Podcasts about rtgs

Solar power has its limits. Some space missions will need an alternative source of power like RTGs. How can we make them better? Which fuel is optimal for them and why? How to convert heat into electricity? Finding out in this interview.

Welcome to Episode 139 Sponsored by CultTVMan, Sean's Custom Model Tools and Return To Kit FormHostsStuartGeoffFrankDedicated to James from JMC, get better soon.Thanks to our latest Patreon and Buy Me a Coffee Supporters:Check out our What We Like page for lists of what we like. ***************************************LATEST NEWSFrank went to AMPS and got concussed. ***************************************MAILBAGWe want to hear from you! Let us know if you have any comments or suggestions scalemodelpodcast@gmail.com.***************************************LATEST HOBBY ANNOUNCEMENTSTrumpeter June announcementsTamiya Upcoming releasesJagdpanzer 38(t) Hetzer Prague May 1945 in 1/35th scale from Snowman ModelMiniArt's 35th scale M3 Stuart "Early Production" with a full interiorSd.Kfz. 234/2 "Puma" full interior kit from MiniArt 1/35th scaleA new 16th scale Sherman from I love KitAustralian Army M113A1 LRV 1/35Special Hobby is working on a Baltimore Bomber in 1/48FlyHawk 1/350 USS Cowpens CG-63 coming in July1/350 PLAN Type054B Frigate from Magic Factory.Hurricane Mk.IIb trop from Arma in 1/48Hasegawa - 1/72 Queadluun-Rau Max use (Movie Version)What's new at Scalemates.com ***************************************SPONSOR AD #1Cult TV Man***************************************WHAT'S ON THE BENCHStuart - Work continues on the CF-15 what if. Hasegawa does the engine nozzles as five separate parts each. I have lost one to the floor monster so I will be looking for either 3d print or after-market replacements.Geoff - continuing on getting the Martin Mars and the NASA shuttle carrier aircraft and shuttle in 1/144 ready for paint. Ordered decals for the 747 from Drawdecal and the shuttle from Lake County Spaceport.Terry - Some progress on my open projects, I'll get the landing gear on the P-47 and do some minor weathering before dullcoating, then I'll probably mostly use pastels for further weathering. I just want the Regult off my bench. I need to get the decals on that.Frank - Mirror Models Komsomolets T-20 Tractor - started this last week and the interior tub was painted tonight - engine, etc. I made some cloth-looking seat pads as per reference images. Also painted a 1/72 ICM BM-24-12 kit, I picked up 4 at AMPS, got a new Grad but got 3 from the mid-90s. It looks okay…the rocket bed is rough and i'd recommend scratch if you want it to sing[foogallery id="3690"]***************************************WHAT WE ARE READINGStuart - Clear Thinking: Turning Ordinary Moments into Extraordinary Results by Shane ParrishSlow Productivity: The Lost Art of Accomplishment Without Burnout by Cal NewportGeoff - “The Better Angels of Our Nature” by Steven Pinker. Good, factual survey of history establishes that despite what some people seem to think, violence in the West is at a historic low point.Also “Spies in the Sky” by Taylor Downing - a history of aerial intelligence in WW2.Terry - Finished Madeleine Murray's Song of Achilles. It's brilliant. She really brings the Greek characters to life, all these legendary names. I started to wonder how she would finish the story, since the narrator Patroclus must die before Achilles. The end will bring you to tears. What next? The 18th volume of That Time I got Reincarnated as a Slime, so that's a background read. I have some nonfiction to choose from.Frank - Reading Book 2 of the Theodore Roosevelt bio by Edmund Morris - Theodore Rex and picked up Israel - A History by Martin Gilbert***************************************SPONSOR AD #2Seans Custom Model Tools***************************************THINGS WE'VE SEENBuild Guide Pt II: URAL-4320.JPL reestablishes contact with Voyager! The RTGs will die in a few years, but the sturdy probe is again sending data.There's a FB group called Historical Space Models, I have a number of friends in there - have a look. (I can't figure out how to grab a link via the iPad)***************************************THE LAST WORDSMP Ep. 139 is also sponsored by Return To Kit Form (R2KF). Check out their web store!For more modelling podcast goodness, check out other modelling podcasts at modelpodcasts.comPlease leave us a positive review if you enjoy what we're doing!Check us out: FaceBook, YouTube, and our very own websiteWe also have merchandise now. Check it out on Redbubble 

**Décryptage des Moyens de Paiement et de leurs Exemples Pratiques dans la Vie Quotidienne** **Moyens de Paiement :** Les moyens de paiement sont des instruments, mécanismes ou dispositifs utilisés pour transférer de l'argent d'un compte à un autre ou pour effectuer des transactions financières. Ils facilitent les paiements dans la vie quotidienne, que ce soit pour régler des factures, acheter des biens et services, ou transférer de l'argent à des tiers. **Exemple Pratique :** Les cartes de débit et de crédit, les virements bancaires, les chèques, et les paiements en espèces sont tous des exemples de moyens de paiement couramment utilisés. **Virements de Masse :** Les virements de masse sont des transferts de fonds électroniques effectués en bloc, permettant de payer plusieurs bénéficiaires en une seule opération. Ils sont couramment utilisés par les entreprises pour verser les salaires de leurs employés ou pour effectuer des paiements à plusieurs fournisseurs en même temps. **Exemple Pratique :** Une entreprise peut utiliser un virement de masse pour payer tous ses employés à la fin du mois, en transférant simultanément les salaires sur les comptes bancaires de chaque employé. **Prélèvements de Masse :** Les prélèvements de masse sont l'inverse des virements de masse. C'est lorsque des paiements sont retirés automatiquement des comptes des débiteurs, généralement pour des factures récurrentes comme l'électricité, l'eau, ou les abonnements. **Exemple Pratique :** Chaque mois, votre fournisseur d'électricité peut prélever automatiquement le montant de votre facture sur votre compte bancaire, sans que vous ayez à l'initier manuellement. **MAD de Masse :** MAD (Moyen d'Accès aux Données) de masse fait référence à la gestion électronique de données en masse. Il s'agit de gérer et de stocker de grandes quantités d'informations de manière électronique, ce qui est essentiel pour la gestion des données bancaires et financières en particulier. **Exemple Pratique :** Une banque utilise MAD de masse pour stocker et gérer les relevés bancaires électroniques de ses clients, permettant un accès facile aux informations financières. **RTGS (Système de Règlement Brut en Temps Réel) :** Le RTGS est un système de paiement en temps réel qui permet le transfert électronique instantané de fonds d'un compte bancaire à un autre. Il est couramment utilisé pour les transactions financières de grande valeur et est souvent utilisé par les banques centrales pour régler les paiements entre elles. **Exemple Pratique :** Lorsqu'une entreprise achète une grande quantité de matières premières à l'étranger, le paiement peut être effectué via RTGS pour assurer un règlement immédiat. **Chèques :** Les chèques sont des documents de paiement papier qui permettent à une personne de donner l'ordre à sa banque de transférer une somme d'argent du compte de l'émetteur au bénéficiaire du chèque. **Exemple Pratique :** Vous écrivez un chèque à votre propriétaire pour payer votre loyer chaque mois. **LCN (Lettre de Change Normalisée) :** LCN est un instrument de paiement similaire au chèque, mais il est utilisé pour les transactions commerciales et est soumis à des règles et des normes spécifiques. **Exemple Pratique :** Une entreprise envoie une LCN à son fournisseur pour régler une facture de marchandises achetées à crédit. **Flux TPE (Terminaux de Paiement Électronique) :** Les flux TPE désignent les paiements électroniques effectués via des terminaux de paiement, tels que les cartes de crédit ou de débit, dans les points de vente physiques. **Exemple Pratique :** Vous payez vos courses au supermarché en utilisant votre carte de crédit et le terminal de paiement électronique. **Télé-Règlement :** Le télé-règlement fait référence aux paiements électroniques effectués à distance, généralement en ligne ou par téléphone, pour des biens ou des services. **Exemple Pratique :** Vous réservez un billet d'avion en ligne et effectuez le paiement --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/chatgpt20/message

Contact: Mark Tibbles mtibbles@asl.com.au  Delighted to welcome Mark Tibbles, CEO of Australian Settlements Limited or ASL.Mark is a Payments guy having spent most of the last 25 years in the payments sector, including stints at CBA, NAB, Westpac, Clydesdale & Yorkshire Bank, Verifone and Wirecard. Since 2019 Mark has been leading the ASL Team in the shift from aggregator to a next generation Payments Platform service provider. ASL is an Authorised Deposit Taking Institution (ADI) regulated by the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA) and a provider of B2B ‘Payments-Platform-and-Settlement as a Service' (PPaaSS) solutions to banks, Fintechs and Corporates. ASL's goal is to provide platform access to the domestic rails – connect simply and almost self-serve in a complicated world. ASL partner with organisations that are leaders in their field – FIS for NPP connectivity, Shaype for our Platform and API led services, ISW for the latest Fraud and transaction monitoring capability. In the near future ASL will add leading Card Management and Switching services along with Digital Identity and a single pane of glass view of our services.  ASL are Payment tech led and Customer focused. ASL connects banks, fintech's, Corporates and a range of other businesses to the Payments world. ·          ASL was originally formed by the Building Societies in NSW, VIC and QLD as a cooperative·          ASL were the first non-Bank to be granted an Exchange Settlement Account (ESA)·          ASL is now one of 12 Direct connectors to COIN and the NPP along with the big 4 - ANZ, Commonwealth, Westpac and NAB. ·          ASL processes 100m+ transactions annually and in excess of $650m per day ASL offer access to all the Domestic network requirements like:·          New Payments Platform (NPP)·          Direct Entry·          Cards – Visa and eftpos with the ability to settle Mastercard·          BPay·          Financial Crime/Fraud Services·          RTGS·          Plus some of the lesser known and specialist services like Australclear and Pexa.   ASL also represent  customers and give them a voice in the Industry with organisations like AusPayNet and Australian Payments Plus (AP+). Generally/historically, ASL supports banks, other financial institutions, fintech's – however their suite of solutions are suitable for a range of organisations that have high payment/transaction flows. ASL see corporate users as a key future customer base along with other wholesale payment service providers who don't have direct access to the domestic rails. What do ASL customers (generally) need? ·          Access to payment rails / the payment's world·          Settlement solutions ·          Financial crime management ·          Payment's consulting/advice/education – this is key – we help our customers navigate a very complicated industry·          Partnering with an organisation with an Australian banking license (ADI)What are their biggest pain points you solve for?·          A partner that helps navigate the industry nuances·          Accessing all services from a single partner·          Getting

