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SUMMARY: Paul organizes an 'Improv for Podcasting' workshop in Pennsylvania. Matt enjoys the thrill of victory at a soccer game and the agony of the feces while buying a cake. Jacob gets chased down The Strip and whipped, then helps a neighbor with a car battery. Also, Scoop Mail and a Scoopardy.Go to poduty.com for info on "Improvisation for Podcasting with Paul Mattingly," coming May 24 at Poduty Live's Podcast Theater at Harrisons on Corbet in Tarentum, Pa.
Jeff Revilla is the founder of Poduty Live LLC, a cutting-edge podcast theater located in Tarentum, PA#podcasting #podmatch #poduty====================Join Podmatch https://www.joinpodmatch.com/roySpeaking Podcast Social Media / Coaching My Other Podcasts https://bio.link/podcaster====================Bio of Jeff Revilla:Jeff Revilla is the founder of Poduty Live LLC, a cutting-edge podcast theater located in Tarentum, PA. With over two decades of digital marketing experience and a deep passion for multimedia production, Jeff has dedicated himself to enhancing live podcasting experiences. At Poduty Live, he provides content creators with a state-of-the-art venue designed to connect them more deeply with their audiences through interactive live events.What we Discussed: 00:25 Who is Jeff Revilla01:35 His own Podcasting journey04:17 Doing Live Podcast Shows and seeing the reactions06:45 How the name Poduty came about08:15 How he Created the Podcast Theatre10:45 Do they have Rules for the Audience in the Theatre13:00 Who Manages the live Comments14:30 Can People Charge for a Live Streaming16:00 Which Streaming Service Do they use17:18 There is no limit to the amount of people that can view18:30 The Different Revenue Streams22:00 How are the files given to the Podcaster23:00 What is his long Term vision for the Podcast Theatre27:15 Monetization for your Podcast from the Theatre shows28:45 Do they have the Audience asking Questions30:30 Using Tik Tok Live31:40 Having Sound Effects33:00 Are People using this for all their Podcasts34:00 Marketing for getting Ticket Sales38:00 Tapping into the Energy of the Room39:55 The Microphones he uses41:20 Things that can go wrong in a live environment44:45 Is there any podcast events in his area45:30 Tips for Starting or running a Podc astHow to Contact Jeff Revilla: https://poduty.com/https://www.facebook.com/revillahttps://www.linkedin.com/in/jeffrevilla/___________________
Have you ever felt stuck in a rut with your podcast? Jeff Revilla, a long-time podcastersince 2015, knows the importance of changing up your podcast in a way that works for you. Jeff is here today to share his unique podcasting journey and emphasize the importance of following your creativity and excitement. Jeff's game show style podcasts, "Stuff I Never Knew" and "Rise and Outshine", offer instant feedback and audience participation, creating a fun and engaging experience for listeners and participants alike. This week, episode 185 of Listeners to Leads is about embracing unique podcast formats! Jeff Revilla is the visionary founder of Poduty Live LLC, a groundbreaking podcast theater and live venue based in Tarentum, PA, just 25 minutes from Downtown Pittsburgh. With over 20 years of experience in digital marketing and a decade each in podcasting and live streaming, Jeff expertly blends technology with creativity to foster engaging, community-centered events. He is also the host of the trivia podcast "Stuff I Never Knew," where he challenges listeners with fun and intriguing questions across a wide range of topics.In this episode of Listeners to Leads, Jeff Revilla is sharing the importance of finding community in podcasting and actionable steps you can take right now to incorporate feedback into your podcast process. Jeff and I also chat about the following: The self-discovery journey of podcasting.Experimenting with unique podcasting formats.Encouraging audience feedback and engagement with your show.Navigating podcast networks and creative control of your podcast.Be sure to tune in to all the episodes to receive tons of practical tips on turning your podcast listeners into leads and to hear even more about the points outlined above. Thank you for listening! If you enjoyed this episode, take a screenshot of the episode to post in your stories and tag me! And don't forget to follow, rate and review the podcast and tell me your key takeaways!Learn more about Listeners to Leads at www.listenerstoleads.comCONNECT WITH JEFF REVILLA:Poduty LiveFacebookLinkedInCONNECT WITH ALESIA GALATI:InstagramLinkedInWork with Galati Media! Proud member of the Feminist Podcasters Collective.
Turn Your PASSION for Podcasting into REAL Profit! | Jeff RevillaLive Podcast Studio & Community Theater, Tarentum, PA | PodutyIn this episode of the Walk in Victory podcast, host NaRon Tillman shares his journey from a public speaker and performer to a podcaster. NaRon emphasizes the importance of consistency, showing up, and improving one's craft through learning and practice. He shares insights from his personal experiences, including the initial struggles of gaining listeners and the value of backend work like SEO and proper titling to increase visibility. The episode also features Jeff, who discusses breaking into podcasting and using live events to engage audiences and supplement income. Both highlight the necessity of perseverance, leveraging negative feedback for growth, and staying focused on one's goals to achieve success.Time Line00:00 Introduction and Host's Background02:18 Overcoming Podcasting Challenges05:26 Introducing the Guest: Jeff06:33 Jeff's Podcasting Journey15:28 The Infinite Seat Theater Concept20:52 The Power of Audio Connection21:13 Creating an Immersive Podcast Experience21:54 Types of Podcasts for Live Audiences22:32 Virtual and Global Podcasting Events23:16 No-Risk Podcast Production Model25:13 Personal Journey and Motivation26:45 Building the Podcast Theater27:41 Interactive and Virtual Podcasting29:08 Monetizing Podcasts Beyond Ads31:52 The Value of Live Podcast Recordings33:49 Inspiration and Advice for Podcasters38:50 Final Thoughts and EncouragementWant to be a guest on Walk In victory? Send NaRon Tillman a message on PodMatch, here: https://www.joinpodmatch.com/walkinvictoryBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/walk-in-victory--4078479/support.
In this lively episode of "Stuff I Never Knew Trivia Game Show Podcast," host Jeff Revilla is joined by cohosts Bob LeMent of Static Radio and award-winning producer David Fedor of the Armstrong Neighborhood Channel. Recorded live at the Poduty Podcast Theater in Tarentum, PA, the trio dives into a hilarious and knowledge-packed trivia game that covers everything from pop culture to dog breeds!If you'd like to create AI driven summaries from your audio content, check out Castmagic.ioGuest Introductions:Bob LeMent:Calling in from St. Louis, Missouri, Bob LeMent co-hosts Static Radio, a show that shares funny stories and experiences straight from the Midwest. Bob brings his quick wit and quirky humor to our trivia game, adding an extra layer of entertainment to the show.David Fedor:An award-winning producer, David Fedor creates engaging local programming for the Armstrong Neighborhood Channel. Known for shows like "Bikes and Hikes" and "Around the Town with Marilyn Forbes," David contributes not just his trivia knowledge but also an array of amusing anecdotes and commentary. The episode kicks off with Jeff, Bob, and David trading humorous banter about dental hygiene and chapped lips, setting a light-hearted tone. As the trivia game begins, the first round challenges the guests with questions about Stonehenge's location, skateboarding tricks, and myrmecology—the study of ants. Grace, a participant, makes a surprising comeback, adding excitement to the game.Midway through, the conversation veers into pop culture with discussions on "The Jungle Book's" character Ka and the song "Mambo No. 5" by Lou Bega. Bob, Grace, and David are neck-and-neck, vying for the lead, with Bob ultimately winning with 11,000 points. In a more relaxed segment, the participants share quirky items often found on a restaurant table and debate the merits of late-night convenience store purchases like 2am sushi.The game also features a humorous question about vampires and playful references to Joey Lawrence, Stranger Things, and Pinocchio's island. The trivia concludes with a question about "ologists" collecting items like stamps and plants. Despite the intense competition, everyone appreciates the fun and laughs shared throughout the episode.Jeff wraps up the episode by sharing AI analysis on favorite chip flavors and discussing regional snack preferences with Bob and David. Memorable mentions include shrimp scampi chips in Britain and ketchup chips in Canada, with David and Bob sharing personal anecdotes about their unusual chip habits.Podcast Theater and Review Details: The "Stuff I Never Knew Trivia Game Show Podcast" is recorded live at the Poduty Podcast Theater in downtown Tarentum, PA. The theater offers a dynamic space for engaging and interactive podcast recordings, adding a unique flavor to each episode.Listeners are encouraged to search for the Paduti Lives podcast theater on Google and leave a review to share their experience. Your feedback helps us improve and continue bringing you entertaining and knowledge-packed episodes.Join us for more trivia fun, laughter, and intriguing facts on the next episode of "Stuff I Never Knew Trivia Game Show Podcast"! ★ Support this podcast on Patreon ★
Jeff Revilla started his entrepreneurial journey in the early 2000's by opening a mail order skateboard shop. After that business went under during the 2008 financial crisis, Jeff's entrepreneurial spirit never went away. In June of 2024, he opened Poduty Live, a podcasting and live event theater based in Tarentum, Pennsylvania. This space allows Jeff to connect podcasters and local and virtual talent to excited audience members. Chapters 00:00 Introduction and background 6:02 Finding the right space for your new business 11:43 Overcoming nerves 13:23 Revenue 18:02 Managing a side hustle while working full-time 21:18 Looking back on the business 22:57 Advice for other entrepreneurs 26:28 Technology recommendations 28:07 Closing and contact
Phantom Electric Ghost Podcast With Jeff Revilla: Owner of a Live Podcast Theater in Tarentum, PA! Virtual Events Jeff Revilla is the visionary founder of Poduty Live LLC, a groundbreaking podcast theater and live venue based in Tarentum, PA, just 25 minutes from Downtown Pittsburgh. With over 20 years of experience in digital marketing and a decade each in podcasting and live streaming, Jeff expertly blends technology with creativity to foster engaging, community-centered events. He is also the host of the trivia podcast "Stuff I Never Knew," where he challenges listeners with fun and intriguing questions across a wide range of topics. His podcast not only entertains but also educates, encapsulating his passion for sharing knowledge and connecting with audiences in unique ways. At Poduty Live LLC, Jeff continues to innovate, providing a dynamic platform for live and virtual events that inspire and entertain. Link: https://poduty.com/ Donate to support PEG free artist interviews: PayPalMe link Any contribution is appreciated: https://www.paypal.com/paypalme/PhantomElectric?locale.x=en_US Support PEG by checking out our Sponsors: Download and use Newsly for free now from www.newsly.me or from the link in the description, and use promo code “GHOST” and receive a 1-month free premium subscription. The best tool for getting podcast guests: Podmatch.com https://podmatch.com/signup/phantomelectricghost Subscribe to our Instagram for exclusive content: https://www.instagram.com/expansive_sound_experiments/ Donate to support PEG free artist interviews: Subscribe to our YouTube https://youtube.com/@phantomelectricghost?si=rEyT56WQvDsAoRpr PEG uses StreamYard.com for our live podcasts https://streamyard.com/pal/c/6290085463457792 Get $10.00 Credit for using StreamYard.com when you sign up with our link RSS https://anchor.fm/s/3b31908/podcast/rss
What you need to know if you want to cover politics using clips from CNN! Yes, google podcasts is going away, and what impact will it have on your podcast; Spotify and transcripts; How to make sure that the transcript that you uploaded shows up on Apple Podcasts; How do you get the stats we cover on each episode to reference? We cover it for you! Stats! Discussing the length of the top 200 episodes in Apple Podcasts and what that tells us about the "right" episode length. Audience feedback drives the show. We'd love for you to contact us and keep the conversation going! Email thefeed@libsyn.com, call 412-573-1934 or leave us a message on Speakpipe! We'd love to hear from you! ✍
What you need to know if you want to cover politics using clips from CNN! Yes, google podcasts is going away, and what impact will it have on your podcast; Spotify and transcripts; How to make sure that the transcript that you uploaded shows up on Apple Podcasts; How do you get the stats we cover on each episode to reference? We cover it for you! Stats! Discussing the length of the top 200 episodes in Apple Podcasts and what that tells us about the "right" episode length. Audience feedback drives the show. We'd love for you to contact us and keep the conversation going! Email thefeed@libsyn.com, call 412-573-1934 or leave us a message on Speakpipe! We'd love to hear from you! ✍
Police Chief Justin Clark McIntire, Protector of the Community Gunned Down. On January 2nd, 2023, tragedy struck as Chief McIntire was involved in a foot pursuit of a wanted subject. This individual, wanted for a probation violation involving weapons, had eluded the Pennsylvania State Police during a traffic stop the previous night. The pursuit led officers through Harrison Township, eventually reaching the border of Brackenridge Borough and Tarentum Borough. The intense two hour foot chase came to a devastating end in the 800 block of 3rd Avenue, where the suspect opened fire, fatally shooting Chief McIntire and injuring a Tarentum Borough Police officer. The assailant, after the heinous act, carjacked a vehicle, fleeing into the city of Pittsburgh. But the pursuit did not end there. In a wooded area, the suspect engaged in a final confrontation with law enforcement, leading to his demise. The cost of this tragedy was high, with Chief McIntire paying the ultimate price for his unwavering commitment to protecting his community. Chief Justin Clark McIntire's legacy lives on through the memories of those who knew and loved him. He served with honor, courage, and dedication for 22 years, leaving behind a grieving wife, two sons, a daughter, and a stepson. In the Clubhouse: Drop In Audio Chat app look for and follow John J. Wiley @LetRadioShow. Background song by Lobo Loco - Brain - Instrumental. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
Full Show Notes: https://plutarch.life/fabiusGreek Parallel - PericlesImportant PeopleTerentius Varro - Mastermind of Cannae, survivor of the same battle, much to his shame.Marcellus - The sword to Fabius's shield. Marcellus, whose life Plutarch also wrote, and Fabius together kept the Romans in their war against Hannibal without shameful or crippling setbacks.Scipio (Africanus) - The young and ambitious general, first succesful in Spain against the Carthaginians, makes a plan to take the war to Africa. This plan that Fabius will oppose with every ounce of influence he has.Minucius - The master of horse (magister equitum) during Fabius's dictatorship. He grows annoyed at Fabian tactics and gets himself elected “co-dictator.” After Hannibal draws him into a trap from which Fabius saves him and all his men, Minucius admits his fault and joins again in complete unity of command under Fabius.Important PlacesTrebia (218 BC) - Shortly after crossing the Alps, Hannibal crushes the Roman army that comes to meet him. Trasimene (217 BC) - Working his way almost halfway down the peninsula, Hannibal crushes another massive Roman army. Cannae (216 BC) - Finally working his way past Rome (perhaps not enough soldiers, supplies, or the right materials to besiege Rome), he crushes for the third year in a row an army of tens of thousands of Romans, with the consul in charge that day being one of a handful of survivors. Tarentum (213 BC) - One of the first strategic cities that the Romans, primarily through Fabius Maximus, manage to take back and hold out of Hannibal's grasp. It also seems to be a blot on Fabius's record, as he does something out of character when taking over the city. Support the show
Northern Appalachian Paranormal Society is that we are a group of like-minded people who take a scientific approach to the paranormal. Jay Blackburn - I'm the lead investigator and founder of the Northern Appalachian Paranormal Society. I have a Bachelor's Degree in Metaphysical Science and am in the process of earning my Master's and Ph.D. in Paranormal Science and also a Demonologist. Myself and my team have been to big locations like Moundsville Prison, investigated multiple times at Hill View Manor, and even the lesser known locations as well. Katlin Stello - I was born and raised in the small town of Tarentum, PA, a small town near Pittsburgh. Many unexplained things happened in our house I didn't learn about until my preteens: shadows, objects moving, TVs playing without being plugged in, lights turning off and on. This used to frighten me, that is until the paranormal shows came out and it wasn't as taboo to speak of such events. As I got into my 20s, I started reading every book, watching every show, and trying to explain the stuff from TV, which had become one of my favorite pastimes with my mother who passed away in 2012. I did a few investigations on public events, and shortly after, I wanted to join a team. I found a team who had welcomed me with open arms, I learned so much from the teams I had the opportunity to unite with. I have been investigating now for about 10 years. My role on our team is that of the tech experts, but truly I love getting new "toys" and learning how they work. I also love teaching other people about new equipment or technologies that I have researched. I take pride in taking the most basic items and not spending extravagant sums of money on technology.to achieve the same results. My favorite part about investigating? I think walking into a historical building, and soaking up what has gone on there is my favorite part. I feel honored to be able to walk in such footsteps as Jennie Wade and George Taylor to name a few. I love the architecture and appreciate all of the good that happened there. I cannot focus on the bad, as I wonder how much history has been altered or misinterpreted. NAPS Facebook
In the ancient battle of Thurii in 282 BC, between Rome and the Greek colony of Tarentum, the Romans noticed a youth of extraordinary height marching in front of them and performing miracles of bravery. It was only afterwards, when no candidate for the crown of honor showed himself to claim it, that the soldiers realized and became convinced that it was the war god Mars himself who had come to the rescue of his people. Read more on the blog. Read more about: Anna Perenna Ares and Athena Zeus and Hera Romulus and Remus Lupa
SHOW TOPICSeneca Valley presents 'The Dangers of Tech' with Officer Jason Young and Officer Chris MillerSPECIAL GUESTSOfficer Jason Young, Seneca Valley School District Safety and Security Supervisor and Officer Chris Miller, Seneca Valley Senior High School Student Resource Officer (SRO)Officer Jason Young has previous law enforcement experience as a Police Officer for Jackson Township, as well as eight years working as a Deputy Sheriff for Butler County where he presented the Drug Abuse Resistance Education (D.A.R.E.) program to numerous Butler County public and private schools; organized safety lectures for teachers on active shooters; and field trained new law enforcement deputies. He also worked for nearly ten years with the Saxonburg Borough Police Department where he started as a Patrolman and was later promoted to Patrol Supervisor. Additional service includes his first year as a Patrolman with the Fawn Township Police Department in Tarentum, Pa. His training highlights include Crisis Intervention Training (C.I.T) that focuses on mental health incidents and a Field Training Officer certification through Penn State University. Officer Young earned an Associates Degree in Emergency Services-Police Services Option from Butler County Community College and attended the Municipal Police Academy (ACT 120) at Indiana University of Pennsylvania.Officer Chris Miller has been a Police Officer employed by the Jackson Township Police Department for the last 15 years. He attended the University of Pittsburgh and is a graduate of the Indiana University of Pennsylvania Police Academy Class #63.IN THIS EPISODE, WE WILL REVIEW• The upcoming event, "The Dangers of Tech"• What parents can expect to hear during "The Dangers of Tech"• Online safety and awareness• Why it's important for parents to attend this event
Violinist and conductor Warren Davidson is a founding member of the Academy String Quartet. He joins Jim Cunningham to discuss the new series of concerts staring Friday September 16 at 7:30 at the Sunnyhill Unitarian Church in Mount Lebanon. The concert will repeat the following evening at the Central Presbyterian Church in Tarentum. Warren provided his notes on the program “Our program starts with variations, by ten different Russian composers, on a Russian folk song. Some of those composers are well-known to music lovers (Rimsky-Korsakov, Scriabin), some you may have stumbled across a few times (Glazunov , Liadov), and others, we quartet members had never heard of (for example, Victor Ewald and Nicolai Sokolov). The ten short variations each have a particular character, an individual flavor. Pittsburghers will understand when I compare this piece to the cookie table at a wedding: “Which one is the tastiest? Guess I have to try them all…” Joseph Haydn, often called the “father of the string quartet,” was a great master of variation technique. Our concert features a relatively early work, Opus 20 #4, and a late quartet, Opus 76 #3, that each include a variations movement. In the case of the Opus 20 quartet the theme is in the style of an operatic air. Though Haydn's operas are not often heard today, he wrote a lot of them for performance at Esterhazy, the magnificent estate of his princely employer (which had not only an opera theater but a marionette theater, too). It is easy to imagine a character on stage singing this tune, telling to us how they are unlucky in love, and it is hard to know whether we are supposed to take them seriously. The cartoon-like finale movement suggests that perhaps the variation movement should be seen as somewhat tongue-in-cheek. In the Opus 76 quartet, Haydn makes gorgeous variations on a song that he was very proud of: Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser¸ which was adopted as the Austrian national anthem and (later) as the alma mater of the University of Pittsburgh. This later quartet is, taken as a whole, a grand statement, in which these proud and noble musical lines fit perfectly. In between those fabulous Haydn quartets we bring for you a clever piece of silliness: Stylistic Variations on Smoke on the Water, by Kenneth Abeling. The 1972 hit song by the band Deep Purple is transformed into Latin dance music, a gentle waltz, and a swing tune, before the quartet rocks out in the final section.
