Podcasts about Apostolic Fathers

Today’s Topics: 1, 2, 3, 4) William discusses what Eucharistic Miracles are, transubstantiation, and how these truths come from the Apostolic Fathers of the Church from the very beginning  

How should Christians approach an early church writing that is valuable, influential, and sometimes theologically troubling?The Shepherd of Hermas was one of the most widely read Christian writings of the 2nd century. Through visions, commandments, and parables, it called believers to repentance, holiness, generosity, and faithfulness in a culture that often pulled them in the opposite direction.But the book also raises serious Theological questions. Today, we examine the background, message, strengths, and weaknesses of The Shepherd of Hermas. We learn how studying it can deepen our understanding of the early church while strengthening our confidence in the authority of God's Word.Chapters:00:00 Introduction to The Shepherd of HermasThe Shepherd of Hermas is one of the most unusual writings from the Apostolic Fathers and offers a window into the beliefs, struggles, and priorities of second-century Christians.03:05 What Is The Shepherd of Hermas?The book presents the first-person account of a Christian named Hermas and combines visions, commandments, warnings, promises, and symbolic parables.06:05 Who Was Hermas?Hermas was likely a real Christian living in Rome, although parts of the work may have been written or edited over time by others.07:00 Why The Shepherd of Hermas Was Not ScriptureThe Muratorian Fragment describes the book as valuable for Christians to read while clearly distinguishing it from the inspired books of the New Testament.08:10 The Popularity and Strengths of HermasThe Shepherd of Hermas was widely read in the early church and strongly emphasized holiness, generosity, repentance, and living for God's kingdom.10:50 When Holiness Becomes LegalismHermas' strict teaching about sin after baptism and his restrictive view of repentance can turn a healthy call to holiness into legalism and perfectionism.13:35 The Limited Focus on Jesus and the GospelAlthough Christ appears under titles such as the Son of God, the book gives little attention to Jesus' earthly ministry, death, resurrection, or the work of the Holy Spirit.15:35 Measuring Every Teaching Against ScriptureChurch history and early Christian writings can be helpful, but every book, sermon, tradition, and podcast must ultimately be tested against the final authority of God's Word.17:10 Why Christians Should Read The Shepherd of HermasThe book helps modern believers understand how early Christians wrestled with holiness, temptation, repentance, and faithful living, even when some of their conclusions were flawed.“Hermas refuses to let comfortable Christianity exist.”  – Pastor Jeff CranstonSources: Background on the Shepherd of Hermas: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Shepherd_of_Hermas

Colossians is chock-full of historical and theological mysteries. Did the apostle Paul really write it? Who were the false teaches troubling the church at Colossae? And was is the meaning of its famous Christological ‘hymn' – was it truly sung? To get to the bottom of all things Colossians, Helen and Lloyd take a trip in the Biblical Time Machine with Paul Foster.  Paul Foster is Professor in New Testament Language and Literature at the University of Edinburgh. He has specialised on a range of writings in the New Testament and beyond, in particular the pre-gospel source ‘Q', the Gospel of Matthew, Thessalonians, the Gospel of Peter and the Apostolic Fathers. His 2016 commentary on Colossoians is part of Black's New Testament Commentary Series. Support the showTheme music written and performed by Dave Roos, creator of Biblical Time Machine. Season 4 produced by John Nelson. 

The strangest and most mysterious of the texts in the ancient Christian collection known as the Apostolic Fathers is the Shepherd of Hermas. How should this apocryphal text be read, and what does it mean?

Polycarp lived at a time when the early church was facing pressure from Rome, false teaching from within, and the growing challenge of preserving the message handed down by the apostles. In this episode of Kitchen Table Theology, Pastor Jeff and Tiffany look at the life of Polycarp of Smyrna, one of the Apostolic Fathers and a direct link to the Apostle John. They discuss his role as bishop of Smyrna, his influence on Irenaeus, his defense of apostolic truth, and his faithful witness even unto death. Chapters:01:00 Who Was Polycarp of Smyrna?Polycarp was one of the Apostolic Fathers, a bishop in Smyrna, and a direct link between the apostles and the next generation of Christian leaders.03:00 Polycarp's Connection to the ApostlesPolycarp was a disciple of the Apostle John and was known by Irenaeus as someone instructed by the apostles and connected to those who had seen Christ.05:00 The Apostolic FathersThe Apostolic Fathers were early Christian leaders who lived just after the apostles and helped guide the church through its first generations.08:30 False Teaching in the Early ChurchThe early church faced pressure from Rome on the outside and false teaching from within, including movements like Gnosticism and Marcionism.10:00 What Was Marcionism?Marcion rejected parts of Scripture and taught a divided view of God, claiming the Old Testament God and the God revealed by Jesus were different.15:00 Polycarp and IrenaeusPolycarp mentored Irenaeus and modeled how to stand firmly for truth while showing grace in secondary disagreements.17:30 Polycarp's ArrestRoman authorities arrested Polycarp when he was 86 years old and pressured him to deny Christ by offering incense to Caesar.20:00 The Martyrdom of PolycarpPolycarp refused to deny Jesus, declaring that Christ had never done him wrong and that he “Nearly 2,000 years later, we sit here and we still remember Polycarp, not because he was powerful or wealthy or famous. We remember him because he was faithful.” - Pastor Jeff Cranston

We welcome back Steve Ray to trace the legacy of the Apostolic Fathers, the early Christian leaders who helped preserve the apostolic tradition in the generations before the New Testament was compiled. What can the witness of these earliest Church Fathers teach Catholics about the origins and enduring identity of the Church? Show Notes Apostolic Fathers: Handing on the Faith DVD The Church's own “wisdom from grandpa” is worth memorizing Verbum iCatholic Mobile The Station of the Cross Merchandise - Use Coupon Code 14STATIONS for 10% off | Catholic to the Max Read Fr. McTeigue's Written Works! "Let's Take A Closer Look" with Fr. Robert McTeigue, S.J. | Full Series Playlist Listen to Fr. McTeigue's Preaching! | Herald of the Gospel Sermons Podcast on Spotify Visit Fr. McTeigue's Website | Herald of the Gospel Questions? Comments? Feedback? Ask Father!

“Why is the Apostolic Age not a well-known part of Church history?” This question opens a discussion on the significance of early Church writings, including the role of the Church Fathers and the authenticity of the Apostolic Fathers’ texts. Other topics include the importance of listening to the Church Fathers and the historical context of early Christian martyrdom. Join the Catholic Answers Live Club Newsletter Invite our apologists to speak at your parish! Visit Catholicanswersspeakers.com Questions Covered: 02:45 – “Why is the Apostolic Age not a well known part of Church history? 20:00 – Why listen to the Church Fathers? 23:00 – How do we know the writings of the Apostolic Fathers are real? 38:00 – What is the spelling of the names of the writings you mention? 43:40 – Did Paul write things down in the Bible that Jesus didn't tell him? 45:55 – Has Steve been on an archaeological dig? If so, what did he see? 47:15 – What did these Apostolic Fathers believe? 52:03 – How did it go from the apostolic fathers being martyred to Catholics killing Protestants at the Reformation?

Today’s Topics: 1, 2, 3, 4) Steve Ray joins Terry to discuss the Apostolic Fathers of the Early Church Gospel – Matthew 5:13-16 – Jesus said to His disciples: “You are the salt of the earth. But if salt loses its taste, with what can it be seasoned? It is no longer good for anything but to be thrown out and trampled underfoot. You are the light of the world. A city set on a mountain cannot be hidden. Nor do they light a lamp and then put it under a bushel basket; it is set on a lampstand, where it gives light to all in the house. Just so, your light must shine before others, that they may see your good deeds and glorify your heavenly Father.” Memorial of Saint Ephrem, Deacon and Doctor of the Church Saint Ephrem, pray for us! Bishop Sheen quote of the day

“What Church did Jesus found?” This question opens a discussion on the foundational beliefs of Christianity, touching on the Church’s teachings about Original Sin and the differing perspectives held by Jews and Muslims. Additionally, the conversation addresses the Orthodox view of apostolic succession and the implications of Jesus’ return for the Earth. Join the Catholic Answers Live Club Newsletter Invite our apologists to speak at your parish! Visit Catholicanswersspeakers.com Questions Covered: 02:09 – What Church did Jesus found? 12:14 – What does the Church teach about Original Sin, and why Jews and Muslims view it differently? 19:42 – The Orthodox believe that any validly consecrated bishop is the successor of Peter. And that Peter was called rock because he was the first to recognize the divinity of Christ. And Peter consecrated other bishops, so he cannot be the only foundation stone. 29:14 – What will happen to the Earth when Jesus returns? 32:07 – Is loving your neighbor and loving God more important than sacrifice. Because Jesus said we live by every word that comes from God, and he said love God and love your neighbor. So is that more important than the Eucharist? 35:20 – In the early Church is there more evidence for divine simplicity over the essence/energy distinction of the Eastern Orthodox? 41:35 – Who were the Apostolic Fathers? How many were there?

