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Richard Pazdur took the top job at FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research after receiving vows that he would be leading CDER free from political interference. On the latest BioCentury This Week podcast, BioCentury's analysts discuss the issues that could prove to be flashpoints between Pazdur and the heads of FDA and HHS, including personnel, RSV mAbs, puberty blockers and SSRIs.BioCentury's analysts assess bispecific innovation at the annual meeting of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) and the growing field of companies pursuing RNAi, many of which have multiple unpartnered assets. Also featured in this week's episode: new funds from European VCs Medicxi and Sofinnova Partners, FDA's new plausible mechanism pathway and the Trump administration's “most favored nation” drug-pricing plan, which is turning out to be much more less onerous to drug companies than its original description suggested. This episode of the BioCentury This Week podcast is brought to you by Voyager Therapeutics.View full story: https://www.biocentury.com/article/657631#RNAiTherapeutics #BispecificAntibodies #CD3TCellEngagers #MechanismOfAction #ImmunoOncology #PlausibleMechanismPathway #RegulatoryScience #ClinicalTranslation00:01 - Sponsor Message: Voyager Therapeutics 03:08 - FDA's Richard Pazdur13:08 - Plausible Mechanism Pathway19:30 - Most Favored Nation23:12 - Takeaways from SITC28:05 - RNAi in China33:21 - European VCsTo submit a question to BioCentury's editors, email the BioCentury This Week team at podcasts@biocentury.com.Reach us by sending a text

Send us a textGood morning from Pharma Daily, the podcast that brings you the most important developments in the pharmaceutical and biotech world. Today, we delve into a series of groundbreaking changes and innovations reshaping the landscape of drug development, clinical trials, and regulatory affairs.In a major move, Pfizer has successfully outbid Novo Nordisk to acquire Metsera for $10 billion. This strategic acquisition aims to bolster Pfizer's presence in the obesity treatment market by leveraging Metsera's GLP-1 receptor agonist technology. This acquisition underscores the continuing trend of consolidation within the pharmaceutical industry, enhancing competitive market positioning and reflecting a broader quest for novel therapeutic solutions.Eli Lilly has entered into a $1.2 billion collaboration with Sangenebio to advance RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics targeting metabolic diseases. This partnership marks a pivotal shift towards utilizing RNAi technology to silence disease-causing genes, representing significant progress in metabolic disease treatment. The focus on innovative delivery mechanisms and targeted interventions is critical for accelerating drug development and enhancing therapeutic efficacy.Onchilles Pharma's recent Series A1 funding round, securing $25 million, marks a notable advancement in oncology therapeutics. The company's focus on dual-action cancer biologics targeting the ELANE pathway offers promising insights into immune activation in solid tumors. This investment exemplifies the growing interest in biologic therapies that provide targeted cancer treatments, potentially leading to more effective options for patients.Regulatory advancements are also making headlines. Chongqing Precision Biotech has received approval for Pujiolunxi, a treatment for pediatric relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), broadening therapeutic options for this challenging pediatric condition. Furthermore, Alembic Pharmaceuticals' generic version of Dasatinib tablets has gained FDA approval for Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia, increasing accessibility to treatment.Several promising clinical trial results have emerged recently. Summit Therapeutics and Akeso Biopharma's Ivonescimab showed a 26% overall survival benefit in phase 3 trials for non-small-cell lung cancer. The potential of bispecific antibodies in combination therapies is gaining attention for its efficacy in difficult-to-treat cancers. Additionally, Regeneron's Dupixent has achieved phase 3 success in treating allergic fungal rhinosinusitis, reinforcing its role as a versatile treatment option across various inflammatory diseases.Advancements in cardiovascular therapeutics also continue to unfold. Merck & Co.'s Enlicitide Decanoate demonstrated over 50% LDL cholesterol reduction in a phase 3 study focused on atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease through PCSK9 inhibition. AstraZeneca's Baxdrostat showed significant blood pressure reduction in trials targeting treatment-resistant hypertension, highlighting the potential impact of aldosterone synthase inhibitors on cardiovascular health.The investment landscape remains robust with substantial fundraising activities such as Elephas Biosciences' $40 million Series B-2 for commercializing their live tumor profiling platform and Iambic's over $100 million series focused on AI-driven drug discovery. These investments underscore the industry's commitment to integrating advanced technologies like AI and live tumor profiling to enhance precision medicine capabilities.FDA regulatory updates are pivotal as well, notably with the decision to lift warning labels from hormone replacement therapy (HRT) products following an expert review that found previous warnings were based on misinformation regaSupport the show

One of biopharma's most memorable bidding wars finally came to an end on Friday—with Metsera right back in the arms of its original suitor, but with Pfizer paying around $10 billion for the rights to the obesity biotech, a nearly $3 billion increase over its original bid. But while Novo Nordisk may have bowed out of that race, the company still made headlines this past week, with CEO Maziar Mike Doustdar joining Eli Lilly head David Ricks at the White House on Thursday to announce a deal that will see their GLP-1 drugs offered at about $350 per month.   This marks a significant discount to the current list prices of $1086 and $1350 for Lilly's obesity drug Zepbound and Novo's comparator Wegovy, respectively. No matter how low they go, however, the GLP-1 leaders can still be undercut by compounders, Steven Grossman, policy and regulatory consultant and author of the FDA Matters blog, told BioSpace this week.   Speaking of Lilly, the Indianapolis-based pharma had a busy week, reporting 20% weight loss in a mid-stage study of its amylin agonist eloralintide that William Blair analysts said “validates [the] amylin agonist class.” Lilly also netted two new partners, inking a $1.2 billion RNAi pact with SangeneBio to target metabolic diseases and licensing a genetic eye disease therapy from MeiraGTx Holdings for up to $475 million.   On the regulatory front, the FDA awarded the second round of priority review vouchers under its new Commissioner's National Priority Vouchers program. Unlike the first cohort of vouchers, which was announced in October, this group mostly consisted of products already on the market—with the exception of Lilly's orforglipron.   Finally, BioSpace dives into one the hottest trends in the immunology and inflammation (I&I) space—pipeline-in-a-product. Possibly motivated by blockbuster drugs like AbbVie's Skyrizi and Rinvoq and Regeneron and Sanofi's Dupixent, companies are optimizing shots on multiple goals in this lucrative space.  

Varroa mites remain the most destructive pest facing honey bees today—but a revolutionary new treatment may finally shift the balance. In this episode, Jeff Ott and Dr. Becky Masterman welcome Adam Pachl, North American Technical Manager for Bee Health at GreenLight Biosciences, to discuss Norroa, the first EPA-approved dsRNA-based treatment for Varroa mites. Norroa introduces a fundamentally new approach: instead of killing mites outright, it prevents them from reproducing. Adam explains how this RNA interference (RNAi) technology works at the molecular level, blocking the mites' ability to lay viable eggs without harming honey bees or other organisms. He also shares insights from years of field research, including trials across five U.S. states that demonstrated dramatic improvements in colony survival and mite suppression. Becky and Jeff explore the implications of this technology for beekeepers of all scales—from hobbyists managing a few hives to large-scale commercial operations—and how Norroa fits into an integrated pest management strategy. The discussion covers everything from timing of application, compatibility with other treatments, and safety testing, to potential future uses of RNAi against pests like Tropilaelaps. For the first time in decades, beekeepers may have a tool that targets Varroa precisely and safely—without collateral damage to the bees they're fighting to protect. Websites from the episode and others we recommend: GreenLight Biosciences. “GreenLight Biosciences Launches Norroa, the First RNA-Based Treatment for Varroa Mites.” 25 Sep 2025. https://www.greenlightbiosciences.com/articles/greenlight-biosciences-launches-norroa-the-first-rna-based-treatment-for-varroa-mites  GreenLight Biosciences. “In the Pipeline: Protecting the Honeybee.” https://www.greenlightbiosciences.com/in-the-pipeline-protecting-the-honeybee  GeneOnline. “EPA Registers Norroa as First RNA-Based Treatment for Varroa Mites Threatening Honeybee Populations.” 25 Sept 2025. https://www.geneonline.com/epa-registers-norroa-as-first-rna-based-treatment-for-varroa-mites-threatening-honeybee-populations  Honey Bee Obscura Podcast: https://honeybeeobscura.com Project Apis m. (PAm): https://www.projectapism.org Honey Bee Health Coalition: https://honeybeehealthcoalition.org The National Honey Board: https://honey.com Honey Bee Obscura Podcast: https://honeybeeobscura.com   Copyright © 2025 by Growing Planet Media, LLC     ______________ Betterbee is the presenting sponsor of Beekeeping Today Podcast. Betterbee's mission is to support every beekeeper with excellent customer service, continued education and quality equipment. From their colorful and informative catalog to their support of beekeeper educational activities, including this podcast series, Betterbee truly is Beekeepers Serving Beekeepers. See for yourself at www.betterbee.com This episode is brought to you by Global Patties! Global offers a variety of standard and custom patties. Visit them today at http://globalpatties.com and let them know you appreciate them sponsoring this episode!  Thanks to Bee Smart Designs as a sponsor of this podcast! Bee Smart Designs is the creator of innovative, modular and interchangeable hive systems made in the USA using recycled and American sourced materials. Bee Smart Designs - Simply better beekeeping for the modern beekeeper. Give your bees a boost with HiveAlive! Proven to increase bee health, honey yield, and overwinter survival, HiveAlive's unique formula includes seaweed, thyme, and lemongrass, making it easy to feed. Choose from HiveAlive's Fondant Patties, High-Performance Pollen Patties, or EZ Feed Super Syrup—ready-to-use options for busy beekeepers. Buy locally or online. HiveIQ is revolutionizing the way beekeepers manage their colonies with innovative, insulated hive systems designed for maximum colony health and efficiency. Their hives maintain stable temperatures year-round, reduce stress on the bees, and are built to last using durable, lightweight materials. Whether you're managing two hives or two hundred, HiveIQ's smart design helps your bees thrive while saving you time and effort. Learn more at HiveIQ.com. Thanks to Strong Microbials for their support of Beekeeping Today Podcast. Find out more about their line of probiotics in our Season 3, Episode 12 episode and from their website: https://www.strongmicrobials.com Thanks for Northern Bee Books for their support. Northern Bee Books is the publisher of bee books available worldwide from their website or from Amazon and bookstores everywhere. They are also the publishers of The Beekeepers Quarterly and Natural Bee Husbandry. _______________ We hope you enjoy this podcast and welcome your questions and comments in the show notes of this episode or: questions@beekeepingtodaypodcast.com Thank you for listening!  Podcast music: Be Strong by Young Presidents; Epilogue by Musicalman; Faraday by BeGun; Walking in Paris by Studio Le Bus; A Fresh New Start by Pete Morse; Wedding Day by Boomer; Christmas Avenue by Immersive Music; Red Jack Blues by Daniel Hart; Original guitar background instrumental by Jeff Ott. Beekeeping Today Podcast is an audio production of Growing Planet Media, LLC ** As an Amazon Associate, we may earn a commission from qualifying purchases Copyright © 2025 by Growing Planet Media, LLC

Dóra Várnaitraduttrice del Premio Nobel László KrasznahorkaiLo scrittore ungherese László Krasznahorkai ha vinto il Premio Nobel per la Letteratura 2025. Gli è stato assegnato dall'Accademia Svedese «per la sua opera avvincente e visionaria che, nel mezzo del terrore apocalittico, riafferma il potere dell'arte».Krasznahorkai ha 71 anni, e nel 2015 vinse l'importante premio letterario Man Booker International. Si parlava di lui come di un possibile vincitore del Nobel da una decina d'anni, e vari suoi libri sono stati pubblicati in italiano da Bompiani. I più noti sono Satantango (1985) e Melancolia della resistenza (1989).Nato a Gyula, autore di romanzi e raccolte di racconti, nel 2015 ha vinto l'International Man Booker Prize, pubblicato in Italia da Bompiani, che ha in catalogo Satantango, finalista al Premio Gregor Von Rezzori e al Premio Strega Europeo 2017, Melancolia della resistenza, Il Ritorno del Barone Wenckheim, vincitore del National Book Award for Translated Literature nel 2019, Guerra e guerra e Seiobo è discesa quaggiù.La motivazione del Nobel a KrasznahorkaiIl premio va allo scrittore ungherese “per la sua opera avvincente e visionaria che, nel mezzo del terrore apocalittico, riafferma il potere dell'arte“.“Sono molto contento di aver ricevuto il Premio Nobel, soprattutto perché questo premio dimostra che la letteratura esiste di per sé, al di là di tutte le aspettative non letterarie, e che viene ancora letta. E a quelli che la leggono infonde una certa speranza nel fatto che la bellezza, la nobiltà e il sublime ancora esistono in sé e per sé. Può dare speranza anche a coloro nei quali la vita è viva appena.Fiducia – anche se sembra che non ve ne sia ragione.” László KrasznahorkaiDiventa un supporter di questo podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/il-posto-delle-parole--1487855/support.IL POSTO DELLE PAROLEascoltare fa pensarehttps://ilpostodelleparole.it/