Find out what's new with WEST VIEW HUB, NORTHSIDE LEADERSHIP CONFERENCE, THRIVE PITTSBURGH, and BEVERLY'S BIRTHDAYS. And how will Don do on Name That Neighborhood this week..? West View HUB https://westviewhub.org/ Northside Leadership Conference http://www.pittsburghnorthside.com/ THRIVE Pittsburgh https://www.thrivepittsburgh.org/volunteer Beverly's Birthdays https://www.beverlysbirthdays.org/our-work/beverlysbabies/ *Have a story of GENEROSITY or KINDNESS to share with us? Please email us: yinzaregood@gmail.com *To request a KINDNESS CRATE drop off at your business or school: yinzaregood@gmail.com www.yinzaregood.com Instagram: @yinzaregood Facebook: @YinzAreGood
Episode 2326 of the Vietnam Veteran News Podcast will feature a story about the three more Vietnam Veterans whose names were added to the In Memory Program of Washington, D.C. The featured story appeared on Trib Live of Tarentum, Pennsylvania … Continue reading → The post Episode 2326 – Three more names added to the In Memory Program appeared first on .
Chip Bell, author of the long-running Jake Sullivan Mystery series celebrates his latest book Why Don't We Get Drunk? with Anthony Lee Head.Charles L. “Chip” Bell, Jr., lives in the City of New Kensington, Pennsylvania, and is a practicing attorney specializing in personal injury litigation. Born on February 23, 1950, in Harrison Township, Pennsylvania, he grew up in Tarentum, Pennsylvania, and attended Allegheny College in Meadville, Pennsylvania, graduating Phi Beta Kappa and Magna Cum Laude. After serving in the United States Army from 1972 to 1974, he attended Duquesne University School of Law, graduating Cum Laude. He is the author of, currently, fourteen volumes in The Jake Sullivan Series of novels, and additionally, he is the co-author of a feature film script, “Cuba Libre”, and a television pilot script, “A1A”, both based upon The Jake Sullivan Series.Anthony Lee Head is the award-winning author of Driftwood: Stories from the Margarita Road, which was named a “Best Book of 2020” by Kirkus Reviews. He has been a trial attorney, a college teacher, and a black belt martial arts instructor. For a decade, he lived in Caribbean Mexico where he owned a small hotel and bar. Head is an ordained Lay Buddhist with the San Francisco Zen Center. He lives just north of the Golden Gate Bridge with his wife, Cheri, and seven rescue animals.Support this show http://supporter.acast.com/a1a-media-network. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.
SHOW TOPICGood to Know: Safety and Security Information with Officer Jason YoungSPECIAL GUESTOfficer Jason Young, Seneca Valley School District Safety and Security Supervisor Officer Jason Young has previous law enforcement experience most recently as a Police Officer for Jackson Township, as well as eight years working as a Deputy Sheriff for Butler County where he presented the Drug Abuse Resistance Education (D.A.R.E.) program to numerous Butler County public and private schools; organized safety lectures for teachers on active shooters; and field trained new law enforcement deputies. He also worked for nearly ten years with the Saxonburg Borough Police Department where he started as a Patrolman and was later promoted to Patrol Supervisor. Additional service includes his first year as a Patrolman with the Fawn Township Police Department in Tarentum, Pa. His training highlights include Crisis Intervention Training (C.I.T) that focuses on mental health incidents and a Field Training Officer certification through Penn State University. Officer Young earned an Associates Degree in Emergency Services-Police Services Option from Butler County Community College and attended the Municipal Police Academy (ACT 120) at Indiana University of Pennsylvania.IN THIS EPISODE, WE WILL REVIEW• What Crisis Intervention Training is and how it is beneficial to the District• What various law enforcement privileges are performed by this role• What areas of investigative technology are employed by the District to keep students and staff safe• Why building relationships with external groups is helpful in this roleUSEFUL INFORMATIONhttps://www.svsd.net/domain/2302
Antigonus was famously once asked, “who is the greatest General of our day?” to which he replied, “Pyrrhus, if he lives to be old.”This is the third and final installment of The Life of Pyrrhus, King of Epirus. [Original music score based on Epirot and other Greek folk traditions, by Ilias Markantonis.See Ilias' work on Facebook, or Instagram (@ilias_markantonis)]Pyrrhus takes opportunity after opportunity, always imagining this will further his cause. It begins with a Sicilian expedition. After this, Pyrrhus returns to Italy to fight the Battle of Beneventum. Then he goes to Macedonia to try and claw back an opportunity he didn't pursue earlier. It's a predictable pattern, according to Plutarch:“Pyrrhus was always entertaining one hope after another, and since he made one success but the starting point for a new one, while he was determined to make good each disaster by a fresh undertaking, he allowed neither defeat nor victory to put a limit to his causing trouble for himself and for others.”Pyrrhus made his mark by cultivating an almost maniacal focus on winning in battle - he had a lust for combat. In doing so he won for himself long lasting glory. But we should perhaps ask, together with Plutarch - what was the cost? And was it worth it? On today's podcast: Pyrrhus' whirlwind Sicilian expedition Fabricius' revenge Pyrrhus vs Antigonus The Siege of Sparta The Battle for Argos Links:https://ancientlifecoach.com/Some Places MentionedAkragas (Agrigento)Leontini (Lentini)Tauromenium (Taormina)Eryx (Erice, Trapani)Lilybaeum (Marsala)Tarentum (Taranto)Beneventum (Benevento)SyracuseCalabriaAegaeSpartaCreteCorinthArgosNafplio
Two guys who lived about an hour apart are now partners in a business. Dasher's Lightshow is now open at the Galleria at Pittsburgh Mills in Tarentum. Their love of Christmas lights and synchronizing them to music has now spread to five cities across the country. Hear Clyde Lindsey and Rob Vanorsdale explain their business and how they met.
“Pyrrhus… saw clearly what great happiness he was leaving behind him. But he just couldn't renounce his hopes of obtaining what he eagerly desired.”We can think of many ambitious leaders or groups who made a big dent in the world by smashing through boundaries: The Mongols, The British East India Company, Moses and Joshua taking the promised land. But many dreamed big and failed to deliver: Napoleon in Russia, Xerxes in Greece.Which kind of leader will Pyrrhus be?In this episode, the story of Pyrrhus' great challenge to the Romans; the first well-documented visit to Rome by a Greek; Pyrrhus' famous utterance, “If we are victorious in one more battle with the Romans, we shall be utterly ruined.”Some takeaways:Fortune favors the bold: if you have your heart set on something, why not do everything within your power to achieve it? Show compassion even when you don't have to - Pyrrhus consistently showed respect for his enemy. Also Pyrrhus is not famous for being a politician, but he was a competent negotiator who sought a peaceful resolution before resorting to violence. On today's podcast: The cost of following your dreams Showing respect for your adversary Winning wars without resorting to violence (sometimes) Letting your strengths guide your decisions Links:https://ancientlifecoach.com/[Original music score based on Epirot and other Greek folk traditions, by Ilias Markantonis.See Ilias' work on Facebook, or Instagram (@ilias_markantonis)]Thanks to our sponsor, Ovadia Heart health! You can support this podcast by visiting the following links and, if you like something, make a purchase. Dr. Philip Ovadia's Metabolic Health Tracking SystemStronger Hearts Society with Dr. Philip Ovadia"Stay off My Operating Table" eBook"Stay off My Operating Table" AudiobookI've been using Dr. Ovadia's guidelines in my own life for a few months and been experiencing great results.
Photo: Pyrrhic victory: The Battle of Heraclea took place in 280 BC between the Romans under the command of consul Publius Valerius Laevinus, and the combined forces of Greeks from Epirus, Tarentum, Thurii, Metapontum, and Heraclea under the command of Pyrrhus, king of Epirus. Although the battle was a victory for the Greeks and their casualties were lower than the Romans, they had lost many veteran soldiers that would be hard to replace on foreign soil. CBS Eye on the World with John Batchelor CBS Audio Network @Batchelorshow #AfterAfghanistan: AQAP speaks of victory in Afghanistan and new threats to the US. @BillRoggio @ThomasJoscelyn @LongWarJournal HFN https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2021/10/ex-guantanamo-detainee-praises-talibans-victory-threatens-america-in-new-aqap-video.php
Dave Rankin is the organizer of the concert series at Central Prebyterian Church in Tarentum Pa. He speaks with Jim Cunningham about the return of the 6 program series after the year and a half break for the pandemic. Todo Tango features the Academy Chamber Ensemble led by Warren Davidson, violin at 7pm on October 10. The concerts are free with a goodwill offering plate near the entrance. Dave explains how the pandemic affected the community and the church, with some history of the historic structure, it's organ and stained glass windows as well as the work being done to help Tarentum grow and flourish.
contact info: Email: pittsburghtmzpodcast@gmail.com Pittsburgh TMZ CEO contact info https://www.facebook.com/shoo.nuff. For all Pittsburgh Tmz merchandise Pittsburghtmzpodcast@gmail.com Co-host https://www.facebook.com/phillip.bouie. https://www.facebook.com/DARNIKKA https://instagram.com/deziretutto69?utm_medium=copy_link
Mail bültenimize abone olmak için tıklayın. 5 Dakikada Teknoloji Gündemi Tarih: 1 Haziran 2021 Gündem Başlıkları
Conoscete questa meraviglia che attraversa il Rione Ponte ed il Rione Pigna?Da piazza dell'Oro - dove per i Romani antica stava il Tarentum, con l'altare di Dite e Proserpina che veniva disseppellito una volta oogni cent'anni - all'Arco dei Farnese, chiese, palazzi, progetti, corse di cavalli attarverso i secoli, sofà di pietra, carceri ed oratori... a lavorarci, tra gli altri, Donato Bramante, Raffello Sanzio, Francesco Borromini, Jacopo Sansovino, Carlo Maderno, Giacomo Della Porta. Il video sul canale youtube di radio 21 aprile Web è a questo link: https://youtu.be/yL2ukYuG6rM
In 281/280 BC, the Hellenistic King Pyrrhus ventured to southern Italy to aid the Italiote-Greek city of Tarentum against a rising power based in central Italy. This enemy was the Romans. Over the next 150 years this civilisation would rise to become the Mediterranean superpower, winning wars against the Carthaginians, the Antigonids, Seleucids, Ptolemies and various other enemies. But why were the Roman soldiers so effective? I was delighted to be joined by Dr Steele Brand who brilliantly answered this question. Steele explained how the Roman Republican military was far from invincible. Indeed what is so striking from this period is how many devastating defeats the Romans suffered in the process - from Heraclea to Cannae. What made the Romans so extraordinary, however, was their mindset: the Roman civic ethos that was ingrained in its citizens from childhood. Steele explained how the household farm served as an ‘incubator’ for habituating citizens to Roman virtue, which in turn ensured that citizens remained willing to serve even in the wake of catastrophic military defeats. In short, it was these part-time ‘soldier farmers’ that became the nucleus of antiquity’s most famous empire.Steele is the author of 'Killing for the Republic: The Roman Way of War'. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.
We love when we can recognize local businesses/people that are lending helping hands and Seita Jewelers in Tarentum is one of them! This past week, with the help of the community, Seita Jewelers was able to raise $12,630 to donate to the Allegheny Valley Association of Churches’ food bank! Listen to what the owner of Seita's, Curt Marino, had to say about the idea behind it and how the community stepped up to help out the cause.
BE SURE TO SEE THE SHOWNOTES AND LISTEN TO THIS EPISODE HERE. Eve Picker: [00:00:18] Hi there. Thanks so much for joining me today for the latest episode of Impact Real Estate Investing. [00:00:24] My guest today is Lance Chimka. Lance is the relatively new and extremely energetic director of Allegheny County's Economic Development Department, in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He has a very contemporary take on what government ought to be doing, and that includes investing in real estate to advance the economy. Lance is building a collaborative team environment, working with developers throughout the county, lending where banks dare not go, always with his eye on economic development growth, and always with the thought of how our region can do better. Learn how Lance and his team are supporting development in a not-quite-market rate environment. [00:01:11] Be sure to go to EvePicker.com to find out more about Lance on the show notes page for this episode. And be sure to sign up for my newsletter so you can access information about impact real estate investing and get the latest news about the exciting projects on my crowdfunding platform, Small Change. Eve: [00:01:37] Hi, Lance. I'm really excited for the opportunity to talk to you today. Lance Chimka: [00:01:41] Pleasure's all mine, Eve. Thank you. I'm honored that you would have me on. Eve: [00:01:45] We're gonna have a great time. Lance: [00:01:46] Absolutely. We usually do. Eve: [00:01:48] In a not a lot of time, you've gone from being an intern at Allegheny County Economic Development to the organization's director. And then you did a few odd jobs in-between. And that's a pretty meteoric rise, wouldn't you say? Lance: [00:02:06] Ah, yeah. I mean, I guess it has been pretty quick. It sometimes didn't feel that way. But I think the cool thing about that is that whole progression is absolutely vital to some of the stuff I want to get done, now. I wouldn't have changed that course, at all. Like, understanding kind of the daily struggles of interns in my office absolutely directly informs how I work on efficiency measures here, for example. It's been incredible and I've been really lucky to have incredible mentors along the way that have taught me a lot. That was one of my favorite things about public sector work, is it touches so much, that you're able to, you're able to learn. Eve: [00:02:45] What led you to pursue a life in government service? Was it that first internship that you just liked so much? Lance: [00:02:52] When I was pursuing an undergrad degree in finance, it was kind of in the boom times, the 2000s, and I didn't want to take that route. Kinda always been a volunteer at heart, and so I joined the Peace Corps, and that was kind of the start of my real public service. And I just kind of knew, I came back to go to CMU and get a policy degree and just kind of always knew, in my heart of hearts, I would always be in some kind of public servant role. Not necessarily in government work, but that's the path that I've chosen to this day, and it's been incredibly rewarding. Eve: [00:03:27] So, that what drives you, yeah. So, for listeners who haven't connected the dots yet, Lance and I share a hometown, Pittsburgh, and a few decades ago, Pittsburgh was pretty well all but written off. You can listen to my podcast interview with Tom Murphy that I think just went live and you'll get to hear the turnaround mayor talk about where we were then and what it took to shake that image. And that brings me to a statement that I read, that you made, Lance, which was, "we're in economic expansion, but we're not seeing some of the other growth that other benchmark cities are seeing." And I'm just wondering what you meant by that? Lance: [00:04:09] Not to, not to recap what you probably talked with Mayor Murphy about, but to get from the doldrums of 1983, which is really the trough of our local economy. Eve: [00:04:19] It was the bottom, right? Yeah. Lance: [00:04:21] Yeah. To where we're at now, has been an amazing transformation, right? It's been all about diversification and it's, of a regional economy. And then we, now we have these five primary industry sectors: in financial services, IT, energy, advanced manufacturing and healthcare. And that's really, really important because in recessionary periods, that diversified economy is very robust, and makes us the darling, and outperform benchmark cities in recessionary periods. However, the problem is that in expansionary economies we lack the kind of exponential growth that some of our other cities experience. It's just kind of the nature of our economy currently, is slow and steady wins the race, which is fine. I think my goal is on the macro economic end, is to not throw the baby out with the bathwater, keep the diversification, keep the slow, steady growth, but then really experience some of the upside of expansionary times, which we're in now. And I think the key to that is, and I'm really optimistic about the future of our economy, is across those five industry sectors. You have artificial intelligence, which we are an absolute worldwide hub of, cuts across all of those. And robotics, cuts across three of those, in advanced manufacturing, health care and energy. So, those eight intersection points that I think are the key to experiencing upside growth, and that's some of the stuff I'm excited to work on. Eve: [00:05:56] How do you work on that? How do you improve that? Lance: [00:05:59] Great question. Especially like, how does government do that? The risk profiles associated with investments in startups are probably too, you know, too risky of an investment for governments to be making. And not to mention, we don't have that skill set. But I think there are a lot of other ways we can invest in the city in a way to encourage that kind of growth. One of those ways is in real estate development, right? If you take something like biotech, right? A lot of times you've got companies that need wet lab space. You have extremely long periods to get through clinical trials. You have really expensive buildings that, you know, because of the nature of the beast, you have your non-credit tenants. So, I think when we're making investments in real estate, we need to incentivize those kind of assets in buildings that aren't going to happen in the open market. That's just one example. We lack high-bay space for robotics. Some other specialty real estate that I think the public sector can play a role in: mitigating the risks for developers who have non-credit tenants, and making sure that building stock is available. Speculative development is another thing we've classically underperformed on. And in the kind of pace of the current economy, like, people are not waiting around 18 months to build a building, they want turnkey space ready to go. So, we're working on a number of things to make sure that those types of building stock in speculative development is allowed for. And a lot of that is investment through tax abatements, and direct investment, and site assembly that I do here in this office. So, that's just one example in real estate. I think you can find other examples in public infrastructure, amenities, recreational space, and being really intentional about how we connect our tech hubs through infrastructure work. Whether that's public transit, or whether that's, you know, really compelling a multi-modal streetscape design. Things like that. Eve: [00:08:03] Quite a lot to think about, isn't there? Lance: [00:08:04] Yeah. Yeah. Keeps 'em busy. Eve: [00:08:06] So, you also served as an advisor on Pittsburgh's Amazon HQ2 proposal. And I'm wondering in retrospect how you feel about making it to the top 20 list, but not as an Amazon final city pick. Lance: [00:08:20] Yeah, I mean, I feel great about it, because I think we extracted all the marketing benefit from it without any of the really, really, really painful stuff that might have been associated with it. I am proud of our approach to that. I think it was, hey, here's a suite of stuff that we, as every Pittsburgher, there's wide agreement that we need to invest in. And we don't have a revenue stream to do that. So, let's take that suite of things we need to invest in and treat this gargantuan investment coming our way as the revenue stream. You know, and I think it helped kind of distill that suite of, that wish list, if you will, for us. And now, ok, we might not have the revenue stream, but at least it helped distill what we want to be as a city, forcing us to go through that process. And I think it was overwhelming positive experience. Eve: [00:09:13] What's the top of the list that we should become? Lance: [00:09:16] I think the two things that kind of rose to the top, given the time in our city and the way things are trending, are people want a really robust public transit network. I think that was clear. People want and are concerned about rapidly appreciating real estate values in some of our residential markets. And that would be exacerbated by a huge investment like that. And so I think it really rallied people around public transit, and around affordable housing. Which I think is a positive thing, you know? Eve: [00:09:48] Yeah, no, I agree. Lance: [00:09:50] It's great that affordable housing is suddenly cool again. You know? Eve: [00:09:53] Yeah. Lance: [00:09:54] This is fantastic. People working in this field are like, wow, this great sea change, like, in a really short period of time. Eve: [00:10:01] Yeah, that's true. Affordable housing is a really hot button issue now, isn't it? Everywhere. Lance: [00:10:06] Yeah, no doubt. And it's great. And I think ultimately, you know, we did not land that investment. I think predominately it was a numbers game, right? A population numbers game. You're talking about ... Eve: [00:10:18] Yes. Lance: [00:10:18] ... a gigantic pool of workers, and being a small middle market city was tough for us to absorb that, A., and, you know, the facts that matters are we have zero population growth and a two million metro area, and it went to a place with a 20 million metro area and five percent growth. And a, what a, maybe a 12 million metro area, and like 10 percent growth down in D.C., right? Eve: [00:10:42] Right. Lance: [00:10:42] At the end of the day it was all about ... Eve: [00:10:45] The numbers. Lance: [00:10:46] ... you know, the numbers, demographics, bodies, population. And that put a fine point that we need to work on that as well, right? That's a huge Achilles heel for us is a lack of population growth. Eve: [00:10:56] It is and it isn't. I mean, that part of Pittsburgh's charm is its size. When you talk about what should Pittsburgh become, I think you should also think about what it shouldn't become, right? Lance: [00:11:07] Sure. Eve: [00:11:07] It's a pretty beautiful and rather unique city. And each city has its own strengths. I don't know. For me, cities go beyond numbers, but perhaps not for Amazon. Lance: [00:11:17] Yeah, well, exactly. I think, despite what they would tell you, I think they had to take a very analytic approach to that. Eve: [00:11:23] Yes. Lance: [00:11:24] And it's something that like charm and culture and beauty were probably not heavily weighted ... Eve: [00:11:31] No. Lance: [00:11:31] ... on that algorithm scale, right? So. But I agree with you. Eve: [00:11:35] Probably mobility and housing stock were right up there. Lance: [00:11:38] Mm hmm. I imagine. Eve: [00:11:39] You've barely started, but what would you like to accomplish at ACED? Lance: [00:11:44] Oh, boy, I mean, a lot. So, our two-fold mission is this: one, is the work on the macro economic health of the city, which is really about building a diverse and growing regional economy that's opportunity rich for everyone to tap into, right? And we addressed some of that already. The other part of our mission is much more neighborhood-based. And that's, you know, we want to create healthy and vibrant communities. So, all of our investments, and we make those investments in the areas of housing, and industrial and commercial development, infrastructure development, parks and rec, things of that nature, all of our investments are done with that two-fold mission. So, there's certainly a lot of things I think we can do and be more creative with the tools we have. You know, I'm a big proponent of good government, too, and I think there's a lot we can do to make the public sector meet the needs of our citizens in a more efficient and customer-friendly way. So, that's the other kind of side of this that I will work on is, not only mission delivery, but just, you know, government