Podcasts about Ammonium

Monitoring vine nutrition is critical for pest and water stress resilience and the efficient production of quality grapes. Jenny Garley, Chief Science Officer at NEWAGE Laboratories discusses the differences between SAP analysis and tissue tests. SAP measures real time nutrient availability in vascular tissue. While tissue tests look at the nutrients stored in the leaf; some maybe available but most are not. Learn how SAP analysis can improve your nutrient management program, from reducing nitrogen inputs to managing trace elements for optimal plant nutrition. Resources:         115: Examining Plant Nutrient Mobility with SAP Analysis Grape growers turn to sap sampling to monitor crop NEWAGE Laboratories – SAP Analysis The Difference Between Leaf Tissue and Sap Analyses The Grower's Guide to Plant Sap Analysis Vineyard Team Programs: Juan Nevarez Memorial Scholarship - Donate SIP Certified – Show your care for the people and planet   Sustainable Ag Expo – The premiere winegrowing event of the year Sustainable Winegrowing On-Demand (Western SARE) – Learn at your own pace Vineyard Team – Become a Member Get More Subscribe wherever you listen so you never miss an episode on the latest science and research with the Sustainable Winegrowing Podcast. Since 1994, Vineyard Team has been your resource for workshops and field demonstrations, research, and events dedicated to the stewardship of our natural resources. Learn more at www.vineyardteam.org.   Transcript [00:00:00] Beth Vukmanic: Monitoring grape vine nutrition is critical for pest and water, stress resilliance and the efficient production of quality grapes. Welcome to sustainable. Winegrowing with the vineyard team. Where we bring. You the latest in science of research for the wine industry. [00:00:19] I'm Beth Vukmanic executive director. Since 1994 vineyard team has brought you the latest science-based practices. Experts growers and wine industry tools. Through both. In-field. And online education so that you can grow your business. Please. Raise a glass with us as we cheers to 30 years. [00:00:38] In today's podcast Craig Macmillan, critical resource manager at Niner wine estates with a long time. Sip certified vineyard and the first ever set certified winery speaks. Speaks with Jenny Garley chief science officer at new age. Laboratories. She discusses the differences between SAP analysis. Alesis and tissue testing. SAP measures real. Time, nutrient availability in the vascular tissue. While. Tissue tests. Look at nutrients stored in the leaf. Some may be available, but most are not. Learn how SAP. Analysis can improve your nutrient management program from reducing nitrogen inputs to managing trace elements for optimal plant. Nutrition. [00:01:21] Do you want to be more connected with the viticulture industry, but don't know where to start. Become. I'm a member of the vineyard team. Get access to the latest science-based. Practices experts, growers and wine industry tools through both in-field and online education so that you can grow your business. Visit vineyard team.org. And choose grower or business. Business. [00:01:43] To join the. Community of sustainable wine growers today now let's listen in [00:01:47] Craig Macmillan: our guest today is Jenny Garley. She is chief science officer at New Age Laboratories. And today we're going to talk about plant sap analysis and the idea of nitrogen conversion efficiency percentage. Welcome to the podcast, Jenny. [00:02:09] Jenny Garley: Thank you. Actually, thank you for having me back in your team. It's always lovely to speak with you guys and be a part of this. [00:02:19] Craig Macmillan: Yeah, we're glad you could come back. This is really great. I've heard about sap analysis in the past, a long time ago, and didn't really know anything about it because I was a dinosaur and when I was farming, I just did what I'd always done, what people told me to do, basically. That is, monitoring the nutritional status of vines is critical, obviously, for making fertilizer decisions, but also for making sure that they're happy and healthy. [00:02:39] You know, a vine that's in good balance is going to be resilient, going to tolerate different kinds of stresses, as well as basically be efficient. You know, it's going to produce a crop successfully. And with sustainability in mind in particular, our fertilizer decisions need to be directed. Now, traditionally, um, growers have used leaf tissue analysis of leaves and petioles, usually in the spring or at brazen. [00:03:03] Leaf sap analysis is another way of monitoring plant nutritional status. It's a very, very different way of going about it. What is the difference between the two methods? [00:03:10] Jenny Garley: I'm really glad you asked, because everybody asks this question, and it's very, very important, actually. Even though people use SAP and tissue sampling interchangeably, they are actually quite different from one another. So SAP measures the nutrient availability of the nutrients flowing in the vascular tissue, which is It's basically the xylem and phloem. [00:03:34] It provides a real time analysis of the nutrients that are available in the plant. And that is really one of the most important takeaways between sap and tissue, because tissue looks at the nutrients that are in the brick and mortar of the leaf that have gone into the leaf. Formation and development, the total nutrients, both available but mostly unavailable. [00:04:04] So those are huge differences there. Other differences is that tissue is taken from a singular aged leaf, just one. And then it's placed in a paper bag because that sample needs to be dehydrated. And then it needs to be ground, and then it needs to be ashed, and then it uses strong acid to form that analysis. [00:04:31] For SAP analysis, they only use linear pressure. No heat, no acid, no dehydration. Sap analysis, you need to sample a new yet fully developed leaf and an older yet functional leaf. And that is two points. And when you measure two points on a vine, that can give you mobility. And that is the second, uh, large difference between sap and tissue, is that one, sap gives you mobility. [00:05:04] And that it gives you available nutrients. Tissue gives you total nutrients from a singular age leaf. The way the analysis is done, there's heat, there's grinding, there's ash, and there's acid. What you lose in that is you lose, amongst many things, is sugar. No mobility. [00:05:27] Craig Macmillan: And when you're talking about BRICs, you're talking about carbohydrates that are in the SAP. So there's things that you can learn using SAP analysis that you wouldn't be able to learn using traditional, um, tissue analysis. [00:05:36] Jenny Garley: We're talking about leaf bricks, which is carbohydrates and soluble nutrients. When we're talking about bricks of the berry, of the grape, that's almost all sugar and quite different than a leaf brick. Thanks for bringing that up. [00:05:50] Craig Macmillan: So there's advantages then, because of the information that you get. What are the differences in terms of how you might interpret results from one to the other? Where, what I'm getting at is, let's say I've been doing traditional tissue analysis for, you know, ever. And then I go, yeah, the SAP analysis thing sounds pretty cool. [00:06:08] Am I just starting over? Is there any way I can connect the dots between the past and the present and make predictions about the future? [00:06:16] Jenny Garley: That's a good question. And we have people trying to do that all the time. Again, tissue is total nutrient analysis available and unavailable. SAP is what is available right now. So. Taking both tests, a lot of people do that, being able to equate them, that is different, they both give you different answers. [00:06:41] I wouldn't say starting over, I would just say giving more information, giving you another layer, a deeper understanding. Is how I would, I would put that I would just say you can only go so far with tissue and would you like to have a deeper understanding? Would you like to try to cut back on nitrogen? [00:07:03] Are you thinking that there could potentially be? An excess of nitrogen somewhere in your fertilizer program. SAP analysis can help you with that just as much as it can help you look at hidden hungers and or deficiencies. So if you want to talk about interpretation of SAP, we'll keep with the example of nitrogen since that's, um, the topic a lot. [00:07:28] Of today, nitrogen is highly flow mobile, and so when you see a physical deficiency on the vine, that means there's in nitrogen, that means there's been a prolonged nitrogen deficiency, and you see that yellowing in the older leaves, which is due to decreased chlorophyll synthesis. SOP analysis, taken early, can help you see those deficiencies in the report long before a physical symptom occurs. [00:08:01] Gives you time. SOP analysis gives you time. Some time, so the reason why SAP analysis can show you that is because again, we take a new yet fully functional leaf and an old yet viable leaf. So on a SAP report, when there is higher amounts of nitrogen in the new leaf as compared to the older leaf. That means those vines are trying to meet the greater demand in the new leaf. [00:08:30] They're not being given enough nitrogen, or they're not being able to take it up. So they're having to strip it out of the older leaves to meet that demand. And when that nitrogen moves out of the old leaf to the new leaf, that triggers a deficiency. That you can see on a report many times before that older leaves turn yellow. [00:08:53] Craig Macmillan: Which reminds me of something is the, what is the best timing to take samples for SAP analysis? [00:08:59] Jenny Garley: Again, great question. A lot of people like to think of sap, again, like tissue. And so they want to take just one or two samples. But sap is movement. It's flowing. It's nutrient uptake. Therefore, sap analysis is really made To be taken throughout the season and if you want a minimum amount if you're going to graph the nutrients over a season and really trying to Say cut back on nitrogen or say potassium. [00:09:33] You're going to need to have to graph that three points is the minimal amount of Data that you need to create a graph. So the minimum would be three I really like to say five. You can always cut back When the starting point usually for somebody that has never been involved in self analysis before would be a new leaf only. [00:09:59] And the reason I say that, you won't be able to see mobility, you will be able to see. cation and anion imbalances. And if you have a field with historical differences, um, than, than your other, than your other vineyards or problem areas, I highly recommend taking that about fifth leaf down on a brand new, in, in the springtime. [00:10:24] Because if you have a problem that you're trying to look at, Fighting it early is really the only thing that you can do. Waiting all the way until flower many times is, is too late to try to fight a deficiency and especially a toxicity. Really difficult to take the nutrients out of the plant. [00:10:46] Craig Macmillan: On the other end of the, uh, shoot, shall we say. The last fully functioning leaf, without like a Li Cor device or something like that, how can I pick which one of these older leaves is still really a functional leaf? And by that, do you mean in its full photosynthetic capacity? Because you've got what, it's about what, 40 days? [00:11:09] Um, is where the peak is? Something like that? Is it, are there visual signs? Is there something textural about it? Is there color about it that I can go, oh, I need to go five leaves up, or? Four leaves up, or whatever. [00:11:21] Jenny Garley: We provide pictures and protocols for taking a sap analysis, especially for vines. We have a beautiful picture of a vineyard, a vine, and where to take your new and your old leaf. Many times those older leaves are thicker. They're definitely darker in color than the new leaf, but we don't want to have a lot of crunchy edges. [00:11:45] And the reason I say that is because sap analysis, again, is a liquid, and if you send in leaves or somebody sends in leaves that looks like they've been raked up off the ground, that's essentially going to be a tissue test, not a sap analysis. That would be considered dead weight. We need about 90 to 100 grams per sample. [00:12:11] And if you. sent in a sample with a whole bunch of yellowing, crunchy leaves. That weight doesn't matter because we won't be able to extract any volume from it. So you'll need to go one to two up. That's why we say oldest yet viable leaf. We like to have some moisture in there. We need to be able to extract, um, a volume of sap from the vascular bundles. [00:12:40] So in a vineyard on a. Absolutely brand new, very healthy vineyard that the old yet viable leaf could be the oldest leaf, but on an older vineyard, maybe diseased, fighting something, having trouble taking up nutrients, maybe have some root issues, that oldest viable leaf might be the third up from the oldest leaf. [00:13:07] Because we do need a viable green leaf with moisture in it. [00:13:15] Craig Macmillan: Yeah, I'm kind of thinking about, um, the directions are good, and you have, uh, some resources to help. I'm also now thinking about, like, just touching, squeezing, breaking some of those older leaves. You can pop them off real easy. There's already an incision started, and you squeeze it, and there's nothing there. [00:13:29] And then other ones you can take, and they're nice and green, and you can rub them in your hands, and your hands turn green. You know, and you go, okay, that's probably the one that's gonna work. It's easy enough to do. So we're talking about nitrogen, but also you mentioned something else that made me think of something, and that is, what about other nutrients, including like, micronutrients? [00:13:44] Do those show up in SAP analysis, or is this just for nitrogen? [00:13:48] Jenny Garley: Absolutely. We have a whole trace element. area on a report. It goes in alphabetical order from aluminum, which is actually toxic. It's a heavy metal. We do provide that analysis for you going all the way down to zinc. The majority of trace elements are semi mobile to non mobile except molybdenum and nickel. [00:14:15] Those are mobile, but they're in very, very, very, very small quantities. So reading those on a SAP analysis is reading the parts per million. And not necessarily comparing the new to the old. [00:14:29] Craig Macmillan: So I can use this to make micronutrient decisions. You know, traditionally we take, um, Petio samples around Bloom set and then make decisions for applying some micros a month or so later, which has always been interesting to me because they need the micros earlier than that, but that's always been the way that was like, you just can't, well, okay, let's put it on there and hope for, hope for some, something next year, but that's the way we've always done it, it seems like we're kind of hoping that there'll be something there next year. [00:14:53] Now, SAP analysis, you had mentioned you can do quite early. So might I be able to do SAP analysis well before Bloom? Like you mentioned, like maybe once I have four leaves and I'm still in the elongation stage, the cluster, and get my readings and be able to make my micro decisions a little earlier. [00:15:10] Jenny Garley: Absolutely. Absolutely. And what you brought up is taking a traditional tissue test later after flower or even the veraison. You're right. You've missed the whole entire window of applying trace elements. Because trace elements, are so needed for photosynthesis and the plant really, really needs to photosynthesize, especially very early on to create energy for the vine, especially when they're trying to actually create leaves on that vine. [00:15:41] Trace elements are needed. Trace elements needed for enzymatic Actions and functions in the plant. And they're also basically there to help the macronutrients work better. All of those things need to happen very early on in the, in the plant. So yes, using SAP analysis to see how and if micronutrients are being taken up into the plant early on is vital in my opinion, [00:16:10] Craig Macmillan: That makes sense. Your lab has an interesting way of reporting Nitrogen because it takes different forms and you will see that in Tissue reports, but you have a whole different way of kind of expressing and interpreting them That's the nitrogen conversion efficiency percentage the nice percentage. I believe that's what you call it Tell us more about that. [00:16:32] I think I think it's an interesting concept [00:16:34] Jenny Garley: I have been talking about this for years and was doing the math for individual clients and companies. And I thought, you know, we should just put this on our report. Most people start on their SAP analysis path with nitrogen. There's a lot of interest in that. On a SAP analysis report, the lower the measurable N in nitrate and N in ammonium. [00:17:04] means that the plant taking up and converting the majority of nitrate and ammonium into amino acids and proteins. If there is high measurable nitrate or ammonium, the plant is having a conversion problem. And when the plant has a conversion problem, Before a grower goes and tries to add more nitrogen, they may want to figure out why their plants are unable to convert the nitrogen that the plants were already being given. [00:17:37] It's very, very important when sap analysis samples are taken that they are put in a cooler because in tissue, there's heat and grinding, which makes ammonium and nitrate volatilize. Which is why sap samples need to be kept cool in order for our NICE number to be the best it can be, to give the very best data. [00:18:06] When leaves get warm, you can no longer measure. Nitrate and ammonium. So, keeping those leaves cool and following those protocols, and I know I bring this up during nitrogen conversion, but you really do need to have cool leaves in order to have very, very good nitrate and ammonium numbers so that we can compare it to total N and give good, informative, nice percents. [00:18:32] Craig Macmillan: If I'm seeing and if I'm understanding this correctly if I have high Ammonium high nitrate that means we were not converting nitrogen into the forms that the plant needs, in terms of proteins, amino acids, things like that. Are there recommendations or practices or things that I might think about doing to influence that? [00:18:54] Jenny Garley: The first one, if the NICE number, the Nitrogen Conversion Efficiency percent, is low. So, low for grapes would be under 90. Grapes are actually fairly good at converting. If you were to look at corn or another crop, corn is actually very inefficient at converting. So, when we're talking about grapes, The nitrogen conversion efficiency percent really should be around 90 or above. [00:19:20] If it's not, and you're falling into the 80s, even getting into the 70s, the first thing I would look at is your total N, and is it excessive? If it's excessive, stop right there. Stop sign. Because the plants can only convert so much nitrogen in a 24 hour period, and if the plants are being overfed, that is number one on the list to Stop doing that practice because it's, it's creating poor conversion. [00:19:49] So that right there costs no more money for fertilizer. Just actually stop putting on nitrogen. And I would take another stop sample, get your report and see if. The new and the old leaves are actually, uh, very close together, very balanced. Because if you have a lot more nitrogen in that older leaf, that could be the problem for your nitrogen conversion right there. [00:20:14] Step two would be looking at your macronutrients that are involved. That would be sulfur, that would be magnesium. One people forget a lot is phosphorus. Phosphorus creates ATP. If you're putting a lot of nitrate in, your plants actually need more energy to convert nitrate into amino acids and proteins. [00:20:36] So that's another one to look at. The nitrogen conversion efficiency process actually means water. So looking at your water levels and are the vines getting enough water actually comes into play. One nutrient that people don't talk about a lot is calcium. Calcium is actually the master communicator nutrient, and so if calcium is quite low, the plant is having a hard time communicating for its needs, um, especially for nitrogen conversion. [00:21:10] And then going into your trace elements. Zinc, manganese, moly, copper, iron, those are all nutrients that are needed for good nitrogen conversion. [00:21:22] Craig Macmillan: So this would influence maybe my formulations, my choices. Sounds like my timing also might be influenced. [00:21:30] Jenny Garley: Yeah. Nitrogen conversion is very influential on other nutrient application timings. If you're because of the way some people have very large vineyards and they're not able to spoon feed nitrogen as much as they would want. So understanding what type of nitrogen they're putting out and putting other fertilizer that could help convert is, is huge. [00:21:55] Craig Macmillan: Which actually touches on another idea of talking about timing. I don't hear people talking about in season fertilization that much. Usually that's an end of season thing, and I think the philosophy is the plant's going to pull that up as it goes dormant, and it's in storage there in the trunk, ready to go for the spring, and then the plant will take it from there. [00:22:16] Obviously there's a big nitrogen demand during the growing season, SAP analysis would help you identify whether that demand is being met, or whether it is too great, or whatever. So this would be a way of fine tuning your fertilization program, potentially with a little spoon feeding in the middle of the season. [00:22:34] Does that make sense? [00:22:36] Jenny Garley: Oh yeah, that makes sense. Again, taking that SAP analysis as early as possible to really see, are you going deficient early on? You really don't want to go deficient early on in the season, especially if The majority of your nitrogen applications are in the ball. And how can you help the conversion if you are getting enough nitrogen but the vines aren't converting it very well. [00:23:02] So that really looks at dollars at that point. If you want to look at conversion, if you get down to the 70 percent mark, it means every dollar of nitrogen you're putting out, the plants are using 70 cents. So if you would like to make that 80 cents or 90 cents and actually try to pull back on your nitrogen, In order to do that, the plants have to become very, very efficient at the nitrogen they are being given. [00:23:27] And then people are really starting to be able to cut back on their nitrogen when their efficiency gets very good. And that's when people start pulling back 10 to 15, even 20, 30 percent, when they consistently have nitrogen conversion efficiency in the 90 percent. [00:23:46] Craig Macmillan: And it sounds like that's, um, influenced by some of these other micronutrients, um, like calcium, for instance, and phosphorus for the production of the ATP. Do you have some examples of clients that you've worked with that have adopted this technique and some of the changes they might have made? [00:24:02] Jenny Garley: The majority of people that start with SAP want to look at their nitrogen efficiency. They are somewhere in the middle of trying to make a decision on cutting back. And so I highly suggest, if that's where you are or somebody in the industry is looking, to take as many samples as you can for the first season and graph it out. [00:24:26] And you can see where the vines are taking up the most amount of nitrogen and where they actually start pushing it down to the older leaf. And right when they start pushing it down to the older leaf, that's a trigger for somebody that can make a management decision of, we add nitrogen and the plant is pushing it down to the, Older leaf, first of all, then vines aren't using it anymore. [00:24:51] Secondly, that's throwing away money because the plant is not using it. It's storing it. If you are going to use that nitrogen when the leaves. fall and try to incorporate that into the soil, great. But if you're going to prune it off, that, those are the decisions that you can make from that, that type of scenario. [00:25:15] Some folks are looking at, um, using this when they have high nitrates in their irrigation water, which is really problematic. And how to utilize the nitrogen that they already have during irrigation to convert it into amino acids and proteins so it doesn't affect fruit quality. That's another avenue that people have. [00:25:38] They already have the nitrogen there, they just need to convert it, they just need to utilize it. [00:25:42] Craig Macmillan: That's interesting. Yeah, I hadn't really thought about it that way, but that's true. What would be the one thing that you would tell a grape grower regarding this topic, in terms of the benefits of sap analysis or tissue analysis, or around managing your nitrogen and measuring what the conversion rate is? [00:25:58] What's the one piece of advice or one takeaway you would give a grower? [00:26:02] Jenny Garley: A lot of grape growers, wine grape growers, I talk to have a lot of vine stress. And if that's the case and you're using sap analysis to try to mitigate that, then you actually do need to look at your aluminum. And very few people do because when high amounts of aluminum are taking up, there is a stress. [00:26:23] Trying to mitigate that and looking at sap analysis And trying to see when that stress occurs. So, when your aluminum starts to go over one part per million, the vine can be starting into a stress. And sap analysis can see that early. Anything lower than a part per million, I call that background aluminum, because aluminum is in every single soil. [00:26:47] You're not going to get away from it. It's there naturally. So, When you're starting to see stress, then you need to look at other parameters such as E. C. electrical conductivity. A lot of people don't look at that either, but when elect electrical conductivity gets very high, the roots could actually be burning. [00:27:06] And that's not really a nutrient source. situation that is a watering situation that is a high salt index fertilizer situation. Those are things that can be seen in a SAP analysis early on and decisions can be made to try to mitigate stress and keep our vines happy and healthy longer. [00:27:28] Craig Macmillan: That is great advice. I just want to thank you for coming back. This is really great. And thanks for sharing your work, your insights. Our guest today has been Jenny Garley. She is Chief Science Officer at New Age Laboratories. Thanks for being on the podcast. This is really fun. [00:27:44] Jenny Garley: It was fun. I enjoyed. Thank you. It is. It is. [00:27:51] Craig Macmillan: That's what we're all about. Oh, and where can people find out more about you? And [00:27:55] Jenny Garley: on LinkedIn quite a bit. Jenny Garley. Uh, I also have my first article that I wrote in the Progressive Crop Consultant magazine, the January, February issue. And that is the difference between leaf tissue and sap analysis. And then, of course, New Age Laboratories, our website. [00:28:17] Beth Vukmanic: Thank you for listening. Today's podcast was brought to you by . Guillaume, grapevine nursery. Looking for top tier vines, Guillaume greapvine nursery pioneers in the nursery business since 1895 and serving Northern California since 2006 offers premium selections backed by generations of French expertise, providing the best genetic material for healthier growth and superior fruit to quality. Elevate your wine. With certified plants, you can trust. [00:28:52] Make sure you check out the show notes for links to Jenny Her article this this year and her previous interview on the sustainable wine growing pods. Podcast 115 examining plant nutrient mobility. With SAP analysis. If you like this show, do us a big favor by. By sharing it with a friend. Subscribing and leaving us a review. You can find all of the podcasts at vineyardteam.org/podcast. And you can reach us at podcast@vineyardteam.Org. Until next time, this is sustainable Winegrowing but the vineyard team.   Nearly perfect transcription by Descript

