Podcasts about phd it

Guest: Kathleen Nadeau, PhD It's important to be aware of the different ways ADHD impacts girls and women compared to boys and men, which is why Dr. Kathleen Nadeau is here to help shed light on those differences. Dr. Nadeau is the Founder and Clinical Director of the Chesapeake Center for ADHD Learning and Behavioral Health in Bethesda, Maryland.

Host: Charles Turck, PharmD, BCPS, BCCCP Guest: Arnaud Bourdin, MD, PhD It's only been a recent discovery that mucus plugging may be present and persistent in chronic severe asthma.1 In fact, studies have shown that mucus plugs may drive some lung function deficits in severe asthma.1 Given this recent finding, Dr Charles Turck speaks with Professor Arnaud Bourdin about the clinical significance and pathogenesis of mucus plugging in severe asthma. Professor Bourdin is Head of Pulmonology at Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital in Montpellier, France. Reference: Dunican EM, Watchorn DC, Fahy JV. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2018;15(Suppl 3):S184-S191. doi:10.1513/AnnalsATS.201807-485AW ©2024 Amgen and AstraZeneca. All rights reserved. US-86740 Last Updated 3/24

Host: Charles Turck, PharmD, BCPS, BCCCP Guest: Arnaud Bourdin, MD, PhD It's only been a recent discovery that mucus plugging may be present and persistent in chronic severe asthma.1 In fact, studies have shown that mucus plugs may drive some lung function deficits in severe asthma.1 Given this recent finding, Dr Charles Turck speaks with Professor Arnaud Bourdin about the clinical significance and pathogenesis of mucus plugging in severe asthma. Professor Bourdin is Head of Pulmonology at Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital in Montpellier, France. Reference: Dunican EM, Watchorn DC, Fahy JV. Ann Am Thorac Soc. 2018;15(Suppl 3):S184-S191. doi:10.1513/AnnalsATS.201807-485AW ©2024 Amgen and AstraZeneca. All rights reserved. US-86740 Last Updated 3/24

SHR # 2986:: A Solution To Obesity and Fatty Liver? - Dr. Kristina A. Varady, PhD - It is estimated that 25% of the US population and 29% of the global population suffer from Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLd). NAFLD is a hallmark symptom of Type-2 Diabetes and obesity. Approximately 65% of obese adults have the disease, and this condition is strongly related to the development of insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes. If left unchecked, fatty liver disease can lead to more serious complications like cirrhosis or liver failure, but there are limited good drug options for treating the condition. We discuss a simple protocol that has been shown in a clinical trial to help reverse NAFLD and correct insulin sensitivity in patients. If you've been diagnosed with NAFLD tune in to take control of your life and health. - CARL RECOMMENDS: superhumanradio.net/carl-recommends - - View and download all shows at https://superhumanradio.net - Visit us on Instagram: @superhumanradio - Support SHR - https://superhumanradio.net/make-a-donation

Dr. Andrisse grew up in Ferguson Missouri. Andrisse has said that he made poor decisions as a young person, and he was first arrested at the age of 14. By his early twenties he had been sentenced to ten years in maximum security penitentiary. During his time in prison, he was part of a drug rehabilitation program and was able to be released early. He was accepted to a doctoral program at Saint Louis University, and completed his PhD in 2014. After earning his doctorate he was appointed a postdoctoral fellow at Johns Hopkins University Dr. Andrisse is now an endocrinologist and professor at Howard University College of Medicine, where he studies type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance.[2][4] In 2017, Andrisse was named JustLeadership's Leading with Conviction Fellow. In this capacity, he works to reduce the prison population by 50% by 2030. Andrisse's first book, From Prison Cells to PhD: It is Never Too Late to Do Good, was published in 2021. He established a nonprofit program to provide mentoring to current and former incarcerated people so that they can start building their careers after leaving prison. About the Director (fromprisoncellstophd.org) --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/mastermine-mrg/message

Stanley Andrisse - Endocrinologist, scientist, and professor at Howard University's College of Medicine. Author of “From Prison Cells to PhD: It is Never Too Late to Do Good” and Director of an outreach program that supports formerly incarcerated people into college education called “Prison-to-Professionals (P2P).” He joins Tavis to share his story and to speak on the work that HBCU's are doing to ensure that others like himself have opportunities for redemption and success.

Growing up in Ferguson, Missouri, Stanley Andrisse began making poor decisions at a very young age. He started selling dope and was arrested for the first time at fourteen years old. By his early twenties, dope dealing had exponentially multiplied, and he found himself sitting in front of a judge facing twenty years to life on drug trafficking charges. The judge sentenced him to ten years in a maximum-security prison.Upon release, and after several rejections, Stanley was accepted into a PhD program. He completed his PhD/MBA simultaneously and became an endocrinologist and impactful leader at Johns Hopkins Medicine, specializing in diabetes research.Dr. Andrisse is Executive Director and Founder of From Prison Cells to PhD, board member on the Formerly Incarcerated College Graduates Network, founder of the Diversity Postdoctoral Alliance, member on several local and national committees aimed at community outreach, youth mentor, motivational speaker, and community activist. His book From Prison Cells to PhD: It is Never Too Late to Do Good recounts his inspiring story.“I kind of thought there was justice in the criminal justice system and that there was care for people, like you matter to me within the system, and in that moment it hit me. There wasn't. And in fact, it's the opposite. In order for the system to work the way it does, it needs to de-humanize the people that it puts in these cages.”www.fromprisoncellstophd.orgFrom Prison Cells to PhD bookAsst. Professor, Howard UniversityPhoto: Wesley Law/STL Magwww.creativeprocess.infowww.oneplanetpodcast.org

“I kind of thought there was justice in the criminal justice system and that there was care for people, like you matter to me within the system, and in that moment it hit me. There wasn't. And in fact, it's the opposite. In order for the system to work the way it does, it needs to de-humanize the people that it puts in these cages.”Growing up in Ferguson, Missouri, Stanley Andrisse began making poor decisions at a very young age. He started selling dope and was arrested for the first time at fourteen years old. By his early twenties, dope dealing had exponentially multiplied, and he found himself sitting in front of a judge facing twenty years to life on drug trafficking charges. The judge sentenced him to ten years in a maximum-security prison.Upon release, and after several rejections, Stanley was accepted into a PhD program. He completed his PhD/MBA simultaneously and became an endocrinologist and impactful leader at Johns Hopkins Medicine, specializing in diabetes research.Dr. Andrisse is Executive Director and Founder of From Prison Cells to PhD, board member on the Formerly Incarcerated College Graduates Network, founder of the Diversity Postdoctoral Alliance, member on several local and national committees aimed at community outreach, youth mentor, motivational speaker, and community activist. His book From Prison Cells to PhD: It is Never Too Late to Do Good recounts his inspiring story.www.fromprisoncellstophd.orgFrom Prison Cells to PhD bookAsst. Professor, Howard University

“I kind of thought there was justice in the criminal justice system and that there was care for people, like you matter to me within the system, and in that moment it hit me. There wasn't. And in fact, it's the opposite. In order for the system to work the way it does, it needs to de-humanize the people that it puts in these cages.”Growing up in Ferguson, Missouri, Stanley Andrisse began making poor decisions at a very young age. He started selling dope and was arrested for the first time at fourteen years old. By his early twenties, dope dealing had exponentially multiplied, and he found himself sitting in front of a judge facing twenty years to life on drug trafficking charges. The judge sentenced him to ten years in a maximum-security prison.Upon release, and after several rejections, Stanley was accepted into a PhD program. He completed his PhD/MBA simultaneously and became an endocrinologist and impactful leader at Johns Hopkins Medicine, specializing in diabetes research.Dr. Andrisse is Executive Director and Founder of From Prison Cells to PhD, board member on the Formerly Incarcerated College Graduates Network, founder of the Diversity Postdoctoral Alliance, member on several local and national committees aimed at community outreach, youth mentor, motivational speaker, and community activist. His book From Prison Cells to PhD: It is Never Too Late to Do Good recounts his inspiring story.www.fromprisoncellstophd.orgFrom Prison Cells to PhD bookAsst. Professor, Howard University

Growing up in Ferguson, Missouri, Stanley Andrisse began making poor decisions at a very young age. He started selling dope and was arrested for the first time at fourteen years old. By his early twenties, dope dealing had exponentially multiplied, and he found himself sitting in front of a judge facing twenty years to life on drug trafficking charges. The judge sentenced him to ten years in a maximum-security prison.Upon release, and after several rejections, Stanley was accepted into a PhD program. He completed his PhD/MBA simultaneously and became an endocrinologist and impactful leader at Johns Hopkins Medicine, specializing in diabetes research.Dr. Andrisse is Executive Director and Founder of From Prison Cells to PhD, board member on the Formerly Incarcerated College Graduates Network, founder of the Diversity Postdoctoral Alliance, member on several local and national committees aimed at community outreach, youth mentor, motivational speaker, and community activist. His book From Prison Cells to PhD: It is Never Too Late to Do Good recounts his inspiring story.“I kind of thought there was justice in the criminal justice system and that there was care for people, like you matter to me within the system, and in that moment it hit me. There wasn't. And in fact, it's the opposite. In order for the system to work the way it does, it needs to de-humanize the people that it puts in these cages.”www.fromprisoncellstophd.orgFrom Prison Cells to PhD bookAsst. Professor, Howard UniversityPhoto: Wesley Law/STL Magwww.creativeprocess.infowww.oneplanetpodcast.org

“I kind of thought there was justice in the criminal justice system and that there was care for people, like you matter to me within the system, and in that moment it hit me. There wasn't. And in fact, it's the opposite. In order for the system to work the way it does, it needs to de-humanize the people that it puts in these cages.”Growing up in Ferguson, Missouri, Stanley Andrisse began making poor decisions at a very young age. He started selling dope and was arrested for the first time at fourteen years old. By his early twenties, dope dealing had exponentially multiplied, and he found himself sitting in front of a judge facing twenty years to life on drug trafficking charges. The judge sentenced him to ten years in a maximum-security prison.Upon release, and after several rejections, Stanley was accepted into a PhD program. He completed his PhD/MBA simultaneously and became an endocrinologist and impactful leader at Johns Hopkins Medicine, specializing in diabetes research.Dr. Andrisse is Executive Director and Founder of From Prison Cells to PhD, board member on the Formerly Incarcerated College Graduates Network, founder of the Diversity Postdoctoral Alliance, member on several local and national committees aimed at community outreach, youth mentor, motivational speaker, and community activist. His book From Prison Cells to PhD: It is Never Too Late to Do Good recounts his inspiring story.www.fromprisoncellstophd.orgFrom Prison Cells to PhD bookAsst. Professor, Howard University

“I kind of thought there was justice in the criminal justice system and that there was care for people, like you matter to me within the system, and in that moment it hit me. There wasn't. And in fact, it's the opposite. In order for the system to work the way it does, it needs to de-humanize the people that it puts in these cages.”Growing up in Ferguson, Missouri, Stanley Andrisse began making poor decisions at a very young age. He started selling dope and was arrested for the first time at fourteen years old. By his early twenties, dope dealing had exponentially multiplied, and he found himself sitting in front of a judge facing twenty years to life on drug trafficking charges. The judge sentenced him to ten years in a maximum-security prison.Upon release, and after several rejections, Stanley was accepted into a PhD program. He completed his PhD/MBA simultaneously and became an endocrinologist and impactful leader at Johns Hopkins Medicine, specializing in diabetes research.Dr. Andrisse is Executive Director and Founder of From Prison Cells to PhD, board member on the Formerly Incarcerated College Graduates Network, founder of the Diversity Postdoctoral Alliance, member on several local and national committees aimed at community outreach, youth mentor, motivational speaker, and community activist. His book From Prison Cells to PhD: It is Never Too Late to Do Good recounts his inspiring story.www.fromprisoncellstophd.orgFrom Prison Cells to PhD bookAsst. Professor, Howard University

Growing up in Ferguson, Missouri, Stanley Andrisse began making poor decisions at a very young age. He started selling dope and was arrested for the first time at fourteen years old. By his early twenties, dope dealing had exponentially multiplied, and he found himself sitting in front of a judge facing twenty years to life on drug trafficking charges. The judge sentenced him to ten years in a maximum-security prison.Upon release, and after several rejections, Stanley was accepted into a PhD program. He completed his PhD/MBA simultaneously and became an endocrinologist and impactful leader at Johns Hopkins Medicine, specializing in diabetes research.Dr. Andrisse is Executive Director and Founder of From Prison Cells to PhD, board member on the Formerly Incarcerated College Graduates Network, founder of the Diversity Postdoctoral Alliance, member on several local and national committees aimed at community outreach, youth mentor, motivational speaker, and community activist. His book From Prison Cells to PhD: It is Never Too Late to Do Good recounts his inspiring story.“I kind of thought there was justice in the criminal justice system and that there was care for people, like you matter to me within the system, and in that moment it hit me. There wasn't. And in fact, it's the opposite. In order for the system to work the way it does, it needs to de-humanize the people that it puts in these cages.”www.fromprisoncellstophd.orgFrom Prison Cells to PhD bookAsst. Professor, Howard UniversityPhoto: Wesley Law/STL Magwww.creativeprocess.infowww.oneplanetpodcast.org

“I kind of thought there was justice in the criminal justice system and that there was care for people, like you matter to me within the system, and in that moment it hit me. There wasn't. And in fact, it's the opposite. In order for the system to work the way it does, it needs to de-humanize the people that it puts in these cages.”Growing up in Ferguson, Missouri, Stanley Andrisse began making poor decisions at a very young age. He started selling dope and was arrested for the first time at fourteen years old. By his early twenties, dope dealing had exponentially multiplied, and he found himself sitting in front of a judge facing twenty years to life on drug trafficking charges. The judge sentenced him to ten years in a maximum-security prison.Upon release, and after several rejections, Stanley was accepted into a PhD program. He completed his PhD/MBA simultaneously and became an endocrinologist and impactful leader at Johns Hopkins Medicine, specializing in diabetes research.Dr. Andrisse is Executive Director and Founder of From Prison Cells to PhD, board member on the Formerly Incarcerated College Graduates Network, founder of the Diversity Postdoctoral Alliance, member on several local and national committees aimed at community outreach, youth mentor, motivational speaker, and community activist. His book From Prison Cells to PhD: It is Never Too Late to Do Good recounts his inspiring story.www.fromprisoncellstophd.orgFrom Prison Cells to PhD bookAsst. Professor, Howard University

Growing up in Ferguson, Missouri, Stanley Andrisse began making poor decisions at a very young age. He started selling dope and was arrested for the first time at fourteen years old. By his early twenties, dope dealing had exponentially multiplied, and he found himself sitting in front of a judge facing twenty years to life on drug trafficking charges. The judge sentenced him to ten years in a maximum-security prison.Upon release, and after several rejections, Stanley was accepted into a PhD program. He completed his PhD/MBA simultaneously and became an endocrinologist and impactful leader at Johns Hopkins Medicine, specializing in diabetes research.Dr. Andrisse is Executive Director and Founder of From Prison Cells to PhD, board member on the Formerly Incarcerated College Graduates Network, founder of the Diversity Postdoctoral Alliance, member on several local and national committees aimed at community outreach, youth mentor, motivational speaker, and community activist. His book From Prison Cells to PhD: It is Never Too Late to Do Good recounts his inspiring story.“I kind of thought there was justice in the criminal justice system and that there was care for people, like you matter to me within the system, and in that moment it hit me. There wasn't. And in fact, it's the opposite. In order for the system to work the way it does, it needs to de-humanize the people that it puts in these cages.”www.fromprisoncellstophd.orgFrom Prison Cells to PhD bookAsst. Professor, Howard UniversityPhoto: Wesley Law/STL Magwww.creativeprocess.infowww.oneplanetpodcast.org

We're live with Dr. Stanley Andrisse, author and executive director of Prison to Professionals continues his discussion from Prison Cells to PHD: It's Never Too Late to do Good, Alan Migliorato, co-author of Failing Forward: Leadership Lessons from Catholic Teens Today joins us and Jerry Richard talks about Auguste “Nonco” and his re-opening on his canonization.

