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To know one's purpose is to know one's self. In this exhilarating new episode, the STBY crew breaks down the Japanese concept of finding one's Ikigai. The crew then discusses the recent ACL injury to Kyrie Irving and what that means for his future, who has been the best player in women's college basketball, the massive extension received by Myles Garret, and so much more in this brand new episode! Shout out to Bamiyan, the best restaurant in Yokosuka!

This episode we continue to follow the monk Xuanzang on his path along the silk road.  From Gaochang, he traveled through the Tarim Basin, up over the Tianshan Mountains, to the heart of the Western Gokturk Qaghanate.  From there, he traveled south, through the region of Transoxania to Bactria and the land of Tukhara.  He pushed on into the Hindu Kush, witnessing the stone Buddha statues of Bamiyan, and eventually made his way to the land of Kapisa, near modern Kabul, Afghanistan.  From there he would prepare to enter the Indian subcontinent: the home of the historical Buddha. For more discussion and some photos of the areas along this journey, check out our podcast blog at https://sengokudaimyo.com/podcast/episode-121   Rough Transcript Welcome to Sengoku Daimyo's Chronicles of Japan.  My name is Joshua, and this is Episode 121: Journey to the West, Part 2   The cold winds blew through the travelers' doubled up clothing and thick furs.  Cold, wet ground meant that even two sets of boots were not necessarily enough after several days.  The frozen mist would often obscure everything except for the path immediately in front, hiding the peaks and making the sky a uniform white. In many places, the path would be blocked by rock, ice, or snow—the remnants of an avalanche, which could easily take an unsuspecting traveler.  And there was the elevation.  Hiking through the mountains, it was easy enough to reach heights of a mile or higher, and for those not accustomed to that elevation the thin air could take a surprising toll, especially if you were pushing yourself.  And the road was no less kind to the animals that would be hauling said travelers and their gear. And yet, this was the path that Xuanzang had agreed to.  He would continue to push through, despite the various deprivations that he would be subjected to.  No doubt he often wondered if it was worth it.  Then again, returning was just as dangerous a trip, so why not push on?   Last episode we introduced the monk Xuanzang, who traveled the Silk Road to India in the 7th century and returned to China.  He brought back numerous sutras to translate, and ended up founding a new school, known as the Faxian school—or the Hossou school in Japan.   As we mentioned last time, Xuanzang during his lifetime met with students from the archipelago when they visited the continent.  The records of his travels—including his biography and travelogue—are some of the best information we have on what life was like on the silk road around this time. In the last episode, we talked about Xuanzang: how he set out on his travels, his illegal departure from the Tang empire, and his perilous journey across the desert, ending up in Gaochang.  There, King Qu Wentai had tried to get him to stay, but he was determined to head out.  This episode we are going to cover his trip to Agni, Kucha, and Baluka—modern Aksu—and up to the Western Gokturk Qaghanate's capital of Suyab.  From there, we'll follow his footsteps through the Turkic controlled regions of Transoxania and into Tukhara, in modern Afghanistan.  Finally, we'll cover the last parts of his journey before he reached the start of his goal:  India. From Gaochang, Xuanzang continued on, through the towns he names as Wuban and Dujin, and into the country of Agni—known today as the area of Yanqi—which may also have been known as Wuqi.  The route was well-enough known, but it wasn't necessarily safe.  At one point, Xuanzang's caravan met with bandits, whom they were fortunately able to pay off.  The following night they encamped on a river bank with some merchants who also happened to be traveling the road.  The merchants, though, got up at midnight and headed out, hoping to get to the city early so that they could be the first ones to the market.  They only made it a few miles down the road, however, before they encountered more bandits, who slaughtered them and took their goods.  The following day, Xuanzang and his retinue came upon the merchants' remains lying in the road and saw the aftermath of the massacre. This was an unforgiving land, and the road was truly dangerous, even for those who traveled it regularly.  And yet Xuanzang was planning to travel its entire length until he reached India. So with little alternative, they carried on to the royal city of Agni. Agni, or Yanqi, sits on the southwestern edge of the basin, west of Bositeng lake, on the border between the Turfan basin and the larger Tarim Basin.  The name is thought to be a Tocharian—or Turfanian—name for the city, which is also known as Karashr. According to the biography by Huili, Xuanzang and his party didn't stay long in Agni.  Apparently Agni and Gaochang were not exactly on friendly terms, and even though the King of Agni and his ministers reportedly came out to greet Xuanzang and welcome him to their city, they refused to provide any horses.  They spent a single night and moved on. That said, Agni still made an impression on Xuanzang.  He noted how the capital was surrounded by hills on four sides, making it naturally defensible.  As for the people, he praises them as honest and straightforward.  They wore clothing of felt and hemp cloth, and cut their hair short, without hats or any kind of headwear.  Even the climate was pleasant, at least for the short time he was there.  He also notes that they used a script based on India—likely referring to the Brahmic script, which we find in the Tarim basin. However, as for the local lord, the King of Agni, he is a little less charitable.  Xuanzang claimed he was brave but “lacked resourcefulness” and he was a bit of a braggart.  Furthermore, the country had “no guiding principles or discipline and government orders are imperfect and not seriously implemented.”  He also mentioned the state of Buddhism in the country, noting that they were followers of Sarvastivada school, a Theravada sect popular along the Silk Road at the time.  Xuanzang was apparently not too pleased with the fact that they were not strict vegetarians, including the “three kinds of pure meat”.  From Agni, Xuanzang continued southwest, heading for the kingdom of Kucha.  He seems to have bypassed the nearby kingdom of Korla, south of Agni, and headed some 60 or 70 miles, climbing over a ridge and crossing two large rivers, and then proceeding another 200 miles or so to the land of Kucha. Kucha was a kingdom with over one hundred monasteries and five thousand monks following a form of Theravada Buddhism.  Here, Xuanzang was welcomed in by the king, Suvarnadeva, described as having red hair and blue eyes.  While Xuanzang was staying in Kucha, it is suspected that he probably visited the nearby Kizil grotto and the Buddhist caves, there, which include a painting of King Suvarnadeva's father, King Suvarnapuspa, and his three sons. You can still visit Kucha and the Kizil grottos today, although getting there is quite a trek, to be sure.  The ancient Kuchean capital is mostly ruins, but in the Kizil caves, protected from the outside elements, you can find vivid paintings ranging from roughly the 4th to the 8th century, when the site was abandoned.  Hundreds of caves were painted, and many still demonstrate vibrant colors.  The arid conditions protect them from mold and mildew, while the cave itself reduces the natural bleaching effect of sunlight.  The paintings are in numerous styles, and were commissioned by various individuals and groups over the years.  They also give us some inkling of how vibrant the city and similar structures must have been, back when the Kuchean kingdom was in its heyday. The people of Kucha are still something of a mystery.  We know that at least some of them spoke an Indo-European language, related to a language found in Agni, and both of these languages are often called Tocharian, which we discussed last episode.  Xuanzang himself noted that they used Indian writing, possibly referring to the Brahmi script, or perhaps the fact that they seem to have used Sanskrit for official purposes, such as the inscription on the cave painting at Kizil giving the name of King Suvarnapuspa.  The Kucheans also were clothed in ornamental garments of silk and embroidery.  They kept their hair cut, wearing a flowing covering over their heads—and we see some of that in the paintings. Xuanzang also notes that though we may think of this area as a desert, it was a place where rice and grains, as well as fruit like grapes, pomegranates, plums, pears, peaches, and almonds were grown.  Even today, modern Xinjiang grows some absolutely fantastic fruit, including grapes, which are often dried into raisins. Another point of interest for Xuanzang may have been that Kucha is known as the hometown of none other than Kumarajiva.  We first mentioned Kumarajiva back in episode 84.  Kumarajiva was one of the first people we know of who translated many of the sutras from India that were then more widely disseminated throughout the Yellow River and Yangzi river basins.  His father was from India and his mother was a Kuchean princess.  In the middle of the 4th century, when he was still quite young, he traveled to India and back with his mother on a Buddhist pilgrimage.  Later he would start a massive translation project in Chang'an.  His translations are credited with revolutionizing Chinese Buddhism. Xuanzang was initially welcomed by the king, his ministers, and the revered monk, Moksagupta.  They were accompanied by several thousand monks who set up tents outside the eastern gate, with portable Buddha images, which they worshipped, and then Xuanzang was taken to monastery after monastery until sunset.  At one of the monasteries, in the southeast of the city, there were several tens of monks who originally came from Gaochang, and since Xuanzang had come from there, they invited him to stay with them. The next day he met and feasted with the King, politely declining any meat, and then went to the monastery in the northwest to meet with the famous monk: Moksagupta.  Moksagupta himself had made the journey to India, and had spent 20 years there himself.  It seems like this would have been the perfect person for Xuanzang to talk to about his plans, but instead, the two butted heads.  Moksagupta seems to have seen Xuanzang's Mahayana faith as heretical.  He saw no reason for Xuanzang to travel all the way to India when he had all the sutras that anyone needed there in Kucha, along with Moksagupta himself.   Xuanzang's response seems to have been the Tang dynasty Buddhist version of “Okay, Boomer”, and then he went ahead and tore apart Moksagupta's understanding of his own sutras—or so Xuanzang relayed to his biographers.  We don't exactly have Moksagupta's side, and, let's face it, Xuanzang and his biographers are not necessarily reliable narrators.  After all, they followed Mahayana teachings, which they considered the “Greater Vehicle”, and they referred to the Theravada teachings as the “Hinayana” or “Lesser Vehicle”.  Meanwhile, Theravada Buddhists likely saw many of the Mahayana texts as extraneous, even heretical, not believing them to actually be the teachings of the Buddha. It must have been winter time, as the passes through the mountains on the road ahead were still closed, and so Xuanzang stayed in Kucha, spending his time sightseeing and meeting with various people.  He even went back to see Moksagupta, but the older monk shunned him, and would get up and exit the room rather than engaging with him, so they had no more conversations. Eventually, Xuanzang continued on his way west, following along the northern rim of the Tarim basin.  Two days out from Kucha, disaster struck.  Some two thousand or so Turkish bandits suddenly appeared—I doubt Xuanzang was counting, so it may have been more or less.  I imagine that memories of what had happened to the merchants near Agni must have gone through Xuanzang's mind.   Fortunately, for him, they were fighting over loot that they had pillaged from various travelers, and since they couldn't share it equally, they fell to fighting each other and eventually dispersed. He travelled for almost 200 miles after that, stopping only for a night at the Kingdom of Baluka, aka Gumo—the modern city of Aksu.  This was another Theravada Buddhist kingdom.  Xuanzang noted tens of Buddhist temples, and over 1000 Buddhist monks.  The country was not large—about 200 miles east to west and 100 miles north to south.  For reference that means it was probably comparable in size with Kyushu, in terms of overall area, or maybe the size of Denmark—excluding Greenland—or maybe the US state of Maryland.  Xuanzang described the country as similar to Kucha in just about every way, including the written language and law, but the spoken language was different, though we don't get many more details. From Baluka, he crossed northward through the Tianshan mountains, which are classified as an extension of the Pamirs known as the Ice Mountains.  Had he continued southwest, he would have hit Kashgar and crossed over between the Pamir and Tian Shan ranges into the Ferghana valley, but instead he turned north. We don't know exactly why he took this perilous option, but the route that may have been popular at the time as it was one of the most direct routes to the seat of the Western Gokturk Empire, which he was currently traveling through. The Tian Shan mountains were a dangerous journey.  Avalanches could block the road—or worse.  Xuanzang describes the permanent ice fields—indeed, it is the ice fields and glaciers of the Tian Shan that melt in the summer and provide the oasis towns of the Tarim Basin with water, even to this day.  In Xuanzang's day, those glaciers were likely even more prevalent than today, especially as they have been recorded as rapidly disappearing since 1961.  And where you weren't on snow and ice, the ground was probably wet and damp from the melt.  To keep warm, you would wear shoes over your shoes, along with heavy fur coats, all designed to reduce exposure. Xuanzang claims that 3 or 4 of every 10 people didn't survive the crossing—and that horses and oxen fared even worse.  Even if these numbers are an exaggeration, the message is clear:  This was a dangerous journey. After about seven days, Xuanzang came out of the mountains to the “Great Pure Lake”, the “Da Qing Hai”, also known as the Hot Sea or the Salt Sea, which likely refers to Issyk Kul.  The salt content, along with the great volume of water it possesses, means that the lake rarely freezes over, which is likely why it is seen as “hot” since it doesn't freeze when the fresh water nearby does.  This lake is the second largest mountain lake in the world, and the second deepest saltwater lake.  Traveling past the lake, he continued to Suyab, near modern Tokmok, in Kyrgyzstan, just west of the modern capital of Bishkek.  This was an old Sogdian settlement, and had since become the capital of the Western Gokturks.  Sogdians—like Xuanzang's guide, Vandak—were integral to the Gokturk kingdom. Their language was the lingua franca of the Silk Road, and at the time of the Gokturk Khaganate, it was also the official court language, and so when Xuanzang appeared at the court of the Great Khagan of the Western Gokturks, it was likely the language of diplomacy. When we think of Turkic people, many in the English speaking world think of Turkiye, and perhaps of the mighty Ottoman empire.  Some may think of Turkmenistan, Kazhakstan, Kyrgyzstan, or Uzbekistan, among others.  And of course, there are the Uyghur people in Xinjiang.  All of these people claim roots in the ancestral Turkic homeland in the Altai mountains, which sit largely in western Mongolia, north of China's Xinjiang region.  Much like the Xiongnu and the Mongols, they were pastoral nomads, moving their herds across the steppes, often covering great distances.  They would regularly move through different regions, perhaps returning each season, though sometimes not returning for years at a time.  They were often seen as barbarians by settled people living in cities, and yet their goods and horses were highly prized. Nomad and sedentary lifestyles would often collide.  Farmers would turn pastureland into fields, and when the nomadic people returned on their circuits, they would find walls and fences where there was once open land, and the people there would claim to “own” the land, a concept often foreign to people who were always on the move.  Nomadic people, such as the Gokturks, were not necessarily keeping vast libraries of records about themselves and their histories, and so much of what we get comes from external sources, which do not always have incredibly reliable narrators.  To many of the settled agriculturalists, groups like the Turks were marauders who raided their villages and farms.  They were a great bogeyman of the steppes, which required the firm hand of strong defenses to keep out—or so their opponents would want people to think. While they were known for their warfare, which incorporated their mobility, but they were keenly interested in trade, as well.  They understood the value of the trade routes and the various cities and states that they included in their empire.  Thus, the Sogdians and the Gokturks seem a natural fit: the Sogdians were more settled, but not entirely so, as demonstrated by their vast trade networks.  And the Sogdians also were part of the greater central Eurasian steppe culture, so the two cultures understood each other, to a degree.  They are even depicted similarly in art, with slight differences, such as long hair that was often associated with Turks over the Sogdians.  In some areas of the Gokturk empire, Sogdians would run the cities, while the Gokturks provided military aid and protection. Xuanzang's description of the people of Suyab, or the “City of Suye River”, doesn't pick out anyone in particular, and he even says that it was a place where traders of the Hu, or foreign, tribes from different countries mingle their abodes.  He mentions the people here as being called Suli, which is also the name given to the language—this may refer to “Sogdian” in general.  They write with an alphabet that is written vertically rather than horizontally—this may refer to a few scripts that were written this way, possibly based off Syriac or Aramaic alphabets that were adapted to Sogdian and other Iranian languages, but it isn't clear. We are told that the people dressed in felt and hemp clothing, with fur and “cotton” garments.  Their clothes fit tightly, and they kept their hair cut short, exposing the top of their heads—though sometimes they shaved it completely, tying a colored silk band around the forehead. He goes on to describe these people as greedy liars, possibly a reference to the mercantile nature of many of the people at the time. Something to note: The Turks of this time had not yet encountered Islam, which was just now starting to rise up in the Middle East.  The Prophet Muhammad is said to have been born around the end of the 6th century CE and was preaching in the early 7th century, though his teachings would begin to spread outward soon enough.  But that means that the Gokturks were not an Islamic empire.  Rather, their own traditions seem to have focused on the worship of Tengri, an Altaic personification of the universe, often simplified as a “sky god”.  Tengrism can be found amongst the Xiongnu, Mongols, and others, and it was the national religion of the Gokturks themselves, but there were many who also adopted other religions that they encountered, including Zoroastrianism, Christianity, Manichaeism, and Buddhism.  In fact, Xuanzang notes that the Turks he met in Suyab would not sleep or sit on beds made of wood because wood was thought to contain the spirit of fire, which he says they worshipped.  That sounds similar to Zoroastrian beliefs, where fire is associated with Ahura Mazda, who is also worshipped as a sky god.  These may have been beliefs inherited from their Eastern Iranian Sogdian partners. In Xuanzang's biography, we are given more details about his visit to Suyab.  Apparently, as he was headed to the city, he met a hunting party, which we are told was the retinue of Yehu Khan.  Hunting was an important part of life on the steppes, and it continued to be a favorite sport of the Gokturk nobility. Yehu Khan—possibly Yagbhu Khan, though that is up for some debate—is described as being dressed in a green silk robe, with his hair exposed, and wearing  a turban of white silk about ten feet long that wrapped his forehead and hung behind his back.  His “hunting” expedition wasn't just a couple of the guys.  It included about 200 officials, all with plaited hair and dressed in brocade robes—they weren't exactly out there roughing it.  He also had his soldiers, dressed in furs, felt, or fine woolen clothes, and there were so many cavalry that they stretched out of sight.  The Khan seemed pleased to meet Xuanzang, but his hunt was expected to last another couple of days, at least, so he sent an attendant named Dharmaja to take Xuanzang back to wait for the Khan to return. Three days later, Xuanzang was given an audience.  The khan was seated in a large yurt.  Xuanzang noted the seeming incongruity between the khan, sitting there in the tent, decorated with golden flowers, with the officials dressed in magnificent brocade garments sitting in two long rows in front of him and the armed guards behind him, compared to the simple felt walls of the tent. A ”yurt” is a common feature of nomadic life on the steppes.  It wasn't exactly a single person operation to haul them around, but they can be taken down and put up with relative ease.  And while yurts could be relatively simple, there are examples of much more elaborate structures.  There is little reason they couldn't be made larger, perhaps with some extra support.  In later centuries, there are examples of giant yurts that seem like real construction projects.  Use of tents, even in a city, where they had permanent palace buildings, was likely a means of retaining the nomadic steppe traditions, even while enjoying the benefits of city life. Whom exactly Xuanzang met with is a matter of debate.  His records seem to indicate that it was Tong Yabghu Qaghan of the Western Gokturk Khaganate, but other sources say that Tong Yabghu Qaghan died in 628, and the earliest Xuanzang could have been meeting with him was 630, two years later, so if that is the case, he must have met with Tong Yabghu's son, Si Yabghu Qaghan.  It is likely that Xuanzang, who was dictating his accounts years after, mentioned the Qaghan and then, when they looked up who it was, they simply made a mistake.  Remember, Xuanzang would have had everything translated through one or two languages.  He did know what he saw, however, and he recounted what he remembered. Tong Yabghu Qaghan oversaw the height of the Gokturk Qaghanate, and appears to have favored the Buddhist religion, though there were many different religions active in their territories at the time.  They oversaw an extremely cosmopolitan empire covering huge swaths of central Eurasia, including the lucrative silk road.  Xuanzang notes that at the court there were individuals from Gaochang and even a messenger from the Han—which is to say the Tang Empire.  One wonders if Xuanzang—or anyone at that time—realized just how tenuous the Khan'sposition was.  After Tong Yabghu's death, the Qaghanate would decline, and less than a decade later it would fall to the Tang dynasty, who took Suyab and made it their western outpost.  In fact, Suyab is thought to have been the birthplace, over a century later, of a young boy who would find a love of poetry.  That boy's name was Li Bai, or Ri Haku, in Japanese. He would become one of the most famous poets in Chinese history, and his poems were even known and studied in Japan.  And it was largely through Japanese study of Li Bai's poems that his works came to the English speaking world: first through Ernest Fenollosa, who had studied in Japan, and then by the celebrated Ezra Pound, who had used Ernest's notes to help with his own translations of the poems. This was, though, as I said, over a century after Xuanzang's journey.  At the time of our story, the Qaghan was throwing a feast, including Xuanzang and all of the foreign envoys.  Xuanzang comments on the food and drink—his hosts provided grape juice in lieu of wine, and cooked a special vegetarian feast just for him, while the other guests ate a feast of meat, such as veal, lamb, fish, and the like.  There was also the music of various regions along the Silk Road, which Xuanzang found to be catchy, but of course not as refined as the music he was used to, of course.  After dinner Xuanzang was asked to expound upon the Darma, largely about the basic principle that you should be kind to one another—I doubt he was getting into the deep mysteries of Buddhist philosophy. Xuanzang stuck around the court for three more days, during which time the Qaghan tried to get him to stay, but Xuanzang insisted that he had to make it to India.  And so the Qaghan relented.  He found men in his army who could translate for Xuanzang along his journey, and had letters of introduction written to at least as far as the state of Kapisa, in modern Afghanistan. And so, armed with the Qaghan's blessing and a fresh translator, Xuanzang struck out again.  They headed westward for over one hundred miles, eventually reaching Bingyul, aka the Thousand Springs.  This is the area where the Qaghan and his court would spend his summers, and the deer in the area were protected under his orders, so that they were not afraid of humans—which sounds similar to the situation with the deer in Nara.  Continuing on another fifty miles or so—the distances are approximate as Xuanzang's primary duty was not exactly to map all of this out—Xuanzang arrived at the city of Taras, in modern Kazakhstan, another place where the cultures of the Silk Road mixed and mingled.  Xuanzang didn't have much to say about Taraz, apparently, though it is one of the oldest cities in Transoxania, founded near the beginning of the Common Era.  A few miles south of there, Xuanzang reportedly found a village of re-settled ethnic Han that had been captured by the Gokturks and settled here.  They had adopted the dress and customs of the Turkic people, but continued to speak a version of Chinese. Southwest of that he reached the City of White Water, likely referring to Aksukent.  This is the same “Aksu” as the city in Xinjiang, both of which mean “White Water” in Turkic, but this one is in the south of Kazakhstan.  Xuanzang found the climate and products an improvement over what he had experienced in Taras.  Beyond that, he next arrived at the city of Gongyu, and then south again to Nujkend, and then traveling westward to the country of Chach, aka Tashkent.  Both Nujkend and Chach were large cities in nations of smaller, mostly autonomous city-states, which made up a lot of the political geography of Transoxania. I would note that Xuanzang's notes here are much more sparse than previously.  This may be because these were outside of the Tarim basin and therefore of less interest to individuals in the Tang empire.  Or perhaps he was just making his way more quickly and not stopping at every kingdom along the way. From Tashkent, he continued southeast to the Ferghana valley—the country of Feihan.  Oddly, this country doesn't appear in Xuanzang's biography, even though the Ferghana Valley seems to have been fairly well known back in the Tang Empire—it was known as the home of some of the best horses, which were one of its first major exports.  In fact, the Han dynasty even mounted a military expedition to travel to Ferghana just to obtain horses.  Xuanzang is oddly silent on this; however, he does talk about the fertile nature of the land.  He mentions that their language here is different from the lands he had been traveling through up to this point, and also points out that the people of the Ferghana valley were also visibly different from others in the area. From the Ferghana valley, Xuanzang headed west for about 300 miles or more to the land of Sutrushana—perhaps referring to the area of Ushrusana, with its capital of Bunjikat.  This country was also largely Sogdian, and described as similar to Tashkent.  From there, he traveled west through a great desert, passing skeletons, which were the only marker of the trail other than a view of the far off mountains.  Finally, they reached Samarkand, known as the country of “Kang” in Chinese, which was also the term used to mark Sogdians who claimed descent from the people of Samarkand. Samarkand is another of the ancient cities of Central Asia, and even today is the third largest city in modern Uzbekistan.  Human activity in the region goes back to the paleolithic era, and the city was probably founded between the 8th and 7th centuries BCE.  Samarkand was conquered by Alexander the Great, and during the Achaemenid Empire it was the capital of Sogdiana.  During Xuanzang's visit, Samarkand was described as an impenetrable fortress with a large population. For all of his travel, Samarkand was the first place Xuanzang notes as specifically not a Buddhist land.  In fact, there were two monasteries, suggesting that there had been Buddhists, but if any monks tried to stay there then the locals would chase them out with fire.  Instead, they worshipped fire—likely meaning Ahura Mazda and Zoroastrianism.  This leads to a story that I have to wonder about, given the reliability of our narrators. It is said that Xuanzang was met by the King with arrogance, but after staying the night Xuanzang was able to tell the King about Buddhism and its merits.  The king was intrigued, and asked to observe the Precepts, and treated Xuanzang with hospitality and respect.  So when two of Xuanzang's attendants went to the monasteries to worship, they were chased out with fire.  When the king heard about this, he had the people arrested and ordered their hands to be cut off.  Xuanzang could not bear to witness such suffering, however, and he intervened to have them spared.  So instead the king had them flogged and banished from the city.  Ever since then, all the people believed in Buddhism. Some parts of this strike true.  It was likely that the king would entertain this strange wanderer who had arrived with letters from the great Qaghan—that may have even explained why Xuanzang had been encouraged to make the dangerous journey to Suyab in the first place, so that he could obtain such permission.  And it would not be strange for the king to listen to his teachings.  If Xuanzang's attendants were attacked, that would have been a huge breach of hospitality, and however the King felt about it, he no doubt had to do something about it.  And so all of that sounds somewhat believable.  Does that mean everyone suddenly converted to Buddhism?  I don't know that I'm quite willing to go that far.  It is also likely that there were Buddhists there already, even if the majority religion was Zoroastrianism. From Samarkand, Xuanzang traveled farther southwest, to the country of Kasanna, which seems to have been the edge of what we might call Sogdiana.   According to his biographers, however, there was a little more to all of this.  Rather, he headed west to Kusanika.  Then he traveled to  Khargan, and further on to the country of Bukhara, and then to Vadi.  All of these were “An” in Chinese, which was the name element used for Sogdians from this region.  He then continued west to the country of Horismika, on the other side of the Amu Darya, aka the Oxus River of Transoxanian fame. From there he traveled further southwest, entering into the mountains.  The path here was often such that they had to travel single-file, and there was no food or water other than what you brought with you.  Eventually they came to a set of doors, known as the Iron Gate.  This was a Turkic fortress.  It was no doubt fortuitous that he had come from his meeting with the Qaghan, and likely had permission to pass through.  From there, they entered the country of Tukhara. As we noted in Episode 119, Tukhara was in the region of Bactria.  It was bordered by the Pamir range in the east, and the Persian empire in the west.  There were also the Great Snow Mountains in the south, likely referencing the Hindu Kush. Tukhara had been conquered by the Gokturks just within the past couple of decades, and Xuanzang notes that the country had been split into largely autonomous city-states as the local royalty had died without an heir many years before.  With the Gokturk conquest, it was now administered by Tardu Shad, the son of Tong Yabghu Qaghan.  “Shad” in this case was a local title. Here, Xuanzang's narrative gets a little dicey, especially between his biography and his records.  The records of the Western Regions denotes various countries in this area.  It is unclear if he traveled to all of them or is just recounting them from records he obtained.  He does give us at least an overview of the people and the region.  I would also note that this is one of the regions he visited, again, on his return trip, and so may have been more familiar with the region than those areas he had passed through from Suyab on down. For one thing, he notes that the language of the region was different from that of the “Suli”, which appears to refer to the Sogdians.  This was the old territory of the Kushan empire, and they largely spoke Bactrian.  Like Sogdian, it was another Eastern Iranian language, and they used an alphabet based largely on Greek, and written horizontally rather than vertically.  They also had their own coins. This region had plenty of Buddhist communities, and Xuanzang describes the cities and how many monasteries they had, though, again, it isn't clear if he actually visited all of them or not.  These are countries that Li Rongji translates as “Tirmidh”, “Sahaaniyan”, “Kharuun”, “Shuumaan”, etc. It does seem that Xuanzang made it to the capital city, the modern city Kunduz, Afghanistan. Xuanzang actually had something specific for the local Gokturk ruler, Tardu Shad.  Tardu Shad's wife was the younger sister of King Qu Wentai of Gaochang, whom we met last episode.  Qu Wentai had provided Xuanzang a letter for his younger sister and her husband.  Unfortunately, Xuanzang arrived to learn that the princess of Gaochang had passed away, and Tardu Shad's health was failing.  It does seem that Tardu Shad was aware of Xuanzang, however—a letter had already come from Qu Wentai to let them know that Xuanzang was on his way.  As I mentioned last episode, letters were an important part of how communities stayed tied together.  Of course, given the perils of the road, one assumes that multiple letters likely had to be sent just in case they didn't make it.  The US Postal Service this was not. Tardu Shad, though not feeling well, granted an interview with Xuanzang.  He suggested that Xuanzang should stick around.  Then, once the Shad had recovered from his illness, he would accompany Xuanzang personally on his trip to India.  Unfortunately, that was not to be.  While Xuanzang was staying there, he was witness to deadly drama.  Tardu Shad was recovering, which was attributed to the recitations by an Indian monk who was also there.  This outcome was not exactly what some in the court had wanted.  One of the Shad's own sons, known as the Tagin prince, plotted with the Shad's current wife, the young Khatun, and she poisoned her husband.  With the Shad dead, the throne might have gone to the son of the Gaochang princess, but he was still too young.  As such, the Tagin Prince was able to usurp the throne himself, and he married his stepmother, the young Khatun.  The funeral services for the late Tardu Shad meant that Xuanzang was obliged to stay at Ghor for over a month. During that time, Xuanzang had a seemingly pleasant interaction with an Indian monk.  And when he finally got ready to go, he asked the new Shad for a guide and horses.  He agreed, but also made the suggestion that Xuanzang should then head to Balkh.  This may have meant a bit of backtracking, but the Shad suggested that it would be worth it, as Balkh had a flourishing Buddhist community. Fortunately, there was a group of Buddhist monks from Balkh who happened to be in Kunduz to express their condolences at the passing of Tardu Shad, and they agreed to accompany Xuanzang back to their hometown, lest he end up getting lost and taking the long way there. The city of Balkh is also known as “Baktra”, as in “Bactria”, another name of this region.  A settlement has been there since at least 500 BCE , and it was already an important city when it was captured by Alexander the Great.  It sits at the confluence of several major trade routes, which no doubt were a big part of its success.  Xuanzang's biography notes that it was a massive city, though it was relatively sparsely populated—probably due to the relatively recent conquest by the Gokturks, which had occurred in the last couple of decades.  That said, there were still thousands of monks residing at a hundred monasteries in and around the city.  They are all characterized as monks of Theravada schools.  Southwest of the city was a monastery known as Navasamgharama, aka Nava Vihara, or “New Monastery”.  Despite its name, the monastery may have actually been much older, going back to the Kushan emperor Kaniska, in the 2nd century CE.  Ruins identified as this “New Monastery” are still visible south of Balkh, today. The monastery is described as being beautifully decorated, and it seems that it had a relic—one of the Buddha's teeth.  There are also various utensils that the Buddha is said to have used, as well.  The objects would be displayed on festival days.  North of the monastery there was a stupa more than 200 feet in height.  South of the monastery was a hermitage.  Each monk who studied there and passed away would have a stupa erected for them, as well.  Xuanzang notes that there were at around 700 memorial stupas, such that they had to be crammed together, base to base. It was here that Xuanzang met a young monk named Prajnaakara, who was already somewhat famous in India, and well-studied.  When questioned about certain aspects of Buddhism, Xuanzang was impressed by the monk's answers, and so stayed there a month studying with the young monk. Eventually, Xuanzang was ready to continue on his journey.  He departed Balkh towards the south, accompanying the teacher Prajnakara, and together they entered the Great Snow Mountains, aka the Hindu Kush.  This path was even more dangerous than the trip through the Tian Shan mountains to Suyab.   They eventually left the territory of Tukhara and arrived at Bamiyan.  Bamiyan was a kingdom in the Hindu Kush, themselves an extension of the Himalayan Mountain range.  It Is largely based around valley, home to the modern city of Bamyan, Afghanistan, which sits along the divide between Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent.  Today it is a major center for individuals of the Hazara ethnic group, one of the main ethnic groups in Afghanistan, which is a multi-ethnic state that includes, today, the Pashtun, Hazara, Tajik, and Uzbek people, along with a number of smaller ethnic groups.  Today they largely reside in the mountainous areas of the Hindu Kush. Bamiyan made an impact on our protagonist.   Their language was slightly different from that in Tukhara, but using the same—or similar enough—writing system.  Buddhism was thriving in the capital, and we are told of a rock statue of the standing Buddha, over a hundred feet in height, along with a copper statue of the standing Buddha nearby.    There was also another reclining Buddha a mile or two down the road.  There were multiple monasteries with thousands of monks, and the ruler of that kingdom received Xuanzang well. Xuanzang wasn't the first monk to travel to Bamiyan from the Middle Kingdom—in this he was, perhaps unwittingly, on the trail of the monk Faxian.  Faxian likely did not see these statues, though, as we believe they were built in the 6th and early 7th century—at least the stone Buddha statues.  They were a famous worship site until February 2001, when the Taliban gave an order to destroy all of the statues in Afghanistan.  Despite this, they were inscribed as UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2003. Fortunately, we have images from before their destruction.  These statues were a blend of Greco-Buddhist and Gandharan art styles—appropriate as it stands between the Hellenistic area of Tukhara and the ancient region of Gandhara—including the modern city of Kandahar and into the Indus Valley region of Pakistan. Continuing east through the mountains, Xuanzang eventually came out at the kingdom of Kapisa.  This may have had its capital around modern-day Bagram, north of modern Kabul, but the country seems to have been quite large.  Kapisa over saw some tens of other countries, and it is thought that at one time its influence extended from Bamyan and Kandahar to the area of modern Jalalabad.  Their language was even more different than that of Tukhara, but they were still using the same writing system.  The king of Kapisa is said to have been of Suli ethnicity—which would seem to indicate that he was Sogdian, or at least descended from people of the Transoxanian region.    Xuanzang notes that the ruler, as rough and fiery as he is described—as a true warlord or similar—he nonetheless made a silver image of the Buddha, eighteen feet in height, every year.  He also gave charity to the poor and needy in an assembly that was called every five years.  There were over one hundred monasteries and some 6000 monks, per Xuanzang's recollection, and notably, they were largely following Mahayana teachings. For the most part the monks that Xuanzang had encountered on this journey were Theravada—Xuanzang refers to them as “Hinayana”, referring to the “Lesser Vehicle” in contrast to Xuanzang's own “Mahayana”, or “Greater Vehicle”.  “Theravada” refers to the “way of the elders” and while Mahayana Buddhism largely accepts the sutras of Theravada Buddhism, there are many Mahayana texts that Theravada Buddhists do not believe are canonical.  We discussed this back in Episode 84. There was apparently a story of another individual from the Yellow River being sent as a hostage to Kapisa when it was part of the Kushan Empire, under Kanishka or similar.  Xuanzang recounts various places that the hostage, described as a prince, lived or visited while in the region.  Xuanzang's arrival likely stirred the imagination of people who likely knew that the Tang were out there, but it was such a seemingly impossible distance for most people.  And yet here was someone who had traveled across all of that distance.  One of the monasteries that claimed to have been founded because of that ancient Han prince invited Xuanzang to stay with them.  Although it was a Theravada monastery, Xuanzang took them up on the offer, both because of the connection to someone who may have been his countryman, but also because of his traveling companion, Prajnakara, who was also a Theravada monk, and may not be comfortable staying at a Mahayana monastery. Xuanzang spends a good deal of ink on the stories of how various monasteries and other sites were founded in Kapisa and the surrounding areas.  He must have spent some time there to accumulate all of this information.  It is also one of the places where he seems to have hit at least twice—once on the way to India, and once during his return journey. The King of Kapisa is said to have been a devotee of Mahayana Buddhism.  He invited Xuanzang and Prajnakara to come to a Mahayana monastery to hold a Dharma gathering.  There they met with several leading figures in the monastery, and they discussed different theories.  This gathering lasted five days, and at the end, the king offered Xuanzang and the other monks five bolts of pure brocade and various other gifts.  Soon thereafter, the monk Prajnakara was invited back to Tukhara, and so he and Xuanzang parted ways. And it was about time for Xuanzang to continue onwards as well.  From Kapisa, he would travel across the “Black Range” and into Lampaka.  This may refer to the area of Laghman or Jalalabad.  Today, this is in modern Afghanistan, but for Xuanzang, this would have been the northwestern edge of India.  He was almost there. And so are we, but we'll save his trip into India for next episode. Until then thank you for listening and for all of your support. If you like what we are doing, please tell your friends and feel free to rate us wherever you listen to podcasts.  If you feel the need to do more, and want to help us keep this going, we have information about how you can donate on Patreon or through our KoFi site, ko-fi.com/sengokudaimyo, or find the links over at our main website,  SengokuDaimyo.com/Podcast, where we will have some more discussion on topics from this episode. Also, feel free to reach out to our Sengoku Daimyo Facebook page.  You can also email us at the.sengoku.daimyo@gmail.com.  Thank you, also, to Ellen for their work editing the podcast. And that's all for now.  Thank you again, and I'll see you next episode on Sengoku Daimyo's Chronicles of Japan.

