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A pagan couple, Cleitophon and Leucippe, who lived in Emesa in the reign of the Emperor Decius, were grieved that they were unable to have children. One day a monk named Onuphrius came to their door seeking alms to give to the poor, and seeing Leucippe's downcast face, asked her what was wrong. When she replied that she was barren, Onuphrius told her that this was by God's providence, to prevent their child from being given over to idolatry, and that if they accepted Christ she would bear a child. Leucippe was baptized into the Faith and bore a son not long after, which in turn brought her husband to faith in Christ. The son was named Galaction in baptism. Years later, Galaction's father, now widowed, decided that Galaction should marry a pagan maiden named Episteme. Galaction married out of obedience, but would not approach Episteme's bed since she was a pagan. In time, he convinced her of the truth of the Faith and baptised her himself. Not long after she was told in a dream of the glory that awaits those who consecrate themselves wholly to God. When she told her husband of the dream, they both resolved to remain in virginity, settling in separate monastic communities near to one another. In one of the Emperor's persecutions of Christians, Galaction was seized by imperial soldiers and taken away to be killed. Episteme, told in a vision of his arrest, asked the blessing of her abbess to join him in martyrdom. Receiving it, she hurried to Galaction's place of imprisonment, boldly announced her faith in Christ, and after many tortures and humiliations husband and wife were beheaded together.
Thursday, 15 February 2024 And after some days, when Felix came with his wife Drusilla, who was Jewish, he sent for Paul and heard him concerning the faith in Christ. Acts 24:24 In the previous verse, it was commanded that Paul be given certain liberties while he was incarcerated in Caesarea. Now, the narrative continues, saying, “And after some days.” This period was probably not very long. If the days were delayed to any extent at all, Luke most likely would have noted this. Regardless of the timeframe, however, it says, “when Felix came with his wife Drusilla.” Drusilla was the third daughter of Herod Agrippa I and the sister of Agrippa II. Agrippa I was the king who spoke before the people of Tyre and Sidon in Acts 12 and who, failing to give glory to God, was struck by Him and was eaten by worms. Agrippa II is the king whom Paul will speak before in Acts 26. This royal family was aware of the Christian movement, as Acts particularly describes. Of Drusilla, it next says, “who was Jewish.” This is a point Luke felt was necessary to include to remind the reader of the status of those Paul spoke to. It could be deduced from a careful study of Acts that she was Jewish, but Luke especially notes it anyway. As for her situation, at one time, she was engaged to be married to Antiochus Epiphanes, but because he wouldn't get circumcised, she was married to Azizus, king of Emesa. This is recorded in Josephus Ant. xx. 7. 1. After this, and with the supposed help of a sorcerer named Simon, she was estranged from him and eventually was married to Felix. It is not certain if this was the same as the person mentioned in Acts 8. Barnes says the following concerning this – “Felix was governor of Judea, he saw Drusilla and fell in love with her, and sent to her Simon, one of his friends, a Jew, by birth a Cyprian, who pretended to be a magician, to [endeavor] to persuade her to forsake her husband and to marry Felix. Accordingly, in order to avoid the envy of her sister Bernice, who treated her ill on account of her beauty, ‘she was prevailed on,' says Josephus, ‘to transgress the laws of her forefathers, and to marry Felix' (Josephus, Antiq., book 20, chapter 7, sections 1 and 2).” Her recorded life, including her marriage to a Gentile indicated that she wasn't a strict adherent to Jewish ways. As for Felix's return with Drusilla, Luke next records that “he sent for Paul and heard him concerning the faith in Christ.” The news about how the Jews opposed Paul's teaching may have made both her and Felix eager to hear what he had to say concerning the message of Jesus. Luke specifically focuses on the fact that Paul's message was centered on “the faith.” Life application: Felix was a Gentile, and Drusilla was a Jewess who was not obedient to the law. Both of them stood outside of the acceptable parameters of the Law of Moses. And yet, they were willing to hear about Paul's doctrine concerning faith in Christ. Even though Felix was a Gentile, he would have had a good understanding of what Judaism taught. As such, it was probably surprising to both he and his wife that Paul spoke of faith rather than works. In the coming verses, Paul will explain what the faith in Christ should entail, but the things he mentions are points of doctrine that come after salvation. Salvation is not contingent on those things, nor is continued salvation contingent on those things. The saving message of Jesus is one of faith in what He has done. Personal merit is entirely excluded. Be sure that when you present the gospel to others, that this is clearly understood. If people are told they must merit salvation through works, you are not presenting the true gospel. Jesus! He has done it all. We need to believe this by faith. Upon belief, we are saved. After belief, we should endeavor to live in a holy and upright manner because of the salvation God bestowed upon us by His grace. Lord God Almighty, what could we place before You and say, “See, this is why You should save me?” We are stained with sin and incapable of doing anything that could remove that. But You, O God, have made it possible through the giving of Jesus. We can now boldly proclaim, “See, this is what God has done to save us all!” Thank You, O God, for Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.
The Patočka Booth is a three-part series of interviews on the Czech philosopher and dissident, Jan Patočka (1907–77). Interviews will explore his philosophical and political thought, his biography and context, and his import for theology. David Lloyd Dusenbury is a philosopher, historian of ideas, and senior fellow at Budapest's Danube Institute. He is also visiting professor at Eötvös Loránd University, and the author of Nemesius of Emesa on Human Nature, The Innocence of Pontius Pilate, and I Judge No One (all published by Oxford University Press). Last year, he held the Chair for Jewish-Christian Relations at the University of Antwerp. PODCAST LINKS: Dr. Dusenbury's website: https://dldusenbury.com/ Dr. Dusenbury's Twitter: https://twitter.com/DusenburyDavid Dr. Dusenbury's academia.edu page: https://huji.academia.edu/DavidLloydDusenbury Dr. Dusenbury's Buda Hills podcast: https://twitter.com/BudaHills I Judge No One: A Political Life of Jesus: https://www.amazon.com/Judge-No-One-Political-Jesus/dp/0197690513/ref=sr_1_1?crid=1NJBSOJHMSHAX&keywords=david+lloyd+dusenbury&qid=1700698536&sprefix=david+lloyd+dus%2Caps%2C173&sr=8-1 CONNECT: Website: https://wipfandstock.com/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/wipfandstock Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/wipfandstock Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/wipfandstock/ SOURCES MENTIONED: Derrida, Jacques. The Gift of Death. Dusenbury, David Lloyd. “Exploring the Underground Writings of Jan Patočka: War and the Fate of Europe.” Lecture. ———. “Jan Patočka's Dissident Philosophy of History: Human Bondage and the Risk of History.” Lecture. ———. I Judge No One: A Political Life of Jesus. ———. “The Origins of European Unity and Disunity in Jan Patočka's Heretical Essays.” Foucault, Michel. The History of Sexuality. 4 vols. Husserl, Edmund. The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology: An Introduction to Phenomenological Philosophy. Jünger, Ernst. Storm of Steel. ———. Heretical Essays in the Philosophy of History. ———. Plato and Europe. Teilhard de Chardin, Pierre, SJ. “La nostalgie du front.” OUTLINE: (01:47) – Discovering Patočka (via Derrida) (04:35) – Roundtable: Patočka, Derrida, Husserl, Heidegger (08:28) – Brief biographical sketches (13:05) – Key ideas: the soul and history, the death of Europe, Christianity (17:36) – Was Patočka himself religious? (19:49) – Plato and Europe (23:17) – Philosopher and dissident (of a sort) (28:31) – A spiritual reading of European history (34:17) – The loss of European unity (37:17) – Russia and the United States (43:50) – The twentieth century as war (52:18) – Questioning and mystery (58:33) – What's next for Dr. Dusenbury (59:26) – Where to find Dr. Dusenbury
Los escasos datos biográficos que poseemos sobre Romano proceden de dos documentos menores, de origen litúrgico: el Sinasario y el Meneo. Según esos textos, Romano nació en Siria, en la ciudad de Emesa, hacia el 490. Ordenado diácono en Beirut, durante el reinado del Emperador Anastasio se trasladó a Constantinopla, donde fue incorporado a la iglesia de la Santísima Madre de Dios. Allí se entregó a una vida de oración y de mortificación, caracterizada por su devoción a la Virgen. En el santuario de la Madre de Dios, recibió el carisma poético. Cuenta la tradición que una noche de Navidad se le apareció la Virgen y le entregó un rollo para que lo masticara y engulliera. Apenas cumplió su mandato, subió al ambón e improvisó un himno en alabanza del Nacimiento del Señor. La vena poética, milagrosamente desatada en él, inspiró nuevos y numerosos Kondakia, himnos para las principales festividades litúrgicas del año, especialmente las de Cristo y la Virgen. Se dice que compuso un millar de himnos, aunque son muchos menos los que han llegado hasta nosotros. Romano, que ha pasado a la historia con el sobrenombre de el cantor, murió entre el 555 y el 562, y fue sepultado en la iglesia de Ciro, donde se celebra su memoria el 1 de octubre. Aunque los temas de sus composiciones son muy variados, destacan los himnos mariológicos. La figura de la Virgen es contemplada a la luz de la vida y de la obra redentora de su Hijo.
A pagan couple, Cleitophon and Leucippe, who lived in Emesa in the reign of the Emperor Decius, were grieved that they were unable to have children. One day a monk named Onuphrius came to their door seeking alms to give to the poor, and seeing Leucippe's downcast face, asked her what was wrong. When she replied that she was barren, Onuphrius told her that this was by God's providence, to prevent their child from being given over to idolatry, and that if they accepted Christ she would bear a child. Leucippe was baptized into the Faith and bore a son not long after, which in turn brought her husband to faith in Christ. The son was named Galaction in baptism. Years later, Galaction's father, now widowed, decided that Galaction should marry a pagan maiden named Episteme. Galaction married out of obedience, but would not approach Episteme's bed since she was a pagan. In time, he convinced her of the truth of the Faith and baptised her himself. Not long after she was told in a dream of the glory that awaits those who consecrate themselves wholly to God. When she told her husband of the dream, they both resolved to remain in virginity, settling in separate monastic communities near to one another. In one of the Emperor's persecutions of Christians, Galaction was seized by imperial soldiers and taken away to be killed. Episteme, told in a vision of his arrest, asked the blessing of her abbess to join him in martyrdom. Receiving it, she hurried to Galaction's place of imprisonment, boldly announced her faith in Christ, and after many tortures and humiliations husband and wife were beheaded together.
A pagan couple, Cleitophon and Leucippe, who lived in Emesa in the reign of the Emperor Decius, were grieved that they were unable to have children. One day a monk named Onuphrius came to their door seeking alms to give to the poor, and seeing Leucippe's downcast face, asked her what was wrong. When she replied that she was barren, Onuphrius told her that this was by God's providence, to prevent their child from being given over to idolatry, and that if they accepted Christ she would bear a child. Leucippe was baptized into the Faith and bore a son not long after, which in turn brought her husband to faith in Christ. The son was named Galaction in baptism. Years later, Galaction's father, now widowed, decided that Galaction should marry a pagan maiden named Episteme. Galaction married out of obedience, but would not approach Episteme's bed since she was a pagan. In time, he convinced her of the truth of the Faith and baptised her himself. Not long after she was told in a dream of the glory that awaits those who consecrate themselves wholly to God. When she told her husband of the dream, they both resolved to remain in virginity, settling in separate monastic communities near to one another. In one of the Emperor's persecutions of Christians, Galaction was seized by imperial soldiers and taken away to be killed. Episteme, told in a vision of his arrest, asked the blessing of her abbess to join him in martyrdom. Receiving it, she hurried to Galaction's place of imprisonment, boldly announced her faith in Christ, and after many tortures and humiliations husband and wife were beheaded together.
Met dr. Martijn Icks (Universiteit van Amsterdam) kijken we uitgebreid naar het leven en de regeerperiode van keizer Elagabalus (ook wel bekend als Heliogabalus). We volgen de tijdlijn van de moord op keizer Caracalla in het jaar 217 tot aan de moord op keizer Elagabalus in maart 222. Martijn neemt ons mee op een fascinerende reis van Emesa in het huidige Syrië naar Rome, we bespreken de beschikbare bronnen en nog veel meer.Shownotes
We have our fair share of bizarre rulers in the twenty-first century, but the subject of today's episode makes Putin, Trump and Kim Jong Il seem rather tame. According to the Oxford academic and bestselling novelist Harry Sidebottom, our guide this week, the Roman Emperor Heliogabalus was the maddest and baddest of them all. Heliogabalus turned Rome upside down as he rampaged over political and religious tradition during his lust-fuelled, four-year reign, contributing to the instability and chaos of the later third century AD. In this special end of year episode, we get into the spirit of Heliogabalus by allowing Harry Sidebottom to trample on our own tradition of choosing just one year in history to travel back to. Today we visit three separate years, 218, 220 and 222 so we can hear the full extraordinary story he tells in his new book on the maddest emperor of them all. The characters and stories that feature in this episode of Travels Through Time form part of Sidebottom's latest book. The Mad Emperor: Heliogabalus and the Decadence of Rome is out now. Show notes Scene One: 1 May 218. Heliogabalus' grandmother sneaks him out of Emesa (modern day Homs) in Syria to start the revolt that will elevate him to the position of Emperor of Rome. Scene Two: Midsummer's Day 220. Heliogabalus holds a huge parade in Rome to demonstrate his new religion. Scene Three: March 222. Heliogabalus is murdered on the orders of his grandmother. Memento: Heliogabalus' horn. People/Social Presenter: Violet Moller Guest: Harry Sidebottom Production: Maria Nolan Podcast partner: Ace Cultural Tours Theme music: ‘Love Token' from the album ‘This Is Us' By Slava and Leonard Grigoryan Follow us on Twitter: @tttpodcast_ Or on Facebook See where 218 fits on our Timeline
A pagan couple, Cleitophon and Leucippe, who lived in Emesa in the reign of the Emperor Decius, were grieved that they were unable to have children. One day a monk named Onuphrius came to their door seeking alms to give to the poor, and seeing Leucippe's downcast face, asked her what was wrong. When she replied that she was barren, Onuphrius told her that this was by God's providence, to prevent their child from being given over to idolatry, and that if they accepted Christ she would bear a child. Leucippe was baptized into the Faith and bore a son not long after, which in turn brought her husband to faith in Christ. The son was named Galaction in baptism. Years later, Galaction's father, now widowed, decided that Galaction should marry a pagan maiden named Episteme. Galaction married out of obedience, but would not approach Episteme's bed since she was a pagan. In time, he convinced her of the truth of the Faith and baptised her himself. Not long after she was told in a dream of the glory that awaits those who consecrate themselves wholly to God. When she told her husband of the dream, they both resolved to remain in virginity, settling in separate monastic communities near to one another. In one of the Emperor's persecutions of Christians, Galaction was seized by imperial soldiers and taken away to be killed. Episteme, told in a vision of his arrest, asked the blessing of her abbess to join him in martyrdom. Receiving it, she hurried to Galaction's place of imprisonment, boldly announced her faith in Christ, and after many tortures and humiliations husband and wife were beheaded together.
A pagan couple, Cleitophon and Leucippe, who lived in Emesa in the reign of the Emperor Decius, were grieved that they were unable to have children. One day a monk named Onuphrius came to their door seeking alms to give to the poor, and seeing Leucippe's downcast face, asked her what was wrong. When she replied that she was barren, Onuphrius told her that this was by God's providence, to prevent their child from being given over to idolatry, and that if they accepted Christ she would bear a child. Leucippe was baptized into the Faith and bore a son not long after, which in turn brought her husband to faith in Christ. The son was named Galaction in baptism. Years later, Galaction's father, now widowed, decided that Galaction should marry a pagan maiden named Episteme. Galaction married out of obedience, but would not approach Episteme's bed since she was a pagan. In time, he convinced her of the truth of the Faith and baptised her himself. Not long after she was told in a dream of the glory that awaits those who consecrate themselves wholly to God. When she told her husband of the dream, they both resolved to remain in virginity, settling in separate monastic communities near to one another. In one of the Emperor's persecutions of Christians, Galaction was seized by imperial soldiers and taken away to be killed. Episteme, told in a vision of his arrest, asked the blessing of her abbess to join him in martyrdom. Receiving it, she hurried to Galaction's place of imprisonment, boldly announced her faith in Christ, and after many tortures and humiliations husband and wife were beheaded together.
TESTO DELL'ARTICOLO ➜ www.bastabugie.it/it/articoli.php?id=7087DRUSILLA, L'ATTORE VESTITO DA DONNA CON UN NOME D'ARTE CHE RIMANDA ALLA BIBBIA di Rino CammilleriQuando ho visto spuntare nello scenario l'attore che veste da donna e si fa chiamare Drusilla sono rimasto ammirato. Dal nome, ovvio. Sì, è un nome raffinatissimo da antica romana. Così, sono andato a scartabellare tra i libri che ho scritto sulla storia del cristianesimo ed ho trovato: la Drusilla più famosa della storia antica (di quella moderna aspettiamo a vedere) aveva sì, nome romano, ma era giudea.Allora come oggi, i nomi dei dominatori attraevano, così le Esther e le Maryam diventavano Priscilla e Paolina, e abbondavano i Marco e i Filippo, come oggi dilagano le Samantha, Pamela, Jonathan, Melissa, Melania e via nomenclando.LO SCANDALO CHE PROVOCÒ LA CRISI DIPLOMATICADrusilla, dicevamo, era figlia del re Erode Agrippa (anche Erode era Eros-odis, nome romano) e sorella del re Agrippa II (e di Berenice, altro nome greco-romano). Donna bellissima, era adolescente, come usava, quando andò in sposa al re di Emesa, Aziz, che pur di averla era diventato proselita (cioè, convertito al giudaismo) e si era pure fatto circoncidere. Solo che sulla di lei avvenenza aveva messo gli occhi anche Antonio Felice, dal 52 d.C. procuratore di Giudea (in pratica governatore) e soprattutto fratello di quel Pallante che era diventato il braccio sinistro dell'imperatore Nerone. Ora, dal momento che il re di Emesa non contava granché mentre il procuratore romano era quello che comandava davvero, Drusilla non ci pensò due volte a piantare il marito per darsi a Felice.Il fatto fece scandalo e provocò una crisi diplomatica, ma Felice aveva le spalle coperte dal fratello e Aziz dovette ingoiare il rospo. Ora, dei due colombi poco o nulla sapremmo se non fossero finiti negli Atti degli Apostoli (At XXIV, 24ss.). Saul (cioè Paolo, cittadino romano) dopo la conversione sulla via di Damasco aveva osato predicare la Via (così era chiamato all'inizio il culto del Nazareno) a Gerusalemme e i farisei stavano per lapidarlo quando il tribuno a capo della guarnigione romana era intervenuto a proteggerlo. Ma non poteva stare per sempre chiuso nella Torre Antonia, la caserma romana a Gerusalemme, perché quelli lo aspettavano fuori. Così, il tribuno decise di mandarlo sotto scorta a Cesarea, sede di Felice.L'INCONTRO CON SAN PAOLODrusilla, che, non dimentichiamolo, era giudea, aveva sentito parlare di quella nuova setta e di Paolo. Così, curiosa, volle ascoltarlo. Davanti a Felice e Drusilla l'Apostolo spiegò la nuova dottrina. Ma quando le sue parole toccarono temi morali quali la castità e la fedeltà coniugale, nonché il giudizio finale che attendeva i reprobi, Felice si spaventò e Drusilla si indispettì. Paolo venne interrotto bruscamente e rimandato in cella. Fu lasciato in catene per due anni e senza processo: un abuso, perché era cittadino romano. Per questo a un certo punto l'Apostolo si appellò al giudizio dell'imperatore, come suo diritto. Il fatto era che Paolo aveva detto all'inizio di essere andato a Gerusalemme per portare i soldi di una colletta che i cristiani d'Asia avevano fatto a pro dei confratelli colpiti da una carestia. E Felice sperava di metterci le mani, almeno su una parte. Così, ogni tanto lo convocava, ma quello faceva orecchie da mercante e veniva rispedito in cella.Secondo lo storico Giuseppe Flavio fu proprio il malgoverno di Felice la causa remota che scatenò la ribellione ebraica finita nel disastro del 70 d.C. Per Paolo la situazione si sbloccò nel 60 d.C. col nuovo procuratore Porcio Festo, che lo mandò a Roma come da lui richiesto. Piccola parentesi: un cittadino romano aveva il diritto di essere giudicato direttamente dell'imperatore; oggi un cittadino italiano non arriva nemmeno a Mattarella, figurarsi a Biden. Chiusa la parentesi. Felice e signora vennero richiamati a Roma. E non si sa altro. Solo questo: Drusilla e il figlio Agrippa avuto da Felice perirono nell'eruzione del Vesuvio del 79 d.C. Evidentemente, come tutti i Vip romani, aveva una villa a Pompei. O a Ercolano o a Oplontis o a Stabia, le città seppellite dalla lava. Se l'attuale Drusilla non sa niente di questa storia, girategli questo articolo. Magari gli fa piacere...
These two brothers in Christ were from Edessa in Mesopotamia. After a pilgrimage to Jerusalem they fled the world together; they were tonsured as monks, but soon left their monastery to struggle in prayer near the Dead Sea. Thus they passed thirty years in silence and asceticism. Symeon was then commanded by God to leave the desert and serve God among the world's people. At their parting John said to him: 'Keep your heart from all that you see in the world. Whatever there may be that touches your hand, let it not take hold of your heart. When food passes your lips, let not your heart be sweetened by it. If your feet have to move, let there be peace within you. Whatever you do outwardly, let your mind remain tranquil. Pray for me, that God may not part us from each other in the world to come.' Symeon went to Emesa in Syria, where he spent the rest of his life, feigning madness in order to conceal his holiness from men. But he performed miracles of healing and appeared to people of the city in dreams, calling them to repentance. He was given the gift of discernment of others' inward condition, and while dancing and raving through the streets would approach people, whisper their sins in their ears, and call them to repentance. He reposed peacefully in 590; John, who had remained in the desert, reposed soon afterward.
These two brothers in Christ were from Edessa in Mesopotamia. After a pilgrimage to Jerusalem they fled the world together; they were tonsured as monks, but soon left their monastery to struggle in prayer near the Dead Sea. Thus they passed thirty years in silence and asceticism. Symeon was then commanded by God to leave the desert and serve God among the world's people. At their parting John said to him: 'Keep your heart from all that you see in the world. Whatever there may be that touches your hand, let it not take hold of your heart. When food passes your lips, let not your heart be sweetened by it. If your feet have to move, let there be peace within you. Whatever you do outwardly, let your mind remain tranquil. Pray for me, that God may not part us from each other in the world to come.' Symeon went to Emesa in Syria, where he spent the rest of his life, feigning madness in order to conceal his holiness from men. But he performed miracles of healing and appeared to people of the city in dreams, calling them to repentance. He was given the gift of discernment of others' inward condition, and while dancing and raving through the streets would approach people, whisper their sins in their ears, and call them to repentance. He reposed peacefully in 590; John, who had remained in the desert, reposed soon afterward.
These two brothers in Christ were from Edessa in Mesopotamia. After a pilgrimage to Jerusalem they fled the world together; they were tonsured as monks, but soon left their monastery to struggle in prayer near the Dead Sea. Thus they passed thirty years in silence and asceticism. Symeon was then commanded by God to leave the desert and serve God among the world's people. At their parting John said to him: 'Keep your heart from all that you see in the world. Whatever there may be that touches your hand, let it not take hold of your heart. When food passes your lips, let not your heart be sweetened by it. If your feet have to move, let there be peace within you. Whatever you do outwardly, let your mind remain tranquil. Pray for me, that God may not part us from each other in the world to come.' Symeon went to Emesa in Syria, where he spent the rest of his life, feigning madness in order to conceal his holiness from men. But he performed miracles of healing and appeared to people of the city in dreams, calling them to repentance. He was given the gift of discernment of others' inward condition, and while dancing and raving through the streets would approach people, whisper their sins in their ears, and call them to repentance. He reposed peacefully in 590; John, who had remained in the desert, reposed soon afterward.
Full show: https://kNOwBETTERHIPHOP.com Artists Played: Phonte, Devin Morrison, conshus, MURDOC, IMAKEMADBEATS, A. Billi Free, The Lasso, Bastido, Ander Draw, Dibora Matos, Buttering Trio, Black Star, Madlib, Black Thought, Emesa, Wilczynski, Namean, Homeboy Sandman, Ben Marc, AMiAM, Swamburger, Senor Kaos, Illustrate, Miynt, The Good People, Okito, M Slago, RoQy TyRaiD, Braxe, Falcon, Sunni Colon, MiLKCRATE, Lxvndr, OutKast, GOODie MOb, IMAKEMADBEATS
Good afternoon!! First of all, we hope that you all had an amazing easter-break. Hopefully you were successful on your egg-hunting ;) .. We want to inform you, that the episode that we recorded two weeks ago is finally out now. This time, we are discussing songs that were successful even though they aren't necessarily great.. Some like “Pen Pineapple Apple Pen”. Does that ring a bell?? Still, there are some good songs in it as well: starting with “Too Many Maybes” from Alfalfa, followed by Bartleby Delicate with “Sleeping song”. Lastly, “Swim Again” from Wilczynski & Emesa. We're happy to be back and entertain you with the greatest music. Make sure to stay tuned for our upcoming episodes! Your LEMONAIR-Team
Full show: https://kNOwBETTERHIPHOP.com Artists Played: unselftitled, Yasiin Bey, Mos Def, conshus, Shinobi Stalin, Elzhi, Georgia Anne Muldrow, Emesa, Wilczynski, Handbook, LK de LHotel Moscou, Ansley Stewart, Pat Van Dyke, Common, PJ, Chris Read, J Rawls, AMiAM, Omar Saleem, Philly Wyld Chyld, Nate Barksdale, Chong Wizard, Maylee Todd, Napoleon Da Legend, Amerigo Gazaway, EyeQ, Tennyson, Rae Morris, Femme Deadly Venoms, Stevie, DJ A-L, Khujo and T-Mo, OutKast, GOODie MOb, IMAKEMADBEATS
After the Forerunner was beheaded at the order of Herod and his illicit wife Herodias, his head was discarded in what the Synaxarion calls "an unseemly location," presumably a privy. According to some, it was secretly recovered by Joanna, one of the Myrrhbearing women, and given honorable burial near Jerusalem. There it was found, through a revelation of the Forerunner, by two monks who had come to Jerusalem to worship at the tomb of our Savior (the first finding). Putting the head in a bag, the monks returned home. On the way, they met an indigent potter from Emesa. That night the Forerunner appeared to the poor man and instructed him to make off with the relic. He returned with it to Emesa and immediately began to prosper in his business. Just before he died, he put the holy relic in a chest, which he left to his sister with these instructions: never to open it without instructions from the one hidden inside it; and to pass it on to a pious man beloved of God. Thus the Head of the Baptist passed through many generations, eventually being concealed in a cave near a monastery founded during the reign of Marcian (450-457), whose abbot was the godly Marcellus. The blessed Forerunner appeared several times to Marcellus, embracing him and once even giving him a pot of honey. The Baptist ordered Marcellus to follow a star which led him to the cave and came to rest in front of a niche in the wall. Marcellus dug there and came upon a marble slab, under which was a large jar containing the precious Head. The holy relic was taken with rejoicing to the cathedral in Emesa,where it worked many wonders. In the reign of Michael III (842-867), it was taken to Constantinople. It was at this translation that the present Feast was instituted. The version given here is that of St Symeon Metaphrastes. Other sources give substantially different accounts. The Prologue observes: "It is important and interesting to note that, while he was alive, John did not work a single miracle (Jn 10:41), but to his relics was given the blessed power of working miracles."
After the Forerunner was beheaded at the order of Herod and his illicit wife Herodias, his head was discarded in what the Synaxarion calls "an unseemly location," presumably a privy. According to some, it was secretly recovered by Joanna, one of the Myrrhbearing women, and given honorable burial near Jerusalem. There it was found, through a revelation of the Forerunner, by two monks who had come to Jerusalem to worship at the tomb of our Savior (the first finding). Putting the head in a bag, the monks returned home. On the way, they met an indigent potter from Emesa. That night the Forerunner appeared to the poor man and instructed him to make off with the relic. He returned with it to Emesa and immediately began to prosper in his business. Just before he died, he put the holy relic in a chest, which he left to his sister with these instructions: never to open it without instructions from the one hidden inside it; and to pass it on to a pious man beloved of God. Thus the Head of the Baptist passed through many generations, eventually being concealed in a cave near a monastery founded during the reign of Marcian (450-457), whose abbot was the godly Marcellus. The blessed Forerunner appeared several times to Marcellus, embracing him and once even giving him a pot of honey. The Baptist ordered Marcellus to follow a star which led him to the cave and came to rest in front of a niche in the wall. Marcellus dug there and came upon a marble slab, under which was a large jar containing the precious Head. The holy relic was taken with rejoicing to the cathedral in Emesa,where it worked many wonders. In the reign of Michael III (842-867), it was taken to Constantinople. It was at this translation that the present Feast was instituted. The version given here is that of St Symeon Metaphrastes. Other sources give substantially different accounts. The Prologue observes: "It is important and interesting to note that, while he was alive, John did not work a single miracle (Jn 10:41), but to his relics was given the blessed power of working miracles."
A pagan couple, Cleitophon and Leucippe, who lived in Emesa in the reign of the Emperor Decius, were grieved that they were unable to have children. One day a monk named Onuphrius came to their door seeking alms to give to the poor, and seeing Leucippe's downcast face, asked her what was wrong. When she replied that she was barren, Onuphrius told her that this was by God's providence, to prevent their child from being given over to idolatry, and that if they accepted Christ she would bear a child. Leucippe was baptized into the Faith and bore a son not long after, which in turn brought her husband to faith in Christ. The son was named Galaction in baptism. Years later, Galaction's father, now widowed, decided that Galaction should marry a pagan maiden named Episteme. Galaction married out of obedience, but would not approach Episteme's bed since she was a pagan. In time, he convinced her of the truth of the Faith and baptised her himself. Not long after she was told in a dream of the glory that awaits those who consecrate themselves wholly to God. When she told her husband of the dream, they both resolved to remain in virginity, settling in separate monastic communities near to one another. In one of the Emperor's persecutions of Christians, Galaction was seized by imperial soldiers and taken away to be killed. Episteme, told in a vision of his arrest, asked the blessing of her abbess to join him in martyrdom. Receiving it, she hurried to Galaction's place of imprisonment, boldly announced her faith in Christ, and after many tortures and humiliations husband and wife were beheaded together.
A pagan couple, Cleitophon and Leucippe, who lived in Emesa in the reign of the Emperor Decius, were grieved that they were unable to have children. One day a monk named Onuphrius came to their door seeking alms to give to the poor, and seeing Leucippe's downcast face, asked her what was wrong. When she replied that she was barren, Onuphrius told her that this was by God's providence, to prevent their child from being given over to idolatry, and that if they accepted Christ she would bear a child. Leucippe was baptized into the Faith and bore a son not long after, which in turn brought her husband to faith in Christ. The son was named Galaction in baptism. Years later, Galaction's father, now widowed, decided that Galaction should marry a pagan maiden named Episteme. Galaction married out of obedience, but would not approach Episteme's bed since she was a pagan. In time, he convinced her of the truth of the Faith and baptised her himself. Not long after she was told in a dream of the glory that awaits those who consecrate themselves wholly to God. When she told her husband of the dream, they both resolved to remain in virginity, settling in separate monastic communities near to one another. In one of the Emperor's persecutions of Christians, Galaction was seized by imperial soldiers and taken away to be killed. Episteme, told in a vision of his arrest, asked the blessing of her abbess to join him in martyrdom. Receiving it, she hurried to Galaction's place of imprisonment, boldly announced her faith in Christ, and after many tortures and humiliations husband and wife were beheaded together.
Heliodorus of Emesa (3rd/4th century CE) wrote the longest novel to have survived from antiquity, an adventurous romance that reemerged into Europe in the 1500s. Episode 89 Quiz: https://literatureandhistory.com/index.php/episode-89-quiz Episode 89 Transcription: https://literatureandhistory.com/index.php/episode-089-the-aethiopica-of-heliodorus Bonus Content: https://literatureandhistory.com/index.php/bonus-content Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/literatureandhistory Great Anthology of Ancient Greek Fiction: B.P. Reardon's Collected Ancient Greek Novels
267 nach Christus wurde Zenobia Königin über das Reich Palmyra, das seit der Eroberung im späten 1. Jahrhundert vor Christus ein Prokterat des römischen Imperiums war. Im Schatten der römischen Reichskrise des 3. Jahrhunderts nach Christus eroberte Zenobia Gebiete von der heutigen Türkei bis nach Ägypten, sodass 270 nach Christus ihr Reich den gesamten Osten des römischen Reiches umfasste. Der römische Kaiser Aurelian betrachtete skeptisch die Situation und als Zenobia ihn zudem noch öffentlich vorführte, blieb ihm keine andere Wahl als seine Legionen gegen die Königin der Wüste in den Kampf zu schicken. Im Mai 272 trafen die verfeindeten Armeen in der Ebene von Emesa aufeinander…. Erfahrt, wie die Schlacht ausging, was hinter dem Zitat „Zenobia kämpft gegen den IS“ steht und weshalb Zenobia durch alle Zeiten hindurch als eine der bedeutendsten Gestalten der Geschichte rezipiert wurde. Unsere Quellen findet ihr auf Instagram und auf unserer Website His2Go.de. Ihr könnt uns dabei unterstützen, weiterhin jeden 10., 20. und 30. des Monats eine Folge zu veröffentlichen. Folgt uns bei Spotify, Google Podcasts, Podimo und Instagram und bewertet uns auf Apple Podcasts oder über eure Lieblings-Podcastplattformen. Über einen Spendenlink auf unserer Website könnt ihr uns finanziell unterstützen, damit wir Literatur und neue Technik für den Podcast anschaffen können. Wir freuen uns über euer Feedback, Input und Vorschläge zum Podcast, die ihr uns über das Kontaktformular auf der Website, Instagram und unserer Feedback E-Mail: feedback.his2go@gmail.com zukommen lassen könnt. An dieser Stelle nochmal vielen Dank an jede einzelne Rückmeldung, die uns bisher erreicht hat und uns sehr motiviert. Music from https://filmmusic.io “Sneaky Snitch” by Kevin MacLeod (https://incompetech.com) License: CC BY (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
February 6 (February 19) ................................................................................................................................ 43 Afterfeast of the Meeting of our Lord in the Temple ........................................................................................... 43 Saint Bucolus, Bishop of Smyrna ........................................................................................................................... 43 Saint Photius, Patriarch of Constantinople ........................................................................................................... 44 Venerable Barsanuphius the Great and John the Prophet .................................................................................. 46 Virginmartyr Dorothy at Caesarea, in Cappadocia, and those with her ............................................................ 49 Martyr Julian of Emesa .......................................................................................................................................... 50 Virgin Martyr Fausta, and Martyrs Evilasius and Maximus, at Cyzicus .......................................................... 51 Virgin Martyrs Martha and Mary, and their brother Lycarion, in Egypt ........................................................ 52 Saint Arsenius of Iqalto, Georgia ........................................................................................................................... 53 Saint Amand, Abbot of Maastricht ........................................................................................................................ 54 --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/an-orthodox/message
In der bereit zehnten Folge der Podcast-Video-Show "Was Isch Los?" hat Moderator Markus Lang mit EMESA mal wieder eine Frau zu Gast. EMESA ist eine Graffiti Künstlerin aus Karlsruhe und studiert unter anderem an der Kunstakademie in Karlsruhe klassische Malerin und Grafik. Ursprünglich stammt sie aus Kaunas in Litauen. Vor 17 Jahren kam sie mit Ihren Eltern ins beschauliche Zell am Harmersbach. Seit kurzem wohn sie des Studiums wegen in Karlsruhe. Außerdem kann man in der Großstadt die Kunst und die Freiheit besser ausleben. Neben dem malen und tätowiert EMESA und macht Musik. Ein echtes Multitalent. In ihrem Style beim Malen erkennt man oft Gesichter und Frauen wieder. Sie wird oft für Aufträge gebucht, hat schon in Barcelona, Luxemburg, Schweiz oder in Frankreich gemalt; in Deutschland von Berlin bis Freiburg Eine Podcast Videoshow, die auf YouTube und allen bekannten Streaming/Podcast-Plattformen zu hören ist. Thematisch geht es mal um Kultur, Kunst, Sport, Musik oder Wissenswertes. Interessantes aus Baden für Baden. Dauer immer ca. eine halbe Stunde; interessant, kurzweilig gestaltet und immer auf Augenhöhe!
A pagan couple, Cleitophon and Leucippe, who lived in Emesa in the reign of the Emperor Decius, were grieved that they were unable to have children. One day a monk named Onuphrius came to their door seeking alms to give to the poor, and seeing Leucippe's downcast face, asked her what was wrong. When she replied that she was barren, Onuphrius told her that this was by God's providence, to prevent their child from being given over to idolatry, and that if they accepted Christ she would bear a child. Leucippe was baptized into the Faith and bore a son not long after, which in turn brought her husband to faith in Christ. The son was named Galaction in baptism. Years later, Galaction's father, now widowed, decided that Galaction should marry a pagan maiden named Episteme. Galaction married out of obedience, but would not approach Episteme's bed since she was a pagan. In time, he convinced her of the truth of the Faith and baptised her himself. Not long after she was told in a dream of the glory that awaits those who consecrate themselves wholly to God. When she told her husband of the dream, they both resolved to remain in virginity, settling in separate monastic communities near to one another. In one of the Emperor's persecutions of Christians, Galaction was seized by imperial soldiers and taken away to be killed. Episteme, told in a vision of his arrest, asked the blessing of her abbess to join him in martyrdom. Receiving it, she hurried to Galaction's place of imprisonment, boldly announced her faith in Christ, and after many tortures and humiliations husband and wife were beheaded together.
Hand aufs Herz: Wir haben nicht schlecht gestaunt, als wir bei unserer Recherche herausgefunden haben, dass Emesa erst seit gut 5 Jahren ihre Characters mit der Dose auf die Wand bringt. Trotzdem begann ihr künstlerischer Werdegang schon viel früher und es war wohl nur eine Frage der Zeit, bis für die Kunststudentin nach Leinwänden und Stencil-Stickern auch große Wandproduktionen zu ihrem Repertoire gehörten. Mit ihren phantasievollen Characters ist sie auf vielen Jams in Europa vertreten und hat schon mit etlichen Größen aus der Szene zusammengearbeitet. Grund genug also, den nicht ganz so klassischen Werdegang der Künstlerin mit Wohnsitz in Karlsruhe mal etwas genauer zu beleuchten… Mehr Infos, die Galerie und ihre Musikplaylist gibt es wie immer auf www.wdl.rocksSupport the show (https://www.buymeacoffee.com/wdlpodcast)
These two brothers in Christ were from Edessa in Mesopotamia. After a pilgrimage to Jerusalem they fled the world together; they were tonsured as monks, but soon left their monastery to struggle in prayer near the Dead Sea. Thus they passed thirty years in silence and asceticism. Symeon was then commanded by God to leave the desert and serve God among the world's people. At their parting John said to him: 'Keep your heart from all that you see in the world. Whatever there may be that touches your hand, let it not take hold of your heart. When food passes your lips, let not your heart be sweetened by it. If your feet have to move, let there be peace within you. Whatever you do outwardly, let your mind remain tranquil. Pray for me, that God may not part us from each other in the world to come.' Symeon went to Emesa in Syria, where he spent the rest of his life, feigning madness in order to conceal his holiness from men. But he performed miracles of healing and appeared to people of the city in dreams, calling them to repentance. He was given the gift of discernment of others' inward condition, and while dancing and raving through the streets would approach people, whisper their sins in their ears, and call them to repentance. He reposed peacefully in 590; John, who had remained in the desert, reposed soon afterward.
A pagan couple, Cleitophon and Leucippe, who lived in Emesa in the reign of the Emperor Decius, were grieved that they were unable to have children. One day a monk named Onuphrius came to their door seeking alms to give to the poor, and seeing Leucippe's downcast face, asked her what was wrong. When she replied that she was barren, Onuphrius told her that this was by God's providence, to prevent their child from being given over to idolatry, and that if they accepted Christ she would bear a child. Leucippe was baptized into the Faith and bore a son not long after, which in turn brought her husband to faith in Christ. The son was named Galaction in baptism. Years later, Galaction's father, now widowed, decided that Galaction should marry a pagan maiden named Episteme. Galaction married out of obedience, but would not approach Episteme's bed since she was a pagan. In time, he convinced her of the truth of the Faith and baptised her himself. Not long after she was told in a dream of the glory that awaits those who consecrate themselves wholly to God. When she told her husband of the dream, they both resolved to remain in virginity, settling in separate monastic communities near to one another. In one of the Emperor's persecutions of Christians, Galaction was seized by imperial soldiers and taken away to be killed. Episteme, told in a vision of his arrest, asked the blessing of her abbess to join him in martyrdom. Receiving it, she hurried to Galaction's place of imprisonment, boldly announced her faith in Christ, and after many tortures and humiliations husband and wife were beheaded together.
Homs è un luogo quasi leggendario, capace d’instillare meraviglia tanto nei romani quanto nel grande condottiero Khalid ibn al Walid che, proprio qui, pose la sua tombaSeguici anche su fb, ig e sul nostro sito https://mediorientedintorni.com/ , ogni giorno, il meglio della cultura di Medio Oriente e Mondo islamico.
These two brothers in Christ were from Edessa in Mesopotamia. After a pilgrimage to Jerusalem they fled the world together; they were tonsured as monks, but soon left their monastery to struggle in prayer near the Dead Sea. Thus they passed thirty years in silence and asceticism. Symeon was then commanded by God to leave the desert and serve God among the world's people. At their parting John said to him: 'Keep your heart from all that you see in the world. Whatever there may be that touches your hand, let it not take hold of your heart. When food passes your lips, let not your heart be sweetened by it. If your feet have to move, let there be peace within you. Whatever you do outwardly, let your mind remain tranquil. Pray for me, that God may not part us from each other in the world to come.' Symeon went to Emesa in Syria, where he spent the rest of his life, feigning madness in order to conceal his holiness from men. But he performed miracles of healing and appeared to people of the city in dreams, calling them to repentance. He was given the gift of discernment of others' inward condition, and while dancing and raving through the streets would approach people, whisper their sins in their ears, and call them to repentance. He reposed peacefully in 590; John, who had remained in the desert, reposed soon afterward.
After the Forerunner was beheaded at the order of Herod and his illicit wife Herodias, his head was discarded in what the Synaxarion calls "an unseemly location," presumably a privy. According to some, it was secretly recovered by Joanna, one of the Myrrhbearing women, and given honorable burial near Jerusalem. There it was found, through a revelation of the Forerunner, by two monks who had come to Jerusalem to worship at the tomb of our Savior (the first finding). Putting the head in a bag, the monks returned home. On the way, they met an indigent potter from Emesa. That night the Forerunner appeared to the poor man and instructed him to make off with the relic. He returned with it to Emesa and immediately began to prosper in his business. Just before he died, he put the holy relic in a chest, which he left to his sister with these instructions: never to open it without instructions from the one hidden inside it; and to pass it on to a pious man beloved of God. Thus the Head of the Baptist passed through many generations, eventually being concealed in a cave near a monastery founded during the reign of Marcian (450-457), whose abbot was the godly Marcellus. The blessed Forerunner appeared several times to Marcellus, embracing him and once even giving him a pot of honey. The Baptist ordered Marcellus to follow a star which led him to the cave and came to rest in front of a niche in the wall. Marcellus dug there and came upon a marble slab, under which was a large jar containing the precious Head. The holy relic was taken with rejoicing to the cathedral in Emesa,where it worked many wonders. In the reign of Michael III (842-867), it was taken to Constantinople. It was at this translation that the present Feast was instituted. The version given here is that of St Symeon Metaphrastes. Other sources give substantially different accounts. The Prologue observes: "It is important and interesting to note that, while he was alive, John did not work a single miracle (Jn 10:41), but to his relics was given the blessed power of working miracles."
After the Forerunner was beheaded at the order of Herod and his illicit wife Herodias, his head was discarded in what the Synaxarion calls "an unseemly location," presumably a privy. According to some, it was secretly recovered by Joanna, one of the Myrrhbearing women, and given honorable burial near Jerusalem. There it was found, through a revelation of the Forerunner, by two monks who had come to Jerusalem to worship at the tomb of our Savior (the first finding). Putting the head in a bag, the monks returned home. On the way, they met an indigent potter from Emesa. That night the Forerunner appeared to the poor man and instructed him to make off with the relic. He returned with it to Emesa and immediately began to prosper in his business. Just before he died, he put the holy relic in a chest, which he left to his sister with these instructions: never to open it without instructions from the one hidden inside it; and to pass it on to a pious man beloved of God. Thus the Head of the Baptist passed through many generations, eventually being concealed in a cave near a monastery founded during the reign of Marcian (450-457), whose abbot was the godly Marcellus. The blessed Forerunner appeared several times to Marcellus, embracing him and once even giving him a pot of honey. The Baptist ordered Marcellus to follow a star which led him to the cave and came to rest in front of a niche in the wall. Marcellus dug there and came upon a marble slab, under which was a large jar containing the precious Head. The holy relic was taken with rejoicing to the cathedral in Emesa,where it worked many wonders. In the reign of Michael III (842-867), it was taken to Constantinople. It was at this translation that the present Feast was instituted. The version given here is that of St Symeon Metaphrastes. Other sources give substantially different accounts. The Prologue observes: "It is important and interesting to note that, while he was alive, John did not work a single miracle (Jn 10:41), but to his relics was given the blessed power of working miracles."
A pagan couple, Cleitophon and Leucippe, who lived in Emesa in the reign of the Emperor Decius, were grieved that they were unable to have children. One day a monk named Onuphrius came to their door seeking alms to give to the poor, and seeing Leucippe's downcast face, asked her what was wrong. When she replied that she was barren, Onuphrius told her that this was by God's providence, to prevent their child from being given over to idolatry, and that if they accepted Christ she would bear a child. Leucippe was baptized into the Faith and bore a son not long after, which in turn brought her husband to faith in Christ. The son was named Galaction in baptism. Years later, Galaction's father, now widowed, decided that Galaction should marry a pagan maiden named Episteme. Galaction married out of obedience, but would not approach Episteme's bed since she was a pagan. In time, he convinced her of the truth of the Faith and baptised her himself. Not long after she was told in a dream of the glory that awaits those who consecrate themselves wholly to God. When she told her husband of the dream, they both resolved to remain in virginity, settling in separate monastic communities near to one another. In one of the Emperor's persecutions of Christians, Galaction was seized by imperial soldiers and taken away to be killed. Episteme, told in a vision of his arrest, asked the blessing of her abbess to join him in martyrdom. Receiving it, she hurried to Galaction's place of imprisonment, boldly announced her faith in Christ, and after many tortures and humiliations husband and wife were beheaded together.
These two brothers in Christ were from Edessa in Mesopotamia. After a pilgrimage to Jerusalem they fled the world together; they were tonsured as monks, but soon left their monastery to struggle in prayer near the Dead Sea. Thus they passed thirty years in silence and asceticism. Symeon was then commanded by God to leave the desert and serve God among the world's people. At their parting John said to him: 'Keep your heart from all that you see in the world. Whatever there may be that touches your hand, let it not take hold of your heart. When food passes your lips, let not your heart be sweetened by it. If your feet have to move, let there be peace within you. Whatever you do outwardly, let your mind remain tranquil. Pray for me, that God may not part us from each other in the world to come.' Symeon went to Emesa in Syria, where he spent the rest of his life, feigning madness in order to conceal his holiness from men. But he performed miracles of healing and appeared to people of the city in dreams, calling them to repentance. He was given the gift of discernment of others' inward condition, and while dancing and raving through the streets would approach people, whisper their sins in their ears, and call them to repentance. He reposed peacefully in 590; John, who had remained in the desert, reposed soon afterward.
After the Forerunner was beheaded at the order of Herod and his illicit wife Herodias, his head was discarded in what the Synaxarion calls "an unseemly location," presumably a privy. According to some, it was secretly recovered by Joanna, one of the Myrrhbearing women, and given honorable burial near Jerusalem. There it was found, through a revelation of the Forerunner, by two monks who had come to Jerusalem to worship at the tomb of our Savior (the first finding). Putting the head in a bag, the monks returned home. On the way, they met an indigent potter from Emesa. That night the Forerunner appeared to the poor man and instructed him to make off with the relic. He returned with it to Emesa and immediately began to prosper in his business. Just before he died, he put the holy relic in a chest, which he left to his sister with these instructions: never to open it without instructions from the one hidden inside it; and to pass it on to a pious man beloved of God. Thus the Head of the Baptist passed through many generations, eventually being concealed in a cave near a monastery founded during the reign of Marcian (450-457), whose abbot was the godly Marcellus. The blessed Forerunner appeared several times to Marcellus, embracing him and once even giving him a pot of honey. The Baptist ordered Marcellus to follow a star which led him to the cave and came to rest in front of a niche in the wall. Marcellus dug there and came upon a marble slab, under which was a large jar containing the precious Head. The holy relic was taken with rejoicing to the cathedral in Emesa,where it worked many wonders. In the reign of Michael III (842-867), it was taken to Constantinople. It was at this translation that the present Feast was instituted. The version given here is that of St Symeon Metaphrastes. Other sources give substantially different accounts. The Prologue observes: "It is important and interesting to note that, while he was alive, John did not work a single miracle (Jn 10:41), but to his relics was given the blessed power of working miracles."
A pagan couple, Cleitophon and Leucippe, who lived in Emesa in the reign of the Emperor Decius, were grieved that they were unable to have children. One day a monk named Onuphrius came to their door seeking alms to give to the poor, and seeing Leucippe's downcast face, asked her what was wrong. When she replied that she was barren, Onuphrius told her that this was by God's providence, to prevent their child from being given over to idolatry, and that if they accepted Christ she would bear a child. Leucippe was baptized into the Faith and bore a son not long after, which in turn brought her husband to faith in Christ. The son was named Galaction in baptism. Years later, Galaction's father, now widowed, decided that Galaction should marry a pagan maiden named Episteme. Galaction married out of obedience, but would not approach Episteme's bed since she was a pagan. In time, he convinced her of the truth of the Faith and baptised her himself. Not long after she was told in a dream of the glory that awaits those who consecrate themselves wholly to God. When she told her husband of the dream, they both resolved to remain in virginity, settling in separate monastic communities near to one another. In one of the Emperor's persecutions of Christians, Galaction was seized by imperial soldiers and taken away to be killed. Episteme, told in a vision of his arrest, asked the blessing of her abbess to join him in martyrdom. Receiving it, she hurried to Galaction's place of imprisonment, boldly announced her faith in Christ, and after many tortures and humiliations husband and wife were beheaded together.
Simeón el Loco (también conocido como Aba Simeón, o Simeón de Edesa o Emesa) fue un monje, eremita y santo cristiano del siglo VI que murió aproximadamente durante el año 570. Está considerado el patrón de los santos locos1? y de los titiriteros. Simeón era de origen sirio. Nació en Edesa, donde vivió soltero, acompañado de su anciana madre. A los treinta años, acompañado por su amigo Juan de Edesa, Simeón hizo los votos monásticos en el monasterio del abad Gerásimo.3?Simeón y Juan estuvieron durante veintinueve años dedicados al ascetismo y a la meditación en las proximidades del mar Muerto.4?Posteriormente Simeón dijo que Dios le había pedido que abandonara su vida retirada en el desierto y que se trasladara a la ciudad de Homs, donde se dedicó a la caridad y a hacer obras piadosas. Su comportamiento no era nada convencional, por ejemplo entraba en la ciudad arrastrando un perro muerto, o una vez apagó las lámparas del templo y le lanzó nueces a las mujeres; con estas extravagancias llevó a muchos al arrepentimiento, salvando sus almas del pecado, aunque muchos también le insultaban por ello e incluso llegaban a castigarle físicamente, lo cual él soportaba con paciencia. Sanaba enfermos y expulsaba demonios con sus oraciones, predicaba el Evangelio, alimentaba al hambriento y ayudaba a muchas personas, aunque muchas de sus buenas obras eran hechas en secreto. En cierta ocasión se acercó a él un hombre enfermo de glaucoma. Cristo había curado la ceguera empleando saliva y arcilla y Simeón trató de curarlo untándole mostaza en los ojos: el enfermo sintió una gran quemadura y su enfermedad se agravó. Simeón logró curarle finalmente cuando le explicó que lo que debía era arrepentirse de sus pecados y enmendar su vida. Simeón murió hacia el año 570 y fue enterrado en la fosa común destinada a mendigos y extranjeros. Mientras se transportaba su cuerpo, varias personas dijeron haber escuchado cánticos sobrenaturales. La vida de Simeón el Loco fue escrita por Leoncio, obispo de Neápolis (en Chipre), quien estableció un paralelismo entre la vida de Simeón y la de Cristo, modelo que el santo quería imitar a su manera.5?En español existe una traducción debida a José Simón Palmer, incluida en el volumen Historias bizantinas de locura y santidad. Simeón el Loco, https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sime%C3%B3n_el_Loco&oldid=119927407 (consultado por última vez octubre 10, 2019).
Juan el Bautista (en griego ??????? ? ?????????, Ioann?s ho baptist?s o ??????? ? ????????, Ioann?s ho baptiz?n;conocido como profeta Yahya en el Corán), o simplemente el Bautista o san Juan, fue un predicador ambulante judío coetáneo de Jesús de Nazaret, nacido a finales del siglo I a.C.1 Es venerado como un importante personaje religiosoen el cristianismo, el islam y la fe bahá'í. Está considerado un profeta por todas estas confesiones y varias ramas del cristianismo le han proclamado santo. Es considerado un personaje muy importante en el mandeísmo, pero no su fundador. Juan usaba el bautismo como sacramento central de su movimiento mesiánico. La mayoría de los académicos está de acuerdo en que Juan bautizó a Jesús.1617 Algunos estudiosos creen que Jesús fue discípulo de Juan181920 y varios evangelios cuentan que algunos de los seguidores de Jesús habían sido antes discípulos de Juan. Juan el Bautista también fue mencionado por el historiador judío Flavio Josefo. Algunos expertos mantienen que Juan estaba influenciado por los esenios, una secta con algunas características ascéticas que esperaba un apocalipsis y practicaba rituales muy relacionados con el bautismo24 aunque no hay evidencias que apoyen esta hipótesis.2 Según el Nuevo Testamento, Juan anticipó a una figura mesiánica mayor que él mismo,26 y el que vino fue Jesús. Los cristianos hablan de Juan como si fuera el precursor de Jesús,27 por haber anunciado su venida. Juan también tiene elementos en común con el profeta Elías.2829 En el Evangelio de Marcos El Evangelio de Marcos presenta a Juan el cumplidor de una profecía de Isaías (que, en realidad, es una compilación de frases del Segundo Isaías, del Libro de Malaquías y del Libro del Éxodo).30 Esta profecía hablaba de un mensajero que iba por delante y de una voz que clama en el desierto. Dice que Juan usaba un manto hecho de pelo de camello y que se alimentaba de saltamontes y de miel silvestre. Juan proclamaba el bautismo del arrepentido para el perdón de los pecados. Según Marcos, Juan decía que vendría otro después de él que no bautizaría con agua, sino con el Espíritu Santo. Jesús acudió a Juan y fue bautizado por él en el río Jordán. Según Marcos, el hecho ocurrió así: En aquellos días, Jesús llegó desde Nazaret de Galilea y fue bautizado por Juan en el Jordán. Y al salir del agua, vio que los cielos se abrían y que el Espíritu Santo descendía sobre él como una paloma; y una voz desde el cielo dijo: «Tú eres mi hijo querido, mi predilecto». Marcos 1:9-11 Posteriormente, se narra la muerte de Juan. El tetrarca Herodes Antipas, al escuchar historias de Jesús, piensa que Juan el Bautista ha resucitado de los muertos. Posteriormente, Marcos explica que Juan condenó a Herodes Antipas por casarse con Herodías, la ex-mujer de su hermano (al que llama Felipe). Herodías pedía su ejecución, pero Herodes Antipas se entretenía escuchando sus historias y era reacio a hacerlo porque le temía, ya que era un hombre «recto y sagrado». El relato narra posteriormente que la hija de Herodías danzó ante Antipas, lo que le complació tanto que le ofreció que escogiera cualquier cosa como premio. La hija preguntó a su madre, la cual le dijo que pidiera la cabeza de Juan el Bautista. Aunque reacio, Antipas ordenó la decapitación de Juan, y su cabeza le fue entregada a la chica en un plato. Los discípulos de Juan tomaron el cuerpo y lo enterraron en una tumba (Marcos 6:17-29). Cabeza de san Juan Bautista. José de Ribera. 1644. Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando. Madrid. Este pasaje presenta varios problemas. El Evangelio de Marcos identifica erróneamente a Herodes Antipas como un «rey»,31 cuando era un tetrarca, y llama Filipo al ex-marido de Herodías cuando se sabe se llamaba Herodes Boeto (también conocido como Herodes el Joven).32 Además, otros textos hablan de «la hija de Herodes, Herodías». Muchos académicos creen que esto último es lo correcto y que fue corregido en versiones posteriores del texto de Marcos y los evangelios de Mateo y Lucas.323334 Flavio Josefo dice que Herodías tenía una hija llamada Salomé. Los académicos han especulado sobre el origen de esta historia. Muestra signos de haber sido compuesta en arameo, que era un idioma que Marcos aparentemente no hablaba, por lo que puede haberla sacado de alguna fuente palestina.35 Hay diversas opiniones sobre la cantidad de material histórico que contiene.36 Muchos académicos han considerado que la historia del arresto, la ejecución y el entierro de Juan puede haberse elaborado para relacionarla con el destino de Jesús.37 En el Evangelio de Mateo El relato del Evangelio de Mateo contiene la profecía de Isaías,38 y la información del Libro de Malaquías y del Libro del Éxodo es mencionada por el propio Jesús más adelante.39 La descripción de Juan se toma directamente del Evangelio de Marcos: «un manto hecho de pelo de camello, un cinturón de cuero en la cintura, y se alimentaba de saltamontes y miel silvestre», junto con el anuncio de que el que vendría posteriormente bautizaría con el Espíritu Santo «y el fuego» (Mateo 3:1-12). A diferencia de Marcos, Mateo describe a Juan como crítico con los fariseos y saduceos y aparece predicando que «el reino de los cielos se acerca» y un «juicio venidero». Mateo abrevia la historia de la decapitación de Juan y añade dos elementos: que Herodes Antipas quería ver muerto a Juan y que Jesús fue informado de este hecho por sus discípulos.40 Mateo no se centra en Herodes Antipas, sino en Juan como el precursor de Jesús. Aunque Marcos habla de que Herodes Antipas mató a Juan a regañadientes y por la insistencia de Herodías, Mateo dice que Herodes Antipas quería ver muerto a Juan.41 En su evangelio, Jesús dice: «De cierto os digo: Entre los que nacen de mujer no se ha levantado otro mayor que Juan el Bautista; pero el más pequeño en el reino de los cielos, mayor es que él» Mateo 11:11 En el Evangelio de Lucas y en los Hechos de los Apóstoles Juan y Jesús de niños en un cuadro de Murillo. Según Lucas sus madres eran parientes. El Evangelio de Lucas narra la milagrosa concepción de Isabel, que era estéril (Lucas 1:7-9), esposa de Zacarías, ambos ancianos y sin hijos. Puede que este evangelio defina a Isabel como estéril por haber pasado ya la menopausia.4243 Según el relato de Lucas, el ángel Gabriel le anticipó el nacimiento de Juan a Zacarías mientras que este ejercía de sacerdote en el Templo de Jerusalén. Zacarías es descrito como un sacedote de la casa de Abías e Isabel es descrita como descendiente de Aarón (Lucas 1:5). Esto impica que ambos cónyuges eran descendientes de Aarón.44 Los católicos, los anglicanos y los luteranos celebran la natividad de Juan el Bautista el 24 de junio, seis meses antes de la Navidad. En tiempos de Herodes, rey de Judea, había un sacerdote llamado Zacarías, de la clase sacerdotal de Abías. Su mujer, llamada Isabel, era descendiente de Aarón. Ambos eran justos a los ojos de Dios y seguían en forma irreprochable todos los mandamientos y preceptos del Señor. Pero no tenían hijos, porque Isabel era estéril; y los dos eran de edad avanzada. Un día en que su clase estaba de turno y Zacarías ejercía la función sacerdotal delante de Dios, le tocó en suerte, según la costumbre litúrgica, entrar en el Santuario del Señor para quemar el incienso. Toda la asamblea del pueblo permanecía afuera, en oración, mientras se ofrecía el incienso. Entonces se le apareció el ángel del Señor, de pie, a la derecha del altar del incienso. Al verlo, Zacarías quedó desconcertado y tuvo miedo. Pero el ángel le dijo: «No temas, Zacarías; tu súplica ha sido escuchada. Isabel, tu esposa, te dará un hijo al que llamarás Juan. Él será para ti un motivo de gozo y de alegría, y muchos se alegrarán de su nacimiento, porque será grande a los ojos del Señor. No beberá vino ni bebida alcohólica; estará lleno del Espíritu Santo desde el seno de su madre, y hará que muchos israelitas vuelvan al Señor, su Dios. Precederá al Señor con el espíritu y el poder de Elías, para reconciliar a los padres con sus hijos y atraer a los rebeldes a la sabiduría de los justos, preparando así al Señor un Pueblo bien dispuesto». Pero Zacarías dijo al ángel: «¿Cómo puedo estar seguro de esto? Porque yo soy anciano y mi esposa es de edad avanzada». El ángel le respondió: «Yo soy Gabriel, el que está delante de Dios, y he sido enviado para hablarte y anunciarte esta buena noticia. Te quedarás mudo, sin poder hablar hasta el día en que sucedan estas cosas, por no haber creído en mis palabras, que se cumplirán a su debido tiempo». Lucas 1:5-20 Zacarías permaneció mudo hasta el día de la circuncisión, cuando recuperó el habla tras escribir en una tabla «Su nombre es Juan». Lucas dice que María, madre de Jesús, e Isabel, eran parientes. No obstante, no se menciona ninguna relación familiar entre Juan y Jesús en los otros evangelios y Raymond Edward Brown la define como de «historicidad dudosa».46 Geza Vermes ha dicho que es «sin duda una creación artificial de Lucas».47 Las similitudes con la historia del nacimiento de Samuel en el Antiguo Testamento sugieren que Lucas podría haber tomado la historia de la anunciación de Jesús y la de Juan de la historia de Samuel. Según Lucas, Juan comenzó a predicar y a bautizar en el desierto: [...] el año decimoquinto del imperio del emperador Tiberio, cuando Poncio Pilato gobernaba Judea, cuando Herodes era tetrarca de Galilea, su hermano Filipo tetrarca de Iturea y Traconítide, y Lisanias tetrarca de Abilene, en tiempo de los sumos sacerdotes Anás y Caifás Lucas 3:1-3 Tiberio sucedió a Augusto el 19 de agosto del año 767 (año 14 d. C.) de la fundación de Roma. Lucas pudo contabilizar los años siguiendo el calendario sirio que inicia el año el 1 de octubre, o bien el calendario romano que comienza en marzo, por lo cual no se sabe si tuvo en cuenta el primer año de la sucesión. Así, la fecha aproximada del inicio de la actividad del Bautista estaría en torno del año 28 de la era común. El de Lucas es el único evangelio donde Juan enseña explícitamente la caridad, bautiza a recaudadores de impuestos y da consejos a los soldados. El texto menciona brevemente que Juan fue arrestado y que, posteriormente, fue decapitado por Herodes, pero omite la historia de la petición de la hijastra. En el libro de los Hechos de los Apóstoles, que seguramente fue escrito por Lucas, se dice que algunos discípulos de Juan pasaron a ser discípulos de Jesús (Hechos 18:24 y Hechos 19:6), algo que no mencionan los evangelios con la excepción de Andrés, hermano de Pedro (Juan 1:35-42). En el Evangelio de Juan Juan Evangelista describe a Juan el Bautista como «un hombre enviado por Dios» que «no era la luz» pero que «vino como testigo para dar testimonio de la luz, de manera que a través de él todos creyeran» (Juan 1:6-8). Juan Bautista negaba claramente ser el Cristo, Elías o «el profeta», y en lugar de eso se definía a sí mismo como «la voz que clama en el desierto». Tras el análisis literal, es evidente que Juan es el «testigo y confesor por excelencia», sobre todo si se compara con figuras como la de Nicodemo. El bautismo de Jesús se da a entender, pero no se narra. Se narra que se vio «al espíritu bajar del cielo como una paloma y descansar sobre él». Juan el Bautista anuncia explícitamente que Jesús es el único que «bautiza en el Espíritu Santo», que es el «Hijo de Dios» y «el Cordero de Dios». El Evangelio de Juan informa de que los discípulos de Jesús fueron bautizados y que hubo un debate entre algunos discípulos de Juan y otros judíos sobre la purificación (Juan 3:22-36). En este debate Juan el Bautista argumentaba que Jesús «debe crecer» que él debería «dismimuir» (Juan 3:30) su relevancia. Este evangelio dice que, posteriormente, los discípulos de Jesús bautizaron a más gente que los discípulos de Juan. Posteriormente, el evangelio dice que Jesús veía a Juan como «una lámpara encendida y brillante», y que «estaban destinados a regocijarse durante un tiempo en esa luz» (Juan 5:35). Análisis comparativo Libro de Isaías Aunque para el Evangelio de Marcos la llegada de Juan el Bautista implica el cumplimiento de una profecía de Isaías, las palabras citadas son un conjunto de frases del Segundo Isaías, del Libro de Malaquías y del Libro del Éxodo. Las palabras citadas son las siguientes: Mira, envío por delante a mi mensajero para que te prepare el camino Una voz clama en el desierto Preparen el camino del Señor Enderecen sus senderos Mateo y Lucas omiten la primera parte de la cita.30 El bautismo de Jesús San Juan Bautizando a Cristo en el Jordán, por Francisco de Goya, 1780. Los evangelios difieren en los detalles del bautismo. En los de Marcos y Lucas, Jesús ve el cielo abierto y oye una voz que le aborda personalmente diciendo «Tú eres mi hijo querido, mi predilecto». Ellos no aclaran si los demás vieron y escucharon esto. En Mateo, la voz del cielo no se dirige personalmente a Jesús, y dice: «Este es mi hijo amado, mi predilecto» (Mateo 3:17). En el Evangelio de Juan, Juan el Bautista ve bajar una paloma y da testimonio de esto como prueba de la condición mesiánica de Jesús. Conocimientos de Juan acerca de Jesús La concepción que Juan tiene de Jesús varía dependiendo del evangelio. En el de Marcos, Juan predica la llegada de un líder, pero no da señales de que Jesús sea ese líder. En el de Mateo, no obstante, Juan reconoce inmediatamente a Jesús y se cuestiona si está capacitado para bautizarle. Tanto en Mateo como en Lucas, Juan pregunta: «¿Eres tú el que va a venir o debemos esperar a otro?». En el de Lucas, Juan es familiar de Jesús y ambos nacimientos fueron profetizados por el ángel Gabriel. Según Juan Evangelista, Juan el Bautista contempló al Espíritu Santo descendiendo con forma de paloma y predicó explítamente que Jesús es el Hijo de Dios. Juan y Elías Los evangelios varían en sus descripciones de la relación de Juan con Elías. Mateo y Marcos describen la ropa de Juan de forma que recuerda a la descripción de Elías en 2 Reyes 1:8, quien también llevaba ropa de pelo y un cinturón de cuero. En el Evangelio de Mateo, Jesús enseña explícitamente que Juan es el «Elías que había de venir» (Mateo 11:14 y Mateo 17:11-13); muchos teólogos cristianos ha dicho que esto quiere decir que Juan es el sucesor de Elías. En el Evangelio de Juan, Juan el Bautista niega ser Elías explícitamente.51 En el relato de la anunciación realizado por Lucas, se le aparece un ángel a Zacarías, padre de Juan, que le dice que su hijo «convertirá a muchos de los hijos de Israel al Señor su Dios» y que tendrá «el espíritu y el poder de Elías» (Lucas 1:16-17). En el Evangelio de Juan, se presenta a Juan el Bautista diciendo: Respondió Juan: -No puede el hombre recibir nada si no se lo concede el cielo. Ustedes son testigos de que dije: Yo no soy el Mesías, sino que me han enviado por delante de él. Quien se lleva a la novia es el novio. El amigo del novio que está escuchando se alegra de oír la voz del novio. Por eso mi gozo es perfecto. Él debe crecer y yo disminuir. Juan 3:27-31 Quien viene de arriba está por encima de todos. Quien viene de la tierra es terreno y habla de cosas terrenas. Quien viene de cielo está por encima de todos. Él atestigua lo que ha visto y oído, y nadie acepta su testimonio. Quien acepta su testimonio certifica que Dios es veraz. El enviado de Dios habla de las cosas divinas, porque Dios le da el Espíritu sin medida. El Padre ama al Hijo y todo lo pone en sus manos. Quien cree en el Hijo tiene vida eterna. Quien no cree al Hijo no verá la vida, porque la ira de Dios permanece sobre él. Juan 3:31-36 La diferencia entre el ministerio general de los esenios y el de Juan estriba en que aquellos enfatizaban en el estudio de la Ley y, en general, de las Sagradas Escrituras, y Juan en la predicación y bautismo para la conversión del pueblo. Según los evangelios, bautizó también a Jesús de Nazaret en el río Jordán (Lucas 3:21-22, Marcos 1:9-11) y lo reconoció como el Mesías (Juan 1:25-34, Mateo 3:13-17). [...] parece que Juan el Bautista y tal vez también Jesús y su familia fueron cercanos a esta comunidad. En cualquier caso, en los manuscritos de Qumrán hay múltiples puntos de contacto con el mensaje cristiano. No puede descartarse que Juan el Bautista viviera un tiempo en esta comunidad y haya recibido en ella, en parte, su formación religiosa Benedicto XVI Según Flavio Josefo Existe información sobre Juan el Bautista en Antigüedades judías (libro XVIII, capítulo 5, 2) de Flavio Josefo (37-100). Esta viene a confirmar que Juan fue decapitado por orden de Herodes Antipas, indicando que esto tuvo lugar en la fortaleza de Maqueronte. En la actualidad, algunos de los judíos piensan que la destrucción del ejército de Herodes vino de Dios, y que fue muy justa, como un castigo por lo que hizo en contra de Juan, que fue llamado el Bautista: porque Herodes mató a quien era un buen hombre y comandaba la ira de los judíos, hubo justicia por ambas partes, y piedad hacia Dios, y así se iba al bautismo; para que el lavado [con agua] fuese aceptable para él, si se hacía uso de ella, no para quitar algunos pecados, sino para la purificación del cuerpo, en el caso de que el alma se haya purificado de antemano con la justicia. Ahora, cuando otros llegaban en tropel alrededor suya, porque estaban gratamente complacidos al oír sus palabras, Herodes, que estaba asustado por la gran influencia que tenía sobre el pueblo para ponerlo de su parte e iniciar una rebelión (porque ellos estaban dispuestos a hacer cualquier cosa que él les aconsejase) pensó que lo mejor era llevarlo a la muerte, para evitar cualquier daño que pudiera causar, y que lo le trajera dificultades, y ahorrarse a un hombre que podía hacer que ocurrieran y que se arrepintiera cuando fuera demasiado tarde. En consecuencia, fue enviado como prisionero, lejos del temperamento suspicaz de Herodes, a Maqueronte, el castillo antes mencionado, y allí fue condenado a muerte. Ahora los judíos opinaban que este ejército fue enviado como castigo a Herodes, y que es un signo del desagrado que Dios siente hacia él.52 La primera referencia conocida a este pasaje se puede encontrar en el siglo III, cuando fue citada por Orígenes en la obra Contra Celsum. De acuerdo con este pasaje, la ejecución de Juan fue la culpa de una derrota que Herodes sufrió en torno al año 36 d.C. Hay divergencias entre este pasaje y las narraciones bíblicas. De acuerdo con este pasaje el bautismo de Juan para aquellas almas que ya se hayan «purificado anteriormente por la rectitud» es para la purificación del cuerpo, y no para el perdón de los pecados, como se dice en Marcos 1:4. El académico experto en temas bíblicos John Dominic Crossan diferencia a Juan y a Jesús en la narración de Josefo: «Juan tenía un monopolio, pero Jesús tenía una franquicia». «Al bautizarse —escribe Crossan— se iba solamente con Juan; para parar el movimiento solo necesitabas parar a Juan (por lo que su movimiento terminó con su muerte). Sin embargo, Jesús invitaba a todos a ir y a ver cómo él sus compañeros aceptaban el reino de Dios, para entrar y vivir en él. En el caso de Jesús, la praxis comunal no era solamente suya, sino que podía sobrevivir sin él, a diferencia del movimiento de Juan».53 Reliquias La mezquita Nabi Yahya, en Sebastia, cerca de Nablús. Tradicionalmente se ha dicho que san Juan Bautista está enterrado en la mezquita de Nabi Yahya, en Sebastia (Palestina), y se mencionó que sus reliquias eran veneradas ahí en el siglo IV. Rufino de Aquilea y Teodoreto de Ciro escribieron que el santuario fue profanado bajo el reinado de Juliano el Apóstata, alrededor del 362, y que sus huesos fueron parcialmente quemados. Parte de las reliquias rescatadas fueron llevadas a Jerusalén y, posteriormente, a Alejandría, donde el 27 de mayo del 395 se colocaron en una nueva basílica construida sobre un templo de Serapis. La tumba de Sebastia siguió siendo visitada por peregrinos y san Jerónimo mencionó que allí se producían milagros. Capilla de Juan el Bautista en la mezquita de los Omeyas de Damasco. El destino de la cabeza de san Juan el Bautista es difícil de determinar. Nicéforo Calixto54 y Simón Metafraste dicen que Herodías la enterró en la fortaleza de Maqueronte (la fortaleza donde, según Josefo, había sido ejecutado). Otros autores dicen que fue enterrada en el Palacio de Herodes de Jerusalén, donde fue encontrada en el reinado de Constantino I y llevada en secreto a Emesa, donde se escondió. El lugar donde se ocultó fue desconocido durante años, hasta que se descubrió en el 453. No obstante, el paño de la decapitación de Juan se conserva en la Catedral de Aquisgrán. La Iglesia ortodoxa dice que son ellos los que poseen las reliquias de san Juan Bautista en un monasterio del Bajo Egipto, entre El Cairo y Alejandría. Es posible, con el permiso de los monjes, ver la tumba donde, supuestamente, están sus restos. Varios lugares afirman o han afirmado poseer la cabeza cortada de Juan el Bautista. El lugar oficial de la Iglesia católica es la capilla de san Juan Bautista (Nabi Yahya en árabe) de la Mezquita de los Omeyas de Damasco;55 El lugar fue visitado por el papa Juan Pablo II en 2001, que «hizo una pausa de un minuto para meditar en silencio ante la tumba de san Juan Bautista».56 No obstante, antes de creerse que estaba ahí la Iglesia católica también la ha situado en la iglesia de San Silvestro in Capite de Roma;57 en la Catedral de Amiens (a donde, supuestamente, había sido llevada por los templarios); y en algún lugar indeterminado de la ciudad turca de Antioquía. Otras tradiciones suponen que estaba en la Residencia de Múnich, Alemania (que fue la residencia oficial de los gobernantes de la casa de Wittelsbach de Baviera desde 1385 a 1918);57 o incluso en la iglesia parroquial de Tenterden, Kent, donde se conservó hasta la Reforma Protestante. Hay tradiciones de que la mano derecha del santo, con la que bautizó a Jesús se encuentra en el monasterio ortodoxo de Cetinje, en Montenegro; en el Palacio de Topkapi de Estambul; y en el skete rumano del Presursor en el monte Athos. Hay tradiciones de que la mano izquierda del santo se encuentra en la Iglesia apostólica armenia de San Juan en Hugli-Chuchura, Bengala Occidental, donde anualmente, en el «Día Chuchura», en enero, bendice a los fieles de Calcuta.58 Hay manuscritos del siglo XI y del XVI descubiertos en 1969 que dicen que una cripta del monasterio de San Macario el Grande en Scetes, Egipto,59 guarda reliquias de san Juan Bautista. También se dice que hay reliquias suyas en la catedral del monasterio de San Juan Bautista, en Gandzasar, Nagorno Karabaj. Hay otra tradición en la ciudad de Halifax, en Yorkshire del Oeste, Reino Unido, que tiene la cabeza de Juan en su escudo de armas. Una leyenda que aparece en la obra Britannia de William Camden, del siglo XVI, dice que el nombre de la ciudad (halig, sagrado, y fax, cara) hace referencia a que los primeros religiosos que se asentaron en la zona trajeron consigo la cabeza de Juan el Bautista.60 En 2010 se descubrieron algunos huesos en las ruinas de la iglesia del monasterio de San Juan el Precursor en la isla búlgara de San Iván, en el Mar Negro. Dos años después, tras un análisis de ADN y de datación por radiocarbono, se probó que los huesos pertenecían a un hombre de Oriente Medio que vivió en el siglo I a.C., por lo que pudieron haber pertenecido a Juan el Bautista.6162 En la actualidad, los restos se encuentran en un relicario en la iglesia de San Cirilo y Metodio, en Sozopol.6163 Su figura en las religiones Cristianismo Iglesia parroquial de San Juan Bautista. Masatepe, Nicaragua. Los cristianos creen que Juan tuvo un papel específico encomendado por Dios para que fuera precursor de Jesús, que era el mesías anunciado. Los evangelios canónicos mencionan este papel. En Lucas 1:17 el papel de Juan es el de "reconciliar a los padres con los hijos y a los rebeldes con la sabiduría de los honrados" para preparar "para el Señor un pueblo bien dispuesto". En Lucas Lucas 1:76 se dice que caminaría "delante del Señor, preparándole el camino". En Lucas 1:77 se dice que Juan estaba para anunciar "a su pueblo la salvación por el perdón de los pecados". Hay varios pasajes del Antiguo Testamento que son considerados profecías sobre Juan el Bautista por los cristianos. Entre estos está Malaquías 3:1, que dice: Miren, yo envío mi mensajero a parar el camino delante de mí. De pronto entrará en el santuario el Señor que buscan; el mensajero de la alianza que tanto desean, mírenlo entrar - dice el Señor Todopoderoso Y también Malaquías 3:23-24, que dice: Y yo les enviaré al profeta Elías antes de que llegue el día del Señor, grande y terrible: reconciliará a padres con hijos, a hijos con padres y así no vendré yo a exterminar la Tierra Los judíos de la época de Jesús esperaban que Elías viniera antes del Mesías. De hecho, algunos judíos modernos siguen esperando la venida de Elías, así como la Copa de Elías en el Séder de Pésaj. Por eso en Mateo 17:10-13 se dice: Los discípulos le preguntaron: -¿Por qué dicen los letrados que primero tiene que venir Elías? Jesús respondió: -Elías tiene que venir a restablecer nuevamente el orden de todas las cosas. Pero les aseguro que Elías ya vino, no lo reconocieron y lo maltrataron. Del mismo modo el Hijo del Hombre va a sufrir en manos de ellos. Entonces comprendieron los discípulos que se refería a Juan el Bautista Estos pasajes se aplican a san Juan Bautista en los evangelios sinópticos (Mateo 3:3, Marcos 1:2, Marcos 1:3 y Lucas 1:16-17) pero es el Evangelio de Mateo el que identifica a Juan el Bautista como el sucesor espiritual de Elías (Mateo 11:14 y Mateo 17:13) ya que los evangelios de Marcos y Lucas no lo dicen. El Evangelio de Juan dice que Juan el Bautista negó que él fuera Elías (Juan 1:19-23): Este es el testimonio de Juan, cuando los judíos [le] enviaron desde Jerusalén sacerdotes y levitas a preguntarle quién era. Él confesó y no negó; confesó que no era el Mesías. Le preguntaron: -Entonces, ¿eres Elías? Respondió: -No lo soy. -¿Eres el profeta? Respondió: -No. Le dijeron: -¿Quién eres? Tenemos que llevar una respuesta a quienes nos enviaron; ¿qué dices de ti? Respondió: -Yo soy la voz que clama en el desierto: Enderecen el camino del Señor, según dice el profeta Elías. Los primeros judeocristianos En el primer judaísmo cristiano (gnóstico, de acuerdo con Epifanio de Salamina en su Panarion, parte 30) los ebionitas sostenían que Juan, Jesús y Santiago (todos ellos venerados) eran vegetarianos.646566676869 Epifanio de Salamina escribió que los ebionitas habían modificado el Evangelio de Mateo (creando el conocido como Evangelio de los ebionitas) para cambiar la palabra "saltamontes" por "pasteles de miel" o "de maná". Iglesia católica La Iglesia católica conmemora a san Juan Bautista en dos días: el 24 de junio su natividad y el 29 de agosto su decapitación. Algunos católicos sostienen que Juan el Bautista estaba libre de pecado, aunque esto nunca ha sido parte de la doctrina, como sí lo es el inmaculismo de María. En su Tratado sobre la oración, santa Catalina de Siena incluye un breve episodio sobre la lucha contra el diablo, que trataba de atraerla con la vanidad y la adulación. Hablando en primera persona, santa Catalina de Siena responde al diablo con las siguientes palabras: [...] para tu humillación, y tú respondiste al diablo con estas palabras: "¡Miserable de mí! Juan Bautista nunca pecó y fue santificado en el vientre de su madre. Y yo he cometido tantos pecados [...]" Catalina de Siena. Tratado sobre la oración. Iglesia ortodoxa oriental Los fieles de la Iglesia ortodoxa oriental creen que Juan era el último de los profetas del Antiguo Testamento, por lo que sirve como puente entre ese período de la revelación y la Nueva Alianza. También enseñan que, tras su muerte, Juan descendió al Hades y allí, predicó de nuevo que el Mesías Jesús iba a venir, por lo que fue el precursor de Cristo en la muerte como lo había sido en vida. Los templos ortodoxos suelen tener una figura de san Juan Bautista en un lugar de honor en el iconostasio, y se menciona con frecuencia en los Servicios Divinos. Todos los martes del año están dedicados a su memoria. La Iglesia ortodoxa oriental conmemora a san Juan el Precursor en seis días de fiesta diferentes, que se enumeran aquí en el orden en el que se producen durante el año de esta Iglesia (que comienza el 1 de septiembre): 23 de septiembre: Concepción de san Juan el Precursor. 7 de enero: La Sinaxis de san Juan el Precursor. Este es el principal día festivo, que va justo después de la teofanía del 6 de enero (el 7 de enero también se conmemora el traspaso de la reliquia de la mano derecha de Juan el Bautista desde Antioquía a Constantinopla en el 956). 24 de febrero: Primer y segundo encuentro de la cabeza de san Juan el Precursor. 25 de mayo: Tercer encuentro de la cabeza de san Juan el Precursor. 24 de junio: Natividad de san Juan el Precursor. 29 de agosto: La decapitación de San Juan el Precursor. Además, la Iglesia ortodoxa y la Iglesia luterana conmemoran a Zacarías, padre de Juan, el 5 de septiembre en tanto que la Iglesia católica lo hace el 23 de septiembre. Isabel, madre de Juan, es conmemorada el 5 de septiembre en la Iglesia ortodoxa y anglicana, y el 5 de noviembre en la Iglesia católica y luterana. La Iglesia ortodoxa rusa conmemora el 12 de octubre el traspaso de la mano derecha del Precursor de Malta a Gatchina (1799). Iglesia de Jesucristo de los Santos de los Últimos Días (mormones) La Iglesia de Jesucristo de los Santos de los Últimos Días enseña que su revelación moderna confirma el relato bíblico de Juan y también aporta nuevos elementos de su predicación. De acuerdo con esta creencia, cuando Juan tenía ocho años "el ángel del Señor le ordenó" que "derrocase el reino de los judíos" y que preparase al pueblo para el Señor. Los mormones también creen que "él fue bautizado cuando todavía era un niño".73 Joseph Smith dijo: "Vayamos a los tiempos del Nuevo Testamento donde muchos alababan al Señor y a sus apóstoles. Comenzaremos con Juan el Bautista. Cuando Herodes sacó su edicto para destruir a los niños pequeños, Juan era unos seis meses mayor que Jesús, y fue objetivo de este decreto infernal, y Zacarías le dijo a su madre que le llevará a las montañas, donde se crio a base de saltamontes y miel silvestre. Cuando su padre se negó a revelar su escondite, y siendo el sumo sacerdote que oficia en el templo de ese año, fue ejecutado por orden de Herodes, entre la entrada y el altar, como dijo Jesús." La Iglesia mormona enseña que Juan el bautista se apareció en la orilla del río Susquehanna, cerca del municipio de Harmony, condado de Susquehanna, Pensilvania, como un resucitado a Joseph Smith y a Oliver Cowdery el 15 de mayo de 1829 y les ordenó el ministerio arónico. De acuerdo con la doctrina mormona, el ministerio de Juan había trabajado en tres puntos: él era el último de los profetas bajo las normas de Moisés; él era el primero de los profetas del Nuevo Testamento; y él fue enviado para confirmar el ministerio arónico en nuestros días. Los mormones creen que el ministerio de Juan fue profetizado a dos profetas cuyas enseñanzas están incluidas en el Libro de Mormón: Lehi78 y su hijo Nephi. Islam Juan también es venerado como profeta en el islam, donde es llamado Ya?y? ibn Zakar?y? (???? ?? ?????), que significa "Juan, hijo de Zacarías". Los musulmanes creen que él revelaba la palabra de Dios y que fue un profeta que anunció la venida de Jesús. Su padre, Zacarías, también se considera profeta en el islam y la tradición islámica mantiene que Juan fue uno de los profetas que Mahoma conoció en la noche de Mi'raj82 en su ascensión a los Siete Cielos. Se dice que conoció a Juan y a Jesús en el segundo cielo, donde, tras saludarlo, ascendió con un arcángel hasta el tercer cielo. La historia de Juan también se cuenta durante la migración de refugiados musulmanes a Abisinia.83 Según el Corán, Dios le dio paz a Juan el día que nació y el día que murió. Mandeísmo Los mandeos consideran a Juan el Bautista su principal profeta, y tiene un importante papel en algunos de sus escritos, incluidos el Ginza Rba y el Draša D-Iahia (El libro mandeo de Juan). Los mandeos consideran a Juan como el único mesías verdadero y son contrarios a Jesús. Las escrituras mandeas dicen: «Si el carpintero [Jesús] se unió a Dios, ¿a quién se une el que se une al carpintero?». Bahaísmo El bahaísmo (o fe Bahá'í) considera a a Juan un profeta de Dios que, al igual que otros profetas, fue enviado para promover el conocimiento de Dios, para fomentar la unidad entre los pueblos del mundo y para mostrar a la gente la forma de vida correcta. Hay muchas citas en las escritos de Bahá'u'lláh, fundador de la fe Bahá'í, en las que menciona a Juan el Bautista. En su carta al papa Pío IX, Bahá'u'lláh escribió: ¡Oh, seguidores del hijo! Nosotros hemos enviado a Juan de nuevo entre vosotros, y Él, ciertamente, clama en el desierto de Bayán: ¡Oh, pueblos del mundo! ¡Limpiad vuestros ojos! ¡El día en que podréis contemplar al Prometido y arcercaros a Él se acerca a la noche! ¡Oh, seguidores del Evangelio! ¡Preparad el camino! ¡El Día del advenimiento del Señor Glorioso está a mano! Preparáos para entrar en el Reino. Así ha sido ordenado por Dios, el que da comienzo al alba.88 El bahaísmo considera a Juan un profeta menor.13 Bahá'u'lláh decía que su propio precursor, el Báb, era un regreso espiritual de Juan el Bautista. Bahá'u'lláh se refería a Báb como "Mi Precursor", que es el apodo que los cristianos le dan a Juan el Bautista.89 Sin embargo, el bahaísmo cree que Báb era un profeta mayor (Manifestación de Dios) y, por consiguiente, que estaba dotado de un estatus superior al de Juan el Bautista. Santo patrón San Juan el Bautista es el santo patrón de Jordania.90 Una isla caribeña, llamada Borinquén por los nativos, fue bautizada como San Juan por Cristóbal Colón el 19 de noviembre de 1493 cuando el Almirante navegaba hacia la isla de La Española en su segundo viaje a América.91 En el siglo XVI, Juan Ponce de León fundó la ciudad de Puerto Rico en la isla de San Juan. La ciudad terminó dando nombre a la isla, y la capital pasó a llamarse San Juan de Puerto Rico. En el escudo de la isla está la frase en latín "Joannes Est Nomen Eius" (Juan es su nombre), que aparece en Lucas 6:13. Así mismo, san Juan Bautista es patrón de decenas de municipios y provincias de España (por ejemplo, Salobreña, Badajoz, Chiclana de la Frontera, Albacete, Telde y Arucas, en Gran Canaria, San Juan de la Rambla, Arafo y Arico en Tenerife) e Hispanoamérica. Dentro de las fiestas de San Juan españolas, pueden destacarse las hogueras de San Juan, muy populares en Alicante y La Coruña. También es el santo patrón de la Provincia de Quebec y la de Terranova y Labrador, así como de las ciudades canadienses de San Juan de Terranova (Saint John of Newfoundland) (1497) y de Saint John de Nuevo Brunswick (1604). En Escocia, es patrón de Perth, que a menudo es conocida como Ciudad de San Juan de Perth (St. John's Toun of Perth). La iglesia medieval de la ciudad tiene la advocación de San Juan y el equipo de fútbol local se llama St Johnstone F.C.. También es patrón de Oporto, Portugal, donde la noche de san Juan (del 24 al 24 de junio) tiene lugar uno de los festivales urbanos más conocidos de Europa, la Festa de São João.92 También es patrón de las ciudades italianas de Florencia y Génova. Así mismo, es patrón de Malta y de la localidad de Xewkija, en la isla maltesa de Gozo. Es titular de muchas órdenes y hermandades, como la orden de caballeros hospitalarios de San Juan de Jerusalén. Así mismo, es patrón de la Policía Municipal de Madrid.93 Por la tradición católica española, es patrón de varias ciudades de Filipinas, como Calamba (La Laguna), Calumpit (Bulacán), Balayán (Batangas), Lian (Batangas) y San Juan (Gran Manila). Muchas fiestas filipinas celebran esta festividad con baños multitudinarios. La iglesia de Quiapo de Manila está dedicada a san Juan. También es patrón de la diócesis católica de Charleston, que abarca a toda Carolina del Sur, en Estados Unidos. En México, es patrón de la diócesis de la catedral de Tuxtepec, en el estado de Oaxaca. En España es el patrón de la Provincia Eclesiástica de Mérida-Badajoz y de la ciudad de Badajoz. Y Patrón de la Guardia Real. EN EL CINE: Año Película Director Actores 1953 Salomé William Dieterle Alan Badel 1961 Rey de Reyes Nicholas Ray Robert Ryan 1964 El Evangelio según San Mateo Pier Paolo Pasolini Mario Socrate 1965 La historia más grande jamás contada George Stevens Charlton Heston 1977 Jesús de Nazareth Franco Zeffirelli Michael York 1988 La última tentación de Cristo Martin Scorsese Andre Gregory 2000 Gli amici di Gesù-Maria Maddalena Raffaele Mertes Benjamin Sadler Juan el Bautista, https://es.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Juan_el_Bautista&oldid=118249280 (consultado por última vez septiembre 17, 2019).
These two brothers in Christ were from Edessa in Mesopotamia. After a pilgrimage to Jerusalem they fled the world together; they were tonsured as monks, but soon left their monastery to struggle in prayer near the Dead Sea. Thus they passed thirty years in silence and asceticism. Symeon was then commanded by God to leave the desert and serve God among the world's people. At their parting John said to him: 'Keep your heart from all that you see in the world. Whatever there may be that touches your hand, let it not take hold of your heart. When food passes your lips, let not your heart be sweetened by it. If your feet have to move, let there be peace within you. Whatever you do outwardly, let your mind remain tranquil. Pray for me, that God may not part us from each other in the world to come.' Symeon went to Emesa in Syria, where he spent the rest of his life, feigning madness in order to conceal his holiness from men. But he performed miracles of healing and appeared to people of the city in dreams, calling them to repentance. He was given the gift of discernment of others' inward condition, and while dancing and raving through the streets would approach people, whisper their sins in their ears, and call them to repentance. He reposed peacefully in 590; John, who had remained in the desert, reposed soon afterward.
After the Forerunner was beheaded at the order of Herod and his illicit wife Herodias, his head was discarded in what the Synaxarion calls "an unseemly location," presumably a privy. According to some, it was secretly recovered by Joanna, one of the Myrrhbearing women, and given honorable burial near Jerusalem. There it was found, through a revelation of the Forerunner, by two monks who had come to Jerusalem to worship at the tomb of our Savior (the first finding). Putting the head in a bag, the monks returned home. On the way, they met an indigent potter from Emesa. That night the Forerunner appeared to the poor man and instructed him to make off with the relic. He returned with it to Emesa and immediately began to prosper in his business. Just before he died, he put the holy relic in a chest, which he left to his sister with these instructions: never to open it without instructions from the one hidden inside it; and to pass it on to a pious man beloved of God. Thus the Head of the Baptist passed through many generations, eventually being concealed in a cave near a monastery founded during the reign of Marcian (450-457), whose abbot was the godly Marcellus. The blessed Forerunner appeared several times to Marcellus, embracing him and once even giving him a pot of honey. The Baptist ordered Marcellus to follow a star which led him to the cave and came to rest in front of a niche in the wall. Marcellus dug there and came upon a marble slab, under which was a large jar containing the precious Head. The holy relic was taken with rejoicing to the cathedral in Emesa,where it worked many wonders. In the reign of Michael III (842-867), it was taken to Constantinople. It was at this translation that the present Feast was instituted. The version given here is that of St Symeon Metaphrastes. Other sources give substantially different accounts. The Prologue observes: "It is important and interesting to note that, while he was alive, John did not work a single miracle (Jn 10:41), but to his relics was given the blessed power of working miracles."
Synopsis: After a crushing defeat at the Battle of Emesa, Zenobia retreats to Palmyra. Aurelian has a divine encounter at the Temple of Elah Gabal. “After this, the whole issue of the war was decided near Emesa in a mighty battle fought against Zenobia and […] The post Episode B51 – Emesa first appeared on THE ANCIENT WORLD.
Synopsis: Samsigeramus saves Emesa from Sasanid destruction, then proclaims himself Augustus. The arrival of Valerian marks the end of his reign and the elevation of Odaenathus to provincial governor. “And then there shall be a flight of Romans; and thereafter there shall come the priest […] The post Episode B43 – Sibylline first appeared on THE ANCIENT WORLD.
Synopsis: After the death of Elagabalus, Uranius Antoninus served as High Priest of Elah Gabal in Emesa. From this vantage, he witnessed the birth of Ardeshir’s Persia and the changing fortunes of the Palmyrenes. “Even the name of Tadmor, or Palmyra, by its signification in […] The post Episode B40 – Uranius first appeared on THE ANCIENT WORLD.
Synopsis: Silas guides Emesa in its transition to a pilgrimage site. The death of King Tiridates I of Armenia brings Rome and Parthia into conflict. “(Parthomasiris) greeted him, took off his diadem from his head, and laid it at (Trajan’s) feet. Then he stood there […] The post Episode B22 – Optimus first appeared on THE ANCIENT WORLD.
Eusebius was born ca. 300 C.E. in the Syriac city of Edessa where, according to his biographers, he received his first training in biblical interpretation. He later studied with the other Eusebius in Caesarea and settled in Antioch, in the wake of the Council of Nicaea, before becoming bishop, around 340, of the Syrian city of Emesa (present-day Homs). His Commentary on Genesis, written in Greek but preserved in its entirety only in an Armenian translation, reflects much of his personal life story. Eusebius brings his knowledge of Syriac to the interpretation of the Greek Septuagint text, often in an attempt to uncover nuances in the Hebrew original.The Commentary also reflects Syriac and Antiochene Christianity’s proximity to Judaism. Basing ourselves on a select number of passages, we will explore what the new Commentary has to tell about Judaism and how it relates to early Syriac exegesis (in particular Ephrem) on the one hand and Greek Antiochene exegesis on the other.
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