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 114*Did the Dwarf Planet Ceres Originate in the Asteroid Belt? A new study challenges earlier observations about the origins of Ceres, the largest body in the main asteroid belt. The findings suggest that Ceres may have formed where it currently orbits rather than in the outer solar system.*Galactic Mystery About Dark Matter and Stars Finally Resolved Astronomers have overturned a longstanding idea that stars and dark matter interact in inexplicable ways. New models suggest that the similarity in density structures across different galaxies might be due to previous oversimplified modelling rather than an actual interaction between stars and dark matter.*China's Secretive Space Plane Returns to Earth China's experimental reusable spacecraft has completed a 268-day orbital mission. While Beijing claims the mission was for peaceful Space operations, the spacecraft appeared to be inspecting other satellites, raising questions about its true purpose.www.spacetimewithstuartgary.comwww.bitesz.comThis week's guests include: Caro Derkenne an ASTRO 3D researcher from Macquarie University   And our regular guests: Alex Zaharov-Reutt from www.techadvice.life Tim Mendham from Australian Skeptics    

In this video episode of the Yara Crop Nutrition Podcast, Dr. Rob Mikkelsen, Director of Agronomy for Yara in North America, delves into the crucial topic of nitrogen nutrition in crops. He discusses the physiological preference of most common crops for nitrate nutrition over ammonium, explaining how the ionic charge of the nitrogen molecule impacts plant growth and soil conditions. Rob highlights various research findings, including those from Dr. Dharma Pichay at Tennessee State University, demonstrating the negative effects of ammonium on a range of crops such as almonds, apricots, tobacco, strawberries, and tomatoes. He emphasizes the goal of Yara to provide optimal crop nutrition through their nitrate-based fertilizers, ensuring plants reach their full potential. Tune in to learn more about the significance of nitrate nutrition and how it can enhance crop performance.

 Rejoignez ma newsletter : https://jamallazaar.fr/newsletter Le site de jean-Marie Defossez : https://coach-respiration.com/ Chaine YouTube de Jean-Marie : https://www.youtube.com/@coach-respiration Être en bonne santé grâce au nerf vague https://amzn.to/3SmvRMH 10 respiration thérapeutiques au service de votre santé https://amzn.to/3vGl9b9 Les bienfaits insoupçonnés du potassium https://amzn.to/3UaYvSa Mon grand guide du nerf vague https://amzn.to/49fFTFh (Les liens vers Amazon sont des liens affiliés) Chapitres du podcast : 00:00 Introduction et parcours de Jean-Marie Defossez08:24 L'impact de la sensibilité et de l'épuisement sur la santé18:21 L'importance de l'ammonium dans la fatigue chronique31:08 L'équilibre acide-base et son lien avec l'épuisement32:37 Les carences en protéines et leurs conséquences34:06 L'importance de l'équilibre entre les apports de protéines et de sucre rapide36:00 L'importance de l'acide chlorhydrique et du potassium dans la digestion38:25 Les apports insuffisants en potassium dans l'alimentation moderne39:16 Les fruits ne sont pas une source suffisante de potassium41:42 Les effets des sucres rapides sur la digestion des protéines44:06 L'importance de la respiration et de la vidange des poumons48:44 Les effets de la cuisson sur les sucres lents et rapides53:58 Les bactéries putréfiantes dans l'intestin et leur impact sur la santé56:26 La respiration comme outil de développement personnel57:23 L'importance de la respiration et de la vidange des poumons01:03:59 L'impact de l'élevage intensif sur la santé et le bien-être des animaux01:05:09 La douceur et la non-violence01:08:28 Le nerf vague et la détente01:16:58 Réduire le stress et trouver la douceur01:19:55 L'importance de la nature et des relations harmonieuses01:26:33 Exercice de respiration pour se détendre01:29:53 Conclusion et remerciements Ce podcast est l'endroit idéal pour obtenir votre dose d'inspiration et de motivation… mais pas que ! Vous apprendrez les habitudes, les rituels et le mindset qui ont fait la réussite de ces hommes et femmes d'exceptions. Chaque épisode vous plonge dans des histoires inspirantes de femmes et d'hommes exceptionnels. Les invités sont des auteurs, sportifs de haut niveau, entrepreneurs, artistes, etc. On parle de leur processus créatif, entrainements, prise de décisions, gestion du temps, gestion du stress, préparation mentale et bien plus encore. Je m'appelle Jamal Lazaar. Je suis formateur et auteur dans le domaine du développement personnel. Vous pouvez en savoir plus sur https://jamallazaar.fr/ Contact : Facebook https://www.facebook.com/jamallazaarfr Twitter https://twitter.com/jamallazaarfr Instagram https://www.instagram.com/jamallazaar/ Telegram https://t.me/jamallazaar Linkedin https://www.linkedin.com/in/jamallazaar/ YouTube https://www.youtube.com/c/jamallazaar Email : https://jamallazaar.fr/podcast 

This week we are joined by Richard Booth of the Libertarian Institute to discuss the topic of which he is an expert: the 1995 Bombing of the Edwin R. Murragh Building in Oklahoma City. We pick up some of the loose threads not mentioned in our last episode surrounding dubious characters of undetermined affiliation. We also discuss not wholly unrelated current events in the Middle East and the connection between the two. Find Richard's articles at richardbooth.substack.com and at thelibertarianinstitute.org/OKC This episode is Sponsored by Magic Mind, get 56% off a subscription or 20% off your one time order at www.magicmind.com/homos and use code HOMOS20 Don't forget to join our Telegram channel at T.me/historyhomos and to join our group chat at T.me/historyhomoschat The video version of the show is available on Youtube, bitchute, odysee. For weekly premium episodes or to contribute to the show subscribe to our channel at www.rokfin.com/historyhomos Any questions comments concerns or T-shirt/sticker requests can be leveled at historyhomos@gmail.com Later homos --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/historyhomos/support

Nitrogen fertilizer market activity is poised to continue reduced in Argentina, where farmers may switch corn acreage to soybeans, as soybeans' cost of production is lower than corn. Ammonium sulphate purchases are expected to intensify in October in Paraguay to supply corn crop fertilizer needs. Join Camila Dias, Argus Brazil Country Manager, and Renata Cardarelli, Deputy Editor for the Argus Brazil Grains and Fertilizer publication. They talk about the nitrogen demand in the Southern Cone markets. Argus produces a comprehensive suite of pricing and market intelligence services for the fertilizer industry. Find out more: https://www.argusmedia.com/en/fertilizer 

00:00 - Introduction01:03 - Types of algaecides01:52 - Copper sulfate04:54 - Quat and Polyquat (quaternary ammonia)08:11 - Enzymes conflict with polyquat algaecide too09:53 - Sodium bromide13:35 - Mineral systems and ionized metals16:09 - Ammonium sulfate and Dimethyl ammonium chloride19:14 - Polymers20:13 - Wrap up ------------------------------------Connect with Orenda TechnologiesWebsite: https://www.orendatech.comHelp Center: https://ask.orendatech.comBlog: https://blog.orendatech.comYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/user/OrendaTechnologiesFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/orendatech/Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/orendatechnologies/Swim Across America | Team Orenda: https://www.swimacrossamerica.org/goto/orenda

A large stockpile of the potentially explosive ammonium nitrate is being stored in the small Waikato town of Te Kowhai, without resource consent. Ammonium nitrate is the chemical that caused a major explosion in Beirut in 2020, when it was stored incorrectly. While the risk of it exploding has been assessed as "low", the storage of up to 349 tonnes of the material has alarmed the local community. Within just two kilometres of the site is a school, a childcare centre and a retirement village. It's also very close to a major gas pipeline. The Waikato Times has reported the material is owned by Australian company Orica, but is transported and stored in New Zealand by Move Logistics. It's now stored on a property owned by local company The Lummys Block Limited -- without resource consent -- the application has since been lodged and is sitting with the Waikato District Council. Kathryn speaks with Brian Palmer, chair of the Te Kowhai Community Group and Stephen Darby who owns the local childcare centre.

University of Minnesota Associate Professor Dan Kaiser highlights his research project that could help improve nitrogen fertilization rates in corn production.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

University of Minnesota Associate Professor Dan Kaiser highlights his research project that could help improve nitrogen fertilization rates in corn production.