efficiency is a twisted hobby of mine that I like, I like working on. Eve: [00:12:55] Ha! That's a really great hobby. Lance: [00:12:57] Yeah. I mean, everyone needs a hobby. Eve: [00:12:59] Yeah. Lance: [00:13:00] And to be more specific, again, I talked about the real estate assets that I think we need to incentivize. A big concern of mine is if you put communities, you can kind of classify them broadly in three buckets. And that's, there are tons of communities that are thriving, and we need to support them. There are a number of communities that are revitalizing that need special attention. There are a lot of communities, they need stabilization. We need triage. And a lot of that is direct fallout from the 1983 exodus of people with any sort of social mobility leaving the city. Eve: [00:13:37] Yeah. Yeah. Lance: [00:13:37] And we have certain areas that, they have zero market. Land value is negative, right? And that presents a whole slew of economic and social problems that go along with that. And we really need to support those communities. At the same time, kind of leaving the development breadcrumbs from areas of high opportunity to establish markets, and you kind of need to string those investments along. It's going to be a while until I can take the strength of the market that is the Strip District, for now, and pool it across the Allegheny Valley, right? And pool it down into the Mon Valley. Eve: [00:14:14] Yeah. Lance: [00:14:14] And in the process establish beachheads in Etna. And I need to establish that beachhead in Etna before I can really get to Tarentum and New Kensington, right? Same thing goes for the Mon Valley. I really need to establish a strong beachhead in Wilkinsburg and Braddock until I can really talk about strength of market in places like Clairton. In the meantime, we need to make sure that we are treating those communities with the respect that they deserve in addressing the blight and disinvestment they're struggling with, and doing that in a really smart and strategic way. Eve: [00:14:46] Well, it must be really tough making decisions because you can't have endless resources, I'm sure. And then you have to decide where to direct those resources. And for people who don't know who are listening, Pittsburgh was around 700,000 people strong and really lost more than half of its population in the 1980s. And it's now still hovering just over 300,000. Although family units are smaller now. Lance: [00:15:16] Yes. Eve: [00:15:16] It's still a lot of vacancy, right? Lance: [00:15:18] Yeah, absolutely. And so, you know, there's some opportunity there. You know, to some extent, affordable housing price per square foot is a supply demand calculation, right? Eve: [00:15:27] Yes. Lance: [00:15:28] The problem is the areas that are close to job centers, well-served by public transit, and have amenities like grocery stores. We're seeing rapid appreciation there, and obviously, because they're more desirable places to live. So, we need to make investments to ensure that those are mixed-income communities. And we also have the opportunity, though, that a lot of other cities don't, to make proactive preservation investments in areas that have naturally occurring affordable housing. And we're doing both of those things on the housing investment side. Eve: [00:16:00] Real estate development is a major component of your work. Lance: [00:16:04] Oh, yeah. I would say most of what we do has a real estate component to it. Now, one of the things we're trying to get more engaged in, that we traditionally have not, is the workforce development arena. You know, I think one of the big transitions we talked about, like the change in public opinion around affordable housing ... the innovation economy has forced site selection to go from a predominately site- and building-centric approach to predominately talent-based approach. And we, I think in the past, in the economic development community, have taken a very hands-off approach saying, hey, there are specialists in workforce development, we're going to let them do their thing, and we'll just, we'll build the stuff, invest in those tangible building products. I don't think that model works anymore. I think the workforce challenge and the future of work is such an acute need that we really need an all-hands-on-deck approach. And the more resources everyone can leverage, that and, the better. I'm just finalizing my budgets for next year and we're probably making close to a million dollars in investments in workforce development, which doesn't have a land and building component to it. And I'm proud of that. And I think that's something we'll continue to invest more heavily in. And that's everything from workforce readiness of teens, to adults with barriers to employment, getting re-educated and prepared for the workforce. You know, we need to attack this from all angles. Eve: [00:17:33] I was going to ask, is there a rhyme or reason to the projects you become involved in. But I think I'm hearing that your organization, you really play the role as almost a pioneer investor early on when perhaps it's a little bit uncomfortable for private money to be involved? Lance: [00:17:51] Oh, no doubt. Eve: [00:17:52] Yeah. Lance: [00:17:52] Yeah, absolutely. Our investments, I think, are predominately ... well, one, we take first mover investments in site assembly. Right? For example. So, one of my big hypotheses was that people say there is no market, no real estate market in Braddock, right? Eve: [00:18:14] Mmm Hmm. Lance: [00:18:14] And I challenge that. I think it's the fact that the available real estate is not the right kind of real estate. So, for example, we assembled 60 tax-delinquent, single-family structures, demolished them, consolidated them into one five-acre parcel, and worked with a very creative developer on a take-down period that worked for the finances of that kind of constrained market. And they built a 60,000 square foot high-bay light industrial building. It's probably the first new industrial development in Braddock in, I couldn't even tell you how long. This is a place that suffered 90 percent of population loss. Eve: [00:18:52] Yes. Lance: [00:18:52] Those are the type of things, in that case, we were a first mover and then worked on aggressive land conveyance strategy with the developer. And now the great thing is we have new tax base in Braddock, we new job base in Braddock, and almost more importantly, I have a comp now, I have established that land has value in Braddock. Eve: [00:19:12] Oh yes, that's very important. Lance: [00:19:14] And previously that didn't exist. So, that's something we did in 2019. They're going to take occupancy first quarter of 2020, and, yeah, we're really proud of that kind of work. So, sometimes our investments are in that realm. Other times were physical investments, either through tax leverage finance or direct investment, and yes, we assume a much higher risk profile than our private sector partners. Eve: [00:19:35] And have you been able to convince some banks to come along on the ride with you? Lance: [00:19:39] Yeah. And I think as long as you understand their underwriting criteria, and their approach, they're great partners. You just have to understand what their sweet spot is and work around it. We underwrite our investments in a very similar way that banks do, on the risk end. The difference being, one, we're willing to assume more risk. And two, on the return end we think much more broadly about returns. It's not just about debt coverage ratio. It's about tax base expansion. It isn't necessarily going to pay us, but is a return to the project because it's a mission-based return. Eve: [00:20:16] It's a return to the region, right? As well. Lance: [00:20:17] Exactly. We love working with banks and traditional funders. And we have the ability to be more flexible to allow them to meet their underwriting goals and and still participate in the project. Eve: [00:20:28] What sort of projects do you hope to see more of? I mean, if things go really well and your investments pay off in the way you want them to. What sort of projects are you hoping to see arise independently in the next five years, let's say? Lance: [00:20:42] Yeah, I think if we do a couple of projects like that, that light industrial building in Braddock then ... that's the goal, is that you would then establish a market and I can then start making similar investments in Duquesne and McKeesport. And like I said, you just pull that market down to maybe less centrally located areas. So, yeah, more spec buildings, more high-bay light industrial for robotics industry, more wet lab for biotech and life sciences. You know, hopefully, some of our development community starts to realize that you can stand in Lawrenceville in 40 dollar square foot space and look across the river at 15 dollar square foot space. And ... Eve: [00:21:19] Yes. Lance: [00:21:21] ... start to recognize that arbitrage opportunity. Because these communities, they're fantastic, unique, beautiful places. They are open to development. They are, you know, they're wonderful places to do work. And they're right adjacent to the urban core. So, you know, rethink your idea of proximity and let's do some great projects in some of these communities that are maybe overlooked in a lot of cases. Eve: [00:21:47] And then most importantly, it's pretty fun to be at the leading edge, right? Lance: [00:21:51] I think so! Sometimes, you know, that's when you don't have a comp and the bank starts to get real nervous ... Eve: [00:21:58] I know, I know. Lance: [00:21:58] ... that's when, you know, they don't find it as much fun as I do. But yeah. I mean, that's part of the fun, is there's additional challenge there, but it can be really, really rewarding if you pull something off. Eve: [00:22:08] I agree. Totally agree. Yeah. We've also talked about how to empower people in these communities to be part of the change, the rapid change that's occurring in cities like Pittsburgh. And I am wondering why you think that's important? Lance: [00:22:23] One of the big challenges we face as a society is disproportionate allocation of not only income, if you look at wealth, right? It becomes even more staggeringly problematic. So, we're not trying to establish markets for, just because, just for tax base, right? Hopefully, the idea is then, by establishing market you can assist in families building wealth, right? And we want people to be able to participate in the benefits of these hopefully catalytic investments we're making. How best to do that is a challenge. You know, obviously, it's easy when you have homeownership, high levels of homeownership, because that's, you know, your biggest asset that appreciates with change in real estate market. Eve: [00:23:17] Yeah. Lance: [00:23:17] If people have that asset and they want to cash out and participate in that upside return, well, great. You know, that's building equity, that's building wealth. And hopefully that's life changing for the family that chooses to do that. I think the problem, because when people are very culturally, emotionally and kind of societally invested, but don't have that asset to participate in the appreciation, how to plug those people in to our changing communities and make sure that they participate. And that's where, you know, lots of novel ideas that I think we've been talking about, about microlending, and, you know, equity returns back to neighborhoods, start to become really, really compelling for that kind of segment of society and something that I really want to learn more about, and try and institute some really progressive things on that front. Eve: [00:24:10] I've been talking to some people over the last year who also believe that making a space for those people, like a physical space, is really important. And they do that in different ways. Like maybe a community space or ... there's a developer that I know who very purposefully will create retail space and then look for someone in the neighborhood to fill it and really help them build their business into that space. And that, I suppose that's another very concrete way to involve community and make them feel like they belong, right? Lance: [00:24:47] Yeah. No, absolutely. Absolutely. And, you know, maybe that's a, you know, a silver lining on the challenges to retail real estate now is that mixed-use buildings are kind of hoping that's a break even spot? Right? Eve: [00:25:01] Yeah. Lance: [00:25:02] And so what you have is then, is a really affordable commercial ... Eve: [00:25:05] Right. Lance: [00:25:05] ... property for people to move into. You know, locally-owned, sole proprietorship businesses that provide a higher return back to the, to the owner. Eve: [00:25:17] Yeah, yeah. Lance: [00:25:17] Hopefully we can continue that. Eve: [00:25:19] Yeah. And so, like, I have to ask, what's, you know, your background? You mentioned a little bit about it, but what did you study? What got you to this place? Lance: [00:25:29] Yeah. I grew up in Pittsburgh, to a ... I was the youngest of four. Eve: [00:25:35] You were the baby. Lance: [00:25:36] I was the baby and I probably act like it too much. But, you know, my first education was growing up in incredibly hilarious and brilliant family. So, you know, my parents were really hardworking, great people. I went to a mix of public and Catholic schools when I was a kid. I studied finance in Washington, D.C., The Catholic University of America. Went overseas and lived in Turkmenistan for three years, which was arguably the most educative of all of my educational experience. And I came back to CMU to get a policy degree with the intention of going back to do more international development work, because I found it just fascinating. But really fell back in love with my hometown, recognized that there were parts of my city that were in as much need or possibly greater need than what we consider to be some of the, you know, the most poverty stricken places on earth. And that didn't sit great with me. Yeah, all of those different educational life experiences, it kind of like, let me down this path. And, you know, people, like I said I have had great work mentors that have given me chances to work on stuff. I've just been incredibly lucky. Eve: [00:26:51] I have a feeling it's not just luck, but we can go with that. Lance: [00:26:53] I think it's mostly luck. It's mostly luck. But yeah, like I say, it goes back to my parents. I do work hard at it because I love it. It never quite feels like work, you know. Some days it does. Eve: [00:27:04] Yes. Lance: [00:27:05] Most of the time it doesn't. Eve: [00:27:06] That's great. And do you think on the whole, socially responsible real estate is necessary in today's development landscape. Outside of the work you do, like everyday developers? What do you think that should look like? Lance: [00:27:20] There's crappy real estate development and there's good real estate development, right? Eve: [00:27:23] Yes. Lance: [00:27:24] I think good real estate development is about placemaking, and placemaking is about integration into the community. Not just, you know, from a contextual design standpoint, but from a 'community needs' standpoint. And I think enlightened developers get that. Enlightened developers know that incorporating that kind of philosophy in the development usually leads to higher returns, too. So, I think it can be done well and it can be done profitably, right? Eve: [00:27:52] Right. Lance: [00:27:52] It just requires a kind of a philosophy, a mindset, and the ability to listen to people a little bit more. But in the end, they have a much better project to show for it. Eve: [00:28:03] Creating something that's responsible isn't really swallowing a bitter pill, right? Lance: [00:28:09] No, definitely not. Especially when you have your friendly local government economic development person to help you along the way and hopefully chip in where necessary. Eve: [00:28:20] And are there any current trends in real estate that you think are interesting or most important to the future of our cities? Lance: [00:28:28] Well, I mean, I think it's interesting, you know, being the hub of technology that we are. I think the design considerations around places like parking garages, for example, I think are really interesting. Because the rate of technological change is forcing people to consider the fact that this structure could achieve obsolescence in five, 10 years. Eve: [00:28:52] Yeah. Lance: [00:28:52] Which, what previously was considered a 50 year asset. So, I find that inherently fascinating. Eve: [00:28:58] It is fascinating, isn't it? I just start thinking about, well, what could you do with a parking garage? Lance: [00:29:04] Yeah, right. Eve: [00:29:04] How many housing units could you put into those little slots? Lance: [00:29:08] Precisely. And are they going to be livable, you know? Eve: [00:29:10] Yeah. Lance: [00:29:10] And how do you remediate the oil afterward? You know? Eve: [00:29:12] That's right. Lance: [00:29:12] It's a ... it's a really interesting thing. So, you see people spec-ing in higher ceiling heights than they would have previously. Flat floor plates. All these different design considerations that I find fascinating. And even more fascinating because we're on the bleeding edge of all of the autonomous vehicle technology that is going to lead to obsolescence of those buildings. So, yeah, I mean, that's one that I find fascinating. What else? Eve: [00:29:39] I'm watching zoning changes across the country, and across the world. I'm pretty fascinated to see how quickly that's going to move along. When you have cities, you know, basically outlawing single family homes. That's quite a statement. Lance: [00:29:53] Yes. I think Pittsburgh in particular is being very progressive in some ways with, you know, allowing for accessory dwelling units, which I know you're probably an advocate for, and ... Eve: [00:30:05] Yeah. Lance: [00:30:06] ... and, you know, what they've done with the RIV district, for example, and ensuring access to the waterfront, I think is some really good things. However, in some city neighborhoods, and this gets even more acutely problematic when you move out to maybe smaller municipal governments that haven't updated their zoning and code in a while. The thing that I find problematic is if you ask the average 10 people on the street what the vision for new development their community would look like? And then you show them what current zoning allows for, they would be horrified, right? Eve: [00:30:40] Yes, yeah, I think that's true in most places. Lance: [00:30:43] It's a huge disconnect and it's worrisome to me. Eve: [00:30:47] Yeah, I mean, how do, you know, it's really expensive updating a zoning code. I've been involved in that. It's a really big deal. Lance: [00:30:53] It is. And when you multiply that by 130 municipalities with wide, varying levels of, kind of, capacity. It's ... yeah, it's really a daunting task. Eve: [00:31:05] Yeah. And one sign-off question, then. Given all of the possibilities, what comes next for ACED, and for you? Lance: [00:31:14] I am very project focused. And I believe that markets are built one great project at a time and I try not to let the enormity of the challenges, you know, get me down, right? It's just one good project at a time. We're focused on that every day, and we're focused on being innovative and creative every day. And there are a ton of innovative and creative people in Pittsburgh that we need to partner with and work with to solve these problems. Like I said, it's all hands on deck. Eve: [00:31:48] Well, thank you very much. I really enjoyed that conversation. I can't wait to see what you do next. Lance: [00:31:52] Awesome. Thank you so much, Eve. Eve: [00:31:54] That was Lance Chimka. Lance is embracing his role as the head of an economic development department with energy. Our conversation reflects the way that Lance thinks. Broad and diverse ideas to get at very particular economic problems. Lance is focused on growth, first and foremost. Making sure that Pittsburgh's growth matches other cities. But at the same time, he wants to make sure that no one is left behind. So, he thinks a lot about how to empower communities in the path of rapid change, and how to change the disproportionate allocation of wealth. I'll be interested to see the impact that Lance's leadership will have. Eve: [00:32:46] You can find out more about impact real estate investing and access the show notes for today's episode at my website, EvePicker.com. While you're there, sign up for my newsletter to find out more about how to make money in real estate while building better cities. [00:33:12] Thank you so much for spending your time with me today. And thank you, Lance, for sharing your thoughts with me. We'll talk again soon. But for now, this is Eve Picker signing off to go make some change.
After the first 2 days of the Julian Asange trial it’s very evident that corporate oligarchy is trying to destroy REAL journalism! NEW LIVE STAND UP COMEDY DATES March 14: Books & Brews in Indianapolis, IN March 20: Album Recording at The Reliable Tavern in Washington, D.C. March 21: Album Recording at The Arthaus Projects in Williamsport. PA March 28: Opening for Lee Camp at the Orpheum Theater in Flagstaff, AZ March 29: Opening for Lee Camp at the O Comedy Lounge in Tucson, AZ April 2-4: Album Recording at Mr. Roboto at the Pittsburgh Fringe Festival April 17: The Clement in Tarentum, PA April 18: The Lou Costello Room inside Zissimos in Baltimore, MD April 25-26: Opening for Lee Camp at the Block Off Biltmore in Asheville, NC May 3: Kaiju in Louisville, KY May 4: True Grit House Show in Knoxville, TN Patreon : http://bit.ly/SupportKrish 1 Time Donation: http://bit.ly/1TimeDIYDonation Anchor Donations: https://anchor.fm/taboo-table-talk Weekly Newsletter: http://bit.ly/WeeklyKrish
Tijdens deze aflevering zien de we eerste ontmoeting tussen Pyrrhus en Rome op het slagveld. Het was de kennismaking van de Romeinen met krijgsolifanten die direct een vernietigende indruk achterlieten, zowel letterlijk als figuurlijk. We zien een Senaat die meer dan ooit kwetsbaar lijkt voor buitenlandse inmenging en een oude blinde man die de Senaat uiteindelijk herinnert aan Romeinse deugd en moed.Hier vind je een link naar de website.Hier vind je een link naar de Facebookpagina.
Tijdens deze aflevering keren we terug naar Italië in 290 v. Chr. aan de vooravond van de invasie van Italië door Pyrrhus van Epirus. Hier vind je de link naar de website.Hier vind je een link naar de Facebookpagina.
Bomb Cyclone and midwest Snow Snarl (WashPo) Giving Thanks when Life is Hard ... GUEST Rev Josh Brown ... Pastor, Bellefield Evangelical Presbyterian Church, Oakland district of Pittsburgh Advent starts this Sunday: why do we do it? (Vox) Things should be Harder ... GUEST Anne Kennedy Rite Aid gives former pharmacy building to Tarentum church (PG) Ranker: Vote on Everything — The Most Delicious Thanksgiving Side Dishes Giving Thanks ... GUEST Dr Curt Thompson The Irishman comes on Netflix today ... GUEST Rev Dr Ed Glover, Founder and President of Urban Impact Foundation, along with his wife Tammy, has been involved in urban ministry on Pittsburgh’s North Side for over 20 yrs. Urban Impact’s annual Christmas show will be presented on Fri Decr 6th & Sat, Dec 7th at 7pm at Christ Church at Grove Farm; Admission is free and more information can be found at www.uifpgh.org/light. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
Bomb Cyclone and midwest Snow Snarl (WashPo) Giving Thanks when Life is Hard ... GUEST Rev Josh Brown ... Pastor, Bellefield Evangelical Presbyterian Church, Oakland district of Pittsburgh Advent starts this Sunday: why do we do it? (Vox) Things should be Harder ... GUEST Anne Kennedy Rite Aid gives former pharmacy building to Tarentum church (PG) Ranker: Vote on Everything — The Most Delicious Thanksgiving Side Dishes Giving Thanks ... GUEST Dr Curt Thompson The Irishman comes on Netflix today ... GUEST Rev Dr Ed Glover, Founder and President of Urban Impact Foundation, along with his wife Tammy, has been involved in urban ministry on Pittsburgh’s North Side for over 20 yrs. Urban Impact’s annual Christmas show will be presented on Fri Decr 6th & Sat, Dec 7th at 7pm at Christ Church at Grove Farm; Admission is free and more information can be found at www.uifpgh.org/light. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
Tarentum in southern Italy may have been a Spartan colony, but when it was under pressure from first its Italic neighbours and then Rome itself, it preferred to call in some help from abroad. In this episode the Ancient Warfare team discuss the latest episode of the magazine which covers Hellenistic mercenary armies in Southern Italy.