Today’s Topics: 1, 2, 3, 4) William discusses the Apostolic Fathers a subset of Early Church Fathers, but those within a generation of the Apostles or were even taught by them

If you enjoy this episode, we're sure you will enjoy more content like this on The Occult Rejects.  In fact, we have curated playlists on occult topics like grimoires, esoteric concepts and phenomena, occult history, analyzing true crime and cults with an occult lens, Para politics, and occultism in music. Whether you enjoy consuming your content visually or via audio, we've got you covered - and it will always be provided free of charge.  So, if you enjoy what we do and want to support our work of providing accessible, free content on various platforms, please consider making a donation to the links provided below.  Thank you and enjoy the episode!Links For The Occult Rejectshttps://linktr.ee/theoccultrejectsOccult Research Institutehttps://www.occultresearchinstitute.org/Cash Apphttps://cash.app/$theoccultrejectsVenmo@TheOccultRejectsBuy Me A Coffeebuymeacoffee.com/TheOccultRejectsPatreonhttps://www.patreon.com/TheOccultRejectsPart 1 — BibliographySecondary worksEncyclopaedia Britannica. “Christianity: The Gentile Mission and St. Paul.”Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Saint James, the Lord's brother.”Joel Marcus, “Jewish Christianity,” in The Cambridge History of Christianity, ed. Margaret M. Mitchell and Frances M. Young (Cambridge University Press).Carson Bay, “The First Christians of Antioch,” in Antioch on the Orontes, ed. Andrea U. De Giorgi (Cambridge University Press).Clayton N. Jefford, “Didache,” in The Cambridge Companion to the Apostolic Fathers, ed. Michael F. Bird and Scott Harrower (Cambridge University Press).David J. Downs, “Church, Church Ministry, and Church Order,” in The Cambridge Companion to the Apostolic Fathers, ed. Michael F. Bird and Scott Harrower (Cambridge University Press).Janelle Peters, “1 and 2 Clement,” in The Cambridge Companion to the Apostolic Fathers, ed. Michael F. Bird and Scott Harrower (Cambridge University Press).Jonathon Lookadoo, “The Letters of Ignatius,” in The Cambridge Companion to the Apostolic Fathers, ed. Michael F. Bird and Scott Harrower (Cambridge University Press).Dan Batovici, “The Shepherd of Hermas as Early Christian Apocalypse,” in The Cambridge Companion to the Apostolic Fathers, ed. Michael F. Bird and Scott Harrower (Cambridge University Press).Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Ebionites.”Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Nazarene.”Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Marcion of Pontus.”Harry Y. Gamble, “Marcion and the ‘canon',” in The Cambridge History of Christianity, ed. Margaret M. Mitchell and Frances M. Young (Cambridge University Press).Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Valentinus.”Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Valentinian.”Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Gospel of Philip.”Bible Odyssey, “Gnosticism and the Nag Hammadi Library Explained.”Bart D. Ehrman, “The Discoveries of the Dead Sea Scrolls and the Nag Hammadi Library,” in Truth and Fiction in The Da Vinci Code (Oxford University Press).Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Montanism.”Bible Odyssey, “James.”Bible Odyssey, “James and Paul.”Bible Odyssey, “Priscilla and Aquila.”Bible Odyssey, “Lydia.”Bible Odyssey, “Women's Work in the Greco-Roman World.”Primary texts usedActs 15.Galatians 2:11–14.Romans 16:1–7.1 Corinthians 1:22–24.Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews 20.9.1 (20.200).Didache.1 Clement.The Letters of Ignatius.The Shepherd of Hermas.Irenaeus, Against Heresies.Tertullian, Against Marcion.The Gospel of Truth.The Gospel of Philip.Also want to remind people about the website, if you're into reading we have tons of information by multiple contributors, and we got t-shirts up on the site if you're interested. Fun fact, the art is all based on the eyeball. A

284 Intro Historical Theology: Why Church History MattersAfter the apostles died, the church did not disappear. It continued to preserve, defend, and pass down the truth once delivered to the saints. In this episode of Kitchen Table Theology, Pastor Jeff Cranston and Tiffany continue their historical theology series by introducing Clement of Rome, one of the earliest Apostolic Fathers. They explain why Clement matters, what his letter to the Corinthian church reveals about early Christian belief, and how his writings point believers back to Scripture, humility, unity, and justification by faith in Christ alone.00:55 What Is Historical Theology?Historical theology studies how Christian doctrine developed and was defended throughout church history.02:30 The Patristic PeriodAfter the death of the Apostle John, the church entered the patristic period, the era of the early church fathers.04:00 Who Were the Apostolic Fathers?The Apostolic Fathers include Clement of Rome, Ignatius of Antioch, Polycarp of Smyrna, Papias of Hierapolis, and several key early Christian writings, including The Didache, The Epistle of Barnabas, The Shepherd of Hermas, and The Epistle to Diognetus. 06:15 What Does Orthodoxy Mean?Orthodoxy means right belief, helping Christians distinguish true biblical doctrine from error.07:30 Preserving Apostolic TeachingAfter the apostles died, the church did not disappear. Early Christian leaders helped preserve and defend the teachings handed down to them.11:00 Who Was Clement of Rome?Clement of Rome was an early bishop who lived near the end of the first century and wrote an important letter to the church at Corinth.18:15 Justification by Faith in the Early ChurchClement clearly taught that salvation is not earned by human effort, but received by faith in Christ.20:30 What Clement Teaches Us TodayClement reminds believers to be shaped by Scripture, pursue unity, and trust in Christ alone for salvation.“ Studying historical theology should make us steadier. Clement reminds us that faithful Christians anchor themselves in scripture. We pursue humility.” – Pastor Jeff Cranston

Why Relying on One Bible Teacher Isn't Enough—and What to Do About It   In this Good Faith Podcast bonus short, N.T. Wright shares practical, accessible guidance on how to read the Bible with deeper understanding, moving beyond surface-level devotion into the rich world of biblical context, Scripture study, and Christian discipleship. Wright explains why exploring texts like Josephus, the Dead Sea Scrolls, the Apocrypha, and the Apostolic Fathers can help modern believers interpret the New Testament more faithfully and confidently. He also offers a personal glimpse into his lifelong daily Bible reading practice, revealing how Scripture, prayer, and the Psalms have shaped his faith from childhood to today.   Take the Listener Survey Sign up for The After Party Sign up for The Good List     Mentioned In This Episode: John Goldingay & N.T. Wright's The Bible for Everyone Books by Richard Middleton Books by Walter Brueggemann The Complete Works of Josephus (pdf) The Complete Dead Sea Scrolls (pdf) Resource For Writings of the Apostolic Fathers (e.g., Ignatius, Clement, Polycarp)   More from N.T. Wright: N.T. Wright's book God's Homecoming: The Forgotten Promise of Future Renewal N.T. Wright Online N.T. Wright's Speaking engagements N.T. Wright's books   Follow Us: Good Faith on Instagram Good Faith on X (formerly Twitter) Good Faith on Facebook   The Good Faith Podcast is a production of a 501(c)(3) nonpartisan organization that does not engage in any political campaign activity to support or oppose any candidate for public office. Any views and opinions expressed by any guests on this program are solely those of the individuals and do not necessarily reflect the views or positions of Good Faith.