The Canadian wildfires, or the wildfires in Canada, have burned for more than six weeks, resulting in numerous new fires throughout the country. Many people are suggesting that these fires were intentionally set, attributing this belief to the simultaneous outbreak of fires in the region. Is this another attempt in the name of climate control, or is something more sinister happening? Additionally, we discuss the possibility that the fires may be connected to the disappearance of over 61,000 pounds of ammonium nitrate, a chemical used both as a fertilizer and an ingredient in explosives. All of this and more on this episode of Canada Wildfires Conspiracy Podcast | Intentional Ammonium Nitrate IgnitionThis show is part of the Spreaker Prime Network, if you are interested in advertising on this podcast, contact us at https://www.spreaker.com/show/3294569/advertisement

On June 8th, 2023, former President of the United States, Donald J. Trump was formerly indicted by a federal grand jury in Miami. 37 felony counts have been filed against him, including charges related to mishandling classified documents, obstructing justice, and making false statements. The unsealed indictment alleges that Trump knowingly kepy hundreds of classified government records at his Florida residence, and conspired to prevent their return to U.S. officials. This decision, obviously has very little to do with the news (released also on June 9th) of current sitting President, Joe Biden, being accused of supposedly pocketing $5 million from Ukrainian energy company Burisma - per an FBI informant. Totally unrelated, but incredibly ironic just the same, since it circulated on the same day as well, LAS VEGAS ALIENS! They have arrived! We are not alone! This news actually stems from April 30th, 2023, but for some reason, also was heavily circulated via the mainstream media on June 9th. Despite these wild events, one such event that has been seemingly "memory-holed" is the missing California - Wyoming train shipment. The one carrying over 60,000 pounds of Ammonium nitrate? The missing train being reported by the company that shipped the substance in the first place? An explosive manufacturing company called Dyno Nobel. Join us in episode 91 as we discuss the Trump Indictment, Aliens in Vegas, the missing California - Wyoming train shipment, and how the distribution, and coverage of these events always seems to distract us from what may be the most important information. Additionally, we dive into our second Unceremoniously Ceremonial Whiskey Review! It's a great episode, and we hope you enjoy! Tune in every week for new episodes! If you'd like to support our podcast directly, you can do so ⁠⁠here⁠⁠. --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/wolf-and-the-bull-podcast/support

On June 8th, 2023, former President of the United States, Donald J. Trump was formally indicted by a federal grand jury in Miami. 37 felony counts have been filed against him, including charges related to mishandling classified documents, obstructing justice, and making false statements. The unsealed indictment alleges that Trump knowingly kept hundreds of classified government records at his Florida residence, and conspired to prevent their return to U.S. officials. This decision, obviously has very little to do with the news (also released on June 9th) of the current sitting President, Joe Biden, being accused of supposedly pocketing $5 million from Ukrainian energy company Burisma - per an FBI informant. It's totally unrelated, but incredibly ironic, since it circulated on the same day as well, LAS VEGAS ALIENS! They have arrived! We are not alone! This news actually stems from April 30th, 2023, but for some reason, also was heavily circulated via the mainstream media on June 9th. Despite these wild events, one such event that's been seemingly "memory-holed" is the missing California - Wyoming train shipment. The one carrying over 60,000 pounds of Ammonium nitrate? The missing train being reported by the company that shipped the substance in the first place? An explosive manufacturing company called Dyno Nobel. Join us in episode 91 as we discuss the Trump Indictment, Aliens in Vegas, the missing California - Wyoming train shipment, and how the distribution, and coverage of these events always seem to distract us from what may be the most important information. Additionally, we dive into our second Unceremoniously Ceremonial Whiskey Review! It's a great episode, and we hope you enjoy it! Tune in every week for new episodes! If you'd like to support our podcast directly, you can do so ⁠⁠here⁠⁠. --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/wolf-and-the-bull-podcast/support

This is a wild discussion with Irina Slav, author, international podcast host, Substack author, and comedian. (Just read some of her articles, and the humor permeates your views on the world.)One of the things that are so fun talking with Irna is that she has such a breadth of knowledge and global contacts to get the facts. She gets the details on how energy decisions impact consumers and other markets. Run of Show00:00 - Intro02:45 - Attacks on the Dutch farmers, on the farmers in the U.S05:40 - 30 tons of Ammonium Nitrate went missing in the United States07:32 - When pigs fly08:33 - What's going on with the EU leadership?12:41 - Ursula is being Investigated about a deal with Pfizer about Covid Vaccines17:47 - What do you see coming around for this next week in Energy?20:11 - Are you seeing all of the Oil traders going away?20:53 - When you Weaponize the dollar, people will go away from it22:29 - Energy Transition, the weekly conversation23:56 - OutroPlease follow and subscribe to Irina on her Substack HERE, OilPrice.com, and the Energy Transition podcast with Armon Cavahna, Tammy Nemeth, and David Blackmon. That podcast is available on all major podcast channels and is shot live every Monday morning.

Missing Ammonium Nitrate and News and Views. For all of your consulting and training needs give us a call at 845-269-5772 or drop us an email at Jim@safetywars.com. WE NOW HAVE A LIVE SHOW EVERY Weekday AT 8 TO 9 PM EST ON SAFETYFM.COM WE ARE AVAILABLE ON YOUR FAVORITE PODCAST PLATFORM AS SAFETY WARS. #Jimpoesl #safetywars #safetyfm #jayallen #HOP #Humanandorganizationalperformanc #safety #osha #safetywarslive #jcptechnicalservices #safetytraining #mediabias #happyholidays #suicide #coldstress #smartgoals #disasterprep #forklifts #energypolicy

Rob and Arlo break down some hot topics of the week. Also fellas do you use your dominate hand to pee with? Thank God the dude in this episodes WTF did not!!  --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/rob-west8/support

May question and answer episode. If you have a question you'd like answered, please send and email to info@drtimsaquatics.com  Timestamps 0:00 Start 1:25 -1 Fishless cycle on a new tank using media from an existing system. Will I see nitrite or just ammonia drop? Does the seasoned media instantly pull the ammonia out? 4:52 -2 Can I dose Eco-Balance and Waste Away in my ATO water supply? 11:35 -3 Are your products 3rd party tested? 13:12 -4 Foxface eating bits of Waste-Away Gels.. help 14:59 -5  Any suggestions on how I can improve the color of my SPS?  16:39 -6 Issues with a newly added 150g frag tank and when to use Waste-Away Gels  20:44 -7 Can I dose Eco-Balance during the treatment for Dinos or if I should dose it after?   22:42 -8  Ammonium chloride now showing up in test kits. 24:56 -9  No change after adding Ammonium Chloride solution to 2.0 mg.  26:50 -10 Issues with cycling a 100 gallon tank 29:34 -11 What if you use prime or something like that to detoxify the ammonia first before drip acclimating? And how should shrimp be acclimated? 31:50 -12 Reptile Systems- Where can I purchase replacement bulbs? 33:28 -13 Does Eco-Balance contain Iron?  33:55 -14 2 weeks into cycling, ammonia at 0, nitrites are 1+ and nitrates are 5. Should I do a water change?

22 May 2023 AM Show - Eliminate State Sanctioned Theft: No More Property Taxes - Dominion Whines, Where Did the Ammonium Nitrate Go? Like, Comment, Share, and SUBSCRIBE! On Rumble: https://rumble.com/user/ConservativeDaily On Foxhole: https://pilled.net/profile/181316 Follow us on Social Media: https://libertylinks.io/ConservativeDaily https://libertylinks.io/JoeOltmann https://libertylinks.io/Apollo https://libertylinks.io/PaulFleuret We might get canceled again…don't miss anything important. Subscribe to our newsletter: https://bit.ly/joinconservativedaily If you want to support the show, you can donate here: http://bit.ly/cd-donate https://www.americaneducationdefenders.com/ is a 501c3 that creates education content to enable children to have fun and develop their gifts! 10% off with Promo Code CD23 All proceeds enable Paul to create more amazing content! Support and protect your family and your second amendment NOW. DCF Guns is your one-stop-shop for firearms, ammunition, body armor, gear, and training. Get prepared for anything at https://www.dcfguns.co/ and use Promo Code JOE for 5% Discount online. Get the best coffee that only TRUE PATRIOTS can handle at https://beardedmancoffee.com/ and use Promo Code 1776 Support the fight for our nation by use promo code CD21 to get up to 66% off at https://www.mypillow.com/radiospecials or by placing your order over the phone at 800-872-0627. BUY 1 GET 1 FREE Special on the MyPillow 2.0 with Code CD21 Become a Conservative Daily member right now for massive savings on Faxblasts and member only perks! Use the link and sign up today! https://conservative-daily.com/forms/Step1b Text FREEDOM to 89517 to get added to our text list to receive notifications when we go Live! Privacy Policy: https://conservative-daily.com/Legal/Privacy Terms: https://conservative-daily.com/Legal/Terms Reply STOP to stop further text messages from Conservative Daily. Message and Data Rates may apply. Need help? (855) 954-6644 or reply HELP. Subscribe to our daily podcast at Apple Podcasts: http://bit.ly/ConservativeDailyPodcast We are also available on Spotify! https://open.spotify.com/show/2wD8YleiBM8bu0l3ahBLDN And on Pandora: https://www.pandora.com/podcast/conservative-daily-podcast/PC:37034 And on iHeart Radio: https://www.iheart.com/podcast/256-conservative-daily-podcast-53710765/ on TuneIn: https://tunein.com/radio/Conservative-Daily-Podcast-p1350272/ And now also on Audible! https://www.audible.com/pd/Conservative-Daily-Podcast-Podcast/B08JJQQ4M Support Joe Oltmann in his legal battle against Eric Coomer: https://givesendgo.com/defendjoeoltmann

Unearthing Dark Connections: Nazi U-Haul and the Ammonium Nitrate Enigma (Parental Advisory Mild Language) Last night we dove into the 60k pounds of Ammonia Nitrate that is missing, the sudden Nazi uprising that the media is pushing, and how so many individual headlines seem connected. Matt and Olivia lay it out in a special 68 minute episode!  Watch till the end. Let us know what you think!  ⏺ Follow us on all social media:  @theDUMshow  ⏺ Website:  http://www.thedumshow.com ⏺ Rumble:  https://rumble.com/theDUMshow/live Please help us get the word about the show. Thanks!  --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/thedumshow/message

https://nypost.com/2023/05/20/60000-tons-of-explosive-chemical-lost-in-shipping-report/ Follow me for more content on these platforms! Twitter- https://twitter.com/Insideforwalls

https://nypost.com/2023/05/20/60000-tons-of-explosive-chemical-lost-in-shipping-report/ Follow me for more content on these platforms! Twitter- https://twitter.com/Insideforwalls

On today's episode… someone lost 60,000 pounds of explosive material… and homeless vets, the saddest story of all time, and the Satanists are back at it! 00:00 Intro ☕ Cup of Coffee in the Big Time ☕ 03:26 Fun Fact: Ella Harper 06:12 Ray Stevenson unexpectedly passes away at 58, no cause of death given for actor 07:50 Carmelo Anthony announces retirement from NBA after 19 seasons 08:38 The Celtics are getting embarrassed by the Miami Heat, and the Lakers need 2016 Lebron ASAP 09:39 Jeff Bezos and Lauren Sanchez 'all over each other' after 20-carat diamond proposal 11:15 Sen. Tim Scott jumps into the 2024 presidential race 14:38 Fake image of Pentagon explosion sends stock market into a downward spiral 16:48 Bryan Kohberger arraignment: Not guilty plea entered for Idaho murders 18:24 $400,000 per missile: Pentagon falling victim to price gouging by military contractors 20:07 George Soros fund nears $400M deal to buy Vice Media out of bankruptcy 20:47 60,000 pounds of an explosive chemical lost during rail shipment, officials say 22:14 Man on Reddit upset he can't sleep in the nude with new neighbors nearby: 'Only so much I can do'

Remember the tragic and devastating Oklahoma City bombing? That utilized 5,000 lbs. of ammonium nitrate. Well, now 60,000 lbs have gone missing and no one can account for it, Drew discusses. Plus, the U.S. is sending F-16s and training support to Ukraine, RFK Jr. is being prevented from primarying Joe Biden and Tucker's issues continue to deepen with Fox News. RUMBLE: See the full LIVE show on Rumble. Subscribe, Watch and Engage at https://rumble.com/DrewBerquist SUPPORT THE SHOW: Love Common Sense And Want To Keep Free Speech Alive? Support the Show. https://www.drewberquist.com/support/ SHOW SPONSORS AND AUDIENCE DISCOUNTS The Root Brands- Get rid of heavy metals and toxins in your body! Purchase Clean Slate and other Root Brands products here: https://www.rootbrandswellness.com/drewberquist Mammoth Nation - Shop Conservative and push back against the woke left. Become a member at https://mammothnation.com/ and use promo code DREW to save 30% on your membership. Heavens Harvest - Be prepared with survival food, water filtration and heirloom seeds. Get ahead and save at HeavensHarvest.com. Use promo code DREW to save! https://HeavensHarvest.com My Pillow - Get the best night's sleep of your life and save! Use Promo Code DREW to save up to 66% off your purchase at https://MyPillow.com My Patriot Cigars - Enjoy for yourself or give the gift of an outstanding smoke for freedom loving Americans at https://MyPatriotCigars.com use promo code DREW to save 15% off your order.

https://nutrientsurvival.com Use code YT10 for 10% off. 60 thousand pounds of explosive chemicals somehow just disappeared. That's right – a railcar carrying 30 tons of ammonium nitrate is gone. If that substance sounds remotely familiar, it's because it was the same stuff that Timothy McVeigh used to blow up the Oklahoma City building. Except he only used 5,000 pounds of the stuff – and we're talking about 60,000 pounds of it. That's only, I don't know, 12 times as much – and it's just missing. The company that loaded it up on the train, and shipped it off is called Dyno Noble. And they make explosives. Lots of them. But when asked about the railcar showing up empty at its destination – a spokesperson for the company said that they suspect a it was leak that occurred and that it poses no threat to the environment. I guess, since the chemical is also used in fertilizer, everyone is just waiting for the grass along the rail line to green up from it, so we can all go back to sleep. But for me, I'm more concerned. You see folks, we've heard sound bites like this before. And no doubt, the powers that be want to keep this one on the down low. So you're not going to see it on the front page of the Times. In fact, I could only find 2 news articles about it. Why cause panic right. Well here's why. 60,000 pounds of ammonium nitrate is unaccounted for. And that can make a lot of bombs. Just google it. You'll find that ammonium nitrate forms all kinds of explosives when combined with other things like TNT, aluminum powder, or just plain old fuel oil. Yep, combining ammonium nitrate with that last one fuel oil makes ANFO – it's so simple it's widely used as a bulk industrial explosive. And if you think Oklahoma City in 1995 was an isolated incident – think again. Ammonium nitrate-based explosives were also used in the Sterling Hall bombing in Madison, Wisconsin in 1970… the 2011 Delhi bombings… the 2011 bombing in Oslo… and the 2013 Hyderabad, India blasts. In fact, the substance posed such a threat, that the government of Pakistan imposed a band to prevent insurgents from using these cheap, easy to make, easy to use explosive. But we're told, there's nothing to worry about. Some people at the railroad line that did the shipping, Union Pacific, also said there's nothing to worry about. It was probably a leak and the only thing we're going to see is green grass along the tracks. Really? They obviously don't understand mankind. Man's nature. I'm talking boys and their bombs. And if bad boys, bad men get their hands on 60,000 pounds of explosive ingredient --- well… I think bad things could happen. And besides that, I also don't trust the people feeding us these lines anymore. This stuff was shipped last month, the report of it missing was filed on May 10, and now another week later, the public is finally hearing about it. It left full, and arrived empty. This doesn't just happen by accident. Somethings going on. And it might just explain why one of my sources has counted over 1,000 observation flights that have been circling the Western states looking for something in the past couple weeks. Hmmmm. It's a little early for deer season. What do you think's going on Wolf Pack? Am I over-reacting here? should we go back to sleep and trust everything's going to be alright. Please… Share your comments below, and make sure you subscribe, turn your notification bell on, and hit that like button. Until next time, be ready, be strong, be alert and keep on prepping.  @FoxNews   @oann   @NewsmaxTV   @NewsNationTV   @news  #foxnews #breakingnews #conservative

