Podcasts about isr

Send us Fan MailAaron, Trent, and Peaches get into the Ground Truth documentary controversy and the growing fight over what happened at Takur Ghar.The crew's position in this episode is pretty simple: the documentary is not out yet, so the evidence still has to speak for itself.Aaron explains why he is refusing to get dragged into character attacks, anonymous DMs, off-the-record conversations, or internet games designed to turn disagreement into personal warfare. If the documentary team believes it has evidence that changes the long-standing account of John Chapman's actions, then release it. Put the timestamps up. Put the ISR up. Put the claims next to the supporting evidence and let people examine it.Truth should not need a hype campaign.That leads into Aaron's exchange with the Ground Truth account after he posted a reel about Jason Cunningham. Aaron says his reel was based directly on Cunningham's Air Force Cross citation, which describes repeated exposure to enemy fire, moving casualty collection points, continuing treatment after being mortally wounded, and helping get ten gravely wounded Americans to lifesaving care.Peaches reads the citation on the episode.The crew also digs into what they see as a recurring problem in the way Air Force operators are discussed: reducing a combat controller to “the JTAC,” questioning why a medic was not treating casualties during an active firefight, or judging a career field you have never actually done.Then they turn the lens the other direction and make the same point about SEALs. Service rivalry is one thing. Mocking operators who died during a dangerous maritime boarding is something else entirely.The larger message is consistency:Critique claims.Critique evidence.Critique framing.But stop pretending you understand every other career field from the outside looking in.And if you say you have the full video?Release the documentary.Links:OnesReady.comOperatorTrainingSummit.comChapters:01:05 - Welcome Back to the Team Room01:33 - Operator Training Summit Updates04:58 - The Comment Sections Are a Dumpster Fire05:25 - Why Ones Ready Is Getting Dragged Into This07:42 - Truth Should Not Need a Defense09:32 - Why Aaron Won't Engage Off the Record13:21 - Not Everyone Wants to Relive the Event16:07 - Jason Cunningham's Air Force Cross Citation19:18 - Does the Problem Run Deeper Than One Claim?20:21 - JTAC Is Not the Entire CCT Job23:08 - Stop Pretending You Know Everyone Else's Job24:09 - The SEAL Maritime Boarding Example26:14 - SEALs Became Victims of Their Own Marketing27:43 - Critique the Claims, Not the People30:35 - What Video Does the Documentary Actually Have?32:25 - If You Edit the Video, Expect the Same Questions33:24 - Social Media Is Still a Dumpster Fire35:23 - Wrap-Up and New MerchSupport the showJoin this channel to get access to perks: HEREBuzzsprout Subscription page:  HERERegister for our Operator Training Summit:  OperatorTrainingSummit.comFind an Air Force Recruiter: AirForce.comCollabs:Ones Ready - OnesReady.com 18A Fitness - Promo Code:  ONESREADY ATACLete - Follow the URL (no promo code):  ATACLeteDanger Close Apparel - Promo Code:  ONESREADYDFND Apparel...

Brazilian Critical Minerals Ltd (ASX:BCM) managing director Andrew Reid spoke with Proactive's Stephen Gunnion about the Ema rare earths project, its in-situ recovery (ISR) process, project economics and the key milestones ahead as the company advances development. Reid said Ema is distinctive because BCM plans to apply in-situ recovery, a technique widely used for rare earth extraction in Southeast Asia but not currently applied to comparable projects in the Western world. Discussing the project's economics, Reid highlighted the simplicity and cost-effectiveness of ISR, which removes the need for many conventional mining activities and infrastructure, including open-pit mining, large mining fleets, haul roads, waste dumps and tailings dams. "The key drivers of all those things is the actual in-situ recovery process itself. It's very simple, it's very streamlined, and it's extremely cost-effective," he said. He also discussed the use of magnesium sulfate, commonly known as Epsom salts, as the reagent in the project's leaching process, and what this could mean for Ema's environmental footprint. BCM is now progressing Ema into FEED, with detailed design work expected to feed into local engineering work in Brazil before packages can be awarded to vendors. Reid also discussed progress on land titles and environmental permitting following the public hearing in Apuí. Looking ahead, Reid identified environmental permitting, an offtake agreement, project financing, detailed design and the awarding of construction packages as key steps towards development and eventual first product from Ema. Visit Proactive's YouTube channel for more interviews and videos. Give the video a like, subscribe to the channel and enable notifications so you don't miss future content. Read Proactive's Editorial Policy here: https://www.proactiveinvestors.co.uk/pages/editorialPolicy #BrazilianCriticalMinerals #EmaProject #RareEarths #RareEarthElements #CriticalMinerals #InSituRecovery #ISR #Mining #MiningInvestment #RareEarthMining #ProjectDevelopment #FEED #Brazil #Apuí #CriticalMineralsMining #ProactiveInvestors.

Interview with Janet Lee Sheriff, Director & CEO of Verdera EnergyOur previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/verdera-energy-tsxvv-high-grade-resource-in-new-mexico-positioned-for-us-uranium-growth-10515Recording date: 25th September 2026Verdera Energy Corp. (TSXV:V, OTCQB:VUECF) is a New Mexico-focused uranium developer built around in-situ recovery (ISR), the extraction method behind roughly 60% of global uranium output. The company holds private mineral rights over approximately 400 square miles of the Grants Uranium District, historically one of the world's most productive uranium regions and once a leading source of U.S. supply.The portfolio spans four core projects. Crownpoint and Hosta Butte hold a current NI 43-101 estimate of 23.42 million pounds Indicated and 5.36 million pounds Inferred. Nose Rock, West Largo and Ambrosia Lake carry historic estimates that have yet to be verified as current resources. Following the sale of Treeline, the combined portfolio stands at roughly 86.6 million pounds of current and historic uranium.Verdera's most distinctive asset is its data. The company acquired the Uranium Resources Inc. database with its enCore Energy spin-out and separately bought the Kerr-McGee archive. Together these cover about 90% of New Mexico's historic uranium records, including around 250,000 drill hole logs and, according to CEO Janet Lee-Sheriff, historic wellfield plans and designs. Staff in Durango, Colorado, are scanning and consolidating the records.That archive is now being put to work in two ways. At West Largo, where the historic estimate totals 17.2 million pounds with the bulk grading 0.30% eU₃O₈, the team has recovered the original drill logs and is incorporating them into an NI 43-101 technical report. Management believes this may remove the need for validation drilling. Separately, the archive underpinned the sale of the non-core Treeline project to Americas Uranium, which closed on 24 September 2026. Verdera received US$100,000 in cash and C$200,000 in shares, with C$1.8 million more in shares due over 36 months and a retained 1.5% royalty. Management expects further transactions of this kind.The company is well funded for its current stage. Lee-Sheriff cited about C$23 million in the bank, while the presentation shows C$24 million in cash and marketable securities at 31 August 2026. The company's own peer comparison puts Verdera at C$0.36 of enterprise value per pound, well below enCore at C$8.02 and Laramide at C$1.54. Part of that discount reflects the historic status of most of Verdera's resource base.Social licence is the central non-technical challenge. New Mexico's legacy of conventional mining left strong community concerns, and past projects stalled at state level. Lee-Sheriff, who also leads the Clean Energy Association of New Mexico, is pursuing a two-track strategy of state and federal engagement alongside hands-on community work with tribes and residents. The Cibola County commissioners' three-to-two vote in favour of supporting ISR extraction, taken the day before the interview, is an early sign of shifting sentiment.Key watch-items include the West Largo NI 43-101 report, further monetisation of non-core assets, county and state permitting signals, and the quarterly release of restricted enCore-related shares through February 2027. Verdera's stated long-term goal is production, delivered with partners experienced in ISR operations.View Verdera Energy's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/verdera-energySign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com/subscribe

Interview with enCore Energy Executive Chair William Sheriff Our previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/encore-energy-nasdaqeu-founder-transition-isr-growth-verdera-upside-9413Recording date: 25th September 2026enCore Energy Corp. (NASDAQ:EU, TSXV:EU) is a US in-situ recovery (ISR) uranium producer with two operating central processing plants in South Texas: Alta Mesa, a 70/30 joint venture with Boss Energy, and Rosita. It also has development projects in South Dakota and Wyoming. In an interview with Crux Investor, founder and Executive Chair William Sheriff set out where the company stands after a difficult 2026 and what investors should watch next.The central issue is permitting. Two new sources of feed are built and ready: Wellfield 3 Extension at Alta Mesa, and the Upper Spring Creek satellite ion exchange plant and wellfield that feed Rosita. A third, Wellfield 8 at Alta Mesa, was days from completion. Final permits from the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality (TCEQ) are guided for Q4 2026 for the first two and by the end of Q1 2027 for Wellfield 8. Sheriff blames the delay on an impasse between previous management and the regulator, which he describes as self-induced. New Chief Executive Richard Little has since rebuilt the relationship, and Sheriff says any surprise on timing is more likely to be positive. The company intends to announce when the first permit clears public comment without opposition.Until then, extraction will be minimal. Wellfield 7 reached the end of its economic life in Q3, leaving a gap of three to four months. First-half 2026 figures already showed the slowdown, with 131,274 pounds of U3O8 extracted against 317,613 pounds a year earlier. The company met contract deliveries of 485,000 pounds partly with 360,000 purchased pounds. That lifted the weighted average cost of delivered uranium to $75.54 per pound, against an average sales price of $70.10.Management has responded with cost discipline. Little has more than 30 years in production-focused roles, and Sheriff says he agreed to join only if Sheriff returned. Staff numbers were cut by around 24% after an early-year hiring surge. Because drilling had run well ahead of permitting, Sheriff says the rig count was cut from 32 to 10. Total liquidity was $88.4 million at June 30, or $73.5 million excluding Verdera shares. The company has not drawn on its US$250 million ATM facility, and Sheriff says he has no interest in doing so.The share price was hit in September by heavy ETF-related selling, which briefly pushed the stock below US$0.70 on record volume. Sheriff and his wife bought about $250,000 of shares. The price recovered to the $1.20 to $1.25 range within two trading sessions of the September 18 low.Longer-term growth centres on Dewey Burdock in South Dakota. The project obtained all federal permits in under a year through the FAST-41 programme and entered state permitting in June 2026. Its preliminary economic assessment outlines 750,000 pounds a year, total life-of-mine capital of $264.2 million and a 39% pre-tax IRR at $86.34 per pound.Shareholders are also due to receive about 0.18 of a Verdera Energy share per enCore share on September 30. enCore received the Verdera shares when it sold its New Mexico assets to the company in 2025. The distribution gives holders exposure to about 88 million pounds across six New Mexico properties, a mix of current NI 43-101 resources and historical estimates. enCore keeps about 13.5% of Verdera.Sheriff continues to argue for consolidation among US ISR producers, now through agreed deals rather than tender offers. For investors, the near-term test is simple: whether permits arrive on schedule and turn built infrastructure into steady production.

Imagery released September 17 showed Green Berets from 5th Special Forces Group (Airborne) at Fort Campbell, Kentucky, arming a small drone with an explosive payload during training conducted on August 14. Officials confirmed the exercise was testing the capabilities and effects of explosive-ordnance attack drones flown via first-person-view feeds, though technical specifics were withheld for operational security. This episode looks at what the release signals about a broader shift in Army special operations doctrine, where low-cost drones are increasingly treated as lethal tools rather than pure ISR assets. We break down what this means for the future of small-unit tactics on the modern battlefield.

R.E.A.C.H and Tempest return to the City, and R.E.A.C.H learns of Warren's conditionOn this week's episode, Jared , Ky, and Ben jump back into Replaced and discover a lot about R.E.A.C.H's purpose, are introduced to new mechanics and storypoints, and discuss the fact that R.E.A.C.H seems to be gaining sentience. Just how much did Warren hide from R.E.A.C.H? Is R.E.A.C.H becoming human? And just how far are they willing to follow Tempest?Find out in this week's episode!Find all of our socials as well as our discord server here!:⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://linktr.ee/PlayAlongPodcast⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Episodes of this podcast go up every Tuesday at 7 am PST

Colonel Todd O'Malley concludes our four-part journey through the evolution of Canadian tactical and special operations aviation. Todd returns to Moose Jaw, where he transitions from helicopters to fixed-wing flying, learns to instruct on the CT-156 Harvard and later becomes Commandant of 2 Canadian Forces Flying Training School.He also recounts commanding B Flight at 427 Squadron, developing maritime counterterrorism capabilities and helping transform the unit from tactical helicopter support into a dedicated special operations aviation squadron. After more than a decade in civilian aviation, Todd explains what brought him back into uniform as Director Air and Space at CANSOFCOM. The conversation explores the rapid growth of uncrewed aircraft, counter-UAS and space capabilities, lessons emerging from real-world allied experience, and Todd's advice for anyone considering special operations aviation. He closes by recognizing the mentors, colleagues and family members who made his remarkable career possible.CONTINUE THE FLIGHTEXPLORE THE LOGBOOKMore stories from RCAF and mission aviation pilotshttps://podpilotproject.transistor.fm/episodes(00:00:00) Introduction and Welcome(00:02:03) Instructing at 2 Canadian Forces Flying Training School(00:04:18) Returning to Fixed-Wing Flying(00:07:58) Converting from the Tutor to the Harvard(00:09:21) Why Flight Instructing Is So Difficult(00:11:12) The Most Rewarding Part of Instructing(00:12:45) When Students Arrive Unprepared(00:14:29) Returning to Fix a Missed Opportunity(00:16:46) Returning to Moose Jaw as Commandant(00:19:03) Being Both an Instructor and a Principal(00:19:47) Influencing the Student Experience as Commandant(00:21:03) Mentorship and Perspective(00:23:33) The Weight of Ending a Student's Training(00:25:24) How Students React to Being Told They Are Done(00:26:59) Why the Good Days Outweigh the Bad(00:29:46) Returning to 427 Squadron in 2003(00:32:43) Commanding B Flight(00:36:48) The Difference Between Elite and Elitist(00:38:05) When 427 Squadron Began Drifting Apart(00:39:47) Developing Maritime Counterterrorism Capabilities(00:44:17) Standing Up CANSOFCOM(00:45:47) Transforming Tactical Helicopter Aviation into SOF Aviation(00:47:41) Why Todd Retired from the RCAF(00:49:56) Lessons from Civilian Aviation(00:52:52) Military and Civilian Workplace Cultures(00:54:18) Returning to the RCAF(00:56:30) The Director Air and Space Mandate(00:59:17) How Canadian SOF Aviation Is Evolving(01:01:48) Learning from Allies(01:03:51) Special Operations in a Changing World(01:04:46) Advice for Joining Special Operations Aviation(01:07:17) Todd's Remaining Career Goals(01:08:56) Recognizing the People Behind His Career(01:11:39) Closing the Series

The first armed drone Ukraine ever fielded wasn't built in a factory or procured from a defense contractor. It was built in four months by a network engineer using a Starlink terminal and a large agricultural quadcopter frame, and the man who built it, Maj Phoenix, co-founder of Lasars Group, joins Craig Smith in Kyiv to explain exactly how it happened and what the battlefield looks like now. The conversation traces the full arc from that first prototype - with its two-person crew of pilot and navigator, operating beyond line of sight using satellite imagery and landmarks - to the layered drone architecture Lasars Group now operates: FPV drones on fiber optic covering 30 kilometers, heavy bombers reaching 65 kilometers, ISR planes surveilling the entire range, and interceptors protecting each crew position. The most unexpected part of this conversation is what drone technology has done to the physical shape of the war. As drone range has expanded - from rifles at 400 meters to FPV at 10 kilometers to heavy bombers at 65 kilometers - the kill zone between the two armies has grown to match, pushing human soldiers further apart and turning the conflict increasingly into drones fighting drones rather than people fighting people. Phoenix frames this explicitly as a reduction in human casualties. The episode also reveals a genuinely surprising institutional innovation: Ukraine's "Army of Drones Bonus" system, a gamified procurement platform where units earn virtual points for destroyed targets and spend them on a drone marketplace, creating competition among manufacturers to build cheaper, more effective systems and directing the best equipment to the highest-performing units. Craig also asks directly about the psychological reality of FPV warfare, following a specific soldier through a camera, watching him try to hide, and killing him, and Phoenix answers with a moral clarity that is both philosophically coherent and quietly unsettling. Subscribe to Eye on A.I. for weekly conversations with the people building and deploying the future of AI.