This week Liz Lumley is joined by Roberta Profeta, associate principal financial services, Elca Advisory where they comment on the upward rise of interest rates and its impact on banks and bank reputations, asking too much from open banking, the complexity of fighting climate change via financing activism, the launch of FedNow in the US, M&A rumours with Monzo and predictable behaviour from Microsoft, the company that just get let go of bundling.As a bonus to this episode, Liz Lumley also sits down with Victoria Cleland, executive director for payments at The Bank of England to talk about RTGS, IS0 20022, the New Payment Architecture and the bank's role in modernising global payments rails. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Prof Nithiyanandam engages in an intriguing conversation with Mr. Sanjay Sinha, a distinguished senior Consultant with the Department of Real Time Governance (also called RTGS) with the Government of Andhra Pradesh, regarding the captivating significance of Geospatial technology in India's public health planning. They delve into the present scenario and explore the enthralling impact that Geospatial technology can have on enhancing the effectiveness of public health services. The Takshashila Geospatial Bulletin is a monthly newsletter of geospatial insights for India's strategic affairs. Do check it out and share your feedback. Do follow IVM Podcasts on social media. We are @‌IVMPodcasts on Facebook, Twitter, & Instagram. https://twitter.com/IVMPodcasts https://www.instagram.com/ivmpodcasts/?hl=en https://www.facebook.com/ivmpodcasts/ You can check out our website at https://shows.ivmpodcasts.com/featured Follow the show across platforms: Spotify, Google Podcasts, Apple Podcasts, JioSaavn, Gaana, Amazon Music Do share the word with your folks!See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The episode walks you through the things that nuclear energy powers From the RTGs to Bitcoin Mining. BTC mining uses Mining Rigs which (one) consumes about 1 - 10 MW. But some miners have about 50,000 rigs. BTC consumes about 127 TWh per year of electricity and emits 25 - 50 M tons CO2 annually. But there is Advanced Nuclear Power which is promising for the future of mining and cryptocurrency.

Zwei Wochen FUT-Geburtstag! Viele Karten wurden auf den Markt geworfen, inklusive Swaps. Im permanenten Grind probieren sich immer mehr Content Creator an kurzzeitigen RTGs, was irgendwie seltsam ist. Dass EA Mitarbeitende entlässt, ist ebenfalls komisch. Allerdings soll das "aus einer Position der Stärke" passieren. Mo und Mero diskutieren einige Ideen und neue Ansätze, die das Spiel zukünftig besser machen würden - Stichwort Stacking von Karten.

Mr. Sohail Javaad, Executive Director, Digital Financial Services Group, talks about the digital evolution of Pakistan's financial landscape. He explains SBP's role in providing a nurturing framework/ platform for fintechs and other stakeholders to enhance their facilities, services and products. He highlights some unique achievements of Pakistan such as having two payment platforms i.e. 1 Link and Raast; the successful implementation of systemically important initiatives such as PayPak, RTGS, and the benefits they bring. He addresses important current issues such as why certain petrol pumps no longer accept card payments. He also addresses the future of cryptocurrencies in Pakistan, and why PayPal is not available in the country. Host: Adeel Azhar Guest: Sohail Javaad ---DISCLAIMER: SBP is providing this podcast as a public service to educate the public about current economic issues and market trends, but it is neither a legal interpretation nor a policy statement of SBP. Reference to any specific product or entity does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation by SBP. The views expressed by participants are entirely their own and the views and opinions expressed by SBP employees are those of the employees and do not necessarily reflect the view of the SBP or any of its officials. SBP does not accept any liability in respect of the material shared in this podcast.

EP38- Aflevering 38 gaat over Strike app, de RTGS systems (ECB) en nog een bedenking over de Euro. links: https://www.ecb.europa.eu/paym/target/html/index.en.html https://www.coindesk.com/policy/2022/09/26/ecb-exploring-distributed-ledger-technology-for-interbank-settlements-panetta/ https://twitter.com/DocumentingBTC/status/1574882159575420929 https://deadeyes.substack.com/p/de-digitale-euro-is-geen-geld https://twitter.com/JamesMelville/status/1574645529467830273 

Tim is terug uit Polen en heeft een koers teruggebracht die wel in Zloty lijkt te zijn uitgedrukt. Waar komt die stijging vandaan? In het eerste deel van de aflevering blikken we terug op vorige week en zoeken we naar verklaringen. Ook is er alwéér nieuws rondom Nexi Group en Oracle. Dit keer met Global Blue. Het plot breidt zich steeds verder uit! We checken ook nog een lekkere San thread over Real Time Gross Settlement systemen en de rol van Overledger daarbij. Tot slot nog twee absolute nukes met alle ontwikkelingen rondom Unbounded Network en het BEWIJS dat Gil in de Lounge loert! Geniet ervan! $QNT #QRC21 00:00:00 Introductie  00:10:30 Quanter Scan 00:14:30 Galileo Protocol 00:23:00 Prijsactie 00:33:50 Nexi partnerschap 00:43:00 RTGS 01:09:00 Unbounded Network 01:15:00 Gilbert Verdian in de Quamfy Lounge   Cheers! #QRC21 QNT price https://www.coingecko.com/ Quanterscan  Https://www.Quanterscan.com   Quant Library https://t.me/quantlibrary  Twitter Lunar Crush QNT NO1! https://twitter.com/LunarCrush/status/1574289004152889344?s=20&t=RkTgP-nefm19gv6XP1wujw  NewsBTC https://www.newsbtc.com/quant-qnt/quant-qnt-adds-10-in-24-hours-while-macro-uncertainty-pulls-others/ @RealVisionBot http://realvisionbot.com/crypto NEXI Bot https://twitter.com/nexigroup/status/1574347100116205568?t=R3KbypeSVaKaHAvFzVKlNA&s=19 https://www.nexigroup.com/content/dam/corp/downloads/media/press-release/2022/2022-09-26-pr-nexi-globalblue.pdf  San Tweet over RTGS https://twitter.com/SanNL11/status/1522240277175582722  https://twitter.com/SanNL11/status/1478426540778135555  Lijst van grote getallen https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Names_of_large_numbers Unbounded Network https://unbounded.network/news/has-apple-changed-its-tact-towards-cryptocurrency-d5171fe3  Do you want to help support the show?  We created an Ethereum address for donations. 0xbDd1C73408E1E0ae165cA73AFB5F2E64E886AE37 General: Jarno and Tim talk, every Friday, about Quant Network and all the relevant topics that come with it.  Jarno en Tim spreken elke woendsdag over Quant Network en alle onderwerpen die daarmee te maken kunnen hebben.  We are on: * Twitter https://twitter.com/TheQuamfyShow  * Instagram https://www.instagram.com/quant.updates  * Google Podcast https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkLnBvZGJlYW4uY29tL3RoZXF1YW1meXNob3cvZmVlZC54bWw * Spotify https://open.spotify.com/show/6HECh06D8iZr2ogbZiPJsS?si=97ae6b68fe284030  * YouTube https://www.youtube.com/c/TheQuamfyShow  * Amazon/Alexa https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/dee55663-4ff8-49fb-a4b5-65182d8531e8  * Podbean https://thequamfyshow.podbean.com/ #QRC21 The International Quamfy community: * NL/BE Quant Group https://t.me/Dutchqnt  * $Counchill$ of Quamf - FA ALL DAY https://t.me/counchill  * Quamfy Lounge (Price chat) https://t.me/QUAMFYLOUNGE_2  * Council of Quamf - QNT fundamental analysis https://t.me/councilofquamf * Community DAO https://t.me/QNTDAO  * QNT Trading & On Chain Analysis https://t.me/QNTTrading Official Channels: * Quant Community Channel “Main” https://t.me/QuantOverledger  * Website:  https://www.quant.network  * GitHub:  http://www.github.com/quantnetwork  * Twitter:  https://twitter.com/quant_network  Our Exchanges and Brokers: * Coinmetro: https://coinmetro.com/?ref=jarno * Unizen: https://trade.unizen.io/account/signup?ref=6UT2HC39 * Bitcoinmeester: https://www.bitcoinmeester.nl/?r=100077550 * Bitvavo: https://bitvavo.com/?a=03889DE34C * Crypto .com https://crypto.com/app/2enw9fc23d * Coinbase https://www.coinbase.com/join/de%20sno_s #QRC21