An Iraq War veteran and FBI whistleblower is rendered effectively homeless by the agency (along with his wife and four kids) for daring to expose the political persecutions happening. Plus, 60,000 pounds of ammonium nitrate go missing between Wyoming and California - you know, the stuff that the Oklahoma City bomber used. And finally, the suspected killer of a jogger in Arizona, who uses "they/them" pronouns, now tells cops he wanted to look like his alleged female victim.Guests:Matt Braynard | Executive Director, Look Ahead AmericaKen Davis | Regulatory Attorney & Former Corporate ExecutiveRaymond Ibrahim | Author, "Defenders of the West: The Christian Heroes Who Stood Against Islam"Libby Emmons | Editor-in-Chief, The Post MillennialJohn Rossomando | National Security Researcher

Rep. Cori Bush (D-MO), a member of the far-left “Squad” in Congress, introduced legislation on Wednesday that would provide a federal reparations program for black Americans. California's reparations task force was supposed to be a no-lose political stunt to burnish Governor Gavin Newsom's credentials as he angles toward higher office. Instead, it's exposing the inherent absurdity of the entire concept of reparations and turning into a major political liability for Newsom. California's pot industry could be on the verge of an “extinction event,” with pot shops going out of business as they miss tax payments and sink under millions of dollars of debt. Crazy story out of California with origins in Cheyenne: A rail shipment carrying 60,000 pounds of ammonium nitrate, used as a fertilizer but also in explosives, are missing from a rail shipment that was due to arrive in California this week from Wyoming. US News and World Report has released its list of the best places to live in the country, and it includes some Central California cities. We found some of the strangest and quirkiest municipal codes on the books in Fresno and ClovisSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Jetzt im Mai sind die meisten Landwirtinnen und Landwirte bereits durch mit der Stickstoffdüngung. Doch nach der Düngung ist ja bekanntlich vor der Düngung. Und bestimmt lässt sich die Düngestrategie einiger Hörer noch optimieren. Deshalb ist diese Episode vollgepackt mit Wissen über Stickstoff. Warum ist er so wichtig? Wie wirkt er überhaupt und wann am besten? Worauf sollte bei der N-Düngung geachtet werden? Sören Hersemann, Landwirt und Yara-Fachberater, gibt Antworten auf diese und viele weitere Fragen. Bei Fragen und Themenvorschlägen: podcast@yara.com Mehr zum Thema und über Yara: Webseite: https://www.yara.de/ Instagram – yaradeutschland: https://www.instagram.com/yaradeutschland/ Kapitelmarken 00:00 Intro und Begrüßung 00:01:40 Stickstoff ist Motor des Pflanzenwachstums 00:03:50 Warum Stickstoff gedüngt werden muss 00:05:00 Über Ammonium und Nitrat 00:06:30 Risiken bei Ammonium dominiertem N-Dünger 00:07:30 Die Nitrifikation ist kaum planbar 00:10:25 Gedanken zur Düngestrategie 00:12:40 Wie sich Nitratauswaschung reduzieren lässt 00:15:10 Stickstoffdüngung mit Harnstoff 00:18:30 Zusammenfassung: Was sollte ich bei der Stickstoffdüngung beachten? 00:21:05 Verabschiedung und Outro

Welche Bedeutung hat das Element Stickstoff für das Leben auf unserem Planeten?

VLOG March 3: Ex-Rep Buyer asks mis-trial; Corona brew-haha & sentencings of Melzer and Masoud, UN @AntonioGuterres sells ammonium for Russia but taps Cindy McCain, P5 scam

