Podcasts about Magical

Bottom of League One side Port Vale stunned Sunderland to prove the magic of the FA Cup is still alive. It's Port Vale's first trip to the quarter-finals since 1954, and goalscorer Ben Waine, a lifelong Newcastle fan even pulled out Alan Shearer's iconic celebration. Elsewhere, Mansfield pushed Arsenal all the way at Field Mill. Sixteen year old wonderkid Max Dowman caught the eye with a brilliant performance, could there be a scenario where he makes the England squad this summer? Plus, Gary Lineker, Alan Shearer and Micah Richards discuss Arsenal becoming the first Premier League club to reach 100 goals in all competitions this season, and ask whether some of the criticism surrounding the team is actually unfair. The Rest Is Football is powered by Fuse Energy. Sign up and use the referral code FOOTBALL and you could win a 1990 England shirt signed by the hosts of The Rest Is Football. Visit https://www.fuseenergy.com/football for terms and conditions. Join The Players Lounge: The official fantasy football club of The Rest Is Football. It's time to take on Gary, Alan and Micah for the chance to win monthly prizes and shoutouts on the pod. It's FREE to join and as a member, you'll get access to exclusive tips from Fantasy Football Hub including AI-powered team ratings, transfer tips, and expert team reveals to help you climb the table - plus access to our private Slack community. Sign up today at therestisfootball.com. https://therestisfootball.com/?utm_source=podcast&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=episode_description&utm_content=link_cta For more Goalhanger Podcasts, head to www.goalhanger.com Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Growing up near Boston, Sugar discovered hiking in her early twenties while exploring the White Mountains of New Hampshire. After getting sober at 30, she found herself with the clarity, time and capacity to pursue the life she truly wanted. What followed was a decision to live authentically, prioritise long-distance hiking, and become what she proudly calls a professional dirtbag. In 2021, Sugar set out on the Appalachian Trail. While she knew she was a strong hiker, she also faced the uncertainty of what it would mean to walk the trail as a trans woman. Feeling the isolation of not seeing many stories like her own pushed her to begin writing, speaking openly, and becoming someone other queer and trans hikers could reach out to. Since then, she has become the first known trans woman to complete the Triple Crown of long-distance hiking, founded TrailQTs – a free mentoring programme supporting first-time queer and trans thru-hikers – and in 2024 pioneered the Divide to Crest Route, a 3,000-mile backcountry journey from the Mexican border in New Mexico to the Canadian border in Washington. In 2025, Sugar set a new women's self-supported speed record on the Appalachian Trail southbound, breaking the previous record by more than a day and a half. In this episode, we dive into sobriety, transition, representation, burnout, post-trail blues, building community, and what it really takes to push the body day after day. Sugar also shares practical advice on training, fuelling on a budget, protecting your feet, and why big dreams are built through small, steady steps. This is a conversation about courage, visibility, and creating the path you wish had existed when you started. *** New episodes of the Tough Girl Podcast drop every Tuesday at 7 AM (UK time). Hit subscribe so you never miss the inspiring journeys and incredible stories of tough women pushing boundaries.  Want to support the Tough Girl Mission to increase the amount of female role models in the media in the world of adventure and physical challenges? Support via Patreon: www.patreon.com/toughgirlpodcast.  Your support makes a difference.  Thank you x *** Show notes Who is Lyla Using she/her programs  From the North East of the USA Living in New Hampshire Working with kids and doing bar tending and other odd jobs Growing up just north of Boston, on the North shore, about 3 hrs away from the Appalachian Trail Playing team sports  Getting into hiking in her early 20s, with the help of a friend  Hiking in the White Mountains in New Hampshire  Getting sober at 30 years old and being sober for over 8 years now How it changed her life, having more time and capacity to do more hiking Spending time exploring the local trails in the area  Starting her gender transition  Knowing she was trans in her late 20s but not having the capacity to do anything about it Getting sober and how it opened up lots of doors for herself  Living her authentic life  Deciding to leave her job, sell her car and go and hike the Appalachian Trail Hiking the Appalachian Trail in late March 2021 Spending the past 5 years making long distance hiking her priority Being a professional dirtbag Channeling all of her energy and resources into hiking  Managing fears and concerns before taking on the Appalachian Trail  Knowing she was a strong hiker Having concerns related to being a trans woman on trail and what unique challenges she would face Trying to learn more about other trans experiences on the Appalachian Trail Feeling a bit alone and not wanting others to feel the same way Deciding to write for an outdoor website called the trek Sharing more of her life online The power of seeing trans people in the outdoors  Speaking publicly and telling her authentic story Trying to be someone queer and trans folk can reach out to  Wanting to be accessible for other people  Documenting and sharing her story while hiking  Blog post - Trans competent on trail  Magical moments while being on the trail  Getting her trail name "Sugar" Suffering with burnout and adventure blues? Post trail depression and planning for it  Mental health and the importance of spending quality time in nature  Mental health habits and what's worked for her Having a rich community of people in her support network Having people who understand where you're coming from  Having good friends  Spending time along Self supported FKT SOBO on the Appalachian Trail  Pushing yourself hard while on the trail Day 1 of the project and why it was a year before starting on the trail The first couple of weeks and the challenging terrain  Why it's fun for her The physical challenge for her body and thinking more about millage  Wanting to know how much she could push her body The planning and preparation before the start of the hike  The Divide to Crest route  Trying to figure out how to make it financially viable  Looking for sponsorship from outdoor brands Physically training and breaking it down into 3 separate chapters The Arizona Trail  Why your feet are everything The New England Trail  Using her home as basecamp Dealing with a little tendonitis at the start Getting hiker legs Food and nutrition while on the trail Taking a B vitamin supplement every day to help with energy Taking electrolytes especially with the hot weather Maple syrup and salt  Doing the trail on a budget - salt, fat, carbs…. Eating foods that she can stomach while on the trail The importance of getting calories in  The idea behind the Divide to Crest Route Getting into route creation  The Great Basin Trail  Finding out more info about the Divide to Crest Route How to connect with Lyla on social media Finals words of advice for women who want to take on a new challenge and step outside their comfort zone Think about scaffolding  Why you don't need to do everything at once.  Build your skillsets over time What can you do this year to move you closer to your goal.    Social Media Instagram @seltzerskelter  

In this episode of I Remember Liking That Movie, we head back to the Renaissance for a supposedly smarter, more grounded take on Cinderella with Ever After from 1998. Starring Drew Barrymore, Anjelica Huston, and Dougray Scott, the film ditches fairy godmothers and magic in favor of historical realism… and somehow still finds room for Leonardo da Vinci. One of us remembers this one as the “classy” Cinderella, the version with brains, attitude, and a heroine who can quote philosophy while throwing apples at royalty. One of us has never seen it. We'll let you guess who is who. So does this prestige fairy tale still charm, or does it feel more like a history lecture wrapped in corsets? Join us as we revisit mean stepmothers, awkward princes, suspiciously convenient Renaissance geniuses, and a fairy tale that may or may not be taking itself way too seriously. Does Ever After still hold up… or did one of us just remember liking it, and will the other even like it?

Today the RPGBOT crew explains how to survive levels 1-4 without becoming a cautionary tale titled "Local Wizard College Denies Knowing This Child." We discuss the best low level sorcerer spells, metamagic optimization, and other essentials for a low level Sorcerer build. Show Notes In this episode, the RPGBOT hosts dive into the chaotic beauty of the Dungeons & Dragons 5e sorcerer from levels 1-4, exploring how to construct a functional magical character before the class truly "comes online." Early sorcerer gameplay is defined by scarcity: limited spell slots, fragile hit points, and the emotional stability of a shaken soda can. The discussion begins with the identity crisis at the heart of the class. Unlike the wizards in D&D 5e, the sorcerer does not study magic: they are magic. This shapes both mechanics and roleplay. We also discuss picking the best Sorcerer subclass. Your subclass determines not only your features, but also your big thematic parts of your character: divine heir, chaotic anomaly, draconic nepo-baby, or walking cosmic accident. The hosts emphasize survival strategy first. At levels 1-2, your goal is not dominance — it's remaining alive long enough to become interesting. Spell selection becomes critical: choosing the best level 1 5e sorcerer spells like Shield, Mage Armor, and Chromatic Orb dramatically increases longevity. Bad spell selection, meanwhile, results in a character sheet that doubles as a memorial plaque. Metamagic arrives at level 3, transforming the class from fragile caster into tactical specialist. The conversation highlights best metamagic options for a low level sorcerer such as Twinned Spell and Quickened Spell, explaining how action economy manipulation creates disproportionate power spikes in early encounters. Suddenly the Sorcerer stops being a liability and becomes the party's artillery platform. The episode closes with practical advice: early sorcerers are specialists, not generalists. You cannot solve every problem, but you can solve a few problems spectacularly. Pick a lane (damage, control, or support) and commit. A focused build produces a memorable character; a scattered one produces a smear on dungeon flooring. Key Takeaways Early D&D 5e sorcerer levels 1-4 are about survival, not dominance Always take staple defensive spells like Shield and Mage Armor Subclass choice defines both mechanics and roleplay identity Metamagic at level 3 is the class's first real power spike Metamagic like Twinned Spell and Quickened Spell dramatically improve your spells Pick a specialization: blaster, controller, or support; don't split your focus until you can learn more spells Sorcerers excel when casting fewer spells more effectively Strong backstory enhances the experience of roleplaying a sorcerer in D&D 5e A bad spell list hurts more than low hit points Welcome to the RPGBOT Podcast. If you love Dungeons & Dragons, Pathfinder, and tabletop RPGs, this is the podcast for you. Support the show for free: Rate and review us on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or any podcast app. It helps new listeners find the best RPG podcast for D&D and Pathfinder players. Level up your experience: Join us on Patreon to unlock ad-free access to RPGBOT.net and the RPGBOT Podcast, chat with us and the community on the RPGBOT Discord, and jump into live-streamed RPG podcast recordings. Support while you shop: Use our Amazon affiliate link at https://amzn.to/3NwElxQ and help us keep building tools and guides for the RPG community. Meet the Hosts Tyler Kamstra – Master of mechanics, seeing the Pathfinder action economy like Neo in the Matrix. Randall James – Lore buff and technologist, always ready to debate which Lord of the Rings edition reigns supreme. Ash Ely – Resident cynic, chaos agent, and AI's worst nightmare, bringing pure table-flipping RPG podcast energy. Join the RPGBOT team where fantasy roleplaying meets real strategy, sarcasm, and community chaos. How to Find Us: In-depth articles, guides, handbooks, reviews, news on Tabletop Role Playing at RPGBOT.net Tyler Kamstra BlueSky: @rpgbot.net TikTok: @RPGBOTDOTNET Ash Ely Professional Game Master on StartPlaying.Games BlueSky: @GravenAshes YouTube: @ashravenmedia Randall James BlueSky: @GrimoireRPG Amateurjack.com Read Melancon: A Grimoire Tale (affiliate link) Producer Dan @Lzr_illuminati

From Clayton English: All The Same https://www.comedydynamics.com/ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Today the RPGBOT crew explains how to survive levels 1-4 without becoming a cautionary tale titled "Local Wizard College Denies Knowing This Child." We discuss the best low level sorcerer spells, metamagic optimization, and other essentials for a low level Sorcerer build. Show Notes In this episode, the RPGBOT hosts dive into the chaotic beauty of the Dungeons & Dragons 5e sorcerer from levels 1-4, exploring how to construct a functional magical character before the class truly "comes online." Early sorcerer gameplay is defined by scarcity: limited spell slots, fragile hit points, and the emotional stability of a shaken soda can. The discussion begins with the identity crisis at the heart of the class. Unlike the wizards in D&D 5e, the sorcerer does not study magic: they are magic. This shapes both mechanics and roleplay. We also discuss picking the best Sorcerer subclass. Your subclass determines not only your features, but also your big thematic parts of your character: divine heir, chaotic anomaly, draconic nepo-baby, or walking cosmic accident. The hosts emphasize survival strategy first. At levels 1-2, your goal is not dominance — it's remaining alive long enough to become interesting. Spell selection becomes critical: choosing the best level 1 5e sorcerer spells like Shield, Mage Armor, and Chromatic Orb dramatically increases longevity. Bad spell selection, meanwhile, results in a character sheet that doubles as a memorial plaque. Metamagic arrives at level 3, transforming the class from fragile caster into tactical specialist. The conversation highlights best metamagic options for a low level sorcerer such as Twinned Spell and Quickened Spell, explaining how action economy manipulation creates disproportionate power spikes in early encounters. Suddenly the Sorcerer stops being a liability and becomes the party's artillery platform. The episode closes with practical advice: early sorcerers are specialists, not generalists. You cannot solve every problem, but you can solve a few problems spectacularly. Pick a lane (damage, control, or support) and commit. A focused build produces a memorable character; a scattered one produces a smear on dungeon flooring. Key Takeaways Early D&D 5e sorcerer levels 1-4 are about survival, not dominance Always take staple defensive spells like Shield and Mage Armor Subclass choice defines both mechanics and roleplay identity Metamagic at level 3 is the class's first real power spike Metamagic like Twinned Spell and Quickened Spell dramatically improve your spells Pick a specialization: blaster, controller, or support; don't split your focus until you can learn more spells Sorcerers excel when casting fewer spells more effectively Strong backstory enhances the experience of roleplaying a sorcerer in D&D 5e A bad spell list hurts more than low hit points Welcome to the RPGBOT Podcast. If you love Dungeons & Dragons, Pathfinder, and tabletop RPGs, this is the podcast for you. Support the show for free: Rate and review us on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, or any podcast app. It helps new listeners find the best RPG podcast for D&D and Pathfinder players. Level up your experience: Join us on Patreon to unlock ad-free access to RPGBOT.net and the RPGBOT Podcast, chat with us and the community on the RPGBOT Discord, and jump into live-streamed RPG podcast recordings. Support while you shop: Use our Amazon affiliate link at https://amzn.to/3NwElxQ and help us keep building tools and guides for the RPG community. Meet the Hosts Tyler Kamstra – Master of mechanics, seeing the Pathfinder action economy like Neo in the Matrix. Randall James – Lore buff and technologist, always ready to debate which Lord of the Rings edition reigns supreme. Ash Ely – Resident cynic, chaos agent, and AI's worst nightmare, bringing pure table-flipping RPG podcast energy. Join the RPGBOT team where fantasy roleplaying meets real strategy, sarcasm, and community chaos. How to Find Us: In-depth articles, guides, handbooks, reviews, news on Tabletop Role Playing at RPGBOT.net Tyler Kamstra BlueSky: @rpgbot.net TikTok: @RPGBOTDOTNET Ash Ely Professional Game Master on StartPlaying.Games BlueSky: @GravenAshes YouTube: @ashravenmedia Randall James BlueSky: @GrimoireRPG Amateurjack.com Read Melancon: A Grimoire Tale (affiliate link) Producer Dan @Lzr_illuminati

If the western Magical tradition has one object which has bled into mainstream culture and seems like it is there to stay, it would be a pack of Tarot cards designed and released in 1909. Originally released as The Tarot, it would later be known as the Rider Waite Tarot, and for decades that is what it would remain. Yet, this name negated perhaps the most important element of these cards- the artist herself. Pamela Colman Smith was an exceptional talent who lived a fascinating and tumultuous life. While her deck is beyond notorious, her story is almost entirely unknown by most. Pamela would like you to join her in the Fools Gallery, for she has much to tell us these days.

