Podcasts about political campaigning

Join us for a powerful conversation with Larry Ward, President of Political Media Incorporated (PMI), as we explore the intersection of politics, marketing, and digital freedom. With decades of experience across the political, corporate, and non-profit worlds, Larry shares how PMI has helped shape the modern political landscape — all while staying ahead of the curve in a rapidly changing media environment. From pioneering digital outreach in the early 2000s to tackling the challenges of online censorship and algorithmic suppression, PMI has consistently led with innovation and conviction. In this episode, we break down the tools, strategies, and principles that continue to drive their mission forward. In this episode, you'll hear about: How digital platforms transformed political engagement. The subtle yet powerful ways censorship creeps into online advertising. How targeted messaging thrives even in suppressed environments. What AI means for the future of political speech and media strategy. If you're curious about the future of free speech, or how real change is driven through media strategy, this episode is a must-watch. Explore Larry's work and case studies at Politicalmedia.com/case-studies

As Dutton launched his election policy on reducing crime today , in this edition of the Conversation Hour, we look at how social media is changing when politicians campaign. We also look at the issue of what happens to your data when you recycle your tech plus, we look at TikTok's cookie challenge and what it tells us about our children's propensity to share.

Most Conservatives think being "interested" or "passionate" is the same thing as being effective. Well, it isn't...Being politically effective in campaigning - whether it's for a candidate or a cause - is a trainable skill that produces superior results. In this video, I walk through how Conservative Christians can WIN in TN! Give this a watch and stay tuned for our upcoming Conservative Candidates Academy where I'll dig deeper into the mechanics of political victory. Please take the time to tell me what you think in the comments section.Your Freedom Fighter & Friend,Brandon LewisPublisher, Tennessee Conservative News

In this conversation, Michelle Glogovac and Rhonda Foxx discuss the importance of women's voices in politics, the creation of the Persist network, and the need for civic engagement. Rhonda shares her experiences running for Congress and the challenges women face in political spaces. They emphasize the significance of grassroots organizing and the power of community in advocating for change. The conversation highlights the role of education in civic engagement and the necessity for women to support one another in their political endeavors. What We're Talking About The Persist network aims to keep women connected and politically engaged. Women need to be encouraged to run for office and take leadership roles. Civic education is crucial for empowering future generations. Politics affects every aspect of our lives, making engagement essential. Grassroots organizing can lead to significant change in communities. Women often need to be asked multiple times to run for office. Political campaigns can be grueling and require resilience. Community building is vital for sustaining political movements. Advocacy and calling representatives can influence political decisions. The future of women's representation depends on collective action and support. Chapters 00:00 Introduction and Importance of Women's Voices 02:50 The Persist Network: Building a Coalition 05:48 The Role of Politics in Everyday Life 09:03 Civic Engagement and Education 12:04 Running for Office: Rhonda's Experience 18:00 The Challenges of Political Campaigning 20:52 Engagement and Advocacy: The Power of the People 25:11 Future of Persist and Community Building Links Mentioned The Persist Network on Instagram ‌https://instagram.com/ThePersistNetwork  The Persist Network on BlueSky https://bsky.app/profile/thepersistnetwork.bsky.social

- Music Video Introduction and Interview Announcement (0:00) - Gut Health Program and Interview with Mellow Cat (4:11) - Radical Left Attacks and Judicial Interference (6:06) - Trump's Aggressive Stance and Radical Left's Violence (9:15) - White College Educated Women and Trump Derangement Syndrome (11:49) - Special Report on Vaccines and Bio-Weapons (22:24) - Book Review: 20 Mechanisms of Injuries by Dr. Sherry Tenpenny (27:37) - Chemtrails, HAARP, and Full Spectrum Dominance (34:42) - Mayor of Boston's Defiance and Trump's Response (1:04:21) - Interview with Maxime Bernier: Canada's Populist Movement (1:06:18) - Maxime Bernier's Political Journey and Platform (1:23:50) - Canadian Media Bias and Political Campaigning (1:26:55) - Prime Minister Justin Trudeau and Canadian Politics (1:30:39) - Economic and Energy Policies in Canada (1:35:29) - Immigration and Cultural Integration in Canada (1:49:57) - Trade Relations with the US and Global Politics (1:58:50) - Financial Challenges and Future Prospects (1:59:22) - Cultural Preservation and National Identity (2:06:05) - Conclusion and Final Thoughts (2:07:52) For more updates, visit: http://www.brighteon.com/channel/hrreport NaturalNews videos would not be possible without you, as always we remain passionately dedicated to our mission of educating people all over the world on the subject of natural healing remedies and personal liberty (food freedom, medical freedom, the freedom of speech, etc.). Together, we're helping create a better world, with more honest food labeling, reduced chemical contamination, the avoidance of toxic heavy metals and vastly increased scientific transparency. ▶️ Every dollar you spend at the Health Ranger Store goes toward helping us achieve important science and content goals for humanity: https://www.healthrangerstore.com/ ▶️ Sign Up For Our Newsletter: https://www.naturalnews.com/Readerregistration.html ▶️ Brighteon: https://www.brighteon.com/channels/hrreport ▶️ Join Our Social Network: https://brighteon.social/@HealthRanger ▶️ Check In Stock Products at: https://PrepWithMike.com

Are you aware of the tricks that political messaging uses to manipulate your emotions? Or your attention? Or to simply dodge the hard questions? Here, Osher breaks down the most commonly seen examples - with the hope that being able to recognise them will keep you more calm in the lead up to the coming election, and steer you to better discussions, better information and a vote you feel better about. Plus, once you know them, you'll see that these mental and logical manipulations don’t solely appear in political campaigning either... STORY CLUB IS NEARLY HERE - MARCH 9. Details and tickets here. Send Osher your thoughts on this (or anything) hereSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