James visits his first solar farm in Saskatchewan: a single axis bifacial 13mW site near Weyburn. A closer look at Green Hydrogen and Canada's new agreements with Germany to produce it. Brian finally finds an air-source heatpump installer in his home town.  What's faster than a Lamborghini and a Ferrari? A Kia. No joke. Anti-lock brakes are coming to electric bicycles. Dodge has wrecked the idea that electric vehicles will be quiet because the Dodge Charger EV will make noise. A lot of noise. A V8 amount of noise. Will Germany balk at shutting down all of its nuclear power by the end of the year? How far does a wind turbine have to be away from shore before it's not an eye sore: Wind Turbine Visibility and Visual Impact Threshold Distances in Western Landscapes Study link (pdf) Thanks for listening to our show! Consider rating The Clean Energy Show on iTunes, Spotify or wherever you listen to our show. Follow us on TikTok! Check out our YouTube Channel! Follow us on Twitter! Your hosts: James Whittingham https://twitter.com/jewhittingham Brian Stockton: https://twitter.com/brianstockton Email us at cleanenergyshow@gmail.com Leave us an online voicemail at http://speakpipe.com/cleanenergyshow Tell your friends about us on social media! ==transcript== Hello, and welcome to episode 129 of the clean Energy show. I'm Brian Stockton. I'm James Whittingham. This week, I take a closer look at green hydrogen. Apparently, there is a whole, whole rainbow of hydrogen, Brian. Gray, blue, purple, turquoise I'm not even kidding. And even black and white hydrogen. And that's when you watch old footage of the Hindenburg exploding. What's faster than a Lamborghini and a Ferrari? Aka. That's right, Akia. In other news, up is down, black is white, and James is a handsome son of a bitch. You're damn straight. Plus, we asked, and sure enough, there is a study on how far out offshore wind turbines have to be before you can really see them. It's roughly the same distance that France keeps the United Kingdom away. Antilon brakes are coming to electric bicycles. That's right. The nanny state wants you to stop flying over your front handlebars, all in the name of safety. All that and more on this edition of the clean energy show. And also this week, Brian, I visit my first utility solar farm and Dodge. Dodge? Yes. They're making an EV, and they've wrecked the idea that electric vehicles will be quiet, and I'm quite angry about that. And will Germany block it, shutting down all of its nuclear power by the end of the year? I hope you're doing well. You were off last week due to back injury. Yeah, I never thought it would be bad enough that I couldn't record a podcast, but I did contemplate, like, lying flat on my back and somehow getting a microphone. But that would have been so much work to set up. If I had a servant to kind of set all that up for me, I could have done it. Yeah. In the meantime, it's now manageable, I guess, and hopefully it doesn't happen again. It will. It keeps happening. I mean, is this the worst it's ever been? Yeah, I would say so, but I don't know. I feel like I've got a handle on the right stretching that I need to do, so hopefully it's okay. Well, glad to hear, because all the preparation I had for last year, I've forgotten it now. I had a lot ready to go with that. Seemed like distant memories. Now it's only a week ago. Wow. My opening jokes. I wrote those last week. Last week. I thought they seemed dated. Yeah, that news is a little bit stale, but I thought they were both worth talking about. So right after I guess it was Friday, I went to a utility solar farm in Waburn that is an hour and a half south of us. Now, my son and I just he was feeling I basically said, we can't do the vacation he wanted to do. So I said, hey, let's just go on a little road trip. And then I thought, well, maybe I should go look at that solar farm an hour and a half south because it's the direction we haven't gone very often and found it fairly easily. It's not far from the small city of, what, 10,000 people or something like that. And it is the first one that I've seen in our own jurisdiction here ever because they just started putting them online. It puts out up to 10 MW into the system. It's rated at 13, though. So basically in the summer when it goes over ten, they waste whatever is over ten. The grid can't handle it. It's near a substation. What struck me disappointingly, though, was how small it was. Okay, this is run by this is a partnership between, I think, two First Nations, a solar company from Halifax, Nova Scotia, the east coast of Canada that we actually get some information from because I have some questions on the previous show and they're very helpful. But I was struck at how small it was. I haven't seen a lot of solar farms in my day. I've been through California and Arizona, and I probably haven't seen them all down there, but I saw a few, and what I saw were old and big. And this struck me as 2005 ish like it just seemed like, give it the times, man. Yeah, you're late to get on the grid, but what do you need to prove? What about solar? I mean, I've had solar for how many years have you had it? Five or six years now? Yeah, five or six years. We know it works and we're hooked up to the same utility. Why can't you just, I don't know, triple the size of it? But isn't that also encouraging? Because it kind of looks small, but you're still getting 10. Seems pretty good. It's not, though, compared to the size of what they're building now, including in our neighboring province of Alberta, they're building things many times that in one fell swoop. Well, first of all, when I got there, I heard this noise and I thought, oh, solar panels make noise. And I looked up and it was a guy in a riding lawn mower. At first I thought the panels weren't working. So let me describe what this is. This is a single access solar farm. So if you're new to what that is, I'm going to describe it in simple terms. Imagine a rod going from south to north, hoisted up above the ground by about, let's say six or seven, 8ft up. And then the panels are placed elongated on there along that tube, and they rotate to the east in the morning when the sun comes up in the east. And at noon, they're flat. But I was there at 04:00 in the afternoon and they were flat. So I think they made them flat for the guy who was mowing, because there was a few off in the distance that were where they should have been, which is facing west. So they will track the sun from east to west and get more power in the morning than they otherwise would. Ultimately, normally, a fixed panel faces south at the best angle to get the most sun year round over the course of a year. Well, these follow it. So the pattern of that, if you look at the chart that I have there, you know how our charts are. They're kind of a bell curve. Is that fair to say? Yeah. Shaped like a bell? Yes. This one is kind of like a flattened bell, so instead of gradually going up, it shoots up fairly quickly and then it's flat throughout the most of the day up around where our peak is and then comes back down again. So I don't see how it can get as much sun midday as a panel that's fixed and facing an optional direction. Maybe that peak should be a bit lower on that chart that I'm showing you. But that's basically the idea that you put this money into tracking equipment and extra hardware and it will give you more sun throughout the day from the same panels because it will track. And then also, Brian, of course, these are bifacial, so they will pick up sun off the ground, so they're spaced out so that there is some unshadowed ground to pick up. But also when they announced this, they said there was going to be goats and or sheep grazing there, so it could be multi use. But that hasn't happened yet. Maybe eventually it was a bit underwhelming. I was hoping for something bigger. Basically, they're making another one near the landfill in Regina here, and I drove by that on the way home to see what's up with that. It's going they're actually marked out where everything's going to go and they're going to have a battery installation project there. It's just that Brian, we're the sunniest place in Canada. Come on, man, we could do better than this. Plus, we've got like half of our grid is coal powered. We could do better, it seems like. Oh, we don't trust this, we're scared of this. Maybe we need to build a big places near the coal plants, which would work out fairly well because that's part of our sunniest belt is down where the coal plants are. Ironically, that would be cool. Yeah. Well, maybe that's how all the coal ended up there was from all the sunshine. Well, I remember you had a story about coal plants shutting down in the United States and they were putting solar around because the grid ties were already there. Yeah, no, it totally, absolutely makes sense. And yeah, like, of course, on my own house, I've got solar. You've got solar. But I am trying to electrify everything in my house, so I'm quickly finding out that I should have installed maybe three times as many solar panels when I initially did my project. How could you do that? No, there's not much room left, but it is what it is. But I did finally talk to somebody who was willing and HVAC installer, willing to put in an air source heat pump to heat my house. How did you find this person? Just googling and making an inquiry on the web. Okay, where did you make the inquiry to the person you Googled? Yeah, the company. Okay, well, that's cool. Yeah. And I think I had maybe contacted them a few months ago and they never got back to me or everybody's super busy in the trade. But I finally did hear from them and yes, they do air source heat pumps in our ridiculously frigid cold climate. I was just worried I would not ever find somebody who just wasn't even willing to take out a natural gas furnace. But anyway, so it is possible it is being done around here. They also do geothermal, but they don't typically recommend that for urban properties, they prefer to do geothermal. For rural properties, where you have more space, you can do a horizontal pipe rather than if it's in the city, you've got to do a vertical, and those aren't quite as good and very expensive. So this is still expensive in our source heat pump, but it's going to be a lot less than geothermal. And I think this is definitely the way of the future, even around here. So I think I'm probably going to do it. My son was asking me about this because I was telling them and he was saying, why is Brian spending so much money to be first to have a zero footprint? And I said, I don't know. I've just been thinking about it for years and years. As soon as I went solar, my thought was, okay, excellent, I've got the solar. Now how do I get rid of my furnace? It just seemed like the logical next step. It's just you're spending a lot of money on these things and you're not getting the payback for it, you're doing it, and you're not really saving the planet, you're just lowering your own footprint, which is admirable, of course, to everyone listening to the show. Yeah. The catch here is, of course, like 30% of our grid is coal fired. So I think in terms of my carbon footprint, I'll probably end up kind of it'll be a bit of a wash, but of course, eventually the grid here will clean up. And the other thing is, we do have grants available for this in Canada. It's not as generous as the ones recently announced in the US with the biden. What was that called again? Inflation Reduction Act. That's correct, yes. I did the first step, which is apply for the Canada Greener Homes grant. You fill out a thing on the web, so they're going to do an evaluation of my home, and then you get up to five grand for green type renovations, and there's a little bit of a provincial tax rebate, so I might get a couple of grand back there. Yeah, it's expensive. But again, the other impetus was we don't have air conditioning here and so I just didn't want to put in normal air conditioning and then 510 years ago from now have to rip it up because everyone's going to have to get rid of their natural gas in five or ten years. So it's definitely going to cost more than just putting in air conditioning, but it gets rid of my natural gas. So yeah, we'll see how it goes. Will it get rid of your natural gas? Will you use resistive heating as a backup? Yeah, this unit has resistive heater backup which is not efficient. And not cheap to run no, once it hits -20 the heat pump has difficulty so the resistance heat backs up. Right now my natural gas bill is $110 a month, equalized throughout the year, so I should be able to get that to zero. So it probably will still end up costing more than that. It will be probably more than an extra $100. Are we talking water heating here too? Yeah, so the unit that they showed me, it's a Nordic heat pump. It doesn't heat your hot water, but apparently it preheats it. So this is a function of this particular one that they're selling to me. It does like 30% to 50% of your hot water needs, so it sort of preheats your hot water and then you need a regular hot water heater to kind of finish it off. But the idea like I have a natural gas water heater too, so switch that out to a heat pump water heater hopefully. Okay, well, it's tricky where we live because it does get down to -40 it can you have to plan for the worst case scenarios. Yeah, and certainly minus twenty s and thirty s celsius and minus forty fahrenheit celsius is possible. Yeah, but this was super encouraging to find that this is actually being done around here, that we are still going to be the last probably to get off natural gas because this is not going to be cheap and there is a subsidy, but it's still going to be kind of expensive. But yeah, this is totally possible and hopefully I can prove that and report back well, I do expect subsidies to come down in Canada too, eventually because this is planned and we are heavily influenced by what the state does with policy. Sometimes that hurts us and sometimes it helps us. But also heat pumps are generally put into highly insulated houses. It's like an electric car. When you make an electric car, it can do as much as maybe you want it to with the battery size. So you make the cars lighter. You use carbon fiber, you use aluminum, and in the case of a house, you make it the most energy efficient you can. So are you taking any steps there? Yeah, well, we have over the years like we've upgraded the windows. And we have spray foam, a bunch of my bomb shelters spray foam here. As I mentioned last week, it's also patty in case there is a bomb. Nice and soft. And we're doing our part of our roof this year as well. So I was reporting we've got leaks in our roof, so we're going to spray foam that over the next several months so the house will be much better insulated than when we bought it. And then the only thing left to go would be, like, the bedrooms and the living room could still use some extra insulation. So we probably will do that next. But having our vaulted ceiling properly installated will actually help a lot. Oh, Brian, I want to say a shout out to Matthew Pointer, who pulled up beside me and his Tesla yesterday, and much to my daughter's amusement, had a conversation with me between cars. She's never seen that before. I said, Girl, in the old days, people used to stop and talk. Strangers would talk. But he's one of the people in the local EV community, and he had roof racks on his Tesla. I asked him, Why are the roof racks on? And he says, Because I might use them for skiing. And of course, it's not skiing season, water skiing season. I guess it just leaves them on and they're cool roof racks. The Tesla roof racks, they look slick, but he says they're also pretty easy to take off and don't affect his range, to go out of range in his car. Another thing I wanted to mention is that I saw a commercial because we downloaded this app called Fubo for soccer, because that's where the English Premier League soccer is on this year. They're always changing rights. Now it's a different app, by the way. It's better than The Zone, which it was last time, but more expensive. And they have weird ads on these things, okay. Because it's new and they don't know who to sell ads to. So I saw lots of ads for North Dakota repeated over and over again. Okay? Apparently, North Dakota is a cool place with one tall building, which I believe we stayed in when we went to the Faracle Film Festival there. I'm not North Dakota. I love it. There's many aspects of North Dakota I love. And I just saw an ad for lab grown diamonds, and we just talked about that on the show not long ago, and now I'm seeing ads for it. It's commercialized, but I'm wondering now that it's real, if you were a person who I don't like diamond. I don't give a crap about diamonds. I'm not married. I don't believe in that stuff. I'm not an old romantic person. But if you were with a lab grown diamond, be a cop out compared to a real diamond for people. I'm asking you to speculate here, but do you think that there'd be any difference or would you even tell the person you're giving it to? Hey, it was growing a lab hunting from a Big Mac that was rotting in the corner. Is it the kind of thing where a guy could put on one of those loops in a diamond shop and look at it and go, oh, this is lab grown, this is crap? That's a good question. And if you are a listener, we have a lot of smart people listening to the show email as Cleanenergy Show at a@gmail.com that's a question I'd love to know the answer to. That's a very interesting question. Yeah, because I think it's something like cubic zirconia. That's another one where the professionals can tell the difference between a cubic zirconia and a diamond. But you and I probably not. So they'll have less value if they're easier to make. The question is because Canada's North relies on diamond mining, it's a big industrial economic impact up there. Will it be affected? I don't know. However, of course, lab grown diamonds have less environmental impact, which is why we're talking about them in the first place. Another thing I saw when I was searching for cars, trying to buy one, as I was on the Hyundai Canada website and I noticed something new there. They said, try an EV before you buy an EV, so you can book a multi day test drive with an EV. I think it's a great idea. And they're using the service, what's it called? Turtle, which I guess is in some Canadian cities now, I think Vancouver and Toronto, perhaps we can't do it everywhere. But that would be one where you could manually just go rent one at Turtle in the States, people have done that and just had one for a few days to see how they like it, because it's hard. I'd like to drive one and see what they're like, really. But Hyundai also, they're having a hard time keeping up with demand. So do they really need a program like this to sell EVs? Because they tend to sell out pretty quickly. I think I saw somebody on Facebook had an EV six, and where we live are they out already? I didn't know they were coming. They caught me by surprise. Yeah, there's at least one around. So they're starting to trickle out. The question is, how many will they make? Because I'm hoping the demand is there. The reviews are still flowing in for the iconic Five. And we talked last time about Mike having one, a friend of mine, and he really loves it. No. And we have an update coming up as well on the EB Six. But also I wanted to mention I saw Arivian in the wild. Aribian R one T electric pickup truck. I didn't know that any had made it up here, anywhere near here, but it was just outside of Moosejaw, my favorite town. Moose Jaw on the Trans Canada. The number one that goes coast to coast, east to west. Yeah, and that's interesting because other people have spotted them previously in the summer. I wonder if somebody's test driving one back and forth or what's going on with that. I don't know, but hopefully the charging situation is okay for them since they were on the Trans Canada. As we've said many times, the Don Tesla charging situation isn't great. Also, I thought I'd mentioned, because I am looking as a Chevy Bolt EV, that there was a fellow on the Chevy bolt form that had 200,000 miles on his 2020 bolt, and that's 322,000. These were mostly highway miles because he has a really long commute. I don't know why. Maybe he's a drug dealer, who could say? But he's charged to do a run runner, he charges you 100% every day and using it all plus one or two fast charges per day for a very long commute. And by my calculations on what he showed off the dash, it may have lost 15% of its range, which isn't bad. I mean, this is no, you don't expect any car to last 322,000 km or 200,000 miles. And the fact that this isn't just handed off to some teenager to use for local driving at that point, which is how I see EVs going when they lose their range. But it's still a pretty good range and he's still using it for that purpose. He's having to fast charge it maybe a bit more often, especially in the wintertime, he says, when it gets cold. I don't know what his definition of cold is. And also a shout out to Nestor's Bakery up in Saskatoon, our sister city here in the province, that has an electric transit van, a Ford Transit van electric, which is I didn't think we see any of those around either. There's a picture of it on Facebook, and they say they save enough in gas by switching discs to make the van payment. I believe it's free and good for the environment, good for your business brand. They're not even factoring in maintenance. So that, Brian, as we know, as we say all the time, is what's going to really move things along when people start to realize because money speaks, money talks, and when money starts making a difference. Let's get into some updates from past shows. Finland's new nuclear plant has had to cut power to zero from a failed turbine. Yeah, we've mentioned this nuclear plant before because it was finally coming online. And I think I initially reported on this because it was a good news story, because we seem to be sort of bashing nuclear a lot lately because it's so expensive and there's all these delays and cost overruns and it's literally taking decades to get these things up. But since this one in Finland was coming online, I thought, okay, we better report on this. But yeah, power dropped to zero on Monday, so they're still in trial operations. It's not in full blown operation. And they had a turbine fail, sort of killed the whole thing. Nothing dangerous, nothing exploded or melted down or anything. But this reactor was supposed to start production in 2009. That's how long it's taken. And it's going to be apparently a few months more because it's not working right now. Brian, when things are 13 years overdue, money gets spent in that time. So it's not just time, it's money. Yeah. And it's a 1.6 gigawatt reactor that's going to be the fifth reactor in Finland and its biggest reactor, and this is expected to produce 14% of the country's electricity. You put up a solar farm, can put it up in a few months, and it will work. Yeah. And you and I aren't nuclear scientists. Well, no, technically. So that will influence our decision around these things. But solar, wind and batteries are so damn simple. Why don't we move to that and we'll talk about that a bit more when we get to Germany later on? And I know I bring him up, but my boy says, dad, you know what the world's biggest greenhouse gas is? Do you know the answer to this? That's right there in the script. So of course you do. Like the biggest admirer the biggest greenhouse gas that is there in the atmosphere is water vapor. Okay. And you know what? Hydrogen emits water vapor. Is this going to be a problem? Well, I heard about it on a podcast, a good podcast. Was it ours? And it wasn't ours. It was actual people who it was really an in the weeds podcast with experts in the field, talking to other only experts who are working in the industry listen to it. And they said that more study needs to be done because it hasn't been studied. So if you're looking at airliners flying around and emitting water vapor, is that a good thing? Maybe people have some comments and you know how to get a hold of US clean energy show@gmail.com. But I just wanted to throw that out there because he was giving me a hard time about that. And now something for some extremely disappointing news. We tried to focus on the good news. Here's some disappointing news. The Dodge Charger, that is the muscle car that you hear driving down your street at night, eleven at night, waking you up because some teenager has got to feel better about himself. So he bought a Dodge Charger, a muscle car, as they call them. They still exist. They were a big thing in the know. You had a Pinto and called it a muscle car. Was it a Pinto or something? No, I had a grand. Grand. It's even worse, I think. I think I had a Pinto like a week before it broke. Literally. I'm not even kidding. Yeah, so they're making an EV, and they're going to make them all EVs, but they have noise, pretend noise. Brian in fact, the whole back is this pretend exhaust was essentially a dispersion speaker for V eight engine noise. And this is what it sounds like. Yeah, I'm going to boo that guy off the road. The first person to buy one of those, because you'll have the option of turning the stupid thing off. And then you go to a muffler shop. Muffler shops will now be like an audio visual place where they'll put in a bigger amp to make the car louder. Yeah. You know what? That's probably a really good business to get into. There you go, kids. If you're just still in high school, there's a business opportunity for you, and that is just depressing. We don't want cars to make noise because if you get beat by a Porsche, the Porsche doesn't make any noise. What are you emulating? You're emulating a slow car. Good for you. I know. People keep telling me on the street, I like the sound of the smell of fumes. Well, you're going to die early and good luck to you. I don't know. Brian and Elon Musk news this week, and I hesitate to even mention his name anymore. He says, Population collapse due to low birth rates is a much bigger risk to civilization than global warming. I'll repeat that population collapse due to low birth rates is much bigger risk to civilization than global warming. This is a guy who's trying to save global warming by advancing, speeding up the electrification of transportation, which he has successfully done, I would argue. I've known this. We've all known this. We all knew that we would solve hunger and the world would become more equitable and we would educate people would get access to education. We'd stop having 20 babies, right. The birth rate would go down to what it is in, say, Quebec is like 2.0 per person, and that is a declining birth rate. So you bring in people from other countries, eventually everyone's going to catch up. We're all going to have a middle class and maybe not make so many babies. I mean, it's not like we're all going to go to make babies. Brian that's my argument. We're not going to go out and say, oh, I got to save the planet and make 20 kids like he is and name them weird. Yeah. No, there was another quote of his in the news this week, too, where he said we got to keep drilling for oil and gas. But that's just kind of an obvious statement. But anything he says tends to make the news. So yeah, I don't know if it's as big a problem as he says, but I don't know. It's a slow moving train wreck. We'll hopefully have time to figure that out. Well, the economies work on expansion, like our right wing government here in this prairie province. Farming agricultural centric and oil centric brings in immigrants so that the population can expand because nobody wants. To live here. Our population is expanding, our economy is moving because we need to build houses, we need to build more restaurants, we need to build more clothing stores and expand roads and construction and all that. Yeah, we need an equilibrium where maybe we have stable population. But this is something that rethink X, Tony Siba at all have talked about. They're starting to talk about deep things like this, like the world in the future, guaranteed incomes might be necessary. We have to rethink how people will make money when AI takes over a lot of jobs and so forth. So yeah, it's a big question and I don't think a lot of people are actually thinking about that because sometimes these things sneak up on you. Sometimes they can come faster than ever. Back to Kia, we were talking about the EV six not long ago. So they've got a GT version coming out. This is the all electric Kia EV six. The GT version is going to be even faster. And I just like the headline here. We'll beat a Ferrari and a Lamborghini in a race. This is from the electric website.   