Podcasts about Green Climate Fund

Felix Dodds has been a leading thinker in the area of global governance and sustainable development for thirty years. He is now an Adjunct Professor at the University of North Carolina.  Felix chaired the UN conference in 2011 that put forward the first set of indicative Sustainable Development Goals. He set up the Water and Climate Coalition at the UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change). He attended the COP29 held in Baku Azerbaijan in November of 2024.   The COP-29 presidency announced the “Baku Financial Goal,” a new commitment to allocate $1.3 trillion annually from climate financing for developing countries. Additional achievements include: Establish a Global Carbon Market Mechanism; Full Operation Guarantee for the Loss and Damage Fund; Launch of the Water for Climate Action Program; and, Emphasis on Public-Private Partnerships:  A major criticism is that the fossil-fuel interests have played too large of a role in the COPs.

In this episode, FAO calls for bold action to transform agrifood systems and support biodiversity at the resumed UN Biodiversity Conference, held in Rome; at the G20 Foreign Ministers' meeting in Johannesburg, FAO Director-General stresses that food security is vital for peace, stability and human dignity; and the Green Climate Fund approves over $130 million for FAO-led projects in Serbia and Kenya. Producer: Heriberto Araujo, Flora Trouilloud Presenter: Simona Vani Sound: Eric Deleu Editorial supervision: Ho Tszmei ©FAO/Mahad Saed Dirie

Watch The X22 Report On Video No videos found Click On Picture To See Larger PictureTrump is canceling the [CB] climate initiative and the funding. He is having Lee Zeldin reverse everything. [CB] trying to trap Trump, they will push for rate hike and Trump will call for a rate cut. Energy/Tariffs will counter it all. Gold is buying is surging. The [DS] is in a fit, their weapon is trying to convince the people that unelected Judges have the power to control the executive branch. Congress is preparing to show these Judges who has the real power. The [DS] is forcing the declas, boomerang. Trump has trapped them all, we are now entering the 15th round and the [DS] is exhausted from throwing punches at Trump, Trump is bringing it in the 15th round.   (function(w,d,s,i){w.ldAdInit=w.ldAdInit||[];w.ldAdInit.push({slot:13499335648425062,size:[0, 0],id:"ld-7164-1323"});if(!d.getElementById(i)){var j=d.createElement(s),p=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];j.async=true;j.src="//cdn2.customads.co/_js/ajs.js";j.id=i;p.parentNode.insertBefore(j,p);}})(window,document,"script","ld-ajs"); Economy US rescinds UN climate fund pledges  The US under former presidents Joe Biden and Barack Obama had pledged about $6bn combined to the GCF, with the most recent commitment announced at the Cop 28 climate talks in Dubai. But the two administrations were able to deliver only $2bn of the funding. The US has canceled about $4bn in pledged money to the UN's Green Climate Fund, the latest sign a sharp policy shift under President Donald Trump. The State Department late last week said the US "has rescinded outstanding pledges to the Green Climate Fund," but did not provide any further details. Source:  argusmedia.com   Trump tariffs to stoke inflation in 2025: corporate economists The gain in the Federal Reserve's preferred inflation measure will probably average nearly 2.7% during the four quarters starting in April, according to economists surveyed by Wolters Kluwer. Dive Brief: Eight out of 10 corporate economists forecast that U.S. tariffs will stoke inflation this year, Wolters Kluwer said Monday as the Trump administration intensified its shakeup of trade policy by threatening to impose 25% tariffs on steel and aluminum imports. Economists at companies ranging from Ford Motor Co. to Morgan Stanley and KPMG to Eaton Corp marked up their forecast for the increase in the consumer price index this year to 2.7% from 2.5% in October, Wolters Kluwer found in a survey. Source:  cfodive.com  https://twitter.com/KobeissiLetter/status/1889376017396937016 Why the Federal Reserve could shock the markets this summer: Economist If there is shock coming to markets, it could arrive this summer. And it could be in the form of a rate hike from the Federal Reserve. Sløk believes that should inflation accelerate as tariffs take hold, the first rate hike from the Fed could come at its mid-June meeting. More may follow, Sløk said, which could surprise a market that has settled into the view of the Fed standing pat on rates this year — if not lowering them further.  Sløk said the market hasn't priced in the prospect of rate hikes yet. Source: yahoo.com https://twitter.com/ShadowofEzra/status/1889022383584874690   interest, then pouring it into government bonds, creating the illusion that the government's financial situation is better than it actually is. He warns that this scheme isn't just limited to the U.S.—it's happening across central banks worldwide. https://twitter.com/KobeissiLetter/status/1889307554468987015   Political/Rights FBI “Just Discovered” 2,400 Undisclosed Records Tied to JFK Assassination Never Provided to Review Board The FBI has just “stumbled upon” a whopping 2,400 previously undisclosed records tied to the assassination of President...

Mafalda Duarte é a diretora executiva do Green Climate Fund em Seul.

Today, we're revisiting one of the most impactful episodes of GovComms! Stephanie Speck, Head of Communications for the Green Climate Fund, shares how authentic storytelling can transform the climate conversation.Explore the power of "Story Sovereignty," a revolutionary approach that empowers climate-impacted communities to tell their own stories—humanising the issue and making it deeply relatable. Stephanie also takes us inside the Green Climate Fund's evolution, shifting from output-focused tactics to strategies that prioritise reputation, relationships, and global impact.She doesn't stop there. Tackling the challenge of misinformation, Stephanie reveals practical ways to counter false narratives, build trust, and foster consensus in the fight against climate change. Whether it's your first listen or a revisit, this episode is packed with actionable insights to inspire meaningful climate communication.Discussed in this episode:Co-designing climate strategiesLeveraging AI for efficiencyAddressing misinformation challengesBuilding trust through transparencyEmpowering authentic storytellingStrengthening stakeholder collaborationShow notes:Stephanie Speck | LinkedInGovComms Podcast | Blog Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

This week on Talk World Radio, a new analysis finds that over the past decade the U.S. government has given to foreign nations' militaries 40 times the money it has paid into the Green Climate Fund. We have two guests from the Institute for Policy Studies. Aspen Coriz-Romero is the 2024-25 IPS New Mexico Fellow. And Hanna Homestead is a Research Analyst with the National Priorities Project at the Institute for Policy Studies.

Die Ontwikkelingsbank van Namibië soek akkreditasie van die internasionale Green Climate Fund, en omgewingsminister Pohamba Shifeta het die ministerie se steun vir die inisiatief bevestig. Die akkreditasie is noodsaaklik vir Namibië om toegang te kry tot internasionale befondsing vir klimaatverwante projekte. Shifeta het by COP29 beklemtoon dat dit belangrik is om verskeie geakkrediteerde entiteite te hê om Namibië te help om sulke befondsingsgeleenthede te benut. Kosmos 94.1 Nuus het met die Ontwikkelingsbank se uitvoerende hoof, John Steytler, oor die akkreditasie-proses gesels en hoekom dit so belangrik is.

A round-up of the main headlines in Sweden on November 13th 2024. You can hear more reports on our homepage www.radiosweden.se, or in the app Sveriges Radio Play. Presenter: Dave RussellProducer: Michael Walsh

In contrast to the IMF's talk of being open to changing some of the terms of the loan agreement, Georgieva reiterated that “Egypt is better served by undertaking reforms sooner rather than later.” IMF Director Kristalina Georgieva stated that the Fund's amendment to the basic and additional fees for programs and loans will save Egypt USD800 million up to 2030.Investment Minister Hassan El Khaitb will now be minister in charge of the Sovereign Fund of Egypt (SFE).The Green Climate Fund has approved funding proposals for three multi-country sustainable development programs, unlocking USD2.7 billion for programs across 14 countries, with Egypt set to be included in all three.The government will be releasing a new policy on increasing investment in oil and gas, petrochemicals, refining, and minerals in November.The Ministry of Petroleum seeks to increase natural gas imports from Israel by about 10% during November to meet the local needs of power stations and industry.Canada-based oil and gas company TAG Oil is looking to raise CAD10 million through a public offering of additional units in the company, with the firm planning on using the proceeds of the offering to “advance appraisal and development activities” in Egypt's Western Desert.The Housing Ministry's Social Housing and Mortgage Finance Fund is considering increasing its World Bank loan by USD200 million by December 2025, bringing the total value of its loan to USD1 billion.The failure to obtain lenders' approval and the provision of fuel were behind the government's postponement of the sale of the Beni Suef power station, sources revealed.SWDY signed an MoU with the Iraq Development Fund to establish a new fund — dubbed the Localization Fund — that aims to attract both local and foreign investments to support Iraq's economic diversification.SWDY highlighted in a release to EGX that Elsewedy Industrial company, participating in a oil and gas exploration agreement with EGPC, is not a subsidiary of SWDY.MASR signed a co-development agreement with ZMID to co-develop a 42 feddan land plot in New Heliopolis. The project is expected to generate revenue of EGP11.4 billion, with MASR entitled to a 64% revenue share and ZMID a 36% revenue share. We remind you that this project was first preliminarily approved in July 2024.PHAR Board approved the increase in authorized capital from EGP1.5 billion to EGP6 billion and in issued capital from EGP1.488 billion to EGP1.688 billion, with an increase of EGP200 million to the issued capital, to be distributed over 20 million shares. The increase will be carried out via cash subscription for existing shareholders.

Rajeev Mahajan is the head of Climate Resilient Infrastructure, Private Sector Facility at the Green Climate Fund. In this insightful episode, we dove deep into the role of #BlendedFinance in tackling climate challenges, especially in the Global South.

Enterprise Knowledge CEO Zach Wahl speaks with George Zedginidze, the Head of Knowledge Management at the Green Climate Fund (GCF). George shares his insights and experiences from his six-year tenure at GCF, discussing the critical distinction between tacit and explicit knowledge and the importance of creating relevant knowledge flows within organizations. Zach and George discuss the challenges and strategies of managing knowledge in a hybrid work environment, emphasizing the need for careful spatial planning to promote collaboration. George also provides a candid perspective on why not all knowledge needs to be codified, and the importance of focusing on the value of enhancement rather than the cost of ignorance.

In this episode, a new UN report revealed that one in eleven people globally faced hunger in 2023; forests are facing heightened climate-induced stress as the demand for forest products continues to grow, an FAO report warns; and the Green Climate Fund approved $52 million for an FAO project in Malawi.   Producer: Ruki Inoshita, Heriberto Araujo Presenter: Ruki Inoshita Sound: Eric Deleu Editorial supervision: Tszmei Ho © FAO/Luis Tato 

The UN Bonn Climate Conference failed to yield a global agreement in the run-up to COP29. Wealthy countries want to renegotiate the current $100 billion a year agreement meant to support developing nations already counting the cost of flooding, droughts, cyclones and desertification. AfricaLink speaks to climate activists Iskander Erzini, Patricia Nyinguro and Abigael Kima to hear what they plan.

Much of the environmental catastrophe happening around the world is being driven by ongoing colonialism.Recently Friends of the Earth held a panel discussion looking at the intersection of colonialism and the environment, in context of the current genocide, and ecocide, in Gaza.We hear stories from Australia, Malaysia, and Palestine, drawing together common threads to inspire collective action.We hear from:Jasper Cohen-Hunter: A Gunung-Willam-Balluk man of the Wurundjeri Woi-Wurrung people with ancestral ties to the Ngurai-Illum peoples of the Kulin Nation. He is a podcaster focusing on the study of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cinemas on his platform Mirring Yalingwa. Meenakshi “Meena” Raman: The President of Sahabat Alam Malaysia, Legal Advisor to Consumers Association of Penang and Coordinator of Third World Network's Climate Change Programme. Meena practiced public interest law for over 25 years, representing grassroots communities taking on big corporations in Malaysia. She was a co-founder of Environmental Lawyers Alliance Worldwide (ELAW) and Chair of Friends of the Earth International, which has 75 member groups around the world. Meena served as an “Active Observer: of the Green Climate Fund from 2012 to 2015, and has actively participated in the UNFCCC negotiations since 2007. Abeer M. Butmeh: A water and environmental engineer, and the coordinator of PENGON - FOE Palestine. She is a leading woman activist in Palestine and an alliance of environmental justice organisations in Palestine. Abeer works closely with affected communities, the youth sector and with local government councils in addressing the environmental problems faced by the Palestinian people. She has various skills in campaigning, coordination, communication and facilitation between different bodies with more than 10 years' experience in this area. She is a researcher in different environmental topics mainly in water and climate change, she is a trainer in different environmental subjects; water, wastewater and environmental issues. She also is an active member in many social and environmental networks at local and international levels.Featuring music by Yorta Yorta artist, Allara. Thanks to Friends of the Earth Melbourne for their kind assistance in production.Earth matters #1455 was produced by Phil Evans

Rajeev Mahajan, Manager (Head) - Climate Resilient Infrastructure, Green Climate Fund, shares his journey from electrical engineering to utility reform to financing small infrastructure projects to multi-billion transactions. We discuss the need for financiers to understand the economic cycle and blended finance's critical role in scaling infrastructure projects.  Rajeev also shares his passion for recruiting and building the right team for efficiently designing projects with appropriate technology and resiliency.  Please join in to find more.   Connect with Sohail Hasnie: Facebook @sohailhasnie Twitter @shasnie LinkedIn @shasnie ADB Blog Sohail Hasnie

In this episode of GovComms, we are joined once again by Stephanie Speck, who is now the Head of Communications for the Green Climate Fund, for a conversation focusing on effective climate change communication.With extensive experience in public sector communication globally, Stephanie shares insights into empowering climate-impacted communities to tell their authentic stories through "Story Sovereignty." This approach humanises climate change and grounds narratives in real-life experiences.Stephanie also delves into the strategic evolution of the Green Climate Fund's communication, moving from output-focused tactics to strategies that prioritise reputation, return on investment, and relationship building, aiming to enhance global impact and drive effective climate action.The conversation explores the challenge of misinformation in climate discourse, with Stephanie highlighting strategies to counter false narratives and the emphasising the importance of accurate communication in building trust and consensus on climate issues. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

International climate finance has received a lot of attention in recent years during the annual United Nations climate change summit. But there's a lot of work that needs to be done in between the climate summit every year, when developed countries need to follow up on their climate finance commitments and help implement project plans for the developing countries striving to reach their emission reduction and climate adaptation goals. Organizations like the Green Climate Fund, the world's largest multilateral climate-focused fund, dedicate themselves to facilitating this work through international partnerships all year round. For today's episode, Green Climate Fund Deputy Executive Director Henry Gonzalez joins Dan and Alison to talk about the role of U.S. leadership in international climate finance, and why an investment abroad is an investment at home.   Show notes: Congress and International Climate Finance: https://www.eesi.org/briefings/view/102623cop COP Dispatch: What Congress Needs to Know from the U.N. Climate Talks: https://www.eesi.org/newsletters/cop-dispatch COP28 Announcement Tracker: Key Announcements from the 2023 U.N. Climate Summit: https://www.eesi.org/articles/view/cop28-announcement-tracker-key-announcements-from-the-2023-u.n-climate-summit

A key theme emerging from interviews for the ESG Insider podcast is that solutions to big sustainability challenges require collaboration across silos. Today in Part III of our 'Breaking down silos' miniseries, we're talking to a major global philanthropic foundation about how it partners with stakeholders around the world to finance solutions to issues like climate change and food systems transformation.  We sit down with Elizabeth Yee, Executive Vice President of Programs at the Rockefeller Foundation. "Philanthropy can't do it alone,” Elizabeth says. “In order to achieve the changes that we want to see across the programmatic work we do — which is clean energy access and transition; which is understanding, pushing forward the field of climate and health; which is ensuring that food is both good for people and planet; and ensuring that we also build a more equitable and green financial system — the only way to achieve any of those systems transformations is to work in partnership with government, the private sector, philanthropies, other civil society actors to deliver on those outcomes.” Listen to the first episode in our ‘Breaking down silos' miniseries, about balancing the role of policy and the private sector in the energy transition: https://www.spglobal.com/esg/podcasts/breaking-down-silos-balancing-the-role-of-policy-and-private-sector-in-the-energy-transition   Listen to the second episode in our ‘Breaking down silos' miniseries, where we hear how one of the world's biggest software companies approaches collaboration: https://www.spglobal.com/esg/podcasts/how-one-of-the-world-s-biggest-software-companies-approaches-collaboration   Listen to our interview with the Green Climate Fund: https://www.spglobal.com/esg/podcasts/as-cop28-kicks-off-talking-climate-finance-with-the-green-climate-fund      This piece was published by S&P Global Sustainable1, a part of S&P Global.   Copyright ©2024 by S&P Global   DISCLAIMER   By accessing this Podcast, I acknowledge that S&P GLOBAL makes no warranty, guarantee, or representation as to the accuracy or sufficiency of the information featured in this Podcast. The information, opinions, and recommendations presented in this Podcast are for general information only and any reliance on the information provided in this Podcast is done at your own risk. This Podcast should not be considered professional advice. Unless specifically stated otherwise, S&P GLOBAL does not endorse, approve, recommend, or certify any information, product, process, service, or organization presented or mentioned in this Podcast, and information from this Podcast should not be referenced in any way to imply such approval or endorsement. The third party materials or content of any third party site referenced in this Podcast do not necessarily reflect the opinions, standards or policies of S&P GLOBAL. S&P GLOBAL assumes no responsibility or liability for the accuracy or completeness of the content contained in third party materials or on third party sites referenced in this Podcast or the compliance with applicable laws of such materials and/or links referenced herein. Moreover, S&P GLOBAL makes no warranty that this Podcast, or the server that makes it available, is free of viruses, worms, or other elements or codes that manifest contaminating or destructive properties. 

