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Sétima edição do programa criado pela Câmara Municipal de Lisboa arrancou a 5 de julho e termina hoje às 17h. Estão disponíveis 116 habitações com tipologias que vão do T0 ao T4.
Neste episódio estivemos à conversa com André Maciel, criador do projeto @hortas_lx e que em 25 minutos nos deu um autêntico workshop prático sobre como criar uma horta bio em nossas casas (num T0 sem varanda ou numa casa com terreno). E, acreditem, não há melhor professor e mestre. Desde cedo se interessou pela natureza e pela ecologia. Formou-se em Design de Equipamento, na vertente sustentável. Fez voluntariado na @quinta7nomes, onde tomou contacto com a permacultura, agricultura biodinâmica e construção natural. Em 2013 reabilitou uma casa de família para criar o projecto Purisimpl, cujo nome homenageia a sua Mãe, Purificação, vítima de doença oncológica, e a simplicidade da vida no campo, com o objectivo de viver da terra e para a preservação da mesma. Em 2015 formou-se na ESAC EM Coimbra no curso de agricultura biológica. Trabalhou na Quinta do Poial na produção de alimentos e mini-legumes para fornecer os restaurantes do chef José Avilez. Estagiou na ecoaldeia de Janas em Sintra, com as mesmas funções. Em 2018 trabalhou no resort Pinneclifs com a missão de organizar as hortas biológicas do espaço e a produção local para os restaurantes do espaço. Em 2020, cria o projecto @hortas_lx, uma extensão do atelier Purisimpl, onde ensina e incentiva os seus seguidores a criarem hortas biológicas em sua casa, apelando a um modo de vida mais sustentável. Integra ainda a equipa da @noocity_urban_ecology, com funções de coordenador e gestor das hortas empresariais na área de Lisboa. Ouvir o André a falar com paixão sobre hortas e sobre cultivarmos o nosso próprio alimento é muito especial. O André é ele próprio uma revolução - aquela que grita mais fundo dentro de nós: é impossível não ficar contagiado pela sua alegria, por aquela paixão. Obrigada, querido André! Tirem 25 minutos do vosso tempo para o ouvir, não nos responsabilizamos pelas consequências a longo prazo, mas vão ser verdes e abundantes, acreditem. Partilhem, enviem aos amigos, comentem, os nossos convidados merecem esse amor todo. A voz ao comando, como sempre, é da Paula Cordeiro, numa produção Streaming Ideas. Para ouvir no nosso site, na homepage ou no blogue (secção “podcast”) e nas plataformas habituais. Esperamos que gostem! Até já!
Location: Zoom Show notes: This online episode features our in-house technical specialists, Andy Bailey and Bill Lankford, as well as special guest Ian Holmes, in-house agronomist at Strawsons Ltd in Nottinghamshire. Also, Charles Anyan and John Birchall, two growers looking after farms in North Lincolnshire and Shrewsbury, give us an update on how they've come through the winter and are preparing for spring. Plus, coming up later in the show is an extended interview with Charles about the recent run1000 event that he took part in raising awareness around mental health and raising vital money too, for the Farming Community Network. 02.58 - Ian updates us on how his crop fields are looking at the moment 03.07 - Andy brings us up to speed with the importance of multi-sites 06.57 - Ian shares why he believes resistant management is an important part of his strategy and his views on folpet (ADAMA multi-site). 09.45 - New into the ADAMA business, Bill provides an update on what he is working on at the moment as Herbicide Technical Specialist 11.04 - Charles Anyan and John Birchall give us an update on how they've come through the winter and are preparing for spring 21.42 - Ian shares his approach to T0 and whether this is tailored by variety 28.43 - Charles reflects back on the run 1000 initiative 36.58 - Back with Ian, he shares his pressures from black grass, ryegrass and broadleaved weeds. 43.03 - Mel Wardle, ADAMA Fungicide Product Manager gives an update on ADAMA new product SORTAEL
Nicole Sandler 03 -08-2021 What's News Extended by Progressive Voices
This is Derek Miller Speaking on Business. Now more than ever the business community has an important role to play in our culture to ensure we champion diversity, inclusion and equality of opportunity. The Salt Lake Chamber believes that diversity, inclusion and equality must be a way of doing business and part of who we are. We believe progress is possible and that everyone deserves the opportunity to achieve their dream in America. Toward this end, we are committed to the Utah Compact on Racial Equity, Diversity and Inclusion, and over the past year the business community has been working to better understand and to act. Through roundtable discussions, webinars, symposiums, and working with underserved communities we are seeking to raise sensitivity and awareness concerning bias and roadblocks to equal opportunity for all. The Chamber is working with partners from across the state to develop a best practices toolkit and we look forward to hosting a major summit for businesses and employers in 2021. T0 deepen and strengthen a continued commitment to this effort, I encourage businesses across the state to read the Compact. You can find it on the Salt Lake Chamber website. You can read it and add your name as a sign of your commitment to be part of this movement. I'm Derek Miller with the Salt Lake Chamber, and this is Speaking on Business. Originally aired: February 8, 2021.
Today, AiG Canada explains how to forget their middle critical thinking checks in favour of the first one.Sources:Long-Term Coffee Consumption Is Associated with Decreased Incidence of New-Onset Hypertension: A Dose–Response Meta-Analysis: https://bit.ly/2XD8S2VEvidence for Evolution - Dating Methods: https://bit.ly/38BHx7yPrinciples of Sedimentology and Stratigraphy: https://bit.ly/3nHRqoiTwenty-one Reasons Noah’s Worldwide Flood Never Happened (PDF): https://bit.ly/3qiHZxy"Historical science" vs. "experimental science": https://bit.ly/3ntEAuxNomothetic and idiographic: https://bit.ly/35EMvP3"Polystrate" Tree Fossils: http://bit.ly/2JptJlQPennsylvanian ‘fossil forests' in growth position (T0 assemblages): origin, taphonomic bias and palaeoecological insights: https://bit.ly/39s5EVwIs decay constant?: http://bit.ly/2tpnRSbOriginal Video: https://bit.ly/3ianZKLCards:YoLup (0:14):https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCh0ngVn2K6SzQQJeUKl634QNoah Drank from a Fire Hose! (15:46):https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N31AdIPyfWUEvidence for Evolution - Dating Methods (18:14):https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B196InuBV4IPrints Rhino (25:39):https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCnfKKkPejoTzmOCpDroJIDQ
The Whole View, Episode 434: CBD For Pets Stacy welcomes listers to the show and jokes that she and Sarah will mostly be gushing about their dogs this week. (2:37) She and Sarah have talked a lot about how great pets are for our well-being, mental health, and physical exercise. They've also talked in past shows about how great CBD oil can be for humans. Due to this, they've received tons of questions about what they know and/or can recommend about CBD for animals. Stacy takes a moment to remind listeners that she and Sarah are not medical professionals or veterinarians. However, they do love science and bringing you all the information they can. About Today's Sponsor Stacy takes a quick moment to thank One Farm for sponsoring this week's show. All of One Farm's organic CBD tinctures for cats and dogs are made with the same high-quality USDA Organic CBD Distillate as our people products. Organic CBD for cats and dogs are all Full Spectrum products so that you can maximize their benefits. If you or your fur baby aren’t 100% happy with your product, you can return it for a full refund within 30 days. One Farm does warn if your pet has a medical condition or takes pharmaceutical drugs, please consult their veterinarian before use. To access One Farm's products, you can follow this link or use discount code WHOLEVIEW at checkout to receive 15% off your purchase! One Farm has sponsored several CBD shows for Stacy and Sarah in the past. Those are episodes 420: CBD for Pain Management and 393: on CBD. Stacy mentions that this week they won't be going deep into the science behind CBD. She encourages any listeners who aren't familiar with the topic to revisit those episodes to better understand this show. Listener Question Sarah shares some feedback she received from frequent listener, Sherry, that inspired today's topic. (3:19) "Hello ladies! First let me say I am so glad I discovered your podcast this year. I look forward to each new episode and have been working my way through past years on my daily dog walks and house cleaning. As a dog mom, I really enjoyed the two episodes you did earlier this year on pets. After listening to your episode on CBD for pain management I wondered if CBD could also work for dogs? I would love to know your take on it. Thanks again for your company during this strange year. I am positive we would be BFFs IRL." Stacy informs all listeners that they are all her BFFs, and there's no "in real life." If you are here, Stacy considers you a best friend she just hasn't met! She tells listeners that she is also very curious about this topic, especially in terms of anxiety for her really annoying cat! Sarah touches on close to 30,000 studies that have been done on CBD's impact, and benefit uses on the human body, especially in terms of physical and emotional pain. However, when she dug into the literature, she found that there have been less than 200 studies have been done with dogs. The place we're left in, she explains, is one where the science really needs to catch up to the usage. There are many products already marketed for pets, and there is still a lot left to know. Because of this, Sarah decides to start with what science we do know. Toxicology Of CBD For Pets Sarah feels it is very important to take a huge step back for a moment and look at dosage, what happens when a dog or cat takes CBD, and overall safety. (6:45) This is important because reports show dogs have a larger number of cannabinoid receptors in the brain than humans. This means that they are much more sensitive to the psychoactive properties of THC than humans are. Sarah adds that THC is actually quite toxic for dogs. She cites many cases of dogs accidentally getting into owners' medical/recreational Marijuana supply and having some pretty detrimental effects. Studies that specifically looked at CBD (in the absence of THC) have mostly studied doses in the range of 4mg/kg to 20mg/kg per day, most in the 4-5mg/kg range. Stacy adds for listeners, remembering from her weight-lighting days, that 1kg = 2.2lbs. Sarah breaks down the math mean if you're dosing every 2 hours at 5mg/kg: if you have a 22lb (aka 10kg) dog, it means you'd give 2.5mg CBD per dose. For reference, that’s ¼ what Stacy takes and ⅛ what Sarah takes to support sleep, anxiety, and pain management. Sarah reminds us that just because CBD is not psychoactive in humans in the same way THC is, some people are more sensitive to it. And there's actually an identified gene that is the reason behind that sensitivity. Toxic Levels of CBD for Pets There’s very little data on what would be a toxic level of CBD for dogs. (10:35) However, THC is definitely toxic, even in small amounts. No seizures were observed in dogs given chronic daily oral doses of cannabis extracts containing concentrations as high as 27 mg/kg THC combined with 25 mg/kg CBD (1.08:1 ratio of THC to CBD) for 56 weeks. However, researchers observed other CNS signs, including ataxia, tremors, and hypoactivity. Researchers did not administer THC extracts without CBD, which shows the impact of a relatively large CBD amount. The trace amount of THC in CBD is likely the source of problem for dogs. This is most likely due to poor quality CBD products tend to have higher levels of THC in them. Sarah adds that's one reason why they love One Farm's products- which are high quality and organic. She talks a little bit about a 2018 study investigating the susceptibility of cannabis-induced convulsions in rats and dogs. Sarah also mentions that with these reports, there's not a way to separate what (CBD, THC, chocolate sometimes used with these products, etc.) that's directly making the animal sick. Sarah references this safety study where 2 mg/kg total CBD concentration orally twice daily for 12 weeks in both dogs and cats showing no detrimental effects Safety was also the focus in this safety study where researchers studied the blood of animals given 2 mg/kg vs 8 mg/kg on an empty stomach. Sarah also notes in quite a few studies that there have been increased liver damage markers/injury markers. She adds that these levels were not high enough to cause liver dysfunction. However, it's good to keep an eye on whether your animal has or is at risk for liver issues. Route Of Administration Stacy quickly summarizes what Sarah said to make sure she understands. (17:02) Sarah then looks at how the different administration techniques of CBD can impact cats and dogs. Dogs were given 10 mg/kg body weight (BW) per day or 20 mg/kg BW per day, every 12 hours right after a meal, by three routes: oral by capsule, oral by oil directly, or transdermal cream. The capsule and the oil were very similar in terms of plasma CBD levels over 12 hours after the dose, i.e., elevated quite quickly and stayed fairly stable, dropping off a bit towards the end. Transdermal cream raised levels less so immediately, but gradually increased over 12 hours, actually being higher at the 12-hour point than capsule or oil. For continuous use over 2, 4 or 6 weeks, there wasn’t a significant difference in plasma CBD concentrations with any route of administration. So, for short-term pain, oral oil is the best. For long-term pain and daily dosing, whatever is the easiest to administer is fine. Sarah does note there are studies with oral transmucosal administration, but not pharmacokinetics that compare it with other routes. CBD For Pets With Osteoarthritis Pain Sarah thinks that this is the most effective use for CBD for pets. (20:01) This study shows that adding CBD to a normal treatment plan for OA-related pain in dogs adds benefit. This is useful because it means that it doesn’t need to be either/or. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of oral transmucosal (OTM) cannabidiol (CBD), in addition to a multimodal pharmacological treatment for chronic osteoarthritis-related pain in dogs. Twenty-one dogs were randomly divided into two groups in group CBD (n = 9), OTM CBD (2 mg kg-1 every 12 h) was included in the therapeutic protocol (anti-inflammatory drug, gabapentin, amitriptyline) in group C (n = 12), CBD was not administered. Sarah notes that Gabapentin is an anticonvulsant and Amitriptyline is an antidepressant. Owners evaluated dogs based on the Canine Brief Pain Inventory scoring system before treatment initiation (T0), and one (T1), two (T2), four (T3) and twelve (T4) weeks after that. Pain Severity Score was significantly lower in CBD than in C group at T1 (p = 0.0002), T2 (p = 0.0043) and T3 (p= 0.016). Pain Interference Score was significantly lower in CBD than in C group at T1 (p = 0.0002), T2 (p = 0.0007) and T4 (p = 0.004). Quality of Life Index was significantly higher in CBD group at T1 (p = 0.003). The addition of OTM CBD showed promising results. Further pharmacokinetics and long-term studies in larger populations are needed to encourage its inclusion into a multimodal pharmacological approach for canine osteoarthritis-related pain. More Studies: CBD For Pets With OA Sarah thinks a study done in 2019 is one of the most compelling studies because it just evaluated CBD at a fairly low dose in dogs with OA. The objective was to determine basic oral pharmacokinetics, and assess safety and analgesic efficacy of a CBD based oil in dogs with osteoarthritis. Dogs received each of two treatments: CBD oil (2 mg/kg) or placebo oil every 12 h. Each treatment lasted for 4 weeks with a 2-week washout period. Participants completed baseline veterinary assessment and owner questionnaires before initiating each treatment and at weeks 2 and 4. Researchers performed hematology, serum chemistry and physical examinations at each visit. A mixed model analysis, analyzing the change from enrollment baseline for all other time points was utilized for all variables of interest, with a p ≤ 0.05 defined as significant. Owners reported no side effects. However, serum chemistry showed an increase in alkaline phosphatase during CBD treatment (p < 0.01). This pharmacokinetic and clinical study suggests that 2 mg/kg of CBD twice daily can help increase comfort and activity in dogs with OA. Stacy says that she's not surprised to hear any of that, given how effective CBD is for humans. CBD For Pets With Anxiety Sarah explains that interest is increasing regarding the use of Cannabidiol (CBD) in companion animals. This is due to evidence of beneficial behavioral and health effects. (27:47) A September 2020 study evaluated the influence of CBD on behavioral responses to fear-inducing stimuli in dogs. Sarah mentions that cats show different signs of anxiety than dogs, which can be a little harder to measure. She also explains that is the one and only study she could find that tested how CBD for pets can impact anxiety in dogs. Researchers used a fireworks model of noise-induced fear to assess CBD effectiveness after 7 d of supplementation. Each test lasted a total of 6 min and consisted of a 3 minutes "normal" environmental noise and then 3 minutes of noise with a fireworks track. Plasma was collected 1 hour before, immediately after, and 1 hour following testing for analysis. Researchers video recorded behaviors in each 3 minute block, and used heart rate (HR) sensors for collection of HR and HR variability parameters. Research personnel administering treats and analyzing behavioral data were blinded as to the treatments administered. Sarah explains that the results do not support CBD for pets has any impact on anxiety. However, CBD did not worsen the anxiety. So while it appears to not have the same anxiety soothing benefits on dogs as it does on humans, there still might be an experiment to perform with your dog to see if it helps. CBD For Pets With Epileptic Seizures Sarah says there have been a lot of interesting studies that show CBD can be extremely effective at reducing or eliminating seizures in humans. A 2019 study looked at how CBD for pets might impact dogs with Epilepsy who didn't respond to normal anticonvulsants. Researchers randomly assigned dogs to CBD or placebo group. The CBD group received CBD-infused oil (2.5 mg/kg [1.1 mg/lb], PO) twice daily for 12 weeks in addition to existing antiepileptic treatments. The placebo group received non-infused oil under the same conditions. Seizure activity, adverse effects, and plasma CBD concentrations were compared between groups. 2 dogs in the CBD group developed ataxia and were withdrawn from the study. After other exclusions, the analysis included 9 dogs in the CBD group and 7 in the placebo group. Dogs in the CBD group had a significant (median change, 33%) reduction in seizure frequency, compared with the placebo group. Dogs in the CBD group had a significant increase in serum alkaline phosphatase activity (liver "unhappiness"). Owners reported no adverse behavioral effects. Sarah sums up that although a significant reduction in seizure frequency was achieved for dogs in the CBD group, the proportion of responders was similar between groups. Given the correlation between plasma CBD concentration and seizure frequency, it warrants additional research to determine whether CBD's higher dosage would reduce seizure activity by ≥ 50%. Final Thoughts Sarah points out that almost all the studies took place in 2019 or 2020, save for one. (37:49) She adds that the science behind CBD for pets is still a very active area of research! All in all, the data on CBD for pain management in dogs is the most impressive. Stacy and Sarah remind listeners that, just like humans, doctor supervision is important! Talk to your vet first. Dose should be low, say 2mg/kg twice daily. Route of administration doesn’t really matter for long-term use, so Sarah recommends whichever method works best for you. Sarah also recommends regular blood work to check liver function every couple of months just in case! Because the science is so new, for the safety of yourself and your pets, it's critical to use a brand of CBD that's high-quality and regularly tested, such as One Farm. Stacy reminds listeners that they can use the code WHOLEVIEW for a 15% discount at checkout! She also revisits Sherry's question, telling her to give it a shot, but to be sure to talk with her vet as well. Stacy and Sarah invite you to join their Patreon family for bonus content and behind the scenes into what they really think about each show. Thank you listeners for joining us today and we will see you next week!
