Podcast appearances and mentions of james oglethorpe

GDP Script/ Top Stories for May 15th Publish Date: May 15th From the BG AD Group Studio Welcome to the Gwinnett Daily Post Podcast. Today is Thursday, May 15th and Happy birthday to George Brett I’m Peyton Spurlock and here are your top stories presented by KIA Mall of Georgia. Georgia cracks down on fentanyl trafficking, with new sentencing law Trip Elementary teacher fired, arrested for inappropriate contact with students NCG Cinema taking over former AMC theater in Snellville this summer Plus, Leah McGrath from Ingles Markets on grass fed beef All of this and more is coming up on the Gwinnett Daily Post podcast, and if you are looking for community news, we encourage you to listen daily and subscribe! Break 1: 07.14.22 KIA MOG STORY 1: Georgia cracks down on fentanyl trafficking, with new sentencing law Georgia Governor Brian Kemp signed the Fentanyl Eradication and Removal Act, imposing stricter penalties for fentanyl trafficking. The legislation mandates a minimum five-year sentence for trafficking as little as four grams. Fentanyl, 100 times more potent than morphine, is often found laced in drugs like Adderall and Xanax, posing lethal risks, especially to teenagers. Senator Russ Goodman, who introduced the bill, emphasized its urgency, sharing personal stories of lives lost to fentanyl in his community. Kemp signed the bill alongside 19 others, aiming to combat the drug's devastating impact. STORY 2: Trip Elementary teacher fired, arrested for inappropriate contact with students Brandon Hill, a former Trip Elementary School teacher, was arrested and charged with misdemeanor simple battery and felony first-degree cruelty to children for allegedly inappropriate conduct with students in March. Hill, 29, was removed from the classroom immediately after the allegations surfaced and is no longer employed by Gwinnett County Public Schools. Investigations by police, child services, and the district are ongoing, with details of the incidents redacted or withheld. Hill was released on a $6,000 bond with conditions prohibiting contact with students. STORY 3: NCG Cinema taking over former AMC theater in Snellville this summer The former AMC theater at Presidential Markets in Snellville is reopening in June under NCG Cinema. To prepare, NCG is hosting a job fair on May 30-31 from noon to 6 p.m. at the theater, hiring for part-time roles in management, floor staff, and housekeeping. Perks include flexible schedules, free movie passes, and a fun work environment. High school students seeking summer jobs are encouraged to apply. Applications can also be submitted online at NCG's website. We have opportunities for sponsors to get great engagement on these shows. Call 770.874.3200 for more info. We’ll be right back Break 2: STORY 4: Appellate court takes up mass voter eligibility challenges A federal appeals court heard arguments Tuesday on whether True the Vote's mass challenges to nearly 365,000 Georgia voters in 2020 constituted voter intimidation, particularly targeting minority voters. Fair Fight, a voting rights group, argued the challenges were frivolous and aimed to intimidate Black voters ahead of key Senate runoffs. True the Vote denied intent to intimidate, citing no direct voter contact. While a lower court ruled in True the Vote's favor in 2024, the judges questioned the group's motives, noting none of the challenges succeeded and criticizing their "reckless" methods. A decision is pending. STORY 5: Former Labor Commissioner Michael Thurmond discusses his book with Rotary Club of Gwinnett Michael Thurmond, former Georgia legislator and labor commissioner, spoke at the Gwinnett County Rotary Club about his book, *James Oglethorpe, Father of Georgia: A Founder’s Journey from Slave Trader to Abolitionist*. The book, 30 years in the making, explores Oglethorpe’s transformation from a slave trader to an abolitionist and his role as the first white man in North America to oppose slavery. Thurmond’s journey began in 1996 during a visit to Oglethorpe’s grave in England, where a plaque described him as “the friend of the oppressed negro.” The book highlights Oglethorpe’s evolution and his impact on history, emphasizing the power of personal change. Break 3: And now here is Leah McGrath from Ingles Markets on grass fed beef We’ll have closing comments after this Break 4: Ingles Markets 7 Signoff – Thanks again for hanging out with us on today’s Gwinnett Daily Post Podcast. If you enjoy these shows, we encourage you to check out our other offerings, like the Cherokee Tribune Ledger Podcast, the Marietta Daily Journal, or the Community Podcast for Rockdale Newton and Morgan Counties. Read more about all our stories and get other great content at www.gwinnettdailypost.com Did you know over 50% of Americans listen to podcasts weekly? Giving you important news about our community and telling great stories are what we do. Make sure you join us for our next episode and be sure to share this podcast on social media with your friends and family. Add us to your Alexa Flash Briefing or your Google Home Briefing and be sure to like, follow, and subscribe wherever you get your podcasts. 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Michael Thurmond, CEO of Dekalb County Georgia Discusses his book on James Oglethorpe the founder of Georgia. He highlights how Oglethorpe became an abolitionist and opposed slavery. Thurmond also gives interesting insight on other historical fact that are surprising and rarely mentioned.

It's picnic season, and if you thought ants were the most annoying uninvited guest you could face, have we got a story for you. On this episode: we learn why Georgia and Australia are basically the same thing; we'll learn why American freight and commuter trains make so many unscheduled stops; and we'll describe a situation where stop, drop and roll loses all meaning.Also, if you had been listening to this as a Patreon supporter, you would enjoy an additional 10 minutes where we discussed two other related disasters, including the deadliest case of mass curiosity in United States history; you would learn why we run like molasses in our nightmares; and you'd hear the tale of one man who has to be bound and drugged to keep him from jumping out of windows. This came as a request from a listener that I was happy to oblige. It's a terrible story, but one that reminds us that the shared experience of fear, loss, and uncertainty breaks down barriers that might have previously divided us. Trauma can bond and unite us in ways that ordinary life rarely does. Ironically, it's the thing that brings us all together on this show. On topic, almost half the bridges in the continental US have been treated worse than residents of seniors homes, so be careful out there. Celebrity guests include silk worm Utopiast, James Oglethorpe; colonial fairy godfather, King George II of England; political opinionist, Kanye West, and a very brief cameo from Jesus Christ.If the idea of getting episodes a little early and ad-free with ridiculously interesting extra material strikes you as a good thing, you can find out more at:www.patreon.com/funeralkazoo All older episodes can be found on any of your favorite channels Apple : https://tinyurl.com/5fnbumdw Spotify : https://tinyurl.com/73tb3uuw IHeartRadio : https://tinyurl.com/vwczpv5j Podchaser : https://tinyurl.com/263kda6w Stitcher : https://tinyurl.com/mcyxt6vw Google : https://tinyurl.com/3fjfxatt Spreaker : https://tinyurl.com/fm5y22su Podchaser : https://tinyurl.com/263kda6w RadioPublic : https://tinyurl.com/w67b4kec PocketCasts. : https://pca.st/ef1165v3 CastBox : https://tinyurl.com/4xjpptdr Breaker. : https://tinyurl.com/4cbpfayt Deezer. : https://tinyurl.com/5nmexvwt Follow us on the socials for moreFacebook : www.facebook.com/doomsdaypodcast Instagram : www.instagram.com/doomsdaypodcast Twitter : www.twitter.com/doomsdaypodcast If you like the idea of your podcast hosts wearing more than duct tape and bits of old Halloween costumes for clothes and can spare a buck or two, you can now buy me a coffee at www.buymeacoffee.com/doomsday or join the patreon at www.funeralkazoo.com/doomsday