Most accounts of Christian leadership in the first two centuries focus on the diversity of leadership structures and the various cultural influences that impacted it. The First Pastors: Early Christianity's Vision for Ministry (Gorgias Press, 2026) demonstrates that within these structures and contexts early Christians shared a clear set of theological convictions about pastoral leadership. Through literary and theological analysis of relevant passages in the Apostolic Fathers and New Testament, The First Pastors demonstrates four shared convictions about pastoral ministry: (1) the necessity of a particular kind of virtue for pastoral leaders, (2) the authority of pastoral leaders, (3) the essentials of pastoral work, and (4) the reality of pastoral suffering. These shared convictions emerge from the variety of communities represented by these texts and are so well attested to that they suggest a much greater degree of unity than is presently assumed in the field. Moreover, even with the various dating issues surrounding the Apostolic Fathers and New Testament, the agreement between these sets of texts show second-century Christians carrying forward the convictions of the first century. Finally, they present an interesting example of the coexistence and interaction between unity and diversity in early Christianity: theological unity persisted in diverse communities with varying practices and contexts. Gorgias Press has generously offered a coupon code for listeners of this podcast. The coupon is valid until the end of 2026 on orders from the publisher's website here. Use code LAUNCH40% Leland Brown serves as a pastor in Mount Pleasant, South Carolina and is an adjunct professor at Phoenix Seminary. He studied patristics at The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary and received his PhD with a focus on first- and second-century Christianity. He also serves as an editor for the London Lyceum. His research seeks to exposit how pastoral leadership has been understood and practiced in the history of the church. Jonathon Lookadoo is Associate Professor at the Presbyterian University and Theological Seminary in Seoul, South Korea. While his interests range widely over the world of early Christianity, he is the author of books on the Epistle of Barnabas, Ignatius of Antioch, and the Shepherd of Hermas, including The Christology of Ignatius of Antioch (Cascade, 2023). Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Most accounts of Christian leadership in the first two centuries focus on the diversity of leadership structures and the various cultural influences that impacted it. The First Pastors: Early Christianity's Vision for Ministry (Gorgias Press, 2026) demonstrates that within these structures and contexts early Christians shared a clear set of theological convictions about pastoral leadership. Through literary and theological analysis of relevant passages in the Apostolic Fathers and New Testament, The First Pastors demonstrates four shared convictions about pastoral ministry: (1) the necessity of a particular kind of virtue for pastoral leaders, (2) the authority of pastoral leaders, (3) the essentials of pastoral work, and (4) the reality of pastoral suffering. These shared convictions emerge from the variety of communities represented by these texts and are so well attested to that they suggest a much greater degree of unity than is presently assumed in the field. Moreover, even with the various dating issues surrounding the Apostolic Fathers and New Testament, the agreement between these sets of texts show second-century Christians carrying forward the convictions of the first century. Finally, they present an interesting example of the coexistence and interaction between unity and diversity in early Christianity: theological unity persisted in diverse communities with varying practices and contexts. Gorgias Press has generously offered a coupon code for listeners of this podcast. The coupon is valid until the end of 2026 on orders from the publisher's website here. Use code LAUNCH40% Leland Brown serves as a pastor in Mount Pleasant, South Carolina and is an adjunct professor at Phoenix Seminary. He studied patristics at The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary and received his PhD with a focus on first- and second-century Christianity. He also serves as an editor for the London Lyceum. His research seeks to exposit how pastoral leadership has been understood and practiced in the history of the church. Jonathon Lookadoo is Associate Professor at the Presbyterian University and Theological Seminary in Seoul, South Korea. While his interests range widely over the world of early Christianity, he is the author of books on the Epistle of Barnabas, Ignatius of Antioch, and the Shepherd of Hermas, including The Christology of Ignatius of Antioch (Cascade, 2023). Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/religion

Most accounts of Christian leadership in the first two centuries focus on the diversity of leadership structures and the various cultural influences that impacted it. The First Pastors: Early Christianity's Vision for Ministry (Gorgias Press, 2026) demonstrates that within these structures and contexts early Christians shared a clear set of theological convictions about pastoral leadership. Through literary and theological analysis of relevant passages in the Apostolic Fathers and New Testament, The First Pastors demonstrates four shared convictions about pastoral ministry: (1) the necessity of a particular kind of virtue for pastoral leaders, (2) the authority of pastoral leaders, (3) the essentials of pastoral work, and (4) the reality of pastoral suffering. These shared convictions emerge from the variety of communities represented by these texts and are so well attested to that they suggest a much greater degree of unity than is presently assumed in the field. Moreover, even with the various dating issues surrounding the Apostolic Fathers and New Testament, the agreement between these sets of texts show second-century Christians carrying forward the convictions of the first century. Finally, they present an interesting example of the coexistence and interaction between unity and diversity in early Christianity: theological unity persisted in diverse communities with varying practices and contexts. Gorgias Press has generously offered a coupon code for listeners of this podcast. The coupon is valid until the end of 2026 on orders from the publisher's website here. Use code LAUNCH40% Leland Brown serves as a pastor in Mount Pleasant, South Carolina and is an adjunct professor at Phoenix Seminary. He studied patristics at The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary and received his PhD with a focus on first- and second-century Christianity. He also serves as an editor for the London Lyceum. His research seeks to exposit how pastoral leadership has been understood and practiced in the history of the church. Jonathon Lookadoo is Associate Professor at the Presbyterian University and Theological Seminary in Seoul, South Korea. While his interests range widely over the world of early Christianity, he is the author of books on the Epistle of Barnabas, Ignatius of Antioch, and the Shepherd of Hermas, including The Christology of Ignatius of Antioch (Cascade, 2023). Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/biblical-studies

Most accounts of Christian leadership in the first two centuries focus on the diversity of leadership structures and the various cultural influences that impacted it. The First Pastors: Early Christianity's Vision for Ministry (Gorgias Press, 2026) demonstrates that within these structures and contexts early Christians shared a clear set of theological convictions about pastoral leadership. Through literary and theological analysis of relevant passages in the Apostolic Fathers and New Testament, The First Pastors demonstrates four shared convictions about pastoral ministry: (1) the necessity of a particular kind of virtue for pastoral leaders, (2) the authority of pastoral leaders, (3) the essentials of pastoral work, and (4) the reality of pastoral suffering. These shared convictions emerge from the variety of communities represented by these texts and are so well attested to that they suggest a much greater degree of unity than is presently assumed in the field. Moreover, even with the various dating issues surrounding the Apostolic Fathers and New Testament, the agreement between these sets of texts show second-century Christians carrying forward the convictions of the first century. Finally, they present an interesting example of the coexistence and interaction between unity and diversity in early Christianity: theological unity persisted in diverse communities with varying practices and contexts. Gorgias Press has generously offered a coupon code for listeners of this podcast. The coupon is valid until the end of 2026 on orders from the publisher's website here. Use code LAUNCH40% Leland Brown serves as a pastor in Mount Pleasant, South Carolina and is an adjunct professor at Phoenix Seminary. He studied patristics at The Southern Baptist Theological Seminary and received his PhD with a focus on first- and second-century Christianity. He also serves as an editor for the London Lyceum. His research seeks to exposit how pastoral leadership has been understood and practiced in the history of the church. Jonathon Lookadoo is Associate Professor at the Presbyterian University and Theological Seminary in Seoul, South Korea. While his interests range widely over the world of early Christianity, he is the author of books on the Epistle of Barnabas, Ignatius of Antioch, and the Shepherd of Hermas, including The Christology of Ignatius of Antioch (Cascade, 2023). Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/christian-studies

Today’s Topics: 1, 2, 3, 4) William discusses what Eucharistic Miracles are, transubstantiation, and how these truths come from the Apostolic Fathers of the Church from the very beginning

Support Emet Ministries, so we can continue to provide content and resources to help disciples become disciplers: https://veritas-ministry-415223.churchcenter.com/givingMore in Church History: https://emetministry.org/church-history-and-theology/In this video, Christian Barrett explores the life of Ignatius of Antioch, one of the most important Early Church Fathers and the bridge between the Apostles and the Apostolic Fathers. Ignatius served as a pastor in Antioch, wrote seven powerful letters on his way to martyrdom in Rome, and became famous for being thrown to the beast for his faith in Christ.Christian also discusses why Antioch mattered so much in early Christianity, what the early church looked like before later Roman developments, and why church leadership in this period was rooted in local churches rather than a centralized papacy. Along the way, he'll cover Emperor Trajan's persecution, Ignatius' fight against Docetism, and the major themes of each of his seven letters: unity, false teaching, submission to leaders, the Eucharist, and martyrdom.00:00 – Intro: Ignatius of Antioch00:23 – Ignatius: Bridge from Apostles to Apostolic Fathers02:25 – Why Antioch mattered in the Early Church05:00 – No Pope in Antioch (Early Church Structure)08:00 – The Early Church was built on Local Churches10:28 – Who was Ignatius of Antioch?11:37 – Roman Persecution & Emperor Trajan15:25 – Ignatius' 7 Letters (Overview)16:10 – Ignatius vs Docetism (False Teaching)18:39 – Letter to the Ephesians: Unity in the Church20:48 – Letter to the Magnesians: Local Church + Leaders21:55 – Letter to the Trallians: Reject False Teaching22:54 – Letter to the Romans: Martyrdom & Rome24:51 – Letter to the Philadelphians: Clean in Christ25:20 – Letter to the Smyrnaeans: Eucharist & True Flesh of Christ27:35 – Letter to Polycarp: Run the Race#IgnatiusOfAntioch #EarlyChurch #ChurchHistory #ApostolicFathers #ChristianHistory #Christianity #Theology #BibleStudy #Discipleship #Martyrdom #AncientChristianity #Patristics #Antioch

The sermon presents a theological critique of Roman Catholic soteriology, arguing that the New Testament establishes no priestly office capable of offering sacrifice or effecting transubstantiation, contrary to Roman Catholic doctrine. Centered on the principle of sola scriptura, it contends that the New Testament's consistent use of terms like elder, bishop, and shepherd—never priest—demonstrates a clear absence of a sacrificial priesthood, with the priesthood of all believers and Christ's eternal high priesthood in Hebrews serving as the biblical foundation. Historical analysis of the Apostolic Fathers and the development of the priesthood through the third century further confirms that the office did not exist in the early church, undermining claims of apostolic succession. The sermon concludes that without a biblically grounded priestly class, sacramental efficacy—particularly in the Eucharist and baptism—is illusory, rendering Roman Catholic sacramental theology incompatible with faith alone and thus soteriologically apostate.