We're back for Episode 12 of the Mania Podcast, here's what we covered this week: 00:00 Introduction 06:00 Temu Hair & Bills Chiefs 12:00 Behind the Scenes of Filming - Baldoni Case Continued 18:00 Personal Anecdotes and Reflections 23:12 Media Manipulation and Celebrity Privacy 25:06 Cancel Culture and Its Consequences 26:40 The Legal System and Its Flaws 29:03 Public Perception vs. Reality in Politics 31:47 Theatrical Politics and Public Image 35:31 The Evolution of Political Campaigning 40:56 "The Traitors" Talk - Reality TV and Social Dynamics 45:29 The Dynamics of Trust and Betrayal 46:09 Voting and Elimination Strategies 48:00 The Stress of Being a Traitor 49:41 The Complexity of Social Dynamics 50:54 The Appeal of Reality Shows 53:02 Casting and Reality Show Dynamics 55:08 Survivor vs. Traitors: A Comparison 56:13 Developing Strategies for Reality Games 01:01:06 The Nature of Tourette's and Humor 01:03:11 Handling Online Trolls and Controversies 01:04:53 Navigating Personal Boundaries in Relationships 01:05:31 Safety Concerns with DoorDash 01:11:03 Real-Life Experiences of Threat and Safety 01:12:10 Cultural Perspectives on Women's Safety 01:14:02 Balancing Personal Goals and Life Changes 01:16:30 The Mental Game in Competitive Environments 01:20:47 Everyday Life and Relationship Dynamics    On this episode ANegs and DNegs cover a wide range of topics in this conversation, kicking things off with a hilarious story involving a hair crimper before diving into thoughtful discussions on body image, gender norms, and a legal battle between Justin Baldoni and Ryan Reynolds. They share behind-the-scenes anecdotes about filming and explore how public perception shapes Hollywood narratives. The conversation gets deeper as they unpack issues like media manipulation, celebrity privacy, cancel culture, and flaws in the legal system. They touch on how public personas often differ from private realities, even in politics, and discuss how political campaigning has evolved with the rise of podcasts. Reality TV takes center stage as Daniel and Amanda dig into the drama of shows like Traders, analyzing the complex dynamics of trust and betrayal between “traitors” and “faithfuls.” They break down voting strategies, social tensions, and how these shows compare to others like Survivor. On a personal note, they share stories about humor, navigating online controversies, and managing Tourette's. Wrapping things up, they discuss topics like setting personal boundaries, safety concerns with food delivery, real-life threats, cultural perspectives on women's safety, balancing life changes, and the mental challenges of competitive environments—all while reflecting on the ups and downs of everyday relationships.  Check out my MasterClass: https://www.masterclass.com/classes/daniel-negreanu-teaches-poker Use PROMO CODE KIDPOKER20 to get 20% off at https://contendersclothing.com/?rfsn=2748061.19d46 Check out my MANIA Podcast at https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast​... and subscribe on iTunes.  Follow Me, Daniel Negreanu, Online Here: https://linktr.ee/dnegspoker https://twitter.com/RealKidPoker https://www.instagram.com/dnegspoker/ https://www.facebook.com/DNegsPoker

In this episode of My Simplified Life, host Michelle Glogovac interviews Victor Shi, a young political activist and former delegate. They discuss Victor's early involvement in politics, his experiences in various campaigns, most recently on the Harris Walz campaign, and the importance of community engagement. Victor shares insights on the role of young people in politics, the impact of podcasting, and the significance of local politics. The conversation emphasizes the need for authentic connections and the power of grassroots movements in shaping democracy. What We're Talking About... Victor started his political journey at the age of 13. The influence of a supportive teacher can spark political interest. Young people are crucial for political campaigns and community engagement. Podcasts provide a platform for authentic conversations. Local politics significantly impact daily lives and communities. Building community is essential in combating loneliness. Family support can shape one's career path in politics. Engaging in political discussions can inspire others to take action. Every small action contributes to the larger democratic process. Authenticity in communication is vital for connecting with constituents. Chapters 00:00 Introduction and Connection 07:28 Experiences in Political Campaigning 13:16 Podcasting Journey and Impact 19:19 Family Support and Cultural Background 25:33 The Role of Podcasts in Politics 31:26 Conclusion and Future Connections 32:01 Building Community in Challenging Times 33:26 Taking Action: Getting Involved in Politics Links Mentioned Victor Shi's Instagram https://instagram.com/victorshi2020 

Did the Democrats lose the presidential election by focusing too much on personality politics? We explore this critical question and dissect the fascinating dynamics of the recent election victory of Donald Trump. The episode uncovers the strategic missteps of the Democratic Party, who seemed more concerned with attacking Trump's character than presenting a compelling vision for the country. By doing so, they missed an opportunity to connect with potential voters, including felons who might align with their values. Trump's simple yet powerful "Make America Great Again" message resonated with voters, providing a stark contrast to the Democrats' muddled strategy — a stark reminder of the importance of clear and consistent messaging in political campaigns.Winning involves more than just participation, and our discussion today emphasizes entering political races with the earnestness and strategy needed for success. Both Republicans and Democrats can learn from recent setbacks, similar to losing a championship game, and use these experiences as fuel for future victories. We express disappointment in the Democrats' recent performance, urging political players to maintain focus and determination. Ending on a motivational note, we encourage our listeners to view setbacks as stepping stones to success, reminding everyone that resilience and persistence are key to overcoming challenges and excelling in any endeavor.Send us a textWe want to hear from you, Introduce yourself the way you would like it aired, where your calling from State and City is fine as well as which Season, Podcast title and episode. Call the Studio at 212-718-0330 and leave your comments Call the studio to respond 212-718-0330Support the showWhat part of the game is that. August 2022WhatPartOfTheGameIsThat.com, Wpotgit.com

In this episode, I welcome Maria Giannopoulos who shares her unique journey at the intersection of politics and technology, particularly her role in the 2024 Republican National Convention. She discusses the extensive planning involved in organizing such a large-scale event, developing a digital strategy to engage both on-site attendees and online audiences, and the increasing importance of influencers in political campaigns. Maria also reflects on her experience at Google, the cautious approach tech companies take towards elections, and her insights on future trends in digital politics, including the potential impact of AI and AR/VR technologies.Maria is known as @greekmaria on various social media platforms and you can also find her at Greekmaria.com. Please support the curation and analysis I'm doing with this newsletter. As a paid subscriber, you make it possible for me to bring you in-depth analyses of the most pressing issues in tech and politics. Get full access to Anchor Change with Katie Harbath at anchorchange.substack.com/subscribe

In this episode of Upgrade America, we dive into the rise of Humanoid Killer Robots and their implications on warfare and society. We also explore the role of Social Media as a PsyOp, manipulating public perception, and its impact on Political Campaigning. Shifting gears, we tackle the cultural phenomenon of NFL and College Football, how it's intertwined with local politics, and the influence of Local Politicians on our daily lives. Plus, we review the Netflix Terminator Anime Series, a chilling look at AI domination. Finally, we discuss the importance of Unplugging from Social Media and taking control of your digital life. Tune in for a hard-hitting discussion on tech, sports, and society, all through the lens of progress and empowerment.