We are heading stateside this week to discuss the founder of the State of Georgia.James Oglethorpe was a member of the upper classes, soldier, MP and murderer (though he didn't often put this last one on his CV). Despite coming from extreme privilege, James decided to dedicate his career in Parliament to trying to reform the conditions of the common man, both in the Royal Navy and in the prison system.It was only when his attempts to work within the parliamentary system hit a brick wall that James began thinking that things would be much easier if he was able to set up a society of his own. Where he could make the rules and ensure equality for all......and it just so happened that there was a space between Carolina and Florida that hadn't yet been settled.Guest Host: Pam Lotterle Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Hailed as one of the South's best food cities, Savannah, Georgia, is renowned as one of the nation's most popular destinations to celebrate St. Patrick's Day; the oldest and most haunted city in the state; the only city General William T. Sherman didn't burn on his March to the Sea; and the birthplace of Juliette Gordon Low, founder of the Girl Scouts. It's also where Forrest Gump and countless other movies have been filmed. But did you know Savannah is also the home of the original chicken finger and Georgia's smallest pie house and pub? With breathtaking coastal landscapes marked by ancient oaks, sweeping Spanish moss, cobblestone streets, and horse-drawn carriages, the Hostess City of the South is the third-busiest port in the nation, with a charming reputation for Southern hospitality and an eclectic personality as deep and wide as the Savannah River. Just as unique as founder James Oglethorpe's original downtown design of 24 squares, Savannah's ever-evolving food scene will surprise and delight, challenge and inspire, and most assuredly leave you hungry and thirsty for more. Which Irish pub do you visit to dance the night away and sing karaoke at the top of your lungs? What Mexican restaurant has the best Cinco de Mayo party and the largest tequila selection? Just how did The Olde Pink House & Tavern become pink? Where do you go to eat truly local Savannah seafood or to find Savannah-style barbecue? In Unique Eats and Eateries of Savannah, get the answers to these questions and meet the friendly faces behind the food with local author and Georgia native Rebekah Faulk Lingenfelser as your personal guide. WEB: www.RebekahLingenfelser.com ABOUT THE AUTHOR: Rebekah Faulk Lingenfelser is a five-star private chef, speaker, culinary TV personality, and author of the bestselling memoir, Some Kinda Good: Good Food and Good Company, That's What It's All About! Featured in Forbes, on Food Network, and on ABC, she is a Georgia Southern University alumna and an honors graduate of the Savannah Culinary Institute. A member of Georgia Grown and the Women's Food Alliance, where she serves on the advisory board of the coastal Georgia chapter, Rebekah has been the Statesboro Herald food columnist for more than a decade. She is a food contributor for Southern Soil, Discovering Bulloch, and Effingham Living magazines. Happily married into Savannah, she has called the Hostess City home for more than eight years. Connect with Rebekah by liking Some Kinda Good on Facebook, following @SKGFoodBlog on Instagram, or by visiting RebekahLingenfelser.com. ► Luxury Women Handbag Discounts: https://www.theofficialathena.... ► Become an Equus Coach®: https://equuscoach.com/?rfsn=7... ► For $5 in ride credit, download the Lyft app using my referral link: https://www.lyft.com/ici/ASH58... ► Review Us: https://itunes.apple.com/us/po... ► Subscribe: http://www.youtube.com/c/AshSa... ► Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/1lov... ► Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ashsa... ► Twitter: https://twitter.com/1loveAsh ► Blog: http://www.ashsaidit.com/blog #atlanta #ashsaidit #theashsaiditshow #ashblogsit #ashsaidit®Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-ash-said-it-show--1213325/support.

Stan's guest this week is DeKalb County CEO Michael Thurmond, who talks about his new book, James Oglethorpe, Father of Georgia: A Founder's Journey From Slave Trader to Abolitionist, published by the University of Georgia Press. Michael argues that Oglethorpe has never gotten credit for his pathbreaking efforts to keep slavery out of the Georgia ...Continue Reading »

On this week's Political Breakfast, we're joined by special guest, DeKalb County CEO Michael Thurmond, who is also an author and longtime historian!His new book is titled, 'James Oglethorpe: Father of Georgia, A founder's journey from slave trader to abolitionist.'It's been a decades-long journey for Thurmond.In 1996, he was part of a delegation that traveled to England to celebrate the 300th birthday of British native Oglethorpe, who founded the British colony of Georgia in 1733.Thurmond starts by telling host Lisa Rayam and strategists Brian Robinson and Tharon Johnson that the idea for the book struck while Thurmond explored the legacy of Georgia's founder at his grave in London.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

On the Thursday February 29th edition of Georgia Today: Today is Crossover Day at the State Capitol. we'll look at what that means for pending legislation before lawmakers; A bill to allow an opioid reversing drug in schools is moving forward after passage in the Senate; And a new book promises to shake up our understanding of the founder of Georgia. We'll talk to the author.

The immigration system has become so entangled with the criminal justice justice system to the point that detainment of families is leading to separation of children from parents. We have a long legacy of our systems of legality and enforcement evolving into greater and more extensive systems of control that no single individual could have predicted. Today that system is the Immigration Customs and Enforcement agency, an organization that has introduced wide scale electronic surveillance to accompany the incarceration and legal system. We must ask ourselves, do we want to live in a system of fear or hope. Enlightenment men such as William Penn of Pennsylvania and James Oglethorpe of Georgia, sought to create ideal societies where people no matter their status and ethnic background could leave freely and prosper. Unfortunately, greed, war, and propaganda led to the failure of these experiments in egalitarian liberty. We must reimagine our immigration system to match our ideals as a nation.

