Podcasts about applied biology

Dr. Gary Null provides a commentary on "Universal  Healthcare"       Universal Healthcare is the Solution to a Broken Medical System Gary Null, PhD Progressive Radio Network, March 3, 2025 For over 50 years, there has been no concerted or successful effort to bring down medical costs in the American healthcare system. Nor are the federal health agencies making disease prevention a priority. Regardless whether the political left or right sponsors proposals for reform, such measures are repeatedly defeated by both parties in Congress. As a result, the nation's healthcare system remains one of the most expensive and least efficient in the developed world. For the past 30 years, medical bills contributing to personal debt regularly rank among the top three causes of personal bankruptcy. This is a reality that reflects not only the financial strain on ordinary Americans but the systemic failure of the healthcare system itself. The urgent question is: If President Trump and his administration are truly seeking to reduce the nation's $36 trillion deficit, why is there no serious effort to reform the most bloated and corrupt sector of the economy? A key obstacle is the widespread misinformation campaign that falsely claims universal health care would cost an additional $2 trillion annually and further balloon the national debt. However, a more honest assessment reveals the opposite. If the US adopted a universal single-payer system, the nation could actually save up to $20 trillion over the next 10 years rather than add to the deficit. Even with the most ambitious efforts by people like Elon Musk to rein in federal spending or optimize government efficiency, the estimated savings would only amount to $500 billion. This is only a fraction of what could be achieved through comprehensive healthcare reform alone. Healthcare is the largest single expenditure of the federal budget. A careful examination of where the $5 trillion spent annually on healthcare actually goes reveals massive systemic fraud and inefficiency. Aside from emergency medicine, which accounts for only 10-12 percent of total healthcare expenditures, the bulk of this spending does not deliver better health outcomes nor reduce trends in physical and mental illness. Applying Ockham's Razor, the principle that the simplest solution is often the best, the obvious conclusion is that America's astronomical healthcare costs are the direct result of price gouging on an unimaginable scale. For example, in most small businesses, profit margins range between 1.6 and 2.5 percent, such as in grocery retail. Yet the pharmaceutical industrial complex routinely operates on markup rates as high as 150,000 percent for many prescription drugs. The chart below highlights the astronomical gap between the retail price of some top-selling patented pharmaceutical medications and their generic equivalents. Drug Condition Patent Price (per unit) Generic Price Estimated Manufacture Cost Markup Source Insulin (Humalog) Diabetes $300 $30 $3 10,000% Rand (2021) EpiPen Allergic reactions $600 $30 $10 6,000% BMJ (2022) Daraprim Toxoplasmosis $750/pill $2 $0.50 150,000% JAMA (2019) Harvoni Hepatitis C $94,500 (12 weeks) $30,000 $200 47,000% WHO Report (2018) Lipitor Cholesterol $150 $10 $0.50 29,900% Health Affairs (2020) Xarelto Blood Thinner $450 $25 $1.50 30,000% NEJM (2020) Abilify Schizophrenia $800 (30 tablets) $15 $2 39,900% AJMC (2019) Revlimid Cancer $16,000/mo $450 $150 10,500% Kaiser Health News (2021) Humira Arthritis $2,984/dose $400 $50 5,868% Rand (2021) Sovaldi Hepatitis C $1,000/pill $10 $2 49,900% JAMA (2021) Xolair Asthma $2,400/dose $300 $50 4,800% NEJM (2020) Gleevec Leukemia $10,000/mo $350 $200 4,900% Harvard Public Health Review (2020) OxyContin Pain Relief $600 (30 tablets) $15 $0.50 119,900% BMJ (2022) Remdesivir Covid-19 $3,120 (5 doses) N/A $10 31,100% The Lancet (2020) The corruption extends far beyond price gouging. Many pharmaceutical companies convince federal health agencies to fund their basic research and drug development with taxpayer dollars. Yet when these companies bring successful products to market, the profits are kept entirely by the corporations or shared with the agencies or groups of government scientists. On the other hand, the public, who funded the research, receives no financial return. This amounts to a systemic betrayal of the public trust on a scale of hundreds of billions of dollars annually. Another significant contributor to rising healthcare costs is the widespread practice of defensive medicine that is driven by the constant threat of litigation. Over the past 40 years, defensive medicine has become a cottage industry. Physicians order excessive diagnostic tests and unnecessary treatments simply to protect themselves from lawsuits. Study after study has shown that these over-performed procedures not only inflate costs but lead to iatrogenesis or medical injury and death caused by the medical  system and practices itself. The solution is simple: adopting no-fault healthcare coverage for everyone where patients receive care without needing to sue and thereby freeing doctors from the burden of excessive malpractice insurance. A single-payer universal healthcare system could fundamentally transform the entire industry by capping profits at every level — from drug manufacturers to hospitals to medical equipment suppliers. The Department of Health and Human Services would have the authority to set profit margins for medical procedures. This would ensure that healthcare is determined by outcomes, not profits. Additionally, the growing influence of private equity firms and vulture capitalists buying up hospitals and medical clinics across America must be reined in. These equity firms prioritize profit extraction over improving the quality of care. They often slash staff, raise prices, and dictate medical procedures based on what will yield the highest returns. Another vital reform would be to provide free medical education for doctors and nurses in exchange for five years of service under the universal system. Medical professionals would earn a realistic salary cap to prevent them from being lured into equity partnerships or charging exorbitant rates. The biggest single expense in the current system, however, is the private health insurance industry, which consumes 33 percent of the $5 trillion healthcare budget. Health insurance CEOs consistently rank among the highest-paid executives in the country. Their companies, who are nothing more than bean counters, decide what procedures and drugs will be covered, partially covered, or denied altogether. This entire industry is designed to place profits above patients' lives. If the US dismantled its existing insurance-based system and replaced it with a fully reformed national healthcare model, the country could save $2.7 trillion annually while simultaneously improving health outcomes. Over the course of 10 years, those savings would amount to $27 trillion. This could wipe out nearly the entire national debt in a short time. This solution has been available for decades but has been systematically blocked by corporate lobbying and bipartisan corruption in Washington. The path forward is clear but only if American citizens demand a system where healthcare is valued as a public service and not a commodity. The national healthcare crisis is not just a fiscal issue. It is a crucial moral failure of the highest order. With the right reforms, the nation could simultaneously restore its financial health and deliver the kind of healthcare system its citizens have long deserved. American Healthcare: Corrupt, Broken and Lethal Richard Gale and Gary Null Progressive Radio Network, March 3, 2025 For a nation that prides itself on being the world's wealthiest, most innovative and technologically advanced, the US' healthcare system is nothing less than a disaster and disgrace. Not only are Americans the least healthy among the most developed nations, but the US' health system ranks dead last among high-income countries. Despite rising costs and our unshakeable faith in American medical exceptionalism, average life expectancy in the US has remained lower than other OECD nations for many years and continues to decline. The United Nations recognizes healthcare as a human right. In 2018, former UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon denounced the American healthcare system as "politically and morally wrong." During the pandemic it is estimated that two to three years was lost on average life expectancy. On the other hand, before the Covid-19 pandemic, countries with universal healthcare coverage found their average life expectancy stable or slowly increasing. The fundamental problem in the U.S. is that politics have been far too beholden to the pharmaceutical, HMO and private insurance industries. Neither party has made any concerted effort to reign in the corruption of corporate campaign funding and do what is sensible, financially feasible and morally correct to improve Americans' quality of health and well-being.   The fact that our healthcare system is horribly broken is proof that moneyed interests have become so powerful to keep single-payer debate out of the media spotlight and censored. Poll after poll shows that the American public favors the expansion of public health coverage. Other incremental proposals, including Medicare and Medicaid buy-in plans, are also widely preferred to the Affordable Care Act or Obamacare mess we are currently stuck with.   It is not difficult to understand how the dismal state of American medicine is the result of a system that has been sold out to the free-market and the bottom line interests of drug makers and an inflated private insurance industry. How advanced and ethically sound can a healthcare system be if tens of millions of people have no access to medical care because it is financially out of their reach?  The figures speak for themselves. The U.S. is burdened with a $41 trillion Medicare liability. The number of uninsured has declined during the past several years but still lingers around 25 million. An additional 30-35 million are underinsured. There are currently 65 million Medicare enrollees and 89 million Medicaid recipients. This is an extremely unhealthy snapshot of the country's ability to provide affordable healthcare and it is certainly unsustainable. The system is a public economic failure, benefiting no one except the large and increasingly consolidated insurance and pharmaceutical firms at the top that supervise the racket.   Our political parties have wrestled with single-payer or universal healthcare for decades. Obama ran his first 2008 presidential campaign on a single-payer platform. Since 1985, his campaign health adviser, the late Dr. Quentin Young from the University of Illinois Medical School, was one of the nation's leading voices calling for universal health coverage.  During a private conversation with Dr. Young shortly before his passing in 2016, he conveyed his sense of betrayal at the hands of the Obama administration. Dr. Young was in his 80s when he joined the Obama campaign team to help lead the young Senator to victory on a promise that America would finally catch up with other nations. The doctor sounded defeated. He shared how he was manipulated, and that Obama held no sincere intention to make universal healthcare a part of his administration's agenda. During the closed-door negotiations, which spawned the weak and compromised Affordable Care Act, Dr. Young was neither consulted nor invited to participate. In fact, he told us that he never heard from Obama again after his White House victory.   Past efforts to even raise the issue have been viciously attacked. A huge army of private interests is determined to keep the public enslaved to private insurers and high medical costs. The failure of our healthcare is in no small measure due to it being a fully for-profit operation. Last year, private health insurance accounted for 65 percent of coverage. Consider that there are over 900 private insurance companies in the US. National Health Expenditures (NHE) grew to $4.5 trillion in 2022, which was 17.3 percent of GDP. Older corporate rank-and-file Democrats and Republicans argue that a single-payer or socialized medical program is unaffordable. However, not only is single-payer affordable, it will end bankruptcies due to unpayable medical debt. In addition, universal healthcare, structured on a preventative model, will reduce disease rates at the outset.    Corporate Democrats argue that Obama's Affordable Care Act (ACA) was a positive step inching the country towards complete public coverage. However, aside from providing coverage to the poorest of Americans, Obamacare turned into another financial anchor around the necks of millions more. According to the health policy research group KFF, the average annual health insurance premium for single coverage is $8,400 and almost $24,000 for a family. In addition, patient out-of-pocket costs continue to increase, a 6.6% increase to $471 billion in 2022. Rather than healthcare spending falling, it has exploded, and the Trump and Biden administrations made matters worse.    Clearly, a universal healthcare program will require flipping the script on the entire private insurance industry, which employed over half a million people last year.  Obviously, the most volatile debate concerning a national universal healthcare system concerns cost. Although there is already a socialized healthcare system in place -- every federal legislator, bureaucrat, government employee and veteran benefits from it -- fiscal Republican conservatives and groups such as the Koch Brothers network are single-mindedly dedicated to preventing the expansion of Medicare and Medicaid. A Koch-funded Mercatus analysis made the outrageous claim that a single-payer system would increase federal health spending by $32 trillion in ten years. However, analyses and reviews by the Congressional Budget Office in the early 1990s concluded that such a system would only increase spending at the start; enormous savings would quickly offset it as the years pass. In one analysis, "the savings in administrative costs [10 percent of health spending] would be more than enough to offset the expense of universal coverage."    Defenders of those advocating for funding a National Health Program argue this can primarily be accomplished by raising taxes to levels comparable to other developed nations. This was a platform Senator Bernie Sanders and some of the younger progressive Democrats in the House campaigned on. The strategy was to tax the highest multimillion-dollar earners 60-70 percent. Despite the outrage of its critics, including old rank-and-file multi-millionaire Democrats like Nancy Pelosi and Chuck Schumer, this is still far less than in the past. During the Korean War, the top tax rate was 91 percent; it declined to 70 percent in the late 1960s. Throughout most of the 1970s, those in the lowest income bracket were taxed at 14 percent. We are not advocating for this strategy because it ignores where the funding is going, and the corruption in the system that is contributing to exorbitant waste.    But Democratic supporters of the ACA who oppose a universal healthcare plan ignore the additional taxes Obama levied to pay for the program. These included surtaxes on investment income, Medicare taxes from those earning over $200,000, taxes on tanning services, an excise tax on medical equipment, and a 40 percent tax on health coverage for costs over the designated cap that applied to flexible savings and health savings accounts. The entire ACA was reckless, sloppy and unnecessarily complicated from the start.    The fact that Obamacare further strengthened the distinctions between two parallel systems -- federal and private -- with entirely different economic structures created a labyrinth of red tape, rules, and wasteful bureaucracy. Since the ACA went into effect, over 150 new boards, agencies and programs have had to be established to monitor its 2,700 pages of gibberish. A federal single-payer system would easily eliminate this bureaucracy and waste.    A medical New Deal to establish universal healthcare coverage is a decisive step in the correct direction. But we must look at the crisis holistically and in a systematic way. Simply shuffling private insurance into a federal Medicare-for-all or buy-in program, funded by taxing the wealthiest of citizens, would only temporarily reduce costs. It will neither curtail nor slash escalating disease rates e. Any effective healthcare reform must also tackle the underlying reasons for Americans' poor state of health. We cannot shy away from examining the social illnesses infecting our entire free-market capitalist culture and its addiction to deregulation. A viable healthcare model would have to structurally transform how the medical economy operates. Finally, a successful medical New Deal must honestly evaluate the best and most reliable scientific evidence in order to effectively redirect public health spending.    For example, Dr. Ezekiel Emanuel, a former Obama healthcare adviser, observed that AIDS-HIV measures consume the most public health spending, even though the disease "ranked 75th on the list of diseases by personal health expenditures." On the other hand, according to the American Medical Association, a large percentage of the nation's $3.4 trillion healthcare spending goes towards treating preventable diseases, notably diabetes, common forms of heart disease, and back and neck pain conditions. In 2016, these three conditions were the most costly and accounted for approximately $277 billion in spending. Last year, the CDC announced the autism rate is now 1 in 36 children compared to 1 in 44 two years ago. A retracted study by Mark Blaxill, an autism activist at the Holland Center and a friend of the authors, estimates that ASD costs will reach $589 billion annually by 2030. There are no signs that this alarming trend will reverse and decline; and yet, our entire federal health system has failed to conscientiously investigate the underlying causes of this epidemic. All explanations that might interfere with the pharmaceutical industry's unchecked growth, such as over-vaccination, are ignored and viciously discredited without any sound scientific evidence. Therefore, a proper medical New Deal will require a systemic overhaul and reform of our federal health agencies, especially the HHS, CDC and FDA. Only the Robert Kennedy Jr presidential campaign is even addressing the crisis and has an inexpensive and comprehensive plan to deal with it. For any medical revolution to succeed in advancing universal healthcare, the plan must prioritize spending in a manner that serves public health and not private interests. It will also require reshuffling private corporate interests and their lobbyists to the sidelines, away from any strategic planning, in order to break up the private interests' control over federal agencies and its revolving door policies. Aside from those who benefit from this medical corruption, the overwhelming majority of Americans would agree with this criticism. However, there is a complete lack of national trust that our legislators, including the so-called progressives, would be willing to undertake such actions.    In addition, America's healthcare system ignores the single most critical initiative to reduce costs - that is, preventative efforts and programs instead of deregulation and closing loopholes designed to protect the drug and insurance industries' bottom line. Prevention can begin with banning toxic chemicals that are proven health hazards associated with current disease epidemics, and it can begin by removing a 1,000-plus toxins already banned in Europe. This should be a no-brainer for any legislator who cares for public health. For example, Stacy Malkan, co-founder of the Campaign for Safe Cosmetics, notes that "the policy approach in the US and Europe is dramatically different" when it comes to chemical allowances in cosmetic products. Whereas the EU has banned 1,328 toxic substances from the cosmetic industry alone, the US has banned only 11. The US continues to allow carcinogenic formaldehyde, petroleum, forever chemicals, many parabens (an estrogen mimicker and endocrine hormone destroyer), the highly allergenic p-phenylenediamine or PBD, triclosan, which has been associated with the rise in antibiotic resistant bacteria, avobenzone, and many others to be used in cosmetics, sunscreens, shampoo and hair dyes.   Next, the food Americans consume can be reevaluated for its health benefits. There should be no hesitation to tax the unhealthiest foods, such as commercial junk food, sodas and candy relying on high fructose corn syrup, products that contain ingredients proven to be toxic, and meat products laden with dangerous chemicals including growth hormones and antibiotics. The scientific evidence that the average American diet is contributing to rising disease trends is indisputable. We could also implement additional taxes on the public advertising of these demonstrably unhealthy products. All such tax revenue would accrue to a national universal health program to offset medical expenditures associated with the very illnesses linked to these products. Although such tax measures would help pay for a new medical New Deal, it may be combined with programs to educate the public about healthy nutrition if it is to produce a reduction in the most common preventable diseases. In fact, comprehensive nutrition courses in medical schools should be mandatory because the average physician receives no education in this crucial subject.  In addition, preventative health education should be mandatory throughout public school systems.   Private insurers force hospitals, clinics and private physicians into financial corners, and this is contributing to prodigious waste in money and resources. Annually, healthcare spending towards medical liability insurance costs tens of billions of dollars. In particular, this economic burden has taxed small clinics and physicians. It is well past the time that physician liability insurance is replaced with no-fault options. Today's doctors are spending an inordinate amount of money to protect themselves. Legions of liability and trial lawyers seek big paydays for themselves stemming from physician error. This has created a culture of fear among doctors and hospitals, resulting in the overly cautious practice of defensive medicine, driving up costs and insurance premiums just to avoid lawsuits. Doctors are forced to order unnecessary tests and prescribe more medications and medical procedures just to cover their backsides. No-fault insurance is a common-sense plan that enables physicians to pursue their profession in a manner that will reduce iatrogenic injuries and costs. Individual cases requiring additional medical intervention and loss of income would still be compensated. This would generate huge savings.    No other nation suffers from the scourge of excessive drug price gouging like the US. After many years of haggling to lower prices and increase access to generic drugs, only a minute amount of progress has been made in recent years. A 60 Minutes feature about the Affordable Care Act reported an "orgy of lobbying and backroom deals in which just about everyone with a stake in the $3-trillion-a-year health industry came out ahead—except the taxpayers.” For example, Life Extension magazine reported that an antiviral cream (acyclovir), which had lost its patent protection, "was being sold to pharmacies for 7,500% over the active ingredient cost. The active ingredient (acyclovir) costs only 8 pennies, yet pharmacies are paying a generic maker $600 for this drug and selling it to consumers for around $700." Other examples include the antibiotic Doxycycline. The price per pill averages 7 cents to $3.36 but has a 5,300 percent markup when it reaches the consumer. The antidepressant Clomipramine is marked up 3,780 percent, and the anti-hypertensive drug Captopril's mark-up is 2,850 percent. And these are generic drugs!    Medication costs need to be dramatically cut to allow drug manufacturers a reasonable but not obscene profit margin. By capping profits approximately 100 percent above all costs, we would save our system hundreds of billions of dollars. Such a measure would also extirpate the growing corporate misdemeanors of pricing fraud, which forces patients to pay out-of-pocket in order to make up for the costs insurers are unwilling to pay.    Finally, we can acknowledge that our healthcare is fundamentally a despotic rationing system based upon high insurance costs vis-a-vis a toss of the dice to determine where a person sits on the economic ladder. For the past three decades it has contributed to inequality. The present insurance-based economic metrics cast millions of Americans out of coverage because private insurance costs are beyond their means. Uwe Reinhardt, a Princeton University political economist, has called our system "brutal" because it "rations [people] out of the system." He defined rationing as "withholding something from someone that is beneficial." Discriminatory healthcare rationing now affects upwards to 60 million people who have been either priced out of the system or under insured. They make too much to qualify for Medicare under Obamacare, yet earn far too little to afford private insurance costs and premiums. In the final analysis, the entire system is discriminatory and predatory.    However, we must be realistic. Almost every member of Congress has benefited from Big Pharma and private insurance lobbyists. The only way to begin to bring our healthcare program up to the level of a truly developed nation is to remove the drug industry's rampant and unnecessary profiteering from the equation.     How did Fauci memory-hole a cure for AIDS and get away with it?   By Helen Buyniski   Over 700,000 Americans have died of AIDS since 1981, with the disease claiming some 42.3 million victims worldwide. While an HIV diagnosis is no longer considered a certain death sentence, the disease looms large in the public imagination and in public health funding, with contemporary treatments running into thousands of dollars per patient annually.   But was there a cure for AIDS all this time - an affordable and safe treatment that was ruthlessly suppressed and attacked by the US public health bureaucracy and its agents? Could this have saved millions of lives and billions of dollars spent on AZT, ddI and failed HIV vaccine trials? What could possibly justify the decision to disappear a safe and effective approach down the memory hole?   The inventor of the cure, Gary Null, already had several decades of experience creating healing protocols for physicians to help patients not responding well to conventional treatments by the time AIDS was officially defined in 1981. Null, a registered dietitian and board-certified nutritionist with a PhD in human nutrition and public health science, was a senior research fellow and Director of Anti-Aging Medicine at the Institute of Applied Biology for 36 years and has published over 950 papers, conducting groundbreaking experiments in reversing biological aging as confirmed with DNA methylation testing. Additionally, Null is a multi-award-winning documentary filmmaker, bestselling author, and investigative journalist whose work exposing crimes against humanity over the last 50 years has highlighted abuses by Big Pharma, the military-industrial complex, the financial industry, and the permanent government stay-behind networks that have come to be known as the Deep State.   Null was contacted in 1974 by Dr. Stephen Caiazza, a physician working with a subculture of gay men in New York living the so-called “fast track” lifestyle, an extreme manifestation of the gay liberation movement that began with the Stonewall riots. Defined by rampant sexual promiscuity and copious use of illegal and prescription drugs, including heavy antibiotic use for a cornucopia of sexually-transmitted diseases, the fast-track never included more than about two percent of gay men, though these dominated many of the bathhouses and clubs that defined gay nightlife in the era. These patients had become seriously ill as a result of their indulgence, generally arriving at the clinic with multiple STDs including cytomegalovirus and several types of herpes and hepatitis, along with candida overgrowth, nutritional deficiencies, gut issues, and recurring pneumonia. Every week for the next 10 years, Null would counsel two or three of these men - a total of 800 patients - on how to detoxify their bodies and de-stress their lives, tracking their progress with Caiazza and the other providers at weekly feedback meetings that he credits with allowing the team to quickly evaluate which treatments were most effective. He observed that it only took about two years on the “fast track” for a healthy young person to begin seeing muscle loss and the recurrent, lingering opportunistic infections that would later come to be associated with AIDS - while those willing to commit to a healthier lifestyle could regain their health in about a year.    It was with this background that Null established the Tri-State Healing Center in Manhattan in 1980, staffing the facility with what would eventually run to 22 certified health professionals to offer safe, natural, and effective low- and no-cost treatments to thousands of patients with HIV and AIDS-defining conditions. Null and his staff used variations of the protocols he had perfected with Caiazza's patients, a multifactorial patient-tailored approach that included high-dose vitamin C drips, intravenous ozone therapy, juicing and nutritional improvements and supplementation, aspects of homeopathy and naturopathy with some Traditional Chinese Medicine and Ayurvedic practices. Additional services offered on-site included acupuncture and holistic dentistry, while peer support groups were also held at the facility so that patients could find community and a positive environment, healing their minds and spirits while they healed their bodies.   “Instead of trying to kill the virus with antiretroviral pharmaceuticals designed to stop viral replication before it kills patients, we focused on what benefits could be gained by building up the patients' natural immunity and restoring biochemical integrity so the body could fight for itself,” Null wrote in a 2014 article describing the philosophy behind the Center's approach, which was wholly at odds with the pharmaceutical model.1   Patients were comprehensively tested every week, with any “recovery” defined solely by the labs, which documented AIDS patient after patient - 1,200 of them - returning to good health and reversing their debilitating conditions. Null claims to have never lost an AIDS patient in the Center's care, even as the death toll for the disease - and its pharmaceutical standard of care AZT - reached an all-time high in the early 1990s. Eight patients who had opted for a more intensive course of treatment - visiting the Center six days a week rather than one - actually sero-deconverted, with repeated subsequent testing showing no trace of HIV in their bodies.   As an experienced clinical researcher himself, Null recognized that any claims made by the Center would be massively scrutinized, challenging as they did the prevailing scientific consensus that AIDS was an incurable, terminal illness. He freely gave his protocols to any medical practitioner who asked, understanding that his own work could be considered scientifically valid only if others could replicate it under the same conditions. After weeks of daily observational visits to the Center, Dr. Robert Cathcart took the protocols back to San Francisco, where he excitedly reported that patients were no longer dying in his care.    