Fred Wellman, Army combat veteran and Host of On the Line with VoteVets.org joins Afternoons Live with Tyler Axness to discuss the fallout following former President Trump's recent visit to Arlington National Cemetery. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Nic Zateslo joins The Great Battlefield podcast to talk about his career in political technology and his role at Votivate, where they're building field software that incorporates AI for Political campaigns.

Wednesday, August 7th 2024Today, Kamala Harris has chosen Minnesota Governor Tim Walz as her vice presidential running mate; Republican Representative Andy Ogles has been hit with an FBI search warrant; the en banc Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals upholds Maryland's assault weapons ban; now the North Carolina election board is investigating Elon Musk's pro-Trump PAC after a voter data complaint; Donald hikes his Mar-a-Lago membership to $1m, raising concerns of selling access; union workers at Crooked Media stage a walkout to protest ‘anti-union negotiating tactics'; plus Allison and Dana deliver your Good News.Promo Code:For a limited time, HomeChef is offering you 18 Free Meals, plus Free Shipping on your first box, and Free Dessert for Life. At https://www.HomeChef.com/DAILYBEANS.Our GuestsRick Smiththericksmithshow.comThe Rick Smith Show (freespeech.org)twitter.com/RickSmithShowThe Rick Smith Show Podcast (Apple Podcasts)Dave Aronberghttps://twitter.com/aronberghttps://www.youtube.com/@TrueCrimeMTNhttps://linktr.ee/davearonbergStoriesFBI agents execute search warrant on Tennessee Congressman Andy Ogles, NewsChannel 5 confirms (NewsChannel5 Nashville)North Carolina election board investigates Elon Musk's pro-Trump PAC after voter data complaint (CNBC)Trump hikes Mar-a-Lago membership to $1m, raising concerns of selling access (The Guardian)Workers at ‘Pod Save America' Producer Crooked Media Stage Walkout to Protest Alleged ‘Anti-Union Negotiating Tactics' (Variety)Give to the Kamala Harris Presidential CampaignKamala Harris (MSW Media Donation Link) — Donate via ActBlueCheck out other MSW Media podcastshttps://mswmedia.com/shows/Subscribe to Lawyers, Guns, And MoneyAd-free premium feed: https://lawyersgunsandmoney.supercast.comSubscribe for free everywhere else:https://lawyersgunsandmoney.simplecast.com/episodes/1-miami-1985Subscribe for free to MuellerSheWrote on Substackhttps://muellershewrote.substack.comFollow AG and Dana on Social MediaDr. Allison Gill Follow Mueller, She Wrote on Posthttps://post.news/@/MuellerSheWrote?utm_source=TwitterAG&utm_medium=creator_organic&utm_campaign=muellershewrote&utm_content=FollowMehttps://muellershewrote.substack.comhttps://twitter.com/MuellerSheWrotehttps://www.threads.net/@muellershewrotehttps://www.tiktok.com/@muellershewrotehttps://instagram.com/muellershewroteDana Goldberghttps://twitter.com/DGComedyhttps://www.instagram.com/dgcomedyhttps://www.facebook.com/dgcomedyhttps://danagoldberg.comHave some good news; a confession; or a correction to share?Good News & Confessions - The Daily Beanshttps://www.dailybeanspod.com/confessional/From The Good NewsKamala Harris (MSW Media Donation Link) — Donate via ActBlueAntiretroviral Prophylaxis for HIV Prevention in Heterosexual Men and Women (the New England Journal of Medicine)www.nanustudio.coinstagram.com/nanustudiocoCheck Your Voter Registration!! (Vote.org) Live Show Ticket Links:https://allisongill.com (for all tickets and show dates)Friday August 16th Washington, DC - with Andy McCabe, Pete Strzok, Glenn Kirschner https://tinyurl.com/Beans-in-DCSaturday August 24 San Francisco, CA https://tinyurl.com/Beans-SF Listener Survey:http://survey.podtrac.com/start-survey.aspx?pubid=BffJOlI7qQcF&ver=shortFollow the Podcast on Apple:The Daily Beans on Apple PodcastsWant to support the show and get it ad-free and early?Supercasthttps://dailybeans.supercast.com/OrPatreon https://patreon.com/thedailybeansOr subscribe on Apple Podcasts with our affiliate linkThe Daily Beans on Apple Podcasts

BC Premier Eby is amping up his political campaigning in Surrey. The North Shore nightmare continues! In a different story, Premier Eby says the province may intervene on unaccountable spending at Metro Vancouver. PLUS Mike and Keith briefly discuss election advertising. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode the PK's discuss their thoughts on politicians coming to churches along their campaign trail. Should this be allowed?

In this episode Elizabeth delves into the fascinating world of data and personalization with Hamish Marshall, former National Campaign Manager for the Conservative Party of Canada and seasoned expert at the crossroads of data and politics. They explore the evolution from the Two-Step Flow to the One-Step Flow of Communication, examining how data personalization and the changing media landscape have shifted the way information is disseminated in political campaigns. Hamish shares real-world insights into the practicalities and challenges of data-driven campaigning, touching on the nuances of voter targeting, the effectiveness of door-knocking, and the potential of personalized campaign strategies.Additional Resources:Elizabeth relies on Bennett and Manheim's article, The One-Step Flow of Communication, to outline the theory. To provide historical context, The Two-Step Flow of Communication by Katz is referenced. For further information on data-driven campaigning, consult Just what is data-driven campaigning? A systematic review by Dommet, Barclay, and Gibson. Hamish discusses the limitations of data targeting in political campaigns, referencing the varied effectiveness of these strategies in different jurisdictions due to privacy laws and data availability. For more information about data laws and availability, consult:Elections Canada's collection of personal information and data privacy practices,This Reuters article on the use of data in political campaigns in US elections, This piece about the German government's support of banning the use of personal data in political campaigning, and The UK's guidelines for the use of personal data in political campaigns.  Check out www.polcommtech.ca for annotated transcripts of this episode in English and French.

