Podcasts about Ghouta

Deux mois après la chute du régime des Assad, la vie culturelle renaît petit à petit en Syrie. Tandis que de nombreux artistes sont de retour d'exil, d'autres ne sont jamais partis. C'est le cas des femmes de la chorale Gardénia. Créé en 2016, en pleine guerre, ce groupe de chanteuses et musiciennes a un répertoire d'œuvres classiques, mais depuis peu, elles reprennent aussi des chansons des manifestations anti-régime. Depuis décembre, elles multiplient les représentations à travers tout le pays. Notre envoyée spéciale, Sophie Guignon, les a suivis de Damas à Alep.  De notre envoyée spéciale de retour d'Alep, À Damas, tout juste libérée du joug des Assad, les chanteuses de la première chorale féminine de Syrie sont en pleine répétition sous la direction de Safana Bakleh. Fondée en 2016, la chorale reprend des morceaux arabes classiques, mais aussi, depuis la chute du régime, des chants des manifestations de 2011. Safana Bakleh : « Avant, on devait faire attention à chaque mot. Tous les citoyens syriens ont un petit censeur qui vit en eux et on doit s'habituer à l'idée que c'est fini. Depuis décembre, on redécouvre qui on est, en tant que Syriens et en tant que musiciens. »Une note d'espoir que les musiciennes entendent diffuser aux quatre coins du pays. Quelques jours plus tard, à l'aube, nous retrouvons Safana Bakleh et ses chanteuses. Elles prennent le bus direction Alep pour un concert : « Les provinces ont besoin d'avoir accès à la culture, je suis enthousiaste, on part à l'aventure ! »Une aventure à travers un pays en ruines. Pendant 350 kilomètres, le bus longe la Ghouta orientale, Homs, Hama… des villes défigurées par la guerre : « Les habitants ne sont toujours pas rentrés chez eux, les maisons sont détruites. »Chanter la liberté dans les ruines Dans le bus, les musiciennes issues de toutes les confessions continuent à célébrer la vie malgré tout en dansant sur leurs tubes préférés. À 24 ans, Yara Shasha et Ghinwa Salibi, s'inquiètent pour l'avenir des femmes dans la Syrie du HTS, le groupe islamiste au pouvoir. « Il y a de la peur, de l'anxiété, de l'appréhension sur les décisions, sur tout ce qui se passe », se confie Yara Shasha.Pour Ghinwa Salibi : « Mais c'est notre responsabilité, nous les femmes syriennes. Si on sent que quelque chose va nous être imposé qui ne nous ressemble pas, il faut faire entendre notre voix. »Cinq heures plus tard, arrivée à Alep. Au cœur de l'une des plus vieilles villes du monde, pilonnée par l'ancien régime et son allié russe. La chorale redonne vie à un caravansérail entouré de ruines en entonnant les hymnes de la révolution syrienne. Ému, le public de ce spectacle gratuit connaît par cœur les paroles qu'il était interdit de prononcer il y a deux mois encore. « Chaque chanson fait appel à un sentiment que nous avons traversé où que l'on ressent maintenant, la peine d'avant et la joie d'aujourd'hui. Là, l'avenir est entre les mains de la nouvelle génération. », raconte une femme du public. Une jeune génération qui compte bien défendre ses libertés dans la nouvelle Syrie.

Deux mois après la chute du régime des Assad, la vie culturelle renaît petit à petit en Syrie. Tandis que de nombreux artistes sont de retour d'exil, d'autres ne sont jamais partis. C'est le cas des femmes de la chorale Gardénia. Créé en 2016, en pleine guerre, ce groupe de chanteuses et musiciennes a un répertoire d'œuvres classiques, mais depuis peu, elles reprennent aussi des chansons des manifestations anti-régime. Depuis décembre, elles multiplient les représentations à travers tout le pays. Notre envoyée spéciale, Sophie Guignon, les a suivis de Damas à Alep.  De notre envoyée spéciale de retour d'Alep, À Damas, tout juste libérée du joug des Assad, les chanteuses de la première chorale féminine de Syrie sont en pleine répétition sous la direction de Safana Bakleh. Fondée en 2016, la chorale reprend des morceaux arabes classiques, mais aussi, depuis la chute du régime, des chants des manifestations de 2011. Safana Bakleh : « Avant, on devait faire attention à chaque mot. Tous les citoyens syriens ont un petit censeur qui vit en eux et on doit s'habituer à l'idée que c'est fini. Depuis décembre, on redécouvre qui on est, en tant que Syriens et en tant que musiciens. »Une note d'espoir que les musiciennes entendent diffuser aux quatre coins du pays. Quelques jours plus tard, à l'aube, nous retrouvons Safana Bakleh et ses chanteuses. Elles prennent le bus direction Alep pour un concert : « Les provinces ont besoin d'avoir accès à la culture, je suis enthousiaste, on part à l'aventure ! »Une aventure à travers un pays en ruines. Pendant 350 kilomètres, le bus longe la Ghouta orientale, Homs, Hama… des villes défigurées par la guerre : « Les habitants ne sont toujours pas rentrés chez eux, les maisons sont détruites. »Chanter la liberté dans les ruines Dans le bus, les musiciennes issues de toutes les confessions continuent à célébrer la vie malgré tout en dansant sur leurs tubes préférés. À 24 ans, Yara Shasha et Ghinwa Salibi, s'inquiètent pour l'avenir des femmes dans la Syrie du HTS, le groupe islamiste au pouvoir. « Il y a de la peur, de l'anxiété, de l'appréhension sur les décisions, sur tout ce qui se passe », se confie Yara Shasha.Pour Ghinwa Salibi : « Mais c'est notre responsabilité, nous les femmes syriennes. Si on sent que quelque chose va nous être imposé qui ne nous ressemble pas, il faut faire entendre notre voix. »Cinq heures plus tard, arrivée à Alep. Au cœur de l'une des plus vieilles villes du monde, pilonnée par l'ancien régime et son allié russe. La chorale redonne vie à un caravansérail entouré de ruines en entonnant les hymnes de la révolution syrienne. Ému, le public de ce spectacle gratuit connaît par cœur les paroles qu'il était interdit de prononcer il y a deux mois encore. « Chaque chanson fait appel à un sentiment que nous avons traversé où que l'on ressent maintenant, la peine d'avant et la joie d'aujourd'hui. Là, l'avenir est entre les mains de la nouvelle génération. », raconte une femme du public. Une jeune génération qui compte bien défendre ses libertés dans la nouvelle Syrie.

Depuis le 6 mars, il ne se passe pas un jour en Syrie sans que de nouvelles images viennent documenter les exécutions de masses qui ont visé la minorité alaouite. Les ONG estiment que plus d'un millier de civils ont été tués. Certaines images sont d'une rare violence. Mais dans ce flot d'images répandues sur les réseaux sociaux, il y a aussi beaucoup d'infox. Ce mélange de documents authentiques et d'images anciennes accentue la confusion, et alimente les tensions communautaires. Depuis la semaine dernière, la cellule Info Vérif de RFI a passé en revue des dizaines de vidéos. Une nouvelle fois, on a assisté à une véritable guerre de l'information autour des massacres survenus dans les villes et les villages de la côte syrienne et de la montagne dans l'ouest du pays. Ce déchaînement de violence laisse des traces sur les réseaux sociaux. On peut y lire beaucoup de commentaires : des condamnations à propos de la responsabilité des nouvelles autorités de Damas, mais aussi une forme de satisfaction affichée par certains qui tentent de légitimer ces actes de vengeances après quatorze ans de guerre civile, et après cinquante-quatre ans de domination alaouite sous le régime el-Assad, père et fils. Dès le vendredi 7 mars, nous avons été confrontés à une multitude de vidéos, provenant de comptes plus au moins fiables. Des images de véritables exécutions sommaires visant la communauté alaouite, parfois combinées à des infox qui ont été relayées et amplifiées par des comptes pro-israéliens, pro-russes ou anti-occidentaux afin de discréditer les nouveaux maîtres de Damas.Ces images choquantes et ces prises de positions ne sont que très peu modérées sur la plateforme X. Certaines vidéos apparaissent régulièrement sur des chaînes Telegram avant de se répandre sur le réseau social d'Elon Musk.Désinformation multiformeDes documents truqués circulent, comme ce faux communiqué attribué à Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), la formation rebelle qui a pris le pouvoir fin 2024. Un prétendu texte officiel en arabe censé demander aux partisans de HTS de ne plus filmer les exactions dont ils seraient les auteurs. C'est un faux. Vérification faite, il s'agit d'un trucage réalisé à partir d'un communiqué du ministère syrien de la Défense datant du mois dernier. Ce faux a été vu plus de 150 000 fois, rien que sur X.On trouve par ailleurs beaucoup d'images sorties de leur contexte afin de tromper le public et attiser les tensions, par exemple, l'image d'un supplicié attaché à une croix et abattu d'une balle en pleine tête. Les auteurs du post affirment que HTS a entamé une campagne d'élimination des chrétiens. Une recherche par image inversée permet d'établir que cette scène d'exécution remonte en réalité à 2015 et ne se déroulait pas sur la côte syrienne, mais dans la Ghouta, près de Damas.Autre exemple, une rumeur a circulé annonçant la mort d'un haut représentant chrétien de l'Église de Tartous. Démenti formel des autorités religieuses qui assurent qu'elles ne connaissent personne répondant au nom du prêtre cité dans l'infox.Des infox comme celles-ci, il y a en des dizaines sur les réseaux sociaux depuis la semaine dernière. Toutefois, ce constat ne doit pas minimiser la portée des exactions réelles commises ces derniers jours. Les autorités de Damas ont d'ailleurs annoncé la formation d'une « Commission d'enquête indépendante sur les exactions contre les civils, afin d'identifier les responsables et de les traduire en justice ». Les autorités ont communiqué sur l'arrestation d'au moins sept personnes depuis lundi, accusées d'avoir commis des exactions contre des civils, et les ont déférées devant la justice militaire.Un moment propice aux tentatives de déstabilisationLa désinformation n'est pas nouvelle en Syrie, mais elle n'a pas disparu avec la fin du régime Assad. Selon la plateforme de fact-checking  « Misbar » qui fournit un gros travail de vérification et d'analyse sur le Moyen-Orient, un réseau de comptes suspects, très actifs depuis l'effondrement du régime syrien propagent « des discours de haine et incitent à la violence sectaire en exacerbant les divisions au sein de la société syrienne à un moment critique ». Prudence donc à propos de ce qu'on peut voir, lire ou entendre concernant les évènements en cours en Syrie. 

C'est l'une des priorités affichées du nouveau gouvernement de Damas, et l'un des sujets qui devrait être évoqué, jeudi 13 février, lors de la conférence internationale pour la Syrie qui se tient à Paris. Après plus de 50 ans d'un régime très autoritaire et près de 14 ans de guerre civile, comment rendre justice pour tous les crimes commis ? Torture, bombardement de zones civiles, utilisation d'armes chimiques : les atrocités commises en Syrie sous Assad sont nombreuses. Et les attentes de la population sont grandes. De nos envoyés spéciaux à Damas,Au siège de la Défense civile de Damas, une sirène retentit. Un camion de pompiers se met alors rapidement en mouvement. Ce sont des Casques blancs, la Défense civile active avant la chute de Bachar el-Assad dans le Nord-Ouest de la Syrie. Ils sont désormais installés dans la capitale.Après une dizaine d'années passées à porter secours à des victimes de bombardements, les Casques Blancs ont désormais une activité plus classique de pompiers. Mais la guerre reste présente dans leur travail ; ils sont toujours à la recherche de charniers. Depuis la chute de Bachar el-Assad et sa fuite en Russie, ils en ont découvert 40.Ces charniers révèlent l'ampleur des crimes et du cynisme du régime déchu, souligne Ahmad Yazji, l'un des fondateurs des Casques blancs : « Le charnier le plus révulsant est celui que nous avons trouvé à Damas dans un endroit que le régime voulait transformer en parc. Un parc sous lequel se trouvaient des centaines de corps. »Pour l'heure, les charniers découverts sont refermés et préservés, dans l'attente de pouvoir identifier les victimes et afin de permettre la collecte de preuves. Depuis qu'ils ont commencé leurs activités, les Casques blancs ont tenu à recenser les victimes et garder des traces des bombardements sur lesquels ils intervenaient. « Des crimes de guerre », dit Ahmad Yazji. Des crimes pour lesquels il y a un besoin de justice.À lire aussiProcès en France des crimes du régime syrien: «Des détenus mourraient quotidiennement sous la torture»« Nous réclamons toujours justice pour la nouvelle Syrie »« Depuis le début, nous croyons que la justice doit avoir lieu, quel que soit le parti au pouvoir. Et maintenant que le régime a disparu, nous réclamons toujours justice pour la nouvelle Syrie. Nous exigeons aussi que les criminels rendent des comptes devant des institutions gouvernementales et rejetons les actes de revanche », insiste Ahmad Yazji.Entre 2011 et 2020, Shadi Haroun a connu près d'une décennie d'emprisonnement. Le crime qui lui était : avoir organisé des manifestations anti-Assad dans sa ville de la Ghouta orientale, dans la banlieue de Damas. Pour cela, lui et son frère ont été transférés de prison en prison. Homs, Tartous, Alep et la plus sinistre d'entre elles : Saïdnaya.« Le plus important, c'était la mentalité des geôliers. Je me souviens d'une phrase forte de l'un d'entre eux : "Je suis Dieu ici. Je peux te faire vivre ou te faire mourir." À cause de cette mentalité, vous pouviez mourir à tout moment. Ou au contraire, ils pouvaient vous donner un peu plus de nourriture », raconte Shadi Haroun.« Le rôle central des victimes dans ce processus est essentiel »Une étude de l'association des anciens détenus de Saïdnaya indique qu'entre 2011 et 2020, 40 000 personnes ont été incarcérées dans cette prison. Seules 5 000 en sont sorties vivantes. Aujourd'hui, l'association souhaite que justice soit rendue à travers un processus national. Et celui-ci doit véritablement être collectif, insiste Shadi Haroun :« Le rôle central des victimes dans ce processus est essentiel. Il ne faut pas que gouvernement prenne des décisions seul à propos des victimes. Aucune des parties prenantes ne le devrait, qu'il s'agisse de personnes influentes ou de responsables politiques. Parce que c'est un processus collectif. ​​​​​​»L'association des anciens détenus de Sednaya a déjà eu des contacts avec les nouvelles autorités pour évoquer la mise en place de cette justice transitionnelle. Ils ont eu un entretien avec le nouveau président intérimaire, Ahmed al-Charaa. Mais dans un pays qui recherche encore des milliers de disparus, la justice prendra du temps. « Plusieurs décennies », anticipe Shadi Haroun.Et pour être sincère, la justice devra examiner tous les crimes commis durant ses 14 années de guerre par l'ensemble des parties en conflit, y compris par les vainqueurs d'aujourd'hui.À lire aussiSyrie: après la chute d'Assad, les attentes des Syriens à l'égard de la communauté internationale