Tron Black, of Medici Ventures, joins Charlie Shrem on today’s episode of Untold Stories. Charlie and Tron discuss Ravencoin, growing organically, Bitcoin scams,ramifications of printing money,the early internet, early days of Bitcoin, peer 2 peer transactions,getting the dream job,launching shares on blockchain,working for T0,open source software, Overstock, and Medici Ventures. ––– Coingaming was formed when one Australian professional poker player, who knew first-hand the importance of fun, fast and fair gaming, met two Estonian tech whizzes who just so happened to be vanguards of Bitcoin. From there Coingaming’s ecosystem of brands and products evolved, breathing new life into the gaming industry. Now with 400+ people, Coingaming is behind some of the world’s most innovative crypto gaming brands and is on a mission to further awareness of cryptocurrencies across the globe. ––– This podcast is powered by BlockWorks Group. For exclusive content and events that provide insights into the crypto and blockchain space, visit them at https://blockworksgroup.io
Tron Black, of Medici Ventures, joins Charlie Shrem on today’s episode of Untold Stories. Charlie and Tron discuss Ravencoin, growing organically, Bitcoin scams,ramifications of printing money,the early internet, early days of Bitcoin, peer 2 peer transactions,getting the dream job,launching shares on blockchain,working for T0,open source software, Overstock, and Medici Ventures. ––– Coingaming was formed when one Australian professional poker player, who knew first-hand the importance of fun, fast and fair gaming, met two Estonian tech whizzes who just so happened to be vanguards of Bitcoin. From there Coingaming’s ecosystem of brands and products evolved, breathing new life into the gaming industry. Now with 400+ people, Coingaming is behind some of the world’s most innovative crypto gaming brands and is on a mission to further awareness of cryptocurrencies across the globe. ––– This podcast is powered by BlockWorks Group. For exclusive content and events that provide insights into the crypto and blockchain space, visit them at https://blockworksgroup.io
大家好，我是华泰柏瑞的田汉卿，很荣幸有这么一个机会参加雪球直播节的活动，和大家做一个线上的交流，这是我第三次和雪球的球友做交流，总体而言，雪球这边的球友非常专业，也非常擅长用指数和指数增强这类工具进行资产配置。前两次我们也谈到了资产配置，今天利用这个时间，换一个角度跟大家交流一下怎样在股票市场进行资产配置。今天坐在这儿，其实也是非常特别的时机，如果三天前坐在这儿讲的话，可能我们的素材是不一样的，这三天不知道大家是不是都注意到了，市场有一个很大的变化，上半年这个市场上主要是创业板，中小板这一块儿跑得比较好，比如说从指数的角度来讲，跑得最好的应该是创业板50指数，差不多上半年涨了42%点几的涨幅。上半年最差的，是红利指数，就是价值方面的，应该是负的11%左右，如果我记得没错的话。另外从行业的角度来讲，大家都知道，跑得最前面的基金应该是医疗基金，大部分都是行业基金，医疗这个行业指数本身上半年涨了将近40%，这是最好的行业，最差的行业跌幅10%左右，最好的行业，最差的行业差别差不多有50%左右。上半年是非常极端的行情，涨的主要是医疗、科技，科技方面我们叫TMT，就是通讯、媒体、科技股，另外还有就是消费，主要还是必选消费这一块儿涨得比较多，整个这三块去掉以后，其他板块就没怎么动，尤其是金融地产，还有一些建筑方面的，这些板块他的估值本来就已经很低了，在去年的时候已经很低了，今年继续不涨，估值显得更便宜了，但是上半年的时候没人买。过去三天，这个市场做了一个极速的大转弯，三天时间，我们看一下这个情况，从指数的角度来讲，这三天上证50是涨了7.38%，这是涨幅最高的，从主要的指数来讲，红利指数上半年涨幅最低，这三天他成了涨幅最高的指数。上半年涨幅最高的指数创成长50，这三天跌幅最大，跌幅最大也不算大，是1%，但是这两个一差，三天就差了百分之八点几，这是指数的角度。从行业的角度来看，这三天，大家猜一猜券商指数涨了多少？我准确地来看是14.64%，医疗行业，上半年的明星行业这三天跌了0.7%，所有行业里面表现最差的行业。所以这三天可以说是A股的股票市场实现了可以叫惊天大逆转，虽然从我的个性来讲不太喜欢用这个词，但是这三天确实发生了很大的变化，而且是非常急的变化。比如说有些股票，有些行业，你想买，你是买不到的，比如说一些地产股，要是一买，他涨停，像今天，很多券商股今天是涨停的，现在你想上车也上不去了，是这样的情况。这个角度来讲，在这种市场条件下，大家目前最想知道的一个问题，下半年我们怎样来配置股票市场，这个问题我们留着下面再回答。同时，很多球友有很多的基金，有的人在纠结我要不要把医疗基金卖了，赎回去加别的基金，有的人在纠结，现在这个时间我要不要追医疗基金，还是追别的，追金融、地产的基金，大家各自有各自的纠结。作为投资来讲，这是非常正常的，但是如果我们所有的时候都这么纠结，其实投资就不是一件那么愉快的事情。实际上我们可以通过一些方式，让投资变得不那么纠结，而且你也可以获得不错的投资回报，这个就是我今天想跟大家交流的，我们配置股票市场的时候，也是可以做一些，在股票市场内部做一些配置。首先，海外的机构，其实国内的很多机构目前也这样做了，他们在股票市场上是怎样做配置的？从我自己的角度来看，我来分析，主要有三条主线，海外机构投资人他们通常配置股票市场，如果是单一股票市场，这三条主线，第一是根据指数，宽低指数来进行配置的，他可以分大盘、中盘、小盘，落到A股市场，就可以看A50、沪深300、中证500、中证1000、创业板这些主要的指数，我们可以在这些指数的这条线上进行配置。配置的时候，一来可以选球友比较熟悉的被动的产品，比如说ETF，如果你可以承担离这些指数偏离一点的风险，我们就可以配这些指数增强类的基金。实际上我们分析下来，我们相信如果我们有增强能力，配一些增强基金，可以让您的投资回报好很多，下面我们再做一个分析，这是第一条线，第一条线也是大家比较熟悉的，也是我们下面会做进一步分析的。第二条线，我们国内的金融机构，比较熟悉的，还有我们的个人投资者也比较熟悉的，就是按行业进行配置，就像今天所说的，今年的行业差异也是非常极致，好的行业上半年涨40%，不好的要跌10%几，是这样的情况。我们可以在行业这条线上进行配置。除了大家熟悉的，比如说我们的一级行业以外，也可以做一些板块的，比如说大消费，还有一些主题类的，比如说5G、新能源汽车这些主题。我稍微说两句主题，主题是短期一组股票的表现，稍微专业一点来说，主题是介于因子影响，长期影响股价的因子之间的因素，我们叫他主题。通常他不会长期持续，但是他会在一定阶段存在，所以配置主题，不是一个长期的配置，因为主题总会变的，热点也会变的，这是做短期或者是中期的配置，是可以做的。第二条线，可以在行业、板块和主题这方面做一些配置。第三条线，国内应用目前还不太多，国外应用相对多一些，主要是一些机构投资人，他们按风格进行配置，这个风格包括大家熟悉的成长风格，估值风格，动量，低波这些，换一个角度说，我们叫他Smart Beta这方面进行配置，这方面在国内的A股市场还不是特别发达，因为Smart Beta产品还没有布置完毕，还有就是需求这边，我们的机构投资人还不是太习惯从这个角度进行配置，落到个人投资者，目前来讲还更不习惯用这个角度进行配置。所以目前国内两条线，一个是按照宽低指数，实际上是按市值规模，大中小盘加上创业板，另外一条是按行业板块和主题这个角度。如果我们能横跨，其实我们有些时候，如果我们自己不太会配的话，其实很多市场上的投资人选择一些他认为比较有能力的基金经理，让他们在这上面做一些选择，比如说选择大小市值，选择行业，这个任务交给了基金经理，前提是要识别这些基金经理他有这个能力，长期来讲，在这些方面进行配置。这样的话，咱们就省事了，咱们买一个基金，让基金经理来配，通常我们认为这些基金经理是全市场的，或者说是全能型的基金经理。市场上确实有一波这样比较优秀的基金经理，我们如果能有幸选到他们，也是非常不错的。像我们公司也有几位投资经理，他是全市场的，表现也是非常稳健的，大家有兴趣可以进一步再做一些研究。行业方面，除了我们可以配置这些行业ETF，或者是我们有一些行业分级，短期的，可能今年年底差不多要清理，我的理解如果没有错的话，行业方面，除了配置这些被动的行业基金以外，比如说也有一些主动管理的行业基金，比如说今年大家看到，上半年排名靠前的，基本上都是医疗基金，这些基金也是主动管理的，他可以在一定程度上超越这个行业指数，比如说上半年我们的医疗行业涨幅40%左右，最好的医疗行业基金可以有70%几，将近80%的回报，他可以在行业内部进行选股，超越行业的指数。我们公司在医疗行业这边也是非常强的，我们今年也有排名非常靠前的两个医疗基金。同时，还有一些不热门的行业，比如说金融地产，如果你坚持在这个行业上进行选股，今年上半年其实业绩是不怎么好的，应该是负的，整个指数都是负很多，负百分之十几，但是在过去三天，金融地产基金在这个市场里面表现是最强的，我们公司也有这方面的基金，基本上我们观察下来，在过去三天，今天的我还没有看到，应该也是差不多的，过去两天，每天都是4%左右的回报，就是从基金整体来讲，他也是超越所有的指数回报的，是这样的情况。所以我们说，可以从这几条线进行股票市场的配置，我们期望获得一个不错的投资回报，因为我们来投股票市场，比如说我们决定在您的所有的财富里面，分出多少钱来配到股票市场，您期望获得的收益是什么？大家想想，我们自己的钱，难道单纯为了追牛股，追牛基吗？我们能追得上吗？除了追牛股，现在上市的股票有3800多只，我们要选中那最牛的一只，这个可能性也是非常小的，市场上的基金有6000多只，可能现在都不止，有可能还要更多，我们要选那个最牛的基金也是非常难的。所以，如果咱们想把股票市场的参与作为真正的投资活动，就要考虑两个方面的因素，一个方面，我们要考虑回报，第二个方面，我们要考虑到你拿到比较好回报的概率，这就是通常我们所说的风险。也不能为了追这个牛股，追这个牛基，结果我们踩中的是那个最差的部分，这也是有可能的，所以这是有风险的。我们如果在管理风险的基础上，我们希望得到我们预期能得到的回报，这就是资产配置的角度来讲，首先应该拿到股票市场本身整体的回报，在这个基础上，我们希望能拿到比这个高一点的回报，我们投资股票市场的目的就达到了。今天我也是希望跟大家分享，我们希望把投资真正的做成投资这个活儿，而不是做成投机，或者是在股票市场进行赌博一类的投资行为，比如说我每天梦想抓到最好的股票，抓到最好的基金，这个概率是非常小的，跟赌博没有区别。我们真正要做投资的话，就要考虑风险，风险就是不确定性，不确定性，我们就不能把我们所有的钱放在一个地方，所以我们就要进行配置，最熟悉的，最简单的风险管理，不把鸡蛋放在一个篮子里，这个大家都是说得特别多的一个东西，从我们的角度来讲，进行这样一个资产配置。刚才我们简单说了一下从行业的角度进行配置，今天从我的角度，我最熟悉的还是从宽基这边进行配置，这个也是量化投资，进行产品布线的方向。如果大家比较熟悉，量化这边，因为我们是要追求一定的超额收益，我要在指数的基础上，希望拿一个比指数更高的回报，这样的话，您配在这个指数上，在一定的风险范围内，长期来讲，可以拿到比这个指数更高的回报，这是量化增强的概念。在这条线上，除了A50，我们认为增强做量化是没有优势的，因为他的股票数量很少，只有50只股票，如果你要增强，你不需要去研究3000多只股票来增强他，其实你主要是研究50几只，最多研究100只股票就可以做。所以我们说，做A50增强的话，量化是用不上的，你可以在做基本面的基础上进行一个增强。量化这边做的，主要是300指数的增强，300只股票你要研究透就比较难，就可以发挥我们量化的优势，可以覆盖很多很多的股票，在大概率上，能选一些股票打败这个指数，我们有300增强、500增强，500只股票就更难了，另外我们还有创业板指的增强，今年上半年的回报应该是30%几，我们有百分之六点几的超额收益，这样的话，我们上半年也拿到了42%左右的回报。这个情况在所有的基金里面，股票或者是混合里面，应该是在200多名左右，包括我们的医疗基金，抛掉医疗行业基金，我们大概应该是在100多名的范围。如果我们能跑赢这个指数，这个指数恰好在这一年也表现不错的话，你可以拿到一个很好的收益。但是，我们在年初的时候，能不能就知道，上半年一定是创业板表现好呢？实际上是非常难的，就像我们站在现在的角度预测下半年哪个指数表现最好一样，也是比较难的。在这种情况下，看未来一定是存在不确定性，这个不确定性我们怎么管理，可以做一些配置。我要算一下概率，如果我觉得，我预测一下，下半年大盘可能更好一些，其实我就可以在大盘这个方面多配一些，创业板小盘是不是不配了呢？也不一定，因为你不是100%确定下半年就是大盘的天下，万一他不是呢。所以从这个角度来看，如果我们长期能做这种资产配置，实际上如果你有一定的耐心，就可以获得不错的回报，这个实际上我个人也是这样来做的，因为我自己没有时间去管自己的钱，所以我也是简单把自己能投在股票市场的钱配置在这几个量化增强上，300增强配一些，500增强配一些，创业板增强配一些，是这样的情况，我基本上配在那儿，不怎么太动。但是，如果来得及的话，我们还是有一些基本判断的，比如说今年年初的时候，实际上我们那时候判断，因为大盘已经跑赢小盘，已经跑赢创业板很久了，从2015年股灾以后基本上就是这种情况，所以我们年初的时候判断小盘风格跑赢的概率是比较大的。所以那时候我们是建议投资人多配置一些中证500中盘的和创业板指，创业板的基金，需要多配，多配不代表你把你所有的钱都压在这上面，因为你可能会错的，所以从我个人的角度来讲，我基本上也是这样做的，因为你很难保证你的判断是完全准确的，这个角度来讲，我也建议咱们投资人，如果可以长期持有，哪怕是持有一年，也可以做一个配置，根据您自己的判断，一般来讲我们是基本配置，你的目标是要打败这个市场整体的，在基本配置的基础上可以做一点调整，比如说今年上半年，您预期创业板比较好，科技比较好，就可以这边多配一些，往这边移动一些。下半年的情况，如果您认为他会变的话，再做一个调整，这个调整其实也不会是大幅度的，比如说你把这个全部砍掉，全部勒到一个地方，也不是这样的情况。所以从我个人的建议来讲，我们可以在宽基这条线上，利用我们的指数基金，利用我们指数增强类的基金进行一些配置，这个也是雪球的球友比较熟悉的一个领域。下面我们再看一下大家最关心的问题，就是下半年的情况大概是什么样的情况。这三天的行情出来以后，实际上大家观点是产生分歧的，比如说有的人还是坚定地认为，上半年的行情会延续的话，我想经过这三天市场的演绎可能也会有所动摇。但是客观来讲，比如说您现在要是问我，这三天的行情是不是一个转折的起点，未来是不是行情完全不一样了，就按照三天来演绎。还是说未来的行情再回到上半年的趋势，这个问题是很难100%做一个回答的，从我个人判断来讲，有两种，或者是有三种可能性，第一种可能性，有可能今年7月份的行情，就像咱们过去经历2014年经历的行情有点类似，2014年，大家如果回去看一下，7月份也是一个价值跑赢成长的月份，上半年也是成长股表现特别好，但是7月份的时候，一些价值股，还有一些上半年跑得不太好的股票，7月份表现是不错的。但是，7月份补了补，到了8月份、9月份又回到了上半年的行情去了。今年这种情况也是有可能发生的，7月份有可能我们是一个反转的行情，前期跑得比较差的一些板块，金融、地产，还有建筑这些类型的，在7月份表现比较好，但是八九月份有可能回到上半年的行情延续的状态，这是有可能的。但是我们觉得大概率上来讲，如果八九月份回到上半年行情的话，四季度他再转回来的可能性是非常大的。所以，下半年我们认为或早或迟，这个风格转化是要实现的，如果三季度不实现的话，四季度实现的概率就非常大，这是我个人的判断。这是第一种可能性。第二种可能性，一种比较极端的情况，从现在就开始切，下半年整体的行情，跟上半年是没有什么关系的，是一个反着的，这种也是有可能的，因为这三天的行情是非常强的，比如说今天，很多券商股票我们是买不到的，因为他全部涨停了，这三天表现真的特别强，也是有这种可能性的。但是我是觉得，未来半年，全部做这种切换的可能性也不是特别大，因为我们还有其他的一些因素，也有可能会影响市场，比如说我们上半年发行的一些公募基金，他们基本上是成长风格的，或者是科技，或者是消费这些风格，他们要建仓的话，对市场还是有一定的推动作用。另外，我们7月份的时候，会有创业板的一些IPO，这些板块的热度有可能还会回来一些。还有就是二季度的时候，盈利情况对股价也会有一些影响，盈利情况，二季度应该是医疗、消费这一块儿，他们引领增长的幅度还是比较大的，比如说有些板块盈利还是下滑的，这也是一个影响因素，从这几个方面来判断，我们觉得从7月份，从现在下半年整体全部切换到低估值的，金融地产这些板块的概率，不是那么高，中间有反复，所以我们判断第一种可能性是比较大一些的。第三种可能性，我们认为可能性也是少一些的，在短暂的反转之后，再延续上半年的行情，这样的话，这些板块，有些板块就有可能走向局部泡沫化的情况。因为当前来讲，经过上半年的上涨，很多板块他的估值已经是极端高了，如果从基本面的角度来看，几乎是没有办法下手去买这些股票的，因为无论你将来的可能性有多大，目前来看，这个股票都是非常非常贵的，他的估值已经严重超越了正常应该有的估值水平。所以如果这种行情再继续演绎，他就会泡沫化的更加严重，目前只能说有一点泡泡，泡沫还不是那么的严重，如果下半年还继续演绎这种行情，有可能把这些板块推向一个非常高的泡沫化的状态。所以，我们判断，还是回到刚才的话，三种可能性都有，但是我们认为第一种可能性更大一些。前面两种情况，都支持一个结论，我们下半年要逐步做一些切换，切换并不是说你局部靠着一个方面去，我们可以减少一些上半年涨幅比较高的持仓，增加一些上半年涨幅比较低的，但是基本面也比较好的仓位，这个节奏上，每个人可以都不一样的，我们可以把有一些估值比较高的，涨幅比较高的，可以减一些，实现一些收益，也是落袋为安。同时，逐步增加其他一些板块的配置，节奏上大家可以自己掌握，因为这个谁都不可能准确地来判断这个市场的节奏，这是我们对于下半年整体风格的判断，当然这个是有风险的，因为我们严格意义上来讲，我个人来说，从专业的角度，我们是做量化选股策略的，我们不做择时，也不做这种行业轮动，风格轮动。但是，我们在投资的过程当中，多了一些自己作为参与者的理解，今天就跟大家分享一下，这个判断都是有一定风险的。另外一个角度，我们想最后聊一点，现在我们的指数，上证指数，咱们终于站上了3100多点，这也是比较难得的，2019年站上去以后，很快就下来了，在这个点位上，某些板块也确实估值比较贵了，我们是不是还能够配置股票市场？从我自己的角度来讲，我们认为尽管某些板块现在估值非常高，但是市场作为整体来讲，估值还相对比较合理，主要我们要看一些大盘的板块，沪深300的PE值现在也就是13倍左右，上证50的PE值就更低了，另外，很多银行的PB都是在1倍以下，1倍以下的银行估值不可能长期存在的，所以他一定会做修复的，如果我们看更长时间的市场表现，我们认为他一定是这样的，他不可能长期待在PB1倍以下的估值水平上。所以从这个角度来讲，我们认为整体来看，这个市场的估值并没有说高到很高，从长期来讲，我们做股票市场的配置还是非常有价值的，如果我们从三年、五年的角度来看，未来的确定性还是比较高的，这个确定性就是我们可以赚到钱的确定性，而且收益不会特别差的情况，这是从整体来讲。从结构上来讲，其实我们刚才的前一部分，主要是在讲结构的问题，我们总体的观点，太拥挤的地方就不能再去了，就不能再追了，你要追进去的话，可能得到的收益，短期能得到一定的收益，但是很可能来不及出来，他就下来了，有这种可能性。或者说，他不下来，但是相对其他板块来讲，他的涨幅没有别的板块高，所以我们就说，从这个角度来看，拥挤的地方就不要去了，拥挤的地方，大家可以自己去做判断，拥挤的地方不去，那去哪儿呢？从我们自己专业的角度来看，我们还是建议大家按您原来的配置主线去做配置，比如说，我们是按照宽基的角度来配的，上半年您配了更多的小盘和创业板，科技类的，您获得了不错的收益，下半年我们建议您做适当的调整，增加大盘的配置，适当减少小盘方面的配置，这是我们的一个建议，从我们的角度跟大家做一个交流。最后一条，我们再稍微强调一下，因为我们自己，尽管我们在股票市场专业做这个，但是我们自己也是参与股票市场的个体，我们有家人，他们也要投股票市场，从这个角度来讲，作为朋友，或者是作为家人，我们能给的建议是什么呢？我们是希望大家能养成这种资产配置的习惯，一定不要把您的钱放在一个地方。另外，我们不要去总是想着，我们能抓到牛股，抓到牛基，这样的话，是不现实的，如果您只是把股票市场作为类似赌博的地方玩一玩，那还是可以的，如果您真的要把您的财富配置到这个市场里面来的话，那么我们建议是一定要做一个配置，不要把您的钱压在一个地方，希望能用一个更科学的方法来获得一个比较不错的收益，用稍微专业一点的，要考虑风险的情况下来获得您想获得的收益，这是我想给大家的一个建议。今天的分享部分，我就先说这么多，看看大家有什么问题，我们再交流一下，感谢大家。我这里拿到几个问题，第一个问题，其实我们刚才已经讲到了，医疗的股票还能不能买，或者是医疗类型的基金还能不能买？其实今天晚上我们的交流也基本上回答了这个问题，医疗，我是觉得从估值上来讲，已经是非常高了，当然这个高估值是有他的背景的，因为今年总体来讲，我们是在疫情之下，因为疫情也暴露了我们在医疗方面一些欠缺的地方，整体经济在医疗方面是有欠缺的，未来也会增加投资。从这个角度来讲，上半年做这个演绎我们觉得也是合理的。但是未来能不能买，长期来讲，如果您拉长三年、五年，我们觉得也还是可以的，因为它毕竟是未来发展的方向。但是如果你要看未来六个月，我建议还是谨慎一些，如果你要配置的话，也少配置一些。另外，如果像我们刚才分析的，下半年的第一种情形，7月份，我们先暂时做一个反转，比如说医疗歇一歇，其他板块涨一涨，八九月份，医疗可能再回来，受二季度盈利的影响，可能再回来，也是有可能的。所以短期，也有可能再赚一些钱，但是这个钱赚起来的风险是比较大的，不能说我准备一直拿着，跌了我还拿着。如果你这么配置，进去了，如果赚了钱，我希望从个人的角度来说，能及时止盈，这是我的一个建议。等他未来有所调整，他的估值调到稍微合理一些的区间您再进行配置，这是我个人短期的建议。但是这也只是基于我个人的理解，这也是有风险的。第二个问题是对应的，现在可不可以直接买沪深300？刚才我们所说的，分析下半年的情况，从长期来看肯定可以，沪深300现在的估值还是比较合理的，13倍的PE，基本上历史上的估值水平还是在均值以下的范围。如果你要从三年、五年来看，直接拿这个，或者是更好一点是拿一个指数增强的话，是没有问题的，这是稍微长期一点看。从下半年看，我们刚才也分析了，如果第一种情形发生，7月份补一补，八九月份收一收，四季度再转过来，我们就建议在三季度可以增加一些沪深300ETF，或者是更好一点，沪深300指数增强的配置，这是可以的，这是从短期的角度。当然这个，我们判断只是概率比较大，正确的概率大一点，不可能有100%的判断，我们自己也不敢做这个判断。第三个问题，能不能简单介绍一下我们量化的团队和产品。我是2012年到这个公司来得，之前大家可能知道一点，我是做亚洲市场选股的策略，回来以后，2012年到这个公司，搭了这么一个框架，目前我们团队差不多只做量化投研这边的有16个人，8个人是做投资的，一半是专门做研究的，因为做投资管理要做很多运营方面，看市场，做股票方面，行业方面的研究，不可能全身心投入到因子的研究里面去，所以目前我们把这个团队分成两个小组，这些研究可以专心做模型的研究，投资他需要关注市场的一些基本面的变化，包括宏观的，包括行业的基本面的情况。根据这些研究，有时候需要校验一下我们的模型，有时候信息模型抓不到，可以通过人工研究进行弥补。产品方面，我们经过这七年多的发展，基本上主动量化，或者是量化指数增强这边的布线基本上完成了，所以我们这边有300增强的策略，有三只基金分别在不同的托管行，中证500增强，就是中盘风格的有两只基金，创业板指增强的，就是成长风格的，有一只基金，另外我们也有Max α（音），是不设基准的，希望选我们认为比较好的股票，长期来讲，这个策略还是不错的，但是前面两年，这个市场风格是比较差的年份，未来我们觉得这个基金还是有所希望，能有所表现的。另外一个，如果大家不愿意承担股票市场的波动风险，大家才可以考虑，把这个股票风险，市场风险对冲掉，就是我们的绝对收益产品。绝对收益产品，他是一个类固收的产品，所以他没有股票市场本身的涨幅这样的暴露，所以如果您的钱是要配在股票市场获得股票市场回报的话，就不用配绝对收益的产品，当然如果熊市的情况下，您觉得市场回报会是负的，可以躲一躲，可以躲到这个产品里面来。从量化产品的布线来讲，就是给雪球球友这类投资人提供配置的工具，以后我们也希望更多的跟大家分享一下，我们自己的观点，我们的观点不一定是对的，就是我们的理解，我们的理解就是在主动量化，量化指数增强之间进行配置的理解，以前我们是希望把这个配置决策完全交给投资人，现在经过几年的投资，我们发现其实在有些市场情况下，你是可以做一个判断，可以判断这一段时间，下一段时间，哪个可以表现得更好一些，这是可以判断的，当然有时候是没有办法判断的，没有办法判断，我们就每一类产品都配一点，比如说我们判断不了大盘风格、中盘风格、创业板风格，我们就都配一点，如果你有一个比较好的判断，您感觉比较确定，可以做一个调整，比如说判断成长风格更好的时候，就多配一些创业板，判断大盘风格更好的时候，可以配一点大盘，所以我们的产品布线基本是这样的。我们的产品一旦他的风格确定了，他不会漂移，未来他一定是这种风格的，300增强，一定是在300的指数上有一个跟踪误差的限制，基本上可以预期未来收益的，所以是可以用来做配置工具的，长期他的风险收益特征是稳定的。下面一个问题，介绍一下量化投资的逻辑，这个问题问得非常好，我们觉得投资逻辑是非常重要的，决定了整个投资策略的风格。量化的投资逻辑，我们之前跟大家交流过，这种量化是基于基本面的量化，主要是把基本面信息量化了以后，根据这些信息进行投资的。所以重点还是落在基本面上，这个是我们跟其他的一些，比如说基于算法的量化完全不同的，比如说高频交易，短期交易，比如说T0策略，隔日的交易，这种是短期策略，我们跟这类策略是完全不一样的，我们是有持有期的，差不多4-6个月，所以我们看的信息，大部分信息是基本面信息，所以我们说我们是基于基本面的量化。基本面信息主要是什么呢？基本面逻辑是什么呢？基本面这边，我们用得最多的信息，一是看这些股票的成长性，二是看估值，其实他背后的一个大的逻辑，我们要选这些估值比较合理的，有成长性的股票来持有，所以他的基本逻辑，如果你要反映到基本面上的话，就是有合理估值的成长，我们喜欢这样的股票。当然，我们看成长，不光是看他盈利成长了多少百分比，其实我们是希望看没有被市场价格反映的一些成长，未来才可能会给你带来超额收益，如果他这个成长性已经反映在价格里，或者说过度反映在价格里面了，即使他的成长比较高，100%的成长，盈利增长的话，未来如果已经反映到价格里面，未来你也拿不到超额收益的。所以我们来看成长，有我们的角度和我们的方法。另外，在这个基础上，我们要看盈利的成长，还有根据盈利的估值是不是合理。首先，这个盈利是要可靠的，是未来可以持续的，所以我们要看一下，这个盈利质量怎么样，质量好的话，未来盈利是可以持续的。比如说现在盈利是十个亿，未来也是十个亿以上的，并不是说今年这十个亿是你卖资产得来的，一次性的，卖资产得来的，明年没得卖了，就拿不到这个收益，这个收益我们认为是一次性的收益，就不是可持续的收益，所以我们要从这个角度看一下他的盈利质量，盈利是不是未来能持续，这是一个方面，也是属于基本面的。在这个基础上，我们还是要看市场动量，动量反映投资人的行为，投资人的喜好，毕竟他也是影响价格的，所以我们也要看一些市场的信号，这样的话，帮助你来更好地判断这些股票未来超额收益的情况。同时我们也要看一些事件，有一些事件，他对股价也是有影响的，我们也看事件对这些股价影响的因子。另外，最近几年我们也开始研究一些，我们叫他另类的数据的信号，比如说咱们所有的新闻媒体，关于上市公司的信息，以及卖方分析员盈利预期，数字方面的东西都已经在数据库里面有所表现，有所捕捉了，但是他的文字表述，比如说带有情感的，带有他的判断的东西，我们原来的数据是没有的，现在我们也可以把他加到我们的模型里面来。所以总体，我们背后的投资逻辑主要是基于基本面信息的这样一些投资逻辑。当然你要换一个角度来看，说得稍微专业一点，因为我们的持有期是4-6个月，实际上我们做的回撤研究，主要是要看市场上投资人作为整体，他在4-6个月时间区间里面，怎样对基本面信息做反应，所以他背后最大的逻辑还是行为金融学的概念。如果投资人不反映这些基本面信息，这段时间，你要拿超额数据是比较困难的。所以我说我们的量化增强也好，或者说主动量化也好，因为现在目前其实我们市场上所有的自主增强都是主动量化，因为我们的跟踪误差都是比较高的，绝大部分高于3%的跟踪误差，从这个意义上来理解，在海外都应该主动量化，指数增强在国外也就是2%以内的误差，这还是要看根本的行为金融学。