Fall Asleep In Minutes with "The Magical Fairy Forest" Sleep Story

On this week's episode, Jack breaks down the seven teams he thinks could win the NBA finals, talks about Miami's 30-0 start, and more!

On this episode of Swim Lessons the Podcast, we sit down with Minot High legends LeeLee Bell and Maggie Fricke to talk dominance, adversity, and what's next after rewriting the record books for the Majettes. We talk about watching film, work ethic, skill development, leadership, and the mindset that separates good varsity kids from all-time greats. They open up about injuries, rehab, confidence, and the mental side of coming back when you're not sure you'll ever look like yourself again. There are stories from the locker room, state tournament runs, recruiting, and what it feels like to represent Minot every night with a target on your back.

Trigger Warning: Eating mermaidsThis week we are back with a good old-fashioned surprise attack! This episode is packed to the gills, as we discuss sea monsters and weather control, mermaid dinner parties, killer ghosts caught on film and a man kidnapped and held hostage by a witch. This is probably the most topics we've ever covered in a single episode. Hold on tight because it's gonna get weird.

Spring does not arrive quietly. It rises. Druid priestess and author Ellen Evert Hopman returns to The Conscious Diva Podcast to discuss Spring's Living Magic. We explore the Wheel of the Year through her books The Sacred Herbs of Spring, Once Around the Sun, and Magical Tales to Celebrate the Wheel of the Year.Ellen shares mythic stories of Beltane and May celebrations, where the Sun, fertility, and the moon mark the Earth's full awakening. And the ancient roots of Easter, including the legend of the Germanic goddess Eostre. Reminding us of the traditions that root spirituality in daily life, and of how magical the Spring season is.In this episode:• Unearthing the Ancient Traditions of Imbolc and Groundhog Day• Exploring the Gromnica Festival and the Ancient Celtic Lunar Calendar• Weaving Wisdom and Culture Through Magical Tales of the Year• The Ancient Traditions of Maypole and May Bush Celebrations• Understanding the Sacred Cycles of the Wheel of the Year• Discovering the Germanic Goddess Eostre and Easter's Ancient Origins• The Adonis Myth and the Powerful Energy of Beltane's Full Moon• Celebrating the First Harvest: Summer Solstice and Lunasa TraditionsABOUT:Ellen Evert Hopman is an Herbalist, Druid, and author of Celtic herbals, a trilogy of Druid novels and of children's literature. She is a registered Herbalist with the American Herbalists Guild, and Archdruid Emerita and the founder of Tribe of the Oak (Tuatha na Dara), a Celtic Reconstructionist Druid Order. LINKS: ⁠elleneverthopman.com⁠⁠instagram: elleneverthopman⁠If you're enjoying these conversations, make sure you subscribe so you don't miss what's coming next.Follow me on Instagram at The Conscious Diva and watch the full episode on YouTube where you can subscribe. If this episode resonated, please write a review and share it with someone who would love it too. Thank you so much for listening, and thanks to my sponsors.This Episode is brought to you by: ​ The Sattva Collection - 10% off with code TheConsciousDiva​ Birds & Beans Organic Coffee - 10% off with DIVA2025The Conscious Diva Podcast wouldn't be possible without your support! A massive THANK YOU for listening. If you'd like to further support my podcast, you can:​ SUBSCRIBE in your favorite podcast player or YouTube.​ FOLLOW me @The_Conscious_Diva on Instagram. ​ BOOK a session with Tatyanna.​ SIGN-UP to receive emails at www.tatyannawright.com

Our party makes plans with Captain Dormain. They also partake in a bit of rest and relaxation as they prepare for the next leg of their journey.If you want to contact us then send us an email at: thetavernoftales@gmail.comIf you want your review to be read on the show then leave us a five star review.

Fluent Fiction - Serbian: Unplanned Perfection: Milena's Magical First Date Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/sr/episode/2026-03-04-08-38-20-sr Story Transcript:Sr: Калемегдан је био обавијен свежим поветарцем касне зиме.En: Kalemegdan was wrapped in the fresh breeze of late winter.Sr: Небо је било светло сиво, али пупољци првог пролећног цвећа пружали су наду.En: The sky was light gray, but the buds of the first spring flowers offered hope.Sr: Милена је корачала узбуђено до договора са Вуком.En: Milena walked excitedly to her meeting with Vuk.Sr: Ово је био њихов први састанак, и она је желела да све буде савршено.En: This was their first date, and she wanted everything to be perfect.Sr: Док је стигла на место где је требало да направе пикник, Јован ју је дочекао и пожелео срећу.En: When she arrived at the place where they were supposed to have a picnic, Jovan greeted her and wished her luck.Sr: "Све ће бити у реду, Милена.En: "Everything will be fine, Milena.Sr: Само се опусти," рекао је подршком.En: Just relax," he said supportively.Sr: Вук је већ био тамо, са широким осмехом и ћебетом испод руке.En: Vuk was already there, with a broad smile and a blanket under his arm.Sr: "Јеси ли спремна за авантуру?En: "Are you ready for an adventure?"Sr: " питао је.En: he asked.Sr: Пикник је био постељен близу стеновите ивице, са погледом на спајање Саве и Дунава.En: The picnic was set up near the rocky edge, overlooking the confluence of the Sava and Danube.Sr: Милена је извадила корпу са храном коју је пажљиво спремила.En: Milena took out the basket of food she had carefully prepared.Sr: Разговор је текао лагано, и осетило се међусобно прихватање.En: The conversation flowed easily, and mutual acceptance was felt.Sr: Али, облаци су се скупили и ветар је постао хладнији.En: However, the clouds gathered and the wind became colder.Sr: Малени облачић кише наслутио је могућу неприлику.En: A small cloud of rain hinted at a potential mishap.Sr: Изненада, ветар је појачао.En: Suddenly, the wind picked up.Sr: Ћебе је полетело, а храна је почела да лети на све стране.En: The blanket flew away, and the food began to scatter everywhere.Sr: Уз панични смех, Вук је покушао да ухвати пластичне чаше, док је Милена покушавала да ухвати корпицу.En: With panicked laughter, Vuk tried to catch the plastic cups while Milena tried to grab the basket.Sr: У журби, ноге су јој се заплеле и бутала је флашу соде, која се разлила по њима обоје.En: In a hurry, her feet got tangled and she bumped into a bottle of soda, which spilled over both of them.Sr: Уместо да буду разочарани, обоје су почели истовремено да се смеју.En: Instead of being disappointed, they both started laughing at the same time.Sr: Јово дође и несвесно фотографисао смешну сцену.En: Jovo came and unknowingly photographed the funny scene.Sr: "Ово ниси могла ни да испланираш боље," рекао је Вук, отресајући капи с одеће.En: "You couldn't have planned this better," said Vuk, shaking drops off his clothes.Sr: Милена се смејала до суза, схватајући колико невероватно ово све изгледа.En: Milena laughed to tears, realizing how incredible it all seemed.Sr: Кад је ветар најзад утихнуо, снег почео лагано падају.En: When the wind finally calmed, snow began to fall lightly.Sr: Одавде је Калемегдан изгледао магично, чак и када је све било у нереду.En: From there, Kalemegdan looked magical, even when everything was in disarray.Sr: Вук је загрлио Милену приближивши је себи, а она се окуражила да буде аутентична.En: Vuk embraced Milena, pulling her closer, and she found the courage to be authentic.Sr: "Знаш, то што овај дан није идеалан, чини ме још срећнијом," признала је Милена кроз осмех, осећајући унутрашњи мир.En: "You know, the fact that this day isn't perfect makes me even happier," admitted Milena with a smile, feeling an inner peace.Sr: Као што снег може изненадити у пролеће, тако и неочекивана спонтаност може донети радост и лепоту у односе.En: Just like snow can surprise in spring, unexpected spontaneity can bring joy and beauty to relationships.Sr: Милена и Вук одлучили су да наставе да истражују један другог, знајући да је права веза више од савршеног плана.En: Milena and Vuk decided to continue exploring each other, knowing that a true connection is more than a perfect plan. Vocabulary Words:wrapped: обавијенbreeze: поветарацbuds: пупољциexcitedly: узбуђеноgreated: дочекаоsupportively: подршкомsetup: постељенoverlooking: са погледом наconfluence: спајањеacceptance: прихватањеmishap: неприликаpanicked: паничниtangled: заплелеdisappointed: разочараниincredible: невероватноshaking: отресајућиdrops: капиcalmed: утихнуоdisarray: нередembraced: загрлиоauthentic: аутентичнаadmitted: призналаspontaneity: спонтаностjoy: радостbeauty: лепотуrelationships: односеexploring: истражујуconnection: везаperfect: савршеноplan: план

A new warrior faces her destiny… Will and Sabrina are watching “ Wendy Wu: Homecoming Warrior” starring Brenda Song and Shin Koyamada. This film premiered in 2006 as a Disney Channel Original Movie. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

A new warrior faces her destiny… Will and Sabrina are watching “ Wendy Wu: Homecoming Warrior” starring Brenda Song and Shin Koyamada. This film premiered in 2006 as a Disney Channel Original Movie. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Mystical Magical - Benson Boone

Rope Drop can make a huge difference in your Walt Disney World vacation — but getting kids out the door early isn't always easy!In this episode of Mom Street USA, I'm sharing 5 simple, realistic tips to help your family successfully tackle Rope Drop and Early Park Entry without morning stress. We'll cover transportation timing (buses & Skyliner), park bag prep, outfit organization hacks, breakfast planning, building in buffer time, and having a solid plan for your first ride.Plus, I share my Rope Drop ride recommendations for each park and what to do if your family just isn't early-morning people.If you're planning a Disney World trip with kids, this episode will help you start your park days strong and stress-free.Subscribe to Mom Street U.S.A. for more Disney planning tips made for families!Watch Mom Street USA LIVE on YouTube every FRIDAY at 12pm est!Join us now on our Patreon account: https://patreon.com/MomStreetUSACheck out our partnership with Kingdom Strollers here: https://fas.st/t/jLDXEFpD Have a question or have a future show topic recommendation? Chat with us on Patreon or email us @ momstreetusa@gmail.com!⁠⁠⁠https://linktr.ee/momstreetusa#DisneyWorld#WaltDisneyWorld#DisneyPlanning#DisneyWithKids#DisneyVacation#RopeDrop#EarlyParkEntry#DisneyTips#DisneyWorldTips#DisneyMom#DisneyPodcast#MagicKingdom#Epcot#HollywoodStudios#AnimalKingdom

The Art of the Magical Mess: Surviving the Virgo Eclipse Portal This week, the planetary parade is in full swing, and let's be real—the energy is a bit garbage. Between a Full Moon Eclipse in Virgo and Mars taking a clunky swim in Pisces, the collective "check engine" light is blinking. We are navigating high heat, deep exhaustion, and a heavy dose of the "un-knowable." Instead of fighting the tide, we're leaning into the Unicorn Wellness way: creating, dreaming, and grounding through this chaotic corridor. Whether you're navigating sacred rage or escalated anxiety, this episode is your permission slip to be messy, bold, and audaciously empowered AND heal, empower, and stabilize yourself through it all. This Week's Checklist: Move: Get on the mat 4x. Focus on your vessel—it runs on care, not fumes. Watch: The Full Moon Tarot Reading in your Unicorn Wellness Studio Library. Meditate: Connect with your Higher Heart using the NEW Monthly Meditation. Connect: THIS WEEK ONLY - March 1st–6th - Schedule a Mentoring Lite Exploration Call. The Cosmic Forecast To add to 2026's "Everything is Made Up" vibe, this week we have high Fire but zero Earth in the collective energetics. If you feel like you have 50 tabs open in your brain, get into your body. Walk, lift, or hit the mat to stave off freeze mode. Monday, March 2nd: Mars in Pisces Mars (the God of War) doesn't like to swim. Expect passive-aggressiveness or toddler tantrums in the collective. Individually? Use this to slow down, take a break, and refuse to engage in argument. Save it for a different week. Tuesday, March 3rd: Full Moon Eclipse in Virgo (3/3) A master teacher energy (33). This is a spotlight moment. It might be a celebration; it might be a mess to clean up. Use this pivot to organize your personal revolution and release the patriarchal myth of perfectionism. Friday, March 6th: Venus in Aries moves our lady into her bold and brash era. She is evocative, loud, and ready to burn bridges that no longer serve her. It's a day for a primal scream or to twerk it out — whatever works for you. Saturday, March 7th: Mercury is conjunct the Sun (Cazimi). Expect a power wash of masks, falsities, secrets, illusions, and delusions with a reboot of communication. It's "feel it to heal it" time. Listen closely, but wait until after March 20th to take major action on what you hear. Magical Mentoring Lite: Now Open! The era of the audaciously empowered female soul is here. We have 33 spots total for our Spring/Summer session (March–June). 20 spots have been filled. 13 spots remain. I am offering this at the most accessible price point ever because the collective needs more souls in sturdy ownership of their discernment, empowerment, and advocacy. If you've been a mentee between 2019–2026, you can skip the call and grab your spot now! Weekly Mantra "Perfection is a myth of the patriarchy. I reimagine my best self and welcome the magical mess it is meant to be. I allow the artistry of imperfection to be the vibe I lead and live with." Links & Resources Mentoring Lite: https://www.unicornwellnessstudio.com/magical-mentoring-lite Schedule and exploration call for Mentoring Lite: https://calendly.com/unicornwellness/magical-mentoring-exploration-call?month=2026-03&date=2026-03-03 Unicorn Wellness Studio: Access the new "Fresh Full Moon #1" workout and the Higher Heart meditation in the member library. 30 Days Free Trial https://www.unicornwellnessstudio.com/30-day-guest-access Follow on Instagram: @tandy_gutierrez https://www.instagram.com/tandy_gutierrez/