C'est l'une des priorités affichées du nouveau gouvernement de Damas, et l'un des sujets qui devrait être évoqué, jeudi 13 février, lors de la conférence internationale pour la Syrie qui se tient à Paris. Après plus de 50 ans d'un régime très autoritaire et près de 14 ans de guerre civile, comment rendre justice pour tous les crimes commis ? Torture, bombardement de zones civiles, utilisation d'armes chimiques : les atrocités commises en Syrie sous Assad sont nombreuses. Et les attentes de la population sont grandes. De nos envoyés spéciaux à Damas,Au siège de la Défense civile de Damas, une sirène retentit. Un camion de pompiers se met alors rapidement en mouvement. Ce sont des Casques blancs, la Défense civile active avant la chute de Bachar el-Assad dans le Nord-Ouest de la Syrie. Ils sont désormais installés dans la capitale.Après une dizaine d'années passées à porter secours à des victimes de bombardements, les Casques Blancs ont désormais une activité plus classique de pompiers. Mais la guerre reste présente dans leur travail ; ils sont toujours à la recherche de charniers. Depuis la chute de Bachar el-Assad et sa fuite en Russie, ils en ont découvert 40.Ces charniers révèlent l'ampleur des crimes et du cynisme du régime déchu, souligne Ahmad Yazji, l'un des fondateurs des Casques blancs : « Le charnier le plus révulsant est celui que nous avons trouvé à Damas dans un endroit que le régime voulait transformer en parc. Un parc sous lequel se trouvaient des centaines de corps. »Pour l'heure, les charniers découverts sont refermés et préservés, dans l'attente de pouvoir identifier les victimes et afin de permettre la collecte de preuves. Depuis qu'ils ont commencé leurs activités, les Casques blancs ont tenu à recenser les victimes et garder des traces des bombardements sur lesquels ils intervenaient. « Des crimes de guerre », dit Ahmad Yazji. Des crimes pour lesquels il y a un besoin de justice.À lire aussiProcès en France des crimes du régime syrien: «Des détenus mourraient quotidiennement sous la torture»« Nous réclamons toujours justice pour la nouvelle Syrie »« Depuis le début, nous croyons que la justice doit avoir lieu, quel que soit le parti au pouvoir. Et maintenant que le régime a disparu, nous réclamons toujours justice pour la nouvelle Syrie. Nous exigeons aussi que les criminels rendent des comptes devant des institutions gouvernementales et rejetons les actes de revanche », insiste Ahmad Yazji.Entre 2011 et 2020, Shadi Haroun a connu près d'une décennie d'emprisonnement. Le crime qui lui était : avoir organisé des manifestations anti-Assad dans sa ville de la Ghouta orientale, dans la banlieue de Damas. Pour cela, lui et son frère ont été transférés de prison en prison. Homs, Tartous, Alep et la plus sinistre d'entre elles : Saïdnaya.« Le plus important, c'était la mentalité des geôliers. Je me souviens d'une phrase forte de l'un d'entre eux : "Je suis Dieu ici. Je peux te faire vivre ou te faire mourir." À cause de cette mentalité, vous pouviez mourir à tout moment. Ou au contraire, ils pouvaient vous donner un peu plus de nourriture », raconte Shadi Haroun.« Le rôle central des victimes dans ce processus est essentiel »Une étude de l'association des anciens détenus de Saïdnaya indique qu'entre 2011 et 2020, 40 000 personnes ont été incarcérées dans cette prison. Seules 5 000 en sont sorties vivantes. Aujourd'hui, l'association souhaite que justice soit rendue à travers un processus national. Et celui-ci doit véritablement être collectif, insiste Shadi Haroun :« Le rôle central des victimes dans ce processus est essentiel. Il ne faut pas que gouvernement prenne des décisions seul à propos des victimes. Aucune des parties prenantes ne le devrait, qu'il s'agisse de personnes influentes ou de responsables politiques. Parce que c'est un processus collectif. ​​​​​​»L'association des anciens détenus de Sednaya a déjà eu des contacts avec les nouvelles autorités pour évoquer la mise en place de cette justice transitionnelle. Ils ont eu un entretien avec le nouveau président intérimaire, Ahmed al-Charaa. Mais dans un pays qui recherche encore des milliers de disparus, la justice prendra du temps. « Plusieurs décennies », anticipe Shadi Haroun.Et pour être sincère, la justice devra examiner tous les crimes commis durant ses 14 années de guerre par l'ensemble des parties en conflit, y compris par les vainqueurs d'aujourd'hui.À lire aussiSyrie: après la chute d'Assad, les attentes des Syriens à l'égard de la communauté internationale

Un mois après la chute de Bachar el-Assad, la communauté syrienne en France fait face à la question du retour. Cette interrogation est au cœur de l'exposition Ici au loin au 011 Café à Paris. L'artiste, Nadia Albukai, 22 ans, s'inspire de vues aériennes de la Syrie pour conserver un lien avec son pays natal.  Dans un tout petit local, aux murs blancs et avec une étagère qui porte quelques livres en arabe, le café solidaire 011, comme l'année du début des printemps arabes, expose des artistes venus du Moyen-Orient. Jusqu'au 19 janvier, la Syrienne Nadia Albukai, réfugiée en France, y expose ses œuvres.Nadia Albukai grave sur du cuivre les paysages de son enfance vus du ciel. « La gravure, ça permet de créer plusieurs degrés de gris que je fais soit à la main en creusant fort, soit avec le perchlorure de fer, explique l'artiste. Ça me permet de faire des textures différentes, de faire du relief. »Intellectualiser son exilCette étudiante en arts plastique à l'université parisienne de la Sorbonne a quitté la Syrie à l'âge de 13 ans, en 2015. L'art lui permet de garder un lien avec son pays d'origine. « Je me spécialise sur la province de Damas, dans la Ghouta occidentale, il y a eu beaucoup de bombardements et ça a été assiégé pendant très très longtemps, rappelle-t-elle. C'est un territoire inaccessible et je ne pouvais voyager là-bas que par les vues aériennes qui étaient disponibles sur Google Earth. Étant sortie très jeune de Syrie — la révolution a commencé quand j'avais neuf ans — je n'ai pas eu le temps de beaucoup voyager en Syrie. Je ne connaissais pas beaucoup mon pays. »Par son art, Nadia Albukai explore son exil : « Je pense que ça a créé un lien assez fort parce que j'ai appris à connaître le territoire un peu mieux que ce que j'avais dans mes souvenirs d'enfant. Tout est parti de mon expérience, de mon vécu en exil et le fait que je ne pouvais pas aller en Syrie à cause de raisons politiques. Mais voilà, ça m'a permis d'intellectualiser mon exil. »De par son statut de réfugiée, l'impossibilité de retourner en Syrie  Aujourd'hui, un mois après la chute du régime de Bachar el-Assad, ses perspectives ont changé. « Moi, je pensais ne plus jamais pouvoir revenir en Syrie, confie-t-elle. C'est un très grand changement, vraiment historique. C'est encore très récent. Les gens ont vraiment besoin de guérir de toutes ces années d'oppression. »Et si elle espère bientôt retourner en Syrie, elle explique que sa vie est désormais en France. « J'ai de plus en plus envie d'y retourner pour visiter, mais j'ai toute ma vie en France quand même, je ne pourrais pas m'installer en Syrie maintenant. Mais je ne peux toujours pas [aller en Syrie] parce que j'ai le statut de réfugiée et il n'y a pas encore eu de mesures prises par rapport à ça, regrette l'artiste. Beaucoup de Syriens ont peur de revenir en Syrie et de ne plus pouvoir retourner en France à cause de leur titre de séjour. »Pour avoir l'esprit plus tranquille, Nadia Albukai espère obtenir la nationalité française. À lire aussiEn Europe, un réfugié peut-il vraiment perdre son statut si la situation dans son pays évolue?

En Syrie, le Nord-Est du pays est encore marquée par des affrontements. Quelle est la situation sur place et la nature idéologique du groupe islamiste Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) qui pilote le processus de transition ? Pour en parler, Arthur Quesnay, docteur en Sciences politiques affilié à l'Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, co-auteur du livre « Syrie : anatomie d'une guerre civile » publié au CNRS éditions, est l'invité international de la mi-journée de RFI. Il répond à Simon Bourtembourg. À lire aussiSyrie: dans la Ghouta, la fragile union des groupes armés locaux avec HTSÀ lire aussiSyrie: à Idleb, la population soutient majoritairement le groupe HTS à la tête de la Transition

pWotD Episode 2777: Bashar al-Assad Welcome to Popular Wiki of the Day, spotlighting Wikipedia's most visited pages, giving you a peek into what the world is curious about today.With 1,941,915 views on Sunday, 8 December 2024 our article of the day is Bashar al-Assad.Bashar al-Assad (born 11 September 1965) is a Syrian politician, military officer, and surgeon, who served as the 19th president of Syria from July 2000 until his overthrow in December 2024. As president, Assad was the commander-in-chief of the Syrian Armed Forces and the secretary-general of the Central Command of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party. He is the son of Hafez al-Assad, who was the president from 1971 until his death in 2000.In 1994, after his elder brother Bassel al-Assad died in a car accident, Assad was recalled to Syria to take over Bassel's role as heir apparent. Assad entered the military academy, taking charge of the Syrian occupation of Lebanon in 1998. On 17 July 2000, Assad became president, succeeding his father, who died on 10 June 2000. A series of crackdowns in 2001–02 ended the Damascus Spring, a period marked by calls for transparency and democracy.Academics and analysts characterized Assad's presidency as a highly personalist dictatorship, which governed Syria as a totalitarian police state, and was marked by numerous human rights violations and severe repression. While the Assad government described itself as secular, various political scientists and observers noted that his regime exploited sectarian tensions in the country. Although Assad inherited the power structures and personality cult nurtured by his father, he lacked the loyalty received by his father and faced rising discontent against his rule. As a result, many members of the Old Guard resigned or were purged and the political inner-circle were replaced by staunch loyalists from Alawite clans. Assad's early economic liberalisation programs worsened inequalities and centralized the socio-political power of the loyalist Damascene elite of the Assad family, alienating the Syrian rural population, urban working classes, businessmen, industrialists and people from once-traditional Ba'ath strongholds. The Cedar Revolution in Lebanon in February 2005, triggered by the assassination of Lebanese Prime Minister Rafic Hariri, forced Assad to end the Syrian occupation of Lebanon.In 2011, the United States, European Union, and majority of the Arab League called for Assad to resign following the crackdown on Arab Spring protesters during the events of the Syrian revolution, which led to the Syrian civil war. The civil war has killed around 580,000 people, of which a minimum of 306,000 deaths are non-combatant; according to the Syrian Network for Human Rights, pro-Assad forces caused more than 90% of those civilian deaths. The Assad government perpetrated numerous war crimes during the course of the Syrian civil war, while its army has carried out several attacks with chemical weapons (most notably, a sarin gas strike in Ghouta on 21 August 2013). The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights stated that findings from an inquiry by the UN implicated Assad in war crimes, and he faced international investigations and condemnation for his actions.In November 2024, a coalition of Syrian rebels mounted several offensives against the country with the intention of ousting Assad. In December 2024, shortly before rebel troops took Damascus, Assad fled the country by plane, and his regime collapsed. He arrived in Moscow and was granted political asylum.This recording reflects the Wikipedia text as of 01:49 UTC on Monday, 9 December 2024.For the full current version of the article, see Bashar al-Assad on Wikipedia.This podcast uses content from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.Visit our archives at wikioftheday.com and subscribe to stay updated on new episodes.Follow us on Mastodon at @wikioftheday@masto.ai.Also check out Curmudgeon's Corner, a current events podcast.Until next time, I'm standard Geraint.

Il y a une dizaine d'années en Syrie, le 21 août 2013, une attaque chimique au gaz sarin a été perpétrée dans la région de la Ghouta, au nord-est de Damas, décimant 1 400 personnes. Ce crime, attribué au régime de Bachar al-Assad, demeure à ce jour impuni. Mais des Syriens réfugiés en Europe se battent pour obtenir justice. Activistes, juristes et témoins se sont lancés dans la traque des responsables, dont certains résident sur le sol français. Les obstacles sont nombreux : les rares témoins exilés craignent des représailles pour leur famille restée sur place, tandis qu'aucun accès à la Syrie de Bachar al-Assad n'est envisageable, rendant impossibles enquêtes et instructions sur le terrain. Un document exclusif d'une durée de 27 minutes, réalisé par Dana Alboz. Attention, certaines images peuvent choquer.

In August 2013, a chemical attack using sarin gas was perpetrated in Syria's Ghouta region, northeast of Damascus, killing some 1,400 people. Attributed to the regime of Bashar al-Assad, the crime remains unpunished to this day. But Syrian refugees in Europe are fighting for justice. Activists, lawyers and witnesses have set out to track down those responsible, some of whom live in France. Yet many obstacles remain: the few witnesses living in exile fear reprisals on their families who have stayed behind, while there is no access to Assad's Syria, making it impossible to carry out investigations on the ground. FRANCE 24's Dana Alboz brings us this exclusive 27-minute documentary. Warning: viewers may find some images upsetting.

durée : 00:58:56 - Toute une vie - Dans la nuit du 09 au 10 décembre 2013, l'avocate et activiste syrienne Razan Zaitouneh, figure incontournable de la Révolution syrienne, était enlevée dans la Ghouta avec trois de ses camarades, Waël Hamada, Nazem el-Hammadi et Samira El-Kallil. - invités : Randa Baas Traductrice et interprète; Mazen Darwich Avocate et défenseur des droits humains; Thaer Hijazi Défenseur des droits humains; Hala Kodmani Journaliste franco-syrienne, grand reporter à Libération, écrivaine; Justine Augier Écrivaine et essayiste

On the August 20, 2023 episode of Mic Check, host Mike Merli speaks with Stanley Heller. Stanley Heller is Administrator of Promoting Enduring Peace, and is also involved with Middle East Crisis Committee, and is the host and producer of The Struggle Video News. Stanley joins Mike to discuss the 10 Year Anniversary of the Ghouta Massacre in Syria, at the hands of the Assad regime. Marking the occasion are rallies and vigils around the US and around the world, including tomorrow, Monday August 21 at 12 noon at 1 Market Street in Hartford, Connecticut. For more info on tomorrow's events: https://pepeace.org/changing For more on Syria, the sources Stanley recommends at the end of the interview: www.thestruggle.org www.thestrugglevideo.org www.pepeace.org www.countervortex.org www.hummusforthought.com www.newlinesmag.com www.whitehelmets.org

We read once again from "Bibi: My Story" by Benjamin Netanyahu, in which Netanyahu describes events surrounding the 2013 chemical weapons attack in Ghouta, Syria, and the subsequent destruction of Syria's chemical weapons program. We discuss how this matches with the stated goals of the 1996 Clean Break document, which called for Syria to be contained and rolled back, but not for all out regime change unlike with Iraq. We also talk about Netanyahu's lamentations about President Obama refusing to utilize "hard power" and give examples of when "hard power" was actually implemented by the Obama administration. https://www.exposetheenemy.com/networks#Finkelstein-LauderNetwork https://odysee.com/@TheAntedote:6/trump's-syria-pullout-and-the-neocon:3 https://odysee.com/@TheAntedote:6/the-parameters-of-clean-break-dirty:d https://odysee.com/@TheAntedote:6/antedote-deepcore-text-iraq-and-the-2:9 https://odysee.com/@TheAntedote:6/dirty-breaks-in-iraq-syria,-global:7 https://odysee.com/@TheAntedote:6/syrian-dirty-break,-trump's-gambino-like:6 https://www.motherjones.com/kevin-drum/2013/09/obama-planned-syrian-gas-attacks-limbaugh-bodansky/ https://www.globalresearch.ca/did-the-white-house-help-plan-the-syrian-chemical-attack/5347542 https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2017/02/27/michael-flynn-general-chaos https://www.wnd.com/2015/08/ex-dia-chief-obama-willfully-allowed-rise-of-isis/ https://medium.com/dan-sanchez/clean-break-to-dirty-wars-d5ebc5fda9f9 --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/the-antedote/support

In Episode 138 of the CounterVortex podcast, Bill Weinberg is outraged that The Nation magazine marks the ninth anniversary of the Ghouta chemical massacre by engaging in glib "false flag" theorizing—the predictable response of the post-truth pseudo-left. This sinister spewing from writer David Bromwich is but the latest entry in a long and shameful litany of pro-Assad and pro-Putin propaganda to appear in The Nation. Similar chemical denialism has been dished out by James Cardenn, and loaned credence by Phyllis Bennis—despite the findings of bona fide human rights groups. The Nation's Bob Dreyfuss has expressed open support for the genocidal dictatorship of Bashar Assad. The Nation's late éminence grise Stephen F. Cohen has spread dishonest Russian propaganda both on Syria and on Ukraine, his spewings eagerly lapped up by Tucker Carlson. Weinberg asserts that The Nation has become a vehicle of Kremlin foreign policy aims, and calls for a complete boycott. Listen on SoundCloud or via Patreon. https://www.patreon.com/countervortex Production by Chris Rywalt We ask listeners to donate just $1 per weekly podcast via Patreon -- or $2 for our new special offer! We now have 45 subscribers. If you appreciate our work, please become Number 46!

