Let's Talk About Autism

In this episode, let's talk about why autistic individuals wander, how to keep them safe and ways to respond if wandering has occurred. References: Arky, B. (2020, August 18). Autism Plus Wandering. Child Mind Institute. https://childmind.org/article/autism-plus-wandering/. Arky, B. (2020, November 19). What Families and Society Can Do to Protect Autistic Children from Wandering. Child Mind Institute. https://childmind.org/article/what-families-and-society-can-do-to-protect-wandering-autistics/. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2019, September 18). Disability and Safety: Information on Wandering (Elopement). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilityandsafety/wandering.html. McLaughlin, L., Rapoport, E., Keim, S. A., & Adesman, A. (2020). Wandering by Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: Impact of Electronic Tracking Devices on Elopement Behavior and Quality of Life. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, 41(7), 513–521. https://doi.org/10.1097/dbp.0000000000000817 Rice, C., Zablotsky, B., Avila, R., Colpe, L.,Schieve, L., Pringle, B., & Blumberg, S. (2016). Reported wandering behavior among children with autism spectrum disorder and/or intellectual disability. The Journal of Pediatrics, 174, 232-239.e2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.03.047. Let's Talk About Autism is on Instagram. Click https://www.instagram.com/letstalkaboutautismpodcast/ to follow so you can stay tuned for new episodes, extras and much more!  For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism. I acknowledge the Cadigal people who are the traditional custodians of the land I walk and learn on. I pay respects to the elders past, present and emerging.

In this episode, let's talk about incidental teaching, its purpose and how to implement it in a child's everyday life. References: Steinbrenner, J.R., Hume, K., Odom, S.L., Morin, K.L., Nowell, S.W., Tomaszewski, B., Szendrey, S., McIntyre, N.S., Yücesoy-Özkan, S., & Savage, M.N. (2020). Evidence-based practices for children, youth, and young adults with autism. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Frank Porter Graham Child Development Institute & National Clearinghouse on Autism Evidence and Practice Review Team. Retrieved 19 May 2022 from https://ncaep.fpg.unc.edu/sites/ncaep.fpg.unc.edu/files/imce/documents/EBP%20Report%202020.pdf. Weitlauf, A.S., McPheeters, M.L., Peters, B., Sathe, N., Travis, R., Aiello, R., Williamson, E., Veenstra-VanderWeele, J., Krishnaswami, S., Jerome, R., & Warren, Z. (2014). Therapies for children with autism spectrum disorder: Behavioral interventions update. Comparative Effectiveness Review no. 137 [AHRQ Publication No. 14-EHC036-EF]. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Retrieved 19 May 2022 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK241444/ Wong, C., Odom, S.L., Hume, K.A., Cox, A.W., Fettig, A., Kucharczyk, S., Brock, M.E., Plavnick, J.B., Fleury, V.P., & Schultz, T.R. (2015). Evidence-based practices for children, youth, and young adults with autism spectrum disorder: A comprehensive review. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45(7), 1951-1966. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2351-z Let's Talk About Autism is on Instagram. Click https://www.instagram.com/letstalkaboutautismpodcast/ to follow so you can stay tuned for new episodes, extras and much more! For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism. I acknowledge the Cadigal people who are the traditional custodians of the land I walk and learn on. I pay respects to the elders past, present and emerging.

In this episode, let's talk about what stimming is, why it happens, and how to reduce stimming. References: Kapp, S., Steward, R., Crane, L., Elliott, D., Elphick, C., Pellicano, E., & Russell, G. (2019). People should be allowed to do what they like: Autistic adults' views and experiences of stimming. Autism, 23(7), 1782-1792. doi: 10.1177/1362361319829628. Masiran, R. (2018). Stimming behaviour in a 4-year-old girl with autism spectrum disorder. BMJ Case Reports, bcr–2017–223671. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2017-223671. https://childmind.org/ Let's Talk About Autism is on Instagram. Click https://www.instagram.com/letstalkaboutautismpodcast/ to follow so you can stay tuned for new episodes, extras and much more! For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism. I acknowledge the Cadigal people who are the traditional custodians of the land I walk and learn on. I pay respects to the elders past, present and emerging.

In this episode, let's talk about Dr. Damien Milton's theory of the Double Empathy Problem that poses the thought that not only do autistic individuals struggle to understand non-autistic individuals, it might actually work both ways. References: DeBrabander, K. M., Morrison, K. E., Jones, D. R., Faso, D. J., Chmielewski, M., and Sasson, N. J. 2019. Do first impressions of autistic adults differ between autistic and nonautistic observers? Autism Adulthood 1:250–7. doi: 10.1089/aut.2019.0018 Milton, D. E. M., Heasman, B., and Sheppard, E. 2020. “Double empathy,” in Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, ed F. R. Volkmar (New York, NY: Springer). p. 1–9. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-6435-8_102273-2 Milton D. (2012). On the ontological status of autism: The ‘double empathy problem'. Disability and Society, 27(3), 883–887. Sasson, N. J., Faso, D. J., Nugent, J., Lovell, S., Kennedy, D. P., and Grossman, R. B. 2017. Neurotypical peers are less willing to interact with those with autism based on thin slice judgments. Sci. Rep. 7:40700. doi: 10.1038/srep40700 Sheppard E., Pillai D., Wong G. T. L., Ropar D., Mitchell P. (2016). How easy is it to read the minds of people with autism spectrum disorder? Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46(4), 1247–1254. Let's Talk About Autism is on Instagram. Click https://www.instagram.com/letstalkaboutautismpodcast/ to follow so you can stay tuned for new episodes, extras and much more! For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism. I acknowledge the Cadigal people who are the traditional custodians of the land I walk and learn on. I pay respects to the elders past, present and emerging.

In this episode, let's talk about how building on the skills learned as children can support teenagers' independence and how to decide when they are ready. References: Kersten, M., Coxon, K., Lee, H., & Wilson, N.J. (2020). Developing community mobility and driving with youth on the autism spectrum: A psychosocial perspective. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 28(2), 91-96. https://doi.org/10.1080/11038128.2020.1798506. Kersten, M., Coxon, K., Lee, H., & Wilson, N.J. (2020). Traversing the community is uncertain, socially complex and exhausting: Autistic youth describe experiences of travelling to participate in their communities. Journal of Transport & Health, 18, Article 100922. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2020.100922. Haas, K., Wilson, N.J., Cordier, R., Vaz, S., & Lee, H. (2020). The experiences of young adults on the autism spectrum in using metropolitan public transport. Autism CRC. Retrieved 2 March 2022 from https://www.autismcrc.com.au/sites/default/files/reports/3-041_Young-autistic-adults-on-public-transport_Report_2020.pdf. Let's Talk About Autism is on Instagram. Click https://www.instagram.com/letstalkaboutautismpodcast/ to follow so you can stay tuned for new episodes, extras and much more! For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism. I acknowledge the Cadigal people who are the traditional custodians of the land I walk and learn on. I pay respects to the elders past, present and emerging.

In this episode, let's talk about what skills autistic children can develop to navigate an independent life. References: Gallimore, D. (2017). The essential guide to safe travel-training for children with autism and intellectual disabilities. Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Kersten, M., Coxon, K., Lee, H., & Wilson, N.J. (2020). Developing community mobility and driving with youth on the autism spectrum: A psychosocial perspective. Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 28(2), 91-96. https://doi.org/10.1080/11038128.2020.1798506. Kersten, M., Coxon, K., Lee, H., & Wilson, N.J. (2020). ‘In their own time': Parents gently push their autistic youth towards independent community mobility and participation. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 50(8), 2806-2818. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04384-9. Kersten, M., Coxon, K., Lee, H., & Wilson, N.J. (2020). Traversing the community is uncertain, socially complex and exhausting: Autistic youth describe experiences of travelling to participate in their communities. Journal of Transport & Health, 18, Article 100922. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jth.2020.100922. Let's Talk About Autism is on Instagram. Click https://www.instagram.com/letstalkaboutautismpodcast/ to follow so you can stay tuned for new episodes, extras and much more! For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism. I acknowledge the Cadigal people who are the traditional custodians of the land I walk and learn on. I pay respects to the elders past, present and emerging.