I denne episode taler jeg Anne Marie Boye, der som solorejsende kastede sig ud i et eventyr til Afghanistan – et land, mange forbinder med konflikter, men som også rummer enestående gæstfrihed og storslået natur. Anne Marie deler sine oplevelser med at rejse som kvinde i et mandsdomineret samfund, bo hos lokale familier, og navigere Talibans strenge regler. Hun fortæller om uforglemmelige øjeblikke, som at lave mad med kvinderne i Bamiyan og opleve Afghanistans smukke, rå landskaber. Få indsigt i, hvordan man planlægger en rejse til et af verdens mest komplekse lande – og hvorfor Anne Marie allerede drømmer om at tage tilbage.

Our host Stephanie Fortunato sits down with Rana Amirtahmasebi and Jason Schupbach, co-editors of The Routledge Handbook of Urban Cultural Planning, to be released in December 2024. The Handbook is the first survey of the latest and greatest thinking in urban cultural planning in 10 years, exploring approaches to bringing more cultural vibrancy and engagement in sustainable urban development. The book focuses on the spatial and social organization of urban spaces that facilitate artistic production, foster community well-being, and nurture expressions of civic identity.AcknowledgmentThe Handbook is a partnership between the editors and the World Cities Culture Forum, a network of civic leaders from over 40 creative cities across six continents who share solutions to build a world where culture is at the heart of thriving cities. Leadership at the forum, including Executive Director Laia Gasch, provided significant assistance in helping to structure the book and identify authors. In addition, the editors are grateful for the assistance provided by Global Cultural Districts Network, including Founder Adrian Ellis and Director of Special Projects Stephanie Fortunato, in finding authors and identifying key issues. Also, we are grateful to the staff of the National Endowment for the Arts for assisting identifying authors, including Chair Dr. Maria Rosario Jackson, Senior Advisor Jennifer Hughes and Director of State, Regional and Local Partnerships Michael Orlove. Tashera Dean assisted in copyediting.ReferencesThe Routledge Handbook of Urban Cultural Planning: https://www.routledge.com/The-Routledge-Handbook-of-Urban-Cultural-Planning/Amirtahmasebi-Schupbach/p/book/9781032509907Mark Schuster, professor of urban studies and planning, an expert on arts funding policies: https://news.mit.edu/2008/obit-schuster-0227UNESCO Culture in city reconstruction and recovery: position paper: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000265981Khaled al-Asaad, a Syrian archaeologist and the head of antiquities at the ancient city of Palmyra: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-55977964Buddhas of Bamiyan: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buddhas_of_BamiyanRebuilding the Old Bridge in Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina: https://whc.unesco.org/en/story-mostar-bridge/Roberto Bedoya, Cultural Affairs Manager, City of Oakland: https://www.oaklandca.gov/staff/roberto-bedoyaRana Amirtahmasebi BioRana Amirtahmasebi is an economic development and cultural planning strategist and researcher. She is the founder of Eparque Urban Strategies in New York and previously worked at the World Bank, Aga Khan Programme on Islamic Architecture at MIT and several other entities. https://www.linkedin.com/in/rana-amirtahmasebi-56a0667/ Jason Schupbach BioJason Schupbach is the dean of the Westphal College of Media Arts & Design at Drexel University. He is a nationally recognized expert in the role that arts and design play in improving communities. https://www.linkedin.com/in/jasonschupbach/ 