如果是2018年的时间，投资人基本上不看基本面了，这是什么概念呢？比如说这个股票的盈利，上市公司盈利增长很快，可是大家觉得2019年肯定他是没有盈利的，说不定2019年这个公司不存在了，比如说我们打贸易战，整个供应链断了，他可能就不行了，出口也出不了了，2018年的情况，公司有比较好的盈利，股价根本就不反映。所以在这种情况下，我们的这种投资逻辑，就是属于小年，或者是差年，就不太好发挥。这个时候，你就可以收敛风险暴露，等待你的投资人开始表现的时候，反映的时候，你再来获得更高的超额收益。今年这种情况，我们大概率判断下来，年初的时候，我们做了这样一个判断，我们觉得今年基本上是风险偏好回归，基本面回归的市场，投资人基本上他的风险偏好回归正常了，不像2018年、2019年那样，一会儿风险偏好特别高，一会儿风险偏好特别低是这样的情况，今年基本上风险偏好比较正常，尽管我们有疫情的影响，还是一个正常的风险偏好。另一方面，今年不论我们怎么样来炒作这些板块，怎样来炒作一些概念，但是今年的主线，市场还是看盈利的，比如说不论哪个板块，只要你这个上市公司盈利增长情况比较好，其实市场都能够发觉出来。从这一点来讲，今年是一个基本面回归，所以从这两个方面加起来，我们觉得今年，比如说像我们这类策略，看基本面的量化，我们的超额收益应该是恢复到比较正常的区间的年份。这个我就简单介绍一下我们量化的投资逻辑，大家也不见得所有人都要去，能完全理解，大概齐了解一下就可以了。下面一个问题，绝对收益基金下半年是不是可以配置？从资产配置的角度，单纯问一个产品，实际上是很难回答的，你配不配这个基金，取决于两个方面。第一个方面，是你对市场的判断，第二个方面，是您自己的资产配置，你的篮子是什么样子的，你的风险偏好是什么样子的。绝对收益这种基金，我刚才说了，他就有点类似于固收的产品，实际上按说他比固收的风险还是要更加不一样一些，因为固收有些年份的风险可以是很大的。绝对收益这种产品，基本上我们认为他预期收益是6%左右，或者是6-12%的区间，预期的风险基本上也是6%的波动率，他涨也会涨不到天上，跌也不会跌得特别多，市场涨他不一定涨，市场跌的话，他也不一定跌，他有自己比较独立的风险收益特征。这个产品在什么情况下可以配置呢？就是我刚刚说的，第一，您判断下半年整个市场的Beta都是负的，就是熊市，熊市的情况下，你不想有负回报，可以配置一下绝对收益的产品，比如说股票市场的参与者来说，这是一种可能性。 还有一种形成，您的资产里面，有一些已经投到股市里面去，比如说投了一些指数增强类的产品，或者是投了一些行业基金，他本身对这个股票市场的波动已经有了暴露了，您不希望有更多的暴露，您希望有一个产品的收益比较稳定一些，给的收益也不错，比如说银行存款，银行理财要高一些的回报，但是比较稳健的，相对来说比较稳健，不保本的。如果是这种情况的话，您也可以配置一部分这样的产品。 另外，比如说咱们的一些高净值的客户，他的资产是比较多的，他又不想这个资产有很大的风险暴露，同时希望回报比银行理财高一点，这类投资人，也可以买一些绝对收益基金，但是买这个基金的话，下半年股票市场涨了，您这个也不可能随着股票市场涨那么多，所以要做好这个预期。这个产品是比较独特的，他有他适合的投资人，不是所有的人都要买这个。比如说您作为一个投资人来讲，您在股市上没有太多的暴露，没买太多的股票，也没买太多的股票基金，同时你有一部分钱是不用的，未来三年、五年这部分钱不会用到，但是你又希望能获得比较高的收益，如果是这种类型的话，我就不建议您配这个产品，您就要去拿一个Beta暴露，比如说3.5年，大概率上讲，300增强、500增强还是有不错表现的，可以做这个配置。比如说您觉得来创业板，科技类的股票也会有不错表现的话，也可以配一部分，拿一个Beta暴露，这是比较合适的，因为之前，其实大概两年前还是什么时候，我记得我们有一只绝对收益产品打开的时候，当时因为市场比较低迷，这个产品打开的时候，大家一下觉得比较热乎，我们公司同事介绍一个朋友，他说他也要买这个，因为买不到，看看能不能帮他买一点。我就问了他的情况，他这个钱也不用，他有比较高的风险承受能力，我当时就建议可以配带Beta的产品，所以要根据每个人的情况做一个判断，所以背后的原则还是今天晚上我们分享的，您要对自己的这样一个财富做一个配置，不要拿过高的风险，但是也不要拿过低的风险。 下一个问题，问的是金融地产现在是不是可以配？其实今天我们都已经分享，都已经讲到这个问题了，从我个人的建议，这是有风险的，我个人认为，金融地产这个板块，在上半年的情况下，所有的投资人是高度低配的，包括机构，包括公募基金，包括个人，大家都没有配这个金融地产的，是低配的，严重低配。在这种情况下，我们基本判断下半年大概率上，不管是三季度，还是四季度，都有可能切换到这种低估值的板块上来，所以从这个角度来讲，我建议大家可以增加一部分这样的配置，当然不建议你把所有的钱都压到这一块儿上去，但是您可以增加一些，买一些这样的股票也好，这样的基金也好，可以增加配置。我们公司有这类产品，他坚持在那儿，坚持得很苦，但是我个人特别佩服他的勇气，因为他就是这类基金，他在艰苦的时候一定要挺过去，将来轮到他的时候，大家才可以放心大胆的来配置他。大家如果要进一步了解情况的话，可以跟我们同事联系，我刚才说的这几个基金，过去两天，今天也是差不多，也是4%左右的收益，过去两天都是4%左右的收益，有一个基金两天都是4%，有一个是3.5%以上的，大家可以看一下，我个人建议，还是可以增加一些配置，因为现在全市场都是严重低配这个板块的。而且他现在确实很便宜，比如说像银行这种，很多银行是0.5%以下的PB，不可能永远这样的，银行是不会倒闭的，而且他的盈利还有10%以上的增长，所以这种估值都是太便宜了，只是我们投资就像选美一样，上半年的时候，大家眼里的美女全部在医疗、消费、科技这方面，这些股票大家都觉得非常不好，没有人看，但是下半年的时候，我觉得会不一样，大家会回过头来看这些股票，其实本身也是很美的。基本上今天时间也差不多了，我们今天分享也差不多就是这么多，非常感谢大家花时间来参加这个线上的分享，也欢迎大家以后有问题可以随时交流，感谢大家，祝大家周末愉快。
Advanced Bioinformatic Analysis & Machine Learning Tools on Plasma Proteomics with Professor Yuval Shaked, co-founder and chief scientific advisor at OncoHost. Clinical Study Investigates The Potential Of Host Response Characterization For Predicting Outcomes In Immunotherapy-Treated Melanoma Patients OncoHost, global leader in host response profiling for improved personalized cancer therapy, announced today that its abstract on the use of advanced bioinformatic analysis and machine learning tools on plasma proteomics in order to predict outcomes of immunotherapy-treated melanoma patients was accepted for the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 2020 Virtual Poster Discussion Session. The study is in collaboration with the Technion Institute of Technology, the University of Connecticut and Yale University School of Medicine and Cancer Center. “As immunotherapy becomes increasingly common as the standard of care for advanced melanoma, the unfortunate reality is that while the treatment is effective, only a small portion of patients benefit from this treatment modality,” said Professor Yuval Shaked, co-founder and chief scientific advisor at OncoHost, and professor of Cell Biology and Cancer Science at Technion – Israel Institute of Technology. “Our study demonstrates that mechanisms of resistance to immunotherapy are directly correlated with host response to treatment. By analyzing host response profile and deriver proteins contributing to resistance, oncologists may be able to harness host response to better predict clinical outcomes and suggest optimal combination treatment with immunotherapy. This represents a significant step forward for precision oncology and personalized cancer care.” The abstract titled “A proteomic biomarker discovery platform for predicting clinical benefit of immunotherapy in advanced melanoma” (Abstract 10037) revealed that the advanced bioinformatic analysis and host response identification, characterization and analysis of proteomic data can help profile host response protein signature to predict patient outcomes. The study, conducted by use of OncoHost’s machine learning algorithm, identified a 10-protein signature based on plasma samples collected pre- (T0) and early-on (T1) treatment from a cohort of advanced melanoma patients. ASCO’s annual meeting is taking place from May 29-June 2 online due to COVID-19. About OncoHost OncoHost combines life-science research and advanced machine learning technology to develop personalized strategies to maximize the success of cancer therapy. Utilizing proprietary proteomic analysis, the company aims to understand patients’ unique response to therapy and overcome one of the major obstacles in clinical oncology today – resistance to therapy. OncoHost’s Host Response Profiling platform (PROphet) analyzes proteomic changes in blood samples to monitor the dynamics of biological processes induced by the patient (i.e., the host) in response to a given cancer therapy. This proteomic profile is highly predictive of individual patient outcome, thus enabling personalized treatment planning. PROphet also identifies potential drug targets, advancing the development of novel therapeutic strategies as well as rationally based combination therapies. For more information, visit http://www.oncohost.com. Follow OncoHost on LinkedIn. This episode is sponsored by the University of California Irvine, UCI, Master of Science in Pharmacology, learn more: https://sites.uci.edu/mspharmacology/
ASCO Daily News: Welcome to the ASCO Daily News podcast. I'm Lauren Davis. And joining me today is Dr. Heath Skinner, an Associate Professor at the UPMC Hillman Cancer Center specializing in the study and treatment of head and neck cancer. Dr. Skinner maintains an active translational research lab focused upon identifying novel clinically targetable biomarkers of resistance to radiation. Dr. Skinner, welcome to the podcast. Dr. Heath Skinner: Thanks so much for having me. ASCO Daily News: We're glad you're here. Today we're talking about ways to improve the patient experience when they're undergoing radiation. One of the ways we want to help patients is to reduce toxicities. So what are some ways to reduce toxicities while maintaining cure rates? Dr. Heath Skinner: So generally speaking, the side effects due to radiation are largely due to organs that don't actually have cancer cells in them receiving radiation. Unfortunately, there's no way, at least at this point, to actually make radiation appear just in the area of tumor and nowhere else nearby. Dr. Heath Skinner: However, over the course of several decades, the field has really progressed and utilizing a number of different strategies to try to minimize the amount of radiation going to areas that don't need treatment. Broadly speaking, over that amount of time, we've honed our ability to do that via a few different ways. Dr. Heath Skinner: Firstly, over the course, again, of several decades, we've actually progressed from back many decades ago we were actually planning radiation by drawing it on a piece of paper. Nowadays we actually use a combination of CAT scans as well as what we call motion management. For example, if I'm treating a tumor in the lung, what I will do is a series of CAT scans to try to visualize that tumor throughout breathing, throughout respiratory motion. Dr. Heath Skinner: And then I can utilize that advanced imaging to only treat the tumor and to try to minimize the areas of uncertainty of treatment by using that for DCT or four-dimensional CAT scan. Moreover, same thing with the lung. To try to minimize tumor motion and minimize the area of normal lung that receives treatment, I can even do breath hold treatment for example, only treating the tumor when the patient is actually holding their breath, again, trying to minimize the area of normal lung that's receiving radiation. Dr. Heath Skinner: Moreover, not only have we advanced in regards to visualizing the tumor and visualizing our treatment plan, we've actually progressed in the types of radiation that are given. Starting way back, just doing one field, one beam of radiation, then to several beams of radiation, to more recently utilizing what we call intensity modulated radiation. That's many beams of radiation or even an arc of radiation that is constantly modulated [INAUDIBLE] intensity based upon the planning that's done by the physician. Again, with the goal of trying to minimize dose of radiation going to normal tissues. Dr. Heath Skinner: And finally, every day we've gone from, again, a long time ago utilizing just x-rays to visualize that the patient was largely in the right position every day for radiation, all the way to now doing daily image guidance using a combination of CAT scans and even MRI to try to make certain that the tumor is in the exact right position every day for treatment. Now that's basically technology. Dr. Heath Skinner: Secondarily, we've tried to develop novel drugs to do one of two things, either to protect normal tissues in combination with radiation or try to make radiation work better to sensitize tumor's radiation but not sensitize normal tissues. So unfortunately, heretofore the only drug that we've really had any kind of positive clinical trial data for is a drug called [INAUDIBLE]. But unfortunately, that drug is not commonly given with radiation because of a few key issues. Dr. Heath Skinner: Firstly, it does have a significant side effect profile in and of itself. And secondarily, the logistics of its delivery are quite difficult. Although that's an ongoing research in that field, we really don't have much in the way of FDA approved radiation mitigators in that sense. Dr. Heath Skinner: The second part is, can we give a drug that makes tumor more sensitive to radiation while sparing normal tissue. And again, research in that field is ongoing including work in my own lab. However, it's somewhat stalled. Right now, what we do is give cytotoxic chemotherapy with radiation. However, that increases toxicity. Dr. Heath Skinner: So the question being is, are there biologically or oncology drugs that we can give with radiation to try to widen this gap between making the tumor sensitive and not making the normal tissue sensitive to radiation. But again, that's kind of a work in progress at this point. ASCO Daily News: It sounds like there is a lot of promising things going on in research. So I'm curious, are there clinical trials that have findings in dose de-escalation that look promising? Dr. Heath Skinner: So that's a great question. So in my specialty in head and neck cancer, one of the biggest questions right now is how do we treat head and neck cancer that's related to human papillomavirus or HPV. So this type of head and neck cancer is indeed on the rise. Fortunately, outcomes following treatment of HPV-related head and neck cancer are very good compared to HPV negative head and neck cancer, primarily due to how sensitive this cancer is to both radiation and chemotherapy. Dr. Heath Skinner: However, just like any form of radiation anywhere in the body, there are significant side effects both during treatment and, probably more importantly, after treatment. And unfortunately, many of these side effects can persist lifelong. Even with some of the modalities and some of the imaging and all of those things that I described to you previously, we still do have significant side effects due to radiation. Dr. Heath Skinner: So because we know this type of tumor is sensitive to radiation and chemotherapy, there are multiple different lines of thought as to how we can maintain the current good outcome while improving toxicity. So one of the first strategies investigated in regards to randomized clinical trials using cetuximab, which is a biologic agent. It was an EGFR antibody combined with radiation. Dr. Heath Skinner: There was some older data showing that there were improved outcomes comparing radiation versus radiation plus cetuximab. So there were two clinical trials that followed up on this finding, [? RG21016 ?] and De-ESCALATE. Both of these trials compared radiation plus cetuximab versus platinum-based chemotherapy plus radiation. Dr. Heath Skinner: Unfortunately, both trials showed remarkably similar results. Firstly, there was no real difference in toxicity. Using cetuximab versus platinum really did not improve toxicity to any great degree. But more importantly, in both trials there was consistent detriment in survival outcomes. So cetuximab, at least at this point, doesn't really offer an excellent avenue for toxicity mitigation in these patients. Dr. Heath Skinner: So another trial, kind of using a slightly different approach, that was just read out actually this year was HN-002, which was basically comparing two experimental arms both of which used 60 gray, which