Podcasts about Culex

L'émission 28 minutes du 02/09/2025 Trump, les populismes et l'IA, un cocktail mortel pour la vérité ?Comment permettre le maintien des démocraties quand le monde est gangréné par la déformation de la vérité ? Gérald Bronner, sociologue et professeur de sociologie à l'Université Paris Sorbonne, s'intéresse à la fracture de l'espace commun dans son dernier ouvrage “À l'assaut du réel”, publié le 27 août. Il impute une partie de ce phénomène à la “ductilisation du réel” : une déformation des preuves scientifiques au nom du relativisme. Expliquant que la vérité était autrefois stable et inflexible, Gérald Bronner juge que la société bascule vers une ère de la post-réalité. Ainsi, chacun tente de manipuler les faits objectifs, non plus au nom de l'intérêt général, mais pour satisfaire ses propres aspirations mettant en danger notre rapport au réel. Chikungunya, dengue : la France doit-elle déclarer la guerre aux moustiques ?La nouvelle hérisse le poil. À Bergerac (Dordogne), 31 cas de chikungunya ont été recensés par l'Agence régionale de santé, lundi 1er septembre. Des contaminations causées par les moustiques tigres, à l'origine de maux de tête ou encore de fièvre, jugées autochtones, ce qui indique que leur origine est locale. Mais, la sonnette d'alarme commence à être tirée en dehors de la région. Au 26 août, 30 foyers de transmission autochtone de chikungunya ont été identifiés dans l'Hexagone. Les régions Occitanie, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur et Nouvelle-Aquitaine sont touchées par ces insectes à rayures. Et le bât blesse car ces petites bêtes ne s'arrêtent pas à la transmission du chikungunya. Elles peuvent également partager la dengue (maladie potentiellement mortelle). 7 foyers autochtones de cette "grippe tropicale" ont été identifiés en France métropolitaine depuis début juillet. Les moustiques Culex, plus communs, qui portent en eux la fièvre du Nil se répandent également. Face à ce phénomène, les autorités sanitaires tentent de réagir en multipliant les messages de prévention. Les collectivités locales, elles, lancent des opérations visant à limiter leur propagation. Mais, les spécialistes le reconnaissent : vouloir supprimer une bonne fois pour toutes les moustiques est illusoire. Dès lors, faut-il apprendre à vivre avec ?On en débat avec Marine Grosset, infectiologue au CHU d'Angoulême, François Lasserre, entomologiste et auteur, et Louis Lambrechts, directeur de recherche au département de virologie de l'Institut Pasteur. Enfin, Xavier Mauduit revient sur l'histoire du bâtiment de la mairie de Pau alors que son hôte, François Bayrou, s'apprête à y engager “40 000 euros” de rénovation. Puis, Marie Bonnisseau nous raconte comment la Finlande va retirer le svastika de l'emblème de son armée de l'air.28 minutes est le magazine d'actualité d'ARTE, présenté par Élisabeth Quin du lundi au jeudi à 20h05. Renaud Dély est aux commandes de l'émission le vendredi et le samedi. Ce podcast est coproduit par KM et ARTE Radio. Enregistrement 2 septembre 2025 Présentation Élisabeth Quin Production KM, ARTE Radio

L'émission 28 minutes du 02/09/2025 Chikungunya, dengue : la France doit-elle déclarer la guerre aux moustiques ?La nouvelle hérisse le poil. À Bergerac (Dordogne), 31 cas de chikungunya ont été recensés par l'Agence régionale de santé, lundi 1er septembre. Des contaminations causées par les moustiques tigres, à l'origine de maux de tête ou encore de fièvre, jugées autochtones, ce qui indique que leur origine est locale. Mais, la sonnette d'alarme commence à être tirée en dehors de la région. Au 26 août, 30 foyers de transmission autochtone de chikungunya ont été identifiés dans l'Hexagone. Les régions Occitanie, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur et Nouvelle-Aquitaine sont touchées par ces insectes à rayures. Et le bât blesse car ces petites bêtes ne s'arrêtent pas à la transmission du chikungunya. Elles peuvent également partager la dengue (maladie potentiellement mortelle). 7 foyers autochtones de cette "grippe tropicale" ont été identifiés en France métropolitaine depuis début juillet. Les moustiques Culex, plus communs, qui portent en eux la fièvre du Nil se répandent également. Face à ce phénomène, les autorités sanitaires tentent de réagir en multipliant les messages de prévention. Les collectivités locales, elles, lancent des opérations visant à limiter leur propagation. Mais, les spécialistes le reconnaissent : vouloir supprimer une bonne fois pour toutes les moustiques est illusoire. Dès lors, faut-il apprendre à vivre avec ?On en débat avec Marine Grosset, infectiologue au CHU d'Angoulême, François Lasserre, entomologiste et auteur, et Louis Lambrechts, directeur de recherche au département de virologie de l'Institut Pasteur. 28 minutes est le magazine d'actualité d'ARTE, présenté par Élisabeth Quin du lundi au jeudi à 20h05. Renaud Dély est aux commandes de l'émission le vendredi et le samedi. Ce podcast est coproduit par KM et ARTE Radio. Enregistrement 2 septembre 2025 Présentation Élisabeth Quin Production KM, ARTE Radio