RBI released a discussion paper that said: We've let you good people live all this time with “free” payment systems, so should we allow banks to start charging now? Specifically for UPI, which has reached volumes of 10 lakh crore rupees per month? And should we charge merchants? Deepak's answer is a big NO. He firmly believes that the payments ecosystem (and the economy as a whole) will gain much more than any fees on UPI transactions will. As always, Deepak has a context to his argument and covers a wide range of nuances. Listen to this podcast to understand his view on different aspects of the UPI payments system, its evolution, and the ways in which it can drive innovation. Also, this podcast covers many different aspects than Deepak's earlier post on the same topic.  Show Quotes & Time stamps 02:00 - Deepak and Shray trade fascinating stories about payment systems before UPI. 07:00 - The interoperability of UPI is a game changer 10:30 - How much do we pay for other payment systems? “RBI spends 4,824 crores per year printing cash. None of that cost is borne by anybody except the government itself” 14:30 - The evolution of ATMs, Cheques, NEFT, RTGS, and the big role that RBI played in making these systems affordable for users. 21:30 - Has UPI always been free? Or has it also evolved over time to be free? “The government went to parliament and passed a resolution to make UPI free… That's the extent we went to keep this payment mechanism free” “1,00,000 Crore is now available to banks to make money by parking it RBI and earning interest…. This is because people want to keep money with banks to make UPI payments” 31:00 - How much does it actually cost to run the UPI payments system? “NPCI spends just ~680 crores per year maintaining the UPI infrastructure. Compare that against the float income that banks make on the additional 1 lac crore float” 34:00 - The argument that UPI is a toll road so you should charge for this "public infra" “Credit cards transact about 100k crore a month, debit cards 60k crore per month, ATM withdrawals are at 300k crore per month…. So even now, after all these years, credit + debit card transactions are not more than cash” 41:00 - If you don't let players charge for UPI, who will fund innovation? “Internet protocols were free and they disrupted the world through innovation” “Interestingly, in the payments ecosystem, all innovation has come from the regulator and not private players” 43:40 - Counter arguments from Deepak's Twitter on why UPI shouldn't be free. 44:00 - Google and PhonePe did all the handwork to make UPI popular. Now you're telling me I can't make money on it? “You're building a road and they tell you... you can never charge a toll. But you still keep building that road… that's the payment apps for you” 50:00 - Let's say that the biggest private players leave because you won't let them make a profit. The top 2 guys control ~75% of all transactions. What happens to the ecosystem now? 1:02:00 - Why regulators have enforced limits on incentives and fees? “Financial regulation is not like tech where if you're too big, rules change for you. Here, if you are too big, and you disturb the system, the regulator first makes you small and then beats you” 1:05:30 - Government responses to the UPI monetization paper were very harsh. Why so? “Hoarding cash is ok. Spending that cash on the economy creates a whole new economic system that's outside the view of the government. That's not ok” “From Jan 2020 to now, the total ATM withdrawals are flat. UPI has gone from 120k crore to 1000k crore. The fact that UPI transactions are free has reduced cash transactions” 1:09:30 - The number of UPI transactions has drastically increased. But, is that all? The UPI tech reached its full maturity? What do we have to look forward to wrt UPI? 1:14:00 - UPI as a credit check for lenders and a game-changer for quick small loans   There's a lot more interesting stuff ahead with UPI. We're just getting started!

Dave Sissens, chief executive officer of RTGS.Global, sits down with the Digital Monetary Institute's editor, Lewis McLellan, to discuss the possibilities for improving the quality of the infrastructure underpinning cross-border payments. They discuss the role that RTGS.Global's platform could play in the future of the wholesale foreign exchange settlement ecosystem and how it might integrate with other payments systems, including CBDCs. They cover payment versus payment settlement, the removal of counterparty risk, the role of decentralisation and what the payments landscape will look like over the next five to 10 years.

Bank of England's Executive Director for Payments Victoria Cleland and Women in Payments Founder and CEO Kristy Duncan discuss diversity and inclusion in the payments ecosystem as well as Bank of England's real-time gross settlement renewal (RTGS). About Pause for Payments Pause for Payments is a weekly podcast produced by Women in Payments, where in each episode, we sit down with an inspiring woman leading the way in the payments world and discuss industry and career-related topics, and share personal success stories to inspire and empower the next generation of women leaders. To learn more, visit us at www.womeninpayments.org You can gain access to our global member portal, where you'll find the latest industry trends, exciting career opportunities, and so much more by becoming a member: https://www.womeninpayments.org/membership Connect with us: Twitter: https://twitter.com/WomeninPayments OR @WomeninPayments LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/company/women-in-payments/

Cross-border payments are, in the now familiar mantra of the G20, slow, expensive, opaque and inaccessible. This matters because, despite a slowdown in the rate of growth of world trade, cross-border payments are becoming more important, not less. Remittances and e-commerce are more than making up for any shortfalls in exchanges of physical goods. Consultants BCG predict the value of cross-border payments will increase from US$150 trillion in 2017 to US$250 trillion by 2027 – a two thirds increase in just a decade. As it happens, 2027 is the date set by the Financial Stability Board (FSB) for the achievement of four quantitative targets designed not only to cut the costs, increase the speed and enhance the visibility of the costs of cross-border payments but widen access to competitive cross-border payments services as well. The four targets are just one of 19 “building blocks” laid down by The Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures (CPMI) in July 2020 as the foundations of a better, faster and cheaper cross-border payments system for the world economy. Unfortunately, the targets are also the only product of the 19 building blocks which can readily be grasped amid the miasma of surveys, analyses, consultations, task groups, workshops, liaisons, hackathons and vague but extendable deadlines which surround alleged progress in other areas. Yet fast and measurable progress is desperately needed. Cross-border payments represent a continuous and hefty toll on international trade and capital flows. Transactions can take several days, cost ten times as much as a domestic payment and devour 10 per cent of the face value of a payment. Although the work of the FSB reads as if the problem is extremely complicated – and it is, not least because of the number and range of the parties involved – the origins of this tax on commerce are now well-understood. The CPMI labels them as seven “frictions”: legacy technology; long transaction chains; funding costs; weak competition; fragmented and truncated data formats; complex compliance checks; and limited operating hours. The G20 made fixing these frictions a priority. In many jurisdictions, competition to provide cross-border payments services cannot work because cost opacity means payers cannot distinguish between the costs of different ways of paying; most domestic banks can do no better than take prices from a coterie of 15 major global banks; and non-bank service providers are denied access to the central bank real-time gross settlement (RTGS) system. Likewise, replacing laborious customer due diligence tests with digital identities is an obvious way to cut costs dramatically and speed up the processing of payments, but the FSB now seems more interested in creating centralised data utilities than in re-designing a failed procedure. Allowing assets in one jurisdiction to secure liquidity in another would not only ease cross-border payments blockages but free up resources trapped in excess liquidity buffers, but private sector initiative to solve this problem are unmentioned. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Lewis McLellan, editor of OMFIF's Digital Monetary Institute, joined Victoria Cumings, chief legal and regulatory officer at RTGS.global, at the DMI Symposium to discuss how the Financial Stability Board's roadmap for enhancing cross-border payments is driving change in the payments ecosystem. They discussed public and private sector efforts to transform international payments and delved into how new thinking and approaches can contribute towards industry improvements.

Isabelle Bouille, Principal Product Manager, BNY MellonThe migration later this year to the new data-rich financial messaging standard ISO 20022 will transform global payments, revolutionising how banks process transactions with more robust, structured and comprehensive payment messages. Robin Amlôt of IBS Intelligence discusses the ISO 20022 migration with Isabelle Bouille, Principal Product Manager with BNY Mellon.

Real Time Gross Settlement or RTGS is a funds transfer mechanism where transfer of money takes place from one bank to another on a “real time” and on “gross” basis. The RTGS system is primarily meant for large value transactions. The minimum amount to be remitted through RTGS is 2 lakh rupees with no upper limit. Settlement in “real time” means the transaction is not subjected to any waiting period. The transactions are settled as soon as they are processed. “Gross settlement” means the transaction is settled on one to one basis without bunching with any other transaction.  Considering that money transfer takes place in the books of the Reserve Bank of India, the payment is taken as final and irrevocable. RTGS transfer system is available on all days of the year. The transaction charges have been capped by RBI. In the NEFT system, the transactions received up to a particular time are processed in batches. But in RTGS, the transactions are processed continuously on a transaction by transaction basis throughout the day. The remitting customer has to furnish the following information to a bank for initiating an RTGS remittance. Extreme care should be exercised in providing the account number of the beneficiary, as, during processing RTGS transactions, the credit will be given to the customer's account solely based on the account number provided in the RTGS remittance instruction. Under normal circumstances, the beneficiary branches are expected to receive the funds in real time as soon as funds are transferred by the remitting bank. The beneficiary bank must credit the beneficiary's account within 30 minutes of receiving the funds transfer message. While the customers do not have the facility to track an RTGS transaction, the RBI has implemented the feature of positive confirmation. Under this, the remitting bank would receive a message from RBI, through the beneficiary bank, that the money has been credited to the beneficiary bank/customer account. Based on this, the remitting bank should advise the remitting customer that money has been credited to the receiving bank's beneficiary account. In case of non-credit or delay in credit to the beneficiary account, the customer can contact his or her bank. If the issue is not resolved satisfactorily, a complaint can be lodged with the RBI, giving the Unique Transaction Reference (UTR) number, which is a 22 character code used to uniquely identify a transaction in the RTGS system. Watch video

The government's plan to mop up over ₹60,000 crore by selling 5% stake of Life Insurance Corporation this financial year seems to have hit a roadblock. War in Ukraine has destabilised the markets, reportedly forcing policy makers to delay the IPO of insurance behemoth LIC. What are the implications of this delay? After India's top insurer, let us find out what the country's largest lender, the State Bank of India, is upto. The bank is revamping its mobile application to turn to a complete digital bank --- which will be named ‘Only Yono'. HDFC Bank, too, is working on a similar plan. What it means for future for banking?   After the digital banks, let us move on to markets. The ongoing buyback by Tata Consultancy Services has seen record participation, with investors tendering nearly three million shares on the fourth day. Of this, retail investors have tendered up to 1.9 million shares. So, what's driving investors towards the IT giant's buyback drive and should you tender your shares too?  Advancement in technology has made financial transactions safer -- including those happening for markets. Real Time Gross Settlement or RTGS system is one such example. Introduction of RTGS has cut short the risk to high-value payment settlements among financial institutions. This system is increasingly being used by central banks worldwide. Let us know more about it in this episode of the podcast.  Watch video