In this episode of the Epigenetics Podcast, we talked with Mo Motamedi from the Center for Cancer Research at Massachusetts General Hospital about his work on RNA-mediated epigenetic regulation. The Interview starts with Dr. Motamedi sharing his personal journey into the realm of biology, sparked by a familial inclination towards science and a challenge to excel in a field that initially felt daunting. His passion was ignited during a genetics class, as he recognized the quantitative nature of the discipline amidst the evolution of modern techniques like qPCR and high-throughput sequencing. Dr. Motamedi goes on to articulate the importance of understanding the interplay between genetics and broader biological systems, emphasizing that an insightful grasp of evolution is vital for decoding cellular mechanisms. He reflects on his time in a postdoctoral lab under Danish Moazet, investigating RNA interference (RNAi) and its unexpected nuclear roles, contributing significantly to the understanding of how RNAi is involved in gene silencing via chromatin interaction. As his narrative unfolds, Dr. Motamedi provides deep insights into his own lab's work, which focuses on the establishment and maintenance of epigenetic states and their implications in cancer epigenetics. He discusses groundbreaking discoveries related to RNAi and heterochromatin, detailing experiments that unveil how specific proteins contribute to transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene silencing. A pivotal theme emerges: the complex dynamics of genome evolution and chromatin organization can be reshaped under various biological contexts, including the quiescent state of cells under stress. Moreover, the discussion traverses recent publications from Dr. Motamedi's lab, revealing how they identify long non-coding RNAs that function as silencers at centromeres, an essential mechanism that aids in the establishment of heterochromatin independently of RNAi. His findings advocate for the idea that well-structured genome organization can lead to more efficient gene regulation, which can also be crucial in therapeutic contexts for various cancers. References Motamedi, M. R., Hong, E. J., Li, X., Gerber, S., Denison, C., Gygi, S., & Moazed, D. (2008). HP1 proteins form distinct complexes and mediate heterochromatic gene silencing by nonoverlapping mechanisms. Molecular cell, 32(6), 778–790. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2008.10.026 Joh, R. I., Khanduja, J. S., Calvo, I. A., Mistry, M., Palmieri, C. M., Savol, A. J., Ho Sui, S. J., Sadreyev, R. I., Aryee, M. J., & Motamedi, M. (2016). Survival in Quiescence Requires the Euchromatic Deployment of Clr4/SUV39H by Argonaute-Associated Small RNAs. Molecular cell, 64(6), 1088–1101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molcel.2016.11.020 Joh, R. I., Lawrence, M. S., Aryee, M. J., & Motamedi, M. (2021). Gene clustering drives the transcriptional coherence of disparate biological processes in eukaryotes. Systems Biology. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.17.440292 Related Episodes Evolutionary Forces Shaping Mammalian Gene Regulation (Emily Wong) Chromatin Evolution (Arnau Sebé-Pedrós) The Role of lncRNAs in Tumor Growth and Treatment (Sarah Diermeier) Contact Epigenetics Podcast on Mastodon Epigenetics Podcast on Bluesky Dr. Stefan Dillinger on LinkedIn Active Motif on LinkedIn Active Motif on Bluesky Email: podcast@activemotif.com

O agronegócio brasileiro está passando por uma revolução silenciosa, trocando o trabalho braçal pela inteligência de dados. Liderado por uma nova geração de jovens inovadores, o setor se moderniza com o boom das agtechs, a ascensão de carreiras híbridas como analistas de dados agrícolas e a chegada de biotecnologias avançadas, como a ciência de RNA, para um manejo de pragas mais sustentável. No entanto, essa transformação enfrenta desafios como a escassez de talentos e a lentidão do marco regulatório, que podem frear o ritmo da inovação. O futuro do campo já chegou, e ele é digital, sustentável e orientado por uma nova mentalidade.

Welcome to HCPLive's 5 Stories in Under 5—your quick, must-know recap of the top 5 healthcare stories from the past week, all in under 5 minutes. Stay informed, stay ahead, and let's dive into the latest updates impacting clinicians and healthcare providers like you! Interested in a more traditional, text rundown? Check out the HCPFive! Top 5 Healthcare Headlines for August 31-September 5, 2025: 1. Mitapivat PDUFA for Thalassemia Delayed to December  The FDA extended the review timeline for mitapivat in thalassemia, with a new decision date set for December 2025. 2. Arcutis Submits sNDA for Roflumilast Cream 0.3% for Psoriasis in Children Aged 2-5 Years Arcutis submitted an sNDA seeking to expand roflumilast cream's indication to include plaque psoriasis in children as young as 2. 3. Zilebesiran, RNAi for Hypertension, Heads to Phase 3 Cardiovascular Outcomes Trial Alnylam is advancing zilebesiran into a phase 3 outcomes trial to evaluate its impact on cardiovascular risk in patients with uncontrolled hypertension. 4. RestorAATion-2: WVE-006 Achieves Durable Serum AAT Protein Production in AATD Wave Life Sciences reported durable serum AAT protein production with WVE-006 in AATD, supporting its potential for disease modification. 5. Phase 3 Data Show Amlitelimab Effective in Adults, Adolescents with Atopic Dermatitis Sanofi announced phase 3 results showing amlitelimab improved disease severity and skin clearance in moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis.

On this week's episode, hosts Paul Matteis, Sam Fazeli, John Maraganore, and Graig Suvannaveijh kick off the discussion with a more positive look at the sector and some of the fundamental factors at play. The group then shares an overview of Sanofi's 10% stock fall on the back of positive Phase 3 eczema data with worries about the Dupixent patent expiry. The discussion then turns to Insmed, a company that has had a monster year with the stock up 100% and a market cap of over $30 billion market. On the data front, the group highlights ApoC3 data from Ionis and Arrowhead at the European Society of Cardiology Congress 2025, which leads into a discussion around ASO versus RNAi. With multiple obesity readouts in recent weeks, the group theorizes on whether obesity is a zero sum game. It's a big year ahead for AD readouts and the hosts summarizes some important catalysts on the horizon. Other discussion topics include the launch of Corsera Health for cardiovascular prevention, Trump's Truth Social post on vaccine data, RFK Jr in front of congress, and public concern around access to vaccines. This episode aired on September 5, 2025.

Good morning from Pharma and Biotech Daily: the podcast that gives you only what's important to hear in Pharma and Biotech world.Novartis has increased its commitment to its partnership with Argo BioPharma by an additional $5.2 billion, focusing on RNAi agreements targeting cardiovascular diseases. This highlights the ongoing advancements and challenges in the biopharmaceutical industry. Biotechs are turning to special purpose acquisition companies (SPACs) as a way to go public amid the IPO freeze. Gene therapy, with its potential to cure deadly diseases, is still facing challenges in terms of insurance coverage in the U.S. The industry is seeing a shift with some of the biggest biotech SPACs from the 2021 bubble no longer on the market. Meanwhile, Cytokinetics' cardiac myosin inhibitor, aficamten, has shown promising results in a phase III study for patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. RFK Jr. has announced plans to reorganize chronic disease programs in the US to address high COVID-19 death rates. Companies like Novartis and Arrowhead are making significant commitments to various programs, while Trump's efforts to shore up the pharma supply chain with U.S. API are being questioned. Novartis continues its cutting spree with layoffs in New Jersey.These developments shed light on the evolving landscape of the biopharmaceutical industry.

On this episode of The Agronomists, host Lyndsey Smith is joined by guests Dr. Liping Wang from the University of Guelph and Chris Manchur from the Canola Council of Canada to discuss RNAi technology and CRISPR technology, how they work, and how these plant breeding techniques could impact cropping decisions in the future. From what... Read More

On this episode of The Agronomists, host Lyndsey Smith is joined by guests Dr. Liping Wang from the University of Guelph and Chris Manchur from the Canola Council of Canada to discuss RNAi technology and CRISPR technology, how they work, and how these plant breeding techniques could impact cropping decisions in the future. From what... Read More

RNAi has changed the way that rare diseases are treated - is it about to do the same for more common conditions?Alnylam was the very first company to translate RNAi from Nobel Prize winning science into a commercially scalable platform. Founded in 2002, the company today has five different RNAi therapies on the market and a pipeline that continues to expand. While their early focus was on rare disease, today they are expanding into more common conditions, partnering with top pharma companies to bring next-generation therapies to market.This week I sat down with Paul Nioi, Senior Vice President of Research at Alnylam. Paul has more than 20 year's experience in biotech and biopharma, and he walked me through Alnylam's mission and place in the biotech ecosystem, the science of RNAi, the early success treating metabolic disease, and exactly where their platform is expanding into now and in the near future. Paul explains the capacity of RNAi to address neurological and infectious disease, the value of large-scale genomic initiatives, and how he sees drug discovery evolving in the years ahead.01:29               Meet Paul Nioi08:56               Alnylam, its mission, and its science14:35               Two types of partnerships: top pharma, and genomic initiatives22:34               RNAi therapies on the market for rare disease27:29               Expanding into more common conditions32:17               INHBE mutations and cardiometabolic disease35:01               Working with Roche to target hypertension38:58               Looking forward: Alnylam's platform in the near future41:49               What role for national genomic initiatives?45:16               RNAi's place in a future of precision medicineInterested in being a sponsor of an episode of our podcast? Discover how you can get involved here! Stay updated by subscribing to our newsletterTo dive deeper into the topic: mRNA, RNAi, circRNA, ASOs: A comparative guide to RNA therapeuticsSix biotech companies leading the charge in hemophilia treatmentEpisode 159: Day One DNA - How and why the UK is betting on whole genome sequencing for every newborn

Good morning from Pharma and Biotech daily: the podcast that gives you only what's important to hear in Pharma and Biotech world. Sarepta has released new safety data for their gene therapy Elevidys, showing zero ambulatory deaths in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. This data confirms the therapy's positive risk/benefit profile. Meanwhile, Novo Nordisk's rapid rise and fall was driven by GLP-1s like Ozempic and Wegovy, leading to a plummet in stock value. Insmed has received FDA approval for the first bronchiectasis drug and DPP1 blocker, Brinsupri. Texas has accused Eli Lilly of "bribing" prescribers to push their drugs Mounjaro and Zepbound, leading to a new lawsuit. Genscript is entering a new era of innovation and trust, offering exclusive promos and events. Additionally, Tang Capital is on a buyout binge in the biotech industry, while a top ARPA-H official has departed in protest of cuts to mRNA funding. The biotech industry continues to see contractions with companies like AbSci, Fate, and Oric downsizing. In career advice, loyalty is seen as a flawed strategy that can cost individuals opportunities.Arrowhead, a biotech company, has emerged as a savior in the RNA interference (RNAi) pipeline after Sarepta faced troubles unrelated to Arrowhead's assets. Concentra Biosciences, a biotech shell company, has been on a buying spree, acquiring four biotechs in the past month and seven so far this year. President Trump's most favored nation drug pricing policy is seen as unfavorable for all parties involved. Novo Nordisk experienced a rapid rise and fall due to the success of ozempic and wegovy. Lilly is facing drug pricing pressure while defending its injectable GLP-1 empire. Novartis is rumored to be considering acquiring RNA specialist Avidity. Despite safety concerns, Sarepta beat Q2 estimates, but not due to sales of its product Elevidys. Various biotech companies are downsizing while others are receiving significant investments.