Welcome to the Instant Trivia podcast episode 1105, where we ask the best trivia on the Internet. Round 1. Category: They Don'T Live On Sesame Street 1: South African-born Ernie Els is a longtime standout performer in this pro sport. golf. 2: Bert wasn't a doctor, but Dr. Paul Bert made important studies of divers with decompression sickness, also known as this. the bends. 3: Accompanying him on his post-White House trek to the Amazon, Kermit was the second son of this U.S. president. Theodore Roosevelt. 4: Big birds of the world include the 6-foot, 30-pound Dalmatian variety of this avian with a large bill and an elastic throat pouch. a pelican. 5: The grandfather of this Broadway lyricist was a major impresario of Vaudeville and opera. Oscar Hammerstein. Round 2. Category: Yes, I'Ve Eton 1: He hopefully had a ball at Eton before going on to write "Thunderball". Fleming. 2: We know he revisited his "Brave New World" in 1958, but we don't know if he attended any Eton reunions. (Aldous) Huxley. 3: Marshall Field III, who had fun times at Eton, merged his Sun and Times papers in this city in 1948. Chicago. 4: James Oglethorpe went to Eton, did other stuff, then founded this colony in America. Georgia. 5: As a student at Eton, he did not have his own laptop computer, despite being second in line to the British throne. Prince William. Round 3. Category: Consumer Products 1: Released in 1956 as a "house and garden bug killer", it uses the ad line "Kills Bugs Dead". Raid. 2: In 1989 this shoemaker introduced The Pump, a hot-selling inflatable sports shoe. Reebok. 3: During WWII this 100% whole wheat breakfast cereal contained "12 Large Biscuits" in every box. Shredded Wheat. 4: Originally just an apple, this firm's trademark became one of the first used for textiles in 1871. Fruit of the Loom. 5: This all-purpose "Formula" for cleaning is named after the number of tries it took to get it right. Formula 409. Round 4. Category: Composers All Around 1: Music Tim Carleton wrote at age 16 was used by phone maker Cisco and has been heard by millions as this--your call is important to us. hold music. 2: A 1974 march for tuba by Luciano Michelini became the circusy-sounding theme to this HBO comedy. Curb Your Enthusiasm. 3: Known as "The Bong", the 5-note theme for this chip maker "Inside" a lot of computers was composed in 1994 by Walter Werzowa. Intel. 4: BJ Leiderman wrote themes for NPR programs like "Morning Edition" and this Saturday and Sunday counterpart. Weekend Edition. 5: Adam Schlesinger of this "Stacy's Mom" band also composed 157 songs for TV's "Crazy Ex-Girlfriend". Fountains of Wayne. Round 5. Category: How Inspirational 1: When your prom date leaves the dance without you, recall the proverb, this "heals all wounds". time. 2: This saint of Assisi said, "Where there is hatred, let me sow love... where there is despair, hope". Francis. 3: Thinking of his sins, poet Heinrich Heine said, "Of course" God will do this to "me; that's his business". forgive. 4: In 1903 Pope Pius X wrote, "Where justice is lacking there can be no hope of" this, pax in Latin. peace. 5: This "Candide" author helped popularize the saying, "The perfect is the enemy of the good". Voltaire. Thanks for listening! Come back tomorrow for more exciting trivia!Special thanks to https://blog.feedspot.com/trivia_podcasts/ AI Voices used

James Oglethorpe intended Georgia to be a center for producing silk, not cotton.  Today we look at past industries that are no longer with us- saddle trees, folding bathtubs, asbestos mining and the Toccoa Casket Company.   The Moving Through Georgia book is available on Amazon.   But they are dead - A look at mourning and notable burials in Northeast Georgia  

Fort Frederica National Monument welcomes you to a celebration of General James Oglethorpe's 327th birthday! In this episode, join Libba Beaucham, Director of Operations, as she speaks with Park Ranger Phil Officer and living history interpreter Richard Burke. Together, they'll delve into the rich history of the monument, explore educational opportunities, and provide event details. Fort Frederica National Monument has invited the Northeast Georgia History Center to participate in their special event this Saturday, December 16th celebrating James Oglethorpe's birthday. Visitors can meet members the History Center's interpretative team, Richard Burke and Nicole Castoreno, who portray James Oglethorpe and Mary Musgrove respectively for school groups and programs. Mark your calendars for Saturday, December 16th, from 10:00 am to 3:30 pm, and join us for this free, family-friendly event. Listen now at www.thenagainpodcast.com ! For further information, please visit: www.facebook.com/FortFredericaNPS

We discuss how James Oglethorpe bluffed the survival of the colony of Georgia and a single well timed lie.   

In this episode, we look at the life of James Oglethrope, the founder of the Georgia Colony, and the events that led up to the 1735 trip the Wesleys took to Georgia.You can find us online at www.historyofmethodism.com.You can support us online at patreon.com/historyofmethodism. 

Welcome to the Instant Trivia podcast episode 902, where we ask the best trivia on the Internet. Round 1. Category: see you in court 1: Deaths in its Pinto made it the first U.S. corporation to face criminal charges over product design. Ford. 2: The government sued Frank Snepp over his 1977 book based on his years with this agency. CIA. 3: Perhaps because no one could figure out what he'd been trying to do, Aaron Burr was acquitted of this in 1807. treason. 4: Carol Burnett's suit against the National Enquirer for this hinged on whether the Enquirer was really a newspaper. libel. 5: In 1977 the Supreme Court ruled that John Bates, in this profession, had the right to advertise low fees. lawyer/law. Round 2. Category: secret service code names 1: This vice president from Tenn. joked he was so dull, his code name was simply his name, but officially, he was "Sundance". Al Gore. 2: The Secret Service also protects foreign dignitaries; "Halo" was this late man's code name. Pope John Paul II. 3: A Baptist president:Deacon. Carter. 4: Eisenhower was Providence; oddly, this president was General. President Harry Truman. 5: A religious visitor:Halo. Pope John Paul II. Round 3. Category: noun to verb 1: One state of water; as a verb, it can mean to decorate a cake or to ensure a victory. ice. 2: From the French for "to cut", it can mean a small piece or the whole or to do careful work on your car. detail. 3: Natural event sometimes used as a verb; there's a form of it in Prissy's famous line in "Gone with the Wind". birth. 4: "Relatively" speaking, it means to exempt someone already in business from new regulation. grandfather. 5: When launched in 1998, it was just a noun; now it's a verb meaning to check up on somebody online. Google. Round 4. Category: name the james 1: "The Godfather of Soul". James Brown. 2: The fourth and fifth U.S. Presidents. James Madison and James Monroe. 3: Discovered the Hawaiian islands. (James) Cook. 4: Led the first bombing raid on Tokyo in World War II. James Doolittle. 5: Founded Savannah and the Georgia colony. James Oglethorpe. Round 5. Category: tv title pairs 1: Teri Hatcher and Dean Cain. "Lois and Clark". 2: Susan Saint James and Jane Curtin. "Kate and Allie". 3: NBC rebooted this sitcom whose title characters have the surnames Truman and Adler. Will and Grace. 4: Cop Billy Gardell and teacher Melissa McCarthy. Mike and Molly. 5: Streetwise cops Paul Michael Glaser and David Soul. Starsky and Hutch. Thanks for listening! Come back tomorrow for more exciting trivia! Special thanks to https://blog.feedspot.com/trivia_podcasts/

First, I lay out what the real landscape is and how to view it. Then DeKalb County Georgia CEO Michael Thurmond and historian talks about his new book, "James Oglethorpe," and look at race in America. And Kimberley Strassel on her book, "The Biden Malaise," and the comparison between this era and the 1970s. Finally, a great discussion with Justin Giboney, the way we need to get things solved...

James Oglethorpe was often criticized for concentrating too much on defending Savannah from the British and not dealing with the day-to-day problems of the colonists- but he turned out to be right.  This week a British captain has his ear cut off, and war is declared!   Well, there's more to it than that...    

Continuing the story of the Georgia colony!  

The colony becomes the King's property, and Oglethrorpe retires in England.

We're back!  This next series of episodes begins with James Oglethorpe and the founding of the Georgia colony.     If you don't do podcasts, the Moving Through Georgia book is available on Amazon.

In this episode, Marie time travels to chat with General James Oglethorpe about his founding the Georgia colony in 1733. Meet General Oglethorpe, portrayed by living history interpreter Richard Burke, during our New Gainesville Chautauqua program on Tuesday, June 13th at 7 PM at the Northeast Georgia History Center! Purchase your tickets for New Gainesville Chautauqua at: negahc.charityproud.org/EventRegistration/Index/12249 Find out more at http://www.thenagainpodcast.com This podcast is powered by Pinecast.

Welcome to the Instant Trivia podcast episode 820, where we ask the best trivia on the Internet. Round 1. Category: early america 1: Carpenters in this colony's city of Savannah went on strike in 1746 for better working conditions. Georgia. 2: This colony of James Oglethorpe banned the importation of rum and brandy, and forbade slavery. Georgia. 3: In 1723 in Boston, construction began on this church, one of the first Georgian churches in the Northeast. the Old North Church. 4: The second of these legislatures drew up the Articles of Confederation. the Continental Congress. 5: Hot on the trail of 7 magnificent cities, Estevanico called the first one this, entered it and was killed there. Cibola. Round 2. Category: animal common bonds 1: Angora,Flemish giant,cottontail. rabbits. 2: Schipperke,borzoi,bichon frise. Dogs. 3: Thresher,nurse,whale. Sharks. 4: Bufflehead,Eider,Teal. ducks. 5: Black,brown,spectacled. bears. Round 3. Category: jewel 1: The Pinctada maxima, or silver-lip oyster, is the largest oyster capable of cultivating one of these. pearl. 2: The Aztecs showed their rank in society by wearing this bluish-green December birthstone. turquoise. 3: A variety of smoky quartz, cairngorm is a gemstone that comes from the Cairngorm Mountains of this country. Scotland. 4: The bulk of the world's peridot is mined from Peridot Mesa on the Apache Indian Reservation in this state. Arizona. 5: The American ruby and the Cape ruby are not rubies, but red varieties of this mineral. garnet. Round 4. Category: warner bros. cartoons 1: "Carnivorous vulgaris" is one of this Roadrunner-chasing rascal's "scientific" names. the (Wile E.) Coyote. 2: This "scent-imental" skunk was named after Charles Boyer's character in the film "Algiers". Pepé Le Pew. 3: This "fastest mouse" made his debut in 1953's "Cat-Tails for Two". Speedy Gonzales. 4: This "roughest, toughest he-man hombre that's ever crossed the Rio Grande" could never beat Bugs Bunny. Yosemite Sam. 5: This animal is the symbol of the new Warner Bros. network. Michigan J. Frog. Round 5. Category: "down" the hatch 1: This highly undesirable event can occur when a nuclear reactor's core overheats. Meltdown. 2: If you're hunting by scent, it's where you want to be, relative to your prey. Downwind. 3: The New England Primer popularized the bedtime prayer beginning with this line. "Now I lay me down to sleep...". 4: It describes the "trampled" masses. Downtrodden. 5: In 1902 Battling Nelson inflicted 42 of these on Christy Williams, who finally stayed on the canvas. Knockdowns. Thanks for listening! Come back tomorrow for more exciting trivia! Special thanks to https://blog.feedspot.com/trivia_podcasts/

James Oglethorpe fue un soldado británico, miembro del Parlamento y filántropo, así como el fundador de la colonia de Georgia en lo que entonces era la América británica. Como reformador social, esperaba representar a los pobres dignos de Gran Bretaña en el Nuevo Mundo, centrándose inicialmente en los que estaban en las cárceles de deudores . Síguenos y visita nuestro sitio oficial: instagram.com/eldollop twitter.com/eldollop facebook.com/eldolloppodcast eldollop.com/ 

Biographical Memorials of James Oglethorpe Founder of the Colony of Georgia, in North America.

Welcome to the Instant Trivia podcast episode 522, where we ask the best trivia on the Internet. Round 1. Category: Hi Ya, Maya! 1: Maya Angelou's "The Heart of a Woman" was the first nonfiction work selected for this woman's book club. Oprah. 2: For this president's inauguration, Maya wrote and recited the poem "On the Pulse of Morning". Bill Clinton. 3: In 1977 Maya played Nyo Boto on this acclaimed miniseries. Roots. 4: It's the avian title of the first volume of Maya Angelou's autobiographical works. I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings. 5: Maya wrote all the original poems performed by this actress in the 1993 film "Poetic Justice". Janet Jackson. Round 2. Category: Faulkner Titles 1: "Go Down...". Moses. 2: "Intruder in the...". Dust. 3: "Absalom...". Absalom. 4: "As I Lay...". Dying. 5: "Light in...". August. Round 3. Category: A "D" In History 1: To keep Delaware's capital away from the invading British, it was moved to this city in 1777. Dover. 2: James Oglethorpe founded Georgia in 1733 as a haven for people in trouble for this back in Britain. debt. 3: In 1868 and again in 1880, he was succeeded as British Prime Minister by William Gladstone. Disraeli. 4: In 1952 the U.N. started a commission on this to make the world a less lethal place. disarmament. 5: In the 16th century these assemblies of German potentates took place at Speyer, Augsburg and (yummy!) Worms. a diet. Round 4. Category: The Waltz 1: Waltzes are characterized by swift, gliding turns and music that has this many quarter notes to a measure. 3. 2: A dance in the 1786 opera "Una Cosa Rara" popularized this waltz style named for a city. Viennese. 3: Act III of this 1893 Engelbert Humerpdinck opera features the "Gingerbread Waltz". Hansel and Gretel. 4: Although known as the "Waltz King", he also composed many marches and well-known polkas. (Johann) Strauss. 5: Pee Wee King co-wrote this waltz and had a country hit with it in 1948; later it became a state song. "The Tennessee Waltz". Round 5. Category: English Lit 1: The "Book of the Duchesse" is an elegy for the Duchess of Lancaster by this author of "The Canterbury Tales". Geoffrey Chaucer. 2: Chapters in this novel include "Wickfield and Heep" and "Mr. Micawber's Gauntlet". David Copperfield. 3: Published in 1590, "The Legend of the Red Cross Knight" is the first of 6 books in this poetic epic. The Faerie Queene. 4: Her title "Sonnets from the Portuguese" referred to her husband's nickname for her. Elizabeth Barrett Browning. 5: She's the heroine of the long-banned 18th century novel "Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure". Fanny Hill. Thanks for listening! Come back tomorrow for more exciting trivia!

Aunque pueda parecer lo contrario, la morosidad no es un fenómeno reciente. Es más antigua incluso que el propio dinero, ya que hasta en la época del trueque y el intercambio de bienes, cuyo pago en ocasiones se aplazaba, ya se producían situaciones de impagos de deudas. Lo que ha evolucionado en este tiempo es la forma de tratar a dichos morosos. En aquellos tiempos pretéritos, las normas más primitivas, o incluso la inexistencia de las mismas, provocaban que estos conflictos acabasen resolviéndose por medio de la violencia, llegando en muchas ocasiones a provocar la muerte del moroso si no podía afrontar sus deudas. Con el paso del tiempo, las condenas por delitos de morosidad fueron evolucionando y humanizándose. En la Antigua Roma, podías acabar esclavizado para saldar una deuda pendiente. Más adelante, a los morosos se les humillaba en público para señalarlos y avergonzarles. El punto álgido de la persecución a los morosos quizá se alcanzase entre la Edad Media y la segunda mitad del siglo XIX, cuando se extendieron por Europa las llamadas prisiones para deudores. En ellas eran encerrados los morosos condenado y, en ocasiones, se fijaba un tiempo de estancia, aunque lo más normal era que los reos solo lograsen la libertad tras cancelar su deuda. El objetivo de estas condenas no era tanto hacer cumplir al sancionado con la obligación de pagar, sino presionarle para que acabase revelando bienes que tuviera ocultos o escondidos. En Europa fueron conocidas las prisiones para deudores de Alemania, que usaban este castigo como método para obligar a que pagasen y, en otras ocasiones, para que no pudiesen huir, y asegurar así su asistencia al juicio contra ellos. Llegar a este punto era muy deshonroso para el deudor. También en Países Bajos cobraron gran importancia estas edificaciones. Allí podían acabar los morosos que se negaban a comparecer en juicio, o los que no pagaban sus multas o deudas. Además, el paso por estas prisiones de deudores no cancelaba la cantidad debida ni sus correspondientes intereses. Malta o Grecia son otros países que también contaban con este tipo de cárceles. Pero las más famosas e importantes de Europa fueron las británicas. Entre los siglos XVIII y XIX, más de 10.000 personas eran detenidas cada año por culpa de la morosidad. Y como en tantos y tantos aspectos de la vida, dentro y fuera de la cárcel, los humildes lo tenían más complicado que los miembros de familias más pudientes. A los pobres, aunque estuvieran condenados por deudas míseras, les era imposible saldarlas y muchos acababan muriendo en prisión. Además, al ser una carga para los guardianes, que no tenían forma de aprovecharse de ellos, eran tratados con brutalidad. La única opción para ellos era la caridad. Para ello, se habilitaba en estas prisiones de deudores una habitación, con una reja que daba a la calle, a través de la cual podían pedir limosna a los transeúntes. Las condiciones eran algo mejores para los encarcelados bien posicionados a nivel económico, ya que muchos sobornaban a los guardias que, debido a sus bajos salarios, estaban abiertos a este tipo de acuerdos. Además, a estos acaudalados se les permitía recibir visitas e incluso hacer negocios, lo que aumentaba las opciones para saldar la deuda y conseguir la ansiada libertad. Las mujeres lograban mantener activos burdeles si sobornaban a los guardias. En algunas prisiones, como la famosa Fleet Prison de Londres, hasta les permitían vivir fuera de la cárcel, en las calles cercanas. Sin embargo, hasta para los más afortunados, la vida en estas prisiones estaba lejos de ser ideal. Lo contaba en una carta enviada a un amigo Samuel Byron, hijo del famoso escritor, allá por 1826. "¡Qué barbaridad puede ser mayor que los carceleros (sin que medie provocación) carguen de grilletes a los prisioneros, los encierren en mazmorras, los esposen, les nieguen las visitas de sus amigos y les fuercen a pagar cantidades excesivas por su alojamiento, vituallas y bebidas; que abran sus cartas y se apropien de las limosnas que les envían! (…) la prisión por deudas inflige una mayor pérdida al país, en forma de desperdicio de potencia y energía, que los monasterios y conventos en el extranjero y entre los pueblos católicos (…) Holanda, el país más incivil del mundo, trata a los deudores con benevolencia y a los malhechores con rigor; Inglaterra, en cambio, se muestra indulgente con los asesinos y ladrones, pero a los pobres deudores se les exigen imposibles".​ Algunas de las cárceles más famosas de Reino Unido, además de la citada Fleet Prison, fueron, por un lado, la cárcel de Marshalsea, en la que estuvo detenido el padre de Charles Dickens, por una deuda con una panadero, y que el escritor retrató con toda su crueldad en algunas de sus novelas; o, por otro, la King's Bench Prison. No obstante, la más conocida, sin duda, fue The Clink, quizá la prisión más antigua de Reino Unido. Perteneciente al obispo de Winchester, recibió su nombre por el sonido metálico que se producía cuando se cerraban las puertas de la cárcel. El nombre se utiliza aún hoy en día como sinónimo de estar en prisión. El general británico James Oglethorpe, miembro del Parlamento, conoció las condiciones de las prisiones de deudores a través de un amigo suyo, condenado por moroso. En 1728 presidió una Comisión de Investigación que descubrió que, como ya imaginaban, se debían mejorar las situaciones de estas cárceles y dar salida a los morosos detenidos, ya que dicha reclusión impedía poder recuperar el dinero que debían. Esta Comisión logró una modificación de las leyes, que hizo que muchos morosos fueran puestos en libertad, tal y como se había pedido. ¿Cuál era el problema? Que nadie contrataba a los deudores. Sin salida, muchos acababan delinquiendo para volver de nuevo a prisión. Otra vez Oglethorpe se puso a buscar una solución y la encontró al otro lado del Atlántico, en el llamado Nuevo Mundo. Junto a un grupo filantrópico creó el Patronato para el establecimiento de la colonia de Georgia. Así, solicitaron al rey, Jorge II, la carta real y la concesión de tierras para dicho establecimiento. De esta manera, la metrópoli ahorraba los gastos de manutención en la cárcel, se libraba de potenciales delincuentes, reforzaba sus posiciones en América y, por si fuera poco, con el nombre de la colonia, Georgia, se lanzaba un guiño al rey. En abril de 1732 aprobaron la propuesta. En noviembre de ese año, Oglethorpe partía rumbo a América con una tripulación formada por 100 colonos, en su mayoría morosos, pero también había reclusos perseguidos por cuestiones religiosas. Cuatro meses después de partir llegan a Savannah, que acabaría siendo la primera capital del Estado. Este era, por cierto, un territorio que reclamaban los españoles, que fueron los primeros en asentarse allí en una misión encabezada por Lucas Vázquez de Ayllón. Sin embargo, aunque tardaron poco en abandonarlo por el mal tiempo y las enfermedades. Fue Pedro Menéndez de Avilés, el 'adelantado', el que, a mediados del siglo XVI, consumó la conquista definitiva tras vencer a los franceses. No obstante, España, que no le veía gran valor a la región, ni siquiera protegió militarmente la zona, en manos de órdenes religiosas. El conflicto entre británicos y españoles acabó resolviéndose en la Guerra del Asiento, en la que vencieron los hombres de Oglethorpe. Además, el comandante inglés fue capaz de resolver de forma amistosa los problemas con los nativos. También estableció normas muy avanzadas para la época en la región, incluyendo la igualdad agraria, para apoyar y perpetuar la agricultura familiar, y, sobre todo, la ilegalización de la esclavitud. Durante 10 años, la colonia sobrevivió siguiendo la normativa desarrollada por Oglethorpe. Pero en cuanto este regresó a Londres, todo se vino abajo en aquel territorio de ideas utópicas. Sin esclavos, la mano de obra se reducía a la de los propios colonos. Una condición que, decían, limitaba su productividad respecto a la del resto de colonias. Sus vecinos de Carolina del Norte y del Sur prosperaban gracias al cultivo de maíz y arroz, explotando mano de obra esclava. Mientras que en Georgia no lograban producir lo suficiente como para exportar, y el alto precio de los productos importados les llevaba a recurrir al contrabando de productos españoles a través de Florida. Así, olvidando su pasado en prisión y las penurias que habían vivido, decidieron levantar la prohibición y recuperar a los esclavos. Aprendieron que esta era la fórmula más rápida para aumentar sus beneficios.