Content warning for discussion of genocide, torture, mutilation, rape, and slavery Hey, Hi, Hello, this is the History Wizard and welcome back for Day 14 of Have a Day w/ The History Wizard. Thank you to everyone who tuned in for Day 13 last week, and especially thank you to everyone who rated and/or reviewed the podcast. I hope you all learned something last week and I hope the same for this week. This week marks the 5th part of our mini series of currently ongoing genocides and humanitarian crises. Episode 2 was on Palestine, Episode 11 was on Congo, episode 12 was on Sudan, episode 13 was on Xinjiang, and today's episode will talk about the genocide of the Rohingya people of Myanmar. It's officially the end of week 2! We made it. Congratulations one and all on surviving 2 weeks worth of weeks. As a gift for you all we're going to visit the Alchemist's Table. Today;s libation is called Prohibition Sweet Tooth. It's 1.5 ounces each of Redemption Bourbon and Creme de Cacao, followed by .75 oz of Frangelico. Shake well and pour over ice. Officially the Rohingya genocide began around 2016 and continues to this day, but as we know from every other episode we've had so far, genocide's don't just pop up out of nowhere all of the sudden. There is context, there is a roadmap of hindsight that we can follow back to, if not a starting point at least a starting line. So, first, let's talk about Myanmar. There have been homonid species living on Myanmar for about 750,000 years, first in the form of Homo erectus and then Homo sapiens starting around 25,000 years ago. Then a whole lot of history happened that, while fascinating and important, isn't strictly relevant to what we're going to discuss today. Starting on January 1, 1886 Myanmar (then called Burma) was officially annexed by the British Empire under the control of the British East India Company. Burma would remain under British rule until 1948. Burma was officially declared an independent state by an act of Parliament, specifically the Burma Independence Act 1947. Burma then remained under a civilian government until 1962, at which point it was overthrown in a coup detat and Burma (which became Myanmar officially in 1989) has been under military rule since then. Between 1962 and 1974, Myanmar was ruled by a revolutionary council headed by the general. Almost all aspects of society (business, media, production) were nationalised or brought under government control under the Burmese Way to Socialism, which combined Soviet-style nationalisation and central planning. A long series of anti-government protests resulted in a popular uprising in 1988, sometimes called the 8888 Uprising. This would lead directly to the renaming of the country from Burma to Myanmar and the country's first free, multiparty elections in 30 years. So, as you can see Myanmar has had an interesting and contentious history born of a desire for a strong sense of national unity, stability, and growth. It was the instability of the civilian government, the lack of growth, the skyrocketing crime rates, and the fear of the disintegration of Burma into several smaller nations that would lead to the 1962 coup after all. When your country has such a strong, almost rabid desire for unity and strength and national identity it always goes hand in hand with a desire for a homogenous society. The Germans in World War 2 felt it. The Ottomans in World War 1 felt it. It's what nations who fear their own collapse DO. They look for the divisive elements, the ones who don't fit the majority mold and they say “Hey, these people won't fall in line. They're dividing out country, threatening it with their different religion, culture, values, etc. We can solve all of our problems, save our country if we just… get rid of them”. Myanmar is a Buddhist majority country, by an overwhelming margin. According to the 2014 Myanmar census 90% of the country's population (of about 56 million) is Buddhist. 6.3% is Christian and just over 2% is Muslim. The Rohingya people, the subjects of our episode for today and Mulsim, so let's dive back and take a look at the history of Muslim persecution in Myanmar. The first Muslim documented in Burmese history (recorded in the Glass Palace Chronicle) was Byat Wi during the reign of Mon, a Thaton king, circa 1050 AD. The two sons of Byat Wi's brother Byat Ta, known as Shwe Byin brothers, were executed as children either because of their Islamic faith, or because they refused forced labor. Throughout the premodern era various restrictions were placed on Muslim communities in Burma. The Burmese king Bayinnaung banned Islamic ritual slaughter, thereby prohibiting Muslims from consuming halal meals of goats and chicken. He also banned Eid al-Adha and Qurbani, regarding killing animals in the name of religion as a cruel custom. Burma having largely adopted Buddhism by the 12th century CE. Although, in a strange, cruel, and somewhat ironic twist King Bodawpaya from 1782–1819 arrested four prominent Burmese Muslim Imams from Myedu and killed them in Ava, the capital, after they refused to eat pork. According to the Myedu Muslim and Burma Muslim version, Bodawpaya later apologized for the killings and recognised the Imams as saints. During the "Burma for Burmese" campaign in the late 1930s, a violent demonstration took place in Surti Bazaar, a Muslim area. When the police, who were ethnically Indian (there was a lot of anti-Indian sentiment in Burma in the 1930s, and because most Indian people living in Burma were Muslim, this also affected Muslim Burmese people), tried to break up the demonstration, three monks were injured. Images of monks being injured by ethnically Indian policemen were circulated by Burmese newspapers, provoking riots. Muslim properties, including shops and houses were looted. According to official sources, 204 Muslims were killed and over 1,000 were injured. 113 mosques were damaged. Panglong, a Chinese Muslim town in British Burma, was entirely destroyed by the Japanese invaders in the Japanese invasion of Burma in World War 2. And, after the 1962 coup all Muslim troops were expelled from the Army.  And, of course, we need to talk about the 1997 Mandalay Riots. Mandalay is the second largest city in Myanmar. a mob of 1,000–1,500 Buddhist monks and others shouted anti-Muslim slogans as they targeted mosques, shop-houses, and vehicles that were in the vicinity of mosques for destruction. Looting, the burning of religious books, acts of sacrilege, and vandalizing Muslim-owned establishments were also common. At least three people were killed and around 100 monks arrested. The unrest in Mandalay allegedly began after reports of an attempted rape of a girl by Muslim men, though there's no way to know if that story is true or not. In 2001, anti-Muslim pamphlets, most notably The Fear of Losing One's Race, were widely distributed by monks. Many Muslims feel that this exacerbated the anti-Muslim feelings that had been provoked by the destruction of the Buddhas of Bamiyan in Afghanistan. (The Buddhas are two giant statues in the Bamiyan Valley of Afghanistan that daye from about the 6th century CE, they have long been considered a holy site by Buddhists and they were destroyed by the Talbian in 2001). And that's why on 15 May 2001, anti-Muslim riots broke out in Taungoo, Pegu division, resulting in the deaths of about 200 Muslims, in the destruction of 11 mosques and the setting ablaze of over 400 houses. On 15 May, the first day of the anti-Muslim uprisings, about 20 Muslims who were praying in the Han Tha mosque were killed and some were beaten to death by the pro-junta forces. Now, something that we need to discuss before I forget to is that since 1982 the Rohingya have been denied voting rights and citizenship within Myanmar thanks to the 1982 Citizenship Law. The law created three categories of citizenship: the first category applied to ethnic Burmans and members of the Kachin, Kayah, Karen, Mon, Arakan Buddhists, Shan, and any other ethnic group present in Myanmar prior to 1823 (though they did not include Rohingya Muslims, rendering them stateless), granted them full citizenship. The second category granted partial “associate” citizenship to the children of mixed marriages where one parents fell into the first category, as well as to individuals who had lived in Myanmar for five consecutive years, or to individuals who lived in Myanmar for eight out of the ten years prior to independence. Associate citizens could earn an income, but could not serve in political office. The third category applied to the offspring of immigrants who arrived in Myanmar during the period of British colonial rule. When we look at the state of Myanmar during the 20th century we can very clearly see Levels 3 and 4 of the Pyramid of Hate. The Pyramid of Hate was created in the mid aughts and was based on the Alport Scale of Prejudice created by psychologist Gordon Alport in the 1950s. Simply put the five levels, going from bottom to top are thoughts, words, discriminatory policy, violence towards individuals because of their membership to the group and violence against the cultural markers of the group, and finally genocide. Myanmar, very obviously has and had discriminatory policy and violence towards individuals and their cultural markers. Massacres, riots, burning Qurans and mosques all fit under level 4. But, of course, things can and did get worse. There was the 2012 Rakhine State riots. Sectarian violence erupted between the Rakhine ethnic group and the Rohingya and ended with most of the Rohingya population of Sittwe, the capital of the Rakhine State being expelled. Over the course of the riots that lasted most of June and erupted again in October a little over 160 people were killed and over 100,000 Rohingya were displaced. We are now in our time of rapid escalation of violence as the next major anti Rohingya event would occur in March of 2013. But before we talk about the 2013 riots we need to talk about the 969 Movement. The 969 is a violently Islamophobic Buddhist Nationalist organization founded and run by Ashin Wirathu. Time for a slight diversion for a fun fact: The three digits of 969 "symbolize the virtues of the Buddha, Buddhist practices and the Buddhist community". The first 9 stands for the nine special attributes of the Buddha and the 6 for the six special attributes of his Dharma, or Buddhist Teachings, and the last 9 represents the nine special attributes of Buddhist Sangha (monastic community). Those special attributes are the Three Jewels of the Buddha. Wirathu claims that he does not advocate for violence against Muslims and that all he wants is peace, and yet in a Time magazine article he had this to say: "You can be full of kindness and love, but you cannot sleep next to a mad dog", Wirathu said, referring to Muslims. "If we are weak", he said, "our land will become Muslim". The 2013 riots were particularly brutal. One incident involved several Muslim teenagers dragging a Buddhist man off of his bike and setting him on fire. As well as the deadliest incident of the riot which occurred when a Buddhist mob attacked and torched the Mingalar Zayone Islamic Boarding School. While outnumbered security forces stood by, rioters armed with machetes, metal pipes, chains, and stones killed 32 teenage students and four teachers. Now, while 2016 would be the “official” start of the genocide we would be remiss if we skipped over the 2015 refugee crisis. In 2015, hundreds of thousands of Rohingyas in Myanmar and Bangladesh fled from religious persecution and continued denial of basic rights in their home countries by means of boat travel, often through previously existing smuggling routes among the Southeast Asian waters. Many Rohingyas fled to Indonesia and Malaysia, which both adopted a stance open to acceptance of the Rohingya refugees still at sea in mid-May. And now we're at the genocide itself, though before we do that, let's take a look at that the US State Department had to say about Myanmar and Rakhine shortly before the shit hit the fan. The situation in Rakhine State is grim, in part due to a mix of long-term historical tensions between the Rakhine and Rohingya communities, socio-political conflict, socio-economic underdevelopment, and a long-standing marginalisation of both Rakhine and Rohingya by the Government of Burma. The World Bank estimates Rakhine State has the highest poverty rate in Burma (78 per cent) and is the poorest state in the country. The lack of investment by the central government has resulted in poor infrastructure and inferior social services, while lack of rule of law has led to inadequate security conditions. Members of the Rohingya community in particular reportedly face abuses by the Government of Burma, including those involving torture, unlawful arrest and detention, restricted movement, restrictions on religious practice, and discrimination in employment and access to social services. In 2012, the intercommunal conflict led to the death of nearly 200 Rohingya and the displacement of 140,000 people. Throughout 2013–2015 isolated incidents of violence against Rohingya individuals continued to take place. In 2016 a Rohingya resistance group known as Harakah al-Yaqin formed and attacked several border police posts leaving 9 officers dead and looting as many munitions as they could. In response to this the government of Myanmar immediately began cracking down on all Rohingya people as quickly and viscously as they could. In the initial operation, dozens of people were killed, and many were arrested. Casualties increased as the crackdown continued. Arbitrary arrest, extrajudicial killings, gang rapes, brutalities against civilians, and looting were carried out. Media reports stated hundreds of Rohingya people had been killed by December 2016, and many had fled Myanmar as refugees to take shelter in the nearby areas of Bangladesh. Those who fled Myanmar to escape persecution reported that women had been gang raped, men were killed, houses were torched, and young children were thrown into burning houses. Boats carrying Rohingya refugees on the Naf River were often gunned down by the Burmese military. In a report published in March 2024, the IIMM stated the military had in a "systematic and coordinated" manner "spread material designed to instil fear and hatred of the Rohingya minority". The report found military was used dozens of seemingly unrelated Facebook pages to spread hate speech against the Rohingya prior before the 2017 Rohingya genocide. This is similar in intent to the use of radio stations to spread constant anti Tutsi propaganda during the Rwandan genocide, though obviously as information technology advances methods get more sophisticated. Though I hesitate to call Facebook sophisticated.. In August 2018, a study estimated that more than 24,000 Rohingya people were killed by the Burmese military and local Buddhists since the "clearance operations" which had started on 25 August 2017. The study also estimated that over 18,000 Rohingya Muslim women and girls were raped, 116,000 Rohingyans were beaten, and 36,000 Rohingyans were thrown into fires. It was also reported that at least 6,700 to 7,000 Rohingya people including 730 children were killed in the first month alone since the crackdown started. In September 2018, the U.N. Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on Myanmar released a report stating that at least 392 Rohingya villages in Rakhine State had been razed to the ground since 25 August 2017. Earlier, Human Rights Watch in December 2017 said it had found that 354 Rohingya villages in Rakhine state were burnt down and destroyed by the Myanmar military. In November 2017, both the UN officials and the Human Rights Watch reported that the Armed Forces of Myanmar had committed widespread gang rapes and other forms of sexual violence against the Rohingya Muslim women and girls for the prior three months. HRW stated that the gang rapes and sexual violence were committed as part of the military's ethnic cleansing campaign while Pramila Patten, the United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary General on Sexual Violence in Conflict, said that the Rohingya women and girls were made the "systematic" target of rapes and sexual violence because of their ethnic identity and religion. In February 2018, it was reported that the Burmese military bulldozed and flattened the burnt Rohingya villages and mass graves in order to destroy the evidence of atrocities committed. These villages were inhabited by the Rohingya people before they were burnt down by the Burmese military during the 2017 crackdown. Since the 25 August incident, Myanmar blocked media access and the visits of international bodies to Rakhine State. Rakhine State has been called an information black hole. According to the Mission report of OHCHR (released on 11 October 2017 by the United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights), the Burmenese military began a "systematic" process of driving hundreds of thousands of Rohingya from Myanmar in early August 2017. The report noted that "prior to the incidents and crackdown of 25 August, a strategy was pursued to": Arrest and arbitrarily detain male Rohingyas between the ages of 15–40 years; Arrest and arbitrarily detain Rohingya opinion-makers, leaders and cultural and religious personalities; Initiate acts to deprive Rohingya villagers of access to food, livelihoods and other means of conducting daily activities and life; Commit repeated acts of humiliation and violence prior to, during and after 25 August, to drive out Rohingya villagers en masse through incitement to hatred, violence, and killings, including by declaring the Rohingyas as Bengalis and illegal settlers in Myanmar; Instill deep and widespread fear and trauma – physical, emotional and psychological, in the Rohingya victims via acts of brutality, namely killings, disappearances, torture, and rape and other forms of sexual violence. In addition to the massive and horrific amounts of violence that are occuring, even now, inside Myanmar there is also the refugee crisis we mentioned earlier. There are over 700,000 Rohingya people who have been displaced from their homes and are living in refugee camps in surrounding countries. Most fled to Bangladesh while others escaped to India, Thailand, Malaysia, and other parts of South and Southeast Asia. On 12 September 2018, the OHCHR Independent Fact-Finding Mission on Myanmar published its report to the United Nations Human Rights Council. Following 875 interviews with victims and eyewitnesses since 2011, it concluded that "the [Burmese] military has consistently failed to respect international human rights law and the international humanitarian law principles of distinction, proportionality and precaution." Even before the most recent incident of mass Rohingya displacement began in 2011, the report found that the restrictions on travel, birth registration, and education resulting from Rohingya statelessness violated the Rohingya people's human rights. During the mass displacement of almost 725,000 Rohingya by August 2018 to neighbouring Bangladesh, as a result of persecution by the Tatmadaw, the report recorded "gross human rights violations and abuses" such as mass rape, murder, torture, and imprisonment. It also accused the Tatmadaw of crimes against humanity, genocide, and ethnic cleansing. The mission report recommended that six Burmese generals in the Tatmadaw stand trial in an international tribune for atrocities committed against the Rohingya. Despite all this the UN refuses to do anything substantive. Instead they are still trying to cooperate with the Tatmadaw and convince them to stop committing genocide. The UN has always been a useless tool of appeasement, Western imperialism, and white supremacy that refuses to hold anyone accountable. Of course, if the UN held genocidal regimes accountable they'd have to arrest the entire permanent Security Council so, the lack of accountability isn't surprising. It's why cops don't arrest other cops. You may have noticed that the dates in this episode stop after 2018, you also might remember that Myanmar has been called an information black hole. The genocide is still ongoing, nothing has gotten better and it's probably gotten worse, but getting verifiable information out of Myanmar is all but impossible at this point. Keep Myanmar in your sight. That's it for this week folks. No new reviews, so let's get right into the outro. Have a Day! w/ The History Wizard is brought to you by me, The History Wizard. If you want to see/hear more of me you can find me on Tiktok @thehistorywizard or on Instagram @the_history_wizard. Please remember to rate, review, and subscribe to Have a Day! On your pod catcher of choice. The more you do, the more people will be able to listen and learn along with you. Thank you  for sticking around until the end and, as always, Have a Day, and Free Rakhine.    

