Podcasts about financial analysts journal

How can lessons from sports and psychology transform the way we lead, especially when the pressure is on? Kevin is joined by Sebastien Page to explore how high-performance mindsets from sports apply to leadership. They discuss how goal-induced blindness, where an intense focus on achieving goals can obscure ethical or practical considerations, impacts leaders and organizations. Sebastien shares how strong relationships, not fame or fortune, are the most significant predictors of long-term happiness and fulfillment. The episode also highlights a few of the eighteen principles from the book, including: Don't Die on Everest – The dangers of goal-induced blindness. Think About Death – Why zooming out to the end of your life can sharpen your focus today. Listen For 00:00 Introduction: Leadership and Self-Awareness 01:03 Book Promo: Flexible Leadership 01:57 Guest Introduction: Sebastien Page 03:21 Opening Banter and Book Discussion Kickoff 03:54 Sebastien's Journey from Finance to Leadership Psychology 05:34 Key Insight: Sports Psychology Isn't About Winning 07:13 Federer's 54% Win Rate and the Power of Marginal Gains 08:04 Not a Book About Sports but About Resilience 09:19 Why Positive and Personality Psychology Matter 10:05 The Gummy Bear Story: Ethics vs. Goals 13:18 Positive Psychology's Key Finding: Relationships Matter Most 14:36 Goals, Leadership, and Broader Impact 17:17 Principle 1: Don't Die on Everest 20:19 How to Recognize and Avoid Goal-Induced Blindness 24:07 Principle 11: Think About Death 26:01 Stephen Covey's Influence and the Book Title Journey 27:21 Applying These Ideas to Your Team 28:24 Counterintuitive Leadership Lessons 29:59 Fun and Reading: Running and Billionaire Biographies 31:29 Where to Connect with Sebastien 32:13 Kevin's Final Question: Now What 32:55 Wrap-Up: Climbing Everest or Not Sébastien's Story: Sébastien Page is the author of The Psychology of Leadership: Timeless principles to improve your management of individuals, teams… and yourself! Head of Global Multi-Asset and Chief Investment Officer at T. Rowe Price. He has more than two decades of leadership experience and has done extensive research on positive, sports, and personality psychology. He currently oversees a team of investment professionals actively managing over $500 billion in Assets Under Management. He has also written two finance books: Beyond Diversification: What Every Investor Needs to Know, and the co-authored Factor Investing and Asset Allocation, and he has won six annual research-paper awards: two from The Financial Analysts Journal and four from The Journal of Portfolio Management. He appears regularly on CNBC and Bloomberg TV, and in 2022 was named a Top Voice in Finance by LinkedIn. He has been quoted extensively in The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, and Barron's. Sébastien lives in Maryland with his wife and kids. This Episode is brought to you by... Flexible Leadership is every leader's guide to greater success in a world of increasing complexity and chaos.  Book Recommendations The Psychology of Leadership: Timeless principles to improve your management of individuals, teams… and yourself! by Sébastien Page Gambling Man: The Secret Story of the World's Greatest Disruptor, Masayoshi Son by Lionel Barber The Nvidia Way: Jensen Huang and the Making of a Tech Giant by Tae Kim Like this? Seeing Your Blind Spots with Marisa Murray Leading From the Inside Out with Errol Doebler Win the Inside Game with Steve Magness Join Our Community If you want to view our live podcast episodes, hear about new releases, or chat with others who enjoy this podcast join one of our communities below. Join the Facebook Group Join the LinkedIn Group   Leave a Review If you liked this conversation, we'd be thrilled if you'd let others know by leaving a review on Apple Podcasts. Here's a quick guide for posting a review. Review on Apple: https://remarkablepodcast.com/itunes    Podcast Better! Sign up with Libsyn and get up to 2 months free! Use promo code: RLP  

Sébastien Page explores how great leaders navigate failure, conflict, pressure, and purpose. — YOU'LL LEARN — 1) How agreeableness holds you back 2) How to know whether a goal is still worth pursuing 3) How to make stress work for you Subscribe or visit AwesomeAtYourJob.com/ep1056 for clickable versions of the links below. — ABOUT SÉBASTIEN — Sébastien Page is Head of Global Multi-Asset and Chief Investment Officer at T. Rowe Price. He has more than two decades of leadership experience and has done extensive research on positive, sports, and personality psychology. He currently oversees a team of investment professionals actively managing over $500 billion in Assets Under Management. Page has written two finance books: Beyond Diversification: What Every Investor Needs to Know, and the co-authored Factor Investing and Asset Allocation, and he has won six annual research-paper awards: two from The Financial Analysts Journal and four from The Journal of Portfolio Management. He appears regularly on CNBC and Bloomberg TV, and in 2022 was named a Top Voice in Finance by LinkedIn. He has been quoted extensively in The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, and Barron's. His latest book, The Psychology of Leadership, is on sale now from Harriman House. Page lives in Maryland with his wife and kids.• Book: The Psychology of Leadership: Timeless principles to improve your management of individuals, teams… and yourself! • LinkedIn: Sébastien Page• Website: PsychologyofLeadership.net — RESOURCES MENTIONED IN THE SHOW — • Book: Can't Hurt Me: Master Your Mind and Defy the Odds by David Goggins • Book: Never Finished: Unshackle Your Mind and Win the War Within by David Goggins • Book: Open: An Autobiography by Andre Agassi • Book: Quit: The Power of Knowing When to Walk Away by Annie Duke • Book: The Coaching Habit: Say Less, Ask More & Change the Way You Lead Forever by Michael Bungay Stanier • Book: The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People: Powerful Lessons in Personal Change by Stephen Covey • Past episode: 727: How to Start Something New and See it Through with Michael Bungay Stanier— THANK YOU SPONSORS! — • Strawberry.me. Claim your $50 credit and build momentum in your career with Strawberry.me/AwesomeSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Welcome to Strategy Skills episode 542, an interview with the author The Psychology of Leadership: Timeless principles to improve your management of individuals, teams… and yourself!, Sébastien Page.   Ever wondered what truly drives successful leaders and how psychology plays a role?    In this episode with Sébastien Page, we explore the habits, mindset, and science behind great leadership. He shares lessons drawn from 20 years of experience and in-depth research in positive and sports psychology. Sébastien introduces the PERMA model (Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, Accomplishment) and explains how it can be applied to leadership and organizational success. He also shares insights from studying billionaires and what drives their success beyond money.   Sébastien Page is the Chief Investment Officer of T. Rowe Price. He manages the division responsible for managing Multi-Asset portfolios there. he has won six annual research-paper awards: two from The Financial Analysts Journal and four from The Journal of Portfolio Management. He appears regularly on CNBC and Bloomberg TV. He has been quoted extensively in The New York Times and The Wall Street Journal.   Get Sébastien's book here: https://rb.gy/mnu5an The Psychology of Leadership: Timeless principles to improve your management of individuals, teams… and yourself!   Here are some free gifts for you: Overall Approach Used in Well-Managed Strategy Studies free download: www.firmsconsulting.com/OverallApproach   McKinsey & BCG winning resume free download: www.firmsconsulting.com/resumepdf   Enjoying this episode? Get access to sample advanced training episodes here: www.firmsconsulting.com/promo  

Our guests this week are Tom Idzorek and Paul Kaplan. This is Tom's second appearance as a guest and Paul's first. Tom is chief investment officer of retirement for Morningstar Investment Management. He also serves as a member of Morningstar's 401(k) Committee, Public Policy Council, Global Investment Committee, US Investment Policy Committee, and the Editorial Board of Morningstar Magazine. Before retiring in 2023, Paul was director of research for Morningstar Canada and a senior member of Morningstar's Global Research Team. He led the development of many of the quantitative methodologies behind Morningstar's fund analysis, indexes, advisor tools, and other services. Tom and Paul are accomplished researchers and authors, having individually published or collaborated on numerous academic papers, accepted to prestigious peer-reviewed journals, and their work has received numerous awards through the years. In today's interview, we're focusing on one of their recent collaborations, their new book, Lifetime Financial Advice: A Personalized Optimal Multilevel Approach.BackgroundTom Idzorek Bio“Tom Idzorek: Exploring the Role of Human and Financial Capital in Retirement Planning,” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, June 7, 2022.Paul Kaplan BioLifetime Financial Advice: A Personalized Optimal Multilevel Approach, by Tom Idzorek and Paul KaplanLifetime Financial Advice“Joining Lifecycle Models With Mean-Variance Optimization,” by Tom Idzorek and Paul Kaplan, papers.ssrn.com, Oct. 19, 2023.Lifetime Financial Advice Book Club Series“Personalized Multiple Account Portfolio Optimization,” by Tom Idzorek, Financial Analysts Journal, June 29, 2023.“The Popularity Asset Pricing Model,” by Tom Idzorek, Paul Kaplan, and Roger Ibbotson, papers.ssrn.com, Oct. 26, 2021.“Popularity: A Bridge Between Classical and Behavioral Finance,” by Roger Ibbotson, Tom Idzorek, Paul Kaplan, and James Xiong, Research Foundation, Dec. 10, 2018.“ESG Investing and the Popularity Asset Pricing Model (PAPM),” by Tom Idzorek, blogs.cfainstitute.org, Feb. 1, 2024.OtherMilton FriedmanFranco ModiglianiPaul SamuelsonRobert MertonRichard ThalerDaniel KahnemanRoger IbbotsonJames Xiong“Modern Portfolio Theory: What MPT Is and How Investors Use It,” by the Investopedia team, Investopedia.com, Aug. 29, 2023.

By day, Dr. Disha Spath is an internist caring for her patient's physical and mental health.  By night, my she's known as The Frugal Physician and hosts the Finding Financial Freedom podcast. In this episode, Disha shares her personal journey from financial struggles to becoming an advocate for frugality and financial independence. She also discusses the differences between frugal and cheap, the gender wage gap, and strategies to manage income disparities in relationships.  *Trigger warning: There are brief mentions of suicide in this episode.  

During his first year at Ivey Business School, Brian's career plan changed significantly after taking an Introduction to Finance & Investing course. The insights gained from that class inspired him to pivot from a career in accounting to a focus on finance and investing. Twenty-five years later, Brian reconnects with Stephen Foerster, the professor who sparked his interest in finance, to discuss Foerster's latest book: "Trailblazers, Heroes, & Crooks: Stories to Make You a Smarter Investor". Brian and Steve discuss trailblazers Quintus Fabius and Muhammad Ali; heroes Warren Buffett and Harry Markopolos; and crooks Bernie Madoff, Sam Bankman-Fried and Tino DeAngelis; among others. You don't want to miss these stories, which could make you a smarter investor. Stephen Foerster is an award-winning author and Professor of Finance at Ivey Business School, where he has taught since 1987. He received a BA (Honors Business Administration) from Western University, and an MA and PhD from the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania. He obtained the Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) designation in 1997 and has taught Financial Management, Investments, and Portfolio Management courses in the HBA, MBA, and Executive MBA Programs. He has won numerous teaching and research awards. Foerster has also written two textbooks and over 100 case studies and technical notes in the areas of investments and financial management. He has published over 50 articles including in the Journal of Financial Economics, the Journal of Finance and Financial Analysts Journal. Foerster has served on pension and endowment fund boards as well as not-for-profit investment committees. Timestamps 0:00 Disclaimer and Intro 7:10 Trailblazers & Masterly Inactivity 17:17 Warren Buffet, American Express, & Salad Oil 25:12 The Unsung Hero of the Bernie Madoff Story 35:20 Stephen's Thoughts on Cryptocurrency 37:31 Investing & Tennis Strategy 43:52 Historical Lessons from Market Crashes 47:14 How Might Investing Change? 48:43 Stephen's Critical Advice for Investors 49:53 If Stephen Could Do Anything, What Would It Be?