Ian and Rachel have been together for a little over a year after being coworkers for a year prior. Ian tells us that for the most part things have been great, but this past weekend Rachel had a bachelorette party in Las Vegas and Ian tells us normally Rachel posts all the time, but this past weekend she didn’t post at all. At the same time, Rachel was supposed to crash at Ian’s place when she got back from her trip, but last-minute she said she was staying at her friend’s as if she was trying to avoid Ian. We call Rachel pretending to be The Morning Bull Ride and when we ask her who the last person she saw naked is Rachel says she only knows their stage name. Find out what’s really going on in this week’s War Of The Roses! See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Ian and Rachel have been together for a little over a year after being coworkers for a year prior. Ian tells us that for the most part things have been great, but this past weekend Rachel had a bachelorette party in Las Vegas and Ian tells us normally Rachel posts all the time, but this past weekend she didn’t post at all. At the same time, Rachel was supposed to crash at Ian’s place when she got back from her trip, but last-minute she said she was staying at her friend’s as if she was trying to avoid Ian. We call Rachel pretending to be The Morning Bull Ride and when we ask her who the last person she saw naked is Rachel says she only knows their stage name. Find out what’s really going on in this week’s War Of The Roses! See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The World of Eora is a news & lore podcast about the fantasy setting created by Obsidian Entertainment for their cRPG series, Pillars of Eternity, and their action RPG: Avowed.This week, with the kickoff of the 2.0 update for Avowed, I started a brand new save file and found myself some of the unique quaterstaves in the game. Then I got to wondering - "why might there magical staves in Avowed and not in Pillars of Eternity" (from a lore perspective). So I put my thinking hat on, worked through some of the lore and actually came to realize some interesting things about how magical items might work in Eora.worldofeora@gmail.com@worldofeorako-fi.com/worldofeora

Covering various magical TV shows and more Academy talk too!

Join us as we return to Sleepyville! In this episode, the little fairy Alouette sprinkles too much dream dust in Serafina's room, and Serafina finds herself transported to a magical underwater dream world.Narrated By: Chloe De BurghWritten By: Jessica MillerWelcome to Snuggle! The best kid's story-telling podcast. Enter a cozy world of imagination perfect for bedtime, quiet time, or any time you want to embark on an enchanting adventure. Our cozy stories present a wide selection of calming tales for not just kids and toddlers, but for the whole family too! Enjoy some relaxing family time every day, when the children can parents can snuggle up together and venture into imaginative worlds, fairy tales, and other heartwarming stories. Develop deeper connections when you make Snuggle stories a routine at bedtime or anytime!Learn more at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠slumberstudios.com/snuggle⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠To enjoy ad-free listening and exclusive bonus episodes, start your 7-day free trial of Snuggle Premium: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://snuggle.supercast.com/⁠

Matt Kaplan discusses with Ivan six things which should be better known. Matt Kaplan is a science correspondent at the Economist. He is the author of The Science of Monsters and Science of the Magical, and co-author of David Attenborough's First Life: A Journey Through Time. His new book is I Told You So! Scientists who were Ridiculed, Exiled and Imprisoned for Being Right, which is available at https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781250372284/itoldyouso/. The few doctors who worked out that handwashing was essential for preventing the spread of disease were attacked by their peers https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/ignaz-semmelweis-doctor-prescribed-hand-washing George Washington disobeyed direct orders from the Continental Congress and inoculated his troops against smallpox during the Revolutionary War https://historyofvaccines.org/blog/washingtons-war-against-smallpox-revolutionary-inoculation-campaign/ Louis Pasteur was a vicious fellow who engaged in academic fraud. https://cms.viroliegy.com/2022/02/25/louis-pasteurs-unethical-rabies-fraud/ The mild mannered French physician Pierre Alexandre Louis worked out that the common practice of blood-letting was terrible for patients. https://www.grunge.com/812824/the-radical-history-of-bloodletting-explained/ Katalin Kariko https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/sep/10/scientists-egos-key-barrier-to-progress-covid-vaccine-pioneer-katalin-kariko Experiments exploring novel ideas are getting rarer as the effort needed to get research done steadily goes up https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aer.20180338 This podcast is powered by ZenCast.fm

Why don't children love to learn anymore? Is it because of the subject matter or the WAY we are teaching?

The Tooth Fairy is officially making more than some entry-level jobs. On today's comedy podcast, we break down the shocking $6-per-tooth average and debate whether kids are now filing 1099s under their pillows. Inflation? Magical budget increase? Or parents just panicking? We have thoughts.We also cover Dave Grohl's daughter signing a record deal (and whether we really know celebrities as parents), Pink absolutely roasting tabloids, Scream 7 tanking on Rotten Tomatoes, Shia LaBeouf's latest legal drama, Corey Feldman's divorce update, and some heavy RIP news from the entertainment world. Oh — and Clownvis premieres a song with Bozo the Clown called “Weirdo.” Because of course he does.Subscribe for more chaos from your favorite daily show and drop a comment: How much did YOU get from the Tooth Fairy?Follow The Rizzuto Show → https://linktr.ee/rizzshow for more from your favorite daily comedy show.Connect with The Rizzuto Show Comedy Podcast online → https://1057thepoint.com/RizzShow.Hear The Rizz Show daily on the radio at 105.7 The Point | Hubbard Radio in St. Louis, MO.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

My conversation with Matt Kaplan starts at minutes 31 mins in to today's show after headlines and clips Subscribe and Watch Interviews LIVE : On YOUTUBE.com/StandUpWithPete ON SubstackStandUpWithPete Stand Up is a daily podcast. I book,host,edit, post and promote new episodes with brilliant guests every day. This show is Ad free and fully supported by listeners like you! Please subscribe now for as little as 5$ and gain access to a community of over 750 awesome, curious, kind, funny, brilliant, generous souls I Told You So!: Scientists Who Were Ridiculed, Exiled, and Imprisoned for Being Right Matt Kaplan is a science correspondent at The Economist where he has written about everything from paleontology and parasites to virology and viticulture over the course of two decades. His writing has also appeared in National Geographic, New Scientist, Nature, and The New York Times. He is the author of The Science of Monsters and Science of the Magical, and co-author of David Attenborough's First Life: A Journey Through Time. He completed a thesis in Paleontology at Berkeley, and one in science journalism at Imperial College, London. In 2014 he was awarded a Knight Fellowship to study at MIT and Harvard. Born in California, he lives in England. Pete on Blue Sky Pete on Threads Pete on Tik Tok Pete on YouTube  Pete on Twitter Pete On Instagram Pete Personal FB page Stand Up with Pete FB page  

I've mentioned before that advertising often takes advantage of those it targets psychologically, triggering latent vulnerabilities in all of us.  Maybe it's more than just psychology, though, that makes ads tick.  I explore one possibility in this Episode 278: The Magical Manipulation of Desire. Find the Show Notes Page at: https://attackadspodcast.blogspot.com/2026/02/episode-278-magical-manipulation-of.html

Fluent Fiction - Hungarian: Farsang's Enchantment: The Night the Zoo Turned Magical Find the full episode transcript, vocabulary words, and more:fluentfiction.com/hu/episode/2026-02-27-23-34-02-hu Story Transcript:Hu: A Farsang alatt különleges dolgok történnek.En: During Farsang, extraordinary things happen.Hu: Bence, Réka és Zsófia története egy hideg téli éjszakán kezdődött, amikor a Budapest Állatkert és Növénykert csendesen pihent, s újra bezárt az utolsó látogatók előtt.En: The story of Bence, Réka, and Zsófia began on a cold winter night when the Budapest Zoo and Botanical Garden rested quietly and had once again closed in front of the last visitors.Hu: Az ég sötét volt, de a hóesés világosra varázsolta a parkot.En: The sky was dark, but the snowfall magically brightened the park.Hu: "Hol lehet az a madár?En: "Where could that bird be?"Hu: " kérdezte Bence, ahogy az orra alatt morogva a térképre bámult.En: asked Bence, grumbling under his breath as he stared at the map.Hu: Bence új önkéntesként dolgozott itt, próbálta megmutatni rátermettségét.En: Bence worked here as a new volunteer, trying to prove his competence.Hu: Izgult, de a lelkesedése nem hagyta cserben.En: He was nervous, but his enthusiasm did not let him down.Hu: Réka, a tapasztalt állatgondozó a hátát a pultnak támasztotta és ült.En: Réka, the experienced zookeeper, leaned against the counter, sitting.Hu: Tudta, hogy az állatkert sötét és bonyolult lehet azoknak, akik először járnak itt éjjel.En: She knew the zoo could be dark and complex for those visiting at night for the first time.Hu: "A türelem és a figyelem kulcsfontosságúak, Bence," mondta nyugodtan.En: "Patience and attention are crucial, Bence," she said calmly.Hu: "Az állatok a saját utukat járják.En: "The animals follow their own paths.Hu: Meg kell tanulnod észrevenni a nyomokat.En: You have to learn to notice the clues."Hu: "Eközben Zsófia, az ornitológus látogató, akit elbűvölt a farsangi hangulat és az éjszaka varázsa, elhatározta, hogy segít a keresésben.En: Meanwhile, Zsófia, the visiting ornithologist, enchanted by the Farsang atmosphere and the magic of the night, decided to help with the search.Hu: Figyelmét a madárröpte területére összpontosította, ahol talán a madár nyomára bukkannak.En: She focused her attention on the bird flight area, where they might find a trace of the bird.Hu: Bence először önfejűen saját útját akarta járni, de Réka és Zsófia megfontolt tanácsaira hallgatnia kellett.En: At first, Bence wanted to go his own way stubbornly, but he had to listen to Réka and Zsófia's considered advice.Hu: "Kövessük megérzéseidet, Zsófia," javasolta végül Bence.En: "Let's follow your instincts, Zsófia," Bence finally suggested.Hu: "Te vagy a madarak szakértője.En: "You're the bird expert."Hu: "A három főszereplő az orrukat botor árnyak felé vezette.En: The three protagonists followed their noses towards foolish shadows.Hu: Az állatkert eldugott sarkában járták be a helyeket, amiket Bence először figyelmen kívül hagyott.En: They explored the hidden corners of the zoo, places Bence had initially overlooked.Hu: A fák zúzmarás ágai között próbálták észrevenni a hiányzó tollast.En: Among the frosty branches of the trees, they tried to spot the missing feathered one.Hu: A hűvös szél időnként suhintott, amelyek élesítették éberségüket.En: The cool wind occasionally whipped, sharpening their alertness.Hu: "A nocturnális kiállítás.En: "The nocturnal exhibit.Hu: Menjünk oda!En: Let's go there!"Hu: " mondta Zsófia hirtelen.En: Zsófia suddenly said.Hu: Az érzékei megcsillantak, s Réka bólintott, egyetértve.En: Her senses sparkled, and Réka nodded in agreement.Hu: Az épületet fenntartó árnyékos bejárat hívogatta őket.En: The shadowy entrance of the building beckoned them.Hu: Bence, akinek idegei feszültek voltak a küldetés kezdetekor, most izgatottan követte Zsófiát.En: Bence, whose nerves were tense at the start of the mission, now eagerly followed Zsófia.Hu: Bent az éjszakai világító testek gyenge fénye alatt megpillanthattak valamit.En: Inside, under the dim light of the night illuminations, they could see something.Hu: A nyirkos csendet a ritka madár gyenge hangja törte meg, ahogy csöndesen ült egy faágon.En: The moist silence was broken by the weak sound of the rare bird, quietly perched on a tree branch.Hu: Réka mosolygott, majd csöndesen suttogta: "Megcsináltuk, Bence.En: Réka smiled, then whispered quietly, "We did it, Bence."Hu: " A madár visszakerült biztonságos helyére, ahogy a reggel fényével megszületett a napfény.En: The bird was safely returned to its secure place as the day was born with the light of dawn.Hu: Bence lenyűgözöttnek és büszkének érezte magát.En: Bence felt amazed and proud.Hu: Értette már, hogy a valódi erő nem az egyéni bravúrokban, hanem a közös munka értékében rejlik.En: He now understood that true strength does not lie in individual feats, but in the value of teamwork.Hu: Hálásan nézett Rékára és Zsófiára, akik segítettek megmutatni az útját.En: He looked gratefully at Réka and Zsófia, who helped guide his way.Hu: "Nagyszerű csapat vagyunk," mondta Réka büszkén, és ekkortól már nem csak egy kívülállónak tekintették Bencét, hanem az állatkerti család részének is.En: "We make a great team," Réka said proudly, and from then on, they no longer saw Bence as an outsider but as part of the zoo family.Hu: A Farsang különleges ünneppé vált a számára, s ez az éjszaka emlékezetessé varázsolta az egész időszakot.En: Farsang became a special celebration for him, and that night made the entire period memorable. Vocabulary Words:extraordinary: különlegescompetence: rátermettségstared: bámultzookeeper: állatgondozópatience: türelemclues: nyomokornithologist: ornitológusenchanted: elbűvöltstubbornly: önfejűeninstincts: megérzéseketprotagonists: főszereplőkfrosty: zúzmaráswhipped: suhintottnocturnal: nocturnálisilluminations: világító testekperched: ültshadows: árnyakalertness: éberségeagerly: izgatottandim: gyengemoist: nyirkosrare: ritkawhispered: suttogtabeyond: túlifeats: bravúrokfenced: kerítettbeckoned: hívogattamemorable: emlékezetesgratefully: hálásanoutsider: kívülálló

Steak and Rusty get in to the Hawks deciding to honor Magic City at a game coming up soon, and while they may catch a little flack initially, it really is great idea.