Ex periodiciis hebdomadariis ad 27 V 2024. Translationum COMPLURES a Luis Pesquera SUNT. ‘Novissimum semestris eventum’ ‘haec programma’ ‘est’. Gratias vobis de favore agimus! ‘NUNTII IN LINGUA LATINA’ ‘IN LINGUA LATINA ET ANGLICA’ ‘AUDIS’! DE BELLO ISRAËLIANO-HAMASIANO ANNI DOMINI BIS MILESIMO VICESIMO TERTIO ET QUARTO. ‘GANTZ’ ‘ultimatum’ ‘de consilio bello subsequente’ ‘ad Beniaminus Netanjahu’ ‘DAT’. /// ‘Hibernia, Norvegia et Hispania’ ‘DICUNT’ ‘Civitatem Palestinensem’ ‘AGNITURUM ESSE’ - {De syntaxe: infinitivi orationem secundariam completivam, in accusativo, cum infinitivo ab inteligentiae verbisATTENDE} IN NOVA CALEDONIA. TRANSLATIO a Netzahualcóyotl Lara EST. /// Emmanuel Macron Nuevam Caledoniam visitavit inter tumultus violentae nova lege quae dilatabat ius suffragii civium Galliarum quae in territorio insulae Pacifici vivunt. IN CIVITATIBUS FOEDERATAE AMERICAE. TRANSLATIO proxima ab Israel García Avilés EST. /// Biden dicit rogationem ad iudicium toto orbe actionorum retentionis in minister primum Israeliae Benjamin Netanyauhu, in Superiores Hamas, factionem politicam Palaestinensem ex oppugnationibus Gazae ridiculam et immoderatam esse. /// ‘AMERICA’ ‘milites’ ‘a Nigro’ (Africae civitas) ‘ante quintum decimum diem septembris mensem’ ‘DESCISCET’. IN BRITANNIARUM REGNO. TRANSLATIONES de Britanniarum Regno ab Israel García Avilés SUNT. /// Sub effusa pluviā, Primus Minister Regni Britanniarium, Richi Sunak, ante aedificationem decem Viae Downing, suffragationes convocabat in quattuor diem Julii. /// Dicunt infamiam quam miles homines morti sunt sive contingetur ex sanguine infecta in Regno Brittaniarum potuisse vitatam, eam occultasse Officio Salutis. IN NEDERLANIA. ‘Post sex menses’, ‘Geert WILDERS, extremae dextrae dux’, ‘gubernationem conformare’ ‘POTERIT’. IN IRANIA. TRANSLATIO ab Alissa Sousa EST. /// Dux summus Ali Jamenei quinque dies luctus publicos annuntiavit pro praeside Ebrahim Raisi, qui die dominica anterior in accidente helicopterii periit. Mohammad Mokhber tanquam praesidem interim confirmavit. IN TAIVANIA. TAIWAN ‘Lai Ching-te, praeses novus’, ‘Sinae’ ‘ad minas civiles finiendum’ ‘HORTATUR’. /// ‘In gubernationis primo die’, ‘RECLAMATORES’ ‘contra Taivaniae praesidem’ ‘RECLAMANT’. IN VIETNAMIA. ‘Tom LAM’ ‘Vietnamiae praeses novus’ ‘EST’. ‘‘BELLATOR’ ‘contra corruptionem’ ‘AGNOSCITUR’. IN BANCOCO. ‘Thailandiae Tribunal constitutionalis’ ‘primum ministrum’ ‘si dimittet’‘DECRETURUS EST’ - {De morphologia: orationem periphrasticam activam, ad propositum efficacem significandum ATTENDE} IN AUSTRALIA. ‘Australiae MULIER divitior’ ‘picturam suam’ ‘ab Australiae Pinacotheca Nationali’ ‘removere’ ‘PETIVIT’. ‘HOC’ ‘disputationem de artis censura artistica’ ‘PROVOCAVIT’. IN REPUBLICA CONGENSIS. ‘RES PUBLICA Congensis’ ‘DIXIT’ ‘coniurationem adversus reipublicae’ ‘FRUSTRATUM ESSE’ - {De syntaxe: infinitivi orationem secundariam completivam, in accusativo, cum infinitivo ab inteligentiae verbis ATTENDE} IN AFRICA AUSTRALIS. SOUTH AFRICA. ‘Jacobus ZUMA, Africae Australis anterior praeses,’ ‘ad comitia’ ‘contendere’ ‘PROHIBETUR’. ‘NUNTII IN LINGUA LATINA’ ‘IN LINGUA LATINA ET GALLICA’ ‘AUDIS’! IN SLOVACIA. TRANSLATIO a Fernanda Solías Cámara EST. /// De Violentia in Slovacia. Post necis conatum contra primum ministrum Robert Fico, timent ne non bellum in hoc patria erumpat. IN ISRAELE. ‘Karim KHAN, Tribunalis Poenalis Internationalis accusatr,’ ‘praemandatum’ ‘contra duces principales ex Hamas et Israelis officialibus’ ‘POSTULAT’. IN FRANCIA. ‘Vigiles’ ‘hominem qui synagogram incendit’ ‘NECANT’. /// ‘Marina Le Pen, Aciei Nationalis dux’, NUNTIAVIT’ quod ‘FACTIO sua’ ‘ex Alternativa pro Germania’ ‘SEGREGATURUS EST’. IN CIVITATES FOEDERATAE AMERICAE. ‘BIDEN ET TRUMP’ ‘NUNTIAVERUNT’ quod ‘bis DISPUTABUNT’. ‘Prima disputatio’ ‘in Iunii mense’ et ‘secunda disputatio’ ‘in Septembris mense’ ‘ERIT’. IN AFGANIA. ‘ICTUS terroristicus’ ‘tres Afganiae personas’ et ‘tres Hispaniae personas’ ‘in Bamiyan’ ‘INTERNECAVIT’. IN SINIS. ‘In Pechino, ‘PUTIN’ ‘ad Xi’ ‘corroborare auxilium in industria energetica’ ‘PROMISIT’. IN TSADIA. ‘Tsadiae Constitutuionale CONCILIUM’ ‘imperatorem Mahamat Idriss Déby’ ‘victorem’ ‘in comitiis praesidentialibus’ ‘DECLARAVIT’. ‘NUNTII IN LINGUA LATINA’ ‘IN LINGUA LATINA ET GERMANICA’ ‘AUDIS’! IN UCRÁINA. TRANSLATIO proxima ab Alba Daniela Rodríguez EST. /// Kharkovia, Ucraina. Milites Russici circiter decem milia passuum ab confinio Ucrainae ad Kharkoviam progressi sunt, tres primae lineas defensivas urbis septentrionalis-orientalis attingentes, ubi ultima hebdomade sistati sunt. IN GERMANIA. ‘Tres extremae dextrae CONIURATORES’, qui ‘CONIURAVERUNT’ ‘contra Germaniae regimen’, ‘IUDICABUNT’. IN POLONIA. TRANSLATIO proxima a Valentina Suárez EST. /// Novem homines comprehensi sunt ex hypothesi servitum explorationis russicum adiuvando ad designandum occulta eversio. IN GEORGIA. ‘Georgiae PRAESES’ ‘legem contra operatores extraneos’ ‘VETAT’. ‘EA’, ‘dicens quod legem pro Russia EST’, ‘decisionem’ ‘IUSTIFICAVIT’. IN HAITIA. ‘Ob discrimen’, ‘circa centum quinquaginta mille PERSONAE’ ‘in clandestinis habitationibus’ ‘in montis latere ‘VIVUNT’. ‘NUNTII IN LINGUA LATINA’ ‘IN LINGUA LATINA ET HISPANICA’ ‘AUDIS’! IN MEXICO. TRANSLATIONES de Mexici nuntiis a Casandra Freire SUNT. /// In expeditionibus comitialibus neces: comitia ante diem quartum nonas iunii spectatur se semper in Mexico fore cruentissima, saltem viginti quattuor candidatorum et plus quam centum operarum et voluntariorum expeditionis interempti sunt usque ad tempus horum comitiorum. /// Novem homines scaena lapsa in collecta politica in Mexico septentrionali mortui sunt. IN BRASILIA. In quattuor hebdomadibus, ‘INUNDATIONES’ ‘circa centum quinquaginta quinque personas’ ‘NECAVERUNT’ et ‘circa quingentas quadraginta mile personas’ ‘ab habitationibus suis’ ‘EXPULERUNT’. IN ARGENTINA ET HISPANIA. ‘MATRITUM’ ‘paenitentiam’ ‘ex Milei’ ‘de corruptionis declarationibus in Hispania’ ‘EXIGIT’. IN IAPONIA. TRANSLATIONES et nuntiorum selectio a his nuntiis ex Juan Carlos Luna SUNT. /// Nishikori regressi teniludii certamen quattuor horis et viginti duo minutis minuta ‘in pugna usque ad mortem’ fuit. /// Typhoon marinus, nominatus numerus unus, ad septentrionem movetur et ‘periculum’ ‘pluviis magnis’ ‘augmentat’. In summo conventu Iaponia-Sinae, Sinae non consensit ut ereptio conchylii levaret. /// Insequente semenstri vobiscum futurum esse desideramus. Si Nuntii in Lingua Latina traductor esse VOLUERIS, quaeso litteram electronicam ad lpesquera@up.edu.mx MITTAS’. If you would like to collaborate as a translator in Nuntii in Lingua Latina, please send an email to lpesquera@up.edu.mx

Nabil Kazi has traveled to 129 countries   Hey now, I am your host, Ric Gazarian. I am excited to share my conversation with Nabil Kazi.  I connected with Nabil Kazi back in 2021 when he suggested a guest (Nick Butter - episode 95) for Counting Countries.  I guess everything comes full circle as Nabil is a guest on this episode. Nabil and I have been in contact ever since and even connected in person for dinner in Bangkok at my favorite Mexican restaurant, Charlie Browns.  Nabil has had two distinct chapters in his adult life.  Chapter One, an executive in the land of Hollywood and Chapter Two, as a full time traveler.  Maybe we can get some behind-the-scenes Hollywood insights.   Some of you might have heard the tragic news from Bamiyan in Afghanistan.  Nabil and I touch on this but while editing there are some greater details.  Apparently, a tour provider from our 193 community brought a group to Afghanistan.  Three Spaniard travelers and three Afghan locals were shot and killed.  In additional six travelers and Afghans were also injured.  Just a reminder when you ask in a conversation or online, “is it safe?” and many people respond, “I just went it is very safe, just go!”.  Remember it was very safe for that traveler, on that specific day, time, and location.  This is a country of 40 million and 250,000 square miles.  That traveler is not a security expert on Afghanistan.   If you are a listener, you have heard this before … the next Extraordinary Travel Festival will be held on November 15, 2024 in Bangkok.  Discount code BANGKOK of $100, so please purchase your ticket today to lock in your savings at the . Just a reminder for those who are coming or thinking of coming that we will be hosting the NomadMania Awards live in Bangkok on Sunday evening.  This is the great event that NM has been streaming on YouTube for the last several years.  This is a great opportunity to get together and recognize some travelers who are making a difference.  Don't forget, Sunday evening, November 17 this year.   I would like to thank everyone for their support of Counting Countries, especially my Patrons: Adam Hickman, Barry Hoffner, Bisa Myles, Ted Nims, Simen Flotvik Mathisen, Ed Hotchkiss, Steph Rowe, Lori Pastorelli, Gin, Philippe Izedian, Sunir Joshi, Jorge Serpa, Justine Kirby, Phil “Marmaduke” Marcus, Sonia Zimmermann, Katelyn Jarvis, Carole Southam, Per Flisberg, and Sam Williams for supporting this podcast.  You can support this podcast by going to .  My patrons will hear extra content with Wee Cheng that you will not hear.   And remember, we have a new feature on Counting Countries.  The idea is to celebrate wins in the 193 community and involve more people.  The inspiration came from my friends at Club 100 from Sweden.  They have been recognizing milestones on their great IG account - .  So make sure you follow along.  Today, we will get updates from Ted Nims, Justine “off the beaten path” Kirby, Raiiq Ridwan (former guest and ETF speaker).  You will hear their updates throughout the podcast.  Let's listen to one now.     I will be asking for travelers to submit audio files to recognize travel accomplishments.  To learn more follow the Counting Countries on and accounts and I will be making future call to actions.  Here are a couple of milestones to recognize now.  And take a look at Nabil's page on GlobalGaz.com Counting Countries page.  I share his Pakistani passport from when he was a small kid.     I was in Boston for this recording while Nabil was in Cali. Please listen in and enjoy.    Thank you to my - you rock!!  ….  Adam Hickman, Barry Hoffner, Bisa Myles, Ted Nims, Simen Flotvik Mathisen, Ed Hotchkiss, Steph Rowe, Lori Pastorelli, Gintaute Liutkeviciute, Philippe Izedian, Sunir Joshi, Jorge Serpa, Justine Kirby, Phil “Marmaduke” Marcus, Sonia Zimmermann, Katelyn Jarvis, Carole Southam, Per Flisberg, Dale Wursten, and Sam Williams.        And now you can listen to ! And Alexa!   And write a review! About Nabil Kazi Counting Countries 1.  129 countries (not including Kosovo, Vatican, Palestine and Taiwan) 2.  I was born in Kuwait City, Kuwait 3. I hold a USA Passport 4. Favorite Travel Book is The Alchemist by Paulo Coelho 5. Favorite Travel Film is Eat Pray Love 6. Must Carry Item when Traveling AirPods and Canon Camera 7. Favorite Food is Lebanese 8 Favorite Drink is hot latte with oak milk  9. Favorite Airline is Emirates 10. Favorite Hotel is Aman Resorts 11. Instagram handle is About Counting Countries Counting Countries is the only podcast to bring you the stories from the dedicated few who've spent their lives on the singular quest of traveling to every country in the world. Less people have traveled to every country in the world than have been to outer space. Theme music for this podcast is Demeter's Dance, written, performed, and provided by .  About GlobalGaz Ric Gazarian is the host of Counting Countries. He is the author of three books: , , and .  He is the producer of two travel documentaries: and .   Ric is also on his own quest to visit every country in the world. You can see where he has and keep up with his journey at How Many Countries Are There? Well… that depends on who you ask!  The United Nations states that there are . The British Foreign and Commonwealth office states that there are . The Traveler's Century Club states that there are . The Nomad Mania The Most Traveled Person states that there are 1500 . SISO says there are .     Me? My goal is the 193 countries that are recognized by the UN, but I am sure I will visit some other places along the way. Disclaimer: There are affiliates in this post. Nabil Kazi Counting Countries 

In dieser Folge entdecken wir das Bamiyan-Tal in Afghanistan, gelegen in der zentralasiatischen Region Hazarajat.

Informativo de primera hora de la mañana, en el programa El Remate de La Diez Capital Radio. Llega un fin de semana pasado por agua: se esperan lluvias persistentes en las islas. Canarias espera este viernes un episodio de lluvias generalizadas. Hoy se cumplen, 2 años y 6 días; total 735 días del cruel ataque e invasión de Rusia a Ucrania. Hoy es Viernes 1 de marzo de 2024. Buenos días Ucrania, Gaza e Israel. Día de la Cero Discriminación. El 1 de marzo se celebra el Día de la Cero Discriminación, con el objetivo de plantarle cara a la discriminación sea cual sea. Todas las personas tienen talentos únicos, que pueden ayudar y fortalecer las metas de sus países. No importa lo diferentes que parezcan o sus gustos y preferencias. Todos los seres humanos gozamos de los mismos derechos. Eso lo establece la Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos y nadie tiene la potestad de arrebatarle esos derechos a otros individuos, mucho menos por su raza, género, preferencia sexual, creencias religiosas o limitación cognitiva. 1493.- La carabela "La Pinta", uno de los tres navíos de la expedición de Cristóbal Colón, atraca en el puerto español de Bayona (Pontevedra) con el anuncio del descubrimiento de América. 1712.- La Biblioteca Nacional, depósito del patrimonio bibliográfico español, entonces llamada Real Biblioteca Pública, abre sus puertas, bajo el reinado de Felipe V. 1893.- El Instituto Nacional de Meteorología elabora el primer "mapa del tiempo" español y los correspondientes boletines diarios. 1954.- EEUU hace estallar en el atalón Bikini (Islas Marshall) la bomba atómica de hidrógeno, la más poderosa detonada de la historia, con una potencia mil veces superior a la que explotó en Hiroshima. 1979.- La Unión de Centro Democrático (UCD) de Adolfo Suárez gana las primeras elecciones legislativas celebradas en España tras la promulgación de la Constitución. 1999.- Entra en vigor el Tratado de Ottawa sobre la prohibición del empleo, almacenamiento, producción y transferencia de minas antipersonas. 2001.- El régimen integrista de los talibán, en el poder en Kabul, comienzan a destruir todas las estatuas existentes en Afganistán, incluidas los milenarios Budas preislámicos de la provincia de Bamiyan. 2016.- Sale de prisión el dirigente de la izquierda abertzale Arnaldo Otegi, condenado por reconstruir el brazo político de ETA (caso Bateragunea). Patrocinio del santo de cada día por gentileza de la Casa de las Imágenes, en la calle Obispo Perez Cáceres, 17 en Candelaria. Santoral del 1 de marzo: santos León, Donato, Albino y Rosendo. Israel dispara contra los palestinos que hacen cola para conseguir ayuda en Gaza: más de 100 muertos. Putin en su discurso a la Nación: "Tenemos armas para golpear a los países occidentales". El Parlamento Europeo acuerda una resolución contra la opresión política en Rusia. El euríbor sube por primera vez en tres meses y cierra febrero en el 3,67%. El Tribunal Supremo abre causa penal a Puigdemont por delitos de terrorismo en el caso 'Tsunami Democràtic'. El juez señala a Ábalos como "intermediario" del 'caso Koldo' ante la reclamación de Baleares a la empresa de la trama. Torres niega que Ábalos o Koldo le recomendaran la empresa vinculada a la trama de las mascarillas. El Gobierno autonómico de Canarias, durante la presidencia de Ángel Víctor Torres, contrató material sanitario con la empresa investigada en el 'caso Koldo'. Canarias recurrirá al Constitucional para defender las competencias de Costas. Dimite la directora general de Protección a la Infancia tras una condena por prevaricación. La dimisión de Sandra Rodríguez se produce a raíz de que el Juzgado de Primera Instancia e Instrucción número 2 de Puerto de la Cruz le haya condenado a nueve años de inhabilitación para el ejercicio de empleo o cargo público por un delito de prevaricación administrativa. Enrique Arriaga dimite de sus cargos y abandona Ciudadanos. En las últimas elecciones Arriaga fue el cabeza de lista de Ciudadanos tanto al Cabildo de Tenerife como al Ayuntamiento de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, instituciones en las que no se obtuvo representación y en las que había cogobernado en el pasado mandato junto al PSOE. Un día como hoy pero en 1994 nace Justin Bieber, cantante canadiense.

Programa de actualidad con información, formación y entretenimiento conectando directamente con los oyentes en La Diez Capital radio. Dirigido y presentado por Miguel Ángel González Suárez. www.ladiez.es - Informativo de primera hora de la mañana, en el programa El Remate de La Diez Capital Radio. Llega un fin de semana pasado por agua: se esperan lluvias persistentes en las islas. Canarias espera este viernes un episodio de lluvias generalizadas. Hoy se cumplen, 2 años y 6 días; total 735 días del cruel ataque e invasión de Rusia a Ucrania. Hoy es Viernes 1 de marzo de 2024. Buenos días Ucrania, Gaza e Israel. Día de la Cero Discriminación. El 1 de marzo se celebra el Día de la Cero Discriminación, con el objetivo de plantarle cara a la discriminación sea cual sea. Todas las personas tienen talentos únicos, que pueden ayudar y fortalecer las metas de sus países. No importa lo diferentes que parezcan o sus gustos y preferencias. Todos los seres humanos gozamos de los mismos derechos. Eso lo establece la Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos y nadie tiene la potestad de arrebatarle esos derechos a otros individuos, mucho menos por su raza, género, preferencia sexual, creencias religiosas o limitación cognitiva. 1493.- La carabela "La Pinta", uno de los tres navíos de la expedición de Cristóbal Colón, atraca en el puerto español de Bayona (Pontevedra) con el anuncio del descubrimiento de América. 1712.- La Biblioteca Nacional, depósito del patrimonio bibliográfico español, entonces llamada Real Biblioteca Pública, abre sus puertas, bajo el reinado de Felipe V. 1893.- El Instituto Nacional de Meteorología elabora el primer "mapa del tiempo" español y los correspondientes boletines diarios. 1954.- EEUU hace estallar en el atalón Bikini (Islas Marshall) la bomba atómica de hidrógeno, la más poderosa detonada de la historia, con una potencia mil veces superior a la que explotó en Hiroshima. 1979.- La Unión de Centro Democrático (UCD) de Adolfo Suárez gana las primeras elecciones legislativas celebradas en España tras la promulgación de la Constitución. 1999.- Entra en vigor el Tratado de Ottawa sobre la prohibición del empleo, almacenamiento, producción y transferencia de minas antipersonas. 2001.- El régimen integrista de los talibán, en el poder en Kabul, comienzan a destruir todas las estatuas existentes en Afganistán, incluidas los milenarios Budas preislámicos de la provincia de Bamiyan. 2016.- Sale de prisión el dirigente de la izquierda abertzale Arnaldo Otegi, condenado por reconstruir el brazo político de ETA (caso Bateragunea). Patrocinio del santo de cada día por gentileza de la Casa de las Imágenes, en la calle Obispo Perez Cáceres, 17 en Candelaria. Santoral del 1 de marzo: santos León, Donato, Albino y Rosendo. Israel dispara contra los palestinos que hacen cola para conseguir ayuda en Gaza: más de 100 muertos. Putin en su discurso a la Nación: "Tenemos armas para golpear a los países occidentales". El Parlamento Europeo acuerda una resolución contra la opresión política en Rusia. El euríbor sube por primera vez en tres meses y cierra febrero en el 3,67%. El Tribunal Supremo abre causa penal a Puigdemont por delitos de terrorismo en el caso 'Tsunami Democràtic'. El juez señala a Ábalos como "intermediario" del 'caso Koldo' ante la reclamación de Baleares a la empresa de la trama. Torres niega que Ábalos o Koldo le recomendaran la empresa vinculada a la trama de las mascarillas. El Gobierno autonómico de Canarias, durante la presidencia de Ángel Víctor Torres, contrató material sanitario con la empresa investigada en el 'caso Koldo'. Canarias recurrirá al Constitucional para defender las competencias de Costas. Dimite la directora general de Protección a la Infancia tras una condena por prevaricación. La dimisión de Sandra Rodríguez se produce a raíz de que el Juzgado de Primera Instancia e Instrucción número 2 de Puerto de la Cruz le haya condenado a nueve años de inhabilitación para el ejercicio de empleo o cargo público por un delito de prevaricación administrativa. Enrique Arriaga dimite de sus cargos y abandona Ciudadanos. En las últimas elecciones Arriaga fue el cabeza de lista de Ciudadanos tanto al Cabildo de Tenerife como al Ayuntamiento de Santa Cruz de Tenerife, instituciones en las que no se obtuvo representación y en las que había cogobernado en el pasado mandato junto al PSOE. Un día como hoy pero en 1994 nace Justin Bieber, cantante canadiense. - Sección de actualidad con mucho sentido de Humor inteligente en el programa El Remate de La Diez Capital radio con el periodista socarrón y palmero, José Juan Pérez Capote, El Nº 1. - Sección en el programa El Remate de La Diez Capital radio con el Director de Capital Radio Gran Canaria, Pepe Rodríguez. - Entrevista en el programa el Remate de La Diez Capital radio a la alcaldesa de Arona, Fátima Lemes Reverón. Tratamos el Puerto de los Cristianos, el Hospital del Sur y la problemática de la vivienda en el municipio. - Sección en el programa El Remate de La Diez Capital radio con la periodista y corresponsal de la Televisión Brasileña en España, Cleo Costa. Hoy desde la Feria de Turismo de Lisboa en Portugal.

