Podcasts about Yamatai

Où se trouve le mystérieux royaume du Yamatai ? Mentionné dans les chroniques chinoises, ce royaume dirigé par la reine Himiko fascine historiens et archéologues. Était-il le berceau du Japon ancien ou une civilisation disparue engloutie par le temps ? Entre légendes, indices archéologiques et récits ésotériques, partez à la recherche d'un royaume oublié, aux frontières du mythe et de l'histoire.Ouvrez la porte des Mystères avec Arcana Podcast ! Présenté par Ludovic - Arcana ⛎ Soutenir l'émission sur Tipeee : https://www.tipeee.com/arcana-mysteres-du-monde

※スクリプトは⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Japanese with K⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ , Patreon patreon.com/user?u=80021678 にあります。Paid members will have access to English subtitles and Japanese scripts in two versions: one with hiragana and one without.In order to sustain this endeavor,Kei relies on support from all of you. If you enjoy this podcast, please consider supporting Kei!

Que hay Cerveceros !!!!! Hoy les traemos un programa muy sabroso ¿Qué Tomamos? Minerva Vienna - 07:40 Templarske Tajenme Pivo Dark - 09:45 ¿Qué Jugamos? Yamatai - 16:23 Onitama - 23:37 Key to the City London - 29:47 Tsuro - 37:29 El Tema de La Semana Kickstarter - 43:00 Cierre - 1:01

This weeks guest comes to us by way of Yamatai Records all the way from Los Angeles California. There's a reason one of the best labels in DNB right now tapped him to make this mix and carry their flag here in the States. I fully believed he was from the UK...didn't even consider that he might be American. His production values are sonically devastating. Just miles ahead of most. Elite, proper shit for the true heads.His catalogue of unsigned music is fucking wicked. This mixtapes tracklist is fucking mental!  Buckle your seat belts, strap your helmets on and let's prepare for takeoff. Please welcome, Omen. links and tracklist below. please enjoy❤️ Back next week -Thomas https://linktr.ee/OmenAudio?utm_source=linktree_profile_share<sid=4aa331d9-07ab-4a10-9dc8-3cef1215d241 https://lnk.bio/YamataiRecords?fbclid=PAZXh0bgNhZW0CMTEAAaY-GJ5xVmt_5xbkK0dEuDjMEvLQkFVear-e9TnMmvFTVxDzgQUb91Z5SW4_aem_lyQqCwzDUsd20-qbiEGXng Omen - ID Des McMahon - Starcissism (Forthcoming on Forbidden Frequencies) Omen - ID Omen - ID Wingz - Move (USB Exclusive) En:vy - Beautiful Dreamer (Original Mix) Thread - Solace (Original Mix) Des McMahon - Endure (Forthcoming on Momentive) Wingz - Attitude (USB Exclusive) Dub Ten - Backstabbed (Forthcoming on Yamatai) Resslek - Floater (Original Mix) Untrue & Leaf- Few Blocks From Here (Objectiv Remix) (Forthcoming on Yamatai)  Creatures - Easy Sunday (Dub Pack) Geostatic - Fathom (Original Mix) Omen - ID R3IDY - Spindle (Forthcoming on Yamatai) Telm & Wilson - Hounds (Dub Ten Remix) (Forthcoming on Yamatai) Omen - ID Koherent - Dancing Soul (Ill Truth Remix) (Forthcoming on Yamatai) Speaker Louis - Slow Motion [Yamatai Records] Velle - ID gyrofield - Borders (ft. Hallow) (VELLE Remix) Leks - Haven [Yamatai Records] Des McMahon - Spiraling (Forthcoming on Momentive) Leks - Vices (Ill Truth Remix) [Yamatai Records] C-DU - Pepper (Forthcoming on Yamatai) Des McMahon - Bloodshot (Forthcoming on Prestige) Theoretical - Twangy Style - Minor Forms Remix (Forthcoming on Yamatai) C-DU - Context (forthcoming on Yamatai) Leks, Apollo Navigation - Jolly Good Show [Yamatai Records] Regrowth - Nonanom (Forthcoming on Yamatai)  

Amy Chavez speaks with Lesley Downer, an expert on Japanese culture and history who writes both fiction and non-fiction. Her novels transport readers to the intriguing world of 19th-century Japan, while her non-fiction takes us along  the Narrow Road to the Deep North with poet Matsuo Basho; behind the scenes of the Japanese geisha community; and into the intrigues of the richest family in Japan. In this episode, she discusses her just-released The Shortest History of Japan: From Mythical Origins to Pop Culture Powerhouse, which provides a concise yet detailed account of Japanese history.Lesley highlights the significance of historical figures like Himiko, the shaman queen who unified Yamatai, and Empresses Suiko and Koken, who ruled Japan in their own right. She also touches on the feminist movement in Japan, particularly the contributions of Hiratsuka Raicho and Akiko Yosano. Lastly, she shares insights into her writing career, including her transition from nonfiction to fiction and her research on geisha.Lesley mentions Yosano Akiko's poem "Until Death Do Us Part" ("Shini tanoma") which she wrote before her brother went off to war:Until Death Do Us Partby Yosano AkikoThough my body dies,My soul will remain with you.Until the end of time,Let us pledge to be together,Until death do us part.(translation: ChatGPT 4o)Lesley's three favorite books on Japan:1. Japan Journal, 1855-1861 (1964) by Henry Heusken, which covers the author's experiences during his time as the secretary and interpreter for Townsend Harris, the first U.S. Consul General to Japan.2. As We Saw Them: The First Japanese Embassy to the United States (1979) by Masao Miyoshi, about the first Japanese diplomats who visited the United States in 1860.3. Taiko: An Epic Novel of War and Glory in Feudal Japan  (1992) by Yoshikawa Eiij, a historical novel that tells the story of Toyotomi Hideyoshi, one of Japan's greatest warlords and unifiers during the Sengoku period. The Books on Asia Podcast is sponsored by Stone Bridge Press. Check out their books on Japan at the publisher's website.Amy Chavez, podcast host, is author of Amy's Guide to Best Behavior in Japan and The Widow, the Priest, and the Octopus Hunter: Discovering a Lost Way of Life on a Secluded Japanese Island.For more podcast episodes, visit the Books on Asia website or subscribe to the Books on Asia podcast.

