Podcasts about Napoleon

THE FUSEBOX INTERVIEW : Napoleon Murphy Brock and Nick Chargin : 01:06:18 Join us for a delightful interview with Napoleon Murphy Brock, Frank Zappa's frontman during the 1973 -75 years. Arguably, one the most beloved bands non the Zappa universe. He's featured on albums like “Over-nite Sensation”, “One Size Fits All”, “Bongo Fury”  and “Roxy […]

A bold, revisionist study of modern warfare, showing that military victory is rooted not in large armies and decisive battles, but in the full spectrum of economic, political, and social power. For nearly two centuries, international relations have been premised on the idea of the "Great Powers." As the thinking went, these mighty states--the European empires of the nineteenth century, the United States and the USSR during the Cold War--were uniquely able to exert their influence on the world stage because of their overwhelming military capabilities. But as military historian Phillips Payson O'Brien argues in War and Power: Who Wins Wars--And Why (PublicAffairs, 2025), this conception of power fails to capture the more complicated truth about how wars are fought and won. Our focus on the importance of large, well-equipped armies and conclusive battles has obscured the foundational forces that underlie military victories and the actual mechanics of successful warfare. O'Brien suggests a new framework of "full-spectrum powers," taking into account all of the diverse factors that make a state strong--from economic and technological might, to political stability, to the complex logistics needed to maintain forces in the field. Drawing on examples ranging from Napoleon's France to today's ascendant China, War and Power offers a critical new understanding of what makes a power truly great. It is vital reading in today's perilous world. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Hey guys before you listen to this one, do realize this is part 4 on a series about General Kanji Ishiwara, so if you have not already done so I would recommend listening to Part 1-2-3.    This episode is General Kanji Ishiwara part 4: Ishiwara vs Hideki Tojo So I promised this would be the last one and it is, rest assured. Sheesh what started as a suggested episode turned into an entire series, but then again Ishiwara Kanji was quite a figure. I recently did a podcast with Cody from AlternateHistoryHub, and at the end of the podcast he poked at me for some alternate history ideas related to the Pacific War. My first thought was what if the Triple Intervention after the Russo-Japanese War never occurred, but then I thought….hell what if Ishiwara Kanji never existed or I dunno got hit by a car. Imagine how different things would have been if not for this one, I am just gonna say it, instigator haha. Now I think when one looks at this mans life, we attribute much of the story towards the Mukden Incident and the eventual full scale China war, but thats not where it ends of course. Ishiwara did a lot during the war and after, so to close it all up lets jump back into it.   Ishiwara is now a Major General , chief of the most powerful office on the general staff. He was fighting tooth and nail to limit operations in what was the new China War. A month before everything hit the fan he declared in front of the General staff “I shall never send a single soldier to China as long as I live”. But in mid-June of 1937 rumors emerged that the China garrison was planning another incident in the Beijing area, similar to Ishiwara's famous Mukden incident of September 1931. Two weeks later the Marco Polo Bridge incident occurred on July 7th. The Japanese army were divided on the issue. There was the expansionists who sought to smash China in a single blow and the non-expansionists who sought to settle everything between their nations before the conflict became too large. Ishiwara was on the side of the non-expansionists and from the earliest hours of the war he directed a losing fight to try and localize the conflict. Fight as he must to stop mobilization of further forces, he was forced to relent multiple times and to his horror the conflict grew and grew. Ishiwara's efforts or some would say meddling, ironically made things worse for the non-expansionists. Some of the expansionists would go on the record to state Ishiwara bungled the situation, years after the China incident, Colonel Shibayama would say with bitterness “The idea that Ishiawara Kanji opposed the expansion of the China incident is nonsense. If he really had opposed it he wouldn't have agreed to the mobilization. There were certainly other ways of solving the problem” Ishiwara was stuck between a rock and a hard place. While he wanted to stop the mobilization of more forces to China, the men at the front kept sending reports that Japanese citizens were underthreat in areas like Beijing, his wrists were turned as they say. Ishiwara did not cave in without a fight however, as I said in the last episode he turned to Prime Minister Konoe to strike a deal with Chiang Kai-shek, and Konoe nearly did, but at the last minute he canceled his flight to Nanking.   When the North China incident saw action spring up in Shanghai, it then became officially the China incident and Ishiwara attempted once more to push for a peace settlement in September. However by that point Ishiwara's influence had dropped considerably, few in the Operations division were still following his lead. Many of the expansionists began to bemoan Ishiwara as nothing more than a nuisance. Prince Sainji would go on the record telling Konoe “Ishiwara is like a candly in the wind ready to be snuffed out at any moment”. By late september Ishiwara was removed from the General staff by General Tada. The expansionists had won the day. There were other non-expansionists like Horiba Kazuo and Imai Takeo who carried on fighting the non-expansionist cause, but in january of 1938 Konoe decalred the Japanese government would not treat with Chiang Kai-shek. It was the nail in the coffin.   The war escalted, by 1938 24 divisions were tossed into China, in 1939 it would be 34 bogged down. The IJA was without mobilization divisions and less than half the ammunition necessary for the 15 divisions assigned to the borders with the USSR and that critical weakness became only to apparent with two border clashes in 1938 and 1939. To Ishiwara it was all too predicatable, he had continuously argued the folly of a China War. He lectured about how it was impossible to conquer China “China is like an earthworm. Cut it in two and it will still keep on wriggling”. Ishiwara believed China's territory and self-sufficiency built upon its masses would always make up for Japanese military might. Ishiwara unlike his colleagues believed Japan was not capable of dealing a knock out blow against China. He would criticize many for promoting the idea stating “those who excite the public by claims of victory, just because the army has captured some out of the way little area, do so only to coneal their own incompetence as they squander the nation's power in an unjustified war”.   In the fall of 1937 Ishiwara found himself back in mainland Asia with an appointed as the vice chief of staff of the Kwantung army. But he came back with a scarred reputation now, for his non-expansionist fight earned him a lot of scorn. All of his ideas of a political independent and racially equal Manchukuo in 1932 had all but disappeared. The Japanese military and civilians occupied all important positions in the puppet state. The Kwantung army authorities, particularly that of Hideki Tojo wgo was at the time a provost marshal in Manchuria had taken a stern line against any efforts to revive East Asian League or their ideals. So when Ishiwara arrived, he quickly realized his influence had deminished significantly. None the less he took up his old cause trying to work with the barely relavent Concordia association, but they were fighting against Tojo who received a promotion to chief of staff in Manchuria in March. Tojo was now Ishiwara's superior, it was a hopeless cause, but Ishiwara persisted.    Ishiwara began insisting the Kwantung army must step asie to allow for self-government to reing over Manchuria. He argued Japan's special holdings in Manchuria should be turned over to the Manchukuo government and that the Concordia association should act as a guiding source. He also pointed out how dangerous the USSR was too Manchuria and that Japan must increase its forces in the border areas of Manchuria. For all of this he recommended a solution would be a Asian union, that if Manchukuo flourished under racial equality and harmony, perhaps it would show the rest of China Sino-Japanese cooperation was possible and maybe China would join an East Asian league. Ishiwara would continously hammer the idea, that the solution to the China war was to create an effective east asian league. With China in the fold, they would have unrivaled airpower, a prime element in his preparation for the Final War. Not a single one of his arguments were given any consideration.   Ontop of his radical ideas, Ishiwara also advised reducing salaries for Japanese officials in Manchuria and was as you can imagine denounced quickly by his colleagues for this. Then Ishiwara found out Tojo was embezzling Kwantung army funds to the officers wives club, a pet project of Mrs Tojo. So Ishiwara went ahead by pointing out Tojo's corruption and added a large insult by suggesting Tojo had the mentality of a mere sergeant. In a public speech at the Concordia association infront of a mixed Japanese/manchurian audience he tore into many of his colleagues like General Hashimoto Toranosuke who was an honorary president of said association and Ishiwara said “he did nothing but sit around and draw a high salary, setting a disgraceful example to junior officers”. So yeah Ishiwara soon found himself very very isolated in the Kwantung army staff. Tojo received a promotion to vice minister of war in May of 1938, with the support of notable expansionist types. As for Ishiwara he had became quite a headache to his colleagues. Depressed and disgusted with the situation, Ishiwara decided to quit the army before he was tossed out. He first tried to apply at the war ministry to be placed on the reserve list but was told the matter required approval of the minister of war. At that time, it was actually his old buddy Itagaki Seishiro as minister of war. While the decision was being made, Ishiwara was authorized to return to Japan, but when he did the Kwantung army inisted he had departed without authorization to do so, basically arguing he just walked away from his desk one day.   