From DailyPodcastPractice.com According to NationalToday.com, today is Darwin Day, the day we celebrate Charles Darwin's work and science in general. And we celebrate it today because this is Chuck's birthday. On this day in 1733, The British colony of Georgia was founded by James Oglethorpe, at the site of Savannah. Also born on this day in 1809 in Hardin County, Kentucky, the 16th President of the United States of ‘Merica, Abraham Lincoln. Two thoughts from Charles Darwin. First, “It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent that survives. It is the one that is the most adaptable to change, that lives within the means available and works co-operatively against common threats.” and then this second quote, “Building a better mousetrap merely results in smarter mice.”

In an effort to deal with urban poverty in London, James Oglethorpe forms the Georgia Trustees and create a new colony.   Join us on social media!   Twitter: https://twitter.com/ushistpodcast Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/USPoliticalpodcast/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/uspoliticalpodcast/ Website: http://www.uspoliticalpodcast.com Bibliography: http://www.uspoliticalpodcast.com/bibliography/

Welcome to the Instant Trivia podcast episode 229, where we ask the best trivia on the Internet. Round 1. Category: Nfl Nicknames 1: "Broadway Joe". Joe Namath. 2: "Mean Joe". Joe Greene. 3: "The Refrigerator". William Perry. 4: "Too Tall". (Ed) Jones. 5: "Sweetness". Walter Payton. Round 2. Category: The Jep-Tones World Tour 2006 1: More popular than Regis, the Jeps play their last stadium gig in San Francisco, like this band did on Aug. 29, 1966. The Beatles. 2: After a stint with the Maharishi, the group tries Kaballah with this singer whose hits include "Beautiful Stranger". Madonna. 3: The Jeps cover this group's 1988 Top 10 hit "Welcome To The Jungle", until the inevitable cease- and -desist order. Guns N' Roses. 4: No way! The Jeps' "Potpourri" video isn't the 2005 VMA Viewer's Choice; this band's "American Idiot" is. Green Day. 5: Oops... the 'Tones hire Mensa's Angels as security at this speedway in California, site of a 1969 free concert by the Stones. Altamont. Round 3. Category: 1961 1: Ratified on March 29, the 23rd Amendment granted this U.S. district the right to vote in pres. elections. Washington, D.C.. 2: She releases the hit songs "Crazy" and "I Fall to Pieces". Patsy Cline. 3: A bunch of Cuban exiles showed up unannounced here on April 17. the Bay of Pigs. 4: In his January 17 farewell address, he warned about the dangers of the "military-industrial complex". Eisenhower. 5: On May 5 he rocketed into space from Cape Canaveral. Alan Shepard. Round 4. Category: The Marrier 1: Tom Hayden, Roger Vadim, Ted Turner. Jane Fonda. 2: Sean Penn, Guy Ritchie. Madonna. 3: Andre Previn, Frank Sinatra. Mia Farrow. 4: Jeremy Thomas, Tom Green. Drew Barrymore. 5: Robert Evans, Steve McQueen. Ali McGraw. Round 5. Category: Yes, I've Eton 1: He hopefully had a ball at Eton before going on to write "Thunderball". (Ian) Fleming. 2: We know he revisited his "Brave New World" in 1958, but we don't know if he attended any Eton reunions. (Aldous) Huxley. 3: Marshall Field III, who had fun times at Eton, merged his Sun and Times papers in this city in 1948. Chicago. 4: James Oglethorpe went to Eton, did other stuff, then founded this colony in America. Georgia. 5: In power in the 1720s and 1730s, this Etonian is considered England's first prime minister. Robert Walpole. Thanks for listening! Come back tomorrow for more exciting trivia!

Welcome to the Just Trivia podcast episode 13, where we ask the best trivia on the Internet. Round 1. The category is: name the james. Question 1: Founded Savannah and the Georgia colony The answer is: James Oglethorpe. Question 2: The fourth and fifth U.S. Presidents The answer is: James Madison and James Monroe. Question 3: Discovered the Hawaiian islands The answer is: (James) Cook. Question 4: Led the first bombing raid on Tokyo in World War II The answer is: James Doolittle. Question 5: "The Godfather of Soul" The answer is: James Brown. Round 2. The category is: "bush"-isms. Question 1: The galago, a small primate of southern Africa, is also called this because of its human-like cry The answer is: a bush baby. Question 2: The young kids go wild for this song that takes place "so early in the morning" The answer is: "Here We Go Round The Mulberry Bush". Question 3: Curt Schilling called A-Rod's ball-punching move in the 2004 A.L. playoffs this type of play The answer is: bush league. Question 4: You might find this adventurous type of person at the controls of a Beech Staggerwing The answer is: a bush pilot. Question 5: A 2004 anti-Dubya book by Jim Hightower was titled "Let's Stop" this evasive behavior The answer is: Beating Around the Bush. Round 3. The category is: rough alternate literary endings. Question 1: Farmer Arable dabbed the napkin at his mouth. Mmm! That Wilbur... "Some pig", indeed! The answer is: Charlotte's Web. Question 2: "Hey, it's Dantes! He must've escaped in Abbe Faria's burial shroud!" shouted Villefort. So they hanged him. Fin. The answer is: The Count of Monte Cristo. Question 3: Enraged, Lemuel tore the ropes from his body. His captors were "not six inches high"! His boot rose ominously. The answer is: Gulliver's Travels. Question 4: Jenny told me "Love means never having to say you're sorry". But now she was gone, and that nurse was giving me the eye. The answer is: Love Story. Question 5: Kitty and Levin's marriage is great, she thought. My guy stinks. With that, she pushed Hubby under the train. Whoomp! The answer is: Anna Karenina. Round 4. The category is: "fu". Question 1: A mustache style gets its name from this sinister Chinese villain The answer is: Fu Manchu. Question 2: Someone on the run from the cops The answer is: Fugitive. Question 3: A brilliant deep pink color tinged with purple The answer is: Fuschia. Question 4: In an engine it allows internal combustion without a carburetor The answer is: Fuel injection. Question 5: First name of clergyman and old-time radio broadcaster Sheen The answer is: Fulton. Round 5. The category is: partying. Question 1: Ralph Nader was this political party's candidate for President in 1996 and 2000 The answer is: the Green Party. Question 2: For the 1864 Presidental election, the Republican Party changed its name to this The answer is: the Union Party. Question 3: Pres. John Adams was a member of this former political party that advocated a strong centralized govt. The answer is: the Federalist. Question 4: As presidents, Truman and Wi