Immersive Kunstausstellungen boomen. Statt in Museen Originale zu bestaunen, taucht das Publikum ein in einen digitalen Bilderrausch. Gemälde berühmter Kunstschaffender wie Vincent van Gogh, Gustav Klimt, Frida Kahlo oder Claude Monet werden durch Projektionen neu erlebbar. Kunst als Event. In der Ausstellung «Imagine Picasso» in der Zürcher Lichthalle Maag kann man in über 200 Werke Picassos eintauchen. Für die Besucherinnen ein berauschendes, geniales Spektakel, für den Produzenten von Immersive Art Ltd Darko Soolfrank ein zeitgemässes, perfekt «instagrammables» Kunsterlebnis, das alle Sinne anspricht. Der Kunsthistoriker Christian Saehrendt hingegen hält solche Ausstellungen nicht für Kunst, sondern für eine gehobene Art von Raumdekoration und für ein kunsthistorisch angehauchtes Entertainment: «Immersive Art vergleiche ich mit einem Stück Kuchen, das ist die Kunst, die absäuft unter zu viel Zuckerguss». «Kulturplatz» hat mit ihm die Picasso-Ausstellung besucht und sich beim Publikum umgehört. Anders in der Ausstellung «Immersion – Die Ursprünge» im Musée cantonal des Beaux-Arts in Lausanne. Hier wird das Publikum gar Teil des Kunstwerks. Vierzehn immersive Kunstwerke, die in den 1960er-Jahren eigens für die Immersion konzipiert wurden, hat das Ausstellungsteam in Lausanne wieder aufgebaut. Baden im Federmeer oder in einer Styroporkügelchen-Mondlandschaft. Trampolinhüpfen mit Luftballons oder auch Probeliegen in rosa Polstern. Die Ausstellung in Lausanne VD ist ein grosser Publikumsmagnet und übertrifft diesbezüglich alle Erwartungen. Wenn es in der Schweiz eine Person gibt, der die Immersion auf den Leib geschrieben ist, dann ist es Sarah Kenderdine. Sie operiert vom EPFL in Lausanne aus und hat ein eigenes LAB, das sich vor allem mit dem Museum der Zukunft beschäftigt, sei es immersiv, augmented oder ganz virtuell. Sie ist momentan dabei, mehrere Projekte zu realisieren, unter anderem das Panorama der Schlacht von Murten in ein virtuelles Erlebnis umzuwandeln. Oder eine der ersten Weltausstellungen in Paris von 1867 durch stereoskopische Bilder wiederauferstehen zu lassen. Sie hat in früheren Werken auch die zerstörten Buddhas von Bamiyan rekonstruiert oder die Stätte von Palmyra in Syrien im Museum wiederauferstehen lassen. Auch hat sie die Montreux-Jazzfestival-Collection in eine erlebbare interaktive Anwendung umgewandelt. Eintauchen – oder vielmehr abtauchen – in die Kunst, das ist auch in Brüssel möglich. Brüssel gilt als Comic-Hauptstadt der Welt, so ist klar, dass es diese Ausstellung nur hier geben kann: Im Schwimmbad «Nemo 33» können Fans brandneue Comics unter Wasser anschauen. Kunst-Interessierte können mit Taucherbrille, Flossen und Sauerstoff-Flasche abtauchen.

durée : 00:04:07 - Le monde d'après - par : Jean Marc FOUR - Plus de vingt ans après avoir dynamité les bouddhas de Bamiyan, les talibans veulent aujourd'hui faire du site un produit d'appel pour le retour des touristes en Afghanistan

durée : 00:04:07 - Le monde d'après - par : Jean Marc FOUR - Plus de vingt ans après avoir dynamité les bouddhas de Bamiyan, les talibans veulent aujourd'hui faire du site un produit d'appel pour le retour des touristes en Afghanistan

With Bamiyan being one of the provinces picked by the Afghan Government for transition to their control, we ask the provincial governor, local police, coalition forces and the people who live there – is Bamiyan ready? Also available in high definition

A profile of Afghanistan's first female governor, Dr Habiba Sarabi. Since 2005, Bamiyan's Provincial Governor has been key in developing the formerly poverty-stricken province, even though her pioneering role also brings with it risk. This video available in high definition. Produced by Ruth Owen

Package about how 40 Malaysian soldiers in Bamiyan province are helping local doctors and nurses train to bring better healthcare to the province, including their in-demand dentures. This version includes voiceover and graphics. Also available in high definition.

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Fra tutti i popoli dell'Afghanistan, gli Hazara sono ancora oggi quelli più perseguitati dal regime talebano, tanto che possiamo leggere quotidianamente di attentati nei loro confronti; tali violenze, purtroppo, hanno una storia lunga iniziata a fine ‘800Trovate tutti i link qui: https://linktr.ee/mediorientedintorni, ma, andando un po' nel dettaglio: -tutti gli aggiornamenti sulla pagina instagram @medioorienteedintorni -per articoli visitate il sito https://mediorientedintorni.com/ trovate anche la "versione articolo" di questo video. - podcast su tutte le principali piattaforme in Italia e del mondo-Vuoi tutte le uscite in tempo reale? Iscriviti al gruppo Telegram: https://t.me/mediorientedintorniOgni like, condivisione o supporto è ben accetto e mi aiuta a dedicarmi sempre di più alla mia passione: raccontare il Medio Oriente

The Kiwi soldier killed in Ukraine has been described by a fellow soldier as "strong, hardcore and handsome" - but "anything but scenery". The Herald understands the fallen soldier is Dominic Abelen, who was based at Burnham Military Camp in Christchurch with the Royal NZ Infantry Regiment's 2/1 Battalion. Abelen, who was on a period of leave without pay at the time, was not on active duty with the NZDF."At this early stage, there is still more information to be gathered in order to understand the circumstances fully," the New Zealand Defence Force said in a statement. "The New Zealand Army will work closely with the family of the soldier to offer support at this deeply sad time." One former NZDF soldier fighting with Ukraine's International Legion has paid tribute to the fallen comrade. "The bro was anything but scenery. Strong, hardcore, handsome but extremely humble," he wrote online. Best believe he died doing what he loved and was extremely good at. "We will miss you brother. So much. You have left a hole that we are feeling and we could never hope to ever fill." The soldier's family, when approached by the Herald last night, declined to comment. Private Dominic Abelen kneels behind a barricade while engaging targets at Range 218, Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton CA United States 2013 during Dawn Blitz. Photo / Cpl. Joseph Scanlan Defence Minister Peeni Henare expressed his condolences to the family, friends and colleagues of the Kiwi soldier. "I have been advised the New Zealand Army are supporting the soldier's family through this difficult time," he said. The Herald understands relevant ministers have been briefed but details were scant. Former New Zealand Defence force commanding officer Tenby Powell, who is in Ukraine undertaking humanitarian work, said he had been asked by the family of the dead soldier to bring him back to New Zealand. While he was not willing to go into details about the circumstances of the soldier's death he told Today FM the family were distraught. "It's a very sad day here in Ukraine, not just for New Zealanders but for everyone." He said he had been asked to bring him home and he felt honoured to do that, breaking down in tears midway through his sentence. "I've talked to a family member they have asked me and I have agreed to go and get him. We need to do this in a very respectful and expedient manner. I have given the family my assurances that he will be well looked after all the way back. "The critically-important thing is to ensure that he is recovered and brought back in a way where he is looked after for the entire trip back to New Zealand." He intended to drape the coffin in a New Zealand flag for the trip home and make sure the soldier had all the care a person serving in the defence force warranted. The soldier would be taken initially through Warsaw, then Ukraine and back to New Zealand. "We are determined to bring him out. He will come out and he will be looked after all the way." Tough month August is always a tough month for many serving and former members of the Defence Force. The "Battle of Baghak", a Taliban ambush near Dahane Baghak in the Shikari Valley of Bamyan Province on August 4, 2012, was New Zealand's bloodiest battle since Vietnam. Lance Corporals Rory Patrick Malone and Pralli Durrer, both aged 26, were killed in the fierce shoot-out north of their Kiwi base, while six comrades were wounded. Two weeks later, on August 19, 2012, Crib 20 deployment comrades Corporal Luke Tamatea, 31, Lance Corporal Jacinda Baker, 26, and Private Richard Harris, 21, died when their Humvee hit a 20kg roadside improvised explosive device. Lieutenant Tim O'Donnell was first of 10 Kiwis killed in Afghanistan, when on August 3, 2010, while serving as part of New Zealand's provincial reconstruction team in Bamiyan province in Afghanistan, he was killed in an attack. SAS soldier corporal Douglas "Duggy" Grant died in a firefight with Taliban insurgents as he tried to rescue civilians following an attack on the British Council building in Kabul on August 19, 2011. The war in Ukraine has raged for six months since Russia invaded the Eastern European country. Most of the Russian and Ukrainian forces are conсentrated in the Donbas, the industrial region of mines and factories in the nation's east. Ukraine has vowed to drive the Russians from the territory they have seized since the start of the invasion. According to Ukraine's honorary consul in Auckland, more than 500 Kiwis had volunteered to fight in Ukraine despite official warnings not to join the war. It's believed about 20 Kiwis had remained in Ukraine after Foreign Affairs Minister Nanaia Mahuta's warning in February to "leave immediately". Kiwi doctor Jenny Beesley, who the Herald interviewed in the war-torn country's capital Kyiv, was one who joined the war effort. The 39-year-old had trained as a fighter jet pilot with the Royal Air Force and joined the Number One International Company, a combat unit bringing together international volunteers and Ukrainians. She spoke of her deployment to the Donbas region, firefights with Russian troops and coming under attack from enemy tanks and helicopters. Earlier this month, Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern announced a further 120 NZDF personnel would be deployed to the United Kingdom to help train Ukraine soldiers to fight against Russian forces. It adds to the 30 personnel sent over in May to train Ukrainian military personnel in operating artillery and the more than $40 million provided in financial support. "New Zealand has been clear that we will continue to answer the call of Ukraine for practical support as they defend their homeland and people against Russia's unjustified invasion," Ardern said. Two NZDF infantry training teams will teach Ukrainian personnel frontline combat, including weapon handling, combat first aid, operational law and other skills. Henare said at the time of the announcement that no active NZDF member would enter Ukraine. Across February and March, after the war began, the NZ Government announced several million dollars would be provided to the United Nations' Ukraine Humanitarian Fund and the UN Refugee Agency. Ukrainian soldiers ride a tank through the town of Trostsyanets in Ukraine. Photo / AP Later in March, $5m of non-lethal military assistance was sent to Ukrainian forces, which consisted of body armour plates, helmets and camouflage vests/harness webbing. In April, the Government deployed a Royal New Zealand Air Force C-130H Hercules transport aircraft and 50 support personnel to Europe for two months, along with another $13m of military, humanitarian and legal support. A separate eight-person NZDF team of logistic specialists were also sent over to support the international donor coordination centre in Germany with the flow of aid and supplies to Ukraine. In May, up to 30 NZDF personnel were deployed to the United Kingdom to help train Ukrainian military personnel in operating light artillery. In June, another $4.5m was allocated to provide additional non-lethal equipment and supplies such as medical kits for the Ukrainian Army. - Kurt Bayer, NZ HeraldSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Giorgio Enrico Bena"Sulle ossa del mondo"Neos Edizionihttp://www.neosedizioni.it/"Sulle ossa del mondo"A cura di Giorgio Enrico BenaRacconti di: Donatella Actis, Franco Ballatore, Ludovico De Maistre, Paolo Calvino, Paolo Camera, Pierangelo Chiolero, Emilia Coppola, Fernanda De Giorgi, Giorgio Enrico Bena, Maddalena Fortunati, Guido Montanari, Giampiero Pani, Vincenzo Perri, Laura Remondino, Franca Rizzi Martini, Caterina Schiavon, Raffaele Tomasulo, Teodora Trevisan, Maria Vassallo.Fotografie di: Vittorio Sella, Ada Brunazzi, Luca Cagnasso, Chiara Enrico Bena, Silvia Maria Ramasso.Sulla Terra è disteso uno scheletro di pietra; si erge con potenza dalle pianure, come un fossile antico affiora dalla distesa del mare o delle foreste che lo ricoprono. Lungo i suoi fianchi rocciosi, l'umanità da sempre – per imprese ardimentose o per una stentata sussistenza – si confronta con una natura dura e maestosa che ispira meraviglia e sacralità e al tempo stesso sfida.Dalle valli dell'arco alpino ai monti siciliani e calabresi, dall'Everest all'Ecuador e all'Afghanistan fino al sentiero degli Incas, ai monti della Cina e ai Virunga ugandesi, queste pagine ci offrono un avvincente viaggio “in quota”, ricco di storie, di personaggi e di situazioni. Un catalogo vario e a volte bizzarro di viaggiatori e viaggiatrici si inoltra fra le valli, s'inerpica sulle cime, segue percorsi di memoria, di scoperta, di avventura, incontra paesaggi indimenticabili, antiche civiltà, comunità singolari e anche la follia dell'uomo.A regalare ulteriore suggestione, ai diciannove racconti dell'antologia si alternano quattro portfolio fotografici.Introducono il libro, le splendide immagini storiche realizzate da Vittorio Sella a cavallo fra '800 e '900, gentilmente concesse dalla Fondazione Sella.Le montagne raccontate nel libro: Salar de Uyuni, Ande boliviane; Alpi Cozie, Piemonte; Bamiyan, Hindukush afghano; Monti Sicani, Sicilia; Tepui Roraima, Venezuela; Valli di Lanzo, Piemonte; Retempio, Valle d'Aosta; Valle di Susa, Piemonte; Rorà, Val Pellice, Piemonte; Everest, Tibet; Himalaya, Buthan; Monte Heng, Monti Sacri, Cina; Gorges du Verdon, Francia; Dolomiti; Majella, Abruzzo; Sila, Calabria; Virunga, Uganda; Cuzco, Perù; Taita Imbabura, Ecuador; Durmitor, Montenegro.Giorgio Enrico Bena nasce nel 1957 a Torino dove vive e lavora in ambito scientifico. Fin dagli anni Ottanta siinteressa a tutto ciò che riguarda il fumetto, l'illustrazione e le avanguardie artistiche del ‘900, colleziona ingombranti volumi nelle lingue più disparate e disegna. Passioni. Come quelle per il viaggio e per la fotografia naturalistica.Ha al suo attivo numerose esposizioni di disegno e fotografia. Fra queste, una collettiva del 2009 sulla caduta del muro di Berlino con artisti italiani e tedeschi, di cui è stato il curatore, e una personale di fotografia nel 2007 a Millicent (Australia).IL POSTO DELLE PAROLEascoltare fa pensarehttps://ilpostodelleparole.it/

Pendant les 20 ans de l'occupation américaine en Afghanistan, les Hazaras, chiites dans un pays sunnite, étaient parvenus à s'extraire un tant soit peu du schéma de discrimination culturelle et sociale qui les vise depuis des années. Mais le retour des talibans au pouvoir au mois d'août a fait l'effet d'une gifle. Et pour cette minorité ethnique et religieuse, la peur d'un retour des persécutions est sur toutes les lèvres. En apparence, Bamiyan, la capitale des Hazaras, s'acclimate au retour des talibans. Le centre-ville a retrouvé un semblant de normalité, une bonne partie des commerces sont ouverts et les patrouilles de la police talibane sont accueillies avec indifférence. Mais lorsque l'on soulève le voile de résignation qui est tombé sur la région, l'évidence s'impose. Les notables et tous ceux qui en avaient les moyens sont partis le plus vite possible, raconte cette jeune femme sous couvert d'anonymat : « Les réalisateurs, les journalistes, les travailleurs sociaux, les universitaires, tous ceux qui avaient ce genre d'activité ont quitté le pays. Et quand on leur demande pourquoi ils sont partis à l'étranger, ils disent qu'ils se sentaient en danger. On a souffert comme des dingues. Quand on a su que talibans allaient reprendre la région, toute la jeunesse s'est cachée quelque part dans Bamiyan ou bien, ils ont fait comme moi : ils sont partis vers Kaboul, parce qu'on était sûrs qu'ils allaient nous torturer, parce qu'on ne voulait pas que les persécutions reprennent. Et on a toujours cette angoisse viscérale qu'ils s'en prennent à nous du jour au lendemain. » Un peuple marginalisé Par le passé, les Hazaras, et en particulier les communautés chiites, ont été des cibles constantes. Dès la fin du XIXe siècle et tout au long de l'histoire récente, ils ont été marginalisés, mis au ban de la société, réduits en esclavage, privés de leurs terres, jusqu'aux massacres de masse commis pendant le premier règne des talibans qui ont assiégé le Hazarajat en 1998. « Ils ne nous voient pas comme des musulmans. Ils pensent que l'amour que nous portons à la famille d'Ali n'est pas justifiée, mais c'est faux, nous croyons en Allah, plaide ce religieux. Ensuite, c'est juste une affaire de messager, c'est la connexion à Dieu qui n'est pas la même, d'une certaine manière. Ça ne change rien sur le fond. » Aujourd'hui, en pleine quête de respectabilité internationale, les talibans promettent qu'ils ont changé et que les minorités ne seront pas inquiétées. « Comment les croire ? » se demande Mohammad Reza Ibrahim, le vice-recteur de l'Université de Bamiyan : « Vous savez, même sous le gouvernement précédent, durant les 20 ans qui viennent de passer, les discriminations institutionnelles étaient toujours en place. Et de toute façon, l'histoire des Hazaras a fait de nous un peuple particulièrement vulnérable. Nous sommes des montagnards, nous vivons en altitude, dans le froid, sans ressources agricoles, sans industries, sans accès aux ressources économiques, nous sommes dépourvus de tout. Et si le groupe État islamique renaît ici, si Al Qaïda revient, ils vont s'en prendre à nous. Parce que nous sommes des cibles faciles pour n'importe quel groupe terroriste qui veut asseoir son pouvoir. Quatre-vingt-dix-neuf pour cent des attentats qui ont eu lieu en Afghanistan depuis le mois d'août visaient les communautés ou les régions hazaras. » « Notre avenir, dit-il, incertain dans le meilleur des cas, ou tragique si les choses tournent mal. Mais quelle est la voie de sortie ? » ► À écouter aussi : Afghanistan: il y a 20 ans, la destruction des Bouddhas de Bamiyan

In 2011, the rugged mountains of Bamiyan province in central Afghanistan became the backdrop of something as unlikely as it was uplifting - an international ski scene. As Bamiyan was then relatively safe for tourists, a new travel agency, supported by a development NGO, started offering holidays to skiers seeking a unique adventure. A ski school was also set up for local villagers keen to learn, including Alishah Farhang, who went on to become one of Afghanistan's top skiers. However, as he tells Viv Jones, his hopes of competing in the Winter Olympics have been shattered by the return of the Taliban. PHOTO: Competitors take part in the start of the fourth Afghan Ski Challenge in February 2014 (Shefayee/AFP/Getty Images).

Photo: Afghanistan, Bamiyan, Sixteen Weeks after the Tragedy: #ClassicLongWarJournal.   @BillRoggio and @ThomasJoscelyn #UNBOUND the complete, twenty-minute interview, December 6, 2021. @LongWarJournal.  @Batchelorshow

Científicos japoneses combinan tecnologías digitales y técnicas artísticas tradicionales para clonar obras de arte. Así se pueden reconstruir obras robadas o destruidas. ¿Podrían ayudar a preservar el acervo cultural?