Within the collection of Apostolic Fathers is the lesser-known work entitled The Epistle to Diognetus. This episode explores what this second-century AD letter has to say about the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, particularly to see if the author was a trinitarian. We also explore the composite nature of this letter, noting that whoever wrote chapters 11-12 was probably a biblical unitarian. To view the video version of this episode, go here: https://youtu.be/GLqQWgHuS1A   Visit Amazon to buy your copy of The AI Critical New Testament: https://amzn.to/3VxO8r5   Visit Amazon to buy your copy of my book, Wisdom Christology in the Gospel of John: https://amzn.to/4neRGdH  To support this podcast, donate here: https://www.paypal.me/10mintruthtalks   Episode notes: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1SKO37OxGd3OOc2J7UTU9mpu-q8LI5nh_8mdKxrHPljg/edit?usp=sharing  Check out some of my videos on YouTube at: https://www.youtube.com/@BiblicalUnitarianPodcast       Follow me on X (Twitter): https://twitter.com/OneGodPodcast 

Where should someone start studying church history? Many people jump straight to Augustine, the Creeds, or the Councils — but the real starting point is with Eusebius of Caesarea, the first great historian of the Church.In this episode of The FACTS Podcast with Dr. Stephen Boyce, we explore: • Who Eusebius was and why he matters. • How his Ecclesiastical History preserves documents we would otherwise have lost. • Why he gives the best “map” of Christianity from the apostles to Constantine. • How to read him critically, seeing both his strengths and biases. • A recommended pathway for continuing after Eusebius with the Apostolic Fathers, Apologists, and Nicene defenders.If you've ever asked, “Where should I begin my study of church history?” — this is the episode for you.

Pastor Shola begins from Hebrews 12:22–24 NKJV, teaching that the Old Testament is Jesus concealed, while the New Testament is Jesus revealed (Genesis 7:1 NKJV). He references Acts 7:37 NKJV and Matthew 16:13–19 NKJV, when Jesus was speaking about His identity, and reminds us that Christ means the Anointed One (Acts 10:38).The first time Jesus used the word translated as church was in Matthew 16:18, when He spoke to Peter. The original Greek word is ekklesia, meaning “assembly” or “the called-out ones.” Pastor Shola teaches that the church was instituted by revelation (Matthew 16:19 NKJV) but its formation did not happen until the book of Acts.The Book of Acts can be divided into three sections:- Acts 1–7: centers on Peter and reflects the apostolic vision of the early church, with the message directed primarily to the Jews.- Acts 9–28: highlights the ministry of Paul, where the gospel extends to the Gentiles.- Acts 8–12: covers matters arising as the church was growing stronger.Pastor Shola notes that three people were key in propagating the gospel:- Paul (Acts 8)- The Ethiopian Eunuch (Acts 8:27)- Cornelius (Acts 10:1–3)The Purpose of the Church- God's system on the earth (1 Timothy 3:15)- The body of Christ, with Jesus as the head (Colossians 1:16 NKJV)- A collection/gathering of believers (1 Corinthians 12:27 NKJV, Acts 11:22 NKJV)- The house of prayer (Matthew 21:13 NKJV)- A place of diversity (Romans 12:14 NKJV)- A place to be built (Ephesians 2:19 NKJV)- A place of doctrine (Acts 2:42 NKJV, 1 Timothy 5:21 NKJV)- A place of fellowship (Hebrews 10:24 NKJV)- A place to offer spiritual sacrifices (1 Peter 2:4)- A place where the Lord requires meat/supplies (Malachi 3:10 NKJV)- A place where angels are allocated (1 Timothy 5:21 NKJV)Church History in Six Periods- 30–300 AD: Pastor Shola mentioned that this was the birth of the church (Acts 15). The gospel spread through passion, discipleship, love, and miracles. Persecution later scattered believers (Acts 2, Genesis 11), which God used to fulfill His plan to reach the nations.- 300–600 AD: He highlighted the rise of the Apostolic Fathers. In 380 AD, Christianity became the state religion of Rome under Theodosius I.- 600–1000 AD: Pastor Shola noted this period was marked by the rise of Islam.- 1000–1500 AD: He explained that this era, known as the Dark Ages, saw Muslims conquer much of the Middle East, Christians begin to fight back, and the formation of the papacy in Rome.- 1500–1600 AD: Pastor Shola described this as the Reformation period, beginning with the pre-Protestant movement. (In Bible history, the previous move always fights the current move.)- 1600 AD – Present: He concluded by pointing to the Evangelical movement and later the rise of Pentecostalism.Pastor Shola concludes that God is raising cosmopolitan believers (Isaiah 2:3) and mighty men so that when Christ comes every space will be covered. The church is not man made but God's system on the earth, instituted by revelation and formed in Acts. It is the body of Christ, called to be His witness, His dwelling, and His instrument for global transformation.ABOUT THE NEWWe are a people of love and excellence who are result-oriented, spirit-led, word-rooted, prayer-driven, and kingdom-conscious. Led by Pst. Shola Okodugha, we are on a divine assignment to equip and raise men; to release people from strongholds that have stifled them from taking their rightful places, and to give young people an avenue for their God-given gifts to find expression.OUR CREED"As sure as God helps us,We will not give upWe will not cave inWe will not quitWe will not failWe will not dieUntil our job is doneAnd victory is won"——Partner with us to spread the influence of God all over the world. Give - https://pay.squadco.com/TheNewglobal——BROADCAST DETAILSMinister: Pastor Shola OkodughaDate: Monday, August 25 2025——

Did the earliest Christians believe that salvation was permanent and irreversible? In this episode of FACTS, Stephen Boyce, with special guest Jack Bull, examines what the Apostolic Fathers actually taught about eternal security, falling away, and the necessity of perseverance in the faith.We explore key texts from the Didache, 1 Clement, 2 Clement, the Epistle of Barnabas, Ignatius of Antioch, Polycarp, and the Shepherd of Hermas—highlighting how the early Church warned believers about the real danger of apostasy and the importance of obedience, repentance, and endurance.If you've been told that the doctrine of “Once Saved, Always Saved” has historical roots, this episode may surprise you. The message from the early Church is consistent and clear: Salvation is not a free pass. It's a call to a lifelong, faithful walk with Christ.#OnceSavedAlwaysSaved #EternalSecurity #ApostolicFathers #Didache #IgnatiusOfAntioch #ShepherdOfHermas #Polycarp #ChurchFathers #EarlyChurch #ChristianTheology #ConditionalSecurity #SalvationDoctrine #FallFromGrace #StephenBoyce #FACTSPodcast #ChristianHistory #BiblicalTruth #PerseveranceOfTheSaints #FaithAndWorks #Patristics #JackBullStephen's writings: https://independent.academia.edu/StephenBoyce4Here is a link to Dr Bull's channel: https://www.youtube.com/@Patristica

ABOUT THE EPISODEListen in as David Schrock and Stephen Wellum interview Bryan Litfin on his Christ Over All essay: "From Nicaea to the “Nicene Creed”: Sixty Years of Confusion and Controversy"Timestamps00:48 – Intro04:15 – Introducing Dr. Litfin's Book on the Trinity05:30 – What Has Helped Dr. Litfin to be a Good Storyteller?07:18 – What Is10:44 – Why Does the History Around the Nicene Creed Matter?13:08 – Did the Council of Nicaea Anticipate the Fight that was Going to Come?15:10 – The Legend of Saint Nicholas17:13 – The Demise of Arius19:35 – How Did Athanasius Become a Main Figure in the Fight for Orthodoxy?24:38 – Athanasius' Two Volumes Against the Arians26:25 – The Different Theological Groups Around the Time of Nicaea30:26 – How Athanasius Made His Arguments32:20 – History of the Political Influence Between 325-38134:24 – The Cappadocians37:56 – Why Was There Less Participation in the Time of Theodosius?39:57 – What Changes Took Place in the Statements Between 325 and 381?42:38 – Why Was There Not as Much Said about the Holy Spirit?48:14 – The Pneumatomachians50:27 – What Conception Did They Have in Terms of the Spirit's Saving Power?53:08 – The Nicene Fathers' Understanding of the Church and Baptism56:08 – Should We Go Back to the Apostolic Fathers to Clarify Our Doctrine?1:00:57 – A Trinitarian Approach to the Gospel1:03:57 – The Trinity and Salvation1:06:21 – OutroResources to Click“From Nicaea to the “Nicene Creed”: Sixty Years of Confusion and Controversy” – Bryan Litfincom – Bryan LitfinRufinus of Aquileia: Historia Ecclesiastical, Book 10, chs. 1-6 (Excerpt on the First Council of Nicaea)Letter of Eusebius of Nicomedia and Theognis of Nicaea to a Council – Fourth Century ChristianityThe Death of Arius (Post Nicene Fathers Excerpt) – Philip SchaffThe Dialogue Against the Luciferians – Jerome; Philip SchaffThe Nicene Creed – Book of Common PrayerTheme of the Month: The Nicene Creed: 1700 Years of HomoousiosGive to Support the WorkBooks to ReadThe Story of the Trinity: Controversy, Crisis, and the Creation of the Nicene Creed – Bryan LitfinThe Church History of Rufinus of Aquileia: books 10 and 11 – Rufinus of Aquilea trans. Philip R. AmidonThe Theodosian Code and Novels and the Sirmondian Constitutions – Clyde Pharr

Was Jesus Catholic? The Catholic Church against translating the Bible? Are the Apostolic Fathers important to Protestants? Join us for Called to Communion with Dr. David Anders.