In this episode, let's talk about the practical steps to make the transition to school smooth for all involved. References: Johora, F.T. (2021). The preschool teacher's assumptions about a child's ability or disability: Finding a pedagogical password for inclusion. Early Years. https://doi.org/10.1080/09575146.2021.1922991. Kemp, C.R. (2016). Early childhood inclusion in Australia. Infants & Young Children, 29(3), 178-187. https://doi.org/10.1097/IYC.0000000000000062. Kwon, K., Hong, S., & Jeon, H. (2017). Classroom readiness for successful inclusion: Teacher factors and preschool children's experience with and attitudes toward peers with disabilities. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 31(3), 360-378. https://doi.org/10.1080/02568543.2017.1309480. Mackenzie, M., Cologon, K., & Fenech, M. (2016). ‘Embracing everybody': Approaching the inclusive early childhood education of a child labelled with autism from a social relational understanding of disability. Australasian Journal of Early Childhood, 41(2), 4-12. https://doi.org/10.1177/183693911604100202. Munchan, L., & Agbenyega, J. (2020). Exploring early childhood educators' experiences of teaching young children with disability. Australasian Journal of Early Childhood, 45(3), 280-291. https://doi.org/10.1177/1836939120944635. Resources: https://raisingchildren.net.au/preschoolers/play-learning/preschool/settling-in-at-preschool https://raisingchildren.net.au/disability/disability-rights-the-law/rights/inclusion-children-with-disability-developmental-delay-autism Let's Talk About Autism is now on Instagram. Click https://www.instagram.com/letstalkaboutautismpodcast/ to follow so you can stay tuned for new episodes, extras and much more! For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism. I acknowledge the Cadigal people who are the traditional custodians of the land I walk and learn on. I pay respects to the elders past, present and emerging.st

In this episode, let's talk about common sleep problems, their impact, and ways to help them to get a good night's sleep. Resources https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/health-wellbeing/sleep/sleep-for-children-with-asd https://raisingchildren.net.au/school-age/sleep/better-sleep/sleep-relaxation References Coumo, B.M., Vaz, S., Lee, E.A.L., Thompson, C., Rogerson, J.M., & Falkmer, T. (2017). Effectiveness of sleep-based interventions for children with autism spectrum disorder: A meta-synthesis. Pharmacotherapy, 37(5), 555-578. doi: 10.1002/phar.1920. Papadopoulos, N., Scibberas, E., Hiscock, H., Mulraney, M., McGillivray, J., & Rinehart, N. (2019). The efficacy of a brief behavioural sleep intervention in school-aged children with ADHD and comorbid autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Attention Disorders, 23(4), 341-350. doi: 10.1177/1087054714568565. Richdale, A.L., & Schreck, K.A. (2015). Examining sleep hygiene factors and sleep in young children with and without autism spectrum disorder. Research in ASD, 57, 154-162. doi: 10.1016/j.rasd.2018.10.008. Veitch, O.J., Maxwell-Horn, A.C., & Malow, B.A. (2015). Sleep in autism spectrum disorders. Current Sleep Medicine Reports, 1(2), 131-140. doi: 10.1007/s40675-015-0012-1. Let's Talk About Autism is now on Instagram. Click https://www.instagram.com/letstalkaboutautismpodcast/ to follow so you can stay tuned for new episodes, extras and much more! For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism. I acknowledge the Cadigal people who are the traditional custodians of the land I walk and learn on. I pay respects to the elders past, present and emerging.

In this episode, let's talk about what grief might look like for autistic individuals, how to talk about the death of a loved one and how to support them with the grieving process. Resources: Finding your own way to grieve by Karla Helbert - A practical and visual activity workbook for autistic children and young people. How people with autism grieve and how to help: an insider handbook by Deborah Lipsky References: Hume, K., Regan, T., Megronigle, L., & Rhinehalt, C. (2016). Supporting Students With Autism Spectrum Disorder Through Grief and Loss. Teaching Exceptional Children, 48(3), 128-136. Koehler, K. (2016). Supporting children and young people with Autism Spectrum Disorder through bereavement. Bereavement Care, 35(3), 94-101. Ryan, K., Guerin, S., Dodd, P., & McEvoy, J. (2010). Exploring the experiences of people with intellectual disabilities when service users die. British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 39, 259-265. Sormanti, M., & Ballan, M. (2011). Strengthening grief support for children with developmental disabilities. School Psychology International, 32(2), 179-193. Let's Talk About Autism is now on Instagram. Click https://www.instagram.com/letstalkaboutautismpodcast/ to follow so you can stay tuned for new episodes, extras and much more! For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism. I acknowledge the Cadigal people who are the traditional custodians of the land I walk and learn on. I pay respects to the elders past, present and emerging.

In this episode, let's talk about why many autistic females are being misdiagnosed or receiving a diagnosis too late in life, and therefore missing out on timely support. References: American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596 Attwood, T. (2006). Autism and Asperger syndrome: preparing for adulthood. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 47(2), 223-224. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469- 7610.2006.00452.x Frazier, T. W., & Hardan, A. Y. (2017). Equivalence of symptom dimensions in females and males with autism. Autism: the international journal of research and practice, 21(6), 749–759. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361316660066 Hull, L., Petrides, K. V., & Mandy, W. (2020). The Female Autism Phenotype and Camouflaging: a Narrative Review. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 7, 306-317. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40489-020-00197-9 Lai, M. C., Lombardo, M. V., Pasco, G., Ruigrok, A. N., Wheelwright, S. J., Sadek, S. A., Chakrabarti, B., MRC AIMS Consortium, & Baron-Cohen, S. (2011). A behavioral comparison of male and female adults with high functioning autism spectrum Livingston, L. A., & Happé, F. (2017). Conceptualising compensation in neurodevelopmental disorders: Reflections from autism spectrum disorder. Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, 80, 729–742. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.06.005 Loomes, R., Hull, L., & Mandy, W. (2017). What Is the Male-to-Female Ratio in Autism Spectrum Disorder? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 56(6), 466–474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2017.03.013 Young, H., Oreve, M-J., & Speranza, M. (2018). Clinical characteristics and problems diagnosing autism spectrum disorder in girls. Archives de pediatrie, 25(6), 399-403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcped.2018.06.008 Let's Talk About Autism is now on Instagram. Click https://www.instagram.com/letstalkaboutautismpodcast/ to follow so you can stay tuned for new episodes, extras and much more! For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism. I acknowledge the Cadigal people who are the traditional custodians of the land I walk and learn on. I pay respects to the elders past, present and emerging.

In this episode, Natalie Love from Kids Spot Speech Pathology shares her vast knowledge of Gestalt Language processing, and how she is supporting autistic children and their families. Resources mentioned: Natural Language Acquisition on the Autism Spectrum: The Journey from Echolalia to Self-generated Language by Marge Blanc (2012) Meaningful speech courses; https://www.meaningfulspeech.com/ https://www.meaningfulspeech.com/handbook Natalie Love is a speech pathologist who works at Kids Spot Speech Pathology @kidsspot_speech_pathology. This clinic is based in Bondi Junction, Sydney NSW. She works with a range of communication challenges and has a particular interest in literacy and speech sound disorders. She is committed to making therapy and the home-based practice experience as fun and realistic as possible. To learn more about the Kids Spot or to reach out to Natalie Love, visit https://www.activespot.com.au/ Let's Talk About Autism is now on Instagram. Click https://www.instagram.com/letstalkaboutautismpodcast/ to follow so you can stay tuned for new episodes, extras and much more! For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism. I acknowledge the Cadigal people, the traditional custodians of the land I walk and learn on. I pay respects to the elders past, present and emerging.

In this episode, let's talk about why depression is unrecognisable in autistic individuals, how to recognise the signs of depression and how to support autistic individuals experiencing depression and low mood. References: https://www.beyondblue.org.au/the-facts/depression/treatments-for-depression Hudson, C. C., Hall, L., & Harkness, K. L. (2018). Prevalence of depressive disorders in individuals with autism spectrum disorder: A meta-analysis. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 10.1007/s10802-018-0402-1 [doi] Matson, J.L., & Williams, L.W. (2014). Depression and mood disorders among persons with autism spectrum disorders. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35(9), 2003-2007. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.04.020. Menezes, M., Robinson, L., Sanchez, M.J., & Cook, B. (2018). Depression in youth with autism spectrum disorders: A systematic review of studies published between 2012 and 2016. Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 5, 370-389. doi: 10.1007/s40489-018-0146-4. Services that can help; https://nami.org/home https://findtreatment.samhsa.gov/ https://988lifeline.org/ https://nationalautismassociation.org/family-support/find-a-support-group/ Let's Talk About Autism is now on Instagram. Click https://www.instagram.com/letstalkaboutautismpodcast/ to follow so you can stay tuned for new episodes, extras and much more! For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism. I acknowledge the Cadigal people who are the traditional custodians of the land I walk and learn on. I pay respects to the elders past, present and emerging.

In this episode, my conversation with Sonya Coffey from Finding Our Voice continued. Echolalia - People with echolalia repeat noises and phrases that they hear. Sonya Coffey is a speech pathologist who works at Finding Our Voice. Her clinic is based in North Perth, Western Australia. Let's Talk About Autism is now on Instagram. Click https://www.instagram.com/letstalkaboutautismpodcast/ to follow so you can stay tuned for new episodes, extras and much more! For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism. I acknowledge the Cadigal people who are the traditional custodians of the land I walk and learn on. I pay respects to the elders past, present and emerging.

In this episode, I was fortunate enough to talk to Sonya Coffey from Finding Our Voice, who kindly gave insight into her role as a speech pathologist, and how she is supporting autistic individuals and their families. DLD – Developmental Language Disorder Sonya Coffey is a speech pathologist who works at Finding Our Voice. Her clinic is based in North Perth, Western Australia. Let's Talk About Autism is now on Instagram. Click https://www.instagram.com/letstalkaboutautismpodcast/ to follow so you can stay tuned for new episodes, extras and much more! For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism. I acknowledge the Cadigal people who are the traditional custodians of the land I walk and learn on. I pay respects to the elders past, present and emerging.