My guest today is Meir Statman, he is a professor of finance, author, expert in behavioral finance. We talk about his newest book: **A Wealth of Well-Being: A Holistic Approach to Behavioral Finance —** I learned a lot, and I trust that you will too. Meir Statman is the Glenn Klimek Professor of Finance at Santa Clara University. His research focuses on behavioral finance. He describes people as “normal,” neither computer-like “rational,” nor bumbling “irrational,” and attempts to understand and explain how normal people make choices and how these choices affect their well-being. Meir's research has been published in the Journal of Finance, the Journal of Financial Economics, the Review of Financial Studies, the Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, the Financial Analysts Journal, the Journal of Portfolio Management, and many other journals. The research has been supported by the National Science Foundation, the CFA Institute Research Foundation, and the Investment and Wealth Institute (IWI). Meir is a member of the Advisory Board of the Journal of Portfolio Management, the Journal of Wealth Management, the Journal of Retirement, the Journal of Investment Consulting, and the Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance; an Associate Editor of the Journal of Behavioral Finance and the Journal of Investment Management; and a recipient of a Batterymarch Fellowship, a William F. Sharpe Best Paper Award, two Bernstein Fabozzi/Jacobs Levy Awards, a Davis Ethics Award, a Moskowitz Prize for best paper on socially responsible investing, a Matthew R. McArthur Industry Pioneer Award, three Baker IMCA Journal Awards, and three Graham and Dodd Awards. Meir was named as one of the 25 most influential people by Investment Advisor magazine. He consults with many investment companies and presents his work to academics and professionals in many forums in the United States and abroad. Meir received his Ph.D. from Columbia University, and his B.A. and M.B.A. from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Takeaways Balancing saving and spending is important for financial well-being. Life well-being is achieved through living a satisfying life full of meaning and purpose. Money plays a role in various domains of life, including financial, social, cultural, and personal. Envy and other emotions related to social status can impact happiness. Knowing your comparison group and focusing on your own achievements can lead to greater contentment. Self-control is essential when saving for the future, and it's important not to dip into capital except when necessary. Finding a balance between saving and spending is crucial, as some people become so focused on saving that they forget to enjoy their wealth. Involving the next generation in financial planning is important for creating a multi-generational wealth strategy. Podcast Program – Disclosure Statement Blue Infinitas Capital, LLC is a registered investment adviser and the opinions expressed by the Firm's employees and podcast guests on this show are their own and do not reflect the opinions of Blue Infinitas Capital, LLC. All statements and opinions expressed are based upon information considered reliable although it should not be relied upon as such. Any statements or opinions are subject to change without notice. Information presented is for educational purposes only and does not intend to make an offer or solicitation for the sale or purchase of any specific securities, investments, or investment strategies.  Investments involve risk and unless otherwise stated, are not guaranteed.  Information expressed does not take into account your specific situation or objectives, and is not intended as recommendations appropriate for any individual. Listeners are encouraged to seek advice from a qualified tax, legal, or investment adviser to determine whether any information presented may be suitable for their specific situation.  Past performance is not indicative of future performance.

How do you balance rigorous research with open-mindedness in investing? How do you communicate effectively with clients during volatile times?This week, Ryan Detrick, Chief Market Strategist at Carson Group & Sonu Varghese, VP, Global Macro Strategist at Carson Group, chat with Cliff Asness, Managing and Founding Principal at AQR Capital Management, for an insightful discussion on market strategies and the nuances of value investing. Cliff shares his thoughts on the current state of value investing, explores the concept of 'value spread,' and even dips into some fun side topics.They discuss: The current state of value investing and why it has seen challenging periodsInsights into how AQR navigates market anomaliesThe importance of communication and transparency with clientsFun personal insights into Cliff's interests outside of finance, from hot sauce to superhero moviesAnd more!Resources:Any questions about the show? Send it to us! We'd love to hear from you! factsvsfeelings@carsongroup.com Connect with Cliff Asness: LinkedIn: Cliff AsnessX: Cliff AsnessWebsite: AQR Capital ManagementConnect with Ryan Detrick: LinkedIn: Ryan DetrickX: Ryan DetrickConnect with Sonu Varghese: LinkedIn: Sonu VargheseX: Sonu VargheseAbout Our Guest: Cliff Asness is a Founder, Managing Principal, and Chief Investment Officer at AQR Capital Management. He is an active researcher and has authored articles on a variety of financial topics for many publications, including The Journal of Portfolio Management, Financial Analysts Journal, The Journal of Finance, and The Journal of Financial Economics. He has received five Bernstein Fabozzi/Jacobs Levy Awards from The Journal of Portfolio Management in 2002, 2004, 2005, 2014, and 2015. Financial Analysts Journal has twice awarded him the Graham and Dodd Award for the year's best paper, as well as a Graham and Dodd Excellence Award, the award for the best perspectives piece, and the Graham and Dodd Readers' Choice Award. He has won the second prize of the Fama/DFA Prize for Capital Markets and Asset Pricing in the 2020 Journal of Financial Economics. In 2006, the CFA Institute presented Cliff with the James R. Vertin Award, which is periodically given to individuals who have produced a body of research notable for its relevance and enduring value to investment professionals. Prior to co-founding AQR Capital Management, he was a Managing Director and Director of Quantitative Research for the Asset Management Division of Goldman Sachs & Co. He is on the editorial board of The Journal of Portfolio Management, the governing board of the Courant Institute of Mathematical Finance at NYU, the board of directors of the Q-Group, the board of the International Rescue Committee and the board of trustees of The National WWII Museum. Cliff received a B.S. in economics from the Wharton School and a B.S. in engineering from the Moore School of Electrical Engineering at the University of Pennsylvania, graduating summa cum laude in both. He received an M.B.A. with high honors and a Ph.D. in finance from the University of Chicago, where he was Eugene Fama's student and teaching assistant for two years.

Markets remain uncertain, but sitting down with top industry insiders can help clear the uncertainties.In this episode, Ryan Detrick, Chief Market Strategist at Carson Group & Sonu Varghese, VP, Global Macro Strategist at Carson Group, are joined by Jeremy Schwartz, Global Chief Investment Officer at WisdomTree Asset Management. Together they engage in a rich conversation on the current state of global markets, the impact of inflation, tech stocks, the future of interest rates and more!Jeremy discusses: His journey with Professor Siegel and the inception of WisdomTree Asset ManagementThe nuances of currency valuation and the implications for international investingInsights into the Japanese market, Warren Buffett's investment strategies, and the potential of India as an investment destinationThe competitive landscape of China's market and the tactical considerations for investorsThe potential for AI to revolutionize productivity and its long-term implications for the economyThe importance of real-time data in understanding economic indicators like inflation and housing costsThe influence of tech companies on market indices and the broader implications for sector-based investingThe future of interest rates and the debate between market expectations and Federal Reserve projectionsAnd more!Resources:Any questions about the show? Send it to us! We'd love to hear from you! factsvsfeelings@carsongroup.com Connect with Jeremy Schwartz: LinkedIn: Jeremy SchwartzX: Jeremy SchwartzConnect with Ryan Detrick: LinkedIn: Ryan DetrickX: Ryan DetrickConnect with Sonu Varghese: LinkedIn: Sonu VargheseX: Sonu VargheseAbout Our Guest:Jeremy Schwartz has served as our Global Chief Investment Officer since November 2021 and leads WisdomTree's investment strategy team in the construction of WisdomTree's equity Indexes, quantitative active strategies and multi-asset Model Portfolios. Jeremy joined WisdomTree in May 2005 as a Senior Analyst, adding Deputy Director of Research to his responsibilities in February 2007. He served as Director of Research from October 2008 to October 2018 and as Global Head of Research from November 2018 to November 2021. Before joining WisdomTree, he was a head research assistant for Professor Jeremy Siegel and, in 2022, became his co-author on the sixth edition of the book Stocks for the Long Run. Jeremy is also co-author of the Financial Analysts Journal paper “What Happened to the Original Stocks in the S&P 500?” He received his B.S. in economics from The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania and hosts the Wharton Business Radio program Behind the Markets on SiriusXM 132. Jeremy is a member of the CFA Society of Philadelphia.

Designing a robust portfolio requires considerable expertise, data, and experience. And while there are plenty of published articles that can guide how you build your portfolio, they are not investment solutions by themselves. Wei Dai is the Head of Investment Research and Vice President at Dimensional Fund Advisors, and she joins us today for a comprehensive and informative conversation on portfolio design for higher returns. Her background includes a Doctor of Philosophy degree in Statistics, Operations research, and Financial Engineering from Princeton. She has also earned a bachelor's degree in mathematics and applied mathematics from Zhejiang University. Her work has been published in multiple journals, including The Financial Analysts Journal. She has also collaborated on articles with esteemed figures such as Professor Robert C. Merton and Robert Novy-Marx. In our conversation with Wei, we explore the contents of these articles, key findings from research conducted by Dimensional Fund Advisors, and how they are implementing this knowledge in their portfolios. We discuss the fundamental aspects of portfolio design, like expected return, risk, and costs, with Wei providing a detailed breakdown of each subject. There's a lot to be learned from today's conversation, and while things get pretty technical, you are in very capable hands! Tune in for a fascinating dive into the latest research on portfolio design and much more.   Key Points From This Episode:   (0:03:37) The main risk premiums that Dimensional Fund Advisors target in their portfolios. (0:05:42) How long-term drivers of returns vary across different regions: an overview of the tests and outcomes they've seen at Dimensional Fund Advisors. (0:07:15) Unpacking whether the value premium differs from the profitability premium across regions; why it makes sense to be globally diversified. (0:08:57) Typical approaches to a multi-premium strategy in a portfolio: a rundown of the three approaches they take at Dimensional and the trade-offs between each. (0:13:44) How they evaluate portfolios at Dimenstional: the benefits of taking a holistic, integrated approach, and instances where that doesn't make sense. (0:17:24) Weighting schemes: Dimensional's approach to assigning individual security weights to achieve the desired level of exposure and how investments factor into weights. (0:26:46) Advice on how investors should decide whether to currency hedge their foreign asset exposures, and insights on how to approach currency hedging. (0:30:42) Premium timing: Why timing exposure to premiums is so tempting; parameters that must be defined to implement timing strategies; and which strategies worked in their research. (0:39:21) Valuation ratios: why it theoretically makes sense that they would be related to differences in expected returns and why they aren't useful in timing premiums. (0:42:11) An overview of the main implications for pursuing premiums that arise from Dimensional's research. (0:44:10) Diversification and how to improve your odds of capturing return premiums. (0:46:38) The tradeoff between concentration and expected returns, and defining the optimal balance. (0:49:06) What investors should look for when choosing a systematic investment manager, why not all systematic strategies are created equal, and Dimemsional's approach. (0:52:52) The downsides of performance fees, specifically for systematic managers and what it was like writing a paper with Robert Merton. (0:57:41) How short-term reversals differ from momentum, ways that reversals are related to liquidity, and how reversals vary across different stocks. (01:03:12) The ways that Dimensional is implementing this knowledge in their portfolios; how their ideas go from research to publication to implementation. (01:08:18) What sets Dimensional apart, and the value that they add, despite their research being available online.   Links From Today's Episode: Rational Reminder on iTunes — https://itunes.apple.com/ca/podcast/the-rational-reminder-podcast/id1426530582. Rational Reminder Website — https://rationalreminder.ca/  Rational Reminder on Instagram — https://www.instagram.com/rationalreminder/ Rational Reminder on X — https://twitter.com/RationalRemind Rational Reminder on YouTube — https://www.youtube.com/channel/ Rational Reminder Email — info@rationalreminder.caBenjamin Felix — https://www.pwlcapital.com/author/benjamin-felix/  Benjamin on X — https://twitter.com/benjaminwfelix Benjamin on LinkedIn — https://www.linkedin.com/in/benjaminwfelix/ Cameron Passmore — https://www.pwlcapital.com/profile/cameron-passmore/ Cameron on X — https://twitter.com/CameronPassmore Cameron on LinkedIn — https://www.linkedin.com/in/cameronpassmore/ Wei Dai on Linkedin — https://www.linkedin.com/in/wei-dai-64a3071a/ Wei Dai's Academic Papers — https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/cf_dev/AbsByAuth.cfm?per_id=2888456 Dimensional Fund Advisors — https://www.dimensional.com/ Episode 234: Prof. Robert C. Merton — https://rationalreminder.ca/podcast/234   Papers From Today's Episode:  Assessing the Relative Magnitude of Premiums — https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3981766 Pursuing Multiple Premiums: Combination vs. Integration — https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3793594 Weighting for the Right One: Weighting Scheme Design for Systematic Equity Portfolios — https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4016481 To Hedge or Not to Hedge: A Framework for Currency Hedging Decisions in Global Equity & Fixed Income Portfolios — https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3703333 Another Look at Timing the Equity Premiums — https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4586684 Premium Timing with Valuation Ratios How Diversification Impacts Investment Outcomes: A Case Study on Global Large Caps How Diversification Impacts the Reliability of Outcomes — https://carlsoncap.com/wp-content/uploads/DFA_-How-Diversification-Impacts-the-Reliability-of-Outcomes.pdf  On the Valuation of Performance Fees and Their Impact on Asset Managers' Incentives — https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3686987 Reversals and the returns to liquidity provision — https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4339591