In this special presentation, Lt. Gen. Tony Bauernfeind '91, USAFA's 22nd superintendent, shares an inside look into cadet development and answers graduate questions. Hosted by Lt. Col. (Ret.) Naviere Walkewicz '99, this episode dives into the Academy's mission and how it is preparing our nation's future warfighters.   FULL TRANSCRIPT SPEAKERS Guest:  Lt. Gen. Tony Bauernfeind '91  |  Host:  Lt. Col. (Ret.)Navire Walkewicz '99   Naviere Walkewicz This special edition of the Air Force Gradcast is a production of the Long Blue Line Podcast Network, presented by the U.S. Air Force Academy Association & Foundation. I'm your host, Lt. Col. (Ret.) Naviere Walkewicz, Class of '99. We're honored to feature the superintendent of the United States Air Force Academy, Lt. Gen. Tony Bauernfeind, Class of '91. In this presentation, Gen. Bauernfeind will share important updates on current initiatives and developments at our Air Force Academy. Following his remarks, he and I will sit down for a conversation, during which he'll respond to questions submitted by graduates in our alumni community. So now, without further ado, Gen. Bauernfeind. Thank you for being here, sir.   Gen. Bauernfeind Well, Naviere, thank you so much for allowing us to come and share our story of our wonderful Air Force Academy. And thank you as well to the Association of Graduates and the Foundation for all of the incredible support that we receive to develop our future leaders into the warrior leaders that we need on Day 1 in our Air Force and Space Force.   Naviere Walkewicz Yes, sir, we are grateful you're here, and we can't wait to hear what you're able to share with us today, sir, so we can jump ahead if you're ready.   Gen. Bauernfeind Wonderful. So I would like to share with you an updated mission brief of where we are going at the United States Air Force Academy. And during this time, I'd like to share not only our leadership team that's taking on the transformation that has been mandated, but also to update our alumni on our mission, our vision, our priorities and our mission sets, as well as talk about how we are creating warfighters, leaders of character and quality, and critical thinkers, and provide an update of how we are transforming this amazing institution to develop those warrior leaders that we need to keep our adversaries at bay. So as always, I'd like to start all briefings with a little video that highlights what our cadets are doing and our incredible public affairs team and video team put together the following video that shows what our cadets have been doing over the last six months... ...So you can see that our cadets have been absolutely busy over the last few months, and I can attest that this summer is they brought the problems up even more and are bringing even more energy to their training, their education, their development. But let me first talk about the amazing team at the senior leadership levels at the United States Air Force Academy, because we cannot do what we're doing without this incredible team. So first, we're welcoming reader Gen. Nicholas Evans as our new vice superintendent, coming out as the 18th Wing commander at Kadena Air Base, bringing a wonderful operational experience to bear, as well as academic bona fides to be our vice superintendent. Our command chief remains Command Chief John Alsvig and our commandant remains to be Brig. Gen. Marks and Col. Steve Hasstedt is our acting dean as we work to bring a new dean into bear. Ms. Gail Colvin is our stalwart chief of staff, with her wisdom from the Class of '80 that keeps us moving forward. Ms. Jen Block is our executive athletic director. Mr. Nate Pine is our director of athletics, and our brand new wing commander, the 10th Air Base Wing, Col. Ahave Brown. And we all know that nothing happens at USAFA without the 10th Air Base wing providing the foundational support. But also Col. Taylor from the 306 Flying Training Wing, and Col. Silva is our space detachment commander, and it's important that we have all those leaders that are helping us transform USAFA. And to that transformation, we talk about our updated mission statement that was approved last fall. And that updated mission statement is that “USAFA's mission is to forge leaders of character motivated to a lifetime of service and developed to lead our Air Force and Space Force as we fight and win our nation's wars.” And for the alumni, as we went through this mission statement development, we realized that there are many activities we take on at the United States Air Force Academy. There's education, there's training, there's motivation, inspiration, development. And we realized that we are taking the most amazing women and men from all four corners of this United States, and we're bringing them here as raw materials, and we are taking them through high-stress military, academic and athletic programs to forge them into something stronger than what they were when they showed up. And those are the leaders of character. We also wanted to make sure that we highlighted that it's about delivering a lifetime of service to our nation. It doesn't mean that every graduate needs to do 34-plus years in active duty like I'm currently doing, but continue to give back, whether that's in active duty, the Guard the Reserve, to your community in the defense industry, as an elected official or as a key supporter in our alumni networks — keep serving our nation. And then finally, an acknowledgement that we, alongside our teammates at West Point and Annapolis, have a very special mandate that we are developing those warrior leaders that will fight and win our nation's wars. While we hope that we will achieve peace through strength and deter our adversaries, we must always be ready when the nation calls and we will go forward and deliver victory for our nation. So it's important in our mission, but a mission will only take us so far. And the next step is acknowledging that we must have a vision. What is our North Star? And our North Star is we will remain and continue to be the nation's premier service academy. That we're bringing in rigorous, adversary-focused military training, military training that achieves a standard, that achieves a requirement, and not just training for training sake. But also maintain our level as a nationally recognized academic program with highly competitive athletics, and acknowledging that for us to deliver on those four, we must continue to sustain a world-class installation. But more importantly, continue to bring in professional and dedicated permanent party into our faculty. Our coaches, our headquarters, our installation support requires our outstanding permanent party. And so our vision moves us forward. And from our mission and our vision, we have established three key priorities, and those priorities will guide our decision making. But let me take your attention to the bottom first. The bottom is our foundational aspect, that we build all of our aspects upon our service core values of our Air Force and our Space Force of integrity first, service before self, excellence in all we do, courage, character, connection and commitment. And those we build upon further foundationally to acknowledge that we are in the military and all aspects of military operations activities require a strict adherence to standard. What is the task that we are executing? What are the conditions on which we will execute those tasks? And what standards do we expect, especially in high end warfare, where our standards are so tight. We also acknowledge that what is special about us is our Honor Code. It is foundational to our character, and we'll talk more about that as we build upon this. But realizing that the Class of '59 that established our Honor Code. It has been foundational to the development of our leaders of character and quality as a board, and then adding into the fact that leaders who built lethal warfighting teams — they do it from a position of respect and teamwork, that they take their team and they support them, they hold them accountable, but they push them to rise above what they could think they could personally achieve. And how do we build those future leaders that are going to take teammates from all four corners of this United States and make sure every single teammate is seen, heard and valued and can give everything possible to the mission at hand? And that leads us to our priorities. That our priorities are we are here to forge warfighters to win, to inspire leaders of character and quality, and finally, to motivate critical thinkers to adapt, because all three are important. And that takes us to our mission sets, because those three priorities span across everything we do in a cadet's journey at the United States Air Force Academy. And the first is acknowledging the military training aspect. That military training goes beyond just learning how to put a uniform on, just how to march correctly, but also understanding how to operate inside of Air Force and Space Force norms and take on those military training activities that our Air Force and Space Force are taking on right now with Ready Airmen Training and the ability to execute agile combat deployment. And that's activities like being able to shoot, move, communicate, medicate and automate, but also acknowledging that we also must have that world-class academic program that challenges our future leaders not what to think, but how to think, and to do that from a warfighting-focused curriculum that is very STEM focused, but also leans in hard to how we can leverage the incredible intellect that these cadets are bringing in today and unleash them on some of the hardest Air Force and Space Force problems through our research programs as we lean into it. And then finally, as we talk about our competitive athletics, that athletics is a key aspect of the cadet's journey, whether it be through our 30 incredible intercollegiate sports teams, our intramural programs, our physical education programs, or finally our physical fitness tests that demonstrate the warrior ethos that is being expected of a military service academy, and it's important that we look across those. But let me talk about a little further of our priorities from those three lenses. The first is the aspect of warfighters win, of how we're bringing in training such as shoot, move, communicate, medicate and automate. And I've heard some teammates are going, “Why are we doing this ground focused training?” And at the end of the day, it's not ground focused training, it's joint force training. This is where our Air Force is going. That we still need to be able to succeed in the air, space, cyber domains, but we must also deliver excellence in these domains. With shoot, I requested that all of our cadets now become qualified in their long gun, the M4, and their sidearm, the M18, every single year. So now they'll have the confidence of their weapons when they have to go forward into harm's way. The same with move and communicate. Can they understand the aspects of mission command, especially in future fights where we may not have the best connectivity with our highest headquarters? Will they understand commander's intent and still be able to generate the combat power we need to keep our adversaries on their heels? Finally, to medicate. Over the last few decades, we have benefited from the golden hour, where we had such dominance that when we had a teammate isolated or injured, we would have medical care a rescue capability to them inside the hour. Future battlefields will likely not give us that luxury. So we must teach our future leaders those advanced medical capabilities to take care of their injured teammates while they're continuing to generate combat power. And finally, as we have seen from the Iranian wars and the Ukrainian wars, automation is here and part of modern warfare. And so how are we going to bring automation capabilities to our future leaders so they can develop the new TTPs that we are working through. And again, thank you to the Association of Graduates and Foundation, because you all provided the seed funding for our first automation efforts this summer. So thank you so much. And let me dig in a little further on why warfighters win. And from our president and our secretary of defense, it has been very clear that they want us to establish peace through strength, that we must develop our ways in three areas: to restore the warrior ethos, to rebuild our military and to reestablish deterrence. And we have gotten that guidance very clear from our leadership, and we will prepare our future leaders in that mind. And we have added that over the last year by bringing in year round warfighting training. So not only during the summer periods, but also through the academic year, are we asking our future warrior leaders to take on the military mission, the academic mission and the athletic mission as we move forward. And as discussed, it is directly aligned to our Air Force with Ready Airman Training and our agile combat employment. And over the last year, we took our baby steps. We're not where we need to be, but I can tell you I'm proud of how far we've come, because we moved forward with energy and violence through the fall and spring culminating exercises. I'm proud of how far we've come, but now for this year, we're gonna enter into the walk phase, because we have more to go. And with that in mind, there's been conversations of recognition and promotion, and that is tied not only to our leadership development, but also to our warfighting training. And it's an acknowledgement that for every year you at the Air Force Academy, we are purposely developing you and increasing your capabilities. And so we are going to provide the expectations for your year, whether you're four-degree, three-degree, two-degree or first-degree — a firstie — and you must meet those training standards, and if you do not meet the training standards, then we are not going to recognize you for your past work, but if you meet our standards, then we are going to recognize you for the good work and promote you to the next grade. But the ultimate promotion being a Second Lieutenant in our Air Force and Space Force as it goes forward. Over the last year, there are teeth of this. We did have 153 cadets that were not recognized due to not meeting the standards, but we are now providing them the options over the summer and this fall to now meet the standards as we move forward. Also this year, focusing on warfighting, is acknowledging that we must arm the cadets to be the instructors. Last year, we did it very quickly. Now we're going to take advantage of our incredible cadets, just like our cadets do exceptional things — teaching each other how to fly, teaching other each other how to jump during our freefall program — but now we are working through the cadet warfighter instructor course, a beta course, where we will teach cadets to be those instructors inside of our squadrons in the academic year, to take on how to teach, how to shoot, to move, to communicate, automate and medicate. And we are one more week left in our inaugural cadet warfighter instructor course. I know we will learn much from this beta iteration, but I'm excited to see what we learned from this as we go into the academic year and unleash these cadets and train ourselves. We're also very appreciative from the Foundation for the establishment of the Institute for Future Conflict. And the Institute for Future Conflict has been around for a couple of years and has already forced us to focus and think differently. And I would offer to you the reason behind that is because they are focused on our adversaries. So I like to call them our adversary focused disruptors. They are going to bring ideas to bear that force us to change the way we develop our cadets for the future, because they're looking at what our adversaries are doing. And as such, we made the decision to elevate them into Headquarters USAFA, so they can have a wider impact, not only within the dean of faculty, but also within the Cadet Wing and the Athletic Department, so we can ensure that we are bringing those disruptive thoughts and putting them into in place so we prepare our leaders for a very uncertain world, to include bringing realism into the training that our cadets are taking on. We're also acknowledging academically, there's more that we have to do with our intellect. And over the last year, we have added three additional warfighting minors, one on quantum, one on aerospace materials, and we're in the final stages of establishing a warfighting minor on future conflict. Hopefully that we will be able to start providing that to our cadets over the next year, as we went into that so very excited to the growth in our academic options. And then finally, athletically, we're updating our PT standards, and we're adding additional PE courses for our future leaders. Our future leaders — we will increase water survival, especially when we look to the future and the regions where we expect to potentially have conflict, increased water survival is important — as well as increased combatives, and we're still in the final stages of planning of how we can bring a team focused final warfighting capstone physical education course that brings all of that physical education together for a team-focused event for our firsties, but still in the planning stages of that. And as discussed, updating our PT standards to align with our Air Force and our Space Force, with an acknowledgement that simply what we were doing is adding minimums to each of the caveats to ensure that you must pass each individual event while also meeting a score-based event as we move forward. Again, aligning with our Air Force and Space Force. Now, as we transform, it's not just about warfighters to win. It's also about leaders of character and quality. As I like to say, it's developing leaders who do the right thing the right way, even if it's unpopular, because we must have leaders that are willing to stand up and do the right thing for the formation. And we focused on that. We have focused on reinforcing standards and accountability. While initially it was permanent party coming in fairly strong to establish the standards and accountability, what we quickly saw from our amazing future generation was cadets going, “We've got this. We will establish it. We will uphold our standards. We will uphold our accountability.” And to me, that's very important to see that our next generation is taking ownership of that key leadership aspect, to even include honor. As many know, we had a pretty significant honor violation last year. The bad news is that occurred. The good news is it was the cadets themselves who came forward and said, “This happened, and this is our way forward.” As in all situations, though, anytime you point a finger at somebody, three fingers pointing back at yourself, we realized that institutionally, we had probably lowered the standards too far. We didn't expect enough, and we had parsed the Honor Code. And we made the decision to return to our roots and say, “No, the Honor Code is holistic. It will not be parsed.” But we do acknowledge that these amazing men and women that come from all four corners are coming to us in different stages of their character development, and so the sanctions that come from an honor violation for somebody with us for a few weeks or a couple months may be far different than the sanctions of somebody that are weeks or months out from commissioning and graduation. So ensuring that we have a tiered sanction system to deal with our honor violations. I'm very proud of the ownership that our cadets took with our honor system, and we are reinforcing their efforts as we move forward. We've also pivoted strongly to a four-class system. My observation was is through time at the Air Force Academy, we've ebbed and flowed from a four-class leadership development system to a fourth-class leadership development system. I would offer that we had gone to the point where the majority of training and focus was on the four-degrees, when we are blessed to have these our future leaders for 47 months, and we should be developing them the entire 47 months. And so we have developed the fourth-class leadership system, where for their four-degree year, we will focus them on being good teammates and followers. For the three-degree year, we will focus on them being good frontline engaged supervisors, two-degrees as team leaders and firsties as unit leaders, representing those roles in our Air Force from cadet squadron commander to DO, to executive officer, to A1 through A6 staff positions and flight commander and taking on those responsibilities. And again, just like we talked about work by training, there's assessment mechanisms for each of these that they must meet leadership assessments that will go into whether or not they are recognized and promoted to the next grade, as it moves forward. We executed the first year. Last year, I would offer that it was successful, but we've learned much from the process, and as we go into the second year, I think we're going to be able to go even further with our four-class leadership and development. We've also doubled down on discipline, that standards and accountability are important, and if you fail to meet our standards, then you must be held accountable, not only with punitive aspects, but also with rehabilitative aspects. It's a two-edged pincer movement as we went forward, and from my time at the Academy, I will offer to you, while I may not have enjoyed it at the time, I benefited greatly from both, because it forced me to reflect upon what got me in that situation and how I can take ownership of my own development as we move forward. So that is one of the aspects we return to. And then finally, for our National Character and Leadership Symposium: Let's focus on those character elements that we find through warfighting. And so last fall's was focused on, how are we going to develop warfighters to win? And then for next year, we're going to focus on the courage required to overcome adversity in a warfighting environment. And so I'm very excited as we get the speakers identified for both the fall, a shorter fall iteration, and the normal spring iteration, sharing those speakers with the wider alumni environment. And then finally, talking about those critical thinkers to adapt. I jokingly tell our cadets that, since I was in the '90s, we got to solve all the easy problems, and all that is left are all the wicked hard problems, but we need those critical thinkers to adapt, because they are going to bring the ingenuity, they're going to bring the innovation, and what I've challenged them is they also have to bring the courage to challenge the status quo. Too many times in our military, when we ask why we do something, if the answer is, “We've always done it that way,” then maybe we need to rethink and understand, are there better ways to do it? And I can tell you, our cadets bring that to bear. And so for this year, we're really focused on cadet empowerment and responsibility. Last year with the mandate, we moved very quickly, and we were more directive in nature. And what we heard loud and clear is that cadets hurdled over our expectations. What we heard loud and clear from them was, “We want to control the way forward.” And so how do we empower them more? And how do we make it clear that they are responsible not only for their mission, but their people? And adding to that of spending more time with them with these changes of why are we doing this change, and making sure that they understand the rest of the story. You may not always like the why, but if you have an appreciation of the why, its foundation will be able to execute mission command, because you now understand commander's intent, and you now can go, “I know the why. We can keep moving forward, because we can move forward with that.” We're also focusing on operationalizing all of the United States Air Force Academy, bringing that operational mindset to bear, from whether it would be establishing an A2 directorate in the headquarters and the cadet wing and in all cadet squadrons, and the DA2 director being our intelligence directorate, so that we can start to bring in classified intelligence briefings and give them not only to a permanent party, but to our future leaders. And we started that last January to great success, so that our future leaders can start to understand not only our and our allies capabilities, but our adversary capabilities and how we will conduct our joint warfighting aspects as we move forward. And it's important that we continue to bring in those operational matters so we prepare the cadets of today for the second lieutenants of tomorrow that can seamlessly nest in to how our Air Force and our Space Force operates. And that's a nicer way of saying is some of the USAFA unique things we've done— we probably need to think about how we're doing that in our Air Force and Space Force. We're also doubling down that cadet squadrons are the unit of action, just like it is in our Air Force, that the squadron is the unit of action. And it's tough at USAFA where you may prioritize your IC team, or your major, or your club, but at the end of the day, it's going to be the squadron that succeeds together as a team. And so we are focusing on making sure that we are reinforcing what the cadet squadrons are doing. They are going to go through their military training together. They're going to go through their culminating exercises together, same as recognition and promotion. And that's important as we focus on the four-class system of those teammates, followers, frontline engaged supervisors, team leaders, unit leaders, but also acknowledging that we must empower cadet leaders to own the responsibility of their units. And I recently sat down with cadet squadron commanders and their special staffs and said, “Congratulations, you're the cadet commanders. You are responsible for two things: your mission and your people. It's not just about marching at the front of a formation. It's about executing the mission you've been given, whether that mission be military, academics or athletics, and taking care of your people.” And as such, we have established special staffs inside of each cadet squadron, every wing in the Air Force, most groups and many squadrons have special staff to both support the unit, but more importantly, advise the commander, because the commander is the one who's ultimately responsible for their people. And so we are bringing cadet special staff — which they may not be the subject matter experts in equal opportunity, integrated prevention response, spiritual matters or medical matters. They are there to support the squadron, advise the commander and have that connectivity to our subject matter experts, whether it be our chaplaincy, whether that be our amazing medical group and cadet clinic, our amazing SAPR team and all the helping agencies across USAFA to make sure that we can support all of our cadets going through a high-demand developmental program at the United States Air Force Academy. And the twist on that is again, saying, “Commanders, you are the ones who are responsible.” And now let's give you the tools to be successful as the permanent party are there to advise and oversight, empower our cadets even more. And then the final one is a return to decorum training. We conducted a beta test last year to success, and now we're looking to see how we can bring forward that decorum training for the entirety of the Cadet Wing. I am not this is not a return to the days of wine pairings, you know, but it is an acknowledgement that as an officer in our Air Force and Space Force, when you go to events, you're not only representing yourself, you're representing your team, you're representing your unit. And what are those decorum skills you need to have at events so that you can develop networks with teammates that might be outside your normal operational circle, or how do you ensure how you engage with other teammates so you can learn more about the world you're in? And so it's important that we establish that decorum focus and looking forward to how we can squeeze that in into the complicated lives of all of our cadets as we move forward. And then, just to reinforce on the critical thinking, I've already talked about the three minors we added, but I'm proud to say that we're in close coordination right now with Gen. Tullos at Air University and about to sign the memorandum of understanding where we will start a beta test for offering master's degree classes at the United States Air Force Academy, with the long-term intent of offering master's degrees at United States Air Force Academy under the Air Force Institute of Technology certification. So we have much to learn, but the doorway is open, and I can tell you from looking at so many of our cadets that come in with 20, 30, 40 college credit hours already, I think we have cadets that are ready to take on that journey, and I look forward to giving an update on that after we get through some of our initial how does this work process. So just to summarize: Our mission, our vision, our priorities are delivering what we need. And it's those warrior leaders that are ready on Day 1 in our Air Force and Space Force. And thanks to our amazing team, whether it be in the senior leader team, but more importantly, those incredible permanent party that are working long hours, whether it's in Fairchild Hall, Sijan Hall, Vandenberg Hall, in the tunnels, in the heat plant, in the Child Development Center, down at Clune Arena, out in Jacks Valley — our permanent party are crushing it, and it's important because our nation deserves the best leaders that we can give the 330,000 airmen and guardians that are standing watch for our nation. Thank you.   