In this episode, let's talk about why autistic children find food and eating difficult and some possible solutions for overcoming these difficulties. References: Haines, J., Haycraft, E., Lytle, L., Nicklaus, S., Kok, F.J., Merdji, M., Fisberg, M., Moreno, L.A., Goulet, O., & Hughes, S.O. (2019). Nurturing children's healthy eating: Position statement. Appetite, 137, 124-133. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.02.007. Mallan, K.M., Jansen, E., Harris, H., Llewellyn, C., Fildes, A., & Daniels, L.A. (2018). Feeding a fussy eater: Examining longitudinal bidirectional relationships between child fussy eating and maternal feeding practices. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 43(10), 1138-1146. doi: 10.1093/jpepsy/jsy053. Rastam, M. (2008). Eating disturbances in autism spectrum disorders with focus on adolescent and adult years. Clinical Neuropsychiatry, 5(1), 31-42. Steigler, L.N. (2005). Understanding pica behavior: A review for clinical and educational professionals. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 20(1), 27-38. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/10883576050200010301. Verhage, C.L., Gillebaart, M., van der Veek, S.M.C., & Vereijken, C.M.J.L (2018). The relation between family meals and health of infants and toddlers: A review. Appetite, 127, 97-109. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2018.04.010. Let's Talk About Autism is now on Instagram. Click https://www.instagram.com/letstalkaboutautismpodcast/ to follow so you can stay tuned for new episodes, extras and much more! For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism. I acknowledge the Cadigal people who are the traditional custodians of the land I live and learn on. I pay respects to the elders past, present and emerging.