It's a big moment for the United Nations Green Climate Fund. Its funding levels hit a record high following the climate conference COP 28, with several countries adding contributions to its second replenishment that sent the fund's total soaring past its $10 billion goal to $12.8 billion. GCF's Executive Director Mafalda Duarte oversaw the replenishment after assuming the role only three months prior, having departed her previous job as the head of the Climate Investment Funds in June. Somewhere in there, she was also at the Africa Climate Summit, the U.N. General Assembly, and multiple other global engagements. “Quite intense,” she acknowledged to Devex President and Editor-in-Chief Raj Kumar in Davos, Switzerland, the latest stop on her whirlwind travel agenda. But if Duarte has been busy, it's because she's making huge strides at an organization that was in a notably rocky place a few years ago. On this episode of Davos Dispatch, a series housed under our regular weekly podcast, This Week in Global Development, Duarte gives us the scoop on what's next for GCF and its role in climate change mitigation and adaptation.

China slaps an over $100,000 bounty on a U.S. citizen. Why is she on the wanted list? The Treasury secretary has a New Year's resolution: repairing the U.S.-China relationship. Collaboration with China on climate issues is also high on the list. Meanwhile, former President Donald Trump says he would renege on a $3 billion pledge for the Green Climate Fund, if elected. The FDA scored a major bust, seizing over $18 million worth of illegal e-cigarettes all from China. Beijing is wrapping up a big conference, setting the tone for economic policy in the coming year. We take a look at the biggest takeaways. ⭕️ Watch in-depth videos based on Truth & Tradition at Epoch TV

On today's episode, financial journalist Govindraj Ethiraj talks to Dr Ajay Mathur, Director General of the International Solar Alliance (ISA), which is one of its kind multilateral organisation established to catalyse global solar growth. The International Solar Alliance (ISA) is a collaborative platform initiated by the Government of India. Dr. Mathur provides an overview of ISA's current status with 118 member countries, its focus on promoting solar energy, and its efforts in advocacy, capacity building, and regulatory development. Dr. Mathur also talks about the evolution of solar prices, battery innovations, and the role of hybrid solutions.Prior to joining ISA, Dr Mathur was Director General of The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) and a member of the Prime Minister of India's Council on Climate Change. He was co-chair of the global Energy Transitions Commission and the Clean Cooling Initiatives of the One Planet Summit. He earlier headed the Indian Bureau of Energy Efficiency and was responsible for its foundational programmes, which mainstreamed energy efficiency through initiatives such as the Star Labeling program for appliances, the Energy Conservation Building Code, and the Perform, Achieve & Trade program for energy-intensive industries.He was a leading climate change negotiator and was the Indian spokesperson at the Paris climate negotiations. He served as the interim Director of the Green Climate Fund during its foundational period.For more of our coverage check out thecore.in--Support the Core Report--Head to www.indiaenergyweek.comJoin and Interact anonymously on our whatsapp channelSubscribe to our NewsletterFollow us on:Twitter | Instagram | Facebook | Linkedin | Youtube

In this episode of the ESG Insider podcast, we sit down on the sidelines of COP28 in Dubai with the Chief Sustainability Officer of the largest bank in the United Arab Emirates — First Abu Dhabi Bank (FAB).   The UAE holds the COP28 presidency, and Shargiil Bashir talks to us about his hopes for the UN's climate change conference, FAB's sustainability strategy, and the evolving approach to climate change in the Middle East.    "Nobody will get hurt more than the Middle East if we don't address those challenges because this country is going to get most impacted by climate change," Shargiil says. "There's so much more to do, so many more actions to take — but I definitely recognize the big steps that have been taken already."     Listen to more episodes covering COP28: COP28 highlights need for innovative climate finance solutions: https://www.spglobal.com/esg/podcasts/cop28-highlights-need-for-innovative-climate-finance-solutions   Optimism, hope for progress palpable at COP28: https://www.spglobal.com/esg/podcasts/tetris-pioneer-turned-environmentalist-talks-climate-optimism-at-cop28 At COP28, solving for water challenges through public-private collaboration: https://www.spglobal.com/esg/podcasts/at-cop28-solving-for-water-challenges-through-public-private-collaboration As COP28 kicks off, talking climate finance with the Green Climate Fund: https://www.spglobal.com/esg/podcasts/as-cop28-kicks-off-talking-climate-finance-with-the-green-climate-fund For more information on COP28 developments, see news from S&P Global Commodity Insights here: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en/market-insights/topics/cop28-un-climate-change-conference Read the COP28 Special Edition of the S&P Global Sustainability Quarterly for research and insights on key themes that in focus in Dubai here: https://www.spglobal.com/esg/insights/featured/sustainability-journal/cop28-sustainability-quarterly-page This piece was published by S&P Global Sustainable1, a part of S&P Global. Copyright ©2023 by S&P Global DISCLAIMER By accessing this Podcast, I acknowledge that S&P GLOBAL makes no warranty, guarantee, or representation as to the accuracy or sufficiency of the information featured in this Podcast. The information, opinions, and recommendations presented in this Podcast are for general information only and any reliance on the information provided in this Podcast is done at your own risk. This Podcast should not be considered professional advice. Unless specifically stated otherwise, S&P GLOBAL does not endorse, approve, recommend, or certify any information, product, process, service, or organization presented or mentioned in this Podcast, and information from this Podcast should not be referenced in any way to imply such approval or endorsement. The third party materials or content of any third party site referenced in this Podcast do not necessarily reflect the opinions, standards or policies of S&P GLOBAL. S&P GLOBAL assumes no responsibility or liability for the accuracy or completeness of the content contained in third party materials or on third party sites referenced in this Podcast or the compliance with applicable laws of such materials and/or links referenced herein. Moreover, S&P GLOBAL makes no warranty that this Podcast, or the server that makes it available, is free of viruses, worms, or other elements or codes that manifest contaminating or destructive properties.   

In this episode of the ESG Insider podcast, we're on the ground at the UN's COP28 climate conference in Dubai covering the role the financial sector plays in addressing climate change.   Finance is a cross-cutting theme on the COP28 agenda, and the week kicked off with a day dedicated to the topic. In today's episode, we sit down on the sidelines of the conference with Dame Susan Rice to talk about what needs to happen to close the climate finance gap.  Dame Susan chairs the Global Steering Group of the Global Ethical Finance Initiative (GEFI), a nonprofit focused on working with the financial sector to deliver finance for the UN's Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Dame Susan is former Chief Executive and Chair of Lloyds TSB Scotland and former Managing Director of Lloyds Banking Group, as well as a former Non-Executive Director of the Bank of England.   In the interview, Dame Susan talks about her hopes for COP28 outcomes and what needs to happen to get finance flowing to climate solutions.   "I hear all the time there's a lot of money out there, but it can't actually get to the other side," she tells us.   She says creative, hybrid solutions have a role to play.   "A lot of this change is at the frontier — it's companies, organizations, governments doing changes which haven't been done before," Dame Susan says. "So if you're an investor, if you're a banker, you don't understand the risk, you can't monetize the risk, and you become cautious and don't put the money in. So what I would love to see is really creative but sound, prudent finance."  Listen to more episodes covering COP28:  Optimism, hope for progress palpable at COP28: https://www.spglobal.com/esg/podcasts/tetris-pioneer-turned-environmentalist-talks-climate-optimism-at-cop28   At COP28, solving for water challenges through public-private collaboration: https://www.spglobal.com/esg/podcasts/at-cop28-solving-for-water-challenges-through-public-private-collaboration  As COP28 kicks off, talking climate finance with the Green Climate Fund: https://www.spglobal.com/esg/podcasts/as-cop28-kicks-off-talking-climate-finance-with-the-green-climate-fund    For more information on COP28 developments, see news from S&P Global Commodity Insights here: https://www.spglobal.com/commodityinsights/en/market-insights/topics/cop28-un-climate-change-conference  Read the COP28 Special Edition of the S&P Global Sustainability Quarterly for research and insights on key themes that in focus in Dubai here: https://www.spglobal.com/esg/insights/featured/sustainability-journal/cop28-sustainability-quarterly-page  This piece was published by S&P Global Sustainable1, a part of S&P Global.   Copyright ©2023 by S&P Global  DISCLAIMER  By accessing this Podcast, I acknowledge that S&P GLOBAL makes no warranty, guarantee, or representation as to the accuracy or sufficiency of the information featured in this Podcast. The information, opinions, and recommendations presented in this Podcast are for general information only and any reliance on the information provided in this Podcast is done at your own risk. This Podcast should not be considered professional advice. Unless specifically stated otherwise, S&P GLOBAL does not endorse, approve, recommend, or certify any information, product, process, service, or organization presented or mentioned in this Podcast, and information from this Podcast should not be referenced in any way to imply such approval or endorsement. The third party materials or content of any third party site referenced in this Podcast do not necessarily reflect the opinions, standards or policies of S&P GLOBAL. S&P GLOBAL assumes no responsibility or liability for the accuracy or completeness of the content contained in third party materials or on third party sites referenced in this Podcast or the compliance with applicable laws of such materials and/or links referenced herein. Moreover, S&P GLOBAL makes no warranty that this Podcast, or the server that makes it available, is free of viruses, worms, or other elements or codes that manifest contaminating or destructive properties. 

Across Africa, the impact of climate change is becoming more and more apparent. This year alone, multiple countries across the continent have been hit with an array of severe natural disasters – ranging from floods to excruciatingly high temperatures. As the United Nations Climate Change Conference - or COP28 - kicked of this week, delegates agreed to launch the long-awaited 'loss and damage' fund to pay for damage from climate-driven storms and drought. The EU, US, UAE and others immediately announced contributions totalling around $400m for poor countries reeling from the impacts of climate change.But in the past pledges for climate funding - for example to the Green Climate Fund - have far exceeded the actual amount of money that has been given.So should Africa be cautious about these new pledges?In a discussion recorded before the launch of the new fund, Africa Daily's Alan Kasujja hears why the issue of money has been so fraught in the past from our resident environment reporter, Peter Musembi - and talks over Africa's priorities for the summit with Eva Masudi, the Environment and Sustainable Development Minister for the Democratic Republic of Congo.

The UN's annual climate change conference known as COP28 kicks off in Dubai Nov. 30. Finance is a big theme on the agenda, and in this episode of the ESG Insider podcast we're talking to Hong Paterson, the Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer of the Green Climate Fund (GCF).  GCF is accountable to the UN and is guided by the principles of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC); it was established at a previous Conference of the Parties (COP) gathering to help achieve the Paris Agreement goal of keeping global temperature rise to well below 2 degrees C relative to preindustrial levels.   "The Green Climate Fund is the largest climate-focused fund globally and is the main mechanism for the Paris Agreement," Hong says. "Part of the Paris Agreement was really to bring at least $100 billion per annum, which was the problem statement when the Paris Agreement was established. That problem statement is now multiple trillions of dollars per annum."  In the episode, Hong also talks about her expectations for COP28 — including the role the private sector can play in addressing the massive climate financing gap.  "There is a huge pool of funding that's waiting from private sector, and it's a function of trying to figure out how we can help them overcome the hurdles," Hong says.   You can listen to previous episodes about what to expect from COP28 here: https://www.spglobal.com/esg/podcasts/what-to-expect-from-cop28-the-un-s-big-climate-change-conference   And here: https://www.spglobal.com/esg/podcasts/intersection-of-gender-and-climate-in-focus-ahead-of-cop28  This piece was published by S&P Global Sustainable1, a part of S&P Global.       Copyright ©2023 by S&P Global      DISCLAIMER      By accessing this Podcast, I acknowledge that S&P GLOBAL makes no warranty, guarantee, or representation as to the accuracy or sufficiency of the information featured in this Podcast. The information, opinions, and recommendations presented in this Podcast are for general information only and any reliance on the information provided in this Podcast is done at your own risk. This Podcast should not be considered professional advice. Unless specifically stated otherwise, S&P GLOBAL does not endorse, approve, recommend, or certify any information, product, process, service, or organization presented or mentioned in this Podcast, and information from this Podcast should not be referenced in any way to imply such approval or endorsement. The third party materials or content of any third party site referenced in this Podcast do not necessarily reflect the opinions, standards or policies of S&P GLOBAL. S&P GLOBAL assumes no responsibility or liability for the accuracy or completeness of the content contained in third party materials or on third party sites referenced in this Podcast or the compliance with applicable laws of such materials and/or links referenced herein. Moreover, S&P GLOBAL makes no warranty that this Podcast, or the server that makes it available, is free of viruses, worms, or other elements or codes that manifest contaminating or destructive properties.

The latest edition of This Week in Development takes both a ground-level and 30,000-foot view of localization and the latest issues in development, ranging from unpaid workers in Nigeria to a YouTube influencer-turned-do-gooder to a climate fund struggling to get up to speed. Sara Jerving's exclusive story offers an object lesson on the importance of coordination and collaboration in large, sprawling development endeavors with multiple stakeholders. She reports on the Saving Lives and Livelihoods initiative, which involved the Mastercard Foundation, the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, and several other players such as implementers, government agencies, and auditors. The result? Confusion about how workers in Nigeria — who were not given formal contracts when they were recruited — should be paid, leading to months' worth of unpaid labor for some. “This highlights a bigger program in our development space and that is, it shows that process is more important than people,” said George Ingram, senior fellow at the Brookings Center for Global Development. “It's the green-eyeshade people who are important to ensure there's not a lot of corruption, but they too often rule and interfere with having effective development, and donors and everybody needs to be willing to take a little more risk in order to get the development impact we're looking for.” Ingram joined Devex Editor-in-Chief Raj Kumar and me for a discussion that touched on other stories of the week, including the successes and challenges of cash transfers, the Green Climate Fund's flagging efforts to simplify its application process, and the controversial efforts of YouTube sensation MrBeast to build water wells in Africa, which generated some blowback. Sign up to the Devex Newswire and our other newsletters.