Send us Fan MailAaron, Trent, and Peaches jump straight into the renewed fight over MSgt John Chapman, Takur Ghar, and the Medal of Honor narrative after new reels and an upcoming documentary challenge the accepted account of what happened on that mountain.And this one is personal.The crew lived through the era, knew people directly connected to the event, watched the years of investigation that went into Chapman's Medal of Honor upgrade, and remember the resistance surrounding it. So when a new documentary suggests Chapman was killed within minutes of the second insertion — and questions whether he deserved the Medal of Honor — the standard for evidence gets very high, very fast.Aaron lays out the central problem: if you are going to overturn an account supported by years of ISR analysis, AC-130 crews, ground participants, Pentagon review, and the eventual Medal of Honor decision, you need something more than a different interpretation. You need evidence strong enough to completely change the picture.Trent questions the timing, the framing, and the long history surrounding the controversy. Peaches pushes back on attacking individual SEALs, including Slabinski, while also asking the uncomfortable question: who benefits from reopening this fight now?They also dig into the allegation that the ISR timestamps are wrong, radio-call arguments, conflicting accounts, the Medal of Honor Museum controversy, the difference between questioning evidence and simply introducing doubt, and why this documentary has put itself in a brutally difficult position.Nobody on this episode claims to have watched the full release yet. In fact, they repeatedly say the opposite: they intend to watch it, look at the evidence, and change their minds if the evidence earns it.But the bar is simple:If you are going to overturn the call on the field, the replay better be undeniable.Links:OnesReady.comOperatorTrainingSummit.comChapters:01:01 - The Chappie Controversy Is Back01:47 - Why Peaches Responded02:47 - “The Truth Matters”04:23 - Eight Years After the Medal of Honor04:56 - Why the Timing Raises Questions05:50 - The ISR Work Behind the Medal Upgrade06:58 - Is This Becoming Another Internet Investigation?08:06 - The Timestamp Argument09:10 - If It Wasn't Chapman, Who Was It?11:14 - Has the AFSOC Story Ever Really Changed?13:02 - Who Actually Benefits?15:21 - Did They Say Chapman Didn't Deserve It?17:07 - Playing the Reel20:47 - Medal of Honor Museum Fallout24:22 - Nobody Here Is Asking for Slab's Medal26:09 - Why This Looks Bad for the SEAL Community28:26 - Is This About Evidence or Introducing Doubt?29:59 - What Would Change Peaches' Mind?31:27 - Trent's Prediction32:28 - Aaron's Standard: Clear and Incontrovertible33:25 - Monday Better Be a Home RunSupport the showJoin this channel to get access to perks: HEREBuzzsprout Subscription page:  HERERegister for our Operator Training Summit:  OperatorTrainingSummit.comFind an Air Force Recruiter: AirForce.comCollabs:Ones Ready - OnesReady.com 18A Fitness - Promo Code:  ONESREADY ATACLete - Follow the URL (no promo code):  ATACLeteDanger Close Apparel - Promo Code:  ONESREADYDFND Apparel...

Bienvenus à l'écoute de ce nouvel épisode d'Éclairons la retraite avec BNP Paribas Épargne & Retraite Entreprises. Aujourd'hui, c'est l'investissement responsable que nous allons mettre en lumière. Comment le définir ? Quels sont ses objectifs ?Et plus particulièrement, nous allons nous intéresser à l'investissement responsable dans le cadre de l'épargne d'entreprise à travers cette question : peut-on choisir d'investir de manière responsable dans les dispositifs d'épargne retraite entreprises ?En savoir plus sur BNP Paribas Épargne & Retraite EntreprisesEn savoir plus sur l'épargne d'entreprise chez BNP Paribas Épargne & Retraite EntreprisesHébergé par Ausha. Visitez ausha.co/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

La idea de un déficit permanente parece permear sobre los economistas de la 4T que hicieron el Paquete Económico 2027.En consecuencia, hay varias alertas: un déficit público de casi 1.4 billones de pesos, la caída prevista en la recaudación de impuestos, específicamente del ISR, y el valor del dólar.Una conversación con Mario Alavez, reportero de El Cronista con 15 años de experiencia en el sector financiero.Visita la sección de Finanzas de El Sol de México para estar al día del contexto económico. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Sheinbaum anuncia facilidades fiscales para micro y pequeñas empresas  Aclaran criterios sobre maternidad en casos de gestación por sustituciónInvestigan propiedades por presunto financiamiento ilícito de película sobre BolsonaroMás información en nuestro podcast#grc

El tema sobre la mesa. 09 de septiembre del 2026. – El presupuesto 2027 proyecta un gasto de 10.63 billones de pesos con ingresos de solo 9.2 billones — un déficit de 1.4 billones que se cubrirá con endeudamiento, en un año electoral donde el principal destino del gasto son los programas sociales y la Guardia Nacional. El IMSS recibirá más recursos para implementar la salud universal, pero ya opera con citas a seis meses, sin especialistas ni medicamentos suficientes — cargarle más demanda sin resolver la capacidad actual es la contradicción central del presupuesto. No habrá nuevos impuestos formales, pero sí reducción de beneficios fiscales a empresas y endurecimiento del ISR — quienes pagan impuestos financiarán más servicios para quienes no pagan, con crecimiento económico proyectado de apenas 1-2%.

FGR asegura mil 500 litros de combustible ilegal en Hidalgo Controlan fuga en gasera de Huehuetoca, Estado de MéxicoTemplo de 150 años colapsa y cae al río GangesMás información en nuestro podcast#grc

Interview with Jonathan Fisher, CEO of Cauldron EnergyRecording date: 2nd September 2026Cauldron Energy (ASX:CXU) holds 55 million pounds of JORC-compliant uranium resource at its Yanrey Project in Western Australia, with an exploration target of up to 269 million additional pounds. The company's near-perfect drilling record and strategic positioning make it a compelling uranium story—provided Western Australia lifts its longstanding mining ban.The Yanrey Project spans three deposits: Bennett Well, Manyingee South, and Manyingee North are all situated in a region considered highly prospective for in-situ recovery (ISR) uranium mining. Cauldron's exploration has been remarkably successful wherein the first 24 drill holes at Manyingee North intersected mineralisation, defining a maiden 10-million-pound resource with a 100% hit rate. Subsequent drilling of 40 to 50 additional holes has maintained that near-perfect success rate.The company uses passive seismic surveying to identify buried palaeochannels, ancient river systems, that concentrated uranium as they flowed eastward from granitic sources. Three channels have been drilled to date, yielding the three known deposits, with 20-30 more channels still untested. A formal resource update is expected later in 2026 following the completion of the current drilling campaign.Western Australia's state-level uranium mining ban remains the single biggest obstacle to production. Despite this, Cauldron received two government exploration grants in April 2026, a signal CEO Jonathan Fisher interprets as contradictory but encouraging. Additional indicators of potential policy shift include a parliamentary inquiry where over 60% of submissions favoured uranium mining, and a recent by-election swing toward the pro-uranium One Nation party.While the ban persists, Cauldron is maximising its resource base to become either a ready-to-develop asset or an attractive takeover target once policy changes. The company has partnered with Uzbekistan's Navoi Mining and Metallurgical Company to de-risk ISR process design and hired an experienced environmental manager to navigate regulatory approvals. Groundwater testing by ANSTO found low salinity across all three deposits—a favourable factor for ISR recovery economics.Cauldron's investment case hinges entirely on Western Australia lifting its mining ban. While management cites multiple signals of policy change, none are confirmed. Technical risks remain, as demonstrated by peer Boss Energy's setbacks at its Honeymoon ISR operation, though Cauldron's Navoi partnership aims to mitigate such risks. Shareholder concentration is high, with a family office holding ~30% and ETFs ~15–16%, providing stability but limiting free float.View Cauldron Energy's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/cauldron-energy-limitedSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com/subscribe

Episode 322 – The UNCtion First up, it's #OFFTHEDOME:

Episode 322 – The UNCtion First up, it's #OFFTHEDOME:

Protección Civil desmiente supuesto simulacro de alerta en celulares  Azcapotzalco prepara jornada de adopción para perros y gatosCruz Roja recuerda a 36 trabajadores muertos durante labores humanitariasMás información en nuestro podcast#grc

Most people think of drones as toys. Alden Jones thinks of them as infrastructure. In this episode of The Product Podcast, Carlos (CEO at Product School) visits Skydio's California office to sit down with Alden Jones, VP of Product at Skydio, the autonomous drone company building "flying robots" for public safety, defense, and infrastructure inspection. With a history degree and a military background (he was a truck-driving officer running supply convoys in Iraq) rather than an engineering one, Alden explains how a vertically integrated company of nearly 1,000 people builds everything in house, from chip-level design to hardware, embedded software, and cloud, and why autonomy, not just flight, is the real product.He breaks down Skydio's "Drone as First Responder" (DFR) program, where a drone often reaches the scene before human officers, and the outcomes dashboard cities use to track response times. He compares the economics against police helicopters (roughly $3,000 an hour to operate and $10-25M to buy), walks through the defense and tactical ISR use cases shaped by the war in Ukraine, and explains how thousands of cheaper camera drones could democratize air support while saving lives. He covers physical security (where 90-95% of alarms turn out to be false), the work of earning FAA trust to unlock groundbreaking waivers, and why Skydio's $3.5B, five-year investment in US and allied supply chains is funded by revenue instead of debt. He also opens up the product org itself: roughly 20 product managers across the entire stack, "strike teams" that work like forward-deployed engineers, and a customer-first culture where PMs are expected to go watch the robot fly in the real world.What you'll learn:Why Skydio calls its products "flying robots," and the "toys to tools to infrastructure" thesisWhat full vertical integration looks like: chip-down design to cloud, all in houseHow "Drone as First Responder" changes 911 response, tracked in a live outcomes dashboardThe real economics of drones vs. police helicoptersHow the war in Ukraine reshaped Skydio's thinking on tactical ISR and democratizing air supportWhy 90-95% of physical security alarms are false, and how autonomous drones clear them at near-zero marginal costHow Skydio earns FAA trust to fly beyond visual line of sight and win first-mover waiversWhy a $3.5B, five-year US manufacturing commitment is funded by revenue, not debtHow one pilot flying multiple drones becomes possible only through real autonomyHow Skydio runs product with ~20 PMs, "strike teams," and a customer-first org designWhy shipping hardware plus software (the Tesla comparison) shapes a roughly two-year program cycleConnect with Alden Jones, VP of Product, Skydio:LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/aldenljones/Host: Carlos, CEO at Product SchoolLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/villaumbrosia/About Skydio: Skydio is a US-based manufacturer of autonomous drones ("flying robots") for public safety, defense, security, and infrastructure inspection. Founded in 2014 and headquartered in California, the company is vertically integrated across hardware, autonomy software, and cloud.About the Product Podcast: Product School's podcast brings you candid conversations with the founders and product leaders shaping tech.Social Links:Find out more about Product School hereFollow our Podcast on TikTok hereFollow Product School on LinkedIn here

    What does it take to keep wounded Soldiers alive when the next war means hours — not minutes — to the operating table? In this special collaboration between WarDocs and OP MED TV, recorded at the Defense Strategies Institute OP MED Symposium, COL Shaun Brown, MD, Commander of the U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research, lays out the research agenda that will decide whether the wounded of the next conflict survive. COL Brown's path into Army medicine began with a rejection. Poor eyesight closed the door on the U.S. Naval Academy, so he pursued pre-med as a civilian undergraduate. When 9/11 happened, it solidified both his commitment to medicine and his decision to serve, and he took an Army HPSP scholarship in medical school. He trained in general surgery at William Beaumont Army Medical Center — a program with a long, quiet relationship with the special operations community — where attendings would vanish overnight for operational requirements. He chose colorectal surgery as a fellowship to add technical range he could use in civilian practice and on the battlefield, then joined Joint Special Operations Command at Fort Bragg after a year on staff in El Paso. Now commanding the Army's premier combat casualty care research enterprise, COL Brown is candid about what excites him and what worries him. He is most energized by the Organ Support and Automated Technology department, and he uses a widely shared video of a Ukrainian amputee evacuated by unmanned ground system to make his point: autonomous evacuation without autonomous medical support only moves the walking wounded. Ventilators that read changing physiology and adjust themselves, autonomous IV pumps, and en-route support are the missing half of the capability. His concern is combat wounds. In large-scale combat operations with prolonged evacuation timelines, Dr. Brown expects most damage control surgery to be done for sepsis rather than hemorrhage — the patients who cannot be evacuated become septic extremities. He also walks through the blood problem: whole blood is the standard, low-titer O supply will not be sufficient at scale, and the answer is shelf-stable components, including freeze-dried and spray-dried plasma, freeze-dried platelets, and freeze-dried red cells. The conversation closes on people. Brown details how the Army sustains surgical readiness through a diversified platform of military treatment facilities, civilian partnerships, and untapped Veterans Affairs relationships; how he coordinates with the Reserve consultant to pair complementary skill sets on deploying teams; and why, quoting the Army War College, he still serves: you train for the known and you educate for the unknown. Chapters (00:50-02:16) From Naval Academy Dreams to Army Medicine (02:16-04:33) Colorectal Surgery and the Road to Joint Special Operations Command (04:33-08:06) Commanding the ISR: Autonomous En-Route Care and the Combat Wound Gap (08:06-11:59) Blood, Plasma, and the Shelf-Stable Future of Resuscitation (11:59-18:16) Burn Care, Surgical Readiness, and Partnerships Across Components (18:16-22:22) Forward Surgical Capability Gaps and Why He Still Serves Chapter Summaries (00:50-02:16) From Naval Academy Dreams to Army Medicine Brown describes how bad eyesight ended his plan to attend the U.S. Naval Academy and sent him to a civilian undergraduate program and pre-med coursework. September 11th solidified his decision to pursue both medicine and military service, and he applied for the HPSP scholarship in medical school, choosing the Army's four-year award over the Air Force's three-year option. (02:16-04:33) Colorectal Surgery and the Road to Joint Special Operations Command He explains why he chose colorectal surgery — additional technical skill he could use in civilian practice and on the battlefield — and how residency at William Beaumont Army Medical Center exposed him early to the special operations world. He recounts getting the recruiting call while loading a moving van in New Orleans, then completing assessment and selection before moving to Fort Bragg. (04:33-08:06) Commanding the ISR: Autonomous En-Route Care and the Combat Wound Gap COL Brown identifies the Organ Support and Automated Technology department as the work he is most excited about, using a Ukrainian unmanned-ground-system evacuation video to argue that autonomous platforms without autonomous medical support can only move the walking wounded. He then names his chief concern: combat wound research funding, and his expectation that in large-scale combat operations most damage control surgery will be done for sepsis rather than hemorrhage. (08:06-11:59) Blood, Plasma, and the Shelf-Stable Future of Resuscitation The discussion turns to the evolution from component therapy to 1:1:1 ratios to whole blood, and Dr. Brown's assessment that low-titer O will not be available in sufficient quantity for large-scale combat operations. He details work on freeze-dried and spray-dried plasma, freeze-dried platelets, and freeze-dried red cells, noting that spray-drying is faster, cheaper, and uses equipment roughly the size of two ATMs — a major advantage for distributed manufacturing. (11:59-18:16) Burn Care, Surgical Readiness, and Partnerships Across Components COL Brown addresses the burn casualty problem in a future fight: forward Class VIII resuscitation supply, scaling the Advanced Burn Life Support course for deploying units, and partnerships with civilian burn centers, including placing Army burn surgeons in MILCIV sites. He then lays out the diversified surgical platform — military treatment facilities, community hospitals, and underused VA partnerships — and how he works with the Reserve consultant to pair complementary skill sets on deploying units. (18:16-22:22) Forward Surgical Capability Gaps and Why He Still Serves Asked what a forward surgical team still needs, COL Brown points to an off-the-shelf, infection-resistant biologic vascular conduit as a potential game changer over shunts — with the training investment that would require. He closes with his why, quoting the Army War College maxim that you train for the known and educate for the unknown, and asking who will be left to educate the next generation if experienced leaders walk away during the interwar period. Take Home Messages Autonomous evacuation without autonomous care only moves the walking wounded: Unmanned ground and air systems can pull a casualty off the battlefield, but a platform alone does not sustain a patient who needs a ventilator, a pump, or a transfusion en route. The medical community must be in the ground-maneuver conversation early, because a small design change can turn a logistics platform into a casualty evacuation platform. Autonomous ventilators that read changing physiology and adjust themselves are the missing half of that capability. In the next war, sepsis may drive damage control surgery more than hemorrhage: Prolonged evacuation timelines change the casualty population that reaches a surgeon. Patients in uncontrolled hemorrhage far from a surgical team frequently do not survive the wait, while patients with survivable wounds that cannot be evacuated arrive septic days later. Combat wound research and combat wound solutions deserve renewed funding priority for large-scale combat operations. Shelf-stable blood components are the answer to a cold chain that will not hold: Warm whole blood remains the standard of care, but low-titer O will not be available in the quantities a large-scale conflict demands, and cold chain storage is a logistical vulnerability. Freeze-dried and spray-dried plasma, freeze-dried platelets, and freeze-dried red cells are all in the research pipeline. Spray-drying offers a particular advantage: it is faster, cheaper, and the equipment footprint is small enough to support distributed manufacturing forward. Burn readiness is a supply problem, a training problem, and a partnership problem: Thermal weapons, lasers, fuel, and explosions could produce burn casualty volumes the system has not seen in decades. Resuscitation depends on adequate crystalloid and plasma forward, on teams trained to calculate burn surface area correctly, and on scaling the Advanced Burn Life Support course to deploying units. Long-term capacity also depends on formal relationships with civilian burn centers and on placing military burn surgeons inside those partnerships. Surgical readiness comes from a diversified platform, not from one hospital: Military treatment facility volume alone will not sustain a surgeon's skills, so readiness now depends on layering community hospital partnerships and Veterans Affairs relationships on top of the military caseload. Functional VA hospitals near large installations without strong academic affiliations are ripe for preferred referral partnerships. What surgeons need most is not trauma volume but complexity, which older patients with more complex medical conditions reliably provide. Episode Keywords military medicine, combat casualty care, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, ISR, Shaun Brown, WarDocs, OP MED TV, Army surgeon, damage control surgery, LSCO, large-scale combat operations, whole blood, freeze dried plasma, spray dried plasma, blood products, burn care, Army Burn Center, prolonged casualty care, en route care, autonomous medical systems, trauma surgery, military health system, surgical readiness, Army medicine Hashtags #MilitaryMedicine, #WarDocs, #CombatCasualtyCare, #ArmyMedicine, #TraumaSurgery, #LSCO, #MilitaryHealth, #BurnCare Honoring the Legacy and Preserving the History of Military Medicine   The WarDocs Mission: WarDocs exists to honor the legacy of Military Medicine, preserve its history, and inspire every generation — across all Services, Corps, and Ranks — to serve with excellence and pride. Through mentorship, coaching, and education, we equip those considering, entering, and serving in military medicine with the knowledge, connections, and community they need to thrive. We celebrate Who we are, What we do, and, most importantly, How we serve Our Patients, the DoW, and Our Nation.   Find out more and join Team WarDocs at https://www.wardocspodcast.com/ Check our list of previous guest episodes at https://www.wardocspodcast.com/our-guests Subscribe and Like our Videos on our YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/@wardocspodcast Listen to the “What We Are For” Episode 47. https://bit.ly/3r87Afm   WarDocs- The Military Medicine Podcast is a Non-Profit, Tax-exempt-501(c)(3) Veteran Run Organization run by volunteers. All donations are tax-deductible and go to honoring and preserving the history, experiences, successes, and lessons learned in Military Medicine. A tax receipt will be sent to you.   WARDOCS documents the experiences, contributions, and innovations of all military medicine Services, ranks, and Corps who are affectionately called “Docs” as a sign of respect, trust, and confidence on and off the battlefield, demonstrating dedication to the medical care of fellow comrades in arms.   Follow Us on Social Media Twitter: @wardocspodcast Facebook: WarDocs Podcast Instagram: @wardocspodcast LinkedIn: WarDocs-The Military Medicine Podcast YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/@wardocspodcast