How can behavioral finance improve your investment strategies?Today on Framework, Jeremy Schwartz, Global Chief Investment Officer at WisdomTree Asset Management, joins Ana Trujillo Limón, Director, Coaching and Advisor Content, for a conversation about behavioral finance in investment strategies. Jeremy reflects on his path to becoming a CIO, influenced by his father and a natural affinity for finance. Together they discuss Jeremy's research collaborations, such as with Dr. Siegel on "Future for Investors," and the potential of AI in investing. Jeremy also shares information on investment philosophy, including Warren Buffett's 20-punch card rule, and recommends useful behavioral finance readings. Their conversation further examines market dynamics, the equity risk premium, and the historical inflation protection provided by stocks, contrasting their performance with bond yields. Jeremy discusses: His journey to becoming the Global Chief Investment Officer at WisdomTree Asset ManagementImportance of behavioral finance in investment strategiesThe value of academic research and expert insights in crafting robust portfolios and advising clientsAI's impact on the investment industrySignificance of Warren Buffett's investment philosophy and the 20 punch card ruleSome recommended readings for behavioral financeAnd moreResources:Mary Bell Carlson, Ph.D., CFP®, AFC®: Emotional Intelligence & Client RelationshipsJulie Ragatz, Ph.D.: Behavioral Finance Theory & Decision MakingDaniel Crosby, Ph.D.: Money's Role in The Meaning of LifeMary Bell Carlson, Ph.D., CFP®, AFC®: Emotional Intelligence & Client RelationshipsStocks for the Long RunFuture for InvestorsBehind the Markets Podcast Connect with Ana Trujillo Limón: Carson Group LLCLinkedIn: Ana Trujillo LimónConnect with Jeremy Schwartz:WisdomTree Asset ManagementLinkedIn: Jeremy SchwartzAbout our Guest: Jeremy Schwartz has been the Global Chief Investment Officer at WisdomTree Asset Management since November 2021 and leads WisdomTree's investment strategy team in the construction of WisdomTree's equity Indices, quantitative active strategies, and multi-asset Model Portfolios. Jeremy joined WisdomTree in May 2005 as a Senior Analyst, adding Deputy Director of Research to his responsibilities in February 2007. He served as Director of Research from October 2008 to October 2018 and as Global Head of Research from November 2018 to November 2021. Before joining WisdomTree, he was a head research assistant for Professor Jeremy Siegel and, in 2022, became his co-author on the sixth edition of the book Stocks for the Long Run. Jeremy is also co-author of the Financial Analysts Journal paper “What Happened to the Original Stocks in the S&P 500?” He received his B.S. in economics from The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania and hosts the Wharton Business Radio program Behind the Markets on SiriusXM 132. Jeremy is a member of the CFA Society of Philadelphia.Send us your questions, we'd love to hear from you! Email us at framework@carsongroup.com.

In this episode of Guiding Assets, host Mike Wallberg is joined by Dr. Edward McQuarrie, Professor Emeritus of the Levy School of Business at Santa Clara University. Dr. McQuarrie challenges some long-held assumptions in financial markets, including the belief that stocks always outperform bonds over the long term and that a negative correlation between bonds and stocks leads to effective diversification. He discusses his research, which takes a historical perspective by analyzing U.S. stock and bond records dating back to 1792. Dr. McQuarrie explains how his research builds upon previous work by Jeremy Siegel, highlighting the advantages of accessing older historical data. This thought-provoking episode challenges conventional wisdom and provides listeners with a fresh perspective on portfolio theory. Read the article in the Financial Analysts Journal: https://cfainst.is/49uRrEq

Investing is a complex and uncertain activity that requires careful analysis, discipline, and patience. There are many factors that can influence the performance of different investment strategies, such as market conditions and investor preferences.Today, we speak with a leading figure in the field.In this special edition of the Facts Vs. Feelings podcast, recorded live at the Excell conference in Nashville, Ryan Detrick & Sonu Varghese speak with Cliff Asness, Managing and Founding Principal at AQR Capital Management.Together, they chat about investment management, the importance of understanding uncertainty in the market, and the need to learn from past mistakes. They also touch on topics such as market bubbles, momentum strategies, and the parallels between decision-making in sports and investing.They discuss: The challenge of quantifying investment strategies and determining if they align with clients' expectationsA critical mistake made during the launch of his firm, AQRA definition of a bubble and examples of past bubbles in the marketCliff's journey from considering law school to becoming a quantitative finance researcher, highlighting pivotal momentsThe challenges and misconceptions surrounding momentum investingCliff's research on the optimal time to pull a hockey goalie and how it relates to investment strategiesThe parallels between sports and investingAnd more!Connect with Cliff Asness: LinkedIn: Cliff AsnessX: Cliff AsnessWebsite: AQR Capital ManagementConnect with Ryan Detrick: LinkedIn: Ryan DetrickConnect with Sonu Varghese: LinkedIn: Sonu VargheseAbout our guest: Cliff Asness is a Founder, Managing Principal, and Chief Investment Officer at AQR Capital Management. He is an active researcher and has authored articles on a variety of financial topics for many publications, including The Journal of Portfolio Management, Financial Analysts Journal, The Journal of Finance, and The Journal of Financial Economics. He has received five Bernstein Fabozzi/Jacobs Levy Awards from The Journal of Portfolio Management in 2002, 2004, 2005, 2014, and 2015. Financial Analysts Journal has twice awarded him the Graham and Dodd Award for the year's best paper, as well as a Graham and Dodd Excellence Award, the award for the best perspectives piece, and the Graham and Dodd Readers' Choice Award. He has won the second prize of the Fama/DFA Prize for Capital Markets and Asset Pricing in the 2020 Journal of Financial Economics. In 2006, the CFA Institute presented Cliff with the James R. Vertin Award, which is periodically given to individuals who have produced a body of research notable for its relevance and enduring value to investment professionals. Prior to co-founding AQR Capital Management, he was a Managing Director and Director of Quantitative Research for the Asset Management Division of Goldman Sachs & Co. He is on the editorial board of The Journal of Portfolio Management, the governing board of the Courant Institute of Mathematical Finance at NYU, the board of directors of the Q-Group, the board of the International Rescue Committee and the board of trustees of The National WWII Museum. Cliff received a B.S. in economics from the Wharton School and a B.S. in engineering from the Moore School of Electrical Engineering at the University of Pennsylvania, graduating summa cum laude in

This episode is a part of the ESG Paradigm Shift Series, where we examine different angles of the ESG phenomenon and its broader implications for finance and prosperity.  In this episode,  Kaitlyn Allen talks with Dr. Shiva Rajgopal, the Kester and Byrnes Professor of Accounting and Auditing at Columbia Business School. He is the Departmental Editor of the Accounting Track of Management Science and an Associate Editor at the Journal of Accounting and Economics. Professor Rajgopal has also been a faculty member at Duke University, Emory University, and the University of Washington. His research interests span financial reporting, earnings quality, fraud, executive compensation, and corporate culture. Professor Rajgopal's research is in popular press, including The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, Bloomberg, Fortune, Forbes, Financial Times, Business Week, and the Economist. He teaches fundamental analysis of financial statements for investors, managers, and entrepreneurs and a Ph.D. seminar on accounting regulation. Professor Rajgopal was awarded the 2006 and 2016 American Accounting Association (AAA) Notable Contribution to the Literature award, the 2006 and 2016 Graham and Dodd Scroll Prize given by the Financial Analysts Journal, and the 2008, 2012, and 2015 Glen McLaughlin Award for Research in Accounting Ethics.     This episode is a refreshing change of pace as we review academic perspectives and how they add value to the ESG conversation. Listen as Dr. Rajgopal (“Shiva”) explains ways to interpret the ESG trend through the accounting lens. Shiva admits that he was once an ESG skeptic, but through research has concluded that ESG is a response to the inadequacy of traditional financial reporting to capture material risks in a globalized economy. Research drives academic conversations relevant to ESG, but they often stay within academia; Shiva encourages academics to join the conversation. He shares his opinion that accounting models and standards must keep up with times. Shiva helps us to re-examine some of our ways of thinking. Who is the mythical shareholder that we always reference? Is ‘long washing' the ultimate ESG idea? Tune in to learn more. Dr. Rajgopal Forbes columns:: https://www.forbes.com/sites/shivaramrajgopal/#2cf290cb2294 Subscribe to the ESG Decoded Podcast on your favorite streaming platform, YouTube, and social media so that you're notified of new episodes. Enjoy tuning in!

It seems like the major themes that are dominating the investment markets are also of great interest to individuals trying to make decisions personally or in their businesses. That isn't always the case. I couldn't think of a better person to wade through this with me than a perennial podcast favorite Rob Arnott, Founder and Chairman of Research Affiliates. As usual, Rob packages his enthusiasm, excellent communication, and insights in a way that should help you think through current trends and how they could impact you, your business and even a few items on your 401(k). Hope you enjoy!   Guest BIo Rob Arnott is founder and chairman of the board of Research Affiliates. Rob plays an active role in the firm's research, portfolio management, product innovation, business strategy, and client-facing activities. He is a member of the Investment Committee and the Executive Committee of the board. With Chris Brightman, he is co-portfolio manager on the PIMCO All Asset and All Asset All Authority funds and the PIMCO RAE™ funds. Over his career, Rob has endeavored to bridge the worlds of academic theorists and financial markets, challenging conventional wisdom and searching for solutions that add value for investors. He has pioneered several unconventional portfolio strategies that are now widely applied, including tactical asset allocation, global tactical asset allocation, tax-advantaged equity management, and the Fundamental Index™ approach to investing. His success in doing so has resulted in a reputation as one of the world's most provocative practitioners and respected financial analysts. In 2002, Rob founded Research Affiliates as a research-intensive asset management firm intent on delivering innovative and impactful products and insights. Prior to establishing Research Affiliates, Rob was chair of First Quadrant, LP, which he built up from the former internal money manager for Crum & Forster into a highly regarded quantitative asset management firm.  He also was global equity strategist at Salomon Brothers (now part of Citigroup), the founding president and CEO of TSA Capital Management (now part of Analytic Investors, LLC), and a vice president at The Boston Company. Rob has published more than 130 articles in such publications as the Journal of Portfolio Management, Harvard Business Review, and Financial Analysts Journal, for whom he served as editor in chief from 2002 through 2006. Rob has received eight Graham and Dodd Scrolls, which are awarded annually by CFA Institute to the top Financial Analysts Journal articles of the year. He also has received four Bernstein Fabozzi/Jacobs Levy awards from the Journal of Portfolio Management. He is co-author of The Fundamental Index: A Better Way to Invest (Wiley 2008). Rob received a BS summa cum laude in economics, applied mathematics, and computer science from the University of California, Santa Barbara.   401(k) Fridays Podcast Overview Struggling with a fiduciary issue, looking for strategies to improve employee retirement outcomes or curious about the impact of current events on your retirement plan? We've had conversations with retirement industry leaders to address these and other relevant topics! You can easily explore over 250 prior on-demand audio interviews here. Don't forget to subscribe as we release a new episode every other Friday!

Edward Chancellor is a British financial historian, finance journalist, and former investment strategist. In 2016, the Financial Analysts Journal called him "one of the great financial writers of our era," and in 2022, Fortune called him "one of the greatest financial historians alive." Holding degrees from Oxford and Cambridge, his latest book is titled The Price of Time: The Real Story of Interest.