Rog and James Horncastle went live following Wednesday's seismic UEFA Champions League playoff clashes to discuss Bodø/Glimt's exceptional run after knocking out Inter, Vinicius Jr. scoring again versus Benfica, and what's wrong with Paris Saint-Germain?Plus, Rog and James take listener calls, discuss Weston McKennie's role at Juventus and take a look forward at the next round of possible matches. See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Send a textIn this episode, I spotlight a magical new children's book by Jared Krichevsky, the visionary concept artist behind cinematic giants like Godzilla, Transformers, and Superman. Known for creating extraordinary worlds filled with unforgettable creatures and heroes, Jared now brings that same boundless imagination into children's literature.His book, “Fernie MertBert, Come Join Our Family!”, is a whimsical yet slightly spooky reimagining of The Pied Piper of Hamelin — blending adventure, fantasy, and a heartfelt message about belonging and the true meaning of family.Request all of you to listen to this show and share your views or if you have any topics or any thoughts about my podcast write to me at somathakur@gmail.com and follow me on Instagram @somathakur.mothercoach for more updates. Support the showSoma ThakurMotherhood Coach, Lifestyle Educator & Mentorwww.somathakur.com

In honor of Black History Month, Will and Sabrina are watching “Selma, Lord, Selma” starring Mackenzie Astin, Jurnee Smollette and Clifton Powell. This film premiered in 1999 as a Wonderful World of Disney film on ABC.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Ever wonder why your kids' “school projects” either fizzle out or turn into frantic, last-minute glue-sticking marathons? Or maybe you secretly dread “interest-led learning” because you picture glitter explosions and science fair-level chaos? I get it. But what if project-based learning—done right—could actually bring joyful curiosity, deeper learning, and family connection…without sending you to the craft store (or losing your mind)?In this episode, I sit down with my real-life friend and local homeschool teacher, Karla Schlatter. Karla's a mama of four boys, a champion of lifelong learning, and a pro at weaving meaningful projects into home education. Together, we peel back the curtain on what project-based learning really looks like in our actual, messy homeschool lives.We share what sparked our love for this hands-on approach, how it's played out with both our self-motivated and less-eager kids, and some hilarious mishaps along the way (never underestimate a determined kid with a cardboard stash or the allure of rabbit poop “science experiments”).We unpack:Why “interest-led” projects are more than just crafts or busywork—and how they differ from those assembly-line curriculum assignmentsHow Karla designed a high school project course that has our teens actually caring about deadlines, peer feedback, and creativity (hello, executive function skills!)The magic (and mild panic) of letting go of control as a homeschool mom—and why that's where the real learning happensPitfalls we've both hit, including perfectionism, decision-paralysis, and that ever-present urge to “just do it my way”How to scaffold and support reluctant or overwhelmed kids so they can actually succeed (and learn from mistakes)What you'll learn:The two types of project-based learning—and which one sparks more meaningful growthHow to create accountability, positive peer pressure, and genuine motivation (even if your kid is a world-class procrastinator)Strategies for building projects around your child's true interests—even if those interests seem a bit out-there (rabbit fertilizer, anyone?)Why it's worth teaching kids to “break big goals into small steps”—and how project learning does just thatWays to start small and make project-based learning a natural part of your family culture, whether you have a group or you're flying soloResources Mentioned:Land That I Love from Homeschool Better TogetherNavigating High School Course4-H and county fairs for kid-friendly project experiencesColleen

In honor of Black History Month, Will and Sabrina are watching “Selma, Lord, Selma” starring Mackenzie Astin, Jurnee Smollette and Clifton Powell. This film premiered in 1999 as a Wonderful World of Disney film on ABC.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

It's the most wonderful time of the year!!! A new season of Survivor is about to begin. That means that Stan has invited Conductor Dan from The Grand Circle Tour podcast into the Solo Studios for a preview of Survivor 50 . Who's going to win? Let the horn sound and let's find out together. ----------------------- Hello and welcome to this edition of The Solo Show. THANK YOU for your support by joining us and our fun little podcast where YOU can be the co-host. Simple reach out to me at thesoloshow01@gmail.com with your idea for a show and we will see about being my co-host for a day. All you need is a love for Disney, a show idea, and a decent internet connection. ~Stan Solo ----------------------- If you enjoy the show then show some love by sharing out that your listening, and be sure to subscribe. Plus, take a few minutes to write a review on Apple Podcast…only one rule, make it good.  ----------------------- If you ever dreamed about living next to the most Magical place on Earth by moving to the Orlando area be sure to visit our sponsor Victor Nawrocki, he to help you make your dream a reality. Visit CelebratingFlorida.com today and find your future near the magic. Remember to tell him The Solo Show sent you. -------------------- Ken the Voiceover Guy is available for hire. Maybe you need him to read an ad for you, or record your podcast intro, etc. Send him an email at tvfella67@gmail.com for more information and prices. ----------------------- LET'S CONNECT!  Facebook.com/TheSoloShow01 Facebook.com/groups/TheSoloShow •Instagram.com/the_solo_show_podcast •Twitter.com/@thesoloshow1 •YouTube.com/TheSoloShow TheSoloShow.com- Visit our website for quick access to past shows. ----------------------- © 2026 - The Solo Show is in no way part of, endorsed or authorized by, or affiliated with the Walt Disney Company or its affiliates. As to Disney artwork/properties: © Disney. Disclosure | Privacy Policy  

Why are so many “music words” based around travel? Around space? Highs and lows, in and “out.”We talk about being in a key, moving away from home, climbing into a chorus, falling into resolution. Why are we navigating music? For me, musical gravity is one of the best ways to find your way through it!So let's go on a little trip, and find some distant lands to improve your compositional thinking and love of music!For 30% off your first year with DistroKid to share your music with the world click ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠DistroKid.com/vip/lovemusicmore⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

Michael Vlahos as Germanicus and Gaius use the legendary Spartan-Argos Battle of the Champions to frame the twenty-first-century standoff between America and Iran, arguing that American reliance on the magical fetish of air power ignores the historical reality that Persia has remained essentially unconquered for 2,500 years, with both sides poised for uncontrollable escalation without a settled definition of victory. 11746

Discover the power of magic and connection with Orion Foxwood on the latest episode of The Witching Hour!

Reclaim your energy this week, think about where you might be giving it out… social media… saying yes when you really want to say no…. Etc.

The Gaming Hut starts us off with a contemplation of introductory adventures. The Horror Hut unearths the surely vampiric backstory of a loin-cloth clad 4th century Saracen warrior whose spectacular blood-drinking turned the Visigoths from the gates of Constantinople. The Stock Character Hut celebrates the release of Page Turners with a look at the disapproving […]

Ray O'Leary joins Dan, James and Andy to discuss Rousseau, rays, receptionists and remarkable royalties. Visit nosuchthingasafish.com for news about live shows, merchandise and more episodes. Join Club Fish for ad-free episodes and exclusive bonus content at apple.co/nosuchthingasafish or nosuchthingasafish.com/patreonGet an exclusive 15% discount on Saily data plans! Use code [fish] at checkout. Download Saily app or go to https://saily.com/fish