Show Notes This week, Nina and Thom are joined by new guest Tatiana - a filmmaker, professional editor, and sometime animator to discuss technical aspects of filmmaking in Char's Counterattack, how the movie holds up today, what the movie tells us about it's intended audience (and how audiences unfamiliar with Gundam might react to it) and what Tomino and company might have done differently. Plus Thom's research reveals one way in which Char's Counterattack turned out to be unrealistically optimistic, and Nina digs into the real science and technology that might have inspired the movie's psycoframe. The Bamiyan Statues: A survey of giant Buddha statues with brief descriptions and photos - the Leshan Buddha is number 11 and the Buddhas of Bamiyan are number 4. "Bamiyan Buddhas" by Dr. Melody Rod-ari for Khan Academy, covering the history and design of the sculptures. "Cultural Landscape and Archaeological Remains of the Bamiyan Valley"  by UNESCO. "Destroyed Buddhas Reveal Their True Colors" by Andrew Lawler for Science.org, an article about archeological reconstruction of the Buddha's pre-modern appearance. "Bamiyan: Ten Years On," a brief video by UNESCO about the Bamiyan Buddha ruins. "Commemorating 20 years since the destruction of two Buddhas of Bamiyan, Afghanistan" by Ernesto Ottone R., UNESCO Assistant Director-General for Culture. Available at https://whc.unesco.org/en/news/2253. "Why the Buddhas of Bamian were destroyed" by Michael Semple, who was personally involved in negotiations to try to save the Buddhas. An 1833 sketch of the Buddhas of Bamiyan by Alexander Burnes. "From Ruins of Afghan Buddhas, a History Grows" by Carlotta Gall for the New York Times,  Dec. 6, 2006. NYT article from 2006 about international archeologists examining the ruins of the Buddhas and speculating about possible reconstruction plans. A collection of other drawings and photos showing the Buddhas.  A timeline of the US invasion, occupation, and departure from Afghanistan including mentions of fighting in and around Bamiyan. An article from late July 2021 about fighting between Taliban and government forces in and near Bamiyan. Miniaturization of Technology: Chemistry-specific definition of "particle."  Wikipedia pages for miniaturization, transistor counts (great chart), integrated circuits, surface-mount technology, and Moore's Law. How Stuff Works page for the transistor. Wikipedia page for the transistor radio. For more on Sony, transistor radios, the Walkman, and the sales of small, Japanese, consumer electronics in the US, check out this book chapter: Alt, Matt. “5 - Plugging In and Dropping Out.” Pure Invention: How Japan's Pop Culture Conquered the World, Penguin Random House, New York, NY, 2020, pp. 131–160. US Government report about the contemporary state of miniaturization technologies: U.S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment, Miniaturization Technologies, OTA-TCT-514 (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, November 1991). Accessible at: https://ota.fas.org/reports/9129.pdf  Semiconductor History Museum of Japan website. Very detailed and often very technical, with different topics broken down into timelines. Of particular interest, Japanese improvements to photolithography in the early 1980s (the Wikipedia page on photolithography has some helpful and easy to follow diagrams of the simplified process). "Molecular computers - tomorrow's technology?" by Leroy Cronin, and Hamera Abbas, 31 December 2006, for the Royal Society of Chemistry - Education in Chemistry website. Pages from IBM, Wikipedia, and the University of Waterloo, Canada, about quantum computing. "What Makes Quantum Computing So Hard to Explain?" by Scott Aaronson, June 8, 2021, for Quanta Magazine. Article about the latest, record-breakingly tiny chip from IBM: Brown, Dalvin. “IBM Says New Ultradense Microchip Might One Day Quadruple Your Cellphone's Battery Life.” The Washington Post, 12 May 2021.  Mobile Suit Breakdown is written, recorded, and produced within Lenapehoking, the ancestral and unceded homeland of the Lenape, or Delaware, people. Before European settlers forced them to move west, the Lenape lived in New York City, New Jersey, and portions of New York State, Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Connecticut. Lenapehoking is still the homeland of the Lenape diaspora, which includes communities living in Oklahoma, Wisconsin, and Ontario. You can learn more about Lenapehoking, the Lenape people, and ongoing efforts to honor the relationship between the land and indigenous peoples by visiting the websites of the Delaware Tribe and the Manhattan-based Lenape Center. Listeners in the Americas and Oceania can learn more about the indigenous people of your area at https://native-land.ca/. We would like to thank The Lenape Center for guiding us in creating this living land acknowledgment. You can subscribe to Mobile Suit Breakdown for free! on fine Podcast services everywhere and on YouTube, visit our website GundamPodcast.com, follow us on Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook, or email your questions, comments, and complaints to gundampodcast@gmail.com. Mobile Suit Breakdown wouldn't exist without the support of our fans and Patrons! You can join our Patreon to support the podcast and enjoy bonus episodes, extra out-takes, behind-the-scenes photos and video, MSB gear, and much more! The intro music is WASP by Misha Dioxin, and the outro is Long Way Home by Spinning Ratio, both licensed under Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 licenses. The recap music for Season 3 is New York City (instrumental) by spinningmerkaba, licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (3.0) license.. All music used in the podcast has been edited to fit the text. Mobile Suit Breakdown provides critical commentary and is protected by the Fair Use clause of the United States Copyright law. Gundam content is copyright and/or trademark of Sunrise Inc., Bandai, Sotsu Agency, or its original creator. Mobile Suit Breakdown is in no way affiliated with or endorsed by Sunrise, Bandai, Sotsu, or any of their subsidiaries, employees, or associates and makes no claim to own Gundam or any of the copyrights or trademarks related to it. Copyrighted content used in Mobile Suit Breakdown is used in accordance with the Fair Use clause of the United States Copyright law. Any queries should be directed to gundampodcast@gmail.com

Prolific British-Canadian marathon runner, author and now documentary maker Martin Parnell, along with filmmaker Kate McKenzie, have made an inspiring and visually stunning film about Afghan women taking great risks to run in the Marathon of Afghanistan.The Secret Marathon is inspired by the story of 25-year-old Zainab, the first Afghan woman to run in Afghanistan's first official marathan in 2015, held in Bamiyan. It tells the story of the other brave women who have followed in her footsteps to stand up for equality. Martin wants to keep the plight of Afghani women in the spot-light, so the film is being re-released around the world as a fund-raiser for Afghan refugees. Martin joins Kathryn Ryan ahead of The Secret Marathon's screening https://tickets.demand.film/event/11666 in Wellington tonight at 6:30 PM at the Roxy Cinema. $5 of every ticket sale is being donated to ChangeMakers Wellington to help recent Afghan refugees resettle.

Prolific British-Canadian marathon runner, author and now documentary maker Martin Parnell, along with filmmaker Kate McKenzie, have made an inspiring and visually stunning film about Afghan women taking great risks to run in the Marathon of Afghanistan.The Secret Marathon is inspired by the story of 25-year-old Zainab, the first Afghan woman to run in Afghanistan's first official marathan in 2015, held in Bamiyan. It tells the story of the other brave women who have followed in her footsteps to stand up for equality. Martin wants to keep the plight of Afghani women in the spot-light, so the film is being re-released around the world as a fund-raiser for Afghan refugees. Martin joins Kathryn Ryan ahead of The Secret Marathon's screening https://tickets.demand.film/event/11666 in Wellington tonight at 6:30 PM at the Roxy Cinema. $5 of every ticket sale is being donated to ChangeMakers Wellington to help recent Afghan refugees resettle.

Afghanische Frauen, die Sport treiben, müssen um ihr Leben fürchten. Das berichtet die 21-Jährige Radrennfahrerin Kamilla aus Bamiyan. Sie und ihre Freundinnen verbrannten ihre Urkunden, als die Taliban an die Macht kamen.Von Silke Diettrichwww.deutschlandfunkkultur.de, NachspielHören bis: 19. Januar 2038, 04:14Direkter Link zur Audiodatei

Three months after US forces pulled out of Kabul, millions of people in Afghanistan are facing starvation. Today's Amol Rajan speaks to John Simpson, BBC World Affairs Editor who is in Bamiyan in Afghanistan and describes the current situation. Our correspondent Secunder Kermani reports from the remote town of Zaranj. Amol also spoke to former UK Foreign Secretary David Miliband, who is now the CEO of the International Rescue Committee. He then spoke to Fawzia Koofi, Former Vice President of the Parliament in Afghanistan and President of the political party ‘Movement for Change in Afghanistan', as well as Richard Trenchard, the Afghan Representative for the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN. (Image: John Simpson, Credit: BBC)

This episode is also available as a blog post: http://afghannewswire.com/2021/11/02/%f0%9f%9a%a8-taliban-terrorists-again-started-destroying-bamiyan-buddha-in-afganistan%f0%9f%87%a6%f0%9f%87%ab-resistance%e2%9d%a4%ef%b8%8f/

Sur le fil vous emmène au centre de l'Afghanistan, à 2.500 mètres d'altitude, sur les falaises de Bamiyan. Un site classé au Patrimoine mondial de l'Unesco car des statues géantes de bouddhas étaient nichées dans ces falaises depuis le Vème siècle… avant d'être détruites par les talibans en 2001. Dans une misère moyenâgeuse des familles occupent désormais ces cavités, et le retour des Talibans a aggravé leurs conditions de vie.  Récit : Camille Kauffmann. Sur le terrain : Michel Moutot et Emmanuel Peuchot. Sur le fil est le podcast quotidien de l'AFP. Ecrivez-nous vos histoires : podcast@afp.com. Abonnez-vous, laissez-nous des étoiles, des commentaires, et parlez de nous autour de vous !  

Afghanistan is a land of unknowns. So much of the rich heritage and culture of once considered the 'world's friendliest country' is still unknown to the world. This episode brings to you a very well known Afghani folktale, Buzak Chini or Buz-e Chini which is hardly known to the outer world. This story also has a strong cultural significance related to the famous Bamiyan valleys that used to be the home of the iconic Bamiyan Buddhas until they were brought down. Enjoy this ride down the heritage lane. Happy Listening!!

Les bouddhas de Bamiyan sont les statues les plus célèbres d'Afghanistan. Plusieurs missions archéologiques françaises ont conduit des fouilles pour mettre à jour les trésors artistiques aujourd'hui détruits par les talibans. Entretien avec Sophie Makariou, présidente du musée national des arts asiatiques Guimet.   Emission présentée par Louis-Marie de Pontbriand.

This episode is also available as a blog post: http://afghannewswire.com/2021/09/19/taliban-demolish-historic-bamiyan-buddhas-bala-hussar-fort-in-kabul/

We're back with a new season of The Week in Art, which takes us right up to the holidays.In this episode, we reflect on events in Afghanistan in recent weeks. We hear from an anthropologist and an Afghan artist about the country's people, art and heritage as the Taliban assume power again. Melissa Chiovenda, an assistant professor of anthropology at Zayed University in Abu Dhabi, discusses the sixth-century Bamiyan Buddhas that were destroyed by the Taliban in 2001 in the context of the Hazara people that live in Bamiyan city and province, and reflects on what the return to power of the Taliban means for that community. The artist Yama Rahimi addresses the implications for artists in Afghanistan and reflects on the contemporary art scene there over recent years. He also talks about the situation facing those people, including artists, that are able to leave Afghanistan and seek asylum in the West—a situation whose complexities he is familiar with as an asylum-seeker living in Germany.We also hear about a work being made in Notre Dame in Paris by the sound artist Bill Fontana, who is recording the cathedral's bells as they resonate to the sounds of the city. Fontana's project is the first to be made in Notre-Dame since the catastrophic fire in 2019. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

The Taliban takeover over of Afghanistan has left millions of people internally displaced and hundreds of thousands more hoping to leave the country soon. Where will these Afghan refugees try to go and how will they be received by different countries?Joining David Aaronovitch in The Briefing Room are:Camille Le Coz, Policy Analyst with Migration Policy Institute.Michael Semple, Professor at the Mitchell Institute for Global Peace, Security and Justice at Queen's University Belfast and former UN co-ordinator for the Bamiyan region in Afghanistan.Peter Walsh, researcher in migration at the Migration Observatory.Dominic Casciani, BBC Home and Legal correspondentProducers: Ben Carter, Kirsteen Knight and Sharon Hemans Studio Manager: James Beard Production Co-ordinator: Iona Hammond Editors: Alison Gee and Jasper Corbett

This episode is also available as a blog post: http://afghannewswire.com/2021/04/17/inside-afghanistan-searching-for-lost-buddhas-in-the-bamiyan-valley/

Det het så fint etter 9/11 at vi skulle erobre hearts and minds i muslimske land og blant muslimer i Vesten. Vinne dem over til vår side. I stedet ble det vår elite som mistet sine hjerter og hjerner til en ideologi som gjør dem forsvarsløse overfor islam. Det er i korte trekk historien om de tyve årene som er gått siden 9/11. Liberale var ute av stand til å stå i konflikt, og gikk til venstre, dvs de vendte seg mot sitt eget samfunn og den del av befolkningen som vil forsvare det. Slik ble motsetningene innad minst like store som utad. Denne radikaliseringen gjør det relevant å se på erfaringene med det 20. århundres totalitære ideologier, noe vi for bare få år siden ville forsverget. Den kollapsen vi ser med Biden-administrasjonen kommer ikke out of the blue. Den har vært under utvikling i lang tid. Nazismen var ikke mye til ideologi. Det var en åtsel-ideologi: Den tok herfra og derfra. Metodisk var nazistene terrible simplificateurs. De var ikke tenkere. Essensen av deres ideologi var vold. Med kommunismen er det annerledes. Kommunismen er et uektefødt barn av Opplysningstiden. Kommunismen er en rasjonalisering og legitimering av det totale herredømme. Utopien må forvaltes. Fellesskapet kan ikke styre seg selv. Det må ha en elite og det er den kommunistiske nomenklaturen. Kommunismen er derfor en rasjonalisering av revolusjon og maktovertagelse under dekke av å ville frelse verden og innføre rettferdighet for alle. Den krever å bli anerkjent som en vitenskap om historien, til tross for at orden vitenskap om historie og samfunn er selvmotsigende. Historien kan ikke veies og måles. Den skrives av mennesker. Det finnes ingen teori for et perfekt samfunn, ganske enkelt fordi mennesket ikke er perfekt. En ideologi som insisterer på noe slikt vil bære volden i seg. Derfor har kommunismen og sosialismen ført til diktatur og undertrykkelse over alt hvor den er satt ut i livet. Det spesielle med den nye woke-bevegelsen er dens vekkelsespreg. Du kan ikke diskutere, det finnes ingen dialog/samtale eller anerkjennelse av Den andre. Det er bare en sannhet, den de forfekter. At vestlig elite har kapitulert for denne vekkelsen vitner om en mangel på styrke og karakter. Det er denne erobring innenfra som er en forutsetning for katastrofen i Kabul. BLM og Antifa veltet statuer i USA, akkurat som bolsjevikene i Russland og Taliban i Bamiyan. De hadde retten på sin side og mediene og Unapartiet – Demokratene og store deler av det Republikanske, enten hyllet dem eller var tause. Videoen er klar til å sees via Rumble. Følg oss der! Følg oss på Odysee! Følg oss også på PodBean, iTunes, og alle steder podcasts finnes. Husk å rate oss med 5 stjerner, så flere likesinnede sannhetssøkere finner oss der!   Kjøp Alf R. Jacobsens sensasjonelle «Stalins svøpe: KGB, AP og kommunismens medløpere» her!  

È proprio vero. La Storia si ripete nel corso del tempo, ma la seconda volta, spesso, si può trasformare in una farsa. A Bamiyan, una delle prime azioni simboliche dei talebani riguarda l'abbattimento della statua in memoria di Abdul Ali Mazari, un eroe sciita anti talebano. Si tratta di un ex leader politico Hazara, la minoranza sciita in Afghanistan. I talebani ripartono dalla distruzione dei monumenti. Sempre a Bamyan, vent'anni fa, i talebani distrussero con la dinamite i monumentali Buddha, due enormi statue alte 55 e 33 metri scolpite nella pietra a 230 chilometri da Kabul. Uno dei crimini più odiosi contro uno dei Patrimoni dell'Umanità dichiarati dall'Unesco. Il Mullah Omar considerava ''simboli pagani'' quelle rappresentazioni di inestimabile valore. Rispondendo alla denuncia globale per la distruzione dei Buddha, i talebani risposero che l'azione era stata decisa per protestare contro l'attenzione che la comunità internazionale dimostrava per le statue mentre il popolo afghano soffriva la fame. L'abbattimento della statua di un nemico dei talebani è comunque un atto di violenza che non promette niente di buono, come la sparatoria contro i manifestanti a Jalalabad e in diverse altre città afghane, e va in controtendenza con le prime dichiarazioni ufficiali che parlano di un nuovo corso, di un governo inclusivo, di donne inserite nel Governo anche se sotto le regole della Sharia. Tra poco il mainstream dei mass media internazionali farà certamente calare l'attenzione e per il popolo afghano inizieranno periodi complicati. Ascolta "Il Corsivo" a cura di Daniele Biacchessi, ogni giorno su www.giornaleradio.fm oppure scarica la nostra app

È proprio vero. La Storia si ripete nel corso del tempo, ma la seconda volta, spesso, si può trasformare in una farsa. A Bamiyan, una delle prime azioni simboliche dei talebani riguarda l'abbattimento della statua in memoria di Abdul Ali Mazari, un eroe sciita anti talebano. Si tratta di un ex leader politico Hazara, la minoranza sciita in Afghanistan. I talebani ripartono dalla distruzione dei monumenti. Sempre a Bamyan, vent'anni fa, i talebani distrussero con la dinamite i monumentali Buddha, due enormi statue alte 55 e 33 metri scolpite nella pietra a 230 chilometri da Kabul. Uno dei crimini più odiosi contro uno dei Patrimoni dell'Umanità dichiarati dall'Unesco. Il Mullah Omar considerava ''simboli pagani'' quelle rappresentazioni di inestimabile valore. Rispondendo alla denuncia globale per la distruzione dei Buddha, i talebani risposero che l'azione era stata decisa per protestare contro l'attenzione che la comunità internazionale dimostrava per le statue mentre il popolo afghano soffriva la fame. L'abbattimento della statua di un nemico dei talebani è comunque un atto di violenza che non promette niente di buono, come la sparatoria contro i manifestanti a Jalalabad e in diverse altre città afghane, e va in controtendenza con le prime dichiarazioni ufficiali che parlano di un nuovo corso, di un governo inclusivo, di donne inserite nel Governo anche se sotto le regole della Sharia. Tra poco il mainstream dei mass media internazionali farà certamente calare l'attenzione e per il popolo afghano inizieranno periodi complicati. Ascolta "Il Corsivo" a cura di Daniele Biacchessi, ogni giorno su www.giornaleradio.fm oppure scarica la nostra app

È proprio vero. La Storia si ripete nel corso del tempo, ma la seconda volta, spesso, si può trasformare in una farsa. A Bamiyan, una delle prime azioni simboliche dei talebani riguarda l'abbattimento della statua in memoria di Abdul Ali Mazari, un eroe sciita anti talebano. Si tratta di un ex leader politico Hazara, la minoranza sciita in Afghanistan. I talebani ripartono dalla distruzione dei monumenti. Sempre a Bamyan, vent'anni fa, i talebani distrussero con la dinamite i monumentali Buddha, due enormi statue alte 55 e 33 metri scolpite nella pietra a 230 chilometri da Kabul. Uno dei crimini più odiosi contro uno dei Patrimoni dell'Umanità dichiarati dall'Unesco. Il Mullah Omar considerava ''simboli pagani'' quelle rappresentazioni di inestimabile valore. Rispondendo alla denuncia globale per la distruzione dei Buddha, i talebani risposero che l'azione era stata decisa per protestare contro l'attenzione che la comunità internazionale dimostrava per le statue mentre il popolo afghano soffriva la fame. L'abbattimento della statua di un nemico dei talebani è comunque un atto di violenza che non promette niente di buono, come la sparatoria contro i manifestanti a Jalalabad e in diverse altre città afghane, e va in controtendenza con le prime dichiarazioni ufficiali che parlano di un nuovo corso, di un governo inclusivo, di donne inserite nel Governo anche se sotto le regole della Sharia. Tra poco il mainstream dei mass media internazionali farà certamente calare l'attenzione e per il popolo afghano inizieranno periodi complicati. Ascolta "Il Corsivo" a cura di Daniele Biacchessi, ogni giorno su www.giornaleradio.fm oppure scarica la nostra app

The Taliban spokesman said today that they had no connection with the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), a "one-day message" in Sri Lanka. Mano MP further said in this regard, The Afghan people have the right to decide their own future. For the past several decades, Afghanistan has been the playground of the two powers, first the Soviet Union and then the United States. It was the Americans who plunged the Taliban into building the Muhajireen. But the rule of the Taliban in the Middle Ages is unspeakable. The Taliban have angrily violated the internationally accepted human rights charter. They can not be waxed and waxed today that everything is Western media propaganda. However, today we hope that time will teach them a lesson. The right of the innocent Afghan people to determine the future of their country outside of authoritarian motives must first be exercised responsibly by the Afghan rulers, whoever they may be. The Taliban should not be allowed to turn Afghanistan into the playground of another superpower, China, now that their history has deteriorated in the past between the two powers. Maintaining balanced relations with India, Pakistan and China will give the Taliban global recognition. By respecting social justice, law and order, human rights, and especially the right of Afghan women to education and employment, the Taliban must gradually step forward to instill confidence in the Afghan people that this is "our rule." The Taliban should not allow the Afghan younger generation to go back to the fundamentalist 9th century and decide that the last 20 years of US occupation are okay. Without it, life would not return to normal. There will be no stable rule. So, like Russia and the United States, China could run another round. It could turn out to be the final round as well. The river of blood should no longer flow among the innocent Afghan people. A Taliban spokesman said today that "we have nothing to do with the LTTE." It does not immerse anyone here largely in happiness or worry. It is true that during the last interim Taliban regime, the "Bamiyan" world Buddhist heritage monuments were destroyed by gunfire. The Taliban must make it a priority to create a domestic and foreign environment that will bring immediate relief to the Afghan people without committing such outrageous nonsense. He said the Taliban's response to the superpowers occupying Afghanistan was to transform and show itself to be a responsible ruler who loves their people.