Naviere Walkewicz Thank you for sharing the mission brief. I think many of us as graduates think we know what happens at the Academy, but you actually sharing what you accomplished in just a year is a bit mind blowing, sir.   Gen. Bauernfeind Thank you. And I, at times, am concerned at how fast we are moving, but I also know that we must move this fast. The adversaries are watching us, and they are choosing when is the right time to test our nation. And so in order to achieve peace through strength, we must display that deterrence, that warfighting ethos, that warfighting capability. So we keep our adversaries waking up every single morning going, “Today is not today to test the United States.”   Naviere Walkewicz Yes, sir, that is right on point. Yes, sir. Well, I would like to thank you in advance for taking on additional questions from our alumni and our graduate community. So if we might start, general, with some of the information across various channels that cuts about to our academics and the Department of Faculty, what would you be willing to share about the civilian workforce reductions and any next to the Academy's academic faculty?   Gen. Bauernfeind First and foremost, the reduction of civilians is not just civilian faculty. It's through all civilians at the United States Air Force Academy, and as we're tracking, throughout the entire Department of Defense. What makes it a little more challenging at the United States Air Force Academy is we have so many different civilian teammates, from firefighters to childcare workers to coaches to headquarters staff, personnel and faculty. And as we lean into the aspect, the conversations about all of our civilian teammates. The first challenge that we faced is historically, the United States Air Force Academy has been over our civilian paid budget, and we've received great support from the Department of Air Force to address our over execution. This year is a little different, and so that has to be a baseline consideration as we understand that— that we have to hire and maintain civilian teammates within the budget that the American public has given us as a lean forward. And to that point, thank you to the Association of Graduates and the Foundation, as well as other Academy-focused foundations that have provided volunteer and funded volunteer support to give us that additional margin of excellence that helps us mitigate this matter. With respect to fiscal year '25, our Air Force is going through a reduction of civilian personnel to the tune of 5,000 billets. Of those 5,000 billets, the portion of the United States Air Force Academy was a part of was a 140 billets. And as we have moved through that reduction of 140 billets, we identified 104 billets as we went through our prioritization that were unencumbered or empty, but lower priority. Unfortunately, there are 36 billets that were encumbered, so someone inside of that billet as we move forward. And the goal with that is to continually work over the coming months of how we can move teammates laterally into open billets, either at the United States Air Force Academy or other locations. So we keep their expertise inside of the greater Air Force, Space Force enterprise, and our A1 team continues to work that aspect. But it's also making sure that we're being very clear with our teammates that when those billets become unfunded, at some point without funding, we're having to pay for that billet via other means. And so it's important for us to have frank conversations with our teammates, to say, “Update your resume. Start looking. At some point this will move forward.” With respect to our faculty members, 16 took advantage of the government's deferred resignation program, which was a well-funded early retirement program which allowed them to leave in the spring under and basically on admin leave and retain their pay to later in the fall/winter timeframe as that moves forward. We also had three that already had planned retirements, so they were moving forward. Unfortunately, we see a hiring freeze so no backfill. But also three whose terms are many of our senior faculty, our term employees, at the end of their term came. And so we have backfilled them with active-duty and Reserve military faculty to keep our academic progress going forward. And thanks to our dean and their team, they are, you know, quickly adjusting, but they are making the changes they need to ensure that we continue to offer the majors that we promised through the Class of '26 and continue to offer the courses as we move forward. For the fall semester, in addition to the three minors we've added, we've also added four additional classes, and there are 10 classes of the 753 in our course of instruction, there are 10 that we will not offer in the fall semester, but we will continue to still move forward.   Naviere Walkewicz Yes, sir, thank you for that. You talked about backfills. Can you talk about some of the most important competencies for those instructors, as they were backfilling these positions right?   Gen. Bauernfeind As I testified to the Senate earlier this spring, the two most important things to me inside of our classroom is: One is subject matter expertise, and we value the subject matter expertise brought to us by our professors, associate professors, our assistant professors, our permanent professors, our senior military faculty, and the depth they provide, initially with a master's degree, but more importantly, those Ph.D.s that were an extreme depth of that subject matter expertise. But also as a military service academy— that operationally relevant experience, how do they apply what they're learning in the classroom into their futures in the Air Force and Space Force, whether that be in labs on operational units and future battlefields, and how they can connect that to the future. And we have many of our civilian faculty are also veterans, who are able to bring that strong connection to bear as it moves forward.   Naviere Walkewicz Yes, sir. Well, you mentioned you were adding a couple a few minors. Have there been any majors that have been removed from the program, and has this affected our accreditation in any way?   Gen. Bauernfeind No, ma'am, no majors have been impacted during this time. Every single year, we go through a curriculum review, and we have a curriculum review committee where we will adjust as we move forward based upon guidance we receive from the Air Force and Space Force, but also what demand signals we're seeing from our cadets. You know what they're signing up for. But that is just an annual aspect to make sure that we have the right instructor core to support the curriculum we need to develop and educate our future leaders what the Air Force and Space Force is expecting. But zero majors have been eliminated from the United States Air Force Academy.   Naviere Walkewicz Thank you, sir for clearing that up.   Gen. Bauernfeind Oh, and accreditation. We're in a good spot with accreditation. We maintain continual conversation with our accrediting bodies, whether it be the Higher Learning Commission or several of the engineering- or STEM-focused accrediting bodies such as ABET, we're still in a good spot. In fact, this year, we just approved our quality initiative, which is a key aspect to sustaining not only our accreditation, but showing that we're continuing to improve ourselves, and that quality initiative will focus strongly on data science, throughout all of our curriculum.   Naviere Walkewicz Yes, sir. I think that's wonderful. I know a lot of graduates were, you know, maybe didn't have all the information, so I think that's wonderful that you just shared that. Something interesting you talked about your brief was some master's, a beta testing for a master's program, working with AFIT. Can you expand a bit more about that? And then do you see the Academy becoming a five-year institution, or we will stay four years, 47 months?   Gen. Bauernfeind Right now, I believe that we will still stay a 47-month program because our academic program is 47 months; our athletic program is 47 months, and most importantly, our leadership development and military program is 47 months. For the AFIT program, the vision is — these amazing young Americans come in with so much academic credit. Many of them now are part of the Martinson Scholar Program. And thanks to Mr. Martinson's great support, we have a program that can focus on them going even further. What we can offer them now, the majority are taking multiple majors and multiple minors. What if, in the future, you didn't want to do multiple majors or minors, but you want to go and start on your master's degree, which many other institutes of higher learning are offering in a parallel aspect? And so in conversation with Gen. Tullos, how can we start allowing cadets as early as their junior year start taking master's programs and achieve what would be required? Initial assessment is we will have some that can probably achieve it in 47 months, but probably the greater group will need to stay the Academy for maybe six or 12 more months as a second lieutenant to finish up their AFIT courseware. So they would stop their 47-month USAFA program, but continue with their master's program in the classroom in Fairchild and finish out their master's here. Is the vision— and we're working through this. I want to be very clear that this is beta. We have a lot to learn in this. And from my perspective, as I work with the Air Force to get greater support for this, this is going to be a strong cost saver for the Air Force. When our Air Force officers go to get master's degree, as a general rule, they are out of their operational career field for two years as they go to execute their 18-month AFIT program, plus two associated PCSs. Now we show not only a time saving, but a cost savings. And now these second lieutenants are entering, a portion of them, are entering their air force or Space Force with a master's degree. And it is not uncommon for many of our second lieutenants right now to even start their initial training, depending on what training is available until the spring of the next year after they graduate. So I see a strong promise, but we've got a lot of work to do to make it a reality.   Naviere Walkewicz Yes, sir. Well, that's creative and innovative thinking right there. I think that we're very excited to hear more about that, especially as the beta testing moves forward. Sir, maybe we can move into the warfighting realm. Graduates have been very interested in the renewed focus on warfighting that you've taken over the past year. What recent programs or military training taking place at USAFA right now are really supporting this development of the warfighter. Ready to lead on Day 1?   Gen. Bauernfeind So I believe we've always had a strong foundation of warfighting training, whether it be our airmanship programs, our powered flight programs, our jump programs, our special warfare programs and basic cadet training and cadet survival. But we're building upon that, and we're adding to those as great examples. As discussed earlier, if we can fight for the ammunition, we will have every single cadet qualify on both weapons every single year. The Class of '29 for the M18, the pistol, they qualified at a rate at about 65%. For the M4, the long gun, at a rate of 93%. I'm very proud of those numbers, because many of those young men and women— that was the first time they touched a weapon in their lives. And now, if they do it three more times before they graduate, those qualification rates are going to skyrocket, and they're going to have the confidence, when they deploy into harm's way, of their weapons. Additionally, thanks to the great work by the Cadet Wing, we have received 4,000 sets of chemical gear. And so not only in basic training, are they learning how to establish a forward operating base, defend it, but we're going past the days of where we walked into a tent, took our mask off and then dealt with the wonderful fluids that came out of our bodies. But now, going forward, to how are you going to conduct ATSO operations, or the ability to survive and operate in deployed locations with chemical gear on? And we're very proud to partake in some of that training with the basic cadets, and they are really taking to understanding what is required. And then the final aspect is, as discussed, the cadet warfighter instructor course, is acknowledging that to be really good at those items, we need some subject matter expertise. But the subject matter expertise required to lead, train and certify 4,000 cadets every year, we have to rely on cadet leaders, and as discussed, they're in the field as we speak in the inaugural cadet warfighter instructor course. And I look forward to seeing the feedback of how they will come back and do the squadrons. And tying that back to the cadets wanting more ownership of their training — the intent is 12 cadets inside of each cadet squadron that will now take on the responsibility through the academic year of that warfighter training that we will assess in the fall CULEX, and the ultimate assessment in the spring CULEX.   Naviere Walkewicz Sir, it really shows how you're building that expertise within the squadron to support the squadron commander so they really are taking care of their people. I think that's outstanding.   Gen. Bauernfeind And very excited about it.  And I just want to say thank you again, because it was due to the generosity of the Foundation that got us the seed to start the automation, with 29 Group 2, the smaller UAVs, as we see automation and all monitor warfighting, unleashing the cadets on how they're going to use those UAVs to defend their forward operating bases, to understand what's across the ridgeline as they move forward. And very excited to see where the cadets will take us in this, because I'm sure they're gonna be far more innovative than my generation.   Naviere Walkewicz Our generation, sir, yes, sir. Well, you talked about the four-class system and I think that was really relevant for our graduates to hear. How are cadets feeling motivated through this process? And have you seen them evolve over the past year since you started implementing that?   Gen. Bauernfeind I think the first aspect was— it took them time to truly understand what we were laying out as it went forward. And every year we do this, we will get a little more advanced at the end of the day. I think our four-degrees understood it. That was good. It was that they understood what it meant to be a teammate. What it meant to be a teammate, follower, and that was an easier aspect to develop them through. The team leaders at the senior NCO level for the two-degrees and the firsties as unit leaders, they started understanding that. The biggest challenge we saw was with the three-degrees. What does it mean to be a frontline, engaged supervisor? And we have to troop lead them through, “This is what it means to be a frontline, engaged supervisor.” That they are your subordinate. But to take best care of your people, you should know where they're from. You should know about their parents. You should know their dog's name. You should know where their birthday is. You should know when their next chemistry test is, when their next PT test is. And while you may not be able to tutor them on chemistry, you can gather and motivate them for, “Hey, if the PT test is three weeks out, let's go run together. Let's go get on the pull up bar together. Let's, you know, be engaged.” And the more you know your teammates, what I offer to you, whether it be in morning formation, noon meal formation, at the tables at Mitchell Hall, in the halls of your squadron, inside of 30 seconds you're gonna see your teammates, your subordinate, and you're gonna know if they're gonna have a good day or bad day, because you're close enough to know, just quickly, OK, they're gonna have a great day or something's going on. “Let's go take a walk. Let's figure out what's driving you down. And how can I, as a frontline engaged supervisor, start taking barriers out of your way?”   Naviere Walkewicz I mean, I can only imagine that giving them more pride, even now that they understand, “This is how I can be a frontline supervisor,” when you give us very specific examples. Well, if we might shift gears a little bit to admissions and graduation. Since we just had a class join us, and we had a class recently graduate, maybe you can tell us how the Class of '29 how they're faring so far.   Gen. Bauernfeind The Class of '29 are doing great. I am impressed by their professionalism. I'm impressed by their energy. And as you saw, as we just did the recent march back, they were loud and proud. That was really good as it went forward. And for the Class of '29, I'm proud to report that they are faring very well. Just so everybody knows, we had over 9,000 completed applications. We offered 1,411 offers of admission, and 1,112 took the oath on I-Day as it moved forward. We had cadets from every single state and territories of Guam and Puerto Rico, as well as 12 international cadets that joined us. Of those, 117 from Prep School came up the Hill. And then 76 are, you know, part of a prior Long Blue Line as it's coming forward as it goes. Of the Class of '29, 55% were in the top 10% of their class, and 96 were all invited on varsity sports. Right now we are, as coming out of basic training, of 1,095 and during that time, they're still going strong. We did have some teammates that didn't have a full appreciation of what military life was, or may not have been as impassioned about the Academy as their parents, and so we've parted ways with a few small numbers. But during basic training, I can proudly say— we talked about the qualifications on the weapons, but also say they took their very first PFT test, and looking back over the last five years, they, on average, scored 15 points higher than the last five years. And that's a testament to two teams, I would offer to you, well, not only the cadets themselves, who had to do it, but all of our admissions team that's out there saying, “Hey, congratulations, you've been admitted. Start preparing now.” But also our athletic director, athletic department team that was out there giving them good, focused training to prepare them for those physical fitness tests. And they just took PFT No. 2 a couple days ago, and we're accessing the data but all indications are it's trending up.   Naviere Walkewicz No, yes, sir. Those are outstanding numbers. As a country, we're seeing admission rates and the challenge of getting the best of the best into the door, the fact that we had such wonderful numbers coming in, and we're attriting very low, I think it's something we should be proud of.   Gen. Bauernfeind I'm very proud of it, but acknowledge it's a tough— it's a knife fight to get the best of the brightest, and so thanks to Air Education and Training Command and Accessions Command, we are going to try a new marketing contract this year to further make sure that the amazing young Americans throughout all four corners truly understand the opportunity in front of them with the Air Force Academy, and make sure they're aware of it. So I'm excited to see how that marketing campaign goes to even up our numbers, even a little bit more.   Naviere Walkewicz Awesome. Yes, sir. Well, sir, in the realm of athletics, last year, you shared an emphasis for cadet support and participation at more of our athletic events. What have you seen come from that? And what can you share about athletics, intramurals most currently?   Gen. Bauernfeind It's one of our three mission sets: athletics. And it's not just for our IC athletes. I jokingly tell some of the teammates to say, “Tell me about a cadets life.” It's like, well, they have three full time jobs, a military job, an academic job and an athletic job, and they really get a bachelor of science in time management. And that's as we go forward. But I've asked the athletic department, you know, during COVID, our intramural program atrophied, and now we have to see, how can we really enhance our intramurals as it goes forward. But I'm especially also proud of our intercollegiate athletes, 30 intercollegiate programs. When we talk about the blood, sweat, tears, the hard work that our IC athletes representing 25% of the Cadet Wing — they are really jumping in hard. And my expectations as the superintendent is all 30 of those programs earn home field advantage. And so we've recently published an operation order to the team as we look into the fall sports. And the basic synthesis of it is, protect this house. We will come strong to all home events, and we're working through that aspect. And so as a whole, not only will we figure out how to be strong at all of our home events, whether it be, you know, this fall with women's soccer, men's soccer, cross country, water polo, volleyball and, importantly, football. And proud to report here at our AOG that the entire Cadet Wing will be marching onto the football field and protecting this house and our amazing stadium at home games.   Naviere Walkewicz Yes, sir, thank you for that. That's fantastic. Sir, you know, you can't come out of this Air Force Academy, this 18,000 acres of amazing Academy, without seeing some of the changes, whether it's facilities or capabilities. You know, of course, there are two questions we hear often about the chapel in the box. When will the chapel be done? And then also, you know, what about the visitor center? When can we actually get into it?   Gen. Bauernfeind No, those are two great questions, Naviere. First of all, I think that the box has become so routine there that we received a formal request from cadet. So how can we have a — no kidding — drive in movie theater screen? And the request came in at $300,000 so we thought the prudent action was, let's get the chapel done so we can take the box down instead of putting up a new theater. But right now, for our chapel, again, it is an amazing piece of architecture, and to maintain the historical relevance and the hard work that went behind it, it's going to take time. Right now, we're on schedule for 2028 and we are focused on making sure all the involved teams take every single day out and we can find out as soon as possible when we have any sort of deviation, so we can swarm it. And so as such, we hold monthly meetings with IMSC — the Installation Management Sustainment Command — Air Force Civil Engineering Command, the Corps of Engineers, to go through all of our military construction projects so that if something comes up, we are aware of it within days of the issue, and we swarm it together instead of letting issues boil for a long period of time. And so excited to get the chapel back open as such a spiritual icon of the United States Air Force Academy. And spirituality is so important to the holistic leader's readiness— not just physical, mental, social, family, but also spiritual. And I think it will be important for that development. And then to the visitor center. We're on track to open up in May of '26 before the graduation, and excited to finally open that visitor center and share with a much wider audience what all of our alumni and we know of the amazing story behind the Air Force Academy, all the amazing exemplars who have come from our Academy. And I will share with you, I'm excited to get a whole ton of young Americans inside the visitor center so they can start getting excited about being part of the Class of 2032, 2038 and beyond.   Naviere Walkewicz Yes, sir. Well, they say things are worth the wait, good things are worth the wait, and I think the interactive displays that are gonna come with this are really gonna help people understand truly what our cadets go through.     Gen. Bauernfeind Absolutely. And thank you again to the AOG and Foundation. As money got tight, the Foundation came forward and we now have that beautiful glider, you know, in position that shows what all of our cadets are working through.   Naviere Walkewicz Yes, sir. Well, our sole existence is to support the Academy, serve our grads and prserve the heritage. Well, sir, I'm cognizant of your time. We're so grateful you're here today. Mind if I ask you one final question?   Gen. Bauernfeind Please do.   Naviere Walkewicz What's on your mind that you want to leave with our graduates to be thinking about when you think about our Academy and your vision and mission. What can you leave us with?   Gen. Bauernfeind I just want to thank the Long Blue Line. We are 55,000-plus strong. There have been so many of our alumni, every single one of us that have gone through this journey. And we're proud of this institution. And I just say, continue to support this amazing institution. Spread the good word of what our Air Force Academy is, because we want amazing young women, amazing young men that are in your communities, in your churches, at your work centers, to say, “Hey, have you heard about the Air Force Academy? That's the place for you, because our nation deserves the best.” And just a final thanks to the alumni, and as a superintendent, I'm proud to be in this position with my amazing teammates. And any alumni that wants to ask me, “What's the rest of the story?” I am always available. Please hit me up in the hallways, on the Terrazzo, on the field, and I look forward to your conversations.   Naviere Walkewicz This has been a special edition of the Air Force Gradcast. On behalf of the Long Blue Line Podcast Network and the U.S. Air Force Academy Association & Foundation, thank you for joining us. It's been a privilege to hear directly from Lt. Gen. Bauernfeind and to share updates and perspectives relevant to graduates across our Academy community. Thank you for your continued connection, commitment and support of our United States Air Force Academy. I'm Lt. Col. (Ret.) Naviere Walkewicz, Class of '99. Until next time.       The Long Blue Line Podcast Network is presented by the U.S. Air Force Academy Association & Foundation  