Tickets for AIEi Miami and AIE Europe are live, with first wave speakers announced!From pioneering software-defined networking to backing many of the most aggressive AI model companies of this cycle, Martin Casado and Sarah Wang sit at the center of the capital, compute, and talent arms race reshaping the tech industry. As partners at a16z investing across infrastructure and growth, they've watched venture and growth blur, model labs turn dollars into capability at unprecedented speed, and startups raise nine-figure rounds before monetization.Martin and Sarah join us to unpack the new financing playbook for AI: why today's rounds are really compute contracts in disguise, how the “raise → train → ship → raise bigger” flywheel works, and whether foundation model companies can outspend the entire app ecosystem built on top of them. They also share what's underhyped (boring enterprise software), what's overheated (talent wars and compensation spirals), and the two radically different futures they see for AI's market structure.We discuss:* Martin's “two futures” fork: infinite fragmentation and new software categories vs. a small oligopoly of general models that consume everything above them* The capital flywheel: how model labs translate funding directly into capability gains, then into revenue growth measured in weeks, not years* Why venture and growth have merged: $100M–$1B hybrid rounds, strategic investors, compute negotiations, and complex deal structures* The AGI vs. product tension: allocating scarce GPUs between long-term research and near-term revenue flywheels* Whether frontier labs can out-raise and outspend the entire app ecosystem built on top of their APIs* Why today's talent wars ($10M+ comp packages, $B acqui-hires) are breaking early-stage founder math* Cursor as a case study: building up from the app layer while training down into your own models* Why “boring” enterprise software may be the most underinvested opportunity in the AI mania* Hardware and robotics: why the ChatGPT moment hasn't yet arrived for robots and what would need to change* World Labs and generative 3D: bringing the marginal cost of 3D scene creation down by orders of magnitude* Why public AI discourse is often wildly disconnected from boardroom reality and how founders should navigate the noiseShow Notes:* “Where Value Will Accrue in AI: Martin Casado & Sarah Wang” - a16z show* “Jack Altman & Martin Casado on the Future of Venture Capital”* World Labs—Martin Casado• LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/martincasado/• X: https://x.com/martin_casadoSarah Wang• LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/sarah-wang-59b96a7• X: https://x.com/sarahdingwanga16z• https://a16z.com/Timestamps00:00:00 – Intro: Live from a16z00:01:20 – The New AI Funding Model: Venture + Growth Collide00:03:19 – Circular Funding, Demand & “No Dark GPUs”00:05:24 – Infrastructure vs Apps: The Lines Blur00:06:24 – The Capital Flywheel: Raise → Train → Ship → Raise Bigger00:09:39 – Can Frontier Labs Outspend the Entire App Ecosystem?00:11:24 – Character AI & The AGI vs Product Dilemma00:14:39 – Talent Wars, $10M Engineers & Founder Anxiety00:17:33 – What's Underinvested? The Case for “Boring” Software00:19:29 – Robotics, Hardware & Why It's Hard to Win00:22:42 – Custom ASICs & The $1B Training Run Economics00:24:23 – American Dynamism, Geography & AI Power Centers00:26:48 – How AI Is Changing the Investor Workflow (Claude Cowork)00:29:12 – Two Futures of AI: Infinite Expansion or Oligopoly?00:32:48 – If You Can Raise More Than Your Ecosystem, You Win00:34:27 – Are All Tasks AGI-Complete? Coding as the Test Case00:38:55 – Cursor & The Power of the App Layer00:44:05 – World Labs, Spatial Intelligence & 3D Foundation Models00:47:20 – Thinking Machines, Founder Drama & Media Narratives00:52:30 – Where Long-Term Power Accrues in the AI StackTranscriptLatent.Space - Inside AI's $10B+ Capital Flywheel — Martin Casado & Sarah Wang of a16z[00:00:00] Welcome to Latent Space (Live from a16z) + Meet the Guests[00:00:00] Alessio: Hey everyone. Welcome to the Latent Space podcast, live from a 16 z. Uh, this is Alessio founder Kernel Lance, and I'm joined by Twix, editor of Latent Space.[00:00:08] swyx: Hey, hey, hey. Uh, and we're so glad to be on with you guys. Also a top AI podcast, uh, Martin Cado and Sarah Wang. Welcome, very[00:00:16] Martin Casado: happy to be here and welcome.[00:00:17] swyx: Yes, uh, we love this office. We love what you've done with the place. Uh, the new logo is everywhere now. It's, it's still getting, takes a while to get used to, but it reminds me of like sort of a callback to a more ambitious age, which I think is kind of[00:00:31] Martin Casado: definitely makes a statement.[00:00:33] swyx: Yeah.[00:00:34] Martin Casado: Not quite sure what that statement is, but it makes a statement.[00:00:37] swyx: Uh, Martin, I go back with you to Netlify.[00:00:40] Martin Casado: Yep.[00:00:40] swyx: Uh, and, uh, you know, you create a software defined networking and all, all that stuff people can read up on your background. Yep. Sarah, I'm newer to you. Uh, you, you sort of started working together on AI infrastructure stuff.[00:00:51] Sarah Wang: That's right. Yeah. Seven, seven years ago now.[00:00:53] Martin Casado: Best growth investor in the entire industry.[00:00:55] swyx: Oh, say[00:00:56] Martin Casado: more hands down there is, there is. [00:01:00] I mean, when it comes to AI companies, Sarah, I think has done the most kind of aggressive, um, investment thesis around AI models, right? So, worked for Nom Ja, Mira Ia, FEI Fey, and so just these frontier, kind of like large AI models.[00:01:15] I think, you know, Sarah's been the, the broadest investor. Is that fair?[00:01:20] Venture vs. Growth in the Frontier Model Era[00:01:20] Sarah Wang: No, I, well, I was gonna say, I think it's been a really interesting tag, tag team actually just ‘cause the, a lot of these big C deals, not only are they raising a lot of money, um, it's still a tech founder bet, which obviously is inherently early stage.[00:01:33] But the resources,[00:01:36] Martin Casado: so many, I[00:01:36] Sarah Wang: was gonna say the resources one, they just grow really quickly. But then two, the resources that they need day one are kind of growth scale. So I, the hybrid tag team that we have is. Quite effective, I think,[00:01:46] Martin Casado: what is growth these days? You know, you don't wake up if it's less than a billion or like, it's, it's actually, it's actually very like, like no, it's a very interesting time in investing because like, you know, take like the character around, right?[00:01:59] These tend to [00:02:00] be like pre monetization, but the dollars are large enough that you need to have a larger fund and the analysis. You know, because you've got lots of users. ‘cause this stuff has such high demand requires, you know, more of a number sophistication. And so most of these deals, whether it's US or other firms on these large model companies, are like this hybrid between venture growth.[00:02:18] Sarah Wang: Yeah. Total. And I think, you know, stuff like BD for example, you wouldn't usually need BD when you were seed stage trying to get market biz Devrel. Biz Devrel, exactly. Okay. But like now, sorry, I'm,[00:02:27] swyx: I'm not familiar. What, what, what does biz Devrel mean for a venture fund? Because I know what biz Devrel means for a company.[00:02:31] Sarah Wang: Yeah.[00:02:32] Compute Deals, Strategics, and the ‘Circular Funding' Question[00:02:32] Sarah Wang: You know, so a, a good example is, I mean, we talk about buying compute, but there's a huge negotiation involved there in terms of, okay, do you get equity for the compute? What, what sort of partner are you looking at? Is there a go-to market arm to that? Um, and these are just things on this scale, hundreds of millions, you know, maybe.[00:02:50] Six months into the inception of a company, you just wouldn't have to negotiate these deals before.[00:02:54] Martin Casado: Yeah. These large rounds are very complex now. Like in the past, if you did a series A [00:03:00] or a series B, like whatever, you're writing a 20 to a $60 million check and you call it a day. Now you normally have financial investors and strategic investors, and then the strategic portion always still goes with like these kind of large compute contracts, which can take months to do.[00:03:13] And so it's, it's very different ties. I've been doing this for 10 years. It's the, I've never seen anything like this.[00:03:19] swyx: Yeah. Do you have worries about the circular funding from so disease strategics?[00:03:24] Martin Casado: I mean, listen, as long as the demand is there, like the demand is there. Like the problem with the internet is the demand wasn't there.[00:03:29] swyx: Exactly. All right. This, this is like the, the whole pyramid scheme bubble thing, where like, as long as you mark to market on like the notional value of like, these deals, fine, but like once it starts to chip away, it really Well[00:03:41] Martin Casado: no, like as, as, as, as long as there's demand. I mean, you know, this, this is like a lot of these sound bites have already become kind of cliches, but they're worth saying it.[00:03:47] Right? Like during the internet days, like we were. Um, raising money to put fiber in the ground that wasn't used. And that's a problem, right? Because now you actually have a supply overhang.[00:03:58] swyx: Mm-hmm.[00:03:59] Martin Casado: And even in the, [00:04:00] the time of the, the internet, like the supply and, and bandwidth overhang, even as massive as it was in, as massive as the crash was only lasted about four years.[00:04:09] But we don't have a supply overhang. Like there's no dark GPUs, right? I mean, and so, you know, circular or not, I mean, you know, if, if someone invests in a company that, um. You know, they'll actually use the GPUs. And on the other side of it is the, is the ask for customer. So I I, I think it's a different time.[00:04:25] Sarah Wang: I think the other piece, maybe just to add onto this, and I'm gonna quote Martine in front of him, but this is probably also a unique time in that. For the first time, you can actually trace dollars to outcomes. Yeah, right. Provided that scaling laws are, are holding, um, and capabilities are actually moving forward.[00:04:40] Because if you can put translate dollars into capabilities, uh, a capability improvement, there's demand there to martine's point. But if that somehow breaks, you know, obviously that's an important assumption in this whole thing to make it work. But you know, instead of investing dollars into sales and marketing, you're, you're investing into r and d to get to the capability, um, you know, increase.[00:04:59] And [00:05:00] that's sort of been the demand driver because. Once there's an unlock there, people are willing to pay for it.[00:05:05] Alessio: Yeah.[00:05:06] Blurring Lines: Models as Infra + Apps, and the New Fundraising Flywheel[00:05:06] Alessio: Is there any difference in how you built the portfolio now that some of your growth companies are, like the infrastructure of the early stage companies, like, you know, OpenAI is now the same size as some of the cloud providers were early on.[00:05:16] Like what does that look like? Like how much information can you feed off each other between the, the two?[00:05:24] Martin Casado: There's so many lines that are being crossed right now, or blurred. Right. So we already talked about venture and growth. Another one that's being blurred is between infrastructure and apps, right? So like what is a model company?[00:05:35] Mm-hmm. Like, it's clearly infrastructure, right? Because it's like, you know, it's doing kind of core r and d. It's a horizontal platform, but it's also an app because it's um, uh, touches the users directly. And then of course. You know, the, the, the growth of these is just so high. And so I actually think you're just starting to see a, a, a new financing strategy emerge and, you know, we've had to adapt as a result of that.[00:05:59] And [00:06:00] so there's been a lot of changes. Um, you're right that these companies become platform companies very quickly. You've got ecosystem build out. So none of this is necessarily new, but the timescales of which it's happened is pretty phenomenal. And the way we'd normally cut lines before is blurred a little bit, but.[00:06:16] But that, that, that said, I mean, a lot of it also just does feel like things that we've seen in the past, like cloud build out the internet build out as well.[00:06:24] Sarah Wang: Yeah. Um, yeah, I think it's interesting, uh, I don't know if you guys would agree with this, but it feels like the emerging strategy is, and this builds off of your other question, um.[00:06:33] You raise money for compute, you pour that or you, you pour the money into compute, you get some sort of breakthrough. You funnel the breakthrough into your vertically integrated application. That could be chat GBT, that could be cloud code, you know, whatever it is. You massively gain share and get users.[00:06:49] Maybe you're even subsidizing at that point. Um, depending on your strategy. You raise money at the peak momentum and then you repeat, rinse and repeat. Um, and so. And that wasn't [00:07:00] true even two years ago, I think. Mm-hmm. And so it's sort of to your, just tying it to fundraising strategy, right? There's a, and hiring strategy.[00:07:07] All of these are tied, I think the lines are blurring even more today where everyone is, and they, but of course these companies all have API businesses and so they're these, these frenemy lines that are getting blurred in that a lot of, I mean, they have billions of dollars of API revenue, right? And so there are customers there.[00:07:23] But they're competing on the app layer.[00:07:24] Martin Casado: Yeah. So this is a really, really important point. So I, I would say for sure, venture and growth, that line is blurry app and infrastructure. That line is blurry. Um, but I don't think that that changes our practice so much. But like where the very open questions are like, does this layer in the same way.[00:07:43] Compute traditionally has like during the cloud is like, you know, like whatever, somebody wins one layer, but then another whole set of companies wins another layer. But that might not, might not be the case here. It may be the case that you actually can't verticalize on the token string. Like you can't build an app like it, it necessarily goes down just because there are no [00:08:00] abstractions.[00:08:00] So those are kinda the bigger existential questions we ask. Another thing that is very different this time than in the history of computer sciences is. In the past, if you raised money, then you basically had to wait for engineering to catch up. Which famously doesn't scale like the mythical mammoth. It take a very long time.[00:08:18] But like that's not the case here. Like a model company can raise money and drop a model in a, in a year, and it's better, right? And, and it does it with a team of 20 people or 10 people. So this type of like money entering a company and then producing something that has demand and growth right away and using that to raise more money is a very different capital flywheel than we've ever seen before.[00:08:39] And I think everybody's trying to understand what the consequences are. So I think it's less about like. Big companies and growth and this, and more about these more systemic questions that we actually don't have answers to.[00:08:49] Alessio: Yeah, like at Kernel Labs, one of our ideas is like if you had unlimited money to spend productively to turn tokens into products, like the whole early stage [00:09:00] market is very different because today you're investing X amount of capital to win a deal because of price structure and whatnot, and you're kind of pot committing.[00:09:07] Yeah. To a certain strategy for a certain amount of time. Yeah. But if you could like iteratively spin out companies and products and just throw, I, I wanna spend a million dollar of inference today and get a product out tomorrow.[00:09:18] swyx: Yeah.[00:09:19] Alessio: Like, we should get to the point where like the friction of like token to product is so low that you can do this and then you can change the Right, the early stage venture model to be much more iterative.[00:09:30] And then every round is like either 100 k of inference or like a hundred million from a 16 Z. There's no, there's no like $8 million C round anymore. Right.[00:09:38] When Frontier Labs Outspend the Entire App Ecosystem[00:09:38] Martin Casado: But, but, but, but there's a, there's a, the, an industry structural question that we don't know the answer to, which involves the frontier models, which is, let's take.[00:09:48] Anthropic it. Let's say Anthropic has a state-of-the-art model that has some large percentage of market share. And let's say that, uh, uh, uh, you know, uh, a company's building smaller models [00:10:00] that, you know, use the bigger model in the background, open 4.5, but they add value on top of that. Now, if Anthropic can raise three times more.[00:10:10] Every subsequent round, they probably can raise more money than the entire app ecosystem that's built on top of it. And if that's the case, they can expand beyond everything built on top of it. It's like imagine like a star that's just kind of expanding, so there could be a systemic. There could be a, a systemic situation where the soda models can raise so much money that they can out pay anybody that bills on top of ‘em, which would be something I don't think we've ever seen before just because we were so bottlenecked in engineering, and this is a very open question.[00:10:41] swyx: Yeah. It's, it is almost like bitter lesson applied to the startup industry.[00:10:45] Martin Casado: Yeah, a hundred percent. It literally becomes an issue of like raise capital, turn that directly into growth. Use that to raise three times more. Exactly. And if you can keep doing that, you literally can outspend any company that's built the, not any company.[00:10:57] You can outspend the aggregate of companies on top of [00:11:00] you and therefore you'll necessarily take their share, which is crazy.[00:11:02] swyx: Would you say that kind of happens in character? Is that the, the sort of postmortem on. What happened?[00:11:10] Sarah Wang: Um,[00:11:10] Martin Casado: no.[00:11:12] Sarah Wang: Yeah, because I think so,[00:11:13] swyx: I mean the actual postmortem is, he wanted to go back to Google.[00:11:15] Exactly. But like[00:11:18] Martin Casado: that's another difference that[00:11:19] Sarah Wang: you said[00:11:21] Martin Casado: it. We should talk, we should actually talk about that.[00:11:22] swyx: Yeah,[00:11:22] Sarah Wang: that's[00:11:23] swyx: Go for it. Take it. Take,[00:11:23] Sarah Wang: yeah.[00:11:24] Character.AI, Founder Goals (AGI vs Product), and GPU Allocation Tradeoffs[00:11:24] Sarah Wang: I was gonna say, I think, um. The, the, the character thing raises actually a different issue, which actually the Frontier Labs will face as well. So we'll see how they handle it.[00:11:34] But, um, so we invest in character in January, 2023, which feels like eons ago, I mean, three years ago. Feels like lifetimes ago. But, um, and then they, uh, did the IP licensing deal with Google in August, 2020. Uh, four. And so, um, you know, at the time, no, you know, he's talked publicly about this, right? He wanted to Google wouldn't let him put out products in the world.[00:11:56] That's obviously changed drastically. But, um, he went to go do [00:12:00] that. Um, but he had a product attached. The goal was, I mean, it's Nome Shair, he wanted to get to a GI. That was always his personal goal. But, you know, I think through collecting data, right, and this sort of very human use case, that the character product.[00:12:13] Originally was and still is, um, was one of the vehicles to do that. Um, I think the real reason that, you know. I if you think about the, the stress that any company feels before, um, you ultimately going one way or the other is sort of this a GI versus product. Um, and I think a lot of the big, I think, you know, opening eyes, feeling that, um, anthropic if they haven't started, you know, felt it, certainly given the success of their products, they may start to feel that soon.[00:12:39] And the real. I think there's real trade-offs, right? It's like how many, when you think about GPUs, that's a limited resource. Where do you allocate the GPUs? Is it toward the product? Is it toward new re research? Right? Is it, or long-term research, is it toward, um, n you know, near to midterm research? And so, um, in a case where you're resource constrained, um, [00:13:00] of course there's this fundraising game you can play, right?[00:13:01] But the fund, the market was very different back in 2023 too. Um. I think the best researchers in the world have this dilemma of, okay, I wanna go all in on a GI, but it's the product usage revenue flywheel that keeps the revenue in the house to power all the GPUs to get to a GI. And so it does make, um, you know, I think it sets up an interesting dilemma for any startup that has trouble raising up until that level, right?[00:13:27] And certainly if you don't have that progress, you can't continue this fly, you know, fundraising flywheel.[00:13:32] Martin Casado: I would say that because, ‘cause we're keeping track of all of the things that are different, right? Like, you know, venture growth and uh, app infra and one of the ones is definitely the personalities of the founders.