Was Jesus Catholic? The Catholic Church against translating the Bible? Are the Apostolic Fathers important to Protestants? Join us for Called to Communion with Dr. David Anders.

Was Jesus Catholic? The Catholic Church against translating the Bible? Are the Apostolic Fathers important to Protestants? Join us for Called to Communion with Dr. David Anders.

Patrick addresses Catholic school vaccination policies, overcoming spiritual hardships, and shares how callers trust in God during uncertainty. Patrick offers clarity through early Church writings, guidance on handling spiritual oppression, and practical advice about choosing the right educational resources, highlighting Kolbe Academy. Dan - I went through the same experience coming back to the Church. Reading about the Apostolic Fathers helped me. Protestants never look at the history of the Church. (01:31) Kate - My son is going to a Catholic school, and he is fully vaccinated. I am questioning some of the vaccinations that they are asking for. Is there anything that I can do to go around these requirements? (05:32) Laura - Can we be spiritually oppressed or attacked? (14:12) Rocio - I wanted to encourage Kate. I stumbled on Kolbe Academy because of Relevant Radio. (27:56) Susanne – My friend called and said she will be going to Switzerland for assisted suicide. What can I do? (32:48) Francisco (email) – What’s the name of that book? Answer: “The Spiritual Combat” by Lorenzo Scupoli (41:05) Robert - Is the relationship in the Trinity akin to being the vine and branches? (42:14) Nicholas - How do you understand Revelations 21:8.? What is a 2nd death? (44:41)

On todays Show we celebrate the return of Texas Jim and we talk about Jimbo's paper on early Christian liturgical and catechetical patterns, which identified 12 features of apostolic Christianity. These include beliefs in God's unity, Jesus' divinity and humanity, and the resurrection. Jimbo compared Apostolic Fathers' texts with Nag Hammadi texts, finding that only the Secret Book of James and some Valentinian texts partially aligned with the narrative pattern. The paper concluded that early Christianity was unified around these beliefs, despite diverse practices. The conversation also touched on the implications of these findings for modern Christian orthodoxy and the importance of implicit versus explicit theological statements. The discussion delves into the interpretation of the Bible, emphasizing the depth beyond literalism. Speaker 2 critiques the shallow approach of Richard Dawkins and others, advocating for a deeper understanding of Christianity's narrative and salvific plan. The conversation highlights the unity of Christianity through 12 core features, despite diverse practices like communion. They contrast this with Gnostic texts, which deviate significantly from Apostolic Christian principles. The narrative pattern unites major Christian denominations, including Protestantism, Eastern Orthodoxy, and Catholicism. Don't miss it!

On todays show James, Chris, Jimmy, and Glenn talk about  the Book of James, focusing on its practical and spiritual aspects. Key points included the importance of faith accompanied by deeds, the role of the Holy Spirit in conversion, and the debate between Calvinism and Arminianism on predestination. The conversation highlighted James's emphasis on treating the poor with respect and the need for a changed heart to produce fruit of the Spirit. The group also explored the historical context of Martin Luther's critique of James, emphasizing that faith alone justifies, but works are evidence of true faith. The discussion emphasized the importance of both academic knowledge and practical application for pastors. Speaker 2 stressed that preachers need to understand complex theological concepts to address challenges from laypeople and to effectively communicate spiritual truths. They also highlighted the need for pastors to model their faith and provide practical guidance. The conversation touched on historical figures like Martin Luther and Calvin, and the significance of understanding theological contexts. Additionally, the speakers discussed the relevance of the Apostolic Fathers' Greek text and English translation. Don't miss the episode!

In this episode, Jared explores the life and legacy of Clement of Rome, one of the influential Apostolic Fathers who bridged the gap between the apostolic age and the expanding church of the second century. Discover how Clement's letter to the Corinthians—written to address division and restore unity—continues to offer timeless wisdom for Christians facing similar challenges today.Join The Church History Project Facebook group to dive deeper into discussions about the episodes and explore intriguing stories from church history. Visit the group ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠here⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠. If you'd like to support the show, you can do so through ⁠Buy Me a Coffee⁠. I truly appreciate your support!For other questions and comments, feel free to reach out to Jared at thechurchhistoryproject@gmail.com. For more content, visit the podcast ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠website ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠or wherever you find your podcasts.

This podcast episode introduces the Early Church Fathers, key figures who shaped Christian doctrine. It highlights their roles as theologians, bishops, and scholars who bridged the gap between the apostles and later ecumenical councils. The episode explores various groups, including the Apostolic Fathers, the Ante-Nicene Fathers, the Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers, and the Syriac Fathers, examining their unique contributions. It emphasizes the importance of these figures in defining orthodoxy, defending against heresies, and providing theological foundations. The podcast also touches upon the linguistic roots of the term "fathers of the faith" and their lasting impact on modern Christian practice. For more in depth teachings check our Academy. www.twinsbiblicalacademy.com

2/11/25 7am CT Hour - Monsignor James Shea/ William Albrecht John and Glen chat about the latest in the news. Monsignor talks about prayer, healing and Our Lady of Lourdes. The importance of looking at someone like they are a real person. William breaks down what the apostolic fathers believed and how it shaped the early church.

The episode dives deep into the debate around the Protestant doctrine of justification in relation to early Church teachings. We explore the writings of early Church Fathers, contrasting beliefs about faith and works, and question the continuity of Christ's established Church.• Examining Protestant views on justification • Key insights from early Church Fathers on faith and works • Clement's teachings on obedience and justification • The hierarchical structure of the early Church • Importance of a tangible Church in faith practices • Understanding the role of action in salvation • Insights from Ignatius of Antioch on church unity • Analyzing the Shepherd of Hermas and Epistle to Diognetus • Raising questions about the essence of faith todayThank you for journeying w/ the Saints with us!

Questions Covered: 05:24 – Isn’t it correct to say that some good works are necessary to retain our salvation? Isn’t Jesus listing grave sins of omission that imperil salvation at the end of Mt 25? Isn’t a grave sin of omission a failure to do an obligatory good work?  12:35 – What is the basis between mortal and venial sin in scripture and tradition. Is 1 John 5’s talk of sin that leads to death about mortal sin or the unforgivable sin? If it is about mortal sin, are we not to pray for the forgiveness of someone’s mortal sin (i.e., that they go to confession?  19:40 – In your book The Early Church was the Catholic Church, you cite how strong belief in baptismal regeneration was, to the point of people delaying baptism until the end of life to avoid sinning after baptism. This doesn't seem like behavior we would expect if the sacrament of confession was passed down from the apostles. What early evidence do we have of the sacrament of confession?  24:56 – I hope it is not too late! Who are the Apostolic Fathers? Who are the Church Fathers? What’s the difference among them?  29:18 – I know the usual line for “sin” committed in dreams is that they cannot be mortal sins since in a dream you do not have full consent of the will, but would that also apply to Lucid Dreams? Lucid Dreams are ones that you can control, and there are methods to get this to happen intentionally. Would this increase of conscious control over the dream allow it to become a Mortal Sin?  33:35 – Was Jesus Christ Himself actually the first pope?  Didn’t He actually established the Church through His ministry and the selection of His Apostles?  Or is this a really meaningless distinction?  37:19 – How can we understand when the words (direct speech) of God are quoted in the Old Testament? Was it, for example, some kind of inner hearing of God? Or a direct revelation of God? How did the characters know that this was what God was saying to them?  45:09 – Are Sacramentals (such as holy water in Anglican churches) blessed by either Priests not in communion with Rome or Non Apostolic priests Valid?  49:30 – Can you help me answer people who think that the pope arose in the early church because of politics? For example, I know someone who thinks that when Clement was telling the (Corinthians, I think?) to not dismiss their leaders in direct contradiction with Scripture in order to gain power.  52:36 – My question is…are you ready for Jesus?!  …

Full Text of ReadingsFriday of the Thirty-fourth Week in Ordinary Time Lectionary: 507The Saint of the day is Saint ClementSaint Clement's Story Clement of Rome was the third successor of Saint Peter, reigning as pope during the last decade of the first century. He's known as one of the Church's five “Apostolic Fathers,” those who provided a direct link between the Apostles and later generations of Church Fathers. Clement's First Epistle to the Corinthians was preserved and widely read in the early Church. This letter from the bishop of Rome to the Church in Corinth concerns a split that alienated a large number of the laity from the clergy. Deploring the unauthorized and unjustifiable division in the Corinthian community, Clement urged charity to heal the rift. Reflection Today many in the Church experience polarization regarding worship, how we speak of God, and other issues. We'd do well to take to heart the exhortation from Clement's Epistle: “Charity unites us to God. It knows no schism, does not rebel, does all things in concord. In charity all the elect of God have been made perfect.” Rome's Basilica of St. Clement, one of the city's earliest parish churches, is probably built on the site of Clement's home. History tells us that Pope Clement was martyred either in the year 99 or in 101. His liturgical feast is celebrated on November 23. Saint Clement is the Patron Saint of: Marble WorkersMarinersTanners Saint of the Day, Copyright Franciscan Media

Dr. Svigel returns to the BTM podcast to discuss what the early church fathers (Apostolic Fathers) have to say about the End Times. We disuss the writings of Irenaeus, Shepherd of Hermas, Epistle of Barnabas, Papias, Justin Martyr, and the Didache have to say about the tribulation, Anti-Christ, judgment of the wicked, resurrection of the saints, and the coming 1,000 year reign of Christ on the earth. You won't want to miss this discussion. We also discuss when and how the church changed so drastically from its earliest teaching on the end times.

