Podcast appearances and mentions of eric trexler

In this Q&A episode, Eric Trexler and Eric Helms open with a recap of their trip to Norway and announce a new MASS partnership with AFPT International. They then work through a string of listener questions that end up forming a surprisingly cohesive arc: how much total daily energy expenditure actually varies between people, RED-S and low energy availability, what really drives satiety, and a deep dive into building or retaining muscle in a calorie deficit. The back half tackles body recomposition head-on, why the rigid "bulk vs. cut" mindset comes largely from competitive and enhanced bodybuilding, and how natural powerlifters demonstrate that recomp is closer to the default state than most people assume. Iron Culture is proudly presented by the MASS Research Review. Mostly because Helms and Trex are co-owners. massresearchreview.com If you're in the market for some new (ultra-high-quality) gym gear or apparel, be sure to use code "MRR10" for a 10% discount over at elitefts.com If you'd like to submit a question for a future episode, head over to: massresearchreview.com/ironculture Chapters 0:00 - Intro 10:24 - Q&A begins: Is maintaining 2400 cal "above the mean"? (TDEE variance) 17:00 - RED-S, low energy availability & the female athlete triad 23:10 - What actually drives satiety? 33:14 - Building muscle in a deficit: protein needs & why muscle is lost 49:31 - What bulking studies tell us about surplus size 55:40 - Listener case study: bulk first or recomp while cutting? (Natalia) 1:01:15 - Where the "bulk vs. cut" mindset really comes from 1:12:24 - Powerlifting as a case study in recomposition 1:16:44 - Do drugs break the rules? PEDs & nutrient partitioning 1:18:34 - Wrap-up

Eric Trexler and Eric Helms recently found themselves in the middle of a debate about optimal protein intakes, all initiated by a social media post from Stu Phillips (a leading researcher in the area). In this episode, they dive into how that scientific discourse played out, the nuances of protein intake, and the implications for recreational lifters and bodybuilders alike. They discuss the complexities of scientific data interpretation, public messaging, and practical recommendations for optimal protein consumption. If you're in the market for some new (ultra-high-quality) gym gear or apparel, be sure to use code "MRR10" for a 10% discount over at elitefts.com Iron Culture is proudly presented by the MASS Research Review. Mostly because Helms and Trex are co-owners. massresearchreview.com Chapters 00:00 Intro 06:13 Social Media Debate on Upper Limits of Protein Intake 13:07 Analysis of Stu Phillips' Post and Scientific Discourse 24:06 Review of Tagawa Meta-Regression Studies 34:58 Nunes Data and Recent Research Insights 39:06 The Refalo et al paper 53:49 Balancing Nuance and Public Messaging 01:03:00 Concluding Thoughts on Science Communication

Eat Train Prosper #216 is our May 2026 Instagram Q&A. We have 15 questions. Notable questions of likely interest are: a framework for peaking a physique for a photoshoot, Zone 2 cardio before resistance training producing better sessions (question mark), and how much of an effect on gains would being vegan/vegetarian have when done right?A big thank you as always to all of you who provide us great questions for these episodes.Timestamps:00:10:04 - For DB Shoulder press, any advantage to the bench with a shorter back rest? 00:12:29 - What is the general framework to PEAK someone for a photo shoot? 00:20:18 - Having a hard time finding the literature on appropriate maintenance volume. Lifted 15 years and getting into BJJ at age 36. Want to maintain 3-4 lifts a week with 3 BJJ sessions 00:25:27 - I work in an office and don't have time to cook eggs in the AM. What are some good breakfast options for meal 1? 00:28:33 - Thoughts on purely frontal plane adduction movements when programming for lats?00:32:25 - What is the hardest part of moving back stateside for Aaron?00:35:56 - Is Bulking and cutting really necessary? Seeing lots about recomp and no need to bulk… 00:40:25 - Loved the episode with blood test results! Have you guys looked at AM cortisol? How does stress impact eating and training and physique? How can you improve the impacts of stress?00:46:20 - I know there is a threshold of hunger regulation around 7k steps per day, but is there another threshold? I often hear about marathoners gaining weight but then often see triathletes or Ironmen racers losing weight despite eating everything. Could it be genetic? 00:49:21 - I've been messing around with 6x/week torso/limbs split with 1 set to failure (6 sets per session). Seems to be making good strength gains, but wonder if 2x/week frequency (vs 3x per area) with higher volume per session would be better for hypertrophy? Thoughts?00:54:10 - Been starting workouts with 20-30 min of Z2 before lifting and surprisingly feel I perform better, counter to what you always hear to do lifting THEN cardio. Have you ever tried this? 00:58:00 - Eric Trexler recently spoke on RP pod about how muscle gain on TRT can be underwhelming. Can you perhaps share your own experiences around these statements?01:06:18 - Do you (Aaron) think you'd ever bring on an assistant coach?01:08:42 - How much of an effect on gains would being vegan/vegetarian have when done right?01:11:15 - Full time dad, work 50+ (hours), never done a show. What is the best way to mentally block out hunger noise? Work 1:1 with Aaron ⬇️https://strakernutritionco.com/nutrition-coaching-apply-now/Done For You Client Check-In System for Coaches ⬇️https://strakernutritionco.com/macronutrient-reporting-check-in-template/Paragon Training Methods Programming ⬇️https://paragontrainingmethods.comFollow Bryan's Evolved Training Systems Programming ⬇️https://evolvedtrainingsystems.comFind Us on Social Media  ⬇️IG | @Eat.Train.ProsperIG | @bryanboorsteinIG | @aaron_strakerYT | EAT TRAIN PROSPER PODCAST

Join Drs Eric Helms and Eric Trexler as they discuss the importance of humility in science, and a few key areas where their perspectives have changed over the years. If you're in the market for some new (ultra-high-quality) gym gear or apparel, be sure to use code "MRR10" for a 10% discount over at elitefts.com Iron Culture is proudly presented by the MASS Research Review. Mostly because Helms and Trex are co-owners. massresearchreview.com Chapters 00:00 Intro 13:11 The Iron Culture Documentary Release 18:03 Criticism and Public Perception 28:20 Intellectual Humility and Changing Perspectives 38:33 Evolving Views on Nutrition and Training

Want to get even more jacked? Grab the RP Hypertrophy App for your training, and maximize your gym efforts with the RP Diet Coach App to nail your nutrition.   Dr. Eric Trexler's Testosterone Article: https://rpstrength.com/blogs/articles/testosterone-101    Dr. Eric Trexler's Links: Instagram: @trexlerfitness ResearchGate: Eric Trexler publications Twitter/X: @EricTrexler   Timestamps: 00:00 Intro, North Carolina and summer plans 04:27 Why testosterone and TRT have become more common 05:57 What testosterone is, normal male ranges, puberty, and low-T symptoms 10:27 "Optimization" vs medical need: should normal-range men push testosterone higher? 16:11 Why many men stop TRT and why the benefits can feel underwhelming 18:22 TRT vs steroids: what testosterone actually does for muscle gain 23:35 Testosterone in women, perimenopause, and masculinization risks 29:17 TRT adherence, topical vs injectable therapy, and the GLP-1 tangent 35:36 Are men's testosterone levels really plummeting? 46:26 "Natty or not," genetics, and why you can't reliably spot TRT use 01:02:41 How to naturally support healthy testosterone levels: body comp, sleep, training, diet, micronutrients, stress, and alcohol  

This episode begins with a slightly defensive rant by Eric Trexler, followed by a very defensive rant by Eric Helms. After that, they dive into new research uncovering the complexities of ultraprocessed foods, their impact on obesity, binge eating, and the food industry's role in creating and promoting hyperpalatable ultraprocessed foods. Iron Culture is proudly presented by the MASS Research Review (massresearchreview.com) If you're in the market for some high-quality gym gear or apparel, be sure to support our friends at elitefts.com and use code "MRR10" for a 10% discount. Chapters 00:00 Intro 10:14 Trexler & Helms respond to social media criticism 15:48 Slightly defensive rant by Trexler 23:10 Extremely defensive rant by Helms 32:25 Roles in The Ecosystem of Science Communication 41:39 Exploring the Impact of Ultra-Processed Foods 46:20 Understanding Ultra-Processed Foods and Their Nuances 51:16 The Role of Food Processing in Feeding a Growing Population 55:53 Hyper-Palatable Foods and Their Effects on Eating Behavior 59:07 The Evolution of Eating Disorder Treatment Perspectives 01:04:30 The Relationship Between Hyper-Palatable Foods and Binge Eating 01:09:05 Neurophysiology of Food Consumption and Addiction 01:12:20 Conclusions & practical applications for food selection