Önsértés - Dr. Várnai Nikolett - Valódi nők 2025. 07. 04. - 8 óra by MannaFM

In this episode of IDEA Collider, we dive into the world of biotech innovation with John Maraganore, former CEO of Alnylam Pharmaceuticals. Recognized as a trailblazer, John transformed RNA interference from a scientific concept into a revolutionary class of medicines, leading the development of five life-changing drugs. Join us as we explore John's journey from a first-generation American with Greek immigrant parents to a key figure in biomedicine. We'll discuss his education at the University of Chicago, his leadership role at Alnylam, drug delivery challenges for RNAi therapeutics, and the importance of strategic pharmaceutical alliances. John also shares his take on the current biotech environment, the impact of policy and regulation, and the promising future of genetic medicines and AI in drug discovery. Chapter Summaries;00:00 Introduction to John Maraganore: Biotech Trailblazer01:11 John's Early Life and Education03:09 Joining Alnylam and the RNAi Revolution04:56 Challenges and Successes at Alnylam06:47 Current Biotech Funding Environment08:17 Global Competition and US Leadership in Biotech10:25 The Importance of In-Person Collaboration12:01 Overcoming Drug Delivery Hurdles15:21 Maintaining an Entrepreneurial Spirit in Biotech17:00 Balancing Science and Business in Decision Making20:27 Strategic Partnerships in Biotech23:36 The Role of Biotech in Global Challenges26:25 Advocating for Policy Changes in Biotech30:41 Mentoring the Next Generation of Biotech Leaders32:35 Future Frontiers in Biotech Innovation36:08 John's Vision for the Future of Biomedicine37:18 Communicating Innovation and LeadershipDon't forget to Like, Share, Subscribe, Rate, and Review! Keep up with John Maraganore;LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/john-maraganore/ Follow Mike Rea On;Website: https://www.ideapharma.com/X: https://x.com/ideapharmaLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/bigidea/ Listen to more fantastic podcast episodes: https://podcast.ideapharma.com/

We love to hear from our listeners. Send us a message. On today's episode, Tolga Tanguler, EVP and Chief Commercial Officer at Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, talks about commercializing RNAi therapies, how they fit into health insurance reimbursement systems, the company's use of value-based contracts, and building therapeutic franchise "skyscrapers." Tangular also shares his thoughts on commercializing RNAi therapies for larger patient populations, compared with rare disease populations, and reflects on changes in the biopharmaceutical sales and promotion model.This episode is brought to you by Avantor. For more information, visit avantorsciences.comAccess this and hundreds of episodes of the Business of Biotech videocast under the Business of Biotech tab at lifescienceleader.com. Subscribe to our monthly Business of Biotech newsletter. Get in touch with guest and topic suggestions: ben.comer@lifescienceleader.comFind Ben Comer on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/bencomer/

Flera amerikanska universitet har fått krav på sig att bland annat ändra sin antagning. Ansedda Harvard nobbar kraven och fråntas 2 miljarder dollar. Lyssna på alla avsnitt i Sveriges Radio Play. Hör USA-korrespondenten Ginna Lindberg om kraven och om Harvard-rektorns svar till Trump. Det handlar också om att en liten RNAi-molekyl provas mot de varroa-kvalster som är ett problem i bikupor, och om att läsa böcker respektive lyssna på dem.Programledare och producenter:Gustaf Klaringustaf.klarin@sverigesradio.seCamilla Widebeckcamilla.widebeck@sverigesradio.se

Baylor College of Medicineの山本慎也さんがゲスト。前編。ツールとしてハエを使うNeuroscientistと脳を見ているハエGeneticistの違い、ハエForward geneticsからヒト希少疾患研究に繋がった経緯、Living test tubeとしてのハエの魅力、Reverse geneticsによるヒト化ハエのRare disease・Common disease・感染症研究への応用について (3/28収録)Show Notes (番組HP):山本さんラボHP(更新が滞りがち) LinkedInベイラー医科大学動物育種繁殖学教室今川和彦先生着床現象は種特異的臍帯形成などに異常があるVps26a(Hβ58)の変異マウス 1 2Hugo BellenJan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research InstituteHugoによるレビューScott Emr武田洋幸先生多羽田哲也先生後藤聡先生Retromer ComplexとWnt signalingに関する論文(４本じゃなくて５本でした：Dev Cell x3 + NCB x2) 1 2 3 4 5Gerry RubinAllan SpradlingThomas CechSeymour Benzer追悼記事 1 2Thomas Hunt Morganハエ研究の黎明期メンデルによる遺伝子の提唱と再発見津田梅子先生がMorganのところでやった仕事メンデルの法則Hermann Muller放射線による遺伝子の破壊・改変を発見Marie Curieの死因発生生物学者と遺伝学者は仲が悪かった最初のNotchミュータントの欠けている翅HomozygousだとNeurogenic phenotypeAntennapediaとUltrabithoraxハエの記憶に関する最初の報告この系をつかった最初のL&Mの変異体、dunceの論文(cAMPの分解酵素)サーカディアンリズムのperiod変異体の論文ShibireはDynaminに関する変異体Kir2.1NaChBac遺伝学的手法を用いてハエの神経活動を操作する(リンク先Table2)GSAによるショウジョウバエの学会CSHLのNeurobiology of DrosophilaJaneliaのconferenceNRでショウジョウバエを扱った回Forward genetics(順遺伝学)とReverse genetics(逆遺伝学)Chemical mutagenesisではEMSやENUがよく用いられるarmadillo (arm)＝ハエのβ-Catenin Christiane Nüsslein-VolhardEric WieschausThe Heidelberg screen回顧録MARCM利根川先生のCaMKII-Creを用いたconditional KO (訂正：CaMKIIをcKOしたんじゃなくて、CaMKII-Creを用いて別の遺伝子をcKOしてましたね。 by 山)Flp/FRTとEMSを組み合わせることによるモザイク・スクリーニングの初出論文　レビューハエのElectroretinogram(ERG) 1 2ｍusashiとハエの感覚毛の４細胞感覚ユニット岡野先生らによるmusashi発見博士の時にやったスクリーニング結果をヒト希少疾患と結びつけたCell論文ApoE2とE4: 逆でした (by 山)ヒトゲノム計画におけるBaylorの貢献HapMap project1000 Genomes projectCenter for Mendelian GenomicsRichard GibbsJames LupskiSynteny(シンテニー)Complementation test(相補性検定)LiqinのMARCM EMS Screenの例Hippo signaling pathway レビューこのPathwayのコアのhippoという遺伝子は４つのラボで同時期にFLP/FRTスクリーニングなどを通じてみつかりました（Cell２本、NCB２本）  1 2 3 4ハエのin vivo RNAiのライブラリ 1 2 3RNAiとEMSで見えてくる遺伝子が違う：Cell論文のFig. 2CRISPRも含めて、Mammalの例 1 2Rett Syndromeの原因遺伝子はMECP2Huda Zoghbiハエ遺伝子のヒト化T2A-GAL4Kozak-GAL4Mutationの機能的分類(Muller's morphs)Undiagnosed Diseases Network(UDN)NIH CommonfundBRAIN initiativeUDN Model Organisms Screening Center

Good morning from Pharma and Biotech daily: the podcast that gives you only what's important to hear in Pharma e Biotech world.Sanofi and Alnylam have received FDA approval for the first RNAi treatment for hemophilia, with the drug, Qfitlia, indicated for both hemophilia A and B. This approval is significant as it can be given regardless of the presence of neutralizing antibodies against clotting factors VIII or IX. However, the sudden departure of FDA director Peter Marks has caused uncertainty in the biopharma industry. In other news, Vertex has cut a diabetes asset but analysts remain optimistic about their phase III option. Lilly's RNA silencer has shown promising results in lowering a key cardiovascular biomarker. Trilink is offering custom guide RNAs for CRISPR workflow to accelerate therapy discoveries. Despite market challenges, the cell and gene therapy sector has seen a 30% investment surge. Companies like Amgen, Aldeyra, and Argenx are among those with upcoming FDA actions. Arbutus has announced layoffs, while big pharmas are pushing boundaries in radiopharmaceuticals. Michelle Werner of AltoRNA is focused on making better drugs. Safety questions are looming in Duchenne as Dyne and Wave plan FDA filings. There are job opportunities available in data management and program leadership within the biopharma industry.Moving on to other news, several big pharmaceutical companies such as Novartis, Bayer, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Eli Lilly are competing in the radiopharmaceuticals market, which is projected to be worth over $13 billion by 2033. The FDA is expected to announce decisions on therapies for dry eye disease soon. Michelle Werner, CEO of AllTrna, is focused on developing trna-based treatments for various diseases.Safety concerns are emerging in the Duchenne muscular dystrophy space as companies like Dyne and Wave plan FDA filings. The EU rejected Lilly's Alzheimer's drug Kisunla, Biontech's bispecific showed promise in treating SCLC patients, and Wave's duchenne exon-skipper reversed muscle damage in a mid-stage trial. Job opportunities within the biopharma industry were also highlighted for those interested.Thank you for tuning in to Pharma and Biotech daily - keeping you updated on all the latest news in the world of pharmaceuticals and biotechnology.

President Donald Trump doubled down on tariff threats targeting pharma, saying additional levies on pharmaceuticals will come “at some point,” per CNBC. Meanwhile, Johnson & Johnson became the latest big pharma to respond to Trump's warning of potential tariffs if companies don't reshore their manufacturing, announcing a massive $55 billion U.S. manufacturing and R&D investment. Not all companies are on board, however: AstraZeneca is looking eastward, pumping $2.5 billion into a new research facility in Beijing.    Also on the policy front, Trump nominated acting CDC director Susan Monarez for the top job after pulling his first nominee, Dave Weldon, days before his senate hearing was expected to begin. If confirmed, Monarez would be the first CDC director since 1953 to not have a medical degree; she holds a Ph.D. in microbiology and immunology from the University of Wisconsin.   In weight loss news, Novo Nordisk is paying China-based United Laboratories $200 million upfront to license a triple agonist of the GLP-1, GIP and glucagon receptors that could one day compete with Eli Lilly's retatrutide. And BioSpace examines the next great challenge for GLP-1s: oral formulation manufacturing.    Two more therapeutic spaces in focus last week are Duchenne muscular dystrophy and spinal muscular atrophy, where companies including Dyne Therapeutics, REGENXBIO and Novartis presented new data on their respective candidates. And the Duchenne community continued to react to news of the death of a patient taking Sarepta's approved gene therapy Elevidys.  In cardiovascular news, Alnylam won a much-anticipated approval for Amvuttra as the first RNAi silencer for transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy, setting up a three-way race with Pfizer's tafamidis—marketed as Vyndaqel and Vyndama—and BridgeBio's Attruby. Next up is Milestone Therapeutics' CARDAMYST in paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, which has a PDUFA date of March 27.   Finally, the saga of Cassava Sciences' Alzheimer's hopeful simufilam is over, as the company announced it has ended development of the controversial candidate.   

Good morning from Pharma and Biotech daily: the podcast that gives you only what's important to hear in Pharma and Biotech world.The CDC has rescheduled a vaccine meeting for April, while President Trump is considering Texas Republican Michael Burgess as the new director of the agency. J&J's Tremfya has won approval for expansion in treating Crohn's disease, while Adaptimmune is facing financial uncertainty despite sales of its T cell therapy. Alnylam's Amvuttra has been approved as the first RNAi silencer for a rare type of cardiomyopathy, setting up competition with Pfizer and BridgeBio. Sino Biological has developed reagents for the 2025-2026 influenza vaccine strains. In other news, J&J plans to boost US manufacturing following tariff threats, Novartis' Fabhata has been approved as the first therapy for a rare kidney disease, and Sanofi commits up to $1.9 billion for Dren Bio's bispecific antibody for autoimmune diseases. Paratek has acquired Optinose for up to $330 million, Purdue Pharma has filed for bankruptcy again to support an opioid settlement, and Novartis' Zolgensma has been found effective in older children.The FDA has approved Alnylam's Amvuttra as the first RNAi silencer for a rare type of cardiovascular disease called ATTR-CM, following the approval of BridgeBio's Attruzy for the same condition. This approval has sparked a three-way race in the rapidly expanding space, with Pfizer's Tafamidis also in the competition. Alnylam is optimistic about Amvuttra's unique mechanism of action, which targets the disease at its source by rapidly reducing the disease-causing TTR protein. This approval comes after Attruzy was also approved for polyneuropathy of hereditary transthyretin-mediated (hATTR) amyloidosis in June 2022. This development has brought cardiovascular disease back into the spotlight, with other companies launching new drugs and treatments for various heart conditions.

Welcome to HCPLive's 5 Stories in Under 5—your quick, must-know recap of the top 5 healthcare stories from the past week, all in under 5 minutes. Stay informed, stay ahead, and let's dive into the latest updates impacting clinicians and healthcare providers like you! Interested in a more traditional, text rundown? Check out the HCPFive! New ACP Guidelines Recommend Adding Triptan to NSAID or Acetaminophen for Migraines The American College of Physicians now recommends adding a triptan to NSAIDs or acetaminophen for moderate to severe acute migraines and urges clinicians to initiate combination therapy early. Automated Insulin Delivery Effectively Lowers HbA1c in Type 2 Diabetes  Tandem Diabetes Care's Control-IQ+ automated insulin delivery system led to greater HbA1c reduction than continuous glucose monitoring alone in adults with insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes. FDA Approves Guselkumab (Tremfya) For Crohn's Disease  The FDA approved guselkumab for moderately to severely active Crohn's disease based on phase 3 trial data demonstrating superior efficacy over ustekinumab on endoscopic endpoints. FDA Approves Oral Iptacopan (Fabhalta) as First C3 Glomerulopathy Therapy  The FDA approved iptacopan as the first therapy for C3 glomerulopathy, with phase 3 data showing significant proteinuria reduction and sustained efficacy at 12 months. FDA Approves Vutrisiran (AMVUTTRA) for ATTR-CM  The FDA expanded vutrisiran's approval for cardiomyopathy in transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis, making it the first RNAi therapeutic to reduce cardiovascular mortality and hospitalizations in ATTR-CM.