Detienen a 2 por tráfico de personas en ChiapasBanxico prevé un crecimiento de 250 a 350 mil empleosGobierno de Maduro anunció sanciones a extranjeros  Más información en nuestro Podcast

Milan Uyeno is in the booth once again, bringing some great glitchy ambient and modern classical, with a small dip into some amazing jazz.Playlist: Ryuichi Sakamoto - 20220302 - sarabandeSahil Chugh - CharadeMark Limacher - "​.​.​.​or was it that​.​.​.​" // (trio)poliana esperança - Dentro de um todocatstem - pharmacyBuildings and Food - Found ObjectsCash, featuring anem0s & JHL - PassthroughKashiwa Diasuke - algo-Rhythm #02Asleep Country - Sepulcric Hall / The Burn WardTommy Crane - Early 2000'sKamasi Washington - PrologueNala Sinephro - Continuum 10Michael Davidson, Dan Fortin - Berlin IVfractanisharmonicoo - 白昼夢診断 (Daydream Diagnosis)Koop - Absolute Space (Jazzanova Remix)Bent Spoon Trio - The ContinentalSAINERINE - Purity and ObedienceJaakko Metsäpelto - Culex/f - Yuri or Dead Caliber

Pojasnila in nasveti epidemiologinje Alenke Trop SkazaTropske bolezni v Sloveniji nas nič več ne presenečajo. Do konca avgusta so pri nas potrdili že en primer Zike, štiri primere malarije, sedemnajst denge in tri primere vročice Zahodnega Nila. Letošnji primeri okužbe z virusom Zahodnega Nila kljub temu izstopajo. Tokrat so se oboleli z virusom okužili znotraj Slovenije; nihče od njih ni bil v tujini. Preseneča tudi, da se je pri vseh treh okužba zapletla do te mere, da so potrebovali zdravljenje v UKC Maribor. Za več informacij in pojasnil smo v Celje poklicali prim. doc. dr. Alenko Trop Skaza z Nacionalnega inštituta za javno zdravje. Foto: Samec komarja Culex (v ospredju/spodaj desno) in transmisijska elektronska mikrografija, ki prikazuje delce virusa Zahodnega Nila (obarvani rumeno) v okuženi celici. NIAID/ Flickr, cc

Editorial | Jején y culex, los nuevos enemigos

It's the last week of Carnivorous Plant Month.

Nesta edição do "CBN Meio Ambiente e Sustentabilidade", o comentarista Marco Bravo, na série "Mudanças Climáticas X Saúde" traz o alerta com relação aos riscos da leishmaniose e filariose. O que são? A leishmaniose é uma doença infecciosa, porém, não contagiosa, causada por parasitas do gênero Leishmania. Os parasitas vivem e se multiplicam no interior das células que fazem parte do sistema de defesa do indivíduo, chamadas macrófagos. É uma doença de evolução longa, podendo durar alguns meses ou até ultrapassar o período de um ano. Já a Filariose Linfática (Elefantíase) é uma doença parasitária crônica, considerada uma das maiores causas mundiais de incapacidades permanentes ou de longo prazo. É causada pelo verme nematoide Wuchereria Bancrofti e transmitida pela picada do mosquito Culex quiquefasciatus (pernilongo ou muriçoca) infectado com larvas do parasita. As informações são do Ministério da Saúde. Ouça a conversa completa!

L'encefalite giapponese è una malattia virale trasmessa dalla puntura di una zanzara. Diversamente da quanto suggerisca il nome, l'encefalite giapponese è diffusa in una vasta area del pianeta che va dall'India fino all'Australia. Fra le forme di encefalite virale, l'encefalite giapponese non è certo la più frequente, ma sicuramente fra le più gravi. Gli esiti dell'encefalite giapponese possono essere devastanti. In questa puntata del podcast di Erreconzero, partendo da diverse storie di pazienti che hanno contratto l'encefalite giapponese, parleremo della malattia, della sua diffusione e di come prevenirla. Se avete intenzione di partire verso oriente, non mancate di ascoltare attentamente questa puntata

Mamileiros e mamiletes, O Mamilos esteve na COP 28, pelo segundo ano consecutivo, a convite do Pacto Global da ONU no Brasil e no programa de hoje, o que vocês vão ouvir são as conversas que tivemos com pessoas que estão liderando as transformações necessárias à adaptação à mudança climática no Brasil. Esse programa foi feito pra você que tá ouvindo falar de COP o tempo inteiro, sabe que é importante e tá aí com várias abas abertas sobre o assunto mas não tá dando conta de acompanhar. Nossa missão aqui é, em pouco mais de uma hora, contar pra vocês pra que serve a COP, como o encontro funciona, como o Brasil tem atuando dentro das pautas debatidas e o que ficou estabelecido nesta edição acontecida em Dubai. Dá o play e vem com a gente! _____ SBP Quem nunca passou um tempão tentando matar todos os pernilongos do quarto antes de dormir? E claro que é só apagar a luz e deitar na cama que já vem um zumbido no ouvido pra te mostrar que tinham mais mosquitos escondidos prontinhos pra atrapalhar seu sono. Pra resolver esse problema, SBP lançou um produto novo com uma tecnologia revolucionária. O SBP com Ação Magnética Aerossol caça e mata até 100% dos mosquitos escondidos e difíceis*. Parece magia, mas é verdade: o produto caça e mata 100% dos mosquitos e deixa sua casa e sua família protegidas. Já pensou? Uma ótima solução para acabar com o zumbido na hora do sono. Amar é proteger, e proteger é SBP. Saiba mais em: sbpprotege.com.br (*) 100% de eficácia em testes de laboratório contra mosquitos Aedes aegypti (escondidos) e Culex quinquefasciatus (difíceis). _____ FALE CONOSCO . Email: mamilos@mamilos.me _____ CONTRIBUA COM O MAMILOS Quem apoia o Mamilos ajuda a manter o podcast no ar e ainda participa do nosso grupo especial no Telegram. É só R$9,90 por mês! Quem assina não abre mão. https://www.catarse.me/mamilos _____ Equipe Mamilos Mamilos é uma produção do B9 A apresentação é de Cris Bartis e Ju Wallauer. Pra ouvir todos episódios, assine nosso feed ou acesse mamilos.b9.com.br Quem coordenou essa produção foi Beatriz Souza. A edição foi de Mariana Leão e as trilhas sonoras, de Angie Lopez. A coordenação digital é feita por Agê Barros. O B9 tem direção executiva de Cris Bartis, Ju Wallauer e Carlos Merigo. O atendimento e negócios é feito por Telma Zennaro.

Mamileiros e mamiletes, há algumas semanas, fizemos o Mamilos 419 sobre como educar nossos filhos entre o autoritarismo e a permissividade. A conversa foi tão boa, que terminamos o programa com a sensação de que ainda tinha tanto a ser dito que precisávamos de uma parte dois. E pelos comentários que recebemos, vocês também ficaram querendo esticar esse papo! Então, aqui estamos pra segunda parte dessa conversa sobre educação com limites. Naquele primeiro programa, falamos muito sobre o desafio de se equilibrar entre ser autoritário ou permissivo. Neste, queremos focar mais em situações práticas e em como podemos agir da melhor forma diante delas. E como cada faixa etária tem seus desafios particulares, nesse programa vamos focar na fase da pré adolescência. Quais são os limites para dar autonomia sem deixar de proteger? E vamos em boa companhia, sentam na mesa com a gente Ariella Wanner, pedagoga, especializada em neurociência das emoções, e Thais Basile, psicanalista, especialista em psicopedagogia institucional. Esse programa também foi publicado em vídeo no nosso canal do Youtube. Dá o play e vem com a gente! _____ SBP Quem nunca passou um tempão tentando matar todos os pernilongos do quarto antes de dormir? E claro que é só apagar a luz e deitar na cama que já vem um zumbido no ouvido pra te mostrar que tinham mais mosquitos escondidos prontinhos pra atrapalhar seu sono. Pra resolver esse problema, SBP lançou um produto novo com uma tecnologia revolucionária. O SBP com Ação Magnética Aerossol caça e mata até 100% dos mosquitos escondidos e difíceis*. Parece magia, mas é verdade: o produto caça e mata 100% dos mosquitos e deixa sua casa e sua família protegidas. Já pensou? Uma ótima solução para acabar com o zumbido na hora do sono. Amar é proteger, e proteger é SBP. Saiba mais em: sbpprotege.com.br (*) 100% de eficácia em testes de laboratório contra mosquitos Aedes aegypti (escondidos) e Culex quinquefasciatus (difíceis). _____ FALE CONOSCO . Email: mamilos@mamilos.me _____ CONTRIBUA COM O MAMILOS Quem apoia o Mamilos ajuda a manter o podcast no ar e ainda participa do nosso grupo especial no Telegram. É só R$9,90 por mês! Quem assina não abre mão. https://www.catarse.me/mamilos _____ Equipe Mamilos Mamilos é uma produção do B9 A apresentação é de Cris Bartis e Ju Wallauer. Pra ouvir todos episódios, assine nosso feed ou acesse mamilos.b9.com.br Quem coordenou essa produção foi Beatriz Souza. A edição foi de Mariana Leão e as trilhas sonoras, de Angie Lopez. A coordenação digital é feita por Agê Barros. O B9 tem direção executiva de Cris Bartis, Ju Wallauer e Carlos Merigo. O atendimento e negócios é feito por Telma Zennaro.