We talk about some of favourite artists and some that we have discovered

Ito-koku and Na-koku were the next two countries on the path of the Wei envoys noted in the Gishiwajinden.  They likely refer to the areas known today as Itoshima and Fukuoka, so what do we know about these places in the Yayoi period, and how is it that by the 3rd century Yamato seemed to have taken the foremost position on the archipelago and not one of these other countries, where wet paddy rice agriculture and other continental technologies first arrived in the archipelago. For more see our podcast blog post at: https://sengokudaimyo.com/podcast/itoandna Rough Transcript Welcome to Sengoku Daimyo's Chronicles of Japan.  My name is Joshua, and this is Gishiwajinden Part Five: Ito-koku and Na-koku This episode we are finishing up our Gishiwajinden Tour, focusing on our journey to Ito-koku and Na-koku, or modern day Itoshima and Fukuoka. We'll talk about what we know from the records of these two areas in the Yayoi and early Kofun periods, and then look at some of the later history, with the development of the Dazaifu, the build up of Hakata and Fukuoka, and more.  A key thread through all of this will be our discussion about why it was Yamato, and not these early states, who eventually became paramount.  If this is where things like wet paddy rice agriculture started, and they had such close ties to the continent, including sending a mission to the Han dynasty, why did the political center shift over to Yamato, instead?  It is certainly something to wonder about, and without anything written down by the elites of Na and Ito we can only really guess based on what we see in the histories and the archaeological record. We ended our tour in Na for a reason: while the Gishiwajinden—the Japanese section of the Wei Chronicles—describes the trip from the continent all the way to Yamatai, the locations beyond Na are largely conjecture.  Did ancient travelers continue from Na along the Japan Sea coast up to Izumo and then travel down somewhere between Izumo and Tsuruga to the Nara Basin?  Or did they travel the Inland Sea Route, with its calmer waters but greater susceptibility to pirates that could hide amongst the various islands and coves?  Or was Yamatai on the island of Kyushu, and perhaps the name just happens to sound similar to the Yamato of Nara?  Unfortunately, the Wei Chronicles have more than a few problems with accuracy, including problems with directions, meaning that at most we have some confidence in the locations out to “Na”, but beyond that it gets more complicated.  And even “Na” has some questions, but we'll get to that later. Unlike the other points on our journey, we didn't stay overnight at “Ito-koku”, , and we only briefly stayed at Na—modern Fukuoka, but I'll still try to give an account of what was going on in both places, and drawing on some past visits to the area to fill in the gaps for you.   Both the Na and Ito sites are believed to be in the modern Fukuoka prefecture, in Itoshima and Fukuoka cities.  Fukuoka prefecture itself actually spans all the way up to the Shimonoseki straits and includes the old territory of Tsukushi—Chikuzen and Chikugo—as well as the westernmost part of Buzen, the “closer” part of the old land of “Toyo” on the Seto Inland Sea side of Kyushu.  When it comes to locating the country of Ito-koku, we have lots of clues from current place names.  The modern Itoshima peninsula, which, in old records, was known as the country of Ito, and was later divided into the districts of Ito and Shima.  Shima district, at the end of the peninsula, may have once been an island—or nearly so.  It is thought that there was a waterway between the two areas, stretching from Funakoshi bay in the south to Imazu Bay, in the north, in Fukuoka proper.  Over time this area was filled in with deposits from the local rivers, making it perfect for the Yayoi style wet rice paddy agriculture that was the hallmark of the growth in that period.  And indeed there are certainly plenty of Yayoi and Kofun era ruins in the area, especially in eastern reaches of the modern city of Itoshima, which reside in the valley that backs up to Mt. Raizan.  There you can find the Ito-koku History Museum, which tells much of the story of Ito. The Weizhi, or the Wei Chronicles, note that Ito-koku had roughly a thousand households, with various officials under their own Queen, making it one of the few Wa countries that the Chroniclers specifically noted as being a “kingdom”, though still under the nominal hegemony of the queen of Yamatai or Yamateg.  If you continue eastward along the coast from Itoshima, you next hit Nishi-ku, the Western Ward, of modern Fukuoka city, which now continues to sprawl around Hakata Bay.  Nishi-ku itself used to also be known as “Ito”, though spelled slightly differently, and you can still find Ito Shrine in the area. So was this part of Ito-koku also? It's very possible.   Na-koku, or the country of Na, was probably on the eastern edge of modern Fukuoka, perhaps around the area known as Hakata down to modern Kasuga.  Much like in Karatsu, this area features some of the earliest rice fields ever found in Japan – in this case, in the Itazuke neighborhood, just south of Fukuoka airport.  The land here is mostly flat, alluvial plains, formed by the rivers that empty out into Hakata Bay, another great area for early rice agriculture. Locating the country of Na is interesting for several reasons.  For one, unlike all of the other Wei Chronicles sites we've mentioned, there is no clear surviving placename that obviously matches up between “Na” and the local area.  It is a short enough name that it may simply be difficult to distinguish which “Na” is meant, though there is a “Naka” district in Kasuga that may show some promise.  There certainly is evidence for a sizeable settlement, but that's much more tenuous than the placenames for other areas, which remained largely in use in some form up to the modern day, it would seem. The name “Na” shows up in more than just the Weizhi, and it is also mentiond in the Houhan-shu, or the Record of the Later Han, a work compiled later than the Weizhi, but using older records from the Late Han dynasty period.  There it is asserted that the country of Na was one of the 99 some-odd countries of Wa, and they sent an embassy to the Later Han court, where they received a gold seal made out to the “King of Na of Wa”.  We talked about this in Episode 10: The Islands of the Immortals: That seal, made of gold, was seemingly found in the Edo period—1784, to be precise.  A farmer claimed to have found it on Shika island, in Hakata Bay, which is quite prominent, and connected to the mainland with a periodically-submerged causeway.  The description of the find—in a box made up of stones, with a large stone on top that required at least two men to move it—seems like it could have been an old burial of some kind.  The island certainly makes sense as an elite burial site, overlooking Hakata Bay, which was likely an important feature of the lifeways of the community.  While there have been questions about the authenticity of the seal, if it is a forgery, it is quite well done.  It looks similar to other Han era seals, and we don't really have a way to date the gold it is made of.  Without the actual context we can't be quite sure. This certainly seems like pretty strong evidence of the country of Na in this area, somewhere – probably not on the island itself, then close by.So unless something else comes along, I think we can say that this is at least the vicinity of the old country of Na.  Okay, so now that we've talked in general about where these two places were, let's go back and look at them in more detail. The Ito-koku site is just up the coast from where we stayed for Matsuro-koku, in Karatsu, which all makes sense from the position of the Chronicles in that it says the early envoys traveled overland from one place to the other.  Of course it also says they traveled southeast, which is not correct as the route is actually northeast.  However, they had traveled southeast from the Korean peninsula to Tsushima and then Iki and Matsuro, so that direction was well established, and this is an easy enough error that could have been made by the actual envoys or by later scribes, as it would be a one character difference. For Ito-koku, as with Matsuro-koku, we have no large, reconstructed sites similar to Harunotsuji on Iki or Yoshinogari, further inland in Saga prefecture, where we have an entire, large, so-called “kingly” settlement.  There is evidence of settlements, though, both near the major burial sites as well as around the peninsula.  And as for those burial sites, well, Ito has a few, and they aren't merely important because of their size.  Size is often an indication of the amount of labor that a leader must have been able to mobilize, and so it can be used to get a general sense of the power that a given leader or system was able to wield, as they could presumably turn that labor to other users as well. However, it is also important to look at other factors, like burial goods. What kind of elite material was the community giving up and placing with the deceased? That is the case with the first site we'll discuss, the Hirabaru burial mound.  At first glance it isn't much—a relatively unassuming square mound, about 12 by 14 meters, and less than 2 meters in height.  It was discovered in 1965 by a farmer who started digging a trench to plant an orchard and started pulling up broken pieces of a bronze mirror, one of the first clues that this was someone important.  They later found various post holes around the site, suggesting that it was more than just an earthen mound, and as they excavated the site they found pottery, beads, mirrors, and more. Let's start with those post-holes.  It looks like there was at least one large pillar set up due east of the burial.  We don't know how tall it was, but it was likely of some height given the size of the pillar hole—I've seen some estimates that it could have been up to 70 meters tall.  A tall pole would have provided visibility, and it may also be significant that it was east, in the direction of the rising sun.  We know that the ancient Wa had a particular connection with the sun, and this may be further evidence of that.  There are other holes that may be a gate, and possible a storehouse nearby, presumably for various ritual items, etc.  Suddenly, even without knowing exactly what was there, we start to see a picture of a large, manmade complex that seems to be centered on this burial and whomever is there. On top of that, there was a mirror in the tomb that was larger than any other ever found in Japan at that time—certainly the largest round mirror of that period.  It is not one of the triangular rimmed mirrors that Yamato is known for, but may have been part of another large cache brought over from the mainland.  About 40 mirrors in total, many of them very large, were found buried in the tomb, some of which appear to have been broken for some reason.  Furthermore, the large mirrors appear to fit within the dimensions given the Great Mirror—the Yata no kagami—housed at the sacred Ise Shrine.  There is a document in 804, the “Koutai Jingu Gishiki Chou”, detailing the rituals of Ise shrine, which describes the sacred mirror sitting in a box with an inner diameter of 1 shaku, 6 sun, and 3 bu, or approximately 49.4 centimeters, at least using modern conversions.  The same measurements are given in the 10th century Engi Shiki.  So we can assume that the mirror in Ise, which nobody is allowed to actually see, let alone measure, is smaller than that, but not by much, as the box would have been made to fit the mirror, specifically.  It isn't like you can just grab a box from Mirror Depot.  The mirrors found at Hirabaru Mound measure 46.5 centimeters, and have a floral pattern with an eight petaled flower on the back.  Could this mirror be from the same mold or the same cache, at least, as the sacred mirror at Ise?  At the very least, they would seem to be of comparable value.   In addition, there were many beads, jars, etc.  Noticeably absent from the burial were swords and weapons.  Based on this, some have argued that this was the burial of a queen of Ito-koku.  There is evidence that this may be the case, but I don't think the presence of weapons, or the lack thereof, is necessarily a good indicator. After all, we see in the old stories that women were also found wielding swords and leading troops into battle. So it's dangerous to make assumptions about gender based on this aspect alone. I wonder if the Hirabaru tomb assemblage might have more to do with something else we see in Yamato and which was likely applicable elsewhere in the archipelago: a system of co-rulership, where one role might have to do more with administrative and/or ritual practice, regardless of gender. This burial assemblage or mirrors and other non-weapons might reflect this kind of position. The Weizhi often mentions “secondary” or “assistant” positions, which may have truly been subordinate to a primary ruler, or could have just been misunderstood by the Wei envoys, who saw everything through their particular cultural stratification.  In a similar fashion, early European explorers would often name people “king”—from the daimyo of Sengoku era Japan to Wahunsenacawh, known popularly as “Powhatan” for the name of his people, on what would become known as North America.  That isn't to say that these weren't powerful individuals, but the term “king” comes with a lot of Eurocentric assumptions and ideas about power, stratification, etc.  Is there any reason to believe that the Wei envoys and later chroniclers were necessarily better at describing other cultures? And of course we don't have any physical remains of the actual individual buried there, either. However, there is a good reason to suggest that this may have been a female ruler, and that *is* because of something in the Weizhi, which specifically says that the people of Ito lived under the rule of a female king, aka a queen, using a description not unlike what is used for Queen Himiko.  In fact, Ito gets some special treatment in the record, even though it isn't the largest of the countries.  Let's look at those numbers first: Tsushima is said to have 1,000 households, while Iki is more like 3,000.  Matsuro is then counted at 4,000 families, but Ito is only said to have 1,000, similar to Tsushima.  Just over the mountains and along the Bay, the country of Na is then counted at a whopping 20,000 households, so 20 times as many.  These numbers are probably not entirely accurate, but do give an impression of scale, at least. But what distinguishes Ito-koku in this is that we are told that it had a special place for envoys from the Korean peninsula to rest when they came.  It makes you wonder about this little place called Ito. Hirabaru is not the only kingly tomb in the area.  Walk about 20 to 30 minutes further into the valley, and you might just find a couple of other burials—in particular Mikumo-Minami Shouji, discovered in 1822, and Iwara-Yarimizo, which includes artifacts discovered in the 1780s in the area between Mikumo and Iwara as they were digging a trench.  Based on evidence and descriptions, we know that they pulled out more bronze mirrors and other elite goods indicative of the late Yayoi paramounts. In these areas they have also found a number of post holes suggesting other buildings—enough to perhaps have a relatively large settlement. As noted earlier, we do not have a reconstructed village like in Harunotsuji or Yoshinogari, given that these are private fields, so the shape of the ancient landscape isn't as immediately impressive to people looking at the area, today.  The apparent dwellings are largely found in the triangle created between two rivers, which would have been the water source for local rice paddies.  The tombs and burials are found mostly on the outskirts, with the exception of the kingly burial of Mikumo-Minami Shouji.  This is also interesting when you consider that the later Hirabaru mound was situated some distance away, raising a bunch of questions that we frankly do not have answers for. The area of these ruins is not small.  It covers roughly 40.5 hectares, one of the largest Yayoi settlements so far discovered.  Of course, traces of other large settlements—like something in the Fukuoka area or back in Yamato—may have been destroyed by later construction, particularly in heavily developed areas.  This is interesting, though, when you consider that the Weizhi only claimed some 1,000 households. There are also other graves, such as various dolmens, across Ito and Shima, similar to those found on the peninsula, and plenty of other burials across both ancient districts.  And as the Yayoi culture shifted, influence of Yamato can be seen.  While Ito-koku clearly had their own burial practices, which were similar to, but not exactly like, those in the rest of the archipelago, we can see them start to adopt the keyhole style tomb mounds popular in Yamato. During the kofun period, the area of Itoshima built at least 60 identified keyhole shaped tombs, with a remarkable number of them from the early kofun period.  Among these is Ikisan-Choushizuka Kofun, a large, round keyhole tomb mound with a vertical stone pit burial, estimated to have been built in the latter half of the 4th century.  At 103 meters in length, it is the largest round keyhole tomb on the Genkai coast—that is to say the northwest coast of Kyushu. All of these very Yamato-style tombs would appear to indicate a particular connection between Ito and  Yamato—though what, exactly, that looked like is still up for debate.  According to the various early Chronicles, of course, this would be explained because, from an early period, Yamato is said to have expanded their state to Kyushu and then even on to the Korean peninsula.  In particular, the Chronicles talk about “Tsukushi”, which is both used as shorthand for the entirety of Kyushu, while also indicating the area largely encompassing modern Fukuoka prefecture.  On the other hand, this may have been a sign of Ito demonstrating its own independence and its own prestige by emulating Yamato and showing that they, too, could build these large keyhole tombs.  After all, the round keyhole shape is generally thought to have been reserved, in Yamato, for members of the royal family, and Ito-koku may have been using it similarly for their own royal leaders.  It may even be something in between—Ito-koku may have recognized Yamato's influence and leadership, but more in the breach than in actuality.  Afterall, until the standup of things like the various Miyake and the Dazai, we aren't aware of a direct outpost of the Yamato government on Kyushu.  The Miyake, you may recall, were the ”royal granaries”, which were basically administrative regions overseeing rice land that was directly controlled by Yamato, while the Dazai was the Yamato government outpost in Kyushu for handling continental affairs.  On top of a lack of local control in the early Kofun, the Weizhi appears to suggest that the Yamato paramount, Himiko, was the “Queen of the Wa” only through the consensus of other polities, but clearly there were other countries in the archipelago that did not subscribe to her blog, as it were, as they were in open conflict with Yamato.  This all leads into something we've talked about in the main podcast at various times, but it still bears discussing:  How did Yamato, over in the Nara Basin, become the center of political life in the Japanese archipelago, and why not somewhere in Kyushu, like ancient Na or Ito?  While we don't entirely know, it is worth examining what we do and some of the factors that may have been in play.  After all, Kyushu was the closest point of the main Japanese islands to the mainland, and we see that the Yayoi culture gets its start there.  From there, Yayoi culture spread to the east, and if we were to apply similar assumptions as we do on the spread of the keyhole shaped kofun, we would assume that the culture-givers in the west would have held some level of prestige as groups came to them to learn about this new technology, so why wasn't the capital somewhere in Kyushu?  We likewise see other such things—Yayoi pottery styles, fired in kilns, rather than open fired pottery; or even bronze items brought over from the continent.  In almost every instance, we see it first in Kyushu, and then it diffuses eastward up to the edge of Tohoku.  This pattern seems to hold early on, and it makes sense, as most of this was coming over from the continent. Let's not forget, though, that the Yayoi period wasn't simply a century: by our most conservative estimates it was approximately 600 years—for reference, that would be roughly equivalent to the period from the Mongol invasions up to the end of the Edo period, and twice as long as the period from Mimaki Iribiko to the Naka-no-Oe in 645, assuming that Mimaki Iribiko was ruling in the 3rd century.  So think about all that has happened in that time period, mostly focused on a single polity, and then double it.  More recent data suggests that the Yayoi period may have been more like an 1100 to 1300 year range, from the earliest start of rice cultivation.  That's a long time, and enough time for things in the archipelago to settle and for new patterns of influence to form.  And while Kyushu may have been the first region to acquire the new rice growing technology, it was other areas around the archipelago that would begin to truly capitalize on it. We are told that by the time the Wei envoys arrived that the state of Yamato, which we have no reason not to believe was in the Nara Basin, with a focus on the area of modern Sakurai, had approximately 70,000 households.  That is huge.  It was larger than Na, Ito, and Matsuro, combined, and only rivaled in the Weizhi by Touma-koku, which likely referred to either the area of Izumo, on the Japan Sea coast, or to the area of Kibi, along the Seto Inland Sea, both of which we know were also large polities with significant impact in the chronicles.  And here there is something to consider about the Yayoi style agriculture—the land determined the ultimate yield.  Areas with more hills and mountains are not as suited to wet rice paddy agriculture.  Meanwhile, a flat basin, like that in Yamato, which also has numerous rivers and streams draining from the surrounding mountains into the basin and then out again, provided the possibility for a tremendous population, though no doubt it took time to build. During that time, we definitely see evidence of the power and influence of places like Na and Ito.  Na sent an embassy to the Han court—an incredible journey, and an indication of not only their interest in the Han court and continental trade, but also their ability to gather the resources necessary for such a journey, which likely required some amount of assistance from other, nearby polities.  Na must have had some sway back then, we would assume. Meanwhile, the burial at Ito shows that they were also quite wealthy, with clear ties to the continent given their access to large bronze mirrors.  In the absence of other data, the number and size of bronze mirrors, or similar bronze items, likely only useful for ritual purposes, indicates wealth and status, and they had some of the largest mirrors as well as the largest collection found for that period.  Even into the stories in the Nihon Shoki and the Kojiki we see how mirrors, swords, and jewels all are used a symbols of kingship.  Elite status was apparently tied to material items, specifically to elite trade goods.  Assuming Yamato was able to grow its population as much as is indicated in the Weizhi, then by the 3rd century, they likely had the resources to really impress other groups.  Besides things like mirrors, we can probably assume that acquisition of other goods was likewise important.  Both Ito and Yamato show evidence of pottery shards from across the archipelago, indicating extensive trade networks.  But without any other differentiating factors, it is likely that Yamato, by the 3rd century, at least, was a real powerhouse.  They had a greater production capacity than the other states listed in the Weizhi, going just off of the recorded human capital. And this may answer a question that has been nagging me for some time, and perhaps others:  Why did other states acquiesce to Yamato rule?  And the answer I keep coming back to is that it was probably a combination of wealth, power, prestige, ritual, and time. For one thing, wealth: Yamato had it.  That meant they could also give it.  So, if Yamato was your friend, you got the goods, and you had access to what you need.  You supported them, they could help you with what you needed.  These transactional alliances are not at all uncommon, and something I think most of us can understand. There is also power—specifically military power.  With so many people, Yamato would likely have been a formidable threat should they decide that violence was the answer.  That said, while we read of military campaigns, and no doubt they did go out and fight and raid with the best of them, it's expensive to do so.  Especially exerting control over areas too far out would have been problematic, especially before writing AND horses.  That would be costly, and a drain on Yamato's coffers.  So while I do suspect that various military expeditions took place, it seems unlikely that Yamato merely bested everyone in combat.  Military success only takes you so far without constant maintenance. And so here is where I think prestige and ritual come into play.  We've talked about how Yamato did not exactly “rule” the archipelago—their direct influence was likely confined to the Kinki region for the longest period of time.  And yet we see that they influenced people out on the fringes of the Wa cultural sphere: when they started building large, keyhole shaped kofun for their leaders, and burying elites only one to a giant mound, the other areas of Japan appear to have joined in.  Perhaps Yamato was not the first to build a kofun for a single person, but they certainly were known for the particular shape that was then copied by so many others.  But why? We don't know for certain, but remember that in Yamato—and likely the rest of the Wa cultural sphere—a large part of governance was focused on ritual.  The natural and what we would consider the supernatural—the visible and invisible—worked hand in hand.  To have a good harvest, it required that workers plant, water, harvest, etc. in the right seasons and in the right way.  Likewise, it was considered equally important to have someone to intercede with the kami—to ensure that the rains come at the right time, but not too much, and a host of other natural disasters that could affect the crop. And if you want to evaluate how well ritual works, well, look at them.   Are you going to trust the rituals of someone whose crops always fail and who barely has a single bronze mirror?  Or are you going to trust the rituals of someone with a thriving population, multiple mirrors, and more?  Today, we might refer to this as something like the prosperity gospel, where wealth, good health, and fortune are all seen as stemming from how well one practices their faith, and who's to say that back in the day it wasn't the same?  Humans are going to human, after all. So it makes sense that one would give some deference to a powerhouse like Yamato and even invite their ritualists to come and help teach you how it is done.  After all, the local elites were still the ones calling the shots.  Nothing had really changed. And here is where time comes in.  Because over time what started as an alliance of convenience became entrenched in tradition.  Yamato's status as primus inter pares, or first among equals, became simply one of primus.  It became part of the unspoken social contract.  Yamato couldn't push too hard on this relationship, at least not all at once, but over time they could and did demand more and more from other states. I suspect, from the way the Weizhi reads, that Yamato was in the early stages of this state development.  The Weizhi makes Queen Himiko feel like something of a consensus candidate—after much bickering, and outright fighting, she was generally accepted as the nominal paramount.  There is mention of a male ruler, previously, but we don't know if they were a ruler in Yamato, or somewhere else, nor if it was a local elite or an earlier paramount.  But not everyone in the archipelago was on board—Yamato did have rivals, somewhere to the south (or north?); the directions in the Weizhi are definitely problematic, and it may refer to someone like the Kuma or Kumaso people in southern Kyushu or else people that would become known as the Emishi further to the east of Yamato. This lasted as long as Yamato was able to continue to demonstrate why they were at the top of this structure.  Theoretically, anyone else could climb up there as well, and there are certainly a few other powerful states that we can identify, some by their mention and some by their almost lack of mention.  Izumo and Kibi come to mind almost immediately. The Weizhi makes it clear that Himiko's rule was not absolute, and part of her reaching out to the Wei in the first place may have been the first attempt at something new—external validation by the continent.  A large part of international diplomacy is as much about making people believe you have the power to do something as actually having that power.  Getting recognition from someone like the Wei court would further legitimize Yamato's place at the top of the heap, making things easier for them in the long run. Unfortunately, it seems like things did not go so smoothly, and after Himiko's death, someone else came to power, but was quickly deposed before a younger queen took over—the 13 year old Toyo.  Of course, the Wei and then the Jin had their own problems, so we don't get too many details after that, and from there we lose the thread on what was happening from a contemporary perspective.  Instead, we have to rely on the stories in the Nihon Shoki and Kojiki, which are several hundred years after the fact, and clearly designed as a legitimizing narrative, but still present us something of a picture.  We don't see many stories of local elites being overthrown, though there do seem to be a fair number of military campaigns.  Nonetheless, even if they were propped up by Yamato, local elites likely had a lot of autonomy, at least early on, even as they were coopted into the larger Yamato umbrella.  Yamato itself also saw ups and downs as it tried to figure out how to create a stable succession plan from one ruler to the next.  At some point they set up a court, where individuals from across the archipelago came and served, and they created alliances with Baekje, on the peninsula, as well as with another polity which we know of as Nimna.  Through them, Yamato continued to engage with the continent when the dynastic struggles there allowed for it.  The alliance with Baekje likely provided even more legitimacy for Yamato's position in the archipelago, as well as access to continental goods. Meanwhile the court system Yamato set up provided a means for Yamato to, itself, become a legitimizing factor. Hierarchical differences in society were already visible in the Yayoi period, so we can generally assume that the idea of social rank was not a new concept for Yamato or the other Wa polities.  This is eventually codified into the kabane system, but it is probably likely that many of the kabane came about, originally, as titles of rank used within the various polities.  Yamato's ability to claim to give—or even take away—that kabane title, would have been a new lever of power for Yamato.  Theoretically, other polities could just ignore them and keep going on with their daily lives, but if they had already bought into the social structure and worldview that Yamato was promoting, then they likely would have acquiesced, at least in part, to Yamato's control. Little by little, Yamato's influence grew, particularly on those closer to the center.  Those closer, and more affected, started to listen to Yamato's rules about kofun size and shape, while those further on the fringes started to adopt Yamato's traditions for themselves, while perhaps maintaining greater independence. An early outlier is the Dazai.  It is unclear whether this was forcibly imposed on the old region of Na and nearby Ito, or if it was more diplomatically established.  In the end, though, Yamato established an outpost in the region early on, almost before they started their practice of setting up “miyake”, the various royal granaries that appear to have also become local Yamato government offices in the various lands.  The Dazai was more than just a conduit to accept taxes in the form of rice from various locals—it was also in charge of missions to the continent.  Whether they were coming or going, military or diplomatic, the Dazai was expected to remain prepared.  The early iterations were likely in slightly different locations, and perhaps not as large, but still in roughly the area near modern Fukuoka and Dazai.  This was a perfect place not only from which to prepare to launch or receive missions from the continent, but also to defend the nearby Shimonoseki straits, which was an important entryway into the Seto Inland Sea, the most direct route to Naniwa and the Yamato court. The first iterations of direct Yamato control in Tsukushi—modern Fukuoka—claim to have been focused largely on being a last point to supply troops heading over to fight on the peninsula, not unlike the role of Nagoya castle on the Higashi-Matsuura peninsula in the 16th century.  Over time, though, it grew into much more.  The Weizhi, for its part mentions something in the land of Ito, where there were rooms set up for envoys from the continent, but the Dazai was this on steroids. Occasionally we see evidence of pushback against Yamato's expansion of powers.  Early on, some states tried to fool the envoys into thinking that they were Yamato, perhaps attempting to garner the trade goods for themselves and to take Yamato's place as the interlocutor between the Wa polities and the continent.  We also see outright rebellions—from Iwai in Kyushu, in the 6th century, but also from various Emishi leaders as well.  The Iwai rebellion may have been part of the impetus for setting up the Dazai as a way to remotely govern Tsukushi—or at least help keep people in line.  For the most part, though, as time goes by, it would seem that Yamato's authority over other polities just became tradition, and each new thing that Yamato introduced appears to have been accepted by the various other polities, over time.  This is likely a much more intricate process than even I'm describing here, but I'm not sure that it was necessarily a conscious one; as the concept of Yamato as the “paramount” state grew, others ceded it more and more power, which only fed Yamato's self-image as the paramount state.  As the elites came under the Yamato court and rank system, they were more closely tied to it, and so Yamato's increased power was, in a way, passed on to them as well.  At least to those who bought in. By the 5th century, we know that there were families sending people to the court from as far away as Hi no Kuni in Kyushu—near modern Kumamoto—and Musashi no Kuni in the east—including modern Saitama.  All of that said, while they may have subordinated themselves to Yamato in some ways, the various polities still maintained some independent actions and traditions.  For example, whatever their connection to Yamato, the tombs at Itoshima also demonstrate a close connection to the peninsula.  The horizontal entry chamber style of tomb—something we saw a lot in Iki, and which seems to have been introduced from the continent—started to become popular in the latter half of the 4th century, at least in the west of the archipelago. This is well before we see anything like it in Yamato or elsewhere, though it was eventually used across the archipelago.  Itoshima appears to have been an early adopter of this tomb style, picking it up even before the rest of the archipelago caught on, making them the OG horizontal chambers, at least in Japan. Ultimately, the image we have of Ito-koku is of an apparently small but relatively influential state with some influence on the cross-strait trade, with close ties to Yamato. The history of the region seems a bit murky past the Kofun period.  There are earthworks of an old mountain castle on Mt. Raizan that could be from the Asuka period, and in the 8th century the government built Ito castle on the slopes of Mt. Takaso, possibly to provide some protection to the Dazaifu, which was the Yamato outpost in Kyushu, and eventually became the main administrative center for the island.  It seems, then, that whatever power the country of Ito may have once had, it was subsumed by the Dazai, which was built a little inland, east of the old Na territory.  Furthermore, as ships grew more seaworthy over time, they could make the longer voyages straight to Iki or Tsushima from Hakata.  For the most part, the area of the Itoshima peninsula seems to have been merely a set of districts in the larger Tsukushi and then the Chikuzen provinces.  The area of Na, meanwhile, which is said to have had 20,000 households in the 3rd century—much larger than nearby Ito—was completely eclipsed by the Dazaifu after the Iwai rebellion.  After the fall of Baekje, the Dazaifu took on even greater administrative duties, and eventually took over all diplomatic engagement with the continent.  They even set up a facility for hosting diplomatic envoys from the continent.  This would come to be known as the Kourokan, and they actually found the ruins of it near the site where Maizuru castle was eventually built in what is now Chuo-ku, or the central ward, of Fukuoka city. From the Heian period onwards, the Harada family eventually came to have some power in the area, largely subordinate to others, but they built another castle on Mt. Takaso, using some of the old Ito Castle earthworks, and participated in the defense of the nation during the Mongol invasions. The Harada family rose briefly towards the end of the Sengoku Period, pushing out the Otomo as Hideyoshi's campaign swept into Kyushu.  They weren't quite fast enough to join Hideyoshi's side, though, and became subordinate to Kato Kiyomasa and eventually met their end during the Invasions of Korea. The Ito district at some point after that became part of the So clan's holdings, falling under Tsushima's purview, along with a scattering of districts elsewhere, all likely more about the revenue produced than local governance.  In the Edo period, there were some efforts to reclaim land in Imazu bay, further solidifying links with the Itoshima peninsula and the mainland, but that also fits in with the largely agricultural lifestyle of the people in the region.  It seems to have remained largely a rural backwater up into modern times, when the Ito and Shima districts were combined into an administrative district known as “Itoshima city”. Meanwhile, the Dazaifu continued to dominate the region of modern Fukuoka.  Early on, worried about a Silla-Tang alliance, the Yamato state built massive forts and earthworks were built around the Dazaifu to protect the region from invasion.  As the Tang dynasty gave way to the Song and Yuan dynasties, however, and the Heian court itself became more insular, the Dazaifu's role faded, somewhat.  The buildings were burned down in the 10th century, during the failed revolt of Fujiwara no Sumitomo.  The government never rebuilt, and instead the center of regional government shifted to Hakata, closer to the bay. Appointed officials to the Dazai were known as the Daini and the Shoni.  Mutou Sukeyori was appointed as Dazai Shoni, the vice minister of the Dazaifu, in the late 12th century.  Though he had supported the Taira in the Genpei wars, he was pardoned and made the guardian of Northern Kyushu, to help keep the region in check for the newly established Kamakura Bakufu.  He would effectively turn that into a hereditary position, and his family became known as the “Shoni”, with their position eventually coming to be their family name.  They would provide commendable service against the Mongol invasion, and eventually became the Shugo Daimyo over much of western Kyushu and the associated islands, though not without pushback from others in the region. Over time, the power of the Shoni waned and various other daimyo began to rise up.  The chaos of the Sengoku period saw the entire area change hands, back and forth, until Hideyoshi's invasion of Kyushu.  Hideyoshi divided up control of Kyushu, and Chikuzen, including the areas of Hakata and modern Itoshima, was given to Kobayakawa Takakage.  Hideyoshi also began to redevelop the port of Hakata.  After the battle of Sekigahara, Kobayakawa Hideaki, Takakage's adopted son and nephew to the late Hideyoshi, was transferred to the fief of Okayama, and the area of modern Fukuoka city was given to Kuroda Nagamasa, creating the Fukuoka Han, also known as the Kuroda Han. Nagamasa would go on to build Maizuru Castle on the other side of the Naka river from the port of Hakata, creating two towns with separate administration, each of which fell under the ultimate authority of the Kuroda.  Hakata, on the east side of the river, was a city of merchants while Fukuoka was the castle town, and largely the domain of samurai serving the Kuroda.  The Kuroda would remain in control of the Fukuoka domain through the Edo period, and only lost control at the very start of the Meiji, as the domain system in general was dissolved. Over that time, Hakata remained an important port city, and the samurai of Fukuoka were known for maintaining their martial traditions. In the Meiji era, samurai from the Kuroda Han joined with other Kyushu samurai, rising up during Saigo Takamori's rebellion.  Later, it would be former samurai and others from Fukuoka who would form the Gen'yosha, an early right wing, nationalist organization that would greatly influence the Japanese government heading into the latter part of the 19th and early 20th century. But that is getting well into more modern territory, and there is so much else we could discuss regarding the history of this area, and with any luck we will get to it all in time.  For now, this concludes our Gishiwajinden Tour—we traveled from Kara, to Tsushima and Iki, and then on to Matsuro, Ito, and Na.  From here the envoys traveled on to Fumi, Toma, and then Yamato.  Fumi and Toma are still elusive locations, with various theories and interpretations as to where they were.   For us, this was the end of our journey. Next episode we will be back with the Chronicles and getting into the Taika era, the era of Great Change.  There we will really see Yamato starting to flex its administrative muscles as it brings the various polities of the archipelago together into a single state, which will eventually become known as the country of Nihon, aka Japan. Until then, thank you for listening.  If you like what we are doing, tell your friends and feel free to rate us wherever you listen to podcasts.  If you feel the need to do more, and want to help us keep this going, we have information about how you can donate on Patreon or through our KoFi site, ko-fi.com/sengokudaimyo, or find the links over at our main website, SengokuDaimyo.com/Podcast, where we will have some more discussion on topics from this episode. Also, feel free to reach out to us at our Sengoku Daimyo Facebook page.  You can also email us at the.sengoku.daimyo@gmail.com.  Thank you, also, to Ellen for their work editing the podcast. And that's all for now.  Thank you again, and I'll see you next episode on Sengoku Daimyo's Chronicles of Japan.

