Podcasts about last theorem

Terence Tao is widely considered to be one of the greatest mathematicians in history. He won the Fields Medal and the Breakthrough Prize in Mathematics, and has contributed to a wide range of fields from fluid dynamics with Navier-Stokes equations to mathematical physics & quantum mechanics, prime numbers & analytics number theory, harmonic analysis, compressed sensing, random matrix theory, combinatorics, and progress on many of the hardest problems in the history of mathematics. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep472-sc See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. Transcript: https://lexfridman.com/terence-tao-transcript CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Terence's Blog: https://terrytao.wordpress.com/ Terence's YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@TerenceTao27 Terence's Books: https://amzn.to/43H9Aiq SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Notion: Note-taking and team collaboration. Go to https://notion.com/lex Shopify: Sell stuff online. Go to https://shopify.com/lex NetSuite: Business management software. Go to http://netsuite.com/lex LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix. Go to https://drinkLMNT.com/lex AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drink. Go to https://drinkag1.com/lex OUTLINE: (00:00) - Introduction (00:36) - Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections (09:49) - First hard problem (15:16) - Navier–Stokes singularity (35:25) - Game of life (42:00) - Infinity (47:07) - Math vs Physics (53:26) - Nature of reality (1:16:08) - Theory of everything (1:22:09) - General relativity (1:25:37) - Solving difficult problems (1:29:00) - AI-assisted theorem proving (1:41:50) - Lean programming language (1:51:50) - DeepMind's AlphaProof (1:56:45) - Human mathematicians vs AI (2:06:37) - AI winning the Fields Medal (2:13:47) - Grigori Perelman (2:26:29) - Twin Prime Conjecture (2:43:04) - Collatz conjecture (2:49:50) - P = NP (2:52:43) - Fields Medal (3:00:18) - Andrew Wiles and Fermat's Last Theorem (3:04:15) - Productivity (3:06:54) - Advice for young people (3:15:17) - The greatest mathematician of all time PODCAST LINKS: - Podcast Website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast - Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr - Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 - RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ - Podcast Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4 - Clips Channel: https://www.youtube.com/lexclips

Join us for part two of our deep dive into the history of Fermat's Last Theorem.  In this episode, Pete and Noah focus on the fascinating story of Sophie Germain, a 19th century French mathematician who pursued a proof in the face of overwhelming obstacles.  Come learn about this impressive chapter in the saga of one of the most interesting problems in mathematical history. Leave us a voice message Find us on Twitter Send us an email

A few episodes back, our hosts talked about the great unsolved mathematical problems of our time, and Pete teased an interesting story about one such problem that was finally solved not too long ago.  In this first of a two-part episode, we dive into the fascinating  story of Fermat's Last Theorem...   from its inception, to Fermat's bold claim that he had a proof that he couldn't share, to the mathematical greats of yesteryear who took up the challenge to prove it.  Join us for a look into this intriguing conjecture, and its amazing history. Leave us a voice message Find us on Twitter Send us an email

For more than 350 years, a single problem stumped the world of mathematics.  The problem was extremely simple to state, yet it proved fiendishly difficult to prove.  For several centuries, bounties were placed on finding a solution, and many failed to prove it.  Finally, in 1994, seemingly out of nowhere, a proof was offered, but it was far cry from the initial promise of being simple. Learn more about Fermat's Last Theorem and its legacy in the world of mathematics on this episode of Everything Everywhere Daily. Sponsors Sign up at butcherbox.com/daily and use code daily to get chicken breast, salmon or ground beef FREE in every order for a year plus $20 off your first order! Subscribe to the podcast!  https://everything-everywhere.com/everything-everywhere-daily-podcast/ -------------------------------- Executive Producer: Charles Daniel Associate Producers: Ben Long & Cameron Kieffer   Become a supporter on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/everythingeverywhere Update your podcast app at newpodcastapps.com Discord Server: https://discord.gg/UkRUJFh Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/everythingeverywhere/ Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/everythingeverywheredaily Twitter: https://twitter.com/everywheretrip Website: https://everything-everywhere.com/  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

We discuss the hierarchy of the sciences, Fermat's Last Theorem, woke physicists, and Jew-hatred among many other fascinating topics. David's website: https://www.daviddeutsch.org.uk _______________________________________ If you appreciate my work and would like to support it: https://subscribestar.com/the-saad-truth https://patreon.com/GadSaad https://paypal.me/GadSaad To subscribe to my exclusive content on Twitter, please visit my bio at https://twitter.com/GadSaad _______________________________________ This clip was posted on November 11, 2024 on my YouTube channel as THE SAAD TRUTH_1763: https://youtu.be/ZcPExkCWzRM _______________________________________ Please visit my website gadsaad.com, and sign up for alerts. If you appreciate my content, click on the "Support My Work" button. I count on my fans to support my efforts. You can donate via Patreon, PayPal, and/or SubscribeStar. _______________________________________ Dr. Gad Saad is a professor, evolutionary behavioral scientist, and author who pioneered the use of evolutionary psychology in marketing and consumer behavior. In addition to his scientific work, Dr. Saad is a leading public intellectual who often writes and speaks about idea pathogens that are destroying logic, science, reason, and common sense.  _______________________________________  

In the latest episode of Living Proof, Dan Aspel speaks to Professor Kevin Buzzard of Imperial College London. Inspired by a lecture given by Thomas Hales at INI's Big Proof (https://www.newton.ac.uk/event/bpr/) programme in 2017, Kevin has spent the past seven years working alongside fellow enthusiasts on the “Maths Library” project. In this conversation he explains the project in detail, touching on why the programming language of Lean was chosen, and how it interacts with his recent five-year grant to check the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem.If you have been inspired by Kevin's story, make sure to visit the October 2024 INI research programme Big Specification (https://www.newton.ac.uk/event/bsp/), much of which will be available to watch via live stream on newton.ac.uk00:00 - Introduction00:48 - Welcome, explaining the concept behind the “Maths Library”, digitising mathematics04:20 - “It's like asking if a submarine can swim”07:55 - Harnessing the involvement of undergraduates09:45 - Discussing the motivation, end goals and challenges of the project17:28 - “The other question is: how far is it going to go? This is an ongoing topic of debate”20:21 - A minimal, pessimistic prediction of expected progress in 10 years' time29:30 - A five-year grant to prove Fermat's Last Theorem36:55 - “I'd like to think I'm making the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem more beautiful”38:48 - “The goal is to make tools that, together with AI techniques, will turn mathematics on its head”40:10 - Discussing “Lean” as a functional programming language44:50 - “The INI Big Proof programme (2017) changed my life completely” (https://www.newton.ac.uk/event/bpr/)52:50 - “If you hadn't streamed it, I never would have seen it”, a transformation from a “second-rate number theorist” to business class flights, four-star hotels and chauffeur-driven cars on an international lecture tour54:48 - “I still wake up every morning thinking ‘I want to prove Fermat's Last Theorem'”

Ojai Music Festival Artistic Director Ara Guzelimian brings his customary wisdom, wit and insight into a preview for this year's festival (June 6-9) with renowned pianist and conductor Mitsuko Uchida returning for her third time. Ojai, known for its daring programming, promises to stretch boundaries this year with a mix of familiar music (Haydn, Mozart) and modernists Webern, John Adams and John Zorn. Guzelimian talks about the massive amount of behind-the-scenes work that goes into the festival; finding housing for the artists, coordinating the volunteers and interns, the years-long lead time to pull together the talent and the programming, and the audiences who have come to adore the Ojai Music Festival for being the best at what it does in the world. We did not talk about "Baby Reindeer," this year's NFL schedule or Fermat's Last Theorem. Check out the Ojai Music Festival at OjaiFestival.org.

In this episode, the podcast delves into the transformative power of math, exploring how it can empower individuals, transcend physical limitations, and foster creativity and understanding. Through anecdotes like Chris's journey of mathematical discovery in prison and the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem, the discussion highlights how math can be a tool for personal growth and societal betterment. The focus shifts from coercive power to creative power, emphasizing its altruistic nature and its potential to uplift others.

He is an economist with the soul of a poet. He has studied number theory and is an expert on policy. He has studied Urdu and and dreams in shairi. Rohit Lamba joins Amit Varma in episode 378 of The Seen and the Unseen to discuss economics, politics, society and our human condition. (FOR FULL LINKED SHOW NOTES, GO TO SEENUNSEEN.IN.) Also check out: 1. Rohit Lamba links at Penn State, LinkedIn, Twitter, Google Scholar, YouTube and his own website. 2. Breaking the Mould: Reimagining India's Economic Future -- Raghuram Rajan and Rohit Lamba.  3. The Broken Script -- Swapna Liddle. 4. Swapna Liddle and the Many Shades of Delhi -- Episode 367 of The Seen and the Unseen. 5. Six More Stories That Should Be Films -- Episode 43 of Everything is Everything, which includes a chapter inspired by Swapna Liddle's book. 6. Wanderers, Kings, Merchants: The Story of India through Its Languages — Peggy Mohan. 7. Understanding India Through Its Languages — Episode 232 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Peggy Mohan). 8. The Life and Times of Ira Pande -- Episode 369 of The Seen and the Unseen. 9. The Price of Peace: Money, Democracy, and the Life of John Maynard Keynes -- Zachary D. Carter. 10. Fixing the Knowledge Society -- Episode 24 of Everything is Everything. 11. Robert Sapolsky's biology lectures on YouTube. 12. Episode of The Seen and the Unseen with Ramachandra Guha: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. 13. The Nurture Assumption — Judith Rich Harris. 14. Deepak VS and the Man Behind His Face -- Episode 373 of The Seen and the Unseen. 15. The Incredible Insights of Timur Kuran -- Episode 349 of The Seen and the Unseen. 16. Private Truths, Public Lies — Timur Kuran. 17. The Gentle Wisdom of Pratap Bhanu Mehta -- Episode 300 of The Seen and the Unseen. 18. 300 Ramayanas — AK Ramanujan. 19. Ramcharitmanas -- Tulsidas. 20. Savarkar and the Making of Hindutva -- Janaki Bakhle. 21. The Intellectual Foundations of Hindutva — Episode 115 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Aakar Patel). 22. Political Ideology in India — Episode 131 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Rahul Verma). 23. Religion and Ideology in Indian Society — Episode 124 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Suyash Rai). 24. Gita Press and the Making of Hindu India — Akshaya Mukul. 25. The Gita Press and Hindu Nationalism — Episode 139 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Akshaya Mukul). 26. India After Gandhi -- Ramachandra Guha. 27. Amitava Kumar Finds the Breath of Life — Episode 265 of The Seen and the Unseen. 28. Aadha Gaon — Rahi Masoom Raza. 29. The Rooted Cosmopolitanism of Sugata Srinivasaraju — Episode 277 of The Seen and the Unseen. 30. Postcard from Kashmir -- Agha Shahid Ali. 31. The Veiled Suite: The Collected Poems -- Agha Shahid Ali. 32. You Can Always Get There From Here -- Mark Strand. 33. Collected Poems — Mark Strand. 34. Variants of chess on chess.com. 35. The Tamilian gentleman who took on the world — Amit Varma on Viswanathan Anand. 36. The New World Upon Us — Amit Varma on Alpha Zero. 37. The Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle. 38. The History of the Planning Commission -- Episode 306 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Nikhil Menon). 39. The Life and Times of KP Krishnan -- Episode 355 of The Seen and the Unseen. 40. The Reformers -- Episode 28 of Everything is Everything. 41. Milton Friedman on Minimum Wage Laws. 42. Main Gautam Nahin Hoon -- Khalilur Rahman Azmi. 43. Lessons from Nirala's ballad for our battle with covid -- Rohit Lamba. 44. Poker and Life -- Episode 38 of Everything is Everything. 45. Range Rover — The archives of Amit Varma's column on poker for the Economic Times. 46. What is Populism? — Jan-Werner Müller. 47. The Populist Playbook -- Episode 42 of Everything is Everything. 48. The Tragedy of Our Farm Bills — Episode 211 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Ajay Shah). 49. Dynamism with Incommensurate Development: The Distinctive Indian Model -- Rohit Lamba and Arvind Subramanian. 50. List of Soviet and Russian leaders by height. 51. Narendra Modi takes a Great Leap Backwards — Amit Varma on Demonetisation. 52. Beware of the Useful Idiots — Amit Varma. 53. Number Theory. 54. Fermat's Last Theorem. 55. A Beautiful Mind -- Ron Howard. 56. The Life and Work of Ashwini Deshpande — Episode 298 of The Seen and the Unseen. 57. Dilip José Abreu: an elegant and creative economist -- Rohit Lamba. 58. The BJP Before Modi — Episode 202 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Vinay Sitapati). 59. The Forgotten Greatness of PV Narasimha Rao -- Episode 283 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Vinay Sitapati). 60. Ghummakkad Shastra -- Rahul Sankrityayan. 61. Jahnavi and the Cyclotron — Episode 319 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Jahnavi Phalkey). 62. The Looking-Glass Self. 63. Jo Bhi Main -- Song from Rockstar with lyrics by Irshad Kamil. 64. Ranjit Hoskote is Dancing in Chains — Episode 363 of The Seen and the Unseen. 65. Politically correct, passive-aggressive: How Indians in the US struggle to decode corporate speak -- Anahita Mukherji. 66. Lincoln -- Steven Spielberg. 67. The Life and Times of Montek Singh Ahluwalia — Episode 285 of The Seen and the Unseen. 68. The Economics and Politics of Vaccines — Episode 223 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Ajay Shah). 69. In Service of the Republic — Vijay Kelkar & Ajay Shah. 70. The Semiconductor Wars — Episode 358 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Pranay Kotasthane & Abhiram Manchi). 71. The Smile Curve. 72. Urban Governance in India — Episode 31 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Shruti Rajagopalan). 73. We Are Fighting Two Disasters: Covid-19 and the Indian State — Amit Varma. 74. The Child and the State in India -- Myron Weiner. 75. Where India Goes -- Diane Coffey and Deam Spears. 76. What's Wrong With Indian Agriculture? -- Episode 18 of Everything is Everything. 77. South India Would Like to Have a Word — Episode 320 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Nilakantan RS). 78. South vs North: India's Great Divide — Nilakantan RS. 79. Episodes of The Seen and the Unseen with Ashwin Mahesh: 1, 2, 3. 80. Maximum City -- Suketu Mehta. 81. Disgrace -- JM Coetzee. 82. Snow -- Pamuk. 83. Bahut Door, Kitna Door Hota Hai -- Manav Kaul. 84. Shakkar Ke Paanch Dane -- Manav Kaul.. 85. Poems: 1962–2020 -- Louise Glück. 86. Mahabharata. 87. राम की शक्ति-पूजा -- सूर्यकांत त्रिपाठी निराला. 88. Iqbal and Ahmad Faraz on Rekhta. 89. Ranjish Hi Sahi -- Ahmad Faraz. 90. Zindagi Se Yahi Gila Hai Mujhe -- Ahmad Faraz. 91. AR Rahman on Wikipedia and Spotify. This episode is sponsored by CTQ Compounds. Check out The Daily Reader and FutureStack. Use the code UNSEEN for Rs 2500 off. Amit's newsletter is explosively active again. Subscribe right away to The India Uncut Newsletter! It's free! Amit Varma and Ajay Shah have launched a new video podcast. Check out Everything is Everything on YouTube. Check out Amit's online course, The Art of Clear Writing. Episode art: ‘Pick a Tree' by Simahina.