So yeah, this is faster than a Ferrari Roma, faster than a Lamborghini Hurricane or an Evo spider. And this is a reasonably priced I don't think they've announced the price yet, but this will be available to customers later this year. Will this be something similar to your little sports car that you had? Your, what is it? The Hyundai Veloster? Yeah, I would still call it a hatchback, but it's probably called a crossover. It's the same as the EV six crossover that we've talked about before, which is a nice little car, but the lostr was sold as a sporty vehicle for those that live prices or perhaps young people. Yes, this is definitely more of a sporty version, but it's got the same body shape. It's basically the same car. Yeah, I don't know. And no word on the range either. The range on these is just kind of okay, I think. And you'll probably lose a bit of range with the extra fast version. But I don't know, I just think that's super fun. A Kia that goes that fast. The mythical Tesla Roadster version two, which has been promised forever since the cyber truck. Or that's not the cyber truck. The semi would go, what, 2.9 without the rocket? Pass. No, be under 2 seconds because the plat is already under 2 seconds. Also be like 1.9. Yeah, maybe even quicker. They're talking about putting a SpaceX rocket. It's going to have to shoot like adhesive down on the roadway so that it can not spin its tires at that speed. Yes, that's always an issue. Wow. Tire manufacturers are going to have to keep up. At first they were making low rolling resistance, fuel efficient tires vs. Now they have to make them so they can hug the road and not turn into dust just when you accelerate. Brian, something I'm very interested in that is the wind turbine visibility. I asked this question on our last show, and I said, does anybody out there know, is there a study? And sure enough, there is. The US. Government, of all people, studied this very thing, and they did studies with get this professional lookers. I don't know who these people are or what it takes to become one, but I commend you for having that on your business card because that is impressive. So the concern here is that if we put a bunch of offshore wind turbines off the coast, it's going to be unsightly and people will be upset. An ocean view is a beautiful thing. Now you've got your ships out there, and in a lot of places you have warships, I noticed, like down in San Diego, and not only were there warships, there were helicopters doing drills right off the beach. In fact, there was one that hovered, I swear, for an hour and a half it's probably Tom Cruise just shooting. It could have been Tom Cruise. What am I thinking? It was Tom Cruise. Of course it was Tom Cruise. Anyway, we talked recently about the Great Lakes because there was a study that said the Great Lakes can do well. There's some that are deeper than others. The smaller ones could do a significant power. But the Great Lakes hold enough potential for wind energy to power the entire United States. And that's interesting because they're close to population centers, close to grid tieins. Well, these professional lookers came up with they have different categories, lettered categories, de and so forth. And you've got your giant wind turbines, which are basically the ones that the extra large ones. So they have ratings for that. They have ratings for small, medium, and large. They've rated them because you can see them in the distance where you can barely notice them, or you can see them right in front of you and say, oh, that's ugly, and see the whole thing spinning. Or you can barely notice them, or you cannot see them at all. These are the different categories. So category D was clearly visible, with moderate impact becoming less distinct. E was less distinct, size is reduced. Then you get down to negligible or no impact anyway. So negligible or no impact at all for a small offshore wind turbine is 20 km or 12.4 miles. Okay? Now, your biggest turbine, your extra large ones, is up to 40 km or 25 miles. So that's the answer. And it's easy because there's always environmental impacts and things like that. You don't want to have people disrupted. Like Ted Kennedy Jr. He was against wind farms off his coast, which are just now finally got approved this week. Yeah, that's how far it goes back, because he's no longer with us for a long time, somewhere in the middle. The low impact of movement is noticeable in good light, but not normally. And so that's about 10 for a small one and 22 to 27 km, or 13.7 miles for the biggest ones. Yeah, there is a way that's not that far, because on the east coast of North America, there is a large ocean shelf that makes oil drilling and this sort of thing really practical that hasn't been exploited yet. So there's great potential there. And we were talking about Japan recently, which only has a 25 kilometer shelf, but floating wind turbines could go further than that if you wanted to. So, yeah, I'll put this chart in the show notes and you can have a look at it yourself. And again, it was the US. Department of Energy. So the biggest turbines, again, suggest about 40 km away and smaller ones 20 km if you don't want to have any negligible visual impact. And getting back to what I was just talking about from Clean Techa, the Cape Cod Offshore Wind Project, america's first, believe it or not, is finally, officially moving ahead after years of opposition. The Vineyard Wind One is described as the nation's first commercial scale offshore wind farm. The project will utilize 60 213 megawatt heliodx wind turbines. Those are the big mothers, the big ones, the biggest ones there are. They're talking about slightly bigger ones now, but those are huge. I think the wind sweep is like two football fields. It's just massive. And they're also going to have an offshore substation out there and that power will be transferred to shore via 220 volts cables. This is the thing that the locals were concerned about. They weren't concerned any longer about the offshore visibility, they were more concerned about the cables. They had to go through town. So what they did is they made a deal with the town and said that they're going to it's called Covels Beach, and they're going to dig up the roads and put the cable under the roads. And while those roads are dug up, they're going to fix the infrastructure of sewers and whatnot, and storm drains, and that's going to save them money. So the 800 megawatt project that is approaching a nuclear reactor in output is located 15 miles off the coast, so it's fairly close. And these are the big ones, so you will see them and they will generate electricity for more than 40,000 homes and businesses in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and create 3600 full time equivalent job hours. That's not jobs, that's job hours. And, of course, what we like to talk about, it's going to save customers of electricity $1.4 billion over the first 20 years of operation. So clean energy, people, saves the planet and saves your wallet, because energy I saw a study that said people's electricity bills, even by 2030, will be reduced by $9 a month or something like that. So, yeah, it's happening. And by the time we get to our climate goals, hopefully at 2040 to 2050, electricity is going to be given away a lot of times. Fantastic. OK, another story here from Electric. They're reporting on Bosch, the Electric motor and appliance company. They've come up with antilock brakes for electric brakes, which is something I never thought of, never thought was even maybe necessary, but I just liked this story because it's a good example of the progress that we could make once we start taking these kinds of things seriously, like electric bikes. So, yeah, we've had anti lock brakes in cars for years. I didn't like them at first because it seemed like kind of unnecessarily complicated and I was worried it was just going to be one of those things that breaks on your car, like quit working doesn't mean brakes. Yeah, I don't know, they've been great. Antelope brakes are great where we live in the winter because you can stomp on the brakes and not slide around on the ice. You can still keep steering your car when you just lock up the wheels in your car. You can't steer, you just have to slide around like an idiot. But antilock brakes give you a little bit more control, so it only makes sense to do this on bicycles as well. So these were shown off at Eurobike 2022, an exhibition recently in Europe, and Electric took these for a ride and it looks fantastic. Have you ever locked up your front brakes on a bike and flown over the handlebars? I don't even want to talk about it. That's how bad it is. We were talking before the show about the evolution of home videos and the cameras. Well, that little flip camera, guess how it got broken going over your hand on my handlebars down a hill. It was a mountain biking course and it did go down quicker than I thought and there was just I could have paralyzed myself. I basically did a somersault as a much lighter man, but it was not pleasant. And this was only about eight years ago, seven years ago, yes, it was scary and whole body feels like it got hit by a truck and then you start to shake it off. Is anything broken? So the answer to your query, yes. One time in my twenty s, I went over my front handlebars. It's no fun, but yeah, Antelope breaks will absolutely be fantastic. So hopefully that starts to become and they mentioned here in the article that it's great for things like cargo bikes. So electric cargo bikes are going to be a huge thing in cities for doing deliveries and stuff, and that's a particular case where you can get a lot of momentum with kind of a heavy cargo bike and you don't want to be locking up those wheels in any way. So, yeah, this is a nice step forward. I'd be curious to try them. And, you know, I remember when I used to go to the bicycle shops a lot, that they used to go away to the bike shows this time of year. This is the exact time of year when the bike conventions are on and all your greasy bike mechanics from the local shops go out and on vacation. Duke God knows what in Las Vegas. Ebikes. Not e, motorcycles. Not electric motorcycles. But bikes are going over highway speeds now because occasionally you will see them with that spec with a new bike announcement on electric or somewhere. And I'm thinking, okay, that's not good. But it's all about control, right? So if you do have any lock brakes, then that may change the equation. I mean, I'm scared going at my peak of my ebikes, 25 miles an hour type of thing. So I don't know. Brian we've got many press releases and I got one that I was kind of interested in doing the interview on, and that is because last week the Chancellor of Germany was coming to our country to make various announcements and agreements. And on his last day on Tuesday, he went out to the east coast of Newfoundland and Labrador and was making an announcement about green hydrogen. And one of the countries in Canada that is trying to do green hydrogen out there got a hold of me and wanted me to interview the CEO. Now, our schedule is never hooked up, but I started doing research into it and I started to get ill feelings about the whole thing about A, green hydrogen and how is this viable and B, like, are these companies just sort of jumping on the government teeth at the time when they're desperate to fight climate change? And is this legitimate? I'm starting to feel like I was just getting bad vibes about the whole thing. So I did some research into green hydrogen and I came to the conclusion that the first thing that we should use green hydrogen for is not Germany's. Electricity needs to get off Russian fuels, fossil fuels, but to use it for what it's used for now. And it's used in oil refinery, refinery, refinery oil refinery. Ammonia production and methanol production as well as steel production. And I think maybe some cement production is possible as well. So ammonia is used in fertilizers. So if we can get off the ungreen hydrogen now, that makes emissions. When you make that hydrogen, that's where we should first apply. This 4% of hydrogen in the world is currently green. That's not very much. And there's a great expense to how they do it. What they do with green hydrogen is use process called electrolysis, where you put basically two high electric probes in water and you split the water's atoms and separate the hydrogen from it. That's very energy intense. And those electrolysis machines are very expensive now and they're trying to get them down in price like wind and solar. But there's some debate as to how that's even possible. So they're talking about shipping it to Germany. And in order to do that, because hydrogen is not like gasoline, you have to cool it down and make it solid, okay. Because it just takes up so much volume. So you have to make it really cold. Now you can make Ammonium cold, but not as cold, and do that. You don't have to make it as cold. You can turn it back into hydrogen again on the other side. But the person we were going to talk to, he bought this brownfield oil storage facility in Nova Scotia, and he plans on putting up wind turbines, 100 or so wind turbines to power the place phase one and offshore for phase two. And he's put $100 million of his own money into it because he's a rich guy with lots of investments from prior times and he has expertise in setting something like this up. But, yeah, I mean, it's 160 wind turbines on Charlotte the locals aren't thrilled about. And they started getting that shoved down their throats really quickly. They haven't had time. And that's all these things take time. But he's got this brownfield oil storage place, which apparently is great. And there's a deep shipping channel there. I think it's like 27 meters or something. So you can get ships in and out to ship it. And that's all you that's a big step forward for this particular company. But there are, critics say, 24 separate government agencies right now that have to provide the stamp for this to go forward. For something like this, that's a lot. And that means years and years and years. Yeah. Well, back to that issue of Complication. It's so much more complicated than solar, wind and battery. And that's my thought. It's complicated as expensive. And in Alberta, they streamlined oil exploration and development so that you go to one agency and they take care of everything. We're going to have to do something like that if things like hydrogen are going to be sped up, because that's a problem with solar. Like Australia took away the green tape, or the red tape rather, and replaced green tape and makes it cheaper and faster. Faster means cheaper because you don't have to sit around and all that. It's just a better process. So it expanded really rapidly once they did that. So there's also blue hydrogen, which they're making next door in Alberta and the oil rich profits of Alberta. But they say they're going to capture that carbon that's from natural gas. So you have to capture the emissions from that. And that's not practical. Yeah, so green hydrogen is made with clean electricity, so it should be 100% emissions free. Blue hydrogen is made from fossil fuels, but you can capture the carbon and then make it kind of clean. And there's lots of hydrogen projects going on in the world, lots of them and this will be maybe one of the first in North America. But the thing is, it's just going to take so much time. I don't doubt there's going to be an appetite for a market for it. Okay. There's going to be an insatiable market to buy green hydrogen, just like there's an insatiable market to buy green energy. Amazon wants to have green energy. They put up a million solar farms or whatever, like dozens, and counter do them, I don't know. And they'll just do that and Microsoft, et cetera, et cetera. Well, that's happening. And people will want green hydrogen as well. And green steel made from green hydrogen. So we'll see. Yeah, Germany seems to be definitely on the forefront of this hydrogen. And there was a story, this was from CNN that the very first hydrogen powered train line has now started running full time in Germany. So they've got 14 hydrogen powered trains. These are fuel cell hydrogen vehicles, so emissions free. And as long as the hydrogen is made in an emissions free way, then this is an emissions free system. I don't know, it doesn't say how the hydrogen is made. I'd be surprised if it's fully green hydrogen. But yeah, this is a thing that is actually working now. And they still have some diesel trains that they plan to replace, but this project has started. They have about a 1000 kilometer range on these hydrogen trains. So they can run basically do their route all day without refilling. But they just have refilling stations at either end of the line. And yes, this is the thing that's now working well in California. California has like, I don't know, maybe 34 hydrogen refilling stations for cars. There's like six in maybe Vermont or somewhere for Bernie's friends, but they're all in California. Half of them aren't working. It's very expensive to fill your car, very expensive. They're hoping to get the cost of these electrolyzers down where they could fuel a vehicle and be cost competitive with fossil fuels. And they won't even need blue hydrogen, but you need to be able to commit to that. Then there needs to be just the difficulty of refueling and transporting is just such a major thing to do. Yeah, it's almost like you need your green hydrogen plant right next to where the storage is, like for this train line. If they could actually make the green hydrogen at both ends of the rail line, but it's just probably not practical to do that everywhere. We're going to potentially need this hydrogen. The question my partner asked when they were watching the news story on TV is why doesn't Germany make their own dammarine hydrogen? Well, I looked into that and they do have a coastline, they do have places to put wind, but they claim it's just not enough coastline as other people. Nova Scotia is very windy. They don't have good solar resources. And Newfoundland and Labrador also have good very good wind resources. And ironically, I'm looking at the solar chart for Newfoundland. You know, where the best solar potential is for Newfoundland, it's way better, the most extreme north as you go. So it's actually just a weather thing. I think there's just a lot of clouds in the south, less cloud. You're getting really close to the Arctic up there in Labrador. And then this is better solar resources than there is down south. Okay, so there was a fantastic article this week from Power magazine written by Sony Patel, and I just wanted to talk about this because it's really a follow up to a lot of these things that we're talking about, the complications, these different types of power. So we've been talking about Germany. They have been trying to phase out their nuclear power plants. This is really part of a political platform. People in Germany don't really want their nuclear power anymore. So they have so far shut down three of the six nuclear power plants that they have had in Germany. So just last year, nuclear was supplying about 12% of the electricity needs in Germany. That's now down to 6%, which is these three nuclear power plants remaining. But of course, as we know, Europe, and Germany in particular, is in a bit of an energy crisis this year because they've been relying on fossil fuel imports from Russia. And those are now in doubt. And nobody really wants to talk to Russia anymore. We don't want their stinky oil and gas. So there's been a lot of talk about, well, should they delay the closing of these last three nuclear plants in Germany? And it's like, on the surface, well, that seems like a great idea. This is a carbon free form of electricity. Just keep them running a little bit longer, another year or two, then maybe they can find a different plan instead of relying on this Russian oil and gas. But this article was so great because it really went through the complications in doing that. That sounds like a simple thing, just keep the plants running for another year or two. But I'll go through some of the legal and regulatory hurdles that was mentioned in this article, because, of course, solar, wind and batteries, something like that, it's fairly simple. Like, you and I could literally build a solar wind and battery power plant. Basically, like, you have one in your camper, you put out the solar panel, you charge it in a battery, boom. It's pretty simple. But nuclear can be extremely dangerous. So over the years, we've created all of these laws and regulations. So the first hurdle, the reactors cannot be operated beyond 2022. December under Germany's Atomic Energy Act and prolonging their operation will require an amendment to the law. They would literally have to change the law, which they can do to keep these plants running beyond 2022. There would also be an environmental impact assessment that would have to be done. And this would have to abide by a European Court agreement as well. There has to be a comprehensive risk and benefit assessment by Germany's legislature that would balance assessments. This was created after the Fukushima accident in 2011. Regulations got more severe, so there's a bit more here in terms of regulations. The reactors would need to address safety and security requirements because they're slated for shutdown in December 20. So they're already three years past. They were given a sort of a special exemption. So continuing beyond that, they're already 13 years past the last major kind of safety inspections. Continued operation would only make sense if the safety review were significantly reduced in scope and the test depth or extensive retrofitting might be kind of simplified. You'd have to basically change all of these safety rules and kind of let everything slide for a couple of more years. They are also running out of fuel. So the fuel elements in the plant have been largely used up. They have enough fuel for only about 80 days of extended operation past that December 2022 shutdown point. Procuring new fuel is a lengthy process that could take between 18 and 24 months. If you did a super accelerated version, maybe twelve to 15 months. So the fuel is a huge problem. There would also have to be testing of this new fuel. Like, you don't just come up with nuclear fuel. It's an extremely difficult process, making sure there's enough staff so they could have staffing issues if they continue beyond this date. I imagine a lot of the staff have already made other plans to go onto other jobs. So there would have to be extensive human resources coordinated and people trained. It's just a long nightmare of things. There's the financial consideration. So again, doing all of this stuff to extend it beyond its normal date. This is going to cost even more money than it has been costing. This is going to be expensive electricity if they keep it running. Now, there is, of course, a nuclear business and technology association called ChemD. They disagree with some of these conclusions that in their view, basically it's worth it. This is a massive crisis facing Europe and Germany, this massive energy shortage. So they think that all of these extra measures that would be needed are probably worth it, but I'm not so sure. And the fact that they're down to only 6% of the German electricity generation with these last three plants, hopefully they can come up with another 6% somewhere. Russia could just go home and get out of Ukraine and be nice. Yeah, and hopefully punished somehow. But it's phenomenal. I understand they are going to try and keep three running, right? They're going to do their best. Yeah. There's been sort of conflicting reports. They had said, no, we're not going to extend them. But now it sounds like they're considering it, and I guess we'll see. Well, Brian, we're going way over on the show this week, but I want to mention, coming up in the show is a lightning round where we'll have a skim of the rest of the week's headlines. Real quick, let's dip into some of our feedback from the web. We have a DoorDash driver, says he bought a Chevy Bolt EV. That's a slightly larger version of the Bolt with the crossover styling. Took the Evo DoorDashing this evening. This is a person who works as a DoorDash delivery person. It's a great car for food delivery. The first order of the day pays for all of the fuel I need. And again, and I can sit in the AC listening to music between orders without worrying about overheating. And this is the person who was down in the States, and it's perfect DoorDash car. We hear that a lot. Yeah. And of course, one of my pet peeves we've mentioned on the show is you'll often see people around here sitting in normal weather with the engine running, and I always am confused by that. It's like, do they really need the AC running? It's not that hot out, et cetera, et cetera, wasting all that fuel. But I was in my gas powered car the other day just with the engine off and listening to the radio, and after about a minute, a warning comes up on the screen saying, oh, you shouldn't be running your AV system without the engine running, because you're going to run your battery down. So maybe that's why everyone's running their cars. Well, they don't have to, because the little no, it's telling me it's life experience. And I can't believe you've never had this experience. You've never run your battery down and been stranded from that very thing. It takes a long time. Mr. Stockton, with his good quality batteries, not so much. He stretches the life of his battery because he's poor. Well, I've run into that before when I was a kid, and I've learned my lesson, and I think a lot of people have, and that's why they don't turn it off. You know, what I'm hearing a lot of now is people like pickup trucks automatically shutting off the engine that stop lights. But really, how much is that saving you? It's a minute or two of idling here and there. It's a little bit it's something that should have been implemented 20 years ago, and that might have made a difference, but it's a little too long because the engine literally has to start just like you're turning the key over. It seems like it's wearing air on it a lot. You need a more robust starter, but I think at the end, it does save a bit of fuel. All right, I have a question here on Twitter from alternative frequency that's his handle. He has a trucker who says the trucker in the United States says we are one of his five favorite podcasts. I thought they listened to Fantastic. And some of the others are Dr. Volts, which is a paid podcast on substance. And inside EVs, of course, is a popular one. Undecided Matt Farrell, which has been off of his YouTube channel. I use Matt Farrell's undecided for information. He is not a professional, but he does research well and has good videos. So, question for all of us, and we are the only ones that go back to them because we're good and decent people. Brian, even with your back, it says home batteries seem to cost roughly $1,000 per kilowatt hour. But the F 150 Lightning pickup truck has 93 kilowatt hours for about $40,000. And the Silverado announced Silverado EV will be 200 kilowatt hours for about 40 kwh. And I don't think either of those are actually 40K, by the way. They're already under prices like Tesla inflation, yes, but that's the whole cost of the vehicle. Or just the cost of the battery. That's the starting price. The supposed starting price. I mean, this is for the fleet version of those vehicles. But the question is, is home storage price too high? And are EV trucks price too low? Is it not about the capacity? I think that's a complicated question with a complicated answer with multifaceted. I'll add one before you do. Tesla, for example, wants to sell their vehicles. That's their primary motivation is to keep their company going by selling vehicles. So they'll put their batteries into the vehicles and they'll overprice the battery storage so that everybody's not buying it. I'm sure the battery storage could be cheaper for Tesla, maybe half as much. And we'd all buy got a waiting list for everything. We use all their batteries, and that would kill their business. That's one reason. Do you have other reasons? Not really, but I think it's a little bit of both. I mean, the home batteries have seemed awfully expensive to me. Also quite possible that Ford is losing money on these trucks and that Chevy is going to lose money on these trucks. We don't know for sure. Well, I'm not really sure if you have any thoughts cleanenergyshow@gmail.com or on Twitter. On Facebook. We're not on Facebook. It took us off Facebook. We're on TikTok, of course, and you to check us out. We have SpeakPipe. Comcleenergyshow to leave us a voicemail message, and we'd love to hear from you anything you have to say on this or any other subject. Brian it is time for, of course, the Lightning Round. The Lightning Round is where we skimmed through a few more headlines, really quick to end the show, and it's one of our favorite shows. It was a new segment almost two years ago, almost celebrating the two year anniversary of the Lightning Round. And believe me, there will be cake this year. I hope tesla says autopilot is preventing 40 crashes per day from wrong pedal error driving. And when this came out, somebody had crashed their car into a building. No, they crashed it into a wedding on the west coast of Canada and killed two people. And you occasionally see the elderly doing this in front of a store. I was teaching my daughter how to drive, and she wanted to use her left foot for the brake. And I said, no, there's a reason for that. And this is the reason. You stick to the right foot and you go back and forth. So the use of the auto pilot sensor to mitigate torque when it's sure the car is sure that the input was a mistake. Yeah, well, it's like saving 40 crashes a day means this is a really common, a way more common problem than I might have thought it is. Because if it's just 40 a day in Tesla, imagine the entire fleet of cars. But I think when we first talked about this a couple of years ago in the podcast I mentioned, I think it was called the Audi 5000. So way back in the late 70s or the early 80s, audi had a huge PR problem in North America because of sudden unintended acceleration. And it was believed that these Audi cars were faulty and they would just suddenly accelerate into a building, they would accelerate into traffic, et cetera, et cetera. And it was eventually determined it was just driver error. But there was, I think, like a 60 Minutes report on it that suddenly scared everybody off of buying an Audi. So this is apparently a very common problem, people pressing the wrong pen. And there was also something just about Priuses that killed their popularity, that was a big dent on them because toilet was such a reliable vehicle. It turned out it was just a format sticking on the driver pedal formats now so they can't move. I've had problems with my floor mats and different cars, too. Yeah, it took them forever to figure it out, too. To absolutely figure it out. A small Vermont utility which uses Tesla power walls from customers, speaking of this very thing, in a virtual grid backup system. So there's 4000 Tesla power walls hooked up in people's homes to the grid, and they found out that the first thoughts on this is that it's saving them a lot of money. In fact, $1.5 million in one week this summer. Now, I don't know what how you save one? I don't understand the nuances of grid. I mean, you have to fire up a plant. Maybe you lose some hardware during the situation that you wouldn't have otherwise lost. But they're sure that they've saved 3 million since in 2021 and just 1.5 million in the heatwave this summer. So, yeah, again, there's another virtual power plant project happening in Japan right now. There's a big one happening in California also with Tesla powerwalls. They could all be networked. Yeah. I think eventually it won't really be so much about saving money necessarily, it's just kind of stabilizing the grid. But stabilizing apparently saves money. I don't understand why, but it is. Yes. Oh Brian. It's time for a clean energy show. Fast fact pakistan is responsible for 1% of global emissions, yet it is the 6th most climate vulnerable country in the world, proving that the climate change impacts affect poor countries disproportionately. Yeah. And of course there's been massive flooding in Pakistan this last week or so. Absolutely devastating. Kind of what was normally once in a hundred year kind of situation is now sadly much more frequent. Speaking of which, new scientists says that the heatwave in China this summer is the most severe ever recorded in the world. People in large parts of China have been experienced two months of extreme heat and that's been 40 degrees and terrible things. The worst one in history, Brian. But we have to go. We'll see you again next week for another edition of the clean energy show. See you next week.