is a lower total dose of radiation than what is used commonly. One arm had radiation alone delivered six days a week as a mild kind of intensification, because typically we only deliver it five days a week. Dr. Heath Skinner: The other arm was 60 gray delivered five days a week combined with weekly cisplatin. However, at the analysis, as it presented, basically only the combined therapy approach met the predetermined progression-free survival endpoint. Now this was a very impressive 90.5% estimated two-year progression-free survival. But again, that was only in the platinum plus radiation dose de-escalated radiation approach. So at this point, I think that this approach will likely be examined in a larger randomized trial setting. Dr. Heath Skinner: However, reduced dose radiation is certainly not the only means being investigated to de-intensify therapy. Another approach is the use of Transoral Robotic Surgery or TORS. So this approach allows for the oncological resection of tonsillar and base of tongue primary tumors in a way far less morbid than open approaches. Dr. Heath Skinner: Historically, to try to do surgery in the tonsil or base of tongue, it was very morbid. It was very difficult to do an open procedure in such a small area. However, with the advent of transoral robotic surgery, this has mitigated that morbidity to a great degree. Dr. Heath Skinner: So the largest trial to date to integrate TORS into a de-escalation approach in HIV positive head and neck cancer was ECOG 3311 which took a risk adapted approach to adjuvant therapy in this setting. Basically, the surgery was done on these patients with tonsil invasive tongue tumors. And the specimens were examined by a pathologist. And then based upon that examination, the patient was stratified into four arms with basically escalating therapy ranging from observation in the lowest risk patients all the way up to adjuvant chemoradiation in those patients with very adverse pathologic features, for example, extranodal extension. Dr. Heath Skinner: Now we don't have the actual outcomes of this trial available. It's not been reported as yet. However, we do know that about 30% of patients were in the adjuvant chemoradiation arm. Which is to say for those 30 patients, they actually had three different forms of therapy-- surgery, followed by post-operative chemotherapy, and radiation. So that's not really, at least for that group of patients, a therapeutic de-intensification. However, we do need to see the final outcomes data for this trial particularly for those patients not in that arm. Dr. Heath Skinner: Now there was a similar trial called PATHOS or Post-operative Adjuvant Treatment for HPV-positive tumors which largely asked the same question. However, again, there are many different ways and different avenues this is being approached. Those were the ones probably furthest along. Dr. Heath Skinner: However, there have been multiple additional single arm trials examining approaches like this. One recent trial that caught my eye was actually by Dr. [INAUDIBLE] and colleagues. It was published, I believe, this past year in the JCO. But what they did was they did TORS, transoral robotic surgery, followed by radiation only to 30 to 36 gray. So this is less than half the dose of what is commonly given today, at least in the definitive setting. Dr. Heath Skinner: And this is delivered at 1.5 to 1.8 gray per day with concurrent docetaxel, which again is a chemotherapeutic agent we don't typically use in this setting. Now there were excellent toxicity outcomes following this regiment with good survival outcomes as well in the single arm Phase II trial. Although it does bear pointing out that about 80% of these patients had T1, T2 disease, so very kind of smallish tumors. And moreover, there were 10 patients who had a low [INAUDIBLE] recurrence in that trial. Nine of those patients actually had extracapsular extension in the lymph nodes and were in the higher dose cohort. Dr. Heath Skinner: And finally, another approach is actually inducting chemotherapy for cytoreduction. I think in regards to randomized trial data, there is at least one randomized trial that has looked at that approach, basically to cytoreduce the patient with the hopes that if there is a good response to chemotherapy, that decreased dose of radiation can be given. However again, I think this is investigational approach. ASCO Daily News: That's great. Sounds very promising. So we know that the staging system has changed for head and neck cancer. What do clinicians need to know about this? Dr. Heath Skinner: So recently the head and neck staging system has actually and significantly changed. And this is largely based on a few key questions. The biggest of which is really how do we get a handle on HPV positive disease. But before we delve into, I do want to say the treatment of a particular patient has not changed. Even though their stage at presentation may have changed, their treatment for that patient has not. So just because the patient is stage one in the new staging system for an HIV positive patient does not mean that they shouldn't get chemoradiation. The treatment has not changed for patients of a given old stage versus a new stage. The treatment has not changed. Dr. Heath Skinner: What has been done is to try to make the staging system more in line with prognosis. So that aside, so what are the big things? Firstly, HPV positive versus HPV negative oropharynx, this is a really big change in the staging of HPV positive disease. And it's actually been quite simplified, for lack of a better term, particularly in the nodal stage. Dr. Heath Skinner: So with HPV positive disease, basically you have N1, N2, N3 disease. And that's it. So if you have one or more ipsilateral lymph nodes, none larger than 6 centimeter, that patient is now N1, where historically that could have been N2b. Bilateral lymph nodes will buy you stage two. And if any lymph node is larger than 6 centimeter, that's N2. And that is the HPV staging system for oropharynx for the lymph nodes. Dr. Heath Skinner: For HPV negative nodal staging, it's actually changed based upon extranodal or extracaosular extension. And that has been taken into account, which is a good thing because we know that extracapsular extension really does affect outcome. So ECE is now in the staging system where it hadn't been previously. And I think that's probably the biggest addition, the differential between HPV positive and HPV negative disease and the addition of extracapsular extension. Dr. Heath Skinner: Other changes, there have been some minor changes to the tumor staging within nasopharynx to try to simplify things a little bit as well as the exact delineation of nodal stage within nasopharynx. And finally, there is a separate staging classification for unknown primary head and neck cancer which is a significant clinical ideology. And that's largely saying the patient will be T0. And the nodal staging will be based upon if it is HPV positive [? or EBP ?] positive. The nodal staging will be based upon either HIV positive oropharynx respectively. And if it is none of those things, then it would be based upon the nodal staging for HPV negative disease. Dr. Heath Skinner: And then one more thing for oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma, depth of invasion is actually now incorporated in the staging system where historically it had not been. There's a little bit of difficulty there in regards to doing clinical staging because you really don't have a great handle on radiographic depth of invasion. However, I think that will be later addressed, maybe in later iterations. But at this point, depth of invasion is indeed in the oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma staging system. ASCO Daily News: Great. That's very good clarification. Thank you. What do you think IS on the horizon for immunotherapies? Dr. Heath Skinner: I think that this is where a lot of the excitement derives in regards to the management of head and neck cancer and, indeed, most solid tumors. So I think that there are a few key questions. Firstly, where do we integrate immunotherapy into definitive management of head and neck cancer? And I focus largely on locally advanced HPV positive and negative head and neck cancer. So that's where I guess I'll start. Dr. Heath Skinner: So with [INAUDIBLE] which was a number of Phase I, really, trials to try to figure out how to incorporate nivolumab into platinum and/or cetuximab containing regimens. And this was, again, several different treatment schemas in that trial. And the Phase I data looked reasonable in regards to toxicity. Dr. Heath Skinner: Now where the next step of this is for the cooperative groups, I'm not certain. But that has been completed. However, many of the definitive management trials, at least in the non-recurrent setting, are largely single institution at this point. At our own institution, we have a trial examining pembrolizumab either with concurrent chemoradiation in locally advanced intermediate risk HPV positive or HPV negative head and neck cancer, or in the adjuvant setting. And that trial is currently ongoing. Dr. Heath Skinner: And additionally, we have a trial looking at, basically, those patients that I mentioned earlier, those in the arm D, it was, of course EGOG 3311, basically trying to replace post-operative concurrent chemoradiation with post-operative radiation plus immunotherapy, in this case nivolumab. But again, there are many other trials out there looking at the same question. We don't know where to put immunotherapy. And at this point, it's larger PD1 or PDL1 driven therapy. We don't know where the best place is to insert it in the treatment package. Moreover, we don't know actually which patients are going to benefit. So that's currently an area of active research. Dr. Heath Skinner: A second area of active research is actually what to do in the recurrent metastatic setting. So in patients that have locally regionally recurrent head and neck cancer after radiation, management of those patients is a real challenge. Surgery is very challenging to perform in an irradiated field. And moreover, re-irradiation has a significant and dramatic, in some cases, degree of toxicity. So what do we do in those patients? Dr. Heath Skinner: So there is the KEYNOTE trial from the NRG basically looking at stereotactic radiation, which we didn't talk about much as yet. But it is basically high dose of radiation per treatment, very few radiation treatments to a small volume. And the goal of it is actually to ablate the tumor. Dr. Heath Skinner: Standard conventionally fractionated radiation has a goal of doing just fractional DNA damage over a period of time, leading to cell death and tumor death via one mechanism versus ablation is basically a big hammer on the tumor in a short period of time. Now in small volumes, you can do that. In larger volumes, you run into toxicity concerns. So basically it's comparing SBRT versus SBRT plus immunotherapy with the goal of trying to improve outcomes in this very difficult disease setting. And that trial is currently ongoing and accruing. Dr. Heath Skinner: And then finally, one area of particular interest is oligometastatic disease. We talked about recurrent disease and the recurrent metastatic setting, now kind of metastatic and oligometastatic head and neck cancer. There is a significant question as to whether or not using this same approach, this SBRT, this Stereotactic Radiation Therapy plus immunotherapy can actually work as a tumor vaccine. Which is to say that you give this very high dose of radiation to one tumor, can you prime the immune system in combination with IO agents to actually attack other tumors and microscopic cancer cells throughout the body? Dr. Heath Skinner: Unfortunately, in head and neck cancer, although in melanoma and a few other disease sites there are some promising data, thus far there has been one trial in head and neck cancer questioning this approach, basically using nivolumab versus nivolumab plus SBRT, which was unfortunately negative. Did not show improvements in regards to objective response rates or outcomes. Dr. Heath Skinner: However, one question remains. Is PD1 or PDL1 therapy in this setting the best approach? There are a number of other different targets and even emerging targets and IO targets that have yet to be investigated in that setting. And I think that, again, it continues to be a very interesting an active research question. ASCO Daily News: That's great. It sounds like there's a lot of promising research happening and all to the benefit of patients. It's been a real pleasure speaking with you today. I thank you so much for being on our podcast. Dr. Heath Skinner: Thank you so much for having me. It's been a pleasure. ASCO Daily News: And to our listeners, thank you for tuning into the ASCO Daily News podcast. If you're enjoying the content, we encourage you to rate us and review us on Apple Podcast. The purpose of this podcast is to educate and to inform. This is not a substitute for professional medical care and is not intended for use in the diagnosis or treatment of individual conditions. Guests on this podcast express their own opinions, experience, and conclusions. The mention of any product, service, organization, activity, or therapy should not be construed as an ASCO endorsement. [MUSIC PLAYING]
T0 walk in victory - God wants you to know who you are.