Null's own colleague at the Institute of Applied Biology, senior research fellow Elana Avram, set up IV drip rooms at the Institute and used his intensive protocols to sero-deconvert 10 patients over a two-year period. While the experiment had been conducted in secret, as the Institute had been funded by Big Pharma since its inception half a century earlier, Avram had hoped she would be able to publish a journal article to further publicize Null's protocols and potentially help AIDS patients, who were still dying at incredibly high rates thanks to Burroughs Wellcome's noxious but profitable AZT. But as she would later explain in a 2019 letter to Null, their groundbreaking research never made it into print - despite meticulous documentation of their successes - because the Institute's director and board feared their pharmaceutical benefactors would withdraw the funding on which they depended, given that Null's protocols did not involve any patentable or otherwise profitable drugs. When Avram approached them about publication, the board vetoed the idea, arguing that it would “draw negative attention because [the work] was contrary to standard drug treatments.” With no real point in continuing experiments along those lines without institutional support and no hope of obtaining funding from elsewhere, the department she had created specifically for these experiments shut down after a two-year followup with her test subjects - all of whom remained alive and healthy - was completed.2   While the Center was receiving regular visits by this time from medical professionals and, increasingly, black celebrities like Stokely Carmichael and Isaac Hayes, who would occasionally perform for the patients, the news was spreading by word of mouth alone - not a single media outlet had dared to document the clinic that was curing AIDS patients for free. Instead, they gave airtime to Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergies and Infectious Diseases, who had for years been spreading baseless, hysteria-fueling claims about HIV and AIDS to any news outlet that would put him on. His claim that children could contract the virus from “ordinary household conduct” with an infected relative proved so outrageous he had to walk it back,3 and he never really stopped insisting the deadly plague associated with gays and drug users was about to explode like a nuclear bomb among the law-abiding heterosexual population. Fauci by this time controlled all government science funding through NIAID, and his zero-tolerance approach to dissent on the HIV/AIDS front had already seen prominent scientists like virologist Peter Duesberg stripped of the resources they needed for their work because they had dared to question his commandment: There is no cause of AIDS but HIV, and AZT is its treatment. Even the AIDS activist groups, which by then had been coopted by Big Pharma and essentially reduced to astroturfing for the toxic failed chemotherapy drug AZT backed by the institutional might of Fauci's NIAID,4 didn't seem to want to hear that there was a cure. Unconcerned with the irrationality of denouncing the man touting his free AIDS cure as an  “AIDS denier,” they warned journalists that platforming Null or anyone else rejecting the mainstream medical line would be met with organized demands for their firing.    Determined to breach the institutional iron curtain and get his message to the masses, Null and his team staged a press conference in New York, inviting scientists and doctors from around the world to share their research on alternative approaches to HIV and AIDS in 1993. To emphasize the sound scientific basis of the Center's protocols and encourage guests to adopt them into their own practices, Null printed out thousands of abstracts in support of each nutrient and treatment being used. However, despite over 7,000 invitations sent three times to major media, government figures, scientists, and activists, almost none of the intended audience members showed up. Over 100 AIDS patients and their doctors, whose charts exhaustively documented their improvements using natural and nontoxic modalities over the preceding 12 months, gave filmed testimonials, declaring that the feared disease was no longer a death sentence, but the conference had effectively been silenced. Bill Tatum, publisher of the Amsterdam News, suggested Null and his patients would find a more welcoming audience in his home neighborhood of Harlem - specifically, its iconic Apollo Theatre. For three nights, the theater was packed to capacity. Hit especially hard by the epidemic and distrustful of a medical system that had only recently stopped being openly racist (the Tuskegee syphilis experiment only ended in 1972), black Americans, at least, did not seem to care what Anthony Fauci would do if he found out they were investigating alternatives to AZT and death.    PBS journalist Tony Brown, having obtained a copy of the video of patient testimonials from the failed press conference, was among a handful of black journalists who began visiting the Center to investigate the legitimacy of Null's claims. Satisfied they had something significant to offer his audience, Brown invited eight patients - along with Null himself - onto his program over the course of several episodes to discuss the work. It was the first time these protocols had received any attention in the media, despite Null having released nearly two dozen articles and multiple documentaries on the subject by that time. A typical patient on one program, Al, a recovered IV drug user who was diagnosed with AIDS at age 32, described how he “panicked,” saw a doctor and started taking AZT despite his misgivings - only to be forced to discontinue the drug after just a few weeks due to his condition deteriorating rapidly. Researching alternatives brought him to Null, and after six months of “detoxing [his] lifestyle,” he observed his initial symptoms - swollen lymph nodes and weight loss - begin to reverse, culminating with sero-deconversion. On Bill McCreary's Channel 5 program, a married couple diagnosed with HIV described how they watched their T-cell counts increase as they cut out sugar, caffeine, smoking, and drinking and began eating a healthy diet. They also saw the virus leave their bodies.   For HIV-positive viewers surrounded by fear and negativity, watching healthy-looking, cheerful “AIDS patients” detail their recovery while Null backed up their claims with charts must have been balm for the soul. But the TV programs were also a form of outreach to the medical community, with patients' charts always on hand to convince skeptics the cure was scientifically valid. Null brought patients' charts to every program, urging them to keep an open mind: “Other physicians and public health officials should know that there's good science in the alternative perspective. It may not be a therapy that they're familiar with, because they're just not trained in it, but if the results are positive, and you can document them…” He challenged doubters to send in charts from their own sero-deconverted patients on AZT, and volunteered to debate proponents of the orthodox treatment paradigm - though the NIH and WHO both refused to participate in such a debate on Tony Brown's Journal, following Fauci's directive prohibiting engagement with forbidden ideas.    Aside from those few TV programs and Null's own films, suppression of Null's AIDS cure beyond word of mouth was total. The 2021 documentary The Cost of Denial, produced by the Society for Independent Journalists, tells the story of the Tri-State Healing Center and the medical paradigm that sought to destroy it, lamenting the loss of the lives that might have been saved in a more enlightened society. Nurse practitioner Luanne Pennesi, who treated many of the AIDS patients at the Center, speculated in the film that the refusal by the scientific establishment and AIDS activists to accept their successes was financially motivated. “It was as if they didn't want this information to get out. Understand that our healthcare system as we know it is a corporation, it's a corporate model, and it's about generating revenue. My concern was that maybe they couldn't generate enough revenue from these natural approaches.”5   Funding was certainly the main disciplinary tool Fauci's NIAID used to keep the scientific community in line. Despite the massive community interest in the work being done at the Center, no foundation or institution would defy Fauci and risk getting itself blacklisted, leaving Null to continue funding the operation out of his pocket with the profits from book sales. After 15 years, he left the Center in 1995, convinced the mainstream model had so thoroughly been institutionalized that there was no chance of overthrowing it. He has continued to counsel patients and advocate for a reappraisal of the HIV=AIDS hypothesis and its pharmaceutical treatments, highlighting the deeply flawed science underpinning the model of the disease espoused by the scientific establishment in 39 articles, six documentaries and a 700-page textbook on AIDS, but the Center's achievements have been effectively memory-holed by Fauci's multi-billion-dollar propaganda apparatus.     FRUIT OF THE POISONOUS TREE   To understand just how much of a threat Null's work was to the HIV/AIDS establishment, it is instructive to revisit the 1984 paper, published by Dr. Robert Gallo of the National Cancer Institute, that established HIV as the sole cause of AIDS. The CDC's official recognition of AIDS in 1981 had done little to quell the mounting public panic over the mysterious illness afflicting gay men in the US, as the agency had effectively admitted it had no idea what was causing them to sicken and die. As years passed with no progress determining the causative agent of the plague, activist groups like Gay Men's Health Crisis disrupted public events and threatened further mass civil disobedience as they excoriated the NIH for its sluggish allocation of government science funding to uncovering the cause of the “gay cancer.”6 When Gallo published his paper declaring that the retrovirus we now know as HIV was the sole “probable” cause of AIDS, its simple, single-factor hypothesis was the answer to the scientific establishment's prayers. This was particularly true for Fauci, as the NIAID chief was able to claim the hot new disease as his agency's own domain in what has been described as a “dramatic confrontation” with his rival Sam Broder at the National Cancer Institute. After all, Fauci pointed out, Gallo's findings - presented by Health and Human Services Secretary Margaret Heckler as if they were gospel truth before any other scientists had had a chance to inspect them, never mind conduct a full peer review - clearly classified AIDS as an infectious disease, and not a cancer like the Kaposi's sarcoma which was at the time its most visible manifestation. Money and media attention began pouring in, even as funding for the investigation of other potential causes of AIDS dried up. Having already patented a diagnostic test for “his” retrovirus before introducing it to the world, Gallo was poised for a financial windfall, while Fauci was busily leveraging the discovery into full bureaucratic empire of the US scientific apparatus.   While it would serve as the sole basis for all US government-backed AIDS research to follow - quickly turning Gallo into the most-cited scientist in the world during the 1980s,7 Gallo's “discovery” of HIV was deeply problematic. The sample that yielded the momentous discovery actually belonged to Prof. Luc Montagnier of the French Institut Pasteur, a fact Gallo finally admitted in 1991, four years after a lawsuit from the French government challenged his patent on the HIV antibody test, forcing the US government to negotiate a hasty profit-sharing agreement between Gallo's and Montagnier's labs. That lawsuit triggered a cascade of official investigations into scientific misconduct by Gallo, and evidence submitted during one of these probes, unearthed in 2008 by journalist Janine Roberts, revealed a much deeper problem with the seminal “discovery.” While Gallo's co-author, Mikulas Popovic, had concluded after numerous experiments with the French samples that the virus they contained was not the cause of AIDS, Gallo had drastically altered the paper's conclusion, scribbling his notes in the margins, and submitted it for publication to the journal Science without informing his co-author.   After Roberts shared her discovery with contacts in the scientific community, 37 scientific experts wrote to the journal demanding that Gallo's career-defining HIV paper be retracted from Science for lacking scientific integrity.8 Their call, backed by an endorsement from the 2,600-member scientific organization Rethinking AIDS, was ignored by the publication and by the rest of mainstream science despite - or perhaps because of - its profound implications.   That 2008 letter, addressed to Science editor-in-chief Bruce Alberts and copied to American Association for the Advancement of Science CEO Alan Leshner, is worth reproducing here in its entirety, as it utterly dismantles Gallo's hypothesis - and with them the entire HIV is the sole cause of AIDS dogma upon which the contemporary medical model of the disease rests:   On May 4, 1984 your journal published four papers by a group led by Dr. Robert Gallo. We are writing to express our serious concerns with regard to the integrity and veracity of the lead paper among these four of which Dr. Mikulas Popovic is the lead author.[1] The other three are also of concern because they rely upon the conclusions of the lead paper .[2][3][4]  In the early 1990s, several highly critical reports on the research underlying these papers were produced as a result of governmental inquiries working under the supervision of scientists nominated by the National Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Medicine. The Office of Research Integrity of the US Department of Health and Human Services concluded that the lead paper was “fraught with false and erroneous statements,” and that the “ORI believes that the careless and unacceptable keeping of research records...reflects irresponsible laboratory management that has permanently impaired the ability to retrace the important steps taken.”[5] Further, a Congressional Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations led by US Representative John D. Dingell of Michigan produced a staff report on the papers which contains scathing criticisms of their integrity.[6]  Despite the publically available record of challenges to their veracity, these papers have remained uncorrected and continue to be part of the scientific record.  What prompts our communication today is the recent revelation of an astonishing number of previously unreported deletions and unjustified alterations made by Gallo to the lead paper. There are several documents originating from Gallo's laboratory that, while available for some time, have only recently been fully analyzed. These include a draft of the lead paper typewritten by Popovic which contains handwritten changes made to it by Gallo.[7] This draft was the key evidence used in the above described inquiries to establish that Gallo had concealed his laboratory's use of a cell culture sample (known as LAV) which it received from the Institut Pasteur.  These earlier inquiries verified that the typed manuscript draft was produced by Popovic who had carried out the recorded experiment while his laboratory chief, Gallo, was in Europe and that, upon his return, Gallo changed the document by hand a few days before it was submitted to Science on March 30, 1984. According to the ORI investigation, “Dr. Gallo systematically rewrote the manuscript for what would become a renowned LTCB [Gallo's laboratory at the National Cancer Institute] paper.”[5]  This document provided the important evidence that established the basis for awarding Dr. Luc Montagnier and Dr. Francoise Barré-Sinoussi the 2008 Nobel Prize in Medicine for the discovery of the AIDS virus by proving it was their samples of LAV that Popovic used in his key experiment. The draft reveals that Popovic had forthrightly admitted using the French samples of LAV renamed as Gallo's virus, HTLV-III, and that Gallo had deleted this admission, concealing their use of LAV.  However, it has not been previously reported that on page three of this same document Gallo had also deleted Popovic's unambiguous statement that, "Despite intensive research efforts, the causative agent of AIDS has not yet been identified,” replacing it in the published paper with a statement that said practically the opposite, namely, “That a retrovirus of the HTLV family might be an etiologic agent of AIDS was suggested by the findings.”  It is clear that the rest of Popovic's typed paper is entirely consistent with his statement that the cause of AIDS had not been found, despite his use of the French LAV. Popovic's final conclusion was that the culture he produced “provides the possibility” for detailed studies. He claimed to have achieved nothing more. At no point in his paper did Popovic attempt to prove that any virus caused AIDS, and it is evident that Gallo concealed these key elements in Popovic's experimental findings.  It is astonishing now to discover these unreported changes to such a seminal document. We can only assume that Gallo's alterations of Popovic's conclusions were not highlighted by earlier inquiries because the focus at the time was on establishing that the sample used by Gallo's lab came from Montagnier and was not independently collected by Gallo. In fact, the only attention paid to the deletions made by Gallo pertains to his effort to hide the identity of the sample. The questions of whether Gallo and Popovic's research proved that LAV or any other virus was the cause of AIDS were clearly not considered.  Related to these questions are other long overlooked documents that merit your attention. One of these is a letter from Dr. Matthew A. Gonda, then Head of the Electron Microscopy Laboratory at the National Cancer Institute, which is addressed to Popovic, copied to Gallo and dated just four days prior to Gallo's submission to Science.[8] In this letter, Gonda remarks on samples he had been sent for imaging because “Dr Gallo wanted these micrographs for publication because they contain HTLV.” He states, “I do not believe any of the particles photographed are of HTLV-I, II or III.” According to Gonda, one sample contained cellular debris, while another had no particles near the size of a retrovirus. Despite Gonda's clearly worded statement, Science published on May 4, 1984 papers attributed to Gallo et al with micrographs attributed to Gonda and described unequivocally as HTLV-III.  In another letter by Gallo, dated one day before he submitted his papers to Science, Gallo states, “It's extremely rare to find fresh cells [from AIDS patients] expressing the virus... cell culture seems to be necessary to induce virus,” a statement which raises the possibility he was working with a laboratory artifact. [9]  Included here are copies of these documents and links to the same. The very serious flaws they reveal in the preparation of the lead paper published in your journal in 1984 prompts our request that this paper be withdrawn. It appears that key experimental findings have been concealed. We further request that the three associated papers published on the same date also be withdrawn as they depend on the accuracy of this paper.  For the scientific record to be reliable, it is vital that papers shown to be flawed, or falsified be retracted. Because a very public record now exists showing that the Gallo papers drew unjustified conclusions, their withdrawal from Science is all the more important to maintain integrity. Future researchers must also understand they cannot rely on the 1984 Gallo papers for statements about HIV and AIDS, and all authors of papers that previously relied on this set of four papers should have the opportunity to consider whether their own conclusions are weakened by these revelations.      Gallo's handwritten revision, submitted without his colleague's knowledge despite multiple experiments that failed to support the new conclusion, was the sole foundation for the HIV=AIDS hypothesis. Had Science published the manuscript the way Popovic had typed it, there would be no AIDS “pandemic” - merely small clusters of people with AIDS. Without a viral hypothesis backing the development of expensive and deadly pharmaceuticals, would Fauci have allowed these patients to learn about the cure that existed all along?   Faced with a potential rebellion, Fauci marshaled the full resources under his control to squelch the publication of the investigations into Gallo and restrict any discussion of competing hypotheses in the scientific and mainstream press, which had been running virus-scare stories full-time since 1984. The effect was total, according to biochemist Dr. Kary Mullis, inventor of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure. In a 2009 interview, Mullis recalled his own shock when he attempted to unearth the experimental basis for the HIV=AIDS hypothesis. Despite his extensive inquiry into the literature, “there wasn't a scientific reference…[that] said ‘here's how come we know that HIV is the probable cause of AIDS.' There was nothing out there like that.”9 This yawning void at the core of HIV/AIDS “science" turned him into a strident critic of AIDS dogma - and those views made him persona non grata where the scientific press was concerned, suddenly unable to publish a single paper despite having won the Nobel Prize for his invention of the PCR test just weeks before.  10   DISSENT BECOMES “DENIAL”   While many of those who dissent from the orthodox HIV=AIDS view believe HIV plays a role in the development of AIDS, they point to lifestyle and other co-factors as being equally if not more important. Individuals who test positive for HIV can live for decades in perfect health - so long as they don't take AZT or the other toxic antivirals fast-tracked by Fauci's NIAID - but those who developed full-blown AIDS generally engaged in highly risky behaviors like extreme promiscuity and prodigious drug abuse, contracting STDs they took large quantities of antibiotics to treat, further running down their immune systems. While AIDS was largely portrayed as a “gay disease,” it was only the “fast track” gays, hooking up with dozens of partners nightly in sex marathons fueled by “poppers” (nitrate inhalants notorious for their own devastating effects on the immune system), who became sick. Kaposi's sarcoma, one of the original AIDS-defining conditions, was widespread among poppers-using gay men, but never appeared among IV drug users or hemophiliacs, the other two main risk groups during the early years of the epidemic. Even Robert Gallo himself, at a 1994 conference on poppers held by the National Institute on Drug Abuse, would admit that the previously-rare form of skin cancer surging among gay men was not primarily caused by HIV - and that it was immune stimulation, rather than suppression, that was likely responsible.11 Similarly, IV drug users are often riddled with opportunistic infections as their habit depresses the immune system and their focus on maintaining their addiction means that healthier habits - like good nutrition and even basic hygiene - fall by the wayside.    Supporting the call for revising the HIV=AIDS hypothesis to include co-factors is the fact that the mass heterosexual outbreaks long predicted by Fauci and his ilk in seemingly every country on Earth have failed to materialize, except - supposedly - in Africa, where the diagnostic standard for AIDS differs dramatically from those of the West. Given the prohibitively high cost of HIV testing for poor African nations, the WHO in 1985 crafted a diagnostic loophole that became known as the “Bangui definition,” allowing medical professionals to diagnose AIDS in the absence of a test using just clinical symptoms: high fever, persistent cough, at least 30 days of diarrhea, and the loss of 10% of one's body weight within two months. Often suffering from malnutrition and without access to clean drinking water, many of the inhabitants of sub-Saharan Africa fit the bill, especially when the WHO added tuberculosis to the list of AIDS-defining illnesses in 1993 - a move which may be responsible for as many as one half of African “AIDS” cases, according to journalist Christine Johnson. The WHO's former Chief of Global HIV Surveillance, James Chin, acknowledged their manipulation of statistics, but stressed that it was the entire AIDS industry - not just his organization - perpetrating the fraud. “There's the saying that, if you knew what sausages are made of, most people would hesitate to sort of eat them, because they wouldn't like what's in it. And if you knew how HIV/AIDS numbers are cooked, or made up, you would use them with extreme caution,” Chin told an interviewer in 2009.12   With infected numbers stubbornly remaining constant in the US despite Fauci's fearmongering projections of the looming heterosexually-transmitted plague, the CDC in 1993 broadened its definition of AIDS to include asymptomatic (that is, healthy) HIV-positive people with low T-cell counts - an absurd criteria given that an individual's T-cell count can fluctuate by hundreds within a single day. As a result, the number of “AIDS cases” in the US immediately doubled. Supervised by Fauci, the NIAID had been quietly piling on diseases into the “AIDS-related” category for years, bloating the list from just two conditions - pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and Kaposi's sarcoma - to 30 so fast it raised eyebrows among some of science's leading lights. Deeming the entire process “bizarre” and unprecedented, Kary Mullis wondered aloud why no one had called the AIDS establishment out: “There's something wrong here. And it's got to be financial.”13   Indeed, an early CDC public relations campaign was exposed by the Wall Street Journal in 1987 as having deliberately mischaracterized AIDS as a threat to the entire population so as to garner increased public and private funding for what was very much a niche issue, with the risk to average heterosexuals from a single act of sex “smaller than the risk of ever getting hit by lightning.” Ironically, the ads, which sought to humanize AIDS patients in an era when few Americans knew anyone with the disease and more than half the adult population thought infected people should be forced to carry cards warning of their status, could be seen as a reaction to the fear tactics deployed by Fauci early on.14   It's hard to tell where fraud ends and incompetence begins with Gallo's HIV antibody test. Much like Covid-19 would become a “pandemic of testing,” with murder victims and motorcycle crashes lumped into “Covid deaths” thanks to over-sensitized PCR tests that yielded as many as 90% false positives,15 HIV testing is fraught with false positives - and unlike with Covid-19, most people who hear they are HIV-positive still believe they are receiving a death sentence. Due to the difficulty of isolating HIV itself from human samples, the most common diagnostic tests, ELISA and the Western Blot, are designed to detect not the virus but antibodies to it, upending the traditional medical understanding that the presence of antibodies indicates only exposure - and often that the body has actually vanquished the pathogen. Patients are known to test positive for HIV antibodies in the absence of the virus due to at least 70 other conditions, including hepatitis, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, syphilis, recent vaccination or even pregnancy. (https://www.chcfl.org/diseases-that-can-cause-a-false-positive-hiv-test/) Positive results are often followed up with a PCR “viral load” test, even though the inventor of the PCR technique Kary Mullis famously condemned its misuse as a tool for diagnosing infection. Packaging inserts for all three tests warn the user that they cannot be reliably used to diagnose HIV.16 The ELISA HIV antibody test explicitly states: “At present there is no recognized standard for establishing the presence and absence of HIV antibody in human blood.”17   That the public remains largely unaware of these and other massive holes in the supposedly airtight HIV=AIDS=DEATH paradigm is a testament to Fauci's multi-layered control of the press. Like the writers of the Great Barrington Declaration and other Covid-19 dissidents, scientists who question HIV/AIDS dogma have been brutally punished for their heresy, no matter how prestigious their prior standing in the field and no matter how much evidence they have for their own claims. In 1987, the year the FDA's approval of AZT made AIDS the most profitable epidemic yet (a dubious designation Covid-19 has since surpassed), Fauci made it clearer than ever that scientific inquiry and debate - the basis of the scientific method - would no longer be welcome in the American public health sector, eliminating retrovirologist Peter Duesberg, then one of the most prominent opponents of the HIV=AIDS hypothesis, from the scientific conversation with a professional disemboweling that would make a cartel hitman blush. Duesberg had just eviscerated Gallo's 1984 HIV paper with an article of his own in the journal Cancer Research, pointing out that retroviruses had never before been found to cause a single disease in humans - let alone 30 AIDS-defining diseases. Rather than allow Gallo or any of the other scientists in his camp to respond to the challenge, Fauci waged a scorched-earth campaign against Duesberg, who had until then been one of the most highly regarded researchers in his field. Every research grant he requested was denied; every media appearance was canceled or preempted. The University of California at Berkeley, unable to fully fire him due to tenure, took away his lab, his graduate students, and the rest of his funding. The few colleagues who dared speak up for him in public were also attacked, while enemies and opportunists were encouraged to slander Duesberg at the conferences he was barred from attending and in the journals that would no longer publish his replies. When Duesberg was summoned to the White House later that year by then-President Ronald Reagan to debate Fauci on the origins of AIDS, Fauci convinced the president to cancel, allegedly pulling rank on the Commander-in-Chief with an accusation that the “White House was interfering in scientific matters that belonged to the NIH and the Office of Science and Technology Assessment.” After seven years of this treatment, Duesberg was contacted by NIH official Stephen O'Brien and offered an escape from professional purgatory. He could have “everything back,” he was told, and shown a manuscript of a scientific paper - apparently commissioned by the editor of the journal Nature - “HIV Causes AIDS: Koch's Postulates Fulfilled” with his own name listed alongside O'Brien's as an author.18 His refusal to take the bribe effectively guaranteed the epithet “AIDS denier” will appear on his tombstone. The character assassination of Duesberg became a template that would be deployed to great effectiveness wherever Fauci encountered dissent - never debate, only demonize, deplatform and destroy.    Even Luc Montagnier, the real discoverer of HIV, soon found himself on the wrong side of the Fauci machine. With his 1990 declaration that “the HIV virus [by itself] is harmless and passive, a benign virus,” Montagnier began distancing himself from Gallo's fraud, effectively placing a target on his own back. In a 1995 interview, he elaborated: “four factors that have come together to account for the sudden epidemic [of AIDS]: HIV presence, immune hyper-activation, increased sexually transmitted disease incidence, sexual behavior changes and other behavioral changes” such as drug use, poor nutrition and stress - all of which he said had to occur “essentially simultaneously” for HIV to be transmitted, creating the modern epidemic. Like the professionals at the Tri-State Healing Center, Montagnier advocated for the use of antioxidants like vitamin C and N-acetyl cysteine, naming oxidative stress as a critical factor in the progression from HIV to AIDS.19 When Montagnier died in 2022, Fauci's media mouthpieces sneered that the scientist (who was awarded the Nobel Prize in 2008 for his discovery of HIV, despite his flagging faith in that discovery's significance) “started espousing views devoid of a scientific basis” in the late 2000s, leading him to be “shunned by the scientific community.”20 In a particularly egregious jab, the Washington Post's obit sings the praises of Robert Gallo, implying it was the American scientist who really should have won the Nobel for HIV, while dismissing as “