Dr. Michael Svigel, Department Chair and Professor of Theological Studies at Dallas Theological Seminary returns to the Bible and Theology Matters podcast to discuss his soon to be released book Fathers on the Future: A 2nd Century Eschatology for the 21st Century Church. In it we begin to discuss what the Apostolic Fathers have to say about the end times. It is sure to be a fascinating discussion. This book is the byproduct of Dr. Svigel's 17 years of teaching on Eschatology as well as his man years teaching a course on the Apostolic Fathers! 

Written in Rome as a book with revelatory intentions, the early Christian work known as the Shepherd of Hermas flourished especially in the second, third, and fourth centuries CE, was quoted as scripture by several church fathers, and, on the balance of manuscript attestation and translations from Greek to other languages, “is one of the most widely attested early Christian texts” (Lookadoo, 25). By contrast, outside of a niche of scholars, the book is widely unknown and underappreciated in the 21st century.  In The Shepherd of Hermas: A Literary, Historical, and Theological Handbook (Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2021), Jonathon Lookadoo seeks to enable a wide range of readers to engage with this unfamiliar book via a focus on the text and message of Hermas, the theological themes with coherence to more familiar books of the New Testament, metaphors unique to Hermas's “apocalyptic” imagination, and a digestible introduction to the enduring questions of critical scholarship such as authorship, date, authority/canonicity of the Shepherd, and its complex history of reception within the church. Dr. Lookadoo joined the New Books Network to discuss these issues and more from his worthy attempt to invite a wider circle of readers into the range of books that inspired forms of early Christian piety. Jonathon Lookadoo (Ph.D., University of Otago, 2017) is Associate Professor at the Presbyterian University and Theological Seminary in Seoul, South Korea. His research interests range across the first two centuries of Christian history, with a particular focus on the Apostolic Fathers, while also taking interest in the writings of Paul and John and their reception in the second century. In addition to the present handbook on the Shepherd of Hermas, he is the author of The Christology of Ignatius of Antioch (Cascade Books, 2023) and The Epistle of Barnabas: A Commentary (Cascade, 2022). In his spare time, he enjoys running, hiking, and KBO baseball. Rob Heaton (Ph.D., University of Denver, 2019) hosts Biblical Studies conversations for New Books in Religion and teaches New Testament, Christian origins, and early Christianity at Anderson University in Indiana. He recently authored The Shepherd of Hermas as Scriptura Non Grata: From Popularity in Early Christianity to Exclusion from the New Testament Canon (Lexington Books, 2023). For more about Rob and his work, or to offer feedback related to this episode, please visit his website at https://www.robheaton.com. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Written in Rome as a book with revelatory intentions, the early Christian work known as the Shepherd of Hermas flourished especially in the second, third, and fourth centuries CE, was quoted as scripture by several church fathers, and, on the balance of manuscript attestation and translations from Greek to other languages, “is one of the most widely attested early Christian texts” (Lookadoo, 25). By contrast, outside of a niche of scholars, the book is widely unknown and underappreciated in the 21st century.  In The Shepherd of Hermas: A Literary, Historical, and Theological Handbook (Bloomsbury T&T Clark, 2021), Jonathon Lookadoo seeks to enable a wide range of readers to engage with this unfamiliar book via a focus on the text and message of Hermas, the theological themes with coherence to more familiar books of the New Testament, metaphors unique to Hermas's “apocalyptic” imagination, and a digestible introduction to the enduring questions of critical scholarship such as authorship, date, authority/canonicity of the Shepherd, and its complex history of reception within the church. Dr. Lookadoo joined the New Books Network to discuss these issues and more from his worthy attempt to invite a wider circle of readers into the range of books that inspired forms of early Christian piety. Jonathon Lookadoo (Ph.D., University of Otago, 2017) is Associate Professor at the Presbyterian University and Theological Seminary in Seoul, South Korea. His research interests range across the first two centuries of Christian history, with a particular focus on the Apostolic Fathers, while also taking interest in the writings of Paul and John and their reception in the second century. In addition to the present handbook on the Shepherd of Hermas, he is the author of The Christology of Ignatius of Antioch (Cascade Books, 2023) and The Epistle of Barnabas: A Commentary (Cascade, 2022). In his spare time, he enjoys running, hiking, and KBO baseball. Rob Heaton (Ph.D., University of Denver, 2019) hosts Biblical Studies conversations for New Books in Religion and teaches New Testament, Christian origins, and early Christianity at Anderson University in Indiana. He recently authored The Shepherd of Hermas as Scriptura Non Grata: From Popularity in Early Christianity to Exclusion from the New Testament Canon (Lexington Books, 2023). For more about Rob and his work, or to offer feedback related to this episode, please visit his website at https://www.robheaton.com. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Composed within the first Christian century by a Roman named Hermas, the Shepherd remains a mysterious and underestimated book to scholars and laypeople alike.  In The Shepherd of Hermas As Scriptura Non Grata: From Popularity in Early Christianity to Exclusion from the New Testament Canon (Rowman & Littlefield, 2023), Robert D. Heaton argues that early Christians mainly received the Shepherd positively and accepted it unproblematically alongside texts that would ultimately be canonized, requiring decisive actions to exclude it from the late-emerging collection of texts now known as the New Testament. Freshly evaluating the evidence for its popularity in patristic treatises, manuscript recoveries, and Christian material culture, Heaton propounds an interpretation of the Shepherd of Hermas as a book meant to guide his readers toward salvation. Ultimately, Heaton depicts the loss of the Shepherd from the closed catalogue of Christian scriptures as a deliberate constrictive move by the fourth-century Alexandrian bishop Athanasius, who found it useless for his political, theological, and ecclesiological objectives and instead characterized it as a book favored by his heretical enemies. While the book's detractors succeeded in derailing its diffusion for centuries, the survival of the Shepherd today attests that many dissented from the church's final judgment about Hermas's text, which portends a version of early Christianity that was definitively overridden by devotion to Christ himself, rather than principally to his virtues. Robert D. Heaton teaches New Testament, Christian Origins, and Early Christianity at Anderson University in Indiana. He also hosts podcasts for New Books in Religion. His research focuses on the New Testament canon and other early Christian literature, especially subcanonical books like The Shepherd of Hermas and the Apostolic Fathers. For more about Rob and his work, please see his website. Jonathon Lookadoo is Associate Professor at the Presbyterian University and Theological Seminary in Seoul, South Korea. While his interests range widely over the world of early Christianity, he is the author of books on the Epistle of Barnabas, Ignatius of Antioch, and the Shepherd of Hermas, including The Christology of Ignatius of Antioch (Cascade, 2023). Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Composed within the first Christian century by a Roman named Hermas, the Shepherd remains a mysterious and underestimated book to scholars and laypeople alike.  In The Shepherd of Hermas As Scriptura Non Grata: From Popularity in Early Christianity to Exclusion from the New Testament Canon (Rowman & Littlefield, 2023), Robert D. Heaton argues that early Christians mainly received the Shepherd positively and accepted it unproblematically alongside texts that would ultimately be canonized, requiring decisive actions to exclude it from the late-emerging collection of texts now known as the New Testament. Freshly evaluating the evidence for its popularity in patristic treatises, manuscript recoveries, and Christian material culture, Heaton propounds an interpretation of the Shepherd of Hermas as a book meant to guide his readers toward salvation. Ultimately, Heaton depicts the loss of the Shepherd from the closed catalogue of Christian scriptures as a deliberate constrictive move by the fourth-century Alexandrian bishop Athanasius, who found it useless for his political, theological, and ecclesiological objectives and instead characterized it as a book favored by his heretical enemies. While the book's detractors succeeded in derailing its diffusion for centuries, the survival of the Shepherd today attests that many dissented from the church's final judgment about Hermas's text, which portends a version of early Christianity that was definitively overridden by devotion to Christ himself, rather than principally to his virtues. Robert D. Heaton teaches New Testament, Christian Origins, and Early Christianity at Anderson University in Indiana. He also hosts podcasts for New Books in Religion. His research focuses on the New Testament canon and other early Christian literature, especially subcanonical books like The Shepherd of Hermas and the Apostolic Fathers. For more about Rob and his work, please see his website. Jonathon Lookadoo is Associate Professor at the Presbyterian University and Theological Seminary in Seoul, South Korea. While his interests range widely over the world of early Christianity, he is the author of books on the Epistle of Barnabas, Ignatius of Antioch, and the Shepherd of Hermas, including The Christology of Ignatius of Antioch (Cascade, 2023). Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/intellectual-history