We talk atomic rockets and nuclear power sources (RTGs) in space. In "The Martian," Watney used a surplus Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator to heat his rover but real spacecraft, like the Galileo and Cassini probes to Jupiter and Saturn, have used nuclear isotopes to power their vast arrays of instruments. And, the amazing Voyager spacecraft still talk to us from beyond the solar system powered by a small plutonium pellet.  Then we warp into the amazing world of atomic rocket engines or Nuclear Thermal Rockets. In old sci-fi movies, everything cool was atomic and rockets were no exception. But did you know that America and the Soviet Union experimented with fission-reactor rockets, with the US actually testing a fission-powered rocket in Nevada for over 90 minutes? And now, they are back, promising to cut travel times to Mars and beyond. Join Rod Pyle and Space.com's Tariq Malik for atomic rockets! We also talk about the war in Ukraine and if Starlink can help connect a besieged country. Plus, that wayward rocket finally hit the moon. Hosts: Rod Pyle and Tariq Malik Download or subscribe to this show at https://twit.tv/shows/this-week-in-space. Get episodes ad-free with Club TWiT at https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: Blueland.com/SPACE itpro.tv/twit promo code TWIT30

We talk atomic rockets and nuclear power sources (RTGs) in space. In "The Martian," Watney used a surplus Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator to heat his rover but real spacecraft, like the Galileo and Cassini probes to Jupiter and Saturn, have used nuclear isotopes to power their vast arrays of instruments. And, the amazing Voyager spacecraft still talk to us from beyond the solar system powered by a small plutonium pellet.  Then we warp into the amazing world of atomic rocket engines or Nuclear Thermal Rockets. In old sci-fi movies, everything cool was atomic and rockets were no exception. But did you know that America and the Soviet Union experimented with fission-reactor rockets, with the US actually testing a fission-powered rocket in Nevada for over 90 minutes? And now, they are back, promising to cut travel times to Mars and beyond. Join Rod Pyle and Space.com's Tariq Malik for atomic rockets! We also talk about the war in Ukraine and if Starlink can help connect a besieged country. Plus, that wayward rocket finally hit the moon. Hosts: Rod Pyle and Tariq Malik Download or subscribe to this show at https://twit.tv/shows/this-week-in-space. Get episodes ad-free with Club TWiT at https://twit.tv/clubtwit Sponsors: Blueland.com/SPACE itpro.tv/twit promo code TWIT30

recorded on 03FEB2022 Welcome aboard Flight 101 of the Squawk Ident Podcast - Off Schedule Operations On today's flight Rob D, Kyle J. and I discuss the off schedule operations we each find ourselves in during winter storm Landon. We discuss booking our own hotels, RTGs, checklist usage, uncomfortable crew members, future aircraft orders, the potential for age 65 changes, and informational picketing. We look forward to having you join us today as we prepare to depart on Flight 101 of the Squawk Ident podcast. references: Winter Storm Landon 2022 - the Weather Channel chapters: [02:02] Kyle J. intro [04:21] Rob D. intro [05:45] Wx, RTGs, and Outside Factors [36:00] Book Yourself a Room and Transportation [40:46] intermission [42:05] Future Aircraft Orders [54:20] Checklist Usage [1:26:00] Age 65 extensions? Thank You for Listening! Don't forget to Follow, Like, Subscribe, and Share Please visit Av8rtony.com for more show content, audio archives, cover art, Squawk Ident gear, audio feedback, and more. Original music & cover art by Av8rTony and produced at Av8r Sound Studios of Southern California. Facebook, Instagram, Twitter & YouTube user just search Squawk Ident Podcast Copyright © Squawk Ident 2022, All Rights Reserved Copyright © Av8r Sound Studios 2022, All Rights Reserved Squawk Ident by Av8rTony is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - 4.0 International License --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/squawkident/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/squawkident/support

Recorded on July 13th, 2021 On Flight 83 of the Squawk Ident podcast we explore the recent controversy with a new FAA policy that limits for compensation in aircraft that hold special airworthiness certificates, including limited, experimental and primary category aircraft. We discuss how an FAA Drone advisory committee has recommended that airlines replace sexist terms with more gender neutral ones. Are Masks going away? The federal mask mandate is set to expire in September, how will that affect our operations here in the US? We also look at the mystery of why a 46 year old Rhoades Express B737-200 cargo aircraft, (operating as Transair Flight 810) ditched off the coast of Honolulu on July 2nd, 2021. We also take a look back at Pan Am 6 and its skipper Captain Richard Ogg. references: FAA Limits For Hire on certain aircraft FAA Plans to Remove Sexist Terms Federal Mask Mandate Set to Expire TransAir 810 Pan Am 6 chapters: [10:56] Now Hiring! [15:10] New Average Weights cause RTGs [26:10] Rob Passed his Systems Test! [27:55] FAA Limits For Hire in Special Airworthiness Certified Aircraft (link) [35:48] High-Altitude Endorsements (link) [39:05] FAA plans to get Woke (link) [1:01:45] Intermission [1:04:46] Federal Mask Mandate Set to Expire [1:12:02] TransAir 810 Ditching (link) (Live ATC) [1:47:50] Pan Am Flight 6 Thank You for Listening! Don't forget to Follow, Like, Subscribe, and Share Please visit Av8rtony.com for more show content, audio archives, cover art, Squawk Ident gear, audio feedback, and more. Intro and transition music & cover art by Av8rTony and produced at Av8r Sound Studios of Southern California. *some background music by: Feather Duster by Shane Ivers - www.silvermansound.com *other background royalty free/copyright free use Facebook, Instagram, Twitter & YouTube user just search Squawk Ident Podcast Copyright © Squawk Ident 2021, All Rights Reserved Copyright © Av8r Sound Studios 2021, All Rights Reserved Squawk Ident by Av8rTony is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution - 4.0 International License --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/squawkident/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/squawkident/support

In this episode, Archie Moyo starts off with the Simbisa Brands and Fastjet partnership that will improve the way you pay for your plane ticket. Meikles Delisting further We know the Meikles group has already announced that the plan to delist Tanganda tea this year but there's a possibility that they will be delisting further and possibly freeing the Hotel space. This is obviously a curious move after the sale of the flagship Meikles Hotel for USD $20M last year. Still...hands up if you are buying into Tanganda on day 1. Padenga Holdings Delisting Okay, a lot of delisting news this week, but this is good delisting news. How? Well, when you can wake up with RTGS shares now valued in USD it's a good type of delisting. We also get to celebrate the second ever listing on the VFEX. Also, I am really looking for people to have on the show who know more about the stock exchange than me so we can hear their thoughts, pick their brains and turn their comments into an EFT. No seriously, we just want to learn more, and quicker. All this on the journey of continuously improving ourselves #kaizenYOU Listen to other episodes on ZSE investing: https://iono.fm/e/1068446 https://iono.fm/e/1038381 Sources: https://www.263chat.com/zse-halts-trading-of-padenga-shares-ahead-of-vfex-switchover/ https://www.263chat.com/meikles-to-unbundle-more-properties/ https://www.263chat.com/fastjet-simbisa-brands-partner-in-airline-payment-system/

In this episode, we're going Under the Hood and getting a little more niche, focusing specifically on the payments space and the new innovation and technology shaking things up there. To join Simon Taylor and Sankaet Pathak on this journey, we’re joined by some excellent guests. Nick Ogden, founder of Worldpay, Clearbank and now RTGS global, Craig Lewis, founder and CEO of Gig Wage. If you liked this podcast please subscribe to get all the latest episodes as soon as they’re released, tell your friends and colleagues about it, spread the word and pass the podcast along! Find out more about the show at @11FS (https://twitter.com/11FS)and @Synapsefi (https://twitter.com/synapsefi) Special Guests: Craig Lewis and Nick Ogden.