Quantum Nurse https://graceasagra.com/  presents Freedom International Livestream On Tuesday, Oct 22, 2024 @ 12:00 PM EST SOURCE CONSCIOUSNESS SERIES Featured Guest:  Dieter Broers, BioPhysicist Topic: Solar Revolution: Exploring the Quantum Physics Aspects of an Interconnected Conscious Cosmos. www.dieterbroers.com   Guest Bio/Info: Dieter Broers, a distinguished German biophysicist born in 1951, has made remarkable contributions to the fields of frequency and regulation therapy since the 1980s. With an impressive portfolio of 113 international patents primarily focused on medical therapy and research, Broers has specialized in exploring the effects of weak (non-thermal) electromagnetic fields on biological systems. His pivotal role as project leader for a BMFT initiative in 1987, part of the "Applied Biology and Biotechnology" program, showcased his ability to coordinate an interdisciplinary team involving eleven renowned university departments, including the TU Berlin, FU Berlin, and Humboldt University Berlin. This collaborative effort yielded innovative therapeutic methods utilizing 150 MHz radio waves, ultimately leading to the approval of a specialized frequency generator as a medical device, compliant with contemporary European Medical Device Regulations.   Conversation of Dieter Broers and Dr. Jere Rivera-Dugenio, PhD https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YpXJTPPcsMw   Creator Host   Grace Asagra, RN MA, QMPPhD Podcast:  Quantum Nurse: Out of the Rabbit Hole from Stress to Bliss TIP/DONATE LINK for Grace Asagra @ Quantum Nurse Podcast https://www.paypal.com/donate/?hosted_button_id=FHUXTQVAVJDPU Venmo - @Grace-Asagra 609-203-5854 https://patron.podbean.com/QuantumNurse https://graceasagra.com/   WELLNESS RESOURCES Optimal Health and Wellness with Grace Virtual Dispensary Link (Designs for Health)               2https://www.designsforhealth.com/u/optimalhealthwellness Quantum Nurse Eternal Health (Face Skin Care, Protein Powder and Elderberry) https://www.quantumnurseeternalhealth.com/   Co-host: Dr. Alfredo, QMPPhD Email: DrAlfredoQMPPhD@ gmail.com   Co-host: George Chirco, EE, BS, MQMP-www.GraceAsagra.com-QRA Vastu Master Practitioner –IN-PERSON Consultation -New Jersey, New York City, Philadelphia and surrounding areas or VIRTUAL