Moving on with our third part of the Gishiwajinden Tour, we head to the old area of Matsuro, which, for us, means modern Karatsu.  Here we have some of the oldest rice paddies in all of Japan, but Karatsu is so much more.  It was part of Matsura, where the Matsura family (aka league, factions, or pirates, depending on how you saw it) arose.  It is also a short hop from Nagoya, which briefly became the capital of Japan; Nagaoka-kyo gets a mention in the histories, but Nagoya rarely merits it, since it was just the Taiko and every actually important person minus the Tenno. For more photos and others such things, check out: https://www.sengokudaimyo.com/podcast/matsuro-koku/   Rough Transcript: Welcome to Sengoku Daimyo's Chronicles of Japan.  My name is Joshua and this is Gishiwajinden Tour, Part Four:  Matsuro-koku So far on this tour through the locations listed in the Weizhi's Wa Record, the Gishiwajinden, following the route to Queen Himiko of Wa, we've hit the area of Gaya, or Gara; Tsushima—or Tuma-koku; Iki, aka Iki-koku; and now we are arriving at Karatsu, thought to be the location of Maturo-koku. Now before we go any further, let's talk about the name.  After all, up to this point in the account, the names haven't been too far off.  Well, Tsushima was recorded as something like Tuma in the Chinese record, which seems reasonable, and “Iki” was actually recorded as something like “I-dai”, though we are pretty sure that was a transcription error based on other evidence. But Karatsu and Maturo, really don't seem related.  Also, didn't we earlier equate Matsuro with Matsuura, Matsura?  But if you look for Matsuura on a map it is quite some distance away from Karatsu—in fact, it is in modern Nagasaki prefecture as opposed to Karatsu, which is in modern Saga prefecture. First off, Karatsu is a later name for the city, not the area.  It literally means “Tang Port”, and that name seems to appear in the 15th century in the form of Karatsu Jinja, or Karatsu Shrine.  So no, the names Karatsu and Matsuro are not related.  Prior to being called Karatsu, though, it was part of a larger area called Matsura.  It sits at the head of the Matsura River, which spills out into what is now called Karatsu Bay.  In ancient times this seems to have been the heart of the area known as Matsura or Matsuro.  Over time it was incorporated into the larger area known as Hi no Kuni, and when Hi no Kuni was divided up by the Ritsuryo state into Hizen and Higo, we see the Matsura district, or Matsura-gun, is a part, along the coast.  The fact that it is spelled as “Matsu” and “Ura”, meaning “pine beach”, might hint at the original name of the place or could be a false etymology, imposed by the need to record the location in kanji, the Sinitic characters used at the time.  Fun fact time:  Hizen refers to the area of the land of Hi that was closer to Yamato, while Higo refers to the area of the land of Hi that was further away.  If you look at a modern map of where these two ancient provinces were, however, you'll notice that by a slight technicality, Higo is actually closer, as the crow flies.  But remember, people are not crows, at least not in this life, and in all likelihood, most of the travel to and from Yamato would have been via sea routes.  So Hizen is closer to Yamato from that perspective, as you would have to sail from Higo, around Hizen, or take the long way south around Kagoshima. But where were we? So Matsura district in Hizen started at Matsura-gawa and the area around Karatsu bay, and included modern areas of Hirado all the way out to the Goto islands.  That was a pretty large area.  It later got further subdivided into East, West, North, and South Matsura subdistricts, with Karatsu in the Eastern subdistrict, and some portion of the west.  Eventually, Karatsu city became its own administrative district, in modern Saga prefecture, and so did Hirado city, in what was the old Northern Matsura sub-district, joining Nagasaki prefecture.  The western sub-district went to Karatsu or incorporated as Imari, known for their Imari-ware pottery.  And that left a small portion of the northern sub-district. The incorporated villages and islands eventually came together as Matsuura city, in Nagasaki prefecture, which is what you'll see, today.  And that is why, looking at a modern map, “Matsura” and modern “Matsuura” are not precisely in the same place. That history also helps demonstrate the historical connections between Karatsu, Hirado, Iki, and Tsushima—as well as the Goto islands.  This region was where the Matsura clan arose, which controlled at least out to Iki, Hirado, and the Goto archipelago, and it was known for its strong navy, among other things. For our trip, heading to Karatsu was originally borne out of convenience:  Our goal was to take the ferry so that we could travel along the ocean routes.  We had traveled the route from Izuhara, on Tsushima, to Ashibe port, on Iki island.  During that trip it was interesting to watch as Tsushima disappeared and then eventually Iki appeared on the horizon, but it wasn't immediate, and I suspect you would have wanted an experienced crew who knew the route and knew what to look for.  Conversely, from Indoji port, on Iki, to Karatsu I felt like we were constantly in sight of one island or another, or at least could see the mountains of Kyushu to get our bearings.  There wasn't really a time that felt like we were that far out from land.  Even so, it would still have been a treacherous crossing back in the day. Coming in to Karatsu from the ferry, the first thing you will notice is the castle.  Karatsu castle, also known as Maizuru Castle, is a reconstructed castle, but it really does provide a clear view of what one would have seen.  The original was abandoned in the Meiji period and sold off in 1871.  The main keep was later demolished and made into a park.  In 1966 they built a new, 5-storey keep on the original base, and from 1989 onward have continued to make improvements to various parts of the castle moats and walls.  You can still see the layout of the Ninomaru and honmaru sections of the castle, encompassing the old samurai districts of the jokamachi, or castle town, of Karatsu during the Edo period. Our primary goal in Karatsu, however, was not castle focused.  We wanted to go back to an earlier time – the Yayoi period, to be precise - and Karatsu and the Matsuro-kan did not disappoint.  While not quite as extensive as the reconstruction at other Yayoi sites like Harunotsuji or Yoshinogari, the site at the Matsuro-kan is still impressive in its own right. What is the Matsuro-kan, you might ask?  It is the building and grounds of what is also known as the Nabatake site.  In 1980, construction workers were excavating for a road through the Nabatake section of Karatsu when they noticed they were pulling up artifacts.  An investigation between 1980 to 1981 determined that the artifacts were from the late Jomon to middle Yayoi period.  Further investigation discovered the presence of old rice paddies.  In 1983 the site was designated as a national historic site, further excavations were carried out, and the Matsurokan was built to house the artifacts and also provide some reconstructions of what the rice paddies would have looked like.  For context these are some of the oldest rice paddies found in Japan, along with the nearby Itazuke rice paddies, in neighboring Fukuoka prefecture, and are key for giving us insights into what we know about early rice field cultivation. Here I should point out that these fields were in use through the middle Yayoi period, while the mission to Yamato—or Yamatai—recorded in the Weizhi would have been in the late Yayoi or early Kofun period, so likely several hundred years later.  There are other Yayoi settlement remains found up and around the peninsula, and there are Kofun in the area, especially along the banks of the Matsura river.  Given how built up much of the area is, it is possible that any large scale settlement may have been destroyed by subsequent settlements, or is somewhere that there just hasn't been a good reason for a full excavation.  Still, who knows what we might eventually find.    The Matsurokan appears to stick with the dating of the Yayoi period from about 300 BCE.  This is based largely on assumptions regarding the development of different pottery styles.  Recent research has suggested that this should be pushed back to about 800 or even 1000 BCE, suggesting a more gradual development.  For our purposes, it is enough to note that this site appears to cover from the final Jomon era in Kyushu to the coming of wet rice agriculture with the advancing Yayoi culture. Based on what was found at the site, the wet rice paddies were created in what at least one scholar has suggested as a “primitive” wet rice paddy.  The paddies themselves appear to have been placed in a naturally swampy area, irrigated by a natural stream.  This would have made flooding the fields relatively simple, without the large ponds or waterworks required to cover a more extensive area.  This may have sufficed for a small village, possibly only a handful of families living together and working the land. Besides the impressions of the paddies themselves, various tools, pottery, and more were also found at the site.  Stone harvesting knives were plentiful—a semicircular stone knife that was held in the fingers of one hand, allowing a harvester to grasp the stalks and cut them quickly.  This was the standard method of harvesting prior to the arrival of the sickle, or kama, and is still in use in some parts of China and Southeast Asia.  It is more labor intensive than the sickle, but provides some benefits in the consistency and lack of waste product. The Matsurokan demonstrates how a lot of the Yayoi tools are, in fact, still in use in one form or another in different cultures that also absorbed rice cultivation, showing how widespread it became. In addition, there are artifacts such as shards of pottery showing what looks to be the imprint of a woven fabric, and various equipment for weaving and sewing.  We have some beams and posts from buildings, which give us something at least try to guess at how things were put together. There are bones of various animals as well as stone arrowheads.  There are also fish and even dugong bones, suggesting they also made a living from the nearby sea.  And there are various bits of jewelry, including magatama, and what appears to be a shark's tooth with holes drilled in so it could be worn on a cord.    There are also carbonized rice grains found at the site, likely grown there. We don't have any ancient strains of rice that can be proven to come from these fields, but in their reconstruction, outside the museum, they have rebuilt some of the rice fields and grow old rice variants in them.  This is used, in part, to teach local schoolchildren about rice cultivation – in fact, local schools are allocated individual paddies each growing season. Besides the rice paddies, the Matsurokan also boasts several reconstructed dwellings.  These are similar to ones you might find elsewhere depicting what life was like back in the Yayoi period. As the Yayoi period gave way to the kofun, we do see some mounded tombs in the area, though not quite as many as in others.  Matsura appears to be rather rural. Around the Heian period, we see the rise of a local group that comes to be known as the Matsura group, or Matsura-tou, which eventually consolidated into the Matsura family.  There are several lineages claiming that the Matsura family descended from the Minamoto or Abe clans or through branch families thereof.  Matsura-to itself is sometimes called the 48 factions of Matsura.  It wasn't as much a family as an alliance of local warriors, each with their own base of operations.  I can't quite tell if the lineage of the later Matsura clan, as they were known, were meant to represent a single lineage or the various lineages that came together.  For all we know, they may have married into official families or otherwise concocted lineages to help legitimize them as much as anything else—this far out from the center, in the 11th century, there wasn't necessarily as much oversight. Early in the 11th century they also had a chance to prove themselves with the Toi invasion – that was the Jurchen invasion we mentioned last couple episodes.  After the Toi invaders attacked Tsushima and Iki, they set their sites on Hakata Bay, which was the closest landing to the Dazaifu, the Yamato government in Kyushu.  They were chased off and headed down the coast.  Minamoto Tomo is said to have led the forces that repelled the Toi invaders, who finally departed altogether, striking one more time on Tsushima before heading back to wherever they came from. Minamoto Tomo is said, at least in some stories, to have been the founder of the Matsura clan, or at least the leader of the 48 factions, which then coalesced into the Matsura clan, which eventually would run the Hirado domain. Over two hundred and fifty years after the Toi Invasion would come the Mongols.  If the Toi were bad, the Mongols were much worse.  The Toi were a band of marauders, who caused a lot of havoc, but do not appear to have had state backing.  The Mongols were perhaps more appropriately the Yuan empire, who had already conquered the Yellow river valley and were working on the Song dynasty along the Yangzi.  While the Toi had brought with them Goryeo warriors as well—who may or may not have joined up willingly—the Mongols had huge armies from all over that they could throw at a problem. As we talked about in the past two episodes, the Mongols swept through Tsushima and Iki and then headed straight for Hakata, the closest landing zone to the Dazaifu, the government outpost in Kyushu.  Even during the height of the Kamakura shogunate, this was still an important administrative center, and would have given the Mongols a huge advantage on holding territory and eventually sweeping up the archipelago. Fortunately, they were stopped.  Whether it was the gumption, skill, and downright stubbornness of their samurai foes or the divine wind that swept up from the ocean, the Mongols were turned back, twice. During each of these invasions, the Matsura clan and others rushed to the defense of the nation, but unlike with the Toi invasions, there do not appear to have been any serious battles along the Matsuura coastline—not that I can make out, anyway. After the Mongol invasion, Kyushu was not left out of the troubles that would follow, including the downfall of the Hojo, the rise of the Ashikaga, and the eventual breakdown of the shogunal system into the period known as the Warring States period.  Through it all the Matsura continued to ply the seas and encourage the trade from which they and others, like the Sou of Tsushima, came to depend on.  They also allied with other entrepreneurial seafarers, known to others as pirates, and they started trading with a group of weird looking people with hairy beards and pale skin, who came to be known as the Nanban, the southern barbarians—known to us, primarily, as the Portuguese. One faction of the Matsura were the Hata—no relation to the Hata that set up in what would become the Kyoto region in the early periods of Yamato state formation.  The Hata ruled the area that would become Karatsu, but eventually they were taken over by the Ryuzoji, who were allied with Toyotomi Hideyoshi. Hideyoshi's interest in the Karatsu and Matsura area had to do with its easy access to the continent.  And so Hideyoshi began to pay attention to Nagoya, at the end of the peninsula down from Karatsu.  And no, not *that* Nagoya.  If you hear Nagoya, today, you are probably talking about the bustling metropolis in Aichi, which was where Toyotomi himself got his start, growing up and going to work for the local warlord, named Oda Nobunaga.  Due to a quirk of Japanese names and how they read particular characters, this is a different Nagoya. The Kyushu Nagoya had been one of the Matsura trading posts, run by a sub-branch of the Hata family, who had built a castle on the site.  Hideyoshi had much grander plans for the area.  In 1591 he began work on a massive castle and associated castle town.  This castle was to be his new headquarters, and he moved his entire retinue there from Osaka, with an expectation that all of the daimyo would follow him.  Sure enough, they showed up with their own vassals, setting up camps around the peninsula and in the new city-to-be. The castle was the base of operations from which Hideyoshi coordinated the invasions of Korea.  It was a massive undertaking, and extremely impressive.  The city itself sprung up, and although the wood was still new, and the buildings somewhat hastily put together, it was soon a bustling metropolis and briefly became the center of art and culture in the entire archipelago. Hideyoshi himself had a teahouse built within the confines of the castle, where he apparently spent most of his days, even when receiving reports on how things were going across the sea on the archipelago.  The city had a Noh theater, as well.  It must have been a sight to see. As for the castle itself, based on the remains, it was massive.  It appears to use the contours of the hill upon which it sits.  It seems there was a previous castle there of some kind, and it is unclear how much this was merely expanded, but Hideyoshi's new castle was truly monumental, with a labyrinth of gates to get in -- similar  to Himeji Castle, for anyone who has been there, but with a serious vertical incline as well.  Nagoya Castle was second only to Osaka castle, and yet it was erected quickly—only 8 months.  I guess that's what you can do when you can mobilize all of the daimyo across Japan.  Even today, ruined as it is, the walls tower over you, and you can spend hours wandering the grounds. For all that it was impressive, the good times at Nagoya Castle lasted only for a brief seven years—when Hideyoshi passed away, the council of regents moved back to Osaka, and Nagoya castle was deliberately destroyed, stones removed from the walls such that it could never survive a true siege. This was a sign to the Korean peninsula – the Joseon court - that, with the death of the taiko, Japan had given up any pretext of conquering the peninsula. Today, only the stones and earthworks remain of the briefly thriving city, but on the grounds is a wonderful museum that catalogs this particular slice of Medieval life.  The Nagoya Castle Museum of Saga prefecture is off the beaten path—there is no train, so you'll need to take a bus or private car to get there—but it is well worth it. The museum itself is dedicated to Japanese and Korean cross-strait relations, which feels a bit like atonement given that the castle was built with conquest in mind. Of course, the centerpiece of the Museum is the castle, but it also does a good job telling the story of relations between the peninsula and the archipelago.  It starts in the ancient times, talking about how, even during the Jomon period, there were commonalities in fishhooks and similar equipment found from Kyushu up through the Korean peninsula.  From there, of course, trade continued, as we've seen in our journey through the Chronicles.  It talks about some of the shared cultural items found from the Yayoi through the Kofun, and also demonstrates how some of the earliest Buddhist statues have clear similarities to those found in Silla.  It goes over the various missions back and forth, and even gives a map of the Toi Invasion that we talked about hitting Tsushima and Iki. The Mongol invasion is also heavily talked about, but not nearly so much as the invasion of Korea.  There is another reproduction of the letter of King Sejeong, with the faked seal from the Sou clan in Tsushima.  This of course, was the period when they built Nagoya-jo into a castle and city of at least 100,000 people, almost overnight.  Even the Nanban were there, trading in the city while supplies from across the country were gathered and shipped off to keep troops fed on the invasion of Korea. There are plenty of images from this time—from a Ming envoy to Nagoya castle to images of the invasion from the Korean perspective, with Koreanized samurai manning the walls of the castles they had taken.  They don't exactly lionize the samurai, but they don't accentuate some of the more horrific things, either, like the piles of ears taken from those killed because taking their heads, as was standard practice in older days, was too cumbersome. There is also some discussion of relations afterwards—of the Joseon embassies, though those went through Hakata, Nagoya-jo having long been abandoned at that point.  For reasons one can probably understand, it doesn't go into the post-Edo relations, as that is much more modern history. After the destruction of Nagoya castle, the area was largely abandoned, but the city of Karatsu proper really thrived during the Edo period.  Karatsu was also a castle town, as we've mentioned, but a bit out of the way.  As sailing ships were now more sturdy and able to handle longer sea crossings, it was now often Hakata, in Fukuoka, that received much of the trade, and the Dutch traders who had replaced the Portuguese, were limited to Dejima, in Nagasaki. When Hideyoshi swept through, the Hata were not exactly considered trustworthy, and were placed under the Nabeshima, a branch of their rivals, the Ryuzouji.  During the invasion of Korea, the Hata rebelled, and were destroyed for it in 1593.  Their territory was given to Terazawa Hirotaka, who had been put in charge of the construction of Nagoya castle and later put in charge of the logistics for the invasion effort from the Kyushu side.  As a result, he was granted the lands formerly controlled by the Hata, including Karatsu, and what would become the Karatsu domain. Hirotaka could see which way the wind blew—in more ways than one.  After Hideyoshi's death, he supported Tokugawa Ieyasu, allowing him to keep and even expand his fief.  He redirected the Matsura river—then known as the Hata river—to its present course, and he built a pine grove along the northern beach that is the third largest such grove in all of Japan.  Known as the “Niji no Matsubara”, or the ”Rainbow Pine Forest” for its shape, it was erected as a windbreak to protect the precious farmland just on the other side.  It is still there today, still managed, and quite famous.  You can drive through the pine trees or stop and walk through them, even out to the beach.   And there is even a fantastic burger truck that parks along the main road through the pine grove, so you can enjoy a lovely picnic among the trees. The Terazawa would not remain in place for very long.  During the Shimabara rebellion of the early 17th century—a rebellion based on either taxes or Christianity, depending on whom you ask—the Terazawa line was extinguished.  Terazawa Katataka, then ruler of the Karatsu domain, was held liable for mismanagement of the domain and loss of a castle to the rebels.  He had land confiscated and he felt publicly humiliated, and so he took his own life while he was in Edo.  As he had no heir, the Terazawa line died out. Karatsu domain went through a variety of hands after that.  Its value fluctuated, but it is generally thought that the real value of the domain, thanks to the ability to trade, was well beyond what it was assessed to produce.  As such it was a lucrative position, and also held sway as a check against Nagasaki, watching the trade there with the Dutch merchants.  Because of all of this, the lord of Karatsu was also banned from holding certain government positions, so as not to distract from their duties, making the position something of a blessing and a curse. Through the years, Karatsu thrived.  They were and are still known for a type of traditional pottery, known as Karatsumono, or Karatsuware, and they maintain elaborate festivals.  One of the festivals, the Karatsu Kunchi, is considered a UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage.The Karatsu Kunchi is an annual parade where neighborhood associations carry giant floats through the city from Karatsu Shrine down to the shore.  It was inspired, in the early 19th century, by the famous Gion Matsuri of Kyoto—a wealthy merchant saw that and donated the first lion-head float to Karatsu Shrine.  Later, others would create their own floats. These floats, known as “Hikiyama” or “pulled mountains” can be five or six meters high and weigh anywhere from two to five tons.  There appear to be 14 hikiyama, currently, though there used to be 15—a black lion is currently missing.  The floats have gone through a few iterations, but are largely the same, and often have some relationship to the neighborhoods sponsoring them. From Matsura, aka Matsuro-koku, we went north along the coast of Kyushu to Itoshima, thought to the be old country of Ito-koku, and beyond that, the Na-koku of Fukuoka.  We'll cover both of those in our next and final installment of our Gishiwajinden tour. If you like what we are doing, tell your friends and feel free to rate us wherever you listen to podcasts.  If you feel the need to do more, and want to help us keep this going, we have information about how you can donate on Patreon or through our KoFi site, ko-fi.com/sengokudaimyo, or find the links over at our main website, SengokuDaimyo.com/Podcast, where we will have some more discussion on topics from this episode. Also, feel free to reach out to us at our Sengoku Daimyo Facebook page.  You can also email us at the.sengoku.daimyo@gmail.com.  Thank you, also, to Ellen for their work editing the podcast. And that's all for now.  Thank you again, and I'll see you next episode on Sengoku Daimyo's Chronicles of Japan.