In this episode of Planet A, Dan Jørgensen is joined by Mafalda Duarte, the executive director of the world's largest climate fund – the Green Climate Fund. Mafalda Duarte sheds light on how the fund is at the forefront of aiding developing countries on their path to development that is both low in emissions and resilient to the climate. She explains the fund's projects which span billions of dollars and how to balance this with the needs of developing countries: “We have to put ourselves in the shoes of these people in developing countries.” What concrete investments lead to sustainable development? How can developed and developing countries better work together to achieve climate goals? Join us as Mafalda Duarte and Dan Jørgensen tackle these questions and discuss the potential of climate finance in the quest for sustainable development. 

How is climate change disproportionately impacting global health, and how should these damages be compensated? Join Margaret and Clare, two public health students at Emory University, to explore these questions by interviewing delegates from developing nations at the UNFCCC's 27th Conference of the Parties. The interviews were recorded in November 2022, and this episode is being released one year later to commemorate the life of Dr. Saleemul Huq, who recently passed away and is featured prominently in the episode. Learn more about Dr. Saleemul Huq https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/03/climate/saleemul-huq-dead.html Audio from the protest at the start of the episode: AP Archive. (2021, November 16). Activists from Global South lead protest at COP27. https://youtu.be/s2he_RjWhv4 Learn more about the International Centre for Climate Change and Development https://www.icccad.net/ Learn more about LaRutadelClima https://larutadelclima.org/ Learn more about the Panafrican Climate Justice Alliance https://pacja.org/ Learn more about IBON International https://iboninternational.org/ Read the full text of the loss and damage funding agreement https://unfccc.int/documents/624440 Read the press release titled "COP27 Reaches Breakthrough Agreement on New “Loss and Damage” Fund for Vulnerable Countries" https://unfccc.int/news/cop27-reaches-breakthrough-agreement-on-new-loss-and-damage-fund-for-vulnerable-countries Learn more about the Green Climate Fund https://unfccc.int/process/bodies/funds-and-financial-entities/green-climate-fund Read the Green Climate Fund report https://www.greenclimate.fund/sites/default/files/document/status-pledges-irm_1.pdf Learn more about Next Gen. Global Frontier https://ngglobalfrontier.org/ Read a PBS News article about the conference outcomes https://www.pbs.org/newshour/world/cop27-closes-with-deal-struck-for-climate-disaster-fund-but-no-new-emissions-cuts , and a CNN article https://www.cnn.com/2022/11/19/world/cop27-egypt-agreement-climate-intl/index.html

In this episode, the spotlight is on FAO's Food Price Index showing a moderate decline; a first-ever global assessment in crop and livestock losses due to disasters; and a deepening partnership with the Green Climate Fund support countries' access to climate action resources. Producer: Lis Sanchez, Ruki Inoshita Presenter: Ruki Inoshita Sound: Eric Deleu Editorial supervision: Michelle Hoffman ©FAO/Fahad Kaizer

Ukraine is to get a new defence minister - but why now in the middle of the counteroffensive against Russia? And what difference will it make? Also in the programme: the first ever Africa Climate Conference opens in Nairobi, with a focus on finance; we hear from the new head of the UN's Green Climate Fund, set up to help developing countries. And school teachers in South Korea go on strike over bullying by parents. (IMAGE: Rustem Umerov, chairman of Ukraine's State Property Fund and President Zelensky's choice for defence minister to replace Oleksii Reznikov / CREDIT: Getty Images)

Welcome to the second part of our insights from the Global Health Division at the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade's Climate, Health and International Development Seminar.The seminar explored the impacts of climate change and health, its relevance to health policy and programming in the Australian aid program, and how to build climate adaptation into health programs throughout the aid cycle, from concept and design, to implementation, monitoring and evaluation. It was supported by the Specialist Health Service (SHS).In Part One of this two-part series, we heard from Professor Kathryn Bowen from the University of Melbourne, who presented on climate change and impacts on health in our region. Today, we bring you insights from Paul Mitchell, Save the Children's Principal Climate Change Adviser. Paul is the lead technical advisor for Save the Children's engagement with global climate funds, including the Green Climate Fund, providing high level technical advice, oversight and quality control for all proposals. He also provides strategic leadership on technical issues related to Save the Children's climate change programming across sectors, with a particular focus on child-centred approaches, community-based and locally led adaptation; capacity building and development/strengthening of systems and governance processes for adaptation at all levels. Previously, Paul managed the Australian aid program's International Climate Change Adaptation Initiative. With nearly 20 years of experience in climate change and development, Paul has developed, implemented, monitored, and evaluated adaptation projects and strategies at local, national and regional scales across the Pacific, South and Southeast Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and the Caribbean.You can access the slides from Paul's presentation here.We encourage you to join the conversation at @CentreHealthSec. You can also follow Save the Children's work on Twitter at @SaveChildrenAus and LinkedIn. 

Diese Woche mit Susanne Schwarz und Sandra Kirchner. In Berlin fand Anfang dieser Woche ein informelles Treffen hochrangiger Klimadiplomat:innen statt. Bundeskanzler Olaf Scholz verkündete dabei, dass Deutschland zwei Milliarden Euro in den Green Climate Fund einzahlen will. Aber damit erfüllt Deutschland sein Versprechen zur Klimafinanzierung noch immer nicht. Am 4. Mai war Erdüberlastungstag in Deutschland: Bis zu dem Stichtag haben wir in Deutschland alle natürliche Ressourcen für dieses Jahr verbraucht. Würden alle Menschen so viel konsumieren wie Deutschland, bräuchte es rechnerisch drei Erden. Ab jetzt leben wir auf Pump – auf Kosten künftiger Generationen und der Menschen im globalen Süden, denen entsprechend weniger zur Verfügung steht. Der französische Ölmulti Total hat Klage gegen Greenpeace Frankreich eingereicht. Die Umweltorganisation hatte einen Bericht vorgelegt, dass der Ölkonzern seine Treibhausgasemissionen für 2019 massiv unterschätzt hat. Total wiederum behauptet nun, dass die Berechnungen von Greenpeace falsch seien, und fordert die Organisation auf, den Bericht zurückzuziehen. -- Das klima update° wird jede Woche von Spender*innen unterstützt. Wenn auch du dazu beitragen willst, geht das HIER https://www.verein-klimawissen.de/spenden. Wir danken hier und jetzt - aber auch noch mal namentlich im Podcast (natürlich nur, wenn ihr zustimmt).