EXTRAORDINARY AWAKENINGS with STEVE TAYLOR, PhD     “It's ego dissolution. But it's not just ego dissolution; it's also the birth of a new self. It's not just a break down, which is ego dissolution, it's a shift up.  It's the uncovering of a deeper spiritual self which was always there but it seems to have been dormant, waiting for the opportunity to emerge.” – Steve Taylor, PhD, describing extraordinary awakenings       Episode Summary:   Why do some people who experience the absolute worst that life has to offer respond not by breaking down but by shifting up, into a higher-functioning, awakened state, like a phoenix rising from the ashes?    Today we talk with Steve Taylor, PhD, the author of Extraordinary Awakenings: When Trauma Leads to Transformation, and other bestselling books. He is senior lecturer in psychology at Leeds Beckett University in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England; and the chair of the Transpersonal Psychology Section of the British Psychological Society. Steve's articles and essays have been published in over 100 academic journals, magazines, and newspapers and he blogs for Scientific American and Psychology Today.   Listen in to hear how you can encourage your own spontaneous, extraordinary awakening.     Topics We Discuss:   [2:56] His research in transformation through turmoil (instantaneous), in contrast with post-traumatic growth (normally slow and gradual).    [5:41] Breakdown of the ego giving way to a larger, more spiritual self.   [8:23] What is means to awaken. The surface personality and its attachments fade, while soul qualities emerge. Interconnectivity increases.   [11:47] Triggers for profound transformation:  prison, military conflict, bereavement, near death experience, cancer diagnosis.   [17:03]  We can encourage transformational experiences, hopefully without the life-or-death level turmoil -- acknowledging, embracing and accepting challenging situations.   [20:05] When the “normal self” dies away during these extraordinary awakenings, disease and addiction can instantaneously resolve during.   [22:33] Why Steve Taylor is optimistic about the future of humanity. Evolution is a continuum of increasing consciousness.   [27:46] Amy's speed round questions: What is spirituality? What is something people don't know about you? What is one thing you're looking forward to right now? What's one thing you're deeply grateful for? What book in on your nightstand? What is your favorite spiritual or healing practice? What is the most spiritually transformative experience of your life?       FOLLOW STEVE TAYLOR:   Find out more about Steve's books on Amazon. Or check out his website. Have you had an awakening experience?  You can share your own extraordinary awakening here.       SUPPORT DR. AMY ROBBINS:   If you're enjoying the podcast and finding value in guest interviews, ghost stories, and the content I share, please consider supporting the show by becoming a Patreon member for as little as $5 a month at Patreon.com/DrAmyRobbins   As a member you'll get more say in the content we cover and exclusive access to behind-the-scenes goodness!   Stay Connected with Dr. Amy Robbins:   Instagram YouTube Website Facebook  

Growing up in Ferguson, Missouri, Stanley Andrisse started selling dope and was arrested for the first time at fourteen years old. By his early twenties he found himself sitting in front of a judge facing twenty years to life on drug trafficking charges. The judge sentenced him to ten years in a maximum-security prison.  How did he go from a prison cell to getting his Ph.D. and MBA simultaneously, and becoming endocrinologist and impactful leader at Johns Hopkins Medicine, specializing in diabetes research? We will get into all of that and more, including his amazing foundation.  Go learn more about what he is up to at: https://www.fromprisoncellstophd.org   Get his book From Prison Cell to PHD: It's Never Too Late To Do Good.    Get my book at  ftheshouldsdothewants.com and claim access to the bonuses! If you have it - PLEASE leave a review on Amazon! Check out my new immersive 4 month container at yourjoyologist.com/own Please subscribe to the podcast and leave a review! Screenshot it and send it to podcast@yourjoyologist.com and I will send you a gift from my shop.yourjoyologist.com   For all things me go to https://yourjoyologist.com and @_triciahuffman and @yourjoyologist on social media   Go get + gift my daily inspiration app OWN YOUR AWESOME and check out my product line here!    Interested in working with me? Send me a DM or email your joyologist at your joyologist dot com

Do you know how many people get out of maximum security prison and become doctors?  Well we don't either, but we're pretty sure it's a very small number.  What we do know is that there's at least one, because he's on the show today.  In prison for drug dealing, now an endocrinologist, Dr. Andrisse proves that while outliers may be rare, you can't count them out.  They do happen. From Prison Cells to PhD: It is Never Too Late to Do Good - amzn.to/3ij8WPI See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Special Guest: Eli Lebowitz, PhD It's healthy and normal to become aware of possible threats and dangers around us so that we can be safe and make safe choices- however, in children with anxiety, they get stuck in continually imagining that something bad or dangerous will happen, and it feels just as if the bad […] The post How to Talk to Kids about Breaking Free of Anxiety and OCD with Eli Lebowitz, PhD appeared first on drrobynsilverman.com.

In today's episode, we share how a team activity at the top of a mountain triggered our broken soundtrack that takes us back to where it all started in high school. We encourage you to discover your broken soundtracks, and then we give you the tools to help you replace and repeat them with positive ones. Happiness Homework: 1. What is your broken soundtrack you keep playing over and over again. 2. Ask yourself the following 3 questions: Is it true? Is it helpful? Is it kind? 3. Apply the 3 Rs: Retire, Replace, and Repeat Quotes: "If you listen to any thought long enough it becomes a part of your personal playlist -Jon Acuff "Your body is an instrument, not an ornament."- Lexie & Lindsay Kite, PhD "It's amazing how much you can get done when you don't waste time beating yourself up." -Jon Acuff Sources: Soundtracks by Jon Acuff More Than A Body by Lindsay & Lexie Kite, PhD Connect with us! Facebook: Jules Philippi Instagram: @philippifitness Facebook: Jamie Mae Schoepke Instagram: @jamie_schoepke Topic suggestions? Shoot us an email at wearepositiveonpurpose@gmail.com

Host: John Buse, MD, PhD It can be tempting for patients to undermine the seriousness of diabetes. But in recognition of Diabetes Alert Day, Dr. John Buse explains why we need to set the record straight.

Guest: Jeffrey D. Cirillo, PhD It’s critical that we understand whether or not a patient with an immune-mediated inflammatory disease has latent tuberculosis (TB) before starting treatment with inhibitory therapies as this can impact TB reactivation frequencies and the risk of complications. Dr. Jeffrey Cirillo from the Texas A&M College of Medicine explains how we can test for latent TB.