Sunday August 21, 2022 marks 9 years since authoritarian dictator Bashar al-Assad used chemical weapons to kill over 1,400 Syrians, including many children. Coinciding with in-person events happening in New York City and Washington DC, Connecticut-based organization Promoting Enduring Peace held a candle-lighting Zoom event, in honor of the victims of the 2013 Ghouta massacre. Dr. Zaki Lababidi, MD was born in Homs, Syria, graduated from medical school in Damascus in 1985, and has been working as an interventional cardiologist in Arizona. He is involved with the Syrian American Council and is engaged in lots of different work related to Syria. Dr. Lababidi, MD shares his story and work, and he contextualizes the Syrian Revolution and the significance of remembering the 9 Year Anniversary of the Ghouta Massacre. To learn more about the Syrian Revolution, and to support Dr. Lababidi's work: https://www.sacouncil.com/ https://pepeace.org/changing https://arcsyria.org Books: https://www.littlebrown.com/titles/sam-dagher/assad-or-we-burn-the-country/9780316556705/ Films: https://www.forsamafilm.com/ https://www.kinolorber.com/film/view/id/3405

After the devastating Ghouta attack, calls for an international intervention to halt war crimes in Syria grow louder. In Geneva, the US and Russia strike a deal to destroy the Assad regime's chemical weapons stockpile. … Nowhere to Hide is a podcast by the Global Public Policy Institute in Berlin. Host: Tobias Schneider Scripting and production: Karam Shoumali, Eliza Apperly, Inji El Bakry, Tobias Schneider Sound design and composition: Benjamin Nash Editorial support: Katharina Nachbar, Amanda Pridmore Illustrations: Molly Crabapple Cover design: Sonya Sugrobova We are grateful for generous support from the Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs. For more on the research behind the podcast, visit chemicalweapons.gppi.net. … Do you have thoughts or feedback? We'd love to hear from you. Email us at chemicalweapons@gppi.net.

Following a deadly chemical attack on eastern Ghouta in August 2013, UN investigator Angela Kane and her team set out to verify the use of poisonous chemical agents in the Syrian city. Around the world, people wait to see what they will find. … Nowhere to Hide is a podcast by the Global Public Policy Institute in Berlin. Host: Tobias Schneider Scripting and production: Karam Shoumali, Eliza Apperly, Inji El Bakry, Tobias Schneider Sound design and composition: Benjamin Nash Editorial support: Katharina Nachbar, Amanda Pridmore Illustrations: Molly Crabapple Cover design: Sonya Sugrobova We are grateful for generous support from the Canadian Department of Foreign Affairs. For more on the research behind the podcast, visit chemicalweapons.gppi.net. … Do you have thoughts or feedback? We'd love to hear from you. Email us at chemicalweapons@gppi.net.

Max Pearson introduces first-hand accounts of the 2013 chemical weapons attack in Syria and the opening of a refugee camp for Syrians fleeing the civil war. Plus, how lynching was finally outlawed in America, the opening of the Sydney Opera House and the Queen's coronation. PHOTO: A UN inspector at work in Ghouta, Syria in August 2013 (Reuters)

In 2013, more than a thousand people are thought to have died in a chemical weapons attack on a suburb of the Syrian capital Damascus called Ghouta. It was the single deadliest attack of the Syrian civil war and the UN later confirmed that the nerve agent Sarin had been used. Louise Hidalgo speaks to Angela Kane, the former UN High Representative for Disarmament Affairs. Her team of chemical weapons inspectors reached the site in Ghouta just days after the attack. PHOTO: A UN inspector at work in Ghouta in August 2013 (AFP/Getty Images)

Photo: People and children in Ghouta, Syria, massacred by chemical attack, 21 August 2013; widely understood to have been a chemical attack by Russians.             The Russian general just assigned to Ukraine was one of the masterminds of Russian war in Syria. @Batchelorshow 2/4: The Kremlin sends in the Syrian conqueror. Anna Borshchevskaya. Putin's War in Syria: Russian Foreign Policy and the Price of America's Absence, by  Anna Borshchevskaya.  Hardcover – November 4, 2021  https://www.amazon.com/Putins-War-Syria-Russian-Americas/dp/0755634632/ref=sr_1_1?crid=3DSR0TXDGCJEJ&keywords=anna+borshchevskaya&qid=1644188369&s=books&sprefix=anna+borshchevskaya%2Cstripbooks%2C86&sr=1-1 Putin intervened in Syria in September 2015, with international critics predicting that Russia would overextend itself and Barack Obama suggesting the country would find itself in a “quagmire” in Syria. Contrary to this, Anna Borshchevskaya argues that in fact Putin achieved significant key domestic and foreign policy objectives without crippling costs, and is well-positioned to direct Syria's future and become a leading power in the Middle East.   This outcome has serious implications for Western foreign policy interests both in the Middle East and beyond. This book places Russian intervention in Syria in this broader context, exploring Putin's overall approach to the Middle East—historically, Moscow has a special relationship with Damascus—and traces the political, diplomatic, military and domestic aspects of this intervention. Borshchevskaya delves into the Russian military campaign and public opinion within Russia, as well as Russian diplomatic tactics at the United Nations. Crucially, this book illustrates the impact of Western absence in Syria, particularly US absence, and what the role of the West is, and could be, in the Middle East. .. Permissions English: People and children in Ghouta massacred by chemical attack. Date | 21 August 2013 Source | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yp_Ju6742Z0 Author | محمد السعيد This video, screenshot or audio excerpt was originally uploaded on YouTube under a CC license. Their website states: "YouTube allows users to mark their videos with a Creative Commons CC BY license." To the uploader: You must provide a link (URL) to the original file and the authorship information if available. This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license. You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work; to remix – to adapt the workUnder the following conditions: attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.

Today we commemorate the 1988 #HalabjaGenocide of Kurds by the Saddam Hussein regime. I'm re-sharing Sabrîna Azad's 2020 episode on the long-term effects of chemical weapons and the shared trauma and solidarity between Halabja and Ghouta. Azad is a writer who published a moving piece for Mangal Media entitled ‘From Halabja to Ghouta‘ in which she looked at how deniers of Assad's war crimes in Syria were evoking painful memories for survivors of Saddam Hussein's genocidal campaigns against Kurds. She spoke about the legacy of the Halabja massacre, part of the Anfal genocide of the late 80s, as well as the 1991 uprisings against Saddam and why they offer better insight into the world's reaction to Syria since 2011 than the more frequently mentioned 2003 invasion of Iraq does. Support: Patreon.com/firethesetimes Website: http://TheFireThisTi.Me Substack: https://thefirethesetimes.substack.com Twitter + Instagram @ firethesetimes

Support Pushback at Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/aaronmate A new open-source study concludes that Syrian insurgents carried out the Ghouta sarin chemical attack in August 2013 -- not the Syrian government, as the White House, U.S. intelligence, and other Western sources publicly alleged. Rockets carrying sarin killed hundreds of people and left thousands wounded. Based on their trajectories, the study traces all seven missile impact locations back to the most likely launch spot where they all intersected: a small area within insurgent-controlled territory. In their first joint interview, the study's authors lay out their explosive findings. Guests: Michael Kobs and Adam Larson, co-authors of a new study on the 2013 chemical attack in Ghouta. Saar Wilf: Founder of Root Claim, which published the Ghouta study. Read the Ghouta study: https://rootclaim-media.s3.amazonaws.com/syria2013evidence.pdf Read a summary of the findings: https://blog.rootclaim.com/new-evidence-2013-sarin-attack-in-ghouta-syria/# Adam Larson on Twitter: https://twitter.com/CL4Syr Michael Kobs on Twitter: https://twitter.com/MichaKobs Saar Wilf: https://twitter.com/saarwilf

This is a conversation with Jeffrey Karam. He's Assistant Professor of Political Science at the Lebanese American University and an associate at Harvard's Middle East Initiative. He's also the editor of the book “The Middle East in 1958: Reimagining a Revolutionary Year“, the topic of our conversation. Get early access + more perks at Patreon.com/firethesetimes Blog: https://thefirethisti.me You can follow on Twitter or Instagram @ firethesetimes too. Topics Discussed: What was so special about 1958? Its legacy in the Middle East and the world The formation of the short-lived United Arab Republic (between Egypt and Syria), the Iraq revolution, the attempted coup in Jordan, the slide towards more authoritarianism in Iran, the clash between the princes in Saudi Arabia, the collapse of the fourth republic in France etc The internationalization of the region and the role of the great powers (US, UK, France, USSR) History as non-linear, connecting different threads Authoritarianism in the region and the role of the big powers Asking ‘what ifs' in thinking about history 1957 in Lebanon (the rigged elections with US support) and the 1958 events A look into the debates on decolonization, revolutionary nationalism, internationalism, post-colonialism, imperialism, anti-imperialism and state formation Lessons from 1958 for the present day, the example of Iraq How hope is linked to the understanding of time Upcoming book: The Lebanon Uprising of 2019: Voices from the Revolution, co-edited with Rima Majed Learning about revolutions in revolutionary times Book recommendations Coups and Revolutions: Mass Mobilization, the Egyptian Military, and the United States from Mubarak to Sisi by Amy Austin Holmes Oilcraft: The Myths of Scarcity and Security That Haunt U.S. Energy Policy by Robert Vitalis The Politics of Art Dissent and Cultural Diplomacy in Lebanon, Palestine, and Jordan by Hanan Toukan The Paranoid Style in American Diplomacy Oil and Arab Nationalism in Iraq by Brandon Wolfe-Hunnicutt Winning Lebanon: Youth Politics, Populism, and the Production of Sectarian Violence, 1920–1958 by Dylan Baum Banking on the State The Financial Foundations of Lebanon by Hicham Safieddine Resources mentioned/that are relevant 07. Denying Genocide, from Halabja to Ghouta with Sabrina Azad 14. Revolution, disenchantment and the Lebanese New Left with Fadi Bardawil

TRT World’s Daily News Brief for Tuesday, April 20th: *) Jury in Derek Chauvin's murder trial begin deliberations A verdict in the trial of Derek Chauvin, the former cop who's accused of killing George Floyd, is expected soon. The jury will now deliberate over Chauvin's innocence or guilt after attorneys from both sides rested their cases. Floyd's death sparked mass demonstrations in and outside the US against police racism and brutality. *) ASEAN bloc under pressure to end crisis in Myanmar UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres and his predecessor Ban Ki-moon have urged the ASEAN bloc to help find a peaceful solution to the crisis in Myanmar. Pressure is on the bloc, which is hosting Myanmar's junta leader at its annual summit this weekend. The junta is ramping up its efforts to quell mass anti-coup protests against its ousting of civilian leader Aung San Suu Kyi, with at least 737 civilians killed and the press increasingly under attack. *) US: Military build-up near Ukraine larger than 2014 The US has called on Moscow to reverse its build-up of forces along its border with Ukraine. The Pentagon says the stationing of 100,000 troops there is larger than what Russia sent to annex the Crimean Peninsula in 2014. Tensions between Moscow and Kiev have been rising amid the military build-up and clashes in eastern Ukraine between the army and pro-Russian separatists. *) Victims file a case in Sweden over Syrian chemical attacks Lawyers representing victims of chemical weapons attacks in Syria have filed a criminal complaint with Swedish police. According to the complaint, the Syrian regime used chemical weapons in attacks on the opposition-held towns of Ghouta in 2013, and Khan Sheikhoun in 2017. Swedish authorities could join France and Germany to jointly investigate the use of chemical weapons in Syria. And finally … *) NASA's Mars helicopter takes its historic first flight NASA successfully flew its Ingenuity helicopter on Mars, the first powered flight on another planet. The triumph, hailed as a Wright brothers moment, saw the mini 1.8kg copter hover at 3 meters above the ground for 39 seconds. Ingenuity's goal is to prove its tech works and can help scientists develop aircrafts that can explore celestial areas that are harder to access by land.