This week Elizabeth chats with Dave Sommer, Vice President of Strategic Communication at Enterprise Canada, former Head of Politics and Government at Instagram in Washington, D.C., and former Deputy Director of Communications, Digital, for Prime Minister Justin Trudeau in Ottawa. They chat about the use of social media in political campaigning, where personal influence fits in, and how it has evolved over time.Additional Resources:Elizabeth and Dave discuss how social media can be a tool to help connect with existing political audiences and potentially mobilize folks who are on your side. Learn more about this from Andrew Hugh's book chapter, Weapons of Mass Consumption: Social and Digital Media in Political Campaigns.Elizabeth mentions that social media may be changing how campaigns leverage volunteers and online relationships. Bruce Bimber's article, Digital Media in the Obama Campaigns: Adaptation to the Personalized Political Communication Environment, argues that Obama set a precedent for this type of engagement.Elizabeth notes that social media platforms are constantly evolving and she chats with Dave about how some are choosing to deprioritize political content. For more on how changes in platform structure can influence campaigning, see The Digital Architectures of Social Media.Elizabeth and Dave touch on the importance of authenticity in social media. For more on this, listen to our Season 1 episode on Authenticity with Kevin Parent.Dave talks about his experience developing the  "I voted" stickers on Instagram in 2018 and Meta's Voter Information Center in 2020.Dave references NDP leader Jagmeet Singh's use of TikTok in the last election. For more on this, see The Use of TikTok for Political Campaigning in Canada: The Case of Jagmeet Singh.Elizabeth brings up the idea that the candidate that you want to have a beer with may be the candidate you're more likely to vote for, to which Dave recalls the “beer summit”  and that neither Trump nor Biden drink.Throughout the discussion, Dave is reminded of the famous quote: “Just because you do not take an interest in politics doesn't mean politics won't take an interest in you." Check out www.polcommtech.ca for annotated transcripts of this episode in English and French.

When you have a solid political campaign design, you want as many eyes on it as possible. Call Big Daddy's Signs at +1-800-535-2139 or click https://bigdaddyssigns.com/vehicle-magnets/ to order custom vehicle magnets that help you bring your message across Georgia! Big Daddy's Signs City: Laconia Address: 24 Lexington Drive Website https://bigdaddyssigns.com Phone +1-800-535-2139 Email sales@bigdaddyssigns.com

It seems like as soon as one election ends, or even before, we're looking ahead to the next one. Candidates announce that they're running years in advance, and the media shares polls that could change drastically before any voting actually happens. Voters can start to feel burnt out, and people in office have to focus more on campaigning than actually governing - but candidates need time to get their message out. Is it helpful or harmful to have such a long buildup to each election? Dr. Benjamin Dworkin, director of the Rowan University Institute for Public Policy & Citizenship, joins us to talk about how elections got this way and the effects this has on voters and our government. To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Brian Greig and James McKenzie discuss the Australian Right's use of Trumpian misinformation  techniques during the Voice Referendum campaign and possible impacts on the Albanese Government's LGBTIQA policy reform.  LGBTIQA+ Advocacy & Action | Just.Equal Australia  3CR broadcasts from the stolen lands of the Kulin Nation.  

After a gruelling six weeks, Politicians have had a frantic final day of campaigning, ahead of voting closing tomorrow night. Polls suggest National and ACT have the edge - but would need New Zealand First's help to form a government. But Labour Leader Chris Hipkins insists his party is getting a surge in support. Here's our political reporter, Katie Scotcher. Political editor Jane Patterson joins us now in the studio. [embed] https://players.brightcove.net/6093072280001/default_default/index.html?videoId=6338965882112

Join host Paul Spain and guest Ben Guerin, Co-founder at Topham Guerin, as they discuss the power of media in political campaigns, technology's impact on politics, online communication, the future of social media and the evolving landscape of advertising in the digital age. Plus NZ's Letterboxd sells majority stake and a look at Auckland Transport Cyber-attacks.

Ever wonder how political campaigns have transformed over the years? Discover how political marketing has embraced corporate strategies, as we analyse the image management and PR tactics of iconic leaders like Margaret Thatcher and Tony Blair. Learn about how the introduction of television altered politicians' presentations and the roles played by public relations experts like Tim Bell in shaping campaigns.Finally, we explore the professionalisation of modern political campaigns and ponder the future of this ever-changing landscape, including the greater use of voter profiling and data-driven campaigns. For an overview of the air war:Rosenbaum, M. (2016). From soapbox to soundbite: Party political campaigning in Britain since 1945. Springer.Developments in the ground war in the later years are documented in:Denver, D., & Hands, G. (2013). Modern constituency electioneering: Local campaigning in the 1992 general election. Routledge.One of the best studies of the influences of marketing and public relations is:Scammell, M. (2016). Designer politics: How elections are won. Springer.For an overview of the psychology of campaigning see:Lilleker, D. (2014). Political Communication and Cognition. Springer.Finally,  a work on spin and New Labour from an ex-BBC journalist:Jones, N. (2000). Sultans of spin: the media and the New Labour government Orion Books.

In the twelfth episode of our fourth season, Jack speaks with Alex Williams. Alex is a graduate of the University of Mississippi with a degree in public policy leadership and two minors in history and intelligence and security studies. His career has spanned economic development, legislative affairs, and political campaigns, and he has as been involved in multiple campaigns at the governor, attorney general, and U.S. Senate levels. Alex currently serves as the Director of Workforce at the Rome Floyd County Chamber of Commerce. Listen to this episode with Jack and Alex that gives an inside look at the political campaign life as well as building a workforce in today's society that's sustainable for the future.Learn more about Alex along with our other guests on the fourth season of our podcast on Jack's website at jackwwilliams.com/podcast.