NB: It turns out the first successful proof of Fermat's Last Theorem was published in 1995. I think I might have been thinking of the Twin Prime Conjecture…?For more SLEERICKETS, check out the SECRET SHOW and join the group chat!Wear SLEERICKETS t-shirts and hoodies. They look good!Some of the topics mentioned in this episode:– Losers: Dispatches from the Other Side of the Scoreboard, ed. Mary Pilon & Louisa Thomas (featuring an essay by Brian!)– They Studied Dishonesty. Was Their Work a Lie? by Gideon Lewis-Kraus– Francesca Gino's Rebuttal– Hasan Minhaj's Emotional Truths by Clare Malone– Hasan Minhaj's Response– A Suspense Novelist's Trail of Deceptions by Ian Parker– Jonah Lehrer– Malcolm Gladwell– Victor Lavalle's introduction to The Best of Richard Matheson– The Daemon Lover by Shirley Jackson– Why They Do It: Inside the Mind of the White-Collar Criminal by Eugene SoltesAlice: Poetry SaysBrian: @BPlatzerCameron: CameronWTC [at] hotmail [dot] comMatthew: sleerickets [at] gmail [dot] comMusic by ETRNLArt by Daniel Alexander SmithFrequent topics:– Joshua Mehigan– Shane McCrae– A. E. Stallings– Ryan Wilson– Austin Allen– Jonathan Farmer– Zara Raab– Ethan McGuire– Coleman Glenn– Alexis Sears– JP GrittonMore Ratbag Poetry Pods:Poetry SaysI Hate Matt WallVersecraftRatbag Poetics

So… OpenAI happened… and Bryan and Adam try it break it down with help from Steve Tuck and even more special guest Chuck McManis.In addition to Bryan Cantrill and Adam Leventhal, we were joined by variously special guests Steve Tuck and Chuck McManis.Some of the topics we hit on, in the order that we hit them: Hacker News: OpenAPI's board has fired Sam Altman Employee Letter to OpenAI's Board Who Controls OpenAI? by Matt Levine, the G.O.A.T. Axios: Who is Larry Summers, the controversial pick to join OpenAI's board Mike Olsen: What is a Board of Directors For? Fermat's Last Theorem (an + bn = cn only possible for n = 1 or n = 2)> I have discovered a truly marvelous proof of this, which this margin is too narrow to contain. - Fermat Homer vs. Fermat IBM and the Holocaust

If you'd like to buy me a coffee or donate you can do so over at ⁠⁠https://ko-fi.com/theunadulteratedintellect⁠⁠. I would seriously appreciate it! __________________________________________________ Sir Andrew John Wiles (born 11 April 1953) is an English mathematician and a Royal Society Research Professor at the University of Oxford, specializing in number theory. He is best known for proving Fermat's Last Theorem, for which he was awarded the 2016 Abel Prize and the 2017 Copley Medal by the Royal Society. He was appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 2000, and in 2018, was appointed the first Regius Professor of Mathematics at Oxford. Wiles is also a 1997 MacArthur Fellow. Audio source ⁠here⁠⁠ Full Wikipedia entry ⁠here⁠ --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/theunadulteratedintellect/support

"I think I'll stop here." This is how, on 23rd June 1993, Andrew Wiles ended his series of lectures at the Isaac Newton Institute (INI), our neighbour here at the Centre for Mathematical Sciences. The applause, so witnesses report, was thunderous. Wiles had just announced a proof that had eluded mathematicians for over 350 years: the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem. Wiles' announcement, 30 years ago today, was a thrilling moment in mathematical history. But Fermat's Last Theorem is not just the story of one person. Jack Thorne, who works on new mathematics that builds on Wiles' proof, told us that it is actually a story of people talking to each other over a period of centuries. To celebrate 30 years since that exciting moment, we were lucky enough to speak with Andrew Wiles and Jack Thorne, and also to Tom Körner, who was there the day Wiles announced the proof.   This is a special joint episode with the INI's Living Proof podcast, made in collaboration with our friend Dan Aspel, from the INI. You can find out more about Fermat's Last Theorem in the article that accompanies this podcast, and in this collection of further reading.   This podcast was produced as part of our collaboration with the Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences (INI) – you can find all the content from the collaboration here. The INI is an international research centre and our neighbour here on the University of Cambridge's maths campus. It attracts leading mathematical scientists from all over the world, and is open to all. Visit www.newton.ac.uk to find out more.

The 23rd of June 2023 marks exactly thirty years since Sir Andrew Wiles announced his historic first proof of Fermat's Last Theorem. He did so at the Isaac Newton Institute, during the culmination of three days of special lectures, delivered as part of the June 1993 L-functions and arithmetic programme - one of the first research meetings to take place at the recently founded INI. To mark this happy occasion, we - together with our colleagues at Plus magazine and the Maths on the move! podcast - present this short documentary. In it we speak not only to Wiles himself, but to others who were a part of this historic moment or whose work the proof continues to inspire.Find more, including a video interview with Andrew Wiles and accompanying article, right here: https://www.newton.ac.uk/news/ini-news/wiles-flt-30/ 

Join us for another watchalong episode of TNG, this time the season 2 dark horse favourite "The Royale". One note: Fermat's Last Theorem had a first proof published in 1995, only a few years after this episode.

Episode One Hundred and Thirty-Eight: Meander (2020)Méandre (2020)Proximity (2020)“Occasionally, I get a letter from someone who is in “contact” with extraterrestrials. I am invited to “ask them anything.” And so over the years I've prepared a little list of questions. The extraterrestrials are very advanced, remember. So I ask things like, “Please provide a short proof of Fermat's Last Theorem.” Or the Goldbach Conjecture. And then I have to explain what these are, because extraterrestrials will not call it Fermat's Last Theorem. So I write out the simple equation with the exponents. I never get an answer. On the other hand, if I ask something like “Should we be good?” I almost always get an answer.”― Carl Sagan, The Demon-Haunted World: Science as a Candle in the DarkLogo design by: https://www.fiverr.com/ideahitsIntro voiceover by: https://www.youtube.com/kevincrockerheyjameswatchthis@gmail.comFollow us @heyjameswatch

[Go to 16:23 to skip intro banter.] The resolution of Necerion, Whark’s poker game, and the rest of the plots and schemes at the gala. Will our pirate PCs ever know the part they have played in saving the world from the Doomsday Dawn? Download

Edward Frenkel is a mathematician at UC Berkeley working on the interface of mathematics and quantum physics. He is the author of Love and Math: The Heart of Hidden Reality. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: - House of Macadamias: https://houseofmacadamias.com/lex and use code LEX to get 20% off your first order - Shopify: https://shopify.com/lex to get free trial - ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod to get 3 months free EPISODE LINKS: Edward's Website: https://edwardfrenkel.com Edward's Book - Love and Math: https://amzn.to/40Bgxh0 Edward's Twitter: https://twitter.com/edfrenkel Edward's YouTube: https://youtube.com/edfrenkel Edward's Instagram: https://instagram.com/edfrenkel PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: - Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) - Introduction (05:54) - Mathematics in the Soviet Union (16:05) - Nature of reality (27:23) - Scientific discoveries (40:45) - Observing reality (56:57) - Complex numbers (1:05:42) - Imagination (1:13:33) - Pythagoreanism (1:21:28) - AI and love (1:34:07) - Gödel's Incompleteness Theorems (1:54:32) - Beauty in mathematics (1:59:02) - Eric Weinstein (2:20:57) - Langlands Program (2:27:36) - Edward Witten (2:30:41) - String theory (2:36:10) - Theory of everything (2:45:03) - Mathematics in academia (2:50:30) - How to think (2:56:16) - Fermat's Last Theorem (3:11:07) - Eric Weinstein and Harvard (3:18:32) - Antisemitism (3:38:45) - Mortality (3:46:42) - Love

Welcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: Why I'm not into the Free Energy Principle, published by Steven Byrnes on March 2, 2023 on LessWrong. 0. But first, some things I do like, that are appropriately emphasized in the FEP-adjacent literature I like the idea that in humans, the cortex (and the cortex specifically, in conjunction with the thalamus, but definitely not the whole brain IMO) has a generative model that's making explicit predictions about upcoming sensory inputs, and is updating that generative model on the prediction errors. For example, as I see the ball falling towards the ground, I'm expecting it to bounce; if it doesn't bounce, then the next time I see it falling, I'll expect it to not bounce. This idea is called “self-supervised learning” in ML. AFAICT this idea is uncontroversial in neuroscience, and is widely endorsed even by people very far from the FEP-sphere like Jeff Hawkins and Randall O'Reilly and Yann LeCun. Well at any rate, I for one think it's true. I like the (related) idea that the human cortex interprets sensory inputs by matching them to a corresponding generative model, in a way that's at least loosely analogous to probabilistic inference. For example, in the neon color spreading optical illusion below, the thing you “see” is a generative model that includes a blue-tinted solid circle, even though that circle is not directly present in the visual stimulus. (The background is in fact uniformly white.) I like the (related) idea that my own actions are part of this generative model. For example, if I believe I am about to stand up, then I predict that my head is about to move, that my chair is about to shift, etc.—and part of that is a prediction that my own muscles will in fact execute the planned maneuvers. So just to be explicit, the following seems perfectly fine to me: First you say “Hmm, I think maybe the thalamocortical system in the mammalian brain processes sensory inputs via approximate Bayesian inference”, and then you start doing a bunch of calculations related to that, and maybe you'll even find that some of those calculations involve a term labeled “variational free energy”. OK cool, good luck with that, I have no objections. (Or if I do, they're outside the scope of this post.) My complaint here is about the Free Energy Principle as originally conceived by Friston, i.e. as a grand unified theory of the whole brain, even including things like the circuit deep in your brainstem that regulates your heart rate. OK, now that we're hopefully on the same page about exactly what I am and am not ranting about, let the rant begin! 1. The Free Energy Principle is an unfalsifiable tautology It is widely accepted that FEP is an unfalsifiable tautology, including by proponents—see for example Beren Millidge, or Friston himself. By the same token, once we find a computer-verified proof of any math theorem, we have revealed that it too is an unfalsifiable tautology. Even Fermat's Last Theorem is now known to be a direct logical consequence of the axioms of math—arguably just a fancy way of writing 0=0. So again, FEP is an unfalsifiable tautology. What does that mean in practice? Well, It means that I am entitled to never think about FEP. Anything that you can derive from FEP, you can derive directly from the same (very basic and uncontroversial) underlying premises from which FEP itself can be proven, without ever mentioning FEP. So the question is really whether FEP is helpful. Here are two possible analogies: (1) Noether's Theorem (if the laws of physics have a symmetry, they also have a corresponding conservation law) is also an unfalsifiable tautology. (2) The pointless bit of math trivia 2592=2592 is also an unfalsifiable tautology. In both cases, I don't have to mention these facts. But in the case of (1)—but not (2)—I want to. More specifically, here's a very specific ...