The Defence force will be deployed to help evacuate at least 53 New Zealand citizens in Afghanistan, as well as Afghan Nationals who have assisted efforts of the New Zealand Defence Force and other agencies.It comes after the Taliban raised their flag above the Presidential Palace in Kabul.Defence Minister Peeni Henare says he's hopeful the Afghan nationals can be helped out.While a US Official told Al Jazeera that the majority of Western diplomatic staff is out of Kabul already.Former Afghan interpreter for our armed services, Raza Khadim says getting people hiding in Bamiyan to Kabul International Airport - will be difficult.A Taliban Spokesperson has declared the group respects women's rights and freedom of expression within Sharia Law.Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern's hoping they'll let people out.  She's asking them to allow people to leave safely - and demonstrate they're an administration that considers the wellbeing of women and girls.She's also told the Taliban that the whole world is watching.LISTEN ABOVE

Face à l'avancée des talibans, de nombreux Afghans fuient. Nombreux veulent fuir à l'étranger. Ces derniers jours d'ailleurs, une longue file d'attente se forme dès l'aurore devant le service des passeports à Kaboul.  De notre correspondante à Kaboul, Des centaines de personnes font la queue les unes derrière les autres devant l'entrée du service des passeports. Des policiers, armés de kalachnikovs montent la garde, tendus. Un homme, le regard fiévreux, s'approche.  « Mon père avait 81 ans, il a attrapé le Covid ici. C'est le plus grand risque que j'ai pris dans ma vie. Mon père est mort avant-hier. Il a été enterré hier. Mais aujourd'hui, je suis à nouveau ici. Je suis ici avec un cœur très, très lourd. Avec une peine immense. Mais que puis-je faire ? Est-ce que je dois rester chez moi ? Non je devais venir ici, je devais demander nos passeports encore, pour faire sortir ma famille d'ici, pour aller n'importe où. » Dans la file d'attente, un homme fait défiler des photos sur son téléphone portable. Il préfère rester anonyme. « Voici ma maison dans mon village. Ils ont tout détruit. Ils ont mis une mine à l'intérieur. J'ai même une vidéo. Regardez. Les talibans ont posé une mine dans ma maison. J'ai perdu toutes mes propriétés. » « Nous ne pouvons pas voir l'avenir en Afghanistan » Cet homme a fui son village situé dans la province d'Uruzgan. Capturé par les talibans une vingtaine de jours plus tôt. « Ils sont arrivés et ont brûlé nos maisons, ils ont lancé des roquettes. Les talibans ont tué plusieurs femmes et enfants. Ça tirait de partout. » Il affirme qu'une soixantaine de personnes dont des femmes et des enfants ont été tuées. Effrayé, il veut obtenir un passeport et fuir en Iran. Amina – son nom a été modifié pour des raisons de sécurité – veut fuir en Turquie avec son époux et ses deux fils en bas âge. Cette enseignante à l'université a fui en bus sa province du Badakhshan dans le nord-est du pays, tombé aux mains des talibans. « Nous ne pouvons pas voir l'avenir de l'Afghanistan. Tout est incertain. La seule chose que l'on sache, c'est que l'avenir est sombre pour tout le peuple afghan. » Amina dit n'avoir plus d'espoir, comme beaucoup dans la longue file d'attente. À la faveur du départ de la coalition internationale, les talibans affirment contrôler 85% du territoire afghan. Les autorités afghanes démentent, mais elles reconnaissent que les forces de sécurité afghanes sont dans une situation « délicate ». Les talibans ont lancé une grande offensive dans le nord du pays, s'emparant des frontières avec le Tadjikistan, le Turkménistan et d'un poste frontalier majeur avec l'Iran. Ce mardi 13 juillet, ils ont pris le contrôle de deux districts de la province centrale de Bamiyan. 

In Part II of their discussion Stephen Blackwood and Alexander Stoddart speak about the transhistorical community of past, present, and future. Stoddart explicates his Schopenhauerian view of art as life-denying and thus paradoxically able to help us relinquish our own will to power. He contrasts this view with that of a shallow presentism, a self-absorbed modernist outlook that views the present as inherently superior to both past and future, cutting off its own vital resources and neglecting its fundamental obligations. Stoddart shows another way. Artists, Art, and Writings Mentioned in this Episode: Homer; Palmyra; Br'er Rabbit and the Tar-Baby; Arthur Schopenhauer; Jean-Paul Sartre; Michel Foucault; Friedrich Nietzsche; Walter Scott; Richard Wagner; Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina; Charles Dickens; Walter Pater; Gian Lorenzo Bernini; Buddhas of Bamiyan; Trajan's Forum; The Colosseum; Bartolomeo Colleoni Monument; The Shard of London; Albert Speer's Volkshalle ("People's Hall"); T. S. Eliot: “Four Quartets”; Gone with the Wind, House of Tara (Antebellum architecture); Richard James Wyatt; Lincoln Memorial; John Flaxman: Am I Not a Man; Thomas Banks profile of Thomas Muir of Huntershill (https://www.nationalgalleries.org/art-and-artists/artists/thomas-banks); Edgar Degas; Paul Cézanne; Pierre-Auguste Renoir; The Acropolis; Tyche; Statue of Tyche and Plutus in Istanbul; Statue of Liberty; Christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro; Mount Rushmore

C’est en mars 2001 que les talibans ont détruit définitivement les statues des bouddhas dans la vallée de Bamiyan, en Afghanistan. Deux années auparavant, ils avaient pourtant décidé de les protéger. Mais l’impact médiatique de ces destructions était un objectif trop important pour le groupe islamiste armé dans sa conquête du pouvoir, et des esprits. L’ONG Patrimoine sans frontières consacre, à ce site patrimonial très important, un article très documenté dont nous parle sa rédactrice Pauline Verger, autrice de la série «Regard sur… » que l’on peut voir sur le site de l’association. Le site de Patrimoine sans frontières / Regard sur

Dans la STORY Benjamin se penche cette semaine sur l'histoire qui entoure l'exposition Des images et des hommes, Bamiyan 20 ans après, à l'affiche jusqu'au 21 juin au Musée des Arts asiatiques - Guimet. Sophie Makariou, présidente du musée et Pascal Convert, artiste, écrivain et historien, nous racontent la genèse de la plupart des photographies exposées, dont un panorama de plus de 16 m de long. Aux micros : Arthur Azoulay, Benjamin Favier, Jean-Michel Lenoir, Renaud Labracherie, Sophie Makariou et Pascal Convert. La STORY est issue de l'épisode S206 - « Les super grands capteurs en photo » du podcast Faut Pas Pousser les ISO diffusé le 25 mars 2021.  L'épisode S206 est présenté par FUJIFILM ET SA GAMME D'APPAREILS GFX, LE MOYEN FORMAT POUR TOUS.

Atiq Rahimi con "I portatori d'acqua" costruisce un romanzo raffinato e potente, nel quale si affiancano due vicende afghane: una si svolge a Kabul, l'altra in esilio in Europa, tra Parigi e Amsterdam. Protagonisti sono due uomini, Tom – o Tamil – e Yussef, entrambi malati d'amore, legati da sottili differenze e da più profonde similitudini. Su tutto incombe la vicenda delle gigantesche statue del Buddha nella valle di Bamiyan, che i talebani distrussero l'11 marzo 2001. Nel romanzo si intrecciano i temi delle origini e dell'identità, insieme a quelli della memoria, del ricordo, del doppio, del sogno e del delirio.Ascolta la recensione di Diego Mattei S.I., dalla newsletter de "La Civiltà Cattolica", Abitare nella possibilità.

Dans le sixième épisode de la deuxième saison du podcast Faut Pas Pousser les ISO nous vous proposons comme GRAND DÉBAT une discussion sur les supr grands capteurs en photo et les appareils moyens formats. Nous recevons pour l'occasion Renaud Labracherie, journaliste et rédacteur en chef adjoint du magazine Les Numériques, Jean-Michel Lenoir, photographe et Cyril Duchêne, chef produit Fujifilm.  Nous vous proposons également le témoignage de Fabrice Michaux, le gérant de la boutique Le Moyen Format située à Paris, boulevard Beaumarchais et du photographe Ghislain Simard. L'épisode S206 est présenté par FUJIFILM ET SA GAMME D'APPAREILS GFX, LE MOYEN FORMAT POUR TOUS.  Parallèlement à ce grand débat nous faisons aussi un point commenté sur les dernières actualités dans le FLASH ACTU avec la nouvelle optique Sony, les nouveaux firmwares Lumix S et et le concours photo du festival de Montier-en-Der 2021. Le FLASH ACTU est présenté par Phox.fr, le nouveau site des spécialistes de l'image. Dans la STORY Benjamin nous fait découvrir l'histoire qui entoure l'exposition Des images et des hommes, Bamiyan 20 ans après, à l'affiche jusqu'au 21 juin au Musée des Arts asiatiques - Guimet. Sophie Makariou, présidente du musée et Pascal Convert, artiste, écrivain et historien, nous racontent la genèse de la plupart des photographies exposées, dont un panorama de plus de 16 m de long.

Hong Kong is seeing a wave of departures amid concerns about the erosion of democratic freedoms. China's national security law, imposed in July last year, has been used to clamp down on dissent prompting many to considering leaving. The UK's visa scheme will allow many Hong Kong residents to start a new life in Britain. Danny Vincent spoke to some of the people preparing to leave the territory. One year ago, New York City was the one of the epicentres of the coronavirus outbreak. Now a massive vaccination effort is underway. Restaurants are allowed to open at half capacity and, helped by the relief package, the city is gradually springing back to life. But some people are wary of the vaccine, says Laura Trevelyan. In Australia allegations of sexual assault in the corridors of power in Canberra are dominating headlines. Tens of thousands of people have protested in the major cities. The Prime Minister, Scott Morrison, has so far refused to hold an independent inquiry, but the allegations have triggered a public reaction that is gathering pace, says Shaimaa Khalil. Each year, Afghanistan hosts an annual ski challenge, in the mountains of Bamiyan province. Organisers of this event are hoping the region can attract more tourists, despite the on-going threat of violence. They hope for a more peaceful future - and this event has provided much needed respite. Charlie Faulkner went to watch. The Netherlands has long navigated the threat posed by rising water levels. In 1953, a catastrophic flood claimed the lives of more than 1000 people. In response, the Dutch created an advanced network of flood defences. These are now being updated thanks to a new plan to climate-proof the country. Jane Labous reports. Presenter: Kate Adie Producer: Serena Tarling

Trainiere dein Hörverstehen mit den Nachrichten der Deutschen Welle von Mittwoch – als Text und als verständlich gesprochene Audio-Datei.Bündnis fordert Aufhebung von Impfpatenten Eine Gruppe von Hilfsorganisationen hat erneut vor Engpässen bei Corona-Impfungen in Ländern mit niedrigem Einkommen gewarnt. Weltweit habe die Mehrheit der ärmsten Staaten noch keine einzige Impfung verabreicht, teilte die Nichtregierungsorganisation Oxfam mit. Bis Ende des Jahres könnten demnach bestenfalls nur gut 20 Prozent der Bewohner in Ländern des globalen Südens auf eine Impfung gegen das Coronavirus hoffen. Die Hilfsorganisationen fordern, Patentrechte von Pharmakonzernen zur Vakzin-Produktion außer Kraft zu setzen. Dadurch könnten mehr Länder ihre Impfstoffe selbst herstellen. Striktes Abtreibungsverbot in US-Bundesstaat Arkansas soll ein extrem restriktives Abtreibungsgesetz bekommen. Der Gouverneur des US-Bundesstaates, Asa Hutchinson, unterzeichnete eine entsprechende Regelung, die Frauen selbst im Fall von Vergewaltigung und Inzest keinen Schwangerschaftsabbruch erlaubt. Lediglich bei akuter Gefahr für das Leben der Mutter soll künftig eine Abtreibung vorgenommen werden können. Das teilte der Republikaner Hutchinson mit, der als erzkonservativ gilt. Das neue Gesetz soll im Sommer in Kraft treten. Die Bürgerrechtsorganisation ACLU hat bereits angekündigt, gerichtlich dagegen vorzugehen. Kapitol-Einsatz verlängert Die US-Nationalgarde wird die lokalen Sicherheitskräfte am Kapitol in Washington weiter unterstützen – und zwar noch mindestens für zweieinhalb Monate. Verteidigungsminister Lloyd Austin habe einen Antrag der Kapitol-Polizei auf Verlängerung des Einsatzes bis zum 23. Mai bewilligt, teilte ein Pentagon-Sprecher mit. Allerdings wurde die Zahl der Soldaten von 5200 auf 2300 verringert. Die Nationalgarde war zur Verstärkung angerückt, nachdem Anhänger von Ex-Präsident Donald Trump am 6. Januar den Sitz des US-Parlaments gewaltsam gestürmt hatten. Buddha-Statue von Bamiyan in 3-D Für ein Kulturprojekt ist eine der beiden in Zentralafghanistan zerstörten historischen Buddha-Statuen virtuell wiedererrichtet worden. Mithilfe eines 3-D-Beamers wurde die 55 Meter hohe Figur aus dem 7. Jahrhundert in eine Felsnische an ihrem ursprünglichen Standort projiziert. Mit der Aktion in Bamiyan soll an die Zerstörung der Buddha-Statuen durch die radikalislamischen Taliban vor 20 Jahren erinnert werden. Die Sprengung der Skulpturen war Teil einer Kampagne der Taliban gegen das vorislamische Kulturerbe Afghanistans. Lebenslange Haft nach Botschaftermord Mehr als vier Jahre nach dem Mord am damaligen russischen Botschafter Andrej Karlow in der Türkei hat ein Gericht in Ankara gegen fünf Angeklagte lebenslange Haftstrafen verhängt – unter anderem wegen Umsturzversuchs und vorsätzlicher Tötung. Das meldet die staatliche Nachrichtenagentur Anadolu. Ein türkischer Polizist hatte Karlow bei der Eröffnung einer Ausstellung erschossen. Der Attentäter selbst wurde damals von Spezialkräften getötet. Er soll Verbindungen zu dem islamischen Prediger Fetullah Gülen gehabt haben, den Ankara für den Putschversuch von 2016 verantwortlich macht. EU setzt digitale Ziele für 2030 Die Europäische Kommission hat in Brüssel ihren neuen Fahrplan zur Digitalisierung vorgestellt. Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf besseren IT-Fähigkeiten, schnellerem Internet und der Online-Verfügbarkeit wichtiger öffentlicher Dienste. Außerdem will die EU-Kommission erreichen, dass Anfang des kommenden Jahrzehnts 20 Prozent aller weltweit produzierten Halbleiter aus der Europäischen Union stammen. Kommissionschefin Ursula von der Leyen hatte die Digitalisierung zum Topthema erklärt, unter anderem weil durch die Corona-Pandemie große Mängel bei der Computerisierung von Behörden, Schulen und Unternehmen deutlich wurden. Queen nimmt zu Vorwürfen Stellung Nach dem brisanten Interview von Prinz Harry und Herzogin Meghan hat sich der Buckingham-Palast erstmals zu Wort gemeldet. In einer Mitteilung im Auftrag von Königin Elisabeth der Zweiten hieß es, man wolle insbesondere den Vorwurf des Rassismus intern aufarbeiten. Meghan und Harry hatten in einem CBS-Interview der Königsfamilie mangelnde Unterstützung vorgeworfen und sie rassistischer Gedankenspiele bezichtigt. Ausdrücklich kritisierte Harry auch, dass keines seiner Familienmitglieder sich gegen koloniale Untertöne in Berichten der britischen Boulevardpresse gewandt habe.

The Bamiyan buddhas, destroyed by the Taliban in 2001, make a brief - virtual - reappearance to mark the sad anniversary, while Namibia's first lady slams sexism in a viral rant, and Burger King gets grilled over a provocative tweet. Click here to subscribe now to When Katty Met Carlos, OZY’s newest podcast: https://www.ozy.com/pg/podcast/when-katty-met-carlos

Il y a 20 ans en Afghanistan, six mois avant l'attentat contre le World Trade Center, les talibans dynamitaient et filmaient l'effondrement de deux géants de pierre. Les Bouddhas monumentaux taillés dans la falaise de Bamiyan et vieux de plus de 15 siècles disparaissaient au motif que toute représentation humaine est interdite par la doctrine islamique. À 2 500 m d’altitude, en Afghanistan, la falaise de Bamiyan s’inscrit dans un paysage grandiose à la croisée des mondes entre l’Inde, l’Iran, l’Asie centrale. Bamiyan est la capitale du pays des Hazaras, une communauté chiite, implantée sur un site monastique bouddhiste unique au monde où se dressaient jusqu’en mars 2001 deux Bouddhas géants de 38 et 55 m de haut dynamités par les talibans. « Il faut imaginer cette très longue falaise de Bamiyan, dans laquelle sont creusées 700 grottes qui sont des ermitages. C’était un lieu de retraite pour les moines, pour des fidèles. On y a construit au VIe et au VIIe siècle ces deux effigies monumentales modelées directement dans le lœss, un sédiment », raconte Sophie Makariou, la présidente du Musée national des arts asiatiques à Paris. Puis d'ajouter : « Ils étaient dorés à la feuille, ils étaient en fait drapés dans une sorte de toge ; un drapé à l’antique puisque cet art de cette région de l’Afghanistan, cette zone du Gandhara, c’est un art dit “gréco-bouddhique”. C’est aussi très bouleversant, car à Bamiyan se joue quelque chose qui est la rencontre des civilisations », dit-elle.  ► À écouter aussi : La deuxième vie des monuments : les Bouddhas d'Afghanistan « Il n'y a rien de plus présent que le vide » La destruction des Bouddhas de Bamiyan a permis de faire reconnaître l’atteinte au patrimoine et à la mémoire des hommes comme un crime contre l’humanité. L’artiste Pascal Convert s’est rendu sur place en 2016 et a réalisé des captations de la falaise défigurée. Des milliers de relevés photographiques et de scans 3D, forment une œuvre photographique monumentale et panoramique de la falaise.  « Malgré l’absence des Bouddhas, ils sont présents. Ce ne sont pas du tout des spectres ou des fantômes, ils sont présents. Leur hauteur, leur emplacement, cette espèce d’étrangeté justement de ces deux monuments vides… », soutient Pascal Convert. Puis d'ajouter : « Il y a un rapprochement évident entre les deux Bouddhas de Bamiyan et les Twin Towers à New York, les deux géants de deux continents opposés. Quand vous voyez le monument du 11-Septembre qui est en fait le volume inverse des tours qui forment un puits infini dans lequel coule de l’eau comme des larmes, là-bas c’est la même chose, on a une très grande présence. Il n’y a rien de plus présent que le vide. » Les Bouddhas de Bamiyan, pulvérisés, ne seront probablement jamais reconstruits. Les efforts se portent aujourd’hui sur la consolidation de la falaise et plus particulièrement des niches qui ont beaucoup souffert des bombardements talibans, et sur un espoir la recherche d’un troisième bouddha, un Bouddha couché qui se trouverait dans la vallée, peut-être enseveli.

Heute vor 20 Jahren wurden die Buddhastatuen von Bamiyan durch Islamisten gesprengt.