Buenos días. La recaudación por ISR cayó con fuerza por la debilidad manufacturera, mientras Sheinbaum abre una ventana de diálogo con la CNTE de Oaxaca y Banxico mejora sus expectativas de crecimiento para 2026. En paralelo, el país sigue atrapado entre informalidad laboral, presión comercial de EU, remesas al alza y una economía global que no deja de moverse entre guerra, tecnología y mercados.Este episodio es presentado por STRTGY. Ayudamos a empresas a tomar decisiones importantes con más claridad y menos riesgo. Visítanos en strtgy.ai, agenda una demo en nuestro número de WhatsApp https://wa.me/message/OBMMAXWLCWTPC1 o escríbenos un correo a arturo@strtgy.ai.Recibe gratis nuestro newsletter con las noticias más importantes del día.Si te interesa una mención en El Brieff, escríbenos a arturo@strtgy.ai Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

SAT supera los 2.9 billones de pesos en recaudación Entregan apoyos médicos y anuncian cirugías gratuitas en EDOMEXINE inicia evaluación de aspirantes a consejeros electoralesMás información en nuestro podcast#grc

Im August 2014 hatten Kämpfer der Terrormiliz "Islamischer Staat" (IS) im Irak Tausende jesidische Männer ermordet und Frauen und Kinder versklavt. Deutschland beherbergt mit schätzungsweise über 100.000 bis 200.000 Menschen die weltweit größte jesidische Gemeinschaft. Wie leben Jesiden in Deutschland? Wie steht es um die juristische Aufarbeitung gegen IS-Rückkehrer? Und warum werden Jesiden wieder in den Nordirak abgeschoben? Susanne Babila diskutiert mit Farhad Alsilo –Überlebender und Student; Prof. Ilhan Kizilhan – Traumatherapeut und Orient-Experte; Dr. Sandra Kostner – Migrationsforscherin an der PH Schwäbisch Gmünd

New term, new surah. This term and next, we're studying one of the most important surahs in the Qur'an — the one Rasul ﷺ told us to read every Friday: Surah al-Kahf.This note is a companion to the video. Watch for the full explanation; use this to hold the structure in your mind.Why this surah mattersRasulullah ﷺ taught that Surah al-Kahf is our protection from the Dajjāl — the great deceiver who comes as the greatest trial to humanity near the end of time. Every prophet from Nūḥ عليه السلام onward warned their people about him. But because Prophet Muḥammad ﷺ is the last messenger, with no prophet to come after him, he was given something extra: not only the warning and description, but the protection. And that protection is in this surah.The Dajjāl will be given powers that appear divine — controlling the weather, appearing to raise the dead — until he claims godhood and commands people to worship him: worship me and receive the world's wealth; refuse and go hungry. Against this, we recite Surah al-Kahf every Friday.Reciting in Arabic earns the reward (ten ḥasanāt per letter) and the barakah. But the Qur'an was sent as guidance — so understanding the surah adds a further layer of protection. That's what we're doing this term.The reason for revelation (Asbāb al-Nuzūl)The Quraysh, doubting the Prophet ﷺ, went to the learned People of the Book in Yathrib for questions only a true prophet could answer. They were given three:* Tell us about the sleepers of the cave* Tell us about a ruler who reigned from east to west* Tell us about the soul (the rūḥ)The Prophet ﷺ said, “Come tomorrow and I'll answer” — but Jibrīl did not come. Days passed; in some narrations, close to two weeks. The first two answers came in Surah al-Kahf; the third, about the rūḥ, in Surah al-Isrāʾ.The lesson in the delay: Allah revealed “And never say of anything, ‘I will do that tomorrow,' except [when adding], ‘if Allah wills.'” The future belongs to Allah — so when we speak of it, we say In shā' Allāh. And note: In shā' Allāh has become a polite “no” in much of the Muslim world. That's a misuse. If you intend to do something, say it and mean it. If you don't, learn to say no plainly.The structure: four stories, four testsThe surah's four main narratives map onto the four tests the Dajjāl will bring — each story teaching us how to survive its test.1. The Sleepers of the Cave (Aṣḥāb al-Kahf) — the test of FAITHYoung men, some said to be sons of ministers with comfortable lives, commanded to worship idols. The scholars gave up, the leaders gave up — but they chose to flee the city to protect their īmān. Allah preserved them in sleep for 309 years. The lesson: protecting our īmān comes before everything in this world.2. The Owner of Two Gardens (Ṣāḥib al-Jannatayn) — the test of WEALTHA rich man who assumed there was no ākhirah — this world is all there is. Two reminders: rizq comes from Allah, ar-Razzāq, not from any system or deceiver in this world — so never disobey Allah for worldly gain. And wealth is not a sign of Allah's love or of success in the ākhirah.3. Mūsā and al-Khiḍr — the test of KNOWLEDGEMūsā عليه السلام — the greatest prophet to that point, leading the largest ummah, first to receive a scripture — was asked who was most knowledgeable and answered that it was himself. Allah said: no. However knowledgeable you are, there is always someone who knows more — and ultimately, Allah is the Most Knowing. Fitting for our own age, drowning in information.4. Dhul-Qarnayn — the test of POWERNot his name, but a title. A ruler over a vast empire, east to west, who remained a humble servant of Allah and never turned tyrant. The test: what will you do when Allah gives you power? A pressing question when humanity has never been more powerful.This week's practiceRecite Surah al-Kahf this Friday. If you can't manage the whole surah, recite the first ten and the last ten ayat. If not that, at least the first ten — the ones we've been practising since Tajweed Tuesday, so they should be flowing beautifully by now.See you next Thursday, in shā' Allāh. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.grounded.day/subscribe

Pagar impuestos en México puede sentirse como una obligación que solo te quita dinero, pero detrás de cada peso hay siglos de historia y un contrato social que, al menos en teoría, debería garantizarte seguridad, salud, educación e infraestructura. Este documental recorre desde los tributos con plumas de quetzal y las ventanas de Santa Anna hasta el ISR, el IVA y el IEPS actuales, para entender cuánto se recauda hoy, en qué se está gastando realmente y qué pasa cuando la deuda, la informalidad, la corrupción y la evasión hacen que ese contrato entre ciudadanía y Estado se sienta roto.Sé parte de la primer temporada de Fírmame el Cheque. Si eres emprendedor y buscas inversión, entra a la liga que te dejaré a continuación, llena el formulario con la información de tu negocio y ya estarás compitiendo por un lugar en el programa: https://firmameelcheque.com/00:00 – Santa Anna, perros y ventanas: impuestos excéntricos que en realidad intentaban copiar el modelo fiscal francés.02:10 – Tenochtitlán y el tequio: tributos en trabajo y mercancías, con triple carga para muchas comunidades.04:37 – Nueva España: quinto real al oro y la plata y alcabala como un IVA viejo sobre casi cualquier transacción.06:14 – Impuestos a puertas, carruajes y perros fracasan por mala planeación y perdones masivos.08:27 – Hoy los impuestos son contrato social y se rigen por proporcionalidad, certidumbre, comodidad y economía.11:08 – Tres grandes impuestos federales: ISR al ingreso, IVA al consumo y IEPS a gasolina, alcohol, cigarros y refrescos.12:25 – En 2025 el gobierno federal recaudó unos 6.4 billones de pesos, de los cuales más de 5.3 billones vinieron de impuestos.16:31 – Presupuesto 2026: tres pilares de gasto en programas sociales, infraestructura física y empresas del Estado como Pemex y CFE.18:31 – La deuda absorbe 1.6 billones de pesos, casi 13% del gasto, más que lo destinado a salud o a escuelas.20:15 – Los impuestos como trato: ciudadanía aporta y el Estado debe devolver seguridad, salud, educación e infraestructura, aunque muchos sienten que la balanza hoy no está pareja.

Lieutenant-Colonel Chris Bray is the Commanding Officer of 427 Special Operations Aviation Squadron, the Royal Canadian Air Force unit supporting the Canadian Special Operations Forces Command (CANSOFCOM).In Part 2, we take a rare look behind the curtain of Canadian Special Operations Aviation, exploring how 427 Squadron evolved into the modern capability it is today. Chris explains the squadron's culture, what makes it unique among allied SOF aviation units, the philosophy of "no mission too small," the addition of the CE-145C Vigilance, and the standards that define one of Canada's most demanding aviation communities. We also discuss leadership, mission command, and how 427 built a reputation for professionalism, adaptability, and trust while supporting special operations around the world.CONTINUE THE FLIGHTEXPLORE THE LOGBOOKMore stories from RCAF and mission aviation pilotshttps://podpilotproject.transistor.fm/episodesCHAPTERS(00:00:00) Introduction and Welcome(00:02:41) How 427 Squadron Reinvented Itself(00:03:39) Building One Special Operations Aviation Culture(00:06:49) Why the Squadron Had to Change(00:09:44) Living Through the Transformation(00:13:10) Earning a Reputation in Special Operations Aviation(00:14:49) "No Mission Too Small"(00:18:46) Expanding the Mission with the CE-145C Vigilance(00:20:44) Learning to Think Beyond Helicopters(00:22:53) What Makes 427 Different?(00:26:21) Becoming an Organic CANSOFCOM Capability(00:28:44) The Professionals Behind Every Mission(00:30:04) Why Communications Can Make or Break a Mission(00:31:12) Building Trust with Canada's Special Operations Forces(00:33:44) Maintaining Elite Standards(00:37:52) Rewriting the Rules: The New TOCA(00:41:35) The Career Path of a Special Operations Aviator(00:44:57) Balancing Risk and Mission Success(00:46:22) Leading an Elite Squadron(00:47:34) The Hardest Decisions as Commanding Officer(00:49:57) Next Time: Inside SOTAC

"Soul Fury is back with part 3 of the House Sessions, ISR 9th July 01 The Way You Look At Her - Royal Intention 02 Serious (Extended Mix) - Ferreck Dawn 03 Poze (Original Mix) - SHW 04 How I Feel (Original Mix) - Tommyboy 05 Last Night (Original Mix) - Westray 06 Party Tonight (Original Mix) - Cheesecake Boys 07 The Creator (Extended Mix) - Low Steppa, Rue Jay, Reza 08 Yeka Tribe (Tom & Mikey Remix) - Timbee 09 You Know it (Original Mix) - N.W.N 10 Ahora (Original Mix) - Mike Newman 11 Pusherman (New York Mix) - Crazibiza, Shad Jaxon 12 I Got Bad Habits - Stirling, Dan Diamond 13 Control Yourself - Todd Terry & Blac Manu Kae 14 Lonely No More - DJ Dove 15 Basement Trash - Demi Riquismo, Luke Alessi"

"House Grooves Part. 1 - ISR 16th June, a blend of house and UK Garage 01 DiscoBall (Extended Mix) - AVÖ, Nasso 02 Hey Hey (Jack Back Extended Remix) - Dennis Ferrer 03 You Over Me (Extended Mix) - Angelo Ferreri & Danmic's 04 Beautiful Life (Richard Earnshaw Extended Mix) - Ralphi Rosario, Simbryt Dortch & Arken Nino 05 Dystopia (Original Mix) - Rodrigo Ferrari 06 We Are Free (Extended Mix) - Earth n Days 07 Those Nights (Luca Garaboni Rework) - Odd Cubedd 08 Dance (Original Mix) - Secret House Society 09 When I See You (Extended Mix) - Skyhell 10 Proto (Original Mix) - Alvaro Cabana 11 This Is My House (Extended Mix) - Eden Prince 12 Move (Extended Mix) - ManyFew 13 Move It Or Lose It - Papa Nugs 14 Little Bit (Extended Mix) - Kristin Velvet 15 The Dub 99 - Low Steppa 16 98 Riddim - Sam Deeley 17 Mitsubishi (Extended Mix) - Gorgon City 18 Masterblaster (Bradderz, 25KV & BK298 Remix) - DJ Luck & MC Neat & Bradderz 19 Still Sincere - MJ Cole, Pink Pantheress"

FGR logra prisión preventiva para hermano de Víctor Álvarez Puga Mantenimiento dejará sin agua a vecinos de XochimilcoIsrael ya tiene fecha para renovar su gobiernoMás información en nuestro podcast #grc

Entregan becas de 5 mil pesos a hijos de policías en el EdomexOcultan semillas de marihuana en muñecos de pelucheEuropa mantiene alerta por ola de calor Más información en nuestro Podcast#grc