Hello, this is Abel, speaking from Beijing, China. Welcome to my podcast. The Tale of Rome, Episode 43 — The Appian Way – Part Two. — “One more step, to your left!” The boy, holding the heavy groma, and some 40 paces away from the surveyor, didn’t hear the order. And so — he didn’t move. — “To the left, I told you,” the surveyor yelled. The boy, now startled, jumped to his left. The poor apprentice couldn’t get a single word, because of the strong gale blowing east from the sea. — “A single step, I told you!” The surveyor was running out of time and patience. “What a stulte, this boy,” he muttered to himself. Stulte was the word for “slow” in Latin, especially when someone was — sort of, slow to understand things. In plain English, it would also mean dumb, or dim-witted. So when the boy tried to get back to where he thought the man wanted him to stay, he tripped on a rock. As he tried to avoid the fall, he held on to the groma, and its ferrous tip bent into an awkward angle. And to make matters worse, one of the handles of the groma broke off, as the apprentice tried to hold on to it. The main pole hit the ground, and so did the boy. Like that, the groma was useless. […] Miles and miles of swamps, infested with cattails, frogs, mosquitoes and the ocasional corpses of animals and men, that just couldn’t make it through the land. Here, I would like to add two things. One one hand, the Appian Way wasn’t built in all its length in the year 312 BC. That year, it only got to Capua. And later on — in the year 291 BC, to be more precise, the road would reach the locality of Venusia. We are still some 20 years away from that. And then — another 10 years later, the Appian Way would finally reach Tarentum. By that time, we will be dealing with a whole new topic. The upcoming wars against Pyrrhus of Epirus. And then — after that, the Appian Way will go all the way to the heel of Italy. That is Brundisium. And after that, the road will make a giant U-turn, and snake its way to the other end of Italy. The point where the continent is at its nearest with the island of Sicily. Centuries later, under the reign of Emperor Trajan, the Appian Way will become a true masterpiece for its times. OK, and on the other hand, I need to make a short list of Roman roads — or ways, rather, that ALREADY existed before the construction of the Appian Way. […]
Episode 43 – The Appian Way – Part Two— The wheelbarrow as we know it, made its appearance in Europe around the tenth century, at the height of the Dark Ages.Part Two of the Appian Way. Tools, laws, and lists of other Roman roads, used at the time.Partial TranscriptHello, this is Abel, speaking from Beijing, China. Welcome to my podcast. The Tale of Rome, Episode 43 — The Appian Way – Part Two.— “One more step, to your left!”The boy, holding the heavy groma, and some 40 paces away from the surveyor, didn't hear the order.And so — he didn't move.— “To the left, I told you,” the surveyor yelled.The boy, now startled, jumped to his left. The poor apprentice couldn't get a single word, because of the strong gale blowing east from the sea.— “A single step, I told you!” The surveyor was running out of time and patience. “What a stulte, this boy,” he muttered to himself.Stulte was the word for “slow” in Latin, especially when someone was — sort of, slow to understand things.In plain English, it would also mean dumb, or dim-witted.So when the boy tried to get back to where he thought the man wanted him to stay, he tripped on a rock.As he tried to avoid the fall, he held on to the groma, and its ferrous tip bent into an awkward angle.And to make matters worse, one of the handles of the groma broke off, as the apprentice tried to hold on to it.The main pole hit the ground, and so did the boy.Like that, the groma was useless.[…]Miles and miles of swamps, infested with cattails, frogs, mosquitoes and the ocasional corpses of animals and men, that just couldn't make it through the land.Here, I would like to add two things.One one hand, the Appian Way wasn't built in all its length in the year 312 BC. That year, it only got to Capua.And later on — in the year 291 BC, to be more precise, the road would reach the locality of Venusia. We are still some 20 years away from that.And then — another 10 years later, the Appian Way would finally reach Tarentum.By that time, we will be dealing with a whole new topic.The upcoming wars against Pyrrhus of Epirus.And then — after that, the Appian Way will go all the way to the heel of Italy. That is Brundisium.And after that, the road will make a giant U-turn, and snake its way to the other end of Italy. The point where the continent is at its nearest with the island of Sicily.Centuries later, under the reign of Emperor Trajan, the Appian Way will become a true masterpiece for its times.OK, and on the other hand, I need to make a short list of Roman roads — or ways, rather, that ALREADY existed before the construction of the Appian Way.[…]
Podcast 25: Live from the Couch! This week is a very special edition of the podcast as we were recording at Couch Brewery with head brewer Cary! Beer #1: Recliner - Couch Brewery (Oatmeal Stout 6.5% ABV) Very dark and not super heavy, we really enjoyed this one. We fired a bunch of questions at Cary and he took them all in stride. His first story was about how Couch got started. Cary explains how he and his crew balance their day jobs and the brewery. Alex asked about how Cary got into craft beer. Cary started out with a lot of imports and kind of grew into his own creations from there. Cary tells the story of how the crew got together and scouted a bunch of places in Pittsburgh to find the perfect location to sit on the couch and drink a beer. Couch is made to be comfortable and relaxed. The story of the bar is up next. Cary and the guys found this dive bar in Tarentum and they snagged the bar when the building was going to be changed over to a soup kitchen… Hilarity ensued. After the bar story, Cary had to check the beer. Beer #2: Wake Up Protocol - Dancing Gnome/Triple Crossing (NE DIPA - 8.5% ABV) Hazy as hell, really refreshing and a solid drinker. Beer #3: Nobody's Robot - Dancing Gnome (DIPA - 8.2% ABV) Very fruity nose. Alex and Sara got a bit of hop bitterness. While Cary was away we discuss the aesthetic of Couch and the furniture. We touched on some of the beers we had during DG's Birthday Party. Hop Culture threw one hell of a bash. Cary returns! Thanks to all of our listeners! From there we discuss social media and technology in the craft beer industry. One thing that stands out about Couch is that Cary and the guys built their “hot side”(where they boil the wort) from scratch and its a totally unique system that no one anywhere has it. He elaborated on the brewery business plan and how they were able to itemize purchases and time frame to develop the brewery. Cary loves welding and basically made the “hot side” from scratch. He expands on that quite a bit. We all start firing shots at Mike, who we've never met but we already love. ANNOUNCEMENT!!!! We will be running a contest on Instagram this week to give away a VIP Ticket to Pittsburgh Libations Week Kick Off Bash!!!! Cary returns! And we fired a bunch of beer questions at him. His favorite beer is Recliner. Mike likes IPAs and Darren wanted a Hefeweizen. Cary explained why they have a wide variety of types of alcohol at Couch. They have a full bar of local spirits to cater to everyone. They carry Boyd and Blair Vodkas, Liberty Pole Spirits, Quantum Spirits, McGlaughlin Distillery, Maggie's Farm Rum, etc. The orange sectional we were sitting on has a great story that Cary told. We have a great discussion on editing and curse words. Jake wanted to make an appearance so we put him on speakerphone. We play Jake's favorite game: “What questions did you already ask?” What's Cary's favorite beer and style? Jake asked the tough questions. What is the hardest part of owning a business in the service industry? Beer #4: Atomic Punk - Couch Brewery (Amber ale with fall spices - 5.5% ABV) There is no pumpkin in this beer. Cary used Atomic Clock and added pumpkin style spices to a keg that's almost kicked already! They're making more though! Cinnamon nose and the allspice and cloves come through in a light and well rounded amber ale. Cary discussed their canning process. Individually canning is extremely labor intensive. They had the whole crew on it for Atomic Meltdown. We have a quick math lesson to figure out about 13 cases of that beer were canned. We finish off our interview with Cary with one of our favorite topics: Can Design. So he told the story of how he met their regular Patrick who designed both cans for Couch. We wrap up with what's coming up and next week's Dancing Gnome Birthday Party recap. Couch Brewery: www.couchbrewery.com Pgh Libations Week: www.pittsburghlibationsweek.com
Episode 41 – The End of the Great War— In the end, Gaius Pontius saw that his old father — Herennius Pontius, had been right all along. Samnia now had a deadly enemy called Rome, and all Romans could think of, was vengeance.The end of the Second Samnite War, from the fall of Apulia, to the inspection of Samnia, by Consul Publius Sempronius.Partial TranscriptHello, this is Abel, speaking from Sanya, in the south of China. Welcome to my podcast.The Tale of Rome. Episode 41 — The End of the Great War.We are in the year 435 of the Founding of the City. By our accounts, that is the year 319 BC.Early morning. It's the first day of the year.Not the first day of the Julian Calendar — that would come centuries later — but, the first day of the Calendar, as it was set by Romulus, and Numa Pompilius, the second king of Rome.And the business of this first day of the year, was to elect the two new Consuls for the year.Serious business.Senators old and young, were hurrying to the building of the Curia, for — two really important decisions, depended on today's vote.On one hand, somebody would have to deal with the consequences of what happened at the Caudine Forks.And, on the other hand, there was a law that was going to — either pass, or not pass.And that law, had nothing to do with war, or the humiliating defeat at the Caudine Forks.That law, if passed, would take away one certain power from Consuls, and would give it to the new guys in town.The Censors.That's right — if today's law passed, Censors would become the ones, who would have the power to remove someone from the Senate, and there was a myriad of reasons why this could happen.So, anyways.Before we get into the nitty-gritty of what was going on, I would like to read a short list of six items, on how a Senator's day went on, when it was time to pass new laws, welcome new Senators into the house, and other (smaller) business at hand.ONE — Before the start of any important session, Senators would go to the Augurs, or Oracles, and see if the day in question, was actually good for passing new laws, or any other business.At that time, there were four guys with sufficient authority in all of Rome, to decide whether the day was auspicious or not.We'll talk more about this further down the line.TWO — Before any voting, there were speeches. Always. Even if the voting was as trivial as the naming of a street, a speech was to be had.THREE — Sometimes these speeches went really long. And I mean, long![…]A huge army from Tarentum showed up on the horizon, just as Romans and Samnites were about to get running into each other's throats.Their trumpets stopped everyone, and the Tarentines announced that this battle was being ordered, canceled.That's right! Canceled! And the Tarentines even said that whoever made a move to attack the other side, the army of Tarentum would immediately join the other side, and make the aggressors lose the whole fight.Right away, the Romans called up their oracle, and checked on their sacred chicken.The chicken said — well, they didn't say a thing — the oracle said, the gods were totally in favor of a frontal, brutal, battle, and that Rome was not to be afraid of the new arrival.And so — they made their battle formations, and started to walk forward.[…]
Hello, this is Abel, speaking from Sanya, in the south of China. Welcome to my podcast. The Tale of Rome. Episode 41 — The End of the Great War. We are in the year 435 of the Founding of the City. By our accounts, that is the year 319 BC. Early morning. It’s the first day of the year. Not the first day of the Julian Calendar — that would come centuries later — but, the first day of the Calendar, as it was set by Romulus, and Numa Pompilius, the second king of Rome. And the business of this first day of the year, was to elect the two new Consuls for the year. Serious business. Senators old and young, were hurrying to the building of the Curia, for — two really important decisions, depended on today’s vote. On one hand, somebody would have to deal with the consequences of what happened at the Caudine Forks. And, on the other hand, there was a law that was going to — either pass, or not pass. And that law, had nothing to do with war, or the humiliating defeat at the Caudine Forks. That law, if passed, would take away one certain power from Consuls, and would give it to the new guys in town. The Censors. That’s right — if today’s law passed, Censors would become the ones, who would have the power to remove someone from the Senate, and there was a myriad of reasons why this could happen. So, anyways. Before we get into the nitty-gritty of what was going on, I would like to read a short list of six items, on how a Senator’s day went on, when it was time to pass new laws, welcome new Senators into the house, and other (smaller) business at hand. ONE — Before the start of any important session, Senators would go to the Augurs, or Oracles, and see if the day in question, was actually good for passing new laws, or any other business. At that time, there were four guys with sufficient authority in all of Rome, to decide whether the day was auspicious or not. We’ll talk more about this further down the line. TWO — Before any voting, there were speeches. Always. Even if the voting was as trivial as the naming of a street, a speech was to be had. THREE — Sometimes these speeches went really long. And I mean, long! […] A huge army from Tarentum showed up on the horizon, just as Romans and Samnites were about to get running into each other’s throats. Their trumpets stopped everyone, and the Tarentines announced that this battle was being ordered, canceled. That’s right! Canceled! And the Tarentines even said that whoever made a move to attack the other side, the army of Tarentum would immediately join the other side, and make the aggressors lose the whole fight. Right away, the Romans called up their oracle, and checked on their sacred chicken. The chicken said — well, they didn’t say a thing — the oracle said, the gods were totally in favor of a frontal, brutal, battle, and that Rome was not to be afraid of the new arrival. And so — they made their battle formations, and started to walk forward. […]
Hello, this is Abel, speaking from Beijing, China. Welcome to my podcast. The Tale of Rome, Episode 35 — Alexander of Epirus. Last week we left off with five open topics, which we will cover in this episode. They are — as follows: ONE — Our weekly report from Ostia, brought by our loyal slave, who spends entire days on the docks and markets of the port of Rome. This way we get to know what is going on in Greece, since we are in the times of Alexander the Great, and events are too important, to just let them “hang in there” until our episode of the State of the Union. TWO — The tactics of the Phalanx, at the time of the Roman King Servius Tullius. As a side note — at the time of Romulus, Romans fought using a system of just one strong leader, leading his equally strong warriors into hand-to-hand fights. No Phalanxes there, whatsoever. THREE — The continuation of the situation between Rome and the Latins, after the Roman Senate rejected what they asked from Rome. FOUR — The continuation of our family saga, now that we know the whereabouts of Marcus, Falvius, and Spurion, the son of Spurious. AND FIVE — The part where Alexander of Epirus, the uncle of two famous nephews, arrives in Italy, does his thing, and ends up dying in Italy. […] But, just in case, I might as well explain it — briefly. We already know that the people in southern Italy were somewhat peculiar, and we have already seen how the Campanians turned against Rome, after Rome helped them against the Samnites, in the First Samnite War. Well, these people — the people of the Greek colonies in Italy, they were made of the same cloth. After all the help that Alexander of Epirus gave them — they began thinking that the man would suddenly get ideas of making himself some kind of a king in the region. Without even checking, if these were facts or fake news, the people of the city of Tarentum created a huge alliance with all the other cities in the south — and they all went up, against Alexander. What a turn of events! […]
Resuming our narrative of the history of Carthage, we turn to one of the successor realms in the West. Pyrrhus, a second cousin of Alexander the Great, rose to become King of Epirus after a tumultuous and eventful childhood. After distinguishing himself by his skill as a military commander and his personal bravery, Pyrrhus invaded Italy in 280 BC at the invitation of the Greek city-state of Tarentum to support the western Greeks against the rising power of Rome. The resulting Pyrrhic War would be an epic clash between the dynamic Pyrrhus and the solid, relentless Romans, and the conflict would eventually draw Carthage's involvement due to its importance. In this episode, we cover the rise of Pyrrhus up until he sets foot in Italy. In Part II, we will cover the Pyrrhic War in detail and how Pyrrhus's actions set the stage for the Punic Wars to come. Link to the Layman's Historian website Link to my Map of the Mediterranean World Circa 300 BC Link to the Episode 18 page on the Layman's Historian website Subscribe or leave a review on iTunes Leave a like or comment on the Facebook page Follow on Twitter Contact me directly through email
Nu există o astfel de lucrare, dar în principiu asta discutăm astăzi – după ce parcurgem un pic geografia Italiei (a strămoșilor noștri romani, mai exact) și despre ce înseamnă Magna Graecia, și pe unde se află puncte importante precum Tarentum sau Massana. După care începem să discutăm primul război punic și felul în care … Continuă să citești #040 – De bello punici
Richard Williams | The Pennsylvania Mainline Canal On episode 11 of the podcast, history educator Richard Williams discusses the Western Division of the Pennsylvania Mainline Canal, from Pittsburgh to Johnstown. This episode was recorded August 13, 2017 at the Allegheny-Kiski Valley Historical Society and Heritage Museum, Tarentum, Pennsylvania. Host: Kevin Farkas. Guest: Richard Williams, with Jim Thomas. Audiography: Kevin Farkas, Dave Holoweiko. Music (available on Soundcloud.com): Siren (“Let You Know”), Malmo (“Shoreline Weeks”), Alexander White (“What We Saw”). ©2017 Alle-Kiski Chronicle Podcast/TSVP. All rights reserved. OTHER WAYS TO FIND THE PODCAST jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3067').owlCarousel({ responsive:{ 0:{ items:1 }, 480:{ items:2 }, 768:{ items:3 }, 980:{ items:4 }, 1200:{ items:4 }, 1500:{ items:4 } }, autoplay : true, autoplayTimeout : 3000, autoplayHoverPause : true, smartSpeed : 400, fluidSpeed : 400, autoplaySpeed : 400, navSpeed : 400, dotsSpeed : 400, loop : true, nav : true, navText : ['',''], dots : true, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 1, mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3067').css('visibility', 'visible'); sa_resize_slider_3067(); window.addEventListener('resize', sa_resize_slider_3067); function sa_resize_slider_3067() { var min_height = '50'; var win_width = jQuery(window).width(); var slider_width = jQuery('#slider_3067').width(); if (win_width < 480) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 768) { var slide_width = slider_width / 2; } else if (win_width < 980) { var slide_width = slider_width / 3; } else if (win_width < 1200) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else if (win_width < 1500) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } slide_width = Math.round(slide_width); var slide_height = '0'; if (min_height == 'aspect43') { slide_height = (slide_width / 4) * 3; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else if (min_height == 'aspect169') { slide_height = (slide_width / 16) * 9; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else { slide_height = (slide_width / 100) * min_height; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } jQuery('#slider_3067 .owl-item .sa_hover_container').css('min-height', slide_height+'px'); } }); SUPPORT LOCAL HISTORY Let’s keep local history alive for future generations! If you like our podcast, please help us continue this great educational program--for today and tomorrow. Show your support by making a financial donation, underwriting the podcast, or advertising your business or service on the show. jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3943').owlCarousel({ items : 1, smartSpeed : 0, autoplay : false, autoplayHoverPause : false, smartSpeed : 0, fluidSpeed : 0, autoplaySpeed : 0, navSpeed : 0, dotsSpeed : 0, loop : true, nav : false, navText : ['',''], dots : false, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 'page', mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3943').css('visibility', 'visible'); sa_resize_slider_3943(); window.addEventListener('resize', sa_resize_slider_3943); function sa_resize_slider_3943() { var min_height = '10'; var win_width = jQuery(window).width(); var slider_width = jQuery('#slider_3943').width(); if (win_width < 480) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 768) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 980) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 1200) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1;
John Nichols | Uncles at War On episode 10 of the podcast, historian John Nichols presents his book, Uncles at War, detailing the family histories and WWII experiences of three uncles--Eldred Gray , Gerald Gray, and William Nichols. This episode was recorded May 24, 2017 at the Allegheny-Kiski Valley Historical Society and Heritage Museum, Tarentum, Pennsylvania. Host: Kevin Farkas. Guest: John Nichols, with Jim Thomas. Audiography: Kevin Farkas. Music (available on Soundcloud.com): Amoebacrew (“Cute Hip Hop”). ©2017 Alle-Kiski Chronicle Podcast/TSVP. All rights reserved. OTHER WAYS TO FIND THE PODCAST jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3067').owlCarousel({ responsive:{ 0:{ items:1 }, 480:{ items:2 }, 768:{ items:3 }, 980:{ items:4 }, 1200:{ items:4 }, 1500:{ items:4 } }, autoplay : true, autoplayTimeout : 3000, autoplayHoverPause : true, smartSpeed : 400, fluidSpeed : 400, autoplaySpeed : 400, navSpeed : 400, dotsSpeed : 400, loop : true, nav : true, navText : ['',''], dots : true, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 1, mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3067').css('visibility', 'visible'); sa_resize_slider_3067(); window.addEventListener('resize', sa_resize_slider_3067); function sa_resize_slider_3067() { var min_height = '50'; var win_width = jQuery(window).width(); var slider_width = jQuery('#slider_3067').width(); if (win_width < 480) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 768) { var slide_width = slider_width / 2; } else if (win_width < 980) { var slide_width = slider_width / 3; } else if (win_width < 1200) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else if (win_width < 1500) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } slide_width = Math.round(slide_width); var slide_height = '0'; if (min_height == 'aspect43') { slide_height = (slide_width / 4) * 3; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else if (min_height == 'aspect169') { slide_height = (slide_width / 16) * 9; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else { slide_height = (slide_width / 100) * min_height; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } jQuery('#slider_3067 .owl-item .sa_hover_container').css('min-height', slide_height+'px'); } }); SUPPORT LOCAL HISTORY Let’s keep local history alive for future generations! If you like our podcast, please help us continue this great educational program--for today and tomorrow. Show your support by making a financial donation, underwriting the podcast, or advertising your business or service on the show. jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3943').owlCarousel({ items : 1, smartSpeed : 0, autoplay : false, autoplayHoverPause : false, smartSpeed : 0, fluidSpeed : 0, autoplaySpeed : 0, navSpeed : 0, dotsSpeed : 0, loop : true, nav : false, navText : ['',''], dots : false, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 'page', mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3943').css('visibility', 'visible'); sa_resize_slider_3943(); window.addEventListener('resize', sa_resize_slider_3943); function sa_resize_slider_3943() { var min_height = '10'; var win_width = jQuery(window).width(); var slider_width = jQuery('#slider_3943').width(); if (win_width < 480) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 768) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 980) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 1200) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 1500) {