In this episode, let's talk about what the NDIS is, who's eligible, the application process as well as the steps to creating the NDIS plan. References: Calder, S., Ward, R., Jones, M., Johnston, J., & Claessen, M. (2018). The uses of outcome measures within multidisciplinary early childhood intervention services: A systematic review. Disability and Rehabilitation, 40(22), 2599-2622. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2017.1353144. Centre for Community Child Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne (2011). DEECD early childhood intervention reform project: Literature review. Melbourne: Communications Division for Programs and Partnerships Division, Victorian Department of Education and Early Childhood Development. Retrieved 7 September 2020 from http://www.education.vic.gov.au/Documents/childhood/providers/needs/ecislitreviewsept2009.pdf. Early Childhood Intervention Australia (2018). Best practice in early childhood intervention report 2018. Norwest, NSW: ECIA. Retrieved 7 September 2020 from https://www.flipsnack.com/earlychildhoodintervention/ecia-best-practice-in-early-childhood-intervention-report-fcmf2ii51/full-view.html. Ellison, C. (2019). People living with disability: Navigating support and health systems. In E. Willis, L. Reynolds & T. Rudge (Eds), Understanding the Australian health care system (4th edn, pp. 191-207). Chatswood, NSW: Elsevier Australia. Roberts, J., Williams, K., Smith, K., & Campbell, L. (2016). Autism spectrum disorders: Evidence-based/evidence-informed good practice for supports provided to preschool children, their families and carers. Canberra: National Disability Insurance Agency. What is it and how do to get started video links; https://raisingchildren.net.au/disability/ndis/about-ndis/ndis-what-is-it- https://raisingchildren.net.au/disability/ndis/about-ndis/ndis-getting-started Let's Talk About Autism is now on Instagram. Click https://www.instagram.com/letstalkaboutautismpodcast/ to follow so you can stay tuned for new episodes, extras and much more! For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about Applied Behaviour Analysis, Early Intensive Behavioural Intervention and Discrete Trial Training. References: Child Mind Institute (2019). The controversy around ABA. New York: Child Mind Institute. Retrieved 29 June 2020 from https://childmind.org/article/controversy-around-applied-behavior-analysis/. DeFilippis, M., & Wagner, K. D. (2016). Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children and Adolescents. Psychopharmacology bulletin, 46(2), 18–41. Makrygianni, M.K., Gena, A., Katoudi, S., & Galanis, P. (2018). The effectiveness of applied behavior analytic interventions for children with autism spectrum disorder: A meta-analytic study. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 51, 18-31. doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2018.03.006. Wong, C., Odom, S.L., Hume, K., Cox, A.W., Fettig, A., Kucharczyk, S., Brock, M.E., Plavnick, J.B., Fleury, V.P., & Schultz, T.R. (2015). Evidence-based practices for children, youth, and young adults with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45(7), 1951-1966. doi: 10.1007/s10803-014-2351-z. Yu, Q., Li, E., Li, L., & Liang, W. (2020). Efficacy of Interventions Based on Applied Behavior Analysis for Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-Analysis. Psychiatry investigation, 17(5), 432–443. https://doi.org/10.30773/pi.2019.0229 Links: Applied Behaviour Analysis https://www.telethonkids.org.au/our-research/research-topics/autism-spectrum-disorders/?gclid=CjwKCAjwur-SBhB6EiwA5sKtjuWSxBOb2THXg3d201lzEbhHY9nwJ1eSAgf1oLyzNeugvbf_Ab45pBoCPG8QAvD_BwE https://www.lizardcentre.com/applied-behaviour-analysis/ Early Intensive Behavioural Intervention & Discrete Trial Training https://www.lizardcentre.com/programs/autism-asd-and-behavioural-interventions/ Contact the NDIS https://www.ndis.gov.au/contact Let's Talk About Autism is now on Instagram. Click https://www.instagram.com/letstalkaboutautismpodcast/ to follow so you can stay tuned for new episodes, extras and much more! For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about what GDD is, its characteristics and how it compares to autism. References: Amor, D.J. (2018). Investigating the child with intellectual disability. Journal of Paediatric and Child Health, 54, 1154-1158. doi: 10.1111/jpc.14202. Choo, Y. Y., Agarwal, P., How, C. H., & Yeleswarapu, S. P. (2019). Developmental delay: identification and management at primary care level. Singapore medical journal, 60(3), 119–123. https://doi.org/10.11622/smedj.2019025 Glascoe, F.P., Marks, K.P., & Bauer, N. (2016). Developmental-behavioral screening and surveillance. In R.M. Kliegman, B.F. Stanton, J.W. St Geme & N.F. Schor (Eds), Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics (20th edn, pp 90-100). Philadelphia: Elsevier. To donate to Walk for Autism, click on this link: https://www.walkforautism.org.au/fundraisers/letstalkaboutautism Let's Talk About Autism is now on Instagram. Click https://www.instagram.com/letstalkaboutautismpodcast/ to follow so you can stay tuned for new episodes, extras and much more! For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about what the Walk for Autism is and where your generous donations end up. Reference: https://www.walkforautism.org.au/ To donate, click on this link: https://www.walkforautism.org.au/fundraisers/letstalkaboutautism Let's Talk About Autism is now on Instagram. Click https://www.instagram.com/letstalkaboutautismpodcast/ to follow so you can stay tuned for new episodes, extras and much more! For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about why autistic people are employable and how the recruitment process can be better designed to accommodate everyone. References: Autism Society. (2019). Employment. Retrieved from https://www.autism-society.org/living-with-autism/autism-through-the-lifespan/adulthood/employment/. Fletcher-Watson, S., Adams, J., Brook, K., Charman, T., Crane, L., Cusack, J., Leekam, S., Milton, D., Parr, J. R., Pellicano, E. (2019). Making the future together: Shaping autism research through meaningful participation. Autism, 23(4), 943–953. Hedley, D., Cai, R., Uljarević, M., Wilmot, M., Spoor, J. R., Richdale, A., Dissanayake, C. (2018). Transition to work: Perspectives from the autism spectrum. Autism, 22(5), 528–541. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361316687697 Lai, M. C., Szatmari, P. (2019). Resilience in autism: Research and practice prospects. Autism, 23(3), 539–541. Let's Talk About Autism is now on Instagram. Click https://www.instagram.com/letstalkaboutautismpodcast/ to follow so you can stay tuned for new episodes, extras and much more! For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about the aims of the neurodiversity movement and why this perspective is a step in the right direction. References: Burnham Riosa, P., Chan, V., Maughan, A., Stables, V., Albaum, C., and Weiss, J. A. (2017). Remediating deficits or increasing strengths in autism spectrum disorder research: a content analysis. Adv. Neurodeve. Disord. 1, 113–121. doi: 10.1007/s41252-017-0027-3 Bury, S. M., Jellett, R., Spoor, J. R., and Hedley, D. (2020). “It Defines Who I Am” or “It's Something I Have”: What Language Do [Autistic] Australian Adults [on the Autism Spectrum] Prefer?. J. Autism Develop. Disord. doi: 10.1007/s10803-020-04425-3. [Epub ahead of print]. Crane, L., Adams, F., Harper, G., Welch, J., and Pellicano, E. (2019). ‘Something needs to change': mental health experiences of young autistic adults in England. Autism 23, 477–493. doi: 10.1177/1362361318757048 Crompton, C. J., Sharp, M., Axbey, H., Fletcher-Watson, S., Flynn, E. G., and Ropar, D. (2020). Neurotype-matching, but not being autistic, influences self and observer ratings of interpersonal rapport. Front. Psychol. 11:586171. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.586171 Dekker, M. (2020). “From exclusion to acceptance: independent living on the Autistic Spectrum,” in Autistic Community and the Neurodiversity Movement: Stories From the Frontline, ed S. Kapp (Singapore: Springer Nature), 41–49. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-8437-0_3 Hughes, J. A. (2020). Does the heterogeneity of autism undermine the neurodiversity paradigm? Bioethics 35, 47–60. doi: 10.1111/bioe.12780 Kapp, S. (2020). “Introduction,” in Autistic Community and the Neurodiversity Movement: Stories from the Frontline, ed S. Kapp (Singapore: Springer Nature), 1–19. doi: 10.1007/978-981-13-8437-0 Let's Talk About Autism is now on Instagram! Click https://www.instagram.com/letstalkaboutautismpodcast/ to follow so you can stay tuned for new episodes, extras and much more! For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about the possible dangers of using person-first language on autistic individuals and why identity-first language is becoming the more preferred choice of language. References: Botha, M., Hanlon, J. & Williams, G.L. Does Language Matter? Identity-First Versus Person-First Language Use in Autism Research: A Response to Vivanti. J Autism Dev Disord (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04858-w Gernsbacher, M. A. (2017). Editorial perspective: The use of person-first language in scholarly writing may accentuate stigma. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 58(7), 859–861. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12706. Haruvi-Lamdan, N., Horesh, D., Zohar, S., Kraus, M., & Golan, O. (2020). Autism spectrum disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder: An unexplored co-occurrence of conditions. Autism, 24(4), 884–898. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361320912143. Please note, I have used ‘non-speaking' in this episode as it is being considered the preferred terminology. For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, my conversation with Dr Emma DeCicco from The Dash Health Hub continued. She kindy gave insight into her role as a clinical psychologist, and how she is supporting parents with autistic children. Key Terms: Identity First Language – Autistic person, not a person with Autism Neurodiversity Affirming – neurodiversity doesn't see disorders as fixable, rather it is recognised as a part of life. Neurodiversity umbrella includes but isn't limited to autistic people and ADHDers. It does not aim to mould neurodivergent people into neurotypical people. The Dash Health Hub is based in Perth, Western Australia. To learn more about the Hub or to reach out to Dr Emma DeCicco, visit https://www.thedashhub.com.au/ Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, I was fortunate enough to talk to Dr Emma DeCicco from The Dash Health Hub, who kindly shared her personal experience as a parent with an autistic son. Key Terms: Identity First Language – Autistic person, not a person with Autism Neurodiversity Affirming – neurodiversity doesn't see disorders as fixable, rather it is recognised as a part of life. The neurodiversity umbrella includes but isn't limited to autistic people and ADHDers. It does not aim to mould neurodivergent people into neurotypical people. IEPs - Individual Education Plans The Dash Health Hub is based in Perth, Western Australia. To learn more about the Hub or to reach out to Dr Emma DeCicco, visit https://www.thedashhub.com.au/ Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about what theory of mind is, how it develops and relates to individuals with autism. References: Baron-Cohen, S., Leslie, A. M., & Frith, U. (1985). Does the autistic child have a “theory of mind”. Cognition, 21(1), 37-46. Callejas, A., Shulman, G. L., & Corbetta, M. (2011). False belief vs. false photographs: a test of theory of mind or working memory?. Frontiers in psychology, 2, 316. Castelli, F., Frith, C., Happé, F., & Frith, U. (2002). Autism, Asperger syndrome and brain mechanisms for the attribution of mental states to animated shapes. Brain, 125(8), 1839-1849. Leslie, A.M. (1987). Pretence and representation: the origins of ‘theory of mind'. Psychological Review, 94, 412–426. Nelson, P. B., Adamson, L. B., & Bakeman, R. (2008). Toddlers' joint engagement experience facilitates preschoolers' acquisition of theory of mind. Developmental science, 11(6), 847-852. Nickerson, R. S. (1999). How we know—and sometimes misjudge—what others know: Imputing one's own knowledge to others. Psychological bulletin, 125(6), 737. Perner, J., Frith, U., Leslie, A.M. & Leekam, S. (1989). Exploration of the autistic child's theory of mind: Knowledge, belief, and communication. Child Development, 60, 689–700. Premack, D., & Woodruff, G. (1978). Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind?. Behavioral and brain sciences, 1(4), 515-526. Ruhl, C. (2020). Theory of mind. Simply Psychology. www.simplypsychology.org/theory-of-mind.html Senju, A. (2012). Spontaneous theory of mind and its absence in autism spectrum disorders. The Neuroscientist, 18(2), 108-113. Wellman, H. M., Fang, F., & Peterson, C. C. (2011). Sequential progressions in a theory‐of‐mind scale: Longitudinal perspectives. Child development, 82 (3), 780-792. Wimmer, H. & Perner, J. (1983). Beliefs about beliefs. Cognition, 13, 103–128. Wing, L. (1997). The autistic spectrum: Oxford: Pergamon. For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about the importance of an early diagnosis and early interventions. References: American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association. Camarata, S. (2014). Early identification and early intervention in autism spectrum disorders: Accurate and effective? International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 16(1), 1-10, https://doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2013.858773 Fuller, E. A., & Kaiser, A. P. (2020) The Effects of Early Intervention on Social Communication Outcomes for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-analysis. J Autism Dev Disord, 50, 1683-1700. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-019-03927-z Itzchak, E. B., & Zachor, D. A. (2011). Who benefits from early intervention in autism spectrum disorders? Science Direct, 5(1), 345-350. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2010.04.018 Johnson, C. P., & Myers, S. M. (2007). Identification and evaluation of children with autism spectrum disorders. Pediatrics, 120, 1183–1215. Koegel, R., Koegel, L., & Camarata, S. (2010). Definitions of empirically supported treatment. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40, 516–517. Rescorla, L. (2002). Language and reading outcomes to age 9 in late-talking toddlers. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 45, 360–371. Vivanti, G., Kasari, C., Green, J., Mandell, D., Maye, M., & Hudry, K. (2017). Implementing and evaluating early intervention for children with autism: Where are the gaps and what should we do? Autism Research, 11(1), 16-23. https://doi.org/10.1002/aur.1900 Vivanti, G., Prior, M., William, K., & Dissanayake, C. (2014). Predictors of outcomes in autism early intervention: why don't we know more? Pediatr, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2014.00058 For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about where employment opportunities and support for individuals with autism can be found. Links: Xceptional - https://xceptional.io/ Aspect Australia - https://www.autismspectrum.org.au/how-can-we-help/getting-a-job https://www.autismspectrum.org.au/how-can-we-help/getting-a-job/mentoring-program Disability Employment Services (DES) - https://www.servicesaustralia.gov.au/individuals/topics/disability-employment-services/51421 Job Access - https://www.jobaccess.gov.au/ Employment Assistance Fund - https://www.jobaccess.gov.au/employment-assistance-fund-eaf National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) - https://www.ndis.gov.au/participants/finding-keeping-and-changing-jobs DXC's Dandelion - https://dxc.com/au/en/cp/social-impact-practice/dxc-dandelion-program Specialisterne - https://specialisterne.com.au/ For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about how to pursue an autism diagnosis as an adult. References: Ayres, M., Parr, J. R., Rodgers, J., Mason, D., Avery, L., & Flynn, D. (2018). A systematic review of quality of life of adults on the autism spectrum. Autism, 22(7), 774–783. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361317714988 Bargiela, S., Steward, R., & Mandy, W. (2016). The experiences of late-diagnosed women with autism spectrum conditions: An investigation of the female autism phenotype. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 46(10), 3281–3294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-016-2872-8 Crane, L., Adams, F., Harper, G., Welch, J., & Pellicano, E. (2019a). ‘Something needs to change': Mental health experiences of young autistic adults in England. Autism., 23(2), 477–493. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361318757048 Hearst, C. (Ed.). (2019). Being Autistic: Nine adults share their journeys from discovery to acceptance. Washington, DC: Independent Publishing Network. Jones, L., Goddard, L., Hill, E. L., Henry, L. A., & Crane, L. (2014). Experiences of receiving a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder: A survey of adults in the United Kingdom. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders., 44(12), 3033–3044. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-014-2161-3 Links: Australia & International: https://www.autismawareness.com.au/diagnosis/who-can-diagnose https://www.autism.org.uk/advice-and-guidance/topics/diagnosis https://www.aane.org/about-us/contact-us/ Financial support: https://thespectrum.org.au/autism-support-services/finance/ After the diagnosis: https://www.autism.org.uk/advice-and-guidance/topics/diagnosis/post-diagnosis-support/autistic-adults https://www.autism.org.uk/advice-and-guidance/topics/diagnosis/post-diagnosis-support https://autismwales.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Autism-A-Guide-for-Those-Who-Support-Adults-Following-a-Diagnosis_eng.pdf Experiences: https://theconversation.com/how-it-feels-to-be-diagnosed-with-autism-later-in-life-92633 https://www.autismspeaks.org/life-spectrum/my-story-being-diagnosed-autism-adult Other: https://www.autismawareness.com.au/diagnosis/coming-to-terms-with-a-diagnosis/ For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about why anxiety is unrecognised in individuals with autism, how to recognise the signs of anxiety and how to help individuals with autism manage their anxiety symptoms. References: Boulter, C., Freeston, M., South, M., & Rodgers, J. (2014). Intolerance of uncertainty as a framework for understanding anxiety in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 44(6), 1391-1402. doi: 10.1007/s10803-013-2001-x. Ehrenreich-May, J., Storch, E.A., Queen, A.H., Rodriguez, J.H., Ghilain, C.S., Alessandri, M., Lewin, A.B., Arnold, E.B., Murphy, T.K., Lin, C.E., Fuji, C., Renno, P., Piacentini, J., Laugeson, E., & Wood, J.J. (2014). An open trial of cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders in adolescents with autism spectrum disorders. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 29(3), 145-155. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/1088357614533381. Green, S.A., & Ben-Sasson, A. (2010). Anxiety disorders and sensory over-responsivity in children with autism spectrum disorders: Is there a causal relationship? Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40, 1495-1504. doi: 10.1007/s10803-010-1007-x. Rodgers, J., & Ofield, A. (2018). Understanding, recognising and treating co-occurring anxiety in autism. Current Developmental Disorders Reports, 5, 58-64h. doi: 10.1007/s40474-018-0132-7. South, M., Rodgers, J., & Van Hecke, A. (2017). Anxiety and ASD: Current progress and ongoing challenges. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 47, 3679-3681. doi: 10.1007/s10803-017-3322-y. White, S.W., Oswald, D., Ollendick, T., & Scahill, L. (2009). Anxiety in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders. Clinical Psychology Review, 29, 216-229. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2009.01.003. Wood, J.J., Kendall, P.C., Wood, K.S., Kerns, C.M., Seltzer, M., Small, B.J., Lewin, A.B., & Storch, E.A. (2019). Cognitive behavioral treatments for anxiety in children with autism spectrum disorder: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry, 77(5), 1-10. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2019.4160. Links: https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/health-wellbeing/mental-health/anxiety-asd https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/school-play-work/school/anxiety-at-school-asd https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/behaviour/understanding-behaviour/building-confidence-asd For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about the benefits of yoga for individuals with autism, and how yoga practices can be integrated into daily life. References: Radhakrishna, S., Nagarathna, R., & Nagendra, H. R. (2010). Integrated approach to yoga therapy and autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Ayurveda and integrative medicine, 1(2), 120–124. https://doi.org/10.4103/0975-9476.65089 Semple R. J. (2019). Review: Yoga and mindfulness for youth with autism spectrum disorder: review of the current evidence. Child and adolescent mental health, 24(1), 12–18. https://doi.org/10.1111/camh.12295 Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wUNgrw91BlI&ab_channel=NationalCenteronHealth%2CPhysicalActivityandDisability%28NCHPAD%29 For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about some ways to help individuals with autism build friendships, and how we can be a good friend. References: Conn, C. (2016). Play and friendship in inclusive autism education: Supporting learning and development. Abingdon, UK: Routledge. Finke, E.H. (2016). Friendship: Operationalizing the intangible to improve friendship-based outcomes for individuals with autism spectrum disorder. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 25(4), 654-663. doi: 10.1044/2016_AJSLP-15-0042. Leaf, J. (2017). Handbook of social skills and autism spectrum disorder. Assessment, curricula, and intervention. New York: Springer International Publishing. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-62995-7. Locke, J., Williams, J., Shih, W., & Kasari, C. (2017). Characteristics of socially successful elementary school-aged children with autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines, 58(1), 94-102. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12636. Maiano, C., Normand, C.L., Salvas, M., Moullec, G., & Aime, A. (2016). Prevalence of school bullying among youth with autism spectrum disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Autism Research, 9(6), 601-615. doi: 10.1002/aur.1568. Owen-DeSchryver, J.S., Carr, E.G., Cale, S., & Blakeley-Smith, A. (2008). Promoting social interactions between students with autism spectrum disorders and their peers in inclusive school settings. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 23, 15-32. https://doi.org/10.1177/1088357608314370. Timms, L. (2011). 60 Social situations and discussion starters to help teens on the autism spectrum deal with friendships, feelings, conflict and more: Seeing the big picture. London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Links: https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/communicating-relationships/connecting/friends-peers-asd https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/school-play-work/social-life/social-activities-for-teens-with-asd https://raisingchildren.net.au/babies/play-learning/playgroups/about-playgroups https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/school-play-work/school/school-relationships-asd https://www.novita.org.au/helpful-information/supporting-girls-with-asd-to-make-friends/ http://www.tonyattwood.com.au/books-by-tony-m/archived-papers/75-understanding-and-teaching-friendship-skills For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about autism in sport. References: Coster, W., Law, M., Bedell, G., Khetani, M., Cousins, M., & Teplicky, R. (2012). Development of the participation and environment measure for children and youth: Conceptual basis. Disability and Rehabilitation: An International, Multidisciplinary Journal, 34(3), 238–246. https://doi.org/10.3109/09638288.2011.603017 Darcy, S., & Dowse, L. (2013). In search of a level playing field—The constraints and benefits of sport participation for people with intellectual disability. Disability & Society, 28(3), 393–407. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2012.714258 Ferguson, B. R., & Shapiro, S. K. (2016). Using a naturalistic sport context to train social skills in children. Child & Family Behavior Therapy, 38(1), 47–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/07317107.2016.1135700 Matson, J. L., & Goldin, R. L. (2013). Comorbidity and autism: Trends, topics and future directions. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 7(10), 1228–1233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2013.07.003 Links: Teachers Including Children with Autism in General Physical Education: Eight Possible Solutions by Zhang and Griffin - https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ794569.pdf A Teacher's Guide to Adapted Physical Education by Martin Block - http://archive.brookespublishing.com/documents/four-key-steps-to-including-adapted-sports.pdf High-Quality Physical Education for Pupils with Autism - https://www.afd.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/AUTISM-BOOKLET_v5.pdf Parents Exercising with Autism: What Parents Need to Know - https://exerciseright.com.au/exercising-for-kids-with-autism-what-parents-need-to-know/ https://exerciseright.com.au/kids-autism-spectrum-disorder/ https://www.carautismroadmap.org/choosing-a-sport-for-your-son-or-daughter-with-asd/ Autism Parents' Handbook Peers https://bourgase.com/teaching/special-education/autism/ For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about an evidence-based behavioural intervention known as Positive Behaviour Support. References: Clarke, S., & Dunlap, G. (2008). A descriptive analysis of intervention research published in the Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions: 1999-2005. Journal of Positive Behavior Interventions, 10, 67-71. doi: 10.1177/1098300707311810. LaVigna, G.W., & Willis, T.J. (2012). The efficacy of positive behavioural support with the most challenging behaviour: The evidence and its implications. Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 37(3), 185-195. doi: 10.3109/13668250.2012.696597. Prior, M., & Roberts, J. (2012). Early intervention for children with autism spectrum disorders: Guidelines for good practice. Canberra: Australian Government Department of Social Services. Retrieved 29 June 2020 from https://www.dss.gov.au/our-responsibilities/disability-and-carers/program-services/for-people-with-disability/early-intervention-for-children-with-autism-spectrum-disorders-guidelines-for-good-practice-2012. Prior, M., Roberts, J.M., Rodger, S., Williams, K., & Sutherland, R. (2011). A review of the research to identify the most effective models of practice in early intervention for children with autism spectrum disorders. Canberra: Australian Government Department of Families, Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs. Retrieved 29 June 2020 from https://www.dss.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/10_2014/review_of_the_research_report_2011_0.pdf. Weitlauf, A.S., McPheeters, M.L., Peters, B., Sathe, N., Travis, R., Aiello, R., Williamson, E., Veenstra-VanderWeele, J., Krishnaswami, S., Jerome, R., & Warren, Z. (2014). Therapies for children with autism spectrum disorder: Behavioral interventions update. Comparative Effectiveness Review no. 137 [AHRQ Publication No. 14-EHC036-EF]. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Retrieved 29 June 2020 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK241444/. Wong, C., Odom, S.L., Hume, K., Cox, A.W., Fettig, A., Kucharczyk, S., Brock, M.E., Plavnick, J.B., Fleury, V.P., & Schultz, T.R. (2015). Evidence-based practices for children, youth, and young adults with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45(7), 1951-1966. doi: 10.1007/s10803-014-2351- Links: To find a psychologist, go to https://www.psychology.org.au/Find-a-Psychologist NDIS Financial Support - https://www.ndis.gov.au/contact https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/therapies-services/therapies-interventions/therapy-hours-asd https://www.autismspectrum.org.au/uploads/documents/Fact%20Sheets/Factsheet_Positive-Behaviour-Support_20170306.pdf https://www.autismspectrum.org.au/uploads/documents/Aspect%20Practice/PBS/Aspect-Practice-PBS-Measuring-Behaviour-Change.pdf For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about why, when and how children should learn about their autism diagnosis. References: Dundon, R. (2018). Talking with your child about their autism diagnosis: A guide for parents. Philadelphia, PA: Jessica Kinsley Publishers. Vermeulen, P. (2013). I am special: Introducing children and young people to their autistic spectrum disorder (2nd ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. Zaks, Z. (2006). Life and love: Positive strategies for autistic adults. Shawnee, KS: Autism Asperger Publishing. Wheeler, M. (2020, May). Getting started: Introducing your child to his or her diagnosis of an autism spectrum disorder. Links: https://www.amaze.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Amaze-Information-Sheet-Sharing-an-autism-diagnosis.pdf https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MmrR4UgKFyA&ab_channel=nlconcepts https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rguyTZeeQv8&ab_channel=AutismAwarenessAustralia For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about some ways parents can look after themselves, and the emotional expectations upon learning about your child's autism diagnosis. References: Algood, C.L., Harris, C., & Hong, J.S. (2013). Parenting success and challenges for families of children with disabilities: An ecological systems analysis. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 23(2), 126-136. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2012.747408. Banach, M., Iudice, J., Conway, L., & Couse, L.J. (2010). Family support and empowerment: Post autism diagnosis support group for parents. Social Work with Groups, 33(1), 69-83. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01609510903437383. Barlow, J., Powell, L., & Gilchrist, M. (2006). The influence of the training and support programme on the self-efficacy and psychological well-being of parents of children with disabilities: A controlled trial. Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice, 12, 55-63. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2005.02.005. Fernańdez-Alcántara, M., García-Caro, P., Pérez-Marfil, N., Hueso-Montoro, C., Laynez-Rubio, C., & Cruz-Quintana, F. (2016). Feelings of loss and grief in parents of children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Research in Developmental Disabilities, 55, 312-321. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2016.05.007. Hsiao, Y.J., Higgins, K., Pierce, T., Whitby, P.J.S., & Tandy, R.D. (2017). Parental stress, family quality of life, and family-teacher partnerships: Families of children with autism spectrum disorder. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 70, 152-162. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2017.08.013. Lai, W.W., Goh, T.J., Oei, T.P.S., & Sund, M. (2015). Coping and well-being in parents of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 45(8), 2582-2593. doi: doi.org/10.1007/s10803-015-2430-9. Links: Association for Children with a Disability - https://www.acd.org.au/ https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/communicating-relationships/family-relationships/family-stress-asd https://mytime.net.au/ Looking after yourself - https://www.carergateway.gov.au/help-advice/looking-after-yourself Mental health plan - https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/mental-health-treatment-plan For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about where the link between vaccines and autism came from and why the myth still persists, despite ample amounts of research disproving that vaccines can cause autism. References: DeStefano, F., Price, C.S., & Weintraub, E.S. (2013). Increasing exposure to antibody-stimulating proteins and polysaccharides in vaccines is not associated with risk of autism. The Journal of Pediatrics, 163(2), 561-567. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2013.02.001. DeStefano, R., Shimabukuro, T.T. (2019). The MMR vaccine and autism. Ann Rev Virol, 6(1), 1-16. DeStefano, R. (2007). Vaccines and Autism: Evidence Does Not Support a Causal Association. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 82(6), 756-759. Gerber, J. S., & Offit, P. A. (2009). Vaccines and autism: a tale of shifting hypotheses. Clinical infectious diseases: an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 48(4), 456–461. https://doi.org/10.1086/596476 Goin-Kochel, R.P., Mire, S.S., Dempsey, A.G., Fein, R.H., Guffey, D., Minard, C.G., Cunningham, R.M., Sahni, L.C., & Boom, J.A. (2016). Parental report of vaccine receipt in children with autism spectrum disorder: Do rates differ by pattern of ASD onset? Vaccine, 34(11), 13335-1342, doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.02.008. Makela, A., Nuorti, J. P., & Peltola, H. (2002). Neurologic disorders after measles-mumps-rubella vaccination. Pediatrics, 110(5), 957–963. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.110.5.957 Morrow, E. M., Yoo, S. Y., Flavell, S. W., Kim, T. K., Lin, Y., Hill, R. S., Mukaddes, N. M., Balkhy, S., Gascon, G., Hashmi, A., Al-Saad, S., Ware, J., Joseph, R. M., Greenblatt, R., Gleason, D., Ertelt, J. A., Apse, K. A., Bodell, A., Partlow, J. N., Barry, B., Walsh, C. A. (2008). Identifying autism loci and genes by tracing recent shared ancestry. Science (New York, N.Y.), 321(5886), 218–223. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1157657 Taylor, L.E., Swerdfeger, A.L., & Eslick, G.D. (2014). Vaccines are not associated with autism: An evidence-based meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies. Vaccine, 32(29), 3623-3629. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.04.085. Wakefield, A.J., Murch, S.H., Anthony, A., Linnell, J., Casson, D.M., Malik, M., Berelowitz, M., Dhillon, A.P., Thomson, M.A., Harvey, P., Valentine, A., Davies, S.E., & Walker-Smith, J.A. (1998). RETRACTED: Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis and pervasive developmental disorder in children. The Lancet, 351(9103), 637–641. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)11096-0. For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about the different styles of play that can help children with autism to learn, improve and practice new skills and abilities for everyday life. References: Gena, A., Papadopoulou, E., Loukrezi, S., & Galanis, P. (2007). The play of children with autism: Theory, assessment and research on treatment. In L.B. Zhao (Ed.), Autism research advances (pp. 1-40). New York: Nova Science. Grant, R., & Turner-Bumberry, T. (2021). AutPlay therapy social skills groups: A 10-session model. Abingdon, UK: Routledge. Hampshire, P., & Hourcade, J. (2014). Teaching play skills to children with autism using visually structured tasks. Teaching Exceptional Children, 46(3), 26-31. doi: 10.1177/004005991404600303. Jarrold, C. (2003). A Review of Research into Pretend Play in Autism. Sage Journals, 1(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361303007004004 Jung, S., & Sainato, D.M. (2015). Teaching games to young children with autism spectrum disorder using special interests and video modelling. Journal of Intellectual & Developmental Disability, 40(2), 198. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13668250.2015.1027674. Kok, A.J., Kong, T.Y., & Bernard-Opitz, V. (2002). A comparison of the effects of structured play and facilitated play approaches on preschoolers with autism. Autism, 6(2), 181-196. doi: 10.1177/1362361302006002005. Rogers, S. J., Cook, I., & Meryl, A. (2005). Imitation and Play in Autism. In F. R. Volkmar, R. Paul, A. Klin, & D. Cohen (Eds.), Handbook of autism and pervasive developmental disorders: Diagnosis, development, neurobiology, and behavior, 382–405. John Wiley & Sons Inc. Stahmer, A.C., Ingersoll, B., & Carter, C. (2003). Behavioral approaches to promoting play. Autism, 7(4), 401-413. doi: 10.1177/1362361303007004006. Links: Interactive Play Ideas for Children with Autism Video Playing with Toys Real Look Autism Video Structured Play Movement and Play A Parent's Guide – Teaching Playskills Preschool Activities for Children with Autism Learning to Play, Playing to Learn For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about what Asperger's syndrome is, the differences between Asperger's and autism and the support available for individuals. References: American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.) [DSM-5]. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association Publishing. de Giambattista, C., Ventura, P., Trerotoli, P. (2019). Subtyping the Autism Spectrum Disorder: Comparison of Children with High Functioning Autism and Asperger Syndrome. J Autism Dev Disord, 49, 138–150. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-018-3689-4 Faridi, F., & Khosrowabadi, R. (2017). Behavioural, Cognitive and Neural Markers of Asperger Syndrome. Basic and clinical neuroscience, 8(5), 349–359. https://doi.org/10.18869/nirp.bcn.8.5.349 Gillberg, C. (1998). Asperger syndrome and high functioning autism. British Journal of Psychiatry, 172(3), 200-209. doi:10.1192/bjp.172.3.200 Lotspeich, L. J., Kwon H., & Schumann C. M. (2004). Investigation of Neuroanatomical Differences Between Autism and Asperger Syndrome. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 61(3), 291–298. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.61.3.291 Yu, K. K., Cheung, C., Chua, S. E., & McAlonan, G. M. (2011). Can Asperger syndrome be distinguished from autism? An anatomic likelihood meta-analysis of MRI studies. Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience: JPN, 36(6), 412–421. https://doi.org/10.1503/jpn.100138 Links: https://asperger.asn.au/ https://aspergersvic.org.au/ For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about what sensory processing is, the impact sensory processing difficulties have on individuals with autism and the different therapies and support systems available. References: Anzalone, M.E. & Lane, S.J. (2011). Sensory Processing Disorder. Ch 24 pp. 437-459 In S.J. Lane & A.C. Bundy (Eds) Kids can be kids: A childhood occupations approach. Philadelphia, PA: FA Davis. Ashburner, J., Bennett, L., Rodger, S. & Ziviani, J. (2013). Understanding the sensory experiences of young people with autism spectrum disorder: A preliminary investigation. Australian Journal of Occupational Therapy 60, 171-180. Ashburner, J. K., Rodger, S. A., Ziviani, J. M., & Hinder, E. A. (2014). Optimizing participation of children with autism spectrum disorder experiencing sensory challenges: A clinical reasoning framework. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 81(1), 29-38. Ashburner, J., Ziviani, J., & Rodger, S. (2008). Sensory processing and classroom emotional, behavioral, and educational outcomes in children with autism spectrum disorder. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 62, 564–573. Ausderau, K.K., Sideris, J., Little, L.M., Furlong, M., Bulluck, J.C. & Baranek, G.T. (2016). Sensory subtypes and associated outcomes in children with autism spectrum disorders. Autism Research, 9(12), 1316-1327. Case-Smith, J., Weaver, L.L. & Fristad, M.A. (2015). A systematic review of sensory processing interventions for children with autism spectrum disorders. Autism 19(2), 133-148. Clery, H., Roux, S., Barthelemy, C. & Bruneau, N. (2010). Candidate electrophysiological endophenotypes of hyper-reactivity to change in autism. Journal of Autism Development Disorders, 41 (6), 705–715. Gomot, M., Belmonte, M. K., Bullmore, E. T., Bernard, F. A. & Baron-Cohen, S. (2008). Auditory novel targets in children with high-functioning autism. Brain, 131, 2479–2488. Hazen, E. P., Stornelli, J. L., O'Rourke, J. A., Koesterer, K., & McDougle, C. J. (2014). Sensory symptoms in autism spectrum disorders. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 22(2), 112-124. Lane, S. J., Reynolds, S., & Dumenci, L. (2012). Sensory overresponsivity and anxiety in typically developing children and children with autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Cause or coexistence? American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 66, 595–603. Links: https://www.otaus.com.au/find-an-ot https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/behaviour/understanding-behaviour/sensory-sensitivities-asd For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about what a spectrum disorder is, why autism is a spectrum disorder and what it means to be on the spectrum. References: American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.) [DSM-5]. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association Publishing. Ausderau, K.K., Sideris, J., Little, L.M., Furlong, M., Bulluck, J.C. & Baranek, G.T. (2016). Sensory subtypes and associated outcomes in children with autism spectrum disorders. Autism Research, 9(12), 1316-1327. Autism & disability. (2021). Raising children network. Retrieved January 27, 2021 from https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/learning-about-autism Cohen D, Pichard N, Tordjman S, Baumann C, Burglen L, Excoffier E, Lazar G, Mazet P, Pinquier C, Verloes A, Heron D. Specific genetic disorders and autism: Clinical contribution towards their identification. J Autism Dev Disord. 2005; 35(1): 103-116. Gomot, M., Belmonte, M. K., Bullmore, E. T., Bernard, F. A. & Baron-Cohen, S. (2008). Auditory novel targets in children with high-functioning autism. Brain, 131, 2479–2488. Gomot, M., Blanc, R., Clery, H., Roux, S., Barthelemy, C. & Bruneau, N. (2010). Candidate electrophysiological endophenotypes of hyper-reactivity to change in autism. Journal of Autism Development Disorders, 41 (6), 705–715. Huquet G, Ey E, Bourgeron T. The genetic landscapes of autism spectrum disorders. Annu Re Genomics Hum Genet. 2013; 14: 191-213. For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about the early signs of autism, what age we expect to see these signs and how they compare to typically developing children. References: Barbaro, J., & Dissanayake, C. (2009). Autism spectrum disorders in infancy and toddlerhood: A review of the evidence on early signs, early identification tools, and early diagnosis. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 30, 447-459. doi: 10.1097/DBP.0b013e3181ba0f9f. Barbaro, J., & Dissanayake, C. (2013). Early markers of autism spectrum disorders in infants and toddlers prospectively identified in the Social Attention and Communication Study (SACS). Autism, 17(1), 64-86. doi:10.1177/1362361312442597. Herlihy, L., Knoch, K., Vibert, B., & Fein, D. (2015). Parents' first concerns about toddlers with autism spectrum disorder: Effect of sibling status. Autism, 19(1), 20-28. doi: 10.1177/1362361313509731. Johnson, M.H., Gliga, T., Jones., E., & Charman, T. (2015). Annual research review: Infant development, autism, and ADHD – early pathways to emerging disorders. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 56, 3, 228-247. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12328. O'Reilly, B., & Wicks, K. (2016). The complete autism handbook: The essential resource guide for autism spectrum disorder in Australia and New Zealand. Sydney: Ventura Press. Poon, K.K., Watson, L.R., Baranek, G.T., & Poe, M.D. (2012). To what extent do joint attention, imitation, and object play behaviors in infancy predict later communication and intellectual functioning in ASD? Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42(6), 1064-1074. doi: 10.1007/s10803-011-1349-z. Link to ASDetect: https://asdetect.org/ 9-minute autism behavioural signs video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YtvP5A5OHpU&ab_channel=KennedyKriegerInstitute Early signs of autism video: https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/children-autism-videos/early-signs-of-autism-parent-stories For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's celebrate World Autism Awareness Day! References: Autism & disability. (2021). Raising children network. Retrieved January 27, 2021 from https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/learning-about-autism Beaumont R, Sofronoff K. (2013) Multi-modal intervention for social skills training in students with high-functioning ASD: The Secret Agent Society. In: A Scarpa, SW White, T Attwood editors. CBT for Children and Adolescents with High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorders New York, United States: Guilford Press. p 173-98. Gantman A, Kapp SK, Orenski K, Laugeson ES. (2012) Social skills training for young adults with high functioning autism spectrum disorders: A randomized controlled pilot study. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 42: 1094-103. Janet E. Graetz (2010) Autism grows up: opportunities for adults with autism, Disability & Society, 25:1, 33-47, DOI: 10.1080/09687590903363324 Koegel L, Park M, Koegel R. (2014) Using self-management to improve the reciprocal social conversation of children with autism spectrum disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 44: 1055-63. Kristine Haertl, Danielle Callahan, Jeffrey Markovics & Sara Strouf Sheppard (2013) Perspectives of Adults Living With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Psychosocial and Occupational Implications, Occupational Therapy in Mental Health, 29:1, 27-41, DOI: 10.1080/0164212X.2012.760303 Mazurek MO. (2014) Loneliness, friendship, and well-being in adults with autism spectrum disorders. Autism 18: 223-32. Employment support networks: https://www.ndis.gov.au/participants/finding-keeping-and-changing-jobs/leaving-school http://www.autismlaunchpad.org.au/ https://icannetwork.online/ https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/school-play-work/school/school-relationships-asd?gclid=Cj0KCQjwmIuDBhDXARIsAFITC_6yu3wC8eOWUlhQhJe0KTArZ2qIZuiPhzBBc8Kdh5YQ_ihlBNUCfQcaAipSEALw_wcB Personal relationship strategies: https://www.autismspeaks.org/blog/10-things-know-about-dating-someone-autism For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about what ADHD is, how common autism and ADHD are in individuals, and the cause and impact these co-occurring conditions have on individuals. References: Autism and ADHD. (2017). Autism Spectrum Australia. Retrieved March 24, 2021. Casanova, M.F., Frye, R.E., Gillberg, C., & Casanova, E.L. (2020). Editorial: Comorbidity and autism spectrum disorder. Frontiers in Psychiatry. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.617395. Chen, M. H., Wei, H. T., Chen, L. C., Su, T. P., Bai, Y. M., Hsu, J. W., ... & Chen, Y. S. (2015). Autistic spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and psychiatric comorbidities: A nationwide study. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 10, 1-6. Davis, N. O., & Kollins, S. H. (2012). Treatment for co-occurring attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder. Neurotherapeutics, 9(3), 518-530. Gargaro, B. A., May, T., Tonge, B. J., Sheppard, D. M., Bradshaw, J. L., & Rinehart, N. J. (2014). Using the DBC-P Hyperactivity Index to screen for ADHD in young people with autism and ADHD: A pilot study. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 8(9), 1008-1015. Matson, J.L. (2016). Comorbid conditions among children with autism spectrum disorders. Berlin, Germany: Springer. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2018). Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Diagnosis and management. London: NICE. Retrieved 8 August 2019 from nice.org.uk/guidance/ng87. Thapar, A., Cooper, M., Eyre, O., & Langley, K. (2013). Practitioner review: What have we learnt about the causes of ADHD? Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54(1), 3-16. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02611.x. Van Steijn, D. J., Oerlemans, A. M., Van Aken, M. A., Buitelaar, J. K., & Rommelse, N. N. (2014). The reciprocal relationship of ASD, ADHD, depressive symptoms and stress in parents of children with ASD and/or ADHD. Journal of Autism and Dvelopmental Disorders, 44(5), 1064-1076. Zablotsky, B., Bramlett, M. D., & Blumberg, S. J. (2017). The Co-Occurrence of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children With ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 1087054717713638. ADHD links: https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/adhd.html https://raisingchildren.net.au/for-professionals/mental-health-resources/adhd-ocd-odd Autism and ADHD support: https://www.adhdsupportaustralia.com.au/adhd-listings/autism-community-network/ Support networks for ADHD: http://www.parentsforadhdadvocacy.com.au NSW: http://www.adhdsupportaustralia.com.au/ www.macquarieadhd.org.au www.adultadhd.org.au ACT: www.addact.org.au WA: www.adhdwa.org VIC: www.adhdsupport.org.au QLD: https://www.meetup.com/Brisbane-ADHD-Meetup/ For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about the strengths and abilities of individuals with autism and how parents can help encourage these strengths in their child. References: American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.) [DSM-5]. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association Publishing. Evers, K., Noens, I., Steyaert, J., & Wagemans, J. (2011). Combining strengths and weaknesses in visual perception of children with an autism spectrum disorder: Perceptual matching of facial expressions. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 5(4), 1327-1342. doi: 10.1016/j.rasd.2011.01.004. Schopler, E., & Mesibov, G.B. (Eds) (2013). Learning and cognition in autism. New York: Springer Science & Business Media. The Positives of Autism. (2021) Autism Awareness Centre Inc. Retrieved March 15, 2021 https://autismawarenesscentre.com/the-positives-of-autism/ Thinking and learning strengths in children with autism spectrum disorder. (2021). Raising children network. Retrieved March 16, 2021 https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/learning-about-autism/about-autism/learning-strengths-asd#special-topics-of-interest-and-autism-spectrum-disorder-nav-title Intervention programs links: https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/health-daily-care/daily-care/everyday-skills-for-children-with-asd https://www.autismspectrum.org.au/how-can-we-help/therapy-services https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/therapies-guide/visual-supports https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/therapies-guide/incidental-teaching https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/therapies-guide/aba Developmental assessments or IQ test links: https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/learning-about-autism/assessment-diagnosis/autism-diagnosis https://www.autismspectrum.org.au/how-can-we-help/getting-a-diagnosis/assessment-types For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about why girls camouflage their autism, the effects of camouflaging and how we can show our acceptance towards girls and women with autism. References: Camouflaging. (2021). National Geographic. Retrieved March 12, 2021, https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/camouflage Hull, L., Petrides, K. V., Allison, C., Smith, P., Baron-Cohen, S., Lai, M. C., Mandy, W. (2017). Putting on my best normal: Social camouflaging in adults with autism spectrum conditions. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorder, 47, 2519-2534. Hull, L., Petrides, K. V., Mandy, W. (2020). The Female Autism Phenotype and Camouflaging: a Narrative Review. Review-Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorder, 7, 306-317. Lai, M., Lai, M-C., Lombardo, M.V., Ruigrok, A.N.V., et al. (2017) ‘Quantifying and exploring camouflaging in men and women with autism.' Autism 21(6), 690-702. Mandy, W. (2019). Social camouflaging in autism: Is it time to lose the mark? PubMed https://doi.org/10.1177/1362361319878559 The Pattern of Abilities and Development of Girls with Asperger's Syndrome. (2021). Tony Attwood. Retrieved March 5, 2021. http://www.tonyattwood.com.au/books-by-tony-m/archived-papers/80-the-pattern-of-abilities-and-development-of-girls-with-aspergers-syndrome What Exactly Is Camouflaging. (2018). Tony Attwood. Retrieved March 10, 2021. https://attwoodandgarnettevents.com/2019/12/04/camouflaging-girls-and-women-with-autism-by-prof-tony-attwood-and-dr-michelle-garnett/ For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about why we may see less girls with autism and why autism is less recognisable in girls. References: Attwood, T., Grandin, T., & Bolick, T. (2006). Asperger's' and Girls. Arlington, Texas, 2006. Autism and girls. (2021). Autism Awareness Australia. Retrieved March 3, 2021 https://www.autismawareness.com.au/could-it-be-autism/autism-and-girls/ Autism-It's Different in Girls. (2016). Scientific American. Retrieved March 4, 2021. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/autism-it-s-different-in-girls/ Interventions for Girls and Women on the Autism Spectrum. (2019). Simmons University. Retrieved March 4, 2021 https://online.simmons.edu/blog/interventions-girls-women-autism-spectrum/ The Pattern of Abilities and Development of Girls with Asperger's Syndrome. (2021). Tony Attwood. Retrieved March 5, 2021. http://www.tonyattwood.com.au/books-by-tony-m/archived-papers/80-the-pattern-of-abilities-and-development-of-girls-with-aspergers-syndrome Why Many Autistic Girls are Overlooked. (2021). Child Mind Institute. Retrieved March 5, 2021 https://childmind.org/article/autistic-girls-overlooked-undiagnosed-autism/ Links to the articles and book about autism in girls: The Pattern of Abilities and Development of Girls with Asperger's Syndrome – by Tony Attwood http://www.tonyattwood.com.au/about-aspergers/girls-and-women-who-have-aspergers https://suelarkey.com.au/girls-with-asd-3/ Aspergirls by Rudy Simone: https://www.bookdepository.com/Aspergirls-Rudy-Simone/9781849058261 For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about what is involved in diagnosing autism. References: American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th ed. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association; 2013. Autism & disability. (2021). Raising children network. Retrieved February 23, 2021 https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/learning-about-autism/assessment-diagnosis/dsm-5-asd-diagnosis Autism & disability. (2021). Raising children network. Retrieved February 24, 2021 from https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/learning-about-autism/assessment-diagnosis/autism-diagnosis Autism & disability. (2021). Raising children network. Retrieved February 25, 2021 https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/learning-about-autism/assessment-diagnosis/worried-about-asd For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about two common myths around autism, including all individuals with autism are the same and autism is caused by bad parenting. References: Autism & disability. (2021). Raising children network. Retrieved January 27, 2021 from https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/learning-about-autism Autism spectrum disorder: Fighting myths with evidence. (2021). Orygen: The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health.Retrieved February 11, 2021 from https://www.orygen.org.au/Training/Resources/Neurodevelopmental-disorders/Mythbusters/Autism-spectrum-disorder-Fighting-myths-with-evid/Orygen-fighting-myths-about-ASD-with-evidence-myth?ext=. Bennett M., Webster A.A., Goodall E., & Rowland S. (2018). Translating Autism Myths into Positive Futures. In: Life on the Autism Spectrum. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3359-0_1 Common misconceptions. (2021). Autism Association of Western Australia. Retrieved February 5, 2021 from https://www.autism.org.au/what-is-autism/common-misconceptions/ For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about more of the myths around autism, such as individuals with autism don't want relationships, individuals with autism don't experience the typical full range of emotions and all individuals with autism have Savant syndrome. References: Autism & disability. (2021). Raising children network. Retrieved January 27, 2021 from https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/learning-about-autism Autism spectrum disorder: Fighting myths with evidence. (2021). Orygen: The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health.Retrieved February 11, 2021 from https://www.orygen.org.au/Training/Resources/Neurodevelopmental-disorders/Mythbusters/Autism-spectrum-disorder-Fighting-myths-with-evid/Orygen-fighting-myths-about-ASD-with-evidence-myth?ext=. Common misconceptions. (2021). Autism Association of Western Australia. Retrieved February 5, 2021 from https://www.autism.org.au/what-is-autism/common-misconceptions/ Treffert, D.A. (2014). Savant Syndrome: Realities, Myths and Misconceptions. J Autism Dev Disorder.44(1), 564-571. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-013-1906-8 Links to the videos and articles about autism and socialising from the Raising Children Network: https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/communicating-relationships/connecting/friends-peers-asd https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/communicating-relationships/connecting/being-friends-with-autistic-teens https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/communicating-relationships/connecting/socialising-teens-autism https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/communicating-relationships/connecting/romantic-relationships-feelings-autistic-teenagers https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/communicating-relationships/connecting/social-situations-autism https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/communicating-relationships/connecting/social-skills-for-children-with-asd https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/communicating-relationships/connecting/interacting-with-others-autistic-children https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/communicating-relationships/connecting/social-skills-autistic-children-role-play https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/communicating-relationships/connecting/social-skills-for-teens-with-asd For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about the myths that autism is becoming an epidemic, all individuals with autism are violent and they all have an intellectual disability? References: Autism & disability. (2021). Raising children network. Retrieved January 27, 2021 from https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/learning-about-autism Bennett M., Webster A.A., Goodall E., & Rowland S. (2018). Translating Autism Myths into Positive Futures. In: Life on the Autism Spectrum. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3359-0_1 Common misconceptions. (2021). Autism Association of Western Australia. Retrieved February 5, 2021 from https://www.autism.org.au/what-is-autism/common-misconceptions/ Myths. (2021). Autism Awareness Australia. Retrieved February 3, 2021 from https://www.autismawareness.com.au/could-it-be-autism/myths/ For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.

In this episode, let's talk about what autism is, the characteristics and if there's a cause. References: Autism & disability. (2021). Raising children network. Retrieved January 27, 2021 from https://raisingchildren.net.au/autism/learning-about-autism Park, H. R., Lee, J. M., Moon, H. E., Lee, D. S., Kim, B. N., Kim, J., Kim, D. G., & Paek, S. (2016). A Short Review on the Current Understanding of Autism Spectrum Disorders.Exp Neurobiol, 25(1), 1-13. http://doi.org/10.5607/en.2016.25.1.1 What is autism. (2021). Autism Spectrum Australia. Retrieved January 26, 2021 from https://www.autismspectrum.org.au/about-autism/what-is-autism For more information, head over to Aspect Australia - www.autismspectrum.org.au. Disclaimer: I'm not a professional, just a student with a passion for autism.