Ace Ventura: When Nature Calls -  is this a better than the original or a lazy, cash-grab sequel that Jim Carrey tried to tank on purpose?  Isr the raccoon “cliffhanger” opener is actually better than Stallone's Cliffhanger?  Does Ace crosses the line from “weird guy” to straight-up unlikable and does the rhino birth scene belong in the all-time physical comedy hall of fame?   Is this truly just a “kid movie” carried by Carrey's energy, or does it deserve more credit than the critics ever gave it?  We answer all of this and more! •0:00:00 - Introductions •0:02:00 - Memories of first viewing •0:06:30  - Pertinent movie details  •0:11:00  -  Critical and fan reviews •0:18:00 - Scene by scene breakdown  •1:23:00 - Modern day ratings —————————————————————— SPONSORS-  **Cedar Ridge Distillery-  Go check out our sponsor and order some whiskey.  http://cedarridgewhiskey.com **K12-  See how K12 Powered Schools can help unlock your child's full potential.  Enroll online today at http://K12.com/confused  **. Download the DraftKings Casino app and sign up with code CONFUSED to claim your Flex Spins and experience Cashingo—the feature you can't play anywhere else! **TruDiagnostics- Our listeners can get 20% off at http://TruDiagnostic.com using code CONFUSED at checkout. **NordVPN-  Grab your EXCLUSIVE NordVPN Deal by going to http://nordvpn.com/breakfast to get a Huge Discount off your NordVPN Plan + 4 additional months on top! It's completely risk-free with Nord's 30-day money-back guarantee! **PROGRESSIVE- Visit http://progressive.com  **FABLETICS-  Get 80% off everything when you sign up as a VIP! Just head to http://Fabletics.com/confused  **LITTLE SLEEPIES-  If you're expecting or dressing little ones, check out Little Sleeps.  You can visit http://littlesleepies.com and use promo code GOODNIGHT for 10% off of your first order.  **WAYFAIR- Find furniture, decor, and essentials that fit your unique style and budget. http://Wayfair.com   —————————————————————— **Support us at http://patreon.com/confusedbreakfast for bonus weekly episodes, voting on upcoming movies, giving your modern-day ratings on our movies and much more. **Mail us something   The Confused Breakfast PO Box 10016 Cedar Rapids, IA 52402-9802 Special thanks to our executive producers- Josh Miller, Starling, Dylan Mick and NicMad. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Anticipa INEGI crecimiento económico PILARES Contadero recibe ayuda para damnificados de VenezuelaONU lista para respaldar alto el fuego en RDCMás información en nuestro podcast#grc

In this episode we speak with Andrew Clare, CEO of Elroy Air, which builds the Chaparral, an autonomous hybrid-electric VTOL that hauls cargo in detachable pods for middle-mile commercial and defense logistics. Elroy is a 10-year-old company built on three then-unpopular bets: cargo over passengers, hybrid-electric over pure battery, and autonomous over piloted. Andrew, formerly CTO of Nuro, joined to turn that foundation into a scaled business, and the company has since demonstrated its transition flight, signed a US manufacturing deal with Kratos and a $200 million JV with Barq in the UAE, won a slot in the White House eVTOL Integration Pilot Program, and announced plans to go public near a billion-dollar valuation.Most of the conversation was about what it takes to get from a working aircraft to a deployed logistics system, and why Andrew believes autonomous cargo scales well before passenger aviation. He argues one pod-based platform can serve a FedEx milk run, an Army resupply, and an ISR mission, that hybrid-electric is the only way to get useful payload and range without field charging infrastructure, and that defense demand is surging because contested logistics has become a requirement. We pushed on why a clean-sheet VTOL beats autonomy bolted onto a proven Caravan, how the automotive data-flywheel intuition transfers to a domain with far fewer cycles, and where the moat sits once hybrid-electric and autonomy are no longer contrarian. Andrew was most candid about the road ahead, from scaling production to hardening the aircraft for contested, GPS-denied operations alongside the Army.

This week on Two Parents & A Podcast, happy Monday!!! We get into a topic I've been thinking about a LOT lately: the postpartum anxiety I'm experiencing the second time around (it's a totally different beast than postpartum depression, AND the anxiety this time is split between two kids…). I share what's actually helping me (s/o to Michelle for the "text me every intrusive thought you have" technique

Send us Fan MailRyan is back on Ones Ready with Aaron and Peaches to talk drones, TACP, small unmanned aerial systems, one-way attack, and where small team warfare is headed.Ryan is a TACP officer, Guardsman, and founder of Aerial Employment Group, a company focused on SUAS training, red air support, counter-SUAS training, program development, and helping military and law enforcement teams figure out what drone systems actually work.In this episode, the crew talks about how small unmanned aerial systems are changing the fight, where drones actually make sense for small teams, how TACP units are using SUAS to support JTAC skills, why one-way attack is becoming a major focus, and why the military's drone approval and certification process has to move faster.They also get into the reported Zulu course ruck issue, heavy ruck standards, heat casualties, training risk, ownership, and what happens when events drift away from their original purpose. Ryan gives perspective from the TACP side, including how heavy rucks showed up in the TACP pipeline and why evaluated events need to be tied to real standards.Ryan's company:aerialemploymentgroup.comCheck out Tasty Gains:TastyGains.comGear from ATACLETE:OnesReady.comTrain with us:OperatorTrainingSummit.comChapters:00:00 - Ones Ready Intro01:00 - Tasty Gains, ATACLETE, and Operator Training Summit Updates03:24 - Disclaimer for Ryan's Personal Views04:06 - Welcome Ryan Back to Ones Ready05:24 - Ryan's Background and Move to the Guard06:14 - Aerial Employment Group and SUAS Services07:32 - Government Contracting and Expensive Gear08:15 - Low-Cost Drone Tech and Commercial Off-the-Shelf Equipment09:17 - Drone Warfare and Small Team Use Cases09:52 - Drones Are a Tool, Not the Answer to Everything10:37 - ISR, Team Support, and Who Should Fly Drones12:00 - Quadcopters vs. Larger Group Two and Group Three Drones13:01 - Transition to the Zulu Course Ruck Discussion15:13 - What Happened With the Zulu Course Ruck?16:10 - TACP Instructors and the Zulu Block Two Link17:00 - Reported 10-Mile Ruck Standard and Load18:49 - First Summer Class and Heat Casualty Reports19:23 - Medical Coverage and Student Paramedics20:46 - Heat Conditions, Uniforms, and Safety Decisions23:03 - What Dry Weight Means in Rucking23:39 - Ryan's TACP Schoolhouse Ruck Experience25:41 - Evaluations, Standards, and Protecting the Process27:22 - Training Drift and Leadership Decisions28:00 - What Do You Tell Students After an Incident?29:17 - Owning Bad Decisions as a Leader29:55 - When to Call Off a Training Event31:10 - Ranger School Rope Story and Extreme Ownership33:11 - Parents, Students, and Today's Connected Pipeline35:29 - Why TACP Did Heavy Rucks37:00 - Does This Standard Apply to Every AFSPECWAR Career Field?38:16 - Parent Involvement and Pipeline Communication41:26 - Time, Emotions, and Letting the Schoolhouse Respond43:47 - Accountability Without Cancel Culture46:27 - Medical Planning and After-Action Reviews49:17 - Back to SUAS and TACP Drone Use51:15 - TACP as ACC's One-Way Attack Lead52:00 - How TACP Units Are Using SUAS Now53:20 - ACC, AFSOC, and SUAS Program Ownership54:42 - SUAS Programmatics and Airframe Certification56:00 - Blue UAS, NDAA Systems, and FPV Drone Risk58:16 - Building and Flying Non-Standard Drone Systems59:08 - Frequencies, Jamming, and Ukraine Drone Lessons01:00:00 - Stop Being Platform Specific01:01:20 - Certification, Currency, and Drone Training Problems01:02:22 - Final Thoughts and Wrap-UpSupport the showJoin this channel to get access to perks: HEREBuzzsprout Subscription page:  HERERegister for our Operator Training Summit:  OperatorTrainingSummit.comFind an Air Force Recruiter: AirForce.comCollabs:Ones Ready - OnesReady.com 18A Fitness - Promo Code:  ONESREADY ATACLete - Follow the URL (no promo code):  ATACLeteDanger Close Apparel - Promo Code:  ONESREADYDFND Apparel...

Interview with Rupert Verco, CEO, Cobra ResourcesOur previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/cobra-resources-lsecobr-discovers-high-grade-copper-gold-over-74m-9534Recording date: 24th June 2026Cobra Resources is advancing what it describes as Australia's only rare earth project suited to in situ recovery (ISR), a mining method that offers lower capital costs, reduced environmental impact, and faster development timelines compared to conventional techniques. Located in South Australia, the project has recently confirmed mineralisation across two prospects through sonic core drilling, supporting progress toward a maiden mineral resource estimate.A defining feature of the project is its high-value rare earth composition. Approximately 43% of the mixed rare earth carbonate (MREC) basket consists of heavy rare earths, including nearly 5% dysprosium and terbium—elements critical for electric vehicles and wind turbines and typically more valuable than light rare earths. This positions Cobra competitively among global ionic clay projects.Technical results further support ISR viability. Permeability testing has demonstrated strong hydraulic connectivity, with transmissivity rates of around 8 metres per day and 80% tracer recovery within two days. These metrics suggest efficient leach cycles of 30–60 days and support well-field spacing that enhances operational efficiency. Importantly, high tracer recovery also indicates effective containment, a key requirement for regulatory approval.The project may also benefit from natural sulfide oxidation within the orebody, which can generate sulfuric acid in situ. This could offset a significant portion of reagent costs, typically around 30% of operating expenses in ISR projects, improving overall economics.Cobra plans a low-cost pilot study using existing infrastructure and ANSTO's facilities to validate the ISR process, followed by a scoping study. With supportive regulatory conditions in South Australia and proven ISR analogues in similar geological settings, the project presents a differentiated, capital-efficient pathway to rare earth production amid rising global demand for critical minerals.Learn more: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/cobra-resourcesSign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

Schwere Erdbeben in Venezuela / Letzte australische IS-Rückkehrerin darf heimkehren / Trump kritisiert NATO-Partner / Ukraine greift russische Energieanlagen an / Merz setzt auf NATO-Kurs / Wohnungne in Brisbane bald teurer als in Sydney / Steggall und Spender gründen neue Partei / ASIO prüft Terrorwarnsystem / Kangaroo Island frei von Wildschweinen erklärt

This week on Two Parents & A Podcast, happy Monday!!!! We are coming off of a CHAOTIC night… our fire alarm went off 4 TIMES between 3 and 5 AM, and we ended up having to take a screwdriver to the wall to dismantle the entire system to make it stop

Interview with Janet Lee Sheriff, Director & CEO of Verdera EnergyOur previous interview: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/posts/verdera-energy-tsxvv-premium-uranium-portfolio-with-20m-to-spend-9385Recording date: 22nd May 2026Verdera Energy is emerging as a uranium development company focused on unlocking the potential of New Mexico, a jurisdiction that management believes could play an increasingly important role in future US uranium supply. At a time when energy security, nuclear power expansion, and artificial intelligence-driven electricity demand are becoming major investment themes, the company is positioning itself to benefit from a growing emphasis on domestic uranium production.The foundation of the investment case is the company's substantial resource base at approximately 88 million pounds of historic and known uranium resources across multiple projects in New Mexico. The flagship West Largo project is currently undergoing modernization through an updated NI 43-101 technical report, while additional work is being completed to evaluate resource expansion opportunities and future development pathways.A key differentiator for the company is its focus on in-situ recovery (ISR) uranium projects. ISR has become one of the preferred uranium extraction methods due to its potential for lower capital requirements and reduced environmental disturbance compared to conventional mining techniques. Management believes West Largo represents one of the most attractive ISR opportunities in the United States and could become a significant asset as domestic uranium demand grows.Beyond its resource base, Verdera possesses a potentially valuable strategic asset in the form of historical geological information. According to management, the company controls more than 90% of the proprietary uranium exploration data available in New Mexico. This extensive database, accumulated from previous operators including Kerr-McGee and URI, may help reduce exploration risk, improve targeting efficiency, and accelerate project advancement.The broader opportunity extends beyond individual projects. Management believes New Mexico remains an underappreciated uranium jurisdiction despite hosting substantial uranium resources and important nuclear-related infrastructure. As the United States seeks to reduce dependence on imported uranium and strengthen domestic supply chains, jurisdictions capable of supporting large-scale uranium production may receive increasing attention from investors, industry participants, and policymakers.Another important aspect of Verdera's strategy is its emphasis on community engagement and social licence. The company recognizes that historical uranium mining activities created concerns among local communities and Indigenous groups. CEO Janet Lee Sheriff brings approximately three decades of experience working with Indigenous communities in Canada's Yukon and is applying a similar relationship-based approach in New Mexico. Through educational initiatives, stakeholder engagement, and industry conferences, management is seeking to build trust and support for future development activities.Looking ahead, investors should monitor several potential catalysts. These include updated resource estimates, technical studies, permitting milestones, drilling programs, infrastructure planning, and potential strategic partnerships. The company is also evaluating opportunities involving central processing facilities and possible joint ventures that could support future project development.As nuclear energy continues to gain support as a reliable, low-carbon power source and as electricity demand rises from emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, domestic uranium production is becoming increasingly important. With a large resource base, significant proprietary data holdings, experienced leadership, and exposure to a strategic uranium jurisdiction, Verdera Energy offers investors a way to participate in the evolving US  uranium development story.View Verdera Energy's company profile: https://www.cruxinvestor.com/companies/verdera-energySign up for Crux Investor: https://cruxinvestor.com

17 primates rehabilitados regresaron a su hábitat natural en Chiapas  Reportan un aumento de casos de ébola en RD del Congo  ¿Sabe cuál es el origen del papel? Aquí le decimos  Más información en nuestro podcast#grc

En esta edición de El Brieff del lunes 1 de junio, Sheinbaum defiende la estabilidad económica en su segundo aniversario mientras Banxico recorta crecimiento. El AICM concluye su primera fase de remodelación con 6,500 mdp antes del Mundial 2026. México recibe 47.7 millones de turistas, pero el gasto cayó 3.4% en marzo. Los ingresos tributarios bajan 4.8% en abril y el ISR se desploma 12.9%. Banorte pierde 52,409 mdp en valor de mercado tras rebaja de Moody's. Trump exige 50% de valor de autos en EE.UU. y 82% regional. Cárteles lavan hasta 312 mil mdd con redes chinas.STRTGY ayuda a desarrolladores e inversionistas inmobiliarios a decidir qué construir, dónde invertir y qué proyecto desarrollar en su terreno. Nuestra plataforma combina análisis geoespacial, señales de mercado e insights estratégicos para identificar oportunidades, reducir riesgos y tomar mejores decisiones con mayor certeza. Para conocer más, escríbenos a arturo@strtgy.ai.Recibe gratis nuestro newsletter con las noticias más importantes del día.Si te interesa una mención en El Brieff, escríbenos a arturo@strtgy.ai Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Send us Fan MailPeaches, Trent, Aaron, and former F-16 Wild Weasel pilot Grant Bishop—better known as Grant “Slider” Bishop—sit down for one of the most important modern warfare conversations we've had yet.This episode dives deep into the future of drones, AI, ISR, runway intelligence, battlefield data fusion, and why the next war won't be won by a single platform—it'll be won by whoever processes information the fastest. Slider breaks down his background flying the General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon in the Wild Weasel mission, how drone warfare has completely changed modern combat, and why the military acquisition process is struggling to keep up with the speed of real-world innovation coming out of Ukraine and beyond.Then the boys go off on FPV drones, ISR overload, AI-assisted targeting, special operations integration, airport infrastructure intelligence, future battlefield sensors, and why the next generation of operators needs to think differently about warfare.Bottom line: the future fight belongs to the side that can see, process, and act faster than everyone else.⏱️ Timestamps:00:00 Tasty Gains & Why We Do Ad Reads First 03:00 ATACLETE Gear Actually Holds Up 05:00 Meet Grant “Slider” Bishop 07:00 From Australia to the F-16 Community 09:00 Flying the Wild Weasel Mission 12:00 How SEAD Actually Works 15:00 “Kids Throwing Rocks at Each Other” 18:00 Why Data Matters More Than Platforms 21:00 Silent Falcon & AI Runway Intelligence 24:00 Every Person Is a Sensor Now 27:00 Ukraine Changed Warfare Forever 30:00 FPV Drone Terror Is Real 33:00 Why Gamers Are Becoming Valuable Operators 36:00 The Air Force Is Struggling to Adapt 39:00 The Problem with Military Acquisition 42:00 Why Small Companies Innovate Faster 45:00 Drone Swarms, AI & Future Combat 48:00 The A-10, DUDE44 & Why Platforms Still Matter 51:00 Why Joint Integration Is Still Broken 54:00 Sensor Fusion & Battlefield Awareness 57:00 Drone-in-a-Box Concepts 01:00:00 Virtual Drone Pilots Anywhere in the World 01:03:00 The Future of Warfare Is Already Here 01:05:00 Final Thoughts