Carleton Young | Voices From the Attic On episode 9 of the podcast, historian Carleton Young of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania presents his book, Voices From the Attic: The Williamstown Boys in the Civil War--a fascinating account of discovering family letters from the Civil War and retracing American history through eye-witness accounts by his ancestors. This episode was recorded April 23, 2017 at the Allegheny-Kiski Valley Historical Society and Heritage Museum, Tarentum, Pennsylvania. Host: Kevin Farkas. Guest: Carleton Young, with Jim Thomas. Audiography: Kevin Farkas. Music (available on Soundcloud.com): CR Ensemble (“Script”), Alexander White (“What We Saw”), Alfred Farrugia (Granular"). ©2017 Alle-Kiski Chronicle Podcast/TSVP. All rights reserved. OTHER WAYS TO FIND THE PODCAST jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3067').owlCarousel({ responsive:{ 0:{ items:1 }, 480:{ items:2 }, 768:{ items:3 }, 980:{ items:4 }, 1200:{ items:4 }, 1500:{ items:4 } }, autoplay : true, autoplayTimeout : 3000, autoplayHoverPause : true, smartSpeed : 400, fluidSpeed : 400, autoplaySpeed : 400, navSpeed : 400, dotsSpeed : 400, loop : true, nav : true, navText : ['',''], dots : true, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 1, mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3067').css('visibility', 'visible'); sa_resize_slider_3067(); window.addEventListener('resize', sa_resize_slider_3067); function sa_resize_slider_3067() { var min_height = '50'; var win_width = jQuery(window).width(); var slider_width = jQuery('#slider_3067').width(); if (win_width < 480) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 768) { var slide_width = slider_width / 2; } else if (win_width < 980) { var slide_width = slider_width / 3; } else if (win_width < 1200) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else if (win_width < 1500) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } slide_width = Math.round(slide_width); var slide_height = '0'; if (min_height == 'aspect43') { slide_height = (slide_width / 4) * 3; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else if (min_height == 'aspect169') { slide_height = (slide_width / 16) * 9; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else { slide_height = (slide_width / 100) * min_height; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } jQuery('#slider_3067 .owl-item .sa_hover_container').css('min-height', slide_height+'px'); } }); SUPPORT LOCAL HISTORY Let’s keep local history alive for future generations! If you like our podcast, please help us continue this great educational program--for today and tomorrow. Show your support by making a financial donation, underwriting the podcast, or advertising your business or service on the show. jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3943').owlCarousel({ items : 1, smartSpeed : 0, autoplay : false, autoplayHoverPause : false, smartSpeed : 0, fluidSpeed : 0, autoplaySpeed : 0, navSpeed : 0, dotsSpeed : 0, loop : true, nav : false, navText : ['',''], dots : false, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 'page', mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3943').css('visibility', 'visible'); sa_resize_slider_3943(); window.addEventListener('resize', sa_resize_slider_3943); function sa_resize_slider_3943() { var min_height = '10'; var win_width = jQuery(window).width(); var slider_width = jQuery('#slider_3943').width(); if (win_width < 480) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 768) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 980) {
Stefano Ballini | Monte Sole Landing Memories On episode 8 of the podcast we present the American film screening of Monte Sole Landing Memories, a documentary by Italian filmmaker Stefano Ballini, featuring Pittsburgh-area WWII veterans of Italian decent: Frank Gervasi, Michael Vernillo, and Vittorio Zippi. Note: The film is not presented here, but it is available online in its entirety with English subtitles. This episode was recorded March 22, 2017 at the Allegheny-Kiski Valley Historical Society and Museum, Tarentum, Pa. Emcee: Kevin Farkas, with Stefano Ballini. Executive Producer: Kevin Farkas. Audiography: Kevin Farkas. Music (available on Soundcloud.com): Fabio Zaccaria ("1"), Alexander White ("What We Saw"). ©2017 Alle-Kiski Chronicle Podcast/TSVP. All rights reserved. OTHER WAYS TO FIND THE PODCAST jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3067').owlCarousel({ responsive:{ 0:{ items:1 }, 480:{ items:2 }, 768:{ items:3 }, 980:{ items:4 }, 1200:{ items:4 }, 1500:{ items:4 } }, autoplay : true, autoplayTimeout : 3000, autoplayHoverPause : true, smartSpeed : 400, fluidSpeed : 400, autoplaySpeed : 400, navSpeed : 400, dotsSpeed : 400, loop : true, nav : true, navText : ['',''], dots : true, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 1, mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3067').css('visibility', 'visible'); sa_resize_slider_3067(); window.addEventListener('resize', sa_resize_slider_3067); function sa_resize_slider_3067() { var min_height = '50'; var win_width = jQuery(window).width(); var slider_width = jQuery('#slider_3067').width(); if (win_width < 480) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 768) { var slide_width = slider_width / 2; } else if (win_width < 980) { var slide_width = slider_width / 3; } else if (win_width < 1200) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else if (win_width < 1500) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } slide_width = Math.round(slide_width); var slide_height = '0'; if (min_height == 'aspect43') { slide_height = (slide_width / 4) * 3; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else if (min_height == 'aspect169') { slide_height = (slide_width / 16) * 9; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else { slide_height = (slide_width / 100) * min_height; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } jQuery('#slider_3067 .owl-item .sa_hover_container').css('min-height', slide_height+'px'); } }); SUPPORT LOCAL HISTORY Let’s keep local history alive for future generations! If you like our podcast, please help us continue this great educational program--for today and tomorrow. Show your support by making a financial donation, underwriting the podcast, or advertising your business or service on the show. jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3943').owlCarousel({ items : 1, smartSpeed : 0, autoplay : false, autoplayHoverPause : false, smartSpeed : 0, fluidSpeed : 0, autoplaySpeed : 0, navSpeed : 0, dotsSpeed : 0, loop : true, nav : false, navText : ['',''], dots : false, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 'page', mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3943').css('visibility', 'visible'); sa_resize_slider_3943(); window.addEventListener('resize', sa_resize_slider_3943); function sa_resize_slider_3943() { var min_height = '10'; var win_width = jQuery(window).width(); var slider_width = jQuery('#slider_3943').width(); if (win_width < 480) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 768) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1;
Mary Fogle-Loveland | Coal Miner's Daughter On episode 7 of the podcast we talk with Mary Fogle-Loveland of Cheswick, Pennsylvania about growing up in a coal mining family in the Allegheny River Valley, featuring the voices of Joe and Lucy Fogle. This episode was recorded March 11, 2017 at the Allegheny-Kiski Valley Historical Society and Museum, Tarentum, Pa. Audiography: Kevin Farkas, Eric Rood. Music (available on Soundcloud.com): Oceans Violins (“Ima Dreamer”), Alexander White (What We Saw”), Woody McKenzie (“FiveStepsDownharmony”). Other sound: Fogle Family Life Story (Oral history interview by Kevin Farkas/TSVP, 2012). ©2017 Alle-Kiski Chronicle Podcast/TSVP. All rights reserved. OTHER WAYS TO FIND THE PODCAST jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3067').owlCarousel({ responsive:{ 0:{ items:1 }, 480:{ items:2 }, 768:{ items:3 }, 980:{ items:4 }, 1200:{ items:4 }, 1500:{ items:4 } }, autoplay : true, autoplayTimeout : 3000, autoplayHoverPause : true, smartSpeed : 400, fluidSpeed : 400, autoplaySpeed : 400, navSpeed : 400, dotsSpeed : 400, loop : true, nav : true, navText : ['',''], dots : true, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 1, mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3067').css('visibility', 'visible'); sa_resize_slider_3067(); window.addEventListener('resize', sa_resize_slider_3067); function sa_resize_slider_3067() { var min_height = '50'; var win_width = jQuery(window).width(); var slider_width = jQuery('#slider_3067').width(); if (win_width < 480) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 768) { var slide_width = slider_width / 2; } else if (win_width < 980) { var slide_width = slider_width / 3; } else if (win_width < 1200) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else if (win_width < 1500) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } slide_width = Math.round(slide_width); var slide_height = '0'; if (min_height == 'aspect43') { slide_height = (slide_width / 4) * 3; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else if (min_height == 'aspect169') { slide_height = (slide_width / 16) * 9; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else { slide_height = (slide_width / 100) * min_height; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } jQuery('#slider_3067 .owl-item .sa_hover_container').css('min-height', slide_height+'px'); } }); SUPPORT LOCAL HISTORY Let’s keep local history alive for future generations! If you like our podcast, please help us continue this great educational program--for today and tomorrow. Show your support by making a financial donation, underwriting the podcast, or advertising your business or service on the show. jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3943').owlCarousel({ items : 1, smartSpeed : 0, autoplay : false, autoplayHoverPause : false, smartSpeed : 0, fluidSpeed : 0, autoplaySpeed : 0, navSpeed : 0, dotsSpeed : 0, loop : true, nav : false, navText : ['',''], dots : false, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 'page', mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3943').css('visibility', 'visible'); sa_resize_slider_3943(); window.addEventListener('resize', sa_resize_slider_3943); function sa_resize_slider_3943() { var min_height = '10'; var win_width = jQuery(window).width(); var slider_width = jQuery('#slider_3943').width(); if (win_width < 480) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 768) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 980) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1;
Eric Rood | Veteran Aviator Oral Histories On Episode 37 of Veteran Voices: The Oral History Podcast, we talk about recording veterans oral histories in the world of aviation with Eric Rood of the Experimental Aircraft Association's Timeless Voices of Aviation project. Eric Rood of Columbus, Ohio has been capturing, preserving, and sharing veterans’ stories since 2006. In addition to recording locally, each year Eric travels to the Experimental Aviation Association’s annual convention in Oshkosh, Wisconsin to interview veteran aviators—on the fly, so to speak. Being at Oshkosh working with EAA's Timeless Voices of Aviation project is a wonderful experience for any oral historian or aviation enthusiast (Eric is a pilot, himself), but it is a technical challenge to record so many interviews in such a short period of time. But, he admits, preserving these stories is our obligation to history and a tribute to our veterans' service—especially our WWII veterans. Producer's Note: Nick Grimes is the host of Longest War: The Post-9/11 Veterans Podcast and a combat Army veteran of Afghanistan. This episode was recorded at the Allegheny-Kiski Valley Historical Society and Heritage Museum in Tarentum, Pennsylvania. It is a production of The Social Voice Podcast Network. Host: Kevin Farkas. Audiography: Kevin Farkas. Music (available on Soundcloud.com): John892 (“Despair”) Abbey Fiddler (“Hatchet D”), Zippo for Wisdom ("Japanese Gal Riddim"). ©Veteran Voices: The Oral History Podcast/The Social Voice Project, Inc. All rights reserved. OTHER WAYS TO FIND THE PODCAST jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3642').owlCarousel({ responsive:{ 0:{ items:1 }, 480:{ items:2 }, 768:{ items:3 }, 980:{ items:4 }, 1200:{ items:4 }, 1500:{ items:4 } }, autoplay : true, autoplayTimeout : 5000, autoplayHoverPause : true, smartSpeed : 200, fluidSpeed : 200, autoplaySpeed : 200, navSpeed : 200, dotsSpeed : 200, loop : true, nav : true, navText : ['',''], dots : true, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 1, mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3642').css('visibility', 'visible'); sa_resize_slider_3642(); window.addEventListener('resize', sa_resize_slider_3642); function sa_resize_slider_3642() { var min_height = '50'; var win_width = jQuery(window).width(); var slider_width = jQuery('#slider_3642').width(); if (win_width < 480) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 768) { var slide_width = slider_width / 2; } else if (win_width < 980) { var slide_width = slider_width / 3; } else if (win_width < 1200) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else if (win_width < 1500) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } slide_width = Math.round(slide_width); var slide_height = '0'; if (min_height == 'aspect43') { slide_height = (slide_width / 4) * 3; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else if (min_height == 'aspect169') { slide_height = (slide_width / 16) * 9; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else { slide_height = (slide_width / 100) * min_height; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } jQuery('#slider_3642 .owl-item .sa_hover_container').css('min-height', slide_height+'px'); } }); SUPPORT LOCAL HISTORY Let’s keep local history alive for future generations! If you like our podcast, please help us continue this great educational program--for today and tomorrow. Show your support by making a financial donation, underwriting the podcast, or advertising your business or service on the show. jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3943').owlCarousel({ items : 1, smartSpeed : 0, autoplay : false,
Andrew Madeyski | Polish Immigrant On episode 6 of the podcast, we present our first community member profile, featuring 96 year old Andrew Madeyski of Natrona Heights, Pennsylvania--Polish immigrant and veteran of the Warsaw Uprising. This episode was recorded March 11, 2017 at the Allegheny-Kiski Valley Historical Society and Museum, Tarentum, Pa. Audiography: Kevin Farkas, Eric Rood. Music (available on SoundCloud.com): Siren (“Let You Know”), Alexander White (“What We Saw”), Weeks (“Shoreline”). Other sounds: WW II Polish partisan song (“Rozszumiały się wierzby płaczące.) ©2017 Alle-Kiski Chronicle Podcast/TSVP. All rights reserved. OTHER WAYS TO FIND THE PODCAST jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3067').owlCarousel({ responsive:{ 0:{ items:1 }, 480:{ items:2 }, 768:{ items:3 }, 980:{ items:4 }, 1200:{ items:4 }, 1500:{ items:4 } }, autoplay : true, autoplayTimeout : 3000, autoplayHoverPause : true, smartSpeed : 400, fluidSpeed : 400, autoplaySpeed : 400, navSpeed : 400, dotsSpeed : 400, loop : true, nav : true, navText : ['',''], dots : true, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 1, mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3067').css('visibility', 'visible'); sa_resize_slider_3067(); window.addEventListener('resize', sa_resize_slider_3067); function sa_resize_slider_3067() { var min_height = '50'; var win_width = jQuery(window).width(); var slider_width = jQuery('#slider_3067').width(); if (win_width < 480) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 768) { var slide_width = slider_width / 2; } else if (win_width < 980) { var slide_width = slider_width / 3; } else if (win_width < 1200) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else if (win_width < 1500) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } slide_width = Math.round(slide_width); var slide_height = '0'; if (min_height == 'aspect43') { slide_height = (slide_width / 4) * 3; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else if (min_height == 'aspect169') { slide_height = (slide_width / 16) * 9; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else { slide_height = (slide_width / 100) * min_height; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } jQuery('#slider_3067 .owl-item .sa_hover_container').css('min-height', slide_height+'px'); } }); SUPPORT LOCAL HISTORY Let’s keep local history alive for future generations! If you like our podcast, please help us continue this great educational program--for today and tomorrow. Show your support by making a financial donation, underwriting the podcast, or advertising your business or service on the show. jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3943').owlCarousel({ items : 1, smartSpeed : 0, autoplay : false, autoplayHoverPause : false, smartSpeed : 0, fluidSpeed : 0, autoplaySpeed : 0, navSpeed : 0, dotsSpeed : 0, loop : true, nav : false, navText : ['',''], dots : false, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 'page', mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3943').css('visibility', 'visible'); sa_resize_slider_3943(); window.addEventListener('resize', sa_resize_slider_3943); function sa_resize_slider_3943() { var min_height = '10'; var win_width = jQuery(window).width(); var slider_width = jQuery('#slider_3943').width(); if (win_width < 480) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 768) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 980) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 1200) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1;
Kevin Farkas | Veteran Voices of Pittsburgh Oral History Initiative On episode 5 of the podcast, curator Jamie Stoner of the Allegheny-Kiski Valley Historical Society and Heritage Museum talks with Kevin Farkas, founder and executive producer of the Veteran Voices of Pittsburgh Oral History Initiative–a nonprofit educational organization whose mission is to capture, preserve, and share the stories of veterans with a Western Pennsylvania connection. This episode was recorded August 13, 2016 in Tarentum, Pennsylvania. Host: Jamie Stoner. Guest: Kevin Farkas, Veteran Voices of Pittsburgh Oral History Initiative. Audiography: Kevin Farkas, Bryan Chemini. Music: Siren (“Let You Know”), Shoreline (“Weeks”), Alexander White (“What We Saw”), Metaphonique (“Mahanoro”) available at Soundcloud.com. ©2017 Alle-Kiski Chronicle Podcast/TSVP. All rights reserved. OTHER WAYS TO FIND THE PODCAST jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3067').owlCarousel({ responsive:{ 0:{ items:1 }, 480:{ items:2 }, 768:{ items:3 }, 980:{ items:4 }, 1200:{ items:4 }, 1500:{ items:4 } }, autoplay : true, autoplayTimeout : 3000, autoplayHoverPause : true, smartSpeed : 400, fluidSpeed : 400, autoplaySpeed : 400, navSpeed : 400, dotsSpeed : 400, loop : true, nav : true, navText : ['',''], dots : true, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 1, mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3067').css('visibility', 'visible'); sa_resize_slider_3067(); window.addEventListener('resize', sa_resize_slider_3067); function sa_resize_slider_3067() { var min_height = '50'; var win_width = jQuery(window).width(); var slider_width = jQuery('#slider_3067').width(); if (win_width < 480) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 768) { var slide_width = slider_width / 2; } else if (win_width < 980) { var slide_width = slider_width / 3; } else if (win_width < 1200) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else if (win_width < 1500) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } slide_width = Math.round(slide_width); var slide_height = '0'; if (min_height == 'aspect43') { slide_height = (slide_width / 4) * 3; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else if (min_height == 'aspect169') { slide_height = (slide_width / 16) * 9; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else { slide_height = (slide_width / 100) * min_height; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } jQuery('#slider_3067 .owl-item .sa_hover_container').css('min-height', slide_height+'px'); } }); SUPPORT LOCAL HISTORY Let’s keep local history alive for future generations! If you like our podcast, please help us continue this great educational program--for today and tomorrow. Show your support by making a financial donation, underwriting the podcast, or advertising your business or service on the show. jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3943').owlCarousel({ items : 1, smartSpeed : 0, autoplay : false, autoplayHoverPause : false, smartSpeed : 0, fluidSpeed : 0, autoplaySpeed : 0, navSpeed : 0, dotsSpeed : 0, loop : true, nav : false, navText : ['',''], dots : false, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 'page', mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3943').css('visibility', 'visible'); sa_resize_slider_3943(); window.addEventListener('resize', sa_resize_slider_3943); function sa_resize_slider_3943() { var min_height = '10'; var win_width = jQuery(window).width(); var slider_width = jQuery('#slider_3943').width(); if (win_width < 480) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1;
Jack Devando and Nick Mottillo | Tour-Ed Coal Mine and Museum On episode 4 of the podcast, curator Jamie Stoner of the Allegheny-Kiski Valley Historical Society and Heritage Museum talks with Jack Devando and Nick Mottillo, former coal miners turned public historians and tour guides at Tour-Ed Coal Mine and Museum in Tarentum, Pennsylvania. Present-day Tour-Ed Mine began as early as 1850, feeding coal to the region’s iron and steel industries. In the 1970s, mine owner Ira Wood closed the mine and devoted its existence to local industrial history education. Since the mine became an interactive museum, it has accommodated more than a million visitors. This episode was recorded August 13, 2016 in Tarentum, Pennsylvania. Host: Jamie Stoner. Guest: Jack DeVando, Nick Melito. Audiography: Kevin Farkas, Bryan Chemini. Music: Siren (“Let You Know”), Shoreline (“Weeks”), Alexander White (“What We Saw”), Aleksey Chistilin (“Sunday”), Walker Winn (“I Am A Pilgrim”) available at Soundcloud.com. Other sound: Roadtrippers.com (“At the Tour-Ed Coal Mine Museum you'll descend half a mile underground”), available on YouTube.com. ©2017 Alle-Kiski Chronicle Podcast/TSVP. All rights reserved. OTHER WAYS TO FIND THE PODCAST jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3067').owlCarousel({ responsive:{ 0:{ items:1 }, 480:{ items:2 }, 768:{ items:3 }, 980:{ items:4 }, 1200:{ items:4 }, 1500:{ items:4 } }, autoplay : true, autoplayTimeout : 3000, autoplayHoverPause : true, smartSpeed : 400, fluidSpeed : 400, autoplaySpeed : 400, navSpeed : 400, dotsSpeed : 400, loop : true, nav : true, navText : ['',''], dots : true, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 1, mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3067').css('visibility', 'visible'); sa_resize_slider_3067(); window.addEventListener('resize', sa_resize_slider_3067); function sa_resize_slider_3067() { var min_height = '50'; var win_width = jQuery(window).width(); var slider_width = jQuery('#slider_3067').width(); if (win_width < 480) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 768) { var slide_width = slider_width / 2; } else if (win_width < 980) { var slide_width = slider_width / 3; } else if (win_width < 1200) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else if (win_width < 1500) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } slide_width = Math.round(slide_width); var slide_height = '0'; if (min_height == 'aspect43') { slide_height = (slide_width / 4) * 3; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else if (min_height == 'aspect169') { slide_height = (slide_width / 16) * 9; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else { slide_height = (slide_width / 100) * min_height; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } jQuery('#slider_3067 .owl-item .sa_hover_container').css('min-height', slide_height+'px'); } }); SUPPORT LOCAL HISTORY Let’s keep local history alive for future generations! If you like our podcast, please help us continue this great educational program--for today and tomorrow. Show your support by making a financial donation, underwriting the podcast, or advertising your business or service on the show. jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3943').owlCarousel({ items : 1, smartSpeed : 0, autoplay : false, autoplayHoverPause : false, smartSpeed : 0, fluidSpeed : 0, autoplaySpeed : 0, navSpeed : 0, dotsSpeed : 0, loop : true, nav : false, navText : ['',''], dots : false, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 'page', mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3943').css('visibility',