[00:13:45] It's just very different this time I've been. Been doing this for a decade and I've been doing startups for 20 years. And so, um, I mean a lot of people start this to do a GI and we've never had like a unified North star that I recall in the same [00:14:00] way. Like people built companies to start companies in the past.[00:14:02] Like that was what it was. Like I would create an internet company, I would create infrastructure company, like it's kind of more engineering builders and this is kind of a different. You know, mentality. And some companies have harnessed that incredibly well because their direction is so obviously on the path to what somebody would consider a GI, but others have not.[00:14:20] And so like there is always this tension with personnel. And so I think we're seeing more kind of founder movement.[00:14:27] Sarah Wang: Yeah.[00:14:27] Martin Casado: You know, as a fraction of founders than we've ever seen. I mean, maybe since like, I don't know the time of like Shockly and the trade DUR aid or something like that. Way back in the beginning of the industry, I, it's a very, very.[00:14:38] Unusual time of personnel.[00:14:39] Sarah Wang: Totally.[00:14:40] Talent Wars, Mega-Comp, and the Rise of Acquihire M&A[00:14:40] Sarah Wang: And it, I think it's exacerbated by the fact that talent wars, I mean, every industry has talent wars, but not at this magnitude, right? No. Yeah. Very rarely can you see someone get poached for $5 billion. That's hard to compete with. And then secondly, if you're a founder in ai, you could fart and it would be on the front page of, you know, the information these days.[00:14:59] And so there's [00:15:00] sort of this fishbowl effect that I think adds to the deep anxiety that, that these AI founders are feeling.[00:15:06] Martin Casado: Hmm.[00:15:06] swyx: Uh, yes. I mean, just on, uh, briefly comment on the founder, uh, the sort of. Talent wars thing. I feel like 2025 was just like a blip. Like I, I don't know if we'll see that again.[00:15:17] ‘cause meta built the team. Like, I don't know if, I think, I think they're kind of done and like, who's gonna pay more than meta? I, I don't know.[00:15:23] Martin Casado: I, I agree. So it feels so, it feel, it feels this way to me too. It's like, it is like, basically Zuckerberg kind of came out swinging and then now he's kind of back to building.[00:15:30] Yeah,[00:15:31] swyx: yeah. You know, you gotta like pay up to like assemble team to rush the job, whatever. But then now, now you like you, you made your choices and now they got a ship.[00:15:38] Martin Casado: I mean, the, the o other side of that is like, you know, like we're, we're actually in the job hiring market. We've got 600 people here. I hire all the time.[00:15:44] I've got three open recs if anybody's interested, that's listening to this for investor. Yeah, on, on the team, like on the investing side of the team, like, and, um, a lot of the people we talk to have acting, you know, active, um, offers for 10 million a year or something like that. And like, you know, and we pay really, [00:16:00] really well.[00:16:00] And just to see what's out on the market is really, is really remarkable. And so I would just say it's actually, so you're right, like the really flashy one, like I will get someone for, you know, a billion dollars, but like the inflated, um, uh, trickles down. Yeah, it is still very active today. I mean,[00:16:18] Sarah Wang: yeah, you could be an L five and get an offer in the tens of millions.[00:16:22] Okay. Yeah. Easily. Yeah. It's so I think you're right that it felt like a blip. I hope you're right. Um, but I think it's been, the steady state is now, I think got pulled up. Yeah. Yeah. I'll pull up for[00:16:31] Martin Casado: sure. Yeah.[00:16:32] Alessio: Yeah. And I think that's breaking the early stage founder math too. I think before a lot of people would be like, well, maybe I should just go be a founder instead of like getting paid.[00:16:39] Yeah. 800 KA million at Google. But if I'm getting paid. Five, 6 million. That's different but[00:16:45] Martin Casado: on. But on the other hand, there's more strategic money than we've ever seen historically, right? Mm-hmm. And so, yep. The economics, the, the, the, the calculus on the economics is very different in a number of ways. And, uh, it's crazy.[00:16:58] It's cra it's causing like a, [00:17:00] a, a, a ton of change in confusion in the market. Some very positive, sub negative, like, so for example, the other side of the, um. The co-founder, like, um, acquisition, you know, mark Zuckerberg poaching someone for a lot of money is like, we were actually seeing historic amount of m and a for basically acquihires, right?[00:17:20] That you like, you know, really good outcomes from a venture perspective that are effective acquihires, right? So I would say it's probably net positive from the investment standpoint, even though it seems from the headlines to be very disruptive in a negative way.[00:17:33] Alessio: Yeah.[00:17:33] What's Underfunded: Boring Software, Robotics Skepticism, and Custom Silicon Economics[00:17:33] Alessio: Um, let's talk maybe about what's not being invested in, like maybe some interesting ideas that you would see more people build or it, it seems in a way, you know, as ycs getting more popular, it's like access getting more popular.[00:17:47] There's a startup school path that a lot of founders take and they know what's hot in the VC circles and they know what gets funded. Uh, and there's maybe not as much risk appetite for. Things outside of that. Um, I'm curious if you feel [00:18:00] like that's true and what are maybe, uh, some of the areas, uh, that you think are under discussed?[00:18:06] Martin Casado: I mean, I actually think that we've taken our eye off the ball in a lot of like, just traditional, you know, software companies. Um, so like, I mean. You know, I think right now there's almost a barbell, like you're like the hot thing on X, you're deep tech.[00:18:21] swyx: Mm-hmm.[00:18:22] Martin Casado: Right. But I, you know, I feel like there's just kind of a long, you know, list of like good.[00:18:28] Good companies that will be around for a long time in very large markets. Say you're building a database, you know, say you're building, um, you know, kind of monitoring or logging or tooling or whatever. There's some good companies out there right now, but like, they have a really hard time getting, um, the attention of investors.[00:18:43] And it's almost become a meme, right? Which is like, if you're not basically growing from zero to a hundred in a year, you're not interesting, which is just, is the silliest thing to say. I mean, think of yourself as like an introvert person, like, like your personal money, right? Mm-hmm. So. Your personal money, will you put it in the stock market at 7% or you put it in this company growing five x in a very large [00:19:00] market?[00:19:00] Of course you can put it in the company five x. So it's just like we say these stupid things, like if you're not going from zero to a hundred, but like those, like who knows what the margins of those are mean. Clearly these are good investments. True for anybody, right? True. Like our LPs want whatever.[00:19:12] Three x net over, you know, the life cycle of a fund, right? So a, a company in a big market growing five X is a great investment. We'd, everybody would be happy with these returns, but we've got this kind of mania on these, these strong growths. And so I would say that that's probably the most underinvested sector.[00:19:28] Right now.[00:19:29] swyx: Boring software, boring enterprise software.[00:19:31] Martin Casado: Traditional. Really good company.[00:19:33] swyx: No, no AI here.[00:19:34] Martin Casado: No. Like boring. Well, well, the AI of course is pulling them into use cases. Yeah, but that's not what they're, they're not on the token path, right? Yeah. Let's just say that like they're software, but they're not on the token path.[00:19:41] Like these are like they're great investments from any definition except for like random VC on Twitter saying VC on x, saying like, it's not growing fast enough. What do you[00:19:52] Sarah Wang: think? Yeah, maybe I'll answer a slightly different. Question, but adjacent to what you asked, um, which is maybe an area that we're not, uh, investing [00:20:00] right now that I think is a question and we're spending a lot of time in regardless of whether we pull the trigger or not.[00:20:05] Um, and it would probably be on the hardware side, actually. Robotics, right? And the robotics side. Robotics. Right. Which is, it's, I don't wanna say that it's not getting funding ‘cause it's clearly, uh, it's, it's sort of non-consensus to almost not invest in robotics at this point. But, um, we spent a lot of time in that space and I think for us, we just haven't seen the chat GPT moment.[00:20:22] Happen on the hardware side. Um, and the funding going into it feels like it's already. Taking that for granted.[00:20:30] Martin Casado: Yeah. Yeah. But we also went through the drone, you know, um, there's a zip line right, right out there. What's that? Oh yeah, there's a zip line. Yeah. What the drone, what the av And like one of the takeaways is when it comes to hardware, um, most companies will end up verticalizing.[00:20:46] Like if you're. If you're investing in a robot company for an A for agriculture, you're investing in an ag company. ‘cause that's the competition and that's surprising. And that's supply chain. And if you're doing it for mining, that's mining. And so the ad team does a lot of that type of stuff ‘cause they actually set up to [00:21:00] diligence that type of work.[00:21:01] But for like horizontal technology investing, there's very little when it comes to robots just because it's so fit for, for purpose. And so we kinda like to look at software. Solutions or horizontal solutions like applied intuition. Clearly from the AV wave deep map, clearly from the AV wave, I would say scale AI was actually a horizontal one for That's fair, you know, for robotics early on.[00:21:23] And so that sort of thing we're very, very interested. But the actual like robot interacting with the world is probably better for different team. Agree.[00:21:30] Alessio: Yeah, I'm curious who these teams are supposed to be that invest in them. I feel like everybody's like, yeah, robotics, it's important and like people should invest in it.[00:21:38] But then when you look at like the numbers, like the capital requirements early on versus like the moment of, okay, this is actually gonna work. Let's keep investing. That seems really hard to predict in a way that is not,[00:21:49] Martin Casado: I think co, CO two, kla, gc, I mean these are all invested in in Harvard companies. He just, you know, and [00:22:00] listen, I mean, it could work this time for sure.[00:22:01] Right? I mean if Elon's doing it, he's like, right. Just, just the fact that Elon's doing it means that there's gonna be a lot of capital and a lot of attempts for a long period of time. So that alone maybe suggests that we should just be investing in robotics just ‘cause you have this North star who's Elon with a humanoid and that's gonna like basically willing into being an industry.[00:22:17] Um, but we've just historically found like. We're a huge believer that this is gonna happen. We just don't feel like we're in a good position to diligence these things. ‘cause again, robotics companies tend to be vertical. You really have to understand the market they're being sold into. Like that's like that competitive equilibrium with a human being is what's important.[00:22:34] It's not like the core tech and like we're kind of more horizontal core tech type investors. And this is Sarah and I. Yeah, the ad team is different. They can actually do these types of things.[00:22:42] swyx: Uh, just to clarify, AD stands for[00:22:44] Martin Casado: American Dynamism.[00:22:45] swyx: Alright. Okay. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Uh, I actually, I do have a related question that, first of all, I wanna acknowledge also just on the, on the chip side.[00:22:51] Yeah. I, I recall a podcast that where you were on, i, I, I think it was the a CC podcast, uh, about two or three years ago where you, where you suddenly said [00:23:00] something, which really stuck in my head about how at some point, at some point kind of scale it makes sense to. Build a custom aic Yes. For per run.[00:23:07] Martin Casado: Yes.[00:23:07] It's crazy. Yeah.[00:23:09] swyx: We're here and I think you, you estimated 500 billion, uh, something.[00:23:12] Martin Casado: No, no, no. A billion, a billion dollar training run of $1 billion training run. It makes sense to actually do a custom meic if you can do it in time. The question now is timelines. Yeah, but not money because just, just, just rough math.[00:23:22] If it's a billion dollar training. Then the inference for that model has to be over a billion, otherwise it won't be solvent. So let's assume it's, if you could save 20%, which you could save much more than that with an ASIC 20%, that's $200 million. You can tape out a chip for $200 million. Right? So now you can literally like justify economically, not timeline wise.[00:23:41] That's a different issue. An ASIC per model, which[00:23:44] swyx: is because that, that's how much we leave on the table every single time. We, we, we do like generic Nvidia.[00:23:48] Martin Casado: Exactly. Exactly. No, it, it is actually much more than that. You could probably get, you know, a factor of two, which would be 500 million.[00:23:54] swyx: Typical MFU would be like 50.[00:23:55] Yeah, yeah. And that's good.[00:23:57] Martin Casado: Exactly. Yeah. Hundred[00:23:57] swyx: percent. Um, so, so, yeah, and I mean, and I [00:24:00] just wanna acknowledge like, here we are in, in, in 2025 and opening eyes confirming like Broadcom and all the other like custom silicon deals, which is incredible. I, I think that, uh, you know, speaking about ad there's, there's a really like interesting tie in that obviously you guys are hit on, which is like these sort, this sort of like America first movement or like sort of re industrialized here.[00:24:17] Yeah. Uh, move TSMC here, if that's possible. Um, how much overlap is there from ad[00:24:23] Martin Casado: Yeah.[00:24:23] swyx: To, I guess, growth and, uh, investing in particularly like, you know, US AI companies that are strongly bounded by their compute.[00:24:32] Martin Casado: Yeah. Yeah. So I mean, I, I would view, I would view AD as more as a market segmentation than like a mission, right?[00:24:37] So the market segmentation is, it has kind of regulatory compliance issues or government, you know, sale or it deals with like hardware. I mean, they're just set up to, to, to, to, to. To diligence those types of companies. So it's a more of a market segmentation thing. I would say the entire firm. You know, which has been since it is been intercepted, you know, has geographical biases, right?[00:24:58] I mean, for the longest time we're like, you [00:25:00] know, bay Area is gonna be like, great, where the majority of the dollars go. Yeah. And, and listen, there, there's actually a lot of compounding effects for having a geographic bias. Right. You know, everybody's in the same place. You've got an ecosystem, you're there, you've got presence, you've got a network.[00:25:12] Um, and, uh, I mean, I would say the Bay area's very much back. You know, like I, I remember during pre COVID, like it was like almost Crypto had kind of. Pulled startups away. Miami from the Bay Area. Miami, yeah. Yeah. New York was, you know, because it's so close to finance, came up like Los Angeles had a moment ‘cause it was so close to consumer, but now it's kind of come back here.[00:25:29] And so I would say, you know, we tend to be very Bay area focused historically, even though of course we've asked all over the world. And then I would say like, if you take the ring out, you know, one more, it's gonna be the US of course, because we know it very well. And then one more is gonna be getting us and its allies and Yeah.[00:25:44] And it goes from there.[00:25:45] Sarah Wang: Yeah,[00:25:45] Martin Casado: sorry.[00:25:46] Sarah Wang: No, no. I agree. I think from a, but I think from the intern that that's sort of like where the companies are headquartered. Maybe your questions on supply chain and customer base. Uh, I, I would say our customers are, are, our companies are fairly international from that perspective.[00:25:59] Like they're selling [00:26:00] globally, right? They have global supply chains in some cases.[00:26:03] Martin Casado: I would say also the stickiness is very different.[00:26:05] Sarah Wang: Yeah.[00:26:05] Martin Casado: Historically between venture and growth, like there's so much company building in venture, so much so like hiring the next PM. Introducing the customer, like all of that stuff.[00:26:15] Like of course we're just gonna be stronger where we have our network and we've been doing business for 20 years. I've been in the Bay Area for 25 years, so clearly I'm just more effective here than I would be somewhere else. Um, where I think, I think for some of the later stage rounds, the companies don't need that much help.[00:26:30] They're already kind of pretty mature historically, so like they can kind of be everywhere. So there's kind of less of that stickiness. This is different in the AI time. I mean, Sarah is now the, uh, chief of staff of like half the AI companies in, uh, in the Bay Area right now. She's like, ops Ninja Biz, Devrel, BizOps.[00:26:48] swyx: Are, are you, are you finding much AI automation in your work? Like what, what is your stack.[00:26:53] Sarah Wang: Oh my, in my personal stack.[00:26:54] swyx: I mean, because like, uh, by the way, it's the, the, the reason for this is it is triggering, uh, yeah. We, like, I'm hiring [00:27:00] ops, ops people. Um, a lot of ponders I know are also hiring ops people and I'm just, you know, it's opportunity Since you're, you're also like basically helping out with ops with a lot of companies.[00:27:09] What are people doing these days? Because it's still very manual as far as I can tell.[00:27:13] Sarah Wang: Hmm. Yeah. I think the things that we help with are pretty network based, um, in that. It's sort of like, Hey, how do do I shortcut this process? Well, let's connect you to the right person. So there's not quite an AI workflow for that.[00:27:26] I will say as a growth investor, Claude Cowork is pretty interesting. Yeah. Like for the first time, you can actually get one shot data analysis. Right. Which, you know, if you're gonna do a customer database, analyze a cohort retention, right? That's just stuff that you had to do by hand before. And our team, the other, it was like midnight and the three of us were playing with Claude Cowork.[00:27:47] We gave it a raw file. Boom. Perfectly accurate. We checked the numbers. It was amazing. That was my like, aha moment. That sounds so boring. But you know, that's, that's the kind of thing that a growth investor is like, [00:28:00] you know, slaving away on late at night. Um, done in a few seconds.[00:28:03] swyx: Yeah. You gotta wonder what the whole, like, philanthropic labs, which is like their new sort of products studio.[00:28:10] Yeah. What would that be worth as an independent, uh, startup? You know, like a[00:28:14] Martin Casado: lot.[00:28:14] Sarah Wang: Yeah, true.[00:28:16] swyx: Yeah. You[00:28:16] Martin Casado: gotta hand it to them. They've been executing incredibly well.[00:28:19] swyx: Yeah. I, I mean, to me, like, you know, philanthropic, like building on cloud code, I think, uh, it makes sense to me the, the real. Um, pedal to the metal, whatever the, the, the phrase is, is when they start coming after consumer with, uh, against OpenAI and like that is like red alert at Open ai.[00:28:35] Oh, I[00:28:35] Martin Casado: think they've been pretty clear. They're enterprise focused.[00:28:37] swyx: They have been, but like they've been free. Here's[00:28:40] Martin Casado: care publicly,[00:28:40] swyx: it's enterprise focused. It's coding. Right. Yeah.[00:28:43] AI Labs vs Startups: Disruption, Undercutting & the Innovator's Dilemma[00:28:43] swyx: And then, and, but here's cloud, cloud, cowork, and, and here's like, well, we, uh, they, apparently they're running Instagram ads for Claudia.[00:28:50] I, on, you know, for, for people on, I get them all the time. Right. And so, like,[00:28:54] Martin Casado: uh,[00:28:54] swyx: it, it's kind of like this, the disruption thing of, uh, you know. Mo Open has been doing, [00:29:00] consumer been doing the, just pursuing general intelligence in every mo modality, and here's a topic that only focus on this thing, but now they're sort of undercutting and doing the whole innovator's dilemma thing on like everything else.[00:29:11] Martin Casado: It's very[00:29:11] swyx: interesting.[00:29:12] Martin Casado: Yeah, I mean there's, there's a very open que so for me there's like, do you know that meme where there's like the guy in the path and there's like a path this way? There's a path this way. Like one which way Western man. Yeah. Yeah.[00:29:23] Two Futures for AI: Infinite Market vs AGI Oligopoly[00:29:23] Martin Casado: And for me, like, like all the entire industry kind of like hinges on like two potential futures.[00:29:29] So in, in one potential future, um, the market is infinitely large. There's perverse economies of scale. ‘cause as soon as you put a model out there, like it kind of sublimates and all the other models catch up and like, it's just like software's being rewritten and fractured all over the place and there's tons of upside and it just grows.