Michelle Clayman is the Founder, Managing Partner and Chief Investment Officer of New Amsterdam Partners LLC, an institutional money management firm based in New York City. She is a member of the Board of Trustees of Stanford University where she also serves as Chair of the Advisory Council of the Michelle R. Clayman Institute for Gender Research. She is a member of the Vice Chancellor's Circle at Oxford University and a Johnson Honorary Fellow of St. Anne's College, Oxford. She sits on the Dean's Council at Harvard Divinity School. She is Board Chair of the Girl Scout Council of Greater New York. Michelle has served as President of the Society of Quantitative Analysts, as well as on the boards of the Institute of Quantitative Research in Finance and US SIF – the Forum for Sustainable and Responsible Investing. She has been published in the Financial Analysts Journal, the Finance Professionals' Post and the Journal of Investing and is a co-editor of Corporate Finance: A Practical Approach (Wiley 2008). She was also a co-editor of the 2016 UNPRI publication: A practical guide to ESG integration for equity investing. She has chaired the Equity Curriculum Committee of the CFA Institute. Ms. Clayman has a degree in Philosophy, Politics and Economics from Oxford University in England (BA, MA (Oxon)) and received her MBA from Stanford University in California. Don't forget to check out my book that inspired this podcast series, The Caring Economy: How to Win With Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Want to listen to more? Find it all on TikTok and YouTube. --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/toby-usnik/support

My guest today is Steve Foerster. Steve is a Professor of Finance at Ivey Business School and holds a Ph.D. from the Wharton School and a CFA designation. He's won numerous teaching and research awards, including the William F. Sharpe Award, written textbooks, and is a former director and chair of the investment committee of Western's alumni endowment fund. On top of all of that, he's published over 50 articles in journals such as the Journal of Financial Economics, the Journal of Finance, and the Financial Analysts Journal. His list of accomplishments are incredible, and I'm thrilled to have him on the show today to dig into his wisdom. In his latest book, In Pursuit of the Perfect Portfolio: The Stories, Voices, and Key Insights of the Pioneers Who Shaped the Way We Invest, Steve and coauthor Andrew Lo tell the story of modern investing by profiling and interviewing some of the most prominent figures in the world of finance, including six Nobel Laureates and an innovator in the world of mutual funds. Through this work, he allows us to explore what the perfect portfolio might be–and shares fascinating information about how we invest today. In our conversation, Steve and I discussed how he chose the 10 innovative investors who became the focus of his new book, how to take distinct investing approaches, and create a “super portfolio.” We'll also dig into what goes wrong in so many conversations between investors of all ages and their financial advisors and much more. GET A FREE COPY OF STEVE'S BOOK, IN PURSUIT OF THE PERFECT PORTFOLIO: THE STORIES, VOICES, AND KEY INSIGHTS OF THE PIONEERS WHO SHAPED THE WAY WE INVEST. Here's all you have to do... Step 1.) Subscribe to the podcast and leave an honest rating & review over on iTunes. Step 2.) Text BOOK, that's B-O-O-K to 866-482-9559 for a link to our book request page, complete the form and we will ship you the book for free. It's that simple! Show Notes: RetireWithPurpose.com/327 Rate & Review the Podcast: RetireWithPurpose.com/review Sign Up to Casey's Weekend Reading Email! Sifting through the copious amount of conflicting financial advice and retirement information can be daunting - but it doesn't have to be! Each week, Casey makes it super easy. He hand-picks 4 of the most important articles you need to read, that are beneficial to you whether you're at, near, or in retirement! If you want them sent straight to your inbox, sign up by visiting RetireWithPurpose.com/weekend-reading

Jeremy Schwartz oversees research across the WisdomTree equity index family. Prior to joining WisdomTree, Jeremy was Professor Jeremy Siegel's head research assistant and helped with the research and writing of Stocks for the Long Run and The Future for Investors. He is also co-author of the Financial Analysts Journal paper "What Happened to the Original Stocks in the S&P 500?" Jeremy graduated from The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania and currently stays involved with Wharton by hosting the Wharton Business Radio program “Behind the Markets” on SiriusXM 132. Jeremy is also a member of the CFA Society of Philadelphia.

Patrick is the Co-founder and former CEO of Aperio Group, an investment firm with an astounding $44B assets under management by over 10,600+ investors. They were acquired by BlackRock, the world's largest asset manager, for $1.05B in 2020. Patrick has worked in the financial industry for 40+ years and is one of investing's good guys. Patrick is also the author of ""Transparent Investing"", a book that combines three themes, how the brain is wired to lead us to make poor investment choices, how the financial industry can prey on our poor judgment, and how to decide whether to hire an advisor or try to build a portfolio yourself. Patrick's work and investing expertise has been featured in The New York Times, The Chicago Tribune, The San Francisco Chronicle, Money Magazine, The Journal of Investment Management, and Financial Analysts Journal, among others. *DISCLAIMER - We are not giving any financial advice. Please DYOR* (00:00 - 02:34) Opening Segment - Patrick is being introduced as the guest Host - Patrick shares something interesting about himself (02:34 - 24:19) Signs you're qualified for DIY investing -Patrick shares How the investing world actually works -And what the investing sharks hope you never figure out -Patrick talks about the Signs that you're qualified for DIY investing -He also shares why you shouldn't be as intimidated by investing as you think -Patrick talks about How your brain is hazardous to your wealth -And he also shares Why women are better investors than men (24:19 - 33:27) Closing Segment -If you want to learn more about the discussion, you can watch the podcast on Wealth Matter's YouTube channel and you can reach out to Alpesh using this link. Check us out at: Facebook: @wealthmatrs IG: @wealthmatrs.ig Tiktok: @wealthmatrs

Edward Chancellor is a British financial historian, financial journalist, and former investment strategist. He wrote the bestselling book Devil Take the Hindmost: A History of Financial Speculation in 1999 and Crunch-Time for Credit in 2005. He has just published The Price of Time: The Real Story of Interest, which I rate as the best book I've read this year. Fortune has called Chancellor "one of the greatest financial historians alive, and the Financial Analysts Journal called him "one of the greatest financial writers of our era." Our chat mostly covers The Price of Time. Jim Grant says this work is "A masterpiece of history, analysis--and property understated outrage."