The role of social media in spreading political misinformation has received considerable attention. But various forms of social media also facilitate and enable participatory democracy across boundaries. They help to hold leaders to account as well as provide channels for airing the needs and demands of marginalised communities and vulnerable groups. These demands can sometimes even be propelled to the centre of public debates. While there has been considerable focus on Twitter and Facebook, the private messaging application WhatsApp has emerged as a especially popular medium for inter-personal communication. But WhatsApp has not received the attention it deserves. What is so special about WhatsApp and how and why has it emerged as the main form of communication for a wide range of actors on the African continent? Jamie Hitchen is an independent research analyst and Honorary Research Fellow at the University of Birmingham. He has written extensively on social media in West Africa and recently co-edited a volume with Idayat Hassan entitled WhatsApp and Everyday Life in West Africa: Beyond Fake News. Twitter: @jchitchenResourcesSocial Media Disruption: Nigeria's WhatsApp Politics, Journal of Democracy (2020)If blackouts don't work, what might? Tackling fake news in West Africa, African Arguments (2022)Host:Professor Dan Banik, University of Oslo, Twitter: @danbanik  @GlobalDevPodApple Google Spotify YouTubehttps://in-pursuit-of-development.simplecast.com/

Political campaigner James Flynn joins Jonathan for a conversation about the techniques, tactics and strategies of contemporary political campaigning, followed by analysis of the recently concluded federal election in Australia. James Flynn has run 19 campaigns across federal, state and local levels, including House and Senate races in the most recent federal election. He has served as an advisor to ministers and MPs across all levels of government and has worked in business (tech sector). The Political Animals is hosted by Dr Jonathan Cole, an academic, writer, speaker and translator specialising in political theology: the intersection of religion and politics. Jonathan was a senior terrorism analyst at Australian intelligence agency the Office of National Assessments where he worked on Islamist terrorism and the global jihadist movement. He is the author of Christian Political Theology in an Age of Discontent: Mediating Scripture, Doctrine, and Political Reality. You can follow Jonathan and the show on Twitter and Facebook.

In this episode, we will be looking at how the uses of data and algorithms change political campaigning.

Political campaigns - do they pass the pub test?See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Political campaigns - do they pass the pub test?

Michael Broder introduces his political campaign expertise into predictive analytics for the real estate industry, a fascinating integration

Bio Michael Broder serves as president and chief executive officer of Brightline Strategies. Prior to forming the company in January 1999, Mr. Broder served as campaign strategist and media consultant to several gubernatorial, senatorial and congressional candidates throughout the northeast region during the 1994, 1996 and 1998 election cycles. He also served in the Office of Political Affairs in the first Bush Administration.Mr. Broder’s work has received numerous awards including: Pollie, Telly, ADDY, AMR Gold Medals, and the International Television and Video Association Award of Excellence. He has lectured at the George Washington University’s undergraduate School of Political Communications and the Graduate School of Political Management. Mr. Broder holds a B.A. in Political Communications from The George Washington University, a M.A. in Campaign Management from the Graduate School of Political Management at The George Washington University, and a J.D. from The Catholic University of America, Columbus School of Law. Brightline Strategies BRIGHTLINE IS A RESEARCH AND ADVISORY SERVICES FIRM FOR THE HIGH-STAKES BUSINESS OF REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT, MARKETING AND MANAGEMENT. For 20 years, we have helped some of the most recognized names (and many other “up and comers”) shape their strategies, mitigate risk, drive preference, pace and premiums, maximize asset value and expand portfolios across markets and borders. While we specialize in real estate, past engagements span a diverse client base including technology, life science, energy, sports, professional services, and non-profits. This diversity ensures every client benefits from the cross-pollination of our lessons learned and results achieved. BORN FROM THE SCIENCE AND DISCIPLINE OF POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS, WE BELIEVE REAL ESTATE COMPANIES ARE CANDIDATES AND EVERY DAY IS ELECTION DAY. Each day, prospects vote with their “preferences”. Tenants with a “like” or “retweet”. Brokers with their recommendations. Financiers with their investments. Policy makers with their advocacy. The media with their stories. In today's information democracy, all of these constituencies affect reputation, market demand, pace, premiums, retention, and overall portfolio value. Just like assembling a winning election-day coalition, it's all about the connections we see and how we help you bring them together to deliver better paths to growth. Show Notes Company & Current Role Founded in 1998 providing primary audience research for predictive analysis for developers and owners about tenant demand and about site locations (3:40)Primary audience polling data approach (5:00)Use focusing lens of polling data and what drives decision making and overlays it with traditional real estate

Bio Michael Broder serves as president and chief executive officer of Brightline Strategies. Prior to forming the company in January 1999, Mr. Broder served as campaign strategist and media consultant to several gubernatorial, senatorial and congressional candidates throughout the northeast region during the 1994, 1996 and 1998 election cycles. He also served in the Office of Political Affairs in the first Bush Administration.Mr. Broder’s work has received numerous awards including: Pollie, Telly, ADDY, AMR Gold Medals, and the International Television and Video Association Award of Excellence. He has lectured at the George Washington University’s undergraduate School of Political Communications and the Graduate School of Political Management. Mr. Broder holds a B.A. in Political Communications from The George Washington University, a M.A. in Campaign Management from the Graduate School of Political Management at The George Washington University, and a J.D. from The Catholic University of America, Columbus School of Law. Brightline Strategies BRIGHTLINE IS A RESEARCH AND ADVISORY SERVICES FIRM FOR THE HIGH-STAKES BUSINESS OF REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT, MARKETING AND MANAGEMENT. For 20 years, we have helped some of the most recognized names (and many other “up and comers”) shape their strategies, mitigate risk, drive preference, pace and premiums, maximize asset value and expand portfolios across markets and borders. While we specialize in real estate, past engagements span a diverse client base including technology, life science, energy, sports, professional services, and non-profits. This diversity ensures every client benefits from the cross-pollination of our lessons learned and results achieved. BORN FROM THE SCIENCE AND DISCIPLINE OF POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS, WE BELIEVE REAL ESTATE COMPANIES ARE CANDIDATES AND EVERY DAY IS ELECTION DAY. Each day, prospects vote with their “preferences”. Tenants with a “like” or “retweet”. Brokers with their recommendations. Financiers with their investments. Policy makers with their advocacy. The media with their stories. In today's information democracy, all of these constituencies affect reputation, market demand, pace, premiums, retention, and overall portfolio value. Just like assembling a winning election-day coalition, it's all about the connections we see and how we help you bring them together to deliver better paths to growth. Show Notes Company & Current Role Founded in 1998 providing primary audience research for predictive analysis for developers and owners about tenant demand and about site locations (3:40)Primary audience polling data approach (5:00)Use focusing lens of polling data and what drives decision making and overlays it with traditional real estate