In this history story learn that James Oglethorpe cares about prisoners after a friend dies in prison, and learn about the founding of Savannah. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

How Georgia became established through leadership of James Oglethorpe to learning about all 3 Signers. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/kirk-monroe/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/kirk-monroe/support

(Elizabeth) Most likely, many of us have heard tales around how the colony of Georgia was founded by James Oglethorpe, a philanthropist, to be a haven for Britain's debtors but, as always, that isn't the whole story. In this episode, Elizabeth delves into how slavery of Africans was illegal early on in the colony and why that changed - including who drove the demand. 

Leading from City Hall down through five of the Historic District’s prettiest and most interesting squares to Forsyth Park and its fountain, Bull Street is one of Savannah’s most prominent promenades and thoroughfares.Bull Street has been one of the most important streets in Savannah through most of its history. Because of this, many of the city’s most significant buildings – commercial, governmental and religious – and its largest and most beautiful historic homes were built along the street and around its squares. Many of Savannah’s monuments, too, are located in the Bull Street squares, again chosen for their importance and centrality.The monuments that we will chat about are the Greene Monument, erected in 1830 in memory of Revolutionary War General Nathanael Greene; the Tomochichi Memorial, honoring Chief Tomochichi, leader of the Yamacraw and ally of James Oglethorpe; the Gordon Monument, erected in memory of William Washington Gordon I, first president of the Central of Georgia Railroad; the Oglethorpe Monument commemorating Savannah and Georgia founder James Oglethorpe; the Savannah Theatre; the Jasper Monument, commemorating Revolutionary War hero William Jasper; the Pulaski Monument, dedicated to one of the nation’s favorite generals of the Revolutionary War, Polish-born Casimir Pulaski.Squares: Johnson Square; Wright Square; Chippewa Square; Madison Square; Monterey Square

Episode 43 is an Oscars special! We explore philanthropy at the movies: what films there are about philanthropy (if any), what insight they can offer, and some ideas for future films that could be made. Topics covered include: Why aren’t there any genuinely great portrayals of philanthropy or the big questions it raises on film? Fictional philanthropists in movies The philanthropist as plot device or cinematic shorthand Do comic book adaptations offer the most insightful portrayal of philanthropy issues in the movies? Is Tony Stark (Iron Man) an example of the challenge of doing good with tainted money? What does X Men’s Charles Xavier tell us about enlightened self-interest? Is The Marvel Avengers: Civil War storyline really about the tension between philanthropic liberty and democratic accountability? Does Black Panther highlight the challenges of issue-based vs place-based identity in philanthropy? Is Thanos an effective altruist? Pitching some of the great philanthropic stories we could tell on film: Carnegie, Rockefeller and the Walsh Commission Julius Rosenwald and the Civil Rights Movement Angela Burdett-Coutts and Charles Dickens: the philanthropic odd couple William Rathbone: head vs heart James Oglethorpe and the founding of the State of Georgia John Howard: the grumpy Indiana Jones of philanthropy     Related content: Lights, Camera, Altruism: Philanthropy in movies, Giving Thought blog Meet The Philanthropists: the Indiana Jones of philanthropy, John Howard, (excerpt from my book Public Good by Private Means)  

Comedians Dave Anthony and Gareth Reynolds examine James Oglethorpe and the Colony of Georgia. SOURCESTOUR DATESREDBUBBLE MERCH