Stephen Wolfram answers questions from his viewers about the history science and technology as part of an unscripted livestream series, also available on YouTube here: https://wolfr.am/youtube-sw-qa Questions include: I think that there has been a concerted and focused effort to give greater emphasis to STEM education since WWII. Has the history of science been left out in this process? - Nassim Taleb points out that engineering precedes theory, even in complicated projects such as jet propulsion. Can you think of historical counter-examples when theory preceded engineering? - Can you talk about some times in history when scientific knowledge was destroyed and why that occurred? - What is the history of Ivy League? Why are those universities so prestigious? - How does science progress from outside of the academic process? - What do you make of the work being undertaken to lab grow woolly mammoths in a collaboration between a team at Harvard and the company Colossal and its potential in curbing the thawing of permafrost to mitigate the impact of the release of all the built up carbon? - Do you believe that Fermat really solved Fermat's Last Theorem with a "truly marvelous demonstration", or was his solution probably not mathematically rigorous? - What is your opinion on polymathy in the modern age of specialization? - ​How has our understanding of time changed over history? - What do you think is the limit of human understanding, or is there a limit?

Dr. Anthony Vasaturo, assistant professor of mathematics, talks about Fermat's Last Theorem, which took more than 300 years to prove. Find out what it is, why a solution took so long, and some other problems that still challenge the world of mathematics.

Thank you for listening to The Lost Sci-Fi Podcast and thanks for your reviews and ratings. Special thanks to our new listeners in The Canary Islands, Iceland, Finland, South Africa, the Czech Republic and New Zealand. If we haven't mentioned your city, state or country send an email to scott@lostscifi.com and please let us know where you're from.We've added a 50 book bundle of audiobooks to lostscifi.com, 27 hours of vintage sci-fi! All 27 hours for only $9.88 when you use the promo code “podcast”. Buy it from anywhere in the world and the price will be adjusted for your currency. You've heard of the man who had everything, well today's author is the man who did everything! He accomplished far more in his life than most, yet he was a high school dropout. Born in November 1919 in New York, as is often the case, this science fiction author started out as a sci-fi fan.Along with Isaac Asimov, C.M. Kornbluth, and others he formed a group known as the Futurians which broke off from the Greater New York Science Fiction Club. The author once said and I quote, “We changed clubs the wayDetroitchanges tailfins, every year had a new one, and last year's was junk.”He would form lasting relationships with members of the group and many of them rose to sci-fi success.  Frederik Pohl's work was first published in 1937 and he began his career as a literary agent that same year. He was Isaac Asimov's agent, the only one he ever had, then he started editing not one, but two magazines, Astonishing Stories and Super Science Stories. He was only 20! His stories often appeared in these magazines but never under his own name. Stories he wrote with C.M. Kornbluth were credited to S. D. Gottesman or Scott Mariner, other stories were credited to Paul Dennis Lavond or, as is the case with today's story James MacCreigh. Then came World War II. Pohl served as an Army weatherman in Italy. After the war he wrote advertising copy, became a literary agent again, and started writing a lot, quite often with his friend C.M. Kornbluth.He would become an editor for two magazines again, this time, Galaxy and If, Worlds of science Fiction. Pohl won more than his share of awards, a Hugo for best magazine in 1966, 1967 and 1968. In 1976 he won the Nebula award given by the group now known as the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America. He won another Nebula the next year and a Hugo in 1978. There are simply too many awards to mention them all. He wrote more than 65 novels, more than 150 short stories and he kept writing. His last collaborative effort was 2008's The Last Theorem with Arthur C. Clarke and he won his last Hugo in 2010!Frederic Pohl died in September 2013 at the age of 93. Let's go back in time more than 72 years ago to the pages of Planet Stories magazine and listen to the words from a Sci-Fi Superstar, Let The Ants Try by Frederic PohlIn 1936 Pohl and around a dozen other sci-fi enthusiasts gathered in the back room of a bar in Philadelphia for what many regard as the world's first science fiction “convention.”Next week on The Lost Sci-Fi Podcast They opened the ruins to tourists at a dollar a head but they reckoned without The Old Martians.Thanks for listening and we hope you'll join us next week onThe Lost Sci-Fi Podcast, with at least one lost vintage sci-fi short story in every episode.

#009 - In this episode, we'll learn about a unique mathematician who's theorem remained unsolved for more than 300 years.This one simple math problem puzzled the community for years, frustrated many, and also saved a life.Join us as we go through the timeline of this problem and the ups and downs it faced throughout the years.To learn more, see the episode details and resources herehttps://somekindofmoment.com/fermats-last-theorem Check out our website for more content somekindofmoment.comFollow along on Instagram: @somekindofmomentOr if Twitter is your thing: @SKoM_Podcast

This interview was recorded for the GOTO Unscripted at CodeNode in London.http://gotopia.techRead the full transcription of this interview here:https://gotopia.tech/articles/fireside-chat-hannah-fry-simon-singh-kevlin-henneyHannah Fry - Mathematician, Science Presenter, Public Speaker and Bestselling AuthorSimon Singh - Author, Journalist and TV Producer Specializing in Science and MathematicsKevlin Henney - Consultant, Programmer, Keynote Speaker, Technologist, Trainer & WriterDESCRIPTIONWe invited Hannah Fry, Simon Singh and Kevlin Henney to a fireside chat about their math books.In this GOTO Unscripted you'll learn about their favorite numbers and equations as well as how humor and science go together. Lastly we will reveal who likes to cook their eggs in a microwave.RECOMMENDED BOOKSHannah Fry & Adam Rutherford • Complete Guide To Absolutely Everything • https://amzn.to/32gNCpBHannah Fry • Hello World • https://amzn.to/3eexiboHannah Fry &  Thomas Oléron Evans • The Indisputable Existence of Santa Claus • https://amzn.to/32q9EppSimon Singh • The Simpsons and Their Mathematical Secrets • https://amzn.to/3w9WcRsSimon Singh • Fermat's Last Theorem • https://amzn.to/3wekpG9Simon Singh • The Code Book • https://amzn.to/3k4RYFVSimon Singh • Big Bang • https://amzn.to/3bHsZnmSimon Singh & Edzard Ernst • Trick or Treatment • https://amzn.to/2ZThR4IKevlin Henney & Trisha Gee • 97 Things Every Java Programmer Should Know • https://amzn.to/3kiTwJJKevlin Henney • 97 Things Every Programmer Should Know • https://amzn.to/2Yahf9UHenney & Monson-Haefel • 97 Things Every Software Architect Should Know • https://amzn.to/3pZuHsQHenney, Buschmann & Schmidt • Pattern-Oriented Software Architecture Volume 4 • https://amzn.to/3k4SMurhttps://twitter.com/GOTOconhttps://www.linkedin.com/company/goto-https://www.facebook.com/GOTOConferencesLooking for a unique learning experience?Attend the next GOTO conference near you! Get your ticket at https://gotopia.techSUBSCRIBE TO OUR YOUTUBE CHANNEL - new videos posted almost daily.https://www.youtube.com/user/GotoConferences/?sub_confirmation=1

If you like what you hear, don't forget to Like, Share, and Subscribe, click the bell, and visit the links below! Contact TheeSherm/Site-42 at  SCPSite42@Gmail.com Follow on Twitter: https://twitter.com/TheeSherm Support the show, become a Patron! https://www.patreon.com/site42 Support the show, but more casually on Ko-Fi or Streamelements! https://www.ko-fi.com/theesherm https://streamelements.com/theesherm42/tip Want some Site-42 swag? Check out the store here! https://teespring.com/stores/site-42 Join the Site-42 Discord Server here: https://discord.gg/NWwFMwFuGp Check out TheeSherm's Author Page & Site-42 Hub on the wiki! http://www.scp-wiki.net/theesherm-site-42 SCP-6077: Fermi's Last Theorem Written by users pr0m37h3um & Azamo, original text can be found here: https://scp-wiki.wikidot.com/scp-6077 Check out their Author Pages here: https://scp-wiki.wikidot.com/pr0m37h3um-s-author-page https://scp-wiki.wikidot.com/azamo Content relating to the SCP Foundation, including the SCP Foundation logo, is licensed under Creative Commons Sharealike 3.0 and all concepts originate from http://www.scp-wiki.net. This page's art and graphic design is the work of John Maddocks, and is released under the same license. Sound Effects Attributions Music by Adrian von Ziegle https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ifQ3JRS4gqc&ab_channel=AdrianvonZiegler This Audio Reading was edited by Charles Cardot.

This interview was recorded for the GOTO Book Club at CodeNode in London.http://gotopia.tech/bookclubSimon Singh - Author of "Fermat's Last Theorem" & "The Simpsons and Their Mathematical Secrets" and many more booksKevlin Henney - Author of "97 Things Every Programmer Should Know" & Co-Editor of "97 Things Every Java Programmer Should Know" and many more booksDESCRIPTIONMath is all around us, you just need to look for it. And look he did. In this GOTO Book Club episode, Simon Singh, author of the best-sellers "Fermat's Last Theorem," "The Code Book," and "Big Bang" gives fascinating insights into the mathematical secrets embedded in the celebrated TV series The Simpsons. You'll learn how Simon started on the path to writing this story, and why he thinks it will be his last book.The interview is based on Simon's book "The Simpsons and Their Mathematical Secrets": https://amzn.to/3w9WcRsRead the full transcription of the interview here:https://gotopia.tech/bookclub/episodes/from-fermats-last-theorem-to-the-simpsons-and-their-mathematical-secretsRECOMMENDED BOOKSSimon Singh • The Simpsons and Their Mathematical Secrets • https://amzn.to/3w9WcRsSimon Singh • Fermat's Last Theorem • https://amzn.to/3wekpG9Simon Singh • The Code Book • https://amzn.to/3k4RYFVSimon Singh • Big Bang • https://amzn.to/3bHsZnmSimon Singh & Edzard Ernst • Trick or Treatment • https://amzn.to/2ZThR4IKevlin Henney & Trisha Gee • 97 Things Every Java Programmer Should Know • https://amzn.to/3kiTwJJKevlin Henney • 97 Things Every Programmer Should Know • https://amzn.to/2Yahf9UHenney & Monson-Haefel • 97 Things Every Software Architect Should Know • https://amzn.to/3pZuHsQHenney, Buschmann & Schmidt • Pattern-Oriented Software Architecture Volume 4 • https://amzn.to/3k4SMurhttps://twitter.com/GOTOconhttps://www.linkedin.com/company/goto-https://www.facebook.com/GOTOConferencesLooking for a unique learning experience?Attend the next GOTO conference near you! Get your ticket at https://gotopia.techSUBSCRIBE TO OUR YOUTUBE CHANNEL - new videos posted almost daily.https://www.youtube.com/user/GotoConferences/?sub_confirmation=1