WIE OSTEOPATHIE BEI THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROM WIRKEN KANN - Teil 2 Folge 102 - Osteopathische Forschung - feat. Doris Homann, D.O. (Werbung / Anzeige / Link) Das Thoracic Outlet Syndrom(TOS) ist ein Chamäleon unter den Syndromen des Schulter-Nacken-Bereiches. Synonym wird es uch als Engpasssyndrom der oberen Thoraxaperturoder Schultergürtel-Kompressionssyndrombezeichnet. Bei diesem ist ein neurovaskulären Kompressionssyndrom werden meist temporär oder ständig Gefäßnervenbündel komprimiert, mit entsprechend vielfältigen Symptomen. Der drangsalierte Nerven- und Gefäßbündel besteht aus einem ganzen Bündel an Nerven, dem Alexus Brachialis, der Arteria Subclavia sowie der Vena subclaviavor und verläuft vom Hals aus in Richtung des Schlüsselbeins und der Schulter Auf diesem Weg muss es drei Engstellenüberwinden: die vordere bzw. hintere Lücke der Halsmuskeln, der sogenannten Scaleni den Kostoklavikularraum (den Raum zwischen der ersten Rippe und dem Schlüsselbein sowie den Korakopektoralraum (den kleinen Raum zwischen einem kleinen Knochen der Schulter, den Rabelschnabelfortsatz und dem kleinen Brustmuskel) Symptomesind chamäleonartig : je nach Ursache und der Lokalisation des Engpasses Durchblutungsstörungen Gefühlsstörungen oft lageabhängig (liegend, sitzend, im Auto) https://youtu.be/UGc7OO679X8 Doris Homann, meinen wundervolle Kollegin ist Bsc. of Physiotherapy (NL), Sportphysiotherapeutin und D.O. in Osteopathie, gemeinsam mit einigen Kollegen und Studenten hat sie eine sauber gemachte, tolle Studie aufgelegt: Der Effekt osteopathischer Behandlungen bei Patienten mit Thoracic Outlet Syndrom gemessen am Ergebnis des Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ) In Teil 1 spreche ich mit ihr über die Vereinbarkeit von Beruf, Familie, Osteopathie und Forschung :-) In Teil 2 erklärt sie uns ihr Vorgehen bei der Forschungsarbeit und warum sie Osteopathie so fasziniert... Hintergrund Das Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS) gehört zu einer der am kontroversesten diskutierten Diagnosen. Ein einheitliches Krankheitsbild, eine klar definierte Diagnose und Richtlinie für operative und konservative Behandlungsmethoden existieren nicht. Randomisierte klinische Studien zu Osteopathie und TOS fehlen. Symptome bei TOS und Karpaltunnel Syndrom (KTS) korrelieren miteinander. Eine Gruppe Studenten der Osteopathie untersuchte konservative Behandlungsmöglichkeit bei TOS. Ziel Es sollte untersucht werden, welchen Einfluss befundorientierte osteopathische Behandlungen auf die Symptome bei Erwachsenen mit TOS im Vergleich zu Placebobehandlungen, gemessen am Outcome des Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ), haben. Material und Methode Zur Studie wurde eine systematische Literaturrecherche durchgeführt. Die Rekrutierung der Patienten erfolgte mittels Verbreitung eines Flyers. Eingeschlossen wurden 98 Patienten im Alter von 18-60 Jahren mit neurologischen und/oder vaskulären Symptomen seit mindestens vier Wochen in einer der beiden oder beiden oberen Extremitäten. Das Signifikanzniveau wurde mit a=0,05 festgelegt. In einer randomisierten kontrollierten klinischen Studie wurden eine Behandlungsgruppe (BG, n=55) und eine Kontrollgruppe (KG, n=43) anhand der Scores miteinander verglichen. Die BG erhielt zwei befundorientierte osteopathische Behandlungen, die KG zwei standardisierte Placebobehandlungen. Es wurden die Differenzen der Mittelwerte (MW) und der Scores (SS= Symptomskala, FS= Funktionsskala) miteinander verglichen. Ergebnis In der BG verbesserte sich der Score SS von 2,19 (T0) auf 1,72 (T 2.1) (p= 0,000015) und Score FS von 1,68 auf 1,41 (p=0,0039) signifikant. Die KG zeigte keine signifikanten Veränderungen von Score SS (p=0,317) und Score FS (p=0,342). Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie zeigen eine signifikante Verbesserung der Symptome nach zwei befundorientierten osteopathischen Behandlungen bei Erwachsenen mit TOS gemessen am Score des Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire. Schlüsselbegriffe Osteopathie, Thoracic Outlet Syndrom, Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire, Konservative Behandlung Author: Doris Homann https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330411656_Der_Effekt_osteopathischer_Behandlungen_bei_Patienten_mit_Thoracic_Outlet_Syndrom_gemessen_am_Ergebnis_des_Boston_Carpal_Tunnel_Questionnaire_BCTQ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QZ4A_LY-bQI&feature=youtu.be&fbclid=IwAR25ATBeXmDMRs8kJDx47r3uDreh86L2G9e_4IE9roa2BLMhTrpiXm7QdVQ Was waren deine größten Learnings aus dieser Folge? Welche Erfahrungen möchtest du teilen? Dein Stefan Rieth, Msc. Ost. --- Teile gerne diese kostbaren Geheimnisse der Osteopathie mit deinen Liebsten, Freunden, auf dass Osteopathie noch mehr in den Fokus der Öffentlichkeit gelangt wie sie es verdient. Bewerte diese Folge und den Podcast gerne mit 5 Sternen bei Itunes, Spotify oder Stitcher, auf dass wir mit Osteopathischen Gedanken und Weisheiten eine richtige Welle der Gesundheit, Bewusstheit, Wachheit und Selbst-Verantwortung schaffen :-) Listen on: Stefanrieth.com: http://bit.ly/2y4pWm1 Itunes: https://apple.co/2JoJhlZ Stitcher: http://bit.ly/dncst Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2HdY6al Youtube: http://bit.ly/2zUho2h Kommentiere diese Folge, deinen Mehrwert und deine Erfahrungen bei Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/stefan.rieth/ Oder teile mit anderen bei Facebook deine Gedanken dazu: https://www.facebook.com/stefanriethcom/ Dein Stefan Rieth --- Ausschluss von Heilungsversprechen Bitte beachten Sie, dass es sich bei der Osteopathie um nicht wissenschaftlich und/oder schulmedizinisch anerkannte und/oder bewiesene Verfahren handelt und die Wirksamkeit wissenschaftlich und/oder schulmedizinisch nicht anerkannt ist. Besonderer Hinweis zum HWG (Heilmittelwerbegesetz) Aus rechtlichen Gründen weise ich besonders darauf hin, das bei keinem der aufgeführten Therapien- oder Diagnoseverfahren der Eindruck erweckt wird , das hier ein Heilungsversprechen meinerseits zugrunde liegt, bzw. Linderung oder Verbesserung einer Erkrankung garantiert oder versprochen wird. Sollte der Inhalt oder die Aufmachung dieser Seiten fremde Rechte Dritter oder gesetzliche Bestimmungen verletzen, so bitte ich um eine entsprechend kostenfreie Nachricht. Ich werde die zu Recht beanstandeten Passagen unverzüglich entfernen, ohne dass die Einschaltung eines Rechtsbeistandes erforderlich ist. Etwaig ohne vorherige Kontaktaufnahme ausgelöste Kosten jedweder Art werden insgesamt zurückgewiesen. Abmahnungen Keine Abmahnung ohne vorherigen Kontakt. Sollte der Inhalt der Aufmachung meiner Seiten fremde Rechte Dritter oder gesetzliche Bestimmungen verletzen, so bitte ich um eine entsprechende Nachricht ohne Kostennote. Ich garantiere, dass die zu Recht beanstandeten Textpassagen unverzüglich entfernt werde, ohne dass von Ihrer Seite die Einschaltung eines Rechtsbeistandes erforderlich ist. Ferner werde ich von Ihnen ohne vorherige Kontaktaufnahme ausgelösten Kosten vollumfänglich zurückweisen und gegebenenfalls Gegenklage wegen Verletzung vorgenannter Bestimmungen einreichen. Ziel dieses Hinweises ist keine Abmahnung z.B. formlose E-Mail) zu erhalten, sondern nicht mit den Kosten einer anwaltlichen Abmahnung belastet zu werden. Es ist nicht vertretbar, in einem solchen Falle die Notwendigkeit einer anwaltlichen Abmahnung zu bejahen. #mutterglück#mamaliebe#schwangerwerden #babyzeit#hibbeln#wennausliebelebenwird#lebensqualität#babywunsch#persönlichkeitsentwicklung #übergewicht#osteopathy#kinderosteopathie #fruchtbarkeit#physiotherapeutin#kinesiologie #erziehungstipps #schreibaby#accompagnement#osteo #immunsystem#rückenschmerzen#mobilität #wohlbefinden#naturheilkunde#physio #physiotherapists#osteopathie#heilpraktiker #sportsphysio#osteopathe
WIE OSTEOPATHIE BEI THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROM WIRKEN KANN - Teil 1 Folge 101 - Osteopathische Forschung - feat. Doris Homann, D.O. (Werbung / Anzeige / Link) Das Thoracic Outlet Syndrom(TOS) ist ein Chamäleon unter den Syndromen des Schulter-Nacken-Bereiches. Synonym wird es uch als Engpasssyndrom der oberen Thoraxaperturoder Schultergürtel-Kompressionssyndrombezeichnet. Bei diesem ist ein neurovaskulären Kompressionssyndrom werden meist temporär oder ständig Gefäßnervenbündel komprimiert, mit entsprechend vielfältigen Symptomen. Der drangsalierte Nerven- und Gefäßbündel besteht aus einem ganzen Bündel an Nerven, dem Alexus Brachialis, der Arteria Subclavia sowie der Vena subclaviavor und verläuft vom Hals aus in Richtung des Schlüsselbeins und der Schulter Auf diesem Weg muss es drei Engstellenüberwinden: die vordere bzw. hintere Lücke der Halsmuskeln, der sogenannten Scaleni den Kostoklavikularraum (den Raum zwischen der ersten Rippe und dem Schlüsselbein sowie den Korakopektoralraum (den kleinen Raum zwischen einem kleinen Knochen der Schulter, den Rabelschnabelfortsatz und dem kleinen Brustmuskel) Symptomesind chamäleonartig : je nach Ursache und der Lokalisation des Engpasses Durchblutungsstörungen Gefühlsstörungen oft lageabhängig (liegend, sitzend, im Auto) https://youtu.be/UGc7OO679X8 Doris Homann, meinen wundervolle Kollegin ist Bsc. of Physiotherapy (NL), Sportphysiotherapeutin und D.O. in Osteopathie, gemeinsam mit einigen Kollegen und Studenten hat sie eine sauber gemachte, tolle Studie aufgelegt: Der Effekt osteopathischer Behandlungen bei Patienten mit Thoracic Outlet Syndrom gemessen am Ergebnis des Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ) In Teil 1 spreche ich mit ihr über die Vereinbarkeit von Beruf, Familie, Osteopathie und Forschung :-) In Teil 2 erklärt sie uns ihr Vorgehen bei der Forschungsarbeit und warum sie Osteopathie so fasziniert... Hintergrund Das Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS) gehört zu einer der am kontroversesten diskutierten Diagnosen. Ein einheitliches Krankheitsbild, eine klar definierte Diagnose und Richtlinie für operative und konservative Behandlungsmethoden existieren nicht. Randomisierte klinische Studien zu Osteopathie und TOS fehlen. Symptome bei TOS und Karpaltunnel Syndrom (KTS) korrelieren miteinander. Eine Gruppe Studenten der Osteopathie untersuchte konservative Behandlungsmöglichkeit bei TOS. Ziel Es sollte untersucht werden, welchen Einfluss befundorientierte osteopathische Behandlungen auf die Symptome bei Erwachsenen mit TOS im Vergleich zu Placebobehandlungen, gemessen am Outcome des Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire (BCTQ), haben. Material und Methode Zur Studie wurde eine systematische Literaturrecherche durchgeführt. Die Rekrutierung der Patienten erfolgte mittels Verbreitung eines Flyers. Eingeschlossen wurden 98 Patienten im Alter von 18-60 Jahren mit neurologischen und/oder vaskulären Symptomen seit mindestens vier Wochen in einer der beiden oder beiden oberen Extremitäten. Das Signifikanzniveau wurde mit a=0,05 festgelegt. In einer randomisierten kontrollierten klinischen Studie wurden eine Behandlungsgruppe (BG, n=55) und eine Kontrollgruppe (KG, n=43) anhand der Scores miteinander verglichen. Die BG erhielt zwei befundorientierte osteopathische Behandlungen, die KG zwei standardisierte Placebobehandlungen. Es wurden die Differenzen der Mittelwerte (MW) und der Scores (SS= Symptomskala, FS= Funktionsskala) miteinander verglichen. Ergebnis In der BG verbesserte sich der Score SS von 2,19 (T0) auf 1,72 (T 2.1) (p= 0,000015) und Score FS von 1,68 auf 1,41 (p=0,0039) signifikant. Die KG zeigte keine signifikanten Veränderungen von Score SS (p=0,317) und Score FS (p=0,342). Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie zeigen eine signifikante Verbesserung der Symptome nach zwei befundorientierten osteopathischen Behandlungen bei Erwachsenen mit TOS gemessen am Score des Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire. Schlüsselbegriffe Osteopathie, Thoracic Outlet Syndrom, Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire, Konservative Behandlung Author: Doris Homann https://www.researchgate.net/publication/330411656_Der_Effekt_osteopathischer_Behandlungen_bei_Patienten_mit_Thoracic_Outlet_Syndrom_gemessen_am_Ergebnis_des_Boston_Carpal_Tunnel_Questionnaire_BCTQ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QZ4A_LY-bQI&feature=youtu.be&fbclid=IwAR25ATBeXmDMRs8kJDx47r3uDreh86L2G9e_4IE9roa2BLMhTrpiXm7QdVQ Was waren deine größten Learnings aus dieser Folge? Welche Erfahrungen möchtest du teilen? Dein Stefan Rieth, Msc. Ost. --- Teile gerne diese kostbaren Geheimnisse der Osteopathie mit deinen Liebsten, Freunden, auf dass Osteopathie noch mehr in den Fokus der Öffentlichkeit gelangt wie sie es verdient. Bewerte diese Folge und den Podcast gerne mit 5 Sternen bei Itunes, Spotify oder Stitcher, auf dass wir mit Osteopathischen Gedanken und Weisheiten eine richtige Welle der Gesundheit, Bewusstheit, Wachheit und Selbst-Verantwortung schaffen :-) Listen on: Stefanrieth.com: http://bit.ly/2y4pWm1 Itunes: https://apple.co/2JoJhlZ Stitcher: http://bit.ly/dncst Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2HdY6al Youtube: http://bit.ly/2zUho2h Kommentiere diese Folge, deinen Mehrwert und deine Erfahrungen bei Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/stefan.rieth/ Oder teile mit anderen bei Facebook deine Gedanken dazu: https://www.facebook.com/stefanriethcom/ Dein Stefan Rieth --- Ausschluss von Heilungsversprechen Bitte beachten Sie, dass es sich bei der Osteopathie um nicht wissenschaftlich und/oder schulmedizinisch anerkannte und/oder bewiesene Verfahren handelt und die Wirksamkeit wissenschaftlich und/oder schulmedizinisch nicht anerkannt ist. Besonderer Hinweis zum HWG (Heilmittelwerbegesetz) Aus rechtlichen Gründen weise ich besonders darauf hin, das bei keinem der aufgeführten Therapien- oder Diagnoseverfahren der Eindruck erweckt wird , das hier ein Heilungsversprechen meinerseits zugrunde liegt, bzw. Linderung oder Verbesserung einer Erkrankung garantiert oder versprochen wird. Sollte der Inhalt oder die Aufmachung dieser Seiten fremde Rechte Dritter oder gesetzliche Bestimmungen verletzen, so bitte ich um eine entsprechend kostenfreie Nachricht. Ich werde die zu Recht beanstandeten Passagen unverzüglich entfernen, ohne dass die Einschaltung eines Rechtsbeistandes erforderlich ist. Etwaig ohne vorherige Kontaktaufnahme ausgelöste Kosten jedweder Art werden insgesamt zurückgewiesen. Abmahnungen Keine Abmahnung ohne vorherigen Kontakt. Sollte der Inhalt der Aufmachung meiner Seiten fremde Rechte Dritter oder gesetzliche Bestimmungen verletzen, so bitte ich um eine entsprechende Nachricht ohne Kostennote. Ich garantiere, dass die zu Recht beanstandeten Textpassagen unverzüglich entfernt werde, ohne dass von Ihrer Seite die Einschaltung eines Rechtsbeistandes erforderlich ist. Ferner werde ich von Ihnen ohne vorherige Kontaktaufnahme ausgelösten Kosten vollumfänglich zurückweisen und gegebenenfalls Gegenklage wegen Verletzung vorgenannter Bestimmungen einreichen. Ziel dieses Hinweises ist keine Abmahnung z.B. formlose E-Mail) zu erhalten, sondern nicht mit den Kosten einer anwaltlichen Abmahnung belastet zu werden. Es ist nicht vertretbar, in einem solchen Falle die Notwendigkeit einer anwaltlichen Abmahnung zu bejahen. #mutterglück#mamaliebe#schwangerwerden #babyzeit#hibbeln#wennausliebelebenwird#lebensqualität#babywunsch#persönlichkeitsentwicklung #übergewicht#osteopathy#kinderosteopathie #fruchtbarkeit#physiotherapeutin#kinesiologie #erziehungstipps #schreibaby#accompagnement#osteo #immunsystem#rückenschmerzen#mobilität #wohlbefinden#naturheilkunde#physio #physiotherapists#osteopathie#heilpraktiker #sportsphysio#osteopathe
Date: 07/05/19 Location: Grange Farm, Abbots Ripton, Nr Huntingdon Show notes: Andy Bailey and David Roberts are in Abbots Ripton with Crop Production Manager Paul Drinkwater. Paul starts by welcoming ADAMA and explaining his farming unit and the crops grown. Paul moves on to discuss how the wheat field is looking after the autumn. David shares his concerns with regards to the massive cracks in the tramlines across the UK and explains rain is needed to get the best yield potential; even for clean crops (3.05) Andy turns the conversation towards fungicides and discusses with Paul his T0 fungicide application. Paul explains his high input system approach (4.43) In a pre-recorded interview, Steve Cook, an agronomist at Hampshire Arable Systems gives a crop update from the south (5.28) Paul shares how things are comparing in Cambridgeshire (14.21) Paul goes on to discuss his control of grass weeds, and explains how his pre-emergence chemistry worked well. He shares how he aims to get his pre-em on 48 hours after drilling. David echoes the importance of this approach (17.19) Taking a break from Grange Farm, we caught up online with Rob Harris, the Communications Manager at the Royal Agricultural Benevolent Institution (RABI) to discuss their great charity. (19.04) Back on farm, Paul talks broad-leaved weeds and other problem weeds he is controlling on farm. David shares his advice. (24.08) Paul shares his experience with weed mapping. David then questions if Paul has done any resistance testing and the importance of cultural control methods (26.58) Andy questions the yellow rust status in the wheat crop (33.41) Attention then turns to Sugar beet, Paul's Sugar beet crop is all drilled and growing well. David expresses how attention to detail is important in this crop too (36.30) Lastly the CTL revocation is discussed, with both Steve and Paul giving their views and plans for the future. Andy advocates the use of multi-sites and Folpet in particular. (39.41)
DAVID GAUSA presents SUTIL SENSATIONS RADIO / N#358 PLAYLIST FEBRUARY 22nd 2018 / 22 FEBRERO 2019 The Chemical Brothers 'Got To Keep On' (taken from forthcoming 'No Geography' artist album) - Virgin EMI/Astralwerks Elderbrook 'Old Friend' (MK Remix) - Parlophone/Big Beat Henry Hacking & Inaya Day 'Nasty Girl' (David Penn Remix) - Vicious RUFUS DU SOL Treat You Better' (Purple Disco Machine Remix) - Rose Avenue/Reprise Martin Ikin feat. Hayley May 'Following' - Toolroom Niels Van Gogh 'Pulverturm' (Tiesto's Big Room Extended Remix) - Musical Freedom Better Lost Than Stupid 'Inside' - Skint --- TRACK OF THE WEEK / TEMA DE LA SEMANA Booka Shade feat. Kaktus Einarsson 'I Go I Go' (Undercatt Remix) - Blaufield Music --- Sonny Fodera & Biscits 'Insane' - Solotoko Xpansions 'Move Your Body (Elevation)' (Rebuke Remix) - Food Rebuke 'The Pipe' (taken from 'Jump Ship' EP) - Dirtybird Booka Shade 'Trespass 2019' (Mark Knight Extended Mix) - Toolroom Trax 100 Release Bob Moses 'Enough To Believe' (Jamie Jones Remix) - Domino Teddy Pendergrass 'Life Is A Song Worth Singing' (Jamie Jones Remix) - Legacy Recordings --- THE LAID-BACK ROOM / LA SALA 2 Agoria ft. Blas 'You're Not Alone' (Original Mix) - Virgin/Astralwerks Underworld 'Apple Shine' (Film Edit - taken from 'DRIFT' Episode 2) - Smith Hyde Productions --- DAVID GAUSA IN THE MIX: #CANELAFINA TAKEOVER Pablo Fierro 'Tel Aviv To Casablanca' (Taken from 'Secret Weapons 11') - Innervisions Audiojack 'Inside My Head' - Crosstown Rebels Collective Machine 'Turning' - Knee Deep In Sound Miles Kane 'Coup De Grace' (CamelPhat Remix) - Virgin EMI Simon Harris feat. Morrison 'This Is Serious' (Dennis Cruz Remix) - ElRow Rebuke 'Along Came Polly' - Hot Creations Will Clarke & Eli Brown 'Our Love' - Truesoul Adrian Hour 'Artikel' (taken from 'This Is Toolroom 2019' compilation) - Toolroom ARTBAT 'Upperground' EP - Diynamic Joris Voorn 'Genova' - Green Fairmont 'Gazebo' (Patrice Baumel Remix) (taken from 'Gazebo' Remixes) - Sapiens Pig & Dan 'Losing Part Of Me' (taken from 'Infinity' EP) - Drumcode Eats Everything 'Space Raiders' (Charlotte de Witte Remix) - Kneaded Pains --- THE CLASSIC / EL CLASICO T99 'Anasthasia' - Whos That Beat --- If you wants to know more about DAVID GAUSA, visit: Si quieres saber mas de DAVID GAUSA, visita: http://www.davidgausa.com http://www.facebook.com/davidgausa http://twitter.com/davidgausa http://soundcloud.com/davidgausa http://www.mixcloud.com/davidgausa http://instagram.com/davidgausa http://www.sutilrecords.com http://www.facebook.com/sutilrecords --- For press info, bookings, promos and general inquiries, please contact: http://www.davidgausa.com/en/contact Para press info. bookings, promos & peticiones en general, contacta: http://www.davidgausa.com/es/contact
In Episode 47: (00:01:13) In the long intro, Rod asks Keith's about the gear he's keeping or returning... ▪ Zhiyun Tech Weebill Lab Gimbal ▪ GoPro Hero 7 ▪ Canon EOS R Mirrorless Hybrid Camera (00:41:46) In the 2nd segment Keith and Rod discuss some of Keith's new micro four-thirds lenses and whether he'll return them, notably the: ▪ SLR Magic 10mm T2.1 Hyperprime Cine Lens (MFT Mount) ▪ SLR Magic 25mm T0.95 HyperPrime Cine III Lens (MFT Mount) ▪ Venus Optics Laowa 7.5mm f/2 MFT Lens for Micro Four Thirds (Black) (01:05:34) In Segment 3, Keith tells Rod about his new obsession with Vintage Glass, notably the Zeiss Contax SLR Lenses, converted to Zeiss Super speeds and Standard Speeds (01:34:06) In the 4th segment they discuss, what else but the new Blackmagic Pocket 4K, some of the strengths, but mostly about the poorly designed battery performance and the dreaded 'stuck battery' syndrome. Will Keith have to send one of his cameras to get serviced??? (02:08:45) In the 5th and final Segment, Keith gives his impressions, after having used the BMPCC4K for a while and some useful add-ons including ▪ Power Sources, BP-14v vs NP 8.4v ▪ The Grid Loupe ▪ Smallrig Articulating Arm Ball Head ▪ Dragon Grips for texture to operate by touch (02:47:08) Don't miss the "Late-Breaking News Update" where Rod and Keith discuss the much-needed 6.1 firmware update which may address some of the complaints leveled at the BMPCC4K. For More Info, go to techmovepodcast.com Please remember to support TechMove – it’s easy and doesn’t cost you anything, just go to techmovepodcast.com/amazon. Or you can use Patreon to donate,just go to patreon.com/techmovepodcast.