Dr. Jacquelyn Schneider joins us to discuss her article, "Cyber Operations and Nuclear Stability: Networked Instability." Moving beyond Hollywood analogies and pop-culture fears, Schneider argues that common understandings of how cyber operations impact nuclear stability are often misguided. Throughout the conversation, she unpacks three specific pathways to escalation—deliberate, inadvertent, and accidental—and applies percolation theory to explain how the structure of nuclear networks dictates their vulnerability. Schneider explores the critical trade-offs between centralization, efficiency, and resilience, warning that as intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance (ISR) networks become more entangled with artificial intelligence, the risks of data manipulation increase. Hosts: Sheena Chestnut Greitens and Ryan Vest Producer: Jordan Morning

The Joint Readiness Training Center is pleased to present the one-hundredth-and-fifty-eighth episode to air on ‘The Crucible - The JRTC Experience.' Hosted by MAJ Will Montoya, the Multi-Domain Effects Cell Chief for 1-509th IN (OPFOR), known as Geronimo, on behalf of the Commander of Operations Group. Today's guests are subject matter experts on drone warfare within Geronimo: SGT Colin Rock, SGT Darius Shumpert, and SPC Collin Palm. SGT Rock is a Team Leader and drone operator for Able Company, 1-509th IN (OPFOR). SGT Shumpert and SPC Palm are first person viewer small unmanned aircraft systems operators for MDEC, 1-509th IN (OPFOR).   This episode dives into the evolving employment of small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS) from the perspective of Geronimo's Multi-Domain Effects Cell (MDEC), focusing heavily on practical TTPs, rapid battlefield adaptation, and lessons learned from observing modern conflicts like Ukraine. The discussion explores the full spectrum of drone employment—from ISR and route reconnaissance to one-way attack FPVs, heavy-lift “mothership” drones, and autonomous strike systems. A major theme throughout the episode is the incredible pace of innovation in drone warfare, where countermeasures and counter-countermeasures evolve in cycles measured in weeks rather than years. Leaders discuss how cheap, expendable systems are reshaping battlefield economics by destroying million-dollar platforms, compressing the kill chain, and creating persistent threats that traditional formations are not yet fully prepared to handle. The episode also reinforces that drones are not replacing soldiers, but instead dramatically increasing the lethality, reach, and survivability of small units when properly integrated.    The conversation also focuses heavily on the Army's current training and organizational gaps regarding sUAS employment. Topics include FPV pilot skill development, simulator training, procurement challenges, autonomous targeting systems, airspace integration, electromagnetic warfare threats, and the need for dedicated drone specialists at echelon. Geronimo operators stress that not every Soldier can effectively fly advanced FPV systems, arguing that drone operations should become a formalized specialty or additional skill identifier similar to sniper or joint fires qualifications. Additional insights include the importance of “mothership” resupply concepts, loitering munitions, fiber-optic drones resistant to jamming, and the requirement for units to develop realistic reactions to drone threats instead of treating them as novelty systems. Ultimately, the episode frames drone warfare as one of the most significant battlefield evolutions in generations, requiring the Army to rethink training, procurement, survivability, and tactical employment before facing these threats in real combat.    Part of S11 “Conversations with the Enemy” series.   For additional information and insights from this episode, please check-out our Instagram page @the_jrtc_crucible_podcast.   Be sure to follow us on social media to keep up with the latest warfighting TTPs learned through the crucible that is the Joint Readiness Training Center.   Follow us by going to: https://linktr.ee/jrtc and then selecting your preferred podcast format.   Again, we'd like to thank our guests for participating. Don't forget to like, subscribe, and review us wherever you listen or watch your podcasts — and be sure to stay tuned for more in the near future.   “The Crucible – The JRTC Experience” is a product of the Joint Readiness Training Center.

Send us Fan MailPeaches and Trent are back in the team room—and this one turns into a brutally honest breakdown of why morale across the military keeps getting crushed by admin creep, broken systems, and leadership's obsession with data collection over mission execution.The boys react to a viral “Death by a Thousand Clicks” memo allegedly written by a frustrated commander explaining how endless CBTs, duplicate databases, broken computer systems, mandatory trackers, and pointless compliance programs are drowning Airmen in work that has nothing to do with the mission. Then it spirals into stories about maintenance life, ISR becoming mandatory for missions in Afghanistan, bloated software contracts, Pentagon inefficiency, executive coaching programs, and why the people actually doing the work are constantly paying the price for enterprise-level bureaucracy.Peaches and Trent also go off on the newest controversy surrounding John Chapman, Pete Blaber, and the documentary drama now circulating through the SOF community.Bottom line: Airmen aren't exhausted from hard work—they're exhausted from pointless work.⏱️ Timestamps:00:00 Tasty Gains & Prep Programs 03:00 Watches, Group Chats & CCT Drama 05:00 The New Chapman Documentary Controversy 07:00 Pete Blaber vs The Chapman Narrative 10:00 “Everybody Lied Except Me?” 13:00 The SOF Community Reacts 15:00 What Is “Death by a Thousand Clicks”? 17:00 Why Airmen Actually Burn Out 19:00 Maintenance Carries the Air Force 22:00 CBTs, Broken Systems & Admin Hell 25:00 Why Military Software Is Garbage 28:00 Duplicate Data Entry & Wasted Time 31:00 “Data-Driven Decisions” Are Crushing People 34:00 The Illusion of Productivity 37:00 ISR Requirements in Afghanistan 40:00 Pred Porn & Over-Controlled Missions 43:00 Maintenance Down Days Don't Fix Anything 46:00 The Flood of Additional Duties 49:00 The Officer Problem Nobody Wants to Say Out Loud 52:00 Why Good Leaders Hate Bureaucracy Too 55:00 The System Keeps Rebuilding Itself 58:00 Basic Training Advice Coming Soon 01:00:00 Final Thoughts

Among the most intriguing cases emerging from the Pentagon's newly launched PURSUE transparency initiative is a 2023 incident involving infrared footage captured by a U.S. military platform operating near the surface of the Mediterranean Sea. The case, which reportedly involved an object making abrupt "90-degree turns" at roughly 80 miles per hour, has sparked renewed debate about what military sensor systems are actually detecting—and how much the public is truly being shown. This week on The Micah Hanks Program, we break down newly released mission reports, apparent discrepancies between separate witness accounts, and the sophisticated sensor systems involved in the observation, including references to mesh-networked battlefield surveillance technologies and full-motion video tracking systems commonly used in modern ISR operations. Then we shift our attention over to NASA's inclusion of historic Apollo and Skylab "UAP" materials in the recent release, including astronaut reports of mysterious flashes and anomalous lights in orbit—many of which have a likely explanation, and potentially offering a clearer picture of how the U.S. government is now approaching the long-running mystery of unidentified anomalous phenomena. Want to advertise/sponsor The Micah Hanks Program? We have partnered with the AdvertiseCast to handle our advertising/sponsorship requests. If you would like to advertise with The Micah Hanks Program, all you have to do is click the link below to get started: AdvertiseCast: Advertise with The Micah Hanks Program Show Notes Below are links to stories and other content featured in this episode: NEWS: Rep. Anna Paulina Luna endorses AARO Director Jon Kosloski  PENTAGON UFOs: Presidential Unsealing and Reporting System for UAP Encounters THE "GREEK FLYER": Full Mission Report Document HERE Second Mission Report on Mediterranian Sighting, October 2023  NASA's UAP: References to "Sky Flashes" in this report involving a Skylab Technical Crew Debriefing  SKYLAB SIGHTINGS: Some additional information on the "red satellite" observed by the Skylab III crew ODDS AND ENDS: "Thoughts on the Space Alien Race Question"  The Samford Memo (July 28, 1952)  AUDIO: Maj. Gen. John A. Samford's Statement on "Flying Saucers", Washington, DC, 07/31/1952 BECOME AN X SUBSCRIBER AND GET EVEN MORE GREAT PODCASTS AND MONTHLY SPECIALS FROM MICAH HANKS. Sign up today and get access to the entire back catalog of The Micah Hanks Program, as well as "classic" episodes, weekly "additional editions" of the subscriber-only X Podcast, the monthly Enigmas specials, and much more. Like us on Facebook Follow @MicahHanks on X. Keep up with Micah and his work at micahhanks.com.