Itagaki made no move to summon Ishiwara once he was back in Tokyo, but Tojo as vice minister got wind of the situation and was all too eager to pounce. It turned out Tojo had Kenpeitai waching Ishiwara and some of his closest colleagues for awhile and he chose this moment to haul Ishiwara up for military indiscipline. The case against Ishiwara was quite a controversy and in the end all Itagaki could do for his old friend was get him an command over the Maizuru fortress area on Japan's seacost of Kyoto prefecture. The day before the orders were posted, Tojo managed to toss one last punch at Ishiwara. He order his Kenpeitai friend, special service commander Colonel Otani Keijiro to carry out a lightning raid on the Tokyo offices of the Concordia Association which saw the arrests of some of Ishiwara's close colleagues.   1939-1941 marked a terrible time for Ishiwara's military career, but he did take the time to build more so upon his Final War theory, the national defense state, the Showa restoration and the East Asian league. Ishiwara's lackluster Maizuru assignment was a quite backwater, not demanding much attention. During his leisure time he came to the conclussion based on his analysis of military history with some fresh readings of Buddhist texts that the Final War was destined to break out within the next 40 years or so. On March 10th of 1939 he made an address to the Concordia association in Toyko “a concept of world war “sekai sensokan”. He stated based on his analysis that Japan had to prepare for the final war because “world conflict is now in the semifinal round and it is for this reason that the necessity has arrived for an east asian league”. In August of 1939 Itagaki resigned as war minister to take up a position on on the chief of staff in the China expeditionary army which was then grinding to a halt. But before he did so, he made one of his final acts as war minister to give Ishiwara command of the 16th reserve division in Kyoto.   It was not a frontline position, but it was an important one, as the Kyoto command was notable for developing infantry tactics. Japan had just received some major defeats to the USSR at the battle of Lake Khasan and Khalkhin Gol so Ishiwara went to work developing some anti soviet tactics. This led to some infiltration techniques that would see application with the IJA during the early battles of the Pacific War. But despite his work on tactics, what really consumed his mind was pressing for the East Asian League. He argued a Showa restoration needed to happen, like the Meiji restoration, but this new one would be pan-asian, to face the west. In May of 1940 he put all of his arguments together in a public address that gained fame under the title “on the final war”. It was here he unleashed two decades of his thoughts into the Japanese public. He added some new features to his theories such as a “the world had entered a second industrial revolution”. He pointed out German had pioneered in the field of electrochemistry, producing energy for both industrial production and weapons of war. Such discoveries he argued would permit Asian nations to catch up and eventually overtake the west in productive and destructive power. But above all else he kept hammering the necessity for an east asian league, which required a Showa restoration to finally bring pan-asianism.   In November of 1939, as a successor to the Concordia Association, the association for an east asian league was established with its HQ in tokyo. Ishiwara was unable to officially become a member because he was part of the military, but he was an unofficial advisor and more importantly in the eyes of the public it was his association. By 1941 the association blew up to 100,000 members, mostly ex-soldiers, businessmen, journalists, farmers and such. They had a monthly magazine, training courses, meetings, lectures, the works. They extensively studied Ishiwara's writings on the history of war, the Showa restoration and his Final War theory. They spent extensive resources securing bases on the asian mainland trying to recruit supporters amongst other asian peoples to create a federation. Within Japanese controlled portions of China, they propagated the concept of the East Asian league. For the small group of collaborationists in China, many were attracted to it. In February of 1941 the General China assembly for the east asian league, was established in Nanjing with Wang Jingwei as chairman. Oh Wang Jingwei…having spent so much time learning about the Warlord Era and Northern Expedition, it never surprises me this guy would cling to anything for power. The influence of the league even found its way to Chongqing, and Chiang Kai-shek allegedly declared that peace negotiations could be pursued based on some aspects of the movement. But come spring of 1941, all of the leagues efforts would be dashed by Tojo. In early 1941, Tojo as war minister began plotting against the league and its architect Ishiwara. Tojo believed the east asian league was very defeatists and antithetical to his own hard line stance on Sino-Japanese relations. It also provided his nemesis Ishiwara with a political base to generate public opposition to his government's policies. Tojo obviously thought Ishiwara would use such a thing to overthrow him, so he went to war. His first move was to put Ishiwara on the retired list in december of 1940. However Ishiwara was still a influential figure and held some considerably powerful friends like Prince Higashikuni, so he was unable to safely pull this off. Instead he chose to harass the league.    Initially Premier Konoe was backing the league, but Tojo began to pressure Konoe to take a position against it. On January 14th, the konoe cabinet stated “as it appears that they violate respect for the nation and cast a shadow on the imperial authority, theories advocating leagues of states are hereby not permitted”. Thus the east asian league became illegal. Taking the cue on the cabinets decision, the Japanese media began a running hit pieces on the league, kind of like how America works today, ompf. By february of 1941 the criticism towards the league was smashing them. All of Ishiwara's allies within the league were hit hard, some even tortured, it was a purge. For Ishiwara nothing really happened, except for the continual surveillance by the Kenpeitai. Ishiwara proceeded to vent his wrath in public speeches, pretty bold ass move if you ask me and he delivered one fiery one at Kyoto university on east asia problems where he told his audience “the enemy is not the chinese people, but rather certain Japanese. It is particularly Tojo Hideki and Umezu Yoshijiro, who, armed and pursuing their own ambition, are the enemy of Japan. As disturbers of the peace they are the enemies of the world. They should be arrested and executed”. Excuse my french, but the fucking balls on this guy haha. Ishiwara made this statement in public and at the time he was still in military service, its simply incredible he did not suffer horrible punishment after slandering the minister of war and commander of the kwantung army. Why was he not punished, well again it was awkward as he still had a cult following and going after him might see violence. Ishiwara would later state the reason he was not persecuted was because “Tojo was a coward who never had the courage to arrest me. The fact that a man like Tojo and his henchmen came to power was one reason for Japan's downfall”.    Regardless Ishiwara's public statements finally led to him being placed on the retirement list on March 1st of 1941 and yes it was 100% Tojo who pushed this. Tojo ordered the Kenpeitai to watch Ishiwara closely for weeks after his forced retirement. Ishiwara enthusiastically went into retirement as he now was fully dedicated to his four great concerns: the east asian league, the showa restoration, the national defense state and of course the final war theory.   In the meantime another league had opened up, the Greater East Asia Co-prosperity sphere and you would be forgiven to believe it was the same as the east asian league if not its successor. Both perpetuated common ideology, like racial harmony, stemming from the Concordia association. Ishiwara's concepts of national defense also found their way in the Greater east asia co-prosperity sphere. It advocated for most of the basic principals of the league, common defense, political independence and integration of economic systems. How did they differ you might ask? Well Ishiwara's east asian league did not share the formers racial superiority of the Japanese as its cornerstone. The east asian league was not built upon the premise that China was incompetent as a modern state and needed to be led. For you american listeners, its actually pretty easy to summarize the co-prosperity sphere idea, its was Japan's monroe doctrine. The east asian league had been undone by the China War and then Pacific War, leaving the co-prosperity sphere to monopolize the asian continent and it did so through brute force and undermined any chance of pan-asianism. Ishiwara sought the east asian league solely because he truly believed pan-asianism would be required to build up enough forces to fight the final war.    During his retirement Ishiwara went on lecturing in major universities, but Tojo unleashed the Kenpeitai upon him, whom often demanded he cancel a lecture or not talk about certain subjects. I guess its like Youtube today, haha. Though ever the more isolated, when the Pacific War kicked off, Ishiwara could not be fully muzzled. He did not opposed the surprise attack on pearl harbor publically, but privately he predicted Japan had begun a war it would lose, based solely on material terms. A famous thing he once said to Satomi Kishio which appears in an cooky anime called Zipang where some member of the SDF accidentally go back in time to june 4th of 1942 if you were curious, really funny premise, but anyways, Ishiwara said this “inevitably, we shall lose this war. It will be a struggle in which Japan, even though it has only a thousand yen in its pocket, plans to spend ten thousand, while the United States has a hundred thousand yen, but only needs to spend ten thousand…we simply cannot last. Japan started this war without considering its resources beforehand”. I love this passage. It's an excellent way to speak to a general public, very effective I find.   Ishiwara criticized the military for spreading themselves out too thinly in the early months of the war, dispersing countless men on small islands in the pacific. But above all else, he kept hammering the fact the China war needed to end. China was sucking up the vast majority of Japan's military resources and men, how could Japan hope to wage a war against a nation like the US when it was stuck in China? When Saipan fell in 1944, Ishiwara said all hope was lost. He believed the only possible way Japan could avoid disaster was if the USSR broke its pact with its allies and offered a settlement to Japan, but he knew that was a long shot given how anti-communist Japan was. I have to make a point here to say a LOT of Ishiwara's talk, comes postwar and feels like a “i told you so”. Ishiwara gave testimony at the Tokyo war crime trials and declared “despite its material inferiority, Japan did not need to suffer a defeat, if its strategy had been well planned and carried out”. He even made a remark to an American correspondent named Mark Gayn in 1946 stating if he held command of the forces he would have ended the war with China, consolidated Japanese defensive lines and made a proper stand.   