While the focus of the world has been on the COVID-19 pandemic, Congress has been busy preparing a war authorization for the incoming Joe Biden administration. In this episode, we examine the advice given to Congress in nine recent hearings to learn which countries are on the World Trade System naughty list, as Jen prepares to read the NDAA that's soon to become law. Please Support Congressional Dish – Quick Links Click here to contribute monthly or a lump sum via PayPal Click here to support Congressional Dish via Patreon (donations per episode) Send Zelle payments to: Donation@congressionaldish.com Send Venmo payments to: @Jennifer-Briney Send Cash App payments to: $CongressionalDish or Donation@congressionaldish.com Use your bank’s online bill pay function to mail contributions to: 5753 Hwy 85 North, Number 4576, Crestview, FL 32536 Please make checks payable to Congressional Dish Thank you for supporting truly independent media! Recommended Episodes CD208: The Brink of the Iran War CD195: Yemen CD191: The Democracies of Elliott Abrams CD190: A Coup for Capitalism CD186: National Endowment for Democracy CD167: Combating Russia NDAA CD131: Bombing Libya Bills H.R.526: Cambodia Democracy Act of 2019 Congress.gov H.Res.751: Reaffirming the partnership between the United States and the African Union and recognizing the importance of diplomatic, security, and trade relations. Congress.gov H.Res.1120: Urging the Government of Tanzania and all parties to respect human rights and constitutional rights and ensure free and fair elections in October 2020, and recognizing the importance of multi-party democracy in Tanzania Congress.gov H.Res.1183: Supporting respect for human rights and encouraging continued democratic progress in Ethiopia, and for other purposes. Congress.gov Articles/Documents Article: Belarus Will Be an Early Challenge for Biden, By Gregory Feifer, Slate, December 18, 2020 Article: Expanded "America Crece" Initiative Launch Event, U.S. Chamber of Commerce, December 17, 2020 Article: Court Finds Evidence of Crimes Against Humanity in the Philippines, By Jason Gutierrez, The New York Times, December 15, 2020 Article: 2,596 Trades in One Term: Inside Senator Perdue’s Stock Portfolio, By Stephanie Saul, Kate Kelly and Michael LaForgia, The New York Times, December 2, 2020 Article: Africa: From caravan networks to investment projects, By Ahmet Kavas, Daily Sabah, November 25, 2020 Article: Ethiopia’s Problems Will Not End with a Military Victory, By Aly Verjee, United States Institute of Peace, November 24, 2020 Article: Tanzania: Repression Mars National Elections, Human Rights Watch, November 23, 2020 Article: DoD Policy Chief Quits As Leadership Vacuum Expands, By Paul McLeary, DefenseNews, November 10, 2020 Article: Biden landing team for Pentagon announced, By Aaron Mehta, DefenseNews, November 10, 2020 Article: Africa in the news: Unrest in Ethiopia, contentious elections results in Tanzania and Côte d’Ivoire, and a new UK-Kenya trade deal By Payce Madden, Brookings, November 7, 2020 Article: US doing its best to lock China out of Latin America By Vijay Prashad, Asia Times, November 4, 2020 Article: Ethiopia Proposes Holding Postponed Vote in May or June 2021: FANA By Addis Ababa, Reuters, October 30, 2020 Press Release: Crisis in Mali, By Alexis Arieff, Congressional Research Service, October 21, 2020 Article: América Crece: Washington's new investment push in Latin America By Jeff Abbott, Committee in Solidarity with the People of El Salvador, October 8, 2020 Article: Ethiopian Region Holds Local Elections in Defiance of Prime Minister By Simon Marks and Abdi Latif Dahir, The New York Times, September 10, 2020 Article: IRI Expert Discusses COVID-19, Protecting Democracy in Europe and Protests in Belarus in Testimony to House Foreign Affairs Committee International Republican Institute, September 10, 2020 Article: Nile dam row: US cuts aid to Ethiopia, BBC News, September 3, 2020 Press Release: Belarus: An Overview, By Cory Welt, Congressional Research Service, August 24, 2020 Press Release: Rep. Omar Leads Letter to Condemn Trump Administration’s Plan to Invest in Controversial Projects in Honduras, Ilhan Omar, August 13, 2020 Article: China Dominates Bid for Africa’s Largest Dam in New Pact By Pauline Bax and Michael Kavanagh, Bloomberg Green, August 7, 2020 Article: Nile dam row: Egypt fumes as Ethiopia celebrates By Magdi Abdelhadi, BBC News, July 29, 2020 Article: Remarks by CEO Boehler at the América Crece Event With President Hernández of the Republic of Honduras U.S. International Development Finance Corporation, July 21, 2020 Article: Can Malian President Keita survive growing anti-gov’t protests? By Hamza Mohamed, Aljazeera, July 10, 2020 Article: Pundits with undisclosed funding from arms manufacturers urge ‘stronger force posture’ to counter China By Eli Clifton, Responsible Statecraft, May 14, 2020 Article: The Three Seas Initiative explained By David A. Wemer, Atlantic Council, February 11, 2020 Article: FORMER OBAMA OFFICIALS HELP SILICON VALLEY PITCH THE PENTAGON FOR LUCRATIVE DEFENSE CONTRACTS By Lee Fang, The Intercept, July 22, 2018 Article: Is John McCain's Pick to Lead the International Republican Institute a Strike Against Donald Trump? By Timothy J. Burger, Town & Country, August 10, 2017 Article: The River That Swallows All Dams By Charles Kenny and John Norris, Foreign Policy, May 8, 2015 Document: The Grand Inga Illusion By David Lunde, University of Denver, 2014 Article: Can DR Congo's Inga dam project power Africa? By Maud Jullien, BBC News, November 15, 2013 Article: A New Take on the 1961 Murder of Congo’s Leader By Slobodan Lekic, Los Angeles Times, September 3, 2006 Article: How Biden’s Foreign-Policy Team Got Rich By Jonathan Guyer, The American Prospect Article: Christopher Fomunyoh Grabs Man Of The Year Award By Bama Cham, Eden Newspaper Article: Reform in Ethiopia: Turning Promise into Progress, Yoseph Badwaza and Jon Temin, Freedom House Article: Beijing and Wall Street deepen ties despite geopolitical rivalry, Financial Times Article: THE HISTORY OF DR CONGO TIMELINE, Welcome to the Congo Reform Association Article: Business: The Big Dreamer, By LOUIS EDGAR DETWILER, TIME, August 01, 1960 Additional Resources About The Jamestown Foundation Agenda 2063: The Africa We Want. African Union Alyssa Ayres Council on Foreign Relations DEREK MITCHELL National Democratic Institute Douglas Rutzen International Center for Not-For-Profit Law Daniel Serwer, LinkedIn Daniel Serwer, Middle East Institute Daniel Twining LinkedIn Dr. Daniel Twining International Republican Institute Elbridge Colby, LinkedIn Elbridge Colby, The Marathon Initiative Elbridge Colby, Senior Advisor, Westexec Advisors Employment Timeline: Albright, Madeleine K OpenSecrets.org Eric Farnsworth, LinkedIn Eric Farnsworth Americas Society Council of the Americas Flagship Projects of Agenda 2063 African Union History: IDEA TO REALITY: NED AT 30 National Endowment for Democracy Investing in Development U.S. International Development Finance Corporation Jamie Fly The German Marshall Fund of the United States Jamie Fly U.S. Agency For Global Media Janusz Bugajski, The Jamestown Foundation Jon Temin Freedom House Joshua Meservey, LinkedIn Lauren Blanchard, LinkedIn Michael Camilleri, The Dialogue Mission Statement, Growth in the Americas Monica de Bolle International Capital Strategies Our Experienced Team McLarty Associates Philip Reeker, LinkedIn Summary: Albright Stonebridge Group OpenSecrets.org Susan Stigant, United States Institute of Peace Team, The Beacon Project, October 2020 Team ALBRIGHT STONEBRIDGE GROUP Therese Pearce Laanela, Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance Yoseph Badwaza, Freedom House Sound Clip Sources Hearing: THE BALKANS: POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE NEXT ADMINISTRATION, Committee on Foreign Affairs, December 8, 2020 Watch on C-SPAN Watch on Youtube Witnesses: Madeleine Albright Chairman of the National Democratic Institute Chairman of the Albright Stonebridge Group, a global strategy firm Chairman of Albright Capital Management , an investment advisory firm Member of the Council on Foreign Relations 2003-2005: Member of the Board of Directors of the NYSE 1997-2001: Secretary of State 1978-1981: National Security Council Staff Daniel Serwer Director of American Foreign Policy and Conflict Management at the School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University Former Vice President at the US Institute of Peace Former Minister Counselor at the State Department during the Clinton years Janusz Bugajski Senior Fellow at the Jamestown Foundation Former Senior Fellow at the Center for European Policy Analysis (CEPA) Hosts a tv show in the Balkans Transcript: 40:03 Rep. Eliot Engel (NY): Serbia has been importing Russian fighters and tanks and conducting military exercises with the Russian Army. A US Defense Department report told us that Belgrade's drift towards Moscow has mostly occurred since President Vučić took power. The same time democratic space in Serbia has shrunk in recent years. Freedom House describes Serbia as a, 'hybrid regime', not a democracy because of declining standards in governance, justice, elections and media freedom. If Serbia wants to become part of the European Union, and the North Atlantic family of nations, it needs to get off the fence and embrace a Western path. 56:17 Madeleine Albright: As you know, Mr. Chairman, the President Elect has been personally engaged in the Balkans since his time in the Senate. And he was one of the most outspoken leaders in Congress calling for the United States to help end the complex and I was honored to work closely with him throughout my time in office. And I know that he understands the region and its importance for the United States. The national security team that President Elect Biden is putting in place is deeply knowledgeable and committed to helping all the countries of the region move forward as part of a Europe that is whole free and at peace. And that's important, because today this vision is in peril. The nations of the Western Balkans are suffering deeply from the health and economic impacts of the coronavirus pandemic. Corruption remains a serious problem, and nationalist leaders continue to stoke and exploit ethnic tensions. China and Russia are also exerting new influence in the region, with Serbia in particular the target of much anti Western propaganda. As the pandemic eases there will be an opportunity for the United States and Europe to help the region build back better, particularly as Western European countries seek to bring supply chains closer to home. And as new funds become available to invest in energy diversification and environmental protection. 59:36 Madeleine Albright: The answer is for the United States and the EU to work together to champion initiatives that help custom Bosnia and others build economic ties to Europe and the neighborhood while also pushing for needed political reforms. 1:00:00 Madeleine Albright: On Bosnia, the Dayton accords stopped a war and continue to keep the peace. But the governing arrangements are not captured by leaders among the three groups that negotiated the peace. They want to hold on to power even if it means holding their society back. While Bosnia is neighbors move toward EU membership, the United States and the European Union must focus their efforts in Bosnia on the abuse of government and state owned enterprises. Taking away the levers of power that keep the current system in place. 1:05:30 Daniel Serwer: Europe and the United States want a post state in Bosnia, they can qualify for EU membership. That Bosnia will be based not on ethnic power sharing, but rather on majorities of citizens electing their representatives. [?] entities as well as ethnic vetoes and restrictions we'll need to fade. the Americans and Europeans should welcome the prospect of a new Civic constitution. But no one outside Boston Herzegovina can reform its constitution, a popular movement is needed. The United States along with the Europeans needs to shield any popular movement from repression while starting the entities with funding and redirecting it to the central government and municipalities. 1:12:07 Janusz Bugajski: Moscow views Serbia in particular, and the Republic of Srpska in Bosnia as useful tools to subvert regional security and limit Western integration. 1:12:40 Janusz Bugajski: Western Balkan inclusion in the Three Seas Initiative and its North South transportation corridor will enhance economic performance and help provide alternatives to dependence on Russian energy and Chinese loans. 2:00:41: Rep. Gerry Connolly (VA): Why do you think longer term in the Balkans its Chinese influence we need to be focused on? Janusz Bugajski:Thank you very much for that question. Let me begin with why Russia is not a longer term danger. Russia is a country in serious decline, economic decline. Its economies size of a medium sized European state. China has the second largest economy in the world. Russia has internal problems with its nationalities with its regions, with increasing public unrest with increasing opposition to put in them even be power struggles during the succession period over the next four years, Russia faces major internal problems. China, on the other hand, unless of course, there is opposition to the Chinese Communist Party from within, is in a different stage. It continues to be a very dynamic country in terms of its economic growth. It doesn't face the sort of internal contradictions and conflicts that Russia does. And it's increasingly.. China's always looked at the longer term. In other words, they don't even have to look at succession cycles, because of the dominance of the Communist Party. They are looking eventually to replace Russia as the major rival of the United States. And the best way to do that is to increase their influence not only militarily in East Asia, South Asia and other parts of the world, but economically, politically, diplomatically, culturally, and through the media and that's precisely what they're doing, not only in Europe, but in other continents. 2:18:38 Madeleine Albright: I think that democracy and economic development go together also. Because as I put it, people want to vote and eat. Hearing: THE UNFOLDING CONFLICT IN ETHIOPIA, Committee on Foreign Affairs: Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, Global Human Rights, and International Organizations, December 3, 2020 Watch on Youtube Witnesses: Yoseph Badwaza Senior Advisor for Africa at Freedom House Former Secretary General of Ethiopian Human Rights Council Susan Stigant Director of the Africa Program at the United States Institute of Peace Former program director at the National Democratic Institute, focused on South Sudan Tsedale Lemma Editor in Chief and Founder of Addis Standard Magazine Lauren Ploch Blanchard Specialist in African Affairs at the Congressional Research Service Former East Africa Program Manager at the International Republican Institute Transcript: 35:32 Yoseph Badwaza: The devastating developments of the past four weeks have brought inmeasurable human suffering and the destruction of livelihoods and appear to have returned to yet another protracted civil war and nearly 30 years after it emerged from its last. These tragic events have also dealt a deadly blow to what would have been one of the most consequential democratic transitions on the African continent. 37:09 Yoseph Badwaza: A series of missed opportunities in the last two and a half years led to the tragic derailment of a promising democratic experiment. A half hearted effort at implementing reforms by a ruling party establishment reluctant to shape its deeply authoritarian roots. Roots stands in the way of a genuine inclusive political process. Hearing: U.S. DEFENSE POSTURE CHANGES IN THE EUROPEAN THEATER, Committee on Armed Services, September 30, 2020 Watch on Youtube Witnesses: Dr. James Anderson Former Acting Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, Department of Defense (resigned the day after Trump fired DoD Secretary Mark Esper) 2006-2009: Director of Middle East Policy for the Secretary of Defense 2001-2006 - Gap in LinkedIn resume 2000-2001: Associate at DFI International, a multinational consulting firm 1997-1999: Research Fellow at the Heritage Foundation Lt. Gen David Allen: Director for Strategy, Plans, and Policy, Joint Chiefs of Staff Transcript: 17:14 Dr. James Anderson: As we continue to implement the NDS or efforts at enhancing our European posture beyond Eucom Combat Command Review, have shown recent successes, including the signing of the Enhanced Defense Cooperation Agreement with Poland in August that will enable an increased enduring US rotational presence in that country of about 1000 US military personnel. Hearing: DEMOCRATIC BACKSLIDING IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA, Committee on Foreign Affairs: Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, Global Human Rights, and International Organizations, September 30, 2020 Watch on Youtube Witnesses: Christopher Fomunyoh Senior Associate for Africa at the National Democratic Institute for International Affairs Has been at NDI since 1993 Has worked for the Cameroon Water Corporation and Cameroon Airlines Corporation Dorina A. Bekoe, PhD Research Staff Member at the Institute for Defense Analyses Jon Temin Director of the Africa Program at Freedom House Freedom House gets most of its funding from the National Endowment for Democracy 2014-2017: U.S. Department of State’s Policy Planning Staff Director of the U.S. Institute of Peace’s Africa Program Member of the Council on Foreign Relations Non-resident Senior Associate with the Center for Strategic and International Studies Joshua Meservey Senior Policy Analyst for Africa and the Middle East at the Heritage Foundation since 2015 Former Associate Director of the Atlantic Council Former Field Team Manager for the Church World Service Resettlement Support Center Former Volunteer with the US Peace Corps Former intern for the US Army Special Operations Command Former Loss Prevention Coordinator for Dollar Financial Corporation Transcript: 7:13 Rep. Chris Smith (NJ): I fear that 2020 may see an even greater decrease in democracy on the continent. Today's hearing is also timely, as elections are approaching next month in Tanzania and the Ivory Coast, both countries which appear to be on a downward trajectory in terms of governance and respect for civil and political rights. And I want to note that Chairwoman bass has introduced legislation with respect to Tanzania, and I'm very proud to be a co sponsor of it and I thank you for that leadership. 8:37 Rep. Chris Smith (NJ): For example, was quite obvious to outside observers in the DRC that the declared winner of the latest presidential election held in late 2018. Felix Tshisekedi received less votes than Martin Fayulu low because of a corrupt bargain between the outgoing strongman Joseph Kabila Tshisekedi. The Constitutional Court packed by Kabila declared him to be the winner. What happened next was troubling, as our State Department issued a statement that said and I quote, 'the United States welcomes the Congolese Constitutional Court certification of Felix Tshisekedi as the next president of the DRC,' which was apparently driven by a handful of diplomats, including our ambassador. 9:26 Rep. Chris Smith (NJ): Elections in Nigeria were first postponed by sitting President Buhari and marred by irregularities in advance of the election date, quitting arson attacks on the independent national Electoral Commission offices in opposition strongholds in Buhari's his removal of Supreme Court Justice Walter Onnoghen. 10:40 Rep. Chris Smith (NJ): Before Sudan is delisted as a state sponsor of terrorism, I also believe there must be justice for all victims of its past bad acts including the victims of 911, many of whom live in my home state of New Jersey and in my district. 14:44 Rep. Karen Bass (CA): Most concerning is the situation in Tanzania, which I recently addressed in House Resolution 1120 where current leadership is repressing the opposition and basic freedoms of expression and assembly in a blatant attempt to retain power. 15:00 Rep. Karen Bass (CA): We see similar patterns in Cote d'Ivoire as the executive branch legalizes the deviation in democratic institutions to codify non democratic actions. We have similar concerns about Guinea and are going to be very watchful of upcoming elections there. And in Burkina Faso, the Central African Republic, Chad, Gabon, Ghana, Nigeria and Somalia. 15:57 Rep. Karen Bass (CA): What concerns me most is the democratic backsliding is not limited to Africa and we seem to be in a place of retreat from democracy that I only hope is an anomaly. In Europe, we see the egregious behavior of Belarusian president Alexander Lukashenko, who claimed success in a disputed August 9 election and sought support from extra national resources such as Russia to justify his claim to power. 17:28 Rep. Karen Bass (CA): President Duterte of the Philippines is accused of lawfare, or weaponizing the law to deter or defeat freedoms, personalities and establishments that promote human rights, press freedoms and the rule of law while also cracking down on individual freedoms. 24:39 Christopher Fomunyoh: NDI has over three decades of technical assistance to and support for democratic institutions and processes in Africa and currently runs active programs in 20 countries. 26:09 Christopher Fomunyoh: Notably, West Africa, previously commanded as a trailblazer region has seen serious backsliding, as Mali experienced a military coup, and major controversies have arisen about candidacies of incumbent presidents in Guinea, Conakry and Cote d'Ivoire. The Central Africa region remains stocked with the three with the highest concentration of autocratic regimes with the three longest serving presidents in the world. In that sub region, notably Equatorial Guinea forty one years, Cameroon 38 years, and Congo Brazzaville 38 years. 26:50 Christopher Fomunyoh: In southern and East Africa, continued persecution of political opposition and civil society activists in Zimbabwe and similar worrying signs or patterns in Tanzania since 2016 seriously diminished citizen participation in politics and governance and also stand my prospects for much needed reforms. 31:31 Dorina A. Bekoe: Mali's 2012 coup took place even though there was a regularly scheduled election just one month away. And the coup in August of this year took place despite the fact that in 2018 there was a presidential election and last year there were legislative elections. 38:44 Jon Temin: The United States should consider changes to term and age limits that allow incumbent leaders to extend their time in office as essentially a coup against the constitution and respond accordingly. These moves by leaders who have already served two terms are an usurpation of power, that deny the country and its citizens the many benefits of leadership rotation. 40:07 Jon Temin: In Sudan the long overdue process of removing the country from the list of state sponsors of terrorism may soon conclude, but that is not enough. The United States needs to support the civilian component of Sudan's transitional government at every step of the long road toward democracy and do all that it can to revive Sudan's economy. 40:25 Jon Temin: In Ethiopia, there are deeply concerning signs that the government is reaching for tools of repression that many hoped were relegated to history. Nonetheless, Ethiopia remains on a tentative path to democratic elections that can be transformative. In this context, the decision by the United States to withhold development assistance from Ethiopia in a quixotic and counterproductive effort to influence Ethiopia's negotiating position concerning the grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam is bad policy that should be reversed. 41:00 Jon Temin: Nascent democratic transitions in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Gambia and Angola also call for strong US support. 1:10:21 Rep. Ilhan Omar (MN): I want to start with Dr. Fomunyoh. In your testimony you discuss the massacres committed in the Anglophone region of Cameroon. Did the United States provide training funding or arms to the Cameroonian security forces who committed those massacres? 1:12:20 Rep. Ilhan Omar (MN): Did the Millennium military officers who led the recent coup [??] receive US military training? And if you can just say yes or no, because I have a few more questions and we have limited time. 1:29:23 Jon Temin: Freedom in the world, which we do every year rates every country in the world that includes the United States, the United States score was decreasing before this administration, we have seen a slow slippage of democracy in America for some time, rating based on our scores. That decrease has accelerated under this administration. 1:30:00 Jon Temin: I think part of it has to do with freedom for journalists. I believe there's been some concern there. Part of it has to do with corruption and some of the indications that we've seen of corrupt activity within government. I'll leave it there. We're happy to go dig into that and provide you more detail. And I'm sure that when we look at the scores again later this year, there will be a robust conversation on the United States. Hearing: THE ROLE OF ALLIES AND PARTNERS IN U.S. MILITARY STRATEGY AND OPERATIONS, Committee on Armed Services, September 23, 2020 Watch on Youtube Witnesses: Christine Wormuth On Joe Biden's presidential transition team 2018- present: Director of the International Security and Defense Policy Center at the RAND Corporation 2017-2018: Founding Director of the Adrienne Arsht Center for Resilience at the Atlantic Council 2017-2018: Senior Advisor for the Center for Strategic and International Studies 2010-2014: Various DoD positions, rising to Under Secretary of Defense for Policy 2004-2009: Senior Fellow at the Center for Strategic and International Studies 2002-2004: Principal at DFI Government Services, an international defense consulting firm Lt. Gen. Ben Hodges Center for European Policy Analysis Board of Advisors for the Spirit of America (not listed on hearing bio) Board of Directors is made up of CEOs of mulitnational corporations Board of Advisors is full of corporate titans and big names, including Michelle Flournoy, Jeh Johnson, Kimberly Kagan, Jack Keane, James Mattis, Stanley McChrystal, H.R. McMaster, & George Shultz 2014-2017: Commanding General of the US Army in Europe Elbridge Colby Principal and co-Founder of the Marathon Initiative Formed in May 2020 Senior Advisor to WestExec Advisors (not listed on hearing bio) Co-Founded by incoming Secretary of State Antony Blinken and Michelle Flournoy, who told the Intercept in 2018, "we help tech firms who are trying to figure out how to sell in the public sector space, to navigate the DOD, the intel community, law enforcement." 2018-2019: Director of the Defense Program at the Center for a New American Security Northrup Grumman is one of its biggest donors, also gets funding from Lockheed Martin, Raytheon, Bell Helicopter, BAE Systems, General Dynamics, Boeing, and DynCorp. 2017-2018: Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Strategy and Force Development Lead official in the creation of the 2018 National Defense Strategy 2010-2017: Center for a New American Security GWB administration (not listed on his LinkedIn) 2005-2006: worked with the Office of the Director of National Intelligence 2004-2005: President GWB's WMD Commission 2003: worked with the Coalition Provisional Authority in Iraq Transcript: 17:14 20:08 Lt. Gen. Ben Hodges: Second point of emphasis requires us to place importance on the greater Black Sea where. I believe the great power competition prevents great power conflict, failure to compete and to demonstrate interest and willingness to protect those interests in all domains, power vacuums and miscalculations which can lead to escalation and to actual conflict. This is particularly true in the greater Black Sea region, where Russia is attempting to maximize its sphere of influence. The Black Sea region should be the place where the United States and our NATO allies and partners hold the line. The Black Sea should matter to the west in part because it [was to the Kremlin.] taking the initiative away from the Kremlin denies the ability to support the Assad regime in Syria and then to live will reduce the flow of rich into Europe, or General Breedlove called the weaponization of refugee. Limit the Kremlin's ability to spread his thoughts of influence in the Balkans which is the Middle East and North Africa. 21:28 Lt. Gen. Ben Hodges: We must repair the relationship between Turkey and the United States. And see Turkey [?] as an exposed ally at the crossroads of several regions and challenges. Turkey is essential for deterrence of the Kremlin in the Black Sea region. And it is a critical both against ISIS and Iran we need to consider this relationship to be a priority, [but] condone or excuse several mistakes or bad choices about the Turkish Government. There are times are very quiet, but we think long term. The current Turkish administration will eventually change. But the strategically important geography of Turkey will never change. 23:31 Elbridge Colby: Allies and partners are absolutely essential for the United States in a world increasingly defined by great power competition, above all with China. Indeed, they lie at the very heart of the right US strategy for this era, which I believe the Department of Defense's 2018 National Defense Strategy lays out. The importance to the United States of allies and partners is not a platitude, but the contrary. For the first time since the 19th century, the United States is not far and away the world's largest economy. More than anything else, this is due to the rise of China. And that has become very evident. Beijing is increasingly using its growing power for coercive purposes. 24:08 Elbridge Colby: United States faces a range of other potential threats, including primarily from Russia against NATO, as well as from transnational terrorists, Iran and North Korea. In other words, there exists multiple challenges to US national security interests. Given their breadth and scope, America can no longer expect to take care of them essentially alone. Accordingly, we must address this widening shortfall between the threats we face and the resources we have to deal with them by a much greater role for allies and partners. 24:59 Elbridge Colby: Because of China's power and wealth, the United States simply must play a leading role in blocking Beijing's pursuit of hegemony in Asia. This means that the US defense establishment must prioritize dealing with China and Asia and particularly vulnerable allies and partners such as Taiwan and the Philippines. 25:24 Elbridge Colby: In particular, we will not be able to dedicate the level of resources and effort to the Middle East and Europe that we have in the past. We will therefore need allied partners to do their part not just to help defend our interests and enable a concentration on Asia but to defend themselves and their interests. 26:00 Elbridge Colby: The contemporary threats to us interest stem from China across Asia. Transnational terrorists largely in the Middle East, Russia and Eastern Europe, Persian Gulf area and North Korea in Asia. 26:11 Elbridge Colby: Yet the United States is traditional, closest and most significant allies are largely clustered in Western Europe in Northeast Asia. Many of these countries, especially Europe feel quite secure and are little motivated to contribute to more distant threats. This leaves wide areas such as South and Southeast Asia and the Middle East, for which long standing US alliances are of minimal help. The natural way to rectify this is for the United States to add partners and form necessary alliances to help address these gaps. 35:13 Elbridge Colby: In this effort, though, we should be very careful to distinguish between expanding our formal alliances or [?] alliances from expanding our partnerships, the former should be approached derivatively while the latter can be approached more liberally, when we extend an alliance commitment or something tantamount to it as in the case of Taiwan, we tie our credibility to that nation's fate. We should therefore be [cheery] about doings. In light of this, we should seek to expand our partnerships wherever possible. In particular, we should focus on increasing them in South and Southeast Asia and the Pacific Islands, where China otherwise might have an open field to [subordances] and add them to its pro hegemonium coalition. 