A patient with Duchenne muscular dystrophy taking Sarepta's gene therapy Elevidys has died of acute liver failure, possibly related to a recent viral infection. Sarepta, which said it will update Elevidys' label to reflect the new safety signal, saw its shares drop 22% on the news but analysts still seem positive on the drug, as treatment options for Duchenne remain limited.Meanwhile, both AstraZeneca and Taiho Pharmaceuticals announced acquisitions worth up to $1 billion or more in two sizzling therapeutic spaces, cell therapy and antibody-drug conjugates, respectively.Despite canceling a vaccine advisory committee late last month, the FDA on Thursday selected flu strains to be targeted in the upcoming 2025-2026 flu season. And at another federal agency, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, employees will have to wait a bit longer to see who will take the helm under Donald Trump, as the president's nominee, Dave Weldon, was pulled hours before he was set to appear before a Senate committee on Thursday. Like HHS Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr., Weldon has expressed anti-vaccine views in the past, particularly his continued suggestion of the link between vaccines and autism. Guggenheim Partners called the move to revoke Weldon's nomination “a positive sign for reigning in vaccine criticism.”In the weight loss arena, BioSpace takes deep dives into the tendency for biopharma to develop fast-followers, or me-too drugs—following a pattern seen with PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors after the approvals of Merck's Keytruda and Bristol Myers Squibb's Opdivo. One key difference between these two markets, however, is that when it comes to GLP-1s for weight loss, patients are not staying on these medicines. Drug developers are trying several approaches to improve treatment persistence, including titration, combinations and even secondary drugs that address side effects. They're also making other moves to differentiate themselves, including focusing on overall health outcomes—in areas like cardiovascular, sleep apnea and kidney disease.Following on BioSpace's coverage of the major patent cliffs that many Big Pharma companies are facing in coming years, we also take a look back at some of the companies that have already weathered such loss of exclusivity. It's rarely a straightforward story of sales crashing off patent, as companies take various tacks to extend their blockbuster sales.Finally, the cardiovascular space is expecting some movement this week. First, Alnylam is anticipating a decision on its RNAi silencer Amvuttra in ATTR-CM. An approval—which is widely expected—would make three companies on the market in this rapidly expanding space after Pfizer's tafamidis was approved in May of 2019, and BridgeBio's Attruby got the greenlight in November last year. And second, Milestone Pharmaceutical has a PDUFA coming up for etripamil in paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia.

Kick off 2025 with an insightful conversation featuring Dr. David Peck, Director of Research and Education at Betterbee, as he joins Jeff and Becky to discuss the year's hottest trends and challenges in beekeeping. From cutting-edge varroa control methods to potential impacts of the invasive yellow-legged hornet, this episode is packed with valuable information for beekeepers of all levels. David shares exciting updates on new mite control products, including VarroxSan and RNAi technology, and highlights the growing popularity of biotechnical strategies like brood breaks. The discussion also dives into the concerning presence of yellow-legged hornets in the southeastern U.S., exploring their potential impact on honey bee colonies and the industry's efforts to contain them. On a lighter note, discover how Betterbee's innovative products, like the upgraded Hogg Halfcomb system, make comb honey production more accessible for beekeepers. Plus, hear about Dr. Peck's passion for educating and empowering beekeepers through programs like the Eastern Apicultural Society's Master Beekeeper certification. Whether you're gearing up for the new season or simply looking to stay ahead of emerging trends, this episode is a must-listen! Listen Today! Websites we recommend: Honey Bee Health Coalition: https://honeybeehealthcoalition.org The National Honey Board: https://honey.com Honey Bee Obscura Podcast: https://honeybeeobscura.com 2 Million Blossoms - The Podcast: https://2millionblossoms.com Copyright © 2025 by Growing Planet Media, LLC     ______________ Betterbee is the presenting sponsor of Beekeeping Today Podcast. Betterbee's mission is to support every beekeeper with excellent customer service, continued education and quality equipment. From their colorful and informative catalog to their support of beekeeper educational activities, including this podcast series, Betterbee truly is Beekeepers Serving Beekeepers. See for yourself at www.betterbee.com This episode is brought to you by Global Patties! Global offers a variety of standard and custom patties. Visit them today at http://globalpatties.com and let them know you appreciate them sponsoring this episode!  Thanks to Bee Smart Designs as a sponsor of this podcast! Bee Smart Designs is the creator of innovative, modular and interchangeable hive systems made in the USA using recycled and American sourced materials. Bee Smart Designs - Simply better beekeeping for the modern beekeeper. Thanks to Strong Microbials for their support of Beekeeping Today Podcast. Find out more about their line of probiotics in our Season 3, Episode 12 episode and from their website: https://www.strongmicrobials.com Thanks for Northern Bee Books for their support. Northern Bee Books is the publisher of bee books available worldwide from their website or from Amazon and bookstores everywhere. They are also the publishers of The Beekeepers Quarterly and Natural Bee Husbandry. _______________ We hope you enjoy this podcast and welcome your questions and comments in the show notes of this episode or: questions@beekeepingtodaypodcast.com Thank you for listening!  Podcast music: Be Strong by Young Presidents; Epilogue by Musicalman; Faraday by BeGun; Walking in Paris by Studio Le Bus; A Fresh New Start by Pete Morse; Wedding Day by Boomer; Christmas Avenue by Immersive Music; Red Jack Blues by Daniel Hart; Original guitar background instrumental by Jeff Ott. Beekeeping Today Podcast is an audio production of Growing Planet Media, LLC Copyright © 2025 by Growing Planet Media, LLC

Alnylam Pharmaceuticals CEO Yvonne Greenstreet discusses why RNAI can be used to treat an array of diseases, the company's medicines using this technology, and more.

Alnylam Pharmaceuticals chief scientific officer Kevin Fitzgerald on the past, present & future of RNA interference medicines.