Throughout the war, Ishiwara battled Tojo, often referring to him as a simpleton. In fact in late 1942 he arranged an audience with Tojo and told him to his face that he was too incompetent to run the nation or wage a war and that he should step down. There was a rumor Ishiwara was part of a plot to assassinate Tojo in the summer of 1944. This was a scheme hatched by some junior officers in the central HQ, and one of their members was a east asian league associate. Ishiwara was called upon to Tokyo during an investigation of the plot and as much as Tojo and his team tried to find evidence of his involvement, they were unable to nail him. The Kenpeitai chased after Ishiwara until Tojo's regime collapsed.    By the end of the war, Ishiwara was asked by Prince Higashikuni if he could join the “surrender cabinet' as an advisor. Ishiwara declined on the grounds he wanted to be unsullied by Japans defeat.    It should be noted again, Ishiwara was a man of countless contradictions. While he was one of the first to be outspoken against the Pacific War and predicted Japan's defeat, during the end half of the way he got really caught up in the war fever. For example in 1944 he began stating Japan needed to prepare to “shed the blood of a million lives in the south seas in a do or die battle”. He also had this blind faith that a German victory in Europe would turn the tide of the war in the east. He said of Hitler in 1944 “he is the greatest hero in Europe since Napoleon”. Some argue his later public stances were the result of him not being in the military and thus he had to conform to the wartime propaganda to get his message across to the general public. He also began linking concepts of the east asian league to the greater east asian co-prosperity sphere, which is quite the contradiction. Again personally I see him as a fence sitter, he loved to always have a backdoor in his arguments.   One major thing that he faced during the Pacific War, was trying to explain to his followers, the current war was not the Final War. As he stated publicly in February of 1942 “Many people think that the greater east asian war is the final war. Nothing could be further from the truth… the greater east asian war is the grand rehearsal for the final war. In other words, it will lead to the liberation of east asia and the establishment of an east asian league and will provide to the league the necessary material and strategic base for the final war”. Well the failure of the China War, Pacific War, the complete military collapse of Japan, the take over of communism in mainland asia, the emerging cold war….I guess that all kind of ruined his final war theory.    With Japan's defeat looming in 1944, Ishiwara began to shift his focus towards a reconstruction effort. He began as early as 1944 to talk about what would happen to Japan. He predicted she would lose much overseas territory, her cities would be in ruins, her people would be starving. He turned his attention to agriculture, how could food production be increased, he became particularly interested in fertilizers. By the end of the war he gathered a farming community to discuss how things could be improved. When the surrender proclamation was made, he began to ponder the meaning of his life's work. After the emperor made his speech, Ishiwara gathered his followers to speak to them about how Japan could regain world power and thus keep his theory intact. Ishiwara had many ideas going forward about how Japan could take a positive footing. He advocated Japan dismantle the remnants of its bureaucratic despotism, abolition the special police force, apologize to the global community for war crimes, but he also argued America needed to answer for her war crimes as well. He especially pointed fingers at President Truman for two atomic bombs and that efforts needed to be made to use bombings to lessen Japan's punishment. Ishiwara also argued Japan should gain sympathy from asia so their former enemies could come together to form an east asian league.   Emperor Hirohito proclaimed the surrender and abolition of all stocks of war materials, and Ishiwara said that was fine because he believed the final war would require new armaments that would be completely different from what existed. He predicted the future wars would be more scientific, fought with decisive weapons developed in laboratories that did not require large organized military forces. He thought perhaps a small body of underground scientists could create terrible new weapons to prepare for the Final War, thats a terrifying idea. In autumn of 1945, Ishiwara found himself in the limelight again. His lectures had made him a viable alternative to the Tojo regime during the last year of the war and his reputation as an opponent and victim of said regime made him special. Many journalists, both Japanese and American came flooding to him followed by a legion of followers who were unable to publicly come forward during the Tojo years.   Ishiwara took advantage of this new situation to make some very large speeches. He spoke about how the Tojo clique was the reason for Japan's defeat, how they all needed to establish a new Japan. He brought out the usual theories he had spoke about for years, and argued the necessity for national reconstruction to prepare for the final war. However he changed his argument a bit, stating while Japan had military been crushed, it now must prepare for the final war by building the highest culture. In this new age, Japan needed to obtain supremacy in fields of science, because he now believed that was the new power. “A single laboratory, a single factory, or perhaps a single man working alone will make the most fantastic discovery that will make war decisive”. He would continue to make speeches throughout 1945, but come 1946 the high authority, one Emperor Douglas MacArthur, haha sorry I had to say it, General MacArthur stamped down on any Japanese leader, especially former military leaders. So Ishiwara had a few months of fame, but then he found himself yet again purged, though not arrested. Alongside this came a ban on the East Asian League association.    Ishiwara was then incapacitated by illness, something that plagued his life. His condition became so bad he required surgery in Tokyo. In April of 1946 he was interviewed by American correspondent Mark Gayn who left with a very memorable impression of the man, he had this to say “ Ishiwara received us in his small room, whose window frames were still buckled from bomb explosions. He is a lean man with a deeply tanned face, close shaven head and hard, unblinking eyes. He was sitting Japanese style on his cot, his hands in his lap. Even in a shapeless gown of yellow silk, his body looked straight as a steel rod… We asked Ishiwara just two questions: what of Japan in defeat and what of himself? He answered readily and at length, in a sharp firm voice. He talked like a man who believed every word he said”. Ishiwara told his life story, the Mukden incident, the China war escalation, his feud with Tojo all of his failed attempts with the East Asian League.    In 1947 Ishiwara was put on a list of those Japanese who were purged from public life. He was extremely bitter about this and at the same time he was called as a defense witness in the Tokyo War Crimes Trials. Ishiwara was too sick to travel to Tokyo, so a special military court was convened in Sakata city. He made his deposition in front of 50 people, talking about his role in the Mukden incident and China War. He stated President Truman should be indicted for the atomic bombs and firebombing campaigns and turned upon his American audience about the denunciation for Japanese expansionism. “Havent you ever heard of Perry? Don't you know anything about your country's history? Tokugawa Japan believed in isolation; it didnt want to have anything to do with other countries, and had its doors locked tightly. Then along came Perry from your country in his black ships to open those doors; he aimed his big guns at Japan and warned that ‘if you don't deal with us, look out for these; open your doors, and negotiate with other countries too'. And then when Japan did open its doors and tried dealing with other countries, it learned that all those countries were a fearfully aggressive lot. And so for its own defense it took your country as its teacher and set about learning how to be aggressive. You might saw we became your disciples. Why dont you subpoena Perry from the other world and try him as a war criminal?”    In November of 1948 Ishiwara declared on a home recorded video “we must utterly cast war aside. We must firmly avoid questions of interest and advantage and judge our national policy purely on a spirit of righteousness…Japan may be devastated, but we must live by a complete rejection of war. The nation must compose itself like Nichiren at Takenoguchi or Christ on his war to the crucifixion”. It seems Ishiwara at the very end gave up on his theories, and supported Japan attaining a permanent peace. That last years of his life were spent in constant pain due to his illness. In 1949 he contracted a fatal case of pneumonia and realizing he was going to die, dictated a message that summed up all his speculation in the recent years on Japan and its future. The document was originally done in English and directed at General Douglas MacArthur. A month after Ishiwara's death, a Japanese version came out titled “the course for a new Japan / Shin Nihon no Shinro”. The primary purpose of the document was to get MacArthur to lift the ban on the east asia league, but it was also a last apologia. He talked about how Germany, the USSR, Italy and Japan had started on the path of state control, and they all fell prey to group despotism, because all decisions were being made by a few men in the center. He argued Britain's socialist government, the United States New Deal and Marshall plan were great example of a good control system. He argued pure liberalism no longer existed anywhere, not even in the US, yet the US was trying to make Japan a liberal nation. He argued all nations should be allowed to move ahead freely. To end it all of he said this as well “I realize now in my predictions concerning a final war between the east and west I was supremely overconfident and that the facts have proven my wrong. I fear that the real final conflict may be the United States and USSR”   At the age of 61 Ishiwara died in August of 1949, in a small house with some of his followers gathered around him. He said to them before dying he was glad to die at the same age as Nichiren