This is the one where Rudy talks about setting your pool water up so that it is less inviting to algae. He also discusses copper sulfate, Chlorine, Bromine, UV, Ozone, AOP, EDTA & Ammonium sulfate.#Swimmingpoolalgae #MustardAlgae #GreenAlgae #WhiteWaterMold #Pinkslime the 'How to Get Rid of Algae' handbook The most comprehensive guide on algae prevention and remediation you will ever own. CPO Certification Classes Attend your CPO class with Rudy Stankowitz!Online Pool Classes The difference between you and your competition is what you know!Support the show

Managing Director of Nigeria Sovereign Investment Authority, Uche Orji, says Nigeria would take delivery of 105, 000 metric tonnes of basic raw materials for fertiliser production from Canada and Russia next week. He explained that it had also secured Letters of Credit for three vessels of basic raw materials that would arrive on June 3, 2022. He stated that a total of 105,000 metric tonnes of fertiliser inputs would be coming from Canada and Russia in the next few days. He stated that fertiliser was exempted from items sanctioned by the European Union against Russia, and noted that expected items included Potash and Ammonium being imported from Russia and Canada.

Dr Tim answers your questions!  Time stamps: 2:02 my cycle is stalled with Ammonia reading of 2ppm going on for 2 weeks. 6:20 Things to think of when moving. 11:57 Would you recommend leaving out all mechanical filtration while cycling with this bacteria? That way the only thing they can get stuck to is the substrate, rock, and biological filter media? 14:01 Just came out of my 3 day blackout. I'm dosing waste away now. The Dino's are gone for now. But my alk is sky high and my corals are stressed. I don't want to do a water change because it will spark the Dinos again. What should I do here? 18:45 I set my tank yesterday and followed everything you say but my ammonia reads between 0.50 and 1.0 is this okay or should I start over? 22:05 I've been using NP active pearl & waste away liquid form for half a year But now I am interested in Waste away gel. Do I need to remove NP Active pearl while introducing waste away? 25:20 I noticed that the protein skimmer has been overflowing with clear water in the collection cup right after I introduced waste away. As I don't see cloudy water - how long should I remain turning off the protein skimmer? 29:00 I am on day 16 and nitrates are still high, and climbing, I'm getting ready to do a partial water change.  Is it possible my bottle was dead? On your website that shows a chart where it shows constantly adding ammonium, but in the video Dr. Tim said never to add unless both Ammonium and Nitrite are low.  Should I still be adding ammonium or not? 34:00 New BiOrb and One and Only... should I remove or turn off this air pump or remove the sponge? I just don't want all the helpful bacteria to end up in the cartridge that's going to be replaced at some point.  35:45 First Defense, Eco-Balance and Waste Away gels - can these products be used in the same tank? Once my aquarium is established, it seems the process should be - water change (using AquaCleanse), Then add First Defense, wait 7 days and add  Eco-Balance, just replace the gels when needed, is this correct? 39:40 Would it be advisable to use Dr.Tim's One and Only on an established system to help fight off diatoms?  42:02 Which of the Eco Balance products-freshwater or saltwater- would be best suited for a brackish water system? 44:00 ASF lights- how much do they run, and would they be anemone grade? 48:59 I've used secondhand Marco rock. It's leaching out some phosphate into the water. My Hanna checker is reading 0.248ppm. I would normally just use PhosphateRX to knock these back down to 0.03ppm. But I don't have any filters on the system yet and I don't know is PhosphateRX will affect the one&only?

In der heutigen Solo-Episode geht es um das Thema “Der Stickstoffkreislauf im Aquarium – Ammonium (NH4), Nitrit (NO2) und Nitrat (NO3)”. Dass ein Aquarium erst einlaufen muss, erfahren wir Aquarianer direkt beim ersten Aquarium. Zwei bis drei Wochen ohne Fische, heißt es, damit sich die wichtigen Bakterien bilden können und später das notwendige Gleichgewicht im Wasser vorliegt. Aber was genau passiert in dieser Zeit und wofür wird es gemacht? Der sogenannte Stickstoffkreislauf sorgt dafür, dass der Abbau der Ausscheidungen der Fische und die anfallende Arbeit mit dem Stoffwechselprodukt Ammonium reibungslos vonstatten geht. Das bedeutet, dass Ammoniak zu Nitrit und dann zu Nitrat umgearbeitet wird, welches von den Wasserpflanzen aufgegessen werden kann. Der Überschuss ist harmlos und kann bis zum Wasserwechsel im Aquarium verbleiben und mit dem Austausch entfernt werden. Wie aber sieht dieser Stickstoffkreislauf im Detail aus? Was kannst du tun, wenn dieser gestört ist und was hat es mit NH4, NO2 und NO3 im Detail auf sich? Dieses und einiges mehr erfährst du in der heutigen Episode. ________________________________ Wenn du zufrieden warst, freuen wir uns über eine Bewertung. Kennst du jemanden, der ebenfalls eine interessante Erfolgsstory hat? Schreib uns eine Email an podcast@my-fish.org . ________________________________ Erwähnte Links und Begriffe in der Episode AQUaddicted erklärt den Stickstoffkreislauf: https://my-fish.org/aquaddicted-video-tipp-der-naehrstoffkreislauf-nitrat-nitrit-ammonium/ Ratgeber: Die Wasserzusammensetzung: https://my-fish.org/anfanger-einstieg/der-my-fish-anfanger-einstieg/die-wasserzusammensetzung/ Kids Ratgeber: Alles rund ums Wasser: https://my-fish.org/kids/weiches-oder-hartes-wasser-die-wasserwerte-im-blick-%E2%80%A8/ Zusätzliche Bilder und die vollständigen Shownotes findest du unter www.my-fish.org/episode320

Jesse Allen sits down to have a conversation with Mike Hamilton, Vice President and Business Director of Plant Nutrients for AdvanSix, about the use of ammonium sulfate on soybeans. They have lots of research on the subject and we discuss that with Mike as well as general supply chain concerns for fertilizer and more.

In our last episode with David Flores we spoke all about the disaster in Winston-Salem NC that just occured where nearly 600 tons of ammonium nitrate caught fire at the Weaver fertilizer plant on Jan. 31 and burned for four days. The risk of explosion was so great that Winston-Salem officials asked people to evacuate within a mile radius, temporarily displacing 6,000 residents. Now with Deena Tumeh who is an Associate Attorney at Earthjustice, we speak about the reform that she and others have been working on for hazardous chemicals like this. With Deena we talk about the cases and reform she is working on, why industries are pushing back these laws, if it was preventable, and how we can keep EPA and other federal lawmakers accountable. Contact and connect with Deena: dtumeh@earthjustice.org Winston Salem disaster: https://earthjustice.org/news/press/2022/disaster-at-winston-salem-fertilizer-plant-is-unacceptable-unnecessary-and-entirely-preventable?fbclid=IwAR1PIVGOJTNVCSPbDSc5qVjM-Vgwh7y6Q97WjDsAqtbfQ2fb8RceomIYVus

(:52)Would you mind starting off with telling us a little bit about yourself and your background?(1:29)Can you help us understand how knowing urinary ammonium levels help you manage your patients on a day-to-day basis?(2:58)Can you help the audience understand the evolution of laboratory tests used to determine urinary ammonium levels and why nephrologists are now recommending using tests that directly measure urinary ammonium instead of the widely accepted urinary ammonium gap estimate?(6:17)Can you share a little more information about the tests that we have available and how, and when they should be used in clinical practice?(7:57)Finally, what advice do you have for nephrologists that be converting from urine anine gap to direct ammonium testing?

Remedy Review – Ammonium Carbonicum for Chronic Fatigue This week on Homeopathy for Mommies, Sue shares about the homeopathic remedy Ammonium Carbonicum. This remedy is well known as the remedy for Chronic Fatigue. There are many remedies for chronic fatigue, but this one has a specific remedy pictures and we’re going to talk about it […] The post Remedy Review: Ammonium Carbonicum for Chronic Fatigue appeared first on Ultimate Homeschool Podcast Network.