When I think of digital biology, I think of Patrick Hsu—he's the prototype, a rarified talent in both life and computer science, who recently led the team that discovered bridge RNAs, what may be considered CRISPR 3.0 for genome editing, and is building new generative A.I. models for life science. You might call them LLLMs-large language of life models. He is Co-Founder and a Core Investigator of the Arc Institute and Assistant Professor of Bioengineering and Deb Faculty Fellow at the University of California, Berkeley.Above is a brief snippet of our conversation. Full videos of all Ground Truths podcasts can be seen on YouTube here. The audios are also available on Apple and Spotify.Here's the transcript with links to the audio and external links to relevant papers and things we discussed.Eric Topol (00:06):Well hello, it's Eric Topol with Ground Truths and I'm really delighted to have with me today Patrick Hsu. Patrick is a co-founder and core investigator at the Arc Institute and he is also on the faculty at the University of California Berkeley. And he has been lighting things up in the world of genome editing and AI and we have a lot to talk about. So welcome, Patrick.Patrick Hsu (00:29):Thanks so much. I'm looking forward to it. Appreciate you having me on, Eric.The Arc InstituteEric Topol (00:33):Well, the first thing I'd like to get into, because you're into so many important things, but one that stands out of course is this Arc Institute with Patrick Collison who I guess if you can tell us a bit about how you two young guys got to meet and developed something that's really quite unique that I think brings together investigators at Stanford, UCSF, and Berkeley. Is that right? So maybe you can give us the skinny about you and Patrick and how all this got going.Patrick Hsu (01:05):Yeah, sure. That sounds great. So we started Arc with Patrick C and with Silvana Konermann, a longtime colleague and chemistry faculty at Stanford about three years ago now, though we've been physically operational just over two years and we're an independent research institute working at the interface of biomedical science and machine learning. And we have a few different aspects of our model, but our overall mission is to understand and treat complex human diseases. And we have three pillars to our model. We have this PI driven side of the house where we centrally fund our investigators so that they don't have to write grants and work on their very best ideas. We have a technical staff side of the house more like you'd see in a frontier AI lab or in biotech industry where we have professional teams of R&D scientists working cross-functionally on higher level organizational wide goals that we call our institute initiatives.(02:05):One focused on Alzheimer's disease experimentally and one that we call a virtual cell initiative to simulate human biology with AI foundation models. And our third pillar over time is to have things not just end up as academic papers, but really get things out into the real world as products or as medicines that can actually help patients on the translational side. And so, we thought that some really important scientific programs could be unlocked by enabling new organizational models and we are experimenting at the institutional scale with how we can better organize and incentivize and support scientists to reach these long-term capability breakthroughs.Patrick, Patrick and SilvanaEric Topol (02:52):So the two Patrick's. How did you, one Patrick I guess is a multi-billionaire from Stripe and then there's you who I suspect maybe not quite as wealthy as the other Patrick, how did you guys come together to do this extraordinary thing?Patrick Hsu (03:08):Yeah, no, science is certainly expensive. I met Patrick originally through Silvana actually. They actually met, so funny trivia, all three Arc founders did high school science together. Patrick and Silvana originally met in the European version of the European Young Scientist competition in high school. And Silvana and I met during our PhDs in her case at MIT and I was at Harvard, but we met at the Broad Institute sort of also a collaborative Harvard, MIT and Harvard hospitals Institute based in Kendall Square. And so, we sort of in various pairwise combinations known each other for decades and worked together for decades and have all collectively been really excited about science and technology and its potential to accelerate societal progress. Yet we also felt in our own ways that despite a lot of the tremendous progress, the structures in which we do this work, fund it, incentivize it and roll it out into the real world, seems like it's really possible that we'll undershoot that potential. And if you take 15 years ago, we didn't have the modern transformer that launched the current AI revolution, CRISPR technology, single-cell, mRNA technology or broadly addressable LNPs. That's a tremendous amount of technologies have developed in the next 15 years. We think there's a real unique opportunity for new institutes in the 2020s to take advantage of all of these breakthroughs and the new ones that are coming to continue to accelerate biological progress but do so in a way that's fast and flexible and really focused.Eric Topol (04:58):Yeah, I did want to talk with you a bit. First of all before I get to the next related topic, I get a kick out of you saying you've worked or known each other for decades because I think you're only in your early thirties. Is that right?Patrick Hsu (05:14):I was lucky to get an early start. I first started doing research at the local university when I was 14 actually, and I was homeschooled actually until college. And so, one of the funny things that you got to do when you're homeschooled is well, you could do whatever you want. And in my case that was work in the lab. And so, I actually worked basically full time as an intern volunteer, cut my teeth in single cell patch clamp, molecular biology, protein biochemistry, two photon and focal imaging and kind of spiraled from there. I loved the lab, I loved doing bench work. It was much more exciting to me than programming computers, which was what I was doing at the time. And I think these sort of two loves have kind of brought me and us to where we are today.Eric Topol (06:07):Before you got to Berkeley and Arc, I know you were at Broad Institute, but did you also pick up formal training in computer science and AI or is that something that was just part of the flow?Patrick Hsu (06:24):So I grew up coding. I used to work through problems sets before dinner growing up. And so, it's just something that you kind of learn natively just like learning French or Mandarin.New Models of Funding Life ScienceEric Topol (06:42):That's what I figured. Okay. Now this model of Arc Institute came along in a kind of similar timeframe as the Arena BioWorks in Boston, where some of the faculty left to go to Arena like my friend Stuart Schreiber and many others. And then of course Priscilla and Mark formed the Chan Zuckerberg Institute and its biohub and its support. So can you contrast for one, these three different models because they're both very different than of course the traditional NIH pathway, how Arc is similar or different to the others, and obviously the goal here is accelerating things that are going to really make a difference.Patrick Hsu (07:26):Yeah, the first thing I would say is zooming out. There have been lots of efforts to experiment with how we do science, the practice of science itself. And in fact, I've recently been reading this book, the Demon Under the Microscope about the history of infectious disease, and it talks about how in the 1910s through the 1930s, these German industrial dye manufacturing companies like Bayer and BASF actually launched what became essentially an early model for industrial scale science, where they were trying to develop Prontosil, Salvarsan and some of these early anti-infectives that targeted streptococcus. And these were some of the major breakthroughs that led to huge medical advances on tackling infectious disease compared to the more academic university bound model. So these trends of industrial versus academic labs and different structures to optimize breakthroughs and applications has been a through current throughout international science for the last century.(08:38):And so, the way that we do research today, and that's some of our core tenets at Arc is basically it hasn't always been this way. It doesn't need to necessarily be this way. And so, I think organizational experiments should really matter. And so, there's CZI, Altos, Arena, Calico, a variety of other organizational experiments and similarly we had MRC and Bell Labs and Xerox PARCS, NIBRT, GNF, Google Research, and so on. And so, I think there are lots of different ways that you can organize folks. I think at a high level you can think about ways that you can play with for-profit versus nonprofit structures. Whether you want to be a completely independent organization or if you want to be partnered with universities. If you want to be doing application driven science or really blue sky curiosity driven work. And I think also thinking through internally the types of expertise that you bring together.(09:42):You can think of it like a cancer institute maybe as a very vertically integrated model. You have folks working on all kinds of different areas surrounding oncology or immunotherapy and you might call that the Tower of Babel model. The other way that folks have built institutes, you might call the lily pad model where you have coverage of as many areas of biomedical research as possible. Places like the Whitehead or Salk, it will be very broad. You'll have planned epigenetics, folks looking at RNA structural biology, people studying yeast cell cycle, folks doing in vivo melanoma models. It's very broad and I think what we try to do at Arc is think about a model that you might liken more to overlapping Viking shields where there's sort of five core areas that we're deeply investing in, in genetics and genomics, computation, neuroscience, immunology and chemical biology. Now we really think of these as five areas that are maybe the minimal critical mass that you would need to make a dent on something as complicated as complex human diseases. It's certainly not the only thing that you need, but we needed a critical mass of investigators working at least in these areas.Eric Topol (11:05):Well, yeah, and they really converge on where the hottest advances are being made these days. Now can you work at Arc Institute without being one of these three universities or is it really that you maintain your faculty and your part of this other entity?Patrick Hsu (11:24):So we have a few elements to even just the academic side of the house. We have our core investigators. I'm one of them, where we have dually appointed faculty who retain their latter rank or tenured appointment in their home department, but their labs are physically cited at the Arc headquarters where we built out a lab in Stanford Research Park in Palo Alto. And so, folks move their labs there. They continue to train graduate students based on whatever graduate programs they're formally affiliated with through their university affiliation. And so, we have nearly 40 PhD students across our labs that are training on site every day.(12:03):So in addition to our core investigators, we also have what we call our innovation investigators, which is more of a grant program to faculty at our partner universities. They receive unrestricted funding from us to seed a new project or accelerate an existing area in their group and their labs stay at their home campus and they just get that funding to augment their work. The third way is our technical staff model where folks basically just come work at Arc and many of them also are establishing their own research groups focusing on technology R&D areas. And so, we have five of those technology centers working in molecular engineering, multi-omics, complex cellular models, in vivo models, and in machine learning.Discovery of Bridge RNAsEric Topol (12:54):Yeah, that's a great structure. In fact, just a few months ago, Patrick Collison, the other Patrick came to Stanford HAI where I'm on the board and you've summarized it really well and it's very different than the other models and other entities, companies included that you mentioned. It's really very impressive. Now speaking of impressive on June 26, this past few months ago, which incidentally is coincident with the draft genome in the year 2000, the human sequence. You and your colleagues, perhaps the most impressive jump in terms of an Arc Institute contribution published two papers back-to-back in Nature about bridge RNA: [Bridge RNAs direct programmable recombination of target and donor DNA] and [Structural mechanism of bridge RNA-guided recombination.] And before I get you to describe this breakthrough in genome editing, some would call it genome editing 3.0 or CRISPR 3.0, whatever. But what we have today in the clinic with the approval of CRISPR 1.0 for sickle cell and thalassemia is actually quite crude. I think most people will know it's just a double stranded DNA cleavage with all sorts of issues about repair and it's not very precise. And so, CRISPR 2.0 is supposed to be represented by David Liu's contributions and his efforts at Broad like prime and base editing and then comes yours. So maybe you can tell us about it and how it is has to be viewed as quite an important advance.Patrick Hsu (14:39):The first thing I would say before CRISPR, is that we had RNA interference. And so, even before this modern genome editing revolution with programmable CRISPRs, we had this technology that had a lot of the core selling points as well. Any target will now become druggable to us. We simply need to reprogram a guide RNA and we can get genetic access to things that are intracellular. And I think both the discovery of RNA interference by Craig Mello and Andy Fire or the invention or discovery of programmable CRISPR technologies, both depend on the same fundamental biological mechanism. These non-coding guide RNAs that are essentially a short RNA search string that you can easily reprogram to retarget a desired enzyme function, and natively both RNAi and CRISPR are molecular scissors. Their RNA or DNA nucleases that can be reprogrammed to different regions of the genome or the transcriptome to make a cut.(15:48):And as bioengineers, we have come up with all kinds of creative ways to leverage the ability to make site specific cuts to do all kinds of incredible things including genome editing or beyond transcriptional up or down regulation, molecular imaging and so on and so forth. And so, the first thing that we started thinking about in our lab was, why would mother nature have stopped only RNAi and CRISPR? There probably are lots of other non-coding RNAs out there that might be able to be programmable and if they did exist, they probably also do more complicated and interesting things than just guide a molecular scissors. So that was sort of the first core kind of intuition that we had. The second intuition that we had on the technology side, I was just wearing my biology hat, I'll put on my technology hat, is the thing that we call genome editing today hardly involves the genome.(16:50):It's really you're making a cut to change an individual base or an individual gene or locus. So really you're doing small scale single locus editing, so you might call it gene level or locus level cuts. And what you really want to be able to do is do things at the genome scale at 100 kb, a megabase at the chromosome scale. And I think that's where I think the field will inevitably go if you follow the technology curves of longer and longer range gene sequencing, longer and longer range gene synthesis, and then longer and longer range gene editing. And so, what would that look like? And we started thinking, could there be essentially recombination technologies that allow you to do cut and paste in a single step. Now, the reason for that is the way that we do gene editing today involves a cut and then a multi-step process of cellular DNA repair that resolves the cut to make the exertion or the error prone deletion or the modification that ends up happening.(17:59):And so, it's very complicated and whether that's nucleases or base or prime editing, you're all generally limited to the small-scale single locus changes. However, there are natural mechanisms that have solved this cut and paste problem, right? There are these viruses or bacterial versions of viruses known as phage that have generally been trying to exert their multi kilobase genomes into bacterial hosts and specialize throughout billions of years. So our core thought was, well, if there are these new non-coding RNAs, what kind of functions would we be excited about? Can we look in these mobile genetic elements, these so-called jumping genes for new mechanisms? They're incredibly widespread. Transposons are thought to be some of the most diverse enzyme mechanisms found in nature. And so, we started computationally by asking ourselves a very simple question. If a mobile element inserts itself into foreign DNA and it's able to somehow be programmable, presumably the inside or something encoded in the inside of the element is predictive of some sequence on the outside of the element.(19:15):And so, that was the core insight we took, and we thought let's look across the boundaries of many different mobile genetic elements and we zoomed in on a particular sub family of these MGE known as insertion sequence (IS) elements which are the most autonomous minimal transposons. Normally transposons have all kinds of genes that they use to hitchhike around the genomic galaxy and endow the bacterial host with some fitness advantage like some ability to metabolize some copper and some host or some metal. And these IS elements have only the enzymes that they need to jump around. And if you identify the boundaries of these using modern computational methods, this is actually a really non-trivial problem. But if you solve that problem to figure out with nucleotide resolution where the element boundaries end and then you look for the open reading frame of the transposases enzyme inside of this element, you'll find that it's not just that coding sequence.(20:19):There are also these non-coding flanks inside of the element boundaries. And when we looked across the non-coding, the entire IS family tree, there are hundreds of these different types of elements. We found that this particular family IS110, had the longest non-coding ends of all IS elements. And we started doing experiments in the lab to try to figure out how these work. And what we found was that these elements are cut and paste elements, so they excise themselves into a circular form and paste themselves back in into a target site linearly. But the circularization of this element brings together two distal ends together, which brings together a -35 and a -10 box that create and reconstitute a canonical bacterial transcriptional promoter. This essentially is like plugging a plug into an electrical socket in the wall and it jacks up transcription. Now you would think this transcription would turn on the transposase enzyme so it can jump around more but it transcribes a non-coding RNA out of this non-coding end.(21:30):We're like, holy crap, are these RNAs actually involved in regulating the transposon? Now the boring answer would be, oh, it regulates the expression. It's like an antisense regulate or something. The exciting answer would be, oh, it's a new type of guide RNA and you found an RNA guided integrase. So we started zooming in bound dramatically on this and we undertook a covariation analysis where we were able to show that this cryptic non-coding RNA has a totally novel guide RNA structure, totally distinct from RNAi or CRISPR guide RNAs. And it had a target site that covaried with the target site of the element. And so we're like, oh wow, this could be a programmable transposase. The second thing that we found was even more surprising, there was a second region of complementarity in that same RNA that recognized the donor sequence, which is the circularized element itself. And so, this was the first example of a bispecific guide RNA, and also the first example of RNA guided self-recognition by a mobile genetic element.Eric Topol (22:39):It's pretty extraordinary because basically you did a systematic assessment of jumping genes or transposons and you found that they contain things that previously were not at all recognized. And then you have a way to program these to edit, change the genome without having to do any cuts or nicks, right?Patrick Hsu (23:05):Yeah. So what we showed in a test tube is when we took this, so-called bridge RNA, which we named because it bridges the target and donor together along with the recombinase enzyme. So the two component system, those are the only two things that you need. They're able to cut and paste DNA and recombine them in a test tube without any DNA repair, meaning that it's independent of cellular DNA repair and it does strand nicking, exchange, junction resolution and religation all in a single mechanism. So that's when we got super excited about its potential applications as bioengineering tool.Eric Topol (23:46):Yeah, it's pretty extraordinary. And have you already gone into in vivo assessment?Patrick Hsu (23:54):Yes, in our initial set of papers, what we showed is that these are programmable and functional or recombinases in a test tube and in bacterial cells. And by reprogramming the target and donor the right way, you can use these enzymes not just for insertion, but also for flipping and cutting out DNA. And so, we actually have in a single mechanism the ability to do bridge editing, if you will, for universal DNA recombination, insertion, excision or inversion, similar to what folks have been doing for decades with Cre recombinase, but with fully programmable recognition sequences. The work that we're doing now in the lab as you can imagine is to adapt these into robust tools for mammalian genome editing, including of course, human genomes. We're excited about this, we're making good progress. The CRISPR has had thousands of labs over the last 10, 15 years working on it to make these therapeutic level potency and selectivity. We're going to work and follow that same blueprint for getting bridge systems to get to that level of performance, but we're on the path and we're very optimistic for the future.Exemplar of Digital BiologyEric Topol (25:13):Yeah, I think it's quite extraordinary and it's a whole different look to what we've been seeing in the CRISPR era for over the past decade and how that's been advancing and getting more specific and less need for repair and being able to be more versatile. But this takes it to yet another dimension. Now, this brings me to the field that when I think of this term digital biology, I think of you and now our mutual acquaintance, Jensen Huang, who everybody knows now. Back some months ago, he wrote and said at a conference, “Where do I think the next amazing revolution is going to come? And this is going to be flat out one of the biggest ones ever. There's no question that digital biology is going to be it. For the first time in human history, biology has the opportunity to be engineering, not science.” So can you critique Jensen? Is he right? And tell us how you conceive the field of digital biology.Patrick Hsu (26:20):If you look at gene therapy today, the core concepts are actually remarkably simple. They're elegant. Of course, you're missing a broken gene, you need to put it back. And that can be curative. Very simple, powerful concept. However, for complex diseases where you don't have just a single gene that goes wrong, in many cases we actually have no idea what to do. And in fact, when you're trying to put in DNA, that's over more than a gene scale. We kind of very quickly run out of ideas. Is it a CAR and a cytokine, a CAR and a cytokine and another thing? And then we're kind of out of ideas. And so, we started thinking in the lab, how can we actually design genomes where it's not just let's reduce the genome into individual Lego blocks, iGem style with promoters and different genes that we just sort of shuffle the Lego blocks around, but actually use AI to design genome sequences.(27:29):So to do that, we thought we would have to first of all, train a model that can learn and decode the foreign language of biology and use that in order to design sequences. And so, we sort of have been training DNA foundation models and virtual cell models at Arc, sort of a major effort of ours where the first thing that we tried was to take a variance of transformer architecture that's used to train ChatGPT from OpenAI, but instead apply this to study the next DNA token, right? Now, the interesting thing about next token prediction in English is that you can actually learn a surprising amount of information by just predicting the next word. You can learn world knowledge is the capital of Azerbaijan, is it Baku or is it London, right? Or if you're walking around in the kitchen, then the next text is, I then left the kitchen or the bathroom, right?(28:33):Now you're learning about spatial reasoning, and so you can also learn translation obviously. And so similarly, I think predicting the next token or the next base and DNA can lead you to learn about molecular biochemistry, is the next amino acid residue, hydrophobic or hydrophilic. And it can teach you about the mechanics of some catalytic binding pocket or something. You can learn about a disease mutation. Is the next base, the sick linked base or the wild type base and so on and so forth. And what we found was that at massive scale, DNA foundation models learn about molecular function, not just at the DNA level, but also at the RNA and the protein. And indeed, we could use these to design molecular systems like CRISPR-Cas systems, where you have a protein and the guide RNA. It could also design new DNA transposons, and we could design sequences that look plausibly like real genomes, where we generate a megabase a million bases of continuous genome sequence. And it really looks and feels like it could be a blurry picture of something that you would actually sequence. This has been a wonderful collaboration with Brian Hie, a PI at Stanford and an Arc investigator, and we're really excited about what we've seen in this work because it promises the better performance with even more scale. And so, simply by scaling up these models, by adding in more compute, more training data or more powerful models, they're going to get sharper and sharper.New A.I. Models in Life ScienceEric Topol (30:25):Yeah. Well, this whole use of large language models for the language of life, whether it's the genome proteins and on and on, actually RNA and even cells has really taken root. And of course, this is really one of the foundations of that field of digital biology, which brings together generative AI, AI tools and trying to push forward our understanding in biology. And also, obviously what's been emphasized in drug discovery, perhaps it's been emphasized even too much because we still have a lot to learn about biology, but that gets me to these models. Like today, AlphaProteo was announced by DeepMind, as we all know, AlphaFold 1, 2, now 3. They were kind of precursors of being able to predict proteins from amino acid 3D structure. And that kind of took the field by a little bit like ChatGPT for life science, but now it's a new model all the time. So you've been working on various models and Arc Institute, how do you see this unfolding? Are we just going to have every aspect of the language of life being approached in all the different interactions? And this is going to help us get to a much more deep level of understanding.Patrick Hsu (31:56):I'll say two things. The first is a lot of models that you just described are what I would call task specific models. A model for de novo design of a binder, a model for protein structure prediction. And there are other models for protein fitness or for RNA structure prediction, et cetera, et cetera. And I think what we're going to move towards are more unifying models where there's different classes of models at different levels of scale. So we will have these atomic level models for looking at generative chemistry or ligand docking. We have models that can unify genomes and their molecules, and then we have models that can unify cells and tissues. And so, for example, if you took an H&E stain of some liver, there are folks building models where you can then predict what the single cell spatial transcriptome will look like of that model. And that's obviously operating at a very different level of abstraction than a de novo protein binder. But in the long run, all of these are going to get, I think unified. I think the reason why this is possible is that biology, unlike physics, actually has this unifying theory of evolution that runs across all of its length scales from atomic, molecular, cellular, organismal to entire ecosystem. And the promise of these models is no short then to make biology a predictive discipline.Patrick Hsu (33:37):In physics, the experimentalists win the big prizes for the theorists when they measure gravitational waves or whatever. But in biology, we're very practical people. You do something three times and do a T-test. And I think my prediction is we can actually gauge the success of these LLMs or whatever in biology by how much we respect theory in this field.The A.I. ScientistEric Topol (34:05):Yeah. Well, that's a really interesting perspective, an important perspective because the proliferation of models, which we're going to get into not just doing the things that you described, but also being able to be “pseudo” scientists, the so-called AI scientist. Maybe you could comment about that concept because that's been the idea that everything from the question that could be asked to the hypothesis and the experiment design and the analysis of data and then the feedback. So what is the role of the scientists, that seems to have been overplayed? And maybe you can put that in context.Patrick Hsu (34:48):So yeah, right now there's a lot of excitement that we can use AI agents not just to do software enterprise workflows, but to be a research assistant. And then over time, itself an autonomous research scientist that can read the literature, come up with an idea, maybe run a bunch of robots in the lab or do a bunch of computational analyses and then potentially even analyze data, conclude what is going on and actually write an entire paper. Now, I think the vision of this is compelling in the long term. I think the question is really about timescale. If you break down the scientific method into its constituent parts, like hypothesis generation, doing an experiment, analyzing experiment and iterating, we're clearly going to use AI of some kind at every single step of this cycle. I think different steps will require different levels of maturity. The way that I would liken this is just wet lab automation, folks have dreamed about having pipetting robots that just do their western blots and do their cell culture for them for generations.(36:01):But of course, today they don't actually really feel fundamentally different from the same ones that we had in the 90s, let's say. Right? And so, obviously they're getting better, but it seems to me one of the trends I'm very bullish about is the explosion of humanoid robots and robot foundation models that have a world model and a sense of physics and proportionate space loaded onto them. Within five years, we're going to have home robots that can fold your clothes, that can organize your kitchen and do all of this while you're sleeping, so you wake up to a clean home every day.Eric Topol (36:40):It's not going to be just Roomba anymore. There's going to be a lot more, but it isn't just the hardware, it's also the agents playing in software, right?Patrick Hsu (36:50):It's the integrated loop of the hardware and the software where the ability to make the same machine generally intelligent will make it adaptable to a broad array of tasks. Now, what I'm excited about is those generally intelligent humanoid robots coming into the lab, where instead of creating a centrifuge or a new type of pipetter that's optimized for your Beckman or Hamilton device, instead you just have robot arms that you snap onto the edge of the bench and then they just work alongside you. And I do think that's coming, although it'll take a lot of hardware and software and computer vision engineering to make that possible.A Sense of HumorEric Topol (37:32):Yeah, and I think also going back to originating the question, there still is quite a debate about the creativity and the lack of any simulation of AGI, whatever that means anymore. And so, the human in the loop part of this is obviously I think it's still of critical nature. Now, the other thing I learned about you is you have a great sense of humor, which is really important by the way. And recently, which is great that you're active on X or Twitter because that's one way we get to see what you're thinking on a day-to-day basis. But I think you put out a poll which was really quite provocative , and it was about, here's what it said, “do more people in the world *truly* understand transformers or health insurance?” And interestingly, you got 49% for transformers at 51% for health insurance. Can you tell us what you're thinking when you put that poll together? Because obviously a lot of people don't understand either of these.Patrick Hsu (38:44):I think the core question is, there are different ways of looking at the world, some of which are very bottom up and some of which are very top down. And one of the very surprising things about transformers is they're taking something that is in principle, an incredibly simple task, which is if you have a string of text, what is the next letter? And somehow at massive, massive scale, you can unlock something that looks an awful lot like reasoning, and you've got these emergent behaviors. Now the bottoms up theory of just the linear algebra that's going on in these models couldn't possibly really help us predict that we have these emerging capabilities. And I think similarly in healthcare, there's a literal set of parts that are operating in some complex way that at massive scale becomes this incredibly confusing and dynamic system for how we can actually incentivize how we make medicines, how we actually take care of people, and how we actually pay for any of this from an economic point of view. And so, I think it was, in some sense if transformers can actually be an explainable by just linear algebra equations, maybe there will be a way to decompose the seemingly incredibly confusing world of healthcare in order to actually build a better way forward.Computing Power and the GPU Arms RaceEric Topol (40:12):Yeah. Well that's great. Now the other thing I wanted to ask you about, we open source and the arms race of GPUs and this whole kind of idea is you touched on the need for coalescing a lot of these tools to exploit the synergy. But we have an issue because many academic labs like here at Scripps Research and so many others, including as I learned even at Stanford, have limited access to GPUs. So computing power of large language models is a problem. And then the models that exist today that can be adopted like Llama or others, and they're somewhat limited. And then we also have a movement towards trying to make things more open source, like for example, recently OpenCRISPR with Profluent Bio that is basically trying to use AI for CRISPR guides. And so, how do you deal with this arms race, computing power, open source, proprietary models that are not easily accessible without a lot of resources?Patrick Hsu (41:30):So the first thing I would say is, we are in the academic science sphere really unprepared for the level of resources that are required for doing this type of cutting edge computational work. There are top Stanford computer science professors or computational researchers who have a single GPU in their office, and that's actually what their whole lab runs off of.(41:58):The UC Berkeley campus, the grid runs on something like 12 megawatts of power and how are they going to build an on-premises GPU clusters, like a central question that can scale across the entire needs? And these are two of the top computer science universities in the world. And so, I think one of our kind of core beliefs at Arc is, as science both experimentally and computationally has gotten incredibly complex, not just in terms of conceptually, but also just the actual infrastructure and machines and know-how that you need to do things. We actually need to essentially support this. So we have a private GPU cloud that we use to train our models, and we have access to significantly large clusters for large burst kind of train outs as necessary. And I think infrastructurally for running genomics experiments or doing scalable brain organoid screens, right, we're also building out the infrastructure to support that experimentally.Eric Topol (43:01):Yeah, no, I think this is one of the advantages of the new model like the Arc Institute because not many centers have that type of plasticity with access to computing power when needed. So that's where a brilliant mind you and the Arc Institute together makes for a formidable recipe for future advances and of course building on the ones you've already accomplished.The Primacy of Human TalentPatrick Hsu (43:35):I would just say, my main skill, if I have one, is to recruit really, really smart people. And so, everything that you're seeing and hearing about is the work of unbelievable colleagues who are curious, passionate, and incredible scientists.Eric Topol (43:53):But it also takes the person who can judge those who are in that category set as a role model. And you're certainly doing that. I guess just in closing, I mean, it's just such a delight to get to meet you here and kind of get your thoughts on what is the hottest thing in life science without question, which brings together the fields of AI and what's going on, not just obviously in genome editing, but this digital biology era that we're still in the early phases of, I mean, I think you could say that it's just going to continue to accelerate the exponential curve. We're still kind of on the bottom of that, I would imagine where we're headed. Any other things that you want to bring up that I haven't touched on that will round out this conversation?Patrick Hsu (44:50):I mean, I think it's very early days here at Arc.Patrick Hsu (44:53):When we founded Arc, we asked ourselves, how do we measure success? We don't have customers or revenue in the way that a typical startup does. And we felt sort of three things. The first was research institutes live and die by their talent. Can we actually hire incredible people when we make offers to people we want to come, do they come? The second was, when those folks do come to Arc, do they feel like they're able to work on important research programs that they couldn't do sort of at their prior university or company? And then longer term, the third thing was, and there's just no shortcut around this, you need to do important work. And I think we've been really excited that there are early signs that we're able to do all three of these things, and we're still, again, just following the same scaling laws that we're seeing in natural language and vision, but for the domain of biology. And so, we're excited about what's ahead and think if there are folks who are interested in learning more about Arc, just shoot me an email or DM.Eric Topol (46:07):Yeah, well I would just say, congratulations on what you've already achieved. I know you're going to keep rocking it because you already have in a short time. And for anybody who doesn't know about Arc Institute and your work and your team, I hope this is going to be putting them on notice actually what can be accomplished outside of the usual NIH funded model, which is kind of a risk-free zone where you basically have to have your results nailed down before you send in your proposal frequently, and it doesn't do great things for young people. Really, I think you actually qualify in that demographic where it's hard for them to break in for getting NIH grants and also for this type of work that you're doing. So we'll look for the next bridge beyond bridge RNAs of your just fantastic efforts. So Patrick, thanks so much for joining us today, and we'll be checking back with you and following all the great work that you'll be doing in the times ahead.Patrick Hsu (47:14):Thanks so much, Eric. It was such a pleasure to be here today. Appreciate the opportunity.*******************Thanks for listening, reading or watching!The Ground Truths newsletters and podcasts are all free, open-access, without ads.Please share this post/podcast with your friends and network if you found it informative!Voluntary paid subscriptions all go to support Scripps Research. Many thanks for that—they greatly help fund our summer internship programs.Thanks to my producer Jessica Nguyen and Sinjun Balabanoff for audio and video support at Scripps Research.Note: you can select preferences to receive emails about newsletters, podcasts, or all I don't want to bother you with an email for content that you're not interested in. Get full access to Ground Truths at erictopol.substack.com/subscribe