Welcome to The Nonlinear Library, where we use Text-to-Speech software to convert the best writing from the Rationalist and EA communities into audio. This is: The Goldbach conjecture is probably correct; so was Fermat's last theorem, published by Stuart Armstrong on the AI Alignment Forum. EDIT: Added a section on Euler's conjecture. The Goldbach conjecture is likely The Goldbach conjecture is that "every even integer above two is the sum of two primes". For example, 4 2 2 6 3 3 8 5 3 , and so on. Though this is a mathematically precise statement, we can talk about the "probability" of it begin correct. How so? Well, by the prime number theorem, the probability of a random number less than N being prime, is 1 log N . So if we sum up all the primes less than N , we get N log N 2 different sums; these sums will be less than 2 N So, is N itself is one of these sums? Well, the "probability" that it's not the total of any given sum is 1 − 1 2 N ; therefore the probability of it being the total of none of the sums is: 1 − 1 2 N N log N 2 1 − 1 2 N 2 N N 2 log N 2 ≈ 1 e N 2 log N 2 So the probability of N being the total of such a sum is roughly: 1 − e − N 2 log N 2 Therefore, the probability of all numbers N being the total of such a sum is roughly: p 2 ∞ ∏ N 2 1 − e − N 2 log N 2 Now, the infinite product p 2 converges to a non-zero number if and only if the sum ∑ ∞ N 1 e − N 2 log N 2 converges to a finite number. That series can be seen to be convergent (for example, by noting that e − N 2 log N 2 1 N 2 for large enough N and using the comparison test). If use computers to get an estimate of p 2 , we get a pretty low probability. However, most of that improbability mass is on the low numbers, and the Goldbach conjecture has been tested up to 4 × 10 18 . So, if we assume it's valid up to 1000 , we numerically get: p 1000 ∞ ∏ N 1000 1 − e − N 2 log N 2 ≈ 0.9961. So the Goldbach conjecture is pretty likely, and, the more examples we discover where it holds, the more likely it is to hold all the way to infinity. "Probabilities" of logical facts The above reasoning seems dubious. The primes are not defined by random sampling among the natural numbers; quite to the contrary, they come from a mathematical rule of extreme precision. So what do these probabilities mean? Let X be an infinite set of numbers, selected from the natural numbers in a way that looks like the prime number theorem (eg the n -th number is approximately n log n ). Then what we've shown is that, if such an X obeys the " X -Goldbach conjecture" up to 1000 , then we'd expect it to go all the way to infinity. Thus the Goldbach conjecture can be restated as "in terms of sums of two elements, the prime numbers behave like a typical sequence selected in a prime-number-theorem way". So the Goldbach conjecture is not saying that there is something special about the primes; in fact, it's saying the opposite, that the primes are typical of similar sequences, that nothing in the specific ways that the primes are selected has an impact on the sum of two primes. So the Goldbach conjecture is essentially saying "there is no obstruction to the primes being typical in this way". One obstruction Did you notice that, so far, at no point did I require N to be an even number? But all the primes except for 2 are odd. So the distribution of sums of primes is very (very!) heavily skewed towards even numbers; most odd numbers will not appear at all. So, that is one clear obstruction to the possible values of the sum, coming from the way the primes are constructed. The Goldbach conjecture is therefore saying that there are no additional obstructions beyond this one condition on parity. In fact, the Goldbach conjecture has changed; 1 used to be seen as a prime number, and the original conjecture included 2 1 1 as another example Then 1 was removed from the list of prime numbers, and it turned out, as far as we can tell, that 2 was the only even number we lost from the list of sums. If we ...

Oxide and Friends Twitter Space: September 27th, 2021The Books in the BoxWe've been holding a Twitter Space weekly on Mondays at 5p for about an hour. Even though it's not (yet?) a feature of Twitter Spaces, we have been recording them all; here is the recording for our Twitter Space for September 27th, 2021.In addition to Bryan Cantrill and Adam Leventhal, speakers on September 27th included Tom Lyon, Dan Cross, Antranig Vartanian Simeon Miteff Matt Campbell, Jeremy Tanner, Joshua Clulow, Ian, Tim Burnham, and Nathaniel Reindl. (Did we miss your name and/or get it wrong? Drop a PR!)Some of the topics we hit on, in the order that we hit them: Not recommended :-(  Dave Hitz and Pat Walsh (2008) How to Castrate a Bull book Peter Thiel (2014) Zero to One book [@2:45](https://youtu.be/zrZAHO89XGk?t=165) David Jacques Gerber (2015) The Inventor's Dilemma: The Remarkable Life of H. Joseph Gerber book [@7:21](https://youtu.be/zrZAHO89XGk?t=441) Sidney Dekker (2011) Drift into Failure: From Hunting Broken Components to Understanding Complex Systems book [@13:08](https://youtu.be/zrZAHO89XGk?t=788) Robert Buderi (1996) The Invention that Changed the World: The Story of Radar from War to Peace book MIT Rad Lab Series info Nuclear Magnetic Resonance wiki Richard Rhodes (1995) Dark Sun: The Making of the Hydrogen Bomb book Michael Riordan and Lillian Hoddeson (1997) Crystal Fire: The Birth of the Information Age book Craig Canine (1995) Dream Reaper: The Story of an Old-Fashioned Inventor in the High-Tech, High-Stakes World of Modern Agriculture book David Fisher and Marshall Fisher (1996) Tube: The Invention of Television book Michael Hiltzik (2015) Big Science: Ernest Lawrence and the Invention that Launched the Military-Industrial Complex book [@18:05](https://youtu.be/zrZAHO89XGk?t=1085) Ben Rich and Leo Janos (1994) Skunk Works: A Personal Memoir of My Years at Lockheed book Network Software Environment Lockheed SR-71 on display at the Sea, Air and Space Museum in NYC. [@26:52](https://youtu.be/zrZAHO89XGk?t=1612) Brian Dear (2017) The Friendly Orange Glow: The Untold Story of the Rise of Cyberculture book [@30:15](https://youtu.be/zrZAHO89XGk?t=1815) Randall Stross (1993) Steve Jobs and the NeXT Big Thing book [@32:21](https://youtu.be/zrZAHO89XGk?t=1941) Christophe Lécuyer and David C. Brock (2010) Makers of the Microchip: A Documentary History of Fairchild Semiconductor book [@33:06](https://youtu.be/zrZAHO89XGk?t=1986) Lamont Wood (2012) Datapoint: The Lost Story of the Texans Who Invented the Personal Computer Revolution book Charles Kenney (1992) Riding the Runaway Horse: The Rise and Decline of Wang Laboratories bookTom's tweet [@34:06](https://youtu.be/zrZAHO89XGk?t=2046) Bryan's Lost Box of Books! Edgar H. Schein et al (2003) DEC is Dead, Long Live DEC: The Lasting Legacy of Digital Equipment Corporation book [@36:56](https://youtu.be/zrZAHO89XGk?t=2216) Alan Payne (2021) Built to Fail: The Inside Story of Blockbuster's Inevitable Bust bookVideotape format war wiki Hackers (1995) movie. Watch the trailer ~2mins Steven Levy (1984) Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution book [@42:32](https://youtu.be/zrZAHO89XGk?t=2552) Paul Halmos (1985) I Want to be a Mathematician: An Automathography book Paul Hoffman (1998) The Man Who Loved Only Numbers about Paul Erdős book 1981 text adventure game for the Apple II by Sierra On-Line, “Softporn Adventure” (wiki) [@49:16](https://youtu.be/zrZAHO89XGk?t=2956) Douglas Engelbart The Mother of All Demos wikiJohn Markoff (2005) What the Dormouse Said: How the Sixties Counterculture Shaped the Personal Computer Industry book Katie Hafner and Matthew Lyon (1998) Where Wizards Stay Up Late book 1972 Computer Networks: The Heralds of Resource Sharing documentary ~26mins (wiki) included big names like Corbató, Licklider and Bob Kahn. Gordon Moore (1965) Cramming more components onto integrated circuits paper and Moore's Law wiki [@52:37](https://youtu.be/zrZAHO89XGk?t=3157) Physicists, mathematicians, number theory, proofs  Wiles's proof of Fermat's Last Theorem 1993 wiki Simon Singh (1997) Fermat's Last Theorem book Ronald Calinger (2015) Leonhard Euler: Mathematical Genius in the Enlightenment purports to be the first full-scale “comprehensive and authoritative” biography [@1:00:12](https://youtu.be/zrZAHO89XGk?t=3612) Robert X. Cringely (1992) Accidental Empires: How the Boys of Silicon Valley Make Their Millions, Battle Foreign Competition, and Still Can't Get a Date book Jerry Kaplan (1996) Startup: A Silicon Valley Adventure book Brian Kernighan (2019) UNIX: A History and a Memoir book [@1:03:03](https://youtu.be/zrZAHO89XGk?t=3783) Douglas Coupland (1995) Microserfs book Douglas Coupland (1991) Generation X: Tales for an Accelerated Culture book Fry's Electronics wiki [@1:06:49](https://youtu.be/zrZAHO89XGk?t=4009) Michael A. Hiltzik (1999) Dealers of Lightning: Xerox PARC and the Dawn of the Computer Age book Albert Cory (pen name for Bob Purvy) (2021) Inventing the Future bookXerox Star wiki [@1:11:20](https://youtu.be/zrZAHO89XGk?t=4280) Corporate espionage, VMWare and Parallels, Cadence v. Avanti wiki, Cisco and Huawei (article) If we got something wrong or missed something, please file a PR! Our next Twitter space will likely be on Monday at 5p Pacific Time; stay tuned to our Twitter feeds for details. We'd love to have you join us, as we always love to hear from new speakers!

Dr Vicky Neale is the Whitehead Lecturer at the Mathematical Institute and Balliol College at the University of Oxford. She is also a Supernumerary Fellow at Balliol and the author of two great books aimed at general audiences, namely ‘Closing the Gap' and ‘Why Study Mathematics?'. Vicky Neale is a great communicator of Mathematics. She was given an MPLS Teaching Award in 2016 and she also won an award for being the Most Acclaimed Lecturer in MPLS in the student-led Oxford University Student Union Teaching Awards 2015.Follow her on Twitter: @VickyMaths1729 For some clear proofs of a selection of mathematical theorems, check out her YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCBGhXXBCAzbzQV65JZoGhjw and her blog https://theoremoftheweek.wordpress.com/ Conversation Outline: 00:00 Guest Introduction01:05 Vicky's mathematical background04:13 Motivations for writing a book on reasons to study mathematics07:11 Are good reasons for studying Mathematics timeless? Would this book have more or less the same contents, had it been written many years ago? 10:10 Is the job of pure mathematicians safe from AI developments?12:13 What are the benefits (for the non-mathematician) of knowing about mathematical notions such as integrals, derivatives, matrices and so on? 15:39 Are some people more mathematically talented than others? 18:45 Does the discussion of talent change when we are talking about research-level Mathematics? Douglas Hofstadter's experience.22:45 Aesthetics of Mathematics25:00 Is Number Theory more beautiful than other mathematical subfields? 25:52 A mathematician's view of the metaphysics of numbers27:58 Fermat's Last Theorem, Andrew Wiles and finding meaning in Mathematics29:26 FLT and the Twin Prime Conjecture32:27 Should graduate students tackle famous open problems?33:41 Closing the Gap: significant progress towards solving the Twin Prime Conjecture35:10 Polymath: an example of collaborative Mathematics39:40 Do we have reasons to believe that the Twin Prime Conjecture is actually true?Enjoy!Apple Podcasts:https://podcasts.apple.com/gb/podcast/philosophical-trials/id1513707135Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/3Sz88leU8tmeKe3MAZ9i10Google Podcasts:https://podcasts.google.com/?q=philosophical%20trialsInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/tedynenu/