The United Nations has warned that the world is at risk of exceeding the 1.5 degrees Celsius limit for global warming in the next 10 years. How is Malaysia responding to the climate crisis? We speak to Nik Nazmi Nik Ahmad, Minister for Natural Resources, Environment and Climate Change on progress to reduce carbon emissions, the timeline for tabling the National Adaptation Plan and concerns over environmental data transparency.Auto-generated TranscriptThis is a podcast from BFM 89.9. The business station,The BFM Breakfast Grille, connecting you to the top people and ideas powered by U Mobile 5G. Now with you.Good morning, you're listening to the Breakfast Grille. I'm Syazana Mokhtar. The science couldn't be more clear. The world is running out of time to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius with un scientists warning that we could breach this target in the 2030s without urgent action.The house is on fire. So how is the Malaysian government responding to the climate change? Alarm bells? Nik Nazmi Nik Ahmad, Minister of Natural Resources Environment and climate change? Joins me on the show today to discuss this. Thank you for taking the time to speak with us. Nik. Welcome to the show. Hi, thanks for having me here. I'm going to put you on the spot. Is Malaysia facing a climate emergency?Well, definitely, I mean, we, we see it every day. We see it with the floods that we have that keep breaking records year after year and we see it with the incoming heat wave that we're having now. So definitely we are facing a climate emergency like other countries in the world. Ok. So you have taken a different position from the previous government. The national government said there wasn't a need yet to declare a climate emergency as efforts were being taken to combat climate change. In this sense, you're departing from their stance, Malaysia is facing a climate emergency. Well, in substance. Yes. But what I'm saying, you know, I think what was asked by the previous, on the previous government was for the government to declare a climate emergency in law with that? I think that, you know, I I I think that we don't have to declare a legal climate emergency. It was declared in law in the UK and nothing much has happened. What is more important I think is to understand about how big the climate situation is and to address it rather than, you know, putting us to certain standards that may be, you know, that, that are false or provide an illusion. Ok. At the same time, you acknowledge there is a climate emergency of sorts, but you have also postponed the climate change bill which was a piece of legislation that was on the cusp of being tabled by the the national government. If not for GE15, you push that back another 2 to 3 years. Why has this bill been delayed similar to having, you know, about declaring us having a climate emergency? I do not want us to just tick the boxes without having a significant or substantial uh meat to the legislation. So, with regards to the Climate Change Act, and I, I know uh my, my predecessors, a few generations back Yeo Bee Yin,Uh she did put some work into it, you know, and, and it was uh uh what do you call that progressing at good pace? However, when I came into office, I didn't get much on the table uh from my immediate predecessors. Uh So, you know, for me, you know, I do not want to just rush a Climate Change Act this year.Uh And seeing that it does not address many of the things that we want to address. Um Actually, we have many legislations that are existing that can address climate change, uh that we can work on, make it more effective, which is, is I think uh as important as having a Climate Change Act in place. So you tweeted back in February this, that we want a bill that's not toothless, that is comprehensive and that will be truly impactful what was lacking in the draft bill that warrants a complete overhaul from your perspective. I think I've said it often enough that uh I did not get anything from my predecessor.So, so now, you know, the team, that's why you're starting from scratch. Yes. Um You know, so I'm, I'm asking the officials at the ministry and and you know, for us to have a, to have a really thorough look at the legislation to really consult widely um to see how other countries are doing uh the the legislation and also to have a proper engagement with the various stakeholders, civil society, um academia, businesses to see when the bill comes out, it will be truly comprehensive. So at this point, do you have, I suppose a vision of sorts, Nik in terms of what you think should be in this bill or what you want it to encompass?I think there are two key elements um in terms of carbon emissions. Uh it's something that we really need to address. Uh but you know, as a country, we do not emit that much, we emit about 0.69% of the carbon emissions globally. We are doing quite well compared to many other countries at our stage of development and our size of economy. However, we are also, we also have to play our part. I mean, that's very crucial.And secondly, we are a trading nation as we know many um E N E companies, for example, are putting stringent climate goals. So if we do not uh have uh ambitious climate goals, then we, you know, our industries will be hollowed out in the next 5, 10 years. That's one. Uh but the other part which is just as important is things like adaptation and mitigation.Um I think that is more urgent for Malaysia. We are a country, a maritime country. Basically, we've seen the floods, we've seen sea level rise, we've seen erosion happening.Um So I think those are things that we need to address in the Climate Change Act to ensure that we are able to, you know, survive, you know, when, when it comes to not just 2050 2030. All right, ambitious climate change targets. That that's what you mentioned carbon targets. So Malaysia has clear goals for climate mitigation that were submitted to the United Nationsas part of our National Determined Contribution N D CS. We updated that in 2021 we're going to reduce the intensity of carbon emissions by 45% by 2030 compared to 2005 levels. Some parties would argue that our N DC targets are not ambitious enough, reducing carbon intensity by 45% of 2005 levels can be done without actually lowering emissions. How would you respond to that?Well, I think one of the concerns um in fact, I mean, there are two sides to the argument. Some people also said that, you know, we put that target unconditionally many other countries when they have their submissions to the N DC on reduction of carbon intensity, it was conditional but we, you know, we gave it away. But I think, you know, it is what it is and, and I think we will be reviewing it uh in the next few years. Um So I think as long as we, we, we stick to that plan,um I think we are in good state because um actually many of our targets are very ambitious compared to our neighboring countries, even the more advanced ones. Um But the issue is not about targets alone, it's about the pathways to achieve those targets. You know, it's like, you know, going a, a student going and declaring to his parents, I'm going to get 10 A in S PM and not studying, you know, or or not working for it. So the targets I think is there is about working and finding the pathways to achieving those targets. So just to clarify, uh Malaysia has also pledged to become net zero at the earliest by 2050 this was announced by the Ismail Al Sabri government and this is a pledge that the present government also intends to stick to. Yes. Yes. Ok. UmOne of the key pieces of Malaysia's climate mitigation strategy is the transition to renewable energy which the government targets to reach 40% generation capacity by 2035. My question for you, Nik is, can this be achieved without first dismantling the fuel subsidies that are keeping energy prices artificially low? For Malaysians? At the, at the moment,I think the shift to uh targeted subsidies is crucial for us to jumpstart our energy transition. And we've started that, you know, one of before one month in office. Uh My first task was to uh have the review for the next IC P T cycle where we, where we increase the surcharge um for industries for commercial sectors which were using uh which were medium and high voltage users in the energy sector.Uh by what, 400% right from, from uh all the way to 20 cent. Um it still subsidized. Uh but it's a huge increase from what it was. Uh And, and I think, uh and there was a lot of complaints, uh, understandably and, but I also think that industries, businesses need to understand that we have uh given a blanket subsidy for so long, you know, and many of these uh businesses have enjoyed that. Right.So, uh complaints, yes. Um a lot of noise in the media but uh ultimately, you know, I met a few of them after a few months and, and now they have adopted uh energy efficiency plans. They are using more solar. Uh And I think just because it's uh priced nearer to the market and people understand that and I think um the plan is not just for the industries and commercial sector, the non-domestic sector, but also for the domestic uh consumers for the, at least we can start with the T 20. I mean, if you are using, uh if you're having a bungalow, a landed house with 10 air cons, you know, dryers and what not, you should be paying a market rate for your electricity. I mean, that's something that we, we, we, we want to work on, right. Um So, so that's part of it, the energy efficiency and Conservation Act is it has been in the works, I think even during the Naps administration, we hope to pass it this year. So I think that will be another important impetus towards energy transition.Uh And, and yes, as you rightly said, the next other part, the other part is electrification of mobility of, of transport. Um And we also need to address where now you know, if you are using regardless, I mean, even people who are using the most expensive cars uh are now using route 95 for example, because it subsidized,it's cheaper. So I think we also need to address that towards targeted subsidies so that then people will make that transition towards electric vehicles as well. Does the fuel subsidies? Does that come under your portfolio? As an R E C C Minister? I mean, do you have influence over what happens? Input will be there? But it's led by the Ministry of Finance anduh Ministry of Domestic Trade. And yeah, ok. I'm speaking to Nik Nazmi, Nik Ahmad, Minister for Natural Resources Environment and climate change is Malaysia doing enough on climate adaptation. We'll have more on the Breakfast Grilleafter the break. Stay tuned. BFM 89.9,you are listening to the breakfast grill brought to you by you Mobile 5G. Now with you.Thanks for staying tuned to the breakfast grill. I'm Syazana Mokhtar. And with me on the show today is Nik Nazmi Nik Ahmad, minister for Natural Resources, Environment and climate change. Nik. Earlier on in the show, you mentioned the energy efficiency and Conservation Act, which you said has been long in the works. Why is this a priority for the government now?Well, because there's two sides to, to when we talk about energy, one is about having cleaner sources of energy generation, right? Uh We still have a lot of coal, for example, gas is low carbon but its still carbon. Um we want more solar and all that. So that's one element of it and, and that takes time,but the other element is energy efficiency. Uh because um we, we also know that actually um with new technology, a lot of equipment, a lot of uh uh machines and stuff are getting more and more efficient in terms of using energy. Um the electrical appliances that we use today are much more efficient in terms of using energy compared to what our grandparents were using. For example,the UK over the past 20 years, the energy consumption has gone on the downtrend, right? So if we can do that, that means we require less energy and, and that means we, we do not have to rely so much on, on the uh coal and gas plants that we have today. And, and you know, we also have enormous uh reserve margins for electricity. So that will definitely help in our energy transition.Nik is the introduction of an energy efficiency and conservation Act. A prerequisite of sorts to secure renewable energy transition deals with developed countries. I wonder, I understand that most of our neighbors have some form of energy efficiency regulation in place. And last year, both Indonesia and Vietnam concluded finance partnerships with rich countries to advance their green energy agenda. Is that part of the reason why you want to push this? Now,I I, you know, if you ask me, it's not just because of that. Um I think um if you talk, I mean, definitely we would love to be part of uh you know, all these lucrative deals um for us to accelerate our energy transition. Um I mean, if anyone can help us to have now our commitment is no new coal plants, but if we can have uh early retirement of coal plants with the right uh structure in our energy sector, with the right financing.Um whether it comes from overseas or from the banks and whatnot, it's something that we'd be happy to consider, right? Um But I think why, why we missed out was um and, and we actually have a lot of good policies and plans but maybe it was not communicated or marketed enough before. Um And I have spoken uh you know in cabinet, I've spoken to the Prime Minister that I think this is something thatit has to be central. And I think definitely, you know, the the Prime Minister has understood this. Uh we had a lot of things for my ministry in this budget 2023. So the government understands how important climate change is and and we hope that that that can be the key plank for the an Ibrahim administration. Ok. So there's definitely going to be more foreign policy outreach when it comes to thegreen energy agenda and the green agenda in general, I want to stick to energy a little bit more. The appointment of Mohammad Radan Moma Yusuf as chair of the Energy Commission in February did spark backlash given his then position as the Deputy managing Director of Gamuda Gauda is of course a major player in the renewable energy space. He has since resigned two months after he was first appointed. I mean, was this the result of the Prime Minister's intervention?No, I mean, uh you know, in the first place, uh obviously we did our checks and what not. Uh There are a few things that we have to correct. Dauda is not a major major renewable energy player. They have a small investmentuh in uh renewable energy. They are mostly uh construction uh property player and most of their revenues come from abroad. Uh But what, what, what was uh and I think the most important thing. Um Yes, as you rightly said, I think a lot of people were expecting him to design from S T but it was just a narrative that people wanted to create.Uh But uh rash, he, he made the choice to his credit that he, he was excited about contributing to this and, and I think, surprised a lot of people by resigning, not from S D but from Gamuda.Um And, you know, he has a long record of, of um being able to shake up um markets, being able to uh do uh various uh corporate uh restructuring that has uh left uh you know, it was really radical corporate restructuring, which I think uh uh has shaken up the market. And I thinkas that's why we wanted him there. You know, that's why we, we put him there was because he uh I, I believe that we can do better in terms of energy transition and, and we need to have a more uh you know, uh focus uh view on this and, and Rash is the right person for thisis that you've specified to him that you want to see him achieve in his post as the chair of the Energy Commission. Well, well, right now, you know, we, we under my R er we our renewable energy road map, we have targets of installed capacity for R E 31% as opposed to 24% present me31% in 2025 40% in 2035. Um But as I've said, if there are ways to accelerate that, if there are ways we can look at uh uh you know, to really ramp up solar uh to get uh Malaysia to play a central role in the ASEAN power grid.Um You know, we are already supply, we are already, our grid is already supplying electricity from Laos to Singapore. For example, you know, we should be able to be at the center for ASEAN. Once all the interconnections are there, um the looking at reviewing our ban on renewable energy exports, you know, so all these things are things that are the K P I s for for rush to achieve. Ok. So very full inbox trayand passing it on to him. I would like to turn our attention to the other side of the climate change action coin which is adaptation. How would you respond to accusations that the government is doing far too little to address climate resilience? The policy focus has been very much on mitigation on reducing carbon emissions as evidenced by the many blueprints on low carbon aspirations. When will the government present the Malaysia National Adaptation plan?Well, our uh we've just submitted our proposal to G C F, the Green Climate Fund uh to prepare the National Adaptation Plan N A P uh on 27 March this year. Uh and it is going to focus on water security and water resources, agriculture and food security,uh infrastructure, energy and environment, forest biodiversity, and public health. So yes, as I said, um you know, in truth, a lot of the things about carbon emissions and what not, we are a very small player in the big sum of things, right? Uh We, we, you know, other countries are contributing far, far more to that and, and even if we play our part and they don't, you know, we'll still be underwater by 2050.Uh But adaptation is then plays a very key role because we have more control over that.Uh We've seen the floods, we've seen what's happening. Um With regards to every uh uh places that have never been flooded are now experiencing floods. Um erosion. I've seen, you know, roads in, in the east coast, in the west coast where they are now disappearing because of uh erosion. So I think um adaptation plays a very key role and, and definitely, it's one of our focus and I think one of the things that we keep repeating on,um yes, we need to do the, the, the carbon emission side and all that because of yes, we want to play our part. Secondly, we are a global trading uh player. But adaptation is the priority. Uh if you want to talk about survival for our Children and their Children.So the previous government cited that Malaysia would need funding to the tune of 400 billion ring to overcome flooding issues until the end of this century. This is just for flooding is that the quantum that you have in mind as well in terms of what's going to be needed to invest in adaptation measures.Well, you know, if you want to talk about adaptation as a whole, it might be even more, right? Um but yeah, I mean, that's based on one study uh um that, that has been cited and, and definitely, you know, we are spending more and more uh for flood mitigation uh for adaptation. Uh We are also going to come up of uh flood hazard maps and whatnot so that it can be built in, in, in insurance. So, you know, basically the, the the country has to move uh has to transition towards this.Um The B and I think, you know, when, when some people look at it as a huge cost um is the biggest portion of my ministry, for example, uh flood. Uh But if you then calculate how much losses, ultimately loss of life, but also loss of property loss to the economic sectors.If there is. Uh I mean, when we see a sea level rise, our biggest uh port Port Clan will be totally exposed. Uh And what's the impact to our supply in the country? Right? Uh getting food, getting vital uh goods inuh our power plants and a lot of them are near the, the sea as well. Uh What will happen to them? So these are things that we have to recognize and, and then you will understand that the huge expenditure is actually affordable once you look at it because we are going to save much more when we spend on adaptation and mitigation. Ok. I think um many,I agree with you, Nik, I think that we do need to see more funding being sent to adaptation. But the point is we're not seeing it yet. So when will the government, I suppose put these efforts in motion, when will we see on the ground, the adaptation efforts take place? Well, I think um some of the, you know, flood the projects that are addressing floods and whatnot. I mean, that's already there. Uh But um I think the key part will definitely be uh when we have the National Adaptation plan because that will beuh you know, the, the, the focus for all our adaptation uh programs and projects. When will this be tabled? Um Well, we, we are working on it. I mean, as I said, it's been submitted to the uh to the G C F. So hopefully, uh we can uh you know, once we go through the various um stakeholder discussions because we want the inputuh from the grassroots, from the activists, from various stakeholders. Uh Then uh you know, then we can uh then we will uh make it as an official policy? Why has it taken so long for adaptation to be made a priority by the government? Do you think Nik? I mean, people would say this is, this is late, we are very late in coming up with this adaptation plan. Um What gives,well, you know, um I do not want to blame predecessors or whatnot, but I think sometimes, like I said, I mean, it, it becomes sexy to talk about uh carbon emissions because it's there. And, you know, some, a lot of times our energy uh sorry environment conversations are driven by what's been talked about in the developed countries. Um And obviously, I mean, I understand why, why, you know, they want to talk about carbon emissions, they are the major polluters, right?Uh They've cut down the forest for 2, 300 years and they've developed at our expense, but people don't want to talk as much about adaptation. Um because it's something that is more relevant to a maritime developing country like Malaysia.Um And, and I think, uh you know, sometimes you, you do get, you, you get uh you, you're stuck with the narrative that's been played in the developed countries. And I think we need to understand that every country's climate challenge differs. Uh you know, when you are a developed economy, when you're a big polluter compared to a developing country, which is um a peninsula and part of an island, right? So that, that's the context that we have to understand.I'm speaking to Nik Nazmi Nik Ahmad, minister for Natural Resources, environment and climate change on an extended edition of the breakfast grill after the 8 30 AM news bulletin is Malaysian policy making being held hostage by state elections. Stay tuned. BFM 89.9.You are listening to the breakfast grill brought to you by you Mobile 5G. Now with you, you are listening to an extended edition of the breakfast grill. I'm Syazana Mokhtar. And with me today is Nik Nazmi Nik Ahmad, Minister for Natural Resources Environment and climate change. Now, Nik earlier on, we were talking about adaptation and adaptation measures that Malaysia is taking. I would like to touch on forestry measures because unchecked development and deforestation have been cited as among the key reasons for the increased severity of flooding and higher incidents of landslides. Now, we know that forestry management is under state government purview. But what levers do you have in the federal government? What are you using to maintain oversight on what's happening at the state level?Yeah. So um when you are at the federal level, we have uh we do coordinate between the state governments. We have, we have Biodiversity Nagara which recently said uh we have the Malaysian Climate Change Action Council which is chaired by the Prime Minister. So uh a, so those are the platforms that we have uh with uh the state governments um in order to uh coordinate uh policies uh and also to share targets and best practices. Uh So what, what we try to do is um you know, you know, there, there are various things, for example, now, you know, when, even when there's a palm oil, for example, we have uh you know, sustainable palm oil certification, uh even for forest management. So that is an encouragement for them to conform because in order for them to have access to the widest markets, then they have to meet those targets. Um And most, I would say most states do meet those targets.Um And to be to the credibility of the standards when they don't, they are penalized. I mean, they are taken out uh the, the from the certification. Um but rather than just sort of a stick approach, uh you know, uh we also uh we also have uh what you call the incentives carrots, for example, which has been there since 2019 is the ecological fiscal transfer. How effective has this mechanism been?Well, uh you know, the, we, we do see um states because the main complaints when you talk about states that, that tend to have problems. I mean, I'm generalizing but it tends to be the states when, where they do not have a big uh commercial or industrial sector. So they rely on exploitation of forests. Um and they, they, they also tend to be the ones with the biggest forest covers. So they rely on exploitation of forests in order to uh for, for revenue.Um So they say, OK, you are giving us all these lofty targets and all that. But what's in it for us? And they are, it's, it's a bread and butter issue as well. I mean fair to them.So, so we say, OK, you know this uh E F T it was 60 million Ring Gate when it was launched in 2020 19. Then the last two years, it was 70 million ring gate each year. And now the Prime Minister has increased it to 100 and 50 million ring gate. But what's the take up is this actually going to state government is sitting in a bank somewhere? They, they all go to states. Um We look at uh one is the size of the forest coveruh but also what they are doing uh in terms of uh if, if they do add uh their, their uh permanent uh forest reserves, uh what they're doing for, for uh the uh the dilapidated forest, what are they doing to restore it? So there are a few criterias uh that we look into and we are trying to make it even more sophisticated so that uh you know, it's not just giving free money but it's conditional. Um And, and to encourage good behavior, I think that that's the most important thing.Um But yeah, I mean, the problems are there definitely, for example, uh was the only state that had a public consultation uh for the gaze of Forest. It was there in the enactment then last year, the previous government adopted that for the National Forestry Act amendment. Uh Unfortunately, after that, only one other state has adopted that as well. The others have yet to do so. So because that the state legislation in order to, to uh exercise that we have to keep reminding themthat, you know, you have to do that and, and it will eventually reflect, I mean, some of them now want to go into carbon trading and what not. If you don't do that, it will have an impact into the credibility of your carbon assets and so on and so forth. OK. So I can see that there is continuous engagement with the state governments on the initiative that they're taking on forestry management. Now there has been excellent investigative journalism byMalaysian organizations like Rainbow Watch and Makara on the gaps in forestry data, including differences between what satellite images show and what's in official records of land use. How are you addressing questions of government credibility when it comes to environmental data?Yeah, I mean, I, I think uh it's also an issue of sometimes an issue of definitions. OK. Uh I mean, I, I, I, I came up with a very open statement, you know, listening to and I, I in fact met, met uh with most of these NGO or or institutions listen to their concerns. Um Sometimes it's also an issue of how we can communicate better.Uh But yeah, for example, one of the major issues is whether forest plantations should be deemed as uh you know, forests at all. Um and, and we know that there's a problem states like for example, or even other states have issues with uh uh forest uh uh plantations and what we have been doing. Um You know, the the previous Prime Minister uh to his credit, he has uh put a moratorium on forest plantations because what happens is that it's supposed to repair dilapidated forest, then you're supposed to have uh you're able to have selective uh forestry uh exploitation over the next 30 years or something.But some often it goes to virgin forest and they just want the timber and then the replanting doesn't happen or it happens very slow or it's just uh mono species or, or foreign species that's been planted because it's, it's actually forest plantation can be very, very expensive if you want to do it, right. Uh So the moratorium was the right move and I think we really need to address uh to, to see um what can be done to address the damages that has been done by forest plantations. And so that's something that is in the works. Um So, and, and that adds to the discrepancy, the gaps in the data that's been raised by, by watch and and what the government has. OK. So this is something you're aware of, you're looking into it. Why can't data be more transparent? Nik? I think that's some of the things that these organizations are calling for, for this data to be made public so that more parties can scrutinize this. Uh Is that something that you are considering doing? Well? It's, that's the ideal uh you know, we have three forest Agencies, Saba and um and then, as I said, in terms of uh the jurisdiction is actually state jurisdiction, although JP S M is the body but then um you know, is in charge of its forest, is in charge of its forest and so on. So in that process, uh there is uh some uh mismatch of data as well. Um And, and I think um I mean, it's an ongoing process, it won't be easy. You know, when, I mean, uh when, when you want to talk about integrating uh government data um across the various levels of government uh across various agencies, it can be difficult. Um I mean, to be fair, I mean, even the government now we do use, I mean, we also use satellite. We, we also use uh to look at the problems of deforestation and what not. So we are also taking into account of all the data that's being used by other agencies, Penang South Islands. Uh Nik, let's talk about that. The Penang South Islands reclamation project received approval for its environmental impact assessment report last month, subject to 71 conditions. I haven't been able to find the E I A decision in the public domain. What are these conditions? It's actually in the website. Uh you can download it. Um But you, it's actually accessible uh in the website. Um uh What,what I can say is that uh you know, it is a process, it's not that I personally approve or reject the report. How much say do you have over this E A, I had a few things. Um, I mean, I met, uh, I, I, I listened to the case of the state government, you know, um, I, I also listen to uh the concerns that were raised against the project but it has its own process, it has its own board, uh that, that actually approves it.Uh, it's not an arbitrary thing where even the, I mean, that's, and that's how it should be, you know, it shouldn't be on one person to approve or disprove a project and, and to be fair, you know, it has gone through a long process. Um, it was approved what, 2018 and then, uh 2019 and then an appeal came in. Um, so the E I A was rejected, I think in 2020 or 2021. And then, umwhenever then the state, uh the project, the state authorities came out with uh the plan. Um, the, the, the uh related authorities had some concerns, you know, it was all addressed one by 11 by one.So it was a very comprehensive process. It took many, many years. Uh And, and I think that's why has this process been transparent enough because you yourself talked about how E I A reporting sometimes isn't transparent in the case of the Penang South Islands. It has it been trans, I mean, it's one, as I said, it's one of the most transparent and comprehensive uh processes for E I A that has been, that has happened. OK. That, that's one.But uh what, what the other thing that we have to bear in mind, even the approval was granted with 71 conditions. It's not a blank check and they still is still subject to the uh environmental Management plan. E MP being approved. It has not been approved, right? So there's a few more stages to go as well just because the A I A was conditionally approved, doesn't mean that, you know, it's alluh that they can do what they want there. OK. So what are you going to do then to ensure that there's proper oversight on the project implementation? Well, you know, like I said, you know, we, we will uh the, the E MP, the E MP will be looked into, we will ensure that uh what you call that uh the, the project can satisfy all the 71 conditions.Um And you know, there's still, I mean, people can still appeal if they want to appeal against the E I A approval, even though it's conditional. Uh people can still go to the state government uh that approves and, and you know, they have that process through the local government route. So there are various routes that they can use uh for anyone who is unhappy with the project.So Nik, here's the conundrum of the dilemma that I see the Penang South Islands project can be used as an example of the policy incoherence perhaps in terms of our climate change action. So on one hand, we have these goals of having adaptation, ensuring climate resilience of uh you know,2050 0 net zero targets. But at the same time, we are also green lighting, these projects which will cause massive carbon emissions which will destroy the marine biodiversity of the area. How do you reconcile these very two disparate uh I guess aims? No, I mean, even if you look at the report, there is an impact ultimately on some shrimp migration on fisheries. Yeah, but if you look at details, yeah, most of it has been mitigatedand we have to accept that unless we do not want to grow as an economy, then uh we can stop all development. Uh But that's always the balancing game that we have to recognize. I accept that there has to be sustainable development, but development is there and it has to be sustainable, right? And balancing that is not an easy job, I can recognize that.Um And, and you know, I said this like the thing, it was uh it was submitted, it was approved in 2019initially, right? And then it was uh uh the the the what they call that uh the appeal against it was accepted. So they had to go back. So the process was very rigorous. Um And with 71 conditions with many agencies, Fisheries, um there was a social impact as assessment done. Also things that are outside environment, traffic impact assessment,all those things were submitted. Uh So I think, you know, it was a very, very thorough process and, and I, that's how it should be done in the sense that any development process cannot be given as easily as it was before, it has to be looked thoroughly. UhBut it's something that we have to recognize that there will be uh uh what do you call that? There will be things that we have to give and take in any decision. But as much as possible, I would like, you know, the development has to be sustainable, right? We have one minute left on the clock Nik, but I can't let you go withoutmaking some reference to the political situation in the country. We're heading into state elections in the next six months, if not sooner. Is this a primary consideration in policy making for the government? Are you holding off on the tough decisions until after the polls to avoid risking the disenchantment among the voting public? No, I think uh for us it's what's best for the country. Um Obviously you have to be smart at communicating it. Obviously you have to listen to and engage with the stakeholders.Uh That's the political reality. Uh You, you have to be tactical about those things. But the big picture for us if we need to do something now, um it's a bit difficult then we will do it now because it's uh if it's necessary, Nik. Thank you very much for joining me on the show today. Thank you. Thank you very much. I've been speaking to Nik Nazmi Nik Ahmad, Minister for Natural Resources, Environment and climate change. This has been the Breakfast Grille on BFM 89.9.The BFM Breakfast Grille is brought to you by you mobile 5G. Now with you.You have been listening to a podcast from BFM 89.9, the business station for more stories of the same kind. Download the BFM app.