27:41 Elbridge Colby: I do not see a near term need to add any allies to the US roster. But I do think we will increasingly need to consider this as the shadow of Chinese power darkens over the region. 27:53 Elbridge Colby: Our effort to expand our network of allies and partners should really be focused on states with shared threat perceptions. It has become something of a common place that shared values form the bedrock of our alliances. It is true that such values help allies, but the most useful alliances generally proceed from shared fears. The best motivator to fight is self defense. The states that have a shared interest in preventing Chinese or Russian or Iranian hegemony selves have a natural alignment with our own. This is true whether or not they are democracies. 29:00 Elbridge Colby: In Asia, given the scale proposed by Beijing, we should concentrate most of our allies like Japan, South Korea, the Philippines and Taiwan on readying to defend themselves alongside US Armed Forces and provide access to US forces in the event of a contingency. 29:16 Elbridge Colby: Meanwhile, we should assist partners like Vietnam, Singapore, Indonesia, with whatever means available to enable their defense against an ever more powerful China while concurrently seeking greater access and logistics support for US and other allied forces. 29:39 Elbridge Colby: Europe Finally, the overall us goal should be while preserving the fundamental us commitment to NATO's defense to have Europeans especially in northern and eastern Europe shoulder more of the burden of defending the Alliance from Russia assault. The reality is that given the stakes and consequences, the United States must prioritize Asia. United States must therefore economize in its second theater Europe. 35:13 Elbridge Colby: And move away from using these tools as leverage for key partners for domestic political reform or secondary geopolitical objectives. United States should always of course, stand proudly for free government that treats its people with dignity. We must keep our eye on the prize though China is the primary challenge to our interest in the world, including our government, both at home and abroad. Our top priority must therefore be to block its gaining predominance in Asia, which is a very real prospect. This means strengthening states in the region against Chinese power, whether or not they are model democracies. 35:15 Rep. Adam Smith (WA): When we should we just say, look, we're not going to worry about your domestic politics. We want to build the Alliance, however possible. How would we deal with extreme human rights abuses, as are alleged in the Philippines in terms of extra judicial killings, or in the case of India, and of course, we're dealing with this with Turkey and Europe as well, as you know, doing the arm sales with Russia, should we significantly back off on our sort of sanctions policy for those things? And if so, how do we signal that without without undermining our credibility? 40:55 Elbridge Colby: In a sense, what we're going to need to do to leverage this greater power of this network, you know, allies, partners, whatever their role is going to be interoperability, the ability to work to different standards to communicate with each other. That's partially a technical problem and an equipment problem, but a lot of it is human training and an organizational issue. And Taiwan, I think I'm very enthusiastic about the arms sales to Taiwan. And I know that one was recently reported, I hope it goes through because it's the kind of equipment that we want to see this kind of A2AD denial kind of capabilities to Taiwan, but actually, where I think would be really valuable to move forward with. And that's a sensitive issue, but I think this would be within the context of our trade policy would personally be on training, you know, and that's something we could think about with Vietnam as well. Obviously, the Indians have a very sophisticated military, but they're maybe we can offer there too. So I think that's a real sort of force multiplier. 42:00 Rep. Mac Thornberry (TX): Turkeys geography, history, critical role is always going to be important is certainly valid. And yet, not only are there human rights and governance issues, the current leader of Turkey has policies that contradict the, in many ways the best interests of the United States. So, take that specific example. We don't want to make enemies of Turkey forever. But yet, what do we do now? To to preserve that future when there's a different government, but yet make clear or in some way help guide them on a better policy path? 57:50 Christine Wormuth: We need to make adjustments to our posture in the region to be able to better deal with China. And so the announcement by Palau, for example, that it's willing to host US airfields and bases could be quite helpful to us. Even though they're relatively small. We do need to diversify our footprint. 1:24:52 Christine Wormuth: The challenge is that the many of the countries in the indo Pacific don't want to have to choose between the United States and China. They want to engage with China for very clear economic interests, while most of them lean towards the United States for security interests, and I think they're trying to sort of thread that needle. 1:32:07 Christine Wormuth: Turkey is a very challenging geostrategic problem. I was in the Obama administration when we were fighting ISIS, and we knew there was tension between the necessity to have partners on the ground and the Syrian Democratic Forces were what we had. We knew Turkey had issues with that. In my experience, however, the United States worked very hard and very closely with Turkey to try to assuage their concerns and nothing was ever enough for them. So we do have a challenge, they are very important in terms of where they are located, but the authoritarianism that Erdogan has turned to is concerning. So I think we have to keep the dialogue open and continue to try to keep turkey inside the fold, but at the same time, communicate that doing whatever they want is not acceptable. And the the S400 for example, is a key example of that. 1:34:07 Christine Wormuth: AFRICOM’s Zero Based review, I hope will shed light on which kinds of activities are helping us and helping our African partners. 1:35:36 Lt. Gen. Ben Hodges: The UK, France, Germany, Italy, Spain all have extensive efforts going on in Africa. So this is an opportunity once again, where we can work with allies to achieve what our objectives are. 1:40:00 Lt. Gen. Ben Hodges: What for sure brings a lot of military capability air landed forces to the a lot and that if for some reason, you know that it would have to be filled by us or the state or other allied to then that's a problem right? Sorry. But more importantly is control the strokes that can help the blacks in the Mediterranean. And so having a NATO ally has control and sovereignty over the strait we have the mantra. Hearing: Stemming a Receding Tide: Human Rights and Democratic Values in Asia, Committee on Foreign Affairs: Subcommittee on Asia, the Pacific, and Nonproliferation, September 22, 2020 Watch on Youtube Witnesses: Derek Mitchell President of the National Democratic Institute Returned to NDI in September 2018 after leaving in 1997 2012-2016: Former US Ambassador to the Republic of the Union of Myanmar (Burma) 2011-2012: U.S. Department of State’s first Special Representative and Policy Coordinator for Burma 2009-2011: Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense, Asian and Pacific Security Affairs (APSA) 2001-2009: Senior Fellow and Director of the Asia Division of the International Security Program at the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) 1997-2001: Special Assistant for Asian and Pacific Affairs in the Office of the Secretary of Defense 1993-1997: Senior Program Officer for Asia and the former Soviet Union at the National Democratic Institute 1986-1988: Foreign policy assistant for Sen. Ted Kennedy Dr. Alyssa Ayres Senior Fellow for India, Pakistan, and South Asia at the Council on Foreign Relations Consultant for the Japan Bank for International Cooperation Senior Advisor for McLarty Associates A global consultant firm "at home in corporate board rooms & government cabinet rooms, anywhere in the world" Member of the United States Institute of Peace 2010-2013: Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Southeast Asia 2008-2010: Founding director of the India and South Asia practice at McLarty Asssociates 2007-2008: Special Assistant to the Undersecretary of State for Political Affairs Daniel Twining President of the International Republican Institute since 2017 Picked by outgoing President, Sen. John McCain 2009-2016: Former director of the Asia Program at the German Marshall Fund 2007-2009: GWB State Department Policy Planning staffer 2001-2004: Foreign Policy Advisor to Sen. John McCain Transcript: 16:12 Lt. Gen. Ben Hodges: Last year I introduced the bipartisan Cambodia democracy act which passed the House overwhelmingly, it would impose sanctions on those in Cambodia responsible for undermining democratic rule of law in the country. We must be especially cognizant of democracies in Asia in danger of backsliding into autocracy, with China's help with their alternative to Western democracies, and that is Chinese socialism with Chinese characteristics that is communism, regardless of how they paint it and try to rename it. 21:10 Derek Mitchell: For nearly four decades, my organization, the National Democratic Institute, working alongside our partners at the International Republican Institute, and the National Endowment for Democracy has assisted the spread and institutionalization of democracy around the world. Let me say at the start that we can only do this work thanks to the sustained bipartisan support of Congress, including from this subcommittee. So for that we are truly grateful. 21:50 Derek Mitchell: Today NDI maintains nearly a dozen offices in the Indo-Pacific region. And last week we just received clearance from the Taiwan government to open an office in Taipei, which we will do soon. 30:07 Dr. Alyssa Ayres: Sri Lanka after a five year period of improvement is now moving in the other direction with the return of the Rajapaksa government. The new political configuration will not pursue progress on reconciliation and accountability for the end of the Civil War, and the newly elected parliament is already hard at work, the constitutional amendment to expand presidential powers. 34:21 Daniel Twining: Beyond China the past year has seen countries once viewed as bright spots for democracy like Malaysia and Sri Lanka, regress due to political infighting, personality politics and failure to deliver promised reforms. 1:48:50 Dr. Alyssa Ayres: I do believe that the creation of the DFC is important. It is my understanding that it is not quite up and running 100%. So we have yet to really see what it can do as a potential alternate to these kinds of infrastructure under writings. The other piece of the DFC is that is it in part designed to help crowd in private sector engagement and private sector investments. So that's another part of the story. I think we may need more time before we're able to see how effective this mechanism can be. 1:49:22 Dr. Alyssa Ayres: I would note that we also had another very effective source of US government assistance that depends on, his premise on good governance indicators. And that's the Millennium Challenge Corporation. And I would just caution that in the South Asia region, we have now seen two examples in Nepal and in Sri Lanka, were the long process of engaging toward a Millennium Challenge compact agreement, large investments, about 500 million in each case towards transportation and power infrastructure. These have actually been held up in both of those countries because of political concerns. The Nepali government doesn't want to be part of the US-Indo Pacific strategy or feel that it is somehow being brought into the Indo-Pacific strategy. The Rajapaksa government is suspicious of the US MCC. So I would just offer those two examples of cases where we've got a terrific tool, but it's run into some challenges for political reasons and the countries of concern. 1:50:29 Daniel Twining: Thank you, Congressman, you've been such a leader, including with your Cambodia democracy act. And you know, that's a reminder that we do have the tools and, and leverage. The Europeans in Cambodia have suspended trading privileges that they had offered to Cambodia. Cambodia is very reliant on our GSP still. So some of these economic instruments matter in both a negative sense, but also in a positive sense. When countries do well, we should be working with them on new trade and financial arrangements, the Chinese do come in and do this in their own way. And we should get back to that as a country. Sir, you mentioned, do we withdraw support when a country backslides, on democracy? You know, I would argue that most of our support for country should not go directly to their governments, should go to independent civil society, free media, independent institutions and not just go into a central coffer that disappears. In the past, we've gotten a lot smarter about this as a country, but in the past, a lot of us development assistance disappeared because we were giving it to friendly autocracies in some cases, who did not have any means of accounting for it. So let's make sure that we invest in these democracy and governance instruments because we want to make sure that US taxpayer money is being used well. Hearing: U.S. ENGAGEMENT IN THE INDO-PACIFIC AND BEYOND, Committee on Foreign Relations, September 17, 2017 Watch on C-SPAN Read Transcript Witnesses: Julie Chung Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Western Hemisphere Affairs at the State Department Philip T. Reeker 2019 to present: Acting Assistant Secretary of State for European and Eurasian Affairs 2017-2019: Civilian Deputy to the Commander of the US European Command 2014-2017:Principal Officer and Consul General at the US Consulate General in Milan, Italy 2011-2014: Deputy Assistant Secretary of State fo rEuropean and Eurasian Affairs 2008-2011: US Ambassador to Macedonia 2007-2008: Counselor of Public Affairs at the US Embassy in Iraq 2004-2007: Deputy Chief of Mission at the US Embassy in Hungary 1999-2004: Spokesman for the US State Dept David R. Stilwell Assistant Secretary for East Asian and Pacific Affairs at the State Department Transcript: 17:44 David R. Stilwell: For years, we in the international community credited Beijing's commitments that facilitating China's entry into the rules based international order would lead to increasing domestic reform and opening. Beijing's persistent flouting of these commitments has shattered those illusions. It is now clear to us and to more and more countries around the world that PRC foreign and security policy seeks to reshape the international environment around the narrow interests and authoritarian values of a single beneficiary. That is the Chinese Communist Party. 22:19 David R. Stilwell: We sincerely appreciate congressional leadership in establishing the new counter China influence fund in fiscal year 2020 Appropriations Bill. This very important provision provides the department with a flexible mechanism that will bolster our efforts to strengthen our partners resiliency to Chinese malign influence worldwide. The initial round of CCIF funding solicitation resulted in over 400 project submissions from around the globe, with demand far outstripping the appropriate funding. 29:57 Philip T. Reeker: By using platforms like the One Belt One Road initiative, the Chinese Communist Party endeavors to create dependencies and cultivate client state relationships through the 17 Plus One initiative which involves 12 countries that are both NATO and EU members primarily in Central and Eastern Europe, China aims to achieve access and ownership over valuable transportation hubs, critical infrastructure, ports and industries. 31:09 Philip T. Reeker: Using authorities granted by legislation members of this committee introduced, as mentioned the bipartisan Build Act and the European Energy Security and Diversification Act, we've been able to begin leveraging the New Development Finance Corporation to try to catalyze key investments in strategic projects. Most notable I'd point to Secretary Pompeo. His pledge at the Munich Security Conference earlier this year of $1 billion, a commitment to the Three Seas Initiative in the Czech Republic which Secretary Pompeo visited just last month, they have transformed from a target of Chinese influence to a leader in the European awakening. 33:29 Philip T. Reeker: Although China's GDP is about eight times the size of Russia's, Russia remains the primary military threat to Europe and the strategic priority for most of our allies and partners, particularly those in Central and Eastern Europe. Russia and China are more closely aligned strategically than at any point since the 1950s. And we see growing cooperation across a range of diplomatic, military, economic and information activities. 46:15 Julie Chung: In terms of [cepheus], and investment screening, we have extensive engagements in the region. We have been sending technical delegations to countries in the region to explain how public procurement processes and transparent processes work. We have helped governments build that capacity through the America Crece initiative. We have 10 mo use now signed with countries throughout the region. And that's part of the the tool to use in addressing the corruption issues that China is bringing to the region. How do we ensure the countries have the right tools in place, the practices in place, the procurement practices and regulatory framework to the private sector companies want to come and invest in those countries and ensure they have a level playing field to be working through the America Crece initiative. 47:17 Julie Chung: DFC has been a wonderful tool and resource that we've been able to now utilize more than ever, in from the former OPEX utilities, not expanding that broader base in Latin America and the Caribbean. So DFC in our region has already invested and has pledged to invest $12 billion in just the Western Hemisphere alone, and in Central America, $3 billion. So it's already invested in Central America, in El Salvador, for instance, on an LNG project, and other projects that are forthcoming. 1:17:16 Philip T. Reeker: Three Seas Initiative was developed by countries dozen countries in the Central and Eastern European region to provide alternatives particularly in a north-south direction for trade and infrastructure, and we have stepped in to support the Three Seas not as a member, but as an interested partner. And Secretary Pompeo outlined, as I mentioned, that the development Finance Corporation is offering up to a billion dollars in matching investment funds for opportunities throughout that region. 1:35:00 Julie Chung: Taiwan and the United States are working together in Latin America. So they announced financing to provide SME loan support for Latin American Central American region through the kabe. The Central American Bank of Government Integration. So that's one example of where we're providing that funding into the region. There's also a $26 million loan that DFCS provided to provide telecom towers in Peru and Ecuador 500 telecom towers, and this addresses both our strategic interest as well as a 5G telecommunications interest that where China is trying to take over and really control that that sector. 1:50:29 Julie Chung: In terms of DFC and working on digital authoritarianism, there's no better example in the region then in Maduro's regime, the authoritarian regime of Maduro and working in close concert with China, and China's ZTE has long had a relationship with the Maduro regime and providing the carnet de patria which spies on civil society and opposition leaders and determines how who gets what food allocations within that country. And so right now, of course, we are not engaging in DFC in Venezuela. But in a democratic future. When we have a democratic transition in that country. We would love to bring DFC into it and help rebuild. Hearing: THE HEALTH, ECONOMIC, AND POLITICAL CHALLENGES FACING LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN, Committee on Foreign Affairs: Subcommittee on the Western Hemisphere, Civilian Security, and Trade, September 15, 2020 Watch on Youtube Witnesses: Monica de Bolle, PhD Professor of Latin American Studies at the School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University Senior Fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics Senior Advisor with International Capital Strategies (not listed on her hearing bio) Former professor of macroeconomics at the Pontifical Catholic Universtiy of Rio de Janeiro Managing partner of Galanto MBB Consultants, a macroeconomic consultancy firm based in Brazil Former economist at the International Monetary Fund Michael Camilleri Director of the Peter D. Bell Rule of Law Program for Inter-American Dialogue Senior Advisor at WestExec Advisors since February 2018 (not listed on his hearing bio) The firm founded by the incoming Secretary of State, Antony Blinken Former Western Hemisphere adviser on Obama's Secretary of State's Policy Planning Staff and Director for Andean Affairs at the National Security Council from 2012-2017 Former human rights specialist at the Organization of American States Former senior staff attorney at the Center for Justice and International Law Member of the Council on Foreign Relations Eric Farnsworth Vice President of the Council of the Americas since 2003 Former Managing Director of ManattJones Global Strategies, a consulting firm from 1998-2005 Former member of the global public policy division of Bristol-Meyers Squibb, a multinational pharmaceutical company Former Senior Policy Advisor to President Bill Clinton from 1995-1998 Former Foreign Affairs Officer at the State Department from 1990-1995 Former Services and Investment Industry Analyst at the Office of the US Trade Representatives in 1992 Transcript: 25:10 Rep. Francis Rooney (FL): US international development Finance Corporation will play a crucial role in investments in the region, which I believe can help the recovery and also as long term economic well being 2:08:13 Eric Farnsworth: Notably, Washington is taking actions to build a forward looking economic recovery agenda. Among them the Americas Crece, a program announced at the end of 2019 and enhanced financing facilities through the newly minted Development Finance Corporation. 2:09:21 Eric Farnsworth: Economic Recovery must be at the forefront of the pending summit of the Americas. Latin America already suffers from one of the lowest levels of intra regional trade worldwide, for example. The gains from expanded intra regional trade would establish sounder economic footing while helping to moderate the cyclical nature of commodities markets, as well. Nations across Latin America and the Caribbean can focus more attention on improving their respective investment climates. Mr. Rooney, the ranking minority member has made this case effectively many, many times. For its part, the United States should come to the 2021 summit with a robust economic expansion initiative. Absent a massive economic financial package of debt relief and new lending, renewal of a hemispheric trade and investment agenda will be the best way to promote regional recovery, support US and regional economic interests and renew a regional strategic posture that China has begun to challenge. 2:11:03 Julie Chung: So how does the United States continue to advocate democracy in Venezuela? I say sham of legislative election and the end of Guaido's mandate are rapidly approaching. How do we do that? Well, I don't if know if [inaudible] wanted this question. 2:13:03 Eric Farnsworth: There are huge amounts of illicit money being made and moved in Venezuela through illegal activities, illegal gold mining, drug trafficking and the like. And one of the best ways I think to get at the regime is to stanch the flow of those financial resources. And frankly, to identify and to freeze those funds and then also to begin to seize them and take them back at once the economic incentives for illegal behavior are removed or at least reduced, perhaps the political dynamic in Venezuela will change that people will begin to see that they really have to find a way out from this mess frankly, that Nicolas Maduro has created. 2:14:14 Monica de Bolle, PhD: It will be very hard to get other Latin American countries to focus on the issues in Venezuela given that they have runaway epidemics in their own countries. And we shouldn't lose sight of the fact that amongst the 10 countries that have the largest or the highest per capita death rate in the world right now are all in Latin America. 2:16:00 Michael Camilleri: Unfortunately, the Guaido interim government, the the National Assembly, the G4 are not in the same position they were in a year or your half ago, the balance of forces on the ground in Venezuela has tilted in favor of the Maduro regime. And so that will that will require us to calibrate our own efforts and invite view we need to be realistic about the fact that some sort of negotiated pathway to free and fair elections ultimately is the most realistic and the most peaceful, frankly, path out of the the awful situation that the country finds itself in. 2:23:21 Monica de Bolle, PhD: Apart from corruption, which is certainly a problem in the oil sector as well as in other parts of the Venezuelan economy, there's also been dramatic underinvestment in the oil industry, which has now led the country to this situation where, rather than being a very big net oil exporter, as they used to be in the 1980s in the 1990s, they've now become a net oil importer, which shows exactly how much you can squander your country's resources and just basically run an economy to the ground. 2:33:58 Eric Farnsworth: And what we're seeing is some concern in the investor community about actions that have been taken perhaps on the backtracking on the reform agenda around energy in particular, but in other sectors as well, canceling contracts that have been previously agreed, and some other actions like that and the investment community is very cautious. Hearing: PROTECTING DEMOCRACY DURING COVID–19 IN EUROPE AND EURASIA AND THE DEMOCRATIC AWAKENING IN BELARUS, Committee on Foreign Affairs: Subcommittee on Europe, Eurasia, Energy, and the Environment, September 10, 2020 Watch on Youtube Witnesses: Douglas Rutzen President and CEO of the International Center for Not-for-Profit Law Professor at Georgetown University Law Center Advisory Board member of the United Nations Democracy Fund Therese Pearce Laanela Head of Electoral Processes at the International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance Joanna Rohozinska Resident Program Director for Europe at the Beacon Project at the International Republican Institute Senior program officer for Europe at the National Endowment for Democracy at least as of 2019. She has worked there for about a decade Jamie Fly Senior Fellow at the German Marshall Fund and Co-Director of the Alliance for Security Democracy Senior Advisor to WestExec Advisors Co-founded by incoming Secretary of State, Antony Blinken Former President and CEO of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty in 2019 & 2020 Former counselor for foreign and national security affairs for Sen. Marco Rubio from 2013-2017 Former Executive Director of the Foreign Policy Initiative from 2009-2013 Former member of GWB's National Security Council from 2008-2009 Former member of GWB's Office of the Secretary of Defense from 2005-2008 Transcript: 53:30 Joanna Rohozinska: Lukshenko must be held responsible for his choices and actions. Word mating strategies with transatlantic allies should be priority and to call for dialogue, immediate release of political prisoners and support for the political opposition's demands for holding elections under international supervision and beginning negotiations on a Lukshenko transition. 53:56 Joanna Rohozinska: Support for democracy requires patience as well as long term commitment and vision. This has been made possible with the support of Congress to IRI and the family. Thank you and I look forward to your questions. 1:03:05 Therese Pearce Laanela: Institutions that are as strong...What we are seeing... those that are able to safeguard and against disinformation for example, they are working in innovative ways because this isn't a challenge that existed really as much before social media and one of the things that we're seeing is a kind of interagency cooperation, a partnership between private and public. That's really hasn't been seen before. Let me just take Australia as a case, but the working together with social media companies and government agencies and security agencies and election officials for rapid reaction to anything that comes in and that kind of seamless communication between agencies, that is one of the ways in which we can protect. 1:04:15 Jamie Fly: We have tools. Radio Free Europe, Radio Liberty has a Bella Russian language service Radio Svoboda which has significant of followers inside Belarus. The problem is that Lukashenko like many other authoritarians have realized that when they face significant pressure, they should take the country offline. And Belarusian authorities have done that on a regular basis, which makes it much more difficult to communicate and allow information to spread freely. So what they really need outlets like Svoboda and other independent media are access to internet circumvention tools, which are also funded by the State Department and the US Agency for Global Media. 1:09:57 Douglas Rutzen: China is providing surveillance technology to countries including Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, and Serbia. They also provided a $2 billion dollar loan to Hungry to construct a railway which Hungry then classified as a state secret in terms of the construction. 1:19:28 Brian Fitzpatrick: In 2013, in 2000, and he saw large scale protests in Ukraine, following what many believed to be a falsification of elections by their federal officials. So my first question for the entire panel, do you believe that Belarus protests could lead to a revolution similar to the one we saw in Ukraine and secondarily, on Tuesday, President Lukashenko, refused to rule out the idea of holding new elections, and acknowledge that he may have overstayed his time at office, whether or not you see revolutions similar to Ukraine, do you think that these protests could lead to an actual change in leadership? Joanna Rohozinska: So I take it as a question to me. I mean, I think that things have been building up and I would say that with this similarity to Ukraine was that there was also a deep seated frustration with corruption. Here, it's less about corruption. But it's still meets, where you have the accountability and transparency aspect of it that I was mentioning in my testimony. And I think that the frustration with the lack of responsive government and being treated like animals, frankly, is what they say, is what finally boiled over, but there's been, there's been an uptick in protests in Belarus, if you watch these kinds of things over the past two years, over the parasite tax, for example, which was also was a special tax that was put on unemployment, and on to penalize people who are unemployed, is trying to target civic activists, but it ended up reaching far farther than that. So you can see things percolating below the surface for quite a long time. Now. You never know when it's going to blow. Here, I think that there was just the COVID, underlay everything and it mobilized such a broad swath of society, that the trigger event was finally the elections, which again, demonstrating a degree of hubris they decided not to put off right, they figured that holding the elections at the beginning of August was the best thing to do, because there is always a low torque turnout and all this, frankly, because people tend to go out to the countryside. So they simply miscalculated. They did not understand how the people were feeling