Grand événementCollège de FranceLa ville du futurAnnée 2023-2£024Colloque - La ville du futur : La ville du futur, face au risque entomologiqueIntervenant(s)Didier Fontenille, directeur de recherche émérite, IRDRésuméPour faire face aux futurs enjeux urbains, de nombreuses villes se sont engagées dans un processus de « renaturation », à travers des programmes de végétalisation et d'actions visant à augmenter la biodiversité. Ces actions ont de nombreux impacts positifs sur la santé et le bien-être des habitants. En revanche, les éventuels impacts négatifs sont encore rarement appréhendés. Parmi ceux-ci, une augmentation de la biodiversité des arthropodes vecteurs d'agents infectieux, des hôtes vertébrés réservoirs, des agents infectieux eux-mêmes, en lien avec la création de nouvelles niches écologiques.Nous prendrons quelques exemples concernant les punaises de lits, les moustiques Aedes vecteurs de dengue, chikungunya, Zika, les moustiques Culex vecteurs des virus West Nile et Usutu, les Anopheles responsables de paludisme urbain. Nous verrons comment la création de parcs, corridors verts, forêts urbaines peut permettre l'introduction et l'installation de phlébotomes et de tiques impliqués dans des maladies humaines et animales. Les effets bénéfiques de la renaturation des villes sur la santé des humains sont indéniables. Cependant, pour ne pas compromettre le processus vertueux en cours, l'identification, la surveillance et la gestion d'éventuels impacts négatifs liés aux maladies vectorielles sont nécessaires.------------Le futur est dans la ville. En 2022, 56 % de la population mondiale, soit environ 4,4 milliards d'habitants, vivaient en milieu urbain. Cette tendance, si elle se maintenait, ferait que d'ici 2050, 7 personnes sur 10 seront citadines.Cette concentration humaine est source de richesse économique et culturelle, mais induit évidemment des risques, des fragilités, des inégalités parfois extrêmes. Elle est aussi génératrice d'effets environnementaux indésirables. La Banque mondiale estime que les villes représentent actuellement près des 2/3 de la consommation mondiale d'énergie et 70 % des émissions planétaires de gaz à effet de serre. Responsable certes, mais aussi victime de l'accélération des changements environnementaux, en particulier climatiques, caractéristiques de l'anthropocène.Ainsi s'impose la nécessité d'adapter les grands ensembles urbains à ces défis environnementaux. Certaines métropoles sont menacées par la montée des eaux océaniques. D'autres – parfois les mêmes – sont menacées par les accidents climatiques extrêmes, précipitations massives génératrices d'inondations brutales, canicules, voire simplement augmentation soutenue des températures moyennes impactant violemment populations et infrastructures urbaines. À ces défis vient s'ajouter la gestion du risque sanitaire : qualité et disponibilité de l'eau, risque épidémique, maladies liées à la pollution. L'« exposome urbain » reste à appréhender dans sa globalité, sans parler des altérations de la biodiversité microbienne, animale et végétale.Ces pressions environnementales, devenues globales – à des degrés variables – à l'échelle planétaire, sont aussi de puissants révélateurs et moteurs d'inégalités, que ce soit dans une seule et même ville où elles creusent un fossé entre populations aisées et populations marginalisées ou entre des villes situées sur des continents et dans des contextes socioéconomiques différents. L'urbanisation galopante est ainsi principalement portée par la poursuite du développement en Afrique et en Asie.Les politiques de la ville devront tenir compte de ces exigences d'adaptation, à l'intersection des impératifs socio-économiques, environnementaux, climatiques et sanitaires, pour bâtir un espace urbain résilient et accueillant pour tous. Elles pourront s'inspirer d'exemples d'adaptabilité de métropoles soumises de longue date aux excès climatiques. L'acceptabilité sociale et économique des adaptations indispensables à la conception de la ville du futur est un autre défi pour les politiques urbaines à venir.Le Collège de France, par le biais de son initiative Avenir Commun Durable, espère apporter une contribution aux réflexions sur ces questions complexes. Pour ce faire, il s'appuie sur un panel large d'intervenants couvrant un vaste champ de disciplines.À quoi donc ressemblera la ville du futur ?L'initiative Avenir Commun Durable bénéficie du soutien de la Fondation du Collège de France, de ses grands mécènes La Fondation Covéa et TotalEnergies et de ses mécènes Faurecia et Saint-Gobain.

This week on NintenDomain, we talk about Super Mario RPG and the Black Friday deals!! Support the show at: www.patreon.com/nintendomainpodcast Music: Intro: Super Mario RPG: Happy Adventure, Delightful Adventure Break 1: Super Mario RPG: Still, The Road is full of Dangers Break 2: Super Mario RPG: Let's Go Down the Wine River Outro: Super Mario RPG: The END! Topic Times: 00:01:32 Black Friday Deals and Gifts AEW Fight Forever Season 2 Sonic Superstars 01:07:38 Got Item! Air Twister Dave the Diver 01:23:52 Super Mario RPG  

La Corte Suprema americana ha pubblicato un suo codice etico ma con polemiche, le zanzare ce le teniamo fino a dicembre e il Nepal vuole bandire Tiktok. Ci sono notizie da Israele, la Banca d'Italia dice cose un minimo positive e David Cameron è tornato in politica. Buon martedì

durée : 00:03:33 - Le moustique Culex et le moustique Aédes - par : Nathalie Mazet - Le moustique commun est l'espèce la plus commune du genre Culex présent dans l'hémisphère nord, le moustique aedes ou tigre originaire d'Asie du sud-est. est l'une des espèces les plus invasives au monde, présente dans 100 pays sur les 5 continents

Thule Squadron Radio is an X-Wing podcast broadcasting from Reykjavík, Iceland and Copenhagen, Denmark. Episode 131 - Weiland of the North Stephen Weiland joins the cast for a rundown of news, beef, Thule challenges, UKGE, Culex store champ and more! Like our facebook page @ Thulesquadronradio and join the discussion  Like out Twitch channel @ thule_squadron Like our youtube channel @ Thule Squadron Support us on Patreon @ Thulesquadronradio  Join our discord server @ https://discord.gg/XQVbz7grHk Email us @ Thulesquadronradio@gmail.com  Hosts are: Gísli Baldur Bragason Jan Ullerup Guest is: Stephen Weiland

This Month, host Bill McGeeney is joined by Michael Rymer of the Dark Sky (formerly International Dark Sky Association) and Youth Advocate, Bonnie Peng. Learn more at LightPollutionNews.com.Articles:Is light pollution making darkness a luxury? Here Come the Lumens The New Light Is Bad There's something off about LED bulbs — which will soon be, thanks to a federal ban, the only kind you can buy. "Mysterious spiral" that looks like hazy, glowing galaxy seen hovering in Alaska's northern lightsWhy It's Time for a Worldwide Lights-Out Program The Consequences of Light Pollution Light Pollution Disrupts Seasonal Differences in the Daily Activity and Metabolic Profiles of the Northern House Mosquito, Culex pipiens Blue Vigil developed a high intensity tethered LED array to a drone You're Definitely Suffering the Effects of Light Pollution—But We're Here to Help $3M in federal money coming to Norfolk for streetlight upgradesMayor Gloria highlights federal funding for streetlight repairs in multiple areas of San Diego Frederick, Md plans to update its street lighting Afraid of the Dark: The Safety of Light: A Short History of Light in Public Spaces Camden Working to Fix Street Light Outages to Help Make Community SaferNatural Surveillance for Crime and Traffic Accidents: Simulating Improvements of Street Lighting in an Older Community Research Article of the Month: Impact of Solid State Roadway Lighting on Melatonin in Humans Support the showLike what we're doing? For the cost of coffee, you can become a Monthly Supporter? Your assistance will help cover server and production costs.

Adam and Megabyte are back with an all new season! Brett and Alex grab their bug spray and get inside their mosquito nests for this one. Together they look at the second series of "The Tomorrow People: The Culex Experiment". How does this series stack up against "The Origin Story"? Only one way to find out! If you want to check out the series in it's entirety, here is the link: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8vAvnjHeJNtA1zwSGVzv13XxBrdfefBL If you enjoy our content, support us on Patreon and join the Gakoids: www.patreon.com/splatattack Like & Subscribe on YouTube: Splat Attack! Podcast Follow us on Instagram: @SplatAttackPodcast Follow us on Reddit: SplatAttack2021 Follow us on TikTok: @splatattack2021 Thanks for tuning in, and we'll splat you later!

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.01.09.523250v1?rss=1 Authors: Lapshin, D., Vorontsov, D. Abstract: The task of directional hearing faces most of the animals that possess ears. They approach this task in different ways, but the common trait is the usage of the binaural cues to find the direction to the source of sound. In insects, the task is further complicated by their small size and, hence, minute temporal and level differences between two ears. A way to overcome this problem is to receive the particle velocity component of sound rather than the pressure, as the former naturally involves directionality. However, even in this case, one ear is not enough for directional hearing: a single symmetric flagellar particle velocity receiver cannot discriminate between the two opposite directions along the vector of the sound wave. Insects that use flagellar auditory organs, and mosquitoes in particular, possess a pair of receivers, which presumes the usage of binaural hearing. Its mechanisms are expected to be significantly different from the ones typical for the pressure receivers. However, the directionality of flagellar auditory organs has received little attention. Here we measured the in-flight orientation of a female mosquito antennae and obtained detailed physiological mapping of the Johnston's organ directionality at the level of individual sensory units. By combining these data, we provided a three-dimensional model of the mosquito's auditory space. The natural orientation of the antennae together with angular distribution of sensory units in each of the Johnston's organs was found to be optimal for binaural hearing focused primarily in front of, above and below a flying mosquito. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and Rift Valley Fever are examples of transboundary animal diseases having major consequences in terms of health and economics. PPR is a highly pathogenic viral disease infecting principally sheep and goats, but also some wild artiodactyls, camelids and suids. This disease circulates in large parts of Africa, Asia, Eurasia and Middle-East and it has recently appeared at the gates of Europe in Georgia (2016) and Bulgaria (2018). A vaccine sxiste and the disease is the target of an eradication campaign by 2030. RVF is an arbovirus also affecting small ruminants and camelids, but also cattle and can be transmitted to human. The virus is transmitted among ruminants through the bite of infected mosquitoes (belonging to the Aedes and Culex species) and to human through the direct contact with infected blood or tissues. The disease circulates mostly in most countries in North, East, West and Sahelian Africa as well as in the Arabian Peninsula. Despite the different way of transmission, transboundary animal movement is the most likely route of the spread of the two diseases. Even though the livestock trade is strictly regulated between endemic regions of the two diseases and most of the Mediterranean countries, regional, locally adapted strategies are needed to control the diseases efficiently. The aim of this talk is to provide a panorama of the epidemiological situation around Europe and provide some preliminary scenario for the introduction of the diseases, through animal movement, and risk of transmission due to the presence of competent vectors (only for Rift Valley Fever).