The future of war has been evolving before our eyes in Ukraine, yet the west still plans to fight the last war. In this special episode, guest host Noah Smith (@noahpinion) and Brandon Anderson sit down with Yaroslav Azhnyuk (@YaroslavAzhnyuk), a serial tech founder who went from building PetCube to founding The Fourth Law, one of the world's most advanced AI-guided drone companies. Over two hours we cover the technology, tactics, and geopolitics of drone warfare, and why the modern battlefield has already left the West behind:* Yaroslav's personal history and the Ukraine war [00:01:04 – 00:14:01]* The modern drone tech stack: why FPV drones are the new god of war, the future of the rifleman, fiber optic vs. AI, five levels of autonomy, and the eight dimensions of the autonomous battlefield [00:14:01 – 01:05:13]* The geopolitics and economics of drones: China's manufacturing advantage, the drone race, Western defense readiness, countermeasures, and why the gap is widening [01:05:13 – 01:58:57]For those looking for Noah Smith's commentary, it really gets going around the 00:51:31 mark.Yaroslav Azhnyuk / The Fourth Law:* X: https://x.com/YaroslavAzhnyuk* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/yaroslavazhnyuk/* The Fourth Law: https://thefourthlaw.aiNoah Smith:* Substack: Noah Smith * X: https://x.com/noahpinionTimestamps00:00:00 Cold Open: China's 4 Billion Drones and the Cameras-to-Explosives Pipeline00:01:04 Introduction: Brandon, Noah Smith, and Yaroslav Azhnyuk00:05:41 From Tech Entrepreneur to Defense: PetCube, Brave One, and the D3 Fund00:10:42 The Ethics of Building Weapons: Dual-Use Technology and the Wolf at the Door00:14:01 The Tech Stack: Cameras, Autonomy Modules, Interceptors, and a Semiconductor Fab00:18:47 Fiber Optic vs. AI: The Radio Horizon Problem and $32/km Cable00:25:32 FPV Drones: The New God of War — 70–80% of Frontline Casualties00:28:28 The Five Levels of Drone Autonomy: From Terminal Guidance to Full Autonomy00:41:37 The Eight Dimensions of the Autonomous Battlefield00:45:32 AI Safety and the Morality of Autonomous Weapons00:51:31 The End of the Rifleman? Noah's 2013 Prediction vs. Battlefield Reality01:05:13 China's Manufacturing Advantage and Western Vulnerabilities01:24:21 Policy Advice for Western Defense: Defense Valley and the Widening Gap01:32:54 The Drone Race: Who's Ahead, Category by Category01:41:57 Countermeasures: Shotguns, Jammers, Lasers, and Fishnets01:58:19 The Wedding and Final Takeaway: Be Prepared for WarTranscriptCold Open: China, FPV Drones, and the New Warning SignYaroslav [00:00:00]: Think about this. Last year, Ukraine produced 4 million FPV drones. Ukraine is not the most industrious nation in the world. China can produce 4 billion of these FPV drones.Noah [00:00:10]: Would you say that right now China is now the supreme conventional military power on Earth, given its ability to manufacture and deploy drones in the quantity and quality that you just described?Yaroslav [00:00:20]: I don't think we have all the information to claim that but we cannot count it out, and that alone should be a big warning sign. As I say, at some point in my life I went from making cameras that fling treats to pets to cameras that fling explosives to the occupiers. So that's the short story. And when you think about what your nation, what your patriots are going through, you realize that's the only morally right thing to do is to fight back, and it is immoral not to fight back, and then the choice becomes very clear.Introduction: Yaroslav Azhnyuk, Petcube, and the Last Flight into KyivBrandon [00:01:04]: Welcome to Latent Space. I'm Brandon. I normally do science podcasts, but today we're going to do something a little bit different. I'm joined by Noah Smith of Noahpinion on Substack and Twitter. And he has lots of interesting things to say about drones. And as a guest, we have Yaroslav Azhnyuk, founder of The Fourth Law and several other, drone-related startups. To get started, it is February 23rd, 2022. You are running a pet startup. You're connecting pets with their owners. Let's go in just a little bit of background. How did you get started in tech, and what were you working on before the Ukrainian war started?Yaroslav [00:01:50]: Good to be here. Thank you. On February 23rd, late in the evening, 11:00 PM Kyiv time, my wife and I landed in Kyiv. Actually, then she was a fiance. We came from Lviv, where we were looking at a church, where our wedding should have taken place. And we got into this cab ride from the airport to our home, and the driver was like, “You crazy. Like, everyone's leaving Kyiv. Why do you come?” We're like, “What? Nothing's going to happen. Dude, chill.” And then obviously, eight minutes later, or eight hours later, the bombs fell in the city. It was quite surreal. We probably landed on the last flight that landed in Kyiv, or one of those last flights. My background, I'm a tech guy. Studied applied mathematics in Kyiv Polytechnics, born and raised in Kyiv. My parents are old PhDs from academia, and grandparents too. Like, everything, from linguistics to nuclear physics. And I'm an entrepreneur, so I've built a bunch of companies. Petcube is the one you were referencing. So I lived in San Francisco 2014 to 2020, building Petcube, which is one of the leading, pet device companies in the world, selling lots of pet cameras. And then, yeah, as I say, at some point in my life I went from making cameras that fling treats to pets to cameras that fling explosives to the occupiers. So that's the short story.February 24th: Leaving Kyiv as the Invasion BeginsNoah [00:03:28]: February 24th, I guess a few hours after you, go to check out your wedding chapel, what do you do?Yaroslav [00:03:37]: We had a plan for this situation. So my parents and family live in Kyiv, and we're like, “Okay, this has actually started. The worst has, come true.” And so we basically packed our belongings and got in the car and spent 17 hours driving west. And that was pretty sure most people in our audience watched at least one apocalyptic movie in their life, so that was exactly like that. Like, felt exactly like that. Missiles are falling. Like, there was smoke in Kyiv. Like, my dad and I went, like, to central part of the cities. It's probably, likeYaroslav [00:04:20]: 800 meters from presidential office, to pick some stuff up at his workplace. Because he's, like, the head of an academic institution, so he had to get some of the things with him. And super surreal. Like, the streets are empty. Like, the gas stations are out of gas. Like, we found some gas station. We didn't have, like, spare canisters with us, so we're like, We figured out, like, the car was diesel, so like, we figured out, if it's diesel, you can actually store it in plastic, canisters, and we bought some window wash for the cars. We poured it out of the canisters, and we poured the diesel into that. Yeah, so it was like that. And then, like, helping friends get out, like my friend and his dog. Like, we found Like, my brother was also, like, riding in a separate car. We found a place for my friend who didn't have a car. It was like, yeah, it was like, totally surreal. And we didn't know of course, and you didn't know this will last for so long. You didn't know whether Ukraine will be able to defend Kyiv. And it was like, yeah, very little information and very little insight into future.From Pet Cameras to Defense Tech: Building for Ukraine and the Free WorldNoah [00:05:42]: What are your thoughts with regards to how do you, defend, Ukraine? So you eventually start building drones Like, what is the process to get from there from where you were building, devices that connect owners with pets to building drones, and what other things did you do to help the war effort in the process?Yaroslav [00:06:07]: It's definitely non-trivial, right? Like, I didn't go, to I didn't get any, like, military education when I was a student. Like, normally, in Ukraine, you would, you would go to like, this military school even if you're getting higher education in any other, sphere. I decided to skip that which is like, an unusual way to go. And I never thought that I will be somehow engaged in a war effort. Like, what is war? Of course, wars are over. It's the end of history. So one thing you got to understand about, like, many Ukrainians and like, I guess, it's also true about most of the people I met here in the US, that your who you are in terms of your nationality is a big part of your identity. So when that gets under attack, it's something deeper than just the country you live in gets under attack, right? And I Day one, I figured I'm going to I'm going to fight back with everything I can, right? But I didn't think on day one that I'm actually going to do, weapons. And a bunch of things. We were reaching out to a number of American, congresspeople and senators, and basically advocating for support of Ukraine, for voting for lend lease, which has happened in May 2022, but didn't actually work as expected. We helped start, Brave One, which is now a very important defense innovation cluster, sort of like a DIU here in the US. We helped start, a fund called D3. It's like, it was started or co-started by Eric Schmidt, former CEO of Google. So a bunch of these odd things, but then eventually I was like, “Okay,”by 2023 it was obvious this thing, A is going to last a lot more time, and B, that the whole world is shifting and that there's going to be a new arms race, that the warfare is redefined by drones as platforms. And for the first time in history, you have a platform that is software defined, that can increase your battlefield capabilities, in a in a step change just overnight. So it's like if you were able to push a software update and get all of your Roman legionnaires a new helmet? That has never been possible before. It's the first time in the history of war this is possible. So all of that and many other things like, supply chain fragilization, and the impact that AI is going to have on all of this all these things have become evident to me in 2023, and it's like, “Okay, I should do what I do best, or what I know how to do best, start a tech company, and sort of leverage the global techno capitalist machine, to provide, defensibility to Ukraine and the free world.” So that's literally the mission of the company, increase defensibility of Ukraine and the free world. And then there was some sort of soul-searching and like, asking yourself. It's like, “Okay, am I Actually, I know nothing about weapons. Am I actually, like, ready to make, things that other people use to kill other bad people?”Yaroslav [00:09:36]: When you think about what your nation, what your Compatriots are going through And think about all the terror of places like Bucha, the occupied cities in the east and south, the abducted children, the raped women, all the economic damage that's being done, and the intention to destroy a whole nation, to genocide the people of Ukraine, you realize that's the only morally right thing to do is to fight back, and it is immoral not to fight back. And then the choice becomes very clear. And look, we're just passing the ammunition. We're not doing the actual job. The actual fighters and defenders and heroes are people in the armed forces. We're just support.The Moral Question: Weapons, Responsibility, and Fighting BackNoah [00:10:33]: I have so many questions. Actually, I know you seem to have a question. Do you want to ask anything?Yaroslav [00:10:38]: No, I'm just listening. Go ahead.Noah [00:10:40]: I do want to talk about, some of let's say, the moral issues, like you just said. You endYaroslav [00:10:50]: I think there are no issues there.Yaroslav [00:10:52]: What would an example of a moral question be in this case?Noah [00:10:55]: No, I mean Okay. As you just said, you are creating the tools, but others are using them.Noah [00:11:05]: I was maybe thinking of having this conversation later, but one of the questions is like, is it actually you are going to be building them for your homeland, which you are building it for your homeland, which is I think, very a strong morally defensible position, but this technology is not going to stay with you, right?Noah [00:11:26]: This you will probably be selling these to other people Yeah. So the future is really where the moral issues may come into playYaroslav [00:11:38]: The this question becomes, easier and more complete if we ask this not about a particular technology or particular weapon, if we think that this question actually applies to any kind of technology Right? So -Knife or fire. You can use knife to do surgery and save people's lives, or you can use it as a weapon to take people's lives.Noah [00:12:06]: Cut tomatoes, too.Yaroslav [00:12:08]: Cut tomatoes too.Noah [00:12:09]: Yes, knife.Yaroslav [00:12:09]: That's helpful.Noah [00:12:10]: In Japan, sword and knife, they, call the same word.Yaroslav [00:12:14]: It's like, it's with any technology. Large language models, right? Look at how powerful they are and yet they're available to anyone in North Korea or in Russia.Yaroslav [00:12:29]: That's one side of the argument. The other side is As a maker, what is your responsibility for how the tools you're creating, will be used? There's definitely some responsibility, right? Then How should the decision process look like? Should you, like, try to calculate all the possible scenarios before starting to work on something? Or do you create something that is needed now to save people's lives, and then think about, addressing the unwanted edge cases later? In ideal world where there's like, or okay, it's not ideal world. In a mythical world where there is some one governing party and it gets to decide everything, and there is no other country, that can, decide on their own, you could say, “Well, we need to calculate for all the consequences, and only then, maybe build this building, by replacing this park because, maybe we need this park in the city,”right? So that kind of situation. But when you're in a situation where you're in a forest, in front of a wolf, you first going to deal with the wolf that wants to eat you, and then you're going to go consult Greenpeace. So that's kind of situation that Ukraine is in.The Fourth Law, Odd Systems, and Ukraine's Drone StackNoah [00:13:59]: Enough. Because this is a tech podcast, I did want to spend some time talking about, sort of the tech in that you've developed and what you've been working on. So can you explain, I guess, first of all, like, the problem that you were trying to solve from a technical standpoint? And I think, and then maybe, like, go into some of the solutions and some of the design process that led you from designing, little laser-guided, guiding lasers with a with an iPhone versus Having drones.Yaroslav [00:14:34]: Like, it so happened, that my partners and I, we sort of So I started one company called The Fourth Law, and its goal was and is to Make, massively scalable on-drone autonomy. And then In parallel with that together with my, Petcube co-founders, partners, and friends, we started another company called Odd Systems Which, was focused on making thermal cameras. Cameras, thermal cameras are seeing thermal radiation and are used to see at night. And we're now sort of those companies are getting closer and closer together and we're probably going to merge them. And this group of companies is currently the leading, team in on-drone AI and thermal imaging on the Ukrainian battlefield, and Likely one of the leading, if not the leading in the world. So We have these, like, three sort of business units, which are cameras, drone autonomy, and drones. So the cameras and drone autonomy sell daytime and nighttime cameras and different types of drone autonomous modules to other drone manufacturers, over 200 drone manufacturers in Ukraine. And then the UAV, business unit sells the drones themselves to the armed forces of Ukraine, Ukrainian government. And there are different types of drones. Those are sort of front strike, as we call them, so those are sort of FPV strike drones and the bombers, and then interceptors. And there are different kinds of interceptors. We do Shahed interceptors and we do ISR interceptors. We don't do the deep strike-FPV Drones, Interceptors, and Battery-Powered WarfareNoah [00:16:32]: What's an ISR interceptor?Yaroslav [00:16:33]: ISR is stands for intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance, and those are basically drones which are which, Russians are using to watch over positions and then communicate where, the targets are coming.Noah [00:16:48]: It's a reconnaissance.Yaroslav [00:16:48]: That's, the ISR is sort of a classical term for a for a reconnaissance drone.Noah [00:16:53]: Are all of these battery-powered drones that you just described? ‘Cause I know that the sort of deep strike drones still have, like Some sort ofYaroslav [00:17:01]: Internal combustion engine?Noah [00:17:02]: Internal combustion engine. Are all the things you're talking about battery-powered?Yaroslav [00:17:06]: What we're working on is all battery-powered, right? We don't do the deep strikes, right? And then in terms of autonomy-Noah [00:17:12]: You can catch a Shahed with a battery-powered thing. It's not Fast to catch.Yaroslav [00:17:17]: No, absolutely. Look, Shahed interceptor, like ours, it's called Zero, it goes up to 326 kilometers per hour.Noah [00:17:26]: For reference, how fast is a Shahed?Yaroslav [00:17:28]: Eight, like, in internal phase it could be 280, but in cruise phase it's, like, 220-ish.Yaroslav [00:17:36]: Yeah. And sorry, I'm not like you can convert that into miles if you're interested.Noah [00:17:41]: No, that's fine.Noah [00:17:41]: Multiply by two thirds or point six or something.Yaroslav [00:17:44]: That's easy. Yeah, I was saying that for autonomy modules, right, we, -We make systems, autonomous systems for frontline, for interceptors and some for deep strikes as well, and then different levels of autonomy. So from terminal guidance, which is like lasts 500 meters, give or take, to autonomous bombing, to autonomous target detection, to autonomous navigation and all of that across day and night, different terrains, different time of the year, different platforms like quadcopters and fixed wing, and maybe some other platforms. So it's quite a wide variety of products. We also have like our own simulation. We have our own training school for the war fighters. And we're about to start construction of two, semiconductor plants to make, sensors for thermal cameras. So that's super exciting for me as a computer science guy is Doing semiconductors. Super cool.Noah [00:18:49]: Like in terms of kind of core drone technologies, you basically are one is an FPV replacement without fiber optics, and the other isYaroslav [00:18:59]: YouNoah [00:18:59]: Signal tracking with interceptorsYaroslav [00:19:00]: With or without fiber optics. Fiber optics Is just like, sort of a communication module.Yaroslav [00:19:05]: You can, you can use classical analog, video link and radio link. Those would be two separate radios. You can do digital, or you can do fiber optic, and then fiber optic Has its own advantages but also adds weight and decreases, the distance and decreases, how fast you can, sort of turn and With a drone. Yeah.Noah [00:19:33]: Do you need AI for fiber optic drones?Yaroslav [00:19:36]: Like you can use AI for fiber optic drones. AI replaces a human, right? Fiber optic is making your communication link more resilient. So those are slightly different goals. Like if you want, you can have, AI controlling hundreds of fiber optic drones instead of having 100 operators for each.Fiber Optics, Radio Horizons, and Terminal GuidanceNoah [00:20:03]: I guess I thought that the key reason that people moved to fiber optic drones was for like electronic, countermeasures. Or I guess to counter those.Yaroslav [00:20:13]: I think that's a correct assessment from sort of a public awareness standpoint. In practice it's somewhat more difficult Because besides electronic countermeasures, you have these issues of a radio horizon For FPV drones, which means that asYaroslav [00:20:36]: I believe Earth is round Some people disagree. But basically if you fly a drone and you have a land station over here and a drone flying over hereYaroslav [00:20:49]: If your drone is flying high, you have good direct radio visibility. If your drone goes low, and usually, Russian infantry and vehicles, they're on the ground and you want to hit them, you need to go low. Lower you go, maybe you'll get behind a hill or behind a forest, and if you're far enough, you'll just get behind the curvature of the earth. You get into what's called a radio shadow. And then That is a real bummer because for the last, be it 60 or 20 meters, you won't be able to see anything and it will be very difficult to hit the target. So to counter that what-- And then the distances that these FPV drones, act on they're, they can be quite large. So for example, here in the US there was this drone dominance program competition, and in drone dominance the furthest distance was about 10 kilometers.Noah [00:21:44]: What was drone dominance? What was that competition?Yaroslav [00:21:47]: Drone, the drone dominance is a is a program started, by the US government, to accelerate the development of drone technology here in the US.Noah [00:21:57]: Got it. And the longest range thing they were using was 10 kilometers.Yaroslav [00:22:00]: Was 10 kilometers, right. In Ukraine, like if your drone doesn't fly at least 20, 25, it just, no one's interested in it, and the usual hits are happening. It was like, okay, many hits are happening between 30 and 40 kilometers, and that's what expected from a regular 10-inch, FPV drone. So at that distance, even at altitudes of like 60 to 100 meters, you might start losing, the link. So some of the earlier AI technology that was fielded in FPV drone was this terminal guidance technology. That was the first product that we ever, launched that helped you as an operator, once you see the target from two, three, 500 meters, you lock onto the target and then, it just, drives the drone towards the target no matter what, even after you lost the visual connection. So optic fiber solves that. However, if you want to go like 20 kilometers with optic fiber, that will add an extra three kilos, of useful weight to your drone. SoNoah [00:23:12]: ‘Cause the cable that you have to unspool as you go weighs.Noah [00:23:15]: It is heavy.Yaroslav [00:23:15]: At first, like the spool is about 800 grams, so a bit less than a kilo, and then, and then think about 10, 10 kilometer optic fiber is another kilo, something like that. That takes away from your useful mass and then now you have like, you need a 15-inch drone and it can only carry maybe one or two kilos of explosives if you want to go, 20 kilometers. If you want to go to 30 or 40, like 30 is probably max. 40 is like very problem problematic on optic fiber. And then the problem with optic fiber is it's actually getting super expensive. So and why? Because of all the data centers for AI. That's literally the same optic fiber-Noah [00:24:01]: We're running out of centersYaroslav [00:24:02]: That's being used there.Yaroslav [00:24:02]: Like when Ukrainians and Russians come to Chinese factories to buy the optic fiber, they're like, “We're out. We sold it out to the Americans.”? That's the craziest thing. So optic fiber went up in price from like, $4 per, kilometer to like, $32 per kilometer in a few months in the beginning of this year. And I'veBrandon [00:24:26]: Claude Code is stopping the Russian drone effort here.Yaroslav [00:24:30]: Ukrainian as well. Yeah.Brandon [00:24:31]: Ukrainian. But I read somewhere that the Russians had grown more dependent on fiber optic drones relative to the Ukrainians, and that's one reason why the Ukrainians have sort of regained the initiative in drones recently.Brandon [00:24:42]: How accurate's that?Yaroslav [00:24:43]: The Russians were the first ones to scale that. I think by as of now, Ukraine has caught up. I think, like, as of maybe three months ago, Ukraine is mostly caught up on fiber optic. Yeah.Brandon [00:24:57]: What percent of damage would you say is in terms of FPV drone damage would you say is now fiber optic versus, like autonomous?FPVs as the New God of War: Tanks, Artillery, and Cost per KillYaroslav [00:25:07]: For our, for our audience, I actually, I cannot answer that question. Like, it's like I know the answer, but I would not disclose that. But for our audience, I think another interesting fact is out of all the casualties on the front line Between 70 and 80% are done by FPV drones.Brandon [00:25:30]: FPV drones are the new weapon of universal weapon of warfare.Yaroslav [00:25:34]: It'sBrandon [00:25:35]: Land warfare, anywayYaroslav [00:25:35]: They used to say that artillery is a god of war because artillery used to cause, like 80% of casualties, and now On that ranking-Brandon [00:25:46]: FPVYaroslav [00:25:47]: FPV drones rule.Brandon [00:25:48]: FPV drones are the god of war.Yaroslav [00:25:51]: Sort of. Dethroned artillery. But it's not to say that artillery is not useful, is not needed. Like, all of these systems are needed. Maybe except cavalry, although Russians still use it. I know, have you seen the videos of Russians using mules and horses?Brandon [00:26:09]: What is the usefulness-Yaroslav [00:26:10]: It'Brandon [00:26:10]: Of a tank in the in the modern-Yaroslav [00:26:11]: That's where we need Greenpeace to say a word, but they're silent. Yeah.Brandon [00:26:15]: What's the use of a tank on the modern battlefield?Yaroslav [00:26:21]: It's diminishing.Brandon [00:26:22]: Diminishing.Yaroslav [00:26:22]: However, I think there might be technologies which will, revive the tank. Look, tank still provides you armor, and armor is important. Like, you still need to armor and firepower, right? Like, you can be an armor personal carrier that provides you, armor. The challenge that currently exists is armor is not very well protected against incoming drones. However, there are ways to do to protect it. We were previously talking about this before the podcast. The CEO of Rheinmetall, recently sort of ridiculed, Ukrainian drone industry, saying that like, there is nothing interesting there, no real innovation, no to stand Compared to like, Rheinmetall or Boeing, and it's all made by housewives. There was like, obviously a ton of memes about this people ridiculing the CEO of Rheinmetall. And one of the best quotes, I heard on this topic is from my friend, Alexey Babenko, who's, the head of and founder of VIARI Drone, which is one of the largest manufacturers of FPV drones. They're our partner. They're using our autonomy. So he said that the drones we manufacture in one day will be more than enough to destroy all the tanks Rheinmetall manufactures in a year.Yaroslav [00:27:52]: Then, yeah, cost-wise, of course, a drone is like, $500 and a Rheinmetall tank is what, probably 5 million-ish or maybe more.Brandon [00:28:00]: Don't mess with those housewives.Yaroslav [00:28:03]: Drone wives.Brandon [00:28:04]: Drone wives.Yaroslav [00:28:06]: That's it.Noah [00:28:06]: There's a classic saying that everyone always fights the last war.Noah [00:28:12]: Yet do How did So from your standpoint, how did we get to the point where tanks became irrelevant in at least for now In a matter of just a few years?Yaroslav [00:28:24]: Look, I think it's the same way, how do we get to the point that calculators become irrelevant?Yaroslav [00:28:31]: Now we have iPhones. Like, why would you need a calculator? Technology progresses and its influence grows non-linearly. It's all exponential. So I can tell you that full autonomy, when you put it on a drone Look, so if you, if you think about a tank and a like, it's not a direct comparison, but even, like, a drone and a artillery shell or like, sort of cost per kill, an artillery shell for 155 caliber, which is a standard NATO caliber Currently market price is about $4,000 per piece. So compare that to say, $400 per drone. That's 10 times more expensive. Account for the amortization of the artillery gun and for how vulnerable it is and what is the sort of tactical, capabilities it gives you as compared to a drone. You'll figure out that an FPV drone is maybe three orders of magnitude, more versatile, more useful, more capable than artillery and many of than a classic artillery. Many of Because there are different types of artillery. Not just, like, one 155. You have mortars, you have all that. But give or take, roughly three orders of magnitude maybe. Again, it doesn't have that firepower. It's not one-to-one comparison still.Yaroslav [00:29:53]: Now, take that FPV drone. When you put full autonomy on that FPV drone, which can be not very expensive, like systems that we're, producing are like, in hundreds of dollars of pure bombFull Autonomy: From Human Pilots to Smartphone-Directed Drone MissionsNoah [00:30:06]: Just interrupt. You said full autonomy Just a second ago you were saying that the autonomy here is guidance, right? It's not decision-making.Yaroslav [00:30:14]: No, I was I was saying that's the f-First and sort of easiest pieces of autonomy that was fielded by us. But if you, if you add full autonomy to a droneBrandon [00:30:24]: He, I think he's asking what does it can you, for the listeners, can you explain What the term full autonomy means?Yaroslav [00:30:29]: Basically, I think a good way to think about an FPV drone is like an iPhone of warfare. It's, like, very inexpensive, very mass producible, very versatile. You don't need a bunch of other things when you have a iPhone in your pocket. You don't have, need an MP3 player, you don't need a calculator, don't need other things. All right? So FPV drone is an iPhone. Or like, okay, Apple please don't sue me, is a smartphone. And then, when you add autonomy to it sort of becomes like Uber or ride sharing. Okay? So what it means is instead of actually being a trained pilot who has this complex remote controller device which requires a couple months of training to actually pilot the drone, and then having to pilot it for 30 minutes, flying towards the target, et cetera, et cetera, now you basically, you have your smartphone, you have a drone, you pick your smartphone, you say, “We are here. The bad guys are here. Go and get them.” And the drone goes up, flies in a given direction, localizes itself on the map, finds the dedicated area where they, the bad guys are supposed to be sees the bad guys, bombs them, return, like, watches, so does a damage assessment, returns back, sits down, and then you can pick it up and watch the video if you didn't have the radio link, right?Noah [00:31:59]: That's a bomber drone.Yaroslav [00:32:00]: That's full autonomy for a bomber drone, right?Noah [00:32:03]: You're saying that no human decision is made in this entire process?Brandon [00:32:06]: That's not, that's not what he's saying.Yaroslav [00:32:07]: A human decision was made at the beginning of the process-Noah [00:32:09]: I get it. I get itYaroslav [00:32:09]: The same way as you would fire an artillery.Yaroslav [00:32:12]: When you fire an artillery, you don't stop at like, 500 meters away from a target and ask it whether, you want to strike or not. That's exactly, a human decision is always made at some point. So when you do that's full autonomy, and such full autonomy is happening as we speak. And such full autonomy increases the capabilities of an FPV drone, which is already, like, three orders more powerful than an artillery shell. Full autonomy increases its capabilities by four orders of magnitude because now you can have 100 times as many people who can use it, because you don't need to train those people, and this is important. You can have 10 times, mission success rate, and you can have 10 times utility per drone because now instead of being one-way kamikaze, it's, it can be a bomber.Brandon [00:33:05]: Now wait, let's, you said 10 times mission success rate, which means that fully autonomous bomber drones succeed in their missions 10 times more often than human piloted bomber drones do. That's an important thing to know.Noah [00:33:17]: Maybe, to push back onBrandon [00:33:19]: They're super, they're superhuman. They're, they' 10X superhuman.Yaroslav [00:33:22]: They're not vulnerable to electronic warfare. They don't care about the radio horizon. They don't lose track during navigation. They are not susceptible to human error when, an