Podcast Notes Key Takeaways The Gift of Fear and Other Survival Signals that Protect Us from Violenceby Gavin de Becker“This is a pretty transformative book in terms of learning how to trust your gut and not dismiss red flags or write them off.” – Whitney CummingsTwo similar books to The Gift of Fear that Whitney recommends as additional reading:Codependent No More: How to Stop Controlling Others and Start Caring for Yourself by Melody BeattieAdult Children of Alcoholicspublished by ACA WSO INC.Getting the Love You Want: A Guide for Couplesby Harville Hendrix, PhD, and Helen LaKelly Hunt, PhD“It is such an incredible book” – Whitney CummingsThe authors share lessons about: The role hormones play in love and relationships How the body can make us believe we’re in love with someone even though we only recently met them How to empathize with your partner’s point of viewRead the full notes @ podcastnotes.orgBooks I've Loved — Whitney Cummings | Brought to you by Audible.Welcome to another episode of The Tim Ferriss Show, where it is my job to sit down with world-class performers of all different types—from startup founders and investors to chess champions to Olympic athletes. This episode, however, is an experiment and part of a shorter series I’m doing called “Books I’ve Loved.” I’ve invited some amazing past guests, close friends, and new faces to share their favorite books—the books that have influenced them, changed them, and transformed them for the better. I hope you pick up one or two new mentors—in the form of books—from this new series and apply the lessons in your own life.Whitney Cummings (@whitneycummings) is a Los Angeles-based comedian, actor, writer, and producer. She has appeared in multiple television shows and films, and has performed in stand-up specials for both HBO and Comedy Central, one of which was nominated for an American Comedy Award. You can subscribe to her podcast, Good For You, on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube, or wherever you get your podcasts. Whitney is also the author of I'm Fine...And Other Lies, and her most recent comedy special, Can I Touch It?, is now available for streaming on Netflix. For more Whitney, check out our conversation from 2015. “Books I’ve Loved” on The Tim Ferriss Show is brought to you by Audible! I have used Audible for many years now. I love it. Audible has the largest selection of audiobooks on the planet. I listen when I’m taking walks, I listen while I’m cooking… I listen whenever I can. Audible is offering Tim Ferriss Show listeners a free audiobook with a 30-day trial membership. Just go to Audible.com/tim and browse the unmatched selection of audio programs. Then, download your free title and start listening! It’s that easy. Simply go to Audible.com/tim or text TIM to 500500 to get started today.***If you enjoy the podcast, would you please consider leaving a short review on Apple Podcasts/iTunes? It takes less than 60 seconds, and it really makes a difference in helping to convince hard-to-get guests.For show notes and past guests, please visit tim.blog/podcast.Sign up for Tim’s email newsletter (“5-Bullet Friday”) at tim.blog/friday.For transcripts of episodes, go to tim.blog/transcripts.Interested in sponsoring the podcast? Please fill out the form at tim.blog/sponsor.Discover Tim’s books: tim.blog/books.Follow Tim:Twitter: twitter.com/tferriss Instagram: instagram.com/timferrissFacebook: facebook.com/timferriss YouTube: youtube.com/timferriss