In today's Friday deep dive, Vanessa breaks down one of the most important new studies in fat loss and body recomposition — along with her recent interview with Dr. Eric Helms. This episode explores a cutting-edge meta-regression by Dr. Eric Helms, Dr. Eric Trexler, and Dr. Martin Refalo on protein intake during caloric restriction — and what it means for preserving muscle while losing fat.  Last Day to Save on the PSMF Library (Pre-Order) Final hours to lock in the launch pricing

This episode begins with a discussion about the importance of scientific rigor in fitness research and science communication. After that, hosts Eric Trexler and Eric Helms discuss the relationship between skeletal structure and muscle growth, including whether or not your bone structure can predict how much muscle you gain in response to training or your maximum level of muscularity. Iron Culture is proudly presented by the MASS Research Review (massresearchreview.com) If you're in the market for some high-quality gym gear or apparel, be sure to support our friends at elitefts.com and use code "MRR10" for a 10% discount. Chapters 00:00 Intro 11:19 Expert Creep and Science Communication 21:22 Responsibly Expanding Your Domain of Expertise 31:42 Exploring Bone Structure and Muscle Growth 32:51 Study Overview: Bone Characteristics and Hypertrophy 41:13 Interpreting the results of a new study 47:50 Methodological nuances 58:30 Hypertrophy versus total muscularity 01:02:48 Finding the right sport for your frame and bone structure 01:12:23 Practical applications

In this episode, Eric Trexler and Eric Helms discuss the latest updates in resistance training research, the evolution of training principles since 2009, and practical applications for trainers and athletes. They explore key points from the new ACSM position stand, the importance of training frequency, volume, and specificity, and reflect on how scientific understanding has advanced over the years. In this engaging discussion, Eric Trexler and Eric Helms explore the evolution of training philosophies, hypertrophy research, and practical applications for lifters. They reflect on past training trends, dissect scientific findings, and share insights on optimizing workout strategies for strength and muscle growth. If you're in the market for some new lifting gear or apparel, be sure to use code "MRR10" at elitefts.com for a 10% discount Chapters 00:00 Introduction and Personal Updates 07:37 The new ACSM Position Statement 17:50 Overview 34:47 Key findings 37:44 The Impact of Training Frequency on Strength 44:45 The Role of Volume in Strength Training 59:12 Training For Hypertrophy & Proximity to Failure 01:09:17 Eccentric Training 01:12:57 How Perspectives About Training to Failure Have Changed 01:19:08 The Role of Structured Training Programs 01:25:06 The Evolution of Fitness Communities 01:30:25 "Power Training" 01:39:05 Wrapping Up

In this episode, Eric Trexler and Eric Helms delve into the complexities of scientific research integrity, recent controversies in nutrition studies, and debunk common myths in health and fitness. They emphasize the importance of transparency, ethics, and critical thinking in science and everyday beliefs. In this episode, Eric Helms and Eric Trexler debunk popular myths in psychology, medicine, and animal behavior, exploring the science behind Stockholm syndrome, the hungry judge effect, stress ulcers, sugar hyperactivity, and the Stanford Prison Experiment. They emphasize critical thinking and scientific rigor in understanding complex topics. If you're in the market for some new lifting gear or apparel, be sure to use code "MRR10" at elitefts.com for a 10% discount Chapters 00:00 Introduction 03:23 Update on LDL Research Controversy 14:30 "Ethics" in the Research Context 26:45 Conspiratorial thinking and communication in science/research 29:45 Pop Science Myths and Misconceptions 39:25 Debunking Learning Styles 48:17 Debunking Stockholm Syndrome 1:02:04 Debunking the "Hungry Judges Study" 1:07:53 Stress Ulcers: The Complex Truth Behind a Common Belief 01:13:42 Debunking the "Sugar Rush" Myth 01:25:23 Other Popular Myths and Misconceptions

Want to get even more jacked? Grab the RP Hypertrophy App for your training, and maximize your gym efforts with the RP Diet Coach App to nail your nutrition. Dr. Eric Trexler's Links: RP article: Caffeine, The Double-Edged Sword Stronger by Science: The Lifter's Guide to Caffeine Instagram: @trexlerfitness ResearchGate: Eric Trexler publications Twitter/X: @EricTrexler Timestamps: 00:00 Eric and Nick's BEEF

In this episode, Eric Helms and Eric Trexler explore the complexities of food labeling, energy absorption, and the impact of food choices on energy balance. They discuss a recent lawsuit against David protein bars, delve into scientific research on metabolizable energy, and practical strategies for dieting and food selection. If you're in the market for some new lifting gear or apparel, be sure to use code "MRR10" at elitefts.com for a 10% discount Chapters 00:00 Introduction and Updates 08:16 The David Protein Bar Lawsuit 21:43 Labeling Complications and Nutritional Misunderstandings 25:25 The Impact of TEF, Fiber, and Resistant Starches 34:00 The Impact of the Specific Food Matrix 37:22 More Research on Dietary Intake Versus Absorption 40:06 Nuances Behind Calories In vs Calories Out 47:00 Tracking Variable Foods Versus Keeping Food Choices Consistent (IIFYM/Flexible Dieting Implications) 57:06 The Case for "Eating Clean" Within a Flexible Dieting Framework

• Support & get perks!• Bayesian Modeling course (first 2 lessons free)Our theme music is « Good Bayesian », by Baba Brinkman (feat MC Lars and Mega Ran). Check out his awesome work !Takeaways:Q: Is generosity a natural human trait?A: Yes, generosity is hardwired in our brains and is essential for social interaction.Q: Why do people say they care about causes but not act on it?A: There is often a disconnect between stated care for causes and actual action. Understanding the conditions under which generosity aligns with a person's identity is crucial for bridging this gap.Q: How should fundraising efforts be approached?A: Fundraising should primarily focus on belief updating rather than mere persuasion.Q: What are the benefits of being generous?A: Generosity has significant mental and physical health benefits, as the brain's reward systems activate when we give, making us feel good.Q: How do our beliefs relate to our actions?A: Our beliefs about ourselves strongly influence our actions and decisions, including our decision to be generous.Q: Can generosity impact a community?A: Yes, generosity can be a powerful tool for improving community dynamics.Q: How can technology like AI assist institutions with donors?A: AI could help institutions remember donors better, improving the donor-institution relationship.Chapters:00:00 What's the role of Behavioral Science inPhilanthropy19:57 What is The Neuroscience of Generosity?24:40 How can we best understand Donor Decision-Making?32:14 How can we achieve reframe Beliefs and Actions?35:39 What is the role of Identity in Habit Formation?38:06 What is the Generosity Gap in Philanthropy?45:06 How can we reduce Friction in Donation Processes?48:27 What is the role of AI and Trust in Nonprofits?52:11 How can we build Predictive Models for Donor Behavior?55:41 What is the role of Empathy in Sales and Stakeholder Engagement?01:00:46 How can we best align ideas with Stakeholder Beliefs?01:02:06 How can we explore Generosity and Memory?Thank you to my Patrons for making this episode possible!Links from the show:Come meet Alex at the Field of Play Conference in Manchester, UK, March 27, 2026! https://www.fieldofplay.co.uk/Bayesian workflow agent skillNeurogiving, The Science of Donor Decision-MakingCherian's websiteCherian's press kitLBS #89 Unlocking the Science of Exercise, Nutrition & Weight Management, with Eric Trexler

In this episode, hosts Eric Trexler and Eric Helms explore a wide range of topics including the culture of bodybuilding, the impact of step counts on health, protein intake nuances, and the effects of various performance-enhancing drugs. They also address common misconceptions and recent research findings, providing practical insights for fitness enthusiasts and professionals alike. Be sure to support us (and our friends!) by using code "MRR10" for 10% off your order at elitefts.com Chapters 00:00 Intro 05:26 Who can claim to be a "Bodybuilder" 14:35 Protein Intake and Muscle Protein Synthesis 25:39 Soy Intake and Its Effects on Hormones 31:10 Step count "limits" 39:44 Clarification related to soy intake 44:32 Trex research updates & Constrained Energy Expenditure Model 56:50 Exercise energy compensation: natural vs enhanced lifters 01:04:52 Hypertrophy and Proximity to Failure: Insights from Meta-Analysis