Professor Richard Wiseman has been described as ‘…one of the most interesting and innovative experimental psychologists in the world today.’  His books have sold over 3 million copies and he presents keynote talks to organisations across the world, including The Swiss Economic Forum, Google and Amazon.He holds Britain’s only Professorship in the Public Understanding of Psychology at the University of Hertfordshire and is one of the most followed psychologists on Twitter.Street Magician to Psychology Professor Richard starts the podcast by talking about becoming completely hooked on magic at a young age. Whilst working in Covent Garden as a street magician,  Richard happened upon a magic book which described the similarities between magicians and psychologists. So began his interest in psychology. After completing his undergraduate degree at University College London (UCL), he went to Edinburgh University to work on a PhD looking at psychics and mediums as the team wanted someone with a background in the psychology of deception and magic. Upon completing that, Richard accepted a Lectureship at the University of Hertfordshire where he is now a professor. Public Understanding of PsychologyThrough work for radio and the BBC around identifying truth and lies, Richard talks about meeting two people that hugely impacted his career; Roger Highfield, who was the Science Editor at The Telegraph at the time and now is heavily involved in the Science Museum, and also Simon Singh, author of Fermat's Last Theorem. Putting ideas to paperRichard shares what he learnt from some time working in advertising, how to reframe and the importance of authenticity as a writer. In line with this, he talks about his book, The Luck Factor, looking at the psychology of luck. From this, he identified that small interventions can have big impact, which evolved into 59 seconds; think a little, change a lot. Behavioural ScienceRichard discusses how all the talks he gives are essentially about getting people to change, through simple interventions or 'opening the door' in a fun way. From these concepts, he wrote 'Rip it Up' about lifestyle change and during Covid-19, helped design a game where the more you kept away from people, the more lives you saved called 'Can you save the World?'.Richard talks about 'being expansive', working with Derren Brown who takes the audience on a journey from what seems a small idea through to what becomes a massive conclusion enthralling an entire audience. Takeaway Advice Richard leaves us with advice to find your passionate, be authentic and have a big vision. Don't be constrained by what others have done in the past and fundamentally, if you have a great idea, it will sell itself.   Contact Twitter @RichardWiseman CBC profile

Fermat’s Last Theorem is easy to state but has taken over 300 years to prove. Fermat’s supposed “marvelous proof” has been a magnet for crackpots and obsessed mathematicians, leading through a treasure hunt across almost all branches of mathematics. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/the-art-of-mathematics/message

In today's episode, Amy Winder tells us about Andrew Wiles and how he solved the centuries old mathematical puzzle of Fermat's Last Theorem.    To find out more about Wakefield Litfest, find us on twitter @wakeylitfest or on Instagram @wakefieldlitfest or search for us on Facebook.

Stephen Wolfram answers general questions from his viewers about science and technology as part of an unscripted livestream series. Questions include: Why is the P=NP problem considered so difficult to solve? - How can they solve Fermat's Last Theorem? - How many hours do you spend reading everyday? - How do I learn something? - Do you prefer to read on paper or on a screen? - How often do you use the book "A latin Dictionary Lewis and short" doing science? Is it useful? See the full Q&A video playlist: https://wolfr.am/youtube-sw-qa

Arctic explorer & ocean conservationist, Pen Hadow, reveals what it took to become the first person to trek solo from Canada to the North Pole, on his third attempt. “This is what the whole challenge is about, it’s not about the easy stuff, it’s about how you deal with the really hard stuff … We are all different … Have confidence in who you are and what you can do and bring to the table, and resist the herd mentality and the need to be like everyone else” See below for Pen's favourite: Place: https://www.google.com/maps/place/Pentire+Point/@50.587328,-4.9360756,15.3z/data=!4m8!1m2!2m1!1sPentire+Cove,+north+of+Polzeath!3m4!1s0x0:0x50e4a6e405f115f9!8m2!3d50.5870497!4d-4.9340469 (Pentire Cove, north of Polzeath, Cornwall) Music: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tWoFaPwbzqE (Brahms Piano concerto no. 2 in B flat major ) or https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y3ixEzKA4k0 (Loaded by Primal Scream ) Book: https://www.amazon.co.uk/Fermats-Last-Theorem-Confounded-Greatest/dp/1841157910 (Fermat's Last Theorem by Simon Singh )

Why Science Does Not Disprove God by Amir Aczel Dennis Prager talks to the author. The renowned science writer, mathematician, and bestselling author of Fermat's Last Theorem masterfully refutes the overreaching claims the "New Atheists," providing millions of educated believers with a clear, engaging explanation of what science really says, how there's still much space for the Divine in the universe, and why faith in both God and empirical science are not mutually exclusive.A highly publicized coterie of scientists and thinkers, including Richard Dawkins, the late Christopher Hitchens, and Lawrence Krauss, have vehemently contended that breakthroughs in modern science have disproven the existence of God, asserting that we must accept that the creation of the universe came out of nothing, that religion is evil, that evolution fully explains the dazzling complexity of life, and more. In this much-needed book, science journalist Amir Aczel profoundly disagrees and conclusively demonstrates that science has not, as yet, provided any definitive proof refuting the existence of God.Why Science Does Not Disprove God is his brilliant and incisive analyses of the theories and findings of such titans as Albert Einstein, Roger Penrose, Alan Guth, and Charles Darwin, all of whose major breakthroughs leave open the possibility— and even the strong likelihood—of a Creator. Bolstering his argument, Aczel lucidly discourses on arcane aspects of physics to reveal how quantum theory, the anthropic principle, the fine-tuned dance of protons and quarks, the existence of anti-matter and the theory of parallel universes, also fail to disprove God.--------------------------------------------------------------------  Visit Pragertopia  https://pragertopia.com/member/signup.php  The first month is 99 cents. After the first month the cost is $7.50 per month. If you can afford to pay for only one podcast, this is the one we recommend. It is the best conservative radio show out there, period. ACU strongly recommends ALL ACU students and alumni subscribe to Pragertopia. Do it today! You can listen to Dennis from 9 a.m. to Noon (Pacific) Monday thru Friday, live on the Internet  http://www.dennisprager.com/pages/listen  ------------------------------------------------------------------------For a great archive of Prager University videos visit-https://www.youtube.com/user/PragerUniversity/featured Donate today to PragerU! http://l.prageru.com/2eB2p0hGet PragerU bonus content for free! https://www.prageru.com/bonus-contentDownload Pragerpedia on your iPhone or Android! Thousands of sources and facts at your fingertips. iPhone: http://l.prageru.com/2dlsnbG Android: http://l.prageru.com/2dlsS5eJoin Prager United to get new swag every quarter, exclusive early access to our videos, and an annual TownHall phone call with Dennis Prager! http://l.prageru.com/2c9n6ysJoin PragerU's text list to have these videos, free merchandise giveaways and breaking announcements sent directly to your phone! https://optin.mobiniti.com/prageruDo you shop on Amazon? Click https://smile.amazon.com and a percentage of every Amazon purchase will be donated to PragerU. Same great products. Same low price. Shopping made meaningful. VISIT PragerU! https://www.prageru.comFOLLOW us! Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/prageruTwitter: https://twitter.com/prageruInstagram: https://instagram.com/prageru/PragerU is on Snapchat! JOIN PragerFORCE! For Students: http://l.prageru.com/2aozfkPJOIN our Educators Network! http://l.prageru.com/2aoz2y9 --------------------------------------------------------------------   The Rational Bible: Exodus by Dennis Prager  NATIONAL BESTSELLER "Dennis Prager has put together one of the most stunning commentaries in modern times on the most profound document in human history. It's a must-read that every person, religious and non-religious, should buy and peruse every night before bed. It'll make you think harder, pray more ardently, and understand your civilization better." — Ben Shapiro, host of "The Ben Shapiro Show" "Dennis Prager’s commentary on Exodus will rank among the greatest modern Torah commentaries. That is how important I think it is. And I am clearly not alone... It might well be on its way to becoming the most widely read Torah commentary of our time—and by non-Jews as well as by Jews." — Rabbi Joseph Telushkin, bestselling author of Jewish Literacy Why do so many people think the Bible, the most influential book in world history, is outdated? Why do our friends and neighbors – and sometimes we ourselves – dismiss the Bible as irrelevant, irrational, immoral, or all of these things? This explanation of the Book of Exodus, the second book of the Bible, will demonstrate that the Bible is not only powerfully relevant to today’s issues, but completely consistent with rational thought. Do you think the Bible permitted the trans-Atlantic slave trade? You won’t after reading this book. Do you struggle to love your parents? If you do, you need this book. Do you doubt the existence of God because belief in God is “irrational?” This book will give you reason after reason to rethink your doubts. The title of this commentary is, “The Rational Bible” because its approach is entirely reason-based. The reader is never asked to accept anything on faith alone. As Prager says, “If something I write does not make rational sense, I have not done my job.” The Rational Bible is the fruit of Dennis Prager’s forty years of teaching the Bible to people of every faith, and no faith. On virtually every page, you will discover how the text relates to the contemporary world and to your life. His goal: to change your mind – and then change your life. Highly Recommended by ACU.Purchase his book at-https://www.amazon.com/Rational-Bible-Exodus-Dennis-Prager/dp/1621577724  The Rational Bible: Genesis by Dennis Prager USA Today bestsellerPublishers Weekly bestsellerWall Street Journal bestseller Many people today think the Bible, the most influential book in world history, is not only outdated but irrelevant, irrational, and even immoral. This explanation of the Book of Genesis, the first book of the Bible, demonstrates clearly and powerfully that the opposite is true. The Bible remains profoundly relevant—both to the great issues of our day and to each individual life. It is the greatest moral guide and source of wisdom ever written. Do you doubt the existence of God because you think believing in God is irrational? This book will give you many reasons to rethink your doubts. Do you think faith and science are in conflict? You won’t after reading this commentary on Genesis. Do you come from a dysfunctional family? It may comfort you to know that every family discussed in Genesis was highly dysfunctional! The title of this commentary is “The Rational Bible” because its approach is entirely reason-based. The reader is never asked to accept anything on faith alone. In Dennis Prager’s words, “If something I write is not rational, I have not done my job.”The Rational Bible is the fruit of Dennis Prager’s forty years of teaching the Bible—whose Hebrew grammar and vocabulary he has mastered—to people of every faith and no faith at all. On virtually every page, you will discover how the text relates to the contemporary world in general and to you personally. His goal: to change your mind—and, as a result, to change your life. Highly Recommended by ACU.Purchase his book at-https://www.amazon.com/Rational-Bible-Genesis-Dennis-Prager/dp/1621578984 --------------------------------------------------------------------  HELP ACU SPREAD THE WORD! Ways to subscribe to the American Conservative University PodcastClick here to subscribe via iTunesClick here to subscribe via RSSYou can also subscribe via StitcherIf you like this episode head on over to iTunes and kindly leave us a rating, a review and subscribe! People find us through our good reviews. FEEDBACK + PROMOTIONYou can ask your questions, make comments, submit ideas for shows and lots more. Let your voice be heard.Email us at americanconservativeuniversity@americanconservativeuniversity.comNote- ACU Students and Alumni are asked to commit to donating Platelets and Plasma.  Make an Appointment Today! Call Your local Hospital or The Red Cross at 1-800-733-2767  

It's a dark and stormy night and we're breaking the bank at "The Royale"!Podcaster and Daily Star Trek News host Alison Pitt joins the show this week to discuss an episode of Star Trek: The Next Generation that takes a break from utopian space science fiction to play a little craps. When Riker and his away team step through a mysterious revolving door, they find themselves trapped in a living pulp novel. Now, they'll have to find a way to escape the Royale or they'll end up as dead as the bellboy!One of the benefits of a weekly format is that it lets Star Trek expand beyond its premise and explore storytelling in other genres and formats. "The Royale" is great not only because it's incredibly fun, but also because it allows a storied franchise like Star Trek to sample from and comment on other forms of pop literature. On this episode, we talk about the merits of genre fiction, the tensions behind-the-scenes that sparked creativity on early TNG, why Trek should "go funny" more often, the way holodeck and fantasy episodes bring metafictional elements to the franchise, and Trek's strategy for turning young viewers into life-long fans. We also discuss the thin distinctions between pulp and sci-fi, solving Fermat's Last Theorem, uplifting fan voices, missing "silly" episodes, Texas the serial killer, having a "comedy guy/girl" on your staff, cribbing from "2001", the perils of first contact, "fixing" your die, a human terrarium, googling "playwrights -shakespeare", Captain Picard using audible, Pulaski is Riker's new mom, Chief Quip Officer, Alison talks about how Star Trek Online makes a meal out of Trek canon, and Aaron has an idea for a "Royale" sequel series!When the train comes in, EVERYBODY rides!Follow Alison on Twitter and listen to Daily Star Trek News!https://twitter.com/adastra1930https://dailystartreknews.com/https://alisonpitt.comLearn the story behind your favorite Trek stories with Backtrekking!http://www.twitter.com/backtrekkingShow us your car on Facebook and Twitter and the Just Enough Trope Discord!http://www.facebook.com/eistpodhttp://www.twitter.com/eistpodhttps://discord.gg/UeytGNPBuy us a hotel on Patreon and Ko-Fi!http://www.patreon.com/eistpodhttps://ko-fi.com/E1E01M2UASubscribe to the show on iTunes!https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/enterprising-individuals/id1113165661?mt=2