Date: 09/11/18 Location: Sherwood Farm, Oxon Show notes: In our final show for the year, our Technical Specialists, David Roberts (Herbicides) and Andy Bailey (Fungicides) are in Oxfordshire to visit Sherwood Farm. Farm Manager, Mark Oldroyd and Assistant Farm Manager, Jack Bedlow (along with dog Ruby) take the time chat with us. Mark shares insights into Sherwood Farm, the award winning team, as well as discussing what crops are grown on the farm (0.58) In the vetch and oats field Mark explains why he has decided to grow this cover crop (3.00) David provides an update on black-grass dormancy and the fight against this weed (4.10) In a pre-recorded interview Andy Roberts from South Staffordshire gives his insight into how last season went on his farm in terms of yield; as well as sharing how the dry conditions affected drilling dates (5.54) Back on Sherwood Farm, Mark also shares with us his yield results from last season. Andy is interested to find out further Mark’s thoughts on how he achieved such good wheat yields - it seems T0 could be the answer (09.19) Mark explains how the dry conditions had a positive impact on drilling and the changes to his crop rotations over the last few years (12.21) We get to hear Mark’s learnings from last season that will change the way he plans going forward (14.58) Conversations turn to black-grass, the extent of the problem for Sherwood Farm and how they try to overcome this. David shares his expertise on the issue (16.16) In our feature interview, Alex Montgomery from Microsoft discusses what issues the farming community have that Microsoft is helping to solve, connectivity challenges and how this is being overcome (21.01) Back on farm, the guys have moved into a winter barley field. Mark and Jack share their thoughts on the impact of technology and how it benefits their business (29.47) Back talking black-grass, pre-emergence herbicides are discussed and how the trend has moved to stacking them. Post emergence are also discussed. David shares why he thinks technology is so important to help gain control of black-grass (31.40) Mark shares how he balances disease control and resistance management in cereal crops (35.41) Conversations turn to slug control and how Sherwood Farm had low pressure this season. Mark advises on his change of approach recently due to stewardship guidelines (36.22) We flick back to our pre recorded interview with Andy Roberts to get his thoughts on fungicide planning for the spring and hear what his approach is regarding programmes (40.04) Andy talks about the challenges to single-site chemistry and how he advocates multi-site chemistry. Mark also shares his thoughts on this area (41.40) David and Andy wrap up by sharing what they think growers should consider as we head into the winter (44.50)
逝水 70后，非典型航天工程师，科普作家。爱好跑步，跑遍了全中国。注：本期视频已上传至B站。引江畔何人初见月？江月何年初照人？人生代代无穷已，江月年年只相似。——张若虚《春江花月夜》非常荣幸，今天能够到这一个我觉得特别神奇的地方。我经常在各种不同的场合，可能在国家会议中心，或者其它更大的场合，都做过各种各样的分享或演讲。但是这样的场合是第一次，在一个非常轻松、浪漫，有艺术气息的地方。我准备了一个一直想讲的主题，就是太空旅行。虽然太空旅行现在只是极少数人类的现实，对我们在座的各位来说，肯定还都不是。但是谁知道呢？也许仅仅只需要十几二十年？也许就OK了呢。这是Space X的飞船。9月14号，刚刚过去的新闻，马斯克公布了一个非常令人振奋的消息，这位哥们儿要到月球去。这个事件发生后，有媒体来采访，最关心的一件事就是，这哥们估计要花多少钱？ 我说马斯克肯定不会公布。我估计，这张船票大约1亿美元左右，当然作为第一个买票的人，我估计Space X会给打个五折还是很可能的。这个钱在中国，已经有相当多的富翁应该是OK的。在座的......我反正不行！但我希望会有一天降到非常低，就像每个人来参加今天的活动一样，我们就都能承受得了。目的地开普勒452B人这种生物最神奇的一点，就是可以想象和编造故事。两年前非常火的那本书《人类简史》就讲，人类社会能够构建的一个很重要的原因，就是人会编故事。社会可以依靠故事，把它凝聚在一起。所以我们今天就编一编故事。包括NASA在内，人类就想探索，想到远处去。但是我们得找一个和我们地球有点类似的星球。它还得适合我们碳基文明的生命来生存。人类找了很多，这些都是开普勒望远镜发现的。2015年，NASA开了一个非常重要的发布会，宣布发现了一个新行星叫开普勒452B，距离地球1400光年，它的直径大概是地球的1.6倍，整个环境跟我们地球非常像。为什么叫开普勒452B呢？452是发现的序号，这个B的意思，就是在它的那个星系里边，它是距离恒星第二近的。地球如果按这个编号体系，就是太阳系C。1400光年，我突然要跳跃一下。在我的中学时代，我非常喜欢唐诗。大家可能听过《春江花月夜》，作者是张若虚，我以前是能够全部背下来，现在可能还会稍微差点，但记得其中几句： 江畔何人初见月？江月何年初照人？人生代代无穷已，江月年年只相似。我为什么忽然跳到唐诗？就是因为宇宙旅行或者说太空旅行，它非常神奇，它是一个时间和空间的双重旅行。开普勒452B距离地球1400光年。张若虚写这首唐诗，距离现在恰好差不多是1400年。这什么意思？也就是说假定开普勒452B有生命、有文明，假定他们具有跨星系的通信和观测能力，他们应该刚刚听到张若虚在吟这首唐诗。你看，这不就是时间的穿梭嘛？其实唐诗里大量的主题，都是关于人与时间和空间的对话，非常的神奇。交通-火箭杨利伟的痛OK，我们真的要出发了。第一件事情，就是要找个火箭。这是一张挺有意思的图，把世界上著名的火箭都放到一张图里。最大的就是土星五，上方有一轮月亮，很漂亮的一张图，这是真实的照片。如果你去美国，应该还能看到它在博物馆，只不过是平着放。在我曾经的一篇科普文章里，专门做了一个数据统计，横轴是发射次数，纵轴是实际成功率。每一个圆圈的大小，表示这个火箭一共发射过多少次。越到这个角上就是最可靠的火箭，因为它发射的越多成功率越大，这个圈越大，表示实际用的最多。大家可以看到就是“联盟U”火箭，还有美国的DELTA火箭,远远地领先全世界。我们中国长征2/3/4大概在这里，我们“长5”还失利了。虽然说已经有这么多火箭。但是对于人类航天来讲，还是一件最难的事。NASA的总工程师曾讲过一句话：可靠的都不便宜，便宜的都不可靠。前天就刚刚发生一件事，NASA的一个宇航员和俄罗斯宇航员乘坐联盟号飞船，本来要去国际空间站，然后飞船发射失利。这个火箭的“二级”有问题，非常幸运的是，火箭有逃逸塔，两个宇航员逃生了。但他们在这个过程中，大概经历了6到7个G的地球加速度的过载，肯定不舒服。但是宇航员是能承受的，我们可能承受不了。你可以想象一下，在游乐场玩过山车，最多就是2个G。这里说一个真实的故事。我们的载人火箭第一次发射就是神舟5号，中国第一个宇航员是杨利伟，他在回程时可以说饱受摧残。他回来后给我们这些工程师讲一件事情，他说我最不舒服的就是在其中一段的时候，他也告诉了准确时间。他说那时候我觉得我快要死掉了，我觉得真的坚持不下了。整个过程中，只有那段是我最难受的。 后来工程师去查原因才明白，就是我们人体是有一个振动频率，大概就是20赫兹以下的一个很低的频率。另外大家都知道共振，一旦人体发生共振，会把你的内脏都震出来。所以就非常的难受。我找了一张图来阐述这个概念，假定火箭的频率没有避开人体的基频的话，就会产生共振，这导致杨利伟非常难受。当然我们现在技术进步了，就不会再发生这样的问题，但这的确是我们经历过的。不管怎样，你去太空旅行，改变不了一件事：你相当于坐在一个巨大的炸弹上，火箭就是带着燃烧剂、带着氧化剂，随时都可能炸掉。当然你要坐在上面，不然你达不到那个速度。下一件事，就是要脱离地球引力了，你会非常不适应的，会有失重的感觉。 交通-轨道侯宝林的电筒接下来。侯宝林老先生有一个经典的相声叫《醉酒》，大家都听过吧。一个人喝醉酒了，另一个人说打开手电，让你顺着光线爬上去，这个说我才不爬呢，要不你把电门一关，我就掉下来了。大家肯定都拿到中学毕业证了，你只要学过中学物理，理论上你都可以理解轨道，但是我真的发现我们我身边的大量的人都不了解。不怨大家，这肯定是我们的教育有问题。关于这个相声，我还专门写了一篇文章来说这件事，就是如果你真的爬得足够高，你关掉电门，你真的是掉不下来的。当然这有很多前提条件，你首先真得能爬上去。其中的一个原因是“坐地日行八万里”，你随着地球的自转，本身是有速度的，如果你爬得足够高，多高呢？36000公里。你随着地球自转的速度，我们叫做“环绕速度”，恰好就是这个速度，如果你爬到那里，不仅不会掉下来，你也不会不会左右飘，你就在那原地待着，你不会掉下来，也不会上去。从理论上来讲，真的就是这样子。但前提是你得有这么一个特别的手电筒，然后你还得有一种方式来爬上去。所以我们会有各种各样的轨道，这张图在平面投影上画出各种各样的轨道，中间就是地球。总之，你要离开地球的时候，地球已经变得非常的小。交通-发射场赤道附近最省油下面一件事，就是选一个好发射场，顺便还能旅个游。这张图，这是把全世界的火箭发射场都列出来了。我们中国其实一共就四个发射场。最著名的发射场，比如说美国的卡角（卡纳维拉尔角发射场），它非常靠近赤道。你会发现赤道附近有最多的发射场，为什么这样？这一定有道理。地球是什么？其实不是一个完美的圆球，而是个椭球。赤道附近地球的半径最大，对吧？甩东西的道理，要用离心力。所以如果在赤道附近发射，一定可以利用地球的离心力，所以一定是最省燃料的。所以，你看大部分的发射场一定都在赤道周围。当然还有很多不同的考虑，比如说我们最靠近蒙古的发射场叫酒泉卫星发射中心。酒泉是甘肃的一个城市，但这个发射场在内蒙。它在内蒙起了一个离它最近的大城市的名字，所以它叫做酒泉卫星发射中心。我们业内人士会把它叫做20基地，它的原因是当年建设这个基地的，是从朝鲜战场回来的解放军第20兵团。我们现在就在三亚文昌也建了一个发射场，所以它离赤道就更近了。倒计时《月球少女》下凡尘下一个故事就是T0故事。火箭发射时候要倒计时。5、4、3、2、1。其实美国和中国和俄罗斯都不一样，倒计时的方式我们中国会非常喜欢从10开始，而美国一般是从5开始。另外，我们数到0时会喊“点火”。美国也许会喊5、4，然后就喊lift-off了，然后继续倒计时，它喊到0的时候那个火箭真的起飞了。这其中有很多技术问题，我们不展开说。但是中国说“点火”，然后火箭起飞，这时候他会说一句话，说“T0时”多少多少多少，后面报一串数据。T0是什么意思？ T0其实是Time zero,起始时刻。因为在发射之前，整个火箭发射程序都已设计好了，但是这个起始时刻是不确定的，所以就用一个T0来代替，就T0+100秒，再比如说加101秒来干什么事，所以零号指挥员说的T0就是这个意思。这个倒计时是怎么来的呢？这还真跟今天主题有关系，这里是北京电影学院的电影产业园，对吧？所以说这个文化的确是互相促进和融合，互相影响的。在1929年的时候，德国一家电影公司拍了一个电影叫做《月球少女》，导演就设想了一个场景——1929年还没有火箭，V2火箭都是在二战时才有的。导演非常有想象力，想象了这种倒计时，会让人非常急迫，让大家感觉到注意力高度集中。后来搞航天的人觉得这是很好的主意，就变成了现实了。交通-飞船追逐光的速度在离开地球100公里以上的卡门线，就是航天了。我们还需要乘坐飞船，对吧。这张图是一个老外做的，他把科幻作品里面的著名飞船都放到了一幅大图里边。我们挑几个出来看看。《阿凡达》里的“创业之星号”是反物质的核聚变推进，很酷，它能达到很高的速度。因为我们如果达不到哪怕1%光速的话，到离地球最近的比邻星去，都可能要8万多年，这显然不是我们这种碳基生命能够承受得了的。 那么你要能达到1%的光速，或者1/10的光速，就需要有特别的推进方式。《火星救援》里的“赫尔墨斯号”，“赫尔墨斯“是希腊神话里的一个神，他用的等离子推进，并且用了引力弹弓的方式，相当于利用一个大星体的引力把它弹出去。这是星球大战中的”千年隼号“，这是非常著名的飞船。这里想说一句话，SPACE X那个个火箭叫Falcon，”千年隼号“就叫 Falcon，这是在向《星球大战》致敬。这也是科幻电影对现实产生的影响。这是另外一个著名的电影叫《2001太空漫游》，开头的前五分钟——我就不剧透了——如果你没看过的话，你会以为你的电脑或投影坏掉了。那是一个非常震撼的开场。这部电影有一个神奇的细节，我截取了下来。他们到达土星的轨道后，发现那里已经停泊一艘飞船。我把那艘飞船放大一下，你会看到”八一“的标志。在克拉克的原著小说，这个飞船叫”钱学森号“，他在向钱学森致敬。但在中国的实际的航天场景里边，我们原则上是不会用人名来命名的，所以这仅仅可能存在于科幻作品中。此外，还有等离子推进和太阳帆推进，太阳帆推进就是展开一个巨大的帆，每个光子都有动量，打上去后就相当于给帆加速。如果这个帆做得足够大，它就可以一直获得加速。这种方式的好处就在于，只要在太阳系、有太阳光，就可以持续的获得加速，因为没有阻力，它可以加速到1%的光速。它已变成现实，日本曾经发射了伊卡洛斯号就是太阳帆推进。当然我们觉得这样还是太远了，就想找虫洞了。虫洞，就相当于宇宙空间如果可以折叠，就会有一个捷径，直接穿过去不就行了吗？2017年的诺贝尔物理奖得主吉普·索恩就是研究虫洞的，他认为如果有虫洞，那么就需要负能量，但到现在为止，我们没有找到宇宙中的负能量。所以这件事，目前看来还是相当遥远的。第一站火星好，我终于把前面感觉挺无聊的事说完了。终于要进入新星际探索了。我们先来到火星，这个地方叫圣玛丽角。这是火星探路者号登陆火星后拍摄了这一段，在火星看日落，就是这样一个感觉，主要原因是火星充满尘埃，用我们现在的话说，就相当于天天pm2.5，超级爆表。 所以太阳看起来很可能就是蓝色的。其实火星不咋地。但我们特别想探索火星的唯一原因，是因为它离地球好近，我们容易到达而已。第二站木星木星是一个巨行星。这个是从木卫二，我们叫恩格拉多斯，假定我们有飞船来穿行，会看到木星上有巨大的大红斑，有多大呢？两个地球大。为什么会有这个大红斑？这是个谜。而且近几十年的观测都表明这个红斑在缩小，为什么缩小？也不知道。所以宇宙中充满了未知。木卫二叫恩格拉多斯，也是用神的名字来命名的。恩格拉多斯目前被认为是最有可能在太阳系存在生命的。因为大家看它喷出来的间歇泉，能喷一百多公里，喷出大量的水、冰块和石头。喷出来的物质会成为木星环的一部分。这个间歇泉会非常的漂亮，如果我们真的去木星，这是一个很震撼的场景。这是大红斑，这张图是1979年旅行者一号拍摄的，大红斑有30万公里大，是地球的两倍。第三站在木卫六上徒步我们继续，假定行走在木卫六上，我们可能看到一个景象，巨大的红斑像一个大眼睛那样看着我们。木星有木星环，又分成内环和外环。有多大？想象一下，内环和外环中间的这个间隙，就可以并排放下5个地球。但是木星是气态的，所以刚才我就没有说我们能登陆木星，登上去也干不了什么事。第四站土星土星也是一个巨行星，非常巨大。土星有一个神奇的地方，在它的北极，有一个六边形的蓝色风暴。这也是太阳系目前排到前十的未解之谜。 我一直认为，在太阳系最壮观景色就在这里了。我们假定在它的一个卫星上，看着日落，微风拂过——当然你要你要穿宇航服，要不会冻得受不了——然后我们一艘飞船穿过，非常漂亮。第五站土卫六玩滑翔土卫六上充满了甲烷的气体，味道一定不好闻，就是臭鸡蛋味。但是这里大气密度非常大，以至于这里成为滑翔伞爱好者的天堂，用非常简单的滑翔伞，就可以滑行很长时间。第六站天卫五玩蹦极天王星的名字叫乌拉诺斯，乌拉诺斯是宙斯的爷爷的名字。天王星是一个漂亮的蓝色的星球，也是以甲烷气体为主，所以就是一个蓝色的臭鸡蛋味的行星。它的卫星非常多，但比较大的就是天卫五、天卫十五这么几颗。这就是天卫五，被认为是地壳变化最剧烈的一个行星。在这里，蹦极一定会非常爽。这是天卫五上的一个悬崖，可能是太阳系中最大的一个。这个悬崖有多高？20公里。想一想，珠峰是8848米，10公里不到。这个是20公里，然后重力大概是地球的1/55，你从上面往下蹦，掉下来要12分钟，太爽了。背后又是天王星，很漂亮。第七站开普勒452B然后我们要出太阳系了。我们就要到开普勒452B去了，之后的故事，我曾经想编一些，但是非常难。你发现没有，人类虽说想象力无穷尽，但是想象力总受限于所看到的、听到的事情。但我们人类的探测器，也就刚刚到太阳系的边缘，还没有飞出太阳系，我们对太阳系之外的事情，几乎一无所知。所以在穿越其它银河系时，到底能看到什么？我不知道，可能什么都能看到，也许什么都没有，也许很荒凉。开普勒452B，是地球直径1.6倍的一个星体，有一些艺术家，做了一些大胆的想象，在座的各位回去也可以画一画，总的认为，它的引力可能会比地球更平缓，不会像地球上的高山起伏这么剧烈。它的气体成分和大气的组成的不同，所以它的夕阳可能会更漂亮。这是它所在那个星系的其它几颗行星。记住你从哪里来记住那个“暗淡蓝点”接下来我会放一个短片《漫游者》，我刚才的视频素材都来自这个短片。这个片子，非常适合在家里，一个人关上灯，戴上耳机，再看一遍。好，我已经到尾声了。我觉得至少是我，最大的一个问题就是可能会想家。所以想家这件事情真的是人这种生命最大的一个弱点。卡西尼号是人类历史上最伟大的、获得成果最重要最多的探测器。当年它飞到土星的时候，转过头，对着地球拍了一张照片，就是这么一个蓝色的小点。天文学家卡尔·萨根写了一段话，关于这个”暗淡蓝点“，他写道：人类一切的辉煌，一切的灾难，一切你爱的人，你恨的人，爱你的人，恨你的人，那些贪官污吏，那些伟大的作家，那些英雄，所有的这一切，都在这个暗淡蓝点上。最后想说几句话，梅尔维尔的小说《白鲸》，我们把航天的人叫”漫游者“就出自这里。他说：远方引我心痒难耐，念念不忘。我渴望驶向未知的大海，让我们一起，从远方看地球升起。谢谢大家。 ◎下一期NO.10 晓丹 《从八卦茶会到国粹》◎
Date: 01/05/2018 Location: Mill Farm, Maidwell Show Notes: What a difference a few months can make! The first episode was recorded in the snow, this week however, the sun made an appearance as we walked the fields of Mill Farm where Farm Manager, Tom Paybody showed our Technical Specialist, Andy Bailey and David Roberts around his crops. We start the show with a similar format to last time, where we catch up with our two new YEN growers in a pre-recorded interview, Richard Cobbald (South Pickenham) and James Turner (Ludlow) who discus how their crop are looking given the difficult spring, farm resistance and much more. (4.10) Back at Mill Farm, we get a similar update from Tom Paybody, who grows almost a quarter of his land as spring cropping. He discusses how this has affected his crop rotation and the long time approach to black-grass control. (14.09) Andy Bailey also takes the opportunity to talk T0 and septoria control with particular reference to the recent weather conditions. Conversations soon turn to the whole fungicide program and how this has been adapted this spring and the affects on PGR. (21.10) David Roberts gives his insights into weed mapping and the importance of this, especially to those resistance weeds like black-grass. (28.30) Next we skipped to a very interesting interview with Sarah Allison who discussed a new project called The Rural Youth Project. This is an initiative focused on rural youth, to better understand and support their needs, desires and challenges. Sarah discusses her personal background and why this inspired her to get involved. (30.40) Back on farm, we take the opportunity to congratulate Tom on his recent YEN milling wheat quality award. (38.55) Conversations move onto the best ways of accessing control of grass weeds from an autumn perspective through to early spring applications. David Roberts shares his best practices. (40.40) Take a listen and remember the beauty of a podcast is you can listen in and out as you desire! If you have any comments on the show or want us to cover a particular topic in future podcasts, then we'd would love to hear from you; please leave a comment below, tweet us @AdamaUK_or simply email us on ukenquires@adama.com.