[00:29:48] And then there's another path which is like, well. Maybe these models actually generalize really well, and all you have to do is train them with three times more money. That's all you have to [00:30:00] do, and it'll just consume everything beyond it. And if that's the case, like you end up with basically an oligopoly for everything, like, you know mm-hmm.[00:30:06] Because they're perfectly general and like, so this would be like the, the a GI path would be like, these are perfectly general. They can do everything. And this one is like, this is actually normal software. The universe is complicated. You've got, and nobody knows the answer.[00:30:18] The Economics Reality Check: Gross Margins, Training Costs & Borrowing Against the Future[00:30:18] Martin Casado: My belief is if you actually look at the numbers of these companies, so generally if you look at the numbers of these companies, if you look at like the amount they're making and how much they, they spent training the last model, they're gross margin positive.[00:30:30] You're like, oh, that's really working. But if you look at like. The current training that they're doing for the next model, their gross margin negative. So part of me thinks that a lot of ‘em are kind of borrowing against the future and that's gonna have to slow down. It's gonna catch up to them at some point in time, but we don't really know.[00:30:47] Sarah Wang: Yeah.[00:30:47] Martin Casado: Does that make sense? Like, I mean, it could be, it could be the case that the only reason this is working is ‘cause they can raise that next round and they can train that next model. ‘cause these models have such a short. Life. And so at some point in time, like, you know, they won't be able to [00:31:00] raise that next round for the next model and then things will kind of converge and fragment again.[00:31:03] But right now it's not.[00:31:04] Sarah Wang: Totally. I think the other, by the way, just, um, a meta point. I think the other lesson from the last three years is, and we talk about this all the time ‘cause we're on this. Twitter X bubble. Um, cool. But, you know, if you go back to, let's say March, 2024, that period, it felt like a, I think an open source model with an, like a, you know, benchmark leading capability was sort of launching on a daily basis at that point.[00:31:27] And, um, and so that, you know, that's one period. Suddenly it's sort of like open source takes over the world. There's gonna be a plethora. It's not an oligopoly, you know, if you fast, you know, if you, if you rewind time even before that GPT-4 was number one for. Nine months, 10 months. It's a long time. Right.[00:31:44] Um, and of course now we're in this era where it feels like an oligopoly, um, maybe some very steady state shifts and, and you know, it could look like this in the future too, but it just, it's so hard to call. And I think the thing that keeps, you know, us up at [00:32:00] night in, in a good way and bad way, is that the capability progress is actually not slowing down.[00:32:06] And so until that happens, right, like you don't know what's gonna look like.[00:32:09] Martin Casado: But I, I would, I would say for sure it's not converged, like for sure, like the systemic capital flows have not converged, meaning right now it's still borrowing against the future to subsidize growth currently, which you can do that for a period of time.[00:32:23] But, but you know, at the end, at some point the market will rationalize that and just nobody knows what that will look like.[00:32:29] Alessio: Yeah.[00:32:29] Martin Casado: Or, or like the drop in price of compute will, will, will save them. Who knows?[00:32:34] Alessio: Yeah. Yeah. I think the models need to ask them to, to specific tasks. You know? It's like, okay, now Opus 4.5 might be a GI at some specific task, and now you can like depreciate the model over a longer time.[00:32:45] I think now, now, right now there's like no old model.[00:32:47] Martin Casado: No, but let, but lemme just change that mental, that's, that used to be my mental model. Lemme just change it a little bit.[00:32:53] Capital as a Weapon vs Task Saturation: Where Real Enterprise Value Gets Built[00:32:53] Martin Casado: If you can raise three times, if you can raise more than the aggregate of anybody that uses your models, that doesn't even matter.[00:32:59] It doesn't [00:33:00] even matter. See what I'm saying? Like, yeah. Yeah. So, so I have an API Business. My API business is 60% margin, or 70% margin, or 80% margin is a high margin business. So I know what everybody is using. If I can raise more money than the aggregate of everybody that's using it, I will consume them whether I'm a GI or not.[00:33:14] And I will know if they're using it ‘cause they're using it. And like, unlike in the past where engineering stops me from doing that.[00:33:21] Alessio: Mm-hmm.[00:33:21] Martin Casado: It is very straightforward. You just train. So I also thought it was kind of like, you must ask the code a GI, general, general, general. But I think there's also just a possibility that the, that the capital markets will just give them the, the, the ammunition to just go after everybody on top of ‘em.[00:33:36] Sarah Wang: I, I do wonder though, to your point, um, if there's a certain task that. Getting marginally better isn't actually that much better. Like we've asked them to it, to, you know, we can call it a GI or whatever, you know, actually, Ali Goi talks about this, like we're already at a GI for a lot of functions in the enterprise.[00:33:50] Um. That's probably those for those tasks, you probably could build very specific companies that focus on just getting as much value out of that task that isn't [00:34:00] coming from the model itself. There's probably a rich enterprise business to be built there. I mean, could be wrong on that, but there's a lot of interesting examples.[00:34:08] So, right, if you're looking the legal profession or, or whatnot, and maybe that's not a great one ‘cause the models are getting better on that front too, but just something where it's a bit saturated, then the value comes from. Services. It comes from implementation, right? It comes from all these things that actually make it useful to the end customer.[00:34:24] Martin Casado: Sorry, what am I, one more thing I think is, is underused in all of this is like, to what extent every task is a GI complete.[00:34:31] Sarah Wang: Mm-hmm.[00:34:32] Martin Casado: Yeah. I code every day. It's so fun.[00:34:35] Sarah Wang: That's a core question. Yeah.[00:34:36] Martin Casado: And like. When I'm talking to these models, it's not just code. I mean, it's everything, right? Like I, you know, like it's,[00:34:43] swyx: it's healthcare.[00:34:44] It's,[00:34:44] Martin Casado: I mean, it's[00:34:44] swyx: Mele,[00:34:45] Martin Casado: but it's every, it is exactly that. Like, yeah, that's[00:34:47] Sarah Wang: great support. Yeah.[00:34:48] Martin Casado: It's everything. Like I'm asking these models to, yeah, to understand compliance. I'm asking these models to go search the web. I'm asking these models to talk about things I know in the history, like it's having a full conversation with me while I, I engineer, and so it could be [00:35:00] the case that like, mm-hmm.[00:35:01] The most a, you know, a GI complete, like I'm not an a GI guy. Like I think that's, you know, but like the most a GI complete model will is win independent of the task. And we don't know the answer to that one either.[00:35:11] swyx: Yeah.[00:35:12] Martin Casado: But it seems to me that like, listen, codex in my experience is for sure better than Opus 4.5 for coding.[00:35:18] Like it finds the hardest bugs that I work in with. Like, it is, you know. The smartest developers. I don't work on it. It's great. Um, but I think Opus 4.5 is actually very, it's got a great bedside manner and it really, and it, it really matters if you're building something very complex because like, it really, you know, like you're, you're, you're a partner and a brainstorming partner for somebody.[00:35:38] And I think we don't discuss enough how every task kind of has that quality.[00:35:42] swyx: Mm-hmm.[00:35:43] Martin Casado: And what does that mean to like capital investment and like frontier models and Submodels? Yeah.[00:35:47] Why “Coding Models” Keep Collapsing into Generalists (Reasoning vs Taste)[00:35:47] Martin Casado: Like what happened to all the special coding models? Like, none of ‘em worked right. So[00:35:51] Alessio: some of them, they didn't even get released.[00:35:53] Magical[00:35:54] Martin Casado: Devrel. There's a whole, there's a whole host. We saw a bunch of them and like there's this whole theory that like, there could be, and [00:36:00] I think one of the conclusions is, is like there's no such thing as a coding model,[00:36:04] Alessio: you know?[00:36:04] Martin Casado: Like, that's not a thing. Like you're talking to another human being and it's, it's good at coding, but like it's gotta be good at everything.[00:36:10] swyx: Uh, minor disagree only because I, I'm pretty like, have pretty high confidence that basically open eye will always release a GPT five and a GT five codex. Like that's the code's. Yeah. The way I call it is one for raisin, one for Tiz. Um, and, and then like someone internal open, it was like, yeah, that's a good way to frame it.[00:36:32] Martin Casado: That's so funny.[00:36:33] swyx: Uh, but maybe it, maybe it collapses down to reason and that's it. It's not like a hundred dimensions doesn't life. Yeah. It's two dimensions. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. Like and exactly. Beside manner versus coding. Yeah.[00:36:43] Martin Casado: Yeah.[00:36:44] swyx: It's, yeah.[00:36:46] Martin Casado: I, I think for, for any, it's hilarious. For any, for anybody listening to this for, for, for, I mean, for you, like when, when you're like coding or using these models for something like that.[00:36:52] Like actually just like be aware of how much of the interaction has nothing to do with coding and it just turns out to be a large portion of it. And so like, you're, I [00:37:00] think like, like the best Soto ish model. You know, it is going to remain very important no matter what the task is.[00:37:06] swyx: Yeah.[00:37:07] What He's Actually Coding: Gaussian Splats, Spark.js & 3D Scene Rendering Demos[00:37:07] swyx: Uh, speaking of coding, uh, I, I'm gonna be cheeky and ask like, what actually are you coding?[00:37:11] Because obviously you, you could code anything and you are obviously a busy investor and a manager of the good. Giant team. Um, what are you calling?[00:37:18] Martin Casado: I help, um, uh, FEFA at World Labs. Uh, it's one of the investments and um, and they're building a foundation model that creates 3D scenes.[00:37:27] swyx: Yeah, we had it on the pod.[00:37:28] Yeah. Yeah,[00:37:28] Martin Casado: yeah. And so these 3D scenes are Gaussian splats, just by the way that kind of AI works. And so like, you can reconstruct a scene better with, with, with radiance feels than with meshes. ‘cause like they don't really have topology. So, so they, they, they produce each. Beautiful, you know, 3D rendered scenes that are Gaussian splats, but the actual industry support for Gaussian splats isn't great.[00:37:50] It's just never, you know, it's always been meshes and like, things like unreal use meshes. And so I work on a open source library called Spark js, which is a. Uh, [00:38:00] a JavaScript rendering layer ready for Gaussian splats. And it's just because, you know, um, you, you, you need that support and, and right now there's kind of a three js moment that's all meshes and so like, it's become kind of the default in three Js ecosystem.[00:38:13] As part of that to kind of exercise the library, I just build a whole bunch of cool demos. So if you see me on X, you see like all my demos and all the world building, but all of that is just to exercise this, this library that I work on. ‘cause it's actually a very tough algorithmics problem to actually scale a library that much.[00:38:29] And just so you know, this is ancient history now, but 30 years ago I paid for undergrad, you know, working on game engines in college in the late nineties. So I've got actually a back and it's very old background, but I actually have a background in this and so a lot of it's fun. You know, but, but the, the, the, the whole goal is just for this rendering library to, to,[00:38:47] Sarah Wang: are you one of the most active contributors?[00:38:49] The, their GitHub[00:38:50] Martin Casado: spark? Yes.[00:38:51] Sarah Wang: Yeah, yeah.[00:38:51] Martin Casado: There's only two of us there, so, yes. No, so by the way, so the, the pri The pri, yeah. Yeah. So the primary developer is a [00:39:00] guy named Andres Quist, who's an absolute genius. He and I did our, our PhDs together. And so like, um, we studied for constant Quas together. It was almost like hanging out with an old friend, you know?[00:39:09] And so like. So he, he's the core, core guy. I did mostly kind of, you know, the side I run venture fund.[00:39:14] swyx: It's amazing. Like five years ago you would not have done any of this. And it brought you back[00:39:19] Martin Casado: the act, the Activ energy, you're still back. Energy was so high because you had to learn all the framework b******t.[00:39:23] Man, I f*****g used to hate that. And so like, now I don't have to deal with that. I can like focus on the algorithmics so I can focus on the scaling and I,[00:39:29] swyx: yeah. Yeah.[00:39:29] LLMs vs Spatial Intelligence + How to Value World Labs' 3D Foundation Model[00:39:29] swyx: And then, uh, I'll observe one irony and then I'll ask a serious investor question, uh, which is like, the irony is FFE actually doesn't believe that LMS can lead us to spatial intelligence.[00:39:37] And here you are using LMS to like help like achieve spatial intelligence. I just see, I see some like disconnect in there.[00:39:45] Martin Casado: Yeah. Yeah. So I think, I think, you know, I think, I think what she would say is LLMs are great to help with coding.[00:39:51] swyx: Yes.[00:39:51] Martin Casado: But like, that's very different than a model that actually like provides, they, they'll never have the[00:39:56] swyx: spatial inte[00:39:56] Martin Casado: issues.[00:39:56] And listen, our brains clearly listen, our brains, brains clearly have [00:40:00] both our, our brains clearly have a language reasoning section and they clearly have a spatial reasoning section. I mean, it's just, you know, these are two pretty independent problems.[00:40:07] swyx: Okay. And you, you, like, I, I would say that the, the one data point I recently had, uh, against it is the DeepMind, uh, IMO Gold, where, so, uh, typically the, the typical answer is that this is where you start going down the neuros symbolic path, right?[00:40:21] Like one, uh, sort of very sort of abstract reasoning thing and one form, formal thing. Um, and that's what. DeepMind had in 2024 with alpha proof, alpha geometry, and now they just use deep think and just extended thinking tokens. And it's one model and it's, and it's in LM.[00:40:36] Martin Casado: Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah.[00:40:37] swyx: And so that, that was my indication of like, maybe you don't need a separate system.[00:40:42] Martin Casado: Yeah. So, so let me step back. I mean, at the end of the day, at the end of the day, these things are like nodes in a graph with weights on them. Right. You know, like it can be modeled like if you, if you distill it down. But let me just talk about the two different substrates. Let's, let me put you in a dark room.[00:40:56] Like totally black room. And then let me just [00:41:00] describe how you exit it. Like to your left, there's a table like duck below this thing, right? I mean like the chances that you're gonna like not run into something are very low. Now let me like turn on the light and you actually see, and you can do distance and you know how far something away is and like where it is or whatever.[00:41:17] Then you can do it, right? Like language is not the right primitives to describe. The universe because it's not exact enough. So that's all Faye, Faye is talking about. When it comes to like spatial reasoning, it's like you actually have to know that this is three feet far, like that far away. It is curved.[00:41:37] You have to understand, you know, the, like the actual movement through space.[00:41:40] swyx: Yeah.[00:41:40] Martin Casado: So I do, I listen, I do think at the end of these models are definitely converging as far as models, but there's, there's, there's different representations of problems you're solving. One is language. Which, you know, that would be like describing to somebody like what to do.[00:41:51] And the other one is actually just showing them and the space reasoning is just showing them.[00:41:55] swyx: Yeah, yeah, yeah. Right. Got it, got it. Uh, the, in the investor question was on, on, well labs [00:42:00] is, well, like, how do I value something like this? What, what, what work does the, do you do? I'm just like, Fefe is awesome.[00:42:07] Justin's awesome. And you know, the other two co-founder, co-founders, but like the, the, the tech, everyone's building cool tech. But like, what's the value of the tech? And this is the fundamental question[00:42:16] Martin Casado: of, well, let, let, just like these, let me just maybe give you a rough sketch on the diffusion models. I actually love to hear Sarah because I'm a venture for, you know, so like, ventures always, always like kind of wild west type[00:42:24] swyx: stuff.[00:42:24] You, you, you, you paid a dream and she has to like, actually[00:42:28] Martin Casado: I'm gonna say I'm gonna mar to reality, so I'm gonna say the venture for you. And she can be like, okay, you a little kid. Yeah. So like, so, so these diffusion models literally. Create something for, for almost nothing. And something that the, the world has found to be very valuable in the past, in our real markets, right?[00:42:45] Like, like a 2D image. I mean, that's been an entire market. People value them. It takes a human being a long time to create it, right? I mean, to create a, you know, a, to turn me into a whatever, like an image would cost a hundred bucks in an hour. The inference cost [00:43:00] us a hundredth of a penny, right? So we've seen this with speech in very successful companies.[00:43:03] We've seen this with 2D image. We've seen this with movies. Right? Now, think about 3D scene. I mean, I mean, when's Grand Theft Auto coming out? It's been six, what? It's been 10 years. I mean, how, how like, but hasn't been 10 years.[00:43:14] Alessio: Yeah.[00:43:15] Martin Casado: How much would it cost to like, to reproduce this room in 3D? Right. If you, if you, if you hired somebody on fiber, like in, in any sort of quality, probably 4,000 to $10,000.[00:43:24] And then if you had a professional, probably $30,000. So if you could generate the exact same thing from a 2D image, and we know that these are used and they're using Unreal and they're using Blend, or they're using movies and they're using video games and they're using all. So if you could do that for.[00:43:36] You know, less than a dollar, that's four or five orders of magnitude cheaper. So you're bringing the marginal cost of something that's useful down by three orders of magnitude, which historically have created very large companies. So that would be like the venture kind of strategic dreaming map.[00:43:49] swyx: Yeah.[00:43:50] And, and for listeners, uh, you can do this yourself on your, on your own phone with like. Uh, the marble.[00:43:55] Martin Casado: Yeah. Marble.[00:43:55] swyx: Uh, or but also there's many Nerf apps where you just go on your iPhone and, and do this.[00:43:59] Martin Casado: Yeah. Yeah. [00:44:00] Yeah. And, and in the case of marble though, it would, what you do is you literally give it in.[00:44:03] So most Nerf apps you like kind of run around and take a whole bunch of pictures and then you kind of reconstruct it.[00:44:08] swyx: Yeah.[00:44:08] Martin Casado: Um, things like marble, just that the whole generative 3D space will just take a 2D image and it'll reconstruct all the like, like[00:44:16] swyx: meaning it has to fill in. Uh,[00:44:18] Martin Casado: stuff at the back of the table, under the table, the back, like, like the images, it doesn't see.[00:44:22] So the generator stuff is very different than reconstruction that it fills in the things that you can't see.[00:44:26] swyx: Yeah. Okay.[00:44:26] Sarah Wang: So,[00:44:27] Martin Casado: all right. So now the,[00:44:28] Sarah Wang: no, no. I mean I love that[00:44:29] Martin Casado: the adult[00:44:29] Sarah Wang: perspective. Um, well, no, I was gonna say these are very much a tag team. So we, we started this pod with that, um, premise. And I think this is a perfect question to even build on that further.[00:44:36] ‘cause it truly is, I mean, we're tag teaming all of these together.[00:44:39] Investing in Model Labs, Media Rumors, and the Cursor Playbook (Margins & Going Down-Stack)[00:44:39] Sarah Wang: Um, but I think every investment fundamentally starts with the same. Maybe the same two premises. One is, at this point in time, we actually believe that there are. And of one founders for their particular craft, and they have to be demonstrated in their prior careers, right?[00:44:56] So, uh, we're not investing in every, you know, now the term is NEO [00:45:00] lab, but every foundation model, uh, any, any company, any founder trying to build a foundation model, we're not, um, contrary to popular opinion, we're