Ripped from the headlines, as Dick Wolf is wont to say, we present to you the most timely of discussions. Of course, Walker takes us down theoretical tangents once again, whereas Mark rolls his eyes and tried to keep things on track--the standard roles that our hosts always seem to fall into. In Walker's defense, the Kool-Aid Man is a pressing philosophical issue. Fortunately, boardgaming has resolved the thorny matter of his (its?) identity; with such a success, surely Fermat's Last Theorem could have been resolved by boardgames had that nerd Wiles not solved it first. Nerd.AYURIS: Claustrophobia 1m54s (CROC, Asmodee, 2009)Games Played Last Week:-Jetpack Joyride 6m07s (Michał Gołębiowski, Lucky Duck Games, 2019)-Horizon Wars: Zero Dark 9m40s (Robey Jenkins, Self-published, 2020)-Dragon Master: BGG Convention Promo 14m58s (Reiner Knizia, Victory Point Games, 2015)-Hellboy: The Board Game 18m58s (James M. Hewitt & Sophie Williams, Mantic Games, 2019)-ELO Darkness 22m11s (Tommaso Mondadori & Alberto Parisi, Reggie Games, 2018)News (and why it doesn't matter):-Quid est homo Kool-Aid? 27m12s-Our hobby under COVID-19: Check Reddit 30m41s-Walker's roundup: Gears of War, Robot Quest, cons cancelled 32m20s-Starlight: A tale of Shakespearean scope? 33m20sSVWAG Scheduling Statement: 35m18sTopic: Social Distancing 38m19s

In the conclusion to our Fermat trilogy, we dive deeper into the saga of the Last Theorem as we attempt to answer the following questions.How can a library save your life? How do you win a deal with the devil?What do either of these have to do with math?Let us know your thoughts.  Follow us on Facebook or email us at podcast@infinitelyirrational.com.  For math and the research behind the episode, visit our webpage at www.infinitelyirrational.com We look forward to hearing from you!

Neste podcast: Conheça mundos horríveis da ficção que não seriam legais viver, qual o nome do Jaeger brasileiro e prepare-se para a filosofia de Azaghal! ARTE DA VITRINE:  Felipe Santos O HOBBIT ESTÁ NA NERDSTORE! Reserve agora! https://bit.ly/2JDNPFX NerdCash! NerdCast extra toda segunda sexta-feira do mês para você aprender a investir o seu dinheiro! Link para abertura de conta com a Jovem Nerd: http://bit.ly/2YFQsxb Link para Futura Academy: http://bit.ly/2YHGf3g Ouça o NerdCash 13 - Sonhos de consumo: https://bit.ly/2SciDl6 Site da nova Futura: http://bit.ly/2Lor4oL Youtube: http://bit.ly/2LsKUzk Instagram: http://bit.ly/2sBKbod Facebook: http://bit.ly/2JehoQV Twitter: http://bit.ly/2qBKDlj CITADO NA LEITURA DE E-MAILS Modular Elliptic Curves and Fermat's Last Theorem (em inglês): https://bit.ly/2xHvKkL Vídeo explicando o paradoxo de Banach-Tarski (em inglês): https://youtu.be/s86-Z-CbaHA  E-MAILS Mande suas críticas, elogios, sugestões e caneladas para nerdcast@jovemnerd.com.br EDIÇÃO COMPLETA POR RADIOFOBIA PODCAST E MULTIMÍDIA http://radiofobia.com.br

Neste podcast: Conheça mundos horríveis da ficção que não seriam legais viver, qual o nome do Jaeger brasileiro e prepare-se para a filosofia de Azaghal! ARTE DA VITRINE:  Felipe Santos O HOBBIT ESTÁ NA NERDSTORE! Reserve agora! https://bit.ly/2JDNPFX NerdCash! NerdCast extra toda segunda sexta-feira do mês para você aprender a investir o seu dinheiro! Link para abertura de conta com a Jovem Nerd: http://bit.ly/2YFQsxb Link para Futura Academy: http://bit.ly/2YHGf3g Ouça o NerdCash 13 - Sonhos de consumo: https://bit.ly/2SciDl6 Site da nova Futura: http://bit.ly/2Lor4oL Youtube: http://bit.ly/2LsKUzk Instagram: http://bit.ly/2sBKbod Facebook: http://bit.ly/2JehoQV Twitter: http://bit.ly/2qBKDlj CITADO NA LEITURA DE E-MAILS Modular Elliptic Curves and Fermat's Last Theorem (em inglês): https://bit.ly/2xHvKkL Vídeo explicando o paradoxo de Banach-Tarski (em inglês): https://youtu.be/s86-Z-CbaHA  E-MAILS Mande suas críticas, elogios, sugestões e caneladas para nerdcast@jovemnerd.com.br EDIÇÃO COMPLETA POR RADIOFOBIA PODCAST E MULTIMÍDIA http://radiofobia.com.br

Neste podcast: Conheça mundos horríveis da ficção que não seriam legais viver, qual o nome do Jaeger brasileiro e prepare-se para a filosofia de Azaghal! ARTE DA VITRINE:  Felipe Santos O HOBBIT ESTÁ NA NERDSTORE! Reserve agora! https://bit.ly/2JDNPFX NerdCash! NerdCast extra toda segunda sexta-feira do mês para você aprender a investir o seu dinheiro! Link para abertura de conta com a Jovem Nerd: http://bit.ly/2YFQsxb Link para Futura Academy: http://bit.ly/2YHGf3g Ouça o NerdCash 13 - Sonhos de consumo: https://bit.ly/2SciDl6 Site da nova Futura: http://bit.ly/2Lor4oL Youtube: http://bit.ly/2LsKUzk Instagram: http://bit.ly/2sBKbod Facebook: http://bit.ly/2JehoQV Twitter: http://bit.ly/2qBKDlj CITADO NA LEITURA DE E-MAILS Modular Elliptic Curves and Fermat's Last Theorem (em inglês): https://bit.ly/2xHvKkL Vídeo explicando o paradoxo de Banach-Tarski (em inglês): https://youtu.be/s86-Z-CbaHA  E-MAILS Mande suas críticas, elogios, sugestões e caneladas para nerdcast@jovemnerd.com.br EDIÇÃO COMPLETA POR RADIOFOBIA PODCAST E MULTIMÍDIA http://radiofobia.com.br

Neste podcast: Conheça mundos horríveis da ficção que não seriam legais viver, qual o nome do Jaeger brasileiro e prepare-se para a filosofia de Azaghal! ARTE DA VITRINE:  Felipe Santos O HOBBIT ESTÁ NA NERDSTORE! Reserve agora! https://bit.ly/2JDNPFX NerdCash! NerdCast extra toda segunda sexta-feira do mês para você aprender a investir o seu dinheiro! Link para abertura de conta com a Jovem Nerd: http://bit.ly/2YFQsxb Link para Futura Academy: http://bit.ly/2YHGf3g Ouça o NerdCash 13 - Sonhos de consumo: https://bit.ly/2SciDl6 Site da nova Futura: http://bit.ly/2Lor4oL Youtube: http://bit.ly/2LsKUzk Instagram: http://bit.ly/2sBKbod Facebook: http://bit.ly/2JehoQV Twitter: http://bit.ly/2qBKDlj CITADO NA LEITURA DE E-MAILS Modular Elliptic Curves and Fermat's Last Theorem (em inglês): https://bit.ly/2xHvKkL Vídeo explicando o paradoxo de Banach-Tarski (em inglês): https://youtu.be/s86-Z-CbaHA  E-MAILS Mande suas críticas, elogios, sugestões e caneladas para nerdcast@jovemnerd.com.br EDIÇÃO COMPLETA POR RADIOFOBIA PODCAST E MULTIMÍDIA http://radiofobia.com.br

Neste podcast: Conheça mundos horríveis da ficção que não seriam legais viver, qual o nome do Jaeger brasileiro e prepare-se para a filosofia de Azaghal! ARTE DA VITRINE:  Felipe Santos O HOBBIT ESTÁ NA NERDSTORE! Reserve agora! https://bit.ly/2JDNPFX NerdCash! NerdCast extra toda segunda sexta-feira do mês para você aprender a investir o seu dinheiro! Link para abertura de conta com a Jovem Nerd: http://bit.ly/2YFQsxb Link para Futura Academy: http://bit.ly/2YHGf3g Ouça o NerdCash 13 - Sonhos de consumo: https://bit.ly/2SciDl6 Site da nova Futura: http://bit.ly/2Lor4oL Youtube: http://bit.ly/2LsKUzk Instagram: http://bit.ly/2sBKbod Facebook: http://bit.ly/2JehoQV Twitter: http://bit.ly/2qBKDlj CITADO NA LEITURA DE E-MAILS Modular Elliptic Curves and Fermat's Last Theorem (em inglês): https://bit.ly/2xHvKkL Vídeo explicando o paradoxo de Banach-Tarski (em inglês): https://youtu.be/s86-Z-CbaHA  E-MAILS Mande suas críticas, elogios, sugestões e caneladas para nerdcast@jovemnerd.com.br EDIÇÃO COMPLETA POR RADIOFOBIA PODCAST E MULTIMÍDIA http://radiofobia.com.br

Learn about the optical illusion that makes stars look like UFOs; surprising facts about Fermat’s last theorem, one of math’s greatest mysteries; and why the most common form of prejudice may surprise you. In this podcast, Cody Gough and Ashley Hamer discuss the following stories from Curiosity.com to help you get smarter and learn something new in just a few minutes: The Autokinetic Effect Is an Optical Illusion That Makes Stars Look Like UFOs — https://curiosity.im/2K7iVIK Fermat's Last Theorem Was Scribbled in the Margin of a Book — https://curiosity.im/2K1CPVv The Most Common Form of Prejudice May Surprise You — https://curiosity.im/2K7hz0C If you love our show and you're interested in hearing full-length interviews, then please consider supporting us on Patreon. You'll get exclusive episodes and access to our archives as soon as you become a Patron! https://www.patreon.com/curiositydotcom Download the FREE 5-star Curiosity app for Android and iOS at https://curiosity.im/podcast-app. And Amazon smart speaker users: you can listen to our podcast as part of your Amazon Alexa Flash Briefing — just click “enable” here: https://curiosity.im/podcast-flash-briefing.

Fredrik talks to Bartosz Milewski - programmer, writer and creator of mind-expanding presentations - about a wide range of things in the lands between mathematics and programming. Bartosz explains his increasing interest in mathematics, type and category theory and why he thinks mathematics and programming can and are coming closer together. We eventually get to the topic of Bartosz' talk last year, and perhaps the only way humans can understand things and how that affects what we discover. Perhaps even what we are able to discover. Recorded on stage at Øredev 2018. Thank you Cloudnet for sponsoring our VPS! Comments, questions or tips? We are @kodsnack, @tobiashieta, @oferlund and @bjoreman on Twitter, have a page on Facebook and can be emailed at info@kodsnack.se if you want to write longer. We read everything we receive. If you enjoy Kodsnack we would love a review in iTunes! Links Øredev 2018 Bartosz Milewski Bartosz' presentation the day before - Programming with math Bartosz’s second presentation of the year is unfortunately not online yet Type theory Category theory Template metaprogramming Cateogry theory for the working mathematician Functor Monad Richard Feynman Category theory for programmers Bartosz' videos on Youtube Quadratic equations Fermat’s last theorem and the proof Homotopy type theory The Curry-Howard isomorphism Bartosz' talk from last year - The earth is flat Titles I skipped a lot of slides Something related to math Pushed by external forces What is fascinating to me at the moment Tone down the category theory I’m really comfortable with math I discovered a whole new franchise I read a few first sentences The idea of category theory is not that difficult Multiply and divide things for months This gap between programming and math (There is) A lot of commonality How to split things and how to compose them The science of composition We humans have to structure things The different ways of splitting things Mathemathics is the future Who wants to program in assembly language Test-driven proof development A lot of hand-waving in math as well Mechanizing proofs An outgowth of type theory The only way we humans can understand nature Life can only exist in a decomposable environment Our brains work by decomposing things Why would there be a simple solution?