What do OCD, anxiety disorders, and mental health have in common? Our guest this week helps walk us through how living with OCD can affect the way we participate in daily activities, how we view our relationships, and what steps we need to take in order to improve our way of life. In this week’s episode, we are talking with Dr. Elizabeth McIngvale, PhD, the director of the McLean OCD Institute at Houston, where she maintains an active clinical, research, and leadership role. With her focus on OCD, anxiety disorders, mental health stigma and access to mental health care, Dr. Elizabeth McIngvale is dedicated to giving a voice to the voiceless and is grateful for a career which allows her to improve the lives of those living with a mental illness every day. We discuss how we can continue to grow despite anxiety disorders and what we can learn about our mental health. Join us this week as we normalize the stigma around OCD, understand how to work with our OCD tendencies, and how to find meaning and purpose in our personal journey to better serve those around us. Topics Discussed Why pills don’t help with long term response treatment The underlying anxieties on a deeper core level Normalizing the stigma around OCD The benefits with exposure therapy with response prevention How OCD affects the relationships around us The difference between a lapse and a relapse How to care for loved ones with OCD Turning pain into purpose as a tool to help others Connect with Elizabeth McIngvale, PhD online Peace of Mind Foundation, Inc https://peaceofmind.com OCD Challenge https://www.ocdchallenge.com LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/elizabethmcingvale/ Additional Resources International OCD Foundation https://iocdf.org McLean OCD Institute Houston https://www.linkedin.com/company/mcleanocdhouston/ Connect with Positive Recovery MD Podcast Website: https://www.positiverecoverymd.com Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/577870242872032 YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC4JcDF1gjlYch4V4iBbCgZg Connect with Positive Recovery Centers online Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/positiverecoverycenters/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PositiveRecoveryCenters/ LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/positiverecoverycenters/ Contact Positive Recovery Centers If you or someone you know needs help, visit the website or call the number below to schedule a free assessment. We are here to help. Call: 877-476-2743 Website: https://positiverecovery.com Services: https://positiverecovery.com/services/ FAQ: https://positiverecovery.com/faq/ --- About Positive Recovery MD Podcast The Positive Recovery MD podcast is hosted by Dr. Jason Powers, Addiction Medicine Specialist and creator of Positive Recovery. This podcast will not only inspire and motivate its listeners, it will provide the tools and foundation needed to thrive and flourish on their addiction recovery journey. Each week the Positive Recovery MD podcast community will come together to have authentic conversations around addiction, recovery and what matters – growth & progress, not perfection, all while developing positive habits for your life. To join the community, visit https://www.positiverecoverymd.com to sign up to receive the daily Positive Intervention that we’ll review, as well as gain access to EXCLUSIVE Positive Recovery content available only to Positive Recovery MD listeners.  About Positive Recovery CentersPositive Recovery Centers is a strengths-based addiction treatment program with locations across Texas. We offer a full continuum of care, from medical detox to sober living all supported by an ever-growing alumni community network. Our evidence-based curriculum blends the best of the old with the new, all supporting our mission: that Recovery is best pursued when meaningful, intentional positive habits are formed through empowerment and resilience instead of negativity and shame.  What is Positive Recovery? Empathy and compassion drive our mission. Positive Recovery uses strengths as a pathway to help others flourish in recovery, at work, and at home. This is our core purpose, our “why.” We creatively apply science in order to improve outcomes. Positive Recovery is not wishful thinking, it is not a magic pill, and it is not self-help. Positive Recovery is an evidence-based addiction curriculum that links the best of the old with the new, integrating existing effective approaches to treatment with interventions that enhance well-being by cultivating its components: positive emotions, engagement, relationships, meaning, and achievement. Quotes: Dr. Jason Powers, MD “There’s no skill in a pill. Pills can work but at best, they are an adjunct” “If I could bottle time, then I wouldn’t have much work to do. With the right therapy, it takes time, it takes baby steps.” “There is this urge to try to control things. Uncertainty of life is one of the driving forces.” Julie DeNofa “OCD seems to manifest around areas that are closest or most important to you.” “Helping someone every day is something that I feel fortunate to be able to do whether it’s on the employee side or on the client side.” Dr. Elizabeth McIngvale, PhD “It’s not about who you are or what degrees that you have behind your name. It’s about who you help.” “Anytime we think about what we’re in treatment for when it’s anxiety based, there is usually an underlying core fear or concern.” “Exposure therapy shouldn’t be dangerous or risky. Exposure therapy shouldn’t be putting people in harm's way. It should be things anyone would be willing to do.” “OCD is not an adjective. OCD is not helpful and doesn’t help you be more organized or more clean. It’s destructive and disabling.” “Everybody has weird or bizarre interests of thought. The difference though, is how we respond to them.”