An account of our recent tour of the sites mentioned in the Gishiwajinden, which is to say the Japanese portion of the Weizhi.  This episode we talk about our visit to Gimhae, site of ancient Geumgwan Gaya. For more see our podcast blog:  https://sengokudaimyo.com/podcasts/episode-geumgwangaya Rough Transcript   Welcome to Sengoku Daimyo's Chronicles of Japan.  My name is Joshua and this is Gishiwajinden Self-Guided Tour: Geumgwan Gaya. For the next several episodes we are taking a bit of a detour from the narrative of the Chronicles.  After all, with the coup of 645 that we covered a couple of episodes ago, we are about to dive into the period known as “Taika” or “Great Change”.  Prince Naka no Oe and Nakatomi no Kamako were not just assassins—they had plans that went beyond just cutting the head off the powerful Soga house.  It's an eventful time, with a lot of changes, though some of those would take time to really come to fruition and before I get into all of that there is a bit more research that I want to do to figure out the best way to lay that out for you.  And so I figured we would take a little detour for a few episodes, to share with you a special trip that Ellen and I recently took, reproducing – in a modern way – some of the earliest accounts we have about crossing over to the archipelago: the Gishiwajinden, the Japanese section of the Weizhi.  We talked about this chronicle back in episode 11: it describes all the places one would stop when leaving the continent, from kingdoms on the peninsula and across the smaller islands of the archipelago before landing in what we currently call Kyushu. And Ellen and I did just that: we sailed across the Korean straits, from the site of the ancient kingdom of Gaya in modern Gimhae, to the islands of Tsushima and Iki, then on to modern Karatsu and Fukuoka, passing through what is thought to be the ancient lands of Matsuro, Ito, and Na.  It was an incredibly rewarding journey, and includes plenty of archaeological sites spanning the Yayoi to Kofun periods—as well as other sites of historical interest.  It also gets you out to some areas of Japan and Korea that aren't always on people's list, but probably should be.  So for this first episode about our “Gishiwajinden Jido Toua” – our Gishiwajinden Self-Guided Tour – we'll talk about the historical sites in Gimhae, the site of ancient Geumgwan Gaya, but also some of the more modern considerations for visiting, especially on your own. By the way, a big thank you to one of our listeners, Chad, who helped inspire this trip.  He was living on Iki for a time and it really made me think about what's out there. This episode I'll be focusing on the first place our journey took us, Gimhae, South Korea.  Gimhae is a city on the outskirts of modern Pusan, and home to Pusan's international airport, which was quite convenient.  This is thought to be the seat of the ancient kingdom of Gaya, also known as “Kara” in the old records.  In the Weizhi we are told of a “Guyahan”, often assumed to be “Gaya Han”, which is to say the Han—one of the countries of the peninsula—known as Guya or Gaya.  This is assumed to mean Gaya, aka Kara or Garak, and at that time it wasn't so much a kingdom as it was a confederation of multiple polities that shared a similar material culture and locations around the Nakdong river.  This is the area that we believe was also referenced as “Byeonhan” in some of the earliest discussions of the Korean peninsula. By the way, while I generally believe this area was referred to as “Kara”, “Gara”, or even “Garak”, originally, the modern Korean reading of the characters used is “Gaya”, and since that is what someone will be looking for, that's what I'll go with. History of the Korean peninsula often talks about the “Three Kingdoms” period, referencing the kingdoms of Baekje, Silla, and Goguryeo.  However, that is a very simplistic view of the ancient history of the archipelago.  Numerous small polities existed without a clear, persistent overlord outside of those three larger polities, and even they were not always quite as grand as the later histories would like to make them out to be. Gaya is often referred to as the “Gaya Confederacy” by modern historians, at least for most of its existence, and refers to a number of polities including Daegaya, Ara, etc., and may also include “Nimna”, though where exactly that was is a topic of great debate, with some claiming that it was just another name for what later was known as Geumgwan Gaya, and other suggestions that it was its own polity, elsewhere on the coast.  This isn't helped by the nationalist Japanese view that “Nimna” was also the “Mimana Nihonfu”, or the Mimana controlled by Japan, noted in the Nihon Shoki, and used as the pretext for so many of the aggressions perpetrated on the continent by Japan. These all appear to have been individual polities, like small city-states, which were otherwise joined by a common culture. Although the Samguk Yusa mentions “King Suro” coming in 42 CE, for most of its history there wasn't really a single Gaya state as far as we can tell.  It is possible that towards the 5th and early 6th centuries, Geumgwan Gaya had reached a certain level of social complexity and stratification that it would classify as a “kingdom”, but these definitions are the kinds of things that social scientists would argue about endlessly. Evidence for a “Kingdom” comes in part from the way that Geumgwan Gaya is referenced in the Samguk Sagi and other histories, particularly in how its ruling elite is referred to as the royal ancestors of the Gimhae Kim clan.  Proponents also point to the elaborate graves, a large palace site (currently under excavation and renovation), the rich grave goods found in the tombs thought to be those of the royal elites, etc.  Other scholars are not so sure, however, and even if there was a nominal kingdom, it likely did not last very long before coming under the rule of Silla in the 6th century. Unlike the other kingdoms—Baekje, Silla, and Goguryeo; the “Samguk”, or three countries, of the “Samguk Sagi”—Gaya does not have its own record in the histories.  The Samguk Yusa, which is of interest but also problematic in that it was clearly more about telling the miraculous tales of Buddhism than a strictly factual history, does have a bit about Gaya.  The author of the Samguk Yusa, the monk  Ilyeon, claimed that the information there was pulled from a no longer extant record called the Gayakgukki, or Record of the Gaya Kingdom, but the actual stories are not enough to tell us everything that happened.  Most of what we know comes from members of the Gaya Confederacy popping up in the records of other nations, including Baekje, Silla, Goguryeo, and Yamato.  For example, there are references in the Gwangaetto Stele from the 5th century, as well as plenty of references in the Nihon Shoki and the records in the Samguk Sagi.  This is a little bit better than some of the other groups mentioned as being on the Korean peninsula that are often referred to only one time before being completely forgotten. For us, the importance of Gaya is its links with Yamato.  Although it would seem that Nimna, in particular, had close ties with Yamato it is noteworthy that the Japanese word for the continent and things that would come from there—including the later Tang dynasty—is “Kara”.  “Kara-fu” generally refers to something that comes from China, but only because those things originally came through the peninsula and through Kara, or Gaya.  The port on Kyushu where the goods likely arrived before continuing up to modern Fukuoka is even today known as “Karatsu”, or “Kara Port”.  This lends credence to the idea that Nimna was likely at least a member of the Gaya confederacy. There are also deep similarities in many material items found in the peninsula and in the area of the Nakdong peninsula, including pottery, armor, horse gear, etc.  At the very least this indicates a close trading relationship, and combined with the account in the Weizhi, emphasizes the idea that this was likely the jumping off point for missions to the archipelago and vice versa. Perhaps more controversial is the idea that at least some members of the Gaya Confederacy, or the Byeonhan cultural group before it, may have been speakers of some kind of proto-Japonic.  There are also some that suggest there may have been ethnic Wa on the peninsula at an early point as well.  However, I would note that the Weizhi refers to this area specifically as being part of the “Han”, and that it was the jumping off point to find the lands of the Wa and eventually the lands of Yamato (or Yamatai), so make of that what you will.  All of this is well after the introduction of rice cultivation in Japan, focusing on the 3rd century onward, roughly corresponding to what we think of as the Kofun Period in Japan, and which was also a period of ancient mound-building on the Korean peninsula as well. All that aside, it is clear that Gaya was an important part of the makeup of the early Korean peninsula, and that much of that history is on display in modern Gimhae. Gimhae is one of plenty of places on the Korean peninsula for anyone with an interest in ancient history.  Besides the various museums, like the National Museum in Seoul, there are sites like Gyeongju, the home of the tombs of the Silla kings and the ancient Silla capital, and much more. Gimhae itself is home to the Royal Gaya Tombs, as well as archaeological remnants of an ancient settlement that was probably at least one of the early Gaya polities.  As I noted, Gimhae is more accurately the site of what is known in later historical entries as Geumgwan Gaya.  The earliest record of the Weizhi just says something like “Gü-lja-han” which likely means “Gaya Han”, or Gaya of Korea, referring at the time to the three Han of Mahan, Jinhan, and Byeonhan.  That may or may not have referred to this particular place, as there are other Gaya sites along the coast and in the upper reaches of the Nakdong river.  However, given its placement on the shore, the site at Gimhae seems to have a good claim to be the point mentioned in the Wei Chronicles, which is why we also chose it as the first site on our journey. The characters for “Gimhae” translate into something like “Gold Sea”, but it seems to go back to the old name:  Geumgwan, as in Geumgwan Gaya.  It is part of the old Silla capital region.  “Geum” uses the same character as “Kim”, meaning “Gold” or “Metal”.  This is also used in the popular name “Kim”, which is used by several different lineage groups even today.  The “Sea” or “Ocean” character may refer to Gimhae's position near the ocean, though I don't know how relevant that was when the name “Gimhae” came into common usage. The museums and attractions around Gimhae largely focus on the royal tombs of the Geumgwan Gaya kingdom, which in 2023 were placed, along with seven other Gaya tomb sites, on the UNESCO list of world heritage sites.  Since they're so newly added, we did not see the kind of omnipresent UNESCO branding that we are used to seeing elsewhere, such as Nikko Toshogu or Angkor Wat, but taxi drivers certainly knew the UNESCO site and museum. For anyone interested in these tombs and in Gaya's early history, there are two museums you likely want to visit.  First off is the National Museum, which covers a wide swath of history, with tons of artifacts, well laid out to take you through the history of the Gaya Confederacy, from early pre-history times through at least the 7th century.  There is also a separate museum that specifically covers the Daeseong-dong tombs, which lay upon a prominent ridge on the western side of the city, north of a Gaya era settlement with a huge shell midden found at Bonghwang-dong, to the south, nearby an ongoing excavation of a potential palace site. These museums have some excellent displays, including pottery, metalwork, horse gear, armor, and even parts of an ancient boat.  As I noted earlier, these show a lot of similarity to items across the strait in the archipelago, though it is clear that Gaya had a lot more iron than their neighbors —in fact, they had so much that they would often line the bottom of tombs with iron ingots.  The displays emphasize that Gaya was really seen as a kind of ironworking center for the region, both the peninsula and the archipelago. The tombs, likewise, have some similarity to those in the archipelago—though not in the distinctive, keyhole shape.  Early tombs, from the 1st to 2nd century, were simply wooden coffins dug in a pit with a mound on top.  This became a wooden lined pit, where bodies and grave goods could be laid out, and then, in the 3rd century, they added subordinate pits just for the various grave goods.  In the 5th century this transitioned to stone-lined pit burial, and in the 6th century they changed to the horizontal entry style stone chamber tomb, before they finally stopped building them.  These seem to be similar to what we see in Silla, with wooden chamber tombs giving way to the horizontal entry style around the 5th and 6th centuries.  Meanwhile, Baekje and Goguryeo appear to have had horizontal style tombs for some time, and that may have been linked to Han dynasty style tombs in the area of the old Han commanderies—which I suspect might have spread with the old families of Han scribes and officials that were absorbed into various polities.  It is interesting to see both the similarities and differences between Gaya and Wa tombs in this period, particularly the transition to the horizontal entry style tombs, which I suspect indicates an outside cultural influence, like that of Silla—something that would also influence the burials in the archipelago.  At first, in the 4th to 5th centuries, we just see these style tombs starting to show up in Kyushu, particularly in the area of modern Fukuoka—one of the areas that we will hit at the end of this journey from the peninsula to the archipelago.  That may be from contact with Baekje or Goguryeo, or even from some other point, it is hard to tell.  By the 6th century, though, just as Silla and Gaya were doing, it seems that all of the archipelago was on board with this style of internal tomb structure. Another tomb style you can find in Gimhae is the dolmen.  These are megalithic—or giant rock—structures where typically a roof stone is held up by two or more other large stones.  In some cases these may have been meant as an above-ground monument, much like a structure such as Stonehenge.  On the other hand, in some cases they are the remains of a mound, where the mound itself has worn away.  Unfortunately, there was not as much information on them—it seems that dolmens were originally used before the mounded tomb period, but just what was a free-standing dolmen and what was an internal mound structure exposed by the elements I'm not sure I could say. If you visit the Daeseong-dong tombs, one of the things you may notice is the apparent lack of a tomb mound.  The attached museum explains much of this, though, in that over time the wooden pit-style tombs would often collapse in on themselves.  That, plus erosion and continued human activity in an area would often mean that, without upkeep, there would eventually be no mound left, especially if it wasn't particularly tall to start with. In an example where something like this might have happened, there is at least one tomb in the group that was clearly dug down into a previous burial chamber.  The excavators must have realized they were digging into another tomb, given that they would have pulled up numerous artifacts based on what was later found at the site, but they still carried on with the new tomb, apparently not having any concern for the previous one.  After all, there was only so much room up on the ridge for burials, at least towards the later periods.  This pair of “interlocking” tombs is housed inside a building with a viewing gallery, so you can see their layout and how the grave goods would have been arranged in period. One tomb that apparently kept a mound of some kind would appear to be that attributed to King Suro.  King Suro is the legendary founder of Geumgwan Gaya, mentioned in the 13th century Samguk Yusa, which was using an older record of the Gaya Kingdom as their source.  The area where the tomb is found is said to match up with the description in the Samguk Yusa, but I could find no definitive evidence of a previous tomb or what style it was—let alone the question of whether or not it was the tomb of King Suro of Geumgwan Gaya.  It was still a very impressive compound, though it seems most of the buildings are likely from a much more recent era. I suspect that King Suro remained an important story for the Gimhae Kim clan.  That clan, as mentioned earlier, claimed descent from the Kings of Geumgwan Gaya, of whom King Suro was supposedly the first. It is noteworthy that the Kim family of Geumgwan Gaya, known as the Gimhae Kim clan, was granted a high rank in Silla because they claimed descent from the “Kings” of Geumgwan Gaya.  As such Munmyeong, the sister of Kim Yusin, the general who helped Silla take over the peninsula, was apparently considered an appropriate consort to King Muyeol, and her son would become King Munmu.  This brought the Gimhae Kim clan into the Gyeongju Kim clan of Silla. Kim Busik, who put together the Samguk Sagi, was a member of the Gyeongju Kim clan, which claimed descent from those same kings.  He had plenty of reason to make sure that the Silla Kings looked good, and may have also had reason to prop up the leaders of Geumgwan Gaya as well, given the familial connections.  That said, there do seem to be some impressive tombs with rich grave goods, so there is that. In 1580 we are told that Governor Kim Heo-su, who counted himself a descendant of the Gimhae Kim clan, found the tomb of King Suro and repaired it, building a stone altar, a stone platform, and a tomb mound.  It is unclear from what I can find, though, just what he “found” and how it was identified with what was in the Samguk Yusa.  Even if there was something there, how had *that* been identified?  There seems to be plenty of speculation that this is not the actual resting place of the legendary king, Kim Suro, but it is certainly the place where he is worshipped.  The tomb was apparently expanded upon in later centuries, and today it is quite the facility, though much of it seems relatively recent, and hard to connect with the actual past. More important for that is probably what was found at Bonghwang-dong.  On this ridge, south of the tomb ridge, were found traces of buildings including pit style dwellings along with post-holes, indicating raised structures of some sort.  Today you can go and see interpreted reconstructions, based in part on some pottery models that had also been found from around that period.  Reconstructed buildings sit on either side of a hill, which is the main feature of a modern park.  It is a good place to get a sense of what was around that area, and you can hike to the top of the hill, which isn't that difficult a journey.  The trees do obstruct the view, somewhat, but you get a great sense for what a community there might have been like.  As I mentioned before, there is also a large excavation being carried out on what is believed to be some kind of royal palace structure, but unfortunately we likely won't know much more until later. Also next to the settlement is a giant shell mound.  We are talking over a football field long and several stories high of shells and bone, along with discarded pottery and other such things.  Unfortunately, for whatever reason, the contents of the shell mound appear to have been mixed at various stages, but it is still impressive, and they have an excellent display where you can see the mound cut away to demonstrate what a shell mound might look like. The shell mound apparently existed from the 1st to the 4th centuries.  This feels odd to me, given that I normally think of shell mounds as more connected to Jomon and similar sites, but it also makes sense that a community—particularly one with easy access to the sea—would have a lot of shells and it isn't like they had trash collectors coming to take away their garbage. Which brings me to another point:  Back in its heyday, Geumgwan Gaya was clearly on or very near the sea.  In modern times you can certainly see islands off the coast from the tops of some of these hills—and from the top of a mountain one might even make out Tsushima on a clear day.  However, today that ocean is several miles out. Back in the time of the Geumgwan Gaya, however, things were likely different.  The Nakdong river would have emptied out to the east into a large bay, with Geumgwan Gaya sitting comfortably at its head, with mountains on three sides and the ocean on the fourth.  This would have made it a great as a port town, as it not only had access to the Korean straits and the Pacific Ocean, but it also sat at the head of the river that connected many of the sites believed to be related to the ancient Gaya confederacy. Over time, however, the bay silted up, and/or sea levels dropped, and the area that would become the heart of modern Gimhae would find itself farther and farther away from the ocean, through no fault of their own.  That must have put a damper on their trade relationships, and I can't help but wonder if that was one of the reasons they eventually gave in to Silla and joined them. With its place at the head of the Nakdong river, Silla's control of Geumgwan Gaya likely made the rest of the Gaya polities' absorption much more likely, as most of the Gaya polities appear to have been laid out around the Nakdong river.  That would have been their lifeline to the ocean and maritime trade routes.  Without a cohesive state, they may not have been able to resist the more organized and coordinated armies of groups like Silla and Baekje, eventually falling under Silla's domain. Unfortunately, there doesn't seem to be much online in English about Gimhae beyond the ancient connection to Geumgwan Gaya.  Specifically, I didn't find a lot of clear historical information about the city after coming under Silla rule.  It was apparently one of the “capitals” of the Silla region under Later or Unified Silla.  Though Silla tried to form the people of the three Han of Baekje, Goguryeo, and Silla into a unified state, its central authority would eventually break down.  Baekje and Goguryeo would be briefly reconstituted before the Later Goguryeo throne was usurped by a man who would be known as Taejo, from Gaesong.  He would lead the first fully successful unification effort, and from the 10th century until the 14th the state was known as “Goryeo”, from which we get the modern name of “Korea”.  Goryeo started in Gaesong, but also rebuilt the ancient Goguryeo capital at Pyongyang, both up in what is today North Korea.  It eventually came under the thumb of the Mongol Yuan dynasty, and when that dynasty was overthrown by the Ming, Goryeo experienced its own instability, resulting in the Joseon dynasty, which moved the capital to the area of modern Seoul.  Given modern tensions between North and South Korea, I suspect that there is a fair bit of politics still wrapped up in the historiography of these periods, especially with each modern state having as their capitals one of the ancient capital city sites. As for Gimhae, I have very little information about the city during the Goryeo period.  Towards the end of the 14th century, we do see signs of possible conflict, though: There was a fortress built on the nearby hill, called Bunsanseong, in about 1377, though some claim that an older structure was there since the time of the old Gaya kingdom, which would make sense, strategically.  This fortress was severely damaged during Hideyoshi's invasion of Korea in the late 16th century—a not uncommon theme for many historical sites on the peninsula, unfortunately—and repaired in 1871.  The walls can still be seen from the city below. Stone walls were placed around the city in 1434 and improved in 1451.  Excavations on the wall were carried out in 2006 and the north gate, which was first renovated in 1666, was restored in 2008.   You can still visit it, north of the international markets, which includes a wet market along with various restaurants offering specialties from around Northeast Asia, including places like Harbin, in China. Near the north gate there is also a Confucian school, or hyanggyo.  The first iteration was probably built during the Goryeo dynasty, but whatever was there in the 16th century was also destroyed during Hideyoshi's invasion.  It would later be rebuilt in 1688 and relocated to the east until it burned down in 1769.  The following year it was rebuilt in its current location, north of the city gate.  The school contains examples of the classrooms along with a central Confucian shrine, and there are some similarities with similar Edo period institutions in Japan, which also based themselves off of a Confucian model. For those interested in more recent history, you may want to check out the Gimhae Folk Life Museum.  This covers some of the more recent folk traditions, clothing, and tools and home goods used up until quite recent times.  It may not be as focused on the ancient history of the area, but it certainly provides some insight into the recent history of the people of Gimhae. Today, Gimhae is a bustling city.  Not quite as big and bustling as Pusan or Seoul, but still quite modern.  You can easily get there by train from Busan or Gimhae International Airport, and there are plenty of options to stay around the city such that you can walk to many of the historical sites. For those used to traveling in Japan, there are both similarities and differences.  Alongside the ubiquitous Seven Eleven chains are the CU chain, formerly known as FamilyMart, and GS25, along with a few others.  Trains are fairly easy to navigate if you know where you want to go, as well – there's a convenient metro line that connects the airport to Gimhae city proper, and has stops right by the museums.  The KTX, the Korean Train eXpress, the high-speed rail, includes a line from Seoul to Busan.  And don't worry, from our experience there are no zombies on the train to- or from- Busan. Of course, in Korea they use Hangul, the phonetic Korean alphabet.  It may look like kanji to those not familiar with the language but it is entirely phonetic.  Modern Korean rarely uses kanji—or hanja, as they call it—though you may see some signs in Japanese or Chinese that will use it here and there.  In general, though, expect things to be in Korean, and there may or may not be English signs.  However, most of the historical sites we visited had decent enough signage that we only occasionally had to pull out the phone for translation assistance, and the museums are quite modern and have translation apps readily available with QR codes you can scan to get an English interpretation. Speaking of phones, make sure that you have one that will work in Korea or consider getting a SIM card when you get in, as you will likely want it for multiple reasons.  That said, a lot of things that travelers rely on won't work in Korea unless you have the Korean version.  For instance, Google Maps will show you where things are but it can't typically navigate beyond walking and public transit directions.  For something more you'll want the Korean app, Naver.  We did okay, for the most part, on Google Maps, but Naver is specifically designed for South Korea. Likewise, hailing a cab can be a bit of a chore.  Don't expect your Uber or Lyft apps to work—you'll need to get a Korean taxi app if you want to call a taxi or you'll need to do it the old fashioned way—call someone up on the telephone or hail one on the streets, which can be a tricky business depending on where you are. On the topic of streets: In Gimhae, many of the streets we were walking on did not have sidewalks, so be prepared to walk along the side of the road.   We didn't have much trouble, but we were very conscious of the traffic. Another note in Gimhae is the food.  Korea is host to a wide variety of foods, and Gimhae can have many options, depending on what you are looking for.  Near our hotel there were traditional Korean restaurants as well as places advertising pizza, Thai, and burgers.  Up in the main market area, you can find a wide variety of food from around Asia.  Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Uzbekistan, Nepal, and many more were represented, as well as Russian and Chinese cuisines. That said, our breakfast options were not so bountiful.  Our hotel, which gave us our own private hot tub, like a private onsen, did not serve breakfast, but there were a few cafes around where you could get a drink and a light meal in the morning,  and there were some pork Gukbab places, where you would put cooked rice in a pork bone broth for a hearty and delicious morning meal.  That said, if you waited a little later, there is a Krispy Kreme for those craving donuts, and a few French-inspired Korean bakeries, such as the chain, Tous les Jours, which is always a tasty go-to spot. If you prefer a wider variety of food you can choose to stay in Busan proper, instead.  It isn't that far, and you can take the train over to Gimhae in the morning.  However, I would recommend at least two days to see most of the Gaya related sites, and maybe a third or fourth if you want to chase down everything in the city. There is also an interesting amusement park that we did not get the chance to experience but may be of interest:  the Gimhae Gaya Theme Park.  This appears to be a series of interpretations of different Gaya buildings along with a theme park for kids and adults, including rope bridges, light shows, and some cultural performances.  It looked like it might be fun, but since we had limited time we decided to give it a pass this time around. In Busan, there are many other things to do, including museums, folk villages, and an aquarium along the beach.  Busan station is also conveniently located next to the cruise port, where ships depart daily for Japan.  This includes typical cruise ships, as well as various ferries.  For instance, there is a ferry to Hakata, in Fukuoka city, as well as an overnight ferry that takes you through the Seto Inland sea all the way to Osaka.  For us, however, we had booked the jetfoil to Hitakatsu, on the northern tip of Tsushima island – a very modern version of the Gishiwajinden account of setting sail in a rickety ship. Unfortunately, as we were preparing for our journey, disaster struck—the kind of thing that no doubt befell many who would dare the crossing across the waters.  Strong winds out in the strait were making the water choppy, and it was so bad that they decided to cancel all of the ferries for that day and the next.  It made me think of the old days, when ships would wait at dock as experienced seamen kept their eye on the weather, trying to predict when it would be fair enough to safely make the crossing.  This was not always an accurate prediction, though, since on the open ocean, squalls can blow up suddenly.  In some cases people might wait months to make the crossing. Since we didn't have months, and had a lot to see in Tsushuma, we opted for another, very modern route: we booked airplane tickets and left from Gimhae airport to Fukuoka, where we transitioned to a local prop plane for Tsushima.  You might say: why not just fly to Tsushima? But Tsushima doesn't have an international airport, and only serves Japanese domestic destinations. Hence the detour to Fukuoka, where we went through Japanese immigration and had a very nice lunch while we waited for our second, short flight. Even that was almost cancelled due to the winds at Tsushima, with a disclaimer that the plane might have to turn around if the weather was too bad.  Fortunately, we were able to make it, though coming into Tsushima airport was more than a little hair-raising as the small plane came in over the water and cliffs and dodged some pretty substantial updrafts before touching down on a tiny airstrip. And with that, we made our crossing to Tsushima island.  Or perhaps it is better to call them “islands” now, since several channels have been dug separating the north and south parts of Tsushima.  It wasn't quite how we had planned to get there, but we made it – and that kind of adaptability is very much in keeping with how you had to travel in the old days! One more comment here about the Korean Peninsula and Tsushima:  while we never had a day clear enough, it seems obvious that from a high enough vantage point in Gimhae or Gaya, one could see Tsushima on a clear day.  This is something I had speculated, but as we traveled it became clear.  Tsushima is actually closer to the Korean Peninsula than to Kyushu, a fact that they point out.  And so it was likely visible enough to people who knew what they were looking for. And yet, I imagine being on a small boat, trying to make the journey, it must have been something.  You hopefully had a good navigator, because if you went off in the wrong direction you could end up in the East Sea—known in Japan as the Japan Sea—or worse.    If you kept going you would probably eventually reach the Japanese archipelago, but who knows what might have happened in the meantime.  It is little wonder that ships for the longest time decided to use Tsushima and Iki as stepping stones between the archipelago and the continent. And with that, I think we'll leave it.  From Gimhae and Pusan, we traveled across to Tsushima, which has long been the first point of entry into the archipelago from the continent, often living a kind of dual life on the border.  Tsushima has gotten famous recently for the “Ghost of Tsushima” video game, set on the island during the Mongol Invasion – we haven't played it, but we understand a lot of the landscape was reproduced pretty faithfully. From there we (and the ancient chroniclers) sailed to Iki.  While smaller than Tsushuma, Iki was likely much more hospitable to the Yayoi style of rice farming, and the Harunotsuji site is pretty remarkable. Modern Karatsu, the next stop, is literally the Kara Port, indicating that the area has deep connections to the continent.  It is also the site of some of the oldest rice paddies found on the archipelago, as well as its own fascinating place in later history.  Continuing north along the coast of Kyushu is another area with evidence of ancient Yayoi and Kofun communities in Itoshima, thought to be the ancient country of Ito.  Here you can find some burial mounds, as well as the site where archaeologists found one of the largest bronze mirrors of the ancient archipelago.  Finally, we ended up in Fukuoka, where the seal of the King of Na of Wa was found. We ended our trip in Fukuoka, but the historical trail from Na, or Fukuoka, to quote-unquote “Yamatai” then goes a bit hazy.  As we discussed in an earlier episode, there are different theories about where Yamatai actually was.  There is the Kyushu theory, which suggests that Yamatai is somewhere on Kyushu, with many trying to point to the Yayoi period site of Yoshinogari, though there are plenty of reasons why that particular site is not exactly a good candidate.  Then there are various paths taking you to Honshu, and on to Yamato.  Those are much more controversial, but the path to at least Na seems mostly agreed on, especially since that was largely the path that individuals would follow for centuries onwards, including missions to and from the Tang dynasty, the Mongols during their attempted invasion, and even the various missions from the Joseon dynasty during the Edo period.  Today, modern transportation, such as the airplane, means that most people just go directly to their destination, but there are still plenty of reasons to visit these locations.  It was a lot of fun to sail from place to place and see the next island – or kingdom – emerging on the horizon. Next episode we will talk about Tsushima and give you an idea of what that island has in store for visitors; especially those with an interest in Japanese history. Until then, thank you for listening and for all of your support. If you like what we are doing, tell your friends and feel free to rate us wherever you listen to podcasts.  If you feel the need to do more, and want to help us keep this going, we have information about how you can donate on Patreon or through our KoFi site, ko-fi.com/sengokudaimyo, or find the links over at our main website, SengokuDaimyo.com/Podcast, where we will have some more discussion on topics from this episode. Also, feel free to Tweet at us at @SengokuPodcast, or reach out to our Sengoku Daimyo Facebook page.  You can also email us at the.sengoku.daimyo@gmail.com.  Thank you, also, to Ellen for their work editing the podcast. And that's all for now.  Thank you again, and I'll see you next episode on Sengoku Daimyo's Chronicles of Japan.