Richard Jones | Letters Home from WWII On episode 3 of the podcast, curator Jamie Stoner of the Allegheny-Kiski Valley Historical Society and Heritage Museum talks with Richard Jones of State College, Pennsylvania. Richard recently donated a collection of war-time letters written by his father, Richard E. Jones, who served with the Army's 29th Infantry Division in Europe. This episode was recorded July 9, 2016 at the Allegheny-Kiski Valley Historical Society and Heritage Museum, Tarentum, Pennsylvania. Host: Jamie Stoner. Guest: Richard Jones. Audiography: Kevin Farkas, Bryan Chemini. Music: Siren (“Let You Know”), Shoreline (“Weeks”), Alexander White (“What We Saw”), Aleksey Chistilin (“Sunday”) available at Soundcloud.com. ©2017 Alle-Kiski Chronicle Podcast/TSVP. All rights reserved. OTHER WAYS TO FIND THE PODCAST jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3067').owlCarousel({ responsive:{ 0:{ items:1 }, 480:{ items:2 }, 768:{ items:3 }, 980:{ items:4 }, 1200:{ items:4 }, 1500:{ items:4 } }, autoplay : true, autoplayTimeout : 3000, autoplayHoverPause : true, smartSpeed : 400, fluidSpeed : 400, autoplaySpeed : 400, navSpeed : 400, dotsSpeed : 400, loop : true, nav : true, navText : ['',''], dots : true, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 1, mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3067').css('visibility', 'visible'); sa_resize_slider_3067(); window.addEventListener('resize', sa_resize_slider_3067); function sa_resize_slider_3067() { var min_height = '50'; var win_width = jQuery(window).width(); var slider_width = jQuery('#slider_3067').width(); if (win_width < 480) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 768) { var slide_width = slider_width / 2; } else if (win_width < 980) { var slide_width = slider_width / 3; } else if (win_width < 1200) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else if (win_width < 1500) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } slide_width = Math.round(slide_width); var slide_height = '0'; if (min_height == 'aspect43') { slide_height = (slide_width / 4) * 3; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else if (min_height == 'aspect169') { slide_height = (slide_width / 16) * 9; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else { slide_height = (slide_width / 100) * min_height; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } jQuery('#slider_3067 .owl-item .sa_hover_container').css('min-height', slide_height+'px'); } }); SUPPORT LOCAL HISTORY Let’s keep local history alive for future generations! If you like our podcast, please help us continue this great educational program--for today and tomorrow. Show your support by making a financial donation, underwriting the podcast, or advertising your business or service on the show. jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3943').owlCarousel({ items : 1, smartSpeed : 0, autoplay : false, autoplayHoverPause : false, smartSpeed : 0, fluidSpeed : 0, autoplaySpeed : 0, navSpeed : 0, dotsSpeed : 0, loop : true, nav : false, navText : ['',''], dots : false, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 'page', mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3943').css('visibility', 'visible'); sa_resize_slider_3943(); window.addEventListener('resize', sa_resize_slider_3943); function sa_resize_slider_3943() { var min_height = '10'; var win_width = jQuery(window).width(); var slider_width = jQuery('#slider_3943').width(); if (win_width < 480) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 768) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1;
Jamie Stoner | Washing, Sewing, and Listening Machines On episode 2 of the podcast, Allegheny-Kiski Valley Historical Society and Heritage Museum head volunteer Sean Isaacs talks with curator Jamie Stoner about a new permanent exhibit featuring historic home appliances such as washing machines, sewing machines, radios, and phonographs. This episode was recorded May 14, 2016, Tarentum, Pennsylvania. Host: Sean Isaacs. Guest: Jamie Stoner. Audiography: Kevin Farkas, Bryan Chemini. Music: Siren (“Let You Know”), Shoreline (“Weeks”), Alexander White (“What We Saw”) available at Soundcloud.com. ©2017 Alle-Kiski Chronicle Podcast/TSVP. All rights reserved. OTHER WAYS TO FIND THE PODCAST jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3067').owlCarousel({ responsive:{ 0:{ items:1 }, 480:{ items:2 }, 768:{ items:3 }, 980:{ items:4 }, 1200:{ items:4 }, 1500:{ items:4 } }, autoplay : true, autoplayTimeout : 3000, autoplayHoverPause : true, smartSpeed : 400, fluidSpeed : 400, autoplaySpeed : 400, navSpeed : 400, dotsSpeed : 400, loop : true, nav : true, navText : ['',''], dots : true, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 1, mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3067').css('visibility', 'visible'); sa_resize_slider_3067(); window.addEventListener('resize', sa_resize_slider_3067); function sa_resize_slider_3067() { var min_height = '50'; var win_width = jQuery(window).width(); var slider_width = jQuery('#slider_3067').width(); if (win_width < 480) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 768) { var slide_width = slider_width / 2; } else if (win_width < 980) { var slide_width = slider_width / 3; } else if (win_width < 1200) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else if (win_width < 1500) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } slide_width = Math.round(slide_width); var slide_height = '0'; if (min_height == 'aspect43') { slide_height = (slide_width / 4) * 3; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else if (min_height == 'aspect169') { slide_height = (slide_width / 16) * 9; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else { slide_height = (slide_width / 100) * min_height; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } jQuery('#slider_3067 .owl-item .sa_hover_container').css('min-height', slide_height+'px'); } }); SUPPORT LOCAL HISTORY Let’s keep local history alive for future generations! If you like our podcast, please help us continue this great educational program--for today and tomorrow. Show your support by making a financial donation, underwriting the podcast, or advertising your business or service on the show. jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3943').owlCarousel({ items : 1, smartSpeed : 0, autoplay : false, autoplayHoverPause : false, smartSpeed : 0, fluidSpeed : 0, autoplaySpeed : 0, navSpeed : 0, dotsSpeed : 0, loop : true, nav : false, navText : ['',''], dots : false, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 'page', mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3943').css('visibility', 'visible'); sa_resize_slider_3943(); window.addEventListener('resize', sa_resize_slider_3943); function sa_resize_slider_3943() { var min_height = '10'; var win_width = jQuery(window).width(); var slider_width = jQuery('#slider_3943').width(); if (win_width < 480) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 768) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 980) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 1200) {
Bruna Riccobon | Memoirs of a Refugee Girl WWII came to northeastern Italy and the coastal city of Trieste long before the Germans did. As early as 1940 Fascist Italian rulers were eliminating nationalist and anti-Fascist Italians and Slovenes, imprisoning and killing thousands. As Trieste resistance fighters became active in 1943, German troops were being stationed in the region and ruling the newly formed Italian Social Republic from behind the scenes. By 1944 near Trieste, the Germans had built the only concentration camp (with crematorium) in Italy. Its effects were devastating, killing more than 3,000 Jews, Slovenes, and Italians. When she was a young girl, Bruna Riccobon’s family endured Trieste’s brutal Nazi occupation and subjugation of civilians. However, by 1945 as the Allies gained ground in Italy and forced the Germans to retreat northward, the Yugoslavians moved in on Trieste and liberated the region in the name of communism. The heavy-handed Yugoslavians used their own concentration camps and execution program to punish Fascist and German collaborators, but they also began to purge hundreds of local nationalist and anti-communist Italians. The Riccobon family, having survived the Nazis, where then forced to endure the Tito Communists until the Allies gained full control over the region. On episode 1 of the podcast, Allegheny-Kiski Valley Historical Society and Heritage Museum curator Jamie Stoner talks with Pittsburgh author Bruna Riccobon about her latest book, Memoirs of a Refugee Girl—a story of a girl during WWII in a part of Italy that later fell under communist regime, her years spent in refugee camps and immigration to America, and her struggles to adjust to a new culture and growth into adulthood. This episode was recorded April 23, 2016, Tarentum, Pennsylvania. Host: Jamie Stoner. Guest: Bruna Riccobon. Audiography: Kevin Farkas, Bryan Chemini. Music: Siren ("Let You Know"), Shoreline ("Weeks"), Alexander White ("What We Saw") available at Soundcloud.com. ©2017 Alle-Kiski Chronicle Podast/TSVP. All rights reserved. OTHER WAYS TO FIND THE PODCAST jQuery(document).ready(function() { jQuery('#slider_3067').owlCarousel({ responsive:{ 0:{ items:1 }, 480:{ items:2 }, 768:{ items:3 }, 980:{ items:4 }, 1200:{ items:4 }, 1500:{ items:4 } }, autoplay : true, autoplayTimeout : 3000, autoplayHoverPause : true, smartSpeed : 400, fluidSpeed : 400, autoplaySpeed : 400, navSpeed : 400, dotsSpeed : 400, loop : true, nav : true, navText : ['',''], dots : true, responsiveRefreshRate : 200, slideBy : 1, mergeFit : true, autoHeight : false, mouseDrag : true, touchDrag : true }); jQuery('#slider_3067').css('visibility', 'visible'); sa_resize_slider_3067(); window.addEventListener('resize', sa_resize_slider_3067); function sa_resize_slider_3067() { var min_height = '50'; var win_width = jQuery(window).width(); var slider_width = jQuery('#slider_3067').width(); if (win_width < 480) { var slide_width = slider_width / 1; } else if (win_width < 768) { var slide_width = slider_width / 2; } else if (win_width < 980) { var slide_width = slider_width / 3; } else if (win_width < 1200) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else if (win_width < 1500) { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } else { var slide_width = slider_width / 4; } slide_width = Math.round(slide_width); var slide_height = '0'; if (min_height == 'aspect43') { slide_height = (slide_width / 4) * 3; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else if (min_height == 'aspect169') { slide_height = (slide_width / 16) * 9; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } else { slide_height = (slide_width / 100) * min_height; slide_height = Math.round(slide_height); } jQuery('#slider_3067 .owl-item .sa_hover_container').css('min-height',
This week we have a jam-packed episode. Fabius takes Tarentum, we have the consular elections of 208, the death of Marcellus and, most importantly, we examine just why Manchester City need to make sure that James Milner signs a new contract.
This week we bring the narrative into 209, looking at the eventful election of Fabius and Fulvius to the consulship and the three day battle of Canusium. Also features a tangent on Narnia.
This week we finally return to Italy. We recap just where we were in the narrative in 211, look at the consular elections for 210, the siege of Tarentum and the battle for Salapia.
This week we follow a series of battles throughout 212, some won by Carthaginians, others by Romans. The real development is that the Romans begin working on the capture of Capua. Also featuring the death of a beloved character and Back to the Future.
This week we follow Hannibal's attempts to take Tarentum, where something finally goes right for Hannibal, in addition to troublesome tax-farmers. We also have some programming notices discussing the episode length, a Fantasy Football League and the Daily Telegraph.
This week we follow Hannibal's attempts to take Tarentum, taking the story into 212. Also included is a plug for new show Talking History Podcast: The Italian Unification and the podcast's first cricket reference.
The Return from Rome (1468.1) 133:0.1 WHEN preparing to leave Rome, Jesus said good-bye to none of his friends. The scribe of Damascus appeared in Rome without announcement and disappeared in like manner. It was a full year before those who knew and loved him gave up hope of seeing him again. Before the end of the second year small groups of those who had known him found themselves drawn together by their common interest in his teachings and through mutual memory of their good times with him. And these small groups of Stoics, Cynics, and mystery cultists continued to hold these irregular and informal meetings right up to the time of the appearance in Rome of the first preachers of the Christian religion. (1468.2) 133:0.2 Gonod and Ganid had purchased so many things in Alexandria and Rome that they sent all their belongings on ahead by pack train to Tarentum, while the three travelers walked leisurely across Italy over the great Appian Way. On this journey they encountered all sorts of human beings. Many noble Roman citizens and Greek colonists lived along this road, but already the progeny of great numbers of inferior slaves were beginning to make their appearance. (1468.3) 133:0.3 One day while resting at lunch, about halfway to Tarentum, Ganid asked Jesus a direct question as to what he thought of India’s caste system. Said Jesus: “Though human beings differ in many ways, the one from another, before God and in the spiritual world all mortals stand on an equal footing. There are only two groups of mortals in the eyes of God: those who desire to do his will and those who do not. As the universe looks upon an inhabited world, it likewise discerns two great classes: those who know God and those who do not. Those who cannot know God are reckoned among the animals of any given realm. Mankind can appropriately be divided into many classes in accordance with differing qualifications, as they may be viewed physically, mentally, socially, vocationally, or morally, but as these different classes of mortals appear before the judgment bar of God, they stand on an equal footing; God is truly no respecter of persons. Although you cannot escape the recognition of differential human abilities and endowments in matters intellectual, social, and moral, you should make no such distinctions in the spiritual brotherhood of men when assembled for worship in the presence of God.” 1. Mercy and Justice (1468.4) 133:1.1 A very interesting incident occurred one afternoon by the roadside as they neared Tarentum. They observed a rough and bullying youth brutally attacking a smaller lad. Jesus hastened to the assistance of the assaulted youth, and when he had rescued him, he tightly held on to the offender until the smaller lad had made his escape. The moment Jesus released the little bully, Ganid pounced upon the boy and began soundly to thrash him, and to Ganid’s astonishment Jesus promptly interfered. After he had restrained Ganid and permitted the frightened boy to escape, the young man, as soon as he got his breath, excitedly exclaimed: “I cannot understand you, Teacher. If mercy requires that you rescue the smaller lad, does not justice demand the punishment of the larger and offending youth?” In answering, Jesus said: (1469.1) 133:1.2 “Ganid, it is true, you do not understand. Mercy ministry is always the work of the individual, but justice punishment is the function of the social, governmental, or universe administrative groups. As an individual I am beholden to show mercy; I must go to the rescue of the assaulted lad, and in all consistency I may employ sufficient force to restrain the aggressor. And that is just what I did. I achieved the deliverance of the assaulted lad; that was the end of mercy ministry. Then I forcibly detained the aggressor a sufficient length of time to enable the weaker party to the dispute to make his escape, after which I withdrew from the affair. I did not proceed to sit in judgment on the aggressor, thus to pass upon his motive — to adjudicate all that entered into his attack upon his fellow — and then undertake to execute the punishment which my mind might dictate as just recompense for his wrongdoing. Ganid, mercy may be lavish, but justice is precise. Cannot you discern that no two persons are likely to agree as to the punishment which would satisfy the demands of justice? One would impose forty lashes, another twenty, while still another would advise solitary confinement as a just punishment. Can you not see that on this world such responsibilities had better rest upon the group or be administered by chosen representatives of the group? In the universe, judgment is vested in those who fully know the antecedents of all wrongdoing as well as its motivation. In civilized society and in an organized universe the administration of justice presupposes the passing of just sentence consequent upon fair judgment, and such prerogatives are vested in the juridical groups of the worlds and in the all-knowing administrators of the higher universes of all creation.” (1469.2) 133:1.3 For days they talked about this problem of manifesting mercy and administering justice. And Ganid, at least to some extent, understood why Jesus would not engage in personal combat. But Ganid asked one last question, to which he never received a fully satisfactory answer; and that question was: “But, Teacher, if a stronger and ill-tempered creature should attack you and threaten to destroy you, what would you do? Would you make no effort to defend yourself?” Although Jesus could not fully and satisfactorily answer the lad’s question, inasmuch as he was not willing to disclose to him that he (Jesus) was living on earth as the exemplification of the Paradise Father’s love to an onlooking universe, he did say this much: (1469.3) 133:1.4 “Ganid, I can well understand how some of these problems perplex you, and I will endeavor to answer your question. First, in all attacks which might be made upon my person, I would determine whether or not the aggressor was a son of God — my brother in the flesh — and if I thought such a creature did not possess moral judgment and spiritual reason, I would unhesitatingly defend myself to the full capacity of my powers of resistance, regardless of consequences to the attacker. But I would not thus assault a fellow man of sonship status, even in self-defense. That is, I would not punish him in advance and without judgment for his assault upon me. I would by every possible artifice seek to prevent and dissuade him from making such an attack and to mitigate it in case of my failure to abort it. Ganid, I have absolute confidence in my heavenly Father’s overcare; I am consecrated to doing the will of my Father in heaven. I do not believe that real harm can befall me; I do not believe that my lifework can really be jeopardized by anything my enemies might wish to visit upon me, and surely we have no violence to fear from our friends. I am absolutely assured that the entire universe is friendly to me — this all-powerful truth I insist on believing with a wholehearted trust in spite of all appearances to the contrary.” (1470.1) 133:1.5 But Ganid was not fully satisfied. Many times they talked over these matters, and Jesus told him some of his boyhood experiences and also about Jacob the stone mason’s son. On learning how Jacob appointed himself to defend Jesus, Ganid said: “Oh, I begin to see! In the first place very seldom would any normal human being want to attack such a kindly person as you, and even if anyone should be so unthinking as to do such a thing, there is pretty sure to be near at hand some other mortal who will fly to your assistance, even as you always go to the rescue of any person you observe to be in distress. In my heart, Teacher, I agree with you, but in my head I still think that if I had been Jacob, I would have enjoyed punishing those rude fellows who presumed to attack you just because they thought you would not defend yourself. I presume you are fairly safe in your journey through life since you spend much of your time helping others and ministering to your fellows in distress — well, most likely there’ll always be someone on hand to defend you.” And Jesus replied: “That test has not yet come, Ganid, and when it does, we will have to abide by the Father’s will.” And that was about all the lad could get his teacher to say on this difficult subject of self-defense and nonresistance. On another occasion he did draw from Jesus the opinion that organized society had every right to employ force in the execution of its just mandates.* 2. Embarking at Tarentum (1470.2) 133:2.1 While tarrying at the ship landing, waiting for the boat to unload cargo, the travelers observed a man mistreating his wife. As was his custom, Jesus intervened in behalf of the person subjected to attack. He stepped up behind the irate husband and, tapping him gently on the shoulder, said: “My friend, may I speak with you in private for a moment?” The angry man was nonplused by such an approach and, after a moment of embarrassing hesitation, stammered out — “er — why — yes, what do you want with me?” When Jesus had led him to one side, he said: “My friend, I perceive that something terrible must have happened to you; I very much desire that you tell me what could happen to such a strong man to lead him to attack his wife, the mother of his children, and that right out here before all eyes. I am sure you must feel that you have some good reason for this assault. What did the woman do to deserve such treatment from her husband? As I look upon you, I think I discern in your face the love of justice if not the desire to show mercy. I venture to say that, if you found me out by the wayside, attacked by robbers, you would unhesitatingly rush to my rescue. I dare say you have done many such brave things in the course of your life. Now, my friend, tell me what is the matter? Did the woman do something wrong, or did you foolishly lose your head and thoughtlessly assault her?” It was not so much what he said that touched this man’s heart as the kindly look and the sympathetic smile which Jesus bestowed upon him at the conclusion of his remarks. Said the man: “I perceive you are a priest of the Cynics, and I am thankful you restrained me. My wife has done no great wrong; she is a good woman, but she irritates me by the manner in which she picks on me in public, and I lose my temper. I am sorry for my lack of self-control, and I promise to try to live up to my former pledge to one of your brothers who taught me the better way many years ago. I promise you.” (1471.1) 133:2.2 And then, in bidding him farewell, Jesus said: “My brother, always remember that man has no rightful authority over woman unless the woman has willingly and voluntarily given him such authority. Your wife has engaged to go through life with you, to help you fight its battles, and to assume the far greater share of the burden of bearing and rearing your children; and in return for this special service it is only fair that she receive from you that special protection which man can give to woman as the partner who must carry, bear, and nurture the children. The loving care and consideration which a man is willing to bestow upon his wife and their children are the measure of that man’s attainment of the higher levels of creative and spiritual self-consciousness. Do you not know that men and women are partners with God in that they co-operate to create beings who grow up to possess themselves of the potential of immortal souls? The Father in heaven treats the Spirit Mother of the children of the universe as one equal to himself. It is Godlike to share your life and all that relates thereto on equal terms with the mother partner who so fully shares with you that divine experience of reproducing yourselves in the lives of your children. If you can only love your children as God loves you, you will love and cherish your wife as the Father in heaven honors and exalts the Infinite Spirit, the mother of all the spirit children of a vast universe.” (1471.2) 133:2.3 As they went on board the boat, they looked back upon the scene of the teary-eyed couple standing in silent embrace. Having heard the latter half of Jesus’ message to the man, Gonod was all day occupied with meditations thereon, and he resolved to reorganize his home when he returned to India. (1471.3) 133:2.4 The journey to Nicopolis was pleasant but slow as the wind was not favorable. The three spent many hours recounting their experiences in Rome and reminiscing about all that had happened to them since they first met in Jerusalem. Ganid was becoming imbued with the spirit of personal ministry. He began work on the steward of the ship, but on the second day, when he got into deep religious water, he called on Joshua to help him out. (1471.4) 133:2.5 They spent several days at Nicopolis, the city which Augustus had founded some fifty years before as the “city of victory” in commemoration of the battle of Actium, this site being the land whereon he camped with his army before the battle. They lodged in the home of one Jeramy, a Greek proselyte of the Jewish faith, whom they had met on shipboard. The Apostle Paul spent all winter with the son of Jeramy in the same house in the course of his third missionary journey. From Nicopolis they sailed on the same boat for Corinth, the capital of the Roman province of Achaia. 