Ken Ribet is the president of the American Mathematical Society. He played a key role in the proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem. Ken Ribet’s home page The AMS Ken’s famous paper The Wiles Proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem Numberphile video with Ken about his work Ken’s 87 hair cuts Simon Singh discusses Fermat’s Last Theorem in a Numberphile video With thanks to MSRI Meyer Sound

This episode of the Mr Barton Maths Podcast is kindly sponsored by White Rose Maths. Visit whiterosemaths.com to find out all about their brand new, completely free, topic specific assessments for their mastery schemes of work, asContinue reading The post Simon Singh: Fermat’s Last Theorem and stretching high-attainers appeared first on Mr Barton Maths Blog. No related posts.

At the risk of nepotism, we yet again interrupt the flow of time to bring a matter of grave urgency to the forefront. Our cowboy listeners' problem is more serious than first assumed, so we skip the irrelevant ethics and whip out our most qualified skill set: how to save a relationship. We apply the inverse property poorly. Topics include: Listener Email: Pardner Problems Pard 2, Fermat’s Last Theorem, and Guns.

Fermat's Last Theorem: a fairy tale of dramatic mathematics.

The Simpson's might be one of the most successful TV shows ever written, but it's also the most mathematical! Science writer Simon Singh shares the in-jokes, hidden references and maths tributes from the show, as well as his own love of Fermat's infamous Last Theorem and why it's important to stretch young mathematicians. Plus we ponder the point of proofs and have a go at disproving the Collatz Conjecture. Mixtape: 1. Car 67 by Driver 67 2. 7, 8, 9 by Barenaked Ladies 3. 99 Luftballoons by Nene 4. Big Bang Theory Theme by Barenaked Ladies 5. 39 by Queen 6. 9 Million Bicycles by Katie Melua #science #mixtape #maths #simpsons #fermat #theorem #proof #collatz #conjecture #skeptic #thinking

What is science? Where are you from? Send us a postcard! Strange Attractor, c/ PO Box 9, Fitzroy, VIC 3065, Australia Understanding science: A great site Lucy found that kinda explains it all (University of California, Berkeley) Tyler Durden (Wikipedia) What is science? (University of California, Berkeley) What is the scientific method? (University of California, Berkeley) Some opinions on what is theoretical vs practical science (The Straight Dope) What is pure mathematics? (Wikipedia) What is applied mathematics? (Wikipedia) Game of Thrones (Wikipedia) Science is focussed on the natural vs supernatural world - the 'natural' world means anything in the universe, including anything that humans make (University of California, Berkeley) ESP: What can science say? (University of California, Berkeley) UriGeller.com What is reproducibility? A key principle of the scientific method (Wikipedia) The role of replication in science (University of California, Berkeley) Dutch agency launches first grants programme dedicated to replication (Nature) Lithium, sodium & potassium react with water (YouTube) Magnesium ribbon burns bright white (YouTube) Newton's three laws of motion (NASA) Kepler's three laws for the motion of planets (HyperPhysics, Georgia State University) Newton's laws are amazing but don't work at very small scales, very high speeds or very strong gravitational fields (Wikipedia) How did NASA conclude that the general theory of relativity was not needed for Earth-moon flight path computation? (Stack Exchange, Space Exploration) What is general relativity? (Wikipedia) What is special relativity? (Wikipedia) Relativity has everyday applications, like GPS (Department of Astronomy, The Ohio State University) The Martian (Wikipedia) The discovery of genetics from Mendel to the human genome project is an example of a long-term group effort in science (CogWeb, UCLA) Gregor Mendel & the principles of inheritance (Nature) Interactive timeline on the history of genetics from Darwin to the 21st century (Wellcome Library) Aristotle & ancient Greek genetic theory (About Education) Gregor Mendel died in 1884 & his work wasn't taken seriously until after his death (Wikipedia) Charles Darwin saw an important platypus in Wallerawang, NSW, near where Lucy grew up (Lithgow.com) Einstein used to be a patent clerk in Switzerland (Swiss Federal Institute of Intellectual Property) Fermat's Last Theorem: "The first successful proof was released in 1994 by Andrew Wiles, & formally published in 1995, after 358 years of effort by mathematicians" (Wikipedia) The Higgs boson discovery in the Large Hadron Collider (CERN) Australia's CSIRO coated many of the ultra-high-performance mirrors used in the LIGO to detect the first gravitational waves (CSIRO) The polar bear natural gas ad...sooo cosy (YouTube) Scientists are more creative than you might imagine (The Atlantic) Infographic: What is the cosmic microwave background? (Space.com) Stanley Kubrick (bio.) Crick, Watson, Wilkins, Franklin & DNA (Chemical Heritage Foundation) Sexism in science: Did Watson & Crick really steal Rosalind Franklin's data? (The Guardian) Mendeleev apparently dreamt the periodic table! (Wikipedia) A decade of deep thinking: Princeton Center for Theoretical Science celebrates 10 years (Princeton) Australia's CSIRO overcame the problem of 'reverberation' to invent WiFi (CSIRO) Alas the patent for WiFi has now expired, but not before earning the CSIRO millions of dollars, which was reinvested into more sciencey stuff (The Australian Business Review) Fact or fiction?: NASA spent millions to develop a pen that would write in space, whereas the Soviet cosmonauts used a pencil (Scientific American) Science relies on evidence (University of California, Berkeley) The dark side of Linus Pauling's legacy: Debating the benefits of vitamin C (Quackwatch) DNA was discovered in 1869 & its structure presented in 1953 (History) James Watson is still alive (Wikipedia) Francis Crick died in 2004 (Wikipedia) Stanford Professor Andrei Linde celebrates physics breakthrough (YouTube) Why Einstein was wrong about being wrong (Phys.org) Corrections Lucy meant Apollo 13 not Apollo 11 when talking about movies where stuff went wrong in space (Wikipedia) Gregor Mendel published his main pea results in the 1860s, not 1870s (Wikipedia) Charles Darwin's Beagle voyage lasted 5 years, not 8 (Wikipedia) Sir Isaac Newton said the quote about "standing on the shoulders of giants", not Galileo (BBC) Peter Higgs thought up the boson concept after a failed camping trip in the 1960s, not 1950s (Wikipedia) Sorry Lucy, NASA didn't invent Velcro, some Swiss guy did in the 1940s...in fairness, Lucy heard this from a real astronaut - who wouldn't believe an astronaut? (NASA) "Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence" is attributed to Carl Sagan, not Richard Feynman (Rational Wiki) Cheeky review? (If we may be so bold) It'd be amazing if you gave us a short review...it'll make us easier to find in iTunes: Click here for instructions. You're the best! We owe you a free hug and/or a glass of wine from our cellar

How many people have come from the EU to live in the UK? And what impact do they have on the economy? This week it was reported there had been an increase in fire deaths – we aren't so sure. We explain the achievement of Abel Prize winning mathematician Sir Andrew Wiles for Fermat's Last Theorem. Plus, we explore the numbers behind Simpson's Paradox.

Eine alte Fragestellung lautet, was die Summe der Kehrwerte aller natürlicher Zahlen ist. Mit anderen Worten: existiert der Grenzwert der Harmonischen Reihe ? Die Antwort, die man im ersten Semester kennenlernen ist: Diese Reihe ist divergiert, der Wert ist nicht endlich. Über die spannenden Entwicklungen in der Zahlentheorie, die sich daraus ergaben, berichtet Fabian Januszewski im Gespräch mit Gudrun Thäter. Eine verwandte Fragestellung zur harmonischen Reihe lautet: Wie steht es um den Wert von ? Diese Frage wurde im 17. Jahrhundert aufgeworfen und man wußte, daß der Wert dieser Reihe endlich ist. Allerdings kannte man den exakten Wert nicht. Diese Frage war als das sogannte Basel-Problem bekannt. Eine ähnliche Reihe ist Ihr Wert läßt sich elementar bestimmen. Dies war lange bekannt, und das Basel-Problem war ungleich schwieriger: Es blieb fast einhundert Jahre lang ungelöst. Erst Leonhard Euler löste es 1741: Die Riemann'sche -Funktion Die Geschichte der L-Reihen beginnt bereits bei Leonhard Euler, welcher im 18. Jahrhundert im Kontext des Basel-Problems die Riemann'sche -Funktion' entdeckte und zeigte, dass sie der Produktformel genügt, wobei die Menge der Primzahlen durchläuft und eine reelle Variable ist. Diese Tatsache ist äquivalent zum Fundamentalsatz der Arithmetik: jede natürliche Zahl besitzt eine eindeutige Primfaktorzerlegung. Eulers Lösung des Basel-Problems besagt, daß und diese Formel läßt sich auf alle geraden positiven Argumente verallgemeinern: , wobei die -te Bernoulli-Zahl bezeichnet. Im 19. Jahrhundert zeigte Bernhard Riemann, dass die a priori nur für konvergente Reihe eine holomorphe Fortsetzung auf besitzt, einer Funktionalgleichung der Form genügt und einen einfachen Pol mit Residuum bei aufweist. Letztere Aussage spiegelt die Tatsache wieder, dass in jedes Ideal ein Hauptideal ist und die einzigen multiplikativ invertierbaren Elemente sind. Weiterhin weiß viel über die Verteilung von Primzahlen. Setzen wir dann zeigte Riemann, daß die so definierte vervollständigte Riemann'sche -Funktion auf ganz holomorph ist und der Funktionalgleichung genügt. Da die -Funktion Pole bei nicht-positiven ganzzahligen Argumenten besitzt, ergibt sich hieraus die Existenz und Lage der sogenannten "trivialen Nullstellen" von : für . Konzeptionell sollte man sich den Faktor als Eulerfaktor bei vorstellen. John Tate zeigte in seiner berühmten Dissertation, daß dies tatsächlich sinnvoll ist: Die endlichen Eulerfaktoren werden von Tate als Integrale über interpretiert, und der "unendliche" Eulerfaktor ist ebenfalls durch ein entsprechendes Integral über gegeben. Er legte damit den Grundstein für weitreichende Verallgemeinerungen. Die Riemann'sche -Funktion ist der Prototyp einer -Funktion, einem Begriff, der langsam Schritt für Schritt verallgemeinert wurde, zunächst von Richard Dedekind, Lejeune Dirichlet und Erich Hecke und weiter von Emil Artin, Helmut Hasse, André Weil, Alexander Grothendieck, Pierre Deligne, Jean-Pierre Serre und Robert Langlands et al. -Funktionen spielen in der modernen Zahlentheorie eine zentrale Rolle, und bis heute ranken sich fundamentale Vermutungen um diesen Begriff. Selbst die Mysterien der Riemann'schen -Funktion sind auch heute bei weitem nicht vollständig ergründet. Die berühmteste Vermutung in diesem Kontext ist die Riemann'sche Vermutung. Riemann zeigte 1859 nicht nur, daß die Riemann'sche -Funktion eine holomorphe Fortsetzung auf besitzt, sondern stellte auch einen engen Zusammenhang zwischen der Verteilung der Primzahlen und den Nullstellen von her. Eulers Produktenwicklung von für zeigt, dass stets für . Aus der Funktionalgleichung von ergibt sich, dass für natürliche Zahlen . Die sind die sogenannten trivialen Nullstellen der -Funktion. Riemann vermutete, dass sämtliche nicht-trivialen Nullstellen auf der Geraden liegen. Euler bestimmte im wesentlichen die Werte für positives . Bis heute wissen wir sehr wenig über die Werte an positiven ungeraden Argumenten. Ein Satz von Apéry besagt, daß irrational ist. Wir haben allerdings keine einfache Formel für diesen Funktionswert. Konzeptionell unterscheiden sich die ungeraden von den geraden positiven Argumenten darin, daß der in auftretende Faktor der -Funktion für ungerades positives dort einen Pol besitzt, was ebenfalls das Verschwinden von zur Folge hat. Über die Werte an negativen ungeraden Argumenten wissen wir aus der Funktionalgleichung, daß . Insbesondere gilt . Dieser Wert kann in gewissen Kontexten als Grenzwert (der divergierenden!) Reihe interpretiert werden (formal ergeben diese Identitäten natürlich keinen Sinn). In gewissen Situationen ist der Funktionswert ein sinnvoller endlicher Ersatz für den nicht existierenden Grenzwert der Reihe . Derartige Phänomene treten in Zahlentheorie an vielen Stellen auf. Literatur und Zusatzinformationen Haruzo Hida, Elementary theory of -functions and Eisenstein series, Cambridge University Press, 1993. Jean-Pierre Serre, "Cours d'arithmétique", Presses Universitaires de France, 1970. Goro Shimura, "Introduction to the arithmetic theory of automorphic functions." Princeton University Press, 1971. Jürgen Neukirch, Algebraische Zahlentheorie, Springer Verlag, 1992. André Weil, Basic Number Theory, Springer Verlag, 1973. Podcast Modellansatz 036: Analysis und die Abschnittskontrolle Bernhard Riemann, Über die Anzahl der Primzahlen unter einer gegebenen Grösse, Monatsberichte der Königlich Preußischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1859 John T. Tate, "Fourier analysis in number fields, and Hecke's zeta-functions", Algebraic Number Theory (Proc. Instructional Conf., Brighton, 1965), Thompson, 1950, S. 305–347. Andrew Wiles, "Modular Elliptic Curves and Fermat’s Last Theorem." Annals of Mathematics 142, 1995, S. 443–551. Richard Taylor, Andrew Wiles, "Ring-theoretic properties of certain Hecke algebras." Annals of Mathematics 142, 1995, S. 553–572. Brian Conrad, Fred Diamond, Richard Taylor, "Modularity of certain potentially Barsotti-Tate Galois representations", Journal of the American Mathematical Society 12, 1999, S. 521–567. Christophe Breuil, Brian Conrad, Fred Diamond, Richard Taylor, "On the modularity of elliptic curves over Q: wild 3-adic exercises", Journal of the American Mathematical Society 14, 2001, S. 843–939. Frobeniushomomorphismus Galois-Darstellungen Weil-Vermutungen Standard-Vermutungen Automorphe Formen Das Langlands-Programm Wikipedia: Automorphe L-Funktionen Emil Artin, Über eine neue Art von -Reihen, Abh. Math. Seminar Hamburg, 1923. Armand Borel, "Automorphic L-functions", in A. Borel, W. Casselman, "Automorphic forms, representations and L-functions" (Proc. Sympos. Pure Math., Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, Oregon, 1977), Teil 2, Proc. Sympos. Pure Math., XXXIII, American Mathematical Society, 1979, S. 27–61. Robert P. Langlands, "Problems in the theory of automorphic forms", in "Lectures in modern analysis and applications III," Lecture Notes in Math 170, 1970, S. 18–61. Robert P. Langlands, '"'Euler products", Yale University Press, 1971. Wikipedia: Spezielle Werte von L-Funktionen Pierre Deligne; "Valeurs de fonctions L et périodes d’intégrales." , in A. Borel, W. Casselman, "Automorphic forms, representations and L-functions" (Proc. Sympos. Pure Math., Oregon State Univ., Corvallis, Oregon, 1977)'', Teil 2, Proc. Sympos. Pure Math., XXXIII, American Mathematical Society, 1979, S. 313–346.