Welcome to the Beyond Your Research Degree podcast from the University of Exeter Doctoral College! The podcast about non-academic careers and all the opportunities available to you... beyond your research degree! In this episode Kelly Preece, Researcher Development Manager talks to Dr. David Musgrove, Publisher at Immediate Media Co.   Music from https://filmmusic.io 'Cheery Monday' by Kevin MacLeod (https://incompetech.com) License: CC BY (https://creativecommons.org/licenses   Podcast transcript   1 00:00:10,000 --> 00:00:15,000 Hello and welcome to the Beyond Your Research Degree podcast by the University of Exeter doctoral college 2 00:00:15,000 --> 00:00:22,000 I'm Kelly Preece, researcher development manager in the doctoral college at the University of Exeter. 3 00:00:22,000 --> 00:00:25,000 And I'll be your host today. Hello. 4 00:00:25,000 --> 00:00:32,000 Hi. Hi. OK. So my name is Dave Musgrove and I studied here at Exeter. 5 00:00:32,000 --> 00:00:41,000 I did my B.A. here in archaeology and I went on to do a PhD in the archaeology department. 6 00:00:41,000 --> 00:00:49,000 There was a year in between times when I went out and worked for a few companies doing various temping jobs. 7 00:00:49,000 --> 00:00:57,000 But I came back. I was very, very grateful to be asked back and be given a funded opportunity to do a PhD 8 00:00:57,000 --> 00:01:06,000 All about the mediaeval landscape archaeology of the Peet Moors of the Somerset Levels a title I remember well from doing it. 9 00:01:06,000 --> 00:01:13,000 And I did my PhD in three years and then I left and did not carry on into academia. 10 00:01:13,000 --> 00:01:27,000 So the my career since then has been I've been essentially working in the media, specifically in magazine publishing, 11 00:01:27,000 --> 00:01:36,000 but also latterly in online publishing because of the realities of the print magazine publishing world. 12 00:01:36,000 --> 00:01:42,000 And the fact that online is is clearly an important place in which publishing happens. 13 00:01:42,000 --> 00:01:47,000 So how did I get into that role? 14 00:01:47,000 --> 00:01:58,000 Well. So whilst I was doing my PhD It became fairly clear to me that I probably wasn't going to become an academic. 15 00:01:58,000 --> 00:02:06,000 So I think it was really in the second year of my PhD, actually, that I thought I ought to be thinking about what else I could be doing. 16 00:02:06,000 --> 00:02:12,000 So I chatted to my supervisor and said that I was thinking I was quite interested in publishing. 17 00:02:12,000 --> 00:02:21,000 I've been doing some work for her, editing some of her manuscripts and doing some page, lay out some of her books. 18 00:02:21,000 --> 00:02:28,000 So I'd been developing some skills. There getting a bit of cash and that had sparked a bit of interest to me. 19 00:02:28,000 --> 00:02:37,000 So she suggested I go along to the University Press here at Exeter and see if they had any volunteering work experience opportunities, 20 00:02:37,000 --> 00:02:44,000 which I duly did. And and I enjoyed that and must have be reasonably proficient because they offered me some part time work. 21 00:02:44,000 --> 00:02:50,000 They're just doing general admin and a little bit of light editing. 22 00:02:50,000 --> 00:02:56,000 So I did that for the latter part of my PhD 23 00:02:56,000 --> 00:03:01,000 And I met somebody there who had some contacts in the magazine publishing world. 24 00:03:01,000 --> 00:03:09,000 So when I finished my Ph.D., she very kindly put me in touch with some people at a company called Future Publishing, 25 00:03:09,000 --> 00:03:17,000 which is based in Bath, which produces lots of, still going, produces, lots of computer magazines and other things. 26 00:03:17,000 --> 00:03:27,000 And I had also, whilst I was in my PhD, I had taken an interest in the Internet, which at the time I was doing my PhD. 27 00:03:27,000 --> 00:03:34,000 That was a few years ago the Internet was only really starting off and I learnt how 28 00:03:34,000 --> 00:03:42,000 to do HTML coding and I was able to get a job on a magazine about the Internet. 29 00:03:42,000 --> 00:03:52,000 Well, I applied for it. And with the contacts that I had been given by this person at the University press, I had a little bit of a step in. 30 00:03:52,000 --> 00:04:01,000 And so I got a job while working for as a very base layer level on this magazine for a couple of years. 31 00:04:01,000 --> 00:04:14,000 I was very lucky to get on a training programme there for magazine journalism, and that got me into into the world of of magazines. 32 00:04:14,000 --> 00:04:21,000 I worked on various other computer and Internet magazines at Future Publishing for a few years and then 33 00:04:21,000 --> 00:04:28,000 heard about a History magazine launching at a rival company in Bristol called Origin Publishing. 34 00:04:28,000 --> 00:04:36,000 So I applied for a job there. Got it. And obviously played off my doctoral skills to get that. 35 00:04:36,000 --> 00:04:44,000 And I've been with that company ever since. It's been through various guises and was bought by the BBC. 36 00:04:44,000 --> 00:04:53,000 And I ended up working on BBC History magazine, which is a very popular History magazine, the most popular History magazine in the UK. 37 00:04:53,000 --> 00:04:56,000 And I've essentially been working on that for the last few years, 38 00:04:56,000 --> 00:05:05,000 as in various roles as the editor for about a decade and then subsequently as the publisher and content director. 39 00:05:05,000 --> 00:05:10,000 So I'm now in a managerial capacity, but still within a media company. 40 00:05:10,000 --> 00:05:15,000 So that's the story. Fantastic thank you so 41 00:05:15,000 --> 00:05:24,000 You say things that spring to mind and about the importance of some of that. 42 00:05:24,000 --> 00:05:33,000 Experiences you picked up alongside the PhD. So you talked about having had a year gap before and doing various like temping jobs. 43 00:05:33,000 --> 00:05:40,000 Were any of those things related to your subject area or to publishing or were they kind of just General? Nope 44 00:05:40,000 --> 00:05:46,000 They were a variety of jobs, working in a postroom, working. 45 00:05:46,000 --> 00:05:56,000 I ended up working for a market research company, and I think we'd probably be described as a graduate level job, as a market research executive. 46 00:05:56,000 --> 00:06:01,000 Which to be honest I didn't particularly enjoy. 47 00:06:01,000 --> 00:06:07,000 And that was what led me to think, well, maybe I'll have another crack at academia for a bit. 48 00:06:07,000 --> 00:06:13,000 I think all those all those positions, you know, you can pull out some skills from them, 49 00:06:13,000 --> 00:06:18,000 some experience which is helpful in getting the first real job that you want to do. 50 00:06:18,000 --> 00:06:30,000 And definitely, I think for anyone who's looking to enter the job market, you know, you know, in a professional capacity, 51 00:06:30,000 --> 00:06:39,000 you need to draw on any any possible skills you can think of from from Part-Time work or temporary work that you've done and just, 52 00:06:39,000 --> 00:06:44,000 you know, make sure that you can you can flag up one thing that you learnt from that. 53 00:06:44,000 --> 00:06:50,000 So when I worked in a postroom for instance sure, I would have said that it helped me develop my people skills because I was dealing 54 00:06:50,000 --> 00:06:56,000 with a lot of a lot of um trubulent individuals who wanted their post 55 00:06:56,000 --> 00:07:00,000 I don't remember exactly what I said. But, you know, there were you can always find something. 56 00:07:00,000 --> 00:07:09,000 Some even from the most uninspiring sort of job. You can always find something that she can allude to in an interview or in a CV. 57 00:07:09,000 --> 00:07:16,000 So when you were applying for those that the first role and at the at Future publishing in Bath 58 00:07:16,000 --> 00:07:24,000 you talked about kind of drawing in quite a wide range of interests. And obviously you're relying quite heavily on your writing and editing skills. 59 00:07:24,000 --> 00:07:36,000 And what else did you draw on in applying and by doing the role in particular in regards to having done a PhD, having done a research degree? 60 00:07:36,000 --> 00:07:44,000 Well, I think one of the one of the things that I particularly draw on for that first role was the was the fact that it wasn't specifically related to 61 00:07:44,000 --> 00:07:52,000 my PhD but that I done during my studies, which was learning to code websites, 62 00:07:52,000 --> 00:07:59,000 which only had the opportunity to do because I had some time in my you know, in my in my research calendar. 63 00:07:59,000 --> 00:08:02,000 And there were some facilities here to enable me to do that. 64 00:08:02,000 --> 00:08:15,000 So I was clearly able to draw on that, to give me this sort of specialism that they were interested in for that particular magazine. 65 00:08:15,000 --> 00:08:20,000 In general, I'm sure I would have said, and I would have meant it, 66 00:08:20,000 --> 00:08:34,000 that my my doctoral studies had given me an overarching sense of responsibility in the 67 00:08:34,000 --> 00:08:40,000 understanding of the importance of personal responsibility in all aspects of work. 68 00:08:40,000 --> 00:08:46,000 And I would have played quite heavily on the fact that I've shown that I have the 69 00:08:46,000 --> 00:08:52,000 ability to do a project and carry it through to completion on my own volition. 70 00:08:52,000 --> 00:09:00,000 And I think that's me. That's one of the really big things you can say from from from doctoral research is to say, 71 00:09:00,000 --> 00:09:05,000 you know, you clearly have the capacity for independent work. 72 00:09:05,000 --> 00:09:10,000 What you need to then do is to demonstrate that you also have the capacity and the flexibility 73 00:09:10,000 --> 00:09:16,000 to work in a team environment where you're not working solely to your own agenda. 74 00:09:16,000 --> 00:09:25,000 And that's probably one of the things I think maybe is a more difficult aspect for people coming from transitioning out of academia into the business 75 00:09:25,000 --> 00:09:31,000 world or or even into into the public sector is to demonstrate that you have 76 00:09:31,000 --> 00:09:36,000 the facility to work in an office environment rather than just on your own. 77 00:09:36,000 --> 00:09:38,000 And there are numerous ways to do that. 78 00:09:38,000 --> 00:09:46,000 You can allude back to your employment experience if you've worked in a, you know, had a temporary job in an office or in a pub or both, which I did. 79 00:09:46,000 --> 00:09:51,000 Then you can demonstrate that. But I think that's quite important. 80 00:09:51,000 --> 00:09:57,000 I think that's a start is a potential stumbling block for people who who see you may be actually on to see. 81 00:09:57,000 --> 00:10:01,000 They think, well, that's great. Can they can they work in an office? 82 00:10:01,000 --> 00:10:08,000 Yeah. And I do think and we know from research that's quite prevalent perception of but from employers, 83 00:10:08,000 --> 00:10:16,000 of people coming from academia or having done the PhD, it's the idea that that quite solitary and detail oriented, 84 00:10:16,000 --> 00:10:24,000 very focussed on themselves and their own work and perhaps lack those kind of team working and interpersonal skills and increasingly with the kind of. 85 00:10:24,000 --> 00:10:33,000 Environments that we have in the university and from shared office space to some of the leadership roles are available to our students. 86 00:10:33,000 --> 00:10:40,000 Like being a PGR representative or various different things. Actually, there's, you know, even just organising a conference with a group of people. 87 00:10:40,000 --> 00:10:44,000 There's some real opportunities to pick up on and draw in those skills. 88 00:10:44,000 --> 00:10:54,000 Yeah, I'd say that's super important. I don't think for one moment think that doctoral candidates or PhD students are lonesome. 89 00:10:54,000 --> 00:11:01,000 Weirdos No, I wasn't. Maybe I was, you know, but I think that is that soon. 90 00:11:01,000 --> 00:11:07,000 I think you're right. That is a perception from employers that that's something that some perhaps goes with the territory. 91 00:11:07,000 --> 00:11:14,000 And I think there are, as you say, there are lots of ways that you can demonstrate that you're not that you have team working skills. 92 00:11:14,000 --> 00:11:17,000 You just need to make sure that you've thought about that and you've got some answers, 93 00:11:17,000 --> 00:11:22,000 but not down pat that that's that's going to alleviate that concern. 94 00:11:22,000 --> 00:11:30,000 Do you think they for somebody that's been through that process for also thinking, you know, where you are now as an employer and as a manager? 95 00:11:30,000 --> 00:11:34,000 Are there other areas that you would see that you think a particular kind of stumbling 96 00:11:34,000 --> 00:11:39,000 blocks are people who are looking to move from doing PhD to beyond academia? 97 00:11:39,000 --> 00:11:50,000 I suppose there's always the sense that is, it is the person who's kind of who's coming to you. 98 00:11:50,000 --> 00:11:56,000 Are they actually interested in the role you're doing or are they simply because they haven't been able to get an academic job? 99 00:11:56,000 --> 00:12:05,000 And I think that is quite a thing that would be a concern for some employers to think, well, you know this person. 100 00:12:05,000 --> 00:12:09,000 They've gone down. They've gone this far down a route of research. 101 00:12:09,000 --> 00:12:16,000 Why aren't they weren't they carry on? Weren't they doing what one assumes they wanted to do? 102 00:12:16,000 --> 00:12:20,000 So I think that's key. Again, is easy to counter that. 103 00:12:20,000 --> 00:12:25,000 You just need to think about it. You just need to be clear about what you're doing and you need to express. 104 00:12:25,000 --> 00:12:27,000 Well, this is this goes for any job. 105 00:12:27,000 --> 00:12:32,000 You need to have a very good reason why you want the job and you need to be keen and enthusiastic and have a good answer. 106 00:12:32,000 --> 00:12:39,000 I mean, if you're in in an interview situation and you're not asked why you want the job, then that's a bit odd. 107 00:12:39,000 --> 00:12:44,000 I've never been in an interview, not been asked. So you have to expect it and you have to have a good answer. 108 00:12:44,000 --> 00:12:50,000 And and you have to be able to demonstrate that you really want that job. 109 00:12:50,000 --> 00:12:55,000 And perhaps it builds on what you did in your in your doctoral studies. 110 00:12:55,000 --> 00:13:01,000 Perhaps it's perhaps it's some in some way linked to or if it's completely ensconsed then that's fine. 111 00:13:01,000 --> 00:13:06,000 But you just need to demonstrate that you are fully committed to that. 112 00:13:06,000 --> 00:13:13,000 And the reason why you are no longer carrying on academia is whatever it is. 113 00:13:13,000 --> 00:13:19,000 And just make sure you've got that nailed down, say, just picking up on it. 114 00:13:19,000 --> 00:13:26,000 What was it like for you to do those three really intensive years on that one project 115 00:13:26,000 --> 00:13:33,000 and then to leave that project for also research and for a certain amount of time, 116 00:13:33,000 --> 00:13:38,000 history and archaeology behind me on something completely different? Did you find that difficult? 117 00:13:38,000 --> 00:13:42,000 Did you find it quite exciting? 118 00:13:42,000 --> 00:13:56,000 So I was I was very pleased to put away my books about mediaeval Peet Moors and my struggles with the paleo graphy of mediaeval Latin. 119 00:13:56,000 --> 00:14:00,000 Glastonbury Abbey rolls briefly. 120 00:14:00,000 --> 00:14:12,000 I was pleased. And then I was yeah, I was I was pretty gutted that I hadn't hadn't carried on with it. 121 00:14:12,000 --> 00:14:20,000 But with the wave, a realisation of a practical realised realisation that I wasn't gonna be a great academic. 122 00:14:20,000 --> 00:14:24,000 I think I sort of clocked that that, you know, in seminars. 123 00:14:24,000 --> 00:14:30,000 I wasn't the person coming up with the, you know, the really insightful grasp of the topics and stuff. 124 00:14:30,000 --> 00:14:37,000 So I was aware that I was never gonna become a great professor. 125 00:14:37,000 --> 00:14:44,000 But, yeah, I was it was I was sad that I wasn't or wasn't involved in that environment anymore. 126 00:14:44,000 --> 00:14:48,000 But on the flip side, it was a really, really interesting role. 127 00:14:48,000 --> 00:14:51,000 I was really fascinated in what I was doing. I was learning a lot of skills. 128 00:14:51,000 --> 00:15:01,000 I was under a completely different sort of pressure. I mean, I've been under a long, grinding pressure to get to the end of the of the PhD 129 00:15:01,000 --> 00:15:05,000 And then I was immediately shipped and it was pretty much immediate I didn't take a break. 130 00:15:05,000 --> 00:15:16,000 And I was skint pretty pretty much straight into into this job, which which was brilliant because I needed work and money and a new new focus. 131 00:15:16,000 --> 00:15:20,000 I think if I hadn't had that, then that might have been worse. 132 00:15:20,000 --> 00:15:24,000 If I'd just been sat around thinking, oh God, I've done this. PhD 133 00:15:24,000 --> 00:15:39,000 Now, I've got nothing. I was I was quite a long way behind my peers in terms of salary and position, which was a bit difficult. 134 00:15:39,000 --> 00:15:43,000 But some, you know, things tend to equalise out. 135 00:15:43,000 --> 00:15:48,000 So I wouldn't I wouldn't worry about that too much. But it was yeah. 136 00:15:48,000 --> 00:15:53,000 In terms of deadlines, it was like so I'd come from this long, long deadline into having a deadline every day, 137 00:15:53,000 --> 00:16:04,000 week, month, and it was unique sort of pressure really exciting. Working with a bunch of people who were really nice and who were all one of the great 138 00:16:04,000 --> 00:16:07,000 things was they were just all really interested in the fact that I done a PhF and, 139 00:16:07,000 --> 00:16:12,000 you know, I was politely mocked for being a doctor in the house. 140 00:16:12,000 --> 00:16:16,000 And I think you'd kind of you do have to accept laughs or traded on that over the years. 141 00:16:16,000 --> 00:16:22,000 You know, that the doctors here I. Now how I'm using. 142 00:16:22,000 --> 00:16:29,000 So but, you know, it was it was it was actually a really interesting experience. 143 00:16:29,000 --> 00:16:38,000 And, yeah, it was fun. So you mentioned about kind of entering in and being behind your peers in terms of salary, but that equalising out over time. 144 00:16:38,000 --> 00:16:45,000 Is that because you found that you progressed quicker even though you went in at a lower level? 145 00:16:45,000 --> 00:16:51,000 I mean, I don't actually know. I feel quite comfortable in one day and. 146 00:16:51,000 --> 00:16:58,000 Yeah, and and what I'm learning now, and that's that's fine, because I think I did progressed pretty quickly. 147 00:16:58,000 --> 00:17:03,000 I think I was pretty I was keen. I was enthusiastic and I wanted to get on with stuff. 148 00:17:03,000 --> 00:17:10,000 And there was probably people who didn't quite have that sense of urgency. 149 00:17:10,000 --> 00:17:17,000 And so that was so that was actually I was released what was good. And I pushed myself forward, you know, and I pushed for promotions. 150 00:17:17,000 --> 00:17:24,000 I insisted on promotions. I said, I'm doing this on, I'm really good and you need to give me a promotion. 151 00:17:24,000 --> 00:17:28,000 And yeah. And I got something. 152 00:17:28,000 --> 00:17:40,000 And then I guess when I blundered back into a role that was closer to my research studies, though actually still some distance. 153 00:17:40,000 --> 00:17:46,000 Yeah. And then I was able to play back off that. 154 00:17:46,000 --> 00:17:53,000 But now that academic background. Did that give me more of a platform for Payrise? 155 00:17:53,000 --> 00:17:58,000 I, I don't know. But I think it is certainly helped me in my career. 156 00:17:58,000 --> 00:18:08,000 And I've I've I've I've used the fact that I've done the research to to make a lot of contacts and to push myself forward. 157 00:18:08,000 --> 00:18:12,000 And so so I see I see practical benefits there. 158 00:18:12,000 --> 00:18:23,000 But I'm reasonably unique space in terms of of my career path going from academia and then finding something that's a little bit similar to it. 159 00:18:23,000 --> 00:18:29,000 But but actually still quite different. Yes. Say, you mentioned a couple of things partly. 160 00:18:29,000 --> 00:18:33,000 And I wanted to pick up on you mentioned about making contacts, 161 00:18:33,000 --> 00:18:42,000 and various different things that obviously that was really fundamental for you in getting that first that first role. 162 00:18:42,000 --> 00:18:47,000 What would you experience like of going through that interview process? 163 00:18:47,000 --> 00:18:55,000 And like throughout your career, how how fundamental have you found that kind of sense of contacts and networks to be in terms 164 00:18:55,000 --> 00:19:02,000 of moving forward or moving sideways or just essentially changing roles or changing path? 165 00:19:02,000 --> 00:19:10,000 I mean, you know, you would like the world to not be somewhere where you get by, by who you know. 166 00:19:10,000 --> 00:19:18,000 But reality is that is helpful to have people who can put in a good word if you say this person's good or work. 167 00:19:18,000 --> 00:19:22,000 And and that certainly helps. Yeah. 168 00:19:22,000 --> 00:19:27,000 I'm very grateful to that first colleague who I mean, they didn't didn't get me the job. 169 00:19:27,000 --> 00:19:32,000 They just they just, um, they just put me in touch with somebody and, um, put my name in the frame. 170 00:19:32,000 --> 00:19:41,000 And that was that was that was that was much appreciated. And also I just, you know, maybe I wouldn't have applied for that role if I hadn't been. 171 00:19:41,000 --> 00:19:47,000 So if it hadn't been mentioned to me, that  there was the role going at the interview. 172 00:19:47,000 --> 00:19:51,000 I mean, I think I think I've, in all interviews, 173 00:19:51,000 --> 00:19:57,000 always found the fact that I have PhD to be useful just in the sense that it does give you a conversation piece. 174 00:19:57,000 --> 00:20:04,000 And they say, you know, I see you've done a PhD and you say, yeah, I was on the mediaeval exploitations of Peet Moors in the Somerset levels. 175 00:20:04,000 --> 00:20:11,000 That sounds very boring, doesn't it? And and and and then but you can then say, well, I can say sorry. 176 00:20:11,000 --> 00:20:18,000 Mildly interesting about. Oh. But it just gives you it makes you sound Slightly more interesting than other people. 177 00:20:18,000 --> 00:20:24,000 And I think that is useful in a in an interview environment. You do need to sound interesting. 178 00:20:24,000 --> 00:20:32,000 And that gives you that gives you a little bit more ammunition. So if you have traded on that in every interview environment. 179 00:20:32,000 --> 00:20:38,000 I mean it. I don't recall doing much of interview practise when I was studying. 180 00:20:38,000 --> 00:20:50,000 So I think my kind of imagine my initial interview was a great success, but it was it was enough to get me the job. 181 00:20:50,000 --> 00:20:58,000 Maybe I should have done more interview practise. And I'm not sure I'm not sure how far that's the thing for positions these days to do. 182 00:20:58,000 --> 00:21:05,000 But I think that should be useful to make sure that you are doing a bit of that and have an idea about what might well might come your way. 183 00:21:05,000 --> 00:21:09,000 Yeah, there's quite a lot of support that if any institution through my team, 184 00:21:09,000 --> 00:21:13,000 but also through the career service about things like preparing for interviews, 185 00:21:13,000 --> 00:21:21,000 particularly if you get how much experience, job interviews or you have any particular anxieties around them, what they might be like. 186 00:21:21,000 --> 00:21:26,000 And we actually have them. We have this piece of software called Interview Stream where you can set up your own questions 187 00:21:26,000 --> 00:21:31,000 and kind of record yourself and do practise and get feedback on all sorts of things. 188 00:21:31,000 --> 00:21:36,000 It is really interesting to be very disconcerting for me to watch myself, but it does help people. 189 00:21:36,000 --> 00:21:41,000 Would definitely, definitely think those sorts of things. Everyone should take advantage of those. 190 00:21:41,000 --> 00:21:46,000 Even if you you're brilliant interviewere then I still think you should have a go and just 191 00:21:46,000 --> 00:21:50,000 I would just point out that fact that you have something interesting to say. 192 00:21:50,000 --> 00:21:54,000 So do make sure you and it will make you feel more at ease if you could. 193 00:21:54,000 --> 00:22:01,000 You know, if you have half a minute to say something that you are a real expert, take pleasure on don't take an hour, obviously. 194 00:22:01,000 --> 00:22:02,000 But just say something that sounds interesting. 195 00:22:02,000 --> 00:22:10,000 And it is if you to make the whoever is interviewing you think, oh, that's somebody whom I might learn something from, who I might enjoy being, 196 00:22:10,000 --> 00:22:19,000 you know, who isn't a strange weirdo who who actually has something interesting say and I guess is something really stand out about that, 197 00:22:19,000 --> 00:22:25,000 because it's sort only it's a slightly more unusual thing to be to have people coming in 198 00:22:25,000 --> 00:22:32,000 who do have a PhD or who have that level of expertise in something very specific. 199 00:22:32,000 --> 00:22:38,000 You know, you talked about that role and going on a training programme. 200 00:22:38,000 --> 00:22:43,000 So can you tell me a bit about what that was on and how that came about? 201 00:22:43,000 --> 00:22:50,000 But also what I think what it was like to go back to learning that sense once you've started a professional job. 202 00:22:50,000 --> 00:23:00,000 I mean, that was it was brilliant. It was basically a run a year long training programme for trainee journalists, essentially. 203 00:23:00,000 --> 00:23:06,000 And every week there was a half a day out for a few, 204 00:23:06,000 --> 00:23:16,000 a group of ten of us to go and be taught stuff by professional journalists and editors, which was actually fantastic. 205 00:23:16,000 --> 00:23:19,000 And I embraced it and and and loved it. 206 00:23:19,000 --> 00:23:23,000 And it was it was very different because of that. 207 00:23:23,000 --> 00:23:26,000 We have direct learning. It wasn't you know, I wasn't researching. 208 00:23:26,000 --> 00:23:35,000 I was being told stuff and being given tasks and, you know, being being told to told what to do and then trying to get ahead. 209 00:23:35,000 --> 00:23:42,000 So I suppose. That you might you might think you're better than that. 210 00:23:42,000 --> 00:23:51,000 If you've got to go to PhD, why? Well, I've already done all this training. But, you know, humility is a good thing in general. 211 00:23:51,000 --> 00:23:56,000 And in life. And I was. No, I didn't think that I thought was fascinating. 212 00:23:56,000 --> 00:24:03,000 And I realised I really needed to understand things. And I really needed to learn how to do the job if I wanted to progress 213 00:24:03,000 --> 00:24:12,000 I was very grateful for it. And it was it was excellent, I think, you know, government's phrase of lifelong learning or whatever. 214 00:24:12,000 --> 00:24:17,000 But it's true. You need to you do need to constantly be trying to progress and learn things. 215 00:24:17,000 --> 00:24:21,000 And if you're not doing that something, you you'll get bored anyway. 216 00:24:21,000 --> 00:24:27,000 But but you do need to do that for your career progression, whatever. 217 00:24:27,000 --> 00:24:33,000 So you talked about doing some editing for your supervisor, you know, for a fact they were working. 218 00:24:33,000 --> 00:24:36,000 And so you and you worked for the university press. 219 00:24:36,000 --> 00:24:42,000 You obviously have some kind of experience with publishing, albeit quite different kind of publishing. 220 00:24:42,000 --> 00:24:52,000 And when you you're doing that training course, how different did you find the approach to things like writing and editing and perhaps researching an 221 00:24:52,000 --> 00:24:58,000 article or a story where you might have used those fundamental skills when you were doing your PhD? 222 00:24:58,000 --> 00:25:01,000 But how different did you find the use of them in that context? 223 00:25:01,000 --> 00:25:05,000 Or did you find you kind of needed to relearn how to do those things in a different way? 224 00:25:05,000 --> 00:25:19,000 Yeah, probably because, well, the stuff those doing for my supervisor was to her standards, to her to to her convention. 225 00:25:19,000 --> 00:25:26,000 So that was fine. I was just doing on what I was told and and it was very useful, interesting learning experience. 226 00:25:26,000 --> 00:25:30,000 And then everyone has different conventions and and brings. 227 00:25:30,000 --> 00:25:40,000 But I think specifically in terms of the question of research and and using your research skills, what you need to do is, 228 00:25:40,000 --> 00:25:45,000 you know, work environment is you need to be able to stop once you've done it, once you've found something found out. 229 00:25:45,000 --> 00:25:50,000 I once thought we'd done something that's that's that's enough in a day. 230 00:25:50,000 --> 00:25:57,000 It's never enough. You always the next rabbit hole to go down in the next journal article to look at the next 231 00:25:57,000 --> 00:26:03,000 think to have a look at And you're trying to basically understand everything as much as you can about whatever it is you're looking, 232 00:26:03,000 --> 00:26:10,000 whereas particularly in a journalistic environment, if you can't do that, you've got half a half day, half an hour to do something. 233 00:26:10,000 --> 00:26:14,000 You've just got to get to the bottom of it as quickly as you can and be happy 234 00:26:14,000 --> 00:26:18,000 with that and and develop a sense of pragmatism if you haven't got one already. 235 00:26:18,000 --> 00:26:23,000 Did you find that quite difficult and moving from the kind of longer scale project 236 00:26:23,000 --> 00:26:28,000 and longer scale questioning to something that is quite discrete and quite quick? 237 00:26:28,000 --> 00:26:34,000 Yeah, I understand, but I had no choice because you've got deadline and you've got to you've got to deliver. 238 00:26:34,000 --> 00:26:40,000 I mean, there's you kind of I was I was really worried about all the stuff I did for a little while 239 00:26:40,000 --> 00:26:47,000 I thought, well i was only given this an hour. Listen, I can't possibly this can't be right. 240 00:26:47,000 --> 00:26:53,000 But you just got to rolle with it and trust that you've done as best you can. 241 00:26:53,000 --> 00:26:59,000 So you talked about obviously going on to a history based magazine. 242 00:26:59,000 --> 00:27:06,000 So you're closer to the kind of background you had in your PhD and that you've moved on to a more managerial role now 243 00:27:06,000 --> 00:27:14,000 So thinking about yourself as, I guess as an employer. 244 00:27:14,000 --> 00:27:25,000 What if you had a PhD got you or someone that's just come into the PhD interviewing for a similar role, kind of perhaps where you started? 245 00:27:25,000 --> 00:27:30,000 You and your team, your organisation, what what are you looking for from them? 246 00:27:30,000 --> 00:27:34,000 So I suppose it's a bit different, in fact, of my background. 247 00:27:34,000 --> 00:27:40,000 I would be I'd probably look more favourably on someone who's gonna see them, perhaps someone who hasn't. 248 00:27:40,000 --> 00:27:45,000 And I think you do need to view. 249 00:27:45,000 --> 00:27:56,000 Is it. That's it. But I mean. I interviewed yesterday for for a role and the person I interviewed had all the skills. 250 00:27:56,000 --> 00:28:00,000 I mean, clearly, you need to demonstrate you've got the skills for the job. 251 00:28:00,000 --> 00:28:07,000 So that was fun. But she was also. Shouldn't she? 252 00:28:07,000 --> 00:28:20,000 She I think she had an MA She she was enthusiastic, keen and had. 253 00:28:20,000 --> 00:28:25,000 Enough of a sense of how to describe it. 254 00:28:25,000 --> 00:28:36,000 She wasn't afraid to stop and ask for a bit of time to answer questions, so she was confident enough in herself to say, I need to. 255 00:28:36,000 --> 00:28:44,000 I just need to address this properly. So I saw a good level of maturity in her. 256 00:28:44,000 --> 00:28:52,000 She's quite young. And I think as a as a precondition, you could you could you could trade on that quite well. 257 00:28:52,000 --> 00:28:58,000 You could trade on that sense of maturity and sense of of self-worth, 258 00:28:58,000 --> 00:29:05,000 self-knowledge without appearing to be some sort of braggart or something that you've you've done extended research. 259 00:29:05,000 --> 00:29:10,000 And I think that that is a pitfall you definitely don't want to come across as someone who's, you know better than anyone else. 260 00:29:10,000 --> 00:29:15,000 And that's clearly would be a bad. Yes. So that kind of elitist. 261 00:29:15,000 --> 00:29:24,000 Yeah. Don't do that. Don't do that. But definitely, you know, I'm looking for someone who has who has great enthusiasm. 262 00:29:24,000 --> 00:29:31,000 I want somebody who wants the job. I want somebody who had the same sense of urgency as I had when I was 23 263 00:29:31,000 --> 00:29:38,000 24. Looking for a job. I want somebody who's going to be banging on my door saying, I want a promotion. 264 00:29:38,000 --> 00:29:44,000 I want to be better. I want to do this training course. You want those people in your in your in your teams. 265 00:29:44,000 --> 00:29:51,000 You want people you don't want people to just sit around waiting for wait for the bell. 266 00:29:51,000 --> 00:30:00,000 So so enthusiasm is is there is the absolute thing I look for, you know, and and confidence. 267 00:30:00,000 --> 00:30:06,000 I think confidence is is is it is it is great. So in an interview and. 268 00:30:06,000 --> 00:30:10,000 So. So you make sure you go out and. 269 00:30:10,000 --> 00:30:18,000 We've got any students listening who are thinking about going into into magazine publishing or online publishing as you are now. 270 00:30:18,000 --> 00:30:24,000 What advice would you give them in terms of perhaps some of the things to. 271 00:30:24,000 --> 00:30:30,000 Do alongside their studies or that particular kind of volunteering experiences you think would 272 00:30:30,000 --> 00:30:37,000 be useful or their particular skill sets that you think they really need to focus on developing. 273 00:30:37,000 --> 00:30:42,000 So if you're at Exeter, I would expect you to be writing for expose 274 00:30:42,000 --> 00:30:54,000 I would expect you to be contributing to that to that magazine in some format. 275 00:30:54,000 --> 00:30:59,000 You should have a blog. You should be you should be blogging. You should be on social media. 276 00:30:59,000 --> 00:31:08,000 I should be able to find you on Twitter and Facebook and not think that you're completely wild individual. 277 00:31:08,000 --> 00:31:17,000 But then I should I should be able to see that you are looking to promote yourself in those in those environments. 278 00:31:17,000 --> 00:31:28,000 You probably we're doing a podcast. I mean, those are all the things that a modern journalist needs to be doing. 279 00:31:28,000 --> 00:31:34,000 So I would I would advise you to be developing in all those areas. 280 00:31:34,000 --> 00:31:39,000 On top of that, there are numerous opportunities to do a bit of work experience or internship or, 281 00:31:39,000 --> 00:31:43,000 you know, apply for competitions, writing competitions, that sort of thing. 282 00:31:43,000 --> 00:31:48,000 You know, I think the person I interviewed yesterday had won a poetry competition 283 00:31:48,000 --> 00:31:52,000 So those sorts of things, I think they are they just make you think, but they are bothered 284 00:31:52,000 --> 00:31:57,000 They are interested that they are enthusiastic. They do care about this and they have a passion for it. 285 00:31:57,000 --> 00:32:04,000 And that's those would all be things that I would I would definitely try and do. 286 00:32:04,000 --> 00:32:12,000 So, yes, you need to show that you that you are actually interested in writing and editing if you are trying to get into a media career. 287 00:32:12,000 --> 00:32:19,000 And that sense of enthusiasm and passion has come across really strongly in all of the answers you've given, 288 00:32:19,000 --> 00:32:30,000 actually, that one of the fundamental things is about. Being interested and having that sense of motivation to move forward and find out more. 289 00:32:30,000 --> 00:32:39,000 And I certainly think from my experience working with our PhD students on our research degree students, that's something they have in droves, 290 00:32:39,000 --> 00:32:47,000 you know, because you need that to be able to pursue a project that is that specialised for that sustained period of time. 291 00:32:47,000 --> 00:32:52,000 That's real passion and care for something. And. 292 00:32:52,000 --> 00:32:57,000 And so there's something really wonderful that may have to maximise on on on those personal qualities. 293 00:32:57,000 --> 00:33:05,000 Yeah, totally. So you can you can trade on. You can trade on it on that as an as a as a as a marker of your enthusiasm and your passion. 294 00:33:05,000 --> 00:33:10,000 And you can you can really gauge talent. And I would definitely recommend that would be a good thing to do. 295 00:33:10,000 --> 00:33:17,000 I mean, I think that's what all employers really need and want is that sense of that's somebody who's who is has got a 296 00:33:17,000 --> 00:33:23,000 level of excitement and commitment that's that's going to make them actually want to do the job and do it well. 297 00:33:23,000 --> 00:33:29,000 Fantastic. Thanks very much. Pleasure. And that's it for this episode. 298 00:33:29,000 --> 00:33:44,223 Join us next time when we'll be talking to another researcher about their career beyond their research degree.    