In this episode of Iron Culture, Eric Trexler and Eric Helms discuss perpetually hot topics in the fitness and bodybuilding community, focusing on recent research findings related to training at long muscle lengths and the implications of muscle swelling on hypertrophy reserach. They explore the nuances of lengthened bias training, the importance of sampling variance in research, and the impact of muscle swelling on hypertrophy measurements. If you're in the market for some new lifting gear or apparel, be sure to use discount code "MRR10" for a 10% discount at elitefts.com Chapters 00:00 Intro 04:39 Research Roundup: Lengthened Bias Training 07:20 Study Findings and Interpretations 10:24 Contextualizing Research in Fitness 13:53 Incremental Improvements in Research 17:10 Understanding Muscle Mechanics and Training Equipment 23:23  Sampling Variance and Its Impact on Research Interpretation 37:33 The Debate on Lengthened vs. Shortened Training 49:20 New Insights on Muscle Swelling and Hypertrophy 58:46 Understanding Muscle Performance and Recovery 01:03:39 The Debate on Training Volume and Hypertrophy 01:12:09 Wrapping up

Want to get even more jacked? Grab the RP Hypertrophy App for your training, and maximize your gym efforts with the RP Diet Coach App to nail your nutrition. 00:00 - Intro 03:20 - Is the 10,000-hour rule a myth? 07:15 - Specializing too early 13:43 - Why Doing Multiple Sports Can Make You Learn Faster (and Win More Later) 24:29 - The Hidden Cost of Early Specialization: Burnout, Injuries, and Quitting the Game 28:08 - What Makes Kids "Great" Often Fails at the World-Class Level 31:13 - Youth Stars Rarely Become Adult Legends: The 90% Turnover Reality Check 35:32 - How Sticking With It Paid Off for Nick and Eric 48:00 - When It's Appropriate to Specialize | Limitations of Specializing 59:35 - Practical Playbook: The 4 Takeaways You Can Apply to Training, Parenting, and Progress

In this episode of Iron Culture, Eric Helms and Eric Trexler discuss the recent changes to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGAs) and the implications of these updates. They begin by addressing the shift in their podcast schedule, emphasizing the importance of mental health and balance in their work. The conversation then transitions into a detailed analysis of the new dietary guidelines, highlighting the complexities of the process behind their formulation. Helms critiques the influence of corporate interests and the political landscape on the DGAs, while also acknowledging the positive aspects of the new recommendations, particularly the increased emphasis on protein intake. The hosts explore the historical context of dietary guidelines, the evolution of public health messaging, and the challenges of effectively communicating nutritional advice to the public. In this episode, Eric Helms and MASS Research delve into the complexities of the latest Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGAs), discussing the implications of the visual representation of food groups and the recommendations for protein, fats, and processed foods. They critique the new guidelines for their lack of clarity and potential confusion, particularly regarding the emphasis on whole foods versus processed foods. The conversation highlights the disconnect between the written guidelines and their visual representation, which may mislead the public about healthy eating patterns. They also explore the political influences on these guidelines and how they may affect vulnerable populations, particularly in school lunch programs and social assistance programs. If you're in the market for some lifting gear or apparel, be sure to check out EliteFTS.com (and use our code "MRR10" for a 10% discount) Chapters 00:00 Introduction and Schedule Changes 07:15 The Dietary Guidelines Controversy 20:56 Understanding the Formation of Dietary Guidelines 32:30 The Influence of Food Industries on Guidelines 33:38 The Role of the Second Committee 43:49 Changes in Protein Recommendations 44:19 The Inverted Pyramid and Dietary Miscommunication 59:55 Understanding Fats in the New Guidelines 01:09:17 The Role of Full-Fat Dairy in Heart Health 01:15:06 Alcohol Consumption: New Guidelines Explained 01:21:52 Processed Foods and Public Health Implications 01:25:03 The Impact of Dietary Guidelines on Vulnerable Populations 01:30:34 Conclusions and Future Directions in Nutrition Guidelines

Want to get even more jacked? Grab the RP Hypertrophy App for your training, and maximize your gym efforts with the RP Diet Coach App to nail your nutrition. 00:00 - Christmas magic ✨ 04:10 - Dr. Mike's distain for modern Batman 06:05 - Bodybuilders ≠ Hollywood 12:20 - Muscle loss isn't one-size-fits-all 24:30 - Does diet duration effect muscle loss? 28:30 - Do men lose more muscle when dieting? 34:40 - Are people losing excess muscle on Ozempic? 40:40 - Organ size shifts when gaining and losing fat 44:00 - Factors that make muscle loss worse in a deficit 50:15 - Setting realistic body fat targets 1:00:00 - Best rate of loss / Protein intake / Cardio for muscle retention 1:06:00 - Objections to modern weight loss drugs 1:12:45 - Carb/macro intake for muscle retention  

In this episode of the Flex Diet Podcast, I'm joined by my good friend Dr. Eric Trexler, exercise scientist, educator, and Director of Education at Stronger by Science, for a wide-ranging, no-BS conversation on what physiology actually looks like in the real world.We dig into beetroot juice, nitric oxide, and “pump” supplements, why the blood-flow story is usually oversold, and why neuromuscular function and calcium handling may matter far more than chasing a swollen muscle. We also talk about why most supplement mechanisms sound great on paper… and quietly fall apart once you look at healthy humans who already function pretty well.From there, the conversation expands into human variability, elite athletic outliers, and why normal distributions actually guarantee that “freaks” exist — whether people are comfortable admitting it or not. We also unpack NEAT, energy expenditure, and why exercise doesn't scale linearly for fat loss, including how the body aggressively manages its energy budget when stress or activity gets too high.If you care about performance, body composition, or just understanding how the human system really works, this episode will recalibrate a lot of assumptions.Sponsors:LMNT: http://drinklmnt.com/mikenelson (automatically applied at checkout)Fitness Insider Newsletter: https://miketnelson.com/Shiftwave: https://shiftwave.co/drmiketnelsonEpisode Chapters:05:01 Diving into Beet Root and Nitrate Research05:58 Mechanisms and Effects of Nitrate Supplements10:14 Challenges and Insights in Supplement Research34:19 Elite Athletes and Physiological Variability43:16 Debating the Value of Outliers in Research44:38 The Importance of Studying Rare Genetic Conditions45:46 Challenges in Grant Writing for Rare Conditions47:39 Blood Flow and Muscle Performance49:14 The Science Behind Muscle Pumps and Hypertrophy56:09 Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity58:02 The Non-Linear Relationship Between Activity and Energy Intake01:01:28 Exercise, Appetite, and Weight Management01:14:19 Balancing Cardio and Strength Training for Optimal Health01:21:14 Closing Remarks and Resources Episodes You Might Enjoy:Episode 352: Dr. Dan Pardi on Stem Cells, Supplements, and the Future of Health with QualiaYouTube: https://youtu.be/8EZcHy_7wK8?si=aNGzT-abP9xbc6yUEpisode 343: Fueling the Corporate Athlete: Stress, Supplements & Performance with Dan HunterYouTube: https://youtu.be/0ek4XSs62RQ?si=czR_7q96jJDqXzcFConnect with Eric:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/trexlerfitnessGet In Touch with Dr Mike:Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/drmiketnelson/YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCn1aTbQqHglfNrENPm0GTpgEmail: https://miketnelson.com/contact-us/

In this episode of Iron Culture, hosts Eric Trexler and Eric Helms discuss various themes surrounding fitness, nutrition, and the importance of open discourse in the community. The conversation addresses criticism received from listeners, the role of cynicism versus skepticism in fitness discussions, and the necessity of engaging with differing perspectives for personal and professional growth. The episode concludes with a call for self-awareness and openness in navigating the complexities of fitness discourse. If you're looking for some high-quality lifting gear or apparel, be sure to visit elitefts.com and use our discount code "MRR10" for a 10% discount. Chapters 00:00 Introduction and Holiday Greetings 02:18 Tiny Utensils and Eating Behavior 05:40 The Controversy Surrounding Brian Wansink 08:23 Updates and Future Directions for Iron Culture 11:20 Addressing Criticism and Community Discourse 17:20 Navigating Evidence-Based Practice and Guest Selection 30:27 Evaluating Content and Moral Standards 32:35 The Role of Evidence in Interviews 34:11 Career Paths in Fitness and Coaching 36:54 Critiques and Misunderstandings in Fitness 40:34 Navigating Disagreements in Evidence-Based Fitness 46:16 Cynicism vs. Skepticism in Fitness Discourse 55:45 The Shift from Ideas to Personal Attacks 59:03 The Drama of Evidence-Based Fitness 01:01:47 The Importance of Empirical Science 01:06:14 Navigating Cynicism and Skepticism 01:12:21 Engaging with Different Perspectives 01:17:59 Self-Awareness in Fitness Discourse 01:24:08 The Role of Change and Growth in Fitness