[Re-published with permission from Inspired by Math] The MAA (Mathematical Association of America) sent me a review copy of their new book Learning Modern Algebra: From Early Attempts to Prove Fermat’s Last Theorem. I don’t typically review textbooks but the title and then the contents of the book convinced me that I needed to interview the authors. Joe Rotman wasn’t available but I was able to chat with the other co-author, Al Cuoco. I was really struck with Al’s passion about teaching the teachers as well as the students. Al shared some great insights about the ingredients that I think should go into every math textbook to help teachers and students to develop the right habits of mind to succeed. Here are some of the questions we discussed. 1. What is your background and your experience teaching high school math to students and to teachers? 2. I attended the Ross program and you have a key role in a program that has its roots in the Ross program. Tell me about this program and your involvement with it. 3. There’s something special about number theory and algebra that makes it accessible to bright students without a deep background in math. What do you think of that thought? 4. What is “Learning Modern Algebra” about and who is the audience? 5. How does Fermat’s Last Theorem unite the book’s chapters? 6. What are the challenges with how Modern Algebra is taught? 7. Why is exploration so important and how do you promote it? 8. Rigorous thinking about open-ended problems runs through the book. PODASIP (prove or disprove and salvage if possible) problems contribute to this. Can you speak to that? 9. Why is historical setting important in learning math and how do you weave history into the book? 10. Tell us about the importance of the “Connections” sections in the book. 11. Is there a next book or project? 12. The question I ask everyone: “What advice would you give to a parent whose child was struggling with math?” Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

[Re-published with permission from Inspired by Math] The MAA (Mathematical Association of America) sent me a review copy of their new book Learning Modern Algebra: From Early Attempts to Prove Fermat’s Last Theorem. I don’t typically review textbooks but the title and then the contents of the book convinced me that I needed to interview the authors. Joe Rotman wasn’t available but I was able to chat with the other co-author, Al Cuoco. I was really struck with Al’s passion about teaching the teachers as well as the students. Al shared some great insights about the ingredients that I think should go into every math textbook to help teachers and students to develop the right habits of mind to succeed. Here are some of the questions we discussed. 1. What is your background and your experience teaching high school math to students and to teachers? 2. I attended the Ross program and you have a key role in a program that has its roots in the Ross program. Tell me about this program and your involvement with it. 3. There’s something special about number theory and algebra that makes it accessible to bright students without a deep background in math. What do you think of that thought? 4. What is “Learning Modern Algebra” about and who is the audience? 5. How does Fermat’s Last Theorem unite the book’s chapters? 6. What are the challenges with how Modern Algebra is taught? 7. Why is exploration so important and how do you promote it? 8. Rigorous thinking about open-ended problems runs through the book. PODASIP (prove or disprove and salvage if possible) problems contribute to this. Can you speak to that? 9. Why is historical setting important in learning math and how do you weave history into the book? 10. Tell us about the importance of the “Connections” sections in the book. 11. Is there a next book or project? 12. The question I ask everyone: “What advice would you give to a parent whose child was struggling with math?” Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Artificial DNA DNA is the molecule of life, conserved across all living species for 4 billion years. But now scientists have made a new, artificial version, by introducing two extra letters, not found in nature, into the genetic code of a common microbe. The E. coli bacteria are able to grow and replicate as normal despite these artificial additions. In future, this research might create organisms that can make new proteins, which could offer new drugs and vaccines. What is fire? A listener wrote in to ask about fire – what is it? And what is the difference between a super-hot gas and plasma? We went straight to Dr. Guillermo Rein, Mechanical Engineer at Imperial College and Editor-in-Chief of the journal Fire Technology. It turns out, they’re great questions and even the experts can’t quite agree on the answers. Obituary - Colin Pillinger British planetary scientist Professor Colin Pillinger, best known for his 2003 attempt to land a spacecraft on Mars, has died aged 70. . Oxford Maths Institute The new Maths Institute at Oxford University is named the Andrew Wiles Building, after the mathematician, who solved Fermat’s Last Theorem. The Institute includes some nods to other mathematical theories included in the design. From the never-ending Penrose paving at the entrance to lighting based on solving complex equations and mathematical illusions build into the construction. The architects hope the building will inspire the next generation of mathematicians. Carlos Frenk Professor Carlos Frenk, astronomer at Durham University has just joined the ranks of Steven Hawking, Edwin Hubble and Albert Einstein by winning the Royal Astronomical Society’s Gold Medal for Astronomy. Producer: Fiona Roberts

The 9th Dennis Sciama Memorial Lecture, looking at chaos theory and climate change Lorenz is one of the pioneers of chaos theory. However, over 50 years before Lorenz, Poincaré discovered the sensitive dependence on initial conditions that characterises chaos. So what makes Lorenz’s contribution so important? I argue it is the discovery of the fractal invariant set in state space: the Lorenz attractor. Quite amazingly, properties of the Lorenz attractor can be shown to link the calculus of dynamical systems theory to deep and diverse areas of mathematics such as Wiles’ proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem and Gödel’s incompleteness theorem. But more than this, I argue that the fractal invariant set has implications for physics – not only for practical problems such as climate prediction, but also for the deepest problems of fundamental physics. In particular, I will put some meat on the bones of Penrose’s suggestion that “the correct theory of quantum gravity might be a deterministic but non-computable theory” by treating the universe as a dynamical system with fractal invariant set. The result is a novel perspective, not only on the quantum gravity programme, but also on quantum physics in general.

The 9th Dennis Sciama Memorial Lecture, looking at chaos theory and climate change Lorenz is one of the pioneers of chaos theory. However, over 50 years before Lorenz, Poincaré discovered the sensitive dependence on initial conditions that characterises chaos. So what makes Lorenz's contribution so important? I argue it is the discovery of the fractal invariant set in state space: the Lorenz attractor. Quite amazingly, properties of the Lorenz attractor can be shown to link the calculus of dynamical systems theory to deep and diverse areas of mathematics such as Wiles' proof of Fermat's Last Theorem and Gödel's incompleteness theorem. But more than this, I argue that the fractal invariant set has implications for physics – not only for practical problems such as climate prediction, but also for the deepest problems of fundamental physics. In particular, I will put some meat on the bones of Penrose's suggestion that “the correct theory of quantum gravity might be a deterministic but non-computable theory” by treating the universe as a dynamical system with fractal invariant set. The result is a novel perspective, not only on the quantum gravity programme, but also on quantum physics in general.

Brain Trust (starts at 4:23)  When you are trying to make a decision about something important or having a disagreement with someone, don’t you sometimes wish you had a scientist with you – a world expert on the topic at hand – to help you out?  In fact, it would be great to have dozens of experts in many fields available, sort of your own personal Brain Trust.  Well, luckily Garth Sundem can help you out with his book called: “Brain Trust,” where he has interviewed 93 of the top scientists in fields like physics, genetics, cognitive science, economics, nutrition, mathematics, and talked to them about very important topics in their fields.  And not the easy topics like Higgs Bosons, Fermat’s Last Theorem, and inflationary cosmology, but rather the much more difficult – and immediately useful – topics like: the best design for a paper airplane, how to survive Armageddon, how to create giant man-eating plants, successful dating techniques (and we don’t mean carbon dating), and how to tell when someone is lying.  Host Joel Parker talks with Garth about his book. Drought (starts at 15:10) Given all the rain and snow on the Front Range and beyond lately, you’d think that Colorado is emerging from the persistent drought, right? But last year was one of the hottest and driest on record in the state and some regions have yet to recover.  Among those who have suffered the most from the persistent drought are farmers and ranchers. In fact, some have sold off cattle and even shuttered their businesses. That said, high prices have boosted profits for some wheat farmers, for instance.  To find out just how badly many farmers and ranchers have been hit by the drought, researchers at Colorado State University have been surveying them annually for a while.  Host Susan Moran talks with Christopher Goemans, a resource economist in the Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics at Colorado State University, and Ron Nelson, a graduate student also at CSU, about a recent survey of drought conditions and the broader environment. Hosts: Joel Parker, Susan Moran Producer: Joel Parker Engineer: Joel Parker Executive Producer: Joel Parker Listen to the show:

Melvyn Bragg and his guests discuss Fermat's Last Theorem. In 1637 the French mathematician Pierre de Fermat scribbled a note in the margin of one of his books. He claimed to have proved a remarkable property of numbers, but gave no clue as to how he'd gone about it. "I have found a wonderful demonstration of this proposition," he wrote, "which this margin is too narrow to contain". Fermat's theorem became one of the most iconic problems in mathematics and for centuries mathematicians struggled in vain to work out what his proof had been. In the 19th century the French Academy of Sciences twice offered prize money and a gold medal to the person who could discover Fermat's proof; but it was not until 1995 that the puzzle was finally solved by the British mathematician Andrew Wiles. With:Marcus du Sautoy Professor of Mathematics & Simonyi Professor for the Public Understanding of Science at the University of OxfordVicky Neale Fellow and Director of Studies in Mathematics at Murray Edwards College at the University of CambridgeSamir Siksek Professor at the Mathematics Institute at the University of Warwick.Producer: Natalia Fernandez.

Many of the great narrative non-fiction books have been translated from the book to the screen. What makes a good film adaptation and how does a producer identify and adapt a book for the screen? Alexander Masters and Kathryn Hughes have been heavily involved in adapting their biographies, respectively Stuart and The Short Life and Long Times of Mrs Beeton for television. Simon Singh won a BAFTA for his documentary on Fermat’s Last Theorem, which he followed up with his book on the same subject. They are joined by Pippa Harris of Neal Street Productions, producer of Stuart.