Show Notes: https://agelesshockey.com/22 Email: Jim@AgelessHockey.com List of All Podcast Episodes: https://agelesshockey.com/episode-list/ How Important is the Mental Side of Hockey? Hockey Grit, Grind, and Mind (Kevin L. Willis, PhD) It’s for all those who are serious about becoming an elite player and reaching their full potential. I think this book can also help us older recreational […] The post AH 022 – How Important is the Mental Side of Hockey? appeared first on Ageless Hockey.

"I'm so excited for this podcast episode today because I have the pleasure of interviewing the amazing Ezzie Spencer of Lunar Abundance. I've been following Ezzie for several months now and I'm just always so impressed with the amazing information that she puts out about the different lunar cycles and moon phases."    Ashley: So, Ezzie thank you so much for being here with me. Ezzie Spencer, PhD: It's my pleasure to be here. Ashley: Could you just maybe introduce yourself to everyone really quickly and tell us a little bit about your business and your work with lunar energy? Ezzie: Of course! I am an author and a speaker and I do some consulting work as well. I basically teach others how to connect in with the moon cycle to create a better life. More specifically, to really live in the flow of life and to tap into that joy and peace and sense of purpose which so many of us are really yearning to find. It's a personal practice that I share from my own experience and my own quest to come back to myself and to create more abundance in every single way in my own life. Disclosure: The links here are affiliate links, meaning I may earn a commission if you click through and make a purchase. Yay! Ashley: Oh thank you so much for that. I am so excited about this book! I find myself in the position of someone who really needs to read this book because like so many of us, at times I feel really disconnected from what's happening in my body and with my emotions. We're always looking for a way to reconnect with that part of ourselves. In your book, Lunar Abundance, this is really the main focus. It's about this re-connection to your inner self. It's about tuning into your own energy by using the moon as a mirror. I was wondering, could you tell us how the moon and these cycles, these ebbs and flows, really help us reconnect to that part of ourselves? - because this is a big part of what you speak about in the book. Ezzie: Yes for sure. So I really did live from the neck up in so many ways when I was younger. This is one of the reasons why I felt that there was something missing in my own life. I really felt that sense of disconnection in my life. I was working in a very different career. My job was in the field of law and there was a lot that was good about that, but I couldn't ignore the sense of feeling divorced from who I really was. I was out of tune with the natural cycles and rhythms of my own body and natural flow of life. I also felt like I had lost that connection with the natural environment and that sense of mystery and magic which I had as a child. It started to disappear when I went down that more traditional path to get some of those external trappings of success, if you will. I wanted to come back to myself to cultivate that sense of self-awareness of who I really was and why I was here on this Earth. I needed to cultivate a deeper relationship with my own feelings and emotional world, with both my inner world and my physical body as well. Eventually, I found that sense of that femininity and natural joy by working with the moon cycle. I was drawn to this very, very organically ten years ago, before it was a big thing on the internet and on social media. It was something which I started to connect with when I was writing my journal at night. I was trying to make sense of how I was feeling about my place in the world. So I started to draw little faces of the moon throughout my journal - the whole cycle, not just the full moon. I found that throughout the entire moon cycle there was this natural correlation between where the moon was in the sky and how I was feeling within myself. Those correlations would actually repeat over multiple moon cycles, so they became this pattern that would be predictable. Through this, I started to understand more about myself and the rhythms in the world. There's a lot of theories about why the moon has the effect that it does,

Host: Jack Lewin, MD Guest: Mark McClellan, MD, PhD It takes a substantial measure of time, money and manpower to bring a new drug from the bench to the marketplace. One key aspect of this sequence is the drug approval process, overseen by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Host Dr. Jack Lewin welcomes Dr. Mark McClellan, director of the Engelberg Center for Health Care Reform at the Brookings Institution, former commissioner of the FDA and administrator of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, to discuss a range of issues within the FDA's approval process: from essential boosts in funding, to more transparency about conflicts of interest, to the imperative need for comprehensive, real-time surveillance of long-term drug outcomes, how can the agency devote more attention to each of these areas of concern?

Host: Jack Lewin, MD Guest: Mark McClellan, MD, PhD It takes a substantial measure of time, money and manpower to bring a new drug from the bench to the marketplace. One key aspect of this sequence is the drug approval process, overseen by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Host Dr. Jack Lewin welcomes Dr. Mark McClellan, director of the Engelberg Center for Health Care Reform at the Brookings Institution, former commissioner of the FDA and administrator of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, to discuss a range of issues within the FDA's approval process: from essential boosts in funding, to more transparency about conflicts of interest, to the imperative need for comprehensive, real-time surveillance of long-term drug outcomes, how can the agency devote more attention to each of these areas of concern?

Host: Leslie P. Lundt, MD Guest: Matthew W. Johnson, PhD It used to be common for researchers to study the potential medicinal uses for hallucinogenic drugs, including psilocybin, ecstasy, and LSD; however, the 60's left a blemish on legitimate research and it grinded to a halt. Host Dr. Leslie Lundt welcomes Dr. Matthew Johnson, a psychopharmacologist in the Department of Psychiatry at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, who is studying psychoactive drug effects in human participants.