No segundo Rádio Gambiarra, Gustavo Lopes e Carolina Gusmão comentam os jogos Glifos, Tributo a Mondrian, Sugar Gliders, Quartz: O Jogo de Cartas, Oh My Brain, Five Tribes, Yamatai e Obsession.Edição - Fabs Fabuloso e Gustavo Lopes. Capa - Gustavo Lopes . O Rádio Gambiarra é o novo formato de episódios sobre jogos do Gambiarra Board Games. Ao invés de fazer um episódio por jogo, a partir de agora faremos episódios agrupando os jogos que jogamos entre um programa e outro, tendo a possibilidade de colocar quantos jogos forem possíveis entre lançamentos, jogos escolhidos por nossos ouvintes, jogos já cobertos no passado, expansões e inclusive blocos temáticos, sempre focando na nossa experiência com o jogo.Quer comprar jogos por um precinho bacana e contribuir com o Gambiarra Board Games? Acessa https://bravojogos.com.br/ e utilize o cupom GAMBIARRANABRAVO Confira as fotos dos jogos em nosso instagram instagram.com/gambiarraboardgames E-mail para sugestões: contato@papodelouco.com papodelouco.com Apoio Acessórios BG: https://www.acessoriosbg.com.br BGSP: https://boardgamessp.com.br/ Bravo Jogos: https://bravojogos.com.br/ Aroma de Madeira: https://www.aromademadeira.com.brAbertura: Free Transition Music - Upbeat 80s Music - 'Euro Pop 80s' (Intro A - 4 seconds)Jay Man - OurMusicBoxhttps://www.our-music-box.com​https://www.youtube.com/c/ourmusicboxTrilhas: Go Bossa Lounge Jazz Royalty Free Music/Free Instrumental Piano Music - Piano Sway - OurMusicBox/Relaxing Jazz Chill Cafe Music (Copyright Free) Free Background Music For Videos/Free Instrumental Music- Take It Slow - OurMusicBox/【無料フリーBGM】楽しいバロック「Tea_Party」by Peritune