This episode's Community Champion Sponsor is Ossur. To learn more about their ‘Responsible for Tomorrow' Sustainability Campaign, and how you can get involved: CLICK HERE---Episode Overview: What if we could advance brain health by making early detection of cognitive disorders accessible to everyone? Our next guest, Dr. David Bates, is on a mission to do just that as the CEO and co-founder of Linus Health. With a diverse background spanning science, engineering, and entrepreneurship, David brings a unique perspective to the challenges of brain health. Linus Health is leveraging cutting-edge neuroscience, clinical expertise, and artificial intelligence to transform how we detect and address cognitive and brain disorders. While together, David shares how Linus Health's innovative digital cognitive assessment platform is empowering healthcare providers with actionable insights and supporting individuals with personalized action plans. Join us as we explore David's vision for a future where proactive brain health is the norm, potentially changing millions of lives worldwide. Let's go!Episode Highlights:David discusses the formation of Linus Health, inspired by his fascination with the brain and a pivotal conversation with a cognitive neurologist, leading to the company's founding in June 2019.Linus Health uses AI, sensors, and advanced analytics to deliver brain health insights and action plans, enabling people to take agency over their brain health and live their best lives.The company addresses a critical gap in healthcare, with 92% of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) cases currently undiagnosed and potentially long wait times for specialist care.Linus Health's platform mimics the observational skills of neurological specialists using AI, allowing for detailed analysis of cognitive function and potentially reducing diagnosis time from months to a single appointment.David envisions a future where brain health is given as much importance as heart health in standard care, with expanded capabilities to assess various neurological conditions and empower individuals to optimize their brain health from a younger age.About our Guest: David is the CEO and co-founder of Linus Health. He is a scientist, engineer, inventor, entrepreneur and investor. David was a founding partner of Tamarisc Ventures and he co-founded Bode, a tech-enabled hospitality company for group travel. He is on the board of several technology companies, as well as the philanthropic TMCity Foundation. David has previously held positions at Morningside Ventures, F-Wave, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, University of Louisville, and Georgia Tech. David earned his PhD in Chemical and Materials Engineering from the University of Auckland and earned his BS and MSc in Applied Biology from the Georgia Institute of Technology. He resides in Boston with his wife and kids.Links Supporting This Episode:Linus Health Website: CLICK HEREDavid Bates LinkedIn page: CLICK HEREDavid Bates LinkedIn page: CLICK HERE Mike Biselli LinkedIn page: CLICK HEREMike Biselli Twitter page: CLICK...

My guest today is an award-winning creator and writer of comic books. Born into a Staffordshire working-class family, he was a student of Applied Biology at Bath University when he started contributing to the prominent computer games magazine Amiga Power. Upon graduation, my guest joined the staff of PC Gamer, then left the magazine to go freelance in 2003. The following year he published a highly influential manifesto calling for a new mode of first-person, subjective writing about video games that he dubbed New Games Journalism. Two years later, he published his first comic book, Phonogram, which described music as a kind of transformational magic. After founding the PC gaming website Rock, Paper, Shotgun in 2007, my guest left journalism for good to work on comic books, including X-Men, Iron Man, and Star Wars, a series for which he also created the character, Doctor Aphra. He has continued to work on his own projects, including Wicked + the Divine, Once & Future and DIE, a horror series about tabletop role-playing games for which he received four of his six Hugo Award nominations. Thank you for listening to My Perfect Console. Please consider becoming a supporter; your small monthly donation will help to make the podcast sustainable for the long term, contributing toward the cost of equipment, editing, and hosting episodes. https://plus.acast.com/s/my-perfect-console. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Laurie B. Jones, MD, FAAP, IBCLC, FABM, Pediatrician at Agave Pediatrics, talks about the value of breast milk and challenges mothers overcome when breastfeeding their newborns. Dr. Jones is a speaker and educator for physicians and others in health care on the topics of nutrition, feeding, and breastfeeding medicine. She founded Dr. MILK, a physician mother breastfeeding support network. Dr. Jones received a Bachelor of Science degree in Applied Biology from Georgia Tech and graduated from the Medical College of Georgia. She completed residency at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. Hosted and produced by John McElligott. Arizona Physician Podcast is a production of the Maricopa County Medical Society. Get involved with organized medicine.

In this special episode, Bill Banham talks with Marc Coleman ahead of UNLEASH America happening April 26 and 27 in Las Vegas. Marc is Founder & CEO of UNLEASH, a top marketplace for HR, learning, and recruitment leaders. Questions for Marc include:What HR technology trends are you excited about right now?How do you imagine AI to play into the future of work and employee hiring & retention?What does it take to have a successful HR event in 2023?What is your goal in creating an event like UNLEASH America? Any specific goals for this year's event?How do UNLEASH events contribute to the brand? And the HR community?What do you expect to be some of the hot topics of discussion on this year's expo floor?  Looking back, what have been some of your biggest lessons learned from hosting past UNLEASH Americas? Talk about other upcoming UNLEASH events we can look forward to in 2023.More About Marc ColemanMarc is passionate about building global communities that imagine, create and power the new working world. Behind the scenes, he enjoys researching organizational design and transformation on the ideas that work, and mining for the know-how that inspires intelligent action and lifelong learning. Since 2008, Marc has created a number of successful HR brands to help build and shape trusted HR communities worldwide. Marc has worked with 100's of startups globally and hosted the world's first and longest-running startup competition in HR since 2011. These startups have since raised over $10 billion.Prior to the Pandemic, UNLEASH entered the Inc. 5000 - the world's fastest-growing companies and listed in the top 30% with a 212% growth average over 3yrs. Marc has a Higher Diploma in Quality Control Management, Applied Biology & Physics, a BSc in Microbiology, and an MSc in Biotechnology.We do our best to ensure editorial objectivity. The views and ideas shared by our guests and sponsors are entirely independent of The HR Gazette, HRchat Podcast and Iceni Media Inc.   

Kevin Matthews and Matt Miles talk about biologicals and their plans for spring applied biology with Concept AgriTek's Mark Glastetter while at the 2023 National Farm Machinery Show in Louisville, Kentucky.

Affiliate: Nootropics Depot, click HERE to access the websiteWelcome to the first episode and first season of Stress Less Sunday. To kick off this segment I sat down with local chiropractor Dr. Hillary Hushower Jones who told us how she is able to manage her stress especially as a wife, mother and now a business owner of 2 companies including her chiropractic office. Hillary's Bio: Dr. Hillary Hushower is originally from Michigan, where she completed her Bachelor's degree in Applied Biology at Ferris State University. She then lived in Iowa where she completed her chiropractic degree from Palmer College of Chiropractic.Dr. Hillary is certified in chiropractic pediatrics.Hilary has been serving the Indianapolis area since 2007 as a chiropractor and owner of Rangeline Chiropractic and since 2021 has been coaching local and nationwide businesses in her new endeavor HHJ Consulting.In her spare time, Dr. Hillary enjoys outdoors activities, playing with her kids, and traveling with her husband.Guest's Links:Rangeline Chiropractic Website https://rangelinechiropractic.com/HHJ Consulting Website https://hhjconsulting.com/#homeFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/RangelineChiropracticFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/HHJConsultingSupport the showJoin my emailing list for monthly updates including podcast episodes and launching of Healthy Achievher executive health coaching - http://bit.ly/monthlyupdatesemailEmail me: therootofourhealth@gmail.com

Sterilization for medical devices is a critical topic. Now when you are developing your Medical Device, you should start by asking which sterilization process you should follow for your devices because this will lead to the question of which material you should use to build your device… So to help us have a clear understanding of how Sterilization should be defined for your medical devices, I have invited Jane Scally from Trinzo. Who is Jane Scally? Jane has supported medical device manufacturers around the world in the areas of quality management systems, remediation, strategic growth and planning, M&A due diligence and integration management, MDR transition, biocompatibility, and sterilization. Jane has Notified Body experience, performing QMS site audits in tandem with technical documentation reviews. These activities supported manufacturers maintaining their certification under the Directives and those transitioning to MDR 2017/745. Jane holds a Bachelor of Science in Applied Biology and Biopharmaceutical Science, a Higher Diploma in Pharmaceutical Business, and a Master of Science in Medical Technology Regulatory Affairs. Who is Monir El Azzouzi? Monir El Azzouzi is a Medical Device Expert specializing in Quality and Regulatory Affairs. After working for many years with big Healthcare companies, particularly Johnson and Johnson, he decided to create EasyMedicalDevice.com to help people better understand Medical Device Regulations worldwide. He has now created the consulting firm Easy Medical Device GmbH and developed many ways to deliver knowledge through videos, podcasts, online courses… His company also acts as Authorized Representative for the EU, UK, and Switzerland. Easy Medical Device becomes a one-stop shop for medical device manufacturers that need support on Quality and Regulatory Affairs. Links Jane Scally LinkedIn Profile: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jane-scally-b07206a5/ Trinzo Website: https://www.trinzo.com/ EU UK Swiss Authorized Representative and Importer: https://easymedicaldevice.com/authorised-representative-and-importer/ eQMS Scube SmartEye: https://scube-technologies.com/

Erin Ryan and Aaron Pete sit down on episode 70 of the Bigger Than Me Podcast to talk Erin developing a passion for nature, attending UBC for a degree in biology, her graduate research on rodent pest control, the Jane Goodall Act, having tigers as pets, and so much more. Erin Ryan is a Wild Animal Welfare Specialist with the BC SPCA's Science & Policy Division. Much of her work focuses on urban wildlife, including wildlife and rodent “pest” control. She has experience in research, communications, stakeholder relations, fundraising and event planning. Erin holds a BSc in Applied Biology and an MSc in Applied Animal Biology from the University of British Columbia. Erin is a proud member of the Syilx nation. Erin has been a passionate follower of The Fur-Bearers for many years with a shared passion for improving wildlife welfare and ending inhumane trapping. In 2019, she was a co-recipient of the Clements Award for “Outstanding Organization”, awarded to the AnimalKind program. Support the BC SPCA: https://spca.bc.ca/ Support the Fur-Bearers: https://thefurbearers.com/ Listen on Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/7jl39CsCYhImbLevAF6aTe?si=dc4479f225ff440b Listen on Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/ca/podcast/bigger-than-me-podcast/id1517645921 Listen on Google Podcasts: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5idXp6c3Byb3V0LmNvbS8xMDc3MjYyLnJzcw?sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiA8JKF2tT0AhUPmp4KHR2rAPkQ9sEGegQIARAC Chapters: 0:00:00 Connecting with Nature 0:43:41 Rodent Pest Control 1:33:10 Government Policy 1:58:52 TIGERS AS PETS??? 2:12:53 Wolf Culling in B.C. 2:24:16 How to Co-exist with Nature 2:30:47 How Can People Help?