3. At Corinth (1471.5) 133:3.1 By the time they reached Corinth, Ganid was becoming very much interested in the Jewish religion, and so it was not strange that, one day as they passed the synagogue and saw the people going in, he requested Jesus to take him to the service. That day they heard a learned rabbi discourse on the “Destiny of Israel,” and after the service they met one Crispus, the chief ruler of this synagogue. Many times they went back to the synagogue services, but chiefly to meet Crispus. Ganid grew to be very fond of Crispus, his wife, and their family of five children. He much enjoyed observing how a Jew conducted his family life. (1472.1) 133:3.2 While Ganid studied family life, Jesus was teaching Crispus the better ways of religious living. Jesus held more than twenty sessions with this forward-looking Jew; and it is not surprising, years afterward, when Paul was preaching in this very synagogue, and when the Jews had rejected his message and had voted to forbid his further preaching in the synagogue, and when he then went to the gentiles, that Crispus with his entire family embraced the new religion, and that he became one of the chief supports of the Christian church which Paul subsequently organized at Corinth. (1472.2) 133:3.3 During the eighteen months Paul preached in Corinth, being later joined by Silas and Timothy, he met many others who had been taught by the “Jewish tutor of the son of an Indian merchant.” (1472.3) 133:3.4 At Corinth they met people of every race hailing from three continents. Next to Alexandria and Rome, it was the most cosmopolitan city of the Mediterranean empire. There was much to attract one’s attention in this city, and Ganid never grew weary of visiting the citadel which stood almost two thousand feet above the sea. He also spent a great deal of his spare time about the synagogue and in the home of Crispus. He was at first shocked, and later on charmed, by the status of woman in the Jewish home; it was a revelation to this young Indian. (1472.4) 133:3.5 Jesus and Ganid were often guests in another Jewish home, that of Justus, a devout merchant, who lived alongside the synagogue. And many times, subsequently, when the Apostle Paul sojourned in this home, did he listen to the recounting of these visits with the Indian lad and his Jewish tutor, while both Paul and Justus wondered whatever became of such a wise and brilliant Hebrew teacher. (1472.5) 133:3.6 When in Rome, Ganid observed that Jesus refused to accompany them to the public baths. Several times afterward the young man sought to induce Jesus further to express himself in regard to the relations of the sexes. Though he would answer the lad’s questions, he never seemed disposed to discuss these subjects at great length. One evening as they strolled about Corinth out near where the wall of the citadel ran down to the sea, they were accosted by two public women. Ganid had imbibed the idea, and rightly, that Jesus was a man of high ideals, and that he abhorred everything which partook of uncleanness or savored of evil; accordingly he spoke sharply to these women and rudely motioned them away. When Jesus saw this, he said to Ganid: “You mean well, but you should not presume thus to speak to the children of God, even though they chance to be his erring children. Who are we that we should sit in judgment on these women? Do you happen to know all of the circumstances which led them to resort to such methods of obtaining a livelihood? Stop here with me while we talk about these matters.” The courtesans were astonished at what he said even more than was Ganid. (1472.6) 133:3.7 As they stood there in the moonlight, Jesus went on to say: “There lives within every human mind a divine spirit, the gift of the Father in heaven. This good spirit ever strives to lead us to God, to help us to find God and to know God; but also within mortals there are many natural physical tendencies which the Creator put there to serve the well-being of the individual and the race. Now, oftentimes, men and women become confused in their efforts to understand themselves and to grapple with the manifold difficulties of making a living in a world so largely dominated by selfishness and sin. I perceive, Ganid, that neither of these women is willfully wicked. I can tell by their faces that they have experienced much sorrow; they have suffered much at the hands of an apparently cruel fate; they have not intentionally chosen this sort of life; they have, in discouragement bordering on despair, surrendered to the pressure of the hour and accepted this distasteful means of obtaining a livelihood as the best way out of a situation that to them appeared hopeless. Ganid, some people are really wicked at heart; they deliberately choose to do mean things, but, tell me, as you look into these now tear-stained faces, do you see anything bad or wicked?” And as Jesus paused for his reply, Ganid’s voice choked up as he stammered out his answer: “No, Teacher, I do not. And I apologize for my rudeness to them — I crave their forgiveness.” Then said Jesus: “And I bespeak for them that they have forgiven you as I speak for my Father in heaven that he has forgiven them. Now all of you come with me to a friend’s house where we will seek refreshment and plan for the new and better life ahead.” Up to this time the amazed women had not uttered a word; they looked at each other and silently followed as the men led the way. (1473.1) 133:3.8 Imagine the surprise of Justus’ wife when, at this late hour, Jesus appeared with Ganid and these two strangers, saying: “You will forgive us for coming at this hour, but Ganid and I desire a bite to eat, and we would share it with these our new-found friends, who are also in need of nourishment; and besides all this, we come to you with the thought that you will be interested in counseling with us as to the best way to help these women get a new start in life. They can tell you their story, but I surmise they have had much trouble, and their very presence here in your house testifies how earnestly they crave to know good people, and how willingly they will embrace the opportunity to show all the world — and even the angels of heaven — what brave and noble women they can become.” (1473.2) 133:3.9 When Martha, Justus’ wife, had spread the food on the table, Jesus, taking unexpected leave of them, said: “As it is getting late, and since the young man’s father will be awaiting us, we pray to be excused while we leave you here together — three women — the beloved children of the Most High. And I will pray for your spiritual guidance while you make plans for a new and better life on earth and eternal life in the great beyond.” (1473.3) 133:3.10 Thus did Jesus and Ganid take leave of the women. So far the two courtesans had said nothing; likewise was Ganid speechless. And for a few moments so was Martha, but presently she rose to the occasion and did everything for these strangers that Jesus had hoped for. The elder of these two women died a short time thereafter, with bright hopes of eternal survival, and the younger woman worked at Justus’ place of business and later became a lifelong member of the first Christian church in Corinth. (1473.4) 133:3.11 Several times in the home of Crispus, Jesus and Ganid met one Gaius, who subsequently became a loyal supporter of Paul. During these two months in Corinth they held intimate conversations with scores of worth-while individuals, and as a result of all these apparently casual contacts more than half of the individuals so affected became members of the subsequent Christian community. (1473.5) 133:3.12 When Paul first went to Corinth, he had not intended to make a prolonged visit. But he did not know how well the Jewish tutor had prepared the way for his labors. And further, he discovered that great interest had already been aroused by Aquila and Priscilla, Aquila being one of the Cynics with whom Jesus had come in contact when in Rome. This couple were Jewish refugees from Rome, and they quickly embraced Paul’s teachings. He lived with them and worked with them, for they were also tentmakers. It was because of these circumstances that Paul prolonged his stay in Corinth. 4. Personal Work in Corinth (1474.1) 133:4.1 Jesus and Ganid had many more interesting experiences in Corinth. They had close converse with a great number of persons who greatly profited by the instruction received from Jesus. (1474.2) 133:4.2 The miller he taught about grinding up the grains of truth in the mill of living experience so as to render the difficult things of divine life readily receivable by even the weak and feeble among one’s fellow mortals. Said Jesus: “Give the milk of truth to those who are babes in spiritual perception. In your living and loving ministry serve spiritual food in attractive form and suited to the capacity of receptivity of each of your inquirers.” (1474.3) 133:4.3 To the Roman centurion he said: “Render unto Caesar the things which are Caesar’s and unto God the things which are God’s. The sincere service of God and the loyal service of Caesar do not conflict unless Caesar should presume to arrogate to himself that homage which alone can be claimed by Deity. Loyalty to God, if you should come to know him, would render you all the more loyal and faithful in your devotion to a worthy emperor.” (1474.4) 133:4.4 To the earnest leader of the Mithraic cult he said: “You do well to seek for a religion of eternal salvation, but you err to go in quest of such a glorious truth among man-made mysteries and human philosophies. Know you not that the mystery of eternal salvation dwells within your own soul? Do you not know that the God of heaven has sent his spirit to live within you, and that this spirit will lead all truth-loving and God-serving mortals out of this life and through the portals of death up to the eternal heights of light where God waits to receive his children? And never forget: You who know God are the sons of God if you truly yearn to be like him.” (1474.5) 133:4.5 To the Epicurean teacher he said: “You do well to choose the best and esteem the good, but are you wise when you fail to discern the greater things of mortal life which are embodied in the spirit realms derived from the realization of the presence of God in the human heart? The great thing in all human experience is the realization of knowing the God whose spirit lives within you and seeks to lead you forth on that long and almost endless journey of attaining the personal presence of our common Father, the God of all creation, the Lord of universes.” (1474.6) 133:4.6 To the Greek contractor and builder he said: “My friend, as you build the material structures of men, grow a spiritual character in the similitude of the divine spirit within your soul. Do not let your achievement as a temporal builder outrun your attainment as a spiritual son of the kingdom of heaven. While you build the mansions of time for another, neglect not to secure your title to the mansions of eternity for yourself. Ever remember, there is a city whose foundations are righteousness and truth, and whose builder and maker is God.” (1474.7) 133:4.7 To the Roman judge he said: “As you judge men, remember that you yourself will also some day come to judgment before the bar of the Rulers of a universe. Judge justly, even mercifully, even as you shall some day thus crave merciful consideration at the hands of the Supreme Arbiter. Judge as you would be judged under similar circumstances, thus being guided by the spirit of the law as well as by its letter. And even as you accord justice dominated by fairness in the light of the need of those who are brought before you, so shall you have the right to expect justice tempered by mercy when you sometime stand before the Judge of all the earth.” (1475.1) 133:4.8 To the mistress of the Greek inn he said: “Minister your hospitality as one who entertains the children of the Most High. Elevate the drudgery of your daily toil to the high levels of a fine art through the increasing realization that you minister to God in the persons whom he indwells by his spirit which has descended to live within the hearts of men, thereby seeking to transform their minds and lead their souls to the knowledge of the Paradise Father of all these bestowed gifts of the divine spirit.” (1475.2) 133:4.9 Jesus had many visits with a Chinese merchant. In saying good-bye, he admonished him: “Worship only God, who is your true spirit ancestor. Remember that the Father’s spirit ever lives within you and always points your soul-direction heavenward. If you follow the unconscious leadings of this immortal spirit, you are certain to continue on in the uplifted way of finding God. And when you do attain the Father in heaven, it will be because by seeking him you have become more and more like him. And so farewell, Chang, but only for a season, for we shall meet again in the worlds of light where the Father of spirit souls has provided many delightful stopping-places for those who are Paradise-bound.” (1475.3) 133:4.10 To the traveler from Britain he said: “My brother, I perceive you are seeking for truth, and I suggest that the spirit of the Father of all truth may chance to dwell within you. Did you ever sincerely endeavor to talk with the spirit of your own soul? Such a thing is indeed difficult and seldom yields consciousness of success; but every honest attempt of the material mind to communicate with its indwelling spirit meets with certain success, notwithstanding that the majority of all such magnificent human experiences must long remain as superconscious registrations in the souls of such God-knowing mortals.” (1475.4) 133:4.11 To the runaway lad Jesus said: “Remember, there are two things you cannot run away from — God and yourself. Wherever you may go, you take with you yourself and the spirit of the heavenly Father which lives within your heart. My son, stop trying to deceive yourself; settle down to the courageous practice of facing the facts of life; lay firm hold on the assurances of sonship with God and the certainty of eternal life, as I have instructed you. From this day on purpose to be a real man, a man determined to face life bravely and intelligently.” (1475.5) 133:4.12 To the condemned criminal he said at the last hour: “My brother, you have fallen on evil times. You lost your way; you became entangled in the meshes of crime. From talking to you, I well know you did not plan to do the thing which is about to cost you your temporal life. But you did do this evil, and your fellows have adjudged you guilty; they have determined that you shall die. You or I may not deny the state this right of self-defense in the manner of its own choosing. There seems to be no way of humanly escaping the penalty of your wrongdoing. Your fellows must judge you by what you did, but there is a Judge to whom you may appeal for forgiveness, and who will judge you by your real motives and better intentions. You need not fear to meet the judgment of God if your repentance is genuine and your faith sincere. The fact that your error carries with it the death penalty imposed by man does not prejudice the chance of your soul to obtain justice and enjoy mercy before the heavenly courts.” (1476.1) 133:4.13 Jesus enjoyed many intimate talks with a large number of hungry souls, too many to find a place in this record. The three travelers enjoyed their sojourn in Corinth. Excepting Athens, which was more renowned as an educational center, Corinth was the most important city in Greece during these Roman times, and their two months’ stay in this thriving commercial center afforded opportunity for all three of them to gain much valuable experience. Their sojourn in this city was one of the most interesting of all their stops on the way back from Rome. (1476.2) 133:4.14 Gonod had many interests in Corinth, but finally his business was finished, and they prepared to sail for Athens. They traveled on a small boat which could be carried overland on a land track from one of Corinth’s harbors to the other, a distance of ten miles. 5. At Athens — Discourse on Science (1476.3) 133:5.1 They shortly arrived at the olden center of Greek science and learning, and Ganid was thrilled with the thought of being in Athens, of being in Greece, the cultural center of the onetime Alexandrian empire, which had extended its borders even to his own land of India. There was little business to transact; so Gonod spent most of his time with Jesus and Ganid, visiting the many points of interest and listening to the interesting discussions of the lad and his versatile teacher. (1476.4) 133:5.2 A great university still thrived in Athens, and the trio made frequent visits to its halls of learning. Jesus and Ganid had thoroughly discussed the teachings of Plato when they attended the lectures in the museum at Alexandria. They all enjoyed the art of Greece, examples of which were still to be found here and there about the city. (1476.5) 133:5.3 Both the father and the son greatly enjoyed the discussion on science which Jesus had at their inn one evening with a Greek philosopher. After this pedant had talked for almost three hours, and when he had finished his discourse, Jesus, in terms of modern thought, said: (1476.6) 133:5.4 Scientists may some day measure the energy, or force manifestations, of gravitation, light, and electricity, but these same scientists can never (scientifically) tell you what these universe phenomena are. Science deals with physical-energy activities; religion deals with eternal values. True philosophy grows out of the wisdom which does its best to correlate these quantitative and qualitative observations. There always exists the danger that the purely physical scientist may become afflicted with mathematical pride and statistical egotism, not to mention spiritual blindness. (1476.7) 133:5.5 Logic is valid in the material world, and mathematics is reliable when limited in its application to physical things; but neither is to be regarded as wholly dependable or infallible when applied to life problems. Life embraces phenomena which are not wholly material. Arithmetic says that, if one man could shear a sheep in ten minutes, ten men could shear it in one minute. That is sound mathematics, but it is not true, for the ten men could not so do it; they would get in one another’s way so badly that the work would be greatly delayed. (1477.1) 133:5.6 Mathematics asserts that, if one person stands for a certain unit of intellectual and moral value, ten persons would stand for ten times this value. But in dealing with human personality it would be nearer the truth to say that such a personality association is a sum equal to the square of the number of personalities concerned in the equation rather than the simple arithmetical sum. A social group of human beings in co-ordinated working harmony stands for a force far greater than the simple sum of its parts. (1477.2) 133:5.7 Quantity may be identified as a fact, thus becoming a scientific uniformit
On the Way to Rome (1427.1) 130:0.1 THE tour of the Roman world consumed most of the twenty-eighth and the entire twenty-ninth year of Jesus’ life on earth. Jesus and the two natives from India — Gonod and his son Ganid — left Jerusalem on a Sunday morning, April 26, A.D. 22. They made their journey according to schedule, and Jesus said good-bye to the father and son in the city of Charax on the Persian Gulf on the tenth day of December the following year, A.D. 23. (1427.2) 130:0.2 From Jerusalem they went to Caesarea by way of Joppa. At Caesarea they took a boat for Alexandria. From Alexandria they sailed for Lasea in Crete. From Crete they sailed for Carthage, touching at Cyrene. At Carthage they took a boat for Naples, stopping at Malta, Syracuse, and Messina. From Naples they went to Capua, whence they traveled by the Appian Way to Rome. (1427.3) 130:0.3 After their stay in Rome they went overland to Tarentum, where they set sail for Athens in Greece, stopping at Nicopolis and Corinth. From Athens they went to Ephesus by way of Troas. From Ephesus they sailed for Cyprus, putting in at Rhodes on the way. They spent considerable time visiting and resting on Cyprus and then sailed for Antioch in Syria. From Antioch they journeyed south to Sidon and then went over to Damascus. From there they traveled by caravan to Mesopotamia, passing through Thapsacus and Larissa. They spent some time in Babylon, visited Ur and other places, and then went to Susa. From Susa they journeyed to Charax, from which place Gonod and Ganid embarked for India. (1427.4) 130:0.4 It was while working four months at Damascus that Jesus had picked up the rudiments of the language spoken by Gonod and Ganid. While there he had labored much of the time on translations from Greek into one of the languages of India, being assisted by a native of Gonod’s home district. (1427.5) 130:0.5 On this Mediterranean tour Jesus spent about half of each day teaching Ganid and acting as interpreter during Gonod’s business conferences and social contacts. The remainder of each day, which was at his disposal, he devoted to making those close personal contacts with his fellow men, those intimate associations with the mortals of the realm, which so characterized his activities during these years that just preceded his public ministry. (1427.6) 130:0.6 From firsthand observation and actual contact Jesus acquainted himself with the higher material and intellectual civilization of the Occident and the Levant; from Gonod and his brilliant son he learned a great deal about the civilization and culture of India and China, for Gonod, himself a citizen of India, had made three extensive trips to the empire of the yellow race. (1427.7) 130:0.7 Ganid, the young man, learned much from Jesus during this long and intimate association. They developed a great affection for each other, and the lad’s father many times tried to persuade Jesus to return with them to India, but Jesus always declined, pleading the necessity for returning to his family in Palestine. 1. At Joppa — Discourse on Jonah (1428.1) 130:1.1 During their stay in Joppa, Jesus met Gadiah, a Philistine interpreter who worked for one Simon a tanner. Gonod’s agents in Mesopotamia had transacted much business with this Simon; so Gonod and his son desired to pay him a visit on their way to Caesarea. While they tarried at Joppa, Jesus and Gadiah became warm friends. This young Philistine was a truth seeker. Jesus was a truth giver; he was the truth for that generation on Urantia. When a great truth seeker and a great truth giver meet, the result is a great and liberating enlightenment born of the experience of new truth. (1428.2) 130:1.2 One day after the evening meal Jesus and the young Philistine strolled down by the sea, and Gadiah, not knowing that this “scribe of Damascus” was so well versed in the Hebrew traditions, pointed out to Jesus the ship landing from which it was reputed that Jonah had embarked on his ill-fated voyage to Tarshish. And when he had concluded his remarks, he asked Jesus this question: “But do you suppose the big fish really did swallow Jonah?” Jesus perceived that this young man’s life had been tremendously influenced by this tradition, and that its contemplation had impressed upon him the folly of trying to run away from duty; Jesus therefore said nothing that would suddenly destroy the foundations of Gadiah’s present motivation for practical living. In answering this question, Jesus said: “My friend, we are all Jonahs with lives to live in accordance with the will of God, and at all times when we seek to escape the present duty of living by running away to far-off enticements, we thereby put ourselves in the immediate control of those influences which are not directed by the powers of truth and the forces of righteousness. The flight from duty is the sacrifice of truth. The escape from the service of light and life can only result in those distressing conflicts with the difficult whales of selfishness which lead eventually to darkness and death unless such God-forsaking Jonahs shall turn their hearts, even when in the very depths of despair, to seek after God and his goodness. And when such disheartened souls sincerely seek for God — hunger for truth and thirst for righteousness — there is nothing that can hold them in further captivity. No matter into what great depths they may have fallen, when they seek the light with a whole heart, the spirit of the Lord God of heaven will deliver them from their captivity; the evil circumstances of life will spew them out upon the dry land of fresh opportunities for renewed service and wiser living.” (1428.3) 130:1.3 Gadiah was mightily moved by Jesus’ teaching, and they talked long into the night by the seaside, and before they went to their lodgings, they prayed together and for each other. This was the same Gadiah who listened to the later preaching of Peter, became a profound believer in Jesus of Nazareth, and held a memorable argument with Peter one evening at the home of Dorcas. And Gadiah had very much to do with the final decision of Simon, the wealthy leather merchant, to embrace Christianity. (1428.4) 130:1.4 (In this narrative of the personal work of Jesus with his fellow mortals on this tour of the Mediterranean, we shall, in accordance with our permission, freely translate his words into modern phraseology current on Urantia at the time of this presentation.) (1429.1) 130:1.5 Jesus’ last visit with Gadiah had to do with a discussion of good and evil. This young Philistine was much troubled by a feeling of injustice because of the presence of evil in the world alongside the good. He said: “How can God, if he is infinitely good, permit us to suffer the sorrows of evil; after all, who creates evil?” It was still believed by many in those days that God creates both good and evil, but Jesus never taught such error. In answering this question, Jesus said: “My brother, God is love; therefore he must be good, and his goodness is so great and real that it cannot contain the small and unreal things of evil. God is so positively good that there is absolutely no place in him for negative evil. Evil is the immature choosing and the unthinking misstep of those who are resistant to goodness, rejectful of beauty, and disloyal to truth. Evil is only the misadaptation of immaturity or the disruptive and distorting influence of ignorance. Evil is the inevitable darkness which follows upon the heels of the unwise rejection of light. Evil is that which is dark and untrue, and which, when consciously embraced and willfully endorsed, becomes sin. (1429.2) 130:1.6 “Your Father in heaven, by endowing you with the power to choose between truth and error, created the potential negative of the positive way of light and life; but such errors of evil are really nonexistent until such a time as an intelligent creature wills their existence by mischoosing the way of life. And then are such evils later exalted into sin by the knowing and deliberate choice of such a willful and rebellious creature. This is why our Father in heaven permits the good and the evil to go along together until the end of life, just as nature allows the wheat and the tares to grow side by side until the harvest.” Gadiah was fully satisfied with Jesus’ answer to his question after their subsequent discussion had made clear to his mind the real meaning of these momentous statements. 