On October 11, 2024, significant funding rounds occurred, with nine deals exceeding $100 million. Form Energy led these rounds, securing $405 million to enhance its iron-air battery systems. City Therapeutics raised $135 million for RNAi therapeutics in its Series A funding, while EvenUp raised $135 million in Series D funding and achieved a valuation over $1 billion for its AI-based legal tech platform. AtVenu received $130 million to streamline retail sales at live events, and Maven Clinic secured $125 million in its Series F round, focusing on family health and planning. Auger launched with a $100 million seed round for AI-powered supply chain management tools. Cytovale raised $100 million for medical diagnostics, Glooko obtained $100 million for integrated digital health solutions, and Toca Football also secured around $100 million for soccer training centers. Imprint raised $75 million for co-branded credit cards, achieving a $600 million valuation. Internationally, Brazil's Asaas raised approximately $148 million to automate financial processes.Learn more on this news visit us at: https://greyjournal.net/ Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Corn growers in eastern Canada have a new tool in their pest management toolbox with the registration of VT4PRO with RNAi technology from Bayer Crop Science. The company says the trait will deliver the latest in corn rootworm defence, with above-ground control and effective root protection, providing a broad spectrum of defence for growers against... Read More

Jay and Ashley share their corn rootworm observations from the growing season. Interesting with above average rainfall to their west, and new experience with the western variant to the east.

On this week's MyAgLife in Technology episode, Oregon State's Surendra Dara details his upcoming Crop Consultant Conference session on RNA interference technology as a new tool for biological pest management.    Supporting the People who Support Agriculture Thank you to this month's sponsors who makes it possible to get you your daily news. Please feel free to visit their website. New Age Ag Services - https://www.newageagservices.com/ 2024 Crop Consultant Conference - https://progressivecrop.com/conference/

Discover the cutting-edge world of RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics with Dr. Akshay Vaishnaw, Chief Innovation Officer at Alnylam Pharmaceuticals. In this episode, Dr. Vaishnaw sheds light on the groundbreaking concept of RNAi therapeutics, offering a powerful new approach to treating a wide range of diseases. Learn how Alnylam Pharmaceuticals is revolutionizing healthcare with its unwavering commitment to innovation, despite facing numerous setbacks and challenges along the way.