Covid'in ikinci yılını devireceğimiz şu günlerde grip salgını da sağolsun kendini gösterdi. ÜSYE bulguları ile gelen hastalarda acaba Covid mi? Grip mi? dilemmasını yaşamak yetmezmiş gibi komşudan gelen Batı Nil Virüsü (BNV) ile ilişkilendirilmiş ölüm haberlerine "eyvah" demedim diyemeyeceğim. Avrupa Hastalık Önleme ve Kontrol Merkezi (ecdc)'nin geçen haftaki verilerine göre 1 Ocak 2022 - 21 Eylül 2022 tarihleri arasında AB ülkelerinde 1000'e yakın pozitif vakanın 231'i Yunanistan'da bildirilmiş ve ölüm bildirimlerinin(51) 28'i İtalya, 20'si Yunanistan'da gözlenmiş. Hal böyle olunca eskilerin meşhur sözü " Komşuda pişer bize de düşer" sözü aklıma geldi. Malum önümüz kış, sezon açıldı. ÜSYE bulguları ile gelen hastaların ayırcı tanısına Batı Nil Ateşi'ni de eklememiz gerekebileceğini düşünerek sizlere bu yazıyı hazırladım. Keyifli okumalar dilerim. EPİDEMİYOLOJİ Batı Nil Ateşi, Japon ensefalit virüs antijen kompleksinin bir üyesi olan Batı Nil (WN) virüsü, ilk olarak 1937'de Uganda'nın Batı Nil eyaletinde hastadan alınan bir kan örneğinden izole edilmiş. İlk zamanlarda halk sağlığı açısından önemsiz olduğu düşünülmüş, ta ki 99 yılında Amerikan'nın New York şehrinde 62 ensafalit vakası çıkana kadar.​1​ İlk çalışmalar, Kuzey Amerika görülen WN virüsünün Orta Doğu kökenli olduğunu öne sürerken, sonraki analizler WN suşlarının Kuzey Afrika'dan geldiğini göstermiş. Avrupa'da ise ilk büyük salgın 1996'da Romanya'da gözlendi. O zamandan beri, İspanya, İtalya, Yunanistan, Ukrayna ve Rusya Federasyonu'na (Volgograd, Astrakchan ve Rostov) kadar uzanan sporadik insan vakaları rapor edildi. 2010'dan 2018'e kadar, Avrupa Birliği ülkelerinde 110 ila 991 nöroinvaziv hastalık vakası bildirilmiş.​2​ BULAŞ WN virüsünün enfeksiyonları " Culex" isimli dişi sivrisinek ısırıklarından kaynaklanır. Asıl konak kuşlardır. Virüs, sinek-kuş-sinek döngüsü içinde korunur. İnsanlar, atlar ve diğer memeliler tesadüfi veya son konakçıdırlar. İnsan son konakçı olduğundan vektör aracılığıyla kişiden kişiye bulaş gözlenmez. Anneden çocuğa, plasenta ve anne sütü yoluyla geçiş gösteren çalışmalar bulunmaktadır.​3​ Bazı çalışmalarda organ nakli ve kan transfüzyonu sonrasında bulaş bildirilmiş.​4,5​ Batı Nil Virüsünün Yaşam Döngüsü PATOFİZYOLOJİ WN, Flavivirüs cinsi Flaviviridae ailesinden tek sarmallı RNA virüsüdür. Sivrisinek, viral yükünü konakçıya tükürüğü vasıtasıyla bulaştırır. WN virüsünün subkutan inokülasyonu takiben yayılımı üç fazda gerçekleşir. Erken fazda, dermal dendritik hücrelerde ve keratinositlerde viral replikasyonu gerçekleşir. Bu fazı, viseral organ yayılım fazı ve merkezi sinir sistemi fazı takip eder.​6​ KLİNİK Batı Nil (WN) virüsü ile enfekte olmuş kişilerin çoğu asemptomatiktir; semptomlar enfekte hastaların sadece yüzde 20 ila 40'ında görülür. Enfeksiyon için tipik inkübasyon periyodu 2 ila 14 gün arasında değişirken, immünsuprese konaklarda daha uzun kuluçka periyotları gözlemlenmiştir. Hastalık ani başlangıçlı ateş, baş ağrısı, halsizlik, sırt ağrısı, miyalji ve iştahsızlık ile karakterizedir. Gözlerde ağrı, farenjit, bulantı, kusma, ishal ve karın ağrısı da görülebilir. Tipik semptomlar 3-10 gün arası sürerken, şikayetlerinin 10 günden daha fazla sürdüğü vakalar da literatürde bildirilmiştir.​7​ Hastaların %25-50 sinde, bir haftadan kısa süren, göğüste, sırtta ve kollarda gözlenen makülopapüler karakterde, bazen kaşıntının da eşlik ettiği döküntü görülebilir.​8,9​ Batı Nil virüsü enfeksiyonu ile ilişkili yaygın makülopapüler döküntü​9​ WN virüsü nöroinvaziv hastalığı, ateşin eşlik ettiği, menenjit, ensefalit, felç gibi hastalık paternleri ile kendini gösterebilir. Ensefalit, ileri yaş gruplarında menenjitten daha sık gözlenirken, menenjit çocuklarda daha sık görülür. Nöroinvaziv hastalık rapor edilen grupta ölüm oranı yaklaşık yüzde 10 olarak bildirilmiş. Ölüm için risk faktörleri arasında; ileri yaş, erkek cinsiyet, şiddetli kas güçsüzlüğünun eşlik ettiği ensefalit, bilinç değişikliği,

There is something beautiful about intelligence; it reveals how much we can become when we put ourselves to the task of searching and asking the right question.I am always fascinated by knowledge because our becoming, being, and living all rise and fall on the back of what we know. All of these begin with our intellect, the sum of our cognitive facilities, and the capacity for reasoning. This is where light comes to our mind, we develop, and our external world becomes a recipient of our realities.On this episode of the Word Café Podcast, I am honored to have someone who has embraced her intelligence as a gift and built a future.  Her name is Dr Nwamaka AkpodieteDr. Nwamaka Akpodiete is a post-doctoral research associate in vector biology with Target malaria, based at Keele University, United Kingdom. She conducts molecular ecological studies to understand the population dynamics and ecology of the African malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae. Additionally, she provides support and training in molecular ecology, ecological statistics, and scientific writing at African partner institutions. Nwamaka has a 12-year of work experience in Higher Education involving teaching, mentoring, laboratory and field research, project supervision, and related administrative roles.   Nwamaka has a broad-based undergraduate and postgraduate education and research training in biology, biochemistry, molecular biology techniques, next-generation sequencing, entomology, zoology, and environmental sciences. Her BSc (Animal and Environmental Biology) research project was on the ecological dynamics of soil microarthropods about hydrocarbon pollution. She identified some bioindicators of soil pollution and microarthropod species indicative of soil recovery. This interest in environmental health led to an MSc in Environmental Quality Management. Nwamaka's MSc project was on the dipteran larvae in polluted water bodies in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. The project linked disease vectors such as Anopheles gambiae s.l. and Culex quinquefasciatus to indiscriminate waste disposal in Port Harcourt City, Nigeria. She also holds an MSc in Entomology and Pest Management from the University of Port Harcourt.  Her research interest in public and environmental health culminated in a Ph.D. in Entomology at Keele University, United Kingdom. Her Ph.D. research was focused on the evolutionary larval divergence in Anopheles gambiae s.l. About rice field domestication in Africa and improvement of An. gambiae s.l. Mass-rearing protocols for release. She also evaluated the use of zeolite in mosquito rearing and the characterization of microbial communities in the insectary via 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The study revealed ecological consequences of environmental manipulation, which has resulted in the speciation event in the malaria vector An. coluzzii, resulting in the year-round transmission of malaria and increased urban malaria. The findings from her Ph.D. research are relevant for malaria vector control, irrigated agricultural and urbanization policy reevaluation, and improvement of sterile insect techniques and gene drive protocols.  Nwamaka is actively involved in malaria campaigns@Zeromalaria to eradicate malaria in Africa.Support the show

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2022.09.26.509539v1?rss=1 Authors: Lu, W., LEAL, W. S., Brisco, K. K., An, S., Cornel, A. J. Abstract: The cornerstone of the reverse chemical ecology approach is the identification of odorant receptors (OR) sensitive to compounds in a large panel of odorants. In this approach, we de-orphanize ORs and, subsequently, measure behaviors elicited by these semiochemicals. After that, we evaluate behaviorally active compounds for applications in insect vector management. Intriguingly, multiple ORs encoded by genes highly expressed in mosquito antennae do not respond to any test odorant. One such case is CquiOR125 from the southern house mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus Say. To better understand CquiOR125 role in Culex mosquito olfaction, we have cloned a CquiOR125 orthologue in the genome of the yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti (L.), AaegOR11. Unlike the unresponsive nature of the orthologue in Cx. quinquefasciatus, oocytes co-expressing AaegOR11 and AaegOrco elicited robust responses when challenged with fenchone, 2,3-dimethylphenol, 3,4-dimethylphenol, 4-methycyclohexanol, and acetophenone. AlphaFold models showed that AaegOR11 and CquiOR125 share structural homolog cores with MhraOR5, the only insect OR structure (PDB: 7LID) elucidated to date. Interestingly, AaegOR11 responded strongly and equally to (+)- and (-)-fenchone, with no chiral discrimination. Contrary to reports in the literature, fenchone did not show any repellency activity against Ae. aegypti or Cx. quinquefasciatus. Laboratory and field tests did not show significant increases in egg captures in cups filled with fenchone solutions compared to control cups. The second most potent ligand, 2,3-dimethylphenol, showed repellency activity stronger than that elicited by DEET at the same dose. We, therefore, concluded that AaegOR11 is a mosquito repellent sensor. It is feasible that CquiOR125 responds to repellents that remain elusive. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by PaperPlayer

Welcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: Gene drives: why the wait?, published by Metacelsus on September 19, 2022 on LessWrong. (Crossposted from my Substack) If you've been following biology news over the last few years, you might have heard of an interesting concept called a “gene drive”. The overall idea is to engineer a genetic allele that transmits itself to all offspring of a sexually reproducing organism, instead of being inherited by 50% as usual. This allele can also perform some other biological function (a relevant example is causing female sterility). A gene drive spreads through a population. From Esvelt et al. 2014 (CC-BY) In multiple trials, modern CRISPR-based gene drives have shown high efficacy in spreading through populations of caged Anopheles mosquitoes and completely suppressing their reproduction. Since Anopheles mosquitoes are the only ones that transmit malaria, causing their extinction would directly save hundreds of thousands of lives per year. Similar gene drives targeted to other types of mosquitoes (Aedes, Culex, etc.) could also eliminate diseases such as dengue fever, Zika virus, and West Nile virus. However, in spite of promising laboratory trials, gene drives have not yet been deployed in the wild. But why not? History of gene drives Although the technology to build effective gene drives did not exist until recently, the idea has been around for a while. In fact, gene drives occur naturally. Some well-known examples are transposons in flies, homing endonucleases in algae, and segregation distorters in mice. The idea of engineering a site-specific nuclease as a gene drive was developed as early as 2003, and in the decade that followed there were several efforts to develop these, with the labs of Austin Burt and Andrea Crisanti taking a lead role. These early systems showed some biased inheritance, but were not stable for more than a few generations. The advent of CRISPR as a gene editing system opened up a new opportunity. A paper in 2014 by Kevin Esvelt and co-workers proposed Cas9 as a nuclease for a gene drive, with several properties making it ideal for the task. It lacks repetitive sequences that caused problems with earlier gene drives using zinc-finger nucleases or TALENs. It has a very high efficiency of cutting. It is easy to target a new site by simply changing the guide RNA. Several nearby sites could be targeted at once, using different guide RNAs. From Esvelt et al. 2014 (CC-BY) CRISPR-based gene drives quickly gained popularity in the field, and by 2018 the Crisanti lab had demonstrated a working gene drive that could efficiently suppress populations of Anopheles gambiae by targeting an exon of the doublesex gene required for female development. At the time this was announced, I was studying at the University of Cambridge, and attended a public lecture by Prof. Crisanti about his lab's work. The overall mood in the room was almost euphoric: here was a technology that could save millions of lives, the best thing since Borlaug's wheat! Since that lecture, about 2 million people, mostly children in Africa, have died of malaria. Gene drive research has not stood still: the Crisanti lab tested their doublesex drive in larger cages of mosquitoes, and it again completely eliminated the populations. But given the millions of lives at stake, what's taking so long for this gene drive to be released? See also: the battle against malaria in Africa has stalled Why the wait? There are two good arguments against the immediate release of gene drives to eliminate mosquitoes. First, nuclease gene drives have the possibility of generating resistant alleles, making future gene drives not work against the same target. Therefore, it's important to get it right the first time, otherwise the potential of gene drives could be wasted. The goal of the large cage trials I mentioned earli...

Link to original articleWelcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: Gene drives: why the wait?, published by Metacelsus on September 19, 2022 on LessWrong. (Crossposted from my Substack) If you've been following biology news over the last few years, you might have heard of an interesting concept called a “gene drive”. The overall idea is to engineer a genetic allele that transmits itself to all offspring of a sexually reproducing organism, instead of being inherited by 50% as usual. This allele can also perform some other biological function (a relevant example is causing female sterility). A gene drive spreads through a population. From Esvelt et al. 2014 (CC-BY) In multiple trials, modern CRISPR-based gene drives have shown high efficacy in spreading through populations of caged Anopheles mosquitoes and completely suppressing their reproduction. Since Anopheles mosquitoes are the only ones that transmit malaria, causing their extinction would directly save hundreds of thousands of lives per year. Similar gene drives targeted to other types of mosquitoes (Aedes, Culex, etc.) could also eliminate diseases such as dengue fever, Zika virus, and West Nile virus. However, in spite of promising laboratory trials, gene drives have not yet been deployed in the wild. But why not? History of gene drives Although the technology to build effective gene drives did not exist until recently, the idea has been around for a while. In fact, gene drives occur naturally. Some well-known examples are transposons in flies, homing endonucleases in algae, and segregation distorters in mice. The idea of engineering a site-specific nuclease as a gene drive was developed as early as 2003, and in the decade that followed there were several efforts to develop these, with the labs of Austin Burt and Andrea Crisanti taking a lead role. These early systems showed some biased inheritance, but were not stable for more than a few generations. The advent of CRISPR as a gene editing system opened up a new opportunity. A paper in 2014 by Kevin Esvelt and co-workers proposed Cas9 as a nuclease for a gene drive, with several properties making it ideal for the task. It lacks repetitive sequences that caused problems with earlier gene drives using zinc-finger nucleases or TALENs. It has a very high efficiency of cutting. It is easy to target a new site by simply changing the guide RNA. Several nearby sites could be targeted at once, using different guide RNAs. From Esvelt et al. 2014 (CC-BY) CRISPR-based gene drives quickly gained popularity in the field, and by 2018 the Crisanti lab had demonstrated a working gene drive that could efficiently suppress populations of Anopheles gambiae by targeting an exon of the doublesex gene required for female development. At the time this was announced, I was studying at the University of Cambridge, and attended a public lecture by Prof. Crisanti about his lab's work. The overall mood in the room was almost euphoric: here was a technology that could save millions of lives, the best thing since Borlaug's wheat! Since that lecture, about 2 million people, mostly children in Africa, have died of malaria. Gene drive research has not stood still: the Crisanti lab tested their doublesex drive in larger cages of mosquitoes, and it again completely eliminated the populations. But given the millions of lives at stake, what's taking so long for this gene drive to be released? See also: the battle against malaria in Africa has stalled Why the wait? There are two good arguments against the immediate release of gene drives to eliminate mosquitoes. First, nuclease gene drives have the possibility of generating resistant alleles, making future gene drives not work against the same target. Therefore, it's important to get it right the first time, otherwise the potential of gene drives could be wasted. The goal of the large cage trials I mentioned earli...