Photographer Bassem Khabieh spent time with children in Syria’s rebel-held area of eastern Ghouta, getting to know them and snapping their photos. In many ways, he tried to stay invisible. Often, he captured them just being themselves: playing in a bouncy castle against the backdrop of a city in ruins. Or, blowing bubbles, looking up at the sky.  Children play inside an inflatable castle during Eid al-Fitr celebration in the Douma neighborhood of Damascus, Syria, June 26, 2017. Credit: Bassam Khabie/Reuters “Children always ask questions,” he said. “They always try to know what I’m holding, about the camera and how it works. They ask me if we will appear on television.” Related: He survived torture in a Syrian prison. Now, he’s set to study in the US.Those everyday moments — amid small birthday parties and Eid al-Fitr celebrations organized by neighbors or just being at home — were precious to him, and too often, short-lived. The regime forces and its supporters targeted neighborhoods where families lived, and his photography reflects the violence and atrocities that people have been subjected to in Syria.  Abu Malek, one of the survivors of a chemical attack that took place in this location in 2013, uses his crutches to walk along a deserted street. Credit: Bassam Khabieh/Reuters A collection of his photos are now published in a book set to be published this spring, “Witnesses to War: The Children of Syria,” which, through his lens and accompanying text, provides an insider’s account of the impact of the Syrian war on children. The volume marks 10 years — this week — since the start of the uprising in Syria. More than 380,000 people have died in the war that has left cities devastated and displaced more than half of the population. Hundreds of thousands are missing. Khabieh’s photos are a window into the war and the unspeakable atrocities that children there have endured.  “We basically owe a debt of gratitude to the work that people like Bassam and several of his colleagues did at the time.”Alia Malek, journalist, former civil rights lawyer and author of “The Home That Was Our Country: A Memoir of Syria”“We basically owe a debt of gratitude to the work that people like Bassam and several of his colleagues did at the time,” said Alia Malek, journalist, former civil rights lawyer and author of the 2017 book, “The Home That Was Our Country: A Memoir of Syria.”Related: Online learning is a big struggle in formerly ISIS-controlled MosulMalek interviewed Khabieh for the book and wrote the introduction.“The regime very much did not want the world to see, did not want the eyes of the world on the ground,” Malek said. “And when the world could no longer come to Syria, these Syrians brought Syria to the world.”Children in Syria Today, Syria is one of the worst places in the world to be a child, according to a report by World Vision International and Frontier Economics. Children have been gassed, killed, orphaned, uprooted and largely left without an education. Of 600,000 killed, 55,000 were children, and a child’s life expectancy has been reduced by 13 years, the report says. The charity Save the Children reports that 1 in 3 displaced children in Syria would rather be living in another country.  Ghazal, 4, (left) and Judy, 7, carrying 8-month-old Suhair, run away after the shelling of a Red Crescent convoy in Damascus, Syria, May 6, 2015. Credit: Bassam Khabieh/Reuters Related: People in northeast Syria are in desperate need of help. Aid groups can’t get to them.Khabieh witnessed their pain and suffering firsthand.“Month by month, I realized that the most vulnerable in this war are the children,” he recalled.Some of his photos are hard to look at — such as the ones showing children running out of buildings that had been hit by bombs minutes before; fathers holding their dead children shrouded in white cloth; and the tearful mother who doesn’t have enough milk to feed her newborn, so instead, sticks her pinky in the baby’s mouth to calm her hunger.  A baby discovered in the rubble after an airstrike is lifted in the air by White Helmets and community members. Credit: Bassam Khabieh/Reuters But Khabieh didn’t always intend to be a photographer. In 2011, during the early days of the revolution in Syria, he was a computer engineering student in Damascus. People went into the streets, calling for the downfall of President Bashar al-Assad.Khabieh, using his cellphone at first, took pictures at protests and funerals, making sure not to get anyone’s faces because they could get in trouble with security forces.“It was very dangerous for anyone to hold a camera, to try to go to the field and report what’s happening in the streets.”Bassem Khabieh, photographer“It was very dangerous for anyone to hold a camera, to try to go to the field and report what’s happening in the streets,” he recalled.He then uploaded the photos to social media with the hope that the world would learn about what was happening in Syria, he said. A boy sits on a tire in front of a mosque’s bullet-riddled facade on the first day of the Eid al-Adha holy day. Credit: Bassam Khabieh/Reuters “I knew how important it is to use photography to document [these] important events for Syrian people,” he said. ‘It’s a playbook’ Khabieh and Malek both said it’s painful that the world saw plenty of graphic photos and videos coming out of Syria over the years, and yet, decided to look away.Related: US targets Assad govt and backers with toughest sanctions yet against SyriaBy ignoring the atrocities in Syria, Malek said, the world sent a chilling message to protesters everywhere that if they rise up against a powerful dictatorship, they are on their own.“I think the thing that people don’t realize is that, yes, this specifically happened to Syria but it’s going to become a kind of playbook. In many ways, it’s a playbook for regimes that want to stay.” Alia Malek, journalist, former civil rights lawyer and author of “The Home That Was Our Country: A Memoir of Syria”“I think the thing that people don’t realize is that, yes, this specifically happened to Syria but it’s going to become a kind of playbook. In many ways, it’s a playbook for regimes that want to stay,” she said. A man hugs his child before the boy is evacuated during a break in the bombing campaign. The negotiations between the government and the rebels holding Eastern Ghouta forced many men to separate from their children and families. Credit: Bassam Khabieh/Reuters Khabieh left Syria in 2018, after the Syrian regime captured Douma, his hometown. He now lives in Turkey. He couldn’t stay in touch with most of the children he photographed, he said. The war separated them.But he thinks about them all the time. “When I look at my pictures, I remember the circumstances and the time and I wonder where are they living now?” Khabieh said.

Nous allons, via une rencontre réalisée à Berlin par notre correspondant Joseph Clément, aller questionner la guerre civile qui a frappé la Syrie à travers les yeux d'une femme médecin, la Dr Amani Ballour. Elle a participé à la révolte et a accompagné des hôpitaux souterrains dans le quartier de la Ghouta aux abords de Damas.

À 17 ans, ils prenaient leurs premières photographies des massacres en Syrie. Abdul et Ameer ont grandi et appris leur métier bien trop vite. Cinq ans - et une vie entière - plus tard, ils photographient ensemble les manifestations à Paris. Le 28 novembre 2020, après des années à avoir esquiver les bombes, Ameer n'a pas pu esquiver le coup de matraque d'un CRS.

Q&A with producers Kirstine Barfod & Sigrid Dyekjær of The Cave. Moderated by Mara Webster, In Creative Company. Amidst air strikes and bombings, a group of female doctors in Ghouta, Syria struggle with systemic sexism while trying to care for the injured using limited resources.

The second half of this show deconstructs the deceitful misrepresentations led by Secretary of State John Kerry on 9/3/2013 in Congressional testimony following the 8/21/2013 ‘crossing of the redline' Syria's Assad government was accused of again with near-complete certainty.

Writer Alexander Mercouris joins host Pedro Gatos to discuss the the Sergei Skirpal poisoning in Salisbury UK on March 4, 2018, and the subsequent punitive measures against Russia with "certainty" of Russian responsibility.

Hidup didunia ini butuh motivasi agar selaras dengan visi dan misi dan melengkapi irama kehidupan hingga akhir hayat Nanti. Tak jarang diri manusia susah menemukan siapa yang dapat dijadikan tempat bersandar, berkeluh kesah, dan meminta tolong didalam kesempitan maupun lapang. Maka dari itu kembali ke dalam lindungannya, mengharap ridhonya, dan mencintai DIA merupakan jalan terbaik untuk bahagia di dunia maupun di akhirat. by : Oemar Mita Syameela. #1MinuteBooster #Semangat Bersaudara #Bersama Menuju Syurga. Diupload oleh Oemar Mita Syameela pada platform Youtube di link berikut : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yD2cbgAluHc&t=2s

This is a conversation with Eliot Higgins, founder and executive director of Bellingcat, an online open-source investigation collective. Bellingcat rose to prominence over its team's investigation of the downing of Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 on July of 2014 by Russian-backed separatists in eastern Ukraine, which killed all 298 passengers on board. The evidence, which linked that group to the Russian army's 53rd Anti-Aircraft Missile Brigade, was later confirmed by the joint investigation team (JIT) which includes the Netherlands, Belgium, Ukraine, Australia, and Malaysia. So I spoke to Eliot about that case and about some of the many investigations that Bellingcat has done in the past six years. Among the cases mentioned are: the Latamneh and Ghouta chemical attacks by the Assad regime in Syria in 2017 and 2013 respectively; ISIS' oil refineries and the environmental and humanitarian catastrophes they've caused; the US bombing of Al-Jineh Mosque in Aleppo in 2017; the Skripal Affair in the UK; the Saudi bombings in Yemen; and Europol's #StopChildAbuse campaigns. One thing I wanted to focus on is how Bellingcat's investigative techniques can be used in both human rights and journalism worlds. So while this episode features a lot of concrete examples, we also spoke about how anyone listening to this podcast can take part in these investigations following well-established and always-developing tools and techniques. If you like what I do, please consider supporting this project with only 1$ a month on Patreon or on BuyMeACoffee.com. You can also do so directly on PayPal if you prefer. Patreon is for monthly, PayPal is for one-offs and BuyMeACoffee has both options. If you cannot donate you can still help by reviewing this podcast on Apple Podcasts or wherever you get your podcasts.

Thank you for downloading the third part of my Istanbul story. If you haven't listened to the first two parts, please do so first. They include my friend Benjy's story growing up in a war torn Syria, what happened to his mother, and his army training at 12 years old. In this episode, he tells the part of his childhood when he and his brother, after witnessing a tragic event, decide to escape from under the regime. It includes: * How the regime and freedom armies changed during the time of the revolution. * When he decided to quit the army and attempted to leave Ghouta and reach Idlib. * How he and his brother went through a gruelling journey to immigrate to Turkey. I will be sharing more tales from my time in Istanbul and the fourth part of Benjy's story in tomorrow's podcast. If you like this podcast please subscribe, rate it (5 stars :) , praise it in the comments, and share it. Thanks! Rob

On this episode of Fault Lines, hosts Garland Nixon & Lee Stranahan talked with guests about recent positive and negative news in the ongoing novel coronavirus crisis, the nature of organizing during the lockdown, and inquired into our country's economic foundations and political dichotomies.Guests:Piers Robinson - Co-Director of the Organization for Propaganda Studies | OPCW Reports & New Hit PieceMedea Benjamin - Co-Founder of Human Rights Group Global Exchange and Peace Group 'CODEPINK' | Community Organizing During LockdownMichael Krieger - Founder of LibertyBlitzkrieg.com, former Wall Street analyst | Our Country's Economic FoundationsTom Luongo - Geopolitical Analyst & Publisher of the Gold Goats 'n Guns Newsletter | Weekly Wrapup and Left-Right Political DichotomyWe were joined by Piers Robinson and Medea Benjamin in our first hour. With Piers we discussed the origins of the accusations that Syria had used chemical weapons on its citizens in Aleppo and in Ghouta as well as more recent developments in the story. With Medea we discussed how her community organizing efforts have changed since the coronavirus lockdowns started.In our second hour we were joined by Michael Kriger for half an hour to talk about the nature of the current financial crisis, the civic liberty problems and panic stemming from the responses to the coronavirus. We also talked about our country's economic foundations and the threat of an impending economic collapse.For our last half hour we were joined by Tom Luongo to talk about the left-right political divide at play in the American political system, a conversation continuing one between Lee and Garland from earlier in the era. We looked at the question of where to draw the line between 'left' and 'right' in American politics -- and if we should even by trying to draw that line at all.

This is a conversation with Sabrîna Azad. She's a writer who published a moving piece for Mangal Media entitled 'From Halabja to Ghouta' in which she looked at how deniers of Assad's war crimes in Syria were evoking painful memories for survivors of Saddam Hussein's genocidal campaigns against Kurds. She spoke about the legacy of the Halabja massacre, part of the Anfal genocide of the late 80s, as well as the 1991 uprisings against Saddam and why they offer better insight into the world's reaction to Syria since 2011 than the more frequently mentioned 2003 invasion of Iraq does. You can follow the podcast on Twitter @FireTheseTimes and Instagram @thefirethesetimes. You can also support it on Patreon @firethesetimes or BuyMeACoffee.com @joeyayoub. Associated blog Post available on TheFireTheseTi.Me https://thefirethisti.me/2020/04/11/07-genocide-denialism-from-halabja-to-ghouta/