The Pod is back! This season we will be hearing from a variety of voices in the political community all with a focus on Political Campaigning. Stay tuned this season for a discussion on volunteering for a campaign, breaking down campaign finance, and how to get involved in a campaign near you. You can find the pod on Patreon at Patreon.com/nonpoliticalpolitics; Facebook at Facebook.com/nonpoliticalpolitics; Twitter at @Politics_Non and streaming on most platforms! A huge shoutout to ReMi for creating the new music for the podcast. You can find him on Instagram (@northlandremi), check out his website (https://sites.google.com/view/remimusic/home), or find his work on Spotify and Apple Music. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/emma-olson2/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/emma-olson2/support

 Running for any political position is a challenge, but some are easier than others. Without experience, many first-time political candidates have no idea where to begin.  In this episode, we discuss what offices first-time candidates might consider.  Running for office? Sign up for our Online Political Campaign Tips guide to help get a head start with your digital campaigning. Related:Should You Run For Local Office?Political Candidate Training ProgramsVisit Online Candidate for political website design and marketing services. 

Former top aide to President Obama, David Axelrod with Michael Smerconish. Original air date 19 February 2015. The book was published on 10 February 2015.

With the a new edition of 101 Ways To Win An Election out, I chatted with co-author Ed Maxfield for the latest episode of Never Mind The Bar Charts. Roaming across Black Lives Matter, William Wilberforce, Matt Hancock, how the music industry is changing and one of the worst answers given in a political debate, we talked about political campaigning, our favourite chapters from our own book and other books we'd recommend. Feedback very welcome, and do share this podcast with others who you think may enjoy it. Show notes Get the new edition of 101 Ways To Win An Election. How public opinion has shifted over taking the knee. How experience can lead to doctors making more mistakes. The different impact of the internet on the music and phone industries. Michael Dukakis gets it wrong on the death penalty. William Wilberforce by William Hague: Bookshop (independent bookshops) / Amazon / Waterstones.* Putting Voters in Their Place by Ron Johnston and Charles Pattie: Bookshop (independent bookshops) / Amazon / Waterstones.* How to win friends and influence people by Dale Carnegie: Bookshop (independent bookshops) / Amazon / Waterstones.* Theme tune by Hugo Lee. Photo by Samuel Regan-Asante on Unsplash. New to listening to podcasts? Here are some tips on how to listen to podcasts. Enjoy the show? Spread the word Follow the show on Twitter. Like the show on Facebook. Share the show's website, www.NeverMindTheBarCharts.com.   * This list includes affiliate links which generate a commission for each sale made.  

Clement speaks to Glen Mpani from Shikamo Political Advisory and Campaigns Services about alternate ways to campaign during the COVID19 pandemic. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

This episode Rylen and I discuss different types and assets of political campaigns. Reach out to Rylen on Instagram @rylendempsey and rylen@rylendempsey.com! Be sure to follow us on Instagram @whatsnewwithnikki

Although 2020 will be remembered mostly for annoyances and deeply tragic events, one thing that kept me going this year was starting this podcast. Being able to talk with friends, people I've long admired, and people I had only recently met was a real joy.I wanted to put together an episode with some notable moments in Opinion Science this year. It's not truly a "best of" per se because I really am attached to every episode! Although I was learning on the fly how to podcast, there's aspects of all of this year's episodes that I value.So instead, I've chosen some particularly meaningful episodes for me, fan favorites, and moments that highlight what this show is all about.If you're new to the show, this is a great place to start! And if you've been listening since the beginning, join me on some fun memories from this year.-AndyFeatured 2020 episodes:Episode 1: Word of Mouth with Jake TeenyEpisode 6: Film Criticism with Alissa WilkinsonEpisode 9: Systemic Racism with Phia SalterEpisode 15: Political Campaigning with Joe Fuld (*Hear the new season of his podcast)Episode 16: Implicit Bias with Mahzarin BanajiEpisode 19: Political Humor as Persuasion with Danna Young (*See her new TED Talk)Episode 20: The Cognitive Dissonance EpisodeEpisode 22: Political Persuasion with Alex CoppockEpisode 23: Polling Young Voters with Kristen Soltis Anderson

Dr. Anamaria Dutceac Segesten joins for the 5th Annual Social Media and Politics Year in Review! We answer listener questions and present six gifts, each representing big events that shaped social media and politics this year. 25:18 - Platform Year in Review Reports53:08 - Platforms and Activism (Belarus and Thailand)1:16:26 - Political Ad Effectiveness1:38:00 - Platform Regulation (Digital Services Act and Digital Markets Act)2:02:31 - Tweets from the Dead2:17:00 - Platform FragmentationHere's a list of each platform's year in review reports: Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Google, Reddit, Reddit UK, Reddit Moderators, Pornhub Debate NightOther supplementary material:Acronym's 'Haha Ratio'Priorities USA's "Wreck" AdDigital Services ActMargarethe Vestager on the Digital Services ActStudy Modelling Dead Social Media AccountsTufts Research on Youth and Political EngagementPew Research on Social Media and Persuasion 

Like it or not, online media and legislative issues have gotten indivisible. That is on the grounds that such an extensive amount our political talk happens by means of online media. Why however? Tweets and remarks speak to the cutting edge of public gathering. Online media's capacity to break news progressively has changed the manner in which we assimilate data. In the interim, the capacity to go to and fro with electors and constituents straightforwardly is priceless to government officials hoping to influence general assessment. Thus lawmakers from the two sides of the path presently speak to probably the busiest records across social (note that two of the most-followed Twitter accounts are American presidents). More links : www.aravindts.com www.oneminutemba.in --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/aravindts/message

Learn how Madison & Monroe each had long Public Service Records as well as different successes. Find out each man had undergone Political Defeat. Learn what's the greatest enemy behind Political Campaigning. Discover which groups of people in Virginia would become Core Constituent Block for 5th Congressional District. Find out which of the James's drew greatest attraction to Religious Dissenters. Discovering that the James's made several appearances together while campaigning. Learn which major political issue separated both men and how each man interpreted the matter. Understanding the importance of undecided swing voters and how there presence had potential to determine whom would represent 5th District. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/kirk-monroe/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/kirk-monroe/support

As vote-counting continues Thursday, former Vice President Joe Biden is on track to win the presidency. Reset gets analysis and historical context from longtime political strategist David Wilhelm.