In this episode of Iron Culture, Eric Trexler interviews Dr. John Rusin, a personal trainer and strength coach with a doctorate in physical therapy. They discuss Dr. Rusin's journey from working with professional athletes to focusing on general population training, emphasizing the importance of injury prevention and pain management. Dr. Rusin shares insights from his new book, 'Pain-Free Performance,' which outlines foundational movement patterns and the significance of individualization in training. The conversation highlights the need for a well-rounded approach to fitness that prioritizes health and longevity alongside performance. If you're in the market for some lifting gear or apparel, be sure to check out EliteFTS.com (as use our code "MRR10" for a 10% discount) If you want to check out Dr. Rusin's new book, app, or coaching services, check out these links: https://www.amazon.com/Pain-Free-Performance-Better-Smarter-Unbreakable/dp/162860509X/ref=zg_bs_g_4645_d_sccl_95/134-5360092-2910026?psc=1   becomeunbreakable.com   https://www.drjohnrusincoaching.com   If you want to stay up-to-date with Dr. Rusin, you can check out his website and social media profiles:   https://drjohnrusin.com   https://www.instagram.com/drjohnrusin https://www.facebook.com/drjohnrusin https://www.youtube.com/@Dr.JohnRusin   Chapters 00:00 Introduction to Dr. John Rusin 02:44 Journey from Athlete to Coach 05:52 High Performance Athletics and Injury Prevention 08:46 Transitioning from Physical Therapy to Performance Coaching 11:38 The Shift to General Population and Longevity 14:43 Understanding Pain and Movement 17:34 Foundational Movement Patterns in Training 31:44 Rebuilding the Foundation: Movement Patterns and Training 40:31 The Six Physical Characteristics of Health and Longevity 52:49 Individualization and Optimization in Movement 01:00:41 Empowering Pain-Free Performance

In this episode, Eric Trexler and Eric Helms begin by discussing Helms' competition updates and the sad state of affairs in academic publishing (that is, scientific journals). Eric and Eric then take a deep dive into the complexities of central fatigue, systemic fatigue, the accumulation of fatigue, and deloading strategies. The conversation emphasizes the importance of personalized approaches to recovery and the role of intensity in achieving hypertrophy. They close by discussing misconceptions surrounding fatigue management in bodybuilding, the necessity of understanding the mechanisms behind muscle growth, and how current trends in "evidence-based content" are leading new lifters astray. If you're in the market for new lifting gear or apparel, be sure to check out elitefts.com and use our code (MRR10) to get a 10% discount. Chapters 0:00 Introduction and Helms Bodybuilding Updates 5:17 A New Threat to the Integrity of PhDs 8:25 Academic publishing (i.e., scientific journals) is so over 26:52 Understanding Systemic and Central Fatigue 41:31 Holistic Approaches to Deloading and Fatigue Management 1:00:42 Tiger Balm and Icy Hot 1:08:04 Cardio (To Build Work Capacity for Bodybuilding) 1:15:41 Current trends in "evidence-based content" are leading new lifters astray

Want to get even more jacked? Grab the RP Hypertrophy App for your training, and maximize your gym efforts with the RP Diet Coach App to nail your nutrition. 00:00 – How many PhDs (1.5-2.5)? +/- Medical Dr. 02:30 - CPR & broken ribs 04:30 - How Mike's cheeks were shot off 15:54 - How fast does creatine start working? 23:30 - Top end dosage of caffeine 28:20 - Best form of creatine/dose 31:10 - Should you cycle creatine? 33:30 - Lower vs higher dosing 37:45 - Does creatine negatively affect kidney function? 44:00 - Does creatine help with brain function? 47:45 - What kind of results should you expect from creatine? 56:15 - Downsides of creatine supplementation 01:02:00 - Wrap up  

In this episode of Iron Culture, Eric Trexler and Dr. Eric Helms discuss Helms' upcoming bodybuilding competition, his preparation journey, and the importance of nutrition and recovery. They delve into various topics including auto-regulated dieting, GI issues, mini cuts, step counts, energy expenditure, and more. If you're looking for some gym gear or apparel, please be sure to support our friends over at elitefts.com (and use code "MRR10" for 10% off your order) Chapters 00:00 Introduction (Helms bodybuilding plans and updates) 12:38 new MASS issue (and importance of expectancy effects) 27:13 mini-cuts (pros and cons) 35:33 overcoming low appetite while bulking 39:53 Helms updated protein targets 44:26 Lead in protein supplements (and using EAAs as your main protein source) 52:33 Cardio approaches (substrate utilization and recovery considerations) 1:00:44 Dealing with insufficient sleep 1:07:26 Relationship between step count and energy expenditure

In this episode of Iron Culture, Eric Trexler and Eric Helms discuss significant updates in fitness research, particularly focusing on the constrained energy expenditure model and the effects of NSAIDs on muscle hypertrophy. They also revisit a prior episode about PhDs (how they're obtained and what they mean) by discussing the international differences in PhD programs. If you're in the market for some gym gear or apparel, be sure to support our friends at elitefts.com and use code "MRR10" for a 10% discount. Chapters 00:00 Intro 5:11 Constrained Energy Expenditure Model (background) 18:54 Did new research "debunk" the constrained model? 35:05 New Insights on NSAIDs and Muscle Hypertrophy 46:03 Caution with NSAIDs: Risks and Benefits 50:10 Understanding International PhD Structures

In this episode of Iron Culture, Eric Trexler interviews Wil Fleming, a level five senior international coach with USA Weightlifting. They discuss Wil's journey into Olympic weightlifting, the importance of mental resilience, and the technical aspects of teaching Olympic lifts. Wil shares insights on managing arousal levels during competitions, the significance of routines, and many other factors that contribute to successful weightlifting at the highest level. Be sure to support our friends over at elitefts.com by using our discount code (MRR10) to save 10% on your next order of lifting gear or apparel. Head over here to check out Wil's new book: www.strongmindtraining.com Chapters 0:00 Introduction 2:42 The Journey into Olympic Weightlifting 7:28 Teaching the Olympic Lifts: Progressions and Prerequisites 32:10 Mental Aspects of Weightlifting: Building Resilience 48:22 The Importance of Pre-Performance Routines 54:30 Mentally Preparing for Setbacks in Competition 58:32 Managing Arousal Levels in Competition 1:05:42 Water cuts in weightlifting 1:09:42 Final Thoughts and Book Info

In this episode of Iron Culture, Eric Trexler welcomes back Eric Helms, who clarifies recent misunderstandings about his commitment to the iron game. Helms shares insights from his recent travels, including a global education event with TechnoGym in Bali, and discusses the importance of cultural experiences in fitness education. The conversation also covers strategies for managing jet lag during international travel, the mechanics of hypertrophy, and the significance of community in fitness. As Helms prepares for upcoming competitions, he reflects on his journey in bodybuilding and the evolving landscape of the fitness industry. Need some lifting gear? Use our discount code (MRR10) over at www.elitefts.com Chapters 00:00 Welcome Back to Iron Culture 03:50 Clarifying Misunderstandings 09:51 Eric's Upcoming Competition 14:52 Travel Adventures and Experiences 23:42 Jet Lag and Nutrition Strategies 32:00 Engaging with the Fitness Community 39:39 The Rise of Science in Fitness 48:50 Hypertrophy and Leverage Data 01:20:46 Wrapping Up and Future Plans

Energy expenditure is one of the most fundamental yet often misunderstood aspects of human physiology. A central question is whether there is a ceiling to how many calories we can burn, and what happens when activity levels approach that limit. Grasping these dynamics is essential for health professionals and researchers, as energy balance directly influences body weight regulation, metabolic health, and athletic performance. Emerging research shows that our bodies regulate calorie burn not in a fixed manner, but through adaptation and compensation, revealing that the “calories in vs. calories out” model is far more dynamic than it may first appear. In this episode, we revisit key insights from experts such as Dr. Herman Pontzer, Dr. Brent Ruby, Dr. Mark Hopkins, Dr. Eric Trexler, and Dr. Chris Melby. These perspectives cover how the body adapts to different levels of physical activity, the metabolic adjustments during weight loss (often called adaptive thermogenesis), and the concept of energy flux in weight maintenance. Note: This episode is one of our Premium-exclusive episodes. To listen to the full episode, you'll need to be a Premium subscriber and access the episode on the private Premium feed. Otherwise, you can hear a preview of the episode on the public feed of the podcast. Timestamps [03:36] Contrained model of energy expendiure [12:33] What is the ceiling of human energy expenditure? [13:05] Reconciling energy intake and expenditure [13:32] Variability in metabolic rates [15:16] Adaptive thermogenesis and weight loss [18:37] Metabolic adaptation explained [31:51] Energy flux and weight maintenance Resources Subscribe to Premium Go to sigmanutrition.com Article: The “Calories In, Calories Out” Confusion: A Comprehensive Guide to Understanding Energy Balance Included episodes: 208 – Herman Pontzer, PhD | Constrained Energy Expenditure Model & Evolutionary Biology of Energy Balance 124 – Brent Ruby, PhD | The Human Ceiling of Energy Expenditure 299 – Mark Hopkins, PhD | Compensatory Eating & Activity Energy Expenditure 377 – Herman Pontzer, PhD | Metabolism, Mitochondria & Measuring Energy Expenditure 484 – Eric Trexler, PhD | Is Metabolic Adaptation an Illusion? 318 – Chris Melby, DrPH | Impact of Energy Flux on Weight Management