Dr. Mohammed is the Founder and President of ManaGene considered one of the most innovative leaders in the emerging personalized medicine and lifestyle genomics space.   In August 2018, ManaGene merged with Youtrients (www.youtrients.me) to form a new company known as The DNA Company. The DNA Company represents the evolution of functional genomics and is focused solely on the optimization of human health and performance.   Dr. Mohammed is widely regarded as a pioneer in medical genomics and has been the recipient of multiple academic and industry awards. He is the holder of several patents in the general fields of molecular diagnostics and genomics research and is one of the most sought-after national and international conference speakers in the genre of personalized medical genomics. In this interview, Lisa and Dr. Mansoor dive deep into the power that lies in understanding your unique genes to change the outcome of your health.   Some take the fatalistic view that if you have a bad gene or combination of genes you are powerless against them so it's best not to know but nothing could be further from the truth. Understanding your genes through DNA testing is like getting the user manual to your body and learning how best to care and treat it. The granularity with which you can start to understand processes and how these affect you and how you impact these is astounding.   This s actionable knowledge that will help you make informed decisions regarding your health in such areas as your hormones, your cardiovascular risk factors, your methylation, your detoxification processes and even your mood and behavior, why for example some have a tendency to more problems around depression or PTSD than others.    Never before in the history of the human species have we had such deep insides into the way our intricate and complex bodies work.    This episode is set to blow your mind and the work of Dr. Mohammed and his team is set to change the future of the world's health. We have the opportunity for the first time to take control of our own destinies rather than falling victim to our genes through a lack of knowledge.   Once you start to see and understand the power of functional genomics you won't be able to go back to the way you understood yourself and your body before. Your level of self-acceptance and the ability to help yourself heal and be healthy and whole will be taken to a whole new level.   If you would like to get your hormones or your whole genomic profile tested you can find out more at www.thednacompany.com    We would like to thank our sponsors for this show:   www.vielight.com   Makers of Photobiomodulation devices that stimulate the brains mitocondria, the power houses of your brains energy, through infrared light to optimise your brain function.  To get 10% off your order use the code: TAMATI at www.vielight.com   For Lisa's New Book Relentless visit the website below to order https://shop.lisatamati.com/products/relentless   When extreme endurance athlete, Lisa Tamati, was confronted with the hardest challenge of her life, she fought with everything she had. Her beloved mother, Isobel, had suffered a huge aneurysm and stroke and was left with massive brain damage; she was like a baby in a woman's body. The prognosis was dire. There was very little hope that she would ever have any quality of life again. But Lisa is a fighter and stubborn. She absolutely refused to accept the words of the medical fraternity and instead decided that she was going to get her mother back or die trying.   For more information on Lisa Tamati's programs, books and documentaries please visit www.lisatamati.com    For Lisa's online run training coaching go to https://www.lisatamati.com/page/runningpage/ Join hundreds of athletes from all over the world and all levels smashing their running goals while staying healthy in mind and body.   Lisa's Epigenetics Testing Program https://www.lisatamati.com/page/epigenetics/ Get The User Manual For Your Specific Genes Which foods should you eat, and which ones should you avoid? When, and how often should you be eating? What type of exercise does your body respond best to, and when is it best to exercise? Discover the social interactions that will energize you and uncover your natural gifts and talents. These are just some of the questions you'll uncover the answers to in the Lisa Tamati Epigenetics Testing Program along with many others. There's a good reason why epigenetics is being hailed as the "future of personalized health", as it unlocks the user manual you'll wish you'd been born with!  No more guesswork. The program, developed by an international team of independent doctors, researchers, and technology programmers for over 15 years, uses a powerful epigenetics analysis platform informed by 100% evidenced-based medical research. The platform uses over 500 algorithms and 10,000 data points per user, to analyze body measurement and lifestyle stress data, that can all be captured from the comfort of your own home   For Lisa's Mental Toughness online course visit:  https://www.lisatamati.com/page/mindsetuniversity/ Developmental strength, emotional resilience, leadership skills and a never quit mentality - Helping you to reach your full potential and break free of those limiting beliefs.    For Lisa's free weekly Podcast "Pushing the Limits" subscribe on iTunes or your favorite podcast app or visit the website  https://www.lisatamati.com/page/podcast/     Transcript of the Podcast   Speaker 1: (00:01) Welcome to pushing the limits, the show that helps you reach your full potential with your host, Lisa Tamati, brought to you by Lisatamati.com Speaker 2: (00:13) Hey team. We're this week I have an absolutely superstar, the world's number one leading functional genomic specialists, Dr. Mohammed from Toronto and Canada. Dr Mansoor, Mohammed has two guests now. He is a scientist and entrepreneur in the field of genomics and is regarded as one of the most innovative leaders in the emerging personalized medicine and lifestyle genomic space. Dr Mohammed is a PhD and president and scientific officer at the DNA company and is really considered to be a pioneer medical genomics. He's a classically trained molecular immunologist who has received academic and industry awards, published numerous papers and holds patients in the general fields of molecular diagnostics in genomics. Now functional genomics is about understanding the DNA and how it behaves in every definition and this Dr. Mentor was very different than many of the other DNA companies that I've looked at recently and that he doesn't just look at the single litters, if you like, of the DNA, but it looks in combinations of genes. Speaker 2: (01:22) And how they're playing out. And this makes him very, very different. This, he sees DNA like a language rather than a vocabulary and language that has grammar, sentence structure, Syntex and nuances. And you've got to be able to read genetic structure at the holistic level. Now I'm super excited about document's all his work and I'm studying functional genomics at the moment and it is the next level in personalized health. I'm really, really excited to bring this interview to you. It's taken me months to get documents or on this podcast and I'm hoping later on the year to get Dr. Mansoor Down to New Zealand for a lecture tour to speak to functional medicine practitioners down here as well as the public. So if you'd like to know more about that, please reach out to me and let me know. I'm just like to remind you before I hand over to Dr. Mansoor that my book launch is happening just next week over the time of this recording is the 6th of March and on the 11th of March. Speaker 2: (02:26) So by the time this recording actually comes out, my book will be live. It's called relentless and it tells the story of bringing my mum back after a major aneurism myth. You're fighting for a life and lift her in and basically not much over a vegetative state. Massive brain damage at the age of 64 and what I did to beat all the odds and bringing my mum back to health, all of the CRPS I used, the protocols, the attitude, the mindset, the obstacles that we had to overcome, the problems that I've discovered in our medical system in on it goes. So this book is really, I'm, I'm so pleased to be able to bring it out. It's taken me two years to get this together and to bring it to the public, but I really want to pay it forward and I want to help thousands and thousands of other people facing difficult challenges to take them are hit on with the right mindset to overcome great obstacles. Speaker 2: (03:18) So if you'd like to check that out, we can head over to my website. I have Lisatamati.com Hit the shop button and you'll see all of my books there and my jewelry collections. But make sure you check out the neatness. It's really going to be worth a read for anyone who has major medical problems at the moment. Or of course anyone who has a stroke aneurysm Alzheimer's dementia, and wants to know about brain rehabilitation or optimizing your brain function and who isn't interested in that as well as the whole mental attitude and mindset that it takes to do all this. So without further ado, over to Dr. Mansoor Mohammed. Well, hi everybody. Lisa Tamati here at pushing the limits. It's fantastic to have you back again. Now I am just grinning from ear to ear. I can't stop smiling because I've been waiting for this interview for weeks. I have a very, very special guest, Dr. Mansoor Mohammed, all the way from Toronto in Canada. Dr. Mansoor How are you going? Speaker 3: (04:17) I am great, Lisa. And likewise, it's been something that I've been looking forward to, to the audience. Please forgive me. I'm a little bit sleepy from Jeff blog from last night, but Lisa has been pumping me up and so we're going to have some fun of this Speaker 2: (04:31) Now. I know what it's like when you're a little bit jetlagged and you have a main very much in demand. So I'm just so excited to have a little bit of time with you now. Dr Mansoor, I do the whole introduction on a separate recording, but dr Mansoor, can you give us a little bit of background about your what you did your PhD in your, your, a little bit of a brief history of your back. Speaker 3: (04:55) Sure. genes. Genetics has always have always been my love. The study of how this operating manual, just just thinking, just, just dialing it back and thinking that the human being, we've got this operating manual that by every definition of the word it behaves like an operating manual. And to think that it's there and to think that one date might be accessible and that we could read this and we could read it intelligently and just simply understand myself much less, much less. Anyone else has always been my love. And so I started, my PhD is in applied molecular genetics and immunology. So I was looking at the genetics of the immune system. I was very, very fortunate to have an awesome mentor. She was then the chair of molecular biology at UCLA invited me to UCLA. So I had an awesome couple of postdocs there where I got deeper and deeper involved in eugenics. Speaker 3: (05:47) But a real pivotal point happened when I was done, invited to come to Baylor college of medicine and Houston, Texas. And it was that heavy time just about the human genome project, its, you know, sort of pinnacle. And I was asked because of the work that I had been doing with UCLA to come over to Baylor and start a company, the goal of this company was to begin looking at multiplex genomics. In other words, to really do the, you know, the barrage searches into the human genome. Not one gene at a time, but looking at the entire genome in pathway type manners. Now initially we applied this knowledge to cancers. We apply this knowledge to developmental disorders syndromes, Prader, Willi syndrome, autistic spectrum disorders and so on and so forth. And about 15 years ago, after many years of doing what I call disease genomics, looking at the operating manual, looking at when the operating money was broken out of what happens from a disease perspective. Speaker 3: (06:45) Then I sort of thought, okay, well that was fun. That was good. That was, but why should I not look at the operating manual? But nothing is purportedly broken, but just the operating manual. So then still we can tell presumptively healthy individuals how to stay healthy or how to get over the type of chronic illnesses. So this is what I've been doing for the last 15 years, studying, researching and applying the knowledge of the human genomic operating manual. So we've been, we can just simply understand it. How does the body work, which clearly there's an individuality to that, obviously. I mean, we are human beings. We all, our cells, our organs, our bodies, all have to accomplish the same jobs that we do. These jobs with nuance differences, some of us less optimal, more optimal, more efficient, less efficient. And when we can zone into that, when we can read this operating manual from that perspective, really Lisa miracles happened with the sort of insights that you get, the nuances that you can tease out. It really has transformed the clinicians. We train the patients, we work with the transforms, it empowers the individual to understand how their body works and what they might do to obtain that optimal health. Speaker 2: (07:59) This is, and this is a super exciting and I can feel your passion coming through despite the jet lag for this area and it's now mind you, passion is of the last maybe two months or six weeks or however long it is now that I've been diving into this world and just going, Oh my gosh. Oh my gosh, this is just, this is just the next level and the information that I've been searching for to try to understand because everything seems so generic. And this a personalized house and yeah, doctor man saw you the president and founder of the DNA company, which is offering direct to public and in conjunction with conditions. A couple of reports. So our full genomic report in a hormone report and I want to tease apart a little bit today, why should people even consider having a look at these, the sort of testing what benefits they can get out of it. Speaker 2: (08:58) And I'd like to also tease a little bit about looking at other, like I've, I've looked at a lot of gene companies and that do gene DNA testing. And you had an analogy on a Bulletproof radio that I heard you on the same show who's amazing Dave and his work that was about the most people are looking at it DNA as a vocabulary and not a language. And that just seems them light bulb up in my head where I realized, okay, so it's not the siloed genes looking at them individually, but looking at cascades and pathways and combinations of genes as we are then interpretation has been missing today. Speaker 3: (09:43) Oh, 100%. So I always say, you know, Lisa, anyone that is in the data business, regardless of whatever data you're collecting, data is really quite dumb. Data in and of itself doesn't mean anything unless you know what to ask of the data unless you know how to triage, how to approach the data. So when we use the analogy as DNA, the operating manual, the genome, it really meets all the classifications and descriptions of a language. Thus far we've been looking at DNA and genetics from a language perspective purely as a vocabulary exercise. The more words we know, the better we presume to think we know the language. And as much as that is important as per the analogy that I drew with on Dave, show a person simply knowing more vocabulary by no means mean they understand the language. And so when it comes to DNA, when it comes to genetics, when it comes to how this awesome operating manual, the architecture of it, it's not just about vocabulary, it's not just about the individual genes. Speaker 3: (10:51) So here are the two layers implicit in your question that we do a bit differently and why we need to do that differently and why it's important that it's done this way. The first is this. When you're looking at the DNA, if the person are either genetic makeup, the vast, vast majority of companies right now, they're looking at things called snips, single nucleotide polymorphisms. In other words, they're looking at places which is absolutely important. They're looking at spelling variations in this operating manual. And of course these spelling variations, these single nucleotide polymorphisms will impart to you mean Jane, Paul, Peter, the same cellular job that we all want to do. These spelling differences can impact the efficiency with which we do that job and that is important to know, but while we're at that point of spelling, you see per any language, if I wrote a paragraph, I might have spelling errors in that paragraph, but there are examples where I may have inadvertently deleted a sentence or deleted a couple of sentences in that paragraph. Speaker 3: (12:00) Now, if the analogy here is that the gene is the paragraph, so your operating manual are these 23 volumes. Think of it. Think of a 23 volume and psychopathic set these awesome, huge volumes. Now we're going to inherit two of these 23 volumes. One from mom, one from dad, and these volumes are properly arranged and when we open up any page, let's say we go to volume three from mum volume three from dad, we open up page four on each of those volumes and we look at paragraph five page four, volume three we, I see the same paragraph. We're going to see the same information from dad's gene paragraphs of genes and mom's gene. We're going to see the same information, but when we look really carefully, when we look at those paragraphs, really collect carefully, we might find that there's some spelling differences. Those are the snips. Speaker 3: (12:57) We may also find that on either dad or mom's paragraph, a sentence was missing and I just taught this over the weekend. So I was in the auditorium and I said, okay, here's an instruction that was waiting for me coming to this auditorium to give this lecture, Dr Mansoor, go to auditorium B and to the left door approach to podium from the right side, press the enter button, begin your lecture. That's an instruction. That's a paragraph. That's an instruction and that's the equivalent of a gene. Now in that paragraph they make has been a few spelling errors or changes that may have confused me a little as to what the instructions are. But when I look at it carefully, I could sort of still figure it out. Okay. But if in that paragraph, the sentence that says go to auditorium B was missing at, of course there are multiple auditoriums, all of the other parts of the instructions are there. Speaker 3: (14:03) But I can really be confused as to what is the ultimate thing that I'm supposed to do. It's called an indel. So in our genes, not only do our genes have slips, many important genes actually have places within them that I'm missing. So until we test for those type of changes, we're by no means getting the full picture of what is happening. The third thing is this, not only do we have slips, not only do we have in Dells, there are occasions where the entire gene is missing is show I'm supposed to show up. I got to the hotel where the conferences are and the instruction just telling me what it's just not even there. So here I'm in the lobby going, I don't know what I'm supposed to do. This example is a genetic phenomenon keeping the analogy, this is called this C and V copy number variation. Speaker 3: (15:03) We see because we were supposed to have two copies of that. Paragraph five page four, volume three. Sometimes believe it or not, when we go to page four we've opened up mum's volume three dad's volume three. There they are. We're going to read both of the instructions cause that's what yourself has to do at any given moment. When there's a job to be done, your cell goes and pulls the volume that has that instruction, takes down a mum's copy, takes down, dad's copy, opens up and reads the instruction. Now in the case of a CMV copying of the variation, we can open up mum's volume three page four there is paragraph one, paragraph two, paragraph three paragraph four paragraph six. Oops, wait a minute. Where's part of our five? It's gone. There's part of four. There's part of six. I look over a dad. He's got all of the paragraphs or vice versa. Speaker 3: (16:02) Sometimes Lisa, both paragraph fives are gone. Okay. So the point of the first answer to your question, why we do things a bit differently is we're not just in the business of collecting data for data's sake. We're collecting data. Are you were doing gene testing to understand a process. When we designed genetic tests, we don't begin with genes. We begin in a whiteboard saying, what is the thing in the human body that we want to study? What is the thing that we want to study? Genetics, just good old fashioned medical textbook, human physiology. Do we want to study the way the newer chemicals are produced and bonding and response? Do we want to study how the human body makes sex hormones? Something we should talk about when it comes to human performance. So how does the male and female body makes progesterones androgens Astros? And then we mapped that out. Speaker 3: (16:56) Forget genetics, which is not about how does the human body do that? No, of course, if the human body's having to do something, then it means there are genetic instructions for that film. So only when we map out the cellular, the cellular biology, the cascade, only when we met that out, then we come in and we pencil it. This gene is responsible for here. This gene is responsible for there such that at the end of the exercise, we've got a genetic test that already tells a story. The result from that genetic test is telling you the entire cascade. Step one, step two. We look at each of those genes that are telling us the story and we ask are these snips that are important? Are there entails that are important? Are the CNVs that are important because all three make a wow. And so the first part to the answer to your question is if you've been looking at genetic tests that are only reporting snips, you are dramatically limiting the variations that you and I and every other person have within our genome. So you're missing the nuances that are in your language to clarify the job to be done. Does that make sense? Speaker 2: (18:16) Absolutely. So that actually puts them together in my head because I've been starting this, I don't know, like for example, the GSTT one gene and the detox and antioxidant pathway, one of those types of genes that can be completely done. Speaker 3: (18:31) Completely. Totally said, absolutely. And of course it belongs to super family. So there are multiple G S T genes, but two minutes on that. If you're going to design the human body and you're going to say, listen, one day we're going to make this thing called human being and we're going to put him or her in this wonderful world, but mind you, he or she is going to have to deal with some toxic insults, both from without and from within. Where would you, and you know that, where would you put your detox defenses? Well, they're about four places. If you're an intelligent designer, you would put your detox, different defenses at least in four places. You would say, how and where do things get into the human body, dermal skin, the nose, nasal Bronxville lung, the GI track. Okay. So those are how things get it. Speaker 3: (19:23) And unsurprisingly you would want to make sure your detox genes and the things that you'd want to make sure there's super active in those places. And then you, you'd also say, well look, at the end of the day, things are always going to get past borders inside of the body, their waste products. So then I'm also going to put a detox organ. The liver, when we go to the human body, this is where we find these detox genes expressing themselves. And each of the GST is have sub specialties. Some of them are more important in the nasal bronchial track, some of them more important in the GI track and so on and so forth. So when you know the story that you want to read about the body, you know how to read the manual and interpret, is the GST T one gene deleted or not? This is a massive implication to the human body. Speaker 3: (20:16) Can you imagine the GSTT one gene is one of, if not the most important bio transforming antioxidizing enzymes in the body per its name and its gene and its enzyme. And if a person doesn't have it, literally it's not in mere manual. The GSTT one gene is on volume 22 and if that paragraph you have not inherited it from either mum or dad, you are missing an enzyme in your body. That is one of the most important detox. Now doesn't mean that you're not compatible with life, but it most certainly means you could not be the person who says, well you know what do you have a metals mean after all they're not that bad. Oh you know what, my uncle smoked until he was 80 years old. I'm going to smoke as well. Well you can't compare yourself to that person cause you don't have one of the most awesome detox genes. Speaker 2: (21:13) You don't have a good defense mechanism. And so like the detox is actually the first port of call before the immune system even does this job. So I'm, I'm excited to get my tests back cause I haven't gotten gotten through the reports yet. I'm, I'm suspecting that I have a problem in my GC jeans because I'm a very young age. For example, I've been the next medic as a, as a severe asthmatic, as a child, and I'm very hypersensitive to smells and anything. So I'm like a Canary one C one, which is theta. Yes, Speaker 3: (21:54) Very important in the liver. Key one PI GSTP one is the one that's really important in your nasal bronchiolar lung cavity. Individuals with a suboptimal P one are at extreme risk of early ectopic asthmas. They're the ones that if they go into the shopping mall, you know, the perfume resection, they've got to avoid the perfume resection. Right? Those are the GSTP ones. Speaker 2: (22:21) Wow. I'm obey. Fascinating to see if that's what comes back. And so if you want it deleted into them, we'll get onto hormones next because I really want to dive into there, but just to, to to look at the GST genes. If you don't have, you either have only one inherited GST, one gene, your mother or your father and you're missing the other ones or you're missing both altogether, are you more likely to have you're more likely to have toxins coming in that you can't deal with as well. And then your immune system is this way or auto-immune or part of the Speaker 3: (22:57) Brilliant, brilliant question. Just before we answer that, I had mentioned there were two layers to differentiate yourself, so just so that we close the chapter on what we do differently. So I'm going to come back and, and so now we will take it forward. We just mentioned that there you have to be mindful of the three different layers of variations, snips in Dalles with pieces of the genome missing and CNVs where the whole gene may be missing. The other quick differentiator, bringing back the analogy of a language, bringing back the story of the human body, it's this, and I told the audience this, there was an audience of clinicians in Phoenix this weekend. I said, have you ever read a really good, you know, suspense novel and not suspense novel, the novel that the author's painting the character and you're thinking he's the bad guy, you know, and he's falling around the heroin and he knows he looks a bit shady. Speaker 3: (23:51) And then until or unless you've read the entire book, you only find out that he was a protector or he was something. He was a guardian and words. He wasn't about that guy. Now what the heck does this have to do with genes? The second player, when we mentioned that we do things differently, we said that DNA is really a language by all of its definitions, with its nuances is this, there are many genes, Lisa, where if you were to look at that gene as a standalone and if you was to look at the genotype of that gene, in other words, what version do you have? You think you have either the best version or the worst version depending, and you may think you have the best version for example, but it is not until you look at a completely independent gene that has nothing to do with this gene, that the version of that independent gene wow colors, whether your actual optimal version of gene a will stay optimal or not. Speaker 3: (24:52) Or conversely, whether you thought you had the suboptimal version of a bad guy, you read the full story, something else tells you what you fought was the bad guy was not the bad guy. Wow. And this is what it's called at peace basis. You see we're all concerned about epigenetics, which is important. FP genetics. How are we reading? Are we actually going to read that paragraph on the page or are we not going to read? That's at the genetics, but nobody's talking about epi. Stacy, this is Stacy. This is often, we've read the page after we've read the paragraph. We cannot yet make a conclusion until we read 10 pages later, 15 pages later, something there. We'll bring it to life. We'll color what we read on page three. Speaker 2: (25:48) Yeah, so, so for example, if you're, if you're looking at a specific gene and it has an, that is say the faster for the sip, 79A1 gene and the hormone a kiss guide. If it's a fast one that's not in and of itself a good or a bad thing. It depends on the other things. It depends on the, so that's what you're meaning. So one of Speaker 3: (26:14) The best examples of that is this, the BDNF gene, the BDNF gene, brain derived neurotrophic factor. What are the most important genes in the brain? Well, in the whole human genome that tells the brain how to secrete this awesome thing that heals the brain. You and I were having a conversation about a loved one, so that loved ones B, D and F was going to be hugely important. And how that loved one recuperated from the challenge that she had met BDNF. Now the beating of gene has an important variation. A snip this time, which is either a G version or a version. Okay. TheG version, Jews and George as in guanine is the optimal version of BDNF, the optimal version. So if you're a GG blessed, that's good. You are naturally predisposed. You have the in Harrods, the innate ability to make more BDNF. Speaker 3: (27:13) And let me tell you that's a good thing. Any which way you slice it. Wow. An independent gene, the TPH to gene the trip to five hydroxylase gene to TPH, two gene, which is involved in how the body deals with serotonin. K two has a sip. It comes in a G version and a T version G as in George T as in Thomas. The G version is considered optimal but hold on. If you happen to be GG fatigue, pH two and GG for BDNF ostensively both those genotypes for each affair genes are optimal, but if you were GG for both, it creates a haplotype. It creates a combination that is an act risk combination and it is, it is the negative combination. It is the, it is the deleterious combination when it comes to certain aspects of human behavior. These individuals, when you're GGGG, they exhibit poor inhibition of negative emotional stimuli. Speaker 3: (28:28) In other words, when something negatively emotionally affects them, their ability to kinship, the ability to say, you know what, I'm not going to focus. I'm not going to hamster wheel constantly play that over and over over again. They haven't, they have a hard time giving up that when something gets under their skin. So to speak emotionally, they have a really hard time getting over it so they have a strong imprint. The memory imprint, very strong EMI, emotional memory imprint and of course the stronger you EMI emotionally memory imprints, the easier you emotional memory recall EMR is because the deeper something is imprinted then the smallest cue. You have a love, you have a partner and you know you love each other to bits, but like human beings, you're going to have your ups and downs. I mean it's where human beings after all, and on one particular evening you were both getting on each other's nerves and she was wearing that beautiful red dress and that was the evening that you both said things you shouldn't have said and it hurts the person who has this phenomena. Speaker 3: (29:36) Whenever he sees his wife, would that red dress down the road, everything's perfect. You, you're going up for a birthday party, you're both happy, it rises