A bold, revisionist study of modern warfare, showing that military victory is rooted not in large armies and decisive battles, but in the full spectrum of economic, political, and social power. For nearly two centuries, international relations have been premised on the idea of the "Great Powers." As the thinking went, these mighty states--the European empires of the nineteenth century, the United States and the USSR during the Cold War--were uniquely able to exert their influence on the world stage because of their overwhelming military capabilities. But as military historian Phillips Payson O'Brien argues in War and Power: Who Wins Wars--And Why (PublicAffairs, 2025), this conception of power fails to capture the more complicated truth about how wars are fought and won. Our focus on the importance of large, well-equipped armies and conclusive battles has obscured the foundational forces that underlie military victories and the actual mechanics of successful warfare. O'Brien suggests a new framework of "full-spectrum powers," taking into account all of the diverse factors that make a state strong--from economic and technological might, to political stability, to the complex logistics needed to maintain forces in the field. Drawing on examples ranging from Napoleon's France to today's ascendant China, War and Power offers a critical new understanding of what makes a power truly great. It is vital reading in today's perilous world. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/military-history

A bold, revisionist study of modern warfare, showing that military victory is rooted not in large armies and decisive battles, but in the full spectrum of economic, political, and social power. For nearly two centuries, international relations have been premised on the idea of the "Great Powers." As the thinking went, these mighty states--the European empires of the nineteenth century, the United States and the USSR during the Cold War--were uniquely able to exert their influence on the world stage because of their overwhelming military capabilities. But as military historian Phillips Payson O'Brien argues in War and Power: Who Wins Wars--And Why (PublicAffairs, 2025), this conception of power fails to capture the more complicated truth about how wars are fought and won. Our focus on the importance of large, well-equipped armies and conclusive battles has obscured the foundational forces that underlie military victories and the actual mechanics of successful warfare. O'Brien suggests a new framework of "full-spectrum powers," taking into account all of the diverse factors that make a state strong--from economic and technological might, to political stability, to the complex logistics needed to maintain forces in the field. Drawing on examples ranging from Napoleon's France to today's ascendant China, War and Power offers a critical new understanding of what makes a power truly great. It is vital reading in today's perilous world. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/world-affairs

An art heist at the Louvre Museum in Paris on October 19th has left eight artifacts stolen, and one damaged during the theft, including priceless jewelry worn by Napoleon's wife Marie Louise. What is the historical significance of these artifacts, and how has the heist impacted French history? KCSB's Tatiana Jacquez spoke with UCSB Art History Professor, Carole Paul, to learn more.

"It was like a soap opera," Adam says of the Congress of Vienna near the end of this interview episode. That just about sums up his unique perspective on the whole Napoleonic period, as reflected throughout this discussion - a fascination with personalities and the impact individuals can have on human history, contextualised by an understanding of the messiness of diplomacy and power politics which defined the long 18th century. 01.20 - Izabela The Valiant, Adam's most recent book10.00 - How Adam's views about the biggest characters of 1792-1815 have developed over the past five years18.00 - Was Wellington over-rated28.00 - Czartoryski, Alexander's first foreign minister and a key figure for Poland36.00 - Power politics in eastern Europe - Germany, Poland, Austria, Russia and France 52.00 - Napoleon's Spanish calculations56.50 - The Congress of Vienna's negative impact on the ideals of monarchyHelp us produce more episodes by supporting the Napoleonic Quarterly on Patreon: patreon.com/napoleonicquarterly

The final political legacy of the Roman Empire in western Europe was the Holy Roman Empire. Amazingly, this curious political institution lasted until Napoleon abolished it in 1806. In the eighteenth century, the French political philosopher Voltaire famously described it as neither Holy nor Roman nor an Empire. He may have been right in his own age, but it was originally born with the dream of restoring Charlemagne's empire, itself a restoration of the once mighty Roman Empire. It was a dream that would last a thousand years.For a free ebook, maps and blogs check out my website nickholmesauthor.comFind my latest book, Justinian's Empire, on Amazon.com and Amazon.co.uk. For German listeners, find the German translation of the first book in my series on the 'Fall of the Roman Empire', Die römische Revolution, on Amazon.de. Finally check out my new YouTube videos on the fall of the Roman Empire.

Social Media info. Facebook - The JGB Sports Facility Instagram. @jgbsportsfacilityTikTok @jgbsportsfacilityEmail: jgbsportsfacility@gmail.comWebsite: jgbsportsfacility.comCoaching Career: Varsity Girls Assistant Bryan High School Varsity Boys Assistant Bryan HIgh SchoolVarsity Head Boys Basketball Coach Napoleon High School 2012 - 2018         Back to Back District Qualifier DIvision 2 (2015-2016, 2016-2017)         District Champions 2015-2016          FIrst Regional Appearance for Napoleon in 35 years. (1981)Varsity Head Boys Basketball Stryker High School          Back to Back District Qualifier (2009-2010, 2010-2011)JV Head Coaching stops at Liberty Center High School                                               Columbus DeSales High School Multiple years coaching JH and Freshman at NapoleonVarsity Football multiple years at Napoleon - Currently helping this year. Join US Website: www.coachsedge.coachEmail: contact@cramerbasketball.comCamps: www.Cramerbasketball.comOnline Training: https://cramerbasketball.mypthub.net/3/p/133059Twitter.com/coachsedge1Twitter.com/cramerbballFacebook.com/cramerbasketballYoutube.com/cramerbasketballInstagram.com/cramer_basketballBasketball coach basketball podcast basketball strategyPlayer development zone offense zone defense pressing pressure defense programbuilding team defense pack line defense baseline defense zone defense 1-3-1defense basketball united slapping glass coaching tips teach hoops how to coachbasketball basketball podcast youth basketball basketball camps basketballimmersion training basketball shooting tips basketball conditioning shootingdrills ball handling drills passing drills basketball drills basketballworkouts basketball drills youth basketball basketball drills open gymsshootouts scrimmages man to man defense basketball officials and deep dive refssports psychology shot selection dribble drive offense shooting coach freethrows athletic development no middle defense

The Trump administration has asked a federal appeals court to block a judge's order to distribute full November SNAP benefits during the federal shutdown. Meanwhile, the FAA will order airlines to cut flights by up to 15 percent starting Friday at 40 major airports, including JFK, LaGuardia, and Newark, citing growing delays and controller shortages caused by the shutdown. Also, ICE is targeting NYPD officers with social media ads urging them to switch agencies. Plus, the FDNY says a discarded cigarette caused the Bronx car explosion that injured seven firefighters earlier this week. Finally, Film Forum wraps up its tribute to silent film historian Kevin Brownlow with sold out screenings of his restored 1927 epic “Napoleon.”

Taking place in New Orleans around 1813, the dialog by playwright Marcus Gardley skillfully explains that Napoleon has recently sold the Louisiana Territory to the United States and with statehood, the status of many free people of color and those of mixed-race heritage is going to change. This story deals with some dramatic and weighty subjects but the script by Marcus Gardley is not overbearing. If you are interested in seeing an enlightening historic drama well performed don't miss this.The House That Will Not Stand is at Invictus Theatre Company of Chicago. For tickets and information visit invictustheaterco.com 

In under seven minutes, a team of thieves walked into one of the most secure museums in the world and stole nearly $100 million in diamonds and royal jewelry from the Louvre in Paris. Wearing construction uniforms and using a stolen truck and crane, they took France's crown jewels, including a diamond necklace once gifted by Napoleon.But the flawless heist was not as perfect as it seemed. A jewel fell during the getaway, security systems were mysteriously ignored, and investigators soon uncovered the truth. This was not a Hollywood-level mastermind operation. It was an inside job.With two suspects in custody, others still on the run, and the jewels missing to this day, the question remains: was this one of the greatest art heists in history, or one of France's biggest security failures?Follow True Crime Recaps for more unbelievable real-world crime stories.

Seven minutes. Nine pieces of priceless jewellery. A place in heist history.The theft of the Louvre in Paris has made headlines across the world.You may think this is a story about priceless items linked to Napoleon – but the truth may be something closer to home for compliance professionals.Our expert hosts, Marit Rødevand, Fredrik Riiser, and Robin Lycka, are revealing: What the Louvre jewel heist can tell us about money laundering! The panel discuss: how priceless artefacts have a very real price for financial criminals, the possibility of state sanctioned theft, and how the tools of compliance could help save the day. Producer: Matthew Dunne-MilesEditor: Dominic DelargyEngineer: Nicholas Thon____________________________________The Laundry podcast explores the complex world of financial crime, anti-money laundering (AML), compliance, sanctions, and global financial regulation.Hosted by Marit Rødevand, Fredrik Riiser, and Robin Lycka, each episode features in-depth conversations with leading experts from banking, fintech, regulatory bodies, and investigative journalism.Tune in as we dissect headline news, unpack regulatory trends, and examine the real-world consequences of non-compliance — all through a uniquely compliance-focused lens.The Laundry is proudly produced by Strise.Get in touch at: laundry@strise.aiSubscribe to our newsletter, Fresh Laundry, here. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Vilken hund är från Vikingatiden? Å vad har dom för nya konstiga lagar? Hur ser man om frukter är mogna? Å vad hände med Napoleons Juveler? Lyssna så får du höra!