artillery shell or other drone blows up besides you and you're like, “Hell no,”like, “I'm getting out of here.” Right? That doesn't happen to an autonomous drone. Like, all of those things. Like, we have, like, one of the brigades that's using our drones with just first level autonomy They literally said that their success rates-Brandon [00:33:53]: What's first level autonomy?Yaroslav [00:33:54]: First level autonomy is just the terminal guidance.Yaroslav [00:33:57]: By the way, we have video of that. We can watch that.Brandon [00:33:59]: Terminal guidance means a human gets it nearby and then the AI takes over.Yaroslav [00:34:03]: The human flies it all the way, like 30 kilometers towards the target, and obviously the target was probably given to that human by someone who's flying some ISR drone, some reconnaissance drone, right? So all the way to the target, and once you see the target from a distance of 500 meters, you do target lock, and from there drone flies autonomous. So just that feature alone, it has increased the guy's, his call sign is Grom, so it has increased his, mission success rate, like precision of mission, yeah, mission success rate from 20% to 71%, and it also increased his kill zone from three kilometers to 10 kilometers, which means there's certain area around the front line which is designated kill zone. Whenever enemy goes into that area, it's almost guaranteed to be to be destroyed by a drone. And then obviously the drones are not launched from like, the zero line. They're usually launched from like, minus 10 kilometer-Mission Success, Failure Modes, and the Five Levels of AutonomyBrandon [00:35:03]: What is a zero line?Yaroslav [00:35:05]: Zero line is sort of an imaginary line of control, of two conflicting forces.Brandon [00:35:14]: It's important to explain these things to a lot of the listeners who areYaroslav [00:35:17]: Thank you for askingBrandon [00:35:18]: Familiar with warfare.Noah [00:35:20]: Myself.Noah [00:35:20]: I'm one of those listeners.Brandon [00:35:20]: You said that level one autonomy, in other words just terminal guidance, just, like, human gets it to the finish line and then it goes over the finish line, increases mission success from 20 something percent to 71%, or something like that.Yaroslav [00:35:33]: Increases the kill zoneBrandon [00:35:34]: Increases the kill zoneYaroslav [00:35:34]: Three kilometers to 10 kilometers.Brandon [00:35:36]: Got it.Yaroslav [00:35:36]: On both parameters-Brandon [00:35:37]: What is full autonomy, dude? AndNoah [00:35:38]: Actually on real quick, can we define mission success and like, maybe in a way, what are the failure modes of missions?Brandon [00:35:44]: I have a guess what mission success is.Noah [00:35:46]: But I couldBrandon [00:35:47]: Get ‘em.Yaroslav [00:35:49]: No, but that's a very good question, in fact, because, even if you fly into the target, well, first the target can be damaged or destroyed. Those are two different modes. Then there can be different targets. A sole infantryman is one kind of target. A dugout where supposed there are some, enemies there is another kind of target, and a some mechanical equipment is another type of target. Radio emitting equipment, which, like, often, like, the targets that the military want to get more than anything else is the some enemy radio tower or something like that or some small radio dish that really makes life difficult in that area, in that combat area. So those are different targets, right? It can be destroyed, can be damaged.Then sometimes, the drone hits but doesn't explode. Like, that happens. And then, there are other failure modes. You didn't even reach the target because you were A jammed by electronic warfare; B, you lost the control over drone because of the radio horizon; C, you were jammed by a different type of electronic warfare that happens way before You hit the target area. It's, impacting your, video receiver. So like jamming on video or jamming on control are two different types of jamming. Then something malfunctioned on a drone, just a mechanical malfunction, maybe like a motor broke or like, whatever. So all of those are different failure modes. Yeah, or maybe you got lost, you're navigate navigating to your, to your target. That happens, too.Noah [00:37:41]: The Level one autonomy, basically you manage to point in a direction.Noah [00:37:49]: You go there, and then the last mile The drone taking over.Yaroslav [00:37:52]: We define this like, I define that but it sort of got picked up by the industry. We define five levels of autonomy. So level one is terminal guidance. It's what we just discussed. Level two is bombing. Level three is autonomous target detection and engagement decision. Level four is autonomous navigation. And level five is autonomous takeoff and landing.Noah [00:38:15]: Those are good things to knowYaroslav [00:38:16]: Those are five levels of autonomy. Now, if youNoah [00:38:19]: I have a question for you.Yaroslav [00:38:19]: Sorry. Like, let me finish withNoah [00:38:21]: SorryYaroslav [00:38:21]: Theoretical part.Noah [00:38:23]: What is Tesla running at right now?Yaroslav [00:38:25]: Tesla?Noah [00:38:25]: No, sorry.Yaroslav [00:38:26]: That's very good point. Like, it's exactly, it was inspired by the levels of self-driving autonomy.Noah [00:38:32]: Waymo's level five, right?Noah [00:38:35]: You just tell it where you want to go, it picks you up, and then you go there.Yaroslav [00:38:36]: I think, like, if you, if you look at the classic definitions of self-driving cars, Waymo is still, like, level four because it still requires even remote, but still, like, human control. It's like if Waymo gets in trouble, there is an operator who takes over and resolves this. So that would still be a level four. It doesn't map directly, but it's also five levels.Brandon [00:38:58]: Can I, can I interject a question here? In terms of an FPV drone that's like a suicide drone that'll just blow itself up killing something, how do what it hit? Like, does it, just transmit back, or do you sort of like, lose track of it and hope it hit? Like, what happens to that?Yaroslav [00:39:16]: That's a great question. SoBrandon [00:39:18]: You need another droneYaroslav [00:39:19]: Like, the current battlefield in Ukraine is saturated with different types of drones. So obviously you have all the FPV drones and last year alone, Ukraine manufactured about 4 million of these, and then Russia's maybe, like, 20% less than that. And for this year, the publicly voiced target was 7 million on Ukrainian side. So it's, like, serious numbers. We're getting in serious numbers here. And then besides those, there are different, reconnaissance drones, ISR as we call them, and there are sort of tactical level ISR where we, both Ukrainians and Russians usually use, Mavic, drone by DJI. And then there are a bunch of locally produced drones, which are sort of fixed wing drones that can stay in the air for much longer than Mavic, maybe, like, half an hour. And then, there are drones that can stay for many hours or even up to a day. And those drones have, are more expensive, have more expensive cameras, et cetera, et cetera. We hunt those drones that Russians launch. The Russians hunt our drones, and so on. But ideally, when you, are a group of soldiers operating an FPV, you'll have someone in your, company, or someone in your platoon who has an ISR asset that will do target designation for you. They'll say, “Oh, like, there's a Russian vehicle over there. Go and get him.”and you go there, you get it, and they're like, “Okay, confirmed.”Battlefield Surveillance and the Eight Dimensions of AutonomyBrandon [00:40:57]: Those guys are watching. They have their own drones in the sky.Yaroslav [00:40:59]: Target destroyed. They have, like, a carousel of drones because One Mavic cannot stay more than 30 minutes. ItBrandon [00:41:06]: They're constantly surveilling the battlefield.Yaroslav [00:41:07]: Almost every spot on the battlefield.Yaroslav [00:41:11]: It's not always the case. Sometimes you will not have a surveillance asset, so then you would launch another FPV just to confirm that there was a hit. Then if you see there was a hit and you're not sure if it completely destroyed, you maybe hit again for good measure.Brandon [00:41:26]: You double tap.Yaroslav [00:41:28]: That's how it works. But I was about to give you another sort of piece of taxonomy. So you have five levels of autonomy, right? Then you have sort of eight dimensions of autonomous battlefield. So what is eight dimensions? It's crucial to understand how autonomy evolves in a modern, battlefield environment. So dimension number one is level of autonomy. What are the capabilities that your asset has? Dimension number two is the platform you're operating on. So it can be a quadcopter, a fixed wing drone, different types of maybe, like, a long range drone or short range drone, but it can also be a missile. You can have autonomy even on an artillery shell or a ground vehicle or a sea vehicle. So all of those are different platforms. Level three would be domain. So it's ground to ground or ground to air as an intersection, or ground to sea or sea to air. They're all, like, all the nuances with different domains. Then level four, would be higher levels of autonomy, such as swarming, drone carriers, drone nests, et cetera.Brandon [00:42:39]: Now when you're saying level, you're talking about dimensions, not about-Yaroslav [00:42:42]: Sorry. YeahBrandon [00:42:43]: Autonomy levels. So dimension four.Yaroslav [00:42:43]: The dimension. Yeah, I used to say I was supposed to say dimension. I say dimension because each of them works with another, right? So you might have, like third level autonomy, fixed wing drone operating in land to air, and stuff like that right? And then operating in a swarm or operating from a nest. Right? Then you have, sort of dimension number five is environment. So is it day or night? Is it summer or winter? Is it, humid, cold, dry? What kind of target is it? Is your target hiding in a forest, or is it, behind a hill or within buildings? So all of that is environment. Then you have, dimension number six is command and control. How are you dealing with or like, tens of thousands of those assets around the battlefield? How are you coordinating that on the higher levels of command? How are you collecting data? All that.Yaroslav [00:43:44]: Dimension number seven would be infrastructure, so things like simulation, data collection tools, security, deployment mechanisms, et cetera. So all those systems have to be developed separately and integrate with all the others. And finally, dimension number eight is sort of distribution. Have you deployed 100 of these systems or 100,000 of these systems? Because those are two very different ballgames. So that now gives you a more broad overview of how autonomy propagates across the battle space.Targeting, Human Responsibility, and Rules of EngagementNoah [00:44:23]: As someone who has done machine learning and had gone out of distribution and had things, go horribly wrong, you were talking several of these, kind of axes of thinking about drone warfare seem like they could be very susceptible to some sort of distribution shift if you start making things autonomous.Yaroslav [00:44:41]: Like what?Noah [00:44:41]: I mean Well, first ofYaroslav [00:44:43]: If the I'm very interested Sort of sort of kinds of scenarios that you're thinking about.Noah [00:44:48]: Like the most obvious one is you, if I assume these are computer vision guided systems for at least the last mile, how do you ensure that oh, well, like you now have some fog roll in or something, and you, the drones just attack the wrong thing? Or maybe, it probably will not turn around and fly back and attack you, but youYaroslav [00:45:10]: Same, the same, the same question, how do you ensure that your mortar fire hits the right thing? Well, it's like mortar fire, give or take half a kilometer could be plus or minus. So maybe you fire one, and then you fire another. So drones are actually, much better in being precise in those scenarios. And I think, to your point, I think five to 10 years from now it will be immoral to use weapons without AI.Yaroslav [00:45:44]: ‘Cause weapons without AI will be more likely to cause, collateral damage or unwanted damage. Same way, it will be immoral to drive your own car manually on a public road because it's more likely to cause, unwanted damage.Noah [00:46:02]: Wow, I never considered that mightBrandon [00:46:04]: Really? That's definitely coming.Yaroslav [00:46:07]: Anyway.Brandon [00:46:07]: No, but that' I don't know, it's an obvious, an obvious thought. I agree with you.Brandon [00:46:12]: I, No, they, obviously they're not going to let you drive once most of the cars on the road are autonomous.Noah [00:46:17]: No, that one, don't I believe.Yaroslav [00:46:19]: No, I think you were you were talking about drones, right?Brandon [00:46:21]: The drones, right. Cool.Yaroslav [00:46:22]: The weapons, right?Brandon [00:46:23]: Friendly fire and collateral damage and stuff like that is all minimized with AI.Brandon [00:46:27]: Here's my question. Take all let's go to level six autonomy. Let's take all of the target selection. Let's take all the battlefield data, integrate it into one big AI, and have that big AI basically be in command of the battlefield And agentically do target selection.Yaroslav [00:46:44]: Be the general, right?Brandon [00:46:44]: It's a general. It's, you've cut humans out of the loop except maybe as dexterous robots, repairing drones and fastening things to drones or maybe something like that because you don't have those robots yet. How soon are we there? AI general.Yaroslav [00:46:58]: The most important thing to ask ourselves is who will be faster to that us or our adversaries?Brandon [00:47:07]: I assume us, but how fast will we be to that? I hope us.Yaroslav [00:47:11]: I hope so too.Brandon [00:47:12]: How fast can we Like when are we looking at that in terms of like horizons years?Yaroslav [00:47:18]: Like technically, it could be done now. The question is of course, there's, some engineering work to be done. The bigger challenge is deployment. Right? So okay, technically Like operation in Iran, right? They, the publicly, it was claimed that I think Palantir system was used for target designation, et cetera, et cetera. So it is not exactly as you say, the AI makes all the decisions, but basically AI goes through all the data you have, gives you these 1,027 different targets and says, “You-- To confirm, please press Okay.” And you look at the targets and you're like, “Yeah, sounds right. Press Okay.”so that's, I think that's where we are now already, or we were a couple weeks ago as we're recording this on April 10th. Another question is how massively deployable it is. Is it, like, every decision being made like that or is it, like, just some of the decisions made like that? And then different levels of command and control. There you have, like, the platoon, the company level, the battalion, et cetera, et cetera, et cetera. But the tricky thing here when we get into that territory, the tricky thing is If your enemy is getting advantage of being Thousand times faster than yourself by deploying such systems What do you do?Yaroslav [00:49:10]: You got to-Brandon [00:49:12]: The if the enemy is a thousand times faster than you at deploying those systems?Yaroslav [00:49:16]: Like, if enemy starts deploying level six autonomy, as you call And you have not started doingBrandon [00:49:22]: You're in troubleYaroslav [00:49:23]: Yes, exactly. So you have to catch up. So my point is that it is very important to think about the safety of these systems, but that thinking should not slow you down in developing them because they are critical for your existential, survival, right? And like, one person who doesn't think, doesn't get to think about the ethics of the war is a dead person. That person surely doesn't get to think about that.Brandon [00:49:52]: What would be the safety risk of such a system?Yaroslav [00:49:55]: Of course-Brandon [00:49:56]: Friendly fire?Yaroslav [00:49:56]: Just wrong decisions, right?Brandon [00:49:59]: I see.Yaroslav [00:49:59]: Maybe, these decisions-AI Command Decisions, Dead Zones, and Complex BattlefieldsBrandon [00:50:06]: Skynet AI decides it's going to useYaroslav [00:50:08]: No, these-Brandon [00:50:08]: Drone army to kill usYaroslav [00:50:09]: Decisions will not only be made about drones. They are likely to made about what the humans should do on your side as well. Then obviously some environments are more like Ukrainian-Russian war, where you haveBrandon [00:50:26]: It will have to choose to risk lives. It will have to choose to sacrifice human lives-Yaroslav [00:50:28]: Of courseBrandon [00:50:29]: On your side.Yaroslav [00:50:29]: Of course. And then some environments are just, like, dead, like, dead zones and there are no civilians there, or virtually no civilians close to the front line because, like, super dangerous. Everyone has evacuated from there. But there are other environments which are more like, okay, there's a counterterrorist operation. There's, like, a group of terrorists or a group of civilians. Or like, it's like the recent operations in Iran, I imagine that the US and Israeli forces do not want to harm civilians. They only targeted the military targets there, right? So in those situations, it's a different level of responsibility for that decision-making as well. And then there is just such a big variety of those military missions, and I'm not even, like, well-informed or well-educated in military science to tell you about all those scenarios. We would need to put some general besides me, and maybe a Ukraine general and American general would have told you very different stories about these things.Brandon [00:51:34]: Got it. Can I ask a few more questions? All right. So in 2013, I wrote one of my first, paid articles ever was about how the era of drones will change human society. I was just sitting around bored thinking about things.Yaroslav [00:51:54]: You were way ahead of your time.Brandon [00:51:55]: I said, I said, “The following will happen.”Yaroslav [00:51:57]: It's, this article is real. I've read it.Yaroslav [00:51:58]: It's actually-Brandon [00:51:59]: I said small autonomous, suicide drones, will cleanse the battlefield of human infantry. Human infantry will not be able to stand against swarms of AI-powered, suicide drones. That was I didn't even know about, like, AlexNet at the time, I think.Yaroslav [00:52:19]: You're just an avid sci-fi reader.Brandon [00:52:23]: I'm an avid sci-fi reader, but also, like, it's not Like, there will be a way to do that. It's a it's a nonlinear multidimensional search problem, and you get enough compute, you'll find some search algorithm that will get you there. And soBrandon [00:52:38]: I, yeah, I think that one sentence describes the bitter lesson right there.Brandon [00:52:41]: It's just like it's a multidimensional search space. You search it somehow. I don't know. Figure out some get a grad student-Yaroslav [00:52:47]: Sooner or laterBrandon [00:52:47]: To make a search algorithm.Brandon [00:52:48]: It's not that hard. Anyway, so but then, but I guess the point is The point is that human infantry on the battlefield will be will be gone at the end. I wrote that in 2013. Many people on social media laughed at me for that called me hysterical, said things like, “Electronic warfare will knock all the drones out of the sky.”like, “You need humans to hold ground.”that's something you still hear from a lot of people on social media today. I feel that this article that I've written has never been directionally wrong. It has gotten more and more right steadily over time, and that we're very reading the battlefield reports from Ukraine, where, human infantry are basically guy, like a few guys hiding in dugouts for months, and I'm not sure what they're doing.Yaroslav [00:53:35]: That's on Ukraine's side. On the Russian side, that's just like a zerg rush.Brandon [00:53:38]: The zerg rush, and then they just die. Then, but they have some guys in dugouts too, right? Like hiding in dugouts for months.Yaroslav [00:53:45]: They have. Yeah.Brandon [00:53:45]: Like, but that like, what are those guys doing in the dugouts? Are providing, like, frontline, like, reconnaissance? Like, what are they doing?Yaroslav [00:53:54]: If there is a guy in a dugout with some bullets and automatic weapon, the other guy cannot come and take the that dugout. That'Brandon [00:54:07]: I seeYaroslav [00:54:08]: They are they're establishing control over territory.Brandon [00:54:10]: I see. So that is so there still is a use for human infantry on the battlefield as of today.Yaroslav [00:54:15]: LikeBrandon [00:54:15]: How long will that last?Yaroslav [00:54:17]: I think it will last for a while. This is funny. There's this whole Layer of the modern culture, a modern Ukraine culture built around the war-related stuff. So there is this -Punk rock band, that is called SZC, I guess in English that would be. Which stands short for like a deserter or something like that. So anyhow, this band has a song titled “2030.” It's basically about the year 2030, and the war still goes on as like the whatever, third world war or whatever. And they basically, they, sang about the AI and like cyborgs and everything, but the simple infantry is still needed, and we're still, like, getting cold in those dugouts, and we're still doing our job. That's sort of the theme of the song. And it seems like that's actually what's going to happen. There areGround Robots, Simulation, and the Limits of World ModelsBrandon [00:55:30]: Ground robots will not replace humans in the dugouts soon.Yaroslav [00:55:34]: I'm very much interested in following the whole humanoid robot theme andBrandon [00:55:39]: What about like a dog robot?Noah [00:55:41]: Or just mobile controlled platforms or something.Brandon [00:55:44]: Spider robot, yeah.Brandon [00:55:45]: Everything evolves into a crab.Brandon [00:55:46]: You build a crab robot.Yaroslav [00:55:47]: A humanoid-Noah [00:55:48]: The carcinization of warfare.Yaroslav [00:55:51]: There is a lot of utility in humanoid robots because the world is designed around humanoids. So I would not, like, 100% disqualify the possibility that sometimes 10 years in the future, humanoid robots, will be actually fighting. So that's an actual Terminator kind of scenario.Brandon [00:56:14]: Yeah, in the first Terminator movie, you look at what they've got on the battlefield, they've got flying bomber drones and humanoid robots.Yaroslav [00:56:20]: Look, the cost of large language models of running them is getting so low, you can have basically an inexpensive computer running, what was a state-of-the-art model a year and a half ago, running it locally on a device with an open source model, which also means that the Chinese can have it, the Russians can have it, the North Koreans can have it, et cetera. So that is already possible. And with when we're looking at the acceleration of the neural nets, I would've, if not the acceleration of the large language models, I would've said that I don't think that humanoid robots will be able to be useful in the battlefield earlier than in 10 years. But if you account for the exponential, it might be five years or so. The problem with all of the autonomous systems, and it's like starts with self-driving cars and even with all the AI, like modern day AI agents, to make them really, useful, you have to solve such a long tail of edge cases, that it's really difficult to make them useful. Like we were promised, self-driving cars, what, like 2007, Sebastian Thrun and Google, and even before that all the challenges, everything. And Elon of course told us it's going to be one year from 2014, and now we still don't have self-driving Teslas everywhere. We have Waymos in SF and some other places, but they're still, like, not perfect. So I think, I expect something similar from self-flying drones and fully autonomous drones, and we saw that firsthand as with each level of autonomy that we're adding, there is a very wide distance between a prototype and something that is ready to be scaled to millions of units and something that has been scaled to millions of units. But the race with like AI coding tools is just insane. So things might accelerate very fast, faster than we can imagine.Noah [00:58:46]: I think your point is that with due to this long tail behavior Level one autonomy as you've defined it, is actually very natural. Like you basically are just solving an image recognition and tracking system.Yaroslav [00:59:02]: It's actually interesting that you say it that way, and I thought about this the very same way, and we have this joke that there are like 200 companies in Ukraine which are trying to solve last mile, targeting or terminal guidance. It seems like we're like the only company that actually solved that because even that problem-Noah [00:59:22]: I'm not saying it's, I'm not saying it's trivial, but it's at least something that you imagine given our current state.Yaroslav [00:59:26]: Like us and Eric Schmidt, like Eric Schmidt's companies are pretty good.Yaroslav [00:59:29]: Like, I actually have lots of respect to what they're doing, and they're, they have been practically influential and helpful on the battlefield, and they have good engineering.Noah [00:59:38]: I wasn't, I wasn't saying it's trivial. I'm just saying this is a something naturally adaptive based upon things that we know work, well. But some of the other domains that where you do have to make decisions and you have a long tail become much harder, and you worry about edge cases more.Yaroslav [00:59:57]: Like the more, the more complex behavior you're trying to simulate, the more edge cases there are right? The more ways to do it wrong there are. And then there are different approaches. It's like if you think about, if you read academic papers about robotics, right? You sort of the robot is represented as something that has the sort of sensor input, and then you have three, levels of sort of logics or decision-making, which are perception, planning, and control, and then you have actuators as output.So pre-neural nets, you would do perception output and control all with classic logics, right? Then, with AlexNet and computer vision, you could do perception with neural nets and the rest with logic. You cannot currently do each of those separately with neural nets, each of those separately with logics, or you can just have one huge neural net that just takes lots of sensory data. It's not just pixels. Could be sound, could be accelerometer, could be everything, as input, and just outputs the controls. And some of the self-driving car companies are doing that or like, experimenting between different ways of doing that. So you can also, like, think about that and the way you implement those features, also influences how much degrees of freedom the system would have, right? Like control, you can do it classical algorithmic control with common filters and PAD filter, PAD controllers, et cetera, or you can do a neural net, that was trained in a gym with a reinforcement learning, et cetera. And those would be two different behaviors of a system.Noah [01:01:53]: I-- Maybe my point was just much more high level. It'Yaroslav [01:01:56]: Or you can If you go even like, if you go high level, you can, you can like train to like have whatever, like Feifei Li and folks who are doing like physical, sortBrandon [01:02:08]: World modelsYaroslav [01:02:08]: World models, right, physical intelligence, they're trying to make these big models and sort of understand the world and then supposedly you have such model and you can tell a drone, “Okay, like, go over that hill and like, find the bad guys and then get them,”or “Make me a video, make me a photo of the guy smiling and get back to me.” Right? That's one way. Another way you have like these subsystems, like one is navigation, another is finding the person, another is like getting to them to take a photo. And those are again, very different behaviors. And then it's not that one is necessarily better than the other, and we might have more technological ability to do one or another. But all of those systems will exist. And then again, you should always keep in mind that it's only the not only the good guys that are developing these systems, the bad guys are developing these systems as well.China's Drone Supply Chain and the West's Manufacturing GapNoah [01:03:00]: I guess where I'm going with this back to Noah's original thought with the end of the end of the soldier. And so in order to replace-Brandon [01:03:10]: Or at least the end of the rifleman.Noah [01:03:11]: Or the end of the rifleman, yeah.Yaroslav [01:03:13]: I'm not seeing that very close, and it was like I'm, as much as I'm a lover of sci-fi and all of that and a technologist, the more I try to beYaroslav [01:03:27]: Like the I try to have certain humility about these things, and like the military, domain and there was just so much human history and blood and tears, dedicated to sort of understanding this art of war and perfecting it and so on. There is so much knowledge in there that I don't feel like I even started to comprehend, a lot of that. But one thing that I really understood is that even though drones are now making eighty percent of the casualties, you go to the actual officers, you talk to the actual, like, brigade commanders, corps commanders, and they explain to you, how all of it fits together, how when you're thinking about an operation that involves a couple thousand people to get this piece of land, out of the enemy's hands, deoccu deoccupy it, how it is so complex, it involves, dozens of different types of drones and then land operations and reconnaissance operations, psychological operations and then aviations and tanks and logistics and all kinds of these different assets. So modern warfare is really very complex, and the fact that the drones are the latest, coolest thing, and then the AI is latest, coolest thing, doesn't mean that now it's that and only that right? So yeah. Whoever's looking into that I think should realize that it's not just what the press talks about, that the reality is much more difficult, much more complex.Brandon [01:05:17]: Let's talk about China and China's manufacturing capabilities. So suppose that someone, like suppose the United States went to war with China. AndYaroslav [01:05:26]: I hope not.Brandon [01:05:27]: I hope not as well. And then but suppose that drones were very essential to that war of all the types of drones that we're talking about here, and that suppose that China said, “All right, well, you need X and Y and Z, to make those drones to fight us, and we control the production of X and Y and Z, so we're just going to cut you right off, and now you have no drones.”Brandon [01:05:47]: I know that a number of countries, including Ukraine and Taiwan, have been making moves to China-proof their drone productions that China couldn't do that. Examples of things they might be able to cut off might include rare earths, fiber optic cable that you were talking about before, various other things that where even if they don't control one hundred percent of the production, they control enough of the production that would be extremely expensive to produce it without relying on Chinese sources. Or the market's fragmented enough, et cetera. What do you see as China's key bottlenecks, and how easy are those to overcome in terms of China-proofing drone production in case of a war against China?Yaroslav [01:06:30]: Let me start with a saying that -Although China does not sell directly to Ukraine and it does sell directly to Russia, a lot of Ukrainian supply chains, they start in China, right?Yaroslav [01:06:49]: We're not in a conflict with China, and we would not want to be in a conflict with China. And we'd hope that China stays a neutral power between Ukraine and Russia and the US as well. That said, the scenario that you're describing, everything is much worse.Yaroslav [01:07:11]: Think about this. Last year, Ukraine produced four million FPV drones. Ukraine is not the most industrious nation in the world.Yaroslav [01:07:19]: China can produce four billion of these FPV drones.Yaroslav [01:07:23]: China can make them not drones with propellers, but fixed-wing drones, which go not forty kilometers far, but maybe two to three hundred kilometers inland.