Composed within the first Christian century by a Roman named Hermas, the Shepherd remains a mysterious and underestimated book to scholars and laypeople alike.  In The Shepherd of Hermas As Scriptura Non Grata: From Popularity in Early Christianity to Exclusion from the New Testament Canon (Rowman & Littlefield, 2023), Robert D. Heaton argues that early Christians mainly received the Shepherd positively and accepted it unproblematically alongside texts that would ultimately be canonized, requiring decisive actions to exclude it from the late-emerging collection of texts now known as the New Testament. Freshly evaluating the evidence for its popularity in patristic treatises, manuscript recoveries, and Christian material culture, Heaton propounds an interpretation of the Shepherd of Hermas as a book meant to guide his readers toward salvation. Ultimately, Heaton depicts the loss of the Shepherd from the closed catalogue of Christian scriptures as a deliberate constrictive move by the fourth-century Alexandrian bishop Athanasius, who found it useless for his political, theological, and ecclesiological objectives and instead characterized it as a book favored by his heretical enemies. While the book's detractors succeeded in derailing its diffusion for centuries, the survival of the Shepherd today attests that many dissented from the church's final judgment about Hermas's text, which portends a version of early Christianity that was definitively overridden by devotion to Christ himself, rather than principally to his virtues. Robert D. Heaton teaches New Testament, Christian Origins, and Early Christianity at Anderson University in Indiana. He also hosts podcasts for New Books in Religion. His research focuses on the New Testament canon and other early Christian literature, especially subcanonical books like The Shepherd of Hermas and the Apostolic Fathers. For more about Rob and his work, please see his website. Jonathon Lookadoo is Associate Professor at the Presbyterian University and Theological Seminary in Seoul, South Korea. While his interests range widely over the world of early Christianity, he is the author of books on the Epistle of Barnabas, Ignatius of Antioch, and the Shepherd of Hermas, including The Christology of Ignatius of Antioch (Cascade, 2023). Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

This is part 11 of the Read the Bible For Yourself. The Gospels are evangelistic biographies of Jesus. In today's episode you'll learn the basic storyline of the four biblical Gospels: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. Then we'll go through them from shortest to longest to see how each brings a unique and helpful perspective in telling the life of Christ. We'll also hit some important concepts like the kingdom of God, parables, and the word of God. Lastly, we'll ask about application. How can you figure out which sayings of Christ apply to you today and which ones do not? Listen to this episode on Spotify or Apple Podcasts https://youtu.be/0iHhidbL4e8?si=3rs4fGGtQjsJAObB —— Links —— See other episodes in Read the Bible For Yourself Other classes are available here, including How We Got the Bible, which explores the manuscript transmission and translation of the Bible Get the transcript of this episode Support Restitutio by donating here Join our Restitutio Facebook Group and follow Sean Finnegan on Twitter @RestitutioSF Leave a voice message via SpeakPipe with questions or comments and we may play them out on the air Intro music: Good Vibes by MBB Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-SA 3.0) Free Download / Stream: Music promoted by Audio Library. Who is Sean Finnegan?  Read his bio here —— Notes —— The Four Gospels Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John Gospel = good news The Gospels are biographies about Jesus which seek to convince readers about the good news that he is the Messiah. Basic Storyline of the Gospels Birth narratives John's ministry John baptizes Jesus. Jesus calls the twelve. Teachings of Jesus Miracles of Jesus Conflict with critics Triumphal entry Intensified conflict Last supper Arrest, trial, execution Resurrection appearances Great commission Mark (11,305 words) Papias: “And the elder used to say this: ‘Mark, having become Peter's interpreter, wrote down accurately everything he remembered, though not in order, of the things either said or done by Christ. For he neither heard the Lord nor followed him, but afterward, as I said, followed Peter, who adapted his teachings as needed but had no intention of giving an ordered account of the Lord's sayings. Consequently Mark did nothing wrong in writing down some things as he remembered them, for he made it his one concern not to omit anything that he heard or to make any false statement in them.'”[1] John (15,633 words) Purpose statement: John 20:30-3130 Now Jesus did many other signs in the presence of his disciples that are not written in this book. 31 But these are written so that you may continue to believe that Jesus is the Messiah, the Son of God, and that through believing you may have life in his name. Matthew (18,348 words) Five blocks of teaching 5-7 Sermon on the Mount 10 Missionary Instruction 13 Parables of the Kingdom 18 Discourse on the Church 24-25 Olivet Discourse Luke (19,483 words) Luke's method: Luke 1:1-41 Since many have undertaken to compile a narrative about the events that have been fulfilled among us, 2 just as they were handed on to us by those who from the beginning were eyewitnesses and servants of the word, 3 I, too, decided, as one having a grasp of everything from the start, to write a well-ordered account for you, most excellent Theophilus, 4 so that you may have a firm grasp of the words in which you have been instructed. Luke's historical precision: Luke 3:1-21 In the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, when Pontius Pilate was governor of Judea, and Herod was ruler of Galilee, and his brother Philip ruler of the region of Ituraea and Trachonitis, and Lysanias ruler of Abilene, 2 during the high priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas, the word of God came to John son of Zechariah in the wilderness. The Synoptic Gospels Matthew, Mark, and Luke Matthew and Luke quote Mark extensively. Both quote another source of sayings as well. Still, much of Matthew and Luke is unique to them. Fee & Stuart: “Take, for example, the fact that there is such a high degree of verbal similarity among Matthew, Mark, and Luke in their narratives, as well as in their recording of the sayings of Jesus. Remarkable verbal similarities should not surprise us about the sayings of the one who spoke as no one ever did (John 7:46). But for this to carry over to the narratives is something else again—especially so when one considers (1) that these stories were first told in Aramaic, yet we are talking about the use of Greek words; (2) that Greek word order is extremely free, yet often the similarities extend even to precise word order; and (3) that it is highly unlikely that three people in three different parts of the Roman Empire would tell the same story with the same words—even to such minor points of individual style as prepositions and conjunctions.”[2] Fee & Stuart: “The best explanation of all the data is …that Mark wrote his gospel first, probably in part at least from his recollection of Peter's preaching and teaching. Luke and Matthew had access to Mark's gospel and independently used it as the basic source for their own. But they also had access to all kinds of other material about Jesus, some of which they had in common. This common material, however, is scarcely ever presented in the same order in the two gospels, a fact suggesting that neither one had access to the other's writing. Finally, John wrote independently of the other three, and thus his gospel has little material in common with them. This, we would note, is how the Holy Spirit inspired the writing of the Gospels. …[W]ith the Spirit's help, they creatively structured and rewrote the materials to meet the needs of their readers.”[3] Kingdom of God Understanding what Jesus meant by the kingdom of God is critical Fee & Stuart: “[T]he major hermeneutical difficulty lies with understanding “the kingdom of God,” a term that is absolutely crucial to the whole of Jesus' ministry…”[4] Likely, Jesus was pulling from Daniel who prophesies extensively about God's kingdom coming to earth (Dan 2:44; 7:26-27) Parables Short fictional stories that make a point Get the main point; don't get lost in trying to find a meaning for every aspect of the story. Jesus told some parables to hide truth from those who didn't want it. He told others to teach his disciples important truth simply and effectively. Still others, he told as zingers to confront his critics. Word of God The Bible does not typically call itself “the word”. “The word” is the message Jesus preached to repent due to the coming Kingdom. He wasn't telling his Jewish listeners to repent and believe in the Bible, since they already believed in it. Compare Mark 4:13-15; Luke 8:11-12; Mat 13:19 Word = word of God = word of the Kingdom Application Must discern between the sayings Jesus limited to the people in front of him at that time and those that remain applicable to all his followers today Mat 10:9-11 tells his disciples not to carry any money with them. Does that mean true Christians don't use money and just mooch off their neighbors? Luke 6:27-28 tells us to love our enemies, a commandment repeated in Mat 5:43-48; Rom 12:17-21; 1 Pet 3:9-11 and exemplified by Jesus' actions. Review The NT begins with four evangelistic biographies of Jesus called Gospels. Mark is the shortest Gospel. Its action-packed narrative is probably derived from Peter's recollections as well as God's direction via his spirit. John is the most theologically developed, and it contains monologues where Jesus talks about himself and his relationship to his Father. Matthew showcases Jesus as a Rabbi who teaches his followers how to live in light of the Kingdom of God. Luke was a careful historian who made an effort to present a "well-ordered account" to present the life of Christ to a noble Roman audience. The Kingdom of God is the core of Jesus' message and ministry. It refers to a coming age when God sets everything wrong with the world right. Jesus' favorite self-title was "Son of Man," which could either mean a human being or the ruler of the coming Kingdom. Parables are short fictional stories told to make a point. In the Gospels, the "word" refers to the message Jesus preached about the Kingdom of God, not the Bible in general. Although it's hard to be sure, most think Matthew and Luke used Mark as a source as well as another sayings source. In order to discern what sayings of Jesus apply to you, consider the circumstances in which they were given, whether other parts of the NT repeat the statement, and what Jesus' example can tell you. [1] Fragments of Papias 3.15 in Apostolic Fathers, trans. Michael Holmes, 3rd ed. (Grand Rapids, Baker Academic, 2007). [2] Gordon D. Fee and Douglas Stuart, How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth (Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 2014), 141. [3] Stuart, 142. [4] Stuart, 132.