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Will and Sabrina are watching “A Ring of Endless Light” starring Mischa Barton and Ryan Merriman. This film premiered in 2002 as a Disney Channel Original Movie. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

670. Is bone broth good for you? It is on a continuing upward popularity trend, so what's the deal? This episode originally aired in March 2024.Get-Fit Guy is hosted by Kevin Don. Find a full transcript here. Have a fitness question? Email Kevin at getfitguy@quickanddirtytips.com.Find Get-Fit Guy on Facebook and Twitter, or subscribe to the newsletter for more fitness tips.Get-Fit Guy is a part of Quick and Dirty Tips.Links:https://www.quickanddirtytips.comhttps://www.facebook.com/GetFitGuyhttps://twitter.com/GetFitGuy Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

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From Kalulu red card scandal, Chiellini and Comolli Juventus fury, moral panic over Bastoni and Chivu in Italian media, magical Modric Milan's hero, Malen can't stop scoring for Roma, to Alisson Santos heroics for Napoli, to Fiorentina take massive win over Como where Fabregas fries Morata, and Atalanta right back in top 4 race over Lazio who hope season ends, Orban red card sends Hellas Verona into a tailspin, preview of Champions League, Europa League and Conference League playoffs, as well as this week's Baggio, Serie ASS and Premface of the week plus much, much more when Nima and Carlo break down all the main talking points from Match Day 25 of the 2025/2026 Serie A season. Timestamps: 00:00 Intro - Match Day 25 Episode Overview 03:16 Inter Milan Vs Juventus - Pierre Kalulu Sending Off Scandal 14:55 Serie A Referee Crisis - Gianluca Rocchi Must Resign 25:26 VAR - The Protocol Must Be Changed 28:30 Italian Cancel Culture - Moral Panic Meltdown On Bastoni & Chivu 49:55 Juventus - Spalletti Won Tactical Battle But Di Gregorio Does A Handanovic 54:53 Inter - End Big Match Curse But Carved Open Way Too Easily In Midfield 57:55 AC Milan - Magical Modric As Füllkrug Woke Penalty Not Costly 01:01:44 Roma - Malen Continues To Deliver In Gasperini System 01:04:02 Napoli - Alisson Santos Changed Game As Conte & Co Remain Unbeaten At Home 01:08:32 Fiorentina Record Massive Win Over Como As Fabregas Fries Morata 01:10:03 Atalanta Right In Serie A Top 4 Race As Lazio Can't Wait For Season To End 01:11:08 Best Of The Rest - Sassuolo Score Two Wonderful Goals Against Udinese, Orban Red Card Sends Hellas Verona Into Rage Mode As Parma Win, Cremonese Fail To Score Against Genoa As Bologna Beat Torino 01:13:58 Champions League, Europa League & Conference League Playoff Preview - Juve Clash With Galatasaray In Istanbul, Inter In Arctic Conditions Against Bodo/Glimt, Atalanta Travel To Dortmund, Bologna Host Brann & Fiorentina At Home To Jagiellonia Białystok 01:17:00 Baggio, Premface & Serie ASS Of The Week - Italian Sport Shines As A Whole Italian Football Fails, Another Carragher Owngoal, Serie A Aleksandro Vs Ruben Amorim Mixup & More If you want to support The Italian Football Podcast and get every episode, simply become a member on ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Patreon.com/TIFP⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ OR ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Spotify⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ OR ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠YouTube Memberships⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠. Your support makes The Italian Football Podcast possible.⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Follow us: ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Twitter⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠, ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Facebook⁠, ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Instagram⁠,⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠YouTube⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠, ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠TikTok Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Fate brings together a princess and a girl from a small town… Will and Sabrina are watching “Princess Protection Program” starring Demi Lovato and Selena Gomez. This film premiered in 2009 as a Disney Channel Original Movie.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.