Op 6 november 2005 overvallen drie gemaskerde mannen een geldopslag op het vliegveld van Miami. De boeven gaan aan de haal met meer dan 7 miljoen dollar van de Duitse Commerzbank en zijn daarna onvindbaar. Totdat één van hen met geld gaat smijten...   Podcasts maken kost tijd en geld, dus wil je deze podcast steunen? Geef me vijf sterren op Spotify of een duimpje op Podimo en volg me op Instagram, TikTok, Threads of Youtube. Of koop mijn nieuwe boek! Een besneeuwd kasteel, een vervloekte diamant, een gemaskerd bal, een onverklaarbare moord... Kom kerst vieren in Kasteel De Haar. Als je durft... Mijn nieuwe boek is  Moord in Kasteel de Haar uit. In dat boek worden Joop en Nettie, het dynamische duo uit De Moord op mr. Jacques Wijsman, door barones Hélène van Zuylen uitgenodigd voor kerst op Kasteel de Haar.  Het hoogtepunt is een gemaskerd bal waar iedereen als Napoleon moet verschijnen. Tijdens het bal wordt één van de Napoleons vermoord. Wie heeft de trekker overgehaald en hebben ze eigenlijk wel de juiste Napoleon te grazen genomen? Als ze tot overmaat van ramp ingesneeuwd raken met de moordenaar moeten Joop, Nettie en Hélène zo snel mogelijk de moordenaar ontmaskeren... Ik groeide op in Haarzuilens, letterlijk om de hoek van het kasteel, heb er ook jaren als gids gewerkt. Het was altijd de droom om nog eens een boek te schrijven waarin barones Hélène allerlei avonturen zou beleven. Dit is dat boek. Moord in Kasteel de Haar is vanaf NU online overal te koop !  en bij de beste boekhandels zoals Boekhandel Van Kralingen in Breukelen!!!

We saw Napoleon

Ladies, this episode might include some subpar “French” accents, wild theories, and the kind of over the top heist analysis you'd expect from two mamas who have seen Ocean's 11 once. Grab a croissant and let's unpack the Louvre robbery!00:00:00 Intro & Show Announcements00:04:01 Confidence In Robbing The Louvre 00:06:19 $102 Million in Napoleon's Jewels Stolen00:11:05 How They Got Caught 00:23:11 Famous Heists in History00:29:21 Ireland Lost A Priceless Cello In A Cab00:31:09 Stockholm Syndrome Origin Story00:33:01 Canada's Maple Syrup Heist 00:35:16 Antwerp Diamond Heist00:38:03 Hot FlashMORE PODCAST EPISODES: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLTGuNbPgq2EartAwwgs_H-LVho3FvWnXpJUST LISTEN TO THE PODCAST: https://link.chtbl.com/imomsohardSEE US ON TOUR: (FALL DATES COMING SOON)https://www.imomsohard.com/WATCH OUR AMAZON PRIME SPECIAL: https://www.amazon.com/IMomSoHard-Live/dp/B07VBJ34DTIf you are interested in advertising on this podcast email ussales@acast.comTo request #IMOMSOHARD to be on your Podcast, Radio Show, or TV Show, reach out to talent@pionairepodcasting.comFOLLOW US: Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/imomsohardInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/imomsohard/Twitter: https://twitter.com/imomsohardGet our sponsor DISCOUNT CODES here!https://linktr.ee/imshpodcastABOUT US Female comedy duo Kristin Hensley and Jen Smedley have been performing, teaching, and writing comedy internationally for a combined 40+ years. They have been moms for one quarter of that time and it shows. How do they cope? They laugh about all of the craziness that comes with being a mom and they want you to laugh about it too! From snot to stretchmarks to sleepless nights, Kristin and Jen know firsthand that parenting is a hard job and they invite you to join them in taking it all a little less seriously (even if for a few short minutes a day). After all, Jen currently has four days of dry shampoo in her hair and Kristin's keys are still in her front door. They try, they fail, they support each other, and they mom as hard as they can.Disclaimer: This podcast is for entertainment purposes only. Views expressed on this podcast solely reflect those of the host and do not reflect the views of Pionaire. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The Legacy and Hidden History of the Graces' Style. The full set of fashion plates documenting this radical style revolution was rediscovered at the Morgan Library after being incorrectly cataloged. The true story of this fashion was radical and had been "concealed from the world." The three women, known as the Graces, became world-famous celebrities. Josephine (Rose), who missed Napoleon "terribly" after their divorce, died in 1814. Teresia, a woman "in charge of her own sexuality" with five different fathers to her nine surviving children, married a Belgian prince and died a true princess. She was visited by figures like the Duke of Wellington after Waterloo. Juliet maintained her identity as a "perpetual virgin," serving as the pure white symbol until her death. Despite Napoleon forcing a separation, Teresia and Josephine tried hard to continue seeing each other. 1807 JOSEPHINE

From Prison Garb to Neoclassical Chic: Style and Scandal in the Directory. During the Directory (circa 1795), Teresia (Madame Tallien) and Rose (not yet Josephine) held influential salons, using style to gain success in a world where women lacked financial empowerment. Their revolutionary fashion stemmed from the prison shift Teresia wore and the plain white cotton dresses worn by African American women in Martinique, Rose's home. This style—made often of diaphanous imported muslin—passed as neoclassicism but stunned observers due to the minimal amount of clothing worn. One famous wit observed that Teresia was "more expensively undressed" than anyone else. This radical departure from the previous "cage style" clothing, enforced by sumptuary laws and guilds, was made possible by the abolition of guilds and the collective trauma of the Terror. It was at Teresia's gathering that Napoleon, then a Corsican in shoddy clothes, became entranced by Rose (Josephine).

Cotton, Cameos, and Cashmere: The Accessories of Revolutionary Style. The Graces made cotton, previously worn by lower classes, the most fashionable and revolutionary fabric, often importing high-quality white muslin from India. Painters like David were fascinated by how the thin fabric revealed women's bodies, making the women appear artful and allowing them to move freely. When big skirts disappeared, the need to carry belongings led to the invention of the handbag as we know it, which instantly became the "it accessory." Other vital accessories included flat laced shoes and cashmere shawls. The long, rectangular cashmere shawls, first sent by Napoleon from Cairo to Josephine, were draped seductively around the slim dresses, becoming highly desirable for decades. Josephine (Rose) also invented the tiara by adapting Italian cameos to headbands. Juliet's rigorous all-white look became a powerful rallying symbol for the purity of revolutionary principles. 1805 Josephine

Relebogile Mabotja and Mandy Wiener speaks to Tony Park the Author of “Die by the Sword” about the heart-stopping chase across South Africa to find Napoleon’s priceless lost sword, by the master of adventure himself, Tony Park. 702 Afternoons with Relebogile Mabotja is broadcast live on Johannesburg based talk radio station 702 every weekday afternoon. Relebogile brings a lighter touch to some of the issues of the day as well as a mix of lifestyle topics and a peak into the worlds of entertainment and leisure. Thank you for listening to a 702 Afternoons with Relebogile Mabotja podcast. Listen live on Primedia+ weekdays from 13:00 to 15:00 (SA Time) to Afternoons with Relebogile Mabotja broadcast on 702 https://buff.ly/gk3y0Kj For more from the show go to https://buff.ly/2qKsEfu or find all the catch-up podcasts here https://buff.ly/DTykncj Subscribe to the 702 Daily and Weekly Newsletters https://buff.ly/v5mfetc Follow us on social media: 702 on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/TalkRadio702 702 on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@talkradio702 702 on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/talkradio702/ 702 on X: https://x.com/Radio702 702 on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@radio702 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Episode: 1467 Napoleon Bonaparte and Iron in France.  Today, Napoleon builds iron monuments.

Saludos, querida. Entre Francia e Italia, bañada por un mar de aguas turquesas y coronada por montañas abruptas, surge una isla que parece suspendida entre dos mundos. A pesar de lo romántica y épica que me ha quedado esta introducción es increíble que no tuviésemos todavía un podcast sobre Córcega. Muchísimas gracias a Mercedes por su propuesta y sobre todo a las hermanas Freire por enseñarnos Cádiz con tanta pasión y paciencia. Gracias por estar aquí —¡ya superamos los 1,200 episodios y el millón de escuchas! Es pura magia gracias a ti, y me encanta compartirla.✈️ Recuerda, en mi web www.cesarsar.com propongo algunos viajes conmigo a diferentes lugares del mundo. Vámonos!