In this episode of Iron Culture, Eric Trexler is joined by Dr. Lauren Colenso-Semple to discuss various topics in fitness, particularly focusing on creatine supplementation, female-oriented creatine marketing, the rising popularity of creatine gummies, and several creatine myths. They discuss the importance of understanding the science behind creatine and debunk common misconceptions before moving on to discuss the role of exercise in bone health and fracture prevention. Need some lifting gear? Use our discount code (MRR10) over at www.elitefts.com Chapters 0:00 Introduction 3:45 Today's Show 5:38 Creatine for Women: Marketing vs. Science 9:09 Debunking Myths: Creatine Levels in Women 17:59 Issues With Creatine Gummies 24:48 Creatine Washout and Cycling 30:00 Creatine and Subcutaneous Water Retention 36:32 Training for Bone Health 46:22 Loading Recommendations for Bone Remodeling 50:05 Nuances in Bone Research 1:01:11 Dietary Considerations for Bone Health

In this episode of Iron Culture, Eric Trexler interviews Dr. Marc Lewis, the director of Applied Sports Science for the Houston Texans. They discuss the role of sports scientists in maximizing athlete performance through data collection, management, and analysis. Marc shares insights on the day-to-day responsibilities of a sports scientist, the importance of understanding athlete load and stress, and the evolution of sports science in the NFL. They also explore the future of sports science careers and provide advice for aspiring sports scientists. Need some lifting gear? Use our discount code (MRR10) over at www.elitefts.com Keep up-to-date with Dr. Lewis and his projects: https://drmarclewis.com/ Instagram: @marctlewis Twitter/X: @marctlewis Chapters 00:00 Introduction to Sports Science in Football 01:47 What Does a Sports Scientist Do? 7:26 From Data to Decisions 11:00 Navigating the Data Overload 23:13 Applied Data Versus Peer-Reviewed Evidence 27:20 Applying Sports Science Insights to Strength Coaching 34:46 The Reality of Overtraining in Elite Sport Versus General Fitness 45:17 The Extremes of Human Performance 51:01 Unique Needs of Elite Athletes 56:45 The Current State (and Future) of Sports Science in America 1:09:46 Building a Career in Sports Science

In this episode of Iron Culture, hosts Eric Trexler and Eric Helms discuss recent developments in college football and powerlifting, in addition to introducing their partnership with Elite FTS. The conversation shifts to a Q&A session where they address various topics, including collagen supplementation, creatine dosage, and the relationship between muscular endurance and strength. They also provide practical tips for reducing food focus during dieting and discuss the impact of hypertrophy on athletic performance. Need some lifting gear? Use our discount code (MRR10) over at www.elitefts.com Time stamps 00:00 Introduction (College Football & Powerlifting News) 04:25 Partnership with Elite FTS and Personal Experiences 11:50 Collagen Supplementation: Debates and Research Overview 35:37 Power Development: Training Volumes and Frequencies 49:00 Creatine: Dosage, Urination Frequency, and Cognitive Effects 1:03:18 Muscular Endurance: Training Insights 01:08:34 Hypertrophy and Athletic Performance 1:19:00 Creatine During Peak Week 1:19:58 Dieting Strategies and Food Focus

In this episode of Iron Culture, hosts Eric Trexler and Eric Helms discuss various topics including the ongoing debate about the relationship between muscle growth and strength gains. They discuss brand new findings from the largest and longest-running study on resistance training, explore the implications of "apparent" sex differences in strength gains, and emphasize the need for nuanced statistical analysis in understanding the factors that contribute to strength gains and observed sex differences. Want to read a thorough analysis of the article we discussed in this episode (and many more)? Support the show by joining the MASS Community at massresearchreview.com Chapters 00:00 Intro 09:10 The Debate on Muscle Size and Strength 12:30 New Research on Muscle Strength and Size 20:45 Exploring Sex Differences in Muscle Training 26:40 The Hierarchy of Evidence in Research 32:00 Relationships Between Strength And Muscle Size 36:40 Lifting For Sport: History And Changing Cultural Norms 39:00 Back To The Study Results (Understanding Sex Differences in Strength Gains) 42:15 Nuances of Statistical Analysis: Relationships Between Strength And Muscle Size 54:10 Aside About Collegiate Sports In USA 56:50 Causal Discovery Analysis in Strength Research 1:08:00 Summary and Conclusions: The Role of Muscle Growth in Strength Gains 1:21:45 Listener Question: Sample Sizes in Exercise Science 1:27:10 Outro

Get 10% OFF at elitefts (CODE: TABLE TALK): https://www.elitefts.com/  Shop Bands: https://www.elitefts.com/shop/bands.html   We welcome Eric Helms to this episode of Dave Tate's Table Talk Podcast!   Eric Helms, PhD, CSCS, is a WNBF Pro Natural Bodybuilder and internationally respected coach, scientist, and educator in the strength and physique sport world. Since 2009, he has coached with 3D Muscle Journey, where he now serves as Chief Science Officer. His coaching résumé includes national champions and world team athletes from five countries—three of whom became IPF World Champions. Eric has coached for Team USA, New Zealand, and Canada at IPF Classic Worlds, the Commonwealth Championships, and the inaugural Sheffield meet.   In academia, Eric is a Senior Research Fellow and Strength & Conditioning Lab Manager at the Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand (SPRINZ) at Auckland University of Technology (AUT). His research focuses on evidence-based practices for bodybuilding and powerlifting, bridging the gap between science and real-world performance.   Eric is also a prolific communicator of science. He co-hosts the popular Iron Culture Podcast, co-authors The MASS Research Review with Greg Nuckols and Eric Trexler, and has written foundational books on bodybuilding and powerlifting programming and nutrition.   Eric's IG: https://www.instagram.com/helms3dmj/   THANK YOU TO OUR SPONSORS  Get 10% OFF Your Next Marek Health Labs (CODE: TABLETALK): https://marekhealth.com/ Get a free 8-count Sample Pack of LMNT's most popular drink mix flavors with any purchase: https://partners.drinklmnt.com/free-gift-with-purchase?utm_campaign=agwp&am…   Save Up to 20% at Sleepme (CODE: TABLE TALK): https://sleep.me/tabletalk Get 10% OFF RP Hypertrophy App (CODE: TABLE TALK) :https://go.rpstrength.com/hypertrophy-app/  Get 10% OFF at elitefts (CODE: TABLE TALK): https://www.elitefts.com/  Get 10% OFF at Granite Nutrition (CODE TABLETALK): https://granitenutrition.com/?utm_source=podcast&utm_medium=audio&utm_campaign=Dave_Tate Save $250 at the Business of Strength Retreat 2025 (CODE: Elite250): https://bosretreat.com/ Support Massenomics! https://www.massenomics.com/     SUPPORT THE SHOW    All profits from elitefts Limited Edition Apparel, Table Talk Coffee, and Team elitefts Workouts, Programs, and Training eBooks support Dave Tate's Table Talk Podcast.    elitefts Shop: https://www.elitefts.com/  elitefts IG: https://www.instagram.com/elitefts/    elitefts  Limited Edition Apparel: https://www.elitefts.com/shop/apparel/limited-edition.html

3 hour video interview w Eric- https://youtu.be/mQ5xPrGqtLg We only back what we use—VersaGrips are a game changer. https://www.versagripps.com/pages/drmike Want to get even more jacked? Grab the RP Hypertrophy App for your training, and maximize your gym efforts with the RP Diet Coach App to nail your nutrition.   0:45 Eric Trexler intro 7:33 Pontzers paradox 14:15 Why this might happen 18:24 Your brains insane efficiency 26:52 MORE steps won't help 31:06 How legit is this research 34:42 Practical takeaways 40:53 How to calculate diet calories 48:36 Is super low calories unsafe 59:17 BMR vs RMR

Dr. Eric Trexler joins the podcast for a nuanced discussion on energy expenditure and endurance sports. He explains measurement methods, the constrained energy expenditure model and its interpretations, the difficulty of calculating your total energy expenditure and needs and practical solutions, some curious results from papers on energy expenditure in cycling grand tours, and much more.