Scopriamo quali sono le origini del Giappone e del leggendario regno di Yamatai!---Mi trovi anche su Spotify:https://open.spotify.com/show/18pSpwnHNWevxRPaFpXh26Su Apple Podcast:https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/podcast-dello-shogun/id1649546421Su Youtube:https://www.youtube.com/@PodcastDelloShogunSu Spreaker:https://www.spreaker.com/show/podcast-dello-shogun---Se desideri sostenere il podcast, puoi farlo in due modi:- Tramite ko-fi: https://ko-fi.com/podcastdelloshogun- Tramite Paypal: https://paypal.me/podcastdelloshogun---"Ishikari Lore" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 Licensehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Celebrating the recent movie release of the “Tomb Raider,” The Source Material Comics Podcast with Jesse, Mark, and Ronnie, takes a look at the Dark Horse series from 2014 titled “Tomb Raider: Season of the Witch.” Following the events from the 2013 video game, Lara Croft finds herself still unable to escape the pull of the Island of Yamatai. Returning there with her friends on a mission to rescue her friend Sam from worshippers of the Solarii, Lara has to again figure out a way to escape alive. Disclaimer: The following may contain offensive language, adult humor, and/or content that some viewers may find offensive – The views and opinions expressed by any one speaker does not explicitly or necessarily reflect or represent those of Mark Radulich or W2M Network.   Mark Radulich and his wacky podcast on all the things: https://linktr.ee/markkind76 also snapchat: markkind76 FB Messenger: Mark Radulich LCSW Tiktok: @markradulich twitter: @MarkRadulich

Neste Gambiarra Board Games Gustavo Lopes e Carolina Gusmão falam sobre o jogo de tabuleiro My Little Scythe, baseado em um dos sucessos da Stonemaier Games. Falamos sobre a nossa experiência com o jogo em várias contagens de jogadores e sobre a história de como a Stonemaier transformou um print and play que parecia uma piada de 1º de abril super elaborada em um jogo comercial. - Destaques da semana: Bang the Dice Game, Yamatai, Incríveis Parques de Miss Liz. Review Retrô#088 - CO²: Segunda Chance - Link da nossa Campanha no Catarse: https://www.catarse.me/gambiarra_board_gamesEdição - Gustavo Lopes. Capa - Gustavo Lopes . Quer comprar jogos por um precinho bacana, contribuir com o Gambiarra Board Games e ainda ganhar um brinde? Acessa https://bravojogos.com.br/ e utilize o cupom GAMBIARRANABRAVO Confira as fotos dos jogos em nosso instagram instagram.com/gambiarraboardgames E-mail para sugestões: contato@papodelouco.com papodelouco.com Apoio Acessórios BG: https://www.acessoriosbg.com.br BGSP: https://boardgamessp.com.br/ Bravo Jogos: https://bravojogos.com.br Canal Boards&Burgers: https://youtube.com/boards&burgersAbertura: Free Transition Music - Upbeat 80s Music - 'Euro Pop 80s' (Intro A - 4 seconds)Jay Man - OurMusicBoxhttps://www.our-music-box.com​https://www.youtube.com/c/ourmusicboxIntro: [Non-Copyrighted Music] Chill Jazzy Lofi Hip Hop (Royalty Free) Jazz Hop Music Music promoted by NCM https://goo.gl/fh3rEJReview retrô: Takeover of the 8-bit Synths by Kevin MacLeodLink: https://incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/4459-takeover-of-the-8-bit-synthsLicense: https://filmmusic.io/standard-license Trilha: OvalWorld [Original / Remastered] by Peritune https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AQ0CgYTqJ1w

On this week's episode, Austin and Nick travel across the Pacific Ocean and back in time 10,000 years to uncover the mystery surrounding Yonaguni Jima, a ziggurat-like stone structure found submerged off the coast of Yonaguni Island in Japan. While some naysayers believe the forms are natural, some researchers think they may be evidence of an old Yamatai city or perhaps even The Lost Continent of Mu.Yonaguni Monument PicturesIf you enjoy the episode, give us a 5-star rating!Check out our website: conspiracyrealists.ghost.ioEmail us: 2guys1truth@gmail.comInstagram: @TheConspiracyRealistsTwitter: @RealistsPodMusic and SFX by ZapsplatOther Music by Purple PlanetSupport this show http://supporter.acast.com/2guys1truth. Become a member at https://plus.acast.com/s/2guys1truth. Our GDPR privacy policy was updated on August 8, 2022. Visit acast.com/privacy for more information.

Happy Women's History Month!! To kick off this year's Women's History Month we will be traveling to Japan to learn about some ancient Japanese history. Before Japan was even Japan, before the Japanese people even had a written language, we're going back almost 3,000 years to talk about a shamen queen who could control demons! Queen Himiko is now one of the most famous and recognizable figures in Japanese history however her story was almost lost. But it lost on accident or was her story purposefully hidden by sexism and patriarchal society? Find out this and more in this week's episode of For the Love of History Podcast! https://www.instagram.com/ (Instagram) https://www.patreon.com/fortheloveofhistorypodcast?fan_landing=true (Patreon) https://linktr.ee/fortheloveofhistory (Link Tree) Email: fortheloveofhistory2020@gmail.com https://www.fortheloveofhistorypodcast.com/home (www.fortheloveofhistorypodcast.com) Further Reading https://www.routledge.com/Japan-Emerging-Premodern-History-to-1850/Friday/p/book/9780813344836 (Japan Emerging Premodern History to 1850) https://www.jstor.org/stable/2385316 (In Pursuit of Himiko. Postwar Archaeology and the Location of Yamatai) https://heritageofjapan.wordpress.com/yayoi-era-yields-up-rice/the-advent-of-agriculture-and-the-rice-revolution/who-was-queen-himiko/ (Queen Himiko and the mystery of Yamatai-koku) http://afe.easia.columbia.edu/ps/japan/wei_history_wa_pimiko.pdf (EXCERPTS FROM THE HISTORY OF THE KINGDOM OF WEI (WEI ZHI) ) https://www.worldhistory.org/Queen_Himiko/ (Queen Himiko) https://www.tofugu.com/japan/queen-himiko/ (QUEEN HIMIKO: BADASS WOMEN IN JAPANESE HISTORY) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wTlQtSiZTX0 (Video Lecture)

Episode 203 - Favorite Games About Sailing (Boats, Boats, Boats!) Introduction:  News/Crowdfunding:  Libertalia: Winds of Galecrest - March 2 Quatermain Cobblestone Games - 6 days, $30 Skate Summer - 7 days, $50 Finding Anastasia - 10 days, $35 Games Played:  Obsession First Empires Favorite Games About Sailing (Boats, Boats, Boats!):   Jason - Madame Ching Katie - Concordia Jason - Neptun Katie - Forgotten Waters Jason - Bermuda Triangle Katie - Black Fleet Closing:  Tricky Tides, Century: Eastern Wonders, Amerigo, Kraken Attack, Liguria, Sailing to India, Lewis and Clark, Akrotiri, Venice, Tortuga, Rajas of the Ganges, Yamatai

Episode 4:  Top 5 Shelf of Shame Games Welcome to episode 4 of The Longest Turn Board Gaming Podcast!  In this episode Kevin, Tyson and Tyler discuss the top 5 games that we would like to get off our shelves of shame in 2022. We start off the episode discussing what we've been playing and end with a few things that we're excited about in the board gaming world. We also give out the 2nd double snap award. Who gets it? Listen to find out!     Time Stamps: What we've been playing - 00:10:27 Top 5 Shelf of Shame games - 00:57:49 Double Snap Award - 01:34:20 What we're excited about  - 01:36:15 Outtakes - 01:53:53   What we've been playing: Cascadia - 00:10:27 TEN - 00:16:55 Final Girl - 00:22:32 Roll for the Galaxy - 00:30:38 Res Arcana: Perlae Imperii Expansion - 00:35:21 The Search for Planet X - 00:38:40 Taco Cat Goat Cheese Pizza - 00:48:28 Poetry for Neanderthals - 00:55:13   Top 5 Shelf of Shame Games: Kevin: #5 1960: The Making of a President - 00:58:00 #4 Yamatai - 01:05:57 #3 Brass Lancashire - 01:12:26 #2 Altiplano - 01:19:02 #1 Star Trek Ascendancy - 01:24:18   Tyler: #5 StarCraft: The Board Game - 01:03:41 #4 A Feast for Odin - 01:10:05 #3 War of the Ring - 01:16:55 #2 Imperial Assault - 01:22:06 #1 Trickerion - 01:31:18   Tyson: #5 Scythe: Rise of Fenris - 01:00:39 #4 Court of the Dead Mourners Call - 01:07:25 #3 The Golden Ages - 01:14:30 #2 Crystal Palace - 01:21:13 #1 Lisboa - 01:27:12   What we're excited about: Tyler: Tiletum - 01:39:42 Kevin:  Barrage - 01:36:15, Arkham Horror LCG - 01:43:11 Tyson:  Chess - 01:37:22, Puzzle Journal – The Missing Detective - 01:48:21

Previously we have seen the Rise of Hunter-gatherers in the Jomon and the development of food surpluses and the rise of social complexity through the Yayoi and Kofun, now we see the social-political organization make further developments as Buddhism and Confucianism enter into the islands.   .The Period that begins with the emergence of Buddhism into the islands and the capital being moved to the Asuka region. Emperors: Kinmei ->  Bidatsu -> Yomei -> Sushun -> Suiko (Prince Shotoku)   

Today we continue our journey through the story of the Japanese islands. There are several specific topics that I would like to take a deeper dive into but I want to make sure that we have some basic ground covered before we get deep into it. Throughout these 13 episodes, We will cover the entire span of Japanese history, from the early hunter-gatherers of the Jomon to the Newest Era, Reiwa. This will introduce the general outline of Japanese History for those who are not familiar and will begin to contextualize famous events and people.

Today we hang with Mr. Pfister, or at least we make nice with his design pedigree, as we review Cloudage, a strange mash-up between Pfister's lite push-your-luck fare and his heavy deterministic euros. Does this comingling of randomness and strategy work? Find out!Then, as if we're inspired by Cloudage's stickers, rulebook, orange sherbert color palette, and cloudy card sleeves, we discuss our production pet peeves. Or, in more optimistic terms, our production 'Do's and 'Don't's. Thanks for listening!02:06 Dungeon Petz05:40 Draftosaurus05:59 FEATURE REVIEW Cloudage06:05 Great Western Trail, Isle of Skye, Broom Service, and Maracaibo22:16 Port Royaleand Oh My Goods!37:23 FEATURE DISCUSSION Production Pet Peeves, or Production Dos and Don'ts39:15 Underwater Cities39:40 High Rise40:30 Glen More II: Chronicles41:40 Everdell and Praga Caput Regni42:17 Tekhenu42:44 Tzolkin and Return to Dark Tower43:33 Parks44:31 Rococo, Rococo: Deluxe, Tainted Grail45:28 My City47:09 Tawantinsuyu48:28 Renature, NYZoo, and Curious Cargo48:57 Blackout: Hong Kong, Maracaibo, and Underwater Cities52:03 Yamatai and the Oracle of Delphi53:08 Eclipse, Kemet, and Empires of the Void II54:56 Santa Monica and Race for the Galaxy56:49 Clans of Caledonia and A Feast for Odin58:01 Just One, Rome & Roll, and Sprawlopolis01:00:27 Barrage, Curious Cargo, and Atheneum01:01:33 Race for the Galaxy, Gaia Project, Harvest, and Tapestry01:06:08 The Godfather

Prince Shotoku (574 - 622) The man who coined the term "Japan", the man who wrote the first constitution in the Japanese islands, the father of Japanese Buddhism is considered on all accounts to be a saint. But I have this gut feeling he's a war criminal and today we will explore this idea.