A Global Phenom Realtime Retail Payments (RTRP) systems are a global phenomenon. These systems exist or will soon in over 50 countries around the world. Some have been in operation for decades. The UK’s Faster Payments system, operated by Mastercard’s Vocalink unit, has been in operation for over ten years. Still others are still in the design stage. These account-to-account systems (A2A) have gained in regulator popularity because: They are fast. The receiver has near instant availability They are push payment systems. Transactions don’t take place unless the sender has enough money to fund the transaction. In other words, authorization takes place before the transaction User authentication is up to the financial institution These systems operate year round, 24x7 They are inexpensive. Transaction pricing is fixed, regardless of the value of the payment itself They have rich data carrying capability Some include a new message type called Request for Payment, essentially a digital invoice message that prompts the payer to send money and smooths account reconciliation. Still New to the US Most Americans still have no idea there’s a new national payment system in operation. Or that a similar one will begin operation in a few years. Wallets like Venmo and the Cash App abound. But an entirely new set of payment rails? That happens once in a generation. Some of those Americans, on the other hand, may have experienced what a system like this can do. Zelle is a fast push payment system that moves money between banks accounts. But Zelle is more of a directory-enabled messaging layer. The money movement between banks relies on older payment rails like ACH and wires. New Age messaging and user experience; old fashioned settlement. Key RTP Characteristics Payments geeks, like Payments on Fire® listeners, know that the Real Time Payments Network takes a different approach. Operated by bank processor, The Clearing House, the RTP Network leaves management of the user experience and the use case up to the bank, the processor, or the provider serving a particular industry. The RTP Network provides: The messaging between the sender and the receiver and each of their banks Nearly instant availability of the funds into the receiver’s account (by network rule) 24/7/365 operation (ACH and wires take a break after working hours) Instant settlement between the sending and receiving financial institutions In short: the RTP Network provides the plumbing and pipes. What it looks like and how it’s used is up to another stakeholder. Members of the network are financial institutions who either expose the RTP rails themselves or sponsor third party access so that those entities can make use of them. Nothing groundbreaking there. An RTRP with RTGS One of the impressive features of the RTP Network is that interbank settlement, the movement of funds between the sender and receiver banks, happens in realtime. The two banks settle their positions instantly. Settlement happens in realtime for every transaction. That’s what a realtime gross settlement (RTGS) does. Contrast that with a system like Zelle that provides instant messaging among the stakeholders but typically leaves the final movement of monies between banks to an overnight batch process via ACH. And this is net, not gross, settlement. The amount includes all of the day’s transactions. The RTP network achieves its RTGS capabilities using the following technique: RTP requires each member financial institution to pre-fund monies sufficient to handle its transactions. The money to operate the system has to be in place ahead of time. This eliminates settlement risk between the banks Each FI’s monies are pooled in a single pooled account, owned in common by the RTP Network’s member financial institutions. This pooled account is held at the the Federal Reserve The Clearing House maintains a ledger that tracks every transaction, that debits and credits FI pairs in realtime for each transaction Each Member FI is responsible for making sure it has enough funds to cover each of the transactions initiated by its accountholders. Each FI uses another open loop payment system, FedWire, to move monies into and out of its share of the pooled account as needed. A Maturing System That’s a lot of background to help US contrast this system against the other four mostly digital systems in the U.S. (If you’re not clear on that, join us for the best in payments education at a Glenbrook Payments Boot Camp®) The RTP Network is in its fifth year of operation. In this Payments on Fire® episode, Steve Ledford updates us on: The growth in member financial institutions The growth in transaction volume The expanding set of use cases Who is using the RTP Network How COVID-19 accelerated usage in new use cases So, take a listen. Here’s Steve talking about those new COVID-driven use cases. For a snapshot of how the faster payments phenomenon is growing in the U.S. here is the 2020 Faster Payments Barometer. Read the episode transcript Find more podcasts, visit Glenbrook's Payments on Fire® site Read expert payments industry commentary at Payments Views. Read the latest at Payments News. Subscribe here. Read our COVID-19 Payments Industry eBook

Between various office moves, company growth and of course, the pandemic, 4+ years and 500 episodes has whizzed by. In honour of the momentous occasion, David Brear, Simon Taylor and Jason Bates have come back together to look back on the biggest fintech and financial services topics from our time in your podcast feed. We take a trip down memory lane and revisit some of our key episodes and catch up with some of our favourite guests. Joining us for this special episode are: * Anna Irrera - Chief Correspondent at Reuters * Jack Gavigan - Executive Director at the Zcash Foundation * Nick Ogden - Founder of RTGS.Global and Clear Bank * Sam Maule - Key Account Executive at Google This podcast is brought to you by Jack Henry Digital (https://hubs.ly/H0w__kt0) the pioneer and creator of personal digital banking that helps community financial institutions strategically differentiate their digital offerings from those of MegaBanks, BigTechs and FinTechs. This podcast is also brought to you by Mitek (https://bit.ly/3bAy2HL)(NASDAQ: MITK). Mitek is a global leader in mobile capture and digital identity verification solutions built on the latest advancements in computer vision, artificial intelligence and machine learning. Mitek’s identity verification solutions enable an enterprise to verify a user’s identity during a digital transaction, which assists businesses operating in highly regulated markets to reduce financial risk and meet regulatory requirements while increasing revenue from digital channels. Financial services, marketplaces and other organizations around the world use Mitek to reduce friction creating the digital experiences their customers expect. Mobile Deposit® and Mobile Verify® are used by millions of consumers for check deposit, new account opening and more. The company is based in San Diego with offices in New York, London, Amsterdam, Barcelona, Paris and St Petersburg. Learn more at www.miteksystems.com. Banking as a Service is deconstructing the banking stack. It's enabling brands to embed finance more easily, and to tailor financial products to specific customer needs. This is presenting new opportunities for specialised providers and offers banks extra revenue streams. Download our report for a comprehensive, no BS view of what Banking as a Service is and what it means for the industry. Head to bit.ly/bankingasaservice (https://bit.ly/bankingasaservice). Fintech Insider by 11:FS is a podcast dedicated to all things fintech, banking, technology and financial services. Hosted by a rotation of 11:FS experts including David Brear, Simon Taylor, Jason Bates and Sarah Kocianski and joined by a range of brilliant guests, we cover the latest global news, bring you interviews from industry experts or take a deep dive into subject matters such as APIs, AI or digital banking. If you enjoyed this episode, don't forget to subscribe and please leave a review Follow us on Twitter: www.twitter.com/fintechinsiders where you can ask the hosts questions, alternatively email podcasts@11fs.com! Special Guests: Anna Irrera, Jack Gavigan , Nick Ogden, and Sam Maule.

Andrew's career journey started after graduating from a Computer Science degree, moving straight into a junior software development role with an IT Consultancy. Throughout his career, Andrew has been lucky enough to work as firstly a software developer, but then later as an Enterprise Technical Architect on many leading edge projects for "blue chip" organisations. Andrew's experience in IT ranges across primarily banking, finance, insurance and telecommunications industries, while also incorporating projects with a number of disruptive SMEs. More recently he has acted as CTO and Managing Director for FinTech disruptive start-ups and have provided CTO consultancy services to a select number of financial institutions. Andrew is one of three founding members of RTGS Limited, owner and operator of the RTGS.global cross-border liquidity network. As CTO, his role is to design and build out the RTGS.global platform, network and its capabilities. This includes their unique and patent pending liquidity lock and block capabilities. Previous to this he was Head of CBX at ClearBank, focussing on delivering innovation for ClearBanks Banking-as-a-Service proposition. During the podcast episode, we spoke about his new venture RTGS.global, some of the tech challenges when building ClearBank, including gaining the trust of the customers, especially when deciding to build the business in the cloud back in 2015.

Saurabh Mittal, CFP speaks on Radio 98.3 FM with Hrishi Kay. They talk about personal finances. The topics covered are the pain points of investors. Their conversations are description of the problem and finally the recommendations by Saurabh Mittal on how that can be resolved. The target group of this podcasts are those who manage their money and want to plan for their future financial goals.

India remembered the martyrs of the 2001 parliament attack. On this day in 2001, terrorists from the Lashkar-e-Taiba and the Jaish-e-Mohammed attacked the seat of India's democracy. Five Delhi Police personnel, a woman Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) trooper and two Parliament Watch and Ward Staff died taking on the terrorists. A gardener and a photojournalist were also killed. PM Modi, President Ram Nath Kovind, Vice President M Venkaiah Naidu, Defence Minister Rajnath Singh and Union Home Minister Amit Shah paid tributes to the security personnel who laid down their lives in the 2001 parliament terror attack At a ceremony at the Parliament complex, Vice President and Rajya Sabha Chairperson M Venkaiah Naidu, Speaker Om Birla, Union Ministers and many Opposition party leaders paid their respects to those who lost their lives in this terrorist attack. India's active COVID-19 caseload has fallen to 3.62 per cent of the total cases, according to the Union Health Ministry. India's active caseload stands at 3,56,546 as on date.30,254 persons were found to be COVID-19 positive in the country over the last 24 hours, 33,136 new recoveries were registered during the same period. Real-Time Gross Settlement System (RTGS) will be made available round the clock on all days from December 14, 2020. This comes under a year of Reserve Bank making NEFT 24x7Transactions of a minimum of Rs 2 lakh or more can be done via RTGS with no maximum ceiling --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/business-line/message

Real-Time Gross Settlement (RTGS), is one more option that comes into the picture for online money transfer with the bank account. It is called real-time gross settlement because the transfer happens in real-time and the settlement is not done in batches but on a one by one basis. Currently, the RTGS enabled bank branches in India are up to 1,40,000.

NEFT, RTGS, and IMPS are all very important and play a vital role not only in the business world but also in the daily routine of life. It solves those old school problems of forgetting wallets at home and then becoming blank about how to make payments.

Season 2 beginnt direkt mit Gästen! Schon länger geplant, nun sind die Jungs von unmuted (gibt's auch auf Spotify!) zu Gast auf der Ersatzbank. Caspar und Yannic sprechen in dieser Folge mit Mo und Mero über Road to Glorys, Tim Latka und Elias Nerlich, die RTG-Auswirkungen auf die Profi-Szene und den Zustand der Esport-Szene. Eine Stunde Diskussion über FIFA 21 und was momentan passiert. Zum unmuted-Podcast: https://www.funk.net/channel/unmuted-esportspodcast-12087/fifa-21-eligella-im-herthashop-beliebter-als-die-profis-23-unmuted-esportspodcast-1712993