Welcome to another bumper episode of Outrage + Optimism!   This week we kick off with a rather triumphant Paul Dickinson revelling in the news that Fox News personality, Tucker Carlson, has parted ways with the corporation. First David Malpass, now Tucker Carlson... We can't help but wonder who else features on Paul's mysterious list? Don't worry Tom, you are quite safe. For now… Christiana, Tom and Paul cover other big news in the US including Biden's re-election bid; a White House commitment to put $1 billion into the Green Climate Fund; the announcement of the launch of Carbon Management Challenge; and an anticipated Biden vs Trump showdown. The recent G7, IMF and World Bank gatherings also come under the hosts scrutiny. Our interview this week is with two formidable and fantastic women: (Mama) Mary Robinson (Chair of the Elders) and Hafsat Abiola, (President, Women in Africa (WIA) Initiative), who together have launched Project Dandelion, an incredible initiative that has grown out of the Connected Women Leaders network. Finally, we play a brief clip featuring Mary Robinson taken from a short film entitled How Do We Get the World Off Fossil Fuels Quickly and Fairly? This film, recently made and released by our fantastic friends and partners over at TED Countdown serves as the second installment of their brilliant TED Countdown Dilemma Series. Be sure to watch the many varied viewpoints offered by an impressive line-up of guests here.   NOTES AND RESOURCES    Mary Robinson, Chair of The Elders  Instagram | Facebook | Website | Twitter | YouTube   Hafsat Abiola, President, Women in Africa (WIA) Initiative LinkedIn | Twitter | Instagram   Women in Africa (WIA) Initiative Instagram | LinkedIn | Facebook | Website | Twitter | YouTube   Connected Women Leaders (CWL) and Project Dandelion LinkedIn | Twitter TED Countdown  Website | Instagram | Twitter   WATCH: TED Countdown Dilemma Series How Do We Get the World Off Fossil Fuels Quickly and Fairly   NEWSLETTER: Subscribe! Prince? Tzeporah? Shredding? —-> It will all make sense.   To learn more about our planet's climate emergency and how you can transform outrage into optimistic action subscribe to the podcast here.   AND - The Environmental Music Prize is BACK for 2023! YOU can take climate action by watching music videos and voting for your favourites to win the $20,000AUD prize!   Go here to vote:  Environmental Music Prize Instagram | LinkedIn | Facebook | Website   Learn more about the Paris Agreement.   It's official, we're a TED Audio Collective Podcast - Proof! Check out more podcasts from The TED Audio Collective   Please follow us on social media! Twitter | Instagram | LinkedIn

House Speaker Kevin McCarthy released a plan to raise the debt ceiling by $1.5 trillion or suspend it until March 31, 2024, whichever occurs first. The proposal includes repealing several green energy tax incentives established under Democrats' Inflation Reduction Act. It would also enact the GOP's partisan energy bill that passed the House last month. POLITICO's Josh Siegel breaks down why the GOP is linking the debt ceiling fight to energy policy and how their plan could lay the groundwork for serious energy negotiations. Plus, President Joe Biden pledged $1 billion to the United Nations' Green Climate Fund. The move aims to bolster US credibility after former President Donald Trump and congressional Republicans previously zeroed out U.S. contributions for the program.   Kelsey Tamborrino is a reporter covering clean energy. Josh Siegel is an energy reporter for POLITICO.  Nirmal Mulaikal is a POLITICO audio host-producer. Brook Hayes edited this POLITICO energy podcast. Jenny Ament is the executive producer of POLITICO's audio department.

Matt and Nick talk about the EPA's move to limit PFAS in drinking water for the first time ever (EPA To Limit PFAS 'Forever Chemicals' in Drinking Water | Time),Earth projected to reach a critical climate threshold within the next decade unless immediate action taken (World on 'thin ice' as UN climate report gives stark warning | AP News),The Green Climate Fund approving financing for Herencia Colombia (https://www.worldwildlife.org/press-releases/green-climate-fund-approves-financing-for-herencia-colombia),A tick-borne illness on the rise as temperatures warm (https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/16/health/babesiosis-tick-disease-northeast.html?smtyp=cur&smid=tw-nytimesscience),Earlier and longer annual allergy seasons (Allergy season is starting earlier and lasting longer. Here's how to manage the pollen onslaught | CNN),And Albania has established Europe's first wild river national park (‘Historic moment' for nature as Europe's first wild river national park announced in Albania | Rivers | The Guardian)! Make sure to check out our sponsor for today's episode at Vala Alta and use promo code “TPT” for 15% off.