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In this special Need to Know episode, Bryce Zabel, Richard Dolan, and producer Tyler Stevens react in real time to the Trump administration's first major UFO/UAP file release. The discussion covers the massive batch of documents, military ISR videos, NASA transcripts, Cold War intelligence reports, and historical FBI material that suddenly pushed the UFO topic back into mainstream headlines. While much of the material had already circulated through FOIA requests and archives like The Black Vault, the hosts argue that the significance lies in the government officially centralizing and publicly presenting the information in one place. They debate whether the release represents genuine progress toward disclosure or simply another controlled "slow drip" operation designed to manage public perception rather than resolve the mystery. The episode also explores the growing tension between public expectations and institutional transparency. Dolan emphasizes that true disclosure would require undeniable evidence such as recovered craft or clear multisensor footage, while Tyler Stevens highlights frustration within the UFO community over selective releases, media coordination, and the continued gatekeeping of potentially stronger evidence. The conversation dives into UFO history, Apollo astronaut encounters, unexplained military footage, Spielberg's upcoming film Disclosure Day, and the cultural shift happening around the topic. Together, the hosts frame the current moment as part of a larger battle between secrecy and public demand, arguing that while the file release may not be "disclosure," it does show the UFO subject entering a new phase of visibility, political pressure, and mainstream relevance.  Need To Know producer - Tyler aka ASTRAL https://x.com/The_Astral_ https://www.youtube.com/@UCU2eS5pTsp_PP8Bn7F2QHyA