We have a very special guest on the show, Dr. Glen Harris of the University of Georgia. Glen specializes in Environmental Soil & Fertilizers. Tonight, Greg and Glen do a deep dive into what exactly is in fertilizers. It's time to plant cool weather cover crops and short maturing greens (Mustard, Turnips, Kohlrabi, and Spinach). What's In Fertilizer? Fertilizer Labels A generic label in most garden centers uses 13-13-13. With any and all labels, the first number you see on a fertilizer label is for Nitrogen, the second number is phosphorous, and the third is Potassium. (N, P, K) Glen states that the numbers on these labels are all the same around the world! For it to be a "complete fertilizer" it will need to also include micronutrients as the secondary, such as calcium, magnesium, sulfur, and iron (to name a few). Nitrogen Ammoniacal Nitrogen (NH3-N) is nitrogen derived from ammonia. One form of nitrogen that your plants regularly use. Most commonly found in the soil is ammonium. It is naturally created by the nitrogen cycle (or introduced) through synthesized fertilizers and deposited into the soil. If you have a high PH in your soil, it can "gas up" and leave the soil (volatilization). Plants have the ability to take up many chemical forms of nitrogen. Most common, Ammonium (NH-4) which has a positive charge and can be held by the soil; Nitrate (NO-3) which has a negative charge and will have trouble holding onto the soil (too much rain can cause this issue), and Urea ((NH-2)CO)) which has no charge. Many commercial fertilizers contain mixes of a combination of all three of these nitrogen forms. Plants need both Ammonium and Nitrate. Nitrate is very important for your soil and it is the main driver for proteins in your plant. Urea Nitrogen, when applied to your soil, begins to break down as soon as it is applied. It will hydrolyze and convert into ammonium and carbon dioxide. The main drawback with Urea is the tendency to be lost through volatilization, which is the loss of applied nitrogen to the atmosphere as ammonia gas. Phosphate/Phosphorous Phosphorous plays a primary role in storing and transferring energy produced by photosynthesis for use in the growth and reproductive process in your plants. Rock Phosphate is an organic source of phosphorous and an issue with this source when putting it directly into your garden. Other types include wood ash, bone meal, manure, and vermicomposted manure. Wood Ash is the most rapidly available organic source of phosphate. "Phosphorous should be managed. It is immobile in our soil, will build up and get bound in our soil.", Glen Harris states. It is important for early seed/seedling growth. The roots of the seedlings will have to intercept with the phosphorous and that is mainly why there is phosphorous used in started fertilizers. Potassium Potassium Chloride is the most widely used potassium source worldwide, this aids healthy plant growth disease resistance. It is associated with the movement of water, carbohydrates, and nutrients in plant tissue. The common salt often referred to as potash, is widely used as a major fertilizer. Potassium also helps in reducing water loss and wilting, it also reduces respiration, preventing energy losses. Potassium chloride is a naturally mined salt, and surprisingly it is considered non-organic. You do not want too much or it could potentially kill the microbes in your soil but if used correctly, it will be very beneficial to your soil. Just as Important Boron is a secondary element and many of the vegetable crops need and love boron in the soil. Beets and corn are two of those that need boron. Sulfur is an anion, and it is very leachable. 90% of sulfur in soil is found in organic matter, which mineralizes and releases sulfur to the plants. Onions and Garlic love sulfur. Sweet onions like sulfur in the early stages of growth. Calcium plays a vital role in plant growth,

Welcome back to our weekend Cabral HouseCall shows! This is where we answer our community's wellness, weight loss, and anti-aging questions to help people get back on track! Check out today's questions:  Michael: Hi dr Cabral do you recommend any lab test or supplement protocol for someone dealing with post Covid syndrome? I have mold, candida and h pylori as well. Thomas: Hey Dr. Cabral, I have been taking CBD (yours when available) for about four years now, mostly every morning. I noticed all of the beneficial effects early on. Now, I don't notice a difference when I forget to take it, meaning I stay calm and balanced in a parasympathetic state. Is there a point at which one can reduce dosage during non-stressful times, or is this one of those supplements that has a long-term effect and should be taken everyday? Thanks, you are the goat. Danica: Hi Dr. Cabral! I'm wondering what your advice is for vata- kapha dosha. I myself am about 2/3 vata, 1/3 kapha, and I find a lot of the advice to be contradictory between these two. Often, if you just went smack dab in between the two, it would look like advice for pitta, which I have almost none of. I understand that you treat the imbalance from which dosha the symptom is arising, but I mean more for general daily advice such as food, exercise, sleep, etc. Thank you so much!! Tracy:  Hi Dr Cabral. Have you heard of a product called ASEA. I'd love to hear your thoughts on this. Lara: Hi, dr. Cabral :) I've seen a question in the support group on Facebook about the crystal deodorants where only one ingredient is Ammonium Alum.. is that a safe ingredient or should we stay away from it? Thanks so much and have a great day, everyone! Molly: Hi I was wondering if "Hi-Ball" Energy (zero cal) seltzers AND/OR "regular" seltzer water breaks a fast? Thanks I have really enjoyed your podcast so far, I just started listening last week! Thank you for tuning into today's Cabral HouseCall and be sure to check back tomorrow where we answer more of our community's questions!  - - - Show Notes & Resources: http://StephenCabral.com/2017 - - - Get Your Question Answered: http://StephenCabral.com/askcabral   - - - Dr. Cabral's New Book, The Rain Barrel Effect https://amzn.to/2H0W7Ge - - - Join the Community & Get Your Questions Answered: http://CabralSupportGroup.com - - -  Dr. Cabral's Most Popular At-Home Lab Tests: > Complete Minerals & Metals Test (Test for mineral imbalances & heavy metal toxicity) - - - > Complete Candida, Metabolic & Vitamins Test (Test for 75 biomarkers including yeast & bacterial gut overgrowth, as well as vitamin levels) - - - > Complete Stress, Mood & Metabolism Test (Discover your complete thyroid, adrenal, hormone, vitamin D & insulin levels) - - - > Complete Stress, Sleep & Hormones Test (Run your adrenal & hormone levels) - - - > Complete Food Sensitivity Test (Find out your hidden food sensitivities) - - - > Complete Omega-3 & Inflammation Test (Discover your levels of inflammation related to your omega-6 to omega-3 levels) - - - > View all Functional Medicine lab tests (View all Functional Medicine lab tests you can do right at home for you and your

2020 年 8 月 4 日，黎巴嫩首都 Beirut 附近的港口發生嚴重爆炸，超過 200 人死亡，六千多人受傷。一年後，大部份爆炸廢墟尚未清除，許多受難者仍然無家可歸。不斷惡化的經濟危機，使得尋找新住所變得更加困難。

With growing agronomic demand for ‘sulphur as a nutrient’, ammonium sulphate (AS) has a key place in this delivery, whether it is directly applied, blended or used as a feedstock in the production of more advanced N+S products or compound NPK+S. Join Matt Lisley – Senior Analyst and Tim Cheyne - VP, Fertilizers, as they discuss AS production routes, future capacity additions coming on-stream & price mechanisms. We move on to the impact of Chinese caprolactam and compaction capacity on price premiums for different grades and quality of AS product; and finish with an intriguing look at the recent news surrounding the environmental impact of phosphogypsum, and how ammonium sulphate may play a part in the circular economy.

In this Preview Episode, Judge Brandon Birmingham begins the documentary just as prosecutors began the trial: by playing a recording of the bombing itself. In this season of A Murderous Design, we'll deconstruct the Government's case in the Oklahoma City Bombing Trial and study McVeigh's defense. The entire documentary will be released on the anniversary of the Bombing, April 19th, 1995. We'll conclude this documentary podcast with 4 extended interviews: 3 with the lawyers involved in the trial (2 for Timothy McVeigh, and 1 for the Prosecution) and a final bonus interview with a journalist from Buffalo who spent hours talking with Timothy McVeigh after the trial.

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Mich erreichen jede Woche eine Menge  Anrufe und E-Mails mit Fragen. Und eine Frage die mir diese Woche gestellt wurde, lautete, wie kann ich meine Nitrat im Meerwasseraquarium erhöhen? Das ist grundsätzlich eine sehr interessante Frage, da sich in der Regel die Fragen meist in die total gegensätzliche Richtung drehen. Denn das Problem das die meisten Meerwasseraquarianer haben, ist nicht, dass sie zu wenig Nitrat, sondern zu viel Nitrat im Aquarium haben. Doch die Lösung ist auch hier verhältnismäßig einfach. Um das zu verstehen schauen wir uns an, wie Nitrat in das Meerwasseraquarium gelangt bzw. entsteht und was der positive Effekt von Nitrat ist. Den neben Phosphat ist Nitrat der wichtigste Nährstoff im Meerwasseraquarium für Korallen.  Vorab können wir schon sagen, dass Nitrat durch das Futter in das Meerwasseraquarium kommt.  Beim Abbau des Futters entsteht Ammonium, das durch aeorobe Bakterien wie zum Beispiel Nitrosonomas zu Nitrit und in der dritten Stufe zu Nitrat oxidiert wird. Dieser Prozess wird Nitrifikation genannt. Im weiteren Verlauf wird dann Nitrat durch anaerobe, denitrifizierende Bakterien wie zum Beispiel Nitrobacter wieder abgebaut. Je besser die Denitrifikation in einem Meerwasseraquarium funktioniert, desto weniger Nitrat ist im Aquarienwasser nachweisbar.  Das bedeutet dann, dass in den meisten Fällen eine Stickstofflimitierung vorliegt. Wie oben bereits erwähnt, ist Nitrat einer der wichtigsten Nährstoffe Korallen. Sobald eine Stickstofflimitierung vorliegt bekommen die Korallen ein Nahrungsproblem, was anfangs sich darin äußert, dass die Polypen sich nicht mehr richtig öffnen, aber im schlechtesten Fall, falls diese nicht beseitigt wird, zu einem Absterben der Korallen führen kann. Was kannst du tun, um eine Stickstofflimitierung zu vermeiden bzw. zu beseitigen. Das erste und einfachste was du bei einer Stickstofflimitierung tun kannst, um diese zu beseitigen, ist die Zugabe von fertigen Stickstofflösungen. Wir haben bereits in einiger Zeit eine solche Stickstofflösung getestet, die in den nächsten Wochen in unserem Onlineshop www.aquacura.de erhältlich sein wird...   Kennst du das Aqua Cura Super-Set das alles für optimales Korallenwachstum? Super-Set für perfektes Korallenwachstum Hör dir jetzt die Folge an! Mein Pflegemittel-Onlineshop: Kennst du meine Profi-Pflegemittel für Meerwasseraquarien? Als treuer Podcasthörer erhältst du einen Sonderrabatt von 10 % in unserem Onlineshop www.aquacura.de  . Sichere dir jetzt einen Sonderrabatt von 10 % auf deinen gesamten Warenkorb im Aqua Cura Shop. Rabattcode: 10 www.aquacura.de Dort findest du alle für eine erfolgreiche Meerwasseraquaristik benötigen Pflegemittel, die wir übrigens auch bei allen unseren Wartungskunden in über 2000-jährlichen Aquarienwartungen verwenden. Wenn du dich für eines der bereits mit 10 % rabattierten Sparpakete wie zum Beispiel eine hochwirksame Calciumlösung und eine Lösung zur Stabilisierung der Karbonathärte entscheidest, sparst du mit dem zusätzlichen weiteren Rabatt von 10 % satte 20 % auf den normalen Preis. Alle Produkte bei uns im Shop bestehen aus hochwertigen Rohstoffen wurden langen Praxistests vor der Markteinführung erfolgreich getestet. Also gehe auf www.aquacura.de und sichere dir jetzt deinen Rabatt. Hierfür musst du nur im Warenkorb im Rabattfeld die Zahl 10 eingeben. Rabattcode: 10 Profi-Beratung persönlich durch Markus Mahl: Da brauchst Hilfe bei einem Problem mit deinem Meerwasseraquarium?  Hier kannst du deine Beratung buchen:  >>>>> Beratung durch Markus Mahl    kostenlose Checklisten für dein Meerwasseraquarium:  Hier findest du kostenlose Checklisten für dein Meerwasseraquarium:  https://aktion.aquacura.de/Geschenk   Hörbuch-Meerwasseraquarium: Erfahre alles was für ein Meerwasseraquarum wichtig ist in meinem Hörbuch "Meerwasseraquarium - Aquarium bauen und Pflegen wie die Profis" Du kannst dir das Hörbuch sofort herunterladen und anhören wann und wo immer du möchtest. Grundlage für das Hörbuch ist mein Buch (Amazon-Bestseller): "Meerwasseraquarium - Aquarium bauen und Pflegen wie die Profis"  Neben dem Hörbuch erhälst du zusätzlich noch inkl. 4 PDF´s zum Downloads: Und zwar unter anderem einen Profi-Pflegeplan, einen 37 Seiten bebilderter Tierteil (Meerwasserfische, Korallen, Muscheln, Garnelen, Seesterne, Seeigel und eine Checkliste für deine Wasserwerte. Und das Beste im Hörbuch selbst wartet noch eine Überraschung auf dich. Hier kannst du das Hörbuch jetzt  zum Sonderpreis herunterladen >>>>> Hörbuch   oder kopiere dir den folgenden Link: https://bit.ly/2FGAGKT   Mein Buch - Meerwasseraquarium bauen und pflegen wie die Profis - : Hier findest du mein Buch den Amazon-Bestseller: "Meerwasseraquarium - Aquarium bauen und Pflegen wie die Profis" Buch hier bestellen >>>> https://amzn.to/2UspYiY   Tipp das  Hier geht´s zum Meerwasser-BLOG:  hier klicken     Folge mir auf Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/aquarium_west_gmbh/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/aquariumwest  

It's 1916. It's Uplees just outside Faversham, and the good people of the Explosives Loading Company are about to open the biggest hole in Kent since Yates's Wine Lodge.  In what will almost certainly be the most explosive episode of the CB Wallop Podcast ever join Phil Jerrod and Phil Lucas as they discuss The Great Faversham Explosion of 1916 - the gigantic blast that rocked the south of England, atomised over a hundred working men and boys and inadvertently implied that ladies are far better off in the kitchen.   Should you store your T.N.T. next to your Ammonium Nitrate underneath your boiler house chimney? Nope. No, don't do that. Don't do that again.  Trigger Warning: This is basically just a bloody massive explosion over a hundred years ago in a little town in England - nothing gratuitous here - unless you consider full and frank discussions about Kent's Biggest Padlock gratuitous - in which case, you'd be right.    Written and Researched by Phil Lucas Edited by Phil Jerrod Music by Steve Adam Audio Clips: TNT HANDLE WITH CARE WWII MUNITIONS DOCUMENTARY 33074 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vtan4_wfZVM&t=358s PeriscopeFilm This film is part of the Periscope Film LLC archive, one of the largest historic military, transportation, and aviation stock footage collections in the USA. Entirely film backed, this material is available for licensing in 24p HD, 2k and 4k. For more information visit http://www.PeriscopeFilm.com [No Copyright Music] Retro 80's Funky Jazz-Hop Instrumental (Copyright Free) Music - Sundance Remix Music Credit: SUNDANCE Track Name: "Perséphone - Retro Funky (SUNDANCE remix)" Music By: SUNDANCE @ https://soundcloud.com/sundancemusic The SUNDANCE Official Website is HERE - http://lefthandmusic.fr/ Follow SUNDANCE on BandCamp: https://sundancemusic.bandcamp.com/ License for commercial use: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/... Music promoted by NCM https://goo.gl/fh3rEJ  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_hbnMgHgZfs Sources https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faversham_explosives_industry https://www.faversham.org/history/explosives/great-explosion-1916 https://www.theguardian.com/books/2015/may/16/brian-dillon-the-great-explosion-munitions-factory-uplees-faversham-kent-1915 https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1261010 https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p022ykt4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xX11nrqiIZM https://web.archive.org/web/20140409013355/http://www.canterburytimes.co.uk/Tales-horror-heroism-Great-Explosion/story-15667862-detail/story.html https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faversham https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uplees https://www.faversham.org/community/parishes-and-villages/uplees https://london-medals.co.uk/great-war-faversham-munitions-factory-explosives-loading-company-distinguished-service-medal-for-the-great-explosion-of-2nd-april-1916-silver-hallmarks-for-birmingham-with-date-letter-r-for-1916-39-mm-in-diameter-the-obverse-engraved-pro-patria-ap http://www.gunpowderworks.co.uk/gunpowderworks/view/styles/tinymce/plugins/fileman/Uploads/H1_The_Great_Explosion_(5_pages).pdf http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/2449/1/Brian%20Dillon%20The%20Great%20Explosion.pdf https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amatol https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_nitrate https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canary_Girls https://www.kentarchaeology.org.uk/sites/default/files/archcant/1985%20100%20The%20Great%20Explosion%20at%20Faversham%202%20April%201916%20Percival.pdf https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1261010

This week we have Scarlet Anonymous on to talk about Autism the dangers of toxic vaccines the governments involvement. How our Dr's are so blind.. Red Gypsy graced us with her sweet voice towards the end... We may have bounced around a bit but we got our message out..     1 in 25 boys lives shattered, 1 in 45 lives shattered. It is ALSO 1 in 25 Mom's lives shattered, 1 in 25 dads lives shattered, 1 in 25 grandparents lives shattered(Times 4 for all four ). 1 in 25 siblings, Aunts Uncles, cousins.. Are you listening Now? Will you let your baby get shot with Aluminum, Mercury, Formaldehyde, Ammonium salts, Animal and Insect cells too? Science without Conscience..  ~Author Shelley Tzorfas