Deepak Gupta   Deepak is a Managing Partner at Blue Bear Ventures (BVB), a seed fund investing in Applied Biology and Sustainable Economy startups emerging out of top-tier research universities in the US. He is also a startup leadership coach and coaches' founders through their entrepreneurial journey. As a trusted advisor, he helps individuals with functional expertise in every facet of startup operations, from C-level support to finance and accounting, from fundraising to culture development, and everything else in between.     We talk about What milestones should a company hit before going out for an A round? What is Venture Debt? How has deep tech changed in the last 20 years? How does an investor plan out their milestones?   And much more...   Connect with Deepak Gupta @DGuptaSF deepak.gupta@bbv.io linkedin.com/in/deepaksgupta

Show Sponsors: CooperVision MacuHealth Get the exact code every time and protect against and audits with AutoCoder at https://eyecodeeducation.com/pages/autocoder Dr. Kristin O'Brien grew up in Midland, Michigan where, from an early age, she had her eye set on a future in optometry. Dr. O'Brien attended Ferris State University in Big Rapids, Michigan where she earned her Bachelor's Degree in Applied Biology with a Vision Science concentration. She went on to complete her Doctor of Optometry (OD) degree at the Michigan College of Optometry (MCO) and graduated in 2013. Dr. O'Brien has additional training in the areas of low vision, pediatrics, specialty contact lenses and working with patients who have a mental or physical handicap. She particularly enjoys getting to know her patients and takes pride in providing exceptional eye care. While in school Dr. O'Brien founded the Michigan Optometric Student Private Practice Association (MOSPPA) and was influential in beginning the Student Optometric Leadership Network (SOLutioN) of which she has served as President, followed by the Executive Director and is now on the Alumni Board. She also spends time on the lecture circuit, speaking about private practice and the business aspects of the profession with Optometric Insights to inspire success in future generations of optometrists. She currently leads the Vision Source NEXT Student Program with the goal of providing resources to students most interested in private practice optometry. Dr. O'Brien has earned multiple honors as an optometrist; early in her career with the Marchon Practice Management Award and the William Feinbloom Low Vision Award and later was named the 2016 International Vision Council Next Generation Innovator. Most notably, Dr. O'Brien was awarded the 2017 Colorado Optometric Association Young OD of the Year. Dr. O'Brien moved from Michigan to Colorado in 2013 and opened a cold start private practice with two business partners and the help of many mentors who have guided her along the way. In 2019, Dr. O'Brien moved to Huntersville, NC, traded mountain views for life on Lake Norman, and opened Denver Eye Care & Eyewear Gallery April 1, 2021. From Denver, CO to Denver, NC, Dr. O'Brien finally feels at home and is looking forward to caring for the Denver, NC community at Denver Eye Care & Eyewear Gallery!

Upclose with Dr. Mrs Linda Aurelia Ofori, Senior Lecturer, Department of Theoretical and Applied Biology, Knust- Discussing Ensuring gender equality today for a sustainable tomorrow -International women's day.

Today is International Day of Women and Girls in Science 2022, and who better to talk to than the Chief Science Officer of Wild Planet Trust?! In this episode Jo and Ollie will be talking to Dr. Kirsten Pullen, the Chief Science Officer of Wild Planet Trust. Kirsten was previously the Director of BIAZA (that's the British and Irish Association of Zoos and Aquaria), as well as a Research Officer at Paignton Zoo, and the Head of Primates at Bristol Zoo. That's certainly a storied career from zoo keeper to influencing policy for zoo across the UK! Kirsten went from A levels, to Applied Biology at Greenwich University, before going on to her MSc in Ecology at Bangor University. After studying at degree level Kirsten did City and Guilds qualification - an earlier version of the DMZAA (Diploma in Management of Zoo and Aquarium Animals), while zoo keeping. Then to cap that all off she finished her PhD in Animal Behaviour while at Paignton Zoo. Visit Our Zoos: https://www.paigntonzoo.org.uk/ https://www.newquayzoo.org.uk/ Wild Planet Trust: https://www.wildplanettrust.org.uk/ Support us through our Amazon Wishlists: Paignton Zoo: https://amzn.to/327HJeb Newquay Zoo: https://amzn.to/3tDeWty

Dear Prof Chomsky,   Please take a moment to read this letter and the accompanying attachments.   i was deeply concerned over the insensitive manner in which Jimmy Dore and other commentators took to criticize your stance on the Covid-19 vaccines. I have followed your work since my early days as a college student during the anti-war and civil rights protests in the 1960s, and later your writings. Your book Manufacturing Consent has been a guidebook over the years in my own syndicated national broadcasts and my criticisms of the mainstream media.  Later I used some of your material in the college courses I taught as an adjunct at Fairleigh Dickinson University.    What I always highlighted was your deep scholarship, intellectual acumen, and historically being on the correct side of the most pressing issues of our time.   However, your recent comments are unfortunately inaccurate. Not only yours, but also many of those among us who espouse liberal values. Seemingly the entire liberal media, including Amy Goodman, have been in error and responsible for promulgating scientifically misleading information. Therefore I was perplexed that you would defend the very institutional structures, which have betrayed us repeatedly in history, that you have made a career to challenge.   My own background is in human nutritional health and science. I hold a doctorate and was a research fellow at the Institute of Applied Biology for over three decades. I have counseled tens of thousands of people and conducted over 50 clinical studies related to chronic illnesses and health.   When Anthony Fauci and other federal health officials began making very misleading statements about Covid-19, which independent reviews have found to be based on very shoddy scientific research and analysis, it drew my attention. I have attached several articles co-written with my producer, who is a former senior research analyst in the biotech and genomic industries, that provide alternative scenarios with scientific citations.     It is widely accepted that the vaccinated are not protected from contracting the SARS-2 virus. This has been stated clearly by the vaccine makers and is clearly written in the manufacturers' product insert information. Over 100,000 physicians and medical researchers worldwide, including one of the inventors of mRNA vaccine technology Dr. Robert Malone, are formally challenging the official narrative about the efficacy and safety of these experimental vaccines. These are all doctors, who like myself, are pro-vaccine but are deeply concerned about these new experimental Covid vaccines because there is unsound clinical evidence to determine their safety, let alone whether they work or not. These doctors therefore are adhering to the precautionary principle, which has been upheld as a gold standard for questionable medical intervention before the pandemic. Medical professionals are risking their reputations to now warn that more children will die from these vaccines than from a SARS-2 infection. Physicians, scientists, highly educated parents who choose to avoid vaccination are now being labeld a threat to society and no better than a terrorist. In fact there is no evidence whatsoever that the virus is a matter of grave concern for children. The assumption being made by the federal agencies is that vaccinated children will protect the adults; however there is absolutely no proo whatsoever to substantiate this claim because there is still a great deal of controversy over whether an asymptomatic person with the virus can transmit it to others.    If we look at Israel as an example of the most vaccinated nation in the world, which has started to administer a fourth booster shot, the hospitals are filling with Covid patients who are fully vaccinated. Recently in Europe, a suit has been filed by 1,000 attorneys and 10,000 medical professionals against the World Health Organization, the CDC and the World Economic Forum based upon the Nuremberg Code criteria. Another lawsuit is underway in the US against the CDC and Fauci's National Institute of Allergies and Infectious Disease for manipulating and massaging the data in the CDC's Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS) to reduce the evidence that the vaccines are causing enormous injuries and deaths. A federal whistleblower in the suit has estimated that the vaccines have caused approximately 40,000 American deaths already. If we consider the EU's EudraViligance adverse vaccine event monitoring system, which is far more robust and accurate than the CDC's VAERS based upon a Harvard review, then we are looking at over 27,000 deaths due the vaccines and over 2.5 million injuries. What is most worrisome is that over 90 percent of Covid-19 deaths were among the elderly with comorbidities. The CDC's own website states that only 6 percent of deaths was actually caused by the virus alone, the remainder with comorbidity complications; whereas we are observing more vaccination deaths in younger age groups than from the actual virus. Yet none of this is being reported by the mainstream media. It is a classic example of "manufacturing consent" to implement a narrative that is grossly compromised by commercial and perhaps political interests.    So I would encourage you to please examine the literature and articles carefully and reflect upon the facts that are being intentionally ignored and denied by our health officials and by the media. If after reviewing the information you feel morally compelled to revise your earlier statements, many of us will be grateful   But no matter your decision, your legacy will remain as one of America's greatest political and social justice warriors. However, perhaps not on the matter of medical science and immunology.   I appreciate your consideration   Sincerely yours   Gary Null, PhD

Jonathan Milner's second Invested Investor podcast details his experience as Cambridge Angel. Since he began in 2002 he has invested in forty different companies, very often leading deals as well. In this episode he shares his most important tips learned from an extensive entrepreneurial and investing history: from shouldering the burden of turning around a company in dire straits, to simplifying the decision of who to invest in.  To read the podcast transcription please CLICK HERE - Powered by Speechmatics Jonathan, co-Founder and currently Deputy Chairman of Abcam plc, is an entrepreneur and investor and is passionate about supporting UK life science and high-tech start-ups. He has provided considerable investment and support to over 40 companies and has assisted three technology companies to IPO on the London AIM Stock exchange. Jonathan gained his doctorate in Molecular Genetics at Leicester University after graduating in Applied Biology at Bath. From 1992–95, he was a postdoctoral researcher at Bath, following which he worked at the University of Cambridge in the lab of Professor Tony Kouzarides researching the molecular basis of breast cancer. He identified the market opportunity for supplying high-quality antibodies to support protein interaction studies, and in 1998, founded Abcam with David Cleevely and Professor Tony Kouzarides. Jonathan is also a non-executive director of Repositive, HealX and Syndicate Room. He is also Chairman of Axol Bioscience, Cambridge Allergy Therapy, and PhoreMost. In 2015 Jonathan, with Professor Tony Kouzarides, co-founded the Milner Therapeutics Institute at the University of Cambridge. Also in 2015 he co-founded, with Professor Laurence Hurst, the Milner Institute for Evolution at the University of Bath. Produced by Mark Cotton, Twitter. Podcast links: Cambridge Angels - a leading UK business angel network with international connections. Abcam - assay kits, reagents, and antibodies. An innovator in reagents and tools, they provide the research and clinical communities with tools and scientific support. SyndicateRoom - connecting ambitious investors with the country's most trailblazing companies. The Milner Therapeutics Institute - at the University of Cambridge is dedicated to the conversion of groundbreaking science into therapies. Milner Centre for Evolution - a unique, cross-faculty research centre atthe University of Bath bridging biology, health, and education. About Peter Cowley Peter Cowley, a Cambridge university technology graduate, founded and ran over a dozen businesses in technology and property over the last 40 years. He has built up a portfolio of 75 angel investments with nine good exits (including one that is 107X his investment and returned all the cash he has invested) and thirteen failures. He is a board member of the Global Business Angel Network (GBAN), President Emeritus of the European Business Angel Network (EBAN), former chair of the Cambridge Business Angels and was UK Angel of the Year 2014. He has mentored hundreds of entrepreneurs and is on the board of nine startups. In 2011, he founded and ran Martlet: a Corporate VC, investing (currently £10M) from the balance sheet of Marshall, a £2.5bn revenue Cambridge engineering company. He is a fellow in Entrepreneurship at the Cambridge Judge Business School and is on the investment committee of the UK Angel Co-fund. He has also had 16 years' experience as chair, treasurer and trustee of the boards of seven charities. With his son, Alan, Peter is sharing his and others' experience and anecdotes in order to educate angels and entrepreneurs via The Invested Investor which publishes two books and 75+ podcasts. A selection of Invested Investor podcasts are republished here on the Entrepreneurship and Leadership channel on the NBN. This is one of them. Peter is a public speaker on entrepreneurship and angel investing throughout the world. Linkedin Peter's webpage. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/entrepreneurship-and-leadership