Direct links to all our podcasts: https://anchor.fm/orthodox-christian-teaching — An address of Fr Jack Sparks of blessed memory, during the 1988 Missions and Evangelism Conference of the Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese of North America, He was one of the original group who came to Orthodoxy from Campus Crusade for Christ along with Fr. Peter Gillquist, Fr. Jon Braun, Fr. Gordon Walker, and others. He compiled the well-loved writings of the Apostolic Fathers, and he was the project director for the Orthodox Study Bible. Fr. Jack Sparks fell asleep in the Lord on Monday, February 8, 2010.

Discovered and published in 1740 by the Ambrosian librarian Ludovico Muratori, the so-called “Muratorian Fragment” has long featured for New Testament scholars as a piece of second-century evidence for a canonical impulse in early Christianity. Challengers to this second-century dating in recent decades have done little to shake a popular conception that the Fragment authentically reflects a remarkably early and idiosyncratic view on Christian scriptural collections that do not seem to have been meaningfully codified, by other means, until the late fourth century.  Stepping into this impasse with The Muratorian Fragment: Text, Translation, Commentary (Mohr Siebeck, 2022), Clare K. Rothschild freshly evaluates the text of the singly attested eighth-century manuscript and its wider context in situ within the “Muratorian Codex,” offering both a neutral presentation of the evidence as well as a novel argument attributing its composition to the orbit of the fourth-century treatise writer Ambrosiaster. The result is a true “critical edition” for the Muratorian Fragment, advancing scholarship and allowing fellow academics who marshal its data to confront the manuscript's unparalleled oddity within the landscape of early Christian writ. Rothschild joined the New Books Network to discuss her conscientious handling of this “lightning rod in biblical studies,” its limited comparative material from prologues and early apologetics, and especially the ways that scholarship might progress beyond deeply held commitments to the Muratorian Fragment's relevance to the question of the New Testament canon. Clare K. Rothschild (Ph.D., University of Chicago, 2003) is Professor of Scripture Studies at Lewis University. Her research interests range throughout the textual landscape of the New Testament and other early Christian texts, from Luke-Acts to Pauline texts and from the Apostolic Fathers to the Muratorian Fragment, and her other major publications with Mohr Siebeck have included Hebrews as Pseudepigraphon: The History and Significance of Pauline Attribution of Hebrews (2009) and The Benedictine Prologue: A Contribution to the Early History of the Latin Prologues to the Pauline Epistles (2023, with Jeremy C. Thompson). She is currently preparing a commentary on the Epistle of Barnabas for Fortress Press's Hermeneia series and serves as General Editor of the journal Early Christianity and the Society of Biblical Literature series Writings from the Greco-Roman World. In her spare time, Rothschild enjoys yoga and playing cello in various small orchestras and ensembles. Rob Heaton (Ph.D., University of Denver, 2019) hosts Biblical Studies conversations for New Books in Religion and teaches New Testament, Christian origins, and early Christianity at Anderson University in Indiana. He recently authored The Shepherd of Hermas as Scriptura Non Grata: From Popularity in Early Christianity to Exclusion from the New Testament Canon (Lexington Books, 2023). For more about Rob and his work, or to offer feedback related to this episode, please visit his website at https://www.robheaton.com. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

John Brisson is back after a couple of years and things have changed. He's gone from a Gnostic, Theosophist - he would say to born again Christian. This is not just one of our past guests.... seems to a slight trend. What's up with that? We chat about his YouTube cancellation, during covid, the pizzagate talk, Michael Joseph, Bailey/Blavatsky split, and who is channeling demons.   Has earth been given over to Satan? Is humanity being culled? We also into Rockefeller influence on Nag Hamadi, technomancy, his born again experience with kundalini leaving and the Holy Spirit coming in. What was Wilhelm Reich doing with kids in the basement? Is orgone just a distraction? CNP, Apostolic Fathers, the major pendulum swing happening right now all over the West, Kirwin's biblical Mandela, and the last tribe of Dan are also discussed in this first part.   In the second part we get into Darren's Atlas Shrugged world, and the herd being dangerous, when the White Lodge shows itself, who will be leading the charge in the revolution when the pendulum is back, the Mark of the Beast has to be an intentional choice - it wasn't the jab, Operation Tiberius Kirk, Operation Warp Speed, Trump, Canadian parallels, Fabian Socialism and Palantir massive health data collection.   We go deeper into the CNP. Is it also responsible for the destruction of the West? Dark Alliance? What about Turning Point? Moms for Liberty? Why is this club so secret compared to the CFR? Clinton impeachment distraction in context, the real border wall - virutal, Rex 84, Fema camps, sound of Freedom, limited hangout, Tribulation, some of the so called outsiders like Gaetz are also all discussed.   Some good quotes from John - Controlled Great Reset into a false Great Awakening, Externalization of the Hierarchy.   https://twitter.com/weve_read https://linktr.ee/weveread https://www.fixyourgut.com/author/jwbrisson/   To gain access to the second half of show and our Plus feed for audio and podcast please clink the link http://www.grimericaoutlawed.ca/support.   For second half of video (when applicable and audio) go to our Substack and Subscribe. https://grimericaoutlawed.substack.com/ or to our Locals  https://grimericaoutlawed.locals.com/   Help support the show, because we can't do it without ya. If you value this content with 0 ads, 0 sponsorships, 0 breaks, 0 portals and links to corporate websites, please assist. Many hours of unlimited content for free. Thanks for listening!!   Support the show directly: https://grimerica.ca/support-2/ Our Adultbrain Audiobook Podcast and Website: www.adultbrain.ca Our Audiobook Youtube Channel:  https://www.youtube.com/@adultbrainaudiobookpublishing/videos Grimerica Media Youtube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/@grimerica/featured Darren's book www.acanadianshame.ca Check out our next trip/conference/meetup - Contact at the Cabin www.contactatthecabin.com Other affiliated shows: www.grimerica.ca The OG Grimerica Show www.Rokfin.com/Grimerica Our channel on free speech Rokfin Join the chat / hangout with a bunch of fellow Grimericans  Https://t.me.grimerica https://www.guilded.gg/chat/b7af7266-771d-427f-978c-872a7962a6c2?messageId=c1e1c7cd-c6e9-4eaf-abc9-e6ec0be89ff3   Get your Magic Mushrooms delivered from: Champignon Magique  Mushroom Spores, Spore Syringes, Best Spore Syringes,Grow Mushrooms Spores Lab Get Psychedelics online Leave a review on iTunes and/or Stitcher: https://itunes.apple.com/ca/podcast/grimerica-outlawed http://www.stitcher.com/podcast/grimerica-outlawed Sign up for our newsletter http://www.grimerica.ca/news SPAM Graham = and send him your synchronicities, feedback, strange experiences and psychedelic trip reports!! graham@grimerica.com InstaGRAM https://www.instagram.com/the_grimerica_show_podcast/  Purchase swag, with partial proceeds donated to the show www.grimerica.ca/swag Send us a postcard or letter http://www.grimerica.ca/contact/ ART - Napolean Duheme's site http://www.lostbreadcomic.com/  MUSIC Tru Northperception, Felix's Site sirfelix.bandcamp.com

Full Text of ReadingsWednesday of the Thirty-fourth Week in Ordinary Time Lectionary: 505The Saint of the day is Saint ClementSaint Clement's Story Clement of Rome was the third successor of Saint Peter, reigning as pope during the last decade of the first century. He's known as one of the Church's five “Apostolic Fathers,” those who provided a direct link between the Apostles and later generations of Church Fathers. Clement's First Epistle to the Corinthians was preserved and widely read in the early Church. This letter from the bishop of Rome to the Church in Corinth concerns a split that alienated a large number of the laity from the clergy. Deploring the unauthorized and unjustifiable division in the Corinthian community, Clement urged charity to heal the rift. Reflection Today many in the Church experience polarization regarding worship, how we speak of God, and other issues. We'd do well to take to heart the exhortation from Clement's Epistle: “Charity unites us to God. It knows no schism, does not rebel, does all things in concord. In charity all the elect of God have been made perfect.” Rome's Basilica of St. Clement, one of the city's earliest parish churches, is probably built on the site of Clement's home. History tells us that Pope Clement was martyred either in the year 99 or in 101. His liturgical feast is celebrated on November 23. Saint Clement is the Patron Saint of: Marble WorkersMarinersTanners Saint of the Day, Copyright Franciscan Media