Join hosts Eric Trexler and Eric Helms as they explore the potential "replication crisis" in exercise science, drawing parallels to the well-documented crisis in psychology. In this episode, they delve into the challenges of replicating research findings, the perils of placing too much confidence in singular studies, the importance of cautious interpretation of new studies, and the value of meta-analyses in understanding true effect sizes. Whether you're a seasoned lifter or new to the world of evidence-based practice, this conversation offers valuable insights into making informed decisions about your training. Time stamps: 00:00 – Introduction (and Helms' travel updates) 17:29 - Replication Crisis in Psychology: Discussion on the replication crisis observed in psychology and its implications. 32:45 – What is “replication” 44:36 – Results of “reproducibility project” in exercise science 1:00:04 – Why are replication rates so low in exercise science? 1:27:24 – What does this mean for “evidence-based fitness” and application of exercise science? Relevant links: www.massresearchreview.com https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26315443/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40522610/

In this episode of Iron Culture, Dr. Eric Trexler and Dr. Lauren Colenso-Semple discuss science related to attractiveness, coolness, and personality type. They explore scientific studies on the factors associated with perceived attractiveness and "coolness," discussing body fat percentages and societal perceptions. The conversation shifts to how personality traits appear to predict workout preferences and engagement in fitness, then they debate the importance of matching exercise to individual characteristics. Time stamps: 00:00 Introduction to Iron Culture and Guests 5:57 The Science of (Male) Attractiveness 10:39 Evolutionary Underpinnings of Male Attractiveness 13:53 Distorted Perceptions of Attractiveness (In the Fitness World) 20:10 The Irony of Pursuing Attractiveness 22:22 Body-Fat and Optimized Health 24:18 Surprising Article Feedback 28:50 Unrealistic Body Standards and Gender Perceptions 32:49 Achieving the Outcome Versus Doing Hard Things 35:07 Attractiveness is More Than Body Shape/Size 37:48 The Science of Being Cool 47:19 Matching Exercise To Personality Types References: Xia F, Sauciuvenaite J, Bissland R, Hambly C, Starr-Vaanholt L, Faries MD, et al. The relationship between body fatness and physical attractiveness in males. Personality and Individual Differences. 2025 Sep 1;243:113240. de Jager S, Coetzee N, Coetzee V. Facial Adiposity, Attractiveness, and Health: A Review. Front Psychol. 2018 Dec 21;9:2562. Brierley ME, Brooks KR, Mond J, Stevenson RJ, Stephen ID. The Body and the Beautiful: Health, Attractiveness and Body Composition in Men's and Women's Bodies. PLoS One. 2016;11(6):e0156722. Sorokowski P, Kościński K, Sorokowska A, Huanca T. Preference for Women's Body Mass and Waist-to-Hip Ratio in Tsimane' Men of the Bolivian Amazon: Biological and Cultural Determinants. PLoS One. 2014 Aug 22;9(8):e105468. Tovée MJ, Cornelissen PL. Female and male perceptions of female physical attractiveness in front-view and profile. Br J Psychol. 2001 May;92(Pt 2):391–402. Jayedi A, Khan TA, Aune D, Emadi A, Shab-Bidar S. Body fat and risk of all-cause mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Int J Obes (Lond). 2022 Sep;46(9):1573–81. Hu J, Chen X, Yang J, Giovannucci E, Lee DH, Luo W, et al. Association between fat mass and mortality: analysis of Mendelian randomization and lifestyle modification. Metabolism. 2022 Nov;136:155307. Ramlau-Hansen CH, Thulstrup AM, Nohr EA, Bonde JP, Sørensen TIA, Olsen J. Subfecundity in overweight and obese couples. Hum Reprod. 2007 Jun;22(6):1634–7. Wei S, Schmidt MD, Dwyer T, Norman RJ, Venn AJ. Obesity and menstrual irregularity: associations with SHBG, testosterone, and insulin. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009 May;17(5):1070–6. Liu Y, Hu X, Xiong M, Li J, Jiang X, Wan Y, et al. Association of BMI with erectile dysfunction: A cross-sectional study of men from an andrology clinic. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023;14:1135024. https://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2Fxge0001799 https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1587472/full

In this episode of Iron Culture, the Erics provide some updates, corrections, and clarifications related to their recent episode exploring the science of microplastics. After that they take a brief moment to celebrate the 100th issue of the MASS Research Review, then answer listener questions on topics including: tasty meat alternatives, programming supersets, scaling dietary variables for very small/short individuals, the pros & cons of "extended release" caffeine formulations, the utility & shortcomings of BMI as a health metric, and more. MASS is celebrating its 100th issue, but it's never to late to join in on the fun! Learn more at massresearchreview.com Also, don't miss Iron Culture's sister podcast,  ⁨@fpfpodcast⁩  hosted by MASS's very own Eric Trexler and Dr. Lauren Colenso-Semple Time stamps (coming soon): 0:00 Intro 0:58 Revisiting microplastics (updates, corrections, and clarifications) 25:08 MASS celebrates 100th issue 34:00 Well-wishes for bodybuilding legend Ronnie Coleman 41:37 Tasty meat alternatives 47:12 Programming supersets 49:23 Scaling dietary variables for very small/short individuals 57:10 The utility & shortcomings of BMI as a health metric 1:05:03 Individual response variation to training 1:16:12 The pros & cons of "extended release" caffeine formulations

In this episode of Iron Culture, Dr. Eric Helms talks about his forthcoming article in the MASS Research Review covering the purported harms of high-protein diets. This isn't your typical oversimplified dunk-fest that readily dismisses concerns about high-protein diets. Instead, Helms reviews a thorough paper that reviews common concerns in detail and assessed their plausibility in an objective manner. The claims include:  Claim 1 – protein reduces lifespan Claim 2 – protein makes bones weaker Claim 3 – protein harms kidneys Claim 4 – protein causes diabetes After that, Dr. Eric Trexler discusses a recent Instagram thread that pulled him into arguments against his will. The post was about his recent article on ketogenic diets and seed oils – two topics that are always bound to attract some controversy and heated debate. This conversation discusses the strengths and limitations of different types of scientific research and also touches on bias, objectivity, and the process of seeking the truth with an open mind. Time stamps: 0:00 Intro 3:00 Helms' new article about the purported harms of high-protein diets 19:25 Claim 1 – protein reduces lifespan 27:48 Claim 2 – protein makes bones weaker 43:38 Claim 3 – protein harms kidneys 50:53 Claim 4 – protein causes diabetes 57:22 Trex's social media beefs – keto and seed oils 1:03:40 Types of observational studies 1:08:35 Seeking truth versus defending biases 1:17:32 Limitations versus fatal flaws 1:24:19 Limitations of RCTs (randomized controlled trials) 1:32:23 Wrapping up

In this episode of Iron Culture, hosts Eric Trexler and Eric Helms discuss a variety of topics related to bodybuilding, nutrition, and fitness. First they share updates on Front Page Fitness and discuss some soon-to-be-released articles from the Mass Research Review, with topics including the implications of cold exposure, how much testosterone actually impacts muscle mass, seed oils, the effects of ketogenic diets on blood lipids, and eccentric training on muscle growth. The conversation also touches on the effects of alcohol consumption, navigating excess skin after weight loss, fat loading, sodium intake, metitation to acutely impact lifting performance, the effects of creatine supplementation, circuit training, and much more.   Time stamps: Coming soon!