Our expert hosts, Sam Maule and Sarah Kocianski, are joined by some great guests to talk about the most notable fintech, financial services and banking news from the past week. This week's guests include: Andrew Smith, Co-founder RTGS Global Joe Bloemendaal - VP, head of Sales & BD at Mitek Systems EMEA We cover the following stories from the fintech and financial services space: RTGS Global rolls out stage 1 of liquidity visibility network in collab with Microsoft (02:11) Banks work with fintechs to counter ‘deepfake’ fraud (20:40) Female-managed US funds outperform all-male rivals (32:17) US Fintech Jiko buys a bank (40:44) Starling follows Monzo with new charging structure and launches children’s card offering. We also hear from Alexandra Frean, Head of Corporate Affairs, Starling Bank (48:24) Paypal terminates accounts linked to a Russian anti-Western influence operation (1:04:40) This podcast is brought to you by Jack Henry Digital (https://hubs.ly/H0w__kt0) the pioneer and creator of personal digital banking that helps community financial institutions strategically differentiate their digital offerings from those of MegaBanks, BigTechs and FinTechs. _ This podcast is also brought to you by Mitek (https://bit.ly/2VXQy3o)(NASDAQ: MITK). Mitek is a global leader in mobile capture and digital identity verification solutions built on the latest advancements in computer vision, artificial intelligence and machine learning. Mitek’s identity verification solutions enable an enterprise to verify a user’s identity during a digital transaction, which assists businesses operating in highly regulated markets to reduce financial risk and meet regulatory requirements while increasing revenue from digital channels. Financial services, marketplaces and other organizations around the world use Mitek to reduce friction creating the digital experiences their customers expect. Mobile Deposit® and Mobile Verify® are used by millions of consumers for check deposit, new account opening and more. The company is based in San Diego with offices in New York, London, Amsterdam, Barcelona, Paris and St Petersburg. Learn more at www.miteksystems.com. Banking as a Service is deconstructing the banking stack. It's enabling brands to embed finance more easily, and to tailor financial products to specific customer needs. This is presenting new opportunities for specialised providers and offers banks extra revenue streams. Download our report for a comprehensive, no BS view of what Banking as a Service is and what it means for the industry. Head to bit.ly/bankingasaservice. Fintech Insider by 11:FS is a podcast dedicated to all things fintech, banking, technology and financial services. Hosted by a rotation of 11:FS experts including David Brear, Simon Taylor, Jason Bates and Sarah Kocianski and joined by a range of brilliant guests, we cover the latest global news, bring you interviews from industry experts or take a deep dive into subject matters such as APIs, AI or digital banking. If you enjoyed this episode, don't forget to subscribe and please leave a review Follow us on Twitter: www.twitter.com/fintechinsiders where you can ask the hosts questions, alternatively email podcasts@11fs.com! Special Guests: Andrew Smith and Joe Bloemendaal.

In today's daily round-up of export, trade and commodity finance news, TXF's Max Thompson covers the latest stories and trends across the market: Evolving challenges keep Jim Cruse at US Ex-Im for 50 years and counting Sucafina expands in North America with new hires Cross-border liquidity network RTGS Global has launched stage one of its operational rollout Like what you hear? Hit subscribe to stay up to date and for all the latest news online visit www.txfnews.com today.

Spaceflight news— Lucy on track for 2021 launch (americaspace.com)— Rocket Lab increases performance (spacenews.com) (PDF: rocketlabusa.com)— NASA to coordinate smallsat rideshares (spacenews.com)— Heat management becomes a new bottleneck in the smallsat era (spacenews.com)Short & Sweet— Dragon’s first commercial crew mission (spacenews.com)— A new industry seeks standardization (spacenews.com)— Ingenuity recharges its batteries on its trip to Mars (phys.org)Questions, comments, corrections— “Fun paper Friday” (HT Andrew Z: frontiersin.org) — ROSCOSMOS’ Chibis suit (blogs.nasa.gov)— Csaba via email: reactors vs. RTGs, the highest flying bird, and 1976 splashdown vs 1975.Interview -- Caty Pilachowski, Professor of Astronomy at Indiana University— WIYN Telescope (wikipedia.org)— IU Faculty profile (astro.indiana.edu)— twitter.com/iuastroThis week in SF history— 11 August 1962: Launch of Vostok 3 (russianspaceweb.com)— Next week in 2003: A flame-retardant spacecraft.

暗号資産（仮想通貨）・ブロックチェーンに特化した幻冬舎のメディア「あたらしい経済 https://www.neweconomy.jp/ 」がおくる、ラジオ番組です。毎日最新ニュース解説とコラムをお届けします。 ・プーチン大統領がロシア国内での暗号資産（仮想通貨）支払いを禁止する法案に署名 ・元中国人民銀行副総裁の王永利（ワン・ギョンリ）氏が「中央銀行デジタル通貨（CBDC）はさらなる金融システムの安定化に関する役割も担うべき」と発言 ・イングランド銀行がアクセンチュアを即時グロス決済（RTGS）サービスの技術パートナーに任命 ・JVCEAとJCBAが2021年度税制改正にあたり共同で要望書取りまとめ ・オタクコイン協会がオタク関連イベントに副賞として最大100万枚のオタクコインを無償付与するプログラム発表 ニュースの詳細や、アーカイブやその他の記事はこちらから https://www.neweconomy.jp/

RTGS is a critical piece of national infrastructure and the backbone of UK payments. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/cryptoceej/support

Join Ripple SVP of Customer Success Marcus Treacher and Z/Yen Chairman Michael Mainelli on a wide-ranging discussion of how payments are changing - recent innovations including blockchain, geopolitical happenings and evolving trends for both wholesale and retail payments. Speaker: Marcus Treacher is SVP of Customer Success at Ripple. Marcus has over 30 years of experience in transaction banking and payments technology, including 12 years in global leadership roles at HSBC. He served as a member of the Global Board of SWIFT from 2010 to 2016. Prior to joining Ripple Marcus was HSBC's Global Head of Payments Innovation, applying emerging fintech to solve customer challenges in digital payments, trade and supply chain. Prior to HSBC, he held leadership positions at Citigroup and Accenture. Marcus also works with industry communities, organizations and governments to help shape new payment practices. He chaired SWIFT's global advisory body for corporates from 2010 to 2016 and is an independent non-executive director of CHAPS Co, the UK's RTGS clearing company, where he chairs the CHAPS Security committee & User Group. Interested in watching our webinars live, or taking part in the production of our research? Join our community at: https://bit.ly/3sXPpb5

“You don’t pivot, you refine”This week we were delighted to be joined by noted entrepreneur and inventor of e-commerce, Nick OgdenFrom building the first online shop in 1994, Nick has since founded 4 businesses - Worldpay, Cashflows, Clearbank and RTGS.Nick spoke fascinatingly about his entrepreneurial genesis on the Channel Islands and pitching his first idea to Sony executives in Japan, to founding Clearbank - who became the first clearing bank in the U.K. for 250 years.With many multiples of industry accreditation’s and awards to his name - Nick is a true giant of global entrepreneurship

After three weeks of listening, recording and talking bitcoin (BTC) in Africa, podcaster Anita Posch is back in part 3 of her six-part documentary podcast series. In the first and second part of this six-part series you heard about the difficult living situation, the hyperinflation and about the multi-currency world that Zimbabweans have to live with since many years. In this - the third part - you will hear from two early bitcoin (BTC) adopters based in Harare. We speak about the different use cases for bitcoin, how it can be exchanged to U.S. dollar and RTGS [the Zimbabwe dollar], what the obstacles and pros are, about regulation and what the two online entrepreneurs want to tell people outside of Africa.In the third part of the six-part series about Bitcoin in Africa you will hear from two early bitcoin adopters based in Harare. Anita speaks with them about the different use-cases for bitcoin, how it can be exchanged to US Dollar and RTGS, what the obstacles and pros are, about regulation and what the two online entrepreneurs want to tell people outside of Africa.After the interviews Anita answers a listener's question about the possibilities for rural communities to use bitcoin.

In the third part of the six-part series about Bitcoin in Africa you will hear from two early bitcoin adopters based in Harare. We speak about * the different usecases for bitcoin, * how it can be exchanged to US Dollar and RTGS, * what the obstacles and pros are, * about regulation and * what the two online entrepreneurs want to tell people outside of Africa. After the two interviews I will answer a listener's question about the possibilities for rural communities to use bitcoin. Full transcript and record your question: https://bitcoinundco.com/en/africa3/ Other relevant episodes: Part 1 Zimbabwe: Ideal Conditions for Bitcoin? https://bitcoinundco.com/en/africa1/ Part 2 Zimbabwe: Living in a Multi-Currency World https://bitcoinundco.com/en/africa2/ This episode is sponsored by https://localbitcoins.com/ a person-to-person bitcoin trading site, Coinfinity and the Card Wallet https://www.cardwallet.com/anita, SHIFT Cryptosecurity, manufacturer of the hardware wallet BitBox02 https://shiftcrypto.ch/bitbox02/, The What Bitcoin Did podcast https://whatbitcoindid.com/ and many thanks to several unknown private donors, who sent me Satoshis over the Lightning Network. This special is edited by CoinDesk’s Podcasts Editor Adam B. Levine and published first on the CoinDesk Podcast Network. Thank you very much for supporting the Bitcoin in Africa series with your work. Thanks goes also out to stakwork.com - stakwork is a great project that brings bitcoin into the world through earning. One can do microjobs on stakwork, earning Satoshis and cash them out without even having an understanding about the lightning network or bitcoin. I think we need more projects like that to spread the usage of bitcoin around the world. Thank you also to GoTenna https://gotenna.com/, for donating several GoTenna devices to set up a mesh network in Zimbabwe and to Team Satoshi https://teamsatoshi.org/, the decentralized sports team for supporting my work.

यस बैंक की सभी सेवाएं बुधवार से पहले की तरहशुरू हो जाएंगी. बैंक ने भरोसा दिलाया है कि हर एटीएम में कैश है और किसी कोघबराने की ज़रूरत नहीं. NEFT. RTGS, IMPS सेवाएंफिर से सुचारू हो जानेवाली हैं लेकिन फिर भी संकट के बादल पूरी तरह नहीं हटे हैं. निवेशकों और खाताधारकों के ज़हनमें सवालों का रेला है. प्रश्न है कि यस बैंक को आज तो सहारा मिल गया लेकिन क्याकभी वो बिना बैसाखी पहले की तरह चल सकेगा. इस विशेष पॉकास्ट में हर छोटे-बड़े सवाल का जवाब दिया है इंडिया टुडे हिंदी के संपादक अंशुमान तिवारी ने. उनसे सवाल पूछे नितिन ठाकुर ने.

In dieser Folge unterhalten sich Caspar und Philipp über das freche Winter Upgrade Event. Jede Menge aktuell Spieler werden unter die Lupe genommen. Selbstverständlich gibt es auch wieder einen entspannten Austausch, was aktuell in den einzelnen RTGs passiert. Vielen Dank fürs zuhören!