FASKIANOS: Thank you, and welcome to today's session of the Winter/Spring 2023 CFR Academic Webinar series. I'm Irina Faskianos, vice president of the National Program and Outreach at CFR. Today's discussion is on the record and the video and transcript will be available on our website CFR.org/Academic if you would like to share it with your colleagues or classmates. As always, CFR takes no institutional positions on matters of policy. We're delighted to have Arunabha Ghosh with us to discuss climate compensation and cooperation. Dr. Ghosh is an internationally recognized public policy expert, author, columnist, and institution builder. He's the founder and CEO of the Council on Energy, Environment, and Water. He previously worked at Princeton University, the University of Oxford, the UN Development Program, and the World Trade Organization. He's also contributed to the creation of the International Solar Alliance and was a founding board member of the Clean Energy Access Network, and he currently serves on the government of India's G20 Finance Track Advisory Group, has co-chaired the World Economic Forum's Global Future Council on Clean Air, and is a member of the Climate Crisis Advisory Group and on the board of directors of the ClimateWorks Foundation. And he is joining us—it is, I think, after 11:00 p.m. where he is, so we appreciate your doing this so late your time. So, Dr. Ghosh, thank you very much for being with us today. We saw in November a historic climate compensation fund approved at the UN climate talks. It would be great if you could give an overview of what it means to compensate developing countries for losses and damages caused by climate change, as well as share your recommendations for how countries can more effectively cooperate on such efforts and maybe the interplay between mitigation, adaptation, and compensation—how are we attacking all of these things. So over to you. GHOSH: Well, good day to everyone out there. It's good evening at my end. It's nearing up on midnight. But thank you, Irina, for having me as part of this conversation and thank you to the Council on Foreign Relations. I think the way you framed it right at the end is really the way to start—how does mitigation, adaptation, and compensation all come together? Before I dive into the specific issue of loss and damage I want to just up front state for those listening in that I see climate change and the responses to climate change as not one market failure but at least three market failures that we are simultaneously trying to solve for. The first market failure is that climate risks are nonlinear in nature and, therefore, we don't have the normal approaches to insuring ourselves against climate risks. You can predict the probability of an earthquake of a certain intensity in a particular region without predicting an exact time of an earthquake but you can actually insure it by looking at the averages. But you can't do that with climate risk because the risks that we face today is less than the risks that you will face in 2030 and then it will exponentially rise in 2050. So your normal approaches towards insurance don't work. That's market failure number one. Market failure number two is, put very simply, money does not flow where the sun shines the most. We have a severe problem of climate-related investment in absolute terms not being sufficient globally and in relative terms significantly insufficient, especially in the regions where you actually have very good natural resources, particularly sunshine, for solar power, and the very same regions where sustainable infrastructure needs to be built between the tropics where countries continue to be developing and need to raise their per capita incomes. The third market failure is that even as we move towards or at least expend efforts towards moving to a more sustainable planet, we haven't really cracked the code on how do we narrow the technology gap rather than widen it. And this matters because, ultimately, the response to climate change, while it's a global collective action problem, because it is nationally situated it does raise concerns about national competitiveness, about industrial development, about access to technology and, of course, the rules that will—that would embed our moves towards a more free and more sustainable marketplace at a global level. And if we cannot crack the code on how technologies are developed and technologies are diffused and disseminated then it will continue to serve as a hindrance towards doubling down on developing the clean-tech technologies of tomorrow. So it's against this backdrop of multiple market failures that we have to understand where this whole loss and damage story comes through. Loss and damage has been discussed for decades, actually, in the climate negotiations. It was put formally on the agenda in 2007. But it was only at COP27 in Sharm el-Sheikh in Egypt that there was finally an agreement amongst all the negotiating parties that a loss and damage financing facility would be set up. Now, what is loss and damage itself? Is it the same as adaptation? Clearly, not. It refers to the adverse impacts that vulnerable communities and countries face as a result of a changing climate including the increase in incidence and intensity of natural disasters and extreme weather events, as well as the slow onset of temperature increase, sea level rise, and desertification. So it's not just the hurricane that comes and slams on the coast. It's also repeated rounds of drought which might be impacting smallholder farmers in another part of the world. Now, adapting to a changing climate is different from compensating for the damages that you're facing and that is why there was this call for a separate financing facility for loss and damage. Now, this is the agreement thus far but it's not—it's not a done deal yet. What the decision did was basically said there will be now a transition committee developed dedicated to loss and damage with equal representation for rich and poor countries, and so on and so forth, but that transition committee would then have to figure out the funding arrangements, the institutional arrangements, where would this money sit, figure out how alternative sources of funding would come through only through existing mechanisms and ensure that it all gets delivered by COP28, which will be held in the UAE later this year. Now, my belief is that a political decision, while it's a strong signal, it's only, you know, just—you're just getting off the blocks and several other building blocks will be needed to make this work properly. Number one, we will need a much more granular understanding of hyperlocal climate risk. Today, if you wanted to buy a house in Florida, for instance, there's a high chance that there will be a neighborhood by neighborhood understanding of flooding risk, hurricane risk, et cetera, which is then priced into the insurance premiums that you had to pay for purchasing that property. But in many other parts of the world, when you look at climate models they treat entire countries as single pixels, which is not good enough. My own organization, CEEW, has trying to develop the first high-resolution climate risk atlas for India, a country of a billion and a half people. We now have a district-level vulnerability index looking at exposure to natural disasters sensitivity based on the economic configuration of that district and the adaptive capacity of the local communities and the administration. Based on that then we can say where do you need to double down on your efforts to build resilience. But that kind of effort is needed across the developing world in order to actually understand what it means to climate-proof communities and what it means to actually understand the scale of the problem that loss and damage financing facility will have to address. The second thing that has to happen is more development of attribution science. What is attribution science? Basically, a bad thing happens and then you figure out using the latest science how much of that bad thing happened because of the changed climate. Now, here's the problem. Only about—about less than 4 percent of global climate research spending is dedicated, for instance, to Africa but nearly 80 percent of that spending is actually spent in Europe and North America. So what I'm trying to say is that even as we try to build out attribution science we need a lot more capacity that has to be built in the Global South to understand not just global climate models but be able to downscale them in a way that we're able to understand what the next hurricane, the next flooding event, the next cyclone means in terms of the impacts of climate change. The third thing that has to happen is something called Early Warning Systems Initiative. Basically, the idea—it was unveiled at COP27—is to ensure that every person is protected by early warning systems within the next five years or so. So the next time a tsunami is coming you're not reacting after the fact but you're able to actually send out information well in advance. I'll give you an example. In 1999 a big cyclone—super cyclone—hit an eastern state of India, Odisha, and about ten thousand lives were lost. A huge effort was put in for early warning systems subsequently along with building storm shelters, et cetera. So twenty years later when a similar sized cyclone hit the same state in 2019 less than a hundred lives were lost. Ten thousand versus a hundred. So this is the scale of impact that properly designed early warning systems can do to save lives and save livelihoods. And, finally, of course, we have to build more resilient infrastructure. So the next bridge that is being built, the next airport that is being built, the next bridge that is being built, or a highway that's being built, all of that is going to get impacted by rising climate risks. So how do you bring in more resilient infrastructure? There's something called the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure that India has promoted. It has about thirty-five countries as members already and many multilateral institutions. It itself has started a program on infrastructure for resilient island states—for the small island states. So what I'm trying to tell you here is that the loss and damage—when we talk about compensation it's not just the monetary resources that are needed. There's a lot of technical resources needed to do the hyperlocal climate risk assessment, the infrastructure that is needed to do early warning initiatives, the scientific capability that is needed for attribution science, and the sort of organizational administration capability at a district level but also all the way at an international level. If all of that comes together then maybe we have a better architecture rather than just an announcement around compensation. But that just solves or begins to solve the first market failure. Let me maybe pause there and we can use the rest of the hour to talk about this and the other market failures I highlighted. FASKIANOS: Fantastic. Thank you so much. It really is daunting what needs to happen for sure in all the three market failures. We want to go now to all of you for your questions. You all should know how to do this. You can click the “Raise Hand” icon on your screen to ask a question. On an iPad or a Tablet click the “More” button to access the raise hand feature and when you're called upon accept the unmute prompt and state your name and affiliation and your question. Please keep it brief. And you can also write a written question in the Q&A box and, please, you can vote for questions that you like but if you do write a question it would be great if you could include your affiliation along with your name so that it gives us context. So the first question I'm going to take we'll go to Morton Holbrook. Morton, please identify yourself. Q: Hi. I'm Morton Holbrook at Kentucky Wesleyan College in Owensboro, Kentucky. Thanks, Dr. Ghosh, for your presentation. I confess I haven't paid enough attention to COP27. Can you enlighten me as to what the United States committed to and, more importantly, whether the Democratic bill—the bill passed in Congress in December was able to add—actually commit funds to the loss and damage project? GHOSH: Should I answer that, Irina, or are you taking a bunch of questions at a time? FASKIANOS: No, I think it's better to take one at a time— GHOSH: One at a time? OK. FASKIANOS: —so we can have more in-depth— GHOSH: Sure. Sure. Thank you, Morton. Well, the decision on loss and damage was agreed to by all the member states negotiating at COP27. But, as I said earlier, this only suggests the setting up of a financing facility. How it's going to be funded is yet to be determined. Will this be a reallocation of overseas development assistance that is redirected towards loss and damage or is this new money that's put on the table? All of that has to be decided. In fact, the developed countries did take a position that some of the larger developing countries that are big emitters should also contribute towards this loss and damage financing facility. Of course, on the other side the argument is that these are also the countries that are continuing to be vulnerable. So there is a difference now that is coming up in the conversation around loss and damage around vulnerability versus developing in the sense that even emerging economies could be vulnerable to climate change, whereas developing countries might be poorer than emerging economies that are also vulnerable to climate change but in some cases might not be as vulnerable. So the focus is actually on vulnerability in terms of the exposure to climate risks and, as I said earlier, the sensitivity of the communities and the economic systems. Now, with regards to the U.S. legislation, I am not sure of the legislation you're referring to for December. The one I'm aware of is the Inflation Reduction Act that was passed prior to COP27. But if there is something specifically that you're referring to that was passed through Congress in December then I'm not aware of it. FASKIANOS: OK. Let's go to Clemente Abrokwaa. Q: Thank you. Can you hear me? FASKIANOS: We can. Q: Oh, good. Thank you, Dr. Ghosh. Very interesting your explanation or discussion. I'm from Penn State University and I have two short questions for you. One is base compensation. How would you monitor that? If you give a bunch of money or a lot of money to a country, especially those in the third world societies, third world countries, how would you monitor where it goes? Who controls the funding or the money? And I have a reason for—reasons for asking that question. And the second is I was a little surprised about the—what you said about the 80 percent of the money given to Africa is spent in Europe, unless I got you wrong. Yeah, so those—why should that be if that's true? GHOSH: So let me answer the second question first. That is, I was referring to climate—global climate research spending that happens. Of all the global climate research spending that happens less than 4 percent is dedicated to climate research on Africa. But that climate research 80 percent of that less than 4 percent is actually spent in research institutions in Europe and North America. So it wasn't about money going to Africa for climate. It's about the climate modeling research that goes on. So the point I was trying to make there was that we need to build up more climate research capacity in the Global South, not just in Africa and Asia and South America and so forth, in order to become better at that attribution science when it's related to the extreme weather events but also to understand in a more localized way the pathways for more climate-friendly economic development pathways. For instance, my institution CEEW, when we did net zero modeling for India we were looking at multiple different scenarios for economic development, for industrial development, for emissions, for equity, for jobs impact, et cetera, because we were able to contextualize the model for what it meant for a country like India, and now we're doing similar—we've downscaled our model now to a state level because India is a continent-sized country. So that's the point I was trying to make there. With regards to how to monitor the compensation, now, I want to make two points here. Number one is that, of course, if any money is delivered it should be monitored, I mean, in the sense that it's—transparency leads to better policy and better actions as a principle. But we should be careful not to conflate compensation for damages caused with development assistance. Let me give an analogy. Suppose there is—someone inadvertently rams their car into my garage and damages my house. Now, I will get a compensation from that person. Now, whether I go and repair my garage or whether I go on a holiday as such should not matter because what matters is that the damage was caused and I was due compensation. That's different from my neighbor coming and saying, I see that your garage, perhaps, needs some repair. Let me be a good neighbor and give you some money and help you rebuild your garage. In that case, it would be unethical for me to take that money and go on holiday. So there is a difference between compensation for loss and damage and money delivered for development assistance. However, I want to reiterate that once that money reaches any—whether it's a developing country government or a subnational government there should be—there should be mechanisms put in place for transparently monitoring where that money is going. That should be reported whether it's in a—I have often argued for climate risk assessments to be—annually reported at a national level. So the expenditure on all of this should also be reported. That should be tabled in a country's parliament. So I think it's important to use democratic processes to ensure that monies are deployed for where they are meant to be. But it should not be a reason that if I cause you damage, I will not pay you unless I think you are good enough to receive my money. No, I caused you damage. I owe you money. That is the basic principle of loss and damage. FASKIANOS: Thank you. I'm going to go next to Lindsey McCormack, raised hand. Q: Hi. I would love to hear your thoughts on lessons from the successful response to Cyclone Fani in 2019. I believe you mentioned it was over a million people were evacuated in India and Bangladesh, saving many lives. You know, I am a student at Baruch College in New York and you probably saw that terrible blizzard upstate. People were stranded and died. And I was just comparing their response capacity and the preparedness in that situation versus in the cyclone where you have over a million people moved out of harm's way. I'm really interested to hear what goes behind making that kind of preparation possible. GHOSH: Well, thanks for the question, Lindsey. This is extremely important. I think what happened—before I talk about Cyclone Fani let me go back again twenty years. There was the super cyclone in 1999 and then just a few years later there was also the tsunami in 2004 and, of course, there have been natural disasters from time to time. In fact, between 1990 and 2005 there were about 200-odd extreme weather events that we faced in India. But since 2005, we've already faced well over three hundred. The frequency of extreme cyclones has gone up 3X between the 1980s and now. So there is this constant need, obviously, to upgrade your systems but that investment that was put in in early warning systems at a sort of regional scale using satellites, using ground sensors in the sea, et cetera, help to monitor and help to predict when—the movement of cyclones' landfall and so forth. Along with that is—has been a lot of local administration capacity building of how do you then get this word out and how do you work with local communities. So there are, for instance, again, Odisha women run self-help groups who have become managers of storm shelters so when the community voices are telling people to get out of harm's way it has, perhaps, more social capital attached to it. In another part of the country in a hilly state in Uttar Pradesh—Uttarakhand, I'm sorry—there is a community-run radio station that sends out information about forest fires and things like that. The third thing has been around the rebuilding. So saving of lives is one thing but saving livelihoods is another critical issue and that's why it's not just getting people out of harm's way but often, for—the early warning helps to get livestock out of harm's way as well because, you know, for a small marginal farmer losing their cattle itself becomes a major loss of livelihood. So these are ways in which there have been attempts to ensure that the scientific or the technical capacity building is married with the social capital and the local administrative capital. But that does not mean that this is consistently done all the time. It's all work in progress and a lot more needs to be done in terms of the coverage of—and that's why this Early Warning Systems Initiative that was talked about in COP27 is important because you've got to—I mean, we, again, are working with some private sector entities that provide early warning systems for hundreds of millions of people. So how do their—how do our ground-level data and their sort of AI-based kind of modeling capacity marry together to offer those services to much larger numbers of people, literally, in the hundreds of millions. So it's very important that this becomes—and since the title of this conversation is about climate compensation and cooperation I would argue that this is a no regrets approach towards bridging the North and the South. 2022 has demonstrated that a long-held assumption that the rich would escape and the poor would somehow adapt is kind of gone. You know, we've all been slammed with extreme events and I think, of course, there will be positions on which the North and the South and the East and the West will be on different sides of the table. But building a resilience against nonlinear climate risk is a no regrets approach on which we could certainly be cooperating. FASKIANOS: Thank you. I'm going to take a written question from Caden Hicks, who is at Lewis University. Of the 197 nations involved in these annual conferences of the parties when wealthy and powerful nations such as the United States and China do not meet their pledges are there any consequences for them? If they decide to drop their participation in this council how would they—what would the consequences be? GHOSH: This is at the heart of the climate problem. I talked about three market failures and there is one political failure, which is that we don't have an accountability mechanism, so to speak, that can hold everyone to account, the largest polluters but also everybody else. And that's why the climate regime is different from the trade regime, which has a dispute settlement mechanism, or the international financial regime where you have annual surveillance of what you're doing in managing your fiscal deficit, for instance. So when it comes to holding actors to account, I see that we need to make efforts both within the FCCC framework and with outside. Within the FCCC framework, the Article Fifteen of the Paris Agreement is something that can be leveraged more to ensure that the Compliance Committee has greater powers, that those that are not compliant are able to then—for instance, in Article Six, which has yet to be operationalized in terms of internationally trading of carbon credits, if you are not compliant with your domestic nationally determined contributions, then Article Thirteen compliance should demand that you have to buy more carbon credits than otherwise would have been possible. That's one idea. The second is that the—and I've written about this recently—that we need to stop making the COPs just platforms for announcing new initiatives, that every alternate COP should be designed as an accountability COP, which means that we come there and we report not just on what we are emitting and automating in terms of the biannual update reviews, but have a genuine peer review conversation as it happens in many other international regimes. Right now no one asks tough questions and no one answers tough questions. So it's—I mean, I said this quite publicly at—in Sharm el-Sheikh that, unfortunately, the COPs have become mutual admiration societies. Every year we come and make announcements. We form some initiatives. We say something will happen on methane, something will happen on finance, something will happen on agriculture and forests. And the next year we come and make new announcements. We never really ask what happened to the announcement you made twelve months ago. So how do we shift from being mutual admiration societies to mutual accountability societies? But beyond the COP process I think there are two other ways in which parties can be held to account. Number one is domestic legislatures and domestic courts. It's important that the pledges that are being made are legislated upon at a national level so that parliaments can hold executives to account, and if that is not happening then you can go to court and hold your governments to account. But, equally, it's not just about state parties. There are the nonstate actors. And last year I also served on the UN secretary-general's high-level expert group on net-zero commitments of nonstate entities, which means the corporations that are promising to get to net zero, or the cities and the states and the regions that are promising to get to net zero, and we laid out some clear principles on what it would mean to claim that you're headed towards net zero. Where are your plans? Where are your interim targets? Where are your financing strategies? How is this linked to your consumer base so you're not just looking at scope one or scope two but also scope three emissions. So there are ways in which then the shareholders and the consumers of products and services of corporations can hold them to account. It's a much more complicated world. But in the absence of the FCCC haven't been able to deliver genuine compliance. We've got to get creative in other ways. FASKIANOS: I'm going to go next to Stephen Kass, who has raised his hand. Also wrote a question but I think it'd be better if you just shared it yourself. Q: I'm an adjunct professor at Brooklyn Law School and at NYU Center on Global Affairs. As you know, COP27 included these remarkable but belated obligations to make payments but without any enforceable mechanism or a specific set of commitments. Some years ago the New York City Bar Association proposed an international financial transaction tax on all transfers of money globally with the proceeds dedicated to climate adaptation. This would not be intended to replace the COP27 obligations but I wonder how you feel about that proposal. GHOSH: This is, again, a very interesting question, Stephen, because the need to be creative of—about different sources of money that can capitalize a loss and damage financing facility or an adaptation financing facility is absolutely essential because governments—I mean, we recognize that governments have limited fiscal resources and it has become harder and harder to get any money—real money—put on the table when it comes to the pledges that have been made. So I have recently been appointed to a group of economists that are looking at this issue. There is this approach, of course, of taxing financial transactions. There is another idea around taxing barrels of oil. Even a single dollar on a barrel of oil can capitalize a huge amount of fund. There are other ways, taxing aviation or the heavy kind of—heavy industries that—you know, shipping, aviation, et cetera. Then there are approaches towards leveraging the special drawing rights (SDRs) on the International Monetary Fund, which are basically a basket of currencies that can then be used to capitalize a—what I've called a global resilience reserve fund. So you don't make any payout right now from your treasuries but you do use the SDRs to build up the balance sheet of a resilience fund, which then pays out when disasters above a certain threshold hit. So these are certainly different ways in which we have to be thinking about finding the additional resources. See, when it comes to mitigation—this goes back to Irina's very first point—when it comes to mitigation there is—at least it's claimed there are tens of trillions of dollars of private investment just waiting to be deployed and that brings me to that second market failure that I referred to, that despite those tens of trillions of dollars waiting to be deployed, money does not flow where the sun shines the most. But when you pair it with, say, adaptation, let me give you an example. India has the largest deployment of solar-based irrigation pumps and it plans to deploy millions of solar-based irrigation pumps so you're not using diesel or coal-based electricity to pump water for agriculture. Now, is a solar-based irrigation pump a mitigation tool or is it an adaptation tool or is it a resilience tool? I would say it's all of the above. But if we can define that through the International Solar Alliance, it's actually trying to also fund the deployment of solar-based irrigation in sub-Saharan Africa as well. So the point I'm trying to make here is if we can find ways to aggregate projects, aggregate demand, and reduce that delta between perceived risk and real risk, we can lower the cost of finance and drive private investment into mitigation-cum-adaptation projects. But when it comes to pure compensation, the kind that we are talking about when it comes to loss and damage, disaster relief, et cetera—especially when climate shocks have compounding effects—that you're not just doing an after the event, you know, pitching a tent to house the displaced population, but we're building in real resilience against even the slow onset of the climate crisis, in some aspects. Then we have to get a lot more creative about the resources because private resources are not flowing there and traditional kind of vanilla-style public resources don't seem to be available. So your idea is very much one of those that should be considered. FASKIANOS: So I'm going to take a written question from Allan Victor Cortes, who's an undergrad at Lewis University: To what extent do you believe that small motivated groups can truly make a global impact on the climate scene? What incentivizes larger bodies, be it states or multinational corporations, to listen to these collaborations of small governments or firms and their proposed environmental solutions? GHOSH: This is a very interesting question because it has a normative dimension to it and an instrumental dimension to it. The normative dimension—I was having another public event just yesterday where we were talking about this—is what is the value—when you're faced with a planetary crisis what is the value of individual or small group action? The value, of course, is that there is agency because when we talk about, say, lifestyle changes, and India announced this national mission called Mission LiFE in October in the presence of the UN secretary-general—Lifestyle for Environment—the idea was how do you nudge behavior, to nudge behavior towards sustainable practices, sustainable consumption, sustainable mobility, sustainable food. You can think about creating awareness. You can think about giving more access to those products and services and, of course, it has to be affordable. But there is a fourth A, which is that it only works when individuals and communities take ownership or have agency over trying to solve the problem. But that is one part of the story. But there is an instrumental dimension to it, which is what I call the enabling of markets beyond just the nudging of individual or small group behavior. So, again, let me give an example of—from India but which is applicable in many other parts of the world. It is the use of distributed renewable energy. Now, distributed renewable energy is smaller in scale, smaller in investment size, even less on the radar of large institutional investors, and yet has many other benefits. It makes your energy system more resilient. It actually creates many more jobs. We calculate that you create—you get seven times more jobs per megawatt hour of distributed renewables or rooftop solar compared to large-scale solar, which creates more jobs than natural gas, which creates more jobs than coal, and it is able to drive local livelihoods. So we mapped this out across India of how distributed renewables could drive livelihoods in rural areas whether it's on-farm applications or off-farm applications, small food processing units, textile units, milk chilling and cold chain units, and so on and so forth, and we were baffled when we realized or we calculated that the market potential is more than $50 billion. In sub-Saharan Africa the market potential of solar-based irrigation is more—about $12 billion. So then suddenly what seems like really small individual efforts actually scales up to something much larger. Now, if we can figure out ways to warehouse or aggregate these projects and de-risk them by spreading those risks across a larger portfolio, are able to funnel institutional capital into a—through that warehousing facility into a large—a portfolio of a number of small projects, if we are able to use that money to then enable consumer finance as has been announced in today's national budget in India, then many things that originally seemed small suddenly begin to gain scale. So we, as a think tank, decided to put our own hypothesis to the test. So we evaluated more than one hundred startups, selected six of them, paired up with the largest social enterprise incubator in the country, and are now giving capital and technical assistance to six startups using distributed renewables for livelihoods. Within two and a half years we've had more than thirteen thousand technology deployments, 80 percent of the beneficiaries have been women who have gone on to become micro entrepreneurs, and India is the first country in the world that's come out with a national policy on the use of distributed renewables for livelihood activities. So the normative value is certainly there about agency. But the instrumental value of converting that agency into aggregated action is also something that we should tap into. FASKIANOS: Thank you. I'm going to go next to Tombong Jawo, if you could ask your question—it also got an up vote—and identify yourself, please. Let's see. You have to unmute yourself. You're still muted. OK. We're working on that. I'm going to take a quick question from Mark Bucknam, who's the chair of Department of Security Studies at the National War College. What is the best source for statistics on how much money is being spent on climate research? GHOSH: There are multiple sources depending on where you—I mean, the study I was referring to came from a journal paper that was written by Indra Overland, “Funding Flows for Climate Change Research.” This was in the journal Climate and Development. But I would think that the IPCC—the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change—would probably have some estimates aggregated in terms of this and you could check there. But let me also check with my modeling teams to see if they have better sources and get back to you on this. FASKIANOS: Fantastic, and we will be sending out a link to this webinar—to the video and transcripts—so we can include sources in that follow-up. So since Tombong could not unmute I will ask the question. Tombong is an undergraduate student at Cavendish University Uganda. Climate compensation and cooperation is undoubtedly a step in the right direction if all stakeholders adhere to the laid down rules and regulations. However, what mechanisms are put in place to ensure that it gets to the people who matter the most and not diverted for political gains by politicians? GHOSH: I mean, this is similar to the question that Clemente asked earlier, and I understand and I think it's important now that we start thinking about what are the national-level efforts that would be needed to build in the monitoring of where the funds go and what kind of infrastructure is built. So you can do this at multiple levels and this, again, goes back to the first thing I said about loss and damage, that we need this hyperlocal assessment. Let's say a hundred thousand dollars have been given to a small country for resilience. Now, how you deploy that needs to be a conversation that first begins with the science. Now, where are you going to be impacted the most? What is the kind of climate risk that you're going to be impacted by? Is it a flooding risk? Is it coastal degradation? Is it crop loss? Is it water stress? Accordingly, the monies should be then apportioned. Once it's apportioned that way it should immediately get down to a much local-level kind of monitoring. That requires itself a combination of state-level reporting but I would argue also nonstate reporting. So, again, we spend a lot of our efforts as a nonprofit institution tracking not just emissions but also tracking how moneys are deployed, the scale of projects, where the projects are coming up. We do a lot of ground surveys ourselves. We do the largest survey in the world on energy access, that data that helps to inform the rollout of energy access interventions. We've now paired up with the largest rural livelihood missions in two of our largest states to ensure that this work around distributed energy and livelihoods and climate resilience is tied up with what the rural livelihood missions are promising at a state legislature level. So I think that it is very important that the science dictates the apportionment of the funds but that there is a combination of government reporting and nongovernment assessment to track the progress of these projects. Of course, with advanced technology—and, I mean, some have proposed blockchain and so forth—can also track individual transactions, whether it's reaching the person who was intended to be reached, and so on and so forth, and those kinds of mechanisms need to be developed regardless of this loss and damage financing facility. If we talk about offsets, all the activity in voluntary carbon markets that are going on, the level of rigor that is needed for when, so you're trying to offset your flight and saying, well, a tree is going to be planted in Indonesia for this long-haul flight that you're taking, how do you know that that tree truly was planted? And also if trust is broken then it's very hard to rebuild and that's why, again, I said earlier in answer to a different question that transparency has its own value in addition to improving the trust of the market. But it has its own value because it guides policy development and policy action and individual action in a far better way. FASKIANOS: Thank you. I'm going to go next to Charles Fraser, who has raised his hand. Q: You can hear me? FASKIANOS: We can now. Thank you. But identify yourself. I know you also wrote your question. So— Q: Sure. I'm a graduate student at the Princeton School of International Public Affairs. My question is about access to finance issues. The UNFCCC has produced—has decreed other climate funds in the past, the Green Climate Fund and the Adaptation Fund for example, and often beyond issues of how much money is mobilized to those funds issues about how recipients can access the funds is a prominent thing that's discussed. How do you think that the—this new fund on loss and damage can be set up to address those issues and, perhaps, demonstrate ways to get around those problems? GHOSH: Firstly, in the case of the loss and damage financing facility we should make sure that it is not designed as a development assistance fund because, as soon as you do that, then you get into all those other questions about is this—is this going to be spam, should we really send it there, are they really ready to receive the money, and then so on and so forth. It has to be a parameterized one in the sense that if certain shocks are hitting vulnerable communities and countries above a certain threshold it should be able to pay out and that's why that hyperlocal climate science and the attribution science is absolutely critical. On top of that it has to—you know, this is not an investment fund in the sense that this is not a fund manager that has to then see where do I get best returns, and is the project application good enough for me to invest in this, whether it's a mitigation project or adaptation project. No. This is a payout fund. So most of the effort for loss and damage financing facility, in my opinion—I don't sit on the—that technical steering committee that is designing it—but in my opinion most of the effort has to go in figuring out what was the vulnerability, what was the baseline, and how much about that baseline did the—was the damage caused and therefore how much has to be paid out. That is really where a lot of the effort has to go, and the second effort that has to go goes back to what Stephen Kass was suggesting in terms of alternative ways to capitalize this, because with rising climate risks we will quickly run out of money even if we were able to capitalize it with some amount of money today. So these two will have to be the basis and the governing board has to basically decide that is the science that is guiding our understanding of a particular event robust enough for us to make the payout. It should not be contingent and that's—it's the same as one, say, an investigator from an insurance company does before a payout is made for a house that's burned down. But if you keep the victim running around from pillar to post asking for the money that they deserve as compensation, then it will quickly lose legitimacy like many of the other funding schemes that have come out of the climate regime thus far. FASKIANOS: I'm going to take the last question from Connor Butler, who's at the University of Wisconsin Whitewater. In the near future do you see wealthy developed countries collaborating with poorer lesser-developed countries in order to build a resilience toward and combat climate change, or do you think that the North will always work together without involving the South? GHOSH: Connor, thank you for this question because this gives me a segue into my third market failure, which is should we build or are we building a sustainable planet which widens rather than narrows the technology divide. I analyzed about three dozen so-called technology-related initiatives emerging in the climate and energy space over the last decade and a half and there were only four that did any kind of real technology transfer and that to—none at scale. Basically, what happens is when you talk about technology, when you talk about cooperation on new technologies, usually these initiatives get stopped at, you know, organizing a conference and you talk about it. Sometimes you put in a—there's a joint research project that begins. Very few times there's a pilot project that actually you can physically see on the ground, and almost never does it get used at scale. So I have been increasingly arguing for technology co-development rather than technology transfer, because it's a fool's errand to hope that the technology will be transferred. Now, why is technology co-development important not just from the point of view of Global South? It's important from the point of view of Global North as well. Let's take something like green hydrogen. It is a major new thrust in many economies. The U.S. Inflation Reduction Act provides a $3 subsidy for production of green hydrogen. India has just announced the largest green hydrogen mission in the world aiming to produce 5 million tons of green algae by 2030. But green hydrogen is not just—it's not easy to just take water and split it. You need a lot of energy. To make that—to split the water you need electrolyzers. For that, you need critical minerals. You need membranes that are developed in certain places. You need manufacturing capabilities that can build this out at scale. I mean, India alone will need 40 (gigawatts) to 60 gigawatts of electrolyzers by the end of the decade. So, ultimately, if we have to build a cleaner energy system and a cleaner economic system we will actually have to move away from islands of regulation towards a more interdependent resilient supply chain around clean energy and climate-friendly technologies. So rather than think of this as a handout to the Global South, I think it makes more sense—and I can talk about batteries, critical minerals, solar panels, wind turbines, green hydrogen, electric vehicles—and you will see again and again we are actually mapping economy by economy where strengths, weaknesses lie and how the complementarities come together. We can see that this technology co-development can become a new paradigm for bridging the North and the South rather than technology transfer being a chasm between the North and the South. FASKIANOS: I think that's a good place to conclude, especially since it is so late there. This was a fantastic conversation. We really appreciate your being with us, Dr. Ghosh, and for all the questions. I apologize to all of you. We could not get to them all. We'll just have to have you back. And I want to commend Dr. Ghosh's website. It is CEEW.in. So that is the Council on Energy, Environment, and Water website and you can find, I believe, a lot of the studies that you're talking about and your papers there. So if people want to dig in even further they should go there, also follow you on Twitter at—oh, my goodness. I need—I need—I think it's midnight here. GHOSH: So ghosharunabha. It's my last name and my first name—at @ghosharunabha FASKIANOS: Exactly. Right. So thank you again for doing this. We really appreciate it. The next Academic Webinar will be on Wednesday, February 15, at 1:00 p.m. Eastern Time with Margaret O'Mara, who is at the University of Washington, and we will be talking about big tech and global order. So, again, thank you, and if you want to learn about CFR paid internships for students and fellowships you don't have to be in New York or Washington. We do have virtual internships as well. You should please reach out to us, and we also have fellowships for professors. You can go to CFR.org/Careers and do follow us at @CFR_Academic and come to CFR.org, ForeignAffairs.com, and ThinkGlobalHealth.org for research and analysis on global issues. So, again, Dr. Ghosh, thank you very much for today's conversation and to all of you for joining us. GHOSH: Thank you, Irina. Thank you, CFR. Thank you very much. (END)