Jonathan Milner's second Invested Investor podcast details his experience as Cambridge Angel. Since he began in 2002 he has invested in forty different companies, very often leading deals as well. In this episode he shares his most important tips learned from an extensive entrepreneurial and investing history: from shouldering the burden of turning around a company in dire straits, to simplifying the decision of who to invest in.  To read the podcast transcription please CLICK HERE - Powered by Speechmatics Jonathan, co-Founder and currently Deputy Chairman of Abcam plc, is an entrepreneur and investor and is passionate about supporting UK life science and high-tech start-ups. He has provided considerable investment and support to over 40 companies and has assisted three technology companies to IPO on the London AIM Stock exchange. Jonathan gained his doctorate in Molecular Genetics at Leicester University after graduating in Applied Biology at Bath. From 1992–95, he was a postdoctoral researcher at Bath, following which he worked at the University of Cambridge in the lab of Professor Tony Kouzarides researching the molecular basis of breast cancer. He identified the market opportunity for supplying high-quality antibodies to support protein interaction studies, and in 1998, founded Abcam with David Cleevely and Professor Tony Kouzarides. Jonathan is also a non-executive director of Repositive, HealX and Syndicate Room. He is also Chairman of Axol Bioscience, Cambridge Allergy Therapy, and PhoreMost. In 2015 Jonathan, with Professor Tony Kouzarides, co-founded the Milner Therapeutics Institute at the University of Cambridge. Also in 2015 he co-founded, with Professor Laurence Hurst, the Milner Institute for Evolution at the University of Bath. Produced by Mark Cotton, Twitter. Podcast links: Cambridge Angels - a leading UK business angel network with international connections. Abcam - assay kits, reagents, and antibodies. An innovator in reagents and tools, they provide the research and clinical communities with tools and scientific support. SyndicateRoom - connecting ambitious investors with the country's most trailblazing companies. The Milner Therapeutics Institute - at the University of Cambridge is dedicated to the conversion of groundbreaking science into therapies. Milner Centre for Evolution - a unique, cross-faculty research centre atthe University of Bath bridging biology, health, and education. About Peter Cowley Peter Cowley, a Cambridge university technology graduate, founded and ran over a dozen businesses in technology and property over the last 40 years. He has built up a portfolio of 75 angel investments with nine good exits (including one that is 107X his investment and returned all the cash he has invested) and thirteen failures. He is a board member of the Global Business Angel Network (GBAN), President Emeritus of the European Business Angel Network (EBAN), former chair of the Cambridge Business Angels and was UK Angel of the Year 2014. He has mentored hundreds of entrepreneurs and is on the board of nine startups. In 2011, he founded and ran Martlet: a Corporate VC, investing (currently £10M) from the balance sheet of Marshall, a £2.5bn revenue Cambridge engineering company. He is a fellow in Entrepreneurship at the Cambridge Judge Business School and is on the investment committee of the UK Angel Co-fund. He has also had 16 years' experience as chair, treasurer and trustee of the boards of seven charities. With his son, Alan, Peter is sharing his and others' experience and anecdotes in order to educate angels and entrepreneurs via The Invested Investor which publishes two books and 75+ podcasts. A selection of Invested Investor podcasts are republished here on the Entrepreneurship and Leadership channel on the NBN. This is one of them. Peter is a public speaker on entrepreneurship and angel investing throughout the world. Linkedin Peter's webpage. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Jonathan Milner's second Invested Investor podcast details his experience as Cambridge Angel. Since he began in 2002 he has invested in forty different companies, very often leading deals as well. In this episode he shares his most important tips learned from an extensive entrepreneurial and investing history: from shouldering the burden of turning around a company in dire straits, to simplifying the decision of who to invest in.  To read the podcast transcription please CLICK HERE - Powered by Speechmatics Jonathan, co-Founder and currently Deputy Chairman of Abcam plc, is an entrepreneur and investor and is passionate about supporting UK life science and high-tech start-ups. He has provided considerable investment and support to over 40 companies and has assisted three technology companies to IPO on the London AIM Stock exchange. Jonathan gained his doctorate in Molecular Genetics at Leicester University after graduating in Applied Biology at Bath. From 1992–95, he was a postdoctoral researcher at Bath, following which he worked at the University of Cambridge in the lab of Professor Tony Kouzarides researching the molecular basis of breast cancer. He identified the market opportunity for supplying high-quality antibodies to support protein interaction studies, and in 1998, founded Abcam with David Cleevely and Professor Tony Kouzarides. Jonathan is also a non-executive director of Repositive, HealX and Syndicate Room. He is also Chairman of Axol Bioscience, Cambridge Allergy Therapy, and PhoreMost. In 2015 Jonathan, with Professor Tony Kouzarides, co-founded the Milner Therapeutics Institute at the University of Cambridge. Also in 2015 he co-founded, with Professor Laurence Hurst, the Milner Institute for Evolution at the University of Bath. Produced by Mark Cotton, Twitter. Podcast links: Cambridge Angels - a leading UK business angel network with international connections. Abcam - assay kits, reagents, and antibodies. An innovator in reagents and tools, they provide the research and clinical communities with tools and scientific support. SyndicateRoom - connecting ambitious investors with the country's most trailblazing companies. The Milner Therapeutics Institute - at the University of Cambridge is dedicated to the conversion of groundbreaking science into therapies. Milner Centre for Evolution - a unique, cross-faculty research centre atthe University of Bath bridging biology, health, and education. About Peter Cowley Peter Cowley, a Cambridge university technology graduate, founded and ran over a dozen businesses in technology and property over the last 40 years. He has built up a portfolio of 75 angel investments with nine good exits (including one that is 107X his investment and returned all the cash he has invested) and thirteen failures. He is a board member of the Global Business Angel Network (GBAN), President Emeritus of the European Business Angel Network (EBAN), former chair of the Cambridge Business Angels and was UK Angel of the Year 2014. He has mentored hundreds of entrepreneurs and is on the board of nine startups. In 2011, he founded and ran Martlet: a Corporate VC, investing (currently £10M) from the balance sheet of Marshall, a £2.5bn revenue Cambridge engineering company. He is a fellow in Entrepreneurship at the Cambridge Judge Business School and is on the investment committee of the UK Angel Co-fund. He has also had 16 years' experience as chair, treasurer and trustee of the boards of seven charities. With his son, Alan, Peter is sharing his and others' experience and anecdotes in order to educate angels and entrepreneurs via The Invested Investor which publishes two books and 75+ podcasts. A selection of Invested Investor podcasts are republished here on the Entrepreneurship and Leadership channel on the NBN. This is one of them. Peter is a public speaker on entrepreneurship and angel investing throughout the world. Linkedin Peter's webpage. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Jonathan Milner was working as a postdoc in a Cambridge oncology lab when he was struck by an 'entrepreneurial seizure'. Inspired by his father, an engineer who ran a small company, he set up a venture to manufacture antibodies for biology research. Having come close to bankruptcy, Abcam is now worth £2.3 billion and renowned for its positive company culture. In this podcast, the first of two podcasts featuring Jonathan Milner, he takes us through this journey, and explains how lessons learned - as well as a single bucket of ice - turned a failing company into a world leader.  To read the podcast transcription please CLICK HERE - Powered by Speechmatics Jonathan, co-Founder and currently Deputy Chairman of Abcam plc, is an entrepreneur and investor and is passionate about supporting UK life science and high-tech start-ups. He has provided considerable investment and support to over 40 companies and has assisted three technology companies to IPO on the London AIM Stock exchange. Jonathan gained his doctorate in Molecular Genetics at Leicester University after graduating in Applied Biology at Bath. From 1992–95, he was a postdoctoral researcher at Bath, following which he worked at the University of Cambridge in the lab of Professor Tony Kouzarides researching the molecular basis of breast cancer. He identified the market opportunity for supplying high-quality antibodies to support protein interaction studies, and in 1998, founded Abcam with David Cleevely and Professor Tony Kouzarides. Jonathan is also a non-executive director of Repositive, HealX and Syndicate Room. He is also Chairman of Axol Bioscience, Cambridge Allergy Therapy, and PhoreMost. In 2015 Jonathan, with Professor Tony Kouzarides, co-founded the Milner Therapeutics Institute at the University of Cambridge. Also in 2015 he co-founded, with Professor Laurence Hurst, the Milner Institute for Evolution at the University of Bath. Produced by Mark Cotton, Twitter. Podcast links: Abcam - assay kits, reagents, and antibodies. An innovator in reagents and tools, they provide the research and clinical communities with tools and scientific support. The Milner Therapeutics Institute - at the University of Cambridge is dedicated to the conversion of groundbreaking science into therapies. 18 JULY 2018COMMENT The NBN Entrepreneurship and Leadership podcast aims to educate and entertain, sharing insights based on the stories of carefully selected guests - entrepreneurs and leaders - in the atmosphere of an informal conversation. About Peter Cowley Peter Cowley, a Cambridge university technology graduate, founded and ran over a dozen businesses in technology and property over the last 40 years. He has built up a portfolio of 75 angel investments with nine good exits (including one that is 107X his investment and returned all the cash he has invested) and thirteen failures. He is a board member of the Global Business Angel Network (GBAN), President Emeritus of the European Business Angel Network (EBAN), former chair of the Cambridge Business Angels and was UK Angel of the Year 2014. He has mentored hundreds of entrepreneurs and is on the board of nine startups. With his son, Alan, Peter is sharing his and others' experience and anecdotes in order to educate angels and entrepreneurs via The Invested Investor which publishes two books and 75+ podcasts. A selection of Invested Investor podcasts are republished here on the Entrepreneurship and Leadership channel on the NBN. This is one of them. Peter is a public speaker on entrepreneurship and angel investing throughout the world. Linkedin Peter's webpage. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/entrepreneurship-and-leadership

Jonathan Milner was working as a postdoc in a Cambridge oncology lab when he was struck by an 'entrepreneurial seizure'. Inspired by his father, an engineer who ran a small company, he set up a venture to manufacture antibodies for biology research. Having come close to bankruptcy, Abcam is now worth £2.3 billion and renowned for its positive company culture. In this podcast, the first of two podcasts featuring Jonathan Milner, he takes us through this journey, and explains how lessons learned - as well as a single bucket of ice - turned a failing company into a world leader.  To read the podcast transcription please CLICK HERE - Powered by Speechmatics Jonathan, co-Founder and currently Deputy Chairman of Abcam plc, is an entrepreneur and investor and is passionate about supporting UK life science and high-tech start-ups. He has provided considerable investment and support to over 40 companies and has assisted three technology companies to IPO on the London AIM Stock exchange. Jonathan gained his doctorate in Molecular Genetics at Leicester University after graduating in Applied Biology at Bath. From 1992–95, he was a postdoctoral researcher at Bath, following which he worked at the University of Cambridge in the lab of Professor Tony Kouzarides researching the molecular basis of breast cancer. He identified the market opportunity for supplying high-quality antibodies to support protein interaction studies, and in 1998, founded Abcam with David Cleevely and Professor Tony Kouzarides. Jonathan is also a non-executive director of Repositive, HealX and Syndicate Room. He is also Chairman of Axol Bioscience, Cambridge Allergy Therapy, and PhoreMost. In 2015 Jonathan, with Professor Tony Kouzarides, co-founded the Milner Therapeutics Institute at the University of Cambridge. Also in 2015 he co-founded, with Professor Laurence Hurst, the Milner Institute for Evolution at the University of Bath. Produced by Mark Cotton, Twitter. Podcast links: Abcam - assay kits, reagents, and antibodies. An innovator in reagents and tools, they provide the research and clinical communities with tools and scientific support. The Milner Therapeutics Institute - at the University of Cambridge is dedicated to the conversion of groundbreaking science into therapies. 18 JULY 2018COMMENT The NBN Entrepreneurship and Leadership podcast aims to educate and entertain, sharing insights based on the stories of carefully selected guests - entrepreneurs and leaders - in the atmosphere of an informal conversation. About Peter Cowley Peter Cowley, a Cambridge university technology graduate, founded and ran over a dozen businesses in technology and property over the last 40 years. He has built up a portfolio of 75 angel investments with nine good exits (including one that is 107X his investment and returned all the cash he has invested) and thirteen failures. He is a board member of the Global Business Angel Network (GBAN), President Emeritus of the European Business Angel Network (EBAN), former chair of the Cambridge Business Angels and was UK Angel of the Year 2014. He has mentored hundreds of entrepreneurs and is on the board of nine startups. With his son, Alan, Peter is sharing his and others' experience and anecdotes in order to educate angels and entrepreneurs via The Invested Investor which publishes two books and 75+ podcasts. A selection of Invested Investor podcasts are republished here on the Entrepreneurship and Leadership channel on the NBN. This is one of them. Peter is a public speaker on entrepreneurship and angel investing throughout the world. Linkedin Peter's webpage. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Jonathan Milner was working as a postdoc in a Cambridge oncology lab when he was struck by an 'entrepreneurial seizure'. Inspired by his father, an engineer who ran a small company, he set up a venture to manufacture antibodies for biology research. Having come close to bankruptcy, Abcam is now worth £2.3 billion and renowned for its positive company culture. In this podcast, the first of two podcasts featuring Jonathan Milner, he takes us through this journey, and explains how lessons learned - as well as a single bucket of ice - turned a failing company into a world leader.  To read the podcast transcription please CLICK HERE - Powered by Speechmatics Jonathan, co-Founder and currently Deputy Chairman of Abcam plc, is an entrepreneur and investor and is passionate about supporting UK life science and high-tech start-ups. He has provided considerable investment and support to over 40 companies and has assisted three technology companies to IPO on the London AIM Stock exchange. Jonathan gained his doctorate in Molecular Genetics at Leicester University after graduating in Applied Biology at Bath. From 1992–95, he was a postdoctoral researcher at Bath, following which he worked at the University of Cambridge in the lab of Professor Tony Kouzarides researching the molecular basis of breast cancer. He identified the market opportunity for supplying high-quality antibodies to support protein interaction studies, and in 1998, founded Abcam with David Cleevely and Professor Tony Kouzarides. Jonathan is also a non-executive director of Repositive, HealX and Syndicate Room. He is also Chairman of Axol Bioscience, Cambridge Allergy Therapy, and PhoreMost. In 2015 Jonathan, with Professor Tony Kouzarides, co-founded the Milner Therapeutics Institute at the University of Cambridge. Also in 2015 he co-founded, with Professor Laurence Hurst, the Milner Institute for Evolution at the University of Bath. Produced by Mark Cotton, Twitter. Podcast links: Abcam - assay kits, reagents, and antibodies. An innovator in reagents and tools, they provide the research and clinical communities with tools and scientific support. The Milner Therapeutics Institute - at the University of Cambridge is dedicated to the conversion of groundbreaking science into therapies. 18 JULY 2018COMMENT The NBN Entrepreneurship and Leadership podcast aims to educate and entertain, sharing insights based on the stories of carefully selected guests - entrepreneurs and leaders - in the atmosphere of an informal conversation. About Peter Cowley Peter Cowley, a Cambridge university technology graduate, founded and ran over a dozen businesses in technology and property over the last 40 years. He has built up a portfolio of 75 angel investments with nine good exits (including one that is 107X his investment and returned all the cash he has invested) and thirteen failures. He is a board member of the Global Business Angel Network (GBAN), President Emeritus of the European Business Angel Network (EBAN), former chair of the Cambridge Business Angels and was UK Angel of the Year 2014. He has mentored hundreds of entrepreneurs and is on the board of nine startups. With his son, Alan, Peter is sharing his and others' experience and anecdotes in order to educate angels and entrepreneurs via The Invested Investor which publishes two books and 75+ podcasts. A selection of Invested Investor podcasts are republished here on the Entrepreneurship and Leadership channel on the NBN. This is one of them. Peter is a public speaker on entrepreneurship and angel investing throughout the world. Linkedin Peter's webpage. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Chris Conroy is the director of the Ness District Salmon Fishery Board and a water bailiff. He graduated from Liverpool John Moores University with a degree in Applied Biology, and has over 25 years of experience working as an aquatic resource manager. Through his duties, he has developed an in-depth knowledge of freshwater, marine and estuarine resource management and the associated stresses, utilisation, and conservation demand. In this episode, we dive in to the lore around Loch Ness, the differences in enforcement, the specs of being a water bailiff, and more Our Sponsors:  Thin Green Line Podcast Sovereign Sportsman Solutions Hunt of a Lifetime Maine's Operation Game Thief Wildlife Heritage Foundation of NH International Wildlife Crime Stoppers Here's What We Discuss: Cover the Loch Ness waters in Scotland Loch means lake Fishery bailiff = fishery enforcement officer Sightings of the Loch Ness monster 20 miles wide, 700 feet deep  Don’t work for the government; statutory powers Lots of fisheries  Differences in laws Don’t carry firearms; gear differences Good cases Thermal imaging  Enforcement and management Topography Fish counts Intervention of impacts  Issues with stocking fish Collecting evidence 162 offenses last year Pulley system case American vs Scottish bailiffs Credits Hosts: Wayne Saunders and John Nores Producer: Jay Ammann Social Media/Marketing: Morgan Day Find More Here: Website Apple Podcasts Spotify Facebook Facebook Group Instagram Twitter Spreadshirt Stitcher Tunein Libsyn YouTube RSS Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Dr. Hillary Hushower is originally from Michigan, where she completed her bachelor's degree in Applied Biology at Ferris State University. She then lived in Iowa where she completed her chiropractic degree from Palmer College of Chiropractic. Her first experience with chiropractic care was in high school and playing sports. In 2007 she collaborated with other […] The post Hear from a MommaPreneur and MommaPracter Dr. Hillary Hushower, DC – Chiro Hustle Podcast 251 appeared first on Chiro Hustle.

Dr. Hillary Hushower is originally from Michigan, where she completed her bachelor’s degree in Applied Biology at Ferris State University. She then lived in Iowa where she completed her chiropractic degree from Palmer College of Chiropractic. Her first experience with chiropractic care was in high school and playing sports. In 2007 she collaborated with other... The post Hear from a MommaPreneur and MommaPracter Dr. Hillary Hushower, DC – Chiro Hustle Podcast 251 appeared first on Chiro Hustle.