Today’s episode focuses on making music at home and income streams you can establish from them. Making music at home can be a profitable business in a variety of ways, from teaching lessons to busking online. The Profitable Musician Summit is all about making money in a variety of ways, not just touring or performing live. Surprisingly, things many artists already do, like live streaming performances, can bring in some supplemental income. Make Money By Making Music At Home Guests on the Profitable Musician Summit like Emma McGann, have made a lot of money from Live Streaming and performing on YouTube. Rick Barker tells us how people set up donation sites and get money, without begging for it or coming off as a starving artist. Corey DiMario and Jennifer Knapp talk about how to make money organically and consistently using Concert Window. Thanks to platforms like StreetJelly, busking online is a great way to perform for an audience and make money while doing so. Frank Podlaha and Annie Arenson tell us how StreetJelly works. If performing isn’t your thing or you just can’t do it, licensing music is a excellent way to get paid for making music at home. Joyce Kettering and Michelle Lockey share the ins and outs of writing and submitting music for licensing. If teaching is close to your heart, teaching lessons at home is possible either online or in person. Judy Rodman and Allie Tyler both make a good living from teaching lessons online and at home. Creating music courses and membership sites are yet another way to teach and make music at home. I’ll share how creating the Female Musician Academy has changed my life and allowed me to work from home full time. T0 hear the full interviews, reserve your FREE ticket to the Profitable Musician Summit. From May 1st to May 10th, you’ll hear from industry experts and indie musicians about making money from music. Resources Email your questions for Bree to answer on the show: Bree@FEMusician.com Leave your audio questions for Bree to play on the air and answer (you can promote yourself too): SpeakPipe Subscribe to the show on iTunes Give us a review on iTunes Listen on Soundcloud Show Editing by Jen Edds at 317 Sound Design Music by Stella Ronson ABOUT HOST BREE NOBLE Bree Noble is an entrepreneur, musician and speaker. She founded Women of Substance Radio, an online radio station that promotes quality female artists in all genres, in 2007. She launched the Women of Substance Music Podcast in November 2014, a 5 day per week show which promotes Independent female artists. Her podcast has hit #1 in New & Noteworthy for the Music, Arts and Society & Culture categories and #4 Audio Podcast on all of iTunes. She draws on her extensive experience running her own music business, both as a solo musician and as an Industry professional, to train and mentor other female musicians. Learn more about the station, the show and the artists atwww.wosradio.com. Connect with Bree on Twitter @BreeNoble or on Facebook or on Instagram @breenoblemusic
(https://www.addtoany.com/share#url=https%3A%2F%2Ffemusician.com%2Fmaking-music-at-home%2F&title=FEM153%20Making%20Money%20Making%20Music%20At%20Home) Today’s episode focuses on making music at home and income streams you can establish from them. Making music at home can be a profitable business in a variety of ways, from teaching lessons to busking online. The Profitable Musician Summit (https://profitablemusiciansummit.com/home) is all about making money in a variety of ways, not just touring or performing live. Surprisingly, things many artists already do, like live streaming performances, can bring in some supplemental income. (https://profitablemusiciansummit.com/home) Make Money By Making Music At Home Guests on the StreetJelly (http://www.streetjelly.com/) works. If performing isn’t your thing or you just can’t do it, licensing music is a excellent way to get paid for making music at home. Joyce Kettering and Michelle Lockey share the ins and outs of writing and submitting music for licensing. If teaching is close to your heart, teaching lessons at home is possible either online or in person. Judy Rodman and Allie Tyler both make a good living from teaching lessons online and at home. Creating music courses and membership sites are yet another way to teach and make music at home. I’ll share how creating the Female Musician Academy (http://femalemusicianacademy.com) has changed my life and allowed me to work from home full time. T0 hear the full interviews, reserve your FREE ticket to the Profitable Musician Summit (https://profitablemusiciansummit.com/home) . From May 1st to May 10th, you’ll hear from industry experts and indie musicians about making money from music. (https://profitablemusiciansummit.com/home) Resources Email your questions for Bree to answer on the show: Bree@FEMusician.com (mailto:Bree@FEMusician.com) Leave your audio questions for Bree to play on the air and answer (you can promote yourself too): SpeakPipe (http://www.speakpipe.com/femusician) Subscribe to the show on iTunes (https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/female-entrepreneur-musician/id981305947?mt=2) Give us a review on iTunes (https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/female-entrepreneur-musician/id981305947?mt=2) Listen on Soundcloud (http://www.soundcloud.com/women-of-substance) Show Editing by Jen Edds at 317 Sound Design (http://www.317sounddesign.com/) Music by Stella Ronson (https://soundcloud.com/stella-Ronson) ABOUT HOST BREE NOBLE Facebook (http://www.facebook.com/breenoblemusic) or on Instagram @breenoblemusic (https://www.addtoany.com/share#url=https%3A%2F%2Ffemusician.com%2Fmaking-music-at-home%2F&title=FEM153%20Making%20Money%20Making%20Music%20At%20Home)
Date: 05/03/2018 Location: Strawson Ltd, Newark Show Notes: We are extremely excited to launch our very first podcast show, A Snowy Start For our first show our two Technical Specialists, Andy Bailey (Fungicides) and David Roberts (Herbicides) visit Strawson Ltd in-house agronomist Ian Holmes We kick off by hearing a pre-recorded soundbite from two of our YEN growers Iain Robertson (South West) and Alan Clifton-Holt (South East), on how their cereal crops have come through the winter. Thanks for the update! (03:24) Back at Strawson Ltd, the guys start their snowy farm visit in a wheat field; conversations focus around prepping for spring and Ian's approach to T0 protection against septoria and rust control. (12:05) Earlier in the week we took the time to catch up with a podcasting pro – Will Evans from Rock and Roll Farming. It was Will that inspired our podcast channel so we really wanted to learn from the best! We also had a chat about Oxford Farming Conference and Will’s experience as an emerging leader. (20:49) Going back on farm the guys have now moved into an OSR field. Conversations are focused around black-grass, ryegrass and Broad-Leaved Weed control. Along with the strategy Ian is adopting towards his ALS-resistant poppies in OSR and cereals. (38:40) We round the show off with Ian, Andy and David sharing their tips and recommendations for moving forward at this time of the year. (42:56) If you have any comments on the show or want us to cover a particular topic in future podcasts, then we'd would love to hear from you; please leave a comment below, tweet us @AdamaUK_or simply email us on ukenquires@adama.com.
Patrick Byrne of Overstock.com is a rebel. He challenges the status-quo and is a internet pioneer. We discuss the early days of Overstock.com as well as his new project T0 which will, eventually, replace the current stock market. Don't miss Patrick's advice for young entrepreneurs and his favorite reason for being an entrepreneur himself.
Ellis speaks with the CEO of Gatekeeper Systems Inc. trading on the TSX Venture Exchange under the symbol GSI.V. Gatekeeper provides on board camera security systems for school districts across the US as well as developing and deploying body camera technology for law enforcement. He'll chat with Adam Arnette, the CMO of Nobilis Health Corp trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange as NHC.T0 operating profitable patient health care facilities in Dallas, Houston and Phoenix. Additionally, Ellis will interview Greg Johnson, the CEO of Wellgreen Platinum trading as WG on the Toronto Exchange with one of the largest deposits of platinum and palladium in North America, metals necessary in the automotive industrial arena. Motivational Speaker Bob Lange counsels on personal productivity and Ellis finishes the show with a segment on personal truth.
Ellis speaks with the CEO of Gatekeeper Systems Inc. trading on the TSX Venture Exchange under the symbol GSI.V. Gatekeeper provides on board camera security systems for school districts across the US as well as developing and deploying body camera technology for law enforcement. He'll chat with Adam Arnette, the CMO of Nobilis Health Corp trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange as NHC.T0 operating profitable patient health care facilities in Dallas, Houston and Phoenix. Additionally, Ellis will interview Greg Johnson, the CEO of Wellgreen Platinum trading as WG on the Toronto Exchange with one of the largest deposits of platinum and palladium in North America, metals necessary in the automotive industrial arena. Motivational Speaker Bob Lange counsels on personal productivity and Ellis finishes the show with a segment on personal truth.
Ellis speaks with the CEO of Gatekeeper Systems Inc. trading on the TSX Venture Exchange under the symbol GSI.V. Gatekeeper provides on board camera security systems for school districts across the US as well as developing and deploying body camera technology for law enforcement. He'll chat with Dr. Donald Kramer, the Chairman of Nobilis Health Corp trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange as NHC.T0 operating profitable patient health care facilities in Dallas, Houston and Phoenix. Additionally, Ellis will interview Greg Johnson, the CEO of Wellgreen Platinum trading as WG on the Toronto Exchange with one of the largest deposits of platinum and palladium in North America, metals necessary in the automotive industrial arena. Paul Mladjenovic talks Putin and David Morgan speaks precious metals. Finally, Ellis encourages listeners to enter mutually beneficial relationships only.
Ellis speaks with the CEO of Gatekeeper Systems Inc. trading on the TSX Venture Exchange under the symbol GSI.V. Gatekeeper provides on board camera security systems for school districts across the US as well as developing and deploying body camera technology for law enforcement. He'll chat with Vance Wells, the COO of Nobilis Health Corp trading on the Toronto Stock Exchange as NHC.T0 operating profitable patient health care facilities in Dallas, Houston and Phoenix. Additionally, Ellis will interview Greg Johnson, the CEO of Wellgreen Platinum trading as WG on the Toronto Exchange with one of the largest deposits of platinum and palladium in North America, metals necessary in the automotive industrial arena. Joshua Young of Young Capital Management rejoins the program. We'll be covering the recent collapse in oil prices and what that could mean for the Texas economy. Finally, Ellis encourages listeners to have the life you want, now.
Background: Anthracyclines are agents with a well-known cardiotoxicity. The study sought to evaluate the hemodynamic response to an anthracycline using real-time continuous-wave (CW)-Doppler ultrasound cardiac output monitoring (USCOM) and echocardiography in combination with serum biomarkers. Methods: 50 patients (26 male, 24 female, median age 59 years) suffering from various types of cancer received an anthracycline-based regimen. Patients' responses were measured at different time points (T0 prior to infusion, T1 6 h post infusion, T2 after 1 day, T3 after 7 days, and T4 after 3 months) with CW-Doppler ultrasound (T0-T4) and echocardiography (T1, T4) for hemodynamic parameters such as stroke volume (SV; SVUSCOM ml) and ejection fraction (EF; EFechocardiography%) and with NT-pro-BNP and hs-Troponin T (T0-T4). Results: During the 3-month observation period, the relative decrease in the EF determined by echocardiography was -2.1% (Delta T0-T4, T0 71 +/- 7.8%, T4 69.5 +/- 7%, p = 0.04), whereas the decrease in SV observed using CW-Doppler was -6.5% (Delta T0-T4, T0 54 +/- 19.2 ml, T4 50.5 +/- 20.6 ml, p = 0.14). The kinetics for serum biomarkers were inversely correlated. Conclusions: Combining real-time CW-Doppler USCOM and serum biomarkers is feasible for monitoring the immediate and chronic hemodynamic changes during an anthracycline-based regimen; the results obtained were comparable to those from echocardiography.