Josephine was the great love of Napoleon's life, but in late 1809, he had their marriage annulled -- how had it come to this? Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Lies and deception imploded the Jacobin Republic. Needing to save themselves from accusations of corruption, multiple deputies invented foreign plots to mask their own conspiracies. Destroying trust while incriminating innocents, these fabrications are essential to understanding the fall of the Jacobins. This episode explores how Fabre d'Églantine and François Chabot created the “Foreign Plot” to conceal their own financial crimes. From the French East India Company to the murky world of Parisian finance, discover how greed and paranoia destroyed the Revolution from within. 2026 Tours Don't forget to have your say with the 2026 Tour survey! Early Access Become a True Revolutionary and listen now to Episode 102 "The French East India Company with Dr Elizabeth Cross " The Grey History Community Help keep Grey History on the air! Every revolution needs its supporters, and we need you! With an ad-free feed, a community discord, a reading club, and tonnes of exclusive bonus content, you're missing out! Do your part for as little as half a cup of coffee per episode! It's the best value on the internet, with the best people too! ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Join Now And Support the Show⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Make a one-off donation⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Contact Me Send your questions, praise, and scorn ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠here⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Newsletter ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Sign Up⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ for Free Bonus Episode Follow on Social Media: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Facebook⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Instagram⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠X⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Advertising Please contact ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠sales@advertisecast.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ if you would like to advertise on Grey History: The French Revolution and Napoleon. All members of the Grey History Community have an ad-free version of the show. Support the show ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠here⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠. About Grey History: The French Revolution and Napoleon is a podcast dedicated to exploring the complexities of our history. By examining both the experiences of contemporaries and the conclusions of historians, Grey History seeks to unpack the ambiguities and nuances of the past. Understanding the French Revolution and the age of Napoleon Bonaparte is critical to understanding the history of the world, so join us on a journey through a series of events that would be almost unbelievable if it weren't for the fact that it's true! If you're looking for a binge-worthy history podcast on the Revolution and Napoleon, you're in the right place! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Los aficionados a las ucronias suelen afirmar que, si Hitler hubiera entrado en la Academia de Bellas Artes, hoy no habria documentales de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Y si Churchill no hubiera suspendido el examen militar y hubiera acabado en un cuartel remoto, lo mismo hoy hablariamos aleman. De igual manera, si Stalin hubiera seguido en el seminario, habria sido sacerdote en Georgia y no habria habido gulag. Quien sabe lo que habria pasado si Napoleon hubiera acabado como notario en Corcega, si Lenin hubiera conseguido un empleo en Zurich o si Mao hubiera triunfado en la poesia...Salvando las distancias, muchos nos hemos preguntado que habria sucedido si Marengo, el grupo de musica melodica en el que Carlos Mazon era vocalista, hubiera sido seleccionado para Eurovision, evento al que concurrio sin lograr clasificarse; que hubiera sucedido si finalmente se hubiera consolidado en los escenarios...Dice Jabois que lo unico que se recordara dentro de cien anos sera la factura del Ventorro y el paseo por el parking. Seguramente ni eso. A lo mejor dentro de cien anos nadie recuerda ni lo que era un parking. Pero hay algo que si perdura: la certeza de que lo peor que puede decirse de un politico cuando todo se ha dicho es que habriamos estado mejor si nunca se hubiera metido en politica.Ser feliz es ignorar, y nosotros ignoramos los desastres que se evitaron porque cierta gente no se metio en politica. No nos hagamos dano.

Der berühmt-berüchtigte französische Zentralismus, er bildet sich auch in der deutschen Frankreich-Berichterstattung der 1920er Jahre und darüber vermittelt unvermeidlich in diesem Podcast ab. Immer wieder hat es uns in den zurückliegenden Jahren nach Paris verschlagen. Auf Ausflüge in den kleinen Rest des Landes, den man vom Kirchturm von Notre Dame aus nicht überblicken kann, sind wir dagegen selten gestoßen; zweimal in Reims, einmal in der Provence, ein Blick ins Elsass – viel mehr sind wir bislang nicht herumgekommen. Walter Hasenclever indes wollte sich mit diesem Radius nicht begnügen und zog in seiner Sommerfrische hinaus bis weit aufs Mittelmeer, wo die Franzosen den Genuesen im 18. Jahrhundert die stolze Insel Korsika abgeknüpft hatten. Deren mittelalterlichem Charakter, stellt Hasenclever im Hamburger Anzeiger vom 30. Oktober 1925 fest, hatte dies zumindest stellenweise aber wenig Abbruch getan. Davon hat sich für uns Frank Riede überzeugt.

You can send a text, include contact info to get a response. Trying to recover from defeat in 1812, Napoleon had enormous obstacles to overcome.  But these were NOT obvious at the time, surprisingly to us, most of the great and the good expected Napoleon to win in 1813.Tsar Alexander had some very unusual motivations for a major head of state in the Europe of the time.  These motivations, including the mysticisms of the day, are still fascinating.  Swedenborg, Lavater, and Saint Martin all get a look. And then there was a man of almost equal priggishness, Kaerl Heinrich Vom Stein, whose remarkable career and how he ties together Napoleon, Alexander and Frederick William and the new nationalism and new artistic and intellectual movements beginning to arise is worth a deep dive.Stein urged the King of Prussia “Make use of the authority granted you by God to break the chains of your people.  May its blood no longer be spent on behalf of the enemy of humanity!”  But the king was more interested in getting a Bonapart bride for the Crown Prince.The crusade against Napoleon, developed int a crusade for Legitimacy, against Usurpation, but even this early, the Allies could not help using the language of the Revolution and the tools of Napoleon.

In this bonus interview, I sit down with Phillips Payson O'Brien and we discuss his latest book: War and Power: Who Wins Wars—and Why. For nearly two centuries, international relations have been premised on the idea of the “Great Powers.” As the thinking went, these mighty states—the European empires of the nineteenth century, the United States and the USSR during the Cold War—were uniquely able to exert their influence on the world stage because of their overwhelming military capabilities. But as military historian Phillips Payson O'Brien argues in War and Power, this conception of power fails to capture the more complicated truth about how wars are fought and won.Our focus on the importance of large, well-equipped armies and conclusive battles has obscured the foundational forces that underlie military victories and the actual mechanics of successful warfare. O'Brien suggests a new framework of “full-spectrum powers,” taking into account all of the diverse factors that make a state strong—from economic and technological might, to political stability, to the complex logistics needed to maintain forces in the field.Drawing on examples ranging from Napoleon's France to today's ascendant China, War and Power offers a critical new understanding of what makes a power truly great. It is vital reading in today's perilous world.Buy The Book HereSupport Western Civ

On episode #92 of the Infectious Disease Puscast, Daniel reviews the infectious disease literature for the weeks of 10/9/25 – 10/22/25. Host: Daniel Griffin and Sara Dong Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of Puscast! Links for this episode Viral Long-term clinical, immunologic, and viral reservoir outcomes in children treated with VRC01LS and 10-1074 monoclonal antibodies in the Tatelo Study (CID) Resistance Analyses of Lenacapavir, Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide and Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in the PURPOSE 1 and 2 Studies (JID) Susceptibility of measles virus to WHO hand rubs, oral and surface disinfectants (OFID) Measles without rash during acute febrile illness surveillance in Tanzania, 2023-2024 (CID) The 2025 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Non-Occupational HIV Post-Exposure Prophylaxis Guidelines (CID) Bacterial Paratyphoid fever and relapsing fever in 1812 Napoleon's devastated army (Current Biology) Mass Administration of Azithromycin to Infants in Mali to Reduce Mortality (NEJM) Efficacy and safety of tedizolid in the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections (CMI: Clinical Microbiology and Infection) Zoonotic Escherichia coli and urinary tract infections in Southern California (mBio) Cefdinir Versus Cephalexin for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections (OFID) Fungal The Last of US Season 2 (YouTube) Antagonistic in vitro interaction between olorofim and voriconazole against Aspergillus fumigatus (Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy) Parasitic Miscellaneous CARB Your Enthusiasm: An Ethics-Informed Analysis for Clinicians of the US National Action Plan for Combating Antibiotic-Resistant BacteriaCID) Infection Control in Carceral Facilities (CID) Infection Prevention and Control in Carceral Settings (CID) The Challenge of Malignancies in HIV-1, Beyond Immune Activation and Back to Decreased Immune Surveillance (Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research) SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines sensitize tumours to immune checkpoint blockade (Nature) TWiV 1265: mRNA vaccines make cancer treatment great again (microbeTV) Infected With the Academic Bug (CID) Music is by Ronald Jenkees Information on this podcast should not be considered as medical advice.

Discover the untold story of Napoleon Bonaparte's parents — Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino — and how their influence shaped the future Emperor of France.