In this episode of Iron Culture, hosts Eric Helms and Michael Zourdos reconnect and reflect on their experiences at the 2025 Sports Nutrition Association annual conference. Joined by guests Dr. Nick Washmuth and Kaylee Chism, they delve into the concept of daily 1RM training, discussing its origins, methodology, and findings from a recent study involving participants who maxed out daily. Insights from the participants reveal varied results and experiences, highlighting the mental and physical challenges of such a training protocol. The conversation also explores the importance of dosage, frequency, intensity, and the need for more empirical data to better understand the effectiveness of daily 1RM training. The episode covers various training protocols, particularly focusing on volume training and its effects on strength gains. The hosts and guests discuss personal experiences with different lifting protocols, the importance of balancing other lifts during intense training, and the recommendations for those interested in 1RM training. Additionally, they explore the intriguing concept of swearing as a performance enhancer, examining its psychological effects and potential benefits in athletic performance. Time stamps: Coming soon! Reminder:Don't forget to check out our sister podcast, Front Page Fitness, hosted by Drs. Lauren Colenso-Semple and Eric Trexler!youtube.com/@fpfpodcast

In this episode of Iron Culture, Eric Helms and Trexler welcome Maddie McConnell, a world champion natural physique athlete, to discuss the current trends in natural bodybuilding, her journey into the sport, and the challenges that come with being a world-class physique competitor. Maddie shares her experiences transitioning from a general fitness enthusiast to a physique athlete, the significance of her recent achievements, and insights into training and preparation. In this conversation, Maddie shares her journey as a vegan bodybuilder, discussing her training regimen, nutrition strategies, and experiences during competition prep. She emphasizes the importance of variety in her diet, the role of high-protein vegan sources, and the growing acceptance of vegan athletes in the bodybuilding community. Maddie also reflects on her future aspirations in the sport and the evolving landscape of natural bodybuilding. Time stamps: Coming soon! Reminder: Don't forget to check out our sister podcast, Front Page Fitness, hosted by Drs. Lauren Colenso-Semple and Eric Trexler! youtube.com/@fpfpodcast

In this episode of Iron Culture, host Eric Trexler and guest Jake Remmert discuss a new meta regression paper focusing on per session set volume and its impact on hypertrophy and strength. They explore the nuances of per session training volume, the implications of the findings, and address common misconceptions in the fitness community. The conversation emphasizes the importance of understanding the data and its limitations while providing practical applications for training. Time Stamps: 00:00 Introduction 00:30 Jake Remmert's Background and Journey 06:18 Transition to Research and Meta-Analysis 16:24 Exploring Per Session Set Volume 23:27 Methodological Approach to the Study 26:22 Results and Practical Applications 27:33 Defining Terminology and Effect Sizes 30:10 Exploring Hypertrophy and Set Volume Relationships 33:54 Practical Recommendations for Training Volume 37:43 Understanding Variance in Data and Its Implications 46:50 Transitioning to Strength Results and Their Insights 58:55 Practical Applications and Training Adjustments 01:03:26 Volume and Recovery: Finding the Balance 01:07:08 The Importance of Frequency in Training 01:10:00 Understanding Volume and Its Impact on Performance 01:12:32 Interpreting Research: The Nuances of Meta-Analysis 01:24:43 Final Thoughts

In this episode of Iron Culture, hosts Eric Trexler and Eric Helms discuss various topics related to fitness, nutrition, and hydration. They delve into the importance of hydration, the potential for overhydration, and the effects of vitamin C and gelatin on muscle recovery. The conversation also covers the debate between eccentric and concentric training for muscle growth, as well as the relationship between cardio and strength training. Throughout the episode, the hosts emphasize the need for evidence-based practices in fitness and nutrition, while also addressing common misconceptions in the fitness community.   To attend the upcoming SNA conference electronically and see the entire MASS team's presentations, you can find tickets here: https://sportsnutritionassociation.com/sna-annual-2025-conference/   To submit a question for us to answer on the show, head over to https://massresearchreview.com/ironculture/   Time stamps: 00:00 Introduction 04:28 Hydration: The Basics and Common Misconceptions 07:17 Research Insights on Hydration and Performance 10:26 The Impact of Dehydration on Training Adaptations 13:23 Overhydration: Risks and Considerations 16:37 Practical Hydration Tips for Athletes 19:28 Understanding Electrolytes and Hydration Strategies 22:22 Final Thoughts on Hydration and Performance 32:06 Understanding Supplements: DIM and Urine Color Changes 34:12 Vitamin C and Gelatin: Are They Worth It? 39:33 Micronutrients: The Balance of Too Much and Too Little 47:36 Eccentrics vs. Concentrics: Debunking Myths in Muscle Growth 55:24 Heart Rate Variability and Recovery: What You Need to Know 01:05:37 The Interference Effect: Cardio and Resistance Training Adaptations

In this episode of Iron Culture, hosts Eric Helms and Eric Trexler engage in a lively discussion with Dr. James Steele about the evolving landscape of sports science, particularly focusing on the critiques of periodization and the importance of scientific theory in exercise research. They explore the philosophical underpinnings of scientific inquiry, the challenges of conducting robust research, and the implications of recent studies on training effects. The conversation emphasizes the need for a more theory-driven approach in exercise science to enhance the validity and applicability of research findings. In this conversation, James Steele and Eric Helms discuss the intricacies of designing meaningful studies in hypertrophy research, emphasizing the importance of collaboration, causal inference, and the need for high-powered studies. They explore the challenges of resistance training research, the significance of theory corroboration, and the future directions for the field. The discussion highlights the necessity of passion and purpose in research, advocating for a focus on practical applications and the importance of understanding the underlying mechanisms of training effects. Time stamps: 00:00 Introduction 03:55 The Role of Periodization in Sports Science 11:45 Critique of Periodization and Scientific Methodology 24:50 Philosophy of Science in Exercise Science 33:12 Understanding Sports Science Models 35:56 Philosophy of Science in Sports Research 40:00 The Importance of Critical Thinking 44:35 Diving into the Study 48:38 Theory of Adaptation in Resistance Training 54:47 Intervention Effects and Practical Implications 59:10 Meta-Analysis and Evidence in Sports Science 01:19:50 The Value of Individual Studies vs. Meta-Analyses 01:24:03 Understanding Causal Inference in Research 01:27:41 The Importance of Baseline Theory in Training 01:29:28 Identifying Small Effects in Research 01:33:16 The Role of Collaboration in Sports Science 01:38:38 Leveraging Data for Performance Insights 01:41:08 The Distinction Between Sports Science and Exercise Science 01:44:59 Learning from Other Fields: Causal Inference in Sports 01:47:29 Passion and Purpose in Research 01:50:02 Concluding Thoughts on the Future of Research

Timeline: Get 10% off Mitopure, clinically proven to boost mitophagy.  Go to timeline.com/vanessa. In this episode of The Optimal Protein Podcast, I'm joined by Dr. Eric Trexler, a renowned researcher and expert in exercise science, nutrition, and body composition. We dive deep into the strategies you can use to optimize protein intake, preserve lean muscle mass, and enhance fat loss. Dr. Trexler shares actionable insights on how to structure your nutrition and training for better results — whether your goal is body recomposition, improved performance, or overall metabolic health. Key Topics Discussed: ✅ Protein Intake: How much protein you really need during fat loss to protect lean muscle. ✅ Protein Distribution & Timing: Why spacing your protein intake across meals can improve muscle retention and recovery. ✅ HIIT Training: How high-intensity interval training fits into a fat loss plan — and what you need to know for optimal results. ✅ Creatine & Caffeine: The science behind these powerful supplements and how whether or not combining them lowers the effects of creatine. ✅ The key differences between fasted vs. fed cardio for fat loss. ✅ Practical tips for ensuring your training and nutrition strategies are aligned for long-term success. Why You Should Tune In: If you're serious about preserving muscle while losing fat, this episode is packed with evidence-based insights you can apply right away. Dr. Trexler's expertise bridges the gap between scientific research and practical application, making this a must-listen for anyone focused on body recomposition and metabolic health. Get 20% off on the Tone LUX Crystal Red Light Therapy Mask Ketogenicgirl.com with the code VANESSA Join the Community! Follow Vanessa on instagram to see her meals, recipes, informative posts and much more! Click here @ketogenicgirl Follow @optimalproteinpodcast on Instagram to see visuals and posts mentioned on this podcast. Link to join the facebook group for the podcast: https://www.facebook.com/groups/2017506024952802/   The content provided in this podcast is for informational purposes only and should not be construed as medical advice. Consult with a healthcare professional before making significant changes to your diet or exercise regimen.