Where do we come from? Does it matter if we are random chance or if we are created? Does it have to be God that created everything or should we search the cosmos for our alien-god creators?  Origin discussions speak directly to a hidden space in us longing for exploration. If we are the result of random chance, ultimately, we don't owe loyalty or obedience to anyone or anything but ourselves. If we were created, we have to acknowledged we were created for...something. When these ideas are explored in speculative fiction the origins of humanity lie in the realms of random chance via evolutionary processes, or, alien-god creators who were experimenting and tripped over their feet, and boom! humanity.  Within the body of Christ, there's a deep need to ensure our faith in our God as our just, holy, and righteous Creator matches with our undestanding of the world around us. Is it logical to believe that God created everything? Listen in the discussion as I chat with Dr. Rob Carter from Creation Ministries International on Saturday, March 27th at 2 pm Eastern time. Dr Carter was converted to Christ at an early age, but did not know what to do with the theory of evolution. In his freshman year of college, he was exposed to the information for creation for the first time and soon after adopted it as his modus operandi. He obtained a BS in Applied Biology from the Georgia Institute of Technology in 1992. He then spent four years teaching high school biology, chemistry, physics and electronics before going to the University of Miami to obtain his PhD in Marine Biology.  He is currently a senior scientist and speaker for CMI-USA in Atlanta, Georgia. Listen at 646-668-8485. Download Stitcher on your mobile device. Follow us on Apple Podcast. Add PJC Media to Spotify and iHeartradio. Or, click on the link here:  http://tobtr.com/11912334.

Life & Design. Dr. Robert Carter, Dr. Paul Nelson on Intelligent Design.    What is the Four-Dimensional Design of DNA? - Dr. Robert Carter Is Genesis History? This video segment is from "Beyond Is Genesis History? Vol 2 : Life & Design," the follow-up to our feature-length film. Check it out on our website: http://bit.ly/BIGH-2. Marine Biologist Rob Carter explores the four-dimensional genome, showing how it works on many different levels and how it is far more complex than any computer we have created. Dr. Carter obtained a BS in Applied Biology from the Georgia Institute of Technology in 1992. He then spent four years teaching high school biology, chemistry, physics, and electronics before going to the University of Miami to obtain his PhD in Marine Biology. He successfully completed this program in 2003 with a dissertation on “Cnidarian Fluorescent Proteins.” While in Miami, he studied the genetics of pigmentation in corals and other invertebrates, designed and built an aquaculture facility for Caribbean corals, performed well over 500 SCUBA dives, many of them at night, and licensed a spin-off product of his research (a patented fluorescent protein) to a biotech company. He is currently a senior scientist and speaker for CMI-USA in Atlanta, Georgia. For more information about Dr. Carter, please visit: https://bit.ly/342HUnF. –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– ✨ Looking to learn more about Genesis and Creation?

Valentina Massa, PhD Prof Valentina Massa is an Associate Professor in Applied Biology in the Department of Health Sciences at University of Milan. She is a developmental biologist with a PhD in Cell and Molecular Biology, with a scientific interest developed within complementary biological fields aimed at elucidating pathogenetic mechanisms underlying central nervous system malformations […]

How will greenkeeping be affected over coming decades by the impacts of climate change, resource constraints and regulation?  Golf Course 2030 is The R&A driven industry initiative that aims to mitigate the challenges we face in building resilience and adaptability into the preparation of our golf courses, their condition and playability.   Coping with extremes of weather, a changing toolkit of resources and more testing regulation will demand much of our greenkeeping workforce.  The 14 current Golf Course 2030 projects address some of the key issues such as water management and sustainable options for disease, pest and weed management, which will support our greenkeeping teams as they face the challenges. The role of the greenkeeper is going to be key to safeguarding our golf courses, but adaptation to change is going to be an essential skill. SRUC has been given the task of considering how this may happen, how education needs to reflect the challenges and how the industry can better support and recognise the greenkeeping profession. Presenters:  Steve Isaac, Director – Sustainability, The R&A and Dr Paul Miller, Senior Lecturer – Golf Course Management, SRUC Dr Paul Miller Paul has been a lecturer in Greenkeeping and Golf Course Management since 1993. Paul is qualified in the plant sciences and has previously worked in a USGA accredited soil laboratory. He is a regular presenter at Continue to Learn and contributor of articles for Greenkeeper International. He has a keen interest in golf history. Away from work Paul is an average golfer, a keen cyclist and sings in a community choir in Cupar. Steve Isaac Steve has an Honours Degree in Applied Biology. Prior to joining The R&A in 2003, he was an agronomist at STRI for 18 years. The R&A is the organiser of The Open, golf's oldest and most international major championship. Steve is responsible for The R&A's advocacy of sustainability and for the operation of its sustainability initiatives. These include Golf Course 2030, GreenLinks (The Open's sustainability programme) and support for greenkeeper education. The R&A works in collaboration with many organisations, including national governing bodies, greenkeeper, club manager and architect associations, and the GEO Foundation. Steve has taken The R&A's advocacy of sustainability across Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia, New Zealand, South America and the USA. Podcast The Green Room Golf Course Podcast is produced by Karl Hansell on behalf of the British and International Golf Greenkeepers Association. For questions, comments or concerns, you can get in touch by emailing karl@bigga.co.uk. You can also join the conversation on social media using @GreenRoomBIGGAon Twitter we've also got a Facebook page where all the latest notices, news releases and information from BIGGA can be found. We're also on Instagram using @BIGGA_HQ. Subscribe and leave us a review on Apple Podcasts. The more people know about the sports turf industry, the more understanding they will have about the hard work of BIGGA members and other greenkeepers. If you'd like to get in contact about any other aspect of your BIGGA membership, including member benefits, support, or learning and development, call 01347 833800 or email info@bigga.co.uk You can also get more information about BIGGA and how it can improve your career and your course by heading to our website.

David Bates is a scientist, inventor, investor, and entrepreneur. He has co-founded several companies including Linus Health and Bode. He is a founding partner of Tamarisc Ventures and serves on the board of several high-growth technology companies. He is on the board of directors of TMCity Foundation and is Strategic Advisor to the Digital Medicine Society. He previously worked at Morningside Ventures where he focused on biotech, healthcare, and cleantech investments. David was also the Chief Strategy Officer for F-Wave, a building technology company and Morningside portfolio company He helped with the acquisition of Fuji Solar in Japan and the company’s expansion from New Zealand into the United States. David has held various positions as a research scientist at Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital/Shriners Burns Hospital, University of Louisville School of Medicine, and the Georgia Institute of Technology. He has published in several high-impact journals and is a co-inventor on multiple technology and biotechnology patents. He holds a Ph.D. in Chemical and Materials Engineering from the University of Auckland and a B.S. and M.Sc. in Applied Biology from the Georgia Institute of Technology.