Phil Svitek and Marisa Serafini (@serafinitv) do a bonus Bookmarked episode on George Orwell's Animal Farm—a quick-hit companion to our 1984 episode. We share overall reactions (Marisa read it right after 1984; Phil revisited it for the first time since high school) and dig into the big stuff: how a “fairy story” becomes a razor-sharp satire of revolutions gone sideways, why language manipulation (Squealer!) matters, the seduction of “ends justify the means,” and what “some animals are more equal than others” says about power today. We connect key moments—Boxer's tragedy, the windmill grind, Napoleon's myth-making—to modern propaganda, disinformation, and personality cults, then compare its bite to 1984's. It's not a deep dive—more of a guided reaction with themes and takeaways—and we'd love your thoughts: What parallels do you see now? Drop a comment and join the convo.

In this History of Prints episode, Tru and Ann look at the considerable output of British satirist James Gillray (1756–1857). Younger than William Hogarth by nearly sixty years, Gillray took Hogarth's social commentary, its energy, and caustic approach, and used his skills to skewer politicians and kings, laugh at Napoleon and his empire building, point out the absurdity of the fear of vaccines, and make clear the debauchery of public executions. In fact, he's now called the father of the political cartoon. With scary parallels to current events, Gillray's acerbic eye nails it every time.     You can listen to Platemark or watch a video version. Links to all the possibilities are on the episode page at www.platemarkpodcast.com. While you're there, sign up for our newsletter-emails, which alert you to new episodes and occasional other stuff. And, do me a favor and leave us a review. It really helps people find the pod.   Show me the images!!

Over the weekend, French police finally caught the suspects behind the Louvre jewel heist, and unfortunately, Kennedy was one of them. Turns out Kennedalia couldn't resist Napoleon's crown jewels. With Kennedy behind bars, host of FOX Across America and FOX News Saturday Night, Jimmy Failla is filling in… because someone still had to show up to work on Monday. Kennedy Now Available on YouTube: ⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://link.chtbl.com/kennedyytp⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Follow on TikTok: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://www.tiktok.com/@kennedy_foxnews⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Join Kennedy for Happy Hour on Fridays! ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLWlNiiSXX4BNUbXM5X8KkYbDepFgUIVZj⁠⁠⁠ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Today's topics are scary ideas from Google's AI (and their intersection with the climate changista and environmentalist worldview), Europe's problematic African and Middle Eastern immigrants (and the coming purification), how one leftist member of the media defines "racism" to attack Timothy Mellon (we're all racists now), and the demise of Napoleon's Army.

ÄNTLIGEN börjar vi med vår storslagna italienska såpopera. ETT DUBBELAVSNITT OM ENANDET. Med Napoleon i grå rock, Metternich som försöker skruva tillbaka historien med skiftnyckel och ett Italien som ”bara” är en geografisk beteckning. Vi följer gnistan från franska reformer och plundrade bibliotek till hemliga sällskap, carbonari-källare och ideologen Mazzinis stora idé: att ett folk faktiskt kan bli ett land. Milano reser barrikader, påven Pius IX flirtar med liberalismen och 1848 års folkstorm får hela halvön att darra.Det är romantik och realpolitik i samma gryta: poeter som skapar språk, bönder som marscherar under helgonfanor, kungar som vill vara hjältar – och i kulissen skymtar en röd skjorta som snart ska bli myt. Resultatet? Ett Italien som ännu inte finns, men som redan känns.Lyssna på del 1 av Il Risorgimento – från Napoleon till Folkens vår 1848. Nästa vecka smäller det på riktigt: kunglig revansch, franska piruetter, Garibaldi med seglarhatt och vägen mot ett land som säger ”ciao” till splittringen.Läslista:Fagerström, Eskil, Italiens moderna historia, Historiska media, Lund, 2020Gendel, Milton (red.), Italiens historia i ord och bild, Norstedt, Stockholm, 1967Hägg, Göran, Ett alldeles särskilt land: 150 år i Italien, Norstedt, Stockholm, 2012Holmes, George (red.), The Oxford history of Italy, Oxford Univ. Press, Oxford, 1997”Garibaldi enade Italien” Fagerström, Eskil publicerad i Militär Historia 5/2019”Guiseppe Garibaldi” Hägg Göran publicerad i Populär Historia 2/2011 Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

The world is so bleak the Louvre heist feels like a happy story. Whatever will become of Napoleon's family jewels? And please donate to our Go Jays Gofundme so we can get World Series tickets. The media has the Blue Jays as underdogs, but what's underneath an underdog? Meanwhile, Pierre Poilievre can't stop talking about his ex-running mate, Justin Trudeau. Finally, our panellists are trying to speedrun a high grindscore. If you're too afraid to share your opinions on social media, that's okay! Fill out this listener questionnaire instead: www.cbc.ca/BecauseSurvey

Episode: 2523 Georges-Eugene Haussmann Reshapes Paris.  Today, a city redone.

Don Wildman examines a patriotic pigeon that saved hundreds of lives during World War II, a clever conman who took advantage of a governmental gaffe and the uncle who inspired one of America's most iconic figures. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

With Britain at war for more than eight long years, and her people depleted and hungry, how did her government react to the news that Napoleon Bonaparte was planning a full-scale invasion in 1801? What happened when Nelson tried to attack the French at Boulogne, and what was the terrible cost? Why was the provisional peace treaty signed between the British and the French at the end of September, doomed to fail? Meanwhile, how was Nelson's personal life with the flamboyant Emma Hamilton, in their ostentatious new home, developing? And, with Britain declaring war on France in 1803, would Nelson rally, and seize his destiny at last? Join Dominic and Tom as they trace the aftermath of Nelson's triumph in Copenhagen, his notorious personal life, and his clashes with Napoleon's fleet.  Learn more at https://www.uber.com/onourway _______ Twitter: @TheRestHistory @holland_tom @dcsandbrook Exec Producer: Dom Johnson  Senior Producer: Theo Young-Smith Producer: Tabby Syrett Assistant Producer: Aaliyah Akude  Video Editor: Harry Swan Social Producer: Harry Balden Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

We're going to patch up our wounds with a good old fashioned Super Edition! Now with 90% more digging!Book: Super Edition: Tallstar's RevengeSupport us on Ko-fi! WCWITCast Ko-fiFollow us on BlueSky! WCWITCastFollow us on Instagram! WCWITCastCat Fact Sources:Aspin Hill Memorial Park | Montgomery County Maryland Humane SocietyAspin Hill History | Pet Cemetery StoriesJulianne Mangin Website“Aspin Hill Pet Cemetery: 100 Years of Pets, People, and the Stories Behind the Stones,” by Julianne Mangin. The Montgomery County Story, Fall 2020, vol. 63 no. 2. pp. 1-21.Napoleon the Weather Prophet of Baltimore MD | Pet Cemetery StoriesFrosty - a pal | Pet Cemetery StoriesTimmie the Cat | Pet Cemetery StoriesAspin Hill Memorial Park - WikipediaAspin Hill Memorial Park in Silver Spring, Maryland - Find a Grave CemeteryAspin Hill Pet Cemetery - Atlas ObscuraMusic:The following music was used for this media project:Happy Boy Theme by Kevin MacLeod Link: https://incompetech.filmmusic.io/song/3855-happy-boy-themeLicense: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This transformative podcast work constitutes a fair-use of any copyrighted material as provided for in section 107 of the US copyright law. Warrior Cats: What is That? is not endorsed or supported by Harper Collins and/or Working Partners. All views are our own.