Our guest this week is Larry Siegel. He is the Gary P. Brinson director of research at the CFA Institute Research Foundation. Prior to that, he was director of research for the Ford Foundation's investment division for 15 years. Siegel began his career at Ibbotson Associates in 1979. He specializes in asset management and investment consulting and has served on various boards as both an advisor and a director. He has also served on the editorial board of the Financial Analysts Journal and currently serves on the editorial board of The Journal of Portfolio Management and TheJournal of Investing. Siegel is a prolific writer and has authored several critically acclaimed books in recent years, including Unknown Knowns: On Economics, Investing, Progress, and Folly as well as Fewer, Richer, Greener: Prospects for Humanity in an Age of Abundance. He earned his Bachelor of Arts from the University of Chicago and his MBA in finance at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business.BackgroundBioUnknown Knowns: On Economics, Investing, Progress, and Folly, by Laurence SiegelFewer, Richer, Greener: Prospects for Humanity in an Age of Abundance, by Laurence SiegelResearch"Lifetime Financial Advice: Human Capital, Asset Allocation, and Insurance," by Roger Ibbotson, Moshe Arye Milevsky, and Kevin Zhu, ResearchGate, January 2007.Popularity: A Bridge Between Classical and Behavioral Finance, by Roger Ibbotson, Thomas Idzorek, Paul Kaplan, and James Xiong, Jan. 15, 2019."Bursting the Bubble—Rationality in a Seemingly Irrational Market," by David F. DeRosa, SSRN, April 29, 2021."Equity Risk Premium Forum: Don't Bet Against a Bubble?," by Paul McCaffrey, CFA Institute, April 8, 2022.The Myth of Artificial Intelligence: Why Computers Can't Think the Way We Do, by Erik Larson, April 6, 2021."Value Investing: Robots Versus People," by Laurence Siegel, larrysiegel.org, June 30, 2017.Endowments and Investing Lessons"Don't Give Up the Ship: The Future of the Endowment Model," by Laurence Siegel, larrysiegel.org, April 7, 2021."Where's Tobin? Protecting Intergenerational Equity for Endowments: A New Benchmarking Approach," by M. Barton Waring and Laurence Siegel, larrysiegel.org, April 21, 2022."Debunking Nine and a Half Myths of Investing," by Laurence Siegel, larrysiegel.org, March 12, 2020.Inflation"Protecting Portfolios Against Inflation," by Eugene Podkaminer, Wylie Tollette, and Laurence Siegel, The Journal of Investing, April 2022."The Novelty of the Coronavirus: What It Means for Markets," by Laurence Siegel, larrysiegel.com, April 1, 2020."Will Demographic Trends Drive Higher Inflation and Interest Rates?" by Laurence Siegel, larrysiegel.com, Feb. 10, 2021.Other"Cliff Asness: Value Stocks Still Look Like a Bargain," The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, May 31, 2022."Tom Idzorek: Exploring the Role of Human and Financial Capital in Retirement Planning," The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, June 7, 2022.TranscriptJeff Ptak: Hi, and welcome to The Long View. I'm Jeff Ptak, chief ratings officer for Morningstar Research Services.Christine Benz: And I'm Christine Benz, director of personal finance and retirement planning for Morningstar.Ptak: Our guest this week is Larry Siegel. Larry is the Gary P. Brinson director of research at the CFA Institute Research Foundation. Prior to that, he was director of research at the Ford Foundation's investment division for 15 years. Larry began his career at Ibbotson Associates in 1979. He specializes in asset management and investment consulting and has served on various boards as both an advisor and a director. He has also served on the editorial board of the Financial Analysts Journal and currently serves on the editorial board of The Journal of Portfolio Management and The Journal of Investing. Larry is a prolific writer and has authored several critically acclaimed books in recent years, including Unknown Knowns: On Economics, Investing, Progress, and Folly as well as Fewer, Richer, Greener: Prospects for Humanity in an Age of Abundance. Larry earned his Bachelor of Arts from the University of Chicago and his MBA in finance at the University of Chicago, Booth School of Business.Larry, welcome to The Long View.Laurence Siegel: Thank you.Ptak: Thank you so much for joining us. We're really excited to chat with you. I wanted to start with your early career. You worked for Roger Ibbotson early in your career. In fact, you were Ibbotson's first employee if I'm not mistaken. Talk about Roger's influence on you and more broadly, the impact he has had on our understanding of markets and investing.Siegel: Roger was not only my first boss, he was my first finance professor at the University of Chicago. So, I got fed the Ibbotson—and to give credit where it's due, to Sinquefield—view of the markets early. I was 21 years old. And I would describe that view as that asset classes are what's important; that security, individual securities, are best viewed as components of asset classes, although when you get involved in the business, you realize that you have to understand the market at the security level, too; and that long-term performance is very strongly in favor of equities. So, at the time, pension funds, who were the main customers for Ibbotson Associates' work, had relatively little in equities, and one of our missions was to improve the returns of those funds and thus for the sponsors and the employees by holding more equities. This was in the early ‘80s. I was hired in 1979. So, you can see that was a good strategy.Benz: So, sticking with your background in your early career, you think young professionals should have a grounding in the humanities and liberal arts. Why is that?Siegel: Well, not every single one needs to, but the ones who are going to rise to the top in the business need a grounding in the common cultural heritage of the human race, and that's given by humanities and social sciences that the liberal arts broadly construed. Investors invest in businesses or governments, but mostly businesses, and businesses exist to serve the needs and wants of people, an ever-changing group of people around the world. So, without a deep understanding of human affairs—in other words, of the why of business—young investment professionals are likely to fall into some intellectual traps: short-termism, geographically narrow thinking, where you only think about your own country, and a bunch of other well-documented behavioral biases—you shouldn't do that.Ptak: Maybe a dumb question to follow up on that: Why doesn't the market do a better job of creating incentives to ensure that younger professionals—let's talk about those who are heading into finance and in investing in particular—that they have a liberal arts background and they're able to better avoid some of those traps? Why haven't those incentives really taken shape and why is it still so typical to see this procession of MBAs and people with the traditional finance background dominating finance and investing?Siegel: Well, if you're as old as me, I'm 68, you have observed that it used to. The market, when I was getting out of school, was in a very different position. There weren't many MBAs. It was an unpopular decision to go to business school. And most of the people who were accepted in business school had an Ivy Plus background where a liberal arts education is required in order to graduate. By Ivy Plus I mean the University of Chicago, Stanford, Northwestern, places like that, plus the Ivy League. So, this staffed the investment business with a fairly broadly educated group of people. What happened in the next 40 years is that business got too big. And the MBA programs mushroomed from a little specialty of a dozen or two dozen schools to something that everybody felt they had to get in order to get a job. So, it just became more of a trade school degree rather than an academic degree. And I'm sorry if I'm offending anybody here, but that's the way I see it. And the investment business became more of a trade. So, the market became less efficient, I think, because it just got so big that it had to pull in a lot of different people, including people who had specialized early because they wanted to be in finance because they were seeing people in finance made a lot of money.Benz: Speaking of specialization, do you think that the only way to truly specialize is to have had a generalist humanistic education first? In other words, are the most successful specialists people who trained as generalists first and is there any evidence for this?Siegel: I think there is among CEOs and maybe CIOs, chief investment officers. The greatest businesspeople in the world have generally had a pretty broad background and a lot of them started, the legend is in the mail room, but they may have started in engineering, accounting. They may have started in sales. Whatever they did, they found their way to the investment business through a kind of evolution over time. An organization needs foxes and hedgehogs. Isaiah Berlin, drawing on an ancient Greek story, said that there are two kinds of people of foxes who know a little about everything and hedgehogs who no one big thing. Einstein, for example, was a hedgehog. He really only cared about physics, and he was very productive. We would have a very different world without him. I am suggesting that you're better off looking for foxes, but you also want to have a few Einsteins in there, and an organization that consists entirely of foxes would be very unfocused and would be more like a college dorm than a business.Ptak: Wanted to shift and talk about something that seems like it's been an awfully short supply lately, which is optimism. You wrote a book called Fewer, Richer, Greener, evincing optimism about the global economy and humanity in general. Have you always been an optimistic person? Or has it gone back and forth or been situation dependent?Siegel: I've always been an optimistic person in terms of my intrinsic biases. I do know enough economic history and regular history to know that living conditions have improved so much in the last 250 years, and actually in the last 50, that you'd be kind of crazy to deny that things have improved. This is a bad year and a bad decade. And it's very easy to become pessimistic when you read the news or check the stock market or look at the world situation with wars and so forth. But underneath the surface of all this chaos and negativity, technology is continuing to advance at an amazing rate of speed. And what we really rely on for economic growth is improvements in technology, where I use the word technology to mean it very broadly. Technology is not just the gadgets or computing power. It's biology. It's social technology—my ability to gather together a bunch of people in a Zoom meeting from all over the world and have a board meeting. And as this technology has grown in the broad sense, we have made our lives much easier; work has gotten easier. We do less of it. The 80-hour work week has now become a specialty of doctors, lawyers, and CEOs. Coal miners—my father-in-law was a coal miner and he worked 80 hours a week in a coal mine when they let him. He would have preferred to work 40, but he needed the money. So, we have an economy in which we produce an awful lot without doing all that much, frankly. We have probably the easiest lives of any population that's ever existed.Benz: Optimism seems like one of those secret weapons in investing, in finance in that if you're optimistic, you're more likely to stick with it, stick with your plan, and markets have tended to reward people who have stuck with it over the longer term. But it's hard to be optimistic about the long term given how unknowable things are. So, is the equity-risk premium compensation for subjecting ourselves to that unknowability?Siegel: Yes. There are two kinds of risks. One is fluctuations in asset prices. We all know what that is. The market just went down 20% or 25%, and we're feeling it. And we might forget this, but it went down 34% in a month in the spring of 2020, which is a profound dislocation in the markets. And a few months later, we forgot it. The other kind of risk is actually more profound, and it's the possibility that our general expectations for assets are wrong. And if you look back, equities have returned about real 7%, 7% plus inflation. Going forward, it's pretty unlikely that they're going to do that over the next 20 or 30 years just because of the high prices. Even if economic growth were as rapid in the future as it was in the past, you want to pay less rather than more for the stocks. So, right now, they're selling at a premium to their historical average. That conventional asset-allocation input of equities generate 6.7% or 7% real is almost certainly too optimistic, and we've got to do what Jack Bogle said, which is budget for it. We can't all earn alpha and earn a higher return, because the net alpha in the market is 0, so we would all be trying to take it away from somebody else. We have to budget for lower returns.When you look at the bond market, it's even worse. Bonds seem to be priced to yield about real 0%  to real 1%. That's much lower than the historical average, about half the historical average.Ptak: You got that right. It looks like real yields across the yield curve 49 to 99 basis points as of yesterday, which would be July 11, so a pretty paltry real yield. I did want to, if I may, stick with the general topic of optimism and its nexus with investing, talk about that in the context of value investing. I sometimes wonder if value investing pays off because it's so repulsive over long stretches that it's almost impossible to be optimistic. That does, though, raise questions about the implications for its practical usability. For instance, if investors are likely to give up on it because they do find it so repulsive when it underperforms growth as it had done until relatively recently, they might miss out on some of that payoff, which can come in bunches. Or do you think that's off base? Do you think that value investing really is usable, you just have to stick with it long enough?Siegel: I think that value investing is usable. But you shouldn't concentrate your whole portfolio in it. What we've seen is that the pendulum has swung between value and growth in very long cycles and large cycles where value does much better or much worse for the entire time that data are available. Fama and French did this back to 1927 and you get these five- to 15-year swings, which is so long that people give up on either value or growth at exactly the wrong time. So, in 2007, value had outperformed massively, and it was a great time to buy growth stocks because we were just about to enter not a tech bubble but a period of tech innovation that produced huge returns for a decade and a half. Anybody who went against the grain, anybody who went against the tide and overweighted growth stocks did much better than the market from 2007 until a year or two ago. Now people are saying, only growth works, so value is disgusting. And the more disgusted you are, the more likely it is to work. I would overweight value right now, but not all the time.Benz: I wanted to ask about intuition. It's something that tends to be greatly valued in everyday life, but it can lead us astray when it comes to investing. For example, in March 2020, which you referenced earlier, few of us expected the great snap back in the markets because intuitively we knew the pandemic would be bad for humanity. Do you think intuition was a better model for investing before markets became so efficient or has it never really worked?Siegel: Well, informed intuition, if you've spent a lifetime in, let's say, engineering and you know something about the way that computers are put together or the internet is put together or something, you might have had the intuition that this was going to be a profound change in the way everybody did everything and you bought those stocks. But the problem is that most people who bought the stocks in the first tech wave, in the 1990s, bought them without knowing anything about the individual companies. They were right about the technology; they were wrong about the companies. So, you would now have a portfolio of AltaVista and Netscape and AOL and a bunch of other companies that had promised but they were just outcompeted by somebody else. So, I would rather hang my hat on analysis than intuition unless you just happen to be one of those people with special inside knowledge but that is obtained legally. But most people who think they have inside knowledge don't. So, I would try to avoid relying on intuition too much.Ptak: Wanted to shift and talk about your role at the CFA Institute. You have a lot of experience assessing research proposals in that role. What are the best pieces of research have in common based on your experience?Siegel: Well, they draw heavily on theory to make practical recommendations that can be implemented in the short to medium term. And going back to Roger Ibbotson, we published a piece in 2007 on lifetime financial advice that came from Roger with several colleagues. We are about to publish, but have not yet received the manuscript, the second installment of that from Paul Kaplan, Tom Idzorek, and a third author whose name I forget, and that will come out later this year or early next year. So, even though they're 15 years apart, the Ibbotson people have an integrated theory of investing insurance, annuities—all these different tools in order to provide people with a lifetime income that's secure and yet has the room for adding value through either asset allocation or security selection alpha. So, that's the kind of research I like most. We sometimes have also done pieces that step outside of the box of the Financial Analysts Journal or the Journal of Portfolio Management -type of research and look at a broader set of issues—for example, geopolitics, demography. There was a beautiful piece by David DeRosa on bubbles. He's against them. I don't know how he can be for or against bubbles. Either bubbles are or bubbles are not. But he takes the position that what we think are bubbles are mostly rational responses to circumstances and then when the circumstances change, the bubble bursts. But it wasn't a bubble; it was rational at the time. I don't know that I buy that 100%, but it sure was interesting reading his logic because he expresses it so well. So, these are the kinds of research I enjoy the most.I've also done some of my own research here. I am compiling for the CFA Institute Research Foundation a book on the equity risk premium, which was a symposium of 11 fairly famous people—Marty Leibowitz, Rob Arnott, Cliff Asness and so forth—which I led. I'm not one of the famous people, but I know them all socially, so I was able to get them to come. And I edited it with a co-editor, Paul McCaffrey, who is producing a book on that as we speak. It could come out in the next month.Ptak: I did want to ask you about what's become the new rage in investing research and portfolio management, which is combining quantitative and human-driven decisions. If you had to draw up a CFA curricula for a bot, how would it differ for the current human-based curricula? And on the flip side, how do you think the current human curricula ought to be reshaped to account for the rise of things like machine learning? Is that something you've given any consideration?Siegel: A little bit. I'm writing a book review right now for Advisor Perspectives, which is an industry newsletter, a very good one. And the review is of a book by Erik Larson that's called The Myth of Artificial Intelligence. I'm giving it a good review, so you can see where I'm going to come out. I believe that machine learning is a real thing. Machines can be programmed to learn, and that's a valuable tool in investment management. But when you step beyond that to the idea of artificial general intelligence, I think it's an illusion caused by very fast computers, very big data and very clever programmers who want to create that illusion. So, we have had 300 million years of evolution—not as human beings obviously but as animals—to develop a set of connections in our brains that actually are intelligent. Yet intelligence in the sense that we are talking about now didn't really emerge until the last 200,000 years. So, it is rare. It is fragile. And we don't know what it is. It's like Justice Potter Stewart said about pornography: We don't know what it is, but we know it when we see it. And to imagine that we're, as human beings, of one level of intelligence, whatever we are, can build a machine in a few decades of those 200,000 years that's more intelligent than we are with all that evolutionary heritage is frankly ridiculous. These machines are going to do what we tell them to do. But if we tell them using instructions that are crafted well enough, it will give the illusion of being intelligent. When I don't know how something works, like everybody else, I tend to think it's magic. I'm driving and there are two or three cars lined up at a red light, it immediately turns green and makes the other traffic stop because it's a smart red light, and all it's doing is counting the number of cars that are waiting for it to turn and changes the cycle, changes the frequency, according to the traffic instead of operating on a fixed time cycle. But it looks like a pretty smart red light when you haven't encountered it before and you say “Gee, that's really amazing.” Well, I think that AI as we're experiencing it now is kind of the same as that. It's just a technology that other people understand because they developed it, but we don't because we don't have the knowledge and so we feel like it's magic or intelligence, whichever you want to call it.Benz: There's been a lot written about the glut of skilled, highly trained professionals in the investing field. Can you talk about the level of competition you see now versus what you saw earlier in your career?Siegel: The industry has become way too big. Every stockbroker has become a financial advisor. Ninety-six percent of them ought to tell people buy, hold, diversify, and rebalance and minimize taxes, and then they have to fill in that outline through implementation. In other words, somebody has to do it; their clients aren't qualified to do it. But they should mostly be telling people to buy index funds and to use premixed asset-allocation decisions that conform to what somebody at the headquarters has decided is optimal. To add value for an individual, what you really need to do is be more like a psychologist and a life counselor who says, “You have too much debt, you're not saving enough; you have too many houses; at some point your assets become a liability.” Or you don't have a house at all, you are a renter—you might want to consider a house as a hedge against inflation. But telling them which securities to buy or micromanaging the list of mutual funds, to me, is a fool's errand for most people.Inside the business, that's the public-facing side. Inside the business there are too many security analysts, too many asset allocators, too many broker/dealers. And I think that competition has become more and more people fighting over fewer and fewer real alpha opportunities, and that's why the competition feels so fierce. It used to be an easy business. And it's not easy anymore because the market is more efficient, I guess.Ptak: Wanted to shift gears and talk about asset allocation, specifically the 60/40 portfolio. And my question for you, which is a question I think many are asking, is the 60/40 debt. It's having one of its worst years ever. But the paradox is that yields are now, albeit they're still paltry, they're now a little bit higher and valuations are a tad lower, which you'd think would boost the 60/40's future prospects. What's your take on the 60/40, Larry?Siegel: I think that it's a pretty good consensus outcome of people buying what's available in the market. If you look at the supply of securities, it has to be somewhere around 60/40 because everybody holds it, and the supply and demand have to equilibrate in the long run. But why do issuers produce that ratio? I think that the underlying reason is that for a very long period of history, bonds were a very good investment. If you didn't have 40% in bonds, you wanted to, because they were producing high real returns. And that period is roughly 1981 to 2007. It's a long time. From 1940 to 1981, bonds did terribly because interest rates were going up and up and up, and we didn't have a lot of 60/40 portfolios, but what we had was mostly 0 or 100. Institutions bought fixed income to fund their pension plans. They bought fixed income to fund if there were insurance companies. The big money was in fixed income and equities were this gravy—you sold some stocks to some rich people. And over time as the stock market went up and the bond market didn't go up, you had greater interest in equities, and the consultants who emerged from this world of pension funds settled on 60/40 as a consensus. And so, you've got what I call the standard model. The allocators picked from a list of active managers in each asset class, usually buy way too many of them, didn't have access to index funds or didn't want to buy them. And so, they compared the performance of their active managers to benchmarks, fired the underperforming ones, gave more money to the outperforming ones, and since these things tend to run in cycles, generally underperform the market. They also had to have an overall asset-allocation policy where 50/50 was the tradition that they'd been coming from, but they moved it up to 60/40 because the stock market was beating the bond market and it just stayed there. Stocks are risky. So, 70/30 or 80/20 seemed like it was too volumed. We're all human, and we do what we see the person next to us doing. I think it's really just consensus-building, although there is a supply aspect to it. You have to buy what's out there. And if we all decided to increase our allocation to equities, we couldn't. But we would just be buying them from each other. This is a point Cliff Asness made. He can usually be counted on for very good thinking.Benz: Our research has found that fund investors tend to do a really poor job of utilizing so-called liquid alternative funds. If you take the illiquidity and gates away from alternatives, do you think they can still work for individual investors in the form of liquid alternatives?Siegel: Well, the term liquid alternatives has changed over time. When I started hearing about liquid alternatives in the early to mid-90s, it meant hedge funds and to some extent managed-futures funds because the stuff they were buying was liquid, and then the illiquid alternatives were venture capital and private equity. Over time, liquid alternatives have come to mean liquid to the investor. And when you securitize an alternative investment, you've removed—so that you can trade it like a stock—you've removed the one thing that has tended to give alternative investments better returns, which is the lockup. If you can lock up somebody's money for a long time, you can take risks that don't necessarily pay off in the short run, but that may pay off in the long run. If you take that away, I would rather just invest in liquid nonalternatives, stocks, bonds, and some real estate. Although some people call real estate an alternative. It's the oldest asset class, so I'm reluctant to put it in the alternatives bucket.Ptak: Wanted to shift and talk about endowments. You spent a good chunk of your career in the endowment world. And as you know, a lot of ink has been spilled concerning debates over the endowment model. Some decried it as costly and complex, others defend it as path-breaking. What are the lessons an advisor or an individual investor should take away from the success of the endowment approach? And conversely, what are the lessons they need to unlearn, so to speak?Siegel: I'll start with the last one because it's so easy. The lesson they need to unlearn is that if David Swensen can do it, so can I. He and the people at other big endowments and foundations have access to the best funds because they come to you, you don't have to go ferret them out. The best people they can afford to hire, outstanding analysts and other chief investment officers who can make millions. And if they do lose money, they have this capability of withstanding some pain. A foundation, in particular, which doesn't have professors to pay, or buildings to maintain, or students to give scholarships to, has to pay out 5% of whatever it has at the time, so if it loses some of the assets, their liabilities go down too in a one-to-one correspondence and so, at some level, they don't care. Of course, they do care because it's always better to have more money to give away than less. But the foundation isn't going to be destroyed by a 20% decline in the market.Endowments are a little trickier because the liabilities are not so flexible. If you start paying your professors less, they will just go to another place that doesn't pay less. Students will do the same thing. But these institutions also have a lot of reserve in their fundraising ability. An ordinary individual investor doesn't have any of this backstop. If I want to raise funds, I have to work harder. I'm already working as hard as I can. And I don't have the option to reduce my liabilities by saying I'm just not going to pay them. So, individuals have to be inherently more conservative. You get older, life becomes a race against diminishing capabilities and your risk level has to go down as you get older. So, there's a lifecycle effect that institutions don't experience. So, I would say that's the main lesson is, endowments and foundations have generally done well, but they have some structural advantages over individuals. Unless you have a rich uncle—a university has a rich uncle—which is the alumni and yet that's not an unlimited resource any more than your rich uncle is. But it is a backstop for bad performance.Benz: One investing paradox is that success demands humility, but humility is a tough sell. What's the humblest thing an investor can do to boost their odds of success while also attracting clients? Is it to have a long time horizon?Siegel: Well, the humblest thing an investor can do is buy index funds. It says to the client, I don't know what stocks are going to do best, but other people collectively as a market make pretty good decisions, so I'm just going to trust them to say the prices are roughly right. And when you buy an index fund, you're making a bet that the prices are roughly right. They're obviously not exactly right. In terms of having a long time horizon, it can be humility, or it could be hubris. I can claim to have a long time horizon, but I don't know what liabilities I'm going to face tomorrow, so I better have a short time horizon with some of my investments and I could also live 30 more years, so I need to have a long time horizon with other parts of my portfolio. But the time horizon issue I don't see so much as humility versus hubris, but it's a planning tool that a lot of people don't use effectively.Ptak: One of your more popular pieces of writing in recent years was an article you wrote on investing myths. If I'm not mistaken, I think you've updated it a few times to this point, the most recent being in 2020. Why'd you write it, and how would you change it if you were to update the piece yet again today?Siegel: I wrote it because somebody in Brazil paid me to come down there and give a talk on Siegel's Nine Myths of Investing. So, when that gave me an outline I had to fill in. Most of the myths have changed over time. I've updated it every two to five years. And what would I change now? Well, first of all, you'd have to go back and look at what the myths are. I don't really think I have time to go over all of them. But the one that I would change today is that stocks and bonds are always negatively correlated, so each is a good hedge against the other. It's not true. It runs in cycles. There was a period where they were positively correlated in the ‘90s and then before that at some other time, and all of a sudden, it's back. So, with stock market down, the bond market is also down, and people say, "Diversification doesn't work." Well, first of all, nobody told you to go out and buy the longest bond. Diversification within the bond market works in the sense of holding some less-volatile, shorter-term securities. They sacrifice some yield in order to get that safety. Secondly, stocks and bonds will again be uncorrelated or negatively correlated someday. But this is not that day. And there are other assets. The one that comes to mind is the original alternative investment: cash. Right now, you're losing money in cash in real terms, because inflation is so high. But, on average, over time cash has paid a percent or so over the inflation rate. And then the other one is real estate. I keep coming back to real estate because it has become the unloved stepchild in the investment world. And other than their house, nobody has any. The last time I heard somebody talking about real estate as an investment was probably in the decade of the 2000s, and probably it was going up a lot. Then there was a crash. And the crash stuck in people's minds while real estate itself turned around and went up again. And there may yet be another crash, but it's just another asset class that should probably be in your toolkit.Other myths—I kind of went out on a limb in the last version of that article and started talking more about social and political issues. One is that we can transition to entirely green energy without disrupting the entire world economy. We can't. We either have to transition slowly, which may not be good enough, but I actually happen to think it is, because energy transitions have taken a half century or so—wood, coal, coal to oil, oil to natural gas, and so forth—and the next transition is not going to be all solar and wind. Nuclear power is going to be a vital and probably the most important part of it. So, if the myth that you're subscribing to is the, let's call it the European version, although that's not quite fair because they have plenty of nuclear power in Europe. It's not going to happen, but we're going to need all the energy we've got, because the world is getting richer fast. Growth rates in China are down to 5%. That's still huge. Indonesia is higher than that, and it's a country of 300 million people that most Americans couldn't find on a map. The energy demands are going to be huge from all these different parts of the world that are growing and becoming middle class. And so that myth is something I spent a little time on in the article and I would write more about it next time.Benz: You more or less predicted the spate of inflation we would have before it happened. In fact, one of the myths you wrote about in 2020 was that the government could borrow all it wanted without sparking inflation. What did you see then and what do you think people should be monitoring to assess how long high inflation will persist into the future?Siegel: My forecast at the time was based on basic economic history from the 1700 and 1800s, which is that when the government borrows more money than it can pay back, it's going to pay it back anyway but in cheaper dollars. And the way that you get cheaper dollars is to have inflation. Inflation is a transfer of resources, of real resources, from savers who are bondholders and cash holders, to borrowers, which in this case is the government itself. So, it's tax. So, when you have a budget—that's how government budgets, it's out of balance by a lot for a long time— you're going to have a lot of inflation, because it's the only way the government is going to be able to make those payments on the bonds. I didn't see anything in the economy other than the budget deficits. And it was so early that you could say, I was wrong. There's not much difference between being a decade and a half early and being outright wrong. So, I'll say I was wrong.What I didn't see was the supply catastrophe that came with COVID and our response to COVID. So, when you get a supply shock like the one we've just been through, prices are going to rise, and you don't even need an unbalanced government budget, you don't need budget deficits for prices to rise when there are shortages of things because by ships not being able to dock and workers not coming to work, we just have never seen anything like this. And so, I think the inflation rate will come down from these astronomical rates to something more normal, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, but we're not going to go back to zero to 2, because governments have over-leveraged, and deleveraging is always inflationary.Ptak: What role do you think top-down macro should play in an allocation and investing process? Obviously, it's hard to correctly make a macro bet, though we've just talked about one you did correctly make, but it's even harder to translate that into a successful investment. So, should most people just avoid macro and diversify and call it a day?Siegel: If you mean macro bets to guide your general asset-allocation philosophy, I think you should. In other words, if you believe, as I do, that global economic growth, while slowing, is going to be very large in absolute terms for a very long time. In other words, the absolute terms meaning the number of overall dollars, or whatever your currency is, generated by the world economy that you want to hold equities because bonds don't give you a claim to that growth. And they give you a very indistinct claim I wouldn't bank on it. But international investors say that when a country is growing rapidly, the currency goes up, so you get a little bit of diversification that way. But equities are much more powerful, and international equities are frankly cheap relative to the United States. So, that's a macro bet, and I'm recommending it. But again, I recommended it for a long time. I thought the U.S. was expensive. It hasn't been cheap since the 2007-08-09 period. So, you should make an evaluation of those conditions and implement it through your portfolio.In general, most Americans suffer from home country bias because the U.S. is so big that you can get a pretty diversified portfolio with just the S&P 500 actually, because that's a lot of stocks, and those are all the big caps. If you lived in Belgium, you would not be under the illusion that Belgium was the whole world. It's just you can reach the border in an hour from anywhere in the country. So, you've known since you were a little kid that there's a big world out there. We Americans just don't have that intuition. So, that's why I'm saying that international is a macro bet that is reasonable to make. Now, if by macro bets you think that you act like a hedge fund and you think that the pound is going to crash, and that oil is going to go to $70 and then back to $110. No, individual investors should not do that.Benz: People aren't very good at respectfully disagreeing these days. You're someone who seems unafraid of having a fulsome debate. Besides stepping away from social media and the internet, what are some things we can do to exchange differing views without becoming polarized?Siegel: Well, if I knew I would run for President. People have become dug in—I don't like it at all. Spend a quarter of your reading time reading points of view that you know in advance you're going to disagree with, see how that person expresses themselves and what arguments they make and trying to take their side mentally while you're reading it. Consider maybe I'm wrong, maybe they're right. If I name some names, that would be too obvious where my biases are. But I would read the moderates on the other side, because the extremists are extremists, and they overstate everything. That's about all I can think of other than be nice. If the people you care about and generally respect have different views from you, ask yourself why. It's not because they're crazy or stupid or evil. It's because they've looked at the same data in the broad sense. They've looked at the same world and come up with different conclusions. Try to think about why that might happen, and then picture them doing that to you. That's about all I have to say about that.Ptak: Well, that's great advice and I think a great way to close this conversation, which we very much enjoyed, Larry. Thanks so much for your time and insights. We very much enjoyed having you on The Long View.Siegel: Well, thank you very much.Benz: Thanks so much, Larry.Ptak: Thanks for joining us on The Long View. If you could, please take a minute to subscribe to and rate the podcast on Apple, Spotify, or wherever you get your podcasts.You can follow us on Twitter @Syouth1, which is, S-Y-O-U-T-H and the number 1.Benz: And @Christine_Benz.Ptak: George Castady is our engineer for the podcast and Kari Greczek produces the show notes each week.Finally, we'd love to get your feedback. If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Until next time, thanks for joining us.(Disclaimer: This recording is for informational purposes only and should not be considered investment advice. Opinions expressed are as of the date of recording. Such opinions are subject to change. The views and opinions of guests on this program are not necessarily those of Morningstar, Inc. and its affiliates. Morningstar and its affiliates are not affiliated with this guest or his or her business affiliates unless otherwise stated. Morningstar does not guarantee the accuracy, or the completeness of the data presented herein. Jeff Ptak is an employee of Morningstar Research Services LLC. Morningstar Research Services is a subsidiary of Morningstar, Inc. and is registered with and governed by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Morningstar Research Services shall not be responsible for any trading decisions, damages or other losses resulting from or related to the information, data analysis or opinions or their use. Past performance is not a guarantee of future results. All investments are subject to investment risk, including possible loss of principal. Individuals should seriously consider if an investment is suitable for them by referencing their own financial position, investment objectives and risk profile before making any investment decision.)

Episode #47 features two guests who discuss the evolution in the investment adviser industry over the decades and the conflicts of interest that have occurred.   Michael Kitces is the head of planning strategy at Buckingham Wealth Partners, co-founder of the XY Planning Network, among other companies, the host of the Financial Advisor Success podcast and the publisher of the Kitces Report newsletter, and the Nerd's Eye View blog at kitces.com.   Dr. Nicole Boyson is the chair of the Finance Dept at Northeastern University's D'Amore-McKim School of Business. Her research focuses on institutional investors, with a current interest in conflicts of interest among financial advisors. She also serves as a co-editor (3 co-editors) for Financial Analysts Journal and is on the board of directors for the Eastern Finance Association.   This podcast is hosted by Rick Ferri, CFA, a long-time Boglehead and investment adviser. The Bogleheads are a group of like-minded individual investors who follow the general investment and business beliefs of John C. Bogle, founder and former CEO of the Vanguard Group. It is a conflict-free community where individual investors reach out and provide education, assistance, and relevant information to other investors of all experience levels at no cost. The organization supports a free website at Bogleheads.org and the wiki site is Bogleheads® wiki.    Since 2000, the Bogleheads' have held national conferences in major cities around the country. There are also many Local Chapters in the US and even a few Foreign Chapters that meet regularly. New Chapters are being added on a regular basis. All Bogleheads activities are coordinated by volunteers who contribute their time and talent.     This podcast is supported by the John C. Bogle Center for Financial Literacy, a non-profit organization approved by the IRS as a 501(c)(3) public charity on February 6, 2012. Your tax-deductible donation to the Bogle Center is appreciated.

Tom Idzorek Show NotesOur guest this week is Tom Idzorek. Tom is chief investment officer, retirement, for Morningstar Investment Management, which is Morningstar's affiliated asset-management arm. Previously, Tom was president of Morningstar Investment Management and before that was a leading researcher at Ibbotson Associates. Tom has collaborated on a number of influential academic studies on topics including asset allocation, the liquidity of stocks, and the role of popularity and security prices. Tom serves on the editorial board of the CFA Institute's Financial Analysts Journal. He received his bachelor's degree from Arizona State University and his MBA from Thunderbird School of Global Management. He is also a CFA charterholder.BackgroundBioAsset Allocation and Managed AccountsRoger IbbotsonPeng ChenBarton WaringLarry SiegelActive Portfolio Management: A Quantitative Approach for Producing Superior Returns and Controlling Risk, by Richard Grinold and Ronald Kahn“Stop Guessing: Using Participant Data to Select the Optimal QDIA,” by Thomas Idzorek, David Blanchett, and Daniel Bruns, Morningstar.com, Jan. 30, 2018.ByAllAccountsModern Portfolio TheoryAcademic Research“Liquidity Style of Mutual Funds,” by Thomas Idzorek, James Xiong, and Roger Ibbotson, papers.ssrn.com, Feb. 10, 2012.“The Popularity Asset Pricing Model,” by Thomas Idzorek, Paul Kaplan, and Roger Ibbotson, papers.ssrn.com, Oct. 25, 2021.“Forming ESG-Oriented Portfolios: A Popularity Approach,” by Thomas Idzorek and Paul Kaplan, papers.ssrn.com, May 20, 2022.“Popularity: A Bridge Between Classical and Behavioral Finance,” by Roger Ibbotson, Thomas Idzorek, Paul Kaplan, and James Xiong, papers.ssrn.com, Dec. 10, 2018.

In this episode Dan and Josh speak with Greg Foss and Dazbea about Looking Glass Education.  We were also able to draw some opinions about the current market out of these beautiful creatures.   This Episode Covers: Looking Glass Education Foss' Investment Strategy Bond Math Bitcoin Equity/ Miner plays Index Funds vs. Active Management Bitcoin Night Terrors Nipple Rings Credit SHTF indicators SHOW SPONSORS: **COINKITE** - Makers or the best Bitcoin security hardware in the world. Use PROMO CODE "BCB" for 5% off ColdCard Mk3 purchases at coinkite.com. Coinkite is the producer of the iconic ColdCard.  ColdCard is widely regarded as the MOST secure signing device in existence, and can be used by beginners all the way up to the most advanced users (The 2 of us have relied on this device for years.) If you wanna get frisky, check out the BlockClock Mini, this beauty sits on a bookshelf or hangs on the wall and displays any metric about Bitcoin you can think of.  BlockClock Mini is a lust worthy addition to any Bitcoiners home. Other Coinkite products include the OPENDIME, the SATSCARD, the TAPSIGNER, the SEEDPLATE, COLDPOWER and sweet hats. All available at coinkite.com. ColdCard Guides (ultra quick - intermediate - advanced) **LEDN** - A Bitcoin forward financial services company that has chosen to mirror and embrace the transparency, accountability, and auditability of Bitcoin itself by undergoing Proof of Reserves. Use Bitcoin as collateral and access dollar loans with Ledn Bitcoin backed loans. Harness your Bitcoin holdings to buy a new property or finance the home you already own with the upcoming Ledn Bitcoin Mortgage Product. Save Bitcoin and USDC and have access to Ledn's Dollar Loans and trading service. You can look into Ledn's well architected menu of services at Ledn.io (All products and services subject to availability & jurisdiction.)   RECIEVE 10 USDC by signing up and funding using the following link:   http://start.ledn.io/bluecollarbitcoin   SUPPORT THE BCB PODCAST: ⇨TIPS: strike.me/bcb (tips also open on Twitter) ⇨PODCAST 2.0 STREAMING: You can stream us fractions of a cent via Bitcoin sats on the Lightning Network!  We are live on Podcast 2.0 apps & wallets. BREEZ Wallet is a great way to get started→HERE is an easy tutorial that demonstrates exactly how to do it. ABOUT GREG FOSS: Greg Foss has 25 years of experience in pricing and trading corporate credit and credit related structures. Prior to joining 3iQ Greg was Senior Portfolio Manager at Fiera Quantum LP where he was co head of Credit Strategy for the Fiera Quantum Diversified Alpha Fund and the Canadian ABCP Fund. Fiera purchased the funds from GMPIM where Greg was a managing Partner and Head Credit Trader. Previously, Greg spent five years as Vice President and Partner at Marret Asset Management where he was co-manager of the 2005 Morningstar “Canadian High Yield Bond Fund of the Year”. Greg has been published in the Financial Analysts Journal and the Journal of Commercial Lending on the subject of pricing credit risk. Greg holds an MBA from the Johnson School of Business, Cornell University (1988) and a Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering from McGill University. ABOUT DAZBEA: Daz is an electrician from Queensland Australia. He's a massive fan of music and plays gigs part-time as a solo-acoustic guitarist and singer. Daz used his love of music to create a side income for himself and with this extra income, he was driven to find ways to invest. Having studied an engineering degree while working full time to support his young family (wife and 2 young boys) he funnelled these educational energies in learning about personal investment strategies.. He loves spending his spare weekends in the family caravan exploring different areas of Australia. He is passionate about educating people from finance to engineering to self-development. ABOUT LOOKING GLASS EDUCATION: The Looking Glass is an all-in-one educational platform built with the intention of empowering individuals to take control of their financial futures. Our focus is on building and showcasing timeless educational content that is easy to read and free of jargon. This is achieved through various educational mediums such as audio, video, courses and long-form articles. All of which are created with a common goal in mind, highlighting the ingenuity and potential of Bitcoin and removing the veil of complexity shrouding our monetary and economic systems. ITEMS MENTIONED IN THE SHOW: Looking Glass Education (Lookingglasseducation.com) Daz's Medium Posts (https://dazbe4.medium.com) Fidelity Bitcoin First (https://fidelityfda.prod.acquia-sites.com/sites/default/files/documents/bitcoin-first.pdf) Article By Greg Foss (https://bitcoinmagazine.com/authors/greg-foss) TWITTER: Follow Blue Collar Bitcoin Podcast @blue_collarbtc, Follow Greg Foss @FossGregfoss, Follow Daz @Dazbea1, follow Looking Glass @LookingGlassEdu EMAIL: Send us questions, comments, or feedback at bluecollarbitcoinpodcast@gmail.com

On this episode we have a little fun and take on some information on 401(k)s that you may or may not have seen on TikTok. You will hear my inspiration for this episode right out of the gate and it is safe to say you can't always trust what you hear online. Or, at a minimum you need a heavy dose of context. My guest, the multi-tool player David Blanchet, PhD, CFA, CFP is Managing Director and Head of Retirement Research now with PGIM. He does a great job sorting through the various themes of 401(k) information I came across. We had a ton of fun, and I hope you enjoy this episode as much we did!   Guest Bio David Blanchett, PhD, CFA, CFP®, is Managing Director and Head of Retirement Research for PGIM DC Solutions. PGIM is the global investment management business of Prudential Financial, Inc. In this role he develops research and innovative solutions to help improve retirement outcomes for investors. Prior to joining PGIM he was the Head of Retirement Research for Morningstar Investment Management LLC and before that the Director of Consulting and Investment Research for the Retirement Plan Consulting Group at Unified Trust Company. David has published over 100 papers in a variety of industry and academic journals. His research has received awards from the Academy of Financial Services (2017), the CFP Board (2017), the Financial Analysts Journal (2015), the Financial Planning Association (2020), the International Centre for Pension Management (2020), the Journal of Financial Planning (2007, 2014, 2015, 2019), and the Retirement Management Journal (2012). He is a regular contributor to the Advisor Perspectives, ThinkAdvisor, and the Wall Street Journal. He is currently an Adjunct Professor of Wealth Management at The American College of Financial Services and a Research Fellow for the Alliance for Lifetime Income. He was formally a member of the Executive Committee for the Defined Contribution Institutional Investment Association (DCIIA) and the ERISA Advisory Council (2018-2020). In 2021, ThinkAdvisor included him in the IA25 for "pushing the industry forward." In 2014, InvestmentNews included him in their inaugural 40 under 40 list as a “visionary” for the financial planning industry, and in 2014, Money magazine named him one of the brightest minds in retirement planning. David holds a bachelor's degree in Finance and Economics from the University of Kentucky, a master's degree in financial services from The American College of Financial Services, a master's degree in business administration from the University of Chicago Booth School of Business, and a doctorate in personal financial planning program from Texas Tech University. When David isn't working, he's probably out for a jog, playing with his four kids, or rooting for the Kentucky Wildcats.   401(k) Fridays Podcast Overview Struggling with a fiduciary issue, looking for strategies to improve employee retirement outcomes or curious about the impact of current events on your retirement plan? We've had conversations with retirement industry leaders to address these and other relevant topics! You can easily explore over 200 prior on-demand audio interviews here. Don't forget to subscribe as we release a new episode each Friday!

Legendary thinker, author, professor, and consultant in the world of behavioral finance, Meir Statman, joins Matt Hall in this episode to discuss his work and personal stories of how taking the long view has paid off.   About Meir Statman Meir Statman, the Glenn Klimek Professor of Finance at Santa Clara University, where his research focuses on how investors and managers make financial decisions and how these decisions are reflected in financial markets. Meir's work has been published widely including The Journal of Finance, Financial Analysts Journal, The Journal of Portfolio Management, The Wall Street Journal, and many other publications. Mr. Statman has received numerous awards for his research, including three Graham and Dodd Awards and the Matthew McArthur Industry Pioneer Award. Meir has written several books, including Finance for Normal People and his most recent, Behavioral Finance: The Second Generation. Dr. Statman earned his PhD from Columbia University and his BA and MBA from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Some of the questions Meir addresses in his research include: What are investors' wants and how can we help investors balance them? What are investors' cognitive and emotional shortcuts and how can we help them overcome cognitive and emotional errors? How are wants, shortcuts, and errors reflected in choices of saving, spending, and portfolio construction? 

Josh Jalinski, The Financial Quarterback is joined by Dr. Lacy Hunt, an internationally known economist, author of two books, and Executive Vice President and Chief Economist of Hoisington Investment Management Company. Lacy has written numerous articles in leading magazines, periodicals, and scholarly journals including The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, the Journal of Finance, the Financial Analysts Journal and the Journal of Portfolio Management. In this segment, Lacy and Josh talk about the how the stock market is gaining all-time highs but does that mean the economy is doing well? Listen to the Financial Quarterback live every Sat/Sun 9am EST on WOR AM710. Follow Josh on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. Visit Jalinski.org for more information, and pick up his latest book, Retirement Reality Check now.

Josh Jalinski, The Financial Quarterback is joined by Dr. Lacy Hunt, an internationally known economist, author of two books, and Executive Vice President and Chief Economist of Hoisington Investment Management Company. Lacy has written numerous articles in leading magazines, periodicals, and scholarly journals including The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, the Journal of Finance, the Financial Analysts Journal and the Journal of Portfolio Management. In this segment, Josh and Lacy discuss Bitcoin, Gold bonds, inflation, and demand and supply. What happens to the economy when the government sector rises and the private sector has less of the pie? Listen to the Financial Quarterback live every Sat/Sun 9am EST on WOR AM710. Follow Josh on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. Visit Jalinski.org for more information, and pick up his latest book, Retirement Reality Check now.

Josh Jalinski, The Financial Quarterback is joined by Dr. Lacy Hunt, an internationally known economist, author of two books, and Executive Vice President and Chief Economist of Hoisington Investment Management Company. Lacy has written numerous articles in leading magazines, periodicals, and scholarly journals including The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, the Journal of Finance, the Financial Analysts Journal and the Journal of Portfolio Management. In this segment, Dr. Lacy Hunt explains where the global economy is now and why it's facing a difficult path forward. Extreme over-indebtedness! Listen to the Financial Quarterback live every Sat/Sun 9am EST on WOR AM710. Follow Josh on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. Visit Jalinski.org for more information, and pick up his latest book, Retirement Reality Check now.

Josh Jalinski, The Financial Quarterback is joined by Dr. Lacy Hunt, an internationally known economist, author of two books, and Executive Vice President and Chief Economist of Hoisington Investment Management Company. Lacy has written numerous articles in leading magazines, periodicals, and scholarly journals including The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, the Journal of Finance, the Financial Analysts Journal and the Journal of Portfolio Management. In this segment, Josh and Lacy discuss home prices right now and how they're roughly 30% higher than household income. Is now a good time to buy a house? You decide. Listen to the Financial Quarterback live every Sat/Sun 9am EST on WOR AM710. Follow Josh on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. Visit Jalinski.org for more information, and pick up his latest book, Retirement Reality Check now.

Josh Jalinski, The Financial Quarterback is joined by Dr. Lacy Hunt, an internationally known economist, author of two books, and Executive Vice President and Chief Economist of Hoisington Investment Management Company. Lacy has written numerous articles in leading magazines, periodicals, and scholarly journals including The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, the Journal of Finance, the Financial Analysts Journal and the Journal of Portfolio Management. In this segment, Lacy explains what happens when there are Government debt finance projects and how they affect the economy, long-term. Listen to the Financial Quarterback live every Sat/Sun 9am EST on WOR AM710. Follow Josh on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. Visit Jalinski.org for more information, and pick up his latest book, Retirement Reality Check now.

Heidi Raubenheimer, CFA, managing editor of the Financial Analysts Journal, provides an overview of the Fourth Quarter issue of 2021, featuring the following articles: "Environmental, Social, and Governance Issues and the Financial Analysts Journal" "Capital Market Liberalization and Investment Efficiency: Evidence from China" "Index + Factors + Alpha" "Hedge Funds vs. Alternative Risk Premia" "Boosting the Equity Momentum Factor in Credit" "ESG Rating Disagreements and Stock Returns" "Tax-Loss Harvesting: An Individual Investor's Perspective"

This is a summary of “ESG Rating Disagreement and Stock Returns,” by Rajna Gibson Brandon, Philipp Krueger, and Peter Steffen Schmidt, published in the Fourth Quarter 2021 issue of the Financial Analysts Journal.

This is a summary of “Capital Market Liberalization and Investment Efficiency: Evidence from China” by Liao Peng, Liguang Zhang, and Wanyi Chen, published in the Fourth Quarter 2021 issue of the Financial Analysts Journal.

This is a summary of “Tax-Loss Harvesting: An Individual Investor's Perspective,” by Kevin Khang, Thomas Paradise, and Joel Dickson, published in the Fourth Quarter 2021 issue of the Financial Analysts Journal.

This is a summary of “Index + Factors + Alpha,” by Andrew Ang, Linxi Chen, Michael Gates, and Paul D. Henderson, published in the Fourth Quarter 2021 issue of the Financial Analysts Journal.

This is a summary of “Hedge Funds vs. Alternative Risk Premia,” by Philippe Jorion, published in the Fourth Quarter 2021 issue of the Financial Analysts Journal.

This is a CFA Institute summary of “Boosting the Equity Momentum Factor in Credit,” published in the Fourth Quarter 2021 issue of the Financial Analysts Journal.

On today's podcast I am happy to have hosted Dr Greg Filbeck, author of "The Savvy Investor's Guide to Building Wealth Through Alternative Investments".On the podcast we talked about how he defines alternative investments, similarity of results between US Private Equity and Public Equity and how alternative investments can help diversify a portfolio. Buy the book here! https://amzn.to/3Cz0fJIAlong with this book, Greg has authored or edited eleven books and published more than 100 refereed academic journals appearing in the Financial Analysts Journal, Financial Review and Journal of Business, Finance and Accounting among others. He has conducted training for Goldman Sachs and the New York Society of Security Analysts, consults and trains candidates for the CFA, FRM and CAIA designations and teaches graduate and undergraduate courses in corporate finance and derivatives at Penn State. Thanks for listening and I hope you enjoyDr Greg Filbeck -LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/in/gregfilbeck/University - https://behrend.psu.edu/person/greg-filbeck-dbaGoogle Scholar - https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=HbxJGEEAAAAJ&hl=enWTFinance - Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/wtfinancee/Spotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/67rpmjG92PNBW0doLyPvfnTikTok - https://vm.tiktok.com/ZMeUjj9xV/iTunes - https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/wtfinance/id1554934665?uo=4Linkedin - https://www.linkedin.com/in/anthony-fatseas-761066103/Twitter - https://twitter.com/AnthonyFatseas

Heidi Raubenheimer, CFA, managing editor of the Financial Analysts Journal, provides an overview of the Third Quarter issue of 2021, featuring the following articles: "The Financial System Red in Tooth and Claw: 75 Years of Co-Evolving Markets and Technology" "Volmageddon and the Failure of Short Volatility Products" "Chinese and Global ADRs: The US Investor Experience" "To Bundle or Not to Bundle: A Review on Soft Commissions and Research Unbundling" "Decarbonizing Everything" "Hedge Fund Performance: End of an Era?" "Predicting Bond Returns: 70 Years of International Evidence"

The Perfect Investment4 Investment StrategiesWatch on YouTubeThese are the most common and most powerful investment strategies available to young and old investors alike, designed to help you maximize returns and minimize risk so that you build more wealth over time:DiversificationAsset AllocationDollar-Cost-AveragingPortfolio RebalancingAsset ClassesIn order to implement the 4 Investment Strategies outlined in today's lesson, it is very important that you understand the differences between asset classes. There are many many different asset classes, sometimes referred to as “styles”:US Large CapUS Mid CapUS Small CapInternationalUS Government BondsUS Corporate BondsMunicipal BondsInternational BondsAnd the list goes on and on…Three Big FactorsThree factors determine the performance of your portfolio: Asset Allocation, The Selection of Assets (Stock Picking), andMarket TimingIn a ten-year study of ninety-one large corporate pension plans in the United States, the authors of an article in Financial Analysts Journal found that…94% Of Performance Was Determined By Asset Allocation.Many of us are tempted to wait for a windfall—winning the lottery or a big inheritance from Aunt Phoebe—before we even start to invest. Our hopes are high because we've heard stories of people who hit it big, but those stories are in the news because they're so rare, not because they're commonplace. The best way to develop a substantial nest egg is to develop the discipline of putting money into a fund every month—no excuses. The market will go up or down, but our funds continue to grow slowly and steadily. I know people who began putting as little as $25 a month into an investment, and over time, they've accumulated a substantial amount of money. When they were young, they had every reason to put off investing because they could easily use that $25 for dinner and a movie. But they were committed to save and invest, even if it was a small amount. When they got promotions and raises, they increased the amount they put away each month. To explain the benefit of regular investing, I use the illustration of a farmer who invests each month in his favorite commodity: Cows.Portfolio Rebalancing Portfolio Rebalancing is Like Balancing a Tire, it's the process of realigning the weightings of assets in your investment portfolio. Rebalancing involves periodically buying or selling securities to maintain an original or desired or risk level.

To Bundle or Not to Bundle? A Review of Soft Commissions and Research Unbundling This is a summary of “To Bundle or Not to Bundle? A Review of Soft Commissions and Research Unbundling,” by M. Bender, B. Clapham, P. Gomber, and J. Koch, published in the Third Quarter 2021 issue of the Financial Analysts Journal. To Bundle or Not to Bundle? A Review of Soft Commissions and Research Unbundling

This is a summary of “Hedge Fund Performance: End of an Era?,” by Nicolas P.B. Bollen, Juha Joenväärä, and Mikko Kauppila, published in the Third Quarter 2021 issue of the Financial Analysts Journal. Summary: https://www.cfainstitute.org/research/financial-analysts-journal/2021/hedge-fund-performance

While Dr. Nicole Boyson didn't come from a family of academics, she found an interest in studying investments and corporate finance, which led her to become a professor of finance at  Northeastern University. On this episode, hear Dr. Boyson discuss “hedge fund activism” - a relevant academic interest on which she has extensive knowledge - and what it means to teach students about an industry undergoing several paradigm shifts at once, from cryptocurrency to retail trading. Professor Boyson's research and teaching interests fall in the area of investments and corporate finance, with a focus on regulatory arbitrage, hedge fund management, and hedge fund activism. Prior to joining the D'Amore-McKim faculty in 2004, Professor Boyson was an Assistant Professor at Purdue University. Prior to joining Purdue, Professor Boyson was a manager for Ernst & Young, the VP of Investments for Pension Consulting Services, an analyst for Third Federal Savings and Loan, and a senior accounting at KPMG Peat Marwick. A Certified Public Accountant, Professor Boyson has served on: the Editorial Board of the Financial Analysts Journal, the board of the Midwest Finance Association, and has been a member of numerous program committees of professional organizations. She acts as an ad-hoc referee for journals including The Journal of Finance, Review of Financial Studies, Journal of Financial Economics, and The Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis.

Josh Jalinski, The Financial Quarterback is joined by Dr. Lacy Hunt, an internationally known economist, author of two books, and Executive Vice President and Chief Economist of Hoisington Investment Management Company. Lacy has written numerous articles in leading magazines, periodicals, and scholarly journals including The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, the Journal of Finance, the Financial Analysts Journal and the Journal of Portfolio Management. In this segment, Josh and Lacy talk about the market's counterpoint to deflation right now and what we can do about it. Is this hyper-inflation before deflation? What have we learned? Listen to the Financial Quarterback live every Sat/Sun 9am EST on WOR AM710. Follow Josh on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. Visit Jalinski.org for more information, and pick up his latest book, Retirement Reality Check now.

Josh Jalinski, The Financial Quarterback is joined by Dr. Lacy Hunt, an internationally known economist, author of two books, and Executive Vice President and Chief Economist of Hoisington Investment Management Company. Lacy has written numerous articles in leading magazines, periodicals, and scholarly journals including The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, the Journal of Finance, the Financial Analysts Journal and the Journal of Portfolio Management. In this segment, Josh's guest Lacy Hunt talks to us about the GDP measure in today's current market situation and why many of our aggregate economic indicators are not a true measure of the economy's underlining strength. Listen to the Financial Quarterback live every Sat/Sun 9am EST on WOR AM710. Follow Josh on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. Visit Jalinski.org for more information, and pick up his latest book, Retirement Reality Check now.

Josh Jalinski, The Financial Quarterback is joined by Dr. Lacy Hunt, an internationally known economist, author of two books, and Executive Vice President and Chief Economist of Hoisington Investment Management Company. Lacy has written numerous articles in leading magazines, periodicals, and scholarly journals including The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, the Journal of Finance, the Financial Analysts Journal and the Journal of Portfolio Management. In this segment, Josh's guest, Lacy Hunt, explains how population growth stimulates economic activity and how a rapidly growing birthrate can both help and hurt when there is a deterioration of the demographics in all of the world's major markets Listen to the Financial Quarterback live every Sat/Sun 9am EST on WOR AM710. Follow Josh on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. Visit Jalinski.org for more information, and pick up his latest book, Retirement Reality Check now.

Josh Jalinski, The Financial Quarterback is joined by Dr. Lacy Hunt, an internationally known economist, author of two books, and Executive Vice President and Chief Economist of Hoisington Investment Management Company. Lacy has written numerous articles in leading magazines, periodicals, and scholarly journals including The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, the Journal of Finance, the Financial Analysts Journal and the Journal of Portfolio Management. In this segment, Josh and Lacy discuss what happens when the Fed increases the money supply and the velocity of money falls. Listen and find out how Bitcoin fits in! Listen to the Financial Quarterback live every Sat/Sun 9am EST on WOR AM710. Follow Josh on Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. Visit Jalinski.org for more information, and pick up his latest book, Retirement Reality Check now.