Timeline: Get 10% off Mitopure, clinically proven to boost mitophagy.  Go to timeline.com/vanessa. In this episode of The Optimal Protein Podcast, I sit down with Dr. Martin Refalo to discuss his brand-new study: Effect of Dietary Protein on Fat-Free Mass in Energy-Restricted, Resistance-Trained Individuals: An Updated Systematic Review With Meta-Regression (Refalo, Trexler, & Helms, 2025). This research provides an updated analysis of how dietary protein intake impacts muscle retention during fat loss in resistance-trained individuals. If you've ever wondered how much protein you really need while cutting to preserve muscle mass, this episode is for you! What We Cover in This Episode: -What does the latest meta-regression reveal about protein intake and fat-free mass during caloric restriction? -How does protein intake affect lean muscle retention across different levels of caloric deficits? -Does going above the commonly recommended 1.6 g/kg improve muscle retention? -What are the potential upper limits of protein intake for maximizing muscle preservation? -How does resistance training influence protein requirements during a diet? -Differences between male and female subjects—should women aim for different targets? -Practical recommendations for athletes, bodybuilders, and general fitness enthusiasts looking to optimize fat loss while keeping their muscle gains. Dr. Refalo, along with co-authors Dr. Eric Trexler and Dr. Eric Helms, has compiled the most up-to-date evidence to help you make data-driven decisions about your diet and training. Get 20% off on the Tone LUX Crystal Red Light Therapy Mask Ketogenicgirl.com with the code VANESSA Join the Community! Follow Vanessa on instagram to see her meals, recipes, informative posts and much more! Click here @ketogenicgirl Follow @optimalproteinpodcast on Instagram to see visuals and posts mentioned on this podcast. Link to join the facebook group for the podcast: https://www.facebook.com/groups/2017506024952802/

In tonight's episode of Iron Culture, Eric Trexler and Eric Helms discuss various topics related to fitness, training, and research. They share personal updates, including the toll that Helms' intense training regimen is taking on his face. The discussion then shifts to the upcoming NFL combine, highlighting the impressive athletic feats expected from past combine participants. In the main segment of the show, Trexler and Helms discuss the nuances of lengthened-biased training research – more specifically, why we shouldn't give up on the strategy just because a few studies reporting non-significant results have come along. In this conversation, Trexler and Helms explore the concept of sampling error in research, emphasizing the importance of understanding some foundational statistical concepts and the need for several studies to draw reliable conclusions. They explore the challenges of uncertainty in evidence-based practice, the balance to strike between mechanistic and empirical approaches to understanding exercise and nutrition, and the resistance to change in learning. Finally, they engage in a rapid-fire Q&A session addressing a handful of fitness-related questions. The MASS crew records Iron Culture LIVE on YouTube, Monday nights at 7pm eastern time. Be sure to join us for a future episode and say hello in the live chat!  If you'd like to submit a question or topic for us to address on an upcoming episode, please use this link:  https://massresearchreview.com/ironculture Time Stamps: 00:00 Introduction and why Trexler is worried about Helms 6:40 Q&A NFL Combine analysis Trexler 2017 Fat-Free Mass Index in NCAA Division I and II Collegiate American Football Players https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27930454/  13:18 Getting into the science with Helms' upcoming MASS article on long muscle length training Burke 2006 "Fat adaptation" for athletic performance: the nail in the coffin? https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16357078/ Nunes 2022 Systematic review and meta-analysis of protein intake to support muscle mass and function in healthy adults https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35187864/ Larsen 2024 The effects of hip flexion angle on quadriceps femoris muscle hypertrophy in the leg extension exercise https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39699974/ Gschneider 2024 The effects of lengthened-partial range of motion resistance training of the limbs on arm and thigh muscle cross-sectional area https://sportrxiv.org/index.php/server/preprint/view/485/version/624 Wolf 2025 Lengthened partial repetitions elicit similar muscular adaptations as full range of motion repetitions during resistance training in trained individuals https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39959841/ Kassiano 2022 Does Varying Resistance Exercises Promote Superior Muscle Hypertrophy and Strength Gains? A Systematic Review https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35438660/ Pedrosa 2023 Training in the Initial Range of Motion Promotes Greater Muscle Adaptations Than at Final in the Arm Curl https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36828324/ 29:59 Simulating a large lengthened-bias training dataset 42:28 Some points from Trexler Trexler 2019 Acute Effects of Citrulline Supplementation on High-Intensity Strength and Power Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30895562/ 1:02:56 Mechanisms vs experimental trials (uncertainty) 1:10:15 Using Large Language Models for statistical analysis (in R) 1:21:01 Q&A Rapid fire 1: Work and energy expenditure during eccentric contractions   1:23:22 Q&A Rapid fire 2: Waited vest upsides and downsides 1:25:47 Q&A Rapid fire 3: Protein recommendations for individuals who don't train their entire body 1:29:20 Q&A Rapid fire 4: Sprint cycling for quad hypertrophy   1:35:04 Wrapping up See the entire MASS team speak at the Sports Nutrition Association Annual Conference https://sportsnutritionassociation.com/sna-annual-2025-conference/

Iron Culture is officially part of the 3-plate club. In this episode of Iron Culture, hosts Eric Trexler and Eric Helms celebrate their milestone 315th episode while diving into various topics including testosterone replacement therapy (TRT), the efficacy of citrulline malate, training techniques for hypertrophy, managing tendinopathy, the health benefits of coffee, and programming for individuals with obesity. They also discuss how to improve training intensity and the importance of enthusiasm in lifting. Time stamps: 0:00 Introduction to another addition of Iron Culture 1:35 See the entire MASS team speak at the Sports Nutrition Association Annual Conference https://sportsnutritionassociation.com/sna-annual-2025-conference/ 5:55 Questions about testosterone replacement therapy Iron Culture Ep. 136- All About Testosterone & TRT (Yeah We Go There) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U5PDtstlmJ0 Tang Fui 2017 The effects of testosterone on body composition in obese men are not sustained after cessation of testosterone treatment https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28561278/ 20:42 An update on citrulline malate 30:18 Quantifying volume of time-saving techniques Coleman 2022 Muscular Adaptations in Drop Set vs. Traditional Training: A meta-analysis https://journal.iusca.org/index.php/Journal/article/view/135 Sødal 2023 Effects of Drop Sets on Skeletal Muscle Hypertrophy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37523092/  34:09 Eric's tips for working around tendinopathy 40:43 Is caffeine bad for teeth and substituting coffee for decaf? 47:31 Hip flexion training for rectus femoris hypertrophy 49:35 Resistance training prescription for people with obesity trying to lose weight 56:24 Defining and increasing training intensity 1:00:46 Training Hard Versus Training Smart

In this episode of Iron Culture, hosts Dr. Eric Helms and Dr. Eric Trexler are joined by Dr. Martin Refalo to discuss their recent meta-regression study on protein intake and its effects on muscle hypertrophy. They cover Martin's background, the initiation of the project, the methods used, and key findings, followed by a discussion of some critiques that have been generating discussion on social media platforms. The conversation emphasizes the importance of understanding statistical approaches in research and the implications of their findings for the fitness community. In this conversation, the Erics and Martin discuss the complexities of statistical modeling in nutrition research, the importance of parsimony, the risks of overfitting, and the challenges of controlling for covariates. The conversation also touches on the debate surrounding scaling protein recommendations by fat-free mass versus total mass, critiques of previous research on protein requirements for hypertrophy, and the ways in which these new findings support (and contradict) the authors' previously held biases. Throughout the episode, they reflect on the evolution of research in the fitness industry and the importance of engaging with critiques and feedback. Ultimately, they emphasize the need for thoughtful, contextualized, individualized application of their findings while acknowledging key limitations of their work. Time stamps: 00:00 Music 13:00 Introducing Dr Martin Refalo Iron Culture Ep. 197- Training To Failure: A Comprehensive Overview https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oa8Z-fUuiNU 18:23 How did we get to the meta-regression and an overview of the methods Refalo 2025 Effect of Dietary Protein on Fat-Free Mass in Energy Restricted, Resistance-Trained Individuals: An Updated Systematic Review With Meta-Regression https://journals.lww.com/nsca-scj/fulltext/9900/effect_of_dietary_protein_on_fat_free_mass_in.179.aspx Helms 2014 A systematic review of dietary protein during caloric restriction in resistance trained lean athletes: a case for higher intakes https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24092765/ 33:44 The main findings 43:53 Addressing the critiques 57:03 Scaling protein recommendations to fat-free mass vs body mass and why there was no break-point analysis Morton 2018 A systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of the effect of protein supplementation on resistance training-induced gains in muscle mass and strength in healthy adults https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28698222/ Tagawa 2020 Dose-response relationship between protein intake and muscle mass increase: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33300582/ Nunes 2022 Systematic review and meta-analysis of protein intake to support muscle mass and function in healthy adults https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35187864/ 1:20:40 The practical recommendations 1:35:44 Types and the categorization of data and the secondary analyses Murphy 2022 Energy deficiency impairs resistance training gains in lean mass but not strength: A meta-analysis and meta-regression https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34623696/ 1:51:57 Quick Q&A Software for systematic reviews and meta-analyses 1:53:40 Final thoughts on the research and closing out Where to find Martin: Instagram @mrfitness__ https://www.instagram.com/mrfitness__/?hl=en