英语新闻∣南方蚊子疑似变少，网友：终于连蚊子都要被热死了？Have you noticed feweritchy, red bumps on your skin this summer? It's probably due to the hot, dry weather this summer.今年夏天，瘙痒红肿的蚊子包少了很多，原因就是今年夏天炎热干燥的天气。The right amount of rain at the right time is needed for mosquitoes to breed because it lays eggs on the surface ofstagnantwater.蚊子的繁殖需要合适的环境和适当的降雨量，因为蚊子会在死水表面产卵。Individuals reared at higher temperatures may develop more rapidly compared to lower temperatures, but adults tend to be smaller with reduced fitness given that size is often positively related tofecundity.在较高温度下长大的个体可能比在较低温度下成长得更快，但成年个体往往体型较小，适合度降低，因为体型通常与繁殖能力呈正相关。As temperatures climb higher, mosquito activity can decline. Mosquitoes will bite less when it becomes excessively hot.随着气温上升，蚊子的活动会减少。天气过于炎热时，蚊子叮咬的次数就会减少。Higher temperatures also make any diseases they carry more active and hence moretransmissible. So when mosquitoes are around, a cool spell following very hot temperatures could be ripe for mosquito borne diseases, as highly infectious mosquitoes increase their biting activity.虽然高温不利于蚊子生存，却有利于蚊子携带的病毒传播。只要一息尚存，高温之后的凉爽期，很可能就成了蚊子传播疾病的最佳时机。Mosquito speciesthat transmit diseases mainly include Culex, Aedes, and Anopheles. Thediseases includemalaria, filariasis, and dengue.主要有三类蚊子会传播疾病：库蚊、伊蚊和按蚊，传播的疾病包括疟疾、丝虫病、和登革热等。Beekeepers in European reported unusual deaths of honeybee queens, drones and small colonies. Drones, which are the reproductive males, spontaneously ejaculate when they die from stress.最近连月高温，许多欧洲国家出现蜜蜂连续死亡，而且死去的大部分是雄蜂。雄蜂对温度十分敏感，高温的压力下，雄蜂的自然反应是射精，然后死去。Worryingly, male fertility likely begins to decline well before the drones die. This means that after a heat wave, new queens—the reproductive females—will have fewer opportunities to mate. Colonies headed by poorly mated queens are more likely to collapse, and this could pose problems for farmers who rely on honeybees topollinatetheir crops.就算雄蜂熬过了高温，生育能力也会受损。等到热浪过去，蜂后与雄蜂的交配机会减少，可能会导致整个蜂群的崩溃。依赖蜜蜂授粉的植物也会遭殃，其中有不少是人类赖以生存的农作物。To the end, the decline of mosquitoes is also a wake-up call from nature. If left unchecked, climate change and environmental degradation will eventually affect human beings.说到底，蚊子变少，也是大自然对我们敲响的警钟。如果放任气候变暖、环境恶化，终有一天会波及人类自身。itchy英[ˈɪtʃi]美[ˈɪtʃi]adj.（使）发痒的stagnant 英[ˈstæɡnənt]美[ˈstæɡnənt]adj. 不流动的，停滞的fecundity英[fɪ'kʌndətɪ]美[fɪˈkʌndətɪ]n. 多产； 肥沃； 产卵力transmissible英[træns'mɪsəbl]美[træns'mɪsəbəl]adj. 可传送的，可遗传的pollinate英[ˈpɒləneɪt]美[ˈpɑləneɪt]vt. 给…传授花粉

A seguito della segnalazione di casi di West Nile virus in Veneto, la Regione ha avviato una campagna informativa in collaborazione con i Comuni e le Aulss al fine di prevenire la diffusione dell'infezione trasmessa dalle zanzare “Culex”. Per evitare le punture si raccomanda di indossare all'aperto vestiti di colore chiaro, leggeri e coprenti e di utilizzare dei repellenti da applicare sulla pelle. Le raccomandazioni complete sono disponibili nel sito della Regione del Veneto

Controlling a mosquito population in South Florida can be a daunting task. On today's edition of Pestgeek Podcast, we discuss how to deal with mosquito populations in South Florida. On this property we have approached mosquito control with a variety of products such as Catchmaster Final Feed Mosquito Bait which controls Aedes and Culex mosquitoes.… The post Dealing With Mosquito Population in South Florida Using Inzecto Mosquito Traps appeared first on Pest Geek Pest Control Podcast .

Genetic Engineering and Society Center GES Colloquium - Tuesdays 12-1PM (via Zoom) NC State University | http://go.ncsu.edu/ges-colloquium GES Mediasite - See videos, full abstracts, speaker bios, and slides https://go.ncsu.edu/ges-mediasite Twitter - https://twitter.com/GESCenterNCSU The missing ecology in gene drive research Dr. Sumit Dhole, Research Scholar in Mathematical Biology, NC State LinkedIn | Google Scholar A discussion about some of the ecological aspects of population suppression using gene drives, and areas that need more research. Abstract Gene drives are rapidly emerging as a potential tool for controlling populations of disease vectors, invasive species and agricultural pests. The molecular research to create new and improved gene drives based on the CRISPR technology has progressed rapidly. While this research has been encouraging from the perspective of developing these tools, there remain large gaps in our understanding of how natural populations would respond to the release of gene drives. Dr. Dhole will discuss some of the ecological processes that will play an important role and that need more research in natural pest populations. Related links: Rajagopalan PK, Curtis CF, Brooks GD, Menon PK. The density dependence of larval mortality of Culex pipiens fatigans in an urban situation and prediction of its effects on genetic control operations. Indian J Med Res. 1977. North, A., Burt, A. & Godfray, H. Modelling the potential of genetic control of malaria mosquitoes at national scale. BMC Biol 17, 26 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-019-0645-5 James J Bull, Christopher H Remien, Stephen M Krone, Gene-drive-mediated extinction is thwarted by population structure and evolution of sib mating. Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health, Volume 2019, Issue 1, 2019, Pages 66–81, https://doi.org/10.1093/emph/eoz014 Speaker Bio Dr. Sumit Dhole is an evolutionary ecologist who uses mathematical models to study how genes can spread through natural populations. For the past few years at NC State his focus has been on understanding how synthetic gene drives might behave if introduced into natural populations. While gene drives, which are highly invasive genetic constructs, may provide a solution for rapid and species-specific management of disease vectors and agricultural pests, a major concern is the potential of their unchecked spread to non-target populations. Through his work, Sumit tries to understand what factors and design features may allow synthetic gene drives to spread in safe, contained manners. GES Center - Integrating scientific knowledge & diverse public values in shaping the futures of biotechnology. Find out more at https://ges-center-lectures-ncsu.pinecast.co

Aedes Aegypti Gelecekte 2020'li yıllar, yaşanan COVID-19 Pandemisi, depremler, ekonomik krizler, siyasal ve politik skandallar derken herhalde kriz yılları olarak hatırlanacak. Ancak tüm bunların yanında küçük ama rahatsız edici bir felaket daha vardı. Yaz kış demeden amansız sivrisinek saldırıları. Üstelik alışageldiğimiz kahverengi Culex'lerin yanında nispeten yeni bir tür olan siyah ve benekli Aedes saldırıları sanırım hepimizi canımızdan bezdirdi. Skeeter Sendromu Nedir? Özellikle kıyı kesimleri başta olmak üzere evlerde, balkon ve bahçelerde açık havayı zehreden nispeten yeni bir tür olan Aedes sivrisineklerin saldırısına maruz kaldık. Bir türlü görülmeyen ama vızıldayan açgözlü saldırgan sivrisinekler hortumunu (proboskis) uzatıp derileri deldi ve kanları hunharca emdi; ardında bıraktığı sıra dışı büyüklükteki papular ürtikeryel lezyonlar kaşınmaya başlayınca farkına vardık. Eğer sivrisinek sokması sonrası ciltte anormal büyüklükte şişlikler oluşuyor bazen ateş buna eşlik ediyor ama kaşıntı-kızarıklık dışında başka bulgu yoksa işte buna Skeeter Sendromu deniyor.​1​ Normalde sivrisineklerin salgılarındaki bazı proteinlere karşı çoğu insanın derisinde basit bir alerjik reaksiyon gelişir; genelde bu durum lokal küçük bir şişlik ve kızarıklık ile sınırlı kalırken bazı insanlarda biraz abartılı bir reaksiyon olabilir. Bu kaşıntılı lezyonlar tek büyük bir kabartı olabileceği gibi birçok küçük kabartı olarak da görülebilir. Skeeter Sendromu sivrisinek sokmasına bağlı abartılı alerjik reaksiyondur​1​ Skeeter Sendromunun bilinen hayati riski ve klinik bir önemi olmadığı gibi spesifik bir tedavisi de yoktur. Çok rahatsızlık verirse topikal ya da oral antihistaminik ilaçlar kullanılabilir. Skeeter Sendromuna karşı tek çare sivrisinek sokmalarından korunmaktır. Sivrisinek yaşam döngüsü Sivrisinek sokmasından korunmak için de sivrisineğin yaşam döngüsünü, neden ve nasıl soktuğunu bilmek gerekiyor:   Sivrisineğin yaşamında yaklaşık iki hafta kadar süren dört evre vardır: durgun suda geçen (i) yumurta, (ii) larva ve (iii) pupa evresi ve karada geçen (iv) erişkin evresi. Suda geçen evreler en kritik süreçtir; sivrisinek bu süreçleri yaşam alanımızın 50-100 metre yarıçapı bir alanda eski saksılar, lastikler teneke kutular, çukurlar vb toplanan her türlü durgun su birikintisinde geçirir. Sonrasında erişkin hale gelen dişi sivrisinek yumurtalarını olgunlaştırabilmek için demire ihtiyaç duyar ve bu demir ihtiyacını memeli kanındaki Hemoglobin ve Transferrin proteinlerinden elde eder.​​2​ Dişi sivrisinek proboskis denen evrimleşmiş ağız ve burun ortak hortumunun yapısında gelişmiş koku reseptörlerini kullanarak avlarının kokusunu karanlıkta bile bulabilir. Özellikle parfüm, ter asiti ve nefesteki karbondioksit kokuları sivrisineği çeker; bu şekilde sivrisinek cilde yaklaşır ve konar. Sivrisinek proboskisi ile cildi delip kılcal kan damarlara ulaşır. Bu delme ve emme işlemi olağanüstü gelişmiş bir doğal biyomikroelektromekanik sistemdir.​3​ Acil serviste damar yolu açarken kullandığımız kateter mantığı ile sivrisinek proboskisin sivri ucu ile cildi deler, sert kısmı geri çekerken burna benzer esnek kısım kılcal damarın içine yerleştirir. Bu da gösteriyorki sivrisinekler doğanın minik muazzam damaryolu açıcıları, canlı kateterlerdir ve damar bulmada hiç başarısız olmazlar. Delme ve emme işleminde ağız ve burun parçalarının ortak çalışması kan emeceği kişiyi seçmesinde o kişinin yaydığı kokunun önemli olduğunu göstermektedir. Sivrisinekler koklar, görür ve işitir; yaklaşık 50 metre öteden havadaki karbondioksit kokusunu alır, kokuyu takip eder 5-10 metre uzaktan insanı görebilir ve yaklaşır ve son 20-30 cm de ciltten yükselen termal ısı buharını ve kokuyu algılar. Artık geriye sadece cildi delip kanı emmek kalır. Sonuçta artık sivrisinek soktuğunda “Bakın ne kadar kabardım!” demektense “Sanırım ben Skeeter Sendromu oldum” demek belki kaşıntınızı azaltmasa da havanızı artırabilir.

El virus del Nilo Occidental es un flavivirus emergente transmitido generalmente por mosquitos del género Culex que se mantiene en un ciclo de vida en el que los pájaros hacen las veces de principal reservorio. Los caballos y los humanos también son susceptibles de infectarse y, en los casos más extremos, acaban desarrollando complicaciones de tipo neurológico. Un estudio acaba de determinar que casi el 20 por ciento de las aves silvestres de la región tienen anticuerpos frente a este patógeno, comentamos este trabajo y sus implicaciones con Eva Frontera, investigadora de la Facultad de Veterinaria de la UEx.

आज FYI के इस एपिसोड में साहिबा ख़ान बात करेंगी उन मच्छरों की जिन्होंने आपकी रात की नींद मुहाल कर के रखी है। मगर क्या ये नार्मल मच्छर हैं जो गर्मी में आ के चले जाते हैं  या फिर इनसे है ज़्यादा ख़तरा? क्या ये मच्छर गंभीर बीमारी फैला सकते हैं? और क्यों बढ़ते जा रहे हैं ये हमारे आस-पास।  इन सभी सवालों का जवाब देंगी साहिबा आज के FYI में

Our Media Partner - https://www.rpgfan.com/ Check out our Discord: https://discord.gg/C3zAnQu Twitter: https://twitter.com/PhoenixEdgeRPG 01:50 - Overall Impressions 08:07 - Development History / Nintendo & Square Relationship 19:30 - Graphics/Art Style 23:53 - Isometric Platforming & More In-Depth Graphics Discussion 37:48 - Bowser as an Ally / Thoughts on Premise 52:19 - World Building 58:40 - Dungeon Design 01:01:52 - Recognizable Mario Elements Inserted into Game 01:09:50 - Mario RPG is a Comedy 01:20:15 - Ted Woolsey Localization 01:25:12 - Main Characters 01:39:38 - Culex 01:45:05 - Mini-Games 01:49:56 - Combat 02:03:35 - Soundtrack 02:15:40 - Discord Questions/Comments

Nevím jak vy, ale já mám v letošním létě na chalupě dva úhlavní nepřátele. Culex pipiens a Arion vulgaris.