See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Dr. Terri Towner, Professor of Political Science at Oakland University, discusses her research on political campaigning and information on Instagram. We also give first impressions from the last presidential debate between Trump and Biden, and break down some poll results about citizens' social media use during the coronavirus pandemic. Here are the two studies we discuss in the episode: The Image is the Message: Instagram Marketing and the 2016 Presidential Primary SeasonInstagramming Issues: Agenda Setting During the 2016 Presidential Campaign

When she became the National Party leader in July, many in the media reckoned combative Crusher Collins guaranteed a confrontational contest for Election 2020. Now some seem disappointed she's showing a softer side instead.

When she became the National Party leader in July, many in the media reckoned combative Crusher Collins guaranteed a confrontational contest for Election 2020. Now some seem disappointed she's showing a softer side instead.

Dr. André Haller (University of Applied Sciences Kufstein Tyrol) and Simon Kruschinski (University of Mainz) share their research into data-driven political campaigning in Germany. We discuss the key political, legal, and cultural factors that influence German politicians digital campaigning, differences in organic posts versus paid advertisements, and how social media platforms have been used by fringe political actors.Here's the research paper we discuss in the episode: Restrictions on Data-Driven Political Micro-targeting in Germany. 

Joe Fuld founded the political consulting firm, The Campaign Workshop, and he also co-hosts the podcast, "How to Win a Campaign." In this episode, he shares his background in political and advocacy campaigns and what you need to consider if you're thinking of running for office yourself.At the top of the show, I also talked to Pavan Parikh. He's currently running for Probate Court Judge in Hamilton County, Ohio. You can learn more about Pavan at https://www.pavanforjudge.com/ or follow his campaign on Facebook or Twitter.A few articles related to topics that Joe Fuld mentions:The Tully Message BoxThe Seven Cs of Campaign MessagingFor a transcript of this show, visit the episode's webpage: http://opinionsciencepodcast.com/episode/political-campaigning-with-joe-fuld/Learn more about Opinion Science at http://opinionsciencepodcast.com/ and follow @OpinionSciPod on Twitter.Additional music this week: Firefly by Podington Bear, licensed under a Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 International License.

Dr. Andreas Jungherr, Assistant Professor for Social Science Data Collection and Analysis at the University of Konstanz, guests to discuss his latest book, "Retooling Politics: How Digital Media are Shaping Democracy." We chat about the state of social media research in political science and political communication, and what we currently know about echo chambers, polarization, and election prediction. We also discuss how digital media is shaping political campaigning and the role it might play for campaigns in the future. 

KSL Newsradio political reporter Lindsay Aerts reports on how candidates for Utah Governor have adapted their campaigning in the age of COVID-19 restrictions.

Campaign consultants J.R. Davis and Dustin Seaton talk about what it is like for candidates to run for office during a pandemic. Northwest Arkansas has a congressional race and a number of state legislative seats on the ballot this year.

For weeks Texas has been locked down due to the COVID-19 outbreak. The efforts to implement social distancing and slow the spread of the deadly virus forced schools and many businesses to close. This also drove political campaigns to freeze just as Texas was gearing up for one of the toughest general elections in decades. But now that Governor Greg Abbott is allowing more businesses to open their doors, what is happening with political campaigns and their efforts to persuade potential voters. Are the candidates ready to get back on the stump, shake hands and kiss babies?

In this episode we cover: Using email marketing for local political campaigns.Email marketing vendors.Email best practices, including tracking your success.Running for office? Sign up for our Online Political Campaign Tips guide to help you get a head start with your digital campaigning. For more campaign articles and resources, visit us at Online Candidate.

In this episode we cover: How online fundraising is an important way to bring in campaign donations.Opening a political campaign bank account.Using online fundraising tools.How trigger events create online fundraising opportunities.Running for office? Sign up for our Online Political Campaign Tips guide to help you get a head start with your digital campaigning. For more campaign articles and resources, visit us at Online Candidate.

In this episode we cover: How candidates, as individuals, can lay the groundwork for their online political presence.Creating a personal brand when running for office.Search result page domination.Sign up for our Online Political Campaign Tips guide to help you get a head start with your digital campaigning. For more campaign articles and resources, visit us at Online Candidate.

Lenny Stern, founding partner at SS&K, talks about working on political campaigns for Democratic candidates, from Mondale in 1984 to Obama in 2008 and 2012. He also weighs in on Trump's chances at reelection, his love of multitasking and why ‘mainstream media’ is a lazy phrase.

As U.S. voters increasingly spend more of their lives online, political campaigns and other outside groups are trying to figure out how best to meet them on these digital spaces. But in the rush to perfect the effectiveness of digital ads, regulators have been slow to catch up. Will the lessons of 2016, and what can happen when nefarious actors hijack those platforms to spread disinformation, prove an effective warning for 2020 and beyond? And will Democrats be able to catch up to the Trump campaign's robust online operation? Also, continuing with our "Candidate Talk" series, Amy talks with Senator Michael Bennet about trying to break out in a crowded Democratic field. Guests: Patrick Ruffini, Republican digital strategist, partner and co-founder of Echelon Insights, a polling and data analytics firm Guy Cecil, Chairman of Priorities USA, a Democratic super PAC Kevin Roose, tech columnist for Business Day at The New York Times Young Mie Kim, professor at the school of journalism and mass communication at the University of Wisconsin-Madison Ellen Weintraub, Chair of the Federal Election Commission Michael Bennet, United States Senator from Colorado, Democratic Presidential candidate

Adam Meldrum, Founding and Managing Partner at Ad Victory, guests to discuss the cutting-edge trends in American digital campaigning. We look at some best practices and innovations from the 2018 Midterm Elections around ad buys, booking inventory, OTT campaigns, and Facebook Messenger chatbots. And of course, how social media fits into the modern political campaign apparatus.

Dr. Rachel Gibson, Professor of Politics at the University of Manchester, discusses British political parties' digital campaigning from websites to social media. We take a longitudinal dive into the development of digital campaigning in the UK, and compare it to campaigning practices in the US. Then, we examine how citizens' political participation is evolving through their use of digital communication technologies.

Theresa Govert was among a record number of women running for office in 2018, and the first time candidate took a lot away from the campaign. Even though she lost the race for Connecticut's 34th District, she represents a new generation of political leaders in the state and throughout the country. She was willing to speak with me just a couple of weeks following the 2018 midterm cycle, and it was great to get such wonderful insight into the process. #politics #campaign #yearofthewoman #womeninpolitics #creativity

Marco Ricorda, Social Media Manager for the European Parliament's President, joins the podcast to discuss livestreaming from the Parliament during last week's terrorist attack in Strasbourg. From there, we discuss the state of digital campaigning in European politics, the role of data and data analysis for social media campaigns, and the upcoming 2019 European Parliament elections. Check out the EuroPCom Podcast! Here's Marco's Medium post discussed in the episode.

Brendan Tobin, Head of Growth at Ecanvasser, discusses how the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) will affect political campaigning in the European Union. We talk about what GDPR is, how it will be enforced by legislators, and what the implications of this new regulation are for democracy. Given the multi-level governance structure of the EU, it will take some time to see how GDPR will influence how campaigns engage with companies like Facebook, Twitter, Snapchat, and YouTube. Subscribe to the Social Media and Politics Podcast to keep up to date with all the latest developments in the social media space! Sign up for the Social Media and Politics Newsletter here!

How could so many people be convinced to vote for Donald Trump? Why did so many Brits vote to leave the EU, despite almost unanimous advice from experts, political leaders and celebrities that we should remain? Some attribute these results to the power of Big Data, specifically to the high-tech psychological marketing techniques of a company called Cambridge Analytica. Can the manipulation of data really swing important votes? What are the implications of this approach for privacy and democracy? What does the assumption that a few targeted messages can influence voters’ decisions tell us about elite attitudes towards the electorate? SPEAKERS JAMIE BARTLETT director, Centre for the Analysis of Social Media, Demos; author, The Dark Net and Radicals; presenter, BBC’s The Secrets of Silicon Valley CAROLE CADWALLADR feature writer, Observer SIMON COOKE member, Institute of Direct and Digital Marketing; leader of the Conservative group, Bradford City Council TIMANDRA HARKNESS journalist, writer and broadcaster; presenter, FutureProofing; author, Big Data: does size matter?

Was hat Darth Vader mit Political Campaigning zu tun? Und was sind die Herausforderungen einer Agentur, die in Zusammenarbeit mit Ministerien die öffentliche Meinung beeinflusst? Claudia Sanchéz, Management Director bei Serviceplan, spricht mit uns über die Arbeit in der Agentur und im politischen Umfeld Berlins. Musik: David Wolf Bild: Serviceplan

James Moulding, co-founder of Games for the Many, joins the podcast to discuss the success of Corbyn Run, and online political game that went viral during the 2017 British elections. We discuss the development of the game, the role of social media in promoting it, and the potential for online games to spur political engagement in youth. You can play the game here. ...And, help us land a special guest for Episode 50 by signing up for the free Axios Newsletter!

Dr. Kristof Jacobs, Assistant Professor at Radboud University, joins the podcast ahead of the upcoming Dutch national elections to share his research on how political parties and strategists in the Netherlands use social media to campaign. We discuss the major role that Twitter plays in Dutch politics but also how parties are adopting newer social media platforms, like Instagram and Snapchat. We also talk about the difference between individual politicians’ social media use versus party communication more broadly. Dr. Jacobs outlines the major themes of this election, the Dutch attitudes towards fake news, Geert Wilder’s social media use, and the media’s coverage of the campaign. You can follow Kristof on Twitter @KristofJacobs1, and read more about his research in the book "Social Media, Parties, and Politics Inequalities."

Emilie Demant, social media coordinator for Venstres Ungdom, shares her insights into how a Danish political youth organization is using social media to engage young voters with politics. We discuss how Facebook, Snapchat, Instagram, and Twitter are each used differently to communicate politics with young Danes, as well as what types of user-generated content Emilie receives when managing these social media accounts. Emilie highlights the visual element of social media by stressing that memes, GIFs, and videos drive the most engagement on social media, and here digital marketing and graphic design play a key role. We also discuss the differences between a youth political organization and the parent political party, Venstre, and what that means for their social media use. Although exhibiting different rules of political communication on social media (especially on Snapchat), interestingly, both Venstre and Venstres Ungdom work together to strategically share content across their Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter social networks. You can find out more about Venstres Ungdom at www.vu.dk

Chasen Campbell, VP of Client Strategy at Harris Media, shares his knowledge about how major US politicians use social media for digital campaigning. We discuss how political campaigns use big data to micro-target voters on Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter, as well as what it's like to run a digital marketing campaign for politicians with big budgets. Chasen also weighs in on how new social media platforms, like Snapchat and Periscope, stack up to giants like Facebook and Google. We also discuss what works and what doesn't in driving engagement online, and Chasen emphasizes that short, easy to understand, and entertaining messages are key to capturing voters' attention. Find out more about Chasen and Harris Media at www.harrismediallc.com

Daniel Kreiss, a PhD candidate and the Rebele First Amendment Fellow in Stanford's Department of Communication, discusses technical infrastructures, political institutions, and social practices. (February 25, 2009)

Bruce Bueno de Mesquita, NYU and the Hoover Institute, talks about the political economy of political campaigns and his forthcoming book, The Strategy of Campaigning: Lessons from Ronald Reagan and Boris Yeltsin. He talks with EconTalk host Russ Roberts about the different strategies politicians pursue in attracting support from voters and party delegates, the persistence of negative campaigning, the cost to politicians of sticking to their principles and how the political choices of Reagan and Yeltsin intersected to end the Cold War and dissolve the Soviet Union.

Bruce Bueno de Mesquita, NYU and the Hoover Institute, talks about the political economy of political campaigns and his forthcoming book, The Strategy of Campaigning: Lessons from Ronald Reagan and Boris Yeltsin. He talks with EconTalk host Russ Roberts about the different strategies politicians pursue in attracting support from voters and party delegates, the persistence of negative campaigning, the cost to politicians of sticking to their principles and how the political choices of Reagan and Yeltsin intersected to end the Cold War and dissolve the Soviet Union.