BestPodcastintheMetaverse.com Canary Cry News Talk #756 07.10.2024 - Recorded Live to 1s and 0s BORDER RUSE | Biden Bashing, Bird Flu Con, RNAi, Nephilim Update Deconstructing Corporate Mainstream Media News from a Biblical Worldview Declaring Jesus as Lord amidst the Fifth Generation War! TJT Youtube (backup) Channel: https://www.youtube.com/@TheJoyspiracyTheory The Show Operates on the Value 4 Value Model: http://CanaryCry.Support Join the Supply Drop: https://CanaryCrySupplyDrop.com                   Submit Articles: https://CanaryCry.Report Submit Art: https://CanaryCry.Art Join the T-Shirt Council: https://CanaryCryTShirtCouncil.com Podcasting 2.0: https://PodcastIndex.org Resource: Index of MSM Ownership (Harvard.edu) Resource: Aliens Demons Doc (feat. Dr. Heiser, Unseen Realm) Resource: False Christ: Will the Antichrist Claim to be the Jewish Messiah Tree of Links: https://CanaryCry.Party All Producers of 756 will be thanked on the next CCNT Episode!  SHOW NOTES/TIMESTAMPS Podcast T- 05:55 PreShow Prayer: Anthony H 06:05 V / 00:10 P HELLO, RUN DOWN 09:59 V / 04:04 P   WW3 12:09 V / 06:14 P Poland must prepare army for full-scale conflict, army chief says (VOA) → Poland will do what is needed to end Belarus border crisis (Reuters)   HARRY LEGS 23:39 V / 17:44 P Clip: Intellectual Wigger Clip: Joe was “talking” his wife? Clip: Jake Tapper demolishing Joe Biden speech like the right used to (CNN/X)   Biden didn't show up for an early evening meeting with the German chancellor because he had to go to bed: report (Insider)    VALUE FOR VALUE FOR THE WIN! 44:12 V / 38:12 P   FLIPPY 53:31 V / 47:36 P Is the Annin AR4 the Workhorse Robot Arm for You? (Hacksters.io)   BIRD FLU 01:02:45 V / 56:50 P International Bird Flu Preparedness Conference in October (Bird Flu Summit) → From Kamboree (X)   CRISPR 01:17:54 V / 01:11:59 P Move over, CRISPR: Jumping gene found in humans acts as a bridge between bits of DNA (GLP)   V4V/TALENT    NEPHILIM UPDATE 01:26:07 V / 01:20:12 P Cops rescue terrified teens from 'growling Bigfoot with glowing eyes' in Louisiana forest - amid spate of sightings (DailyMail)    → Terrified teens spot ‘Bigfoot' with ‘glowing eyes' in Louisiana forest, call 911 for rescue (NY Post)  OUTRO 01:36:35 V / 01:30:40 P END 01:47:16 V / 01:41:21 P

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Taylor Chalstrom sits down with Surendra Dara, entomologist with Oregon State University, to discuss RNAi, a new technology using targeted mechanisms against specific pests.

Today we have lots of live comments and feedback from the audience… (6:06) We look at actual questions between Supreme Court & Trump's lawyer, and I have a few of my own…Does a President have legal immunity if he assassinates his political enemies or is that only for the CIA?If he kills millions with a toxic genetic code injection, is it only BigPharma that gets legal immunity or does the President also get it in "his official capacity"?If he overthrows the government with Exec Orders and fake emergencies is that "insurrection" or is insurrection a protest against his opponentIf the President does it, is it against the law? (Asking for Nixon)(22:56) In this Game of Thrones, winning at the Supreme Court doesn't matter. THIS is the only thing that matters… (35:51) NYT Sensational Panic Headline — Then Article Walks Dismisses.  Why?Fear, Panic, Nudge —> Surveillance, Mass Vaccination, and ultimately ELIMINATION of DAIRY & MEAT (as they've been boasting they'll do)WATCH Inventor of PCR explains the fraud — HOW MANY TIMES WILL PUBLIC FALL FOR IT?(54:38) It's Looking Like 2020…Says A Key Player Behind "Pandemic" Fraud (1:12:25) Biden just signed on to a new Bill Gates funded pandemic surveillance plan — the Pandemic Fund (1:25:58) Universal Vaccine — Mutate & Sterilize "Virus" with RNAi, Not mRNA What could possibly go wrong?  They tell us it's effective on EVERY virus (easily tweaked) and perfectly safe.  The very description of its operation is pure madness (1:33:05) Reminder, like so many others, Herman Cain died on (from?) ventilator (1:34:38) Why and how DNA fragments (left by the BILLIONS in each shot) cause cancer FDA partnered with Moderna & Pfizer to cover up the crime and give the corporations legal immunity (1:49:56) Harvard psychologist with ties to BigPharma pushes SSRI (murder/suicide pills) to be dispensed over-the-counter without prescription! (2:02:37)WHO warns of coming 77% increase of cancer…not the jab they sayWhat the EUA (Emergency Use Authorization) is and IS NOT.  Government moves were carefully calculated to legally protect themselves (after they created the laws)(2:14:37) Biden's EPA drops 4 new "rules" to destroy the power grid  (And fuel is racist says head of EPA) (2:25:57) Peer-Reviewed Study & Nobel Scientists Say CO2 CANNOT Cause Climate Change The reason is very simple, actually (2:48:00) Biden & mainstream media keep fighting to destroy Parental Rights and children's bodies.  Biden revives Obama Dept of Eduction money lever to get boys in girls showers and bathrooms and the old sniffer adds some new things.  DeSantis says they will not comply but…Find out more about the show and where you can watch it at TheDavidKnightShow.comIf you would like to support the show and our family please consider subscribing monthly here: SubscribeStar https://www.subscribestar.com/the-david-knight-showOr you can send a donation throughMail: David Knight POB 994 Kodak, TN 37764Zelle: @DavidKnightShow@protonmail.comCash App at: $davidknightshowBTC to: bc1qkuec29hkuye4xse9unh7nptvu3y9qmv24vanh7Money is only what YOU hold: Go to DavidKnight.gold for great deals on physical gold/silverFor 10% off Gerald Celente's prescient Trends Journal, go to TrendsJournal.com and enter the code KNIGHT

Today we have lots of live comments and feedback from the audience… (6:06) We look at actual questions between Supreme Court & Trump's lawyer, and I have a few of my own…Does a President have legal immunity if he assassinates his political enemies or is that only for the CIA?If he kills millions with a toxic genetic code injection, is it only BigPharma that gets legal immunity or does the President also get it in "his official capacity"?If he overthrows the government with Exec Orders and fake emergencies is that "insurrection" or is insurrection a protest against his opponentIf the President does it, is it against the law? (Asking for Nixon)(22:56) In this Game of Thrones, winning at the Supreme Court doesn't matter. THIS is the only thing that matters… (35:51) NYT Sensational Panic Headline — Then Article Walks Dismisses.  Why?Fear, Panic, Nudge —> Surveillance, Mass Vaccination, and ultimately ELIMINATION of DAIRY & MEAT (as they've been boasting they'll do)WATCH Inventor of PCR explains the fraud — HOW MANY TIMES WILL PUBLIC FALL FOR IT?(54:38) It's Looking Like 2020…Says A Key Player Behind "Pandemic" Fraud (1:12:25) Biden just signed on to a new Bill Gates funded pandemic surveillance plan — the Pandemic Fund (1:25:58) Universal Vaccine — Mutate & Sterilize "Virus" with RNAi, Not mRNA What could possibly go wrong?  They tell us it's effective on EVERY virus (easily tweaked) and perfectly safe.  The very description of its operation is pure madness (1:33:05) Reminder, like so many others, Herman Cain died on (from?) ventilator (1:34:38) Why and how DNA fragments (left by the BILLIONS in each shot) cause cancer FDA partnered with Moderna & Pfizer to cover up the crime and give the corporations legal immunity (1:49:56) Harvard psychologist with ties to BigPharma pushes SSRI (murder/suicide pills) to be dispensed over-the-counter without prescription! (2:02:37)WHO warns of coming 77% increase of cancer…not the jab they sayWhat the EUA (Emergency Use Authorization) is and IS NOT.  Government moves were carefully calculated to legally protect themselves (after they created the laws)(2:14:37) Biden's EPA drops 4 new "rules" to destroy the power grid  (And fuel is racist says head of EPA) (2:25:57) Peer-Reviewed Study & Nobel Scientists Say CO2 CANNOT Cause Climate Change The reason is very simple, actually (2:48:00) Biden & mainstream media keep fighting to destroy Parental Rights and children's bodies.  Biden revives Obama Dept of Eduction money lever to get boys in girls showers and bathrooms and the old sniffer adds some new things.  DeSantis says they will not comply but…Find out more about the show and where you can watch it at TheDavidKnightShow.comIf you would like to support the show and our family please consider subscribing monthly here: SubscribeStar https://www.subscribestar.com/the-david-knight-showOr you can send a donation throughMail: David Knight POB 994 Kodak, TN 37764Zelle: @DavidKnightShow@protonmail.comCash App at: $davidknightshowBTC to: bc1qkuec29hkuye4xse9unh7nptvu3y9qmv24vanh7Money is only what YOU hold: Go to DavidKnight.gold for great deals on physical gold/silverFor 10% off Gerald Celente's prescient Trends Journal, go to TrendsJournal.com and enter the code KNIGHT

Editor's Summary by Christopher W. Seymour, MD, MSc, Associate Editor of JAMA, the Journal of the American Medical Association, for the March 5, 2024, issue.

In this episode, Dr. Mithila Jugulam, a professor at Kansas State University provides an in-depth exploration of herbicide resistance, the impact of environmental factors such as elevated temperatures on herbicide effectiveness, and the development of herbicide tolerance in crops. With a focus on solutions to address weed management challenges in the crop industry, this episode offers invaluable insights into crop protection. Join us as we explore the cutting-edge research that is shaping the crop industry's future and ensuring sustainable agriculture practices."While herbicide resistance is such a challenge for weed management, having herbicide-tolerant traits in crops is highly beneficial for growers."What you'll learn:(00:00) Highlight(01:05) Introduction(04:17) Insights into weed resistance to herbicides(06:41) Herbicide tolerance in crops(14:05) The effect of temperature on herbicide efficacy(22:55) Innovative research on glyphosate resistance mechanisms(28:15) RNA interference (RNAi) technology in weed management(31:27) Final Three QuestionsMeet the guest: Dr. Mithila Jugulam, a professor at Kansas State University, specializes in weed physiology with a focus on the complexities of herbicide resistance. Her research explores the mechanisms of herbicide resistance in weeds, encompassing environmental influences on herbicide effectiveness and pioneering strategies for enhancing crop resilience. Dr. Jugulam has been at the forefront of agricultural science, contributing significantly to our understanding of weed management and crop protection. Her work addresses current challenges in the crop industry and lays the groundwork for future advancements in agriculture.The Crop Science Podcast Show is trusted and supported by innovative companies like:- KWSAre you ready to unleash the podcasting potential of your company? wisenetix.co/custom-podcast

פרופ׳ יניב ארליך, מי שהיה המדען ראשי של חברת MyHeritage ופרופסור למדעי המחשב באוניברסיטת קולומביה, מוביל את חברת Eleven Therapeutics, שמנסה לעשות מהפכה בכל הנוגע לפיתוח תרופות וחיסונים בשיטת ה-RNAi. דיברנו על תרופות הרזיה, פיתוחים מתקדמים בביולוגיה ושלל נושאים אחרים.   נותני החסות לפרק: הפרק בחסות חברת Cato Networks הפרק עם עידן מקייטו נטוורקס