Vor 20 Jahren zerstörten die Taliban die Buddha-Statuen von Bamiyan in Afghanistan. Eine Rekonstruktion würde Millionen kosten. Die Bevölkerung habe andere Sorgen, meint der Archäologe Reinhard Bernbeck. Es gebe Alternativen zu Wiederaufbau. Reinhard Bernbeck im Gespräch mit Liane von Billerbeck www.deutschlandfunkkultur.de, Interview Hören bis: 19.01.2038 04:14 Direkter Link zur Audiodatei

“Des images et des hommes” Bamiyan 20 ans aprèsau Musée Guimet, Parisdu 24 février au 21 juin 2021extrait du communiqué de presse :Commissaires :Sophie Makariou, présidente du MNAAG, commissaire généralePierre Cambon, conservateur en chef des collections Corée, Pakistan et Afghanistan du MNAAGLe 11 mars 2001, les Talibans qui avaient pris le pouvoir en Afghanistan, organisaient la destruction de deux bouddhas monumentaux de 38 et 55 m de haut, sculptés dans les roches des hautes falaises de Bamiyan. Des oeuvres d'une valeur universelle, témoins de l'extraordinaire vitalité de l'art boudhique de cette vallée, située sur la route de la soie et ouverte à toutes les influences, indienne, grecque, romaine… Diffusées par les Talibans, les images de la destruction firent le tour du monde, six mois avant celles des tours jumelles du World Trade Center à New York.Ces deux événements ont marqué notre entrée dans le 21ème siècle. L'atteinte à la mémoire des hommes, à leur patrimoine et la mémoire où ils s'enracinent, est reconnue depuis comme un crime contre l'humanité.20 ans plus tard, le Musée national des arts asiatiques – Guimet a choisi de commémorer la destruction du site de Bamiyan à travers une exposition présentant des oeuvres archéologiques majeures retrouvées sur cette falaise afghane. Des photographies du plasticien Pascal Convert éclairent la richesse de ce patrimoine de façon contemporaine.L'exposition rend hommage à Joseph et Ria Hackin, archéologues de Bamiyan et conservateurs du musée, disparus il y a 80 ans.Des oeuvres archéologiques exceptionnelles, en miroir de photographies contemporaines.Le MNAGG présentera une série d'oeuvres archéologiques uniques retrouvées dans cette falaise afghane, du Gandhara à la période islamique. On y découvrira notamment deux mains de bouddhas monumentaux ayant conservé des restes de feuilles d'or.Accompagnant ces oeuvres, les photographies de Pascal Convert, dont le Panoramique de la falaise de Bâmiyan et la Grotte sanctuaire de Bâmiyan détruite par les Talibans, offriront un regard plus contemporain. À travers les vestiges archéologiques, les relevés de peintures et vestiges de peintures originales, les créations contemporaines de Pascal Convert, les films et les documents d'archives (documents de fouilles, lettre de ralliement des Hackin au Général de Gaulle) présentés, l'exposition raconte l'histoire du site de Bamiyan et sa vitalité culturelle du VIème au XIIIème siècle, la base doctrinale qui a conduit à la destruction du site en 2001 mais aussi la terrible actualité des faits avec les destructions d'autres sites inscrits au patrimoine de l'humanité.L'ensemble des oeuvres sera installée au premier étage du musée, dans la salle sino-tibétaine aménagée pour l'occasion.Le rôle majeur de l'école archéologique française.La France est particulièrement liée à la préservation de l'archéologie et de la mémoire de l'Afghanistan, pays où elle a créé en 1922 la délégation archéologique – devenue Direction Archéologique de l'Afghanistan, et aujourd'hui encore seul institut archéologique étranger implanté de façon permanente en Afghanistan.Dominant la vallée, les falaises de Bamiyan sont situées sur l'une des plus importantes routes de commerce reliant l'Asie centrale au sous-continent indien. Comme celles de Dunhuang en Chine, elles sont constituées de loess, matériau qui se prête à la sculpture – ou plus exactement au modelage sur une armature – d'effigies monumentales dont la surface était, à l'origine, dorée.Dans ce lieu d'art et de culture exceptionnel, les premières fouilles ont été françaises. Alfred Foucher, historien de l'art et spécialiste du monde bouddhiste, étudia le site dès 1922. André Godard, architecte, archéologue et historien de l'art français, et son épouse Edda s'attèlent ensuite aux premiers relevés des peintures au cours de l'hiver 1923, en dépit du froid atroce qui sévissait dans la vallée. L'exposition déploie un certain nombre de leurs relevés.Conservés au MNAAG et jamais montrés, ils révèlent la vivacité de couleurs et l'accomplissement esthétique de la peinture bouddhique à Bamiyan. Les Godard poursuivront leurs travaux en 1924 avec Joseph Hackin* alors conservateur au musée Guimet et publieront la première étude sur l'art bouddhique de Bamiyan, éditée en 1928.De nouvelles fouilles auront lieu en 1930 sous la conduite de Joseph Hackin, désormais directeur du musée Guimet, et accompagné de son inséparable ami l'architecte Jean Carl. De retour à Paris, Hackin travaillera à une nouvelle publication sur Bamiyan en 1933.Revenu en Afghanistan en 1934, il s'établit à Kaboul avec son épouse Ria, également archéologue, et rédige alors le premier guide de visite du site, désormais consacré comme un des hauts lieux de l'art bouddhique. Joseph et Ria Hackin**, unis à la ville et dans le travail, se rallient dès la première heure au général de Gaulle depuis l'Afghanistan. A Londres, Joseph et Ria sont investis d'importantes responsabilités. C'est lors d'une mission confiée par le Général que les Hackin trouvent une fin tragique dans le torpillage de leur bateau, le 24 février 1941.*Joseph Hackin (né en 1886 et mort le 24 février 1941, en mer lors du torpillage de son bateau près des îles Féroé) est un archéologue français d'origine luxembourgeoise, résistant, compagnon de la Libération. En 1907, il est secrétaire de l'industriel Émile Guimet. Il apprend le sanscrit et tibétain à l'École Pratique des Hautes Études dont il est diplômé. En 1912, il est nommé conservateur adjoint au Musée Guimet et en 1923, après avoir poursuivi ses travaux de recherche il en deviendra conservateur.**Ria Hackin (née en 1905 sous le nom de Marie Parmentier, morte le 24 février 1941) est une archéologue et résistante française de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Officier des Forces Françaises libres, elle participe à l'organisation du Corps des Volontaires françaises au sein de la France libre. Disparue en mer avec son mari, à la suite d'un torpillage elle est faite compagnon de la Libération à titre posthume et reçoit la croix de guerre 1939-1945 avec palme. Voir Acast.com/privacy pour les informations sur la vie privée et l'opt-out.

Die Buddha-Statuen im afghanischen Bamiyan, das antike Palmyra in Syrien oder die Altstadt von Sana’a gehören zum Kulturerbe der Menschheit. Doch das hat sie nicht vor der Zerstörung durch militante Gruppen geschützt. Ein Gespräch über Hoffnung, Wiederaufbau und die Digitalisierung alter Fotos. Gross war der Aufschrei der internationalen Gemeinschaft, als 2001 die Buddha-Statuen im afghanischen Bamiyan von Taliban-Kämpfern zerstört wurden. Die Statuen stammten aus dem 6. Jahrhundert und waren Teil des Weltkulturerbes. Weltweit gibt es über 1100 Stätten, die Kraft ihrer Definition der gesamten Menschheit gehören und deshalb besonderen Schutz geniessen. Doch wenn Kriege und Konflikte ausbrechen, werden die internationalen Konventionen zum Schutz der Kulturgüter oft mit Füssen getreten. Und Kunstwerke manchmal sogar absichtlich zerstört. Zahlreiche staatliche und nicht-staatliche Organisationen wie die Unesco, Icomos oder neu auch Aliph kümmern sich um den Schutz des Kulturerbes der Menschheit. Yves Bossart spricht mit Valéry Freland, dem Direktor der Stiftung Aliph mit Sitz in Genf, über das Prinzip des «safe haven», die Digitalisierung vergilbter Fotos, und warum man Menschen schützt, wenn man sich um Kulturgüter kümmert.

Afghan security forces are strained to the limit and unable to stop rampant violence fracturing the country, as fighting has intensified between government forces and the Taliban. With the U.S. preparing to withdraw its troops, warlords and militias have been stepping in to fill the security vacuum. Special correspondent Jane Ferguson and producer Emily Kassie report from Bamiyan, Afghanistan. PBS NewsHour is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

Afghan security forces are strained to the limit and unable to stop rampant violence fracturing the country, as fighting has intensified between government forces and the Taliban. With the U.S. preparing to withdraw its troops, warlords and militias have been stepping in to fill the security vacuum. Special correspondent Jane Ferguson and producer Emily Kassie report from Bamiyan, Afghanistan. PBS NewsHour is supported by - https://www.pbs.org/newshour/about/funders

Sunita Dwivedi, author of Buddha in Gandhara, travelled across Pakistan and Afghanistan to visit the numerous Buddhist sites there. In this episode of the Books & Authors podcast she talks about circumambulating a stupa in a burqa, staring in wonder at the architecture of the caves in Bamiyan, and of the great need to preserve Buddhist heritage sites across South Asia.

Sunita Dwivedi, author of Buddha in Gandhara, travelled across Pakistan and Afghanistan to visit the numerous Buddhist sites there. In this episode of the Books & Authors podcast she talks about circumambulating a stupa in a burqa, staring in wonder at the architecture of the caves in Bamiyan, and of the great need to preserve Buddhist heritage sites across South Asia.

This week, the squad is joined by a very special guest and environmental expert, Megan Hill. Meg joins the pod to answer some of the hardest environmental conundrums and to help us lay a framework to a better future. Cube helps us discover a great hidden restaurant gem in Louisville and Bat teaches us on the White Huns. All in all, a very cool episode and a great time.

In March 2001 the Taliban destroyed huge ancient statues of Buddha in Afghanistan. The statues were carved into the cliffs above the Bamiyan valley. Sayid Mirza Hossein, a local farmer, was taken prisoner by the Taliban and forced to pack explosives around the ancient Buddhas. He told Witness what it felt like to destroy something that he had seen every day of his life. (Photo: Taliban fighters looking at the Bamiyan cliffs. Credit: Getty Images)

25 novembre: giornata internazionale per l'eliminazione della violenza contro le donne. Arabia Saudita: riprende il processo dell'attivista in sciopero della fame Al Hatloul. Dura condanna per un blogger tunisino. Afghanistan: esplosioni a Bamiyan. Thailandia: incriminati 12 giovani leader della protesta. Etiopia: Tigray, civili massacrati. Venezuela: MSF si ritira dall'ospedale a causa delle restrizioni per l'arrivo di medici specializzati. Questo e molto altro nel notiziario di Radio Bullets, a cura di Barbara Schiavulli. Musiche di Walter Sguazzin

Bombings in Bamiyan province in Afghanistan have killed more than a dozen people and injured many more. New Zealand had a provincial reconstruction team in Bamiyan for 10 years - from 2003-2013 - and the area was touted as a success story of peace-keeping. But the bombings are a sign of deterioration. Investigative journalist Jon Stephenson, who has reported from Afghanistan, speaks to Susie Ferguson.

25 novembre: giornata internazionale per l’eliminazione della violenza contro le donne. Arabia Saudita: riprende il processo dell’attivista in sciopero della fame Al Hatloul. Dura condanna per un blogger tunisino. Afghanistan: esplosioni a Bamiyan. Thailandia: incriminati 12 giovani leader della protesta. Etiopia: Tigray, civili massacrati. Venezuela: MSF si ritira dall’ospedale a causa delle restrizioni per l’arrivo di medici specializzati. Questo e molto altro nel notiziario di Radio Bullets, a cura di Barbara Schiavulli. Musiche di Walter Sguazzin

durée : 00:30:47 - Les Pieds sur terre - par : Sonia Kronlund - Dans la petite ville de Bamiyan, à 200 kms de Kaboul, on raconte volontiers que les statues détruites par les talibans en 2001, ne sont pas des bouddhas mais deux amoureux en fuite, une fille et un garçon, punis par leurs parents pour leurs amours illicites et transformés en statues de pierre.

durée : 00:30:47 - Les Pieds sur terre - par : Sonia Kronlund - Dans la petite ville de Bamiyan, à 200 kms de Kaboul, on raconte volontiers que les statues détruites par les talibans en 2001, ne sont pas des bouddhas mais deux amoureux en fuite, une fille et un garçon, punis par leurs parents pour leurs amours illicites et transformés en statues de pierre.

durée : 00:33:15 - Les Pieds sur terre - par : Sonia Kronlund - A l’occasion du 101e anniversaire de l'indépendance de l'Afghanistan, retour avec le journal sonore de Sonia Kronlund, sur les bouddhas de Bamiyan, leur destruction par les talibans en 2001, les histoires et légendes sur la vallée des statues, racontées par les habitants.

durée : 00:33:15 - Les Pieds sur terre - par : Sonia Kronlund - A l’occasion du 101e anniversaire de l'indépendance de l'Afghanistan, retour avec le journal sonore de Sonia Kronlund, sur les bouddhas de Bamiyan, leur destruction par les talibans en 2001, les histoires et légendes sur la vallée des statues, racontées par les habitants.

1. O Ocidente já descolonizou há muitas décadas mas subsistem querelas sobre o seu passado colonial. É uma febre que se grudou a uma putativa “culpa do homem branco”, real ou imaginária, e que ora sobe, ora desce, mas não passa. Agora está outra vez a precisar de paracetamol. Estão a ser atacados símbolos coloniais em vários países. A polícia do Reino Unido já lhe chama “batalha das estátuas”.Mas olhemos para além da febre dos dias. O que fez esta semana decapitar a cabeça de uma estátua de Cristóvão Colombo, em Boston, não é diferente do que fez explodir, em 2001, os Budas de Bamiyan, no Afeganistão, e não foi o conflito colonial. O que deu origem àqueles dois casos é uma lei humana implacável: o novo quer substituir o velho, ou a bem ou a mal. Quando é a bem costuma chamar-se-lhe “progresso”, mesmo que cause muito mal. Quando é a mal, como em Boston e no Afeganistão, chama-se-lhe barbárie.Nada, nenhuma estátua, nenhuma fortaleza, nenhuma casa, nada vai sobreviver à acção destrutiva do novo e do tempo. Quando não é o novo a aniquilar o velho, o devir implacável dos anos e dos séculos faz esse serviço. O novo e o tempo ganham sempre. E só há duas maneiras de lhes atardar a vitória — através da memória e do trabalho. Lembrar e trabalhar são o calhau que o homem/Sísifo está condenado a arrastar pelo monte do tempo acima.Já uma vez escrevi isto aqui, quando Fernando Ruas quis mas não chegou a ter tempo para demolir um bairro de casas pequenas junto à cadeia de Viseu.Depois, como António Almeida Henriques apostou tudo no “imaterial”, aquelas casinhas acabaram por resistir. Isso foi bom. Pelo menos para já, foi adiado o que a barbárie do “progresso” ou a ruína do tempo lhes há-de fazer.2. A forte candidatura socialista de João Azevedo à câmara de Viseu só acontece porque já é evidente para toda a gente o fiasco dos sete festivos anos de “política imaterial” do actual presidente.O próprio António Almeida Henriques já percebeu esse falhanço e mudou de conversa. Agora, em todas as oportunidades mediáticas, desdobra-se em anúncios e mais anúncios de obras físicas, a fazer algures no futuro. O problema é muitas destas promessas parecerem coelhos tirados à pressa da cartola. Por exemplo, o autarca de Viseu acaba de anunciar um mercado novo para daqui a dois/três anos, mas, ao mesmo tempo, teve que confessar que não sabe quanto é que ele vai custar e nem tão pouco tem o projecto pronto. 

Découvrons l'élaboration de l'affiche des 20kms de Paris - année 2019, le projet Bamiyan. Reportages VIP, acteur local à la culture internationale, diffuse sur la FM une première émission avec le peintre et réalisateur Patrick Pleutin. https://pleutin.fr/ Rencontre également avec le dessinateur Guillaume Albin - lors la Saintélyon 2019 - pour évoquer l'illustration et la bande dessinée "La Diagonale des Fous : Le Grand Raid de la Réunion" réalisée avec Fabrice Cifré et Cyril Vincent. Première émission réalisée durant le déconfinement. Prenez soin de vous en écoutant RVVS et évadez vous Reportages VIP !

Seit 2002 bemühen sich Denkmalschützer, darunter mehrere Bayern, um die Sicherung und Konservierung der Reste der einzigartigen Buddha-Statuen, die 2001 von Taliban-Kämpfern zerstört wurden. Carola Zinner folgte den Spuren der "Buddha-Bayern".

Afghanistan ist in den Medien meist nur mit düsteren Geschichten von Krieg und Gewalt präsent. Doch es gibt auch Lichtblicke, Beispiele dafür, dass die Zukunft für die Menschen im Land wieder mit Hoffnung verbunden ist.

Vor 10 Jahren zwangen die Taliban den Mechaniker Zaid Hussein zu einer schmutzigen Arbeit: Er musste Bohrlöcher für Sprengsätze in den Berg hauen. Wenig später sprengten die Taliban die weltberühmten überlebensgroßen Buddha-Statuen im Bamiyan Tal in die Luft.

Travel with me to the Bamiyan Valley in Northern Afghanistan to learn about the majestic (majestic!) Bamiyan Buddhas, two colossal statues of the Buddha that were blown up in 2001 because terrorists are dopes.

Rabbi Herzl Hefter, the Founder of Rosh Beit Midrash Har’el (www.har-el.org/), presents his Valley Beit Midrash lecture "Saving God From True Believers: (It’s the Least We Can Do for Him After Everything He Did for Us)" at before a roundtable audience at Congregation Or Tzion (www.congregationortzion.org) in Scottsdale, AZ. ABOUT THIS LECTURE: In 2001, the Taliban destroyed the two ancient Buddhas of Bamiyan in Afghanistan. How is Judaism different? Can we be both compassionate and committed? DONATE: bit.ly/1NmpbsP LEARNING MATERIALS: https://bit.ly/2sBxTfQ For more info, please visit: www.facebook.com/valleybeitmidrash/ www.facebook.com/temple.chai twitter.com/VBMTorah www.facebook.com/RabbiShmulyYanklowitz/ Music: "Watercolors" by John Deley and the 41 Players, a public domain track from the YouTube Audio Library.

With the furores this week over statues, we are republishing this debate from Battle of Ideas 2015. The Islamic State’s attacks on antiquities in Iraq and Syria have caused outrage worldwide. The systematic destruction of ancient archaeological ruins at Nimrud and Palmyra, artefacts at the museum of Mosul, early Christian churches and sacred Shia sites has raised almost as much ire internationally as IS’s barbaric execution of prisoners. Some have even suggested that attacks on cultural artefacts justify increased Western military intervention. The phenomenon has been widely attributed to IS’s strict Islamist doctrine and broad interpretation of what constitutes idolatry. Many have drawn parallels with similar acts of destruction by other Islamic fundamentalists, like the Taliban’s destruction of the Buddhas of Bamiyan in 2001 and the torching of large collections of fifteenth century manuscripts by Malian Islamists in Timbuktu in 2013.  Others have compared IS’s actions to the Christian destruction of idolatry in the Byzantine and Reformation periods, but IS’s war on the culture of the past seems driven by more than religious iconoclasm. Like the brutal beheadings and immolation of prisoners, the destruction of antiquities is designed to shock the West’s sensibilities while proving IS’s barbaric credentials. Destroying the vestiges of past cultures is a way of making a statement about the world IS would like forge.  Understandably, the destruction of irreplaceable relics from early civilizations inspires a special kind of indignation. Yet when contemporary societies try to expunge the past of things of which they disapprove, they face less criticism. This year, South Africa has seen campaigns and vandalism aimed at ridding the country of public symbols of its colonial past, notably statues of Cecil Rhodes and Queen Victoria. The campaign spread to Oxford University in the UK with students demanding the removal of a statues and portraits of Rhodes and former slave holders like Christopher Codrington. Elsewhere in the UK, there is increasing reticence about museum collections acquired during colonial adventures, notably that of the British Museum. While in Ukraine, the Kiev government has ordered the destruction of all Soviet-era statues. Is it a distortion to compare efforts in other countries to rid themselves of icons of colonialism, prejudice and unhealthy habits with IS’s war on civilisation itself? Or do we need to take a stand for preserving the relics of humanity’s past culture in all contexts, whether it makes us uncomfortable or not? Is it problematic that some seem more upset by the destruction of inanimate objects than murders carried out by the ISIS regime?  Does IS’s actions warrant military intervention or the formation of a transnational organisation to protect ancient cultural relics from destruction? What should be done? Speakers   Julian Baggini founding editor, the Philosophers' Magazine; author, Freedom Regained: the possibility of free will and The Ego Trick   Robert Bevan writer; heritage consultant; architecture critic for the London Evening Standard; author, The Destruction of Memory: architecture at war   Dr Tiffany Jenkins academic, columnist, author, Keeping Their Marbles: how treasures of the past ended up in museums and why they should stay there   Dr Sean Lang senior lecturer in history, Anglia Ruskin University; director, Better History Forum   Chair   Rossa Minogue resources editor, Institute of Ideas

Dina and the GSD team rendezvous with Afghan teens who have lost sight of what Afghanistan could be. Surrounded by decades of violence, instability, and poverty, these teens have no memories– or their parents for that matter– of what Afghanistan is like without war. So, they head to Bamiyan, a city in Afghanistan with rich history of the Silk Road, nestled in the mountains and covered with green valleys. It's just the trip these teens need to re-envision their future. (see operative responses at: https://gsdnetwork.net/gsd-podcast/afghanistan/make-afghanistan-great-again)

They Knew They Were Right. Labeling the "Taliban Wing" of the Progressive Movement. Does today's Intolerant Left share certain intellectual affinities with the Taliban of Afghanistan? We consider parallels through the lens of Mullah Omar's 2001 destruction of the ancient "Buddhas of Bamiyan" statues in the Hindu Kush. As the "book burning" Left wages its assault on Free Speech in America, we consider their pretzel-like justifications -- and note an alarming lack of sophistication. How do some Leftists execute the psychological journey from self-supposed purveyors of "tolerance" and "diversity" unto the actual outlawing of oppositional viewpoints? We listen to what Ann Coulter "would have" said had she not been banned from Berkeley, and find it altogether anodyne. Meanwhile, a new Morning Consult poll finds that President Trump is "more trusted" than the national political media. Plus, we offer vignettes on North Korea, the White House Correspondents' Dinner and last night's Kingston Trio concert in Denver. With Listener Calls & Music via Coldplay, REO Speedwagon, Doc Watson, Mother Maybelle Carter, the Nitty Gritty Dirt Band and the Afghan Ensemble.      See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.