Tim Ward is an author, publisher, communications expert and itinerant philosopher. He has a lifelong fascination with the process of transformation, both personal and social. Tim has written ten books on topics as wide ranging as What the Buddha Never Taught (about the time he spent living in a Buddhist Monastery), and The Master Communicator's Handbook. As co-owner of Intermedia Communications Training, he works with global environmental and development organizations like the World Wildlife Fund, the Green Climate Fund, the World Bank and the IMF, helping them communicate their complex messages more clearly. As publisher of Changemakers Books, Tim has published over 100 books by more than 80 authors on transformation, including many books on sustainability, climate change, social justice, and creating a better future. Currently, Tim and his wife Teresa are digital nomads, living, working and traveling in Europe. You can find Tim's travel blog on Medium.com.   Tim's company is on Facebook,   The songs picked by all our guests can be found via  our playlist #walktalklisten here.  Please let me/us know via our email innovationhub@cwsglobal.org what you think about this new series. We would love to hear from you.   Please like/follow our Walk Talk Listen podcast and follow @mauricebloem on twitter and instagram.  Or check us out on our website 100mile.org.  We also encourage you to check out the special WTL series Enough for All about an organization called CWS.   This episode was made possible by the support of an organization called CWS.  You want to be a part of movement? Well, sign up to become a sustaining partner. As a Sustaining Partner, you can make a difference in the world – automatically, every month. Sustaining Partners  commit to a hopeful future by making compassion a part of their monthly budget. It could mean new systems to manage precious resources like water. Or diversified ways of earning a living that make people more resilient. For as little as $10 a month, you can transform lives. Go to Www.cwsglobal.org/sustain

Abdul Ghani and his extended family fled to the roof of a nearby girls' school in August when the floodwaters came to his town in southern Pakistan's Sindh province. His family was still there two weeks later, without tents or any other shelter, when waves whipped up in the floodwaters destroyed their house.“Our hearts sank,” Ghani said from the sun-scorched school roof, where the one remaining room of his home is still visible and surrounded by water. “The house that was our shelter, our children's home, was destroyed.”Ghani, a mason, built the nine-room home in a small farming town in the Dadu district himself. He lived there with his wife and three kids, along with his seven brothers and their families. Heer Mallah with her children Zulgar Non, 5, Zakia, 3, and Aurong Zeb, 1. Credit: Carolyn Beeler/The World Unprecedented rains in Pakistan that began in mid-June led to flooding that impacted 33 million people and killed more than 1,700 others, causing an estimated $30 million in damages and economic losses.Some two months after the rains stopped, 7,000 square miles of land in Sindh are still submerged under water.Five million of the 8 million people displaced by the floods are still unable to return home.Paying for damagesThe question of who should pay for damages like these wrought by climate-fueled disasters has been one of the most contentious issues at the UN climate summit this month in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, with Pakistan's floods a focal point of discussions.“We are paying the price for other people's carbon usage,” said Sherry Rehman, Pakistan's climate minister, who is at the summit. In recent months, she's often cited the statistic that Pakistan has contributed far less than 1% of the world's greenhouse gas emissions, even though it's among those bearing the brunt of the consequences.Pakistan is leading a negotiating bloc of 134 developing countries in calling for a dedicated pot of money to be established for “loss and damage” funding.“Countries on the frontline of the climate crisis are facing accelerated catastrophes, and are not getting the relief and rehabilitation funding they need,” Rehman said.For decades, developed countries have resisted calls for direct climate aid, partially out of fear of exposing themselves to claims of financial or legal liability, not to mention the complexities of defining which damages should be included.In the floods in Pakistan, for example, it's difficult to tease out how much climate change contributed to the estimated $30 million in damages and economic losses. What used to be a road in Pakistan's Sindh province before it was inundated by floodwaters. Credit: Carolyn Beeler/The World Warming contributed to the torrential rains that triggered these floods. An attribution study published by an international group of scientists in September found that rainfall in Sindh and neighboring Balochistan is 50% more intense now than it would have been without climate change.But the researchers say that other factors also drove the damages, including development on flood plains, inadequate infrastructure, an outdated river management system, high poverty rates and a lack of adequate early warning systems.Early momentum at COP27For the first time, this year, countries have started to volunteer funds specifically for losses and damages. Several European countries, along with New Zealand, announced tens of millions of dollars in aid in the first week of the summit. Also for the first time, negotiators at the climate summit have a mandate to discuss an official mechanism for loss and damage funding through the UN, “with a view to adopting a conclusive decision no later than 2024.It's not yet clear what shape any funding will take.Developed countries want to discuss options for funding at COP27 and decide on a solution by 2024. Developing countries want to agree to a loss and damage fund this year, and hammer out the operational details until 2024, when it would then go into effect.US climate envoy John Kerry said “not a lot of people want to sign off on something that is not yet fully defined.”“The well-known fact is that the United States and many other countries will not establish some sort of legal structure that is tied to compensation or liability,” Kerry added.The European Union's head of delegation, Jake Werksman, said last week that the negotiations aim to start a broad conversation, not focus on a single solution like a fund for losses and damages. The US and EU also favor funding to flow through existing programs and institutions, such as the International Monetary Fund or the Green Climate Fund.Insurance and disaster protectionThe G-7, meanwhile, spearheaded by Germany with a $173 million commitment, launched a “Global Shield” program on Monday, based on insurance and disaster protection for vulnerable countries.But developing countries insist that a loss and damage fund — not just insurance or loans, which would trap them in further debt — is essential, and must be agreed to this year.Proponents of such a fund argue that post-disaster aid, which currently seeks to address events like Pakistan's floods, comes at the whim of donors.So far, a UN appeal for Pakistan has brought in only a third of its goal, and that itself is only a fraction of the $16 billion the government estimates it will take to rebuild.“International aid is given for charity. Rich people feel bad that this event is happening in poor countries, and they give money,” said Saleemul Huq, a Bangladeshi scientist who's attended every UN climate summit and is a longtime adviser to the Least Developed Countries coalition.“Loss and damage is not that,” Huq added. “It is polluters taking responsibility for having caused the problem, recognizing that there are victims of the problem who they have the responsibility to help.”Meanwhile, aid that does follow disasters can be slow to arrive, exacerbating health and economic problems.Water-born illnesses spiked in Pakistan with the floods. Officials fear widespread increases of malnutrition — which impacted nearly 1 in 2 Pakistani children even before the floods — and upticks in child marriage rates.Back at the girls' school where Abdul Ghani now lives with five of his brothers and their families, it's hard to keep the kids out of the floodwaters.“We try to stop them, but they won't listen,” Heer Mallah, Ghani's wife, said while cooking stewed spinach and potatoes in the hallway of the school. Children from Abdul Ghani's own family and extended family play together in a courtyard in Pakistan. Credit: Carolyn Beeler/The World “The children are not healthy here,” she said. “But what can we do? We're helpless until we return home.”Her 5-year-old son has a persistent cough. He and his 3-year-old sister have malaria, with fevers that broke after more than a week.“We dream that our kids will get educated and become doctors. But how are they going to do that if they can't go to school?”Heer Mallah, Pakistani mother“We dream that our kids will get educated and become doctors,” Mallah said with a smile. “But how are they going to do that if they can't go to school?” Fatima Mullah, 12, shelters with her family in a classroom just a few doors down from where she used to study as a student. Credit: Carolyn Beeler/The World  Ghani's niece, 12-year-old Fatima Mallah, now sleeps in a classroom a few doors down from where she used to be in second grade. She likes playing with her cousins there, including gleeful games of tag in the school's courtyard, but she misses school.   “She cries and says, 'bring back my books,' but we can't, because we don't have money,” said her mother, Shaahzadi Mallah, sitting on a traditional wood and woven rope bed in the courtyard. “We can't even eat three meals, how can we buy books?”The family is down to two meals a day. The cow whose milk they used to sell is tied up in the school's courtyard, under a line of drying laundry. The cow's grazing land is flooded, so she's not producing enough milk for the family to sell.Most of the places where Abdul Ghani used to work as a mason are flooded, too. He recently bought nets to start fishing the floodwaters.Farmers are perhaps even worse off, as flooding ruined their rice crop for the year and, in many places, will prevent them from sowing wheat this month.In affected areas, pumps powered by tractor engines are working to “de-water” towns, which often means moving water to agriculture fields or other less populated areas. Pumps powered by tractor engines work to “de-water” flooded towns in Pakistan. Credit: Carolyn Beeler/The World Government and military officials are going door-to-door conducting damage assessments. Sindh's information minister Sharjeel Inam Memon said only when that's complete will money be distributed to help people rebuild.“Once the assessment figures come, then the rehabilitation work will start,” Memon said.Related: Loss and damage: Who is responsible when climate change harms the world's poorest countries?