back up. He remembers that evening more than he should. It brings back to the surface and vice versa. This is that Paul, inhibition of negative emotional stimuli that lead to profound memory imprinting and therefore profound memory. Recall. The point of all of this and the reason I mentioned this is, and we're going to come back to the GSTT one, was to clarify, you see Lisa, it's not just about even the type of things you're looking for. What matters is the interpretation we sell the combination, we are reading the manual, not just flipping, picking words out. Speaker 2: (30:24) This is we have a calmer is well we are the, the apostrophes are this is someone that is what they would be more prone to PTSD Speaker 3: (30:36) 100 that's the point actually and that is further exacerbated based on the no adrenergic pathway which dramatically increases the risk of PTSD. It is exacerbated based on how quickly they are removing their dopamine and noradrenaline via content. So what happens is you begin to pixelate a picture and you've got a low resolution picture and then the more intelligence information you put in, you start to increase the resolution of that picture. You start to get a clearer picture of the person that you're looking at. But to do so, you've got to know where to pick slate. If I'm trying to get a better look at what Lisa's face look like, I don't really be pixelating your toes. I need to pick slick your face and this, this ability to read intelligently. Lisa, I stress intelligently. Riyadh, human genome. Yeah, that's what we do. We do Speaker 2: (31:35) That is absolutely insane. And they've vacations because yeah, I would have seen, Oh, you've got a G G G is good, but I've just understood that nuance, that combination of things. And now I can't wait to get my reports and my family reports so I could because this helps us also understand like the speed in which you are dopamine is processed and gotten rid off or the speed of which we're saratonin tone and all of these things have a fixed on your personality and that we're not 100% to blame for some of our differences. Speaker 3: (32:12) Oh gosh, no. Gosh, no. In fact, what this needs to do on the one hand, it creates the empathy of appreciating, look, this is how some of this is their predisposition. Now, on the other hand, it is not to create a sense of fatalism. While that's the way I am, I know I have found and I have done. The only thing that I've done, probably somewhat unique and special Lisa, is I have reviewed thousands upon thousands of profiles. In terms of my in the world, most of my peers that work at the level I do would say Dr. Mansoor Probably reviewed the most genomic profiles in the world. I don't know if that's true or not, but I certainly have reviewed several thousand meaning meeting the patient, speaking with their doctor, looking at their health profiles and looking at underlining genetic phenomena to see if we can understand what's going on. Speaker 3: (33:00) You know what I found, at least as a fellow, when you empower a person to understand a predisposition, you, you might think that leads to fatalism, but when you explain the functional reality, it actually does the opposite. It gives the person a sense of ownership and then they can finally say, you know, I have dumped with my entire life, I've been this way and I just, I didn't even know why it was that way. Now that I can even understand what's going on, it gives me some closure. Yes, but it now gives me something to appreciate. I can, I can envision how this is working, how my emotions are working. I can now go, you know what? As soon as I see that stimulus that would have got me on that slippery slope, I'm going to stop. I'm not going to go down that slippery slope because I know if I do, there's no coming back for the next two weeks. Speaker 3: (33:52) So what we've found is that this crew all around it just creates empowerment. Which brings me now to the question that you asked about GSTT one and you are, your connections are on point, Lisa, the connection between the detox mechanism of the body. Here's the threefold, and of course it's a bit more complicated, but it's also remarkable. You can take complex systems, break them down to building blocks and keep the acuity. So there are three building blocks we need to look at when we connect detoxification pathways in the body and the immune system. And the, the only thing missing is the inflammatory system. So the triangulation between toxins and immune responses goes like this. The human body's insulted with whatever. It's insulted with the intentional, the unintentional of our daily lives, those toxins enter the body or they try to enter the body. Step number one, how individually efficient is that person at negating bio transforming, neutralizing those toxins either before they can enter the body, such as in the mucosa of the lung, the alveoli lumen, the the lining of the lung, such as the GI mucosa and so on. Speaker 3: (35:16) And so what can we, can we neutralize it so the toxin doesn't even get into the bloodstream? And of course to the degree that it gets into the bloodstream, can we live a hepatic re detoxified so that at least it does not by you accumulate in the body so that at least it does not reach levels that are unsafe. First step number one now too, there are genes, there are whole gene families, their whole cellular processes, GSTs, glutathione, ionization, UGI, Ts, glucuronidation, methylation, self, phonation and acetylation. These are the major enzymatic steps linked to genetic genes that are responsible for bio transforming neutralizing things in our body, okay? So what we need to do is we say, what is the lifestyle environmental context of the person? What are they getting exposed to? I'll be living in a home that has written with mold, are they living and so on and so forth. Speaker 3: (36:17) Okay, step number one, step number two, how good are they at individually neutralizing those toxins so as to not bio accumulate them to the degree that those, whatever. The answer to that question is we're going to have an individualization and with some individuals are better at getting rid of toxins and others are not. If a person is not genetically, innately efficient, optimal at getting rid of their toxins, then what happens? Well, what do toxins do? Toxins cause cellular inflammation, okay? And they cause inflammation via any number of methodologies. They can inflame cell surface receptors, they can get into the cell and create overproduction of oxidants as they can hamper the energy modules, the mitochondria. That's one of the places you'd never want toxins getting to. And of course they can get into the nuclear eye. They can get into the libraries of the operating manual and they can start to change gene expression. Speaker 3: (37:23) So toxins do all of these things. Ultimately, you see Lisa 15 not even 15 years ago, 10 years ago, if you told that a medical conference, there's this concept of inflammation. You'd have a lot of professionals. Well, come on, you gotta be more specific than that. We actually now know that there is a phenomena called chronic inflammation, and regardless of what stimulated that inflammation, bat bacterial toxin B, it's an inorganic chemical. It be it a physical inflammation. It does not matter the way the sun looks, the way the cell begins to behave when it has been insulted with toxins, with exposures, remarkably is the same regardless of the stimulus. Because chronic inflammation has hallmarks that are similar regardless of the stimulus. Now at that juncture, when the cell is inflamed, when the machinery in the cell isn't doing the job that it's meant to do properly, that cell now starts to be like this pulsing red thing just by analogy. Speaker 3: (38:35) In other words, the body is looking at it going, something's happening in there. It's not behaving the way it should. Okay, so now we're going to have two steps. The body now has an anti inflammatory set of steps to quiet us, to bring the cell back into line cause they Whoa, Whoa, hold on. You're starting to misbehave. There's too much inflammation. This is where it's selling the process known as methylation comes in. Cellular methylation can be viewed. It's a detox reaction by the way, but it is a cellular cascade that is radically responsible for bringing your soul from that humming, inflamed, you know, ticking bomb type of modality back down to acquire essence behavior. That's cellular methylation. Now, to the degree that you're able to do that, because suddenly methylation is a multigene cascade, multiple places where things could be not as optimal as we would like. Speaker 3: (39:36) So to the degree that we then triage, we stratify the patients based on their detox potential. We then stratify them based on their anti inflammatory potential. Now, to the degree that we are not quite yessing that chronic inflammation, this is where the immune system can be activated. Immune system was meant to be activated in acute episodes, not chronic episodes. The more you ask the cell to produce antibodies, IgG, IGA is IGMs, particularly IgGs. The more you keep telling that the body pump out IgG, something's not working right, something is there, which is why chronic infections are now very well understood to be linked to autoimmune diseases. The infection did, did not go away, constantly demanded of the body to produce antibodies. And somewhere along the line those antibodies begin to forget what was the bacteria or what and what was the self. And now we just start shooting friend and foe alike. Wow. This is the triangulation that has become now a focal point of so many diseases. Some diseases being more relevant to the whole, you know, things like lying disease. Do you guys have lung disease down in New Zealand? Speaker 2: (41:05) I think, yes, we do. And I think you know we have a massive problem with like thyroid, Hashimoto's sort of autoimmune diseases, crones, IVs. So this is, this is where the body is actually going in overdrive. So the, the original detox genes haven't been able to do their job because combination. Speaker 3: (41:26) There's that one. Exactly. There's inflammation. Yup. Speaker 2: (41:33) Yes. Speaker 3: (41:33) Methylation didn't do the job that was supposed to do and now we're triggering. So there are meta-analyses meta-analyses that show the deletion of the GSTT one gene or overall poor Ghouta finalization has been strongly linked with ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, IBD, strongly linked with ectopic asthma, particularly GSTP one in early childhood asthma. Then of course, if you, if you double down on poor math on poor detoxification with poor methylation, you really start seeing Speaker 2: (42:10) Clinical outcome. Yes. Yeah. So, so if we then we, we, we find out all this about ourselves. We find out we've got either the good or the bad and the ugly. And these combinations are not ideal. Then how, you know, we've got this information now, now we want to know what the heck do I do about this? I can't change my DNA. Of course, all things that these reports that your company does, for example, where it can actually lead to some successful outcomes. Obviously avoiding cigarette smoke or exhaust folk tunes and things your GPS deleted. But, but beyond that, nutraceuticals, new nutrients what can be done to help people. Speaker 3: (42:52) So it starts with, so the first thing I would have to say is we take our reports only so far. So the actual report, we take it to the point of explanation of what's happening. And there are certain recommendations, but the real magic must still come from a trained population, you know? So what, so what we do is through also training a certain class of healthcare providers. We might call them the, the new modern day biohackers. The healthcare providers who are really sniff, they're no longer just, you know, pill pushers. They're looking. So I just wanted to clarify. We take the reports, we explain the systems, we explain what's happening, but we also have to be careful so that people aren't jumping to conclusions and self-treating based. So you still want to have someone who understands the bigger picture. And by the way, that's the second part of what our company does. Speaker 3: (43:47) As per my travel schedule, I'm constantly traveling, teaching people, teaching auditoriums full of doctors who are now saying, listen, if I keep practicing medicine the way that I'm practicing, I'm just dealing with a disease population. I'm not healing people. Okay, so with that minor clarification, now we come to, let me paint a picture, paints a thousand words not to be, you know, blahzay here's what I like people to picture and here's what you would want to picture for yourself. Lisa. Picture slide. Okay, so there's a slide your screen, okay, and a circle. And then picture a circle on that screen somewhere on your screen. There's a circle. Now because you're a human being, your circle is going be on the screen. In other words, this is the screen of all human beings and your circle, you, your circle is somewhere on the screen or what does the circle represents? It represents your genetic makeup, which represents a part of your genetic makeup for whatever biochemical process we were studying. So this circle is Lisa's genomic pathway. Okay. Speaker 3: (44:56) I want you to then think of an equilateral triangle that equal three sided triangle that just perfectly encompasses your circle just perfectly. Your circle is perfectly encompassed just right in that triangle. And the emphases of this triangle are labeled environment, lifestyle and nutrition. Yes. What we're learning and what we're recognizing more and more is other than extreme cases, other than extreme cases, and there are mind you extreme cases where a particular genetic combination was really just a real doozy. And in other words, we're going to see some, you know, with the best of efforts, we're going to see some probably deleterious outcomes. Fair enough. But other than those extreme cases, for the vast majority of us, the spite, any inefficiencies we might have if we find the right triangulation of lifestyle, nutrition and lifestyle, nutrition and environment. If we could figure that out and it perfectly matches, I would circle. Speaker 3: (46:08) This is optimal health. So image, the image of optimal health is when you can find your genomic makeup, your circle for whatever you're studying and contextualize it perfectly within the right for you. For Lisa Laughlin, sir, not for Joanne Felisa. What is leases? Optimal lifestyle, nutrition and environment. Now the problem is, Lisa, when we begin working with a patient, obviously and clinicians with their patients, the vast majority of individuals, they do not know their circle. They don't know what's the economic influence. So they don't, and if you don't know your circle, your triangulation, choices of lifestyle choices, nutrition choices, and environmental choices offers skewed and they are not synergistic with your circle. So first objective of this, did you get that picture? Do you know when people say, well, it depends on your genes, your genes. It depends on how you're using your body. If you are, if you took, if you took five identical individuals, they were, you know, quintuplets identical, contemplative. Speaker 3: (47:27) If such a thing exists in today, the same genes and you give those five people at 35 years old, the exact diet. But if those five, one of them was an ultra marathon runner and extreme sports enthusiasts, the other was a couch potato, I don't know, doing whatever the other was a, you know, an accountant who had a nine to five job. We can exercise worrier, but from Monday through Friday really just goes to work, comes home, eats, goes to that and so on and so forth. Even with the same jeans, you can put the nutrition and an obviously not expect the same outcome because they got to know the genomic legacy. You've got to know what is the lifestyle context, what is the nutritional context, what is the environment or context? If one of the things quintuplets moved from your gorgeous country and move to massive metropolis with, you know, air quality, that breathing for one day is the equivalent of smoking a pack of cigarettes in your beautiful country. Speaker 3: (48:36) He or she may have gotten away with a GSTT one or GSTP, one suboptimal ability. He's living in those, you know, that wonderful country views. He's practicing otherwise good, not eating foods with pesticides and herbicides and so on and so forth. And he was going about life actually, not really realizing there was any suboptimal ability until one day his job took him to a big metropolis somewhere. He lost track of the quality of his foods. He's just so busy. He's day in, day out breathing the equivalent of a pack of cigarettes and then six months into this, all things ELLs as equal, his jeans are equal, but he now starts to show symptomologies that he would never have had any different environment and a nice clean environment. Right? So this triangulation is so important. Now coming back to the specifics, once we understand the pathways, we begin first with the dose. Speaker 3: (49:31) It may seem simple, but it actually enters Lisa into, it's not just about the obvious things that you might imagine. I give the example, Lisa, and by the way, it's relevant to the GSTT one gene. Now, juice, TT. Let's focus on the T one. It's the big sister in the glue, the fine fabric. So GSTT one no, it's what's called a phase two detox pathway. Phase two detox. Because when it talks and enters the human body, we typically go through two steps. We take toxin a, we converted into an intermediate B. Yup. We take B further, convert that to C. C is what leaves the body, the B to C part of the transformation. That's where the GSTs come in. The a to B. This is where your cytochrome P four 50s come in. That's the phase one. Bio transforming enzymes. Now if I were to ask you something, when you say fiber to say, would it be a good practice for person to start drinking a nice cup of green juice? Speaker 3: (50:38) You know, like some juice, juice, broccoli and some maybe put a little bit of a baby spinach in there. A bit of ginger, maybe some cute, cute curcumin at the end of it. Would that be a really healthy drink? Yes. Something I do every day. Beautiful, beautiful. And it is healthy generally speaking. So now someone puts a blog together giving this recipe of something that's ostensibly so healthy and there's this mechanic who works in a shop all day with fuse and so on and so forth. He read this blog, she read this blog and she decides that before she goes to work, she's going to have this beautiful juice. This green juice that they read was so healthy and it was a detox juice and they feel good about themselves. Hold on, hold on. Many of the ingredients and not green juice. Many of the ingredients in that green shoes turn on certain phase one sip four 50 enzymes so as to accelerate the conversion of a to B. Speaker 3: (51:54) Now some of the toxins a that this mechanic was facing in her shop, in the, in the, in the mechanic shop that she was working at, when she converts a to B, we know that the B, the intermediate is truly more toxic than wow. And by the way, she did not know she was a GST one deleted individual. Oh, so what did we do to this young woman? We encourage the things that is that we're getting into her body. When she drove that beautiful healthy green juice, she more rapidly converted her A's into B and then ups B's and to CS very well. Wow. Even something that would ostensibly be really healthy by normal standards. Do you see that's a healthy nutrition on the triangle, but we did not ask what was the environment on the triangle and so now we have skewed her triangle away because her genetics circle, she does not have the GSTT one. Do you get that picture? This is a little bit frightening for people who are listening to this or who might be going well, what's the point being? Speaker 3: (53:16) This is weird. The reports have the super value, isn't it? That's the point. It's, it's actually not discouraging. It's, it's finally, and this is all gold. It's finally meant to unravel those nuances that there is such a thing. Have you been? How many of us, you know, we do something that 20 or the coworkers swore was the best thing since sliced bread and then we tried it and not only did it not work, we actually felt like crap or less healthy, and we, we're all aware of this until it's what is it led? It's led for most of us to become numb. We're just kind of get to that point where we're like, well, I don't know what's right for me or run for me. Plus today it says one thing tomorrow it says another thing. So creating some sanity from this confusion is what this goal is about and it can be done. Speaker 3: (54:11) Lisa, when you take your time to read things, intelligent meals, explain things. That's why we've got these epiphany moments that constantly, I like my consults with patients because I feed off of the energy. When a patient just, you see that epiphany admission and they light up and they go, Oh, that's why this hasn't been working with. That's why that was better for me. That's why I took methyl B12 because everyone's telling me methyl B12 is the best version. But every time I take methyl B is it just in my head. I get a headache every time I take micro B12 I get a, and then I go, no, actually I got one too. I can't take methyl before. That's an actual thing. I can't take methyl B12 because my methylation cascade is inconsistent with me taking methyl Beto when I take a dental Sobe 12. Oh, completely different. Speaker 2: (55:07) Wow. So this is getting really granular for each individual. And this is what makes me so excited. And, but before we go on, we have to go and cover off the hormone report. This is something that I and, and this is, you know, for me and any woman, but I wanted to focus a little bit more in on the woman. We've got very complicated hormones, households, but this was the cascade for men and women is very, very similar, isn't it? Yes Speaker 3: (55:33) It is. It's just remarkably, this is what we taught at the cost on the weekend after introducing genomics, it was the first open to eyes that the cascade, the circadian rhythm with which the human body converts progesterones into androgens, androgens to estrogens, men, we do not have a monopoly over androgens. Women, you do not have a monopoly over estrogens. In fact, your estrogens come from androgens. Men, we have estrogens. It's just a matter of the circadian rhythm. When is it happening? How quickly is it happening? And of course, ultimately how much of any of these hormones are produced. And then the final component is how responsive are you, the the woman's body, all things equal. She's designed with the estrogen receptors to be more responsive to estrogen. She responds to androgens as well. Conversely, for men. Now keep in mind something as simple as, I can't believe how many clinicians do not realize how an androgen or estrogen receptors. Speaker 3: (56:32) Now let's stop there for this cascade. We can talk about all of the things about how hormones are produced and how they're metabolized and so on and so forth. But ultimately, how is estrogen affecting your body? Lisa, you're a young woman. You're making estrogen as if you're menstruating or if you want hormone replacement, there's likely some estrogens in your body, one way or the other when estrogen binds to your estrogen receptor. And to the degree that that can happen, mind you, because there are variations to that fidelity, this complex estrogen. So the estrogen receptor androgen to Stastrom, DHT to the androgen receptor. These complexes are some of the most potent DNA transcribing complex. They go into the nucleus and the churn on genes. This is how estrogen and testosterone impacts the human body. They live. They're not just, I don't know, causing breast development or, or, or, or Andrew demise in the book. Speaker 3: (57:39) They do that by churning on the genes that cause the cells to behave in a more underutilized manner or more estrogen. So the first thing I want, our audience needs, our clinicians, we need to re re climatize reacquaint ourselves with that. These hormones potently DNA transcribing, they go into the nucleus and they turn on and off genes. That is why they are not to be dealt with trivially. Number one. Number two, in a menstruating woman. Now I just told you when estrogen enters a cell, I did binds its receptor. It's not just staying in the, in the Maloo of the South, it's going in to the volts, the nuclear volts and churning on and turning off genes. Wow. When you look at the ministerial cycle of, of a, of a relatively normal, repeatable menstrual cycle, you will notice something radically important over the course of 28 days. Speaker 3: (58:43) The human female body isn't exposed to estrogen at the same amount every day, not at all. The human female body in 20 days only has about a six day or so window in which your estrogens that are really elevated and then it comes down. In other words, what is this telling us from a human biology perspective? It's saying that the type of gene expression changes the epigenetic phenomena that estrogens cause on your operating manual. You don't want that to be consistent and constant across the month, and this is very frightening when you look at contraceptive pill or hormone replacement therapy. So it's most certainly very frightening. That is not, let me be clear. That is not to say that there isn't a place or a time for these things. You know they are absolutely a young woman has to have the right to how she treats her body and what she does. Speaker 3: (59:47) But there is a place in time you at least be equipped, at least be empowered before you make this decision as to a knowing what it's doing for you. Say, okay, look for these few months of my life, for these couple of years of my life, this is going to be a bit more important that I take these precautions, for example, but you should know that to do so indefinitely, month after month, year after year. Now they've got clinicians encouraging young woman not to even have a bleed through. There's no point for even the bleed. So just stay on the, you know, constant level, 24 seven three 65 15 years. How is this compatible with normal human physiology? When you understood what I just said? Yep. Now let's go a step further than that. You see estrogens do what we just said. They bind their receptors, they go into the cell so they go into the nucleus. Speaker 3: (01:00:47) They change gene expression as they're meant to for brief periods during the month. Fair enough. Now, once those estrogens have done what they've done for those days, then the point of it is there's a circadian rhythm. The body breaks down those estrogens metabolizes them by a transforms them so that they're no longer active. They've been neutralized, and then we hit repeat, rinse and repeat, and we start a new cycle. But here's the point. Every a woman, Lisa, every a woman, a man for that matter, but let's focus on the ladies when she made her estrogens or she took her estrogens, because even whether you take it or whether you make it innately or you take it, it doesn't matter. You've got to metabolize the estrogen. Now, every young woman can metabolize estrogens into three byproducts. I estrogen 400 Z estrogen, 16 hours for hydroxy estrogen. Every human being does this, and this is a crucial point. Speaker 3: (01:01:49) Absolutely. But these three metabolites do not impact yourselves in the same way you say. If you thought of it, you've made the estrogen small window. Now you want to neutralize it so that the body isn't under its constant influence. So you want this metabolite, this estrogen, this hub light to have lost bind to the receptor. You want it to last. It's estrogen Ising properties. Lo and behold, four estrogen, one of those three metabolites retains the ability to bind the estrogen receptor. In fact, some studies show it might be an even more potent comm when it, when it binds and it creates this, this common, a tutorial, Leiden and receptor, it's DNA. Transcribing effects are even more potent, much like the analogy between DHT and the androgen receptor versus testosterone. DHT dihydrotestosterone, which is a metabolite of testosterone, has a higher potency binding affinity to the androgen receptor. Speaker 3: (01:03:00) Four hydroxy estrogen is to the estrogen receptor as DHT is to the androgen receptor. Wow. The ability innate tendency of a young woman when she's faced with estrogens to make either the two hydroxy which is considered protective because has lost or the four hydroxy that inmate differentiation is radically genetically determinable. Now, if something as simple as that, Lisa, when you stitch these things together, when you understand, look, estrogen should be my body needs security and rhythm. I do not want estrogen is constant. When I break down those estrogens, I want my body to have had a break from them. And you did not know whether you were four hydroxy dominant or not. If you had a tendency to make more of the four hydroxy than the two and why is four hydroxy so naughty? Three reasons. A, it binds the estrogen receptor, not giving your body a break from the estrogen ization one to four hydroxy estrogen if you are not flushing it out of the body and how do you flush out for drugs, the estrogen through methylation, the comp gene, which is catechal methyl transfers an oops. Speaker 3: (01:04:29) Can you imagine if you were innately genetic info, hydroxy dominant and have the slow comps because now you're making too much four hydroxyestrone you have a tendency to do so. You do not have the enzymatic ability to get rid of it. Now you buy your stagnate, your four hydroxy Astrid. Do you know what full hydroxy estrogen does other than binding the estrogen receptor and Quinones? Quinones? Listen, my God, you're speaking more than some of the best medical biologists that I've spoken to. So the, the decompose into Quinones and do you know what Quinones do? They get into your DNA. They stick to, they are mutagens. They stick to your DNA, causing the DNA to not be able to unravel and repair itself and by the Quinones then cause accidents. So here's what you don't want to be. You don't want to be the young woman who is genetically predisposed to overly produce four hydroxy estrogen simultaneously, have a poor comp, simultaneously, have a low GSTT one GSTP one, which was the thing, Quinones, and then have a poor mitochondrial superoxide dismutase or antioxidation to get rid of the oxidants Speaker 2: (01:05:52) And add to that. You're in your forties or your 50s and you're making more EstroZen, Speaker 3: (01:05:57) Which is a breast tissue because it's not in the liver anymore. The liver organ, at least it was designed for that type of metabolism. You're doing this in the breasts, you know, God forbid. Okay, Speaker 2: (01:06:10) This is where the cancers can come in Speaker 3: (01:06:13) This is weird and just why we have the the epidemiologic rise during that shift where the woman's body shifts from doing that grunt work in her liver, which was designed for it to doing that grunt work in such as breast tissue, cervical tissue, an ovarian tissue and so on and so forth. Which of course the human body, the female body does not express estrogen receptors, the same level for every cell type. You know, when you were, we lobby at nine years old and you could have gone outside, you know, flat chested like any other boy and you know, and then when, when men awe kits and the body changed your elbows and forms didn't change, it was suitable zone. Those are the zones that have more estrogen receptors. Speaker 2: (01:07:03) And this is so this is how we can see like when you're looking at the phenotype, if we can go look like the the the hormone cascade just for people that are listening, it's going from producer owns and pregnenolone's into testosterone's which can sometimes go into DHT and which then go into the estrogen. Is thrown in your estradiol if you're pregnant when you're older you have more strokes coming in which are, that's coming from the the other top of testosterone isn't it? One on one and then it's means a lighter than these three path rates into the two hydroxy four h

Bobby Ghosh, the Bloomberg opinion editor, joins Christiane Amanpour to discuss the tensions between presidents Donald Trump and Emmanuel Macron, as they meet in London for NATO's 70th summit. Gülnur Aybet, senior adviser to Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdogan, unpacks the criticism Macron levelled at Erdogan over Turkey's offensive in Syria. She defends the apparent blocking of the NATO defense plan for the Baltics and Poland. Shirin Neshat, Iranian artist, and Hadi Ghaemi, executive director of the Center for Human Rights in Iran, explain the importance of defending artist freedoms in Iran amid the ongoing protests that have seen more than 200 killed. Our Hari Sreenivasan sits down with Feras Fayyad, the Emmy Award-winning director, to discuss his new film of "The Cave" which documents the work of Syrian doctor Amani Ballour as she managed an underground hospital in Ghouta, outside Damascus.

The challenge of writing about war is to take stories and experiences that are almost beyond language and put them down on paper. Take part in an intimate evening showcasing recent work by two extraordinary writers, who will discuss how and why they grapple with writing about the harrowing reality of war. British-Pakistani writer and The New York Times columnist, Mohammed Hanif will discuss his latest satirical novel, Red Birds. This dark comedy sheds light on the ugliness of war by following the unlikely journey of a teenage refugee and a philosopher dog. Palestinian-Syrian writer and human rights activist Kassem Eid will introduce, My Country: A Syrian Memoir, a book that recounts his experiences in the Syrian Civil War where he joined the free Syrian Army and experienced the 2013 sarin gas in attack in Ghouta first-hand. This event is presented in partnership with UNSWriting and Adelaide Writers' Week and supported by the Goethe-Institut.

Sally Warhaft and Kassem Eid on stage at the Wheeler Centre In 2013, Kassem Eid narrowly escaped death when Bashar al-Assad's government unleashed a now-infamous sarin gas attack on Ghouta, Syria. It wasn't just sarin: the area was also bombarded by mortar fire. At least 1500 people died. Eid didn't, but the devastating assault irreversibly injured his community and upended his life. Since its beginnings during the Arab Spring uprisings of 2011, the war has claimed tens (some say hundreds) of thousands of lives. It has made refugees of more than ten million people, including Eid – an activist and journalist, himself born to Palestinian refugee parents. In this episode, the author of My Country: A Syrian Memoir speaks with Sally Warhaft about his life, the history of the conflict and how he understands the prospect of it ending. They discuss the Syria he grew up in, the Syria he fought for, and the Syria the world abandoned. Kassem Eid's visit was supported by Goethe Institut Australia.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

It’s always been a challenge to conduct independent research and journalism in Syria, where the government’s network of secret police and informants tightly monitor all conversations. Since the uprising and conflict that began in 2011, it’s only become harder to gather information in Assad’s Syria. Nabih Bulos, a staff writer for the Los Angeles Times, discusses the difficulties of reporting on the Syrian conflict from government-controlled areas. He recently travelled to the Syrian cities of Damascus, Mhardeh, and Quneitra, as well as to the Ghouta region. On this episode of TCF World, Nabih speaks about the challenges of entering the country; what Assad’s government hopes to gain from allowing foreign journalists to enter; and the regime’s ability to control the flow of information. He also discusses life in Syria for ordinary citizens, as well as the challenges Assad faces in constructing a post-civil war order. Participants: Nabih Bulos, Los Angeles Times Thanassis Cambanis, The Century Foundation Michael Wahid Hanna, The Century Foundation

Autour du monde de l'actu cette semaine, le saké pour sauver l'économie de Fukushima, un projet vidéo pour la mémoire de la Ghouta orientale ou encore la liberté de la presse au Mali... Sans oublier les Polonais volants dans notre journal des sports. On vous éclaire sur les relations Ethiopie-Erythrée, on vous fait voyager avec vos oreilles de l'autre côté de la Manche et on profite des Gilets jaunes pour réviser les révolutions d'autour du monde. Bonne écoute ! Sources : RFI, Jeune Afrique, El Pais, Le Soleil, La Prensa (Panama), El Siglo, EcoTv Panama, La Nacion (Chile), Infobae, France 24 en espagnol, RCN, El Espectador, CNN, New Strait Times, Malay Times, Japan Times, Channel News Asia, The Nation (Thailande), Liberté Algérie, Algérie Focus, El Watan, Jeune Afrique, Lecommercedulevant.com, L'orient le jour

Future Syria: a view from women on the inside While many Syrians are still struggling with horrors, occupation and continued displacement, some Syrian refugees have also started returning. But to what country and future to they return? Five Syrian women from a range of backgrounds, all fighting for journalists and civil society to be heard, are in The Hague to talk about the state of their country and the position of women in it. Did Assad win? Is it really safe enough to go back as some media say? What should be the Dutch position in the rebuilding of their country and how can Dutch policy makers and NGO’s best support female activists? The women who lived under IS rule, regime rule and outside Syria the last few years share their stories and opinions and show short films on women activism in Syria. All of them suffered oppression but are still working to build a better Syria through a variety of civil society initiatives. About the speakers Nairouz Al Zoubi is from Daraa and worked as an English teacher for 14 years. She has works with the Women Now organization managing an empowerment program working with women from Ghouta, Idlib and Daraa. She has been selected to attend a workshop in Germany to talk about women struggle for justice and gender equity. Rania Ali was raised in Raqqa and fled to Kobani, her family’s hometown, after ISIS took over the city. When the terrorist group then laid siege to Kobani, she fled to Turkey, and eventually arrived in Austria, where she resides today. Rania helped create a documentary film on her journey, which was published on the website of The Guardian. Heba Al-Mohamad is also from Raqqa, where she lived for over a year under IS-control. She is currently a field coordinator in Raqqa Governorate for Euphrates, a Syrian NGO. Heba studied medicine at the University of Aleppo, though she was forced to leave in her fourth year after being detained by the regime due to her activism. Judy Bolous is a journalist based in Damascus, where she works for local media outlets. She has been arrested by the regime twice. She previously attended a Dutch-funded IWPR training, and she now contributes to IWPR’s Liberated T campaign. Zaina Erhaim is a Syrian journalist who received multiple awards and was proclaimed one of the hundred most powerful Arab women by Arabian Business and Unsung Heroes. The past five years she has worked as Syrian project coordinator for IWPR, for which she trained more than 100 media activists. Moderator is Petra Stienen. About this programme: This event is initiated by IWPR and Humanity house and part of a tour organized by the IWPR and funded by the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs. For the past ten years IWPR has helped amplify the voices of women throughout Syria. The organization provides training, equipment, mentorship and small grants to civil society organizations and individuals who strive for a tolerant, democratic Syria.

Syrian analyst Ehsani returns to the show to talk about the latest developments in the Syrian war, with a focus on the Idlib deal, Turkey’s role in the war, perspectives from Syrians, and the prospects for recovery. Ehsani is a Syrian American originally from Aleppo. You can find his social media analysis and discussion about Syria on Twitter at @ehsani22. He has also written for the Syria Comment blog under the pseudonym, “Ehsani”.   We are independent media and we rely on your contributions. Patreon: patreon.com/aroundtheempire Donations: aroundtheempire.com. FOLLOW @aroundtheempire. SUBSCRIBE/FOLLOW on iTunes, iHeart, Spotify, Google Play, YouTube, Facebook. Recorded on October 2, 2018. Music by Fluorescent Grey. Photo: By Jamen Schahoud at the English language Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0   Reference Links: Ep 34 An End to the Syrian War feat Ehsani (9/20/17) Ep 45 Ghouta, Afrin and Eastern Syria feat Ehsani (3/27/18)

We are joined by the independent journalist, photographer and peace activist Vanessa Beeley, for an in-depth interview on the war in Syria and the so-called "Syria Civil Defence" (a.k.a The White Helmets). Vanessa, who has braved several fact-finding trips to Syria in the last few years, works to defend the sovereignty of nations against foreign intervention and interference, and promotes the self-determination of their peoples. She is frequently published at 21st Century Wire and Mint Press News and was a finalist for one of the most prestigious journalism awards – the 2017 Martha Gellhorn Prize for Journalism – whose winners have included Robert Parry, Patrick Cockburn, Robert Fisk, Nick Davies and the Bureau for Investigative Journalism team. (For show notes please visit http://themindrenewed.com)

We open this Monday with the latest in Syria as Pro Assad forces are being blamed for a deadly chemical weapons attack in Ghouta near Damascus.  We have seen these type of attacks before and they always seem to be blamed on the wrong people for the purposes of war and this time is no different.  We talk about the Truth behind these attacks and ask the question what will President Trumps respnse be?  London Mayor Sadiq Khan is taking action on the rising violence by implimenting an anti-knief program.  Anto- Semitism is on the rise in France and throughout Europe, we cover this and much more!

Nepnieuws bezorgt de platforms grote imagoschade, maar het lukt Facebook en Google maar moeizaam om het fenomeen te beteugelen, merkt techredacteur Nando Kasteleijn. Verder vandaag: Abdou Bouzerda van Bureau Buitenland vertelt hoe belangrijk Oost-Ghouta van president Assad is en Vaticaankenner Stijn Fens sprak met de schrijver van het boek 'Eten met Franciscus'.

1-La commissione europea ha pubblicato la sua bozza di accordo sulla Brexit: il Nord Irlanda rimarrebbe nell'unione doganale...Dura reazione di Theresa May: “la proposta di Bruxelles viola la nostra integrità territoriale” (Maria Maggiore).2-“Siamo pronti a negoziare con i Taleban senza precondizioni”.Il governo di Kabul tende la mano alla guerriglia dopo 16 anni di guerra. Cambierà qualcosa? (Claudio Bertolotti, analista strategico ISPI).3-“A Ghouta i medici devono scegliere chi salvare e chi lasciar morire”. La testimonianza di un'organizzazione che supporta i medici siriani nelle zone controllate dai ribelli (Mohamad Katoub, Syrian American Medical Society).4-I big data al servizio della repressione cinese. In Xinjiang il governo di Pechino usa le ultime tecnologie digitali contro il presunto rischio dell'estremismo islamico (Gabriele Battaglia).5-Progetti sostenibili: l'agricoltura intensiva in Almeria, nel sud della Spagna (Fabio Fimiani).6-Graphic Novel: Una vita esemplare, di Daniel Pennac e di Florence Cestac (Maurizio Principato)

..1-”"Saremo i giovani di cui leggerete nei libri di testo”: dopo la strage nella scuola di Parkland, in Florida, cresce la mobilitazione degli studenti americani contro la lobby delle armi. ( Roberto Festa) ..2-Siria: l'onu chiede una tregua immediata a Ghouta orientale, in mano ai ribelli e obiettivo negli ultimi 4 giorni di intensi bombardamenti delle forze governative. ..( Lorenzo Cremonesi Corriere della Sera) ..3-Il Pakistan e il terrorismo: la comunità internazionale dà tre mesi al governo di islamabad per dimostrare di non essere legato ai gruppi jihadisti. ..( Emanuele Valenti) ..4-Venezuela: la grave crisi finanziaria costringe il governo Maduro a lanciare il Petro, la prima moneta virtuale emessa da uno stato sovrano. ( Alfredo Somoza) ..5-Bahrein: condannato a 5 anni di carcere Nabil Jaber attivista per i diritti umani. In uno tweet aveva denunciato la tortura che subiscono i detenuti politici. ..( Riccardo Noury ) ..6-Progetti sostenibili: In Svizzera gli agricoltori equiparati agli arredatori d'esterni. ( Fabio Fimiani) ..7-Romanzo a fumetti:  LOKI  Journey Into Mystery la Graphic Novel di Kieron Gillen. ( Maurizio Principato)

1-Siria. Raid indiscriminate alle porte di Damasco. A esteri la testimonianza di un medico di Ghouta orientale ancora in mano ai ribelli. ( Emanuele Valenti) ..Intanto le forze filo governative fanno il loro ingresso nell'area curda di Afrin assediata dall'esercito turco. ( Dimitri Bettoni - OBC)..2-Molestie sessuali: si dimette la giornalista francese dopo il reintegro del suo molestatore...In piena campagna Metoo Astrid de Villaines aveva denunciato un importante presentatore della tv pubblica. ( Luisa Nannipieri) ..3-Morire sotto una valanga di rifiuti. Da Maputo, Mozambico, il racconto di un fotografo..che ha creato un laboratorio per i ragazzi di strada che vivono vicina alla discarica...( Sara Milanese)..4-I nuovi clochard , con lavoro, senza casa. Secondo i nuovi dati forniti da Bruxelles aumenti a due cifre anche nei paesi ricchi con tradizione di Welfare. ( Alessandro Principe) ..5-In Europa oltre 20 mila casi di Morbillo e 35 decessi nel 2017. Secondo l'Oms l'aumento è stato del 400% rispetto all'anno precedente. Male Italia , Romania e Ucraina..6-Land Grabbing: Fondi pensioni europei in prima linea nell'accaparramento di terre agricole in Brasile. In nome del profitto ignorate le violazioni dei diritti umani. (Marta Gatti)