This episode is titled Colonies.The 16th C saw the growth of the Spanish and Portuguese overseas empires. The Spanish Empire included Mexico, extending well into what is now the western half of North America. In the 17th C, other Europeans began their own empire-building. The most successful of the new colonial powers was Great Britain. Among its first overseas enterprises were the thirteen colonies in North America. Though we've already talked about the settling of Plymouth and the Puritan settlements of Massachusetts, we'll do a little review.The first British colonial ventures in North America failed. In 1584, Sir Walter Raleigh was granted a charter for colonization. He named the area Virginia, after the Virgin Queen Elizabeth. But his first two ventures failed. The first group of settlers returned to England, while the second disappeared.Then, in 1607 the first permanent colonization of Virginia began at Jamestown, named after the new British King James. There was a chaplain among them since the Virginia Company who sponsored the venture hoped to establish the Church of England in the new land and to offer its services both to the settlers and Indians. It also hoped the new colony would halt Spanish expansion, which was feared for its spread of the dreaded “popery,” as Puritans called Catholicism. But the colony's main purpose was economic rather than religious. The Church of England never had a bishop in Virginia or in any of the other colonies. The stockholders of the Virginia Company simply hoped trade with the Indians, along with whatever crops the settlers grew, would bring a profit.The founding of Virginia took place at the high point of Puritan influence in the Church of England. // Several of the stockholders and settlers believed the colony should be ruled by Puritan principles. Its early laws required attendance at worship twice a day, strict observance of Sunday as a day of rest and worship, and the prohibition of profanity and immodesty. But King James detested Puritans, and would not allow his colony to be ruled by them. A war with the native Americans in 1622 became the excuse to bring Virginia under his direct rule. After that, Puritan influence waned. Later Charles I, following James's anti-Puritan policy, carved out a large part of Virginia for a new colony called Maryland and placed it under the Catholic proprietor, Lord Baltimore. Maryland was intended to be a Roman Catholic enclave in the British North American colonies. While many Catholics did move there, Protestants outnumbered them.The Puritan Revolution in England made little impact on Virginia. The colonists were more interested in growing the new cash crop of tobacco and opening new lands for its cultivation than in the religious strife going on back in merry old England. Puritan zeal lost its vigor in the midst of economic prosperity. One of the things that led to this spiritual decline was the acceptance of slavery.Tobacco is a labor-intensive crop. The importation of cheap labor in the form of African slaves allowed the colonists to grow the tons of tobacco now all the rage in Europe. But the Protestant work ethic that lay at the heart of so much of the Puritan mindset was gutted by slavery. Simply put, Puritan colonists lost touch with why the Puritans back in England wanted to reform the government and Church of England.Prior to Abolition, the Church of England neglected evangelizing slaves. They did so because of an ancient principle prohibiting Christians from holding fellow believers in slavery. If a slave got saved, his owner was obliged to free her/him. Then, in 1667, a law was passed saying baptism didn't change a slave's legal status as the property of his owner.While the new and emerging American aristocracy of Virginia remained Anglican, many in the lower classes turned to dissident movements. When strict measures were taken against them, hundreds migrated to Catholic Maryland, where there was greater religious freedom. The Quakers and Methodists took turns making successful forays into Virginia's church scene.Other colonies were founded south of Virginia. The Carolinas, granted by the crown to a group of aristocratic stockholders in 1663, developed slowly. To encourage immigration, the proprietors declared religious freedom, which attracted dissidents from Virginia and England. It didn't take long before the people who settled in the new colonies claimed little to no religious affiliation other than a generic “Christian.”Georgia was founded for two over-arching reasons. The first was to halt Spanish expansion. The second was to serve as an alternative for England's overcrowded debtors' prisons. At the beginning of the 18th C, there were many who wanted to help the sorry lot of those in England who'd fallen into poverty and couldn't get out. One of the leaders of this campaign was a military hero named James Oglethorpe. He thought a colony ought to be founded in North America to serve as an alternative to the imprisonment of debtors. A royal charter was granted in 1732, and the first convicts arrived the next year. To these, others were soon added, along with a large group of religious refugees. Although Anglicanism was the official religion of Georgia, it made little impact on the colony. The failure of the Wesleys as Anglican pastors in the colony was typical of others. The Moravians had a measure of success, although their numbers were never large. The most significant religious movement in the early years of Georgia was the response to Whitefield's preaching. By the time of his death in 1770, he'd left his stamp on much of Georgia's religious life. Later, Methodists, Baptists, and others harvested what he'd sown.As we've seen in previous episodes, it was farther north, at Plymouth and around Boston that Puritanism made its greatest impact. When Roger Williams was banished, he settled Providence, around which the colony of Rhode Island eventually coalesced.The Hutchinsons and their supporters started Connecticut.The Puritans, who baptized their children, were influenced by the Pietistic belief in the necessity of a conversion experience in order to be a genuine Christian. The question then rose; “Why do we baptize children if people don't become Christians till they are converted?” Wouldn't it be wiser to wait till someone was converted, then dunk ‘em – like, BTW, the Baptists do in Rhode Island? Some wanted to follow this new course. But that clashed with the Puritan goal of founding a Christian society, one in covenant with God and guided by biblical principles. A Christian commonwealth is conceivable only if, as in ancient Israel, one becomes a member by birth, so that the civil and the religious communities are the same. So children HAD to be baptized because that's how you become part of the Church, and the Church and society were one and the same, just as in ancient Israel they entered the covenant by circumcision as infants.To make matters even MORE complicated à If infants were baptized so as to make them  “children of the covenant,” what was to be done with infants born of baptized parents who never had a conversion experience?Many came to the conclusion there needed to be a kind of “halfway covenant,” that included those who were baptized but had no personal conversion experience. The children of such people were to be baptized, for they were still members of the covenant community. But only those who had experienced a conversion were granted full membership in the church and were vested with the power to participate in the process of making decisions.This controversy engendered bitter arguments and monumental ill-will which turned the original optimism of the settlers into a dark foreboding. The tension over the Half-Way Covenant spilled over into new debates over how churches ought to be governed and over relations between local congregations who took different sides in the controversies that began to swirl. The majority settled on a form of church government called Congregationalism. They managed to maintain a grip on doctrinal orthodoxy by adhering to the Westminster Confession.As mentioned, the main center of Roman Catholicism in the North American British colonies was Maryland. In 1632, Charles I granted Cecil Calvert, whose noble title was Lord Baltimore, rights of colonization over a region claimed by Virginia. Calvert was Catholic, and the grant was made by Charles in an attempt to garner Catholic support. Catholics in England wanted a colony where they could live without the restrictions they faced at home. Since it was politically unwise to establish a purely Catholic colony, it was decided Maryland would be a realm of religious freedom.The first settlers arrived in 1634, with only a tenth being Catholic aristocrats. The other nine-tenths were their Protestant servants. Tobacco quickly became the colony's economic mainstay, giving rise to large, prosperous plantations. Maryland was governed by Catholic landowners, but the majority of its residents were Protestants. Whenever the shifting political winds in Britain gave opportunity, Protestants sought to wrest power from the Catholic aristocracy. They succeeded when James II was overthrown. Anglicanism then became the official religion of Maryland and Catholic rights were restricted.Because of the religious liberty practiced as policy in Pennsylvania, a good number of Catholics settled there. Catholicism then made significant gains after the Stuarts were restored to the throne in England. But after the fall of James II, the growth of Catholicism in all thirteen colonies was restricted.The colonies of New York & New Jersey, weren't, at first, religious refuges for any particular group. Pennsylvania was founded as a home for Quakers. But not solely so. William Penn envisioned the colony as a place of religious freedom for all. The same was true for Delaware, which Penn purchased from the Duke of York, and was part of Pennsylvania until 1701.The religious history of New Jersey is complex. East New Jersey leaned toward the strict Puritanism of New England, while the West favored the tolerance of the Quakers. Sadly, many Quakers in New Jersey became a slaveholding aristocracy whose relations with the more traditional abolitionist Quakers of Pennsylvania became strained.What became New York was first colonized by the Dutch, whose East India Company established headquarters in Manhattan, and whose Reformed Church came with them. In 1655, they conquered a rival colony the Swedes founded on the Delaware River, then they were in turn conquered by the British in 1664 in a minor contest. What had been New Netherland became New York. The Dutch who stayed, most of them it turned out, became British; which they happily consented to, since their homeland hadn't given them support. The British replaced the Dutch Reformed Church with the Church of England, whose only members were the governor's party until more British arrived and settled.We end this episode noting religious motivations played an important role in the founding of several of the British colonies in America.  Although at first, some were intolerant of religious diversity, time softened that policy, and the colonies tended to emulate the example of Rhode Island and Pennsylvania, where religious freedom existed from their inception. Such tolerance eased the natural tensions that rival colonies had as they vied for economic prosperity. The colonies also witnessed from afar the religious tensions ripping the mother country apart. That may have moved them to cool their intolerance in favor of a more liberal policy of religious freedom. But other factors were at work that combined to erode the religious fervor of the early settlers of the thirteen colonies. Slavery, the social inequality of a plantation-based economy, the exploitation of Indians and their lands, combined to work against the conscience of the English settlers. They found it difficult to follow the pattern of New Testament Christianity while engaging in practices they knew violated the Spirit of Christ. They entered a phase of national life where a desire for wealth eclipsed the conviction of the Spirit. The result was a spiritual malaise that deadened the religious fervor of the colonies.But as we've seen repeatedly in our study of Church History, a period of spiritual declension either resolves in widespread apostasy or spiritual renewal. What would it be for the British colonies in North America? We find out, in our next episode.A donation of any amount to keep CS up and running is appreciated. You can donate by going to the sanctorum.us page and following the link. Thanks.