Simon Taylor is back this week to talk all things blockchain, Bitcoin and crypto. This week, with a special focus on central bank digital currencies, Simon was joined in the studio by Eric Van der Kleij, CEO of Frontier Network and Andrew Smith, CTO at RTGS. This week we kicked things off with a lively discussion about central bank digital currencies and the future of monetary policy if they go ahead. Should central banks issue digital currencies? China has already set the wheels in motion with the proposal of its digital yuan and it looks like other countries want to follow suit with their own. A lot can happen in a few weeks and in this episode, we continue to dig into the latest blockchain and crypto news including: Central banks are pursuing 'extensive work' on digital currencies, BIS researchers say (02:05) Bank of England to assess the potential for digital central bank currencies Japan’s central bank ‘must be prepared’ to issue digital currency, says deputy governor The National Banks of Cambodia to launch a digital payments network this quarter When will we see the digital dollar? ‘Crypto Dad’ says soon Hyperledger Fabric, the open-source distributed ledger, reaches release 2.0 (30:16) 3 more execs leave Swiss stock exchange’s $100M blockchain project (35:46) Ripple CEO hints at IPO says more crypto firms will go public in 2020 (31:38) The Tweet of the Week comes from @EricGraca about Bitpanda and Brexit. (49:32) Why not send us your best tweets? See if you can get a shout out on the show! Love fintech? Then sign up for our newsletter, Fintech in Five. A snack-sized selection of the week's biggest stories, longer reads, soundbites and more. Just visit this link to sign up! 11fs.com/newsletter If you enjoyed the show, don't forget to subscribe and leave a review! Want to join the conversation on all the topics discussed? Tweet the show at: www.twitter.com/bchaininsider Special Guests: Andrew Smith and Eric Van der Kleij.

To date, much of the innovation in the payments market has been at the user-interface level – in a sense, “digital lipstick” applied on top of existing legacy systems. But that approach has its limitations. And there is now growing demand for improvements to underlying payment systems to increase the speed and efficiency of value movements. In this two-part episode, Michael Voisin and Richard Hay discuss the limitations of legacy systems and drives to improve and replace them. This second part focuses on efforts to create parallel closed loop payment systems that do not rely on existing legacy infrastructure, such as so called “stablecoins” and central bank digital currencies.

To date, much of the innovation in the payments market has been at the user-interface level – in a sense, “digital lipstick” applied on top of existing legacy systems. But that approach has its limitations. And there is now growing demand for improvements to underlying payment systems to increase the speed and efficiency of value movements. In this two-part episode, Michael Voisin and Richard Hay discuss the limitations of legacy systems and drives to improve and replace them. This first part focuses on existing legacy systems and initiatives to alter and upgrade them.

On this weeks insights show, David Brear is hosting a live panel at the premiere of 11:Years, our documentary about the rise of UK fintech! Our fantastic panel consists of: Eric Van der Kleij - CEO and founder of Frontier network as well as the founder of Tech City UK (now Tech Nation) and Level 39 Ashok Vaswani - Global Head of Consumer Banking & Payments, Barclays - former APAC CEO at Citi Bank among other things Anne Boden - CEO and Founder of Starling Bank, former COO of AIB Nick Ogden - Founder of the brand new of RTGS.Global, founder of ClearBank and Worldpay and the father of e-commerce among many others! This live panel covers the following topics: The key take aways from the film Why London such a successful fintech ecosystem? How has the landscape changed with having new competitors? How can regulation enable development? How can the UK maintain its leading position? How can the UK help accelerate ecosystem around the world? Will the next 11 years move the dial for FiServ as much as the last 11? Check out our brand new documentary 11:YEARS - the Rise of UK Fintech now. Head over to 11years.film to watch for free, and share using #11YEARS. Fintech Insider by 11:FS is a podcast dedicated to all things fintech, banking, technology and financial services. Hosted by a rotation of 11:FS experts including David Brear, Simon Taylor, Jason Bates, Leda Glyptis and Sarah Kocianski and joined by a range of brilliant guests, we cover the latest global news, bring you interviews from industry experts or take a deep dive in subject matters such as APIs, AI or digital banking. If you enjoyed don't forget to subscribe and please leave a review Follow us on Twitter: www.twitter.com/fintechinsiders where you can ask the hosts questions, alternatively email podcasts@11fs.com! Special Guests: Anne Boden, Ashok Vaswani, Eric Van der Kleij, and Nick Ogden.

Like a phoenix that rises through the ashes of the fire you started to do your cooking because there was no ZESA, the 2 Broke Twimbos return with a brand new episode of the only podcast that will make you pay for someone else’s food. Dan & Phil take a look at the Buffalo Souljah and Shatta Wale “King of African Dancehall” beef, ZIMURA and artist royalties, Robert Marawa and his new online channel and a fun story about a date that ended in RTGS6.00 heartbreak. We also point a spotlight on Billy Chapata, a poet and author doing it big in Atlanta, Georgia in the US of A. Enjoy!Subscribe and listen to 2 Broke Twimbos everywhere podcasts are availableWebsiteiTunesSpotifyStitcherTuneInYouTubeRate and review to win movie tickets!Click here to donate to 2 Broke Twimbos

In this week's live QA episode, I tackled questions about the reality of returning astronauts to the Moon by 2024, the loss of dark skies, will we ever be able to shop for our own personal spacecraft, and more. 01:00 Our hiatus 04:40 Can we really return to the Moon by 2024? 09:05 Dark sky controversy 10:28 Is it hard to stay fascinated about astronomy? 13:44 Will space travel ever be like air travel? 15:49 Didn't Trump say they weren't going to the Moon any more? 17:54 Did extraterrestrial visited our planet in the past? 19:57 Where can you get my new poster? 20:55 What is the most important invention? 23:33 If I was captain of a starship, where would I go? 24:15 Any merch? 25:40 Will we shop for personal spacecraft? 27:05 Is something looking back at us? 27:50 When will Starlink be available? 30:05 Star Trek, Star Wars or Rick and Morty 30:48 What about space elevators? 34:07 Will space planes ever be viable? 35:36 Can't they use robots to fix Hubble? 37:41 Why aren't ion engines used more often? 40:32 Would I fly on Virgin Galactic? 41:20 Why don't nations work on Mars missions together? 42:55 What does the poster behind my head say? 43:00 Will solar power work on Mars? 45:06 Would capturing satellites be profitable? 47:00 Are there more efficient ways to land on Mars? 47:44 Could SpaceX be allowed mine an asteroid? 50:25 Has audio been recorded on another world? 52:13 No weapons of mass destruction in space 52:53 Could someone get the RTGs from the Voyagers to make a weapon? 53:27 Are the number of stars in the Milky Way increasing? 55:32 Will we be able to communicate faster than light? 56:17 What's the punishment for violating the Outerspace Treaty? 57:30 Wrap up Our Book is out! https://www.amazon.com/Universe-Today-Ultimate-Viewing-Cosmos/dp/1624145442/ Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Weekly Space Hangout: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC0-KklSGlCiJDwOPdR2EUcg/ Astronomy Cast: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUHI67dh9jEO2rvK--MdCSg Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Twitch: https://twitch.tv/fcain Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Instagram - https://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / frasercain@gmail.com Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - weber.chad@gmail.comSupport Universe Today Podcast

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) on Tuesday directed banks to withdraw the charges levied on the National Electronic Funds Transfer (NEFT) and Real-Time Gross Settlement (RTGS) transactions with effect from July 1. "The banks are advised to pass on the benefits to their customers for undertaking transactions using the RTGS and the NEFT systems with effect from July 1, 2019," said the RBI in a notification. The directive has been issued under Section 10 (2) read with Section 18 of the Payment and Settlement Systems Act 2007 (Act 51 of 2007). Listen to this podcast for more.

In this week's live QA episode, I tackled questions about the reality of returning astronauts to the Moon by 2024, the loss of dark skies, will we ever be able to shop for our own personal spacecraft, and more. 01:00 Our hiatus 04:40 Can we really return to the Moon by 2024? 09:05 Dark sky controversy 10:28 Is it hard to stay fascinated about astronomy? 13:44 Will space travel ever be like air travel? 15:49 Didn't Trump say they weren't going to the Moon any more? 17:54 Did extraterrestrial visited our planet in the past? 19:57 Where can you get my new poster? 20:55 What is the most important invention? 23:33 If I was captain of a starship, where would I go? 24:15 Any merch? 25:40 Will we shop for personal spacecraft? 27:05 Is something looking back at us? 27:50 When will Starlink be available? 30:05 Star Trek, Star Wars or Rick and Morty 30:48 What about space elevators? 34:07 Will space planes ever be viable? 35:36 Can't they use robots to fix Hubble? 37:41 Why aren't ion engines used more often? 40:32 Would I fly on Virgin Galactic? 41:20 Why don't nations work on Mars missions together? 42:55 What does the poster behind my head say? 43:00 Will solar power work on Mars? 45:06 Would capturing satellites be profitable? 47:00 Are there more efficient ways to land on Mars? 47:44 Could SpaceX be allowed mine an asteroid? 50:25 Has audio been recorded on another world? 52:13 No weapons of mass destruction in space 52:53 Could someone get the RTGs from the Voyagers to make a weapon? 53:27 Are the number of stars in the Milky Way increasing? 55:32 Will we be able to communicate faster than light? 56:17 What's the punishment for violating the Outerspace Treaty? 57:30 Wrap up Our Book is out! https://www.amazon.com/Universe-Today-Ultimate-Viewing-Cosmos/dp/1624145442/ Audio Podcast version: ITunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/universe-today-guide-to-space-audio/id794058155?mt=2 RSS: https://www.universetoday.com/audio What Fraser's Watching Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLbJ42wpShvmkjd428BcHcCEVWOjv7cJ1G Weekly email newsletter: https://www.universetoday.com/newsletter Weekly Space Hangout: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC0-KklSGlCiJDwOPdR2EUcg/ Astronomy Cast: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCUHI67dh9jEO2rvK--MdCSg Support us at: http://www.patreon.com/universetoday More stories at: http://www.universetoday.com/ Twitch: https://twitch.tv/fcain Follow us on Twitter: @universetoday Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/universetoday Instagram - https://instagram.com/universetoday Team: Fraser Cain - @fcain / frasercain@gmail.com Karla Thompson - @karlaii / https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEItkORQYd4Wf0TpgYI_1fw Chad Weber - weber.chad@gmail.com