Medizinische Fakultät - Digitale Hochschulschriften der LMU - Teil 13/19
Hintergrund Klinisches Standardverfahren zur Überwachung der linksventrikulären Funktion unter potenziell kardiotoxischer antineoplastischer Therapie ist die transthorakale Echokardiographie. Ziel dieser Studie war die Evaluation des USCOM® und der Laborparameter BNP, NT-proBNP und cTnI in der Überwachung der Herzfunktion unter potenziell kardiotoxischer antineoplastischer Therapie. Patienten und Methoden Bei insgesamt 68 Patienten [Anthrazykline (A) n=21, Trastuzumab (T) n=10, Bevaci-zumab (B) n=19, Cetuximab (C) n=18] wurde vor (T0) und nach (T1) der Infusion des potenziell kardiotoxischen Agens, nach einer Woche (T2) und nach drei Monaten (T3) eine Untersuchung mit dem USCOM® durchgeführt und die Laborspiegel bestimmt. Parallel dazu erfolgte eine echokardiographische Untersuchung vor und drei Monate nach Therapiebeginn. Die Ergebnisse von USCOM® (SVUSCOM), Echokardio-graphie (EFEcho) und die Laborspiegel wurden zu den jeweiligen Zeitpunkten korreliert. Ergebnisse Kein Patient entwickelte klinische Zeichen einer Herzinsuffizienz. Innerhalb der Patientengruppen korrelierten die in der Echokardiographie erhobenen Befunde (EFEcho) direkt mit den im USCOM® erhobenen Parametern (SVUSCOM) und indirekt mit den Spiegeln der natriuretschen Peptide. Der zeitliche Aufwand einer USCOM®-Untersuchung betrug dabei weniger als eine Minute. Zusammenfassung Das Doppler-basierte USCOM®-Verfahren ist ein nahezu risikofreies Verfahren zur schnellen, nicht-invasiven Analyse des HMV in Echtzeit und scheint zur Überwachung der kardialen Funktion unter potenziell kardiotoxischer antiproliferativer Therapie geeignet zu sein. Die Methode ist nach eine kurzen Lernphase leicht durchzuführen und kosteneffizient. Für die Anthrazyklintherapie scheinen die natriuretischen Peptide Marker früher myokardialer Schädigung zu sein. Zur weiteren Evaluation beider Verfahren sind umfangreichere Studien innerhalb definierter Patientengruppen notwendig und bereits initiiert.
Medizinische Fakultät - Digitale Hochschulschriften der LMU - Teil 10/19
Electromyogram-Biofeedback in Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Randomized Controlled Trial Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of EMG-biofeedback in patients with Fibromyalgia. Design: The study design was a randomized controlled pilot trial with blinded assessors and three points of assessment: before intervention (baseline, T0), at the end of treatment (T1) and a 3-months follow-up (T2). Setting: Outpatient clinic. Patients: Patients from the waiting list of the Fibromyalgia day hospital program fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Intervention: During eight weeks, 14 sessions of EMG-biofeedback training versus usual care only. Outcome Measures and Analysis: For primary outcome, the disease specific health status was followed using the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ). Secondary outcome measures comprise assessment of pain (Tender Point Score), tenderness (Tender Point Count = number of Tender Points, Pain Pressure Threshold), generic health status (SF-36), Patients’ Global Clinical Impression of Change and psychic impact (Beck depression Inventory, Symptom Checklist 90-Revised). Effects were analyzed with sensitivity statistics (effect size, ES), parametric and nonparametric tests. Results: The data of 36 patients with complete follow-up data could be analyzed. EMG-EMG-biofeedback did not improve health status of patients with Fibromyalgia (FIQ, T1: ES = 0.02, p = 0.95, T2: ES = 0.26, p = 0.43). Also, the secondary outcome measures, with the exception of the pressure pain threshold (T1: ES = 0.26, p = 0.014), showed no superiority of EMG-biofeedback in addition to usual care compared to usual care alone. Conclusion: In the treatment of patients with Fibromyalgia, EMG-biofeedback training in addition to usual medical care is not superior to usual medical care alone.
Tierärztliche Fakultät - Digitale Hochschulschriften der LMU - Teil 02/07
Um in der Versuchstierhaltung die Haltungsbedingungen und den Umgang mit den Tieren möglichst stressarm gestalten zu können, sind verlässliche Stressparameter notwendig. Bei Arbeitshunden werden Stressparameter benötigt, um ein möglichst effektives Trainingsprogramm, das die Tiere nicht überfordert, zu erstellen. Kortisol wird häufig verwendet, um eine Stressreaktion bei Tieren zu messen, aber die Interpretation der Ergebnisse kann schwierig sein. Bei Ratten steigt Histamin im Plasma auch nach einer milden Stressbelastung an. Deshalb sollte untersucht werden, ob sich die Histaminkonzentration im Plasma als Stressparameter bei Hunden eignet. Zwei verschiedene Gruppen von Hunden wurden für den Versuch verwendet. Laborhunde (n=6) wurden mit verschiedenen Situationen konfrontiert, von denen vermutet wurde, dass sie Stress bei den Tieren auslösen könnten. Die Plasma-Histaminkonzentration von Rettungshunden (n=16) im normalen Training wurde gemessen, um einen möglichen Einfluss von körperlicher Anstrengung auf die Histaminkonzentration bestimmen zu können. Zunächst wurden alle 4 Stunden über einen Zeitraum von 24 Stunden Blutproben von Laborhunden entnommen, um ein 24 h-Profil der Histamin- und der Kortisolkonzentration im Plasma erstellen zu können. Als nächstes wurde versucht, bei den Hunden durch Futterentzug und durch das Verbringen in eine unbekannte Umgebung Stress zu erzeugen. Bei sechzehn Lawinen-Rettungshunden wurden während vier verschiedener Belastungsarten Proben entnommen. Dabei handelte es sich entweder um Lauf- oder um Suchtraining, das jeweils im Sommer und im Winter durchgeführt wurde. Die Blutproben wurden vor Belastung, nach zwei Belastungsphasen und nach einer 2-stündigen Pause entnommen. Gleichzeitig wurden Körper- und Außentemperatur gemessen. Die Histaminwerte der Laborhunde wurden mit einer neu entwickelten High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Methode bestimmt. Bei den Rettungshunden wurde ein kommerzieller, auf Hundeplasmaproben neu kalibrierter, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) zur Histaminbestimmung verwendet. Die Kortisolkonzentration im Plasma wurde bei beiden Gruppen durch einen kommerziellen Luminescence Immunoassay (LIA) ermittelt, der ebenfalls neu auf Hundeplasma kalibriert wurde. Bei den Laborhunden zeigten weder die Histamin- noch die Kortisolkonzentration über 24 Stunden signifikante Veränderungen. Bei der einzelnen Auswertung der Tagesprofile der Tiere konnten Kortisol-Peaks zu unterschiedlichen Tageszeiten und dadurch große Varianzen der Kortisolwerte beobachtet werden Die Histaminkonzentration im Plasma wies eine geringere Varianz auf und veränderte sich im Tagesverlauf wenig. Futtererwartung und zweitägiger Futterentzug wirkten sich ebenso wie Fütterung nicht auf die Histamin- und Kortisolspiegel im Plasma der Hunde aus. Nachdem die Hunde für 30 Minuten in eine unbekannte Umgebung verbracht worden waren, stiegen die Kortisolwerte im Plasma signifikant an (37,3 ± 5,7 vs. 107,2 ± 18,1 nmol/l Plasma; MW ± SEM, P < 0,05), die Histaminwerte zeigten dagegen keine signifikanten Veränderungen (9,0 ± 1,3 vs. 8,5 ± 1,2 nmol/l Plasma; MW ± SEM). Bei den Rettungshunden konnten keine signifikanten Veränderungen der Histamin- und Kortisolwerte im Verlauf der vier verschiedenen Belastungsarten festgestellt werden. Der Vergleich der unter verschiedenen Belastungssituationen an den drei Entnahmezeitpunkten (T0, T60, T180) gemessenen Histamin- und Kortisolwerte zeigte keine signifikanten Unterschiede. Die Kortisolkonzentration im Plasma fiel nach der Suche im Winter signifikant ab und erreichte nach der Ruhepause wieder den basalen Spiegel (58,6 ± 12,3 (T0) vs. 26,7 ± 7,5 (T60) vs. 46,4 ± 5,9 (T180) nmol/l Plasma; MW ± SEM, P < 0,05). Im Sommer war die Histaminkonzentration vor Belastung signifikant höher als im Winter (8,7 ± 1,1 vs. 5,4 ± 1,1 nmol/l Plasma; MW ± SEM, P < 0.05) während die Kortisolkonzentration dazu tendierte (P = 0,09), im Winter höher zu sein als im Sommer. Eine Korrelation zwischen der Histaminkonzentration vor Belastung und der Außentemperatur konnte nur im Winter beobachtet werden. Es sind mehrere Gründe für den fehlenden Histaminanstieg im Plasma denkbar. Die gewählten Belastungen könnten nicht zu einer Stressreaktion geführt haben. Möglicherweise wurden Mastzellen zwar aktiviert, aber eine Degranulation mit Histaminfreisetzung könnte ausgeblieben sein. Auch ein effizienter Abbau von Histamin am Ort der Freisetzung oder in der Zirkulation kommt in Frage. Histamin scheint kein geeigneter Parameter für die untersuchten Stresssituationen bei Hunden zu sein. Ob Histaminmetaboliten oder spezifische Mastzellmediatoren zu diesem Zweck herangezogen werden können, muss in weiteren Untersuchungen überprüft werden.
Medizinische Fakultät - Digitale Hochschulschriften der LMU - Teil 03/19
Introduction: Stroke is the third leading cause of death, and is the leading cause of disabilities worldwide. Although stroke may result from localized cerebral ischemia, intracerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage or venous sinus thrombosis, ischemic stroke is the most frequently cause of the total cases. In ischemic stroke, occlusion of the MCA or its branches accounts for more than 3/4 of infarcts and two thirds of all first strokes. The main mechanisms causing ischemic strokes are embolism and arterial thromboembolism. No matter what the mechanism an ischemic stroke is, they eventually lead to a focal reduction of perfusion in the brain. In the hyperacute stage the recognition of the ischemia using both clinical assessment and routine neuroimaging technique implies some uncertainties, which in turn makes it difficult to predict the outcome, either to improve or to reverse spontaneously, to persist or worsen. The concept of diffusion/perfusion mismatch attracted great attention since it may represent the tissue at risk or at least an index of penumbra. Our interest was to investigate whether the hemodynamic parameters had correlation with clinical severity and if they were useful for prediction of outcome in the mismatch region. Since diffusion/perfusion mismatch was recognized as a simple and feasible means to identify the ischemic penumbra, we evaluated the hemodynamic parameters in acute stroke patients and compared these parameter to the stroke scale NIHSS and to the outcome score MRS to investigate our hypothesis. Materials and Methods: 35 acute stroke patients (male:female=20:15, age: 61.3±15.2 years) who met the study inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected. Significant cerebrovascular risk factors were recorded in 27 patients. The NIHSS assessment was immediately performed at the patients’ admission by a neurologist. Functional outcome was measured on the day of hospital discharge following MRS. Routine MRI sequences and DWI and PWI (dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced [DSC] imaging) were employed in our patients study. The perfusion maps were processed with MEDx® and the parameters were obtained by identifying ROIs on both ischemic core and mismatch region, and the normal mirror region. Relative values of the hemodynamic perfusion parameters were used in the evaluation. Statistic treatment was used to test the significance of the result. Results: The NIHSS score ranged from 0 to 19 (10.2±4.4) and the outcome MRS scale ranged from 0 to 6 (mean: 3.23). Between the good outcome group (MRS 0 to 3) and the poor outcome group (MRS 4 to 6), time to scan, type of treatment, DW/PW volume ratio, and age and female/male ratio did not show significant differences. In ischemic core: rCBF showed a remarkable decrease in all patients on average by 59.3±33.7% (range: 23.2 - 97.4%). rCBV decreased in 29 patients by 41.7±23.7% (range 19.6 - 55.6%), while 6 patients showed an increase of rCBV by 60.4±57.1% (range 0.7 -139%). The mean rCBV change of the entire group was 26.3±52.5%. MTT, TTP and T0 prolonged for 4.7 (SD=15.1), 2.8 (SD=12.9) and 0.5 (SD=10.4) seconds, respectively. In mismatch region: rCBF decreased in 15 patients by 26.2±19.9% (range: 5.3-58.4%) and increased in 20 patients by 35±23.2% (range: 6.8–74.4%). The change of the rCBF of the whole patients group was 5.8±38.4%. rCBV decreased in 7 patients by 14.7±16.5% (range: 0.8-44.5%) and increased in 28 patients by 39.5±36% (range: 2.2-91.1%). The mean change of the rCBV of the whole group was 19.9±31.2%. The mean value of MTT, TTP and T0 prolonged for 2.7 (SD=8.5), 3.2 (SD=5.2) and 1.3 (SD=4.2) seconds respectively. In both core and mismatch region, rCBF showed statistically significant regression to MRS. The more the rCBF decreased the higher the MRS (poor outcome) was. Also, the MTT delay in the core region was significantly related to MRS. TTP delay, in both core and mismatch region, was related to both NIHSS and MRS significantly. No statistic significance was found comparing CBV and T0 in relation with NIHSS or MRS. Conclusion: The hemodynamic parameters derived from perfusion MR imaging may be helpful adjunct to predict the outcome and severity in acute stroke patients. In mismatch region, the rCBF and TTP are predictive for the stroke outcome.
Fakultät für Geowissenschaften - Digitale Hochschulschriften der LMU
The main objective of this study is to investigate and model the viscosity of multicomponent natural silicate melts and constrain the compositional effects which affect such a parameter. The results of this study, relevant to all petrological and volcanological processes which involve some transport mechanism, will be applied to volcanic setting. An extensive experimental study was performed, which constituted the basis for the general modelling of Newtonian viscosity in terms of composition and temperature. Composition, viscosity and density of selected samples were investigated at different water contents. The experimental method involved measuring the viscosity of dry and hydrated melts under superliquidus and supercooled conditions. In the high temperature range (1050 – 1600 °C) viscosities from 10-0.5 to 105 Pa·s were obtained using a concentric cylinder apparatus. Measurements of both dry and hydrated samples in the low temperature (616-860 °C) - high viscosity (108.5 – 1012 Pa·s) interval, from glassy samples quenched after high temperature viscometry, were performed using the dilatometric method of micropenetration. Hydrated samples measured in the supercooled state were synthesized, using a piston cylinder apparatus, between 1100° and 1600° C at 10 kbar. Water contents were measured using the Karl Fischer Titration (KFT) method. Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used before and after the experiments in order to check that the water content was homogeneously distributed in the samples and that water had not been lost. Major element compositions of the dry remelted samples were determined using an electron microprobe. Newtonian viscosities of silicate liquids were investigated in a range between 10-1 to 1011.6 Pa s and parameterised using the non-linear 3 parameter (ATVF, BTVF and T0) TVF equation. The data provided in this work are combined also with previous data from Whittington et al. (2000, 2001); Dingwell et al. (1996); Neuville et al. (1993). There are strong numerical correlations between parameters (ATVF, BTVF and T0) that mask the effect of composition. Wide ranges of ATVF, BTVF and T0 values can be used to describe individual datasets. This is true even when the data are numerous, well-measured and span a wide range of experimental conditions. In particular, “strong” liquids (liquids that are Arrhenian or slightly deviate from Arrhenian behaviour) place only minor restrictions on the absolute ranges of ATVF, BTVF and T0. Therefore, strategies for modelling the effects on compositions should be built around high-quality datasets collected on non-Arrhenian liquids. x The relationships between important quantities such as the fragility F, characterizing the deviation from Arrhenian rheological behaviour, are quantified in terms of the chemical, structure-related parameter NBO/T. Initial addition of network modifying elements to a fully polymerised liquid (i.e. NBO/T=0) results in a rapid increase in F. However, at NBO/T values above 0.4-0.5 further addition of a network modifier has little effect on fragility. This parameterisation indicates that this sharp change in the variation of fragility with NBO/T is due to a sudden change in the configurational properties and rheological regimes, owing to the addition of network modifying elements. The resulting TVF parameterisation has been also used to build up a predictive model for Arrhenian to non-Arrhenian melt viscosity. The model accommodates the effect of composition via an empirical parameter called here the “structure modifier” (SM). SM is the summation of molar oxides of Ca, Mg, Mn, half of the total iron Fetot, Na and K. This approach is validated by the highly predictive capability of the viscosity model. The model reproduces all the original data set with about 10%, of the measured values of logη over the entire range of composition in the temperature interval 700-1600 °C. The combination of calorimetric and viscosimetric data has enabled a simple expression to be used to predict shear viscosity at the glass transition, that is the temperature which defines the transition from a liquid-like to a solid-like rheological behaviour. The basis for this stems from the equivalence of the relaxation times for both enthalpy and shear stress relaxation in a wide range of silicate melt compositions (Gottsmann et al., 2002). A shift factor that relates cooling rate data with viscosity at the glass transition appears to be slightly dependent on the melt composition. Finally, the effect of water content on decreasing the viscosity of silicate melts has also been parameterised using a modified TVF expression (Giordano et al., 2000). This leads to an improvement in our knowledge of the non-Arrhenian behaviour of silicate melts over a wide compositional range from basaltic to rhyolitic and from trachytic to peralkaline phonolite compositions in the temperature interval pertaining to volcanic and subvolcanic processes. The viscosities of natural hydrous basaltic liquids are shown to be lower than those of hydrous phonolites, whereas thachytes show viscosity that are higher than those of phonolites and lower that those of rhyolites. This is consistent with the style of eruption associated with these compositions, with trachytes generating eruptions that are dominantly explosive (e.g. xi Phlegrean Fields volcano), compared to the highly explosive style of rhyolitic volcanoes, the mixed explosive-effusive style of phonolitic volcanoes (e.g. Vesuvius) and the dominantly effusive style of basalts. Variations in composition between the trachytes translate into differences in liquid viscosity of nearly two orders of magnitude in dry conditions, and less than one order of magnitude in hydrous conditions. These differences increase significantly when the estimated eruptive temperatures of different eruptions at Phlegrean Fields are taken into account. At temperatures close to those of natural magmas and in the case of low viscosity hydrous liquids the uncertainty of the calculations is large, although it cannot be quantified, due to a lack of measurements under these conditions.
La ACNB considera que la subida de la T0 en un 128% supone el mayor varapalo a la náutica de la última década. "Así no se apoya al sector", afirma Rafael Palmer, gerente de la asociación de clubes náuticos de Baleares // Trofeo Vila de Palamós. Conexión con Xisco Gil, gerente de la FBV // Primera regata de piragüismo en pista de la temporada en el RCNP // Cañonazos quiroguianos // Parte meteo comentado con Juan Poyatos // Palabro náutico de Manolo Gómez
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