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.04.26.062919v1?rss=1 Authors: Kythreoti, G., Sdralia, N., Tsitoura, P., Papachristos, D. P., Michaelakis, A., Karras, V., Ruel, D. M., Yakir, E., Bohbot, J. D., Schulz, S., Iatrou, K. Abstract: Odorant-dependent behaviors in insects are triggered by the binding of odorant ligands to the variable subunits of heteromeric olfactory receptors. Previous studies have shown, however, that specific odor binding to ORco, the common subunit of odorant receptor heteromers, may alter allosterically olfactory receptor function and affect profoundly subsequent behavioral responses. Here we report on the identification of several antagonists of the odorant receptor co-receptor of the African malaria vector Anopheles gambiae, AgamORco, in a small collection of natural volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using a relevant insect cell-based screening platform. Because some of the identified antagonists were previously shown to strongly repel Anopheles and Culex mosquitoes, here we examined the bioactivities of the identified antagonists against Aedes, the third major genus of the Culicidae family. The tested antagonists were found to inhibit the function of Ae. aegypti ORco ex vivo and repel Asian tiger, Ae. albopictus, adult mosquitoes. Specific antagonist binary mixtures elicited higher repellency than single antagonists. Binding competition assays suggested antagonist binding to distinct ORco sites as a likely cause for the enhanced repellence of the blends. These findings demonstrate that a simple screening assay may be used for the identification of allosteric modifiers of olfactory-driven behaviors capable of providing enhanced indoor and outdoor protection against multiple mosquito borne infectious diseases. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

How do arboviruses evolve as they pass between different hosts? Greg Ebel discusses his research on West Nile virus evolution and what it means for viral diversity. He also talks about using mosquitos’ most recent blood meal to survey human health in a process called xenosurveillance. Julie’s Biggest Takeaways: Mosquitoes and other arthropods have limited means of immune defense against infection. One major defense mechanism is RNA interference (RNAi). RNAi uses pieces of the West Nile viral genome to select against the viral genome, which helps select for broadly diverse viral sequences. The more rare a viral genotype, the more likely it is to escape negative selection inside the mosquito host, allowing this viral sequence to increase in frequency.  West Nile virus passes largely between birds and mosquitos. Culex mosquitos tend to prefer birds, and this leads to an enzootic cycle for the virus passing between birds and mosquitos. The viral life cycle inside the mosquito has several important steps:  The virus first enters as part of the mosquito blood meal.  The virus infects epithelial cells of the mosquito midgut. After 3-5 days, the virus leaves the midgut (midgut escape) to enter the mosquito hemolymph. In the next mosquito blood meal, virus is expelled with saliva, which has anticoagulant activity. West Nile virus selection undergoes cycles of selection as it passes from vertebrates (mostly birds) to invertebrates (mosquitos): In vertebrates, the virus must escape to cause viremia in a short period of time for replication to occur before the immune system recognizes and eliminates the virus. This leads to purifying selection, or elimination of amino acid variation that decreases viral protein function. In mosquitos, the virus spends several days in the midgut epithelial cells and then hemolymph, leading to a longer selection time. This leads to more viral diversity in the mosquito host. RNAi further drives population diversity. Through stochasticity, a single viral population will often come to dominate a single infected mosquito. How do scientists know which virus replicates best? Competitive fitness tests measure which virus grows to a higher population in a given environment. A manipulated virus (one passaged in a mosquito or selectively mutated at distinct sequences) and its non-manipulated parent sequence are inoculated at known proportions, and given a certain amount of time to replicate. By measuring the final proportions, Greg and his team can determine which sequence was more fit in that given environment.  Xenosurveillance uses mosquitoes to detect a wide array of pathogens at clinically relevant levels. Testing began with in vitro blood-bag feeding, and was validated with studies in Liberia and Senegal. The microorganism sequences are so diverse that the information was used to identify novel human viruses. These studies also provide insight into mosquito feeding habits, which helps in disease modeling. Links for this Episode:  Greg Ebel Lab Website Rückert C. et al. Small RNA Responses of Culex Mosquitoes and Cell Lines during Acute and Persistent Virus Infection. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 2019. Grubaugh N.D. et al. Mosquitoes Transmit Unique West Nile Virus Populations during Each Feeding Episode. Cell Reports. 2017. Grubaugh N.D. and Ebel G.D. Dynamics of West Nile Virus Evolution in Mosquito Vectors. Current Opinion in Virology. 2016. Fauver J.R. et al. Xenosurveillance Reflects Traditional Sampling Techniques for the Identification of Human Pathogens: A Comparative Study in West Africa. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2018. Fauver J.R. The Use of Xenosurveillance to Detect Human Bacteria, Parasites, and Viruses in Mosquito Bloodmeals. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2017. Tracey McNamera: Canaries in the Coal Mine TEDxUCLA New York Times: Encephalitis Outbreak Teaches an Old Lesson. 1999. ASM Article: The One Health of Animals, Humans, and Our Planet: It’s All Microbially Connected    

Jim Cornette trends, John beat Smithy but not Culex, ebay Hasbro cancellations, Chris and John dissect the QB situation to see who is better/worse than Dak Prescott. Chris forgot the name of the episode again.

[00:00:02] Hey welcome back. Welcome back to another edition of the pestgeek podcast. I am your host Frank Hernandez and we're gonna be discussing culex mosquitoes. That's right. It's mosquito season soon as those temperatures rise above 70 degrees they start coming out and they start populating and we're going to be covering culex mosquitoes… The post Culex mosquitoes quinquefasciatus and pipiens the hybrid is pipiens-molestus. appeared first on Pest Geek Pest Control Podcast .

Super Mario RPG Part 4!  Check out our new, limited time only store: http://coachsassistant.gtmsportswear.com/squareroots We start off with 65 Rules For Dating My Gay Friend John, the terrible 6 Doors of Disappointment, the insane boss rush that is the final stage, discussing the physiology of Exor, casting a new hypothetical Super Mario Brothers movie, we trade Culex strategies, Matthew relies on Geno Flash to win the game, and we try to figure out who some of these late game bosses are. There's final thoughts on the game with no set rating system, and most importantly we break down the government structure and long-con of the Mushroom Kingdom. Spoiler: Mario is a useful idiot. This week: We finish the game! Next week: We get to the Gummi Ship in Kingdom Hearts 1! Twitter: @squarerootspod Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/486022898258197/ Email: squarerootspodcast (at) gmail (dort) com Our theme music is by Mykal Williams, check out his Youtube here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCNYPoyecyVkXzg4D3Pq5mKw  His Soundcloud is here: https://soundcloud.com/mykalwilliams

Olá, Pessoas! Neste episódio descobrimos o Nicho do Msc. Marco Marchi! Descubra um pouco mais sobre os mosquitos estéreis da fazendola do Tiri!Faça o Download do episódio em: http://bit.ly/onicho-06 Assine nosso feed e receba todos os episódios automaticamente: http://feeds.feedburner.com/ONichoou assine no iTunes: itpc://feeds.feedburner.com/ONicho Curta nossa página no Facebook: http://facebook.com/onichopodcastSe inscreva em nosso canal do Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC6GSsct7E6UhOev75tZHpyQ Referência do trabalho:Petersen, Vivian, Marchi, Marco Jacometto, Natal, Delsio, Marrelli, Mauro Toledo, Barbosa, Admilson Clayton, & Suesdek, Lincoln. (2016). Assessment of the correlation between wing size and body weight in captive Culex quinquefasciatus. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, 49(4), 508-511. https://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0039-2016 Links comentados no programa: - IV Jornada das Licenciaturas em Ciências Biológicas (UFSC)https://jolibio2016.wordpress.com/ - Sitehttps://www.facebook.com/events/204993983265926 - Evento Facebook- Financiamento Coletivo para a pesquisa de campo do Caiohttp://www.pterulaceae.com Músicas do Episódio por:Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com), Royalty Free Music from Bensound (www.bensound.com) & music by audionautix.comLicensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Arte da Vitrine por Mari Doria ‪#‎onicho‬ ‪#‎podcast

Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit From the twiVivants, follow up on FluMist and Zoster vaccines, Zika virus update, and isolation of a multicomponent animal virus from mosquitoes.   Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode FluMist problem (FDA) DA Henderson obituary (NY Times) DA Henderson, smallpox eradicator (TWiV Special) Efficacy of VZV vaccine (Ther Adv Vaccines) Zika virus burden, Puerto Rico (JAMA) Zika virus in Miami Beach (STAT) Congenital brain anomalies and Zika virus (Radiology) Congenital Zika syndrome with arthrogryposis (BMJ) Multicomponent animal virus from mosquitoes (Cell Host Microbe) Breaking rules of infection (NPR) Image credit Letters read on TWiV 404 This episode is brought to you by CuriosityStream, a subscription streaming service that offers over 1,400 documentaries and non­fiction series from the world's best filmmakers. Get unlimited access starting at just $2.99 a month, and for our audience, the first two months are completel free if you sign up at curiositystream.com/microbe and use the promo code MICROBE. This episode is also brought to you by Drobo, a family of safe, expandable, yet simple to use storage arrays. Drobos are designed to protect your important data forever. Visit www.drobo.com to learn more. Listeners can save $100 on a Drobo system at drobostore.com by using the discount code Microbe100. Weekly Science Picks Alan - Sally Le PageDickson - Comfortably Numb by Jamie Dupuis Rich -  Learned HelplessnessVincent - Virus by Marilyn Roossinck Listener Picks OneTime - The Stranglers - Old CodgerSteve - A Poem About Pronunciation Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Episode 4: Homeopathy in Japan The Present, an interview with Torako Yui As a bridge out of the homeoprophylaxis theme, Torako Yui shares her extraordinary journey to, and with, homeopathy. I was introduced to Torako through my interview with Kate Birch. Torako has been very active with homeoprophylaxis and offering Hp kits to families in Japan. But her work reaches far and wide. Recognizing the blocks to health in diet and lifestyle, Torako has started organic farms as well as developed organic body care products.  The Past, 1931 The Management of the Chronic Case and Removal of Obstacles to Recovery: a paper presented by Eugene Underhill at the Bureau of Homeopathic Philosophy, June 1931 I read the words of E. Underhill, describing the necessary task of removing obstacles from cure so that our patients *may* truly be cured.  The Future, Mosquitoes as vectors of viruses Thinking about the theme of Japan, I looked up Japanese Encephalitis to get a bit more acquainted with the disease. I followed my questions of connections and diversions with the current outbreaks of Zika virus (different mosquito), the Culex mosquito, proving, and malaria.    Links Torako's website (beautiful!) Torako article, hpathy.com Torako article, interhomeopathy.com Lou Klein's Zhomeo (webinars)    

Background Current strategic plans for malaria control in Ghana include the attainment of 80% of the general population sleeping under insecticide treated materials (ITM) by 2015. This coverage may not be attained if there is non-compliance in the use of bed nets. Failure of ITM to protect users from nuisance mosquitoes, particularly Culex mosquitoes has been cited as one of the major threats to the sustained use of ITM. A nationwide survey was therefore carried out to determine insecticide resistance status of Culex species and efficacy of ITM against them. Methods and materials Mosquito larvae were sampled from various land use and ecological settings and at different seasons. These were reared to adults and used for the various tests. In adults, insecticide susceptibility tests to eight insecticides as well as cone and tunnel bioassays were performed. Biochemical and molecular analyses were also conducted to determine the resistance mechanisms in the study populations. Results Culex quinquefasciatus and C. decens were the Culex species that were identified in the study area. DDT and deltamethrin resistances were evident across the country. A strong relationship between resistance status and urban size was observed in the study population (Pearson χ2 =48.2; df = 1; P

The outbreak of Schmallenberg disease amongst sheep and cattle on British farms has provided a powerful reminder of how novel infections can develop, spread and kill before the authorities have a chance to react. Scientists are still working hard to fully understand the virus and a vaccine is still some way off so what can we do to protect ourselves against future disease outbreaks? And how can we discover what diseases could be heading our way? Tom Heap heads to the Kent marshes in search of one of the potential carriers of nasty illnesses: Culex modestus. It's known to be a successful carrier of West Nile Virus - a paricularly nasty illness - and while the mosquito has been found on the marshes of Kent the disease has not made it's way to the UK yet. Costing The Earth also discovers the vital role social media could play in monitoring future epidemics. Intensive farming, international travel, global trade and climate change are all playing a role in changing the diseases we encounter. In 'Costing the Earth' Tom Heap asks what epidemics we should expect in the future and examines the readiness of government, the medical profession and the pharmaceutical industry. Producer: Martin Poyntz-Roberts.

On episode #73 of the podcast This Week in Virology, Vincent, Dickson, and Rich discuss multipotent progenitor bone marrow cells as a reservoir of HIV-1, integration of HHV-6 into telomeres, and dispersal of West Nile virus across the US by mosquitoes. Host links Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, and Rich Condit Links for this episode: HIV-1 infects multipotent progenitor cells HHV-6 genome integrates into telomeres A role for mosquito-mediated dispersal of West Nile virus across the US Using tobacco mosaic virus to produce synthetic photovoltaic cells (thanks Nissin!) Animation of HIV replication cycle (thanks Ilya!) Can computer viruses evolve? (thanks Norman!) Mumps outbreak in Israel (one and two) (thanks Ariel!) Bocavirus infections in children (thanks Tyler!) Weekly science picks: Dickson Whole-Genome Sequencing in a Patient with Charcot–Marie–Tooth Neuropathy (NEJM and NY Times) Rich Invisible Frontiers: The Race to Synthesize a Human Gene by Stephen Hall Vincent Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections - videocasts