In this wide-ranging, hard hitting discussion, Vijay Prashad explores the environmental crises we are facing today through a Marxist lens. At the heart of this discussion, Vijay highlights the failings of capitalism, with a particular focus on environmental externalities, and also critiques capitalism's impact on the development of the global south. Vijay believes a continuing colonial mindset is undermining the commitment to the “common but differentiated responsibilities” embedded in the Rio conference –-- and the subsequent stalling of the Green Climate Fund. Vijay takes inspiration from peoples' environmental summits such as the World People's Conference on Climate Change and the Rights of Mother Earth (2010), the People's World Conference on Climate Change and the Defence of Life (2015), and the People's Nature Forum (2020). As an activist, Vijay is inspired by the growing number of movements who are standing up for environmental and human rights –in South Africa, Chile, Columbia, in India—struggles that he hopes can be replicated in other parts of the world. Vijay Prashad is an Indian Marxist historian and commentator. He's an executive director of the Tri Continental Institute for Social Research, the chief editor of Left World Books, and a senior non-resident Fellow at Chongyang, Institute for financial studies in China. He has written more than 20 books, including "The Darker Nations" and "The Poorer Nations."  

SYNOPSIS:“The causes of #climatechange  are clear. Developed countries have appropriated the Earth's atmospheric space by emitting the vast majority of historical #greenhouse  gas emissions, while they only represent 20% of the world's population...The way to solve the #climatecrisis  in a fair, effective, and scientifically sound way is to honor #climatedebt .”This statement from the Universal Declaration for the Rights of Mother Earth, drafted at the People's Conference and hosted by former Bolivian President Evo Morales, echoes what has been a subject of discussion globally - Are the poor, developing and vulnerable nations owed climate reparations by the developed west?As climate change impacts accelerate, it can be expected that the costs and burdens of climate change will disproportionately impact those who have been rendered most vulnerable given the accumulated weight of history. Amongst the two facets of #climatejustice  - redistribution and corrective justice, the latter has been met with much opposition by the Global North. The developing countries argue that the rich nations, owing to historical opportunities, have had the lion's share in using resources to pursue economic growth and thereby contribute to unchecked global pollution. And thus, they have an obligation, not least to provide compensation for the high costs that #globalwarming  warming and climate change have already imposed on the developing and vulnerable nations.However, the Global North has consistently dismissed the suggestion, with the notion that the corrective justice argument conflates current generations with past generations. Another counterargument is that a full accounting of all the historical benefits accrued to the poor and developing countries due to the developed Global North may paint a completely different picture.While the proposed Green Climate Fund with its ambitious goals is yet to fully take off, time is running out for those who are positioned at the forefront against climate change. Urgent corrective action - reparations and restitution may well be the last hope for many threatened and vulnerable communities worldwide. Will the global leadership forge a consensus on the way ahead or will the ‘Polluter Pays Principle' remain limited to just lip service?SPEAKERS:1.Dr. Navroz K Dubash:  Professor at the Centre for Policy Research, where he conducts research and writes on climate change, energy, air pollution, water policy, and the politics of regulation in the developing world.   2. Dr. Benoit Mayer Associate Professor at the Faculty of Law of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK LAW). 3. Joe Thwaites International Climate Finance Advocate at the Natural Resources Defense Council.  4. Esther Stanford-Xosei Reparationist, Jurisconsult, Community Advocate, Educator, and an emerging Ourstorian of the International Social Movement for Afrikan Reparations.5. Stuti Mishra India correspondent for The Independent with a special focus on the climate crisis and economy.  DISCLAIMER:We invite thought leaders from across the ideological spectrum. The guests in ouExplore More at - www.argumentativeindians.comDISCLAIMER:We invite thought leaders from across the ideological spectrum. The guests in our sessions express their independent views and opinions. Argumentative Indians does not profess to subscribe, agree or endorse the same or be in anyway responsible for the stance, words and comments of our guests.

In September 2015, leaders from around the world gathered in New York at the United Nations General Assembly and committed to an ambitious global agenda, setting forth seventeen “Sustainable Development Goals”, or SDGs, to be achieved by 2030. These goals, if accomplished, would mark incredible feats of human history. Unfortunately, the most recent report from the UN Economic and Social Council shows that the world is not on track to meet these targets by the 2030 deadline. This episode of the Oxford Policy Pod will dive into the progress and delays on the SDGs, and understand what it will take to reach these goals. We also explore how policymakers are using these voluntary international commitments to guide and prioritize work in practice, specifically in the context of developing urban areas.  https://www.sdglab.ch/en-team/edward-mishaud (Edward Mishaud), is a Senior Advisor and current acting Director with the https://www.sdglab.ch/ (SDG Lab) at UN Geneva. He has over 15 years of expertise across policy, donor relations, governance, advocacy, and communications, and has worked with several UN and other international organizations, such as the UN Development Programme, the World Health Organization, the Joint UN Programme on HIV and the Green Climate Fund.  https://www.ucl.ac.uk/urban-lab/research/research-projects/making-africa-urban/people/sylvia-croese (Dr. Sylvia Croese) is an urban sociologist who is a Senior Researcher at the South African Research Chair in Spatial Analysis and City Planning at the School of Architecture and Planning of the University of the Witwatersrand and Research Associate with the African Centre for Cities (ACC) at the University of Cape Town in South Africa. She has conducted extensive research on urban planning, politics and governance through the lens of housing, land, urban infrastructure and mobility, with a particular focus on the localization of global urban development goals in African cities. She has published widely on this work in major international journals, as well as three co-edited books: Refractions of the National, the Popular and the Global in African Cities (African Minds, 2021), Reframing the Urban Challenge in Africa: Knowledge Co-production from the South (Routledge, 2021) and Localizing the Sustainable Development Goals in African cities (Springer, in press). Currently, her research examines the transcalar workings of developmental policy circuits as part of the ERC funded comparative research project Making Africa Urban: the transcalar politics of large-scale urban development. This episode was produced and hosted by Livey Beha, with support from Read Leask. Season 4 of the Oxford Policy Pod is executive produced by Livey Beha and Read Leask.  To learn more about the Sustainable Development Goals, check out: The SDG Lab: https://www.sdglab.ch/ (https://www.sdglab.ch/) Sustainable Development Goals and 2030 Agenda: https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/ (https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/) UN SDG Progress Report https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/29858SG_SDG_Progress_Report_2022.pdf (https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/29858SG_SDG_Progress_Report_2022.pdf)  

Francesco La Camera has been the Director-General of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) since April 2019.Under Francesco's leadership the Agency has forged a series of new strategic partnerships with UN organisations including UNDP, UNFCCC and Green Climate Fund among others. A key priority of his tenure is to implement a more action-oriented approach to the Agency's work.Previously, Francesco served as Director-General of Sustainable Development, Environmental Damage, EU and International Affairs at the Italian Ministry of Environment, Land & Sea since 2014. Francesco held number of roles at the Italian Ministry of Environment, Land and Sea. As the national coordinator for climate, environment, resource efficiency and circular economy, he led the Italian delegation to UNFCCC's COP 21 to 24 and the EU Presidency at COP 20. He was responsible for the preparation and organisation of Italy's G7 Environment Presidency in 2017. He served as co-chair of the Africa Centre for Climate and Sustainable Development established in Rome in partnership with FAO and UNDP and co-chaired the Financial Platform for Climate and Sustainable Development in partnership with the Italian Development Bank Cassa Depositi e Prestiti. He has also coordinated a number of national strategies including on sustainable development, green finance and fossil fuel subsides among other things.Francesco was a lecturer of Sustainable Development at the University of Cosenza and of Environment & Land Economics at the University of Roma 3. He is a graduate of the University of Messina in Political Sciences (Economic Policy major). Further reading: IRENA World Energy Transitions Outlook https://irena.org/publications/2022/Mar/World-Energy-Transitions-Outlook-2022

Mr. Ibrahim Pam, head of the Independent Integrity Unity (IIU) at the Green Climate Fund joins the policy pals to discuss how sustainable  projects can be financed with integrity. The GCF is currently the world's largest dedicated multilateral climate fund and the main multilateral financing mechanism to support developing countries in achieving a reduction of their greenhouse gas emissions and an enhancement of their ability to respond to climate change. As such managing large funds across many projects requires major oversight and that is what we discuss with Mr. Pam in this episode. Links used for references are below:  The trillion dollar climate finance challenge (and opportunity) | | UN News Green Climate Fund Update  Green Climate Fund Captions of transcript available on our YouTube Page Head to https://newsly.me/ and use promo code PLANETPALS to receive a 1-month free subscription on the revolutionary app that lets you listen to news, podcasts, and pretty much the internet in one place.

Enjoy  nature?  Well,  do it while you can.  We're losing as many as 200 species a day, scientists say  – plants, animals, birds, bugs – with cascading effects for all other species, including humans. And it's humans – our factories, cars, planes and power plants, our sprawling cities and  mono-culture farms –  who have disrupted complex ecosystems and are speeding climate change. Dr. Gretta Pecl and Sakhile Koketso join this episode to discuss the many impacts of biodiversity loss, the challenges of combatting climate change at various scales, why biodiversity matters to all of us, and how our current trajectory is on track to making us the ‘crappiest ancestors ever' for all our future generations – though we still have time to avoid the worst, with the right actions now. Guest BiosDr. Gretta Pecl is a professor of marine ecology at the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies at the University of Tasmania, and the Director of the Centre for Marine Socioecology. She leads many projects and initiatives, including the Future Seas project, the citizen science project Redmap Australia, and the Species on the Move conference. She is a lead author on the latest Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 6th Assessment Report on Impacts, Vulnerability and Adaptation. Sakhile Koketso heads Science, Policy and Governance at the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). She has also worked with  Whitebird Environ Consult Inc., the Green Climate Fund, the Kalahari Conservation Society, the United Nations Development Programme, and with national parks in Botswana, her country of origin.Guest Host BioTaili Ni, assistant producer of the COAL+ICE Podcast, is a program officer at Asia Society's Center on U.S.-China Relations.Clownfish episode photo: Copyright Bing Lin. 

Alejandra Torres Dromgold is a multi-passionate entrepreneur, driven by her vision for a more compassionate, equitable, and sustainable world.   She's taken leading roles in the reinvention of several organizations, starting with growing her family business – Contempo – from a small company to one of the world's leading for-benefit corporations, establishing the Colombia Green Building Council, and serving on the board of the World Green Building Council.   After co-founding the Family Business Network in Colombia, she went on to head the Ministry of Environment's International Affairs Office, where she secured an unprecedented $100 million in global support for the Amazon Rainforest.   Alejandra has been brought on to advise, fundraise, and negotiate for environmental conservation projects with the World Bank in Bogotá, The Nature Conservancy, the SDGs, the Green Climate Fund, the Minamata Convention, and several social impact businesses.   Her latest project is Musas – an online community, academy and investment fund designed to uplift women in their leadership and regenerative entrepreneurship. She is a participant in Shark Tank Colombia, through which she is seeding new female-led, sustainable businesses.   Through her belief that business can be a force for real change, Alejandra is passionate about supporting social businesses building stable foundations to thrive, succeed, and make our world a better place.   “I'm very grateful for that moment in my life because it really forced me to unlearn many of my conditioned effects, but also challenge a lot of concepts about what leadership is, you know, in my professional life, and starting to really go deeper within and start to listen to another voice in my head, which is not only the logical mind, but the intuitive mind and the heart, I had to start to listen to that other voice inside, you know, and to connect really with my body and to start understanding and unwinding the wisdom of my own body and my cycles and the feminine flow, to say, so to speak.” - Alejandra   Learn more about Feminine Leadership Sisterhood Support How to bring Visions to Form And so much more!   Connect with Alejandra: Musas Website  https://www.musas.co/ Instagram @alejandra_torres_musas Take the free quiz to Discover Your Feminine Leadership Archetype: https://interacty.me/projects/dfbb9e53d6b83032 Rate and leave a written review of this podcast if you love the show. Simply screenshot your review and send it to love@lisamalia.co  and you'll be entered to receive one of three Archetype Analysis Reports. Follow on Instagram @lovelisamalia  EVOKE, The Feminine Leadership Immersion is a twelve-week group coaching experience so you'll get to know other incredible women there. You can learn more about it and ENROLL IN The Feminine Leadership Immersion HERE  + get your Blueprint Design Free. One on One coaching spots available - a fully immersive, premium experience to support you in living your most satisfying, impactful and expressed life yet: https://www.lisamalia.co/one-on-one-private-coaching HypnoBreathwork® Coaching Bundle: https://purple-silence-5210.ck.page/products/evolve-pay-in-full

with Brad Friedman & Desi Doyen

with Brad Friedman & Desi Doyen