Neste Gambiarra Board Games Gustavo Lopes e Carolina Gusmão falam sobre o jogo de tabuleiro Lorenzo il Magnifico, lançado no Brasil pela editora MeepleBR, um jogo ambientado na Itália Renascentista, feito por designers italianos, com um elemento que a gente aqui é fascinado nos jogos de tabuleiro, que é alocação de trabalhadores combinado com o uso inteligente de dados. Vamos falar também das expansões do Lorenzo, das nossas jogatinas, nossa experiência com ele e muito mais. Nos destaques da semana: Yamatai, Vinhos Deluxe. Review Retrô#027 - No Thanks! - Formulário dos ouvintes: https://forms.gle/bdTcY7pCoP1shcuv5Edição - Gustavo Lopes. Capa - Gustavo Lopes . Quer comprar jogos por um precinho bacana e ainda contribuir com o Gambiarra Board Games, acessa aqui nosso link de parceiro com a Bravo Jogos:https://olhar.site/bravojogos-gustavosouzalopes-ihuq3 Confira as fotos do jogo em nosso instagram instagram.com/gambiarraboardgames E-mail para sugestões: contato@papodelouco.com Padrim: padrim.com.br/papodelouco Picpay: app.picpay.com/user/papodelouco Facebook: facebook.com/papodeloucooficial Twitter: twitter.com/papodelouco_ Instagram: instagram.com/papodelouco_podcast Telegram: t.me/papodelouco Apoio Acessórios BG: https://www.acessoriosbg.com.br BGSP: https://boardgamessp.com.br/ Bravo Jogos: https://olhar.site/bravojogos-gustavosouzalopes-ihuq3 Canal Boards&Burgers: https://youtube.com/boards&burgers

Sintonía: "Andalusí" - Luis Gimenez Amorós "Hold On" - Souls; "Can´t Cheat Time" - Starbenders; "El Blues de los armas" - Luis Gimenez Amorós; "Teho" - Yamatai; "Onipa" - Onipa; "Sidi Wacho" - Desorden Internacional; "My Baby" - In The Club; "I Get Down With The Aliens" (feat. Kid Enigma) - Rumpus Escuchar audio

Dan cet épisode, Jake et Luc parlent de leurs jeux préférés du designer de jeu Bruno Cathala.D'autres jeux mentionnés: Tang Garden, Yamatai

In this episode, Jake and Luc talk about their favourite games by famous board game designer Bruno Cathala.Other games mentioned: Tang Garden, Yamatai

So witchesThis week is all about the mysterious shaman queen Himiko. Ruling over Yamatai in ancient Japan - very little is known about her and what we do know is steeped in mystery and magic. Join me and discover who this enigmatic figure is. Check out my shop where I stock witchy wares to deepen your craft. Please leave a review if you've enjoyed the show. If you wish to support the show and/or join my sugar pot spell click here. You can also follow me on Instagram.Thanks!Michael Get bonus content on PatreonSupport this show http://supporter.acast.com/themageswell. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

According to the Records of Wei, a leader emerged at the end of the Yayoi Period who successfully united thirty of Japan's chiefdom under her own leadership. Who was Queen Himiko, and where was her elusive capital of Yamatai located?Check out the supplemental post for a pretty cool statue of Queen Himiko in modern-day Saga prefecture.Merch Store open now: https://ahistoryofjapan.threadless.com/Support the show (https://www.patreon.com/AHistoryOfJapan)

Hey Long Time Listeners! We've been going non stop since this pandemic began. We're taking a mid season break if you will and be back with you in August! Take a listen to this classic from just after our grunge days way back in season 1! A subpar plot, a main character beaten into the periphery of her own movie, and the most ridiculous tomb ever filmed. This week we've take the GOCO to the remote tropical island of Yamatai to raid this troubled franchise. With a reimagined game series that offered so much in the way of critically acclaimed source material we have to ask the question, "what happened?" Tune-in, find out, and GEEK OUT with us! See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Title: Tomb Raider [Wikipedia] [IGDb], Tomb Raider: Definitive Edition Developers: Crystal Dynamics, Eidos Montréal, Nixxes Software (PC/PS3/PS4/XB1), United Front Games (Definitive Edition), Feral Interactive (Mac/Linux) Publisher: Square Enix Designers: Noah Hughes (director), Daniel Chayer (director), Daniel Neuburger (director) Platforms: Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, OS X, PlayStation 4 (Definitive Edition), Xbox One (Definitive Edition), Linux, Shield TV, Stadia Release date: March 5, 2013; January 23, 2014 (Mac); January 28, 2014 (Definitive Edition, NA); April 27, 2016 (Linux); March 7, 2017 (Shield) PROMO: Trial by Error Variety Show (@tbevarietyshow) SHOWNOTES: Ash, Megan, and Allen explore the forgotten world of Yamatai in the 2013 Tomb Raider reboot! We discuss the new gameplay and story direction of the franchise starting with this title, new stealth and survival aspects introduced, the realistic yet positive portrayal of Lara Croft (performed by Camilla Luddington) as a young and inexperienced adventurer, the sequels Rise of the Tomb Raider and Shadow of the Tomb Raider, and even the 2018 film adaptation starring Alicia Vikander. Dive deep with us into this critically acclaimed action-adventure, and don't forget to leave us a five-star rating on Apple Podcasts! You can find Collateral Gaming on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Chill Lover Radio, iHeartRadio and wherever else you get your podcasts. Also follow us on Twitter/Instagram/Facebook, subscribe to us on YouTube, and look for us on Patreon and Podchaser. (Collateral Gaming is an LCompany Production. Intro song is a license-free beat composed by Ashley Allen Chancellor in Logic Pro X. News ident is a license-free beat by mansardian. All music and game clips are owned by their respective creators and are used for educational purposes only. Please don’t sue us; we’re poor!)

Early in Japanese history, nomadic hunter gatherers settle what would eventually become Japan. A shamaness Queen named Himiko unites the warring factions under one banner, her Kingdom of Yamatai, and diplomats from China observe not only the rulers, but the daily life of the people in a fledgling Kingdom. Hope you enjoyed the episode! Please feel free to leave a review, rating, or even subscribe! Every bit helps the podcast grow and is a great encouragement to keep this show going. Send us your questions, comments, or suggestions for future topics at: https://twitter.com/SagaofJapan I personally read all of them! Sources for this episode include: The Nihon Shoki The Kojiki The Cambridge History of Japan Vol. 1 A Concise History of Japan by Brett Walker The History of Japan to 1334 by George Sansom Historians of China and Japan by W.G. Beasley and E.G. Pulleybank _ _A History of East Asian Civilization, Vol. 1 by John Fairbank Prehistory of Japan, by C.M. Aikins and Higuchi T. The Prehistory of Japan, Gerard J. Groot. Support The Saga of Japan by donating to their Tip Jar: https://tips.pinecast.com/jar/the-saga-of-japan Find out more at https://the-saga-of-japan.pinecast.co

This episode we cover the archipelago at the turn of BCE to CE through the eyes of the Chinese chronicles.  We take a look at what the Chinese thought was the founding of Japan in the Qin dynasty, as well as the disruption to the islands caused by the Xin dynasty interregnum between the early and late Han dynasties.  We also look at the earliest recorded missions to China, as well as the fortunate discovery in the 18th century of the famous seal of the Kingdom of Na.

This week, the ladies talk binging old episodes of "24" and "The Wire" before diving into the impressive academic career of presidential candidate, Elizabeth Warren and the Historical monarchy of ancient Japanese monarch, Queen Himiko of Yamatai.

Starfare Catan na GenCon. Qual edição de Dominion comprar? Dragões no Zombicide? Barony, Five Tribes, Yamatai e muito mais. Conheça nossa loja : https://www.amazon.com.br/jackexplicador News Theme 2 de Audionautix está licenciada sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Artista: http://audionautix.com/

Starfare Catan na GenCon. Qual edição de Dominion comprar? Dragões no Zombicide? Barony, Five Tribes, Yamatai e muito mais. Conheça nossa loja : https://www.amazon.com.br/jackexplicador News Theme 2 de Audionautix está licenciada sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Artista: http://audionautix.com/

Starfare Catan na GenCon. Qual edição de Dominion comprar? Dragões no Zombicide? Barony, Five Tribes, Yamatai e muito mais. Conheça nossa loja : https://www.amazon.com.br/jackexplicador News Theme 2 de Audionautix está licenciada sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) Artista: http://audionautix.com/

Board Game Podcast hosted by the Sheffield Board Games Club members.  Rick and Tom C are joined by Tom Lovewell from Redwell Games and we discuss his new game Six Gun Showdown.  We review Yamatai and Spectaculum, talk about our UK Games Expo experiences, and Evan tells us about Steamrollers.  We also discuss rules mistakes and rule books in general.

Episode 70 - Favorite Box Covers Introduction:    Zany Banter!! News: Bites - Chad DeShon.  Ants are moving to collect different pieces of food that are worth different points. Commodity speculation, take that, variable set up, price manipulation, any player can move any ant.  $24 13 days. Kodama 3D.  $24 13 days. Merlin Knights of the Round Table.  $18 9 days. Games played: Jason - Tanto Cuore Joel - Skull Jason - Loopin Louie Joel - Vinhos 2016 version   Favorite Box Art: Joel - Dinosaur Island Jason - Legend of the Cherry Tree Joel - Trickerion Jason - Yamatai Joel - Near and Far Jason - Everdell Closing: Jason - Celestia, Coimbra, Lisboa, The Bloody Inn, Takenoko Joel - Tokaido, Rajas, Evolution, Arboretum, Heaven and Ale, Photosynthesis, Yamatai, Lisboa, Vinhos, Ashes, Myrmes, Coimbra, Raccoon Tycoon, Flick em’ Up, Azul, Feudum, Scythe, Wingspan

We're well into May, so it's about time we did some spring cleaning. We talk about the games that have recently left our collection, and why it was their time to go. It's not always an easy thing, but I'm sure they're being loved by someone else on a farm upstate. Before we out with the old, we talk about Space Base: The Emergence of Shy Pluto, Hyperborea, and Clockwork Wars. 02:28 - Space Base: The Emergence of Shy Pluto 09:03 - Hyperborea 20:06 - Clockwork Wars 30:51 - Games that have left our collections 31:03 - Lowlands 34:12 - Key to the City: London 36:33 - Raptor 38:27 - Magic Maze 40:41 - Chinatown 43:32 - Yamataï 44:51 - Things we're looking forward to

This week, we discuss Bruxelles 1893, Il Vecchio, Arboretum, Yamatai, El Grande and playing a game by the rules.

In Episode 10, Dean and Jon do a review of Forum Trajanum and have a showdown between Five Tribes and Yamatai by Bruno Cathala and Days of Wonder.  We also announce the winner of our contest for a new copy of Root by Leder Games.  Thanks for coming down to MeepleTown!  

Bubblar 8 Days of Wonder   I detta bubblar avsnitt pratar pappa Micke och pappa Andy om företaget Days of Wonder och deras produkter. Pappa Micke hade nog fel om en sak. Men sånt händer. Vilket är ert favorit Days of Wonder spel? Spel som nämns Ticket to Ride, Memoir 44, Shadows over Camelot, Queens Neckless, Fist of Dragons stone, Mistery of the abbey, Myster express,  Cleopetra and the society of archetects, Colleseum, Cargo Noir, Relic Runners, Small World, Commander and colors, Five tribes, Yamatai, My First Journey, Settlers of catan jr.

This episode Alex and Sean have finally reunited and the Dukes ... ... Share their recent plays of: Indonesia Carthago Coimbra Junk Orbit (5:19) ... Discuss the latest news including: The winners of the Spiel des Jahres (30:25)  ... Review RNR Games' Rajas of the Ganges; and (52:43) ... Look back at their reviews of Yamatai, Flipships, Viral and Three Kingdoms: Redux in their Dukes' Double Octuple Take (1:17:47).   Click here to     Twitter: @dukesofdice Facebook: /dukesofdice Dukes of Dice YouTube ChannelSubscribe on iTunes Thanks to our awesome sponsors - please give them a visit  Tasty Minstrel Games    Arcane Wonders   Game Toppers  

A subpar plot, a main character beaten into the periphery of her own movie, and the most ridiculous tomb ever filmed. This week we've take the GOCO to the remote tropical island of Yamatai to raid this troubled franchise. With a reimagined game series that offered so much in the way of critically acclaimed source material we have to ask the question, "what happened?" Tune-in, find out, and GEEK OUT with us! go-tomb_raider.mp3File Size: 169897 kbFile Type: mp3Download File See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Well listeners, the hazy afterglow of our celebratory episode 21 has faded and given way to the mother of all content hangovers. We tried to valiantly fight through the pain and dull the effects with coffee and forced smiles but in the end we did what all hard-core, truth accepting podcasts must do when faced with non-productivity... We got drunk and recorded a new episode! Don't worry you probably won't even notice, it's not like we have a track record of flawlessly professional recordings to compare it to. In this episode we giveaway a copy of Scythe from Stonemaier Games as well as talk extensively of all the games we've been playing including: Royals, Bunny Kingdom, Inbetween, Cold Water Crown, Yamatai & many more! Plus Ben regales you with tales of Geekway To The West 2018 and in our Meepleofmadness Music Minute we feature great tunes by Nick Waterhouse & Chicano Batman! Finally in IRL, Leeandra talks about her latest adventures in China & Ben sets the bar of good parenting surprisingly low! All that & more is poised to sail straight into your auditory canals, so sit back, take two aspirin & a cocktail and call me in the morning!

Welcome to Watch. Review. Repeat. This is the podcast where two best friends discuss the latest in film and television and then do it all over again the following week! On this episode, Colton and Andrew go on an adventure with Alicia Vikander's Lara Croft to the mysterious island of Yamatai in the video game movie adaptation, 'Tomb Raider'! 00:00:00 - Intro 00:03:11 - Andrew's Fun Fact Of The Week! 00:05:33 - New Additions to Voice Cast of 'Teen Titans GO! To The Movies' 00:08:34 - 'Fantastic Beasts: The Crimes of Grindelwald' Official Teaser Trailer 00:10:26 - Spike Lee Circling Sony's 'Nightwatch' Adaptation 00:15:23 - Ava DuVernay to Direct DC's 'New Gods' 00:19:13 - 'Black Panther' Notches Fifth Straight Weekend Atop Box Office 00:20:17 - 'Avengers: Infinity War' New Official Trailer 00:24:22 - Marvel Netflix Shows Will Not Connect To 'Avengers: Infinity War' 00:29:41 - 'Marvel's The Punisher' Season 2 Begins Filming 00:30:57 - Annabella Sciorra Cast As Villain in 'Marvel's Luke Cage' Season 2 00:32:40 - Alex Garland's 'Devs' Lands Pilot Pickup At FX 00:35:56 - 'Tomb Raider' (Non-Spoilers and Recommendation) 00:51:31 - 'Tomb Raider' (Spoilers) 01:11:40 - Catching Up With Colton ('Luther') 01:14:27 - Catching Up With Andrew ('The Hunger Games: Catching Fire', 'Dragon Ball Super') 01:18:52 - Conclusion/Outro Visit our new website! Support us on Patreon! Thank you for listening, and please send any feedback to watchreviewrepeat@gmail.com! Intro/Outro Credit: Mechanolith Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Celebrating the recent movie release of the “Tomb Raider,” The Source Material Comics Podcast with Jesse, Mark, and Ronnie, takes a look at the Dark Horse series from 2014 titled “Tomb Raider: Season of the Witch.” Following the events from the 2013 video game, Lara Croft finds herself still unable to escape the pull of the Island of Yamatai. Returning there with her friends on a mission to rescue her friend Sam from worshippers of the Solarii, Lara has to again figure out a way to escape alive.

This week on the Major Spoilers Podcast: With Tomb Raider arriving in theaters, we take a look at Tomb Raider: Season of the Witch. Plus, Athena Voltaire and the Sorcerer Pope #2, Bonehead #3, Nailed It on Netflix, and Mage: The Hero Denied #7. Support this show! http://patreon.com/MajorSpoilers NEWS DC Comics Launches DC Black Label http://majorspoilers.com/2018/03/09/business-dc-comics-launches-dc-black-label-imprinta/ REVIEWS STEPHEN ATHENA VOLTAIRE AND THE SORCERER POPE #2 Write: Steve Bryant Artists: Ismael Canales (art), Emily Elmer (colors) Publisher: Action Lab Entertainment Cover Price: $3.99 The hunt for the mysterious bronze head continues! Clues lead Athena and company to a deep-sea dive off the coast of Italy—but the Nazi occultists are hot on their trail! [rating:3/5] MATTHEW MAGE: THE HERO DENIED #7 Writer: Matt Wagner Artist: Matt Wagner Publisher: Image Comics Cover Price: $3.99 MATT WAGNER's classic saga of comics fantasy continues in the third and final part of his epic MAGE trilogy. After encountering a rare and ominous mystical creature, Kevin Matchstick has enlisted black-market magic to obtain an enchanted potion that he hopes will help lead him to the Fisher King. Will his mystical quest lead to the fulfillment he so desperately seeks...or leave his family more vulnerable than ever? Can even the Pendragon stave off a siege from the Faerie Realms and the schemes of the malevolent Umbra Sprite? [rating: 3.5/5] RODRIGO BONEHEAD #3 Writer: Bryan Hill Artist: Rhoald Marcellius Publisher: Top Cow Cover Price: Faced with the growing trouble over the new and deadly neuro-narcotic plaguing the working-class sections of the city, Aleph, Hideki, and Subject 56 may have to work together to stop the crisis. The first step: Uniting the gangs. [rating: 4.5/5] ASHLEY NAILED IT season 1 Byer hosts the six 30-minute episodes with professional chef Jacques Torres and a special guest host. The goal for the contestants is to recreate high-quality treats as best they can. The one who gets closest will be awarded $10,000. [rating: 3/5] MAJOR SPOILERS POLL OF THE WEEK http://majorspoilers.com/2018/03/11/major-spoilers-poll-week-nearly-edition/ DISCUSSION Tomb Raider: Season of the Witch Writer: Gail Simone Artist: Nicolas Daniel Selma Publisher; Dark Horse Comics Lara and the other survivors of the Endurance are experiencing horrific visions after their ordeal in the Lost Kingdom of Yamatai. But the visions lead to a darker fate . . . can Lara survive the calamities that await her as she struggles to piece this new mystery, and her life, back together? CLOSE Contact us at podcast@majorspoilers.com Call the Major Spoilers Hotline at (785) 727-1939. A big Thank You goes out to everyone who downloads, subscribes, listens, and supports this show. We really appreciate you taking the time to listen to our ramblings each week. Tell your friends! Closing music comes from Ookla the Mok.

This week on the Major Spoilers Podcast: With Tomb Raider arriving in theaters, we take a look at Tomb Raider: Season of the Witch. Plus, Athena Voltaire and the Sorcerer Pope #2, Bonehead #3, Nailed It on Netflix, and Mage: The Hero Denied #7. Support this show! http://patreon.com/MajorSpoilers NEWS DC Comics Launches DC Black Label http://majorspoilers.com/2018/03/09/business-dc-comics-launches-dc-black-label-imprinta/ REVIEWS STEPHEN ATHENA VOLTAIRE AND THE SORCERER POPE #2 Write: Steve Bryant Artists: Ismael Canales (art), Emily Elmer (colors) Publisher: Action Lab Entertainment Cover Price: $3.99 The hunt for the mysterious bronze head continues! Clues lead Athena and company to a deep-sea dive off the coast of Italy—but the Nazi occultists are hot on their trail! [rating:3/5] MATTHEW MAGE: THE HERO DENIED #7 Writer: Matt Wagner Artist: Matt Wagner Publisher: Image Comics Cover Price: $3.99 MATT WAGNER's classic saga of comics fantasy continues in the third and final part of his epic MAGE trilogy. After encountering a rare and ominous mystical creature, Kevin Matchstick has enlisted black-market magic to obtain an enchanted potion that he hopes will help lead him to the Fisher King. Will his mystical quest lead to the fulfillment he so desperately seeks...or leave his family more vulnerable than ever? Can even the Pendragon stave off a siege from the Faerie Realms and the schemes of the malevolent Umbra Sprite? [rating: 3.5/5] RODRIGO BONEHEAD #3 Writer: Bryan Hill Artist: Rhoald Marcellius Publisher: Top Cow Cover Price: Faced with the growing trouble over the new and deadly neuro-narcotic plaguing the working-class sections of the city, Aleph, Hideki, and Subject 56 may have to work together to stop the crisis. The first step: Uniting the gangs. [rating: 4.5/5] ASHLEY NAILED IT season 1 Byer hosts the six 30-minute episodes with professional chef Jacques Torres and a special guest host. The goal for the contestants is to recreate high-quality treats as best they can. The one who gets closest will be awarded $10,000. [rating: 3/5] MAJOR SPOILERS POLL OF THE WEEK http://majorspoilers.com/2018/03/11/major-spoilers-poll-week-nearly-edition/ DISCUSSION Tomb Raider: Season of the Witch Writer: Gail Simone Artist: Nicolas Daniel Selma Publisher; Dark Horse Comics Lara and the other survivors of the Endurance are experiencing horrific visions after their ordeal in the Lost Kingdom of Yamatai. But the visions lead to a darker fate . . . can Lara survive the calamities that await her as she struggles to piece this new mystery, and her life, back together? CLOSE Contact us at podcast@majorspoilers.com Call the Major Spoilers Hotline at (785) 727-1939. A big Thank You goes out to everyone who downloads, subscribes, listens, and supports this show. We really appreciate you taking the time to listen to our ramblings each week. Tell your friends! Closing music comes from Ookla the Mok.

รีวิวหลัก Blade Runner พูดถึงความประทับใจภาคแรกเริ่ม - 1:44:28 เข้าภาค 2049 - 1:56:56 เข้าสปอยเลอร์ภาค 2049 - 2:31:49 หนัง ตุ้ม - The Lost City of Z แจ็ค - Gerald's Game, The Skin I live in, Creep แม็ก - War of the Planet of the Apes, Identity ทางบ้าน คุณสาวแนะนำ We Need to Talk About Kevin ซีรีส์ แทนไท - Ozark แม็ค - I'm Home, Mindhunter เบ็ดเตล็ด ตุ้ม - หนังสือ The Rise of the Octoberists, สิงสาราสัตว์ แทนไท - บอร์ดเกม Scoville, Yamatai, Evolution: Climate แขกรับเชิญโฟนอิน คุณ Perus แห่ง Wizard of Learning ทีมสร้างบอร์ดเกมส์ชื่อ Pizza Master เตรียมไปออกงาน Spiel ที่เยอรมัน Video รีวิวหลัก Blade Runner 2049 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gCcx85zbxz4

รีวิวหลัก Blade Runner พูดถึงความประทับใจภาคแรกเริ่ม - 1:44:28 เข้าภาค 2049 - 1:56:56 เข้าสปอยเลอร์ภาค 2049 - 2:31:49   หนัง ตุ้ม - The Lost City of Z แจ็ค - Gerald's Game, The Skin I live in, Creep แม็ก - War of the Planet of the Apes, Identity ทางบ้าน คุณสาวแนะนำ We Need to Talk About Kevin ซีรีส์ แทนไท - Ozark แม็ค - I'm Home, Mindhunter เบ็ดเตล็ด ตุ้ม - หนังสือ The Rise of the Octoberists, สิงสาราสัตว์ แทนไท - บอร์ดเกม Scoville, Yamatai, Evolution: Climate   แขกรับเชิญโฟนอิน คุณ Perus แห่ง Wizard of Learning ทีมสร้างบอร์ดเกมส์ชื่อ Pizza Master เตรียมไปออกงาน Spiel ที่เยอรมัน รีวิวหลัก Blade Runner 2049 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gCcx85zbxz4 https://www.facebook.com/LongTakeThailand/videos/1957642057847803/ https://www.facebook.com/LongTakeThailand/videos/1958084821136860/ https://www.facebook.com/LongTakeThailand/posts/1958498677762141

This episode is all about designer Bruno Cathala's games Five Tribes and Yamatai. In our Broader View, we talk a little bit about Analysis Paralysis. [00:00:00] - Introduction [00:01:51] - Yamatai [00:21:36] - An Apology to Bruno Cathala [00:22:07] - Five Tribes [00:39:30] - Comparison [00:46:30] - Other Games by Bruno Cathala [00:49:03] - Broader View Music by Delicious Pastries

Aaron & Liz survived GenCon 2017! Our intrepid hosts details all of the greatest gaming experiences coming out of Indianapolis, IN! Running on low sleep, they recount the best times and what they think the hotness will be for the next few months! Exact timestamps are below because there's a LOT to cover:TIMESTAMPS:0:20 - Intro! 4:30 - Harry Potter: Hogwarts Battle Expansion & Codenames Duet11:30 - Liz and Aaron's games-of-the-show (Clank! & Starfinder) 22:00 - Arkham Horror: The Card Game 27:30 - Scott Pilgrim's Precious Little Card Game 28:45 - Lazer Ryderz 29:50 - A Song Of Ice & Fire 31:00 - Fallout 34:20 - Headspace RPG 36:30 - Word Domination 38:30 - Muse 42:00 - Rapid Fire Game Time! (Giant Killer Robots, Arcane Academy, Numbr9, Spynet, Fog Of Love, Yamatai, Batman, Spires, Red Scare, Mountains Of Madness) 51:00 - Wyrmwood Gaming 53:30 - Review shout-outs and special thanks! And Outro! About The Co-Operatives Podcast--- Reach out to The Co-Operatives by tweeting to the Hoodie Weather account @about60degrees on Twitter or e-mailing us at CoOperativesPod@gmail.com. Got a game you'd like us to try? LET US KNOW! --- If you feel like being super nice, leave us a review on iTunes! It would mean the world to us! Every review lets others know you enjoyed the episode and helps the show grow! --- Want more Co-Operatives? Then check out our archives for a bunch of episodes that cover cooperative board and video games, dating, and plenty of other nonsense.--- Subscribe wherever you want, or use our RSS feed: https://feeds.simplecast.com/9xRUL1taAbout Hoodie Weather--- Hoodie Weather is the little company Aaron has to make games and fun stuff like The Co-Operatives. You can see all of Hoodie Weather's projects at www.hoodieweather.fun--- Join other Co-Ops fans and talk about games by joining the Hoodie Weather Discord by clicking this link -->  https://bit.ly/HoodieWeatherDiscord 

Shane, Justin, and Logan talk about the Spiel des Jahres 2017 nominees and winners, Dice Forge, Yamatai, and Justin's deceased father's car gets repossessed.

This week, Anthony and Chris dig into euro-mega-designers Uwe Rosenberg and Stefan Feld to determine once and for all, who does it better. In this special designer edition of our VS. feature, we'll look at the games of both designer, as well as their impact on gaming and overall fun-factor for us to determine which comes out ahead. We also ask the listeners in our question of the week who they'd pick if they could only have one library of games.  In our acquisition disorders, Anthony looks at Dragon Island, the new game from R&R Games and Mike Fitzgerald coming later this fall, and Chris looks at Vast after his first play as the Goblins. While not a full review, hear Chris's first impressions of this incredibly unique asymmetrical game, plus thoughts on the expansions coming for it soon.  The guys dig into recent plays as well. Anthony shares his thoughts and recommendation for Yamatai, the newest from Days of Wonder and designer duo Bruno Cathala and Marc Paquien. Chris then shares his recent play through of Delve, the Carcassonne-like mashup from Indie Boards and Cards.  If you enjoy the episode, make sure to leave us a review on iTunes. It helps more people find the podcast and for us to make more awesome content. You can also find us on: Twitter - www.twitter.com/bgapodcast  Facebook - www.facebook.com/boardgamersanonymous BGG - www.boardgamegeek.com/guild/1735 Web - www.boardgamersanonymous.com Patreon - www.patreon.com/bga  

In this episode, Chris, Darrell, and TC jump in the WABAC Machine and podcast like it's 2012 by revisiting the Jones Theory – a controversial method for collecting and culling games! Plus, we talk deeply about our first impressions of the gargantuan Lisboa, the Kennerspiel nominee Raiders of the North Sea, thinky Yamatai, the satisfying puzzle that is Sentient, and a classic Darrell rant about Ticket to Ride: Rails & Sails!

Draft Mechanic Episode 49: Yamatai v Five Tribes; Five Tribes on tap; The Lost Expedition; TIME Stories: Lumen Fidei To be honest, we planned on doing Yamatai as a six-pack review, but the more we played it the more we realized it would be a perfect candidate for our “Variants” series, where we pit a game up against another that shares enough similarities to warrant the comparison. What’s our comparison point for Yamatai? Well, look no further than designer Bruno Cathala’s prior design for Days of Wonder, Five Tribes! Both fit that highly produced, mid-weight 2-4 player niche, but what are the benefits of each? Find out in today’s feature segment! Also, we’re putting Five Tribes on tap with beer pairings for each of the tribes. We’re also going to discuss recent plays of The Lost Expedition, Parade, and the latest TIME Stories scenario, Lumen Fidei. Don’t worry - there’s no spoilers here! In our beer segment this episode, we’ll take a look at some America-themed beers for the Independence Day holiday. So sit back, relax, grab a pint and enjoy the show! Intro 01:00 Show housekeeping, upcoming events 04:12 Beer News: “Independent Brewer” seal 08:11 Games News: MAP Policies expand 10:25 Games News: Pandemic Legacy: Season 2 13:06 Recent Plays: Parade 19:43 Recent Plays: The Lost Expedition 26:26 Recent Plays: TIME Stories “Lumen Fidei” and TIME Stories overall discussion 36:20 Variants: Yamatai v Five Tribes 61:43 On Tap: Five Tribes 66:30 America-themed beers for Independence Day 72:18 Outro We hope you enjoyed today's episode! Send us some feedback at draftmechanic@gmail.com and visit us on the web at

Questa settimana al Dunwich Buyers Club: duello all’ultimo sangue tra il campione (Splendor) e il giovane spavaldo sfidante (Century), Mac ci racconta quello che sarà Massive Darkness e il suo mondo fantasy, Ale ci presenta il GdR post apocalittico per eccellenza, Sine Requie, mentre Jack tratta di un leggendario party game massivo, Two Rooms and a Boom! Enjoy! Ecco in dettaglio il menù di questa settimana: Dopo la dura battaglia della scorsa settimana tra Yamatai e Five Tribes, nell’episodio 13 si sfidano due campioni del german rapido e serrato come Splendor e Century. Chi vincerà tra questi due fantastici engine building della trasformazione delle risorse in punti vittoria? Pietre preziose o spezie esotiche? Scopritelo insieme a noi! Massive Darkness ha raccolto un gazzilione di fantasoldi nella sua campagna Kickstarter 2016 e promette di diventare il nuovo standard di riferimento per i dungeon crawler… tremate Descent, Dungeon Saga, Myth e compagnia cantante, Vai all'episodio

This episode the Dukes... ... Share their recent plays of Escape Room The Game, Manhattan Project: Energy Empire, Yamatai, Barenpark and LYNGK (6:46); ... Discuss the latest in gaming news including the announcement of the 2017 Kinderspiel des Jahres and Alex sits down with Suzanne from the Board Game Stats App to discuss the launch of the Android version (26:46); ... Review Red Raven Games' Near and Far (39:47); ... Look back at their review of Pay Dirt in their Dukes' Double-Take (1:22:45); ... Answer some of your questions from the Duchy Mailbag (1:25:52).    Please be sure to support the Dukes on their Patreon campaign page!   Twitter: @dukesofdice Facebook: /dukesofdice Dukes of Dice YouTube ChannelSubscribe on iTunes Thanks to our awesome sponsors - please give them a visit  Tasty Minstrel Games   

Questa settimana al Dunwich Buyers Club: il nostro Banda vi presenta la top 3 dei migliori giochi di carte per lupi solitari, Mac esplora il mondo di Zombicide: Green Horde, attesissimo ultimo capitolo della saga, Ale ci porta a spasso tra i cultisti lovecraftiani di Sigil and Signs mentre Jack ci parla dell’ultimo gioco Days of Wonder: Yamatai… enjoy! Ecco in dettaglio il menù di questa settimana: Banda come Bear Grills vi porta alla scoperta di territori inesplorati per veri duri e puri del gaming: serate solitarie in compagnia di mazzi di carte. Una guida per orientarsi in questa nicchia estrema per chi non rinuncia al gioco nemmeno quando la compagnia scarseggia. Mac e la sua storia d’amore con Zombicide, capitolo 317. Con Green Horde arrivano i pelleverde: orridi orchi zombificati da macinare con armi e magie sempre più spettacolari. L’ultima star di casa Guillotine Games e CMON analizzata per voi dal nostro fan numero Vai all'episodio

This week on BGA, Anthony and Chris discuss games you might like if you also like Terraforming Mars, one of the biggest games of 2016. We'll dive into a pair of themes and mechanics that capture what makes this game so much fun so you can expand your library if you love Terraforming Mars.  We also dig into a couple of recent Acquisition Disorders, including Caverna's two player version and races expansion, plus Yamatai. And at the table this week we're talking about Antike II and Russian Railroads: German Railroads expansion.  Don't forget to connect with us on Facebook, Twitter (@BGAPodcast), and on our website, www.boardgamersanonymous.com. 

Hex is back with Zack where he gives his thoughts on Florida Super Con Retro. He sold Loaded Dice glassware and demoed Robits! And Wrestling.....? In the news, the Gathering of Friends Con happen this past weekend which showed off Yamatai by Days of Wonder. Brass has a reprint coming with their Kickstarter going on right now. A Caverna two player game was announced! Finally, Sparky the stunt dog from Dead of Winter is coming in comic book form? Hex plays some games and might not of had the best experience with The Others. He also, played the latest Machi Koro edition with his wife. Zack runs through Exit: The Game escape room board games and Railroad Revolution. You can comment or give us feedback on Twitter: @thirstygamers_ Support us on Patreon: Patreon.com/thethirstygamers As always stay thirsty for games my friends!

Paul, Matt and Quinns discuss some of the world's latest and greatest board games! This week that means Flamme Rouge, Mythos Tales and Yamatai. They also discuss why the Warhammer universe is like watching a raptor drown in a tar pit, and their best tips for board game conventions!

2017 is upon us!!! SHOW NOTES: 2017 Games of Interest Geeklist: https://boardgamegeek.com/geeklist/218452/rahdo-runs-through-2017-games-interest Top 25 Most Anticipated Games: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kj5PHRTQJrI TIME Stories "Rahdo 2p" variant: https://www.boardgamegeek.com/article/22413568#22413568 •••[00:01:54] 2017 Games of Interest►►► On Mars, Alter Ego, First martians, Edge of Humanity, Fugitive, Zombies Run!, Dragonsgate College, Brasil, Brass, Trashing Dice, Arcology, Chimera Station, Clockwork Islands, Sagrada, Spirit Island, Apocrypha Adventure Card Game, Legacy: Time Surge, Kingsburg 2nd Edition, harvest, The Captain is Dead, Jump Drive, 5 Minute Dungeon, Perfect Storm, Fog of Love, Skyways, Island of Doctor Necreaux: Second Edition, Tiny Epic Quest, COG, Element & Idols, Exodus Fleet, Reborn From Flame, Yamatai, Mines of Olnak, Thunderstone Quest, Railways of Nippon, Catacombs & Castles, 100 Swords Expansions, Shadowrift Skittering Darkness, Haspelknecht: Ruhr Valley, Kingdom Builder Harvest, Temporum Alternate Realities, Tiny Epic Galaxies: Beyond the Black, Mysterium 2nd Expansion, Automobiles Racing Season, Nations the Dice Game: Unrest, Hero Realms: Ruins of Thandar, Roll Player: Monsters & Minions, TIME Stories Expedition Endurance & Lumen Fidei •••[01:27:15] 2016 Games of Interest Revisit►►► Acute Care, Shadowrift: Eve of the Sickle Moon, Feudum, Dungeon Scroll, Perfect Storm, Brasil, Islebound, 7th Continent, TIME Stories Prophecy of Dragons, Eminent Domain: Exotica, Manhattan Project Energy Empire, Explorers of the North Sea, Dreamwell, The Networks, Fog of Love, Rising 5, Solarius Mission, Roll Player, Guilds of London, Quadropolis, Lisboa, Legend of Andor: Chada & Thorn, Legends of Andor: Journey to the North, Star Trek Frontiers, Gloomhaven •••[01:50:44] Boardgame Q&A►►► Knizia's LotR experiences? BGG top 200? Kingdom Death Monster? TIME Stories variant? My boardgaming history? Conventions? Legacy mechanism? Feld love? Taluva? •••[02:18:22] Non-Boardgame Q&A►►► Holiday plans? New Years resolutions? Maltese radio & TV? RRT malta? Games for celebs? •••Help Rahdo run @ https://patreon.com/rahdo •••Send your questions to questions@rahdo.com

We explore the depths of Yamatai in the 2013 hit: Tomb Raider. Also, Harmonix posting Rock Band reviews on Amazon, Payday 2 micro transaction follies, Fallout 4 discs need a Steam code, censorship issues with the US version of Fatal Frame on the Wii U. Download MP3

This week, we're going to take a look at the first figure in recorded Japanese history: Himiko, queen of Yamatai. Despite the fact that the records on her are extremely brief, she's assumed a position of tremendous importance in our thinking about the early history of Japan. We'll look at our records of her life, and her legacy in Japanese history and self-identity.

Scott and I have ventured deep into Yamatai's hidden tomb and returned with a treasure trove of insight into the exciting Lara Croft reboot from Crystal Dynamics. After a painfully long, and troublesome, hype cycle, we can at last return from the island and share our thoughts on the game. Does this re-imagining of this pop-culture heroine breathe new life into the old franchise? Are quick time events back in style? Why does everyone on this island keep a diary? Join us while we discuss these questions and more! Be sure to hop into the comments below with your own thoughts on the game! Show notes: - Runtime: 49 min 55 sec - Music by: Brad Sucks

 http://www.editions-msh.fr/livre/?GCOIArchéologie et patrimoine au Japon, sous la direction de Jean-Paul Demoule et Pierre-François Souyri, Ed de la Maison des Sciences de l'Homme, 2008Mots clefs : Archéologie, Yayoi, Jômon, Elisseeff, San'nai Maruyama, Yoshinogari, Yamatai