After five years of turmoil, France needed a government. But how? With the Republic increasingly controlled by “rogues and scoundrels,” the battle was on for the Revolution's future. Assailed from all sides, the Committee of Public Safety emerged triumphant. This episode traces Robespierre's parliamentary victory of 25 September 1793, Saint-Just's decree of “Revolutionary Government” on 10 October 1793, and the Convention's decision to remain “until the peace.” From foreign plots and factional struggles to the subordination of ministers and generals, discover how dissent became treason as the Revolution laid the foundations for both survival and dictatorship. Early Access Become a True Revolutionary and listen now to Episode 101: The Foreign Plot! The Grey History Community Help keep Grey History on the air! Every revolution needs its supporters, and we need you! With an ad-free feed, a community discord, a reading club, and tonnes of exclusive bonus content, you're missing out! Do your part for as little as half a cup of coffee per episode! It's the best value on the internet, with the best people too! ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Join Now And Support the Show⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Make a one-off donation⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Contact Me Send your questions, praise, and scorn ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠here⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Newsletter ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Sign Up⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ for Free Bonus Episode Follow on Social Media: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Facebook⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Instagram⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠X⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Advertising Please contact ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠sales@advertisecast.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ if you would like to advertise on Grey History: The French Revolution and Napoleon. All members of the Grey History Community have an ad-free version of the show. Support the show ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠here⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠. About Grey History: The French Revolution and Napoleon is a podcast dedicated to exploring the complexities of our history. By examining both the experiences of contemporaries and the conclusions of historians, Grey History seeks to unpack the ambiguities and nuances of the past. Understanding the French Revolution and the age of Napoleon Bonaparte is critical to understanding the history of the world, so join us on a journey through a series of events that would be almost unbelievable if it weren't for the fact that it's true! If you're looking for a binge-worthy history podcast on the Revolution and Napoleon, you're in the right place! Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Look, whether you're a Yankee or a Confederate at heart, you don't take much joy in what happened at what is called the "High Water Mark of the Confederacy." If you're a Civil War buff, you know that's where the Union Army turned back Pickett's Charge at the Battle of Gettysburg. Some 15,000 Confederate soldiers marched courageously across a field in a very tightly-packed formation, advancing on 40,000 Union soldiers. Only 150 of those Southern soldiers made it. General Lee had made an honest but tragic mistake. See, he'd been trained at West Point in Napoleon's war tactics - masses of men, advancing against imprecise, short-range weapons until they could overwhelm the opposing troops in hand-to-hand combat. Unfortunately, things had changed since that kind of strategy had won battles for Napoleon. Recent technology of that time had greatly improved the range and the accuracy of the rifles that the Union Army was using, which meant those masses of men were brought down long before they could ever reach enemy lines. I'm Ron Hutchcraft and I want to have A Word With You today about "Today's Battles, Yesterday's Weapons." Robert E. Lee, the great general that he was, made the fatal mistake of fighting today's battles with what used to work. You know, a lot of us are still making that fatal mistake when it comes to fighting the battle for which Jesus gave His life - turning people from the death penalty of their sin to the eternal life that only Jesus can give them. When we lose that battle, a soul is lost forever. The message that Jesus died for our sin and came back from the dead to be our living Savior: that message, wow, that never changes. The Good News about Jesus always has been and it always will be the unchanging (in God's words) "power of God for the salvation of everyone who believes" (Romans 1:16). That message is always relevant, it's always powerful, it's never to be tampered with or watered down, or compromised. But the methods by which we present His message are always subject to change. And, frankly, many of us haven't changed our methods for a long time. We're still trying to reach people with what used to work. But today's lost people? They don't know the Bible, they don't understand our "Christianese" words we use to explain what Jesus did, they don't ever plan to come to our religious meeting to hear our religious speaker talk on a religious subject in a religious place, which describes a lot of the ways we try to reach them. The Apostle Paul, who never compromised his message, of course, was the same one who said in 1 Corinthians 9:22, our word for today from the Word of God, "I have become all things to all men so that by all possible means I might save some." In terms of method, Paul tells us you have to be willing to do whatever it takes, within Biblical boundaries, to rescue the dying. Which today may mean going to where they are instead of counting on them to come where we are, doing outreach in places where they feel comfortable - neutral ground - instead of where we feel comfortable in our religious setting, communicating Christ in non-religious words that a lost person can understand. Delivering the message in music that is their musical language instead of ours, realizing it's going to be the everyday believer like you that we'll have to depend on to rescue the lost more than those programs we've created. See, the program of God for rescuing the dying is the people of God. If we insist on fighting today's battle for the lost with what worked yesterday, we'll keep on reaching who we've already been reaching, while most of the spiritually dying people around us will live and die without God and without hope. We can't lose them because we insist on doing what we've always done, sticking to what we're comfortable with. The eternity of people all around us is at stake - this is a battle that is too costly to lose.

Dave in concentrating on borders this week. He talks us through the island that is French then Spanish then French and so on.Then he goes one fruther and explains bits of countries that are in other countries that are in other countries.In the perennial game of oneupmanship that is this pod, Neil then brings out the big guns: giraffes, wind turbines and Napoleon.If you want to know just why the French military genius' most mortal enemy was a horde of rabbits, dig in.To listen to Dave on the radio check outhttps://www.todayfm.com/shows/dave-moore-1499732 To see Neil on tour check outhttps://www.neildelamere.com/reinventing-the-neil-tour Sources:https://www.sciencefocus.com/nature/giraffes-lightninghttps://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-53909825https://medium.com/@HistoryHour/napoleon-bonaparte-and-the-battle-of-the-bunnies-ffaaf7f97422Presented and Produced by Neil Delamere and Dave MooreEdited by Nicky RyanMusic by Dave MooreArtwork by Ray McDonnell Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

1. Louvre Museum heist: Jewels with 'inestimable' value stolen from Napoleon collection (ABC News) (16:47) 2. Selena Gomez Seemingly Reacts to Hailey Bieber's Comments Addressing Rumored Feud (PEOPLE) (23:41) 3. Academy Museum Gala 2025 Red Carpet: Carli xcx, Kim Kardashian, Jaboc Elordi and More (Variety) (30:06) 4. Kylie Jenner Supported by Her Famous Family and Friends as Kylie Cosmetics Celebrates Its 10-Year Anniversary (PEOPLE) (45:46) 5. Content Creator Bridget Bahl Started IVF—and Came Away With a Cancer Diagnosis (VOGUE) (53:33) - Love Is Blind Season 9 Recap (57:01) The Toast with Jackie (@JackieOshry) and Claudia Oshry (@girlwithnojob) The Toast Patreon ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠  ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Toast Merch⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Girl With No Job by Claudia Oshry⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠The Camper & The Counselor⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Lean In⁠ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Art historian Carl Brandon Stehlke is a world expert on the great 15th Century Florentine painter Fra Angelico, and this is his dream project: a historic, once-in-a-lifetime exhibition of the artist's work at the Fondazione Palazzo Strozzi and the Museo di San Marco in Florence. The show brings together more than 140 works from 70 different lenders and reunites the sections of Angelico's great altarpieces, scattered when Napoleon closed the city's churches and convents in the late 18th and early 19th Centuries, now fully restored and seen together for the first time in 200 years. Carl takes Maria Margaronis through the process of mounting such a massive exhibition from conception to grand opening. In the restorers' studios she hears how new technologies are revealing the limpid colours of paintings once thought beyond repair. And in the stillness of the San Marco convent Carl explains how Angelico's intimate, deeply humane frescos guided the friars' meditation and spiritual life, and how he fell in love with the artist's work nearly 50 years ago.

With fears that the powerful Danish fleet would join with the French against the British, what great gamble did Horatio Nelson take? After taking the drastic decision to attack the Danish fleet in their own harbour, what challenges did Nelson and his men face? How did the bloody Battle of Copenhagen in 1801 then unfold? And, what would be the consequences of this epic naval clash for Britain, Napoleon's France, and Nelson himself? Join Dominic and Tom as they discuss the First Battle of Copenhagen, in the next dramatic phase of Nelson's triumphant, though very dangerous, career… ______ Start generating your own greener electricity for less, with £500 off Solar. Visit https://www.hivehome.com/history for more information. T&Cs apply**Output and savings varies by season, electricity usage and system size. Paid-for surplus requires an eligible SEG tariff. Offer for new customers only. Ends 17th November. Search Vanguard to find out more. When investing, your capital is at risk. Tax rules apply. _______ Twitter: @TheRestHistory @holland_tom @dcsandbrook Video Editor: Jack Meek Social Producer: Harry Balden Assistant Producer: Aaliyah Akude Producer: Tabby Syrett Senior Producer: Theo Young-Smith Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

After years of war throughout the continent of Europe, in 1814, Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte abdicated and was exiled to the small island of Elba off the coast of Italy.  The European powers thought that they had seen the last of Napoleon. However, they were wrong.  He came back and, in a shockingly short period of time, regained control of France and its army.  Learn more about Napoleon's 100 Days and the last gasp of the Emperor of the French on this episode of Everything Everywhere Daily. Sponsors Quince Go to quince.com/daily for 365-day returns, plus free shipping on your order! Mint Mobile Get your 3-month Unlimited wireless plan for just 15 bucks a month at mintmobile.com/eed Stash Go to get.stash.com/EVERYTHING to see how you can receive $25 towards your first stock purchase. Newspaper.com Go to Newspapers.com to get a gift subscription for the family historian in your life! Subscribe to the podcast!  https://everything-everywhere.com/everything-everywhere-daily-podcast/ -------------------------------- Executive Producer: Charles Daniel Associate Producers: Austin Oetken & Cameron Kieffer   Become a supporter on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/everythingeverywhere Discord Server: https://discord.gg/UkRUJFh Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/everythingeverywhere/ Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/everythingeverywheredaily Twitter: https://twitter.com/everywheretrip Website: https://everything-everywhere.com/  Disce aliquid novi cotidie Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices