Podcasts about superconductors

Last 4 days before regular tickets sell out at AI Engineer World's Fair - this is the single biggest gathering of AI Engineers, Founders, Leaders, and Researchers in the world. Attendees get >$5000 worth of sponsor credits and talk tracks are looking FANTASTIC. Join us!The AI scaling debate always focuses on the question of “how do we get more GPUs?” but the better question may be: how do we make the most of ones we already have.The fact that a frontier lab like xAI could be running at sub-10% MFU (Model FLOPs Utilization) is just a hint at what the real problem may be.For context, older frontier-scale training runs were already much higher than 10%. GPT-3 was around 21% MFU. Gopher was around 32%. Megatron-Turing NLG was around 30%. PaLM reached around 46%. And our guest Anjney says best-in-class MFU today is closer to 60–70%.It's not necessarily that xAI is uniquely incompetent (it's clear they have talented folks) but rather the priorities may be flipped in the GPU arms race.While GPU access is a bottleneck, simply increasing CapEx won't automatically translate to better models as frontier AI is increasingly a systems problem: scheduling, utilization, networking, kernels, frameworks, data pipelines, parallelism, cluster reliability, and the thousand small decisions that determine whether your theoretical FLOPs become real training progress.From building Discord's developer platform and backing frontier AI companies like Anthropic, Mistral, Black Forest Labs, and Periodic Labs to now building AMP's independent compute grid, Anjney Midha has spent years close to the real bottlenecks of AI scaling. In this episode, Anjney joins swyx at Periodic Labs to unpack why the AI race is not just about buying more GPUs, why 95% utilization would have been considered an outage at Google, and why the next era of AI infrastructure has to be more aligned, more efficient, and more responsible.We go deep on AMP's vision for a compute grid that makes FLOPs flow like megawatts, the difference between full-stack AI labs and horizontal pooling, why AI data centers need community buy-in, and how compute markets could evolve into something closer to an independent system operator. Anjney also explains why DeepMind's unpublished research points to a market failure, why end-of-life prediction remains one of the most important AI applications he has thought about for fourteen years, and why “output maxing” may become a new discipline for frontier systems.We also discuss Anthropic's culture, why “luck favors the prepared mind” in coding models, how Claude cracked coding, why too much capital too early can make AI labs fragile, what Periodic Labs is trying to do with science and superconductors, why great researchers can become great CEOs, and why Silicon Valley is both deeply missionary and deeply mercenary.We discuss:* Why 95% utilization was considered an outage at Google* Why AI infrastructure waste compounds at frontier-lab scale* Why “move fast and break things” does not work for AI data centers* How data center backlash, power grids, and community incentives shape AI scaling* AMP's vision for making FLOPs flow like megawatts* Why compute needs an independent system operator* How interruptible demand and dynamic prioritization worked inside Google* Why DeepMind research hoarding creates negative externalities* AMP's 1.2GW base-load ambition and the need for 6GW of spike capacity* Why end-of-life prediction could become one of AI's most important healthcare applications* Frontier Systems, output maxing, and full-stack alignment* Why APIs and abstraction layers become lossy as organizations scale* Superconductors, standards, and the dream of lossless systems* SF Compute, open protocols, and the future of compute marketplaces* Why non-NVIDIA chips can still benefit from NVIDIA's reference architecture* Trust boundaries and why chip startups need visibility into future model architectures* Why VCs often underestimate researchers as CEOs* Scientists as star athletes of the mind* Why great CEOs need to be confrontational up and down the stack* Why leading the frontier matters more than “winning”* How Anthropic cracked coding* Why culture is fragile, not a permanent moat* Why hardship was a feature, not a bug, for Anthropic* Why Anthropic's P0 was coding from day one* Periodic Labs, physics as the constraint, and technical reality* Silicon Valley mercenaries, missionary teams, and what happens after a breakthroughAnjney Midha* LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/anjney* X: https://x.com/AnjneyMidhaAMP PBC* Website: https://amppublic.com/* X: https://x.com/amppublicTimestamps00:00:00 Introduction00:00:09 Why AI Compute Is Being Wasted00:03:17 Responsible Infrastructure and Data Center Backlash00:06:07 AMP Grid: Making FLOPs Flow Like Megawatts00:12:41 Foundry, Frontier Labs, and Research Hoarding00:14:42 Gigawatt-Scale Compute and End-of-Life Prediction00:24:08 Frontier Systems, Output Maxing, and Alignment00:27:38 Compute Markets, SF Compute, and Non-NVIDIA Chips00:32:57 Trust Boundaries, Co-Design, and Researcher CEOs00:38:17 AI Coachella and First-Principles Thinking00:42:43 Leading vs Winning in Frontier AI00:45:54 How Anthropic Cracked Coding00:48:25 Culture, Hardship, and Anthropic's P000:54:03 Periodic Labs, Physics, and Silicon Valley Mercenaries00:56:26 Rishi Valley, Singapore, and Money as a Measure00:58:47 Closing ThoughtsTranscriptIntroduction: Anjney Midha, AMP, and Compute WasteSwyx [00:00:00]: We're in Periodic Labs with Anjney Midha, CEO, founder of AMP. Welcome.Compute Utilization: Node Allocation, MFU, and AlignmentAnjney [00:00:09]: Thanks for having me. At Google, there are two types of utilization usually, right? That you're measuring in these clusters. One is node allocation, and then the other's MFU. Node utilization is usually like what percentage of cards in the data center are just, used, and that, if it's not at, 95%-Swyx [00:00:29]: There is no excuseAnjney [00:00:29]: There's no excuse, right? I think 95% at Google, which is where my co-founder, Seb, came from, he built the Borg, PBorg/GQM scheduler at Google, and there I think 95% was considered an outage, so 96% node utilization is, should be standard. And most single-tenant clusters are not running at that. So that's one. And then MFU should be, I would say the best in class today is somewhere between 60 and 70%. I think this is a leadership question, right? Fundamentally it's an alignment question, which is are the people who are funding the cluster and then deploying the cluster actually aligned? And sometimes theoretically they are, but in practice the number of people in the chain, the supply chain between, the capital and all the way to whoever's managing the cluster and then whoever's measuring what the output is, are just so many, degrees of separation away that, the, The Have you ever heard the radian metaphor, which is at the beginning of an arc, if you have two arcs that are two lines that are just off by a few degrees, that-Swyx [00:01:33]: It spreads outAnjney [00:01:34]: It spreads out, right? Or at scale. And I think what's happening is a lot of cluster implementations and infrastructure, a lot of frontier labs and other teams, that's what's happening, is they're, they initialize the plan, which is kind of like North Star with a team that wants to do good, but then they're, required to scale so fast instead of iteratively that the wastage just compounds really fast at scale. And so I think we know the answer, which is just do iterative bring ups. If you spend time with people who've been in the semiconductor industry or the DSN industry for a long time, this is not new, and I don't think AI should be an excuse. Sure. Something What is new? Okay. We have a lot of new capabilities, but that doesn't mean just abandon common sense. Common sense should always be in fashion. ? AI scaling doesn't change the in fact, if anything, AI scaling should be putting a premium on the value of common sense and infrastructure because the margin of error now is so much lower and the costs of wastage are so much higher. And the cost of wastage, by the way, is not just economic. I'm, obviously I'm, I'm an investor, or I'm an investor by background. Over the last few years now we're running an AI infrastructure business called, AMP. And I think that it's okay to say this time is different on the capabilities front. We are genuinely getting capabilities at, of the, of a kind we haven't had before. That doesn't give you an excuse to say this time is different for everything, especially infrastructure. So look, I love the hacker mindset and the hustler mindset. Now, that's great for the startup mindset, but you remember this moment where Zuck went from saying, “Move fast, break things” to, move-Responsible Infrastructure and Data Center BacklashSwyx [00:03:10]: Fast and stable infrastructureAnjney [00:03:11]: Move fast with stable infrastructure. I think now we need to move fast with, responsible infrastructure. People are going to ask where the impact is. There was a really In our class yesterday, Scott Nolan, who's the founder of General Matter, came by at Stanford to speak about energy bottlenecks. And he had a phenomenal idea. He said, “if you look at the marginal unit economics of compute per hour,” he goes, “let's call it, $4 an hour. If you're having to bring up a new data center in a new community, why not just say we're going to charge 4.50 an hour, and that marginal impact or that marginal increase, we just literally take that and give it to the local community as cash?” I can tell you as a customer of that compute, I would love that. I'd be happy to pay an additional 50 cents per hour at scale.Swyx [00:03:57]: Wow. Yeah.Anjney [00:03:58]: Because if that means the public benefit is so clear to the communities that the data centers are coming up in, I'm going to feel like that compute is much more reliable. Up to 20% of all data centers this year in the US, my understanding is are at risk.Swyx [00:04:13]: Of community backlash?Anjney [00:04:14]: Correct. Of not getting the community support they need to get brought up.Swyx [00:04:19]: Wow. That's a huge number.Anjney [00:04:20]: Yeah. Now, we, I think we should dig into what that number is. I think it's a little bit of overstated. These things can get over-reported, but it-Swyx [00:04:27]: They don't just care about jobs. They care about all the other stuff around it, right? They care about power grid, they care about environments-Anjney [00:04:33]: Power grid, permitting, and so on. And imagine I think if you said there's a new AI deal. If we're bringing up a data center in your community, we're actually going to reduce the cost of your electricity bill. Okay, now we're talking. Right? The community's going, “Okay. Now this is a deal. I feel like a partner in this.” Right now that's not happening. There will be audits, there will be investigations, and when the, when the regulators come, I don't know when it's going to be, the folks who are moving fast and breaking things in the name of AI progress better be prepared. That's certainly not how we're procuring compute. Or we're, we're trying as much as we can to work with partners who have long-term track records. Many of whom, by the way, are not, AI providers. I think this whole idea of neoclouds being somehow this new category is a lot of marketing speak. There are really good, reliable, trusted data center providers in America who've been around 20 plus years. I love those folks. They know how to Sure. Are they sponsoring happy hours at NeurIPS? No. Are they legibly listed in Build? No. Are they hanging out in my, in, situational awareness parties? No. But they're adults. I trust them.Swyx [00:05:44]: They can run LAN. They can run power.Anjney [00:05:45]: They can run LAN, power, and shell. They have credit histories. We sit down, we have a conversations. Many of them live in Silicon Valley. They've, they've had to deal with the boom and bust cycles of the internet, and I love those folks. They are stable infrastructure partners and thinkers. And I think there's a lot of short-term thinking going on in the compute layer, and it's going to catch up to us. It's not going to be good.AMP Grid: Making FLOPs Flow Like MegawattsSwyx [00:06:07]: You talk about aligning incentives, and, I would think that aligning incentives means you have the full stack in one company, which is xAI and OpenAI, right? So you as a standalone infrastructure layer, why are you somehow more aligned to your portfolio companies than people who just own the whole thing?Anjney [00:06:28]: In systems design, right, there's, there's two regimes of, architecture, right? You have integration, and then you have pooling and utilization, right? So the Or rather, the way to increase utilization often is you can do systems integration where you collapse a lot of process into one node, or you can pull out a process from a node and share that amongst various That resource amongst several different nodes. And so we see the AMP grid, which is, the, what, the system we're building here, which is basically a compute grid. We're trying to do for compute what the electric grid-Swyx [00:07:02]: PowerAnjney [00:07:02]: Yeah, what the power grid did for electricity. It-- this is a pooling and utilization layer across clouds, And so we're actually the opposite of a full stack integration like approach.Swyx [00:07:12]: Super horizontal.Anjney [00:07:13]: Where it's much more horizontal and it's, it's multi-cloud, it's multi-silicon. The goal is to try to make FLOPs flow like megawatts, and that is very hard to do today for many reasons. There's stranded pools of compute all over the place and there's no fungibility. And so right now we do it at the level of scheduling, and we often do it at the economic layer. But as we start to announce what we're working on, it's extraordinary like how many folks are coming out of the woodworks and saying, “Hey, I'm actually working on a way to make compute fungible at this part of the stack and that part of the stack.” And as a grid, we'd like all of these folks to participate on the grid. There's, people often ask me, “Andra, are you a new cloud?” And I go, “No, actually neoclouds are suppliers.” sometimes they'll ask, “Are you a venture capital firm?” I go, “No, actually they are, they are demand like sort of off-takers of the grid.” We see ourselves as what's called an independent system operator. So if you study the history of the electric grid, once it became legible to a lot of factories and industrial sort of participants that, hey, actually it turns out pooling is a good idea. We should pool our generators instead of all having a generator running at half capacity in our backyard. There was a need for an independent entity who could coordinate all these parties. Transmission line, power generation, facilities, transmission lines, factories, and that neutral coordination mechanism is very critical. In order-- If you study like the history of grids, the most enduring ones were those that never owned their own assets. They were ones that had, or often started with long-term anchors who are uncorrelated sources of demand, a steel factory, a shoe mill or whatever in a particular town who weren't competitive, where the steel factory want to spike up at night, the shoe mill wanted to spike up during the day. So then you pool and you share, right? So each of you is guaranteed some base load, but then you kind of schedule your spikes to drive a peak utilization across the town. The gold standard, so to speak, historically, has been these utility companies like PJM Interconnect in the northeast of America, where they, over many years became this what's called an ISO, an independent system operator of the grid. So that's how we see ourselves. Economically, that's what we are. From a technical perspective, we started at the scheduling layer because Seb and Mihai, who, run engineering here, built that at-Swyx [00:09:28]: Did your schedulingAnjney [00:09:28]: They did that at Google. And, -Swyx [00:09:32]: And you have infra shops from Discord as well.Anjney [00:09:35]: I have some.Swyx [00:09:35]: I don't know, I don't know if Discord is like the primary identity, but what-whatever, I'm just kind of-Anjney [00:09:39]: No, D-Discord was-Swyx [00:09:40]: Choosing a well-known name.Anjney [00:09:42]: Well, I So I was running the developer platform there. The internal infrastructure I was not responsible for. That was actually a guy by the name of Mark Smith, who was extraordinary. And yes, Discord did pool So Discord is actually a counter example. I had the chance to learn a lot about fully, full stack infra there because-Swyx [00:09:56]: It's the same thing, yeahAnjney [00:09:57]: It's the, it's the other architecture which is, Discord built its own WebRTC vo-voice and video infra. So like Discord did not use-Swyx [00:10:08]: For the calls, yeah.Anjney [00:10:09]: Yeah, did not For communication, Discord did not use third party infra. It was all built in-house. And then the way you maximize utilization was you pool demand from the world's 200 million plus monthly active gamers, right? And so that's, that's how those stacks were constructed. Again, in systems design, the two concepts that keep coming up over and over again are abstraction and composition, right? And-Swyx [00:10:31]: Bundling and unbundlingAnjney [00:10:33]: Bundling and unbundling, abstraction, composition, like verticalization and-Swyx [00:10:36]: HorizontalAnjney [00:10:36]: Horizontalization. So in that sense, AMP is an independent system operator of the grid. We pool demand, we pool supply from a number of partners we trust At about 1.3 gigawatt scale over four years. And then we pool demand from some of the world's best, research labs and so on. We're sitting at one, periodic labs who need extraordinary long-term demand. And the idea is that, each of them is guaranteed base load on the grid, but they can spike up and down flexibly on, for compute, with much shorter timelines as needed. That was roughly the design of the program I came up with at a16z called Oxygen. The same-- That was the same design of the GQM, BorgX, Borg GQM implementation at Google that Mihai and Seb had built. Which was that how do you allow, teams inside of Google, on the internal infrastructure to be guaranteed capacity, for their base workloads? But when they need to spike up on research, how could they ensure that was sufficiently there? And of course, the big innovation that was not discovered, but kind of implemented in the space, this infra space maybe three, four years ago at Google was the idea of interruptible demand, right? Where you just queue up a bunch of jobs and through this like sort of credit system, there can be a bidding mechanism.Swyx [00:11:53]: Like priorities.Anjney [00:11:54]: It's a dynamic prioritization Basically. And jobs can get interrupted based on somebody else who's saying, “what? I have 10 tokens, 10 credits I want to spend on this job.” Another like team lead, research lead is “Genie 3 or whatever is only worth five, credits, and NanoBanana2 is worth 10 credits,” and so the NanoBanana job gets priority. That's a, that's a made up example.Swyx [00:12:15]: It's very real. Brain Marketplace was real. And, we've, we've covered this on the pod with David Luan, who was-Anjney [00:12:20]: Oh, great. OkaySwyx [00:12:20]: Was there. And the criticism is that, well, actually sometimes you need central command to go all in on a thing. And actually sometimes capitalism via credits doesn't work. Not, this is not a criticism of AMP. I'm just saying, this is a thing that has been tried, internally within Google, and it led to Google missing GPT.Foundry, Frontier Labs, and Research HoardingAnjney [00:12:41]: Like, we structured ourself essentially very similarly to Google. We are structured as a holdings company. So, Alphabet holdings is Alphabet holdings, and then they've got these subsidiaries called Google and-Swyx [00:12:51]: Other betsAnjney [00:12:52]: Other bets and so on. We've got, AMP holdings, and we've got our infrastructure business, and then we've got a capital business called Foundry that incubates new frontier AI labs or invests in them as venture capital, like Periodic. We put a few hundred million dollars into Anthropic from our fund earlier this year. So wherever we feel like teams are making progress, especially researchers and so on who've pushed the frontier inside of existing labs like DeepMind, I find, there comes a point where they feel misaligned with the dictatorship of Alphabet holdings. And at that point, sometimes the dictatorship doesn't want them anymore. And they're “Thank you. You've done your job here. You've kind of helped us through the zero to one phase, and for whatever reason, we're going to deprioritize your amazing, omni model or whatever it is, and instead we're going to prioritize coding.” And, I think that's a tragedy, but I get it. They're Sergey and team are running their own business there. But that doesn't mean we the rest of us should sit around waiting for that progress to get unlocked for the rest of the world and humanity. If you think about how much extraordinary research has happened inside of DeepMind over the last 10 years, I, Demis and Sergey and those guys did such a great job. But at the end of the day, so much of that has never seen the light of day?Swyx [00:14:00]: Or they're like papers only, but they never actually shipped it to production or-Anjney [00:14:03]: What's worse is the paper is actually not even being published anymore ‘cause there's a six-month embargo inside of DeepMind, right? We've heard about this where a paper comes out, and then I think there's a six-month embargo window where if anybody on the business team says, “This could be interesting” It's embargoed for life.Swyx [00:14:18]: Exactly. So the stuff that gets published is the stuff that's not good enough.Anjney [00:14:21]: There's an adverse selection problem, basically. Yeah. At this point-Swyx [00:14:25]: It's, it's a common complaint at NeurIPS, by the way, that's “Well, why would I look at the papers that are the trash of GDM?”Anjney [00:14:31]: Again, I think it's a tragedy. I get it. They're running their business, but the rest of the I think there's negative externalities of research being hoarded, and so that'there's a market failure. And somebody needs to unlock that research, and we can't do it on our own. We only have 1.2 gigawatts of compute. That's nothing. That's about $40 billion of cloud spend. We're going to need a lot-Gigawatt-Scale Compute and End-of-Life PredictionSwyx [00:14:51]: By the way, is that's a new number. I haven't, haven't come across that gigawatt number. That's huge.Anjney [00:14:56]: Yeah. And to be clear, we haven't secured all of it. That's how much demand we have started to secure. I think publicly we haven't actually confirmed how much we have for this year. In order-Swyx [00:15:04]: Where do you want to get to?Anjney [00:15:06]: I think the steady state would be that we have a base load pool Of 1.2 gigawatts at all times Of base load capacity. For spike capacity, right now my estimate is we need roughly six gigawatts over the next four years for all our teams to feel like they were able to keep moving the frontier, whatever they're working on, whether it's, like superconductor discovery over here. There's a new investment we're working on right now, which is in the end of life prediction space in healthcare. It's extraordinary how much you can, you can give this was actually my graduate school work. I went to grad school for bioinformatics at Stanford Med. And I know we-Swyx [00:15:40]: Econ, MCS, bio.Anjney [00:15:41]: So my-- I was this really weird cat where, I was never satisfied with my major options. So at one point I was an econ major, then I was a CS major, then I was a MCS major called mathematical computational science, and they decided they were going to end that major. So I took all that coursework, and I applied it to grad school, my graduate degree in bioinformatics, which was the master's program, and then I thought I was going to do a PhD. I never ended up doing it. I dropped out and went to work at Kleiner. But I was lucky enough to apprentice with this professor at, Stanford Med. His name is Nigam Shah, and he was working on end of life prediction. Stanford is one of the only research facilities in America that has a longitudinal patient data set that's larger at scale. I think it's at least 12 million patient lives. The only larger data set is at the VA, the Veterans Affairs, of America. And to do research, like do any deep learning and so on that data set, it was called the STRIDE data set at that time, you had to be a Stanford Med School affiliate, which is why I went and enrolled in the bioinformatics department. End of deep learning was early. Nigam Shah had the visibility-- the vision to see that, you could do end of life prediction to help palliative care. In America, the, over 30% of all Medicare, Medicaid spend, at least at that time, was spent on end of life care. And what's we grew up in Asia, so we all-- Yeah, at least I won't speak for you, but I have A very different relationship with death than I find folks who grew up in America do. In America, spiritually and culturally, especially in Western societies where Christianity, the Christian tradition sort of frames death as this terminal point, there's often a judgment day and so on. The way we view death is with a finality. In Indian culture, in Hindu culture, death is one-Swyx [00:17:35]: Also, he's Buddhist as well.Anjney [00:17:36]: You're Buddhist, yeah. So it's one, it's one step in a journey of many lives, right? And so, I grew up in this city called Chennai in the south of India, and when people die, you dance on the street. There's like a procession where your body is carried to be cremated and your family, like celebrates and there's drums and so on. It's this huge thing. And, It's because the idea is that you're going to be reincarnated. You've been liberated from the responsibilities of this life, and now you're onto your next. It's a new It's like going off to a new college or whatever, right? And so it was so alien to me when I got here as an undergrad- That the medical system works backwards from that assumption that we have to view death as this terminal thing and delay it, postpone it's a bad thing. And so at the time, clinical decision support in the United States was this very primitive field. Even to this day, physicians in the United States often will tell you when you have a terminal disease, this is your, we've diagnosed you, which is great. Our ability to diagnose you is extraordinary. You have somewhere between six months to six years to live. What do you do with that information? The error bars are so high that then you In times of uncertainty, we default to culture, and when the culture is let's-- this is a bad thing, I've got to prolong my life, then you start doing things like And just to, just sort of from a systems perspective, what's going on there is Physicians often feel like they need to provide such high error bars because there's always some uncertainty in end of life diagnosis, and if you provide the wrong Diagnosis or recommendation to your patient, you can be sued for medical malpractice. And then your license can be taken away. It can be catastrophic for your career. In contrast, if in countries where that's not the case, what you often observe is that patients, physicians are quite prescriptive with their recommendation. They say, “Hey, this is your condition. The literature says that you probably have this much time on Earth left. My expert opinion is that you are an outlier or whatever.” And they try to be more prescriptive, and that empowers a patient, right? ‘Cause then a patient can say, “I trust my doctor. They said on average, I have six months to live, but if I do these things, I may have a shot because of my particular predispositions or my genetic history or whatever.” And that empowers you to go about your life in a actually more scientific way than leaning on religion, culture, spirituality, and so on. In contrast, here, because of that medical malpractice sort of thing looming over your head, a physician never gives you a clear recommendation. So instead you say, “Okay, Doc, well, let's try it all.” And then you start a whole regime of drugs and therapies, and then you often spend weeks and weeks in the hospital, and that deteriorates your quality of life. And when that deteriorates your quality of life, you instead of spending your last few days doing the things you love with your family, you're spending it on a hospital bed. And that ends up being thirty percent of Medicare and Medicaid. So it's worse for the patients. The doctors feel terrible. The American taxpayer is paying a huge amount of money. And so this is why Nigam Shah, who was this professor at Stanford, said, “Anjney, if there's “ I kind of sat down with him. I was this young, I'd, I was twenty-one, and I was “I want to work on a big problem.” He's “The big problem is end of life care.” And so we tried to do deep learning to say, to-- So we started trying to run deep learning on these tried patient data sets to say, “Could you have an AI system make a recommendation that is orders of magnitude more precise about how much time you have left once you've been diagnosed with a terminal condition than a human?” And then if we can get that precision to be high enough, then you can empower the patient. And it turns out the tech works. Like it's-- Once you get the data set, like RL works. Honestly, even regression models work. You don't need to get that fancy. At the time, we were just trying, doing like very simple neural nets.Swyx [00:21:54]: Simple solutions, yeah.Anjney [00:21:54]: Today, what we can do with RL is extraordinary. The problem remains then and now is regulatory, because you actually can't shift the burden of the wrong clinical diagnoses from the physician to the AI system. And so at that time, I got quite disillusioned ten years ago for, twelve years ago where, ‘cause I felt I just didn't have the resources to influence regulation. Today, I'm very lucky. I'm in a different place. I've, I'm a lot older, and so I've been spending a lot of time on my next incubation, which is how can we unlock the, patient empowerment by training AI models to do end of life prediction much, with much more precision and ac-Swyx [00:22:37]: Oh, wow. You're still focused on this the whole time.Anjney [00:22:40]: The-- I haven't been able to get, this out of my mind a single day for the last fourteen years. This is the hill I want, I would like to die on. There's two, I would say. What? I actually, I'd prefer not to die.Swyx [00:22:51]: Yeah, exactly.Anjney [00:22:52]: But I think two bipartisan issues, I think two issues that should be bipartisan in America are how do we empower patients to make the right clinical decisions at the end of their life, such that we're reducing the taxpayer burden with science? It's just good old science, and AI can help here. And the second is, net positive data centers, ‘cause I think that's the biggest critical bottleneck on training and good enough AI models to help people at the end of their life. So there's sort of two sides of the, of the same scaling bottleneck curve, but those two, we formed AMP as a public benefit corporation. My wife and I, who you've met, you've met Viv. Her passion is education. Her family is a long line of educators and so on, and, of physicists. And so this class is my attempt to stop being the black sheep of the family and be a, an educator. But if I'm not educating, the thing I would be doing is working, on these two problems, whether on the political spectrum or as a researcher back at, in some lab. And my hope is if anyone's listening to this podcast, if they're passionate about either of those two topics, I'd love to hear from them. We'll, we'll we can share the contact in the show notes, but, we're looking for people to join both of those missions on the, on the political side as well as on the medical side, on the research side.Frontier Systems, Output Maxing, and AlignmentSwyx [00:24:08]: You said, this is a discipline that you want to form. You call it's called variously called Frontier System. It's variously called One Person Frontier Lab. What is the ideal name or shape of this? Like the, what is the mission?Anjney [00:24:24]: Of the class?Swyx [00:24:26]: Of the discipline that you're, exploring, right? I The class is called Frontier Systems. But like for me, maybe one phrase is you're, you're just anti-waste, right? Which is wasting GPUs, wasting in human and Medicare. But is there, is there a broader theme that I'm, that maybe you can encapsulate more succinctly?Anjney [00:24:45]: Yeah. The, from an engineering perspective, it's very simple. It's output maxing. It's the, it's the department of output maxing.Swyx [00:24:51]: Making the most of what we have.Anjney [00:24:52]: Exactly. I'm a huge believer in optimal outcomes. I think both in America and other countries, we are losing our appreciation for nuance, and this is the thing of And AI is the same case, right? Oh, the bitter lesson holds. Okay, fine. But that doesn't mean you just like throw 500 GB300, 500,000 GB300s at your suboptimal model scaling and you waste a bunch of compute. It also doesn't mean that, the most optimal is to have like 50 different architectures where there isn't enough standardization. One of the reasons Anthropic has had extraordinary sort of velocity is ‘cause they picked the transform architecture and said, “This is simple. Let's double down on it,” right? And now luckily there's enough investment going to the space that we can afford other architectures, but at the time, investment was just too fragmented into other architectures, so that arguably unlocked scaling. So I think there's a philosophy. I think we all owe it to ourselves to do output maxing with a new capability called AI on a global level. I think if I was starting a new department at Stanford, depending on how fuzzy or technical I wanted to be, I'd probably call it the Department of Alignment. Like-Swyx [00:25:59]: It's an overloaded termAnjney [00:26:01]: But it is, But alignment really Is a hard problem. And I think when you unlock it, full stack alignment is super hard in any organization and in any system. Like in a, in a venture capital firm, if you can have full stack alignment between your limited partners and your, the founders who are creating the value and ultimately the public that owns the IPO stock, that is a gift that keeps giving. And when you study the history of these systems, when they start off, they usually start out small scale where the feedback loop is actually so tight that there's alignment. And then the more you try to scale, the more division of labor happens, the more specialization happens, and at each step you add abstractions. And wherever there's an API interface, there's like loss. There's communication loss. And so I think a really cool thing would be for us to figure out is there a way for us to have our cake and eat it too as an engineering discipline? Is there a way to actually scale up and scale out Without losing any alignment, without lossy transmission?Swyx [00:27:01]: You mean standards?Anjney [00:27:02]: So standards is one way. The other way is you just have net new capabilities. So like what we're trying to do here is discover new superconductors. A room temperature superconductor would be a lossless transmission mechanism for energy. We would have flying cars. We are right within a few years of having a new room temperature superconductor. So I think those are the two. You either have to standardize On protocols or API specs that allow lossless communication, or you can come up with a whole new capability that unlocks so much abundance, the standardization doesn't matter ‘cause you just unlock net new capacity. This, the, so this is what I spend my days thinking about these days.Compute Markets, SF Compute, and Non-NVIDIA ChipsSwyx [00:27:38]: No, I think every infra person at, who wants scale and wants to output max does eventually end up thinking about this. We don't have time to go into it, but we have done an episode with SF Compute-Anjney [00:27:50]: Oh, coolSwyx [00:27:50]: That is trying to standardize The futures contract for compute. I don't, I don't know how that's going by the way, but like at some point this will be public.Anjney [00:27:57]: Oh, I think Evan is awesome and SF Compute is the kind of effort that I hope we can accelerate because what often happens is these exchanges are very hard to get, they, it's hard to bootstrap them, right? Because they often require-- There's many inefficiencies between parties. There's trust boundary inefficiencies in infrastructure because you don't trust, one part of the stack doesn't trust another part of the stack to give them visibility. There's capital markets inefficiencies, there's operational efficiencies. So if you can inject like a single shock to the system of a ton of compute demand or supply, then you can accelerate, these new flywheels. And so my hope is one day, or soon, if SF Compute needs extra like has excess capacity, they just hook it up to the grid and they get flooded with demand from us. And on the other side, if they have a ton of demand but they don't have supply, they just again hook up to the grid and it's a two-way protocol where they can just hook up to our capacity. And I don't think we're too far from that. Today our working implementation of it is mostly through a group of labs, universities, and a few sort of trusted parties who are, who all feel like they're in alignment to borrow an over sort of used word. But our hope is to just have it be an open protocol that anyone can hook up to on-Swyx [00:29:20]: Hook up for demand or hook up for supply? In primarily demand, it sounds like. Like you-Anjney [00:29:25]: No, bothSwyx [00:29:26]: You would want to offer demand.Anjney [00:29:27]: Both. Yeah. Unfortunately, what's happened in the last six weeks is, we thought we'd have a bunch of excess capacity by the end of this year. It's all gone.Swyx [00:29:37]: It's exploding.Anjney [00:29:38]: It, yeah. It's all gone. And so I have, my text messages are full of friends, we know many of these people, these are founders who've raised billions of dollars in San Francisco going, “Oh, any chance you have like 50 nodes in the next few weeks?”Swyx [00:29:51]: What is the scope for, non-Nvidia, right? You have Lisa Su coming and, Rainer Pope as well. And so There is a lot of demand for, more performance Alternative architectures and all that. At the same time, this hurts your standardization.Anjney [00:30:11]: I don't think so. So actually Rainer's a great example, right? Rainer is a CEO and founder of, MatX. I actually had him by for office hours in the class earlier today, and there was an insight he brought up that I hadn't considered before, which is when they decided to pick the standard For their data center, they picked the NVIDIA reference architecture. So the MatX chips Just plug in to any site that has an NVIDIA bring up planned. And, the-Swyx [00:30:42]: It's just software then. It's, it's not the-Anjney [00:30:44]: A-Swyx [00:30:44]: Hardware.Anjney [00:30:46]: Well, from an input and IO perspective It's the same footprint as an NVIDIA rack.Swyx [00:30:52]: That makes sense.Anjney [00:30:53]: Where they have done, innovated a bunch from what I can tell is on systems co-design. Which is where a lot of the gains are to be had. And so he picked He was “Anjney, we, there's just so much work to do when you're building a new chip company.”Swyx [00:31:08]: Can't fight every front.Anjney [00:31:08]: You just can't fight on every front. So my question to him was, “Well, you're working on this new chip. Their tape-out is next year. What, who are you going to partner with to host the chips?” And he said, “Whoever will host them. That's just not, that's not my focus.” And I said, “But how did you “ you decided back to our earlier systems design question, he decided that, he didn't want to be a full, fully integrated chip provider. The bottleneck they're focused on is the logic die, and they, he feels they can crank out a ton of performance gains through co-design there. But then that means you delegate, to our question earlier, it, you he's the data center provider is a different part of the stack, and so then he's dependent on that part of the ecosystem to host his chips to get the performance gains to the customer. So now you have another abstraction, and you might have loss. So I asked him, “How do you prevent loss?” And back to your point, he said, “I just picked the NVIDIA standard ‘cause I didn't want to Like I wanted to piggyback off of an existing protocol.” And that, what's great about NVIDIA is that reference architecture is known.Swyx [00:32:15]: Open.Anjney [00:32:15]: It's open. They've published it. So Jensen's actually enabled someone like Rainer to build a chip company like MatX, and I don't see them as competitive. The compute demand is so high. Like, I don't I think NVIDIA's not able to meet the demands of production, so we just need more chips. And I think it's very smart what MatX has done, which is say, “We're just going to we're not going to innovate on the data center design ‘cause actually, thank you, Jensen, you've done all the hard work. Where we can innovate is somewhere else.” And I think that's, that's very healthy. I think that's how we unblock new bottlenecks. And my view is these, the, chip teams like MatX, who have arrived at the insight that co-design is the way, The primary bottleneck for them is trust boundary. To do co-design well, you need visibility into the next model generation as soon as possible ‘cause it takes two years to tape out. So if by the time I bring my chip to market, your model architecture's changed, I'm host. Now, when he was inside Google, he was sitting next to the Gemini team. He was on Palm or whatever.Trust Boundaries, Co-Design, and Researcher CEOsSwyx [00:33:19]: His co-founder was the, was one, was one of the Palm guys, I think.Anjney [00:33:23]: Yes. Yes, exactly. So when you're inside the trust boundary of Google, then your systems co-design loop is super tight. When you leave as a founder, one of the biggest risks you take is now you're outside the trust boundary. And so what I love doing is helping chip teams who can help us unlock more capacity for the independent ecosystem access to trust. Because when I If I've been, involved with a lab from day one, and I was lucky enough to work with Anthropic, and then I'm on the board of Mistral and helped Black Forest Labs get started. I think at this point I'm on six or seven different teams.Swyx [00:33:57]: Only six? I feel like my mental number was going to be 13, but yeah, it's-Anjney [00:34:02]: No, I go deep with one at a time.Swyx [00:34:04]: You're founding CEO of Arena.Anjney [00:34:07]: Nah, that was an, that was an-Swyx [00:34:08]: Administrative CEOAnjney [00:34:09]: It was an administrative five-month gig where Whalen and Anastasios were graduating from their PhDs, and they didn't need a product team. So I helped recruit the head of engineering product and design. But Anastasios has always been the CEO of that company. I played a pinch-hitting I'm an intern. I was CEO intern For five months. -Swyx [00:34:33]: I interviewed him, and he's he's very well-spoken. I think he's a debate, former debate, champion. But also very quantitative and mathematical, which is-Anjney [00:34:41]: He-Swyx [00:34:41]: Such a unicorn.Anjney [00:34:43]: See, what's amazing about him? If you look at his output, he's an output maxer. By the time he was graduating from his PhD, which he only graduated last year, he had published more work with a citation count than, people twice his age. But at the same time, he'd already started a project called LLM Arena that was being used by millions of people As a side project. And time and time again, what I've realized is venture capitalists suck at seeing human beings as, dynamic agents where-Swyx [00:35:14]: They want to put you in a boxAnjney [00:35:15]: They want to put you in a box.Swyx [00:35:15]: This is your thing.Anjney [00:35:16]: So the first time I got introduced to Anastasios, somebody had told me “Oh, he's amazing, but he's a researcher.” I was “what? What do you mean he's a researcher?” That's what-Swyx [00:35:28]: Like he's not a CEO, not a founder.Anjney [00:35:29]: Not a CEO, exactly. I was “Are you crazy? Do you Have you met Dario?” Dario's a scientist. He's gone from zero to, what will soon be a trillion-dollar company in four years. Being a CEO, nominally speaking, is not that hard. Being a good CEO is hard. Being a great CEO actually requires a level of performance that scientists who have already published at the top of their field have accomplished. It is super hard to be a competitive scientist. To publish in academia over the last 20, 30 years, to make it to the top of your discipline at a place like Berkeley, you are a star athlete. Like, you are an athlete of the mind, and you perform at the highest levels. And to get there, whether you're, Anastasios or Whalen at Berkeley, or you are Robin, who-Swyx [00:36:23]: BFL, yeahAnjney [00:36:24]: With Black Forest, who created Stable Diffusion, or if you're, like Guillaume at Meta, who created Llama before he started Mistral. The amount of human leadership you have to demonstrate to get the resources, like get the trust of the organization, publish it, put it up. I would just fund researchers all day Right? If who have contributed already to the field. If they've, if they've put SOTA out there, they're, they're star athletes already. If they haven't done SOTA Look, they can still be good CEOs, but then I find the failure mode is that they just don't want to be CEOs, they primarily want to publish, and that's okay, too. One of the things we do with the AMP Grid is we donate excess compute. We have two nonprofits, like university labs. We carved out like a couple thousand H100s. But I do think there's extraordinary research being done on university campuses. My father-in-law's a physicist. He's a professor. Extraordinary work in physics, and we need that. But if you want to be a CEO, what you need to be willing To do is be super confrontational, outside of science. Like within the scientific community, some of the best researchers are very confrontational about their convictions, right? This architecture is right. To be a great CEO, you basically have to be willing to be confrontational up and down the stack.Swyx [00:37:41]: To your own team.Anjney [00:37:42]: To your own team-Swyx [00:37:43]: To customersAnjney [00:37:43]: Hiring, recruiting customers. Well, I would say, Yeah, pretty much to everyone Everybody. Of course-Swyx [00:37:50]: I see, I feel a little bit of that in my own work, but yeah, I can't imagine the stakes that Dario has had to go through. It's, it's pretty insane.Anjney [00:37:56]: No, I don't think the stakes are that different From how you're feeling it, right? Stakes are personal scaling vectors, right? The stakes that seem so low to you, like having this podcast where you can talk to somebody and just have a you're an extraordinary communicator, right? Like already in this conversation, you've pulled more out of me than most people, and I've been on 12 podcasts in the last two weeks.AI Coachella and First-Principles ThinkingSwyx [00:38:17]: I think I, we've just seen each other enough that there's some base trust.Anjney [00:38:20]: There's base trust.Swyx [00:38:20]: And I think, and I know that you, that I've done my homework and like I know that trust is a big deal for you, so.Anjney [00:38:27]: I think trust is about consistency, and you and I have seen each other In the community for years, right? Like, I remember the first time we met was at NeurIPS in New Orleans. I don't know if you remember that, luncheon.Swyx [00:38:38]: Oh my God.Anjney [00:38:39]: Reiko had set up this Reiko's amazing, and he set up this luncheon and-Swyx [00:38:43]: Yeah, I was “Who's this Discord guy?” I'm “Okay.” But-Anjney [00:38:45]: No, you weren't-Swyx [00:38:46]: You were just “You made some investments.”Anjney [00:38:47]: You were much less polite. You were “Who's this VC?” You're like-Swyx [00:38:51]: No, I Was I? Oh my God.Anjney [00:38:53]: It was-Swyx [00:38:53]: I'm so sorryAnjney [00:38:53]: It was visible on your face.Swyx [00:38:54]: I'm so sorry. But you weren't, you weren't The introduction was bad. I was I didn't know who you were.Anjney [00:39:00]: The, see, this is the thing about context, right? Like, but then I think I heard your accent. And I was “Are you-”Swyx [00:39:06]: Singapore, yeahAnjney [00:39:06]: “Are you Singaporean?” And you're “Yeah.” And I said, “I went to high school, JC, in Singapore.” And then the ice broke. But This is the there are in the scientific community, sometimes the stakes are very high for people who haven't had the emotional, what is called EQ Coaching and mentorship, right? Which is like to have scientific impact, you often need to be a extraordinary emotional, like emotionally in tune person with the folks you're trying to influence. And so what comes so naturally to you is actually a super high stakes thing to other people. And so I wouldn't assume that Dario's more stressed out than you. These things are you'd be surprised how similar and small sometimes the problems are to you That some of the world's biggest, leaders are facing. And that's what I've learned from this class. The guest speakers are Sam, Satya, Jensen.Swyx [00:40:01]: AI Coachella.Anjney [00:40:02]: Yeah. It's AI Coachella, right? So we got to get all the headliners, and they're I'm very lucky that some of these people have either mentored me over the years or I've done business with them. And when you, take the performative stuff out and any assumptions you may have about these people that you read in the press or on Twitter, We're all just humans. We're all trying to get along. And what's so special about this moment is AI is forcing, like scaling, the bitter lesson is forcing a lot of people to revise their assumptions for how the world works and go back to first principles or go and educate themselves. So the kind of people I was, I won't name who this person is, but I was at an event last week in Texas and, ran to somebody who said, “Anjney, I came across the class. What do you think about real time action prediction models?” And I was, don't know how happy it made me feel when they asked me that question. I know they've done the work. They've challenged themselves. I'm, they didn't ask me, “What do you think of world models?” They said, “What do you think of n-”Swyx [00:41:04]: Real time action predictionAnjney [00:41:05]: “action, real time action prediction models?” World models, don't get me wrong, are cool and everything, but you and I both know that is a layer of abstraction that is sometimes not usefully precise enough. Right? Ours-Swyx [00:41:16]: There's like four different kinds of world models.Anjney [00:41:17]: Yes, exactly.Swyx [00:41:18]: We've done the part with general intuition, by the way, which is very focused on, -Anjney [00:41:22]: Oh, cool. Yes. I love Pim. Pim is great. And this is what I love about people who've done that level of work. They realize they're not in competition with people who the rest of the world thinks they're in competition with.Swyx [00:41:34]: Because they're not in the category, they're in the specific thing they're trying to do.Anjney [00:41:37]: They're focused on their mission, and they have a systems understanding of the bottleneck they're trying to solve. And when somebody else says, “I'm working on real time, action prediction models too,” Pim goes, “Oh, I love that person. I want, I can learn from them.” But the minute they're “Oh, that person's a world model person,” it's “like which type of world model person?” But mostly they're just trying to figure out if it's a waste of their time, because we don't have enough time. So, Pim, for example, is super, loves this other company I work with we've talked about called Black Forest Labs. And he's mentioned to me multiple times that he's so, He thinks what Flux is doing is really cool. Andy Blattman came by and spoke in the class. And what I find over and over again is for people who do the work, who can be usefully precise enough about like what is actually going on in the world of frontier research, The sense of camaraderie is still well and alive, but it gets lost sometimes when you have to like abstract The technical complexities in, business terms And then the VCs are “How are you different from that world model?” I'm going to say Where do I even start to explain this stuff? And then the misalignment creeps in.Leading vs. Winning in Frontier AISwyx [00:42:43]: This is good. Yeah, I think, people listening get a sense of, what it is like to operate at a real level, like yourself, rather than at, the journalist level, where you have to sort of put everyone in, a rough category and create a narrative of competition, and who's winning today, who's behind.Anjney [00:42:58]: It-- this idea of winning is so Weird to me.Swyx [00:43:03]: You do want to win. You want you want competitiveness.Anjney [00:43:06]: No, I think you want to lead.Swyx [00:43:07]: You want SOTA.Anjney [00:43:07]: No, I think you want to lead. Yes, so you want to push the frontier. You want to push the SOTA. You want to do something that hasn't been done before. You want to capture value, but you don't want to capture so much value that, people think you're unaligned with your mission or trying to do what's best for the world. You want to capture enough value that you can keep innovating, right? And I think that people want to lead, they don't really This idea of winning and losing, again, I love Jensen. He's a, he's a leader. The mindset that he talked about on Dwarkesh's podcast, right? He's “I didn't wake up with a loser mindset.” I think that was awesome, right? Because he's, he's an engineer. Dwarkesh has done the work. So there's at least-- even though the, to me, it was very obvious they're talking about the same thing, they just passed each other. They just had to basically, Jensen has this, five-layer cake abstraction of how the industry works. And Dwarkesh had, I think from that podcast, had more of, a pre-training, mid-training, post-training systems loop concept.Swyx [00:44:04]: It's just a factor of who he talks to, right? Again, it's very clear.Anjney [00:44:06]: It's the systems It's the abstraction, the mental models, the It's the whole-- Dude, so much of the problem in the world is reasoning by analogy. And then the assumptions that are held invisibly.Swyx [00:44:19]: Yeah, I've, I've said, this is actually the best time in human history for first principles thinkers. Because everything you think will happen is actually now coming true.Anjney [00:44:28]: Correct. And the venture capital community is, notorious for this, where people look-- In times of uncertainty, they, cling to axioms that ended up being true from the previous era, and they kind of like proclaim them with confidence as if they're truths, but they're not. And it's very important to see the distinction between a heuristic and an axiom. An axiom can be proven-Swyx [00:44:55]: Like from internal consistency point of viewAnjney [00:44:56]: With internal consistency. A heuristic is a way you kind of a shortcut. And my God, the number of people I have had to put up with over the last few years who proclaim-- use heuristics As axioms to judge people, to judge which companies are going to succeed or the number of people who are “Oh, yeah, Anthropic, they're just training models right now,” but this one continue.Swyx [00:45:22]: Because that's a B2B SaaS?Anjney [00:45:23]: Yeah, the, like Which over the fullness of time, if you squint at it, maybe. But the way you arrive there is so important that you can-- you just, you can dismiss people. Here's what happened, right? What happened is Anthropic basically achieved takeoff in October of last year. That training run-Swyx [00:45:41]: Whatever, three seven?Anjney [00:45:42]: I forget the numbers now, but whatever that checkpoint was-Swyx [00:45:45]: We saw the cognition.Anjney [00:45:46]: Yeah. Right? You probably-- The, to those of us in the community, especially once post-training was done and it was released in December-Swyx [00:45:52]: Yeah. Can I sneak a sneaky question in there? I don't know if you have a perspective, maybe you don't, I just The number one question is how did Anthropic crack coding, right? Because Claude One, Claude Two, okay, like it was part of it, but it wasn't a big deal. And the leading hypothesis, it's a lucky dice roll that was then compounded, right? Like it was like Mildly better, but then they saw it and they were “Okay, let's really invest.”How Anthropic Cracked CodingAnjney [00:46:17]: I had this very annoying teacher. I went to this boarding school called Rishi Valley in India, which is like this, bird preserve. It's like three hundred and fifty acres of bird preserve in rural India, and there was no technology for seven years. There was this teacher, I won't name them, but they would have this-- I hated it every time he said this to me. He was “Luck fa-favors the prepared mind,” which is like a common saying, but the way he delivered it, always grated me, ‘cause he was always I was always one of those kids who got, a good grade without trying very hard. ‘Cause like high middle school is not that hard if you, if you're generally, paying attention and so on. And there was this one time where I-- But then I would get an eighty percent grade, and he would keep pushing me to say “The reason you didn't get the ninety-five plus percent is because you're not that lucky.” And I would say, “What do you mean?” ‘Cause I would think that I deserved that grade, and I would sometimes argue with him. And he'd say, “You didn't have a prepared mind. If you want to get lucky again “ There was basically one time where I got like ninety-five or ninety-six on this, on this subject, and I, now that I felt entitled. I was “Okay, I'm going to keep doing this,” and I didn't. And then he was “Luck favors a prepared mind. You got lucky last time, but you got to stay prepared.” And I didn't understand what he meant. Now, as I'm older, I'm okay, these adults actually knew a thing or two. Anthropic has been the most prepared company for four years. And so then when the right, context data comes in, the right developers start sending in, the right context diffs, Sure, you could say you got lucky, but if you ask me, they're pr-pretty damn prepared with paranoia for like four years. And you have to remember, it was so hard for them to get going early on that they had to do so much more with so much less that you just have to be prepared to be so efficient.Swyx [00:48:06]: Yes. There's numbers on their burn compared to OpenAI. I've, I've written about it, but they are so much more efficient in their, in their tech stack.Anjney [00:48:14]: It's not even It's not funny.Swyx [00:48:14]: Not even close.Anjney [00:48:15]: Yeah. But it's so clear, right? Like how to output max for the world. They have been prepared, and you could call that luck, but Luck favors the prepared mind.Culture, Hardship, and Anthropic's P0Swyx [00:48:25]: This is one of those things that I was going over some of your old lectures and, you were data, people think it's a moat and actually it's culture and actually it's team Actually. And I, it's-- there's different levels of moats, and this is the ultimate one that determines everything else. Which you can then compoundAnjney [00:48:43]: You're saying culture is the ultimate moat? Yeah. But the thing about culture is it's very fragile. So moats, I don't think they're-- there's very few moats I found that are actually moats. They're-- It's, it's a nice concept, but in reality, you have to replenish your culture. Ben Horowitz was, the speaker in CS153 on Tuesday, and I asked him this question about the culture bottleneck in teams because, there are several AI teams-Swyx [00:49:09]: His book, Hard Things About Hard ThingsAnjney [00:49:11]: Hard Thing About Hard Things. But more concretely, there are so many AI labs today that have all the cash they need, they have all the compute they need, and they're still not able to ship anything SOTA. And then you start seeing people leave and so on, and my diagnosis, it's, is it's the culture. And so I asked him, Ben, they're-- He's been one of the most aggressive investors in AI labs. He goes back to this thing which resonates in my mind a lot. It-- When I used to work at a16z, I would, book a conference room, and right outside the conference room, which is closest to the toilet ‘cause it was the fastest way for me to go use the bathroom between Zoom meetings-Swyx [00:49:45]: Oh my God, I'll put maxing my toilet optimization. Okay, never mind.Anjney [00:49:48]: It was not healthy in hindsight, but maybe this is TMI. But anyway, outside that conference on the wall was this quote that was printed that said, “Culture is not a set of beliefs, it's a set of actions.” And it's by Bushido, is this, Japanese philosopher. And if you stop taking the actions that demonstrate the mission alignment to what you've said to your team and to your-- the world matters to you, then your culture starts to fray. So it's not actually a moat, I would say. It's a very brittle, fragile thing that requires daily tending to like a garden. But if you figure out the system to keep that garden tended, which I think ultimately comes down to knowing yourself ‘cause you most naturally, if you're authentic and so on, you'll naturally make trade-offs that seem effortless to you, but that reinforce your culture. And then That becomes this very hard thing for other people to catch up to. And at Anthropic, from day one, there was this mission like-- missionary like zeal and belief that, hey, these capabilities will scale. These systems are stochastic, not deterministic. There will be error bars, and until we crack interpretability, there's risk. And at some point, people will go-- stop using Claude just for coding. They'll use it in some mission-critical context where there's-- it'll throw off a bug, and then people are going to come blame them, and they want to be on the right side of history where they said, “Yes, this is a powerful technology. We think it's going to change the world, And we want to be very measured and scientific about the fact that, ‘Hey, guys, these are stats models, statistical models.' That's how statistics works.” ultimately, when you're training neural nets, it is just a statistical system. And I think that Belief that safety is important and that it might seem toy-like in the early days, and sometimes, you could say, “Anjney, they totally over-exaggerated the risk,” like two years ago when they said, “Let's not launch Claude One,” or whatever. Well, okay, maybe in hindsight, but hindsight is twenty/twenty. And at the time, they didn't know how that model would be used, and to them it felt existential if somebody came and said, “You weren't responsible. It-- This wrote a bug.” The liability associated with that is massive. So how do you prevent against that? Well, day in, day out, you say safety. And when you start deviating from that, you have the team hold you accountable, you have the world hold you accountable, and I think that becomes a moat over time. At some point, that moat will get challenged and so on, and then it become fragile. I hope it endures because that's the beauty of having founders run the show, ‘cause they can make really hard trade-offs to do mission alignment. The hardest part is in the earliest days when you don't have a group of people who are going through difficulty, stress, crisis together, then your culture doesn't get defined sharply enough, and that's what I'm worried about right now, is there's so much money going to these labs. There's no hardship. There's no-Swyx [00:52:50]: To anyone who knowsAnjney [00:52:51]: There's no to anyone who knows. And that, in hindsight, was a feature, not a bug for Anthropic. The number of people who said no, the number of people who said, “Sorry, we're all doing investors in OpenAI,” that is competitive difference. It forces you to really understand, what is the hill you want to die on at the expense of everything else. What's the P zero? And there, P zero from day one was coding. The reason, the mechanism system there was if we crack coding, Then we will crack AGI. Our mission is AGI. We want to get there safely. If we focus on codin

Rekordjagd an der Wall Street: Der S&P 500 und der NASDAQ 100 eilen von Hoch zu Hoch – und ein Ende scheint nicht in Sicht. Starke Unternehmenszahlen, ein explodierender KI-Boom und massive Investitionen treiben die Märkte möglicherweise weiter an. Warum das erst der Anfang sein könnte und weshalb die aktuelle Rally aus seiner Sicht nichts mit der Dotcom-Blase gemein hat – das erklärt Alfred Maydorn im Gespräch. Hinweis: Die im Podcast besprochenen Aktien und Fonds stellen keine spezifischen Kauf- oder Anlageempfehlungen dar. Die Moderatoren oder der Verlag haften nicht für etwaige Verluste, die aufgrund der Umsetzung der Gedanken oder Ideen entstehen.

At the end of every week, Matt and Tyler name the New Zealander of the Week. It's an honour that we bestow on your behalf to someone, or something, that's had an impact on our nation over the past week. There are three nominees but can only be one winner. LISTEN ABOVE See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Daniel McGahn, CEO of American Superconductor (AMSC), discusses their latest earnings, a new acquisition, and international expansion. The company is “hitting on all cylinders” and going after larger projects, he notes. He thinks they can continue to deliver “consistent profit” and have “turned the corner fully.” All sectors are growing at around the same rate because they are all linked to manufacturing, Daniel explains, breaking down some of the work AMSC does. ======== Schwab Network ========Empowering every investor and trader, every market day.Options involve risks and are not suitable for all investors. Before trading, read the Options Disclosure Document. http://bit.ly/2v9tH6DSubscribe to the Market Minute newsletter - https://schwabnetwork.com/subscribeDownload the iOS app - https://apps.apple.com/us/app/schwab-network/id1460719185Download the Amazon Fire Tv App - https://www.amazon.com/TD-Ameritrade-Network/dp/B07KRD76C7Watch on Sling - https://watch.sling.com/1/asset/191928615bd8d47686f94682aefaa007/watchWatch on Vizio - https://www.vizio.com/en/watchfreeplus-exploreWatch on DistroTV - https://www.distro.tv/live/schwab-network/Follow us on X – https://twitter.com/schwabnetworkFollow us on Facebook – https://www.facebook.com/schwabnetworkFollow us on LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/schwab-network/About Schwab Network - https://schwabnetwork.com/about

Dive into the future of computing with this episode of the Qubit Value podcast, which explores why 2026 has become the "year of light" for the quantum sector. Following a massive $4 billion surge in investment during 2025, the discussion highlights a strategic shift toward photonic architectures—moving away from traditional supercooled systems and toward modular, room-temperature quantum networks. From the staggering 13 kilometers of fiber optics coiled within the new Aurora system to the groundbreaking SHYPS error correction codes, this episode breaks down how the industry is transitioning from experimental laboratory phases to practical, life-saving applications in healthcare and finance. It is a compelling look at the "Logical Qubit Race" and the engineering breakthroughs, such as silicon-based photonic chips, that are finally bringing a networked quantum internet within reach. Want to hear more? Send a message to Qubit Value

There has been a lot of talk recently about building AI data centers. Massive data centers. Recall that famous one posted by Zuck superimposed over Manhattan. The thought of these monstrosities sucking up water and power for the sake of ChatGPT tokens gets some people very worried. What if we can put all of that in a shoebox? That's the pitch from a young deeptech startup called Snowcap Compute, which I met with during my recent visit to the US. They've been working on something that promises miniscule heat dissipation and speeds in the hundreds of gigahertz. And it depends on superconductors. It sounds like sci-fi but the technology has a heritage stretching back to IBM in the 1960s. I must admit that this one is rather heavy. But I can't stop thinking about it. In this video, RSFQ, RQL and Snowcap's superconducting computer.

There has been a lot of talk recently about building AI data centers. Massive data centers. Recall that famous one posted by Zuck superimposed over Manhattan. The thought of these monstrosities sucking up water and power for the sake of ChatGPT tokens gets some people very worried. What if we can put all of that in a shoebox? That's the pitch from a young deeptech startup called Snowcap Compute, which I met with during my recent visit to the US. They've been working on something that promises miniscule heat dissipation and speeds in the hundreds of gigahertz. And it depends on superconductors. It sounds like sci-fi but the technology has a heritage stretching back to IBM in the 1960s. I must admit that this one is rather heavy. But I can't stop thinking about it. In this video, RSFQ, RQL and Snowcap's superconducting computer.

Recorded in a small village on the Costa Brava – surrounded by seagulls, tramontana winds, and sea urchin-covered rocks – this mix comes from the laid-back Barcelona neighbourhood of Gràcia, where Parisian-born Antoine Harispuru, better known as Golden Bug, has made his home. With a career spanning over fifteen years, Golden Bug has become known for his unique signature: drum machines in a haze of smoke, chopped-up sounds with a machete edge, drenched in delay – a raw, kaleidoscopic patchwork of electronica, dub, and psychedelia. His work has graced labels including La Belle Records (his own imprint), Les Disques de la Mort, Höga Nord, Gomma, Multi Culti, and Kompakt. This mix hits as the anniversary edition of Piscolabis II, where Golden Bug teams up once again with artists from around the world to craft a new series of aural excursions. From digital reggae to cinematic electronica with Londoner Simone Butler (of Primal Scream) and Brazilian artist Max Blum, to mutant disco with Franco-Italian musician Kim Giani, via slow-burning, incandescent techno led by the captivating voice of Greek singer Scarlett O'Hanna, and krautrock infused with dub in collaboration with London-based Phoebe Coco. These six tracks offer a bold and refreshing reinterpretation of the original album: a rich, textured sonic journey shaped by diverse and unexpected influences. Among the selections, you'll find current favouites like SAVE's Rainy Monday — a digital dub gem from Marc Nguyen's project on Ivan Smagghe's Les Disques de la Mort, alongside recent discoveries like Blotter Trax's Superconductor on Optimo. Get into that comfy chair with a good glass of wine and a proper sound system…. and press play. Interview here: https://www.theransomnote.com/music/mixes/golden-bug-the-ransom-note-mixtape/

Marc Andreessen, cofounder Andreessen Horowitz, joins the Hermitix podcast for a conversation on AI, accelerationism, energy, and the future.From the thermodynamic roots of effective accelerationism (E/acc) to the cultural cycles of optimism and fear around new technologies, Marc shares why AI is best understood as code, how nuclear debates mirror today's AI concerns, and what these shifts mean for society and progress. Timecodes:0:00 Introduction 0:51 Podcast Overview & Guest Introduction1:45 Marc Andreessen's Background3:30 Technology's Role in Society4:44 The Hermitix Question: Influential Thinkers8:19 AI: Past, Present, and Future10:57 Superconductors and Technological Breakthroughs15:53 Optimism, Pessimism, and Stagnation in Technology22:54 Fear of Technology and Social Order29:49 Nuclear Power: Promise and Controversy34:53 AI Regulation and Societal Impact41:16 Effective Accelerationism Explained47:19 Thermodynamics, Life, and Human Progress53:07 Learned Helplessness and the Role of Elites1:01:08 The Future: 10–50 Years and Beyond Resources:Marc on X:   https://x.com/pmarcaMarc's Substack: https://pmarca.substack.com/Become part of the Hermitix community:On X: https://x.com/HermitixpodcastSupport: http://patreon.com/hermitixFind James on X: https://x.com/meta_nomad Stay Updated: Let us know what you think: https://ratethispodcast.com/a16zFind a16z on Twitter: https://twitter.com/a16zFind a16z on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/a16zSubscribe on your favorite podcast app: https://a16z.simplecast.com/Follow our host: https://x.com/eriktorenbergPlease note that the content here is for informational purposes only; should NOT be taken as legal, business, tax, or investment advice or be used to evaluate any investment or security; and is not directed at any investors or potential investors in any a16z fund. a16z and its affiliates may maintain investments in the companies discussed. For more details please see a16z.com/disclosures.

2012 was a publicly quiet time for Prince, but he was not only hard at work touring and assembling 3rdEyeGirl, but working with Andy Allo on her album, Superconductor. We chat about the back half of the album.Visit us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TMATSPodcast/Twitter… X… Twix: @TMATSPodcastEmail: TMATSPodcast@gmail.com

Between the 20Ten album and Art Official Age was a quiet time for Prince, but that doesn't mean that he wasn't busy. Protege Andy Allo recorded an entire album during and following the Welcome 2 America Euro and Canada and Prince is all over it.Visit us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TMATSPodcast/Twitter… X… Twix: @TMATSPodcastEmail: TMATSPodcast@gmail.com

For decades, fusion energy has been the promise that never arrives—always twenty years away. Despite billions poured into tokamaks, inertial confinement, and plasma reactors, the finish line keeps moving. But what if the answer was never in extreme heat... but in solid metal at room temperature?In this explosive episode, we sit down with NASA researcher Lawrence Forsley to explore lattice confined fusion—a revolutionary approach that produces nuclear fusion inside metal lattices using just five volts. No reactors, no plasma, no fire. It's a direct descendant of the infamous 1989 "cold fusion" press conference by Fleischmann and Pons, which the scientific establishment mocked and buried for decades. But now, the experiments are more precise, the physics more refined, and the implications more profound. Because if fusion at room temperature is real, everything changes—energy, propulsion, even our understanding of stars.PATREON https://www.patreon.com/c/demystifysciPARADIGM DRIFThttps://demystifysci.com/paradigm-drift-show00:00 Go! Introduction to Lattice Confined Fusion 00:05:59 – Why Fusion Is Always 10 Years Away 00:12:02 – Plasma Instability and Centrifugal Mirrors 00:17:31 – Tritium, Lithium, and Fusion Fuel Supply 00:20:15 – Lessons from Flight and Semiconductors 00:23:14 – Skepticism and Investment Bias in New Tech 00:26:12 – The Long Road to Transistors 00:28:12 – Fusion Weapons and Strategic Research 00:31:39 – Tokamaks and Magnetic Confinement 00:35:40 – Energy Efficiency and Charge Screens 00:39:24 – Superconductors vs. Neutron Radiation 00:43:00 – Cold Neutrons and Fusion Possibilities 00:45:02 – Cold Fusion: Controversy and Skepticism 00:46:24 – Early Experiments and Anomalous Heat 00:49:32 – Tritium Without Neutrons? 00:52:45 – The Cold Fusion Press Conference Fallout 00:57:00 – Explosions, Risks, and Lab Disasters 01:02:40 – Advances in Lattice Confinement 01:06:36 – Fusion in the Cosmos and the Lab 01:09:08 – Webb Telescope and Electron Screening 01:12:00 – Three Types of Electron Screening 01:15:37 – Experimental Techniques in Screening 01:20:05 – Does This Require New Physics? 01:24:51 – Replication Problems in Nuclear Research 01:30:01 – The People Who Shaped the Field 01:33:35 – Richard Garwin and IBM Experiments 01:38:07 – Outdated Tech and Compatibility Nightmares 01:42:00 – Early Atomic Bomb Experiments 01:43:09 – John Heisinger and Cross-Section Studies 01:46:39 – Stellar Fusion and Resonance Phenomena 01:51:31 – Fusion and the Supernova Lifecycle 01:54:57 – Condensed Matter in Proto-Stars 01:55:00 – Magnetic Fields and Star Formation 02:00:00 – The Mystery of Earthly Tritium 02:05:00 – Gamma Rays in Fusion Reactions 02:10:00 – Cold Fusion Funding and Credibility 02:15:00 – Publishing Roadblocks and Ethics 02:17:54 – Fraud in Fusion Research 02:20:15 – New LCF Materials and Neutron Output 02:27:21 – Technetium-99 and Medical Applications 02:33:57 – Future of Fusion Energy Systems 02:40:30 – LCF Networking and NASA Collaborators 02:43:00 – Fusion Architecture and Expert Input 02:46:00 – Building Mental Models of Fusion 02:49:00 – Gamma Rays, Stars, and Spectra#fusion , #coldfusion, #nuclearfusion, #nasascience, #futureofenergy, #astrophysics, #plasmaphysics, #tritium, #quantumphysics , #tokamak, #spaceexploration , #deeptech #philosophypodcast , #sciencepodcast, #longformpodcast ABOUS US: Anastasia completed her PhD studying bioelectricity at Columbia University. When not talking to brilliant people or making movies, she spends her time painting, reading, and guiding backcountry excursions. Shilo also did his PhD at Columbia studying the elastic properties of molecular water. When he's not in the film studio, he's exploring sound in music. They are both freelance professors at various universities. All music by Shilo DeLay

Thu, 01 May 2025 14:45:00 GMT http://relay.fm/conduit/100 http://relay.fm/conduit/100 Kathy Campbell and Jay Miller Grab your tissues, it's our most guest filled episode ever. We also discuss what Conduit is, what it means to us, and how it has affected our lives. Grab your tissues, it's our most guest filled episode ever. We also discuss what Conduit is, what it means to us, and how it has affected our lives. clean 4870 Grab your tissues, it's our most guest filled episode ever. We also discuss what Conduit is, what it means to us, and how it has affected our lives. This episode of Conduit is sponsored by: Micro.blog: A social network that embraces the web. Save 50% on a Premium account with code RELAY. Vitally: A new era for customer success productivity. Get a free pair of AirPods Pro when you book a qualified meeting. Links and Show Notes: Checked Connections - Kathy ❌ - Journaling - Jay ✅ - Best Version of the talk I could give Keep sending those MyConduit Connections to us on Discord and through Feedback! New Connections - Kathy - Journaling for real this time - Jay - Log my mood (and maybe get in a better one) For Our Super Conductors: Pre-Show: Getting emotional about 100 episodes Post-Show: We brought some Super Conductors onto the call! Credits Music: When You Smile Executive Producers: Relay FM Discord Community Support Conduit with a Relay FM Membership Submit Feedback Conduit #9: Decision

Thu, 01 May 2025 14:45:00 GMT http://relay.fm/conduit/100 http://relay.fm/conduit/100 It's Episode 100!! 100 Kathy Campbell and Jay Miller Grab your tissues, it's our most guest filled episode ever. We also discuss what Conduit is, what it means to us, and how it has affected our lives. Grab your tissues, it's our most guest filled episode ever. We also discuss what Conduit is, what it means to us, and how it has affected our lives. clean 4870 Grab your tissues, it's our most guest filled episode ever. We also discuss what Conduit is, what it means to us, and how it has affected our lives. This episode of Conduit is sponsored by: Micro.blog: A social network that embraces the web. Save 50% on a Premium account with code RELAY. Vitally: A new era for customer success productivity. Get a free pair of AirPods Pro when you book a qualified meeting. Links and Show Notes: Checked Connections - Kathy ❌ - Journaling - Jay ✅ - Best Version of the talk I could give Keep sending those MyConduit Connections to us on Discord and through Feedback! New Connections - Kathy - Journaling for real this time - Jay - Log my mood (and maybe get in a better one) For Our Super Conductors: Pre-Show: Getting emotional about 100 episodes Post-Show: We brought some Super Conductors onto the call! Credits Music: When You Smile Executive Producers: Relay FM Discord Community Support Conduit with a Relay FM Membership Submit Feedback Conduit #9: Decision Space (

Three new species of superconductivity were spotted this year, illustrating the myriad ways electrons can join together to form a frictionless quantum soup.

In this episode of HYDRATE, Tracy sits down with David Reid, CEO of Manna Vitality, to explore the power of minerals, structured water, and bio-photonic frequencies in detoxification, hydration, and unlocking the body's potential as a “liquid light” superconductor. David is a visionary in holistic health, dedicating 15+ years to studying the interplay of minerals, light, and human biology. His journey includes immersive research at the Dead Sea, where he fasted, sun-gazed, and uncovered the profound role of minerals like magnesium, potassium, and gold nanoparticles in cellular communication and detoxification. David combines hypertonic ocean minerals, plant-based shilajit resin, and nanoparticle gold to craft supplements designed to elevate cellular voltage, support genetic liberation, and align the body with nature's rhythms. He also explains how minerals like magnesium act as “bio-photonic” light carriers to detox cells and boost the body's charge. Learn why water's structure and mineral balance determine cellular hydration—even simple hacks like vortexing with a spoon. Explore nanoparticle gold's role in resetting DNA and fighting toxins by elevating the body's voltage to trillions of volts. Dive into Manna Vitality's blend of Himalayan shilajit, Dead Sea minerals, and gold for detox and energy. Tune in for a conversation that bridges science, spirituality, and practical steps to upgrade your health. Connect with David: Website: mannavitality.com Use code HYDRATE for 20% off Manna Vitality products Connect with Tracy: Website: https://tracyduhs.com/ Hydration shop: https://sanctuarysd.com/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/tracyduhs/ Flow FAM community: https://tracyduhs.com/join-flow-fam/

This podcast was recorded in January 2025 for the Super Conductors of Love free summit facilitated by Martha Alter Hines and Cayelin Castell. To join in the closing ceremony March 30th, use this link: https://www.livingtheonelight.com/sup... This podcast incorporates the Venus journey at the end of March 2025 and her conjunction with Neptune (the higher octave of Venus) and the Mars opposition with Pluto (the higher octave of Mars). I speculate in this video about how Ereshkigal, in the myth of Inanna, may be represented by the asteroid Persephone and, in my later, more recent video published in March 2025, by the asteroid Ceres. Let me know your thoughts on this! All of these points represent aspects of this split between Inanna and Ereshkigal and the division of the Great Goddess archetype. Heather's website: https://www.risingmoonhealingcenter.com/ To become a patron of Heather:   / heatherensworth  

In Episode 101 of Spellbreakers, delve into the fascinating realm of anti-gravity with host Matt Trump. This episode examines the cutting-edge theories, historical research, and recent breakthroughs in anti-gravity propulsion. From the role of superconductors and quantum mechanics to the controversial experiments of the 1990s, Matt unpacks the science and speculation behind this enigmatic field. Explore how advancements in high-temperature superconductors could unlock the potential for anti-gravity technology and the implications for future energy and transportation systems.

La tertulia semanal en la que repasamos las últimas noticias de la actualidad científica. En el episodio de hoy: Cara A: -Aclaración: La interferometría de intensidad ya se venía utilizando p. ej. en MAGIC (14:00) -El cuello de botella humano podría ser un artefacto estadístico (re: ep428) (19:00) -Influencia de los LLM en el habla humana (32:00) Este episodio continúa en la Cara B. Contertulios: María Ribes, Sara Robisco, Alberto Aparici, Francis Villatoro, Héctor Vives, Héctor Socas. Imagen de portada realizada con Midjourney. Todos los comentarios vertidos durante la tertulia representan únicamente la opinión de quien los hace... y a veces ni eso

La tertulia semanal en la que repasamos las últimas noticias de la actualidad científica. En el episodio de hoy: Cara B: -Promo: Babbel, la escuela de idiomas en tu móvil (00:01) -Importante avance en la prevención del VIH (08:59) -La misteriosa nebulosa junto a M31 (48:19) -Promo de AICAD (1:22:39) -Superconductor a altas presiones también lo es a presión ambiental (1:26:09) -Avances recientes en altermagnetismo (1:40:39) Este episodio es continuación de la Cara A. Contertulios: María Ribes, Sara Robisco, Alberto Aparici, Francis Villatoro, Héctor Vives, Héctor Socas. Imagen de portada realizada con Midjourney. Todos los comentarios vertidos durante la tertulia representan únicamente la opinión de quien los hace... y a veces ni eso

Michael Barnard concludes his conversation with John Fitzgerald, CEO of Supernode. They explore the game-changing potential of superconducting transmission technology. Superconductors, capable of carrying electricity with zero resistance at extremely low temperatures, are already used in applications like MRI machines and are now poised to revolutionize urban power distribution.Fitzgerald highlights advances in cryogenic systems, such as smooth bore cryostats, which allow cables to run three times longer between cooling stations, reducing infrastructure needs and enhancing efficiency. The episode spotlights projects like Munich's upcoming 12-15 km superconducting power cable, which will transfer more power using less space, offering a cost-competitive solution for urban energy demands. Fitzgerald also underscores the importance of developing a European super grid and anticipatory investments in high-capacity power corridors to address growing renewable energy integration and reduce curtailment. He contrasts Europe's efforts with rapid grid advancements in India and China, emphasizing the need for proactive planning and investment.Looking ahead, Supernode aims to commercialize its technology by the end of the decade. Fitzgerald calls on policymakers, utilities, and system operators to bridge gaps in energy infrastructure, establish partnerships, and secure funding to promote innovative transmission solutions for a sustainable future.

When you jump into the world of carbon 60 (C60), you quickly become hooked because of its many health benefits and positive impact on mitochondrial function; however, the proverbial hook, line and sinker that perks up people's ears are its profound potential for longevity. Look no further than my previous discussion with C60 manufacturer and leading expert, Chris Burres, where he details the unprecedented longevity research results where rats lived 90% longer when consuming C60 mixed in olive oil!If you're like me, you look for high-quality information on such an exciting topic  —  particularly well written books. Long story short, there is a dearth of texts on C60 out there. But today's guest, Chris Campbell, is the author of one of those books: C60 Science: The God Molecule Hypothesis. And it's not just "another" book, Chris's take on C60 is very unique, yet exceptionally compelling. In his book, he takes deep rabbit holes into the history of C60 not just on earth, but in outer space where he posits C60 may have played a role in brining life to our planet. He also has unique insights into the special geometry of buckminsterfullerene (i.e., C60) and its potential quantum biology characteristics. During today's conversation, Chris discusses the many topics from his book, including what The God Molecule Hypothesis means, the various properties and potentials of C60, his thoughts on C60 supplements, the potential of safely integrating C60 into water and much more!If you found the information in today's episode with Chris Campbell particularly interesting and/or compelling, please share it with a family member, friend, colleague and/or anyone that you think could benefit and be illuminated by this knowledge. Sharing is caring :)As always, light up your health! - Watch this video on YouTube - Where to learn more from and about Chris Campbell:   X (Twitter) - @c60chris Linktree Book by Chris Campbell:C60 Science: The God Molecule Hypothesis   - Key Points[00:00] Introduction to the Red Light Report [00:16] Guest Introduction: Chris Campbell [01:40] Chris Campbell's Journey into C60 [03:13] The History and Discovery of C60 [05:03] The God Molecule Hypothesis [07:12] Properties and Potential of C60 [10:13] C60 and Quantum Biology [13:43] Ribosome Formation and Fullerene Hypothesis [17:12] C60 and Earth's Life Origins [19:35] C60 Stability and Impacts on DNA [20:08] Exploring Quantum Implications of C60 [21:26] C60 as a Long-Lasting Antioxidant [22:04] Research and Personal Use of C60 [23:22] Targeted Benefits of C60 [25:03] C60's Mechanism: Electron Donor and Free Radical Neutralizer [27:27] Understanding Results from Mitochondrial Supplements [29:08] Safety and Quality of C60 [31:01] Red Light Therapy for Sleep and Wellness [33:45] Additional Red Light Therapy Benefits [35:37] Selective Antioxidant Properties of C60 [37:58] C60 and Mitochondrial Processes [39:49] Stacking C60 with Hydrogen-Rich Water [41:17] Taking a Smaller Approach with Supplements [41:36] Mitochondrial Health in the Modern World [42:28] City Life vs. Nature: Maintaining Health [43:01] How C60 Combats Free Radicals [45:34] How Long Does C60 Stay in the Body? [46:42] C60 and Energy Effects [48:02] Red Light Therapy and Sleep [49:41] C60 as a Superconductor [51:14] C60 and the Origins of Life [54:31] Interactions Between C60 and Frequencies [56:06] Geometrical Constraints in Biology [58:44] Upcoming Work on Cosmolocalism [1:00:59[ Global Anxiety and the Need for Local Focus [1:01:29] Emerging Technologies for the Future [1:02:07] Motivations for Mars Colonization [1:02:49] Elon Musk's Vision and C60's Role [1:03:23] Therapies for Mitochondrial Health [1:04:05] Methylene Blue and Mitochondrial Function [1:04:41] Chris Campbell's Books and Research [1:05:15] Closing Remarks and Resources  - Interested in adding Carbon 60 to your wellness regimen?! For a limited time, save 30% on your order of BioC60!   Save 30% on your order of BioC60.* Discount code: podcastc60 Offer ends November 27th, midnight PST *must use "single" option and then add desired quantity - Dr. Mike's #1 recommendations: Water products: Water & Wellness Grounding products: Earthing.com EMF-mitigating products: Somavedic Blue light-blocking glasses: Ra Optics - Stay up-to-date on social media: Dr. Mike Belkowski: Instagram LinkedIn   BioLight: Website Instagram YouTube Facebook

Nick Long has been called the grandfather of superconductors and for good reason. He's the reason why one of the coldest, hottest, and most powerful superconductor electric rocket thrusters ever to be tested in space, is being built in a hi-tech shed at the bottom of Wainuiomata Hill. Long, from the Robinson Research Institute, has spent three decades helping crack the puzzle that makes superconductors usable. The thrusters are scheduled to be launched in February next year and will head to the International Space Station, and one day, maybe Mars. He explains how it's all going to work.

Today's episode is brought to you by Coda.If you want a platform that empowers your team to collaborate effectively and focus on shared goals, you can get started with Coda today for FREE. Head over to https://coda.io/fp======Episode 14: César Rodríguez has dedicated his career to quantum computing. Why? Because they have incredible potential — but that potential has not yet been unlocked.======(00:00) - Introduction: Meeting a Quantum Computing Visionary(02:45) - Quantum Computing 101: Harnessing the Weird World of Quantum Mechanics(06:00) - The No-Cloning Theorem: Why Quantum Information is So Fragile(08:50) - Schrödinger's Universe: Bridging the Quantum-Classical Divide(12:17) - Sponsor Break: Keeping Your Data Secure in a Quantum World(13:18) - Quantum Gates and Algorithms: Building Blocks of a Quantum Revolution(17:36) - The Race for Quantum Supremacy: Milestone or Mirage?(21:25) - Physical vs Logical Qubits: Quality, Quantity, and Qubit Scaling(23:12) - Fighting Decoherence: The Art of Quantum Error Correction(27:00) - Pulse-Level Tactics: Error Mitigation on the Frontlines(30:02) - Computator's Secret Weapon: Outwitting Emergent Algorithmic Errors(36:03) - Quantum Error Management: A Multi-Pronged, Collaborative Approach(38:11) - Beyond Bits: The Pros and Cons of Probabilistic Computing(41:08) - Why Quantum Matters: Cesar's Case for the Next Computing Revolution(43:40) - Riding the Hype Cycle: Navigating Quantum Winters and Summers(46:15) - The Quantum Computing Menagerie: Atoms, Ions, and Superconductors(49:33) - Scaling the Quantum Heights: Engineering Challenges and Triumphs(54:15) - Killer Apps: From Quantum Search and Factoring to Exotic Chemistry(59:02) - Quantum Now: A Global Snapshot of the Current Computing Landscape(1:03:40) - Quantum Leap: Visions of a World Transformed by Quantum Computers(1:09:40) - Quantum Development, Reimagined: New Paradigms, Tools, and Workflows(1:12:40) - Conclusion: Cesar's Call to Join the Quantum Revolution======Links:Christian Keil – https://twitter.com/pronounced_kyleCésar Rodríguez - https://twitter.com/cesarquantumCommutator Studios - https://www.commutatorstudios.com/======Production and marketing by The Deep View (https://thedeepview.co). For inquiries about sponsoring the podcast, email team@firstprinciples.fm======Checkout the video version here → http://tinyurl.com/4fh497n9

If superconductors — materials that conduct electricity without any resistance — worked at temperatures and pressures close to what we would consider normal, they would be world-changing. They could dramatically amplify power grids, levitate high-speed trains and enable more affordable medical technologies. For more than a century, physicists have tinkered with different compounds and environmental conditions in pursuit of this elusive property, but while success has sometimes been claimed, the reports were always debunked or withdrawn. What makes this challenge so tricky? In this episode, Siddharth Shanker Saxena, a condensed-matter physicist at the University of Cambridge, gives co-host Janna Levin the details about why high-temperature superconductors remain so stubbornly out of reach.. Listen on Apple Podcasts, Spotify,  TuneIn or your favorite podcasting app, or you can stream it from Quanta.

If you do an online search on Andara crystals, it's very bleak. There are tons of articles debunking them as scams. It's enough to make you never want to buy a crystal again. In episode 19, I give you my take: Are Andara Crystals Superconductors or Scams? And you know what? …the best answers aren't black or white. In Episode 19, you'll learn:

This is our weekly compilation of science news 00:00 - New Superconductor Scandal 7:17 - Climate Change Makes Days Longer 11:49 - Musk: Are Quantum Computers even good for Something? 17:19 - Charging While Driving: Does it Work? 22:44 - How Noise Improves Computing 32:45 - Warp Drives: New Simulations 38:10 - Gravitational Waves Necessary for Human Existence, New Study Finds

Derek Loudermilk, a former extreme microbiologist turned adventurer, author, and business coach, has coached global influencers and high achievers for over 15 years. His podcast, the Derek Loudermilk Show, explores cutting-edge topics in science, spirituality, adventure, and human potential. In 2020, he created the LEAP method and the League of Superconductors, the world's first quantum business mastermind. As an international speaker, Derek covers human potential, skill mastery, and the adventure mindset. He's been a digital nomad for seven years, traveling with his wife and two children to over 40 countries and all 50 US states. As the founder of AdventureQuest, Derek leads transformative adventure experiences for entrepreneurs and thought leaders worldwide. This episode is brought to you by Authors Unite. Authors Unite provides you with all the resources you need to become a successful author. You can learn more about Authors Unite here: https://authorsunite.com/​​​​​​​​ Make sure to subscribe so you don't miss out on my future videos. --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/authorsunite/support

How high are the geopolitical and technological stakes in the international struggle for semiconductor supremacy? Chip War author Chris Miller chimes in! What We Discuss with Chris Miller: Semiconductors, commonly known as semis or chips, are essential components in thousands of products such as computers, smartphones, appliances, gaming hardware, medical equipment, and military technology. How superconductors evolved to become so crucial to our modern infrastructure. The intricacies of semiconductor manufacturing -- from their complex operation to the resources required to create them -- mean the countries that can produce the most advanced chips have a strategic advantage on the world stage. Taiwan is currently the leader in this field. Why China, despite investing heavily in semiconductor technology, is always playing catch-up with the rapid pace of Western-influenced technological advancement -- and what underhanded steps it might take to slow this pace to its advantage. What the recently passed CHIPS and Science Act will likely mean for semiconductor research and manufacturing jobs in the United States. And much more... Full show notes and resources can be found here: jordanharbinger.com/919 This Episode Is Brought To You By Our Fine Sponsors: jordanharbinger.com/deals Sign up for Six-Minute Networking — our free networking and relationship development mini course — at jordanharbinger.com/course! Like this show? Please leave us a review here — even one sentence helps! Consider including your Twitter handle so we can thank you personally!

Herman Andaya, Maui's emergency chief decided not to sound sirens before the fires scorched Lahaina, which seems like an obvious mistake. But all the officials agreed, to do so would have been a contradiction of policy ... and perhaps a dangerous one. Andaya was pushed out anyway, though he was, to some extent, the author of his own fate. And how much was Barbenheimer Hollywood's salvation? We talk franchise movies and box office with John Campea. And superheroes aren't the only ones failing to deliver the goods. Superconductors—at least room temperature ones—remain works of fiction. Produced by Joel Patterson and Corey Wara Email us at thegist@mikepesca.com To advertise on the show, visit: https://advertisecast.com/TheGist Subscribe to The Gist Subscribe: https://subscribe.mikepesca.com/ Follow Mikes Substack at: Pesca Profundities | Mike Pesca | Substack Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Researchers have some disappointing news about that wonder material that appeared to be superconductive at room temperatures. Gartner says that generative AI is about to take the plunge toward the trough of disillusionment. And New York City says city workers can't have TikTok on their work phones.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Also what the hell is that? What would that mean for society? Is it even physically possible? Or is this all some sort of hoax? We've got Quantum Anne back for a third time to explain all this stuff to us and more!  Are you an expert in something and want to be on the show? Apply here! Please please pretty please support the show on patreon! You get ad free episodes, early episodes, and other bonus content!

There have been a number of news stories lately that seem straight out of science fiction. We've heard claims before Congress that the government is suppressing information regarding the existence of UFOs or aliens. There are computers that seem to think. And scientists in Korea claimed to have made an extraordinary breakthrough in the hunt for room temperature superconductivity. So how should we think about these things in terms of their potential impact on the economy? In addition to being a Nobel Prize winner and a columnist for the New York Times, economist Paul Krugman is also an avid science fiction fan. In fact, he has credited science fiction for his original interest in economics, even once writing a paper on interstellar trade. He joined us to discuss all of these things, and how to view them through the economics lens.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Superconductor update. Contact re-established with Voyager 2. Two stars orbiting so closely they could hide inside the Sun. A field of gravitational lenses in a new JWST image.

Ever wondered just how vast our universe truly is or if there's any truth to those compelling space conspiracies? In this episode of the James Altucher Show, James sits down with Brian Keating, a renowned astrophysicist, to delve deep into the cosmos. They chat about the groundbreaking findings from the James Webb Space Telescope, providing an intriguing glimpse into the universe's origins. But it's not all about distant galaxies; James throws in some of the most captivating space-related conspiracies he's come across, and with Brian's expertise, they sift fact from fiction. Plus, tune in to hear about the recent developments in the world of superconductors and the possibility of a room-temperature stable variant.From the enigma of extra-terrestrial life to the truth about the universe's beginning, this episode promises to be a blend of scientific insight and casual banter. Whether you're a science enthusiast or just someone who loves a good conspiracy theory, there's something in it for you!https://BrianKeating.com/listhttps://twitter.com/DrBrianKeatingBrian's Books and Brian's Blog, Listen to the Into The Impossible podcast,Check out Brian's YouTube channel, with a following of 140k followers and growing. ------------What do YOU think of the show? Head to JamesAltucherShow.com/listeners and fill out a short survey that will help us better tailor the podcast to our audience!Are you interested in getting direct answers from James about your question on a podcast? Go to JamesAltucherShow.com/AskAltucher and send in your questions to be answered on the air!------------Visit Notepd.com to read our idea lists & sign up to create your own!My new book Skip the Line is out! Make sure you get a copy wherever books are sold!Join the You Should Run for President 2.0 Facebook Group, where we discuss why you should run for President.I write about all my podcasts! Check out the full post and learn what I learned at jamesaltucher.com/podcast.------------Thank you so much for listening! If you like this episode, please rate, review, and subscribe  to “The James Altucher Show” wherever you get your podcasts: Apple PodcastsStitcheriHeart RadioSpotifyFollow me on Social Media:YouTubeTwitterFacebook

Show is Sponsored by https://www.expressvpn.com/yaron & https://www.fountainheadcasts.comJoin this channel to get access to perks:https://www.youtube.com/@YaronBrook/joinLike what you hear? Like, share, and subscribe to stay updated on new videos and help promote the Yaron Brook Show: https://bit.ly/3ztPxTxSupport the Show and become a sponsor: https://www.patreon.com/YaronBrookShowOr make a one-time donation: https://bit.ly/2RZOyJJContinue the discussion by following Yaron on Twitter (https://bit.ly/3iMGl6z) and Facebook (https://bit.ly/3vvWDDC )Want to learn more about Ayn Rand and Objectivism? Visit the Ayn Rand Institute: https://bit.ly/35qoEC3#superconductivity #twitter #rareearth #peace #middleeast #economy #education #capitalism #Economy ​#Objectivism​ #AynRand #politics #individualismThis show is part of the Spreaker Prime Network, if you are interested in advertising on this podcast, contact us at https://www.spreaker.com/show/3276901/advertisement

This week we talk about LK-99, mercury, and resistance.We also discuss online citizen science, physics, and replication issues.Show notes/transcript: letsknowthings.com This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit letsknowthings.substack.com/subscribe

This week we talk about LK-99, mercury, and resistance.We also discuss online citizen science, physics, and replication issues.Support the show: patreon.com/letsknowthings / letsknowthings.com/support / understandary.comShow notes/transcript: letsknowthings.com ★ Support this podcast on Patreon ★

See the video of this episode here: https://www.youtube.com/live/qQnDatnAWP4?feature=share Breaking news! A team of scientists in South Korea has made an extraordinary claim: they have discovered a room-temperature ambient-pressure superconductor. This means that they have found a material that can conduct electricity perfectly under everyday conditions. This is a huge deal. If it's true, it could revolutionize many technologies. We could have perfectly efficient power grids, levitating trains, and commercially viable fusion reactors. The possibilities are endless. But the scientific community is taking this with a grain of salt. There have been many claims of room-temperature superconductors in the past, and they've all turned out to be false. So we need to be careful before we get too excited. The researchers behind this latest claim say that they've done their due diligence. They've repeated their experiments multiple times, and they've had their results peer-reviewed. But until their work is published in a peer-reviewed journal, we won't know for sure if they're right. So tune in to this thrilling chat between experimentalist Professor Inna Vishik of UC Davis and my colleague Professor Jorge Hirsch, a theorist and past guest here at UCSD. This is one is a must-watch. Jorge's previous appearance regarding the Ranga Dias Paper  • RED FLAGS! Superconductor or FRAUD? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cAMSoAUo288&t=0s Superconductor Showdown video:https://youtu.be/hbER0AnwXD4 The paper being discussed from South Korea: The First Room-Temperature Ambient-Pressure Superconductor by Sukbae Lee, Ji-Hoon Kim, Young-Wan Kwon here: https://arxiv.org/abs/2307.12008 Post your free listing at LinkedIn Jobs linkedin.com/impossible Subscribe to the Jordan Harbinger Show for amazing content from Apple's best podcast of 2018! https://www.jordanharbinger.com/podcasts  Please leave a rating and review: On Apple devices, click here, https://apple.co/39UaHlB On Spotify it's here: https://spoti.fi/3vpfXok On Audible it's here https://tinyurl.com/wtpvej9v  Find other ways to rate here: https://briankeating.com/podcast Support the podcast on Patreon https://www.patreon.com/drbriankeating  or become a Member on YouTube- https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmXH_moPhfkqCk6S3b9RWuw/join Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Researchers in Korea claim they've identified a material that could unlock a technological revolution: the room temperature superconductor. Material scientists are skeptical, but enthusiasts on Twitter are enthusiastic. Why is the internet so excited about superconductors?Then, the Kids Online Safety Act is headed to the Senate floor. Would it actually keep children safe? And how would it change the internet?Plus: Kevin and Casey play HatGPT.Additional Reading:South Korean researchers released a video they claimed was a superconductor showing levitation at room temperature. Scientists were skeptical.The New York Times reporter Kashmir Hill profiled Mike Masnick, who wasn't so sure about KOSA.

OUTLINE of today's show with TIMECODES90 year old Diane Feinstein has turned over her legal affairs to her daughter, but she's still writing laws for us — or someone using her as a front is writing them (2:29)WATCH Al Sharpton can't imagine Jefferson or Madison would EVER revolt against a government LOL (6:52)Ramaswamy wants a 2nd American Revolution. A closer look at his BigPharma background (9:41) Wikipedia co-founder says CIA, FBI, etc are controlling that site (41:15)Unintended GMO Consequences — CRISPR is NOT a Scalpel As FDA & USDA fight to see who will have "authority" to "regulate" GMO cows and soy plants that glow and signal when in distress, what are the danger signs that we've already seen in unintended chimeras as rush at Warp Speed to make money for biotech companies. (46:13) San Francisco firm pursues test tube babies for homosexual men (1:07:48)Room Temperature Superconductor — How Would It Change Society? Desc: It looks like the buzz for LK-99 was premature, but there are still big advances toward practical superconductors. What will this transformative tech do to society? (1:12:16) Another Week, Another Biden Ban of Something Foundational to Our Way of Life Desc: Will Republicans ever DO anything to even slow down Biden's slow version of Mao's "Cultural Revolution"? This week Biden bans trucks in 9 years (1:31:06)Ark Encounter and Creation Museum in Kentucky — top tourist attractions but also fascinating and thought provoking (1:45:31)Can faith survive in our post-objective, post-Christian culture? How do Christians come to terms with a society that views us as vile and detestable? (1:48:29)INTERVIEW Military Mandates & Readiness as the Military "Transitions" (2:04:37) Jason Barker, TheKnightsOfTheStorm.com, joins now that he's finally separated from the military after the ordeal of mandates. The jabs were mandated for "readiness" but the new LGBT policies are just the kind of military Corporal Klinger (MASH) would've loved. And, what are BlackRock and other big investors doing to the residential housing market, how they're getting preferential treatment, and what this will lead toFind out more about the show and where you can watch it at TheDavidKnightShow.comIf you would like to support the show and our family please consider subscribing monthly here: SubscribeStar https://www.subscribestar.com/the-david-knight-showOr you can send a donation throughMail: David Knight POB 994 Kodak, TN 37764Zelle: @DavidKnightShow@protonmail.comCash App at: $davidknightshowBTC to: bc1qkuec29hkuye4xse9unh7nptvu3y9qmv24vanh7Money is only what YOU hold: Go to DavidKnight.gold for great deals on physical gold/silverFor 10% off Gerald Celente's prescient Trends Journal, go to TrendsJournal.com and enter the code KNIGHT

My new book LOSERTHINK, available now on Amazon https://tinyurl.com/rqmjc2a Find my "extra" content on Locals: https://ScottAdams.Locals.com Content: Politics, Trump's Raging Insurrection, Andrew Tate, LK-99 Superconductor, Roseanne Barr, President Biden, The Government Machine, Democrat Media Narratives, Biden Crime Family, Devon Archer, 2020 Election Integrity, Steven Sund, J6, Trump Indictments, Passive Home Design, PHI Passivhaus Institute, Trusting Science, Al Sharpton, CNN Trump Narrative, Diane Feinstein POA, Joe Rogan, Ukraine War's Purpose, Dan Goldman, Illusion Of Access, Philip Bump, Scott Adams~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ If you would like to enjoy this same content plus bonus content from Scott Adams, including micro-lessons on lots of useful topics to build your talent stack, please see scottadams.locals.com for full access to that secret treasure. --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/scott-adams00/support

NASA Loses Contact with Voyager 2 because of a mistake. Euclid sends its first images. Finally, The Ring Nebula from JWST.

Krystal and Saagar discuss Trump in court today as nightmare election kick off, Trump's co conspirators revealed, Biden freaks as US Debt Downgraded, Obama warns Biden could lose to Trump, MSNBC wonders when Biden's Black Voters will "fall in line", NYT admits Ukraine Counteroffensive failing, Tucker stuns with Hunter Business partner revelations, Saagar looks into the LK99 Superconductor as a potentially world changing tech, Krystal looks into Yellow Trucking company failing after corrupt bailouts, and we're joined for a Debate Panel on the latest Trump Indictment charges and if they're "BS or Legit" with Bradley Moss (@BradMossEsq) and Benjamin Weingarten (@bhweingarten). To become a Breaking Points Premium Member and watch/listen to the show uncut and 1 hour early visit: https://breakingpoints.supercast.com/ Merch Store: https://shop.breakingpoints.com/ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Krystal and Saagar discuss Trump in court today as nightmare election kick off, Trump's co conspirators revealed, Biden freaks as US Debt Downgraded, Obama warns Biden could lose to Trump, MSNBC wonders when Biden's Black Voters will "fall in line", NYT admits Ukraine Counteroffensive failing, Tucker stuns with Hunter Business partner revelations, Saagar looks into the LK99 Superconductor as a potentially world changing tech, Krystal looks into Yellow Trucking company failing after corrupt bailouts, and we're joined for a Debate Panel on the latest Trump Indictment charges and if they're "BS or Legit" with Bradley Moss (@BradMossEsq) and Benjamin Weingarten (@bhweingarten).To become a Breaking Points Premium Member and watch/listen to the show uncut and 1 hour early visit: https://breakingpoints.supercast.com/Merch Store: https://shop.breakingpoints.com/ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoicesSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

What does it mean for a material to be superconductive? Did a team of South Korean researchers create a revolutionary superconductive material? And what would that mean for the world? See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

If you know ARK, then you probably know about our long-term research projections, like estimating where we will be 5-10 years from now! But just because we are long-term investors, doesn't mean we don't have strong views and opinions on breaking news. In fact, we discuss and debate this every day. So now we're sharing some of these internal discussions with you in our new video series, “The Brainstorm”, a co-production from ARK and Public.com. Tune in every week as we react to the latest in innovation. Here and there we'll be joined by special guests, but ultimately this is our chance to join the conversation and share ARK's quick takes on what's going on in tech today. This week, Associate Portfolio Manager Nick Grous and Director of Research, Autonomous Tech & Robotics Sam Korus are joined by ARK Chief Futurist Brett Winton. Together they discuss the possibility of a Room Temperature Superconductor, what we are learning about ad spending from company earnings reports, and Sam Altman's Worldcoin. Key Points From This Episode: Intro Potential Super Conductor Ad Spending Worldcoin

(0:00) All-In in Italy!: Recapping Chamath's wedding (11:55) Discourse around obesity and weight loss in the US (21:56) Are there too many VCs? (38:18) Actors/Writers unions vs. Corporate Hollywood, endgame for the modern Hollywood machine (54:07) Equity participations vs. unions, ownership upside vs. downside protections (1:05:04) Potential impact of room-temp superconductors   Special thanks to our Italian audio/video team!: https://twitter.com/domdalmatico https://www.mattiacaruso.com   Follow the besties: https://twitter.com/chamath https://linktr.ee/calacanis https://twitter.com/DavidSacks https://twitter.com/friedberg   Follow the pod: https://twitter.com/theallinpod https://linktr.ee/allinpodcast   Intro Music Credit: https://rb.gy/tppkzl https://twitter.com/yung_spielburg   Intro Video Credit: https://twitter.com/TheZachEffect   Referenced in the show: https://twitter.com/DavidSacks/status/1684176015948488704 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sPelOnd7Sik https://www.vice.com/en/article/4a3az9/venture-capital-vcs-existential-too-many https://twitter.com/jason/status/1681985828820766720 https://twitter.com/chamath/status/1679765658517610496 https://twitter.com/chamath/status/1679935918164135936 https://arxiv.org/pdf/2307.12008.pdf

X.com will require brands to spend at least $1,000 per month on advertising or else risk losing the verified checkmark on the platform. A city in China has temporarily banned Tesla vehicles. Meta had a very good Q2. And scientists claim they have made a massive breakthrough with superconductors. Plus lots more!See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

(0:00) Bestie intro! (1:35) Recapping the events of the past week (5:39) Understanding the banking crisis (32:55) Solving the global debt problem, righting the ship (54:20) VC market update: Founders Fund splits its eighth fund in two, Sequoia's reported returns, YC cuts its growth-stage team (1:08:36) Science corner: Superconductors (1:24:56) DeSantis update, Ukraine spending run rate, bestie wrap! Follow the besties: https://twitter.com/chamath https://linktr.ee/calacanis https://twitter.com/DavidSacks https://twitter.com/friedberg Follow the pod: https://twitter.com/theallinpod https://linktr.ee/allinpodcast Intro Music Credit: https://rb.gy/tppkzl https://twitter.com/yung_spielburg Intro Video Credit: https://twitter.com/TheZachEffect Referenced in the show: https://seekingalpha.com/article/4565388-svb-financial-blow-up-risk https://www.wsj.com/articles/easy-loans-great-service-why-silicon-valley-loved-silicon-valley-bank-6b3f203e https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-silicon-valley-bank-bailout-chorus-yellen-treasury-fed-fdic-deposit-limit-dodd-frank-run-cc80761e https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-03-16/credit-suisse-got-its-lifeline-now-it-needs-to-win-back-clients https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-03-15/credit-suisse-top-shareholder-rules-out-more-assistance-to-bank-lf9gfhbr https://www.nytimes.com/live/2023/03/16/world/france-pension-vote#france-pension-vote https://www.politico.eu/article/police-fire-dutch-farmer-protest-nitrogen-emission-cut https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-64968795 https://www.treasurydirect.gov https://www.axios.com/2023/03/03/founders-fund-slashes-vc-peter-thiel https://www.axios.com/2023/03/15/stripe-50-billion https://www.businessinsider.com/sequoia-capital-venture-capital-returns-university-of-california-2023-3 https://www.wsj.com/articles/tiger-global-writes-down-venture-funds-bets-by-33-in-2022-3f9f6ade https://techcrunch.com/2023/03/13/y-combinator-cuts-nearly-20-of-staff-scales-back-growth-stage-investments https://twitter.com/Jason/status/1633570102326202368 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-05742-0 https://youtu.be/4lE8QWtrEvQ https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2023/03/desantis-ukraine-pro-russia-position-gop-presidential-nomination/673392