2. At Caesarea (1429.3) 130:2.1 Jesus and his friends tarried in Caesarea beyond the time expected because one of the huge steering paddles of the vessel on which they intended to embark was discovered to be in danger of cleaving. The captain decided to remain in port while a new one was being made. There was a shortage of skilled woodworkers for this task, so Jesus volunteered to assist. During the evenings Jesus and his friends strolled about on the beautiful wall which served as a promenade around the port. Ganid greatly enjoyed Jesus’ explanation of the water system of the city and the technique whereby the tides were utilized to flush the city’s streets and sewers. This youth of India was much impressed with the temple of Augustus, situated upon an elevation and surmounted by a colossal statue of the Roman emperor. The second afternoon of their stay the three of them attended a performance in the enormous amphitheater which could seat twenty thousand persons, and that night they went to a Greek play at the theater. These were the first exhibitions of this sort Ganid had ever witnessed, and he asked Jesus many questions about them. On the morning of the third day they paid a formal visit to the governor’s palace, for Caesarea was the capital of Palestine and the residence of the Roman procurator. (1429.4) 130:2.2 At their inn there also lodged a merchant from Mongolia, and since this Far-Easterner talked Greek fairly well, Jesus had several long visits with him. This man was much impressed with Jesus’ philosophy of life and never forgot his words of wisdom regarding “the living of the heavenly life while on earth by means of daily submission to the will of the heavenly Father.” This merchant was a Taoist, and he had thereby become a strong believer in the doctrine of a universal Deity. When he returned to Mongolia, he began to teach these advanced truths to his neighbors and to his business associates, and as a direct result of such activities, his eldest son decided to become a Taoist priest. This young man exerted a great influence in behalf of advanced truth throughout his lifetime and was followed by a son and a grandson who likewise were devotedly loyal to the doctrine of the One God — the Supreme Ruler of Heaven. (1430.1) 130:2.3 While the eastern branch of the early Christian church, having its headquarters at Philadelphia, held more faithfully to the teachings of Jesus than did the Jerusalem brethren, it was regrettable that there was no one like Peter to go into China, or like Paul to enter India, where the spiritual soil was then so favorable for planting the seed of the new gospel of the kingdom. These very teachings of Jesus, as they were held by the Philadelphians, would have made just such an immediate and effective appeal to the minds of the spiritually hungry Asiatic peoples as did the preaching of Peter and Paul in the West. (1430.2) 130:2.4 One of the young men who worked with Jesus one day on the steering paddle became much interested in the words which he dropped from hour to hour as they toiled in the shipyard. When Jesus intimated that the Father in heaven was interested in the welfare of his children on earth, this young Greek, Anaxand, said: “If the Gods are interested in me, then why do they not remove the cruel and unjust foreman of this workshop?” He was startled when Jesus replied, “Since you know the ways of kindness and value justice, perhaps the Gods have brought this erring man near that you may lead him into this better way. Maybe you are the salt which is to make this brother more agreeable to all other men; that is, if you have not lost your savor. As it is, this man is your master in that his evil ways unfavorably influence you. Why not assert your mastery of evil by virtue of the power of goodness and thus become the master of all relations between the two of you? I predict that the good in you could overcome the evil in him if you gave it a fair and living chance. There is no adventure in the course of mortal existence more enthralling than to enjoy the exhilaration of becoming the material life partner with spiritual energy and divine truth in one of their triumphant struggles with error and evil. It is a marvelous and transforming experience to become the living channel of spiritual light to the mortal who sits in spiritual darkness. If you are more blessed with truth than is this man, his need should challenge you. Surely you are not the coward who could stand by on the seashore and watch a fellow man who could not swim perish! How much more of value is this man’s soul floundering in darkness compared to his body drowning in water!” (1430.3) 130:2.5 Anaxand was mightily moved by Jesus’ words. Presently he told his superior what Jesus had said, and that night they both sought Jesus’ advice as to the welfare of their souls. And later on, after the Christian message had been proclaimed in Caesarea, both of these men, one a Greek and the other a Roman, believed Philip’s preaching and became prominent members of the church which he founded. Later this young Greek was appointed the steward of a Roman centurion, Cornelius, who became a believer through Peter’s ministry. Anaxand continued to minister light to those who sat in darkness until the days of Paul’s imprisonment at Caesarea, when he perished, by accident, in the great slaughter of twenty thousand Jews while he ministered to the suffering and dying. (1431.1) 130:2.6 Ganid was, by this time, beginning to learn how his tutor spent his leisure in this unusual personal ministry to his fellow men, and the young Indian set about to find out the motive for these incessant activities. He asked, “Why do you occupy yourself so continuously with these visits with strangers?” And Jesus answered: “Ganid, no man is a stranger to one who knows God. In the experience of finding the Father in heaven you discover that all men are your brothers, and does it seem strange that one should enjoy the exhilaration of meeting a newly discovered brother? To become acquainted with one’s brothers and sisters, to know their problems and to learn to love them, is the supreme experience of living.” (1431.2) 130:2.7 This was a conference which lasted well into the night, in the course of which the young man requested Jesus to tell him the difference between the will of God and that human mind act of choosing which is also called will. In substance Jesus said: The will of God is the way of God, partnership with the choice of God in the face of any potential alternative. To do the will of God, therefore, is the progressive experience of becoming more and more like God, and God is the source and destiny of all that is good and beautiful and true. The will of man is the way of man, the sum and substance of that which the mortal chooses to be and do. Will is the deliberate choice of a self-conscious being which leads to decision-conduct based on intelligent reflection. (1431.3) 130:2.8 That afternoon Jesus and Ganid had both enjoyed playing with a very intelligent shepherd dog, and Ganid wanted to know whether the dog had a soul, whether it had a will, and in response to his questions Jesus said: “The dog has a mind which can know material man, his master, but cannot know God, who is spirit; therefore the dog does not possess a spiritual nature and cannot enjoy a spiritual experience. The dog may have a will derived from nature and augmented by training, but such a power of mind is not a spiritual force, neither is it comparable to the human will, inasmuch as it is not reflective — it is not the result of discriminating higher and moral meanings or choosing spiritual and eternal values. It is the possession of such powers of spiritual discrimination and truth choosing that makes mortal man a moral being, a creature endowed with the attributes of spiritual responsibility and the potential of eternal survival.” Jesus went on to explain that it is the absence of such mental powers in the animal which makes it forever impossible for the animal world to develop language in time or to experience anything equivalent to personality survival in eternity. As a result of this day’s instruction Ganid never again entertained belief in the transmigration of the souls of men into the bodies of animals. (1431.4) 130:2.9 The next day Ganid talked all this over with his father, and it was in answer to Gonod’s question that Jesus explained that “human wills which are fully occupied with passing only upon temporal decisions having to do with the material problems of animal existence are doomed to perish in time. Those who make wholehearted moral decisions and unqualified spiritual choices are thus progressively identified with the indwelling and divine spirit, and thereby are they increasingly transformed into the values of eternal survival — unending progression of divine service.” (1431.5) 130:2.10 It was on this same day that we first heard that momentous truth which, stated in modern terms, would signify: “Will is that manifestation of the human mind which enables the subjective consciousness to express itself objectively and to experience the phenomenon of aspiring to be Godlike.” And it is in this same sense that every reflective and spiritually minded human being can become creative. 3. At Alexandria (1432.1) 130:3.1 It had been an eventful visit at Caesarea, and when the boat was ready, Jesus and his two friends departed at noon one day for Alexandria in Egypt. (1432.2) 130:3.2 The three enjoyed a most pleasant passage to Alexandria. Ganid was delighted with the voyage and kept Jesus busy answering questions. As they approached the city’s harbor, the young man was thrilled by the great lighthouse of Pharos, located on the island which Alexander had joined by a mole to the mainland, thus creating two magnificent harbors and thereby making Alexandria the maritime commercial crossroads of Africa, Asia, and Europe. This great lighthouse was one of the seven wonders of the world and was the forerunner of all subsequent lighthouses. They arose early in the morning to view this splendid lifesaving device of man, and amidst the exclamations of Ganid Jesus said: “And you, my son, will be like this lighthouse when you return to India, even after your father is laid to rest; you will become like the light of life to those who sit about you in darkness, showing all who so desire the way to reach the harbor of salvation in safety.” And as Ganid squeezed Jesus’ hand, he said, “I will.” (1432.3) 130:3.3 And again we remark that the early teachers of the Christian religion made a great mistake when they so exclusively turned their attention to the western civilization of the Roman world. The teachings of Jesus, as they were held by the Mesopotamian believers of the first century, would have been readily received by the various groups of Asiatic religionists. (1432.4) 130:3.4 By the fourth hour after landing they were settled near the eastern end of the long and broad avenue, one hundred feet wide and five miles long, which stretched on out to the western limits of this city of one million people. After the first survey of the city’s chief attractions — university (museum), library, the royal mausoleum of Alexander, the palace, temple of Neptune, theater, and gymnasium — Gonod addressed himself to business while Jesus and Ganid went to the library, the greatest in the world. Here were assembled nearly a million manuscripts from all the civilized world: Greece, Rome, Palestine, Parthia, India, China, and even Japan. In this library Ganid saw the largest collection of Indian literature in all the world; and they spent some time here each day throughout their stay in Alexandria. Jesus told Ganid about the translation of the Hebrew scriptures into Greek at this place. And they discussed again and again all the religions of the world, Jesus endeavoring to point out to this young mind the truth in each, always adding: “But Yahweh is the God developed from the revelations of Melchizedek and the covenant of Abraham. The Jews were the offspring of Abraham and subsequently occupied the very land wherein Melchizedek had lived and taught, and from which he sent teachers to all the world; and their religion eventually portrayed a clearer recognition of the Lord God of Israel as the Universal Father in heaven than any other world religion.” (1432.5) 130:3.5 Under Jesus’ direction Ganid made a collection of the teachings of all those religions of the world which recognized a Universal Deity, even though they might also give more or less recognition to subordinate deities. After much discussion Jesus and Ganid decided that the Romans had no real God in their religion, that their religion was hardly more than emperor worship. The Greeks, they concluded, had a philosophy but hardly a religion with a personal God. The mystery cults they discarded because of the confusion of their multiplicity, and because their varied concepts of Deity seemed to be derived from other and older religions. (1433.1) 130:3.6 Although these translations were made at Alexandria, Ganid did not finally arrange these selections and add his own personal conclusions until near the end of their sojourn in Rome. He was much surprised to discover that the best of the authors of the world’s sacred literature all more or less clearly recognized the existence of an eternal God and were much in agreement with regard to his character and his relationship with mortal man. (1433.2) 130:3.7 Jesus and Ganid spent much time in the museum during their stay in Alexandria. This museum was not a collection of rare objects but rather a university of fine art, science, and literature. Learned professors here gave daily lectures, and in those times this was the intellectual center of the Occidental world. Day by day Jesus interpreted the lectures to Ganid; one day during the second week the young man exclaimed: “Teacher Joshua, you know more than these professors; you should stand up and tell them the great things you have told me; they are befogged by much thinking. I shall speak to my father and have him arrange it.” Jesus smiled, saying: “You are an admiring pupil, but these teachers are not minded that you and I should instruct them. The pride of unspiritualized learning is a treacherous thing in human experience. The true teacher maintains his intellectual integrity by ever remaining a learner.” (1433.3) 130:3.8 Alexandria was the city of the blended culture of the Occident and next to Rome the largest and most magnificent in the world. Here was located the largest Jewish synagogue in the world, the seat of government of the Alexandria Sanhedrin, the seventy ruling elders. (1433.4) 130:3.9 Among the many men with whom Gonod transacted business was a certain Jewish banker, Alexander, whose brother, Philo, was a famous religious philosopher of that time. Philo was engaged in the laudable but exceedingly difficult task of harmonizing Greek philosophy and Hebrew theology. Ganid and Jesus talked much about Philo’s teachings and expected to attend some of his lectures, but throughout their stay at Alexandria this famous Hellenistic Jew lay sick abed. (1433.5) 130:3.10 Jesus commended to Ganid much in the Greek philosophy and the Stoic doctrines, but he impressed upon the lad the truth that these systems of belief, like the indefinite teachings of some of his own people, were religions only in the sense that they led men to find God and enjoy a living experience in knowing the Eternal. 4. Discourse on Reality (1433.6) 130:4.1 The night before they left Alexandria Ganid and Jesus had a long visit with one of the government professors at the university who lectured on the teachings of Plato. Jesus interpreted for the learned Greek teacher but injected no teaching of his own in refutation of the Greek philosophy. Gonod was away on business that evening; so, after the professor had departed, the teacher and his pupil had a long and heart-to-heart talk about Plato’s doctrines. While Jesus gave qualified approval of some of the Greek teachings which had to do with the theory that the material things of the world are shadowy reflections of invisible but more substantial spiritual realities, he sought to lay a more trustworthy foundation for the lad’s thinking; so he began a long dissertation concerning the nature of reality in the universe. In substance and in modern phraseology Jesus said to Ganid: (1434.1) 130:4.2 The source of universe reality is the Infinite. The material things of finite creation are the time-space repercussions of the Paradise Pattern and the Universal Mind of the eternal God. Causation in the physical world, self-consciousness in the intellectual world, and progressing selfhood in the spirit world — these realities, projected on a universal scale, combined in eternal relatedness, and experienced with perfection of quality and divinity of value — constitute the reality of the Supreme. But in an ever-changing universe the Original Personality of causation, intelligence, and spirit experience is changeless, absolute. All things, even in an eternal universe of limitless values and divine qualities, may, and oftentimes do, change except the Absolutes and that which has attained the physical status, intellectual embrace, or spiritual identity which is absolute. (1434.2) 130:4.3 The highest level to which a finite creature can progress is the recognition of the Universal Father and the knowing of the Supreme. And even then such beings of finality destiny go on experiencing change in the motions of the physical world and in its material phenomena. Likewise do they remain aware of selfhood progression in their continuing ascension of the spiritual universe and of growing consciousness in their deepening appreciation of, and response to, the intellectual cosmos. Only in the perfection, harmony, and unanimity of will can the creature become as one with the Creator; and such a state of divinity is attained and maintained only by the creature’s continuing to live in time and eternity by consistently conforming his finite personal will to the divine will of the Creator. Always must the desire to do the Father’s will be supreme in the soul and dominant over the mind of an ascending son of God. (1434.3) 130:4.4 A one-eyed person can never hope to visualize depth of perspective. Neither can single-eyed material scientists nor single-eyed spiritual mystics and allegorists correctly visualize and adequately comprehend the true depths of universe reality. All true values of creature experience are concealed in depth of recognition. (1434.4) 130:4.5 Mindless causation cannot evolve the refined and complex from the crude and the simple, neither can spiritless experience evolve the divine characters of eternal survival from the material minds of the mortals of time. The one attribute of the universe which so exclusively characterizes the infinite Deity is this unending creative bestowal of personality which can survive in progressive Deity attainment. (1434.5) 130:4.6 Personality is that cosmic endowment, that phase of universal reality, which can coexist with unlimited change and at the same time retain its identity in the very presence of all such changes, and forever afterward. (1434.6) 130:4.7 Life is an adaptation of the original cosmic causation to the demands and possibilities of universe situations, and it comes into being by the action of the Universal Mind and the activation of the spirit spark of the God who is spirit. The meaning of life is its adaptability; the value of life is its progressability — even to the heights of God-consciousness. (1434.7) 130:4.8 Misadaptation of self-conscious life to the universe results in cosmic disharmony. Final divergence of personality will from the trend of the universes terminates in intellectual isolation, personality segregation. Loss of the indwelling spirit pilot supervenes in spiritual cessation of existence. Intelligent and progressing life becomes then, in and of itself, an incontrovertible proof of the existence of a purposeful universe expressing the will of a divine Creator. And this life, in the aggregate, struggles toward higher values, having for its final goal the Universal Father. (1435.1) 130:4.9 Only in degree does man possess mind above the animal level aside from the higher and quasi-spiritual ministrations of intellect. Therefore animals (not having worship and wisdom) cannot experience superconsciousness, consciousness of consciousness. The animal mind is only conscious of the objective universe. (1435.2) 130:4.10 Knowledge is the sphere of the material or fact-discerning mind. Truth is the domain of the spiritually endowed intellect that is conscious of knowing God. Knowledge is demonstrable; truth is experienced. Knowledge is a possession of the mind; truth an experience of the soul, the progressing self. Knowledge is a function of the nonspiritual level; truth is a phase of the mind-spirit level of the universes. The eye of the material mind perceives a world of factual knowledge; the eye of the spiritualized intellect discerns a world of true values. These two views, synchronized and harmonized, reveal the world of reality, wherein wisdom interprets the phenomena of the universe in terms of progressive personal experience. (1435.3) 130:4.11 Error (evil) is the penalty of imperfection. The qualities of imperfection or facts of misadaptation are disclosed on the material level by critical observation and by scientific analysis; on the moral level, by human experience. The presence of evil constitutes proof of the inaccuracies of mind and the immaturity of the evolving self. Evil is, therefore, also a measure of imperfection in universe interpretation. The possibility of making mistakes is inherent in the acquisition of wisdom, the scheme of progressing from the partial and temporal to the complete and eternal, from the relative and imperfect to the final and perfected. Error is the shadow of relative incompleteness which must of necessity fall across man’s ascending universe path to Paradise perfection. Error (evil) is not an actual universe quality; it is simply the observation of a relativity in the relatedness of the imperfection of the incomplete finite to the ascending levels of the Supreme and Ultimate. (1435.4) 130:4.12 Although Jesus told all this to the lad in language best suited to his comprehension, at the end of the discussion Ganid was heavy of eye and was soon lost in slumber. They rose early the next morning to go aboard the boat bound for Lasea on the island of Crete. But before they embarked, the lad had still further questions to ask about evil, to which Jesus replied: (1435.5) 130:4.13 Evil is a relativity concept. It arises out of the observation of the imperfections which appear in the shadow cast by a finite universe of things and beings as such a cosmos obscures the living light of the universal expression of the eternal realities of the Infinite One. (1435.6) 130:4.14 Potential evil is inherent in the necessary incompleteness of the revelation of God as a time-space-limited expression of infinity and eternity. The fact of the partial in the presence of the complete constitutes relativity of reality, creates necessity for intellectual choosing, and establishes value levels of spirit recognition and response. The incomplete and finite concept of the Infinite which is held by the temporal and limited creature mind is, in and of itself, potential evil. But the augmenting error of unjustified deficiency in reasonable spiritual rectification of these originally inherent intellectual disharmonies and spiritual insufficiencies, is equivalent to the realization of actual evil. (1436.1) 130:4.15 All static, dead, concepts are potentially evil. The finite shadow of relative and living truth is continually moving. Static concepts invariably retard science, politics, society, and religion. Static concepts may represent a certain knowledge, but they are deficient in wisdom and devoid of truth. But do not permit the concept of relativity so to mi