That monstrosity of a "currency" still exists... but hey, we are all about the music

Payment Innovation Moves to the Core When we conduct our Glenbrook Payments Boot Camp, our first graphic illustrates the three essential steps in every transaction - initiation, funding, and completion. When looked at through the lens of of the past decade most innovation has been in initiation. Consider: Apple Pay, Google Pay, Venmo, QR codes. The list is long of ways to kick off a transaction. Funding is all about where the money comes from. Usually a bank account, often a wallet holding money. Some innovation there but not a great deal. There are only so many ways to store funds. Completion, the last step, is the most important to many participants as it’s when the transaction completes with the final movement of money. Five years ago, in those boot camps, I said that completion, also called settlement, is the innovation-resistant phase of a transaction. Today, everything has changed. In the U.S., we have new services such as Zelle and Venmo that appear to the end parties to deliver instant settlement. They may use card rails or bank rails like ACH to complete the transaction.  Two Forms of Settlement In this discussion with Glenbrook’s Carol Coye Benson, we look at two forms of settlement: end party settlement - for example, an employer paying an employee - and then Carol focuses on the nuanced world of interbank settlement. If you’ve heard the terms net settlement, gross settlement, or RTGS and wondered what they mean, take a listen.  Faster Payments and Settlement We also talk about the phenomenon of faster payments and the settlement techniques these systems employ. 40 countries around the world are in one stage or another of deploying faster payment systems that push money from bank account to bank account. It's already in the US via the Real Time Payments Network from The Clearing House and, perhaps, a competing service from the Federal Reserve. (To get an update on the Real Time Payment Network, listen to Episode 81 of Payments on Fire). These faster payment systems vary in their capabilities. Speed and data carrying capacity are just two variables. But we have seen that when a new payment system enters a market innovative offerings can flourish, provided access to that system is encouraged by rule, regulation, or both. However, that level of openness is not guaranteed. As Glenbrook have seen in our work around the world, some systems are essentially closed by market power or operating rules. These constraints limit the network effect's benefits of ubiquity, convenience and, often, cost. This is an ongoing challenge. In this age of fintech, banks are under pressure to innovate. As owners or participants in new systems, some may choose to limit access to their fancy new rails in an attempt to forestall competitive market entrants. Others will be “encouraged” by regulators to open up. Of course, end party choices will play a big role, provided there’s a choice available. The New Game Settlement has traditionally been led by major commercial banks or the central bank of each country. That model still holds. In some markets, including the U.S., we expect a push and pull for control between those two entities. Christine Lagarde, Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund, suggests such tensions may justify  the issuance by a nation's central bank of a fiat digital currency as a counterweight to the alternative control over payments by a concentrated set of banks and processors. Settlement innovation has created a competitive environment that did not exist before. It will be the interplay of rules, regulations, technical capabilities, end party value proposition, and market power that will determine the evolution of each country's settlement platform. In some, regulators will shape the outcome. In others, system access for fintechs and the "open banking" model will be a determinant. For all, cost effective access for end parties is critical. So much for thoughts of a static payments ecosystem. If you think of yourself as a payments geek or just want to get under the hood of how money really moves, Carol is a terrific guide.

By Guest Blogger, Nathan Edge This month Nathan Edge discusses the nature and operation of nuclear devices being used in unmanned space operations. As an aside, I can't believe I wasn't the first person to type into Google, "nuclear engine...USS Enterprise"?! Nathan provides links to sites for more information throughout the piece. Anyway, on with the article!-------------------------------------------------Nuclear power isn’t just applicable to terrestrial electricity generation; it has also been used in space travel since 1961 – whereby it is still a tremendous source of potential for propulsion mechanisms. Many well known space vehicles such as the deep space probes Voyagers 1 & 2 – which are over 18,000,000,000 and 15,000,000,000 km from Earth respectively – rely on nuclear power. It is even being used on NASA’s Curiosity Rover, which made a spectacular touchdown on Mars last year.Voyager 2. One of the most distant man-made objects in existence.The popularised spacecraft don’t actually use conventional nuclear reactors. Radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs) - which harness Plutonium-238 as fuel - are the primary propulsion source. These so-called “nuclear batteries” exploit the principle that plutonium undergoes alpha-decay to produce heat. This is subsequently converted in to electricity using thermoelectric generators. Since they have no moving parts, RTGs are very reliable; the RTG on Voyager 2 has worked continuously since 1977, and is expected to continue working until 2025.A general RTG configurationThis is not to say, however, traditional nuclear reactors have not also been used in space operations in the past … albeit with some serious modifications. For example, the Soviet RORSAT satellites used 90% enriched uranium fuel as a power source. The safety implications of using such a system in earth orbit are obvious, and any fears of utilising such a technology are not exactly unfounded. The nuclear-powered Cosmos 954 satellite, for instance, fell into Canada in 1978 after a systems failure, distributing radioactive debris over 124,000 square kilometres. Due to events like these, it is likely that any future reactors will be confined to deep space like RTGs. However, this does not mean that they will only be used for unmanned exploration probes. NASA has its eyes on a manned Mars mission, but traditional chemical rockets would take six to seven months to reach Mars. A 1MW fission reactor powering 100-400 kW electric ion thrusters would take 3 months, thus limiting the health degradation astronauts face on long space journeys.Modern RTGs are designed to survive the possible accidents which could befall it during operation, including propellant fires during launch and land/water impacts. Reassuringly, RTGs cannot explode like nuclear weapons: the plutonium associated with weapons is Pu-239, not Pu-238. A similar safety feature which has been specified for nuclear reactor propulsion tech is that they are not activated until they are confirmed to have reached space successfully. Ultimately, this is to ensure fission fragments and other components of nuclear waste are not present if failure occurs during launch. Space: The future of waste disposal?Lastly, when using an RTG some additional thought must be applied to the disposal of the spacecraft when they come to the end of their working life. This is not just a nuclear issue: it’s important not to disturb any areas which potentially harbour extraterrestrial life. For example the RTG-powered Galileo spacecraft was sent into Jupiter’s atmosphere and destroyed to stop it crashing into a potential ocean under Europa’s crust. The disposal of RTGs and future nuclear reactors actually touch on one of the more outlandish proposals for dealing with nuclear waste: firing it out of the solar system.In short, the space and nuclear industry have a surprising legacy: nuclear power has already been used successfully for near-earth and deep space missions in the past, and its use has continued into the cutting edge-missions of today. Only time will tell whether or not it is the key to future exploration, both manned and unmanned, into our universe.DOCUMENT LINKS (IN ORDER OF APPEARANCE)NASA, 2013 Where are the Voyagers? [online]. Available at: http://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/where/index.html[Accessed 02/02/2013]Atmos, J. 2012. Curiosity rover made near-perfect landing [online]. Available at: http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-19219782[Accessed 02/02/2013]Snyder, G.J. Small Thermoelectric Generators [pdf]. Available at: http://www.electrochem.org/dl/interface/fal/fal08/fal08_p54-56.pdf[Accessed 02/02/2013]NASA, 2013. Voyager – Spacecraft Lifetime [online].Available at: http://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/spacecraft/spacecraftlife.html[Accessed 03/02/2013]Encyclopaedia of Science, 2013. RORSAT (Radar Ocean Reconnaissance Satellite [online]. Available at: http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/R/RORSAT.html[Accessed 03/02/2013]HackCanada, 2013. Cosmos 954 Satellite Crash [online]. Available at: http://www.hackcanada.com/canadian/other/cosmos954.html[Accessed 10/02/2013]King, L, 2012. Manned Mars mission still on track [online]. Available at: http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/tech/story/2012/09/12/manned-mars-mission-still-on-track/57767950/1[Accessed 11/02/2013]Rousseau, I.M. 2007. Analysis of a High Temperature Supercritical Brayton Cycle for Space Exploration [pdf]. Available at: http://web.mit.edu/rsi/www/pdfs/papers/2005/2005-ianr.pdf[Accessed 01/10/2012]Discovery, 2013. Known effects of long-term space flights on the human body [online]. Available at: http://www.racetomars.ca/mars/article_effects.jsp[Accessed 10/02/2013].US Department of Energy, 1982. Nuclear Safety Criteria and Specifications for Space Nuclear Reactors [pdf]. Available at: http://www.fas.org/nuke/space/osnp-1.pdf[Accessed 20/02/2013].NASA, 2013. Solar system exploration  -Galileo Legacy Site [online]. Available at: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/galileo/[Accessed 21/02/2013].The Space Review, 2013. Nuclear waste in space? [online]. Available at: http://www.thespacereview.com/article/437/1[Accessed 22/02/2013]IMAGESSpace Today Online, 2011. Voyagers are leaving the Solar System [online]. Available at: http://www.spacetoday.org/SolSys/Voyagers20years.html[Accessed 02/02/2013].Wikipedia, Radioisotope thermoelectric generator [online]. Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioisotope_thermoelectric_generator[Accessed 02/02/2013]Gunter’s Space Page, 2013. US-A[online]. Available at: http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/us-a.htm[Accessed 05/02/2013]The Space Review, 2013. Nuclear waste in space? [online]. Available at: http://www.thespacereview.com/article/437/1[Accessed 22/02/2013]