In this episode of The 92 Report, Peter Kang attended medical school in Philadelphia where he had a wonderful experience at the University of Pennsylvania, learning about different fields and cultures, and making friends. One pivotal moment in medical school was during a physician patient relationship course led by a thoughtful psychiatrist who reminded him that it's a routine experience for the doctors, but it could be one of the most pivotal moments in the patient's life, and they can remember everything about their encounters, which has been helpful to him throughout his career. A Career in Pediatric Neurology Peter chose pediatric neurology as his field of study, completing most of his training in Philadelphia and New Haven. He spent over a decade in Boston, where he gained valuable exposure to both the Boston area and New England. His mentorship from a well-known geneticist, Luke Konkel, helped fill a crucial gap in his career as a physician scientist. This experience gave him a strong background in genetics and has been useful to him up to this day. Peter's research interests include rare diseases. In his clinic work, he deals with these patients daily, as they might be one of only a few dozen people in the United States with that particular diagnosis. The challenge is finding enough patients to prove that a treatment works or an idea about the disease is valid. Peter also runs a research laboratory and spends much of his time supervising the lab. However, he finds it both interesting and useful to be able to connect his work in the lab with his work in the clinic.  Genomics Research and Genetic Diseases Peter discusses his experience running a research lab and how it has evolved over the years. He started his independent research laboratory in Boston and later moved to Florida in 2013. He learned about running a lab from his mentor, which involved a lot of subtleties and was a lot like running a small business in terms of financing, grant applications, and hiring and managing personnel etc. The lab's focus is on genomics research, which helps identify patients with genetic diseases that don't have clear diagnoses. He explains some of the difficulties they run into and how they approach mystery diagnosis.Peter is currently a professor at the University of Minnesota, where his lab is based. He moved to Minnesota during the COVID pandemic. He and his wife were initially excited about moving to Minnesota.The move was motivated by the opportunity to work with a renowned muscular dystrophy center at the University of Minnesota, which had a unique focus on the condition.  Finding Solutions to Mystery Diagnosis Peter's lab has been working on finding solutions to mystery diagnosis in genetic testing, which has been a focus for over a decade. He believes that genetic testing can help solve these mysteries and is working towards a more accurate understanding of genetic diseases. Peter discusses the challenges of treating rare neurological diseases, particularly in children. He highlights two types of diseases that have been challenging to diagnose and treat: muscular dystrophy and spinal muscular atrophy. Muscular dystrophy is a childhood disease, with milder forms starting in adulthood. Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a well-known example, with patients often experiencing difficulty walking and falling as they grow older. Genetic testing has become more effective in diagnosing these diseases, but there are still shortened life expectancies and increased dependence on others for activities. Spinal muscular atrophy is another type of disease that is not technically classified as muscular dystrophy but is also seen in neuromuscular specialists. The most severe form of this disease was typically fatal by the age of two years due to motor neuron loss in the spinal cord. However, in 2016, the first FDA treatment for spinal muscular atrophy was approved, which has helped children to walk normally and avoid ventilators. Screening Programs and Metabolic Disorders Peter talks about the newborn screening programs that have been around for several decades, with each state offering slightly different panels of tests. The original screening tests focused on metabolic disorders, which could be treated by eliminating certain nutrients from the baby's diet. Newborn screening has evolved to include spinal muscular atrophy and genetically based tests. Some metabolic disorder diseases have been cured now, with some being cured through diet changes and new therapies being developed. However, Peter highlights the fact that the exact cure depends on how the word "cure" is applied, which is a topic of discussion among inpatient communities. Overall, he emphasizes the importance of early detection and treatment for rare neurological diseases to improve outcomes and overall health. Peter discusses his experiences dealing with pediatric patients and how he is constantly developing his interaction skills. He emphasizes the importance of understanding the patient's perspective and avoiding taking sides. He also shares his experience of dealing with multiple people in the room, including parents and spouses, and how to navigate these conversations effectively. Challenges in Pediatric Medicine One challenge in pediatric medicine is dealing with multiple people, and sometimes there may be a difference of opinion between the child and their parent. To address this, he suggests documenting both sides of the medical record and discussing the perspectives of both parties. When discussing a child with muscular dystrophy, he advises communicating the diagnosis to the parents and the child, considering their age and preferences. He also advises being candid about the prognosis and focusing on the positives. He does not spontaneously discuss life expectancy during clinic visits due to its unpredictable nature and the hope that new therapies will come online for these patients. Advances in Biotechnology Peter talks about advancements in biotechnology. In the past few years, there has been an inflection point in biotech with advancements like RNAi, Moderna, and other technologies. There is an incredible array of technologies available that were not available in the past, such as small molecules, gene therapies, stem cells, and proteins. The interaction between academia and the biotech industry has become more collaborative, and there is a better understanding that they are working towards the same goals. Peter states that, in the future, there will be more genetic or molecular solutions specific to certain targets for treating both rare and common diseases. This specificity will continue to grow, and there will be ways to accelerate the pace of developing tailored treatments. Harvard Courses and Professors on Influence Peter mentions two gratifying courses that still resonate with him today. One was Philosophy 168, taught by John Rawls, which helped him understand Kant's ethical theory and how to see things from a different perspective. Another course was Expository Writing 52, taught by Richard Marius, who showed him how powerful writing could be and how words can influence people's behavior. Peter believes these courses have helped him develop confidence in his writing abilities and have prepared him for the challenges of personalized medicine in the coming decades. He is looking forward to the developments in the biotech sector and the potential for personalized medicine to become more of a reality. He recalls a conversation with Richard Marius, who encouraged him to bring the story to life and that it's okay to write about one's family. He also discusses how his education as a philosopher major has helped him with thinking and analysis, and achieving clarity around a particular issue or ethical dilemma. He uses this knowledge to resolve complex issues and helps patients make informed decisions about therapy options. On a global scale, Peter addresses the resource allocation for Rare Disease Research, which is a thorny problem due to limited resources. He believes that it's crucial to not let individuals with rare diseases be left behind, as they often feel isolated and struggle to find others who understand their condition.  Timestamps: 04:20 Rare disease research and clinical practice 08:52 Running a research lab, genomics research, and mystery diagnoses 14:03 Muscular dystrophy diagnosis and treatment 20:00 Treating and curing neuromuscular diseases in children 28:26 Communicating with children about serious illnesses 32:57 Rare disease diagnosis and potential treatments 38:13 Personalized medicine, gene editing, and philosophy 43:00 Writing skills, ethical dilemmas, and rare diseases CONTACT: https://med.umn.edu/bio/peter-b-kang https://www.linkedin.com/in/pbkang pbkang@post.harvard.edu  

This week, listeners are in for a real treat as I sit down with Dr. Meibao Zhuang, Senior Scientist/Regulatory Consultant with B&C and our consulting affiliate, The Acta Group, to discuss double-stranded ribonucleic acid interference, better known as ds RNAi. Ds RNAi is a technology that allows scientists to silence (or interfere with) a particular gene. In the agricultural sector, this genetic modification can be used to great advantage to control pests of all sorts with extreme precision. Meibao will discuss EPA's proposed registration of the first sprayable RNAi biopesticide and the exciting implications of this technology. ALL MATERIALS IN THIS PODCAST ARE PROVIDED SOLELY FOR INFORMATIONAL  AND ENTERTAINMENT PURPOSES. THE MATERIALS ARE NOT INTENDED TO CONSTITUTE LEGAL ADVICE OR THE PROVISION OF LEGAL SERVICES. ALL LEGAL QUESTIONS SHOULD BE ANSWERED DIRECTLY BY A LICENSED ATTORNEY PRACTICING IN THE APPLICABLE AREA OF LAW. ©2023 Bergeson & Campbell, P.C.  All Rights Reserved

Even under the best conditions, crops need our assistance to survive the numerous threats that limit production. Classically, synthetic and natural compounds have been used to control insects, fungi and weeds, sometimes with negative collateral effects or fostering resistance of genetically tolerant genotypes. Todd Hauser from Trillium Ag describes his company's novel RNAi approach.  RNAi can be used to target specific insect species, and his company's design and particle-based technology appears to offer safety, effectiveness, and specificity. We discuss the use of RNAi and how it may be a key point of crop protection strategies, along with its inherent challenges.  

This week on North American Ag Spotlight Chrissy Wozniak learns about RNAi technology in agriculture from Todd Hauser, the Co-founder and Chief Executive Officer of Trillium Ag.  With more than 20 years of experience in biotechnology and gene silencing, Todd is a leader in the movement to modernize crop protection.  With an expert understanding of crop science and a passion to protect the long-term global food supply and the environment, Todd brings a unique combination of scientific experience and technological knowledge to Trillium Ag.Trillium Ag (www.trillium.ag) was founded in 2016 by Todd Hauser and Paul Olivier, two Seattle-area scientists and entrepreneurs with a more then 50 years of combined experience in bio-technology and RNA Interference (RNAi).  Their goal was to unlock the potential for a safer and more sustainable approach to farming by creating a revolutionary new class of biologicals that target pests and provide superior crop protection.  Leveraging their scientific expertise and new developments in RNAi technology, Trillium's co-founders recognized an opportunity to develop a crop protection platform that is greener, more effective and provides the answer to agriculture's escalating pest problem.      Traditional approaches to crop protection, such as synthetic chemicals and bacterial toxins, are in rapid decline. Due to increasing pest resistance, as well as regulatory and consumer pressures, there is an urgent need for new crop protection strategies in order to avoid continued worldwide crop losses of $220 billion annually.  The Trillium Ag team understood that the agricultural industry was facing a growing problem and it was critical to uncover a solution in order to secure the world's long-term food supply.  Tapping cutting-edge science and modern technology, Trillium Ag has developed Agrisome, the future of crop protection.Trillum Ag's patented Agrisome technology is a revolutionary crop protection platform that employs first-of-its-kind biologicals to target agriculture's most problematic pests, including, but not limited to, the lepidoptera and hemiptera insect classes.  Alone, these two orders of insects are responsible for $50 billion in crop losses across the globe annually.  Leveraging innovative RNAi science, Trillium Ag's breakthrough platform delivers a scalable, adaptable and stacked line of crop defense, providing a sustainable and biodegradable solution in the fight against crop-targeting pests. Agrisome utilizes naturally-derived protein coated RNA molecules creating a new class of biologicals that address and solve challenges that have hindered prior RNAi-derived crop protection attempts.  Agrisome targets and activates a pests own naturally occurring processes through gene silencing, unlocking a safer and more sustainable approach to farming.  Offering a topical and seed trait based product platform, Agrisome serves as a replacement for synthetic chemical pesticides and is poised to transform the agricultural industry. Agrisome has proven efficacy in both in vitro and in vivo models and Trillium Ag is currently collaborating with the industry's top commercial and academic leaders to further confirm commercial feasibility and broad scale agricultural application.  In addition, Trillium Ag's pipeline, which is based on naturally-derived protein coated RNA molecules, includes added sustainable bio-agriculture products currently in the research and development stage.Learn more about Trillium Ag at https://trillium.ag#rnai #modernfarming #agricultureNeed help with your agriculture based company's marketing plan? https://www.northamericanag.com/full-service-agri-marketingDon't just thank a farmer, pray for one too!Subscribe today at NorthAmericanAg.com!Subscribe to North American Ag at https://northamericanag.com

Dr. Steven Quay is the founder of Seattle-based Atossa Therapeutics Inc., established in 2009. Prior to his work at Atossa, he served as Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer of MDRNA, Inc., a biotechnology company focused on the development and commercialization of RNAi-based therapeutic products, from August 2000 to May 2008, and as its Chief Scientific Officer until November 30, 2008 (MDRNA, Inc. was formerly known as Nastech Pharmaceutical Company Inc. and is currently known as Marina Biotech, Inc.). Dr. Quay is certified in Anatomic Pathology with the American Board of Pathology, completed both an internship and residency in anatomic pathology at Massachusetts General Hospital, a Harvard Medical School teaching hospital, and is a former faculty member of the Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine.   Dr. Quay is a named inventor on 76 U.S. patents, 108 pending patent applications and is a named inventor on patents covering five pharmaceutical products that have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. He received an M.D. in 1977 and a Ph.D. in 1975 from the University of Michigan Medical School. He also received his B.A. degree in biology, chemistry and mathematics from Western Michigan University in 1971. Dr. Quay is a member of the American Society of Investigative Pathology, the Association of Molecular Pathology, the Society for Laboratory Automation and Screening and the Association of Pathology Informatics.

In today's episode, Rachel Ford Hutman and I talk through her journey in media relations, starting Ford Hutman Media and thriving through brand awareness in the life sciences space. Rachel Ford Hutman is the Founder and CEO of Ford Hutman Media. With 15+ years of communications experience at leading global PR agencies and a senior comms role at IBM, she created the agency to provide industry-leading media relations and thought leadership to elite life science companies across the globe. Clients range from venture-backed startups to large cap public companies. Rachel started her career as a reporter and excels at working with the media to bring life science stories to life while still making them accessible to stakeholders.During her career, Rachel has led communications for the world's biggest therapies and medical technologies of all time, including the first RNAi therapy (Alnylam's ONPATTRO), the first technology in the world to personalize insulin 24 hrs. a day (Medtronic's MiniMed 670G), IBM's AI launch into healthcare (Watson Health), the first therapy for DMD (Sarepta's EXONDYS 51), and Google's sister life science company (Verily). She has counseled some of the most well-known health/ technology organizations and developed communications strategies for the world's biggest brands (Verily, Johnson & Johnson, Medtronic, Pfizer, IBM, Best Buy, Takeda, Sanofi, Shire, Brigham & Women's, NHS).Rachel is consistently leveraging her long-standing relationships with global agenda-setting reporters on behalf of clients including CNBC, FOX Business, BBC, AP, Reuters, Bloomberg, The Today Show, Newsweek, Financial Times, Fast Company, TIME, Wired, Forbes, WSJ, NYTs, and key health trades like Modern Healthcare, Becker's Hospital Review, Digital Health Journal, GenomeWeb, BioWorld, Tech Republic, FierceBiotech, Endpoints, Drug Discovery Today and many more. Rachel also has investor and analyst relations experience that adds to her ability to highlight market dynamics.Named a Power Woman of San Diego 2020 and PRSA's PR Professional of the Year in 2011, Rachel has built a reputation for her positive energy, creativity and humor. She received her MA in communications and media studies at San Diego State University and her BA in English/ History from University of Maryland, Baltimore County. Rachel has presented on communications strategy to PR News, PR Week, The International PR Research Conference, NC State and San Diego State University. You can find Rachel HERE More on Ford Hutman Media HERE Subscribe HERE for exclusive access and bonus episodes!This is an episode that you do not want to miss!Also, if you haven't already done so already, follow the podcast on LinkedIn HERE.  I'm adding a bunch of bonus episodes to the feed and, if you're not following, there's a good chance you'll miss out.Join 1K+ women receiving  my weekly newsletter where I help YOU level up your recruiting skills, share market insights also with all the tips on how to recruit your next Rockstar HERE Thanks for listening! Support the show

RNAi is complicated! Join us as we talk with Dr. Steve Whitham from Iowa State about the infection process of plant viruses, the RNAi process, and some ways we use this technology.

The convergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and biotechnology has emerged as one of the most exciting and transformative areas of science. Researchers are developing new tools and technology that could bring about breakthroughs to revolutionize the fields of medicine and health care.  In this episode, we talk with scientists who are using AI to unlock new possibilities in the search for novel drugs, cures, and treatments.