https://youtu.be/P0ZkaqWRE10   AIDS Forgotten Cure  AIDS Forgotten Cure   Why is the American public being told there is no  cure for … when there is?   How a proven cure for AIDS — discovered more than 40 years ago by a young PhD medical researcher – is being denied and suppressed by the medical/pharmaceutical establishment in order to maximize profits   By Stephen Brown February 13, 2020   Today, AIDS is still a major epidemic, killing more than 17,000 Americans every year. So if a proven  cure really exists (and it does!) why isn’t it big news? Why are the pharmaceutical industry, the American Medical Association, the federal government, and mainstream media all conspiring to deny that such a cure exists?   A cynical person might say it is because treating AIDS patients (i.e., mitigating their symptoms, but not curing the disease itself)  is very profitable, whereas curing patients so they no longer need treatment, is not profitable – because it eliminates a huge revenue stream.  How huge is  that revenue stream?  At an average yearly cost of $39,000 per patient for drugs, treating the 1.2 million Americans who currently suffer from AIDS adds up to $40 billion a year for the pharmaceutical industry. And that doesn’t even include doctor fees and hospital costs, which could double that amount.   So perhaps it is not surprising that those who profit from treating AIDS would not welcome a cure that might deplete their bank accounts by as much as $80 billion a year. Which is why 17,000 Americans will be dead within the next 12 months, even though  many could be  totally cured – and 100% HIV-free —  paying $39,000 a year for AIDS drugs. And without risking the life-threatening reactions that  those dangerous antiviral drug treatments can impose on AIDS sufferers.   Who is the man who discovered a cure for AIDS – and what happened when he brought his cure to the attention of the medical profession?   The story of a young medical researcher, a PhD graduate named Gary Null, who discovered the cure for AIDS more than 40 years ago – only to see his life-saving discovery denied and suppressed by the medical and pharmaceutical establishment — is a shameful episode in medical history, which has resulted in needless agony and death for more than 675,000 Americans who did not have to die.   Isn’t it finally time to rescue America’s more than one million AIDS sufferers from the threat of slow and painful debilitation and death that they must confront each and every day of their lives.?   How AIDS exploded into an epidemic that killed 675,000 Americans who did not have to die   During the end of the 1970’s, when the Center for Disease Control reported that San Francisco resident Ken Horne was identified as the first confirmed patient with AIDS, large numbers in  the Gay community were already exhibiting symptoms that would later be attributed to AIDS and an HIV infection. During the early and mid-1970s, hard partying with recreational drugs and unprotected sex became a way of nightly entertainment for a very small segment of the gay communityas well as a small percentage of the heterosexual community known as “swingers”. This stressful lifestyle became known as fast-tracking, and was accompanied by  a precipitous rise in serious immune-compromised illnesses.  Gay men would consume large quantities of alcohol, experiment with a wide variety of drugs, including the over-the-counter  ampules of amyl nitrite (popularly known as “poppers”) and  might have sex with multiple partners in a single night. These sessions  could  last into the wee hours of the morning, and many men were seriously sleep-deprived and malnourished. Following a day’s work at a job, this nightly routine would then start over again.   It was among this segment of the population, whose immune systems had been compromised by continuous drug-and alcohol abuse, sleep-deprivation and debilitating lifestyle choices, that HIV infection was able to spread and progress to AIDS through multiple sex partners. And as thousands began to die from this mysterious epidemic, the panic spread – because there was no known treatment or cure.   Then, one day, people began telling each other about a remarkable clinic on Manhattan’s Upper West Side … where AIDS patients were not dying!   Between 1988 and 1995, a small, yet nevertheless remarkable project was underway at the Tri-State Healing Center on Manhattan’s upper West Side to treat HIV-positive and AIDS patients. AZT had recently been launched and overnight became the first line of defense and treatment for AIDS.  At the same time, horrid images of dying patients and large public gatherings to honor the dead were appearing over television screens.  As one of the tri-state area’s most listened-to radio broadcasters and experts on  emerging alternative medical therapies, Dr. Gary Null, with a PhD in nutritional health, had over the years developed a large network of relationships with physicians and health practitioners who regularly listened to his program. Before mass public fear over AIDS took hold of the nation, Null had already become deeply aware of the unusual symptoms  afflicting a growing number of gay men and “swinging” men and women who were seeking private physicians for medical attention and treatment.   One of the more common symptoms was  a life-threatening,  opportunistic lung infection called pneumocystis carinii pneumonia or PCP that was attributed to individuals with weakened immune symptoms. PCP is extremely rare for people with normal immune functioning. The illness is usually associated with patients on chemotherapy or other drugs known to depress immune function, as well as dangerous street drugs such as crack cocaine, which started to appear on the streets of Los Angeles, Miami and New York in 1981. Often the illness appears in children undergoing cancer treatment for leukemia. Therefore, when PCP was being reported among otherwise healthy adults, a red flag was raised that something was awry.   During the late 1980s and early 1990s – the worst years of the AIDS epidemic, the highest rate of deaths — Dr. Null treated 1200 individuals with AIDS defining symptoms through the Tri-State Healing Center that Null had founded on Manhattan’s Upper West Side. As public awareness about the therapeutic value of alternative approaches to health and wellness increased, a growing number of individual doctors and groups within the scientific community were calling attention to the benefits of an integrative approach to AIDS. The alternative AIDS health scene was being born at the Tri-State Center.   Dr. Null’s natural protocols for treating and curing AIDS were and still are in total opposition to the  drug-based HIV treatments that hold dominance today – yet  his successful results cannot be  denied. Regardless of whether the private medical industry and the federal health agencies refuse to recognize a drug-free therapy or not, if such a treatment is shown to produce positive results, it should not be explained away as a placebo effect — or worse, stigmatized  as pseudoscience and quackery. Yet opposition and disdain from the medical and pharmaceutical establishment were the responses  to Null and other physicians who deployed  alternative therapies to treat early AIDS patients.   Certainly, the AIDS epidemic in the 1980s and 1990s launched an enormous scientific research and discovery effort to identify how the body’s immune system operates when challenged by a serious and largely unknown viral infection. As a result, today we have a far greater understanding about the immune system.  Unfortunately, the pharmaceutical approach to treating viral infections, notably HIV, has been single-minded and has adhered to a one-size-fits-all course of treatment. In the case of early HIV antivirals, it was additionally a race as to whether the virus could be defeated before the drug killed the patient.   When the first signs of what would eventually be termed AIDS were appearing in physicians’ offices, patients also frequently had other co-infections aside from weakened immune systems, including hepatitis B, non-A non-B hepatitis (which Dr. Bill Rutter at UCSF would eventually sequence and identify as hepatitis C in the early 1980s), cytomegalovirus, Epstein Barr, coxsackie virus, mycoplasma and yeast infections, herpes, syphilis and gonorrhea. But before the arrival of the first antiretroviral drug AZT in 1987, physicians and health practitioners were forced to prescribe only the treatments in their medical tool boxes. Orthodox doctors were the least successful. Antibiotics, steroids, and other medications were prescribed like candy on top of the culture’s widespread recreational drugs use. It was largely an effort performed in the dark. Were the debilitating conditions of these patients due to a new virulent strain of one of these other infections or was it something altogether new and novel?  Nobody knew for certain before the French Nobel laureate Luc Montagnier at the Institute Pasteur identified a virus that was named lymphadenopathy-associated virus or LAV (later renamed HIV) as the likely causative culprit for AIDS in 1983.   Although heralded as a hero in his discovery of HIV, Luc Montagnier would eventually become a pariah for breaking away from the politically-correct interpretation of HIV infection. He argued that far too much attention was focused on the HIV virus rather than investigating other cofactors such as other viruses, bacteria and especially mycoplasmas that may be amplifying HIV’s adverse effects. After tracking a group of HIV-positive and AIDS-free patients for 10 years, Montagnier stated, “We can no longer say that HIV infection is always a death sentence.” He concluded that a person could be HIV-positive his entire life and not develop AIDS because the virus does not act alone. He also suggested that these mycoplasmas, often smaller than other bacteria and often harmless, may become virulent from the overuse of antibiotics, which create “killer mycoplasmas.”   During an interview for Whole Foods Magazine, Montagnier noted four factors that contribute to HIV’s AIDS-like symptoms when they are pooled together:  the presence of the virus, hyper activation of the body’s T-cell receptor immune response, the presence of other sexually transmitted diseases such as syphilis, gonorrhea and cancroid, and behavioral patterns acting as cofactors that may include poor nutrition, over consumption of alcohol and recreational drugs and physical and emotional stress.  One important cofactor is oxidative stress, which Montagnier observed in “higher free radical production in stage II of HIV infection.   Although Montagnier supported the antiretroviral drug regimen, he also felt antioxidant supplementation was essential. His later research included evaluating complementary natural protocols alongside retroviral drugs, including the use of N-acetyl cysteine, beta carotene, Vitamins C and E, superoxide dismutase (SOD), metallothionein and various plant extracts. He is also on record for emphasizing the enormous role healthy nutrition plays for warding off AIDS-like symptoms while being HIV-positive. When asked by filmmaker Brent Leung in his documentary House of Numbers whether HIV could be treated naturally, Montagnier replied, “I would think so… It’s important knowledge that is completely neglected. People always think of drugs and vaccines.”   Pharmaceutical vs Natural Treatments for HIV/AIDS   Long before Montagnier came around to question the AZT strategy as the only effective treatment, Dr. Null and his colleagues had been utilizing antioxidant therapies, notably intravenous glutathione and Vitamin C, as a primary defense in treating AIDS symptoms.   And their successes were notable despite opposition by “official” medical voices, and the many hostile articles they paid to appear in mainstream media.   Conventional medicine then and now has remained largely in denial over the benefits of treatments that don’t require a pill or scalpel. The only difference between practitioners of natural medical therapies and conventional physicians is that the former make efforts to treat patients by drug-free, non-toxic methods. Practically every drug on the market has its adverse effects, and this was especially true for AZT, which was  one of the most toxic drugs ever developed by the pharmaceutical industry. At the time of its invention, it was observed to be so toxic – so  lethal to humans — that it had to be abandoned and shelved. Dr. Jerome Horowitz who developed the compound would later state “it was a terrible disappointment… we dumped it on the junk pile. I didn’t keep the notebooks.” In fact, it was not even worth patenting.   Wikipedia notes that AZT or azidothymidine is “the most effective and safe medicine needed in a health system.” The World Health Organization lists it as one of the “essential medicines” of our time. But does AZT really deserve this praise?  Based upon the manufacturer’s list of warnings, AZT is anything but safe and its efficacy remains questionable, unless one was to completely redefine the meaning of “safety.” The list of the drug’s adverse effects includes:   Hematologic toxicity to bone marrow reserve Aplastic and hemolytic anemia and neutropenia Rapid reduction of hemoglobin Pancytopenia or reduction in red and white blood cells and platelets Myopathy and myositis with pathological changes Lymphadenopathy, an inflammatory disease of lymph nodes Lactic acidosis and severe hepatomegaly with steatosis (abnormal retention of lipids that affect the liver), including fatal cases Impairment of body’s ability to eliminate triglyceride fat Pancreatitis Increased Creatine Phosphokinase (CPK) that can lead to heart attacks Cardiomyopathy Hepatic decompensation — the development of jaundice, ascites, variceal hemorrhage, or hepatic encephalopathy Immune Reconstitution Syndrome – a paradoxical clinical worsening of a known condition or the appearance of a new condition after initiating antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients Rhabdomyolysis – a severe syndrome resulting in the degeneration of muscle fibers that can lead to renal failure and death Stevens-Johnson syndrome – serious skin disorder associated with a drug reaction that has flu-like symptoms and blistering of the skin and requires hospitalization.   Other less life-threatening side effects include asthenia, fevers and headaches, malaise, loss of mental acuity, seizures, anorexia, mascular edema, constipation or diarrhea, coughing, rhinitis and sinusitis, skin rashes, hearing loss, photophobia or an intolerance to light, nausea and vomiting.   The manufacturer admits on its package insert that AZT causes AIDS:   “It was often difficult to distinguish adverse events, possibility associated with the administration of Retrovir [AZT] from underlying signs of HIV disease or intercurrent illnesses.”   AZT was clearly not the only recourse for treatment. Death rates skyrocketed during the years immediately after its release. The British newspaper The Independent reported on the personal experience of a gay Englishman, Michael Cottrell, who was among the first patients to take AZT in 1987. AZT offered hope, albeit largely illusory, with a slight promise that HIV-positive people could live a bit longer. However the drug made Cottrell far worse than before. The newspaper reported,   “Cottrell still has boxes of AZT capsules at home. He gave up on it after several months, because he couldn’t stand how ill he was feeling on the drug; he felt as though his immune system was being damaged rather than strengthened; he believed he had never encountered a drug as toxic as AZT.”   Cottrell’s story is not an isolated event. Numerous patients had been reporting similar experiences. Many couldn’t continue the drug and had to stop taking it. Unfortunately these accounts were almost completely ignored by the medical establishment and especially the pharmaceutical industrial complex which had a colossal revenue opportunity as the epidemic worsened.   Studies were published that challenged the CDC’s and the British health ministry’s commitment to AZT therapy. The British-French Concorde study was perhaps the largest AZT clinical trial ever conducted at that time and enrolled 1,749 patients over a three-year period. Rather than focus on patients displaying serious AIDS symptoms, it included patients testing positive for HIV but who had yet to display symptoms. The participants were roughly divided equally to receive either AZT or a placebo. The results were significant. Among the AZT group there were 169 AIDS-related deaths but only 3 deaths in the placebo group. The AZT group also showed a lot more adverse effects. Although T-cell counts improved among those receiving the drug for a short period time, it eventually reduced CD4 cell counts below levels before starting the regimen. The study concluded that AZT was a waste of time.   Medical journalist Celia Farber later reached out to the chief scientist behind the Concorde trial, Dr. Ian Weller, who expressed his exasperation as follows: “We’ve carried out this study against incredible adversity,” and much of this came from the executives at Burroughs Wellcome, the British pharmaceutical giant that created AZT, and whose anticipated profits from its sale (patients had to pay as much as $8,000 per year for the drug!) were estimated at many billions of dollars. In fact, the day that AZT received approval to treat AIDS, Wellcome PLC stock jumped 32 per cent on the London Stock Exchange.   Much has been written and can still be written about the dismal early failures of retroviral treatment with a drug that had so little scientific support to validate its efficacy and safety. Another problem was that rising death rates being recorded and directly associated with the disease were not being distinguished from AZT toxicity, notably renal and liver failure. It was already known that the drug could produce AIDS-type symptoms. With AZT being overly prescribed, mortality rates leaped from 4,885 in 1988, a year after the drug was being launched, to 14,500 in 1989. Rates continued to climb steadily as new nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor drugs entered the market. The mortality statistics reached their peak in 1995 at over 48,000 deaths in the US alone.   The more important point is that the medical community was both at loggerheads and impatient to find a way to treat the growing number of patients coming down with AIDS-related symptoms. Dr. Null and his colleagues, notably Dr. Stephen Caiazza, a gay New York City physician who had been struggling to treat persons with severe AIDS symptoms since the late 1970s, were employing whatever means they could. During the peak years of mortality in the early and mid-1990s, Dr. Null was treating over 1,200 AIDS patients. As with the conventional drug establishment, alternative physicians’ work was also largely experimental because nobody, even within the federal health agencies or the American Medical Association, had any idea of what they were up against. Therefore the Tri-State Healing Center should be commended for the enormous pioneering efforts it made to treat AIDS patients naturally and often free of charge or at cost.   Not all of the patients coming through the Tri-State Healing Center tested positive for HIV; nevertheless they presented severe AIDS-defining symptoms. Null shared a HIV-AIDS hypothesis held by Dr. Chris Calapai, a New York board certified physician who adopted natural therapies and went on to become a medical consultant for the New York Rangers hockey team. Calapai held the view that HIV triggers “a self-destructive immune response, for which appropriate models may be found in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), certain autoimmune disorders, and some animal viral infections.”  In other words the HIV virus provoked an immune response to destroy part of the immune system thereby lessening the body’s ability to fight other infections. This view confirms Null’s observations in many of the Center’s patients who had symptoms of full-blown AIDS as well as a long history of other bacterial and viral infections, most being sexually transmitted.   The Center’s protocols included botanical and medicinal herbs, naturopathic remedies, intravenous drips of the antioxidants glutathione and Vitamin C in addition to oral supplementation, oxygen and ozone therapies, detoxification regimens, stress reduction and behavior modification techniques, and most were following a plant-based diet. Unlike the conventional philosophy for treatment at that time, Dr. Null and his colleagues were not simply trying to stage a war against a virus with pharmaceutical drugs; instead their approach was to restore and increase patients’ natural immunity in order to strengthen the body’s own defense mechanisms to fight the infection. Moreover, by 1993, it was already certain, without any reasonable doubt, that the antiretroviral drugs were linked with a long list of serious adverse effects, including severe anemia, acute liver toxicity, renal failure and death. To support the medical efficacy of these natural interventions, the peer-reviewed medical literature was also collated and on-hand during the press gathering for easy reference.   Luanne Penesi was a senior nurse administrator for adult medical units in geriatrics, hematology, neurology and oncology at one of New York’s leading medical hospital centers. She started to visit the Center for her own poor health conditions, which included hepatitis, chronic fatigue, systemic yeast infections and pre-cancerous breast cells. As a Center patient she had many opportunities to witness what was occurring with treatingh AIDS patients. During a radio broadcast, she shared her experience and her personal awakening from the gross failures of the dominant drug-based medical model she had committed herself to throughout her early career.   “After several months I saw people completely serdeconverting and reversing AIDS. In conventional medicine when a person is diagnosed with AIDS or cancer, we want you to be afraid so you will do whatever we say. But these people [at the Center] were all managing their diets, all were on plant-based diets. They were taking herbs to detox their liver, taking immune enhancing herbs, and supplements. And they were all very excited and very optimistic and hopeful. It was a completely different picture for me of people with AIDS. I watched these people’s lab counts improve significantly over time. Then I saw them do bio-oxidative therapy. Viruses cannot live in a high oxygen environment. So when you flood the body with oxygen like bio-oxidative therapy, you are killing off viruses in large proportions. It was a completely new ball game for me. If I had not seen the lab results with my own eyes, I probably would never have believed something like this was possible. And during my time there I saw no less than 8 people completely reverse AIDS. I had never seen this in the medical community in the hospital. Not only did I see people with AIDS serodeconvert, but I also saw people with many viruses — hepatitis, herpes, Epstein Barr, coxsackie virus, mycoplasma. I saw all these people serodeconverting and getting happier and healthier. It was an empowerment model.”   The late Dr. Elena Avram, a former fellow in the AIDS and Cancer department at the Institute of Applied Biology, worked closely with Null at the Center when it was inundated with AIDS cases. Dr. Avram witnessed and reviewed the records of HIV patients who Null serodeconverted to negative. In a letter sent to Dr. Null before her passing in 2019, she reminisced that for the group of patients who turned sero-negative, “all the infections disappeared and they were HIV and AIDS free. I briefly met one of those patients recently and she was still healthy today.”  From Dr. Avram’s experiences in Zimbabwe and observing the results of antiretroviral drugs such AZT on AIDS patients the results made her conclude that “there were a lot of people who first had good results but after that they collapsed. Because not only were [the drugs] not controlling the virus but it was also depleting the last of the immune system that was left in them.” Suffice to say, if such results were reported for retroviral drug treatment, it would have made major headline news.   It would be disingenuous to not note that during the past 34 years since retroviral medications were started for the treatment of AIDS, there have been instances of patients sero-deconverting to HIV-negative. A paper published by Thailand’s Ministry of Public Health, “Serodeconversion of HIV Antibody-Positive AIDS Patients Following Treatment with V-1 Immunitor,” and published in a 2008 issue of the Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechology, reported serodeconversion. Only more recent years were reports of two patients, on with acute HIV infection and one in an early stage, who serodeconverted. Another study involving Chinese herbal preparations revealed serodeconversion of 8 AIDS patients, and the earliest report in the peer-reviewed medical literature involved administration of low dose oral intereron that serodeconverted 18 of 204 patients. However, years before these achievements were made, incidences of serodeconversion were witnessed at the Tri-State Center.   Dr. Avram was fully aware of the controversy such results would bring to the Institute’s future funding. She wrote, “I remember when I met with the director and the Institute board members one evening to request that these successes be made more public. They decided to remain silent because it might jeopardize funding. This work was not based on patentable drugs and the advisory board said it would only draw negative attention because it was contrary to standard drug treatments.” Shortly thereafter, Null was awarded the honor of becoming an Institute Research Fellow, the youngest person to have received the honor.   David is still alive today after having been diagnosed with AIDS in 1988. After treatment at The Center, he converted to sero-negative. Ever since there has been no trace of HIV in his blood exams. In his testimonial, David begins with the hope that “people will listen to my story and start to reject the dominant paradigm which says that the only way to deal with HIV infection is with tons of toxic drugs for the rest of your life.”  Originally he was on the front-line with the AIDS activist organization ACT UP, which was fighting for more funding to research conventional pharmaceutical drugs.   David was a particularly serious case. In addition to being HIV-positive he had histoplasmosis, idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia, anemia, Kaposi sarcoma, malabsorption syndrome and co-infections of cytomegalovirus, herpes, Epstein Barr, toxoplasmosis and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Seven of his 21 other diagnoses were each potentially fatal. His mother was a regular listener of Dr. Null’s radio broadcasts and convinced her son to go to The Center to begin intravenous Vitamin C drips and ozone therapy. There, Dr. Null created a protocol implemented by the medical staff.  David also became a vegan, started juicing daily, and joined Null’s running and walking club. He later ran in the New York City Marathon.   After his experience at the Center, David noted that in the early days of the AIDS epidemic “everyone who went on the drugs died. They didn’t die from HIV; they didn’t die from AIDS; they died from AZT toxicity.”   The Center’s policy was that anyone from the medical community was welcome to visit and observe the facilities and the treatments offered. Among them was Doug Henderson, an African American attorney and journalist Henderson first visited the Center to receive intravenous Vitamin C treatments for his personal health. He had been visiting a couple times a week to privately investigate the validity of the remarkable claims coming out of the Center. He recalls,   “AIDS back then meant death but not today. Since 1977 I had been listening to Gary Null and he started talking about AIDS in the mid-1980s… He had on his program people whom he said had serodeconverted, meaning they were HIV positive and went negative, or they had full blown AIDS and subsequent blood tests revealed there was no trace of HIV or any of the other 29 co-factors that at that time compromised AIDS. I found that hard to believe… I went to his Center really on a reconnaissance mission. I wanted to find out if what Gary said was really true because there are a lot of hustlers out there. I needed hard proof. Then one man said he had had the HIV virus but didn’t have it any more. I found that a little hard to believe. As time went by 5 or 6 people told me the same thing…. [Later] Gary took me into his office and showed me 5 or 6 medical records and I could see that according to the records they had no trace of HIV in their system… It was remarkable the work they were doing at the Tri State Healing Center.”   The Center also served as a very informal training ground, as it were, for medical physicians to visit and observe for themselves the natural treatments being used and to speak with patients about their experiences. Among them was the late San Francisco Bay physician Dr. Robert Cathcart, an orthopedic instructor at Stanford University and pioneer in orthomolecular medicine. Cathcart adopted Null’s protocol, including high dose intravenous infusions of Vitamin C and the free radical scavenging antioxidant glutathione.  Cathcart later claimed to have never lost an HIV-positive patient with this treatment.   A Natural Cure that Mainstream Media first ignored, then tried to bury   As patients began to make major improvements, one spoke up to explain that in addition to his own progress in combating AIDS naturally, he knew of other individuals who were using more natural and holistic modalities all across the country and that the world was utterly deaf to this. The world only knew the official AIDS treatment: AZT. He and other people being treated at the Center all feared the mainstream treatment because they had seen how their friends and partners had died or become extremely sick using these aggressive drugs. And yet, the natural modalities had been effectively shunned from public discourse on AIDS. So it was at their urging that a comprehensive press conference be held to invite as many journalists from the mainstream and independent media outlets to learn about the remarkable progress to treat individuals who were HIV-positive and/or afflicted with AIDS conditions. Preparation for the conference took almost a year of research, networking, and promotion.   What should have been an historical press conference was announced to the public on three separate occasions. A leading public relations firm was hired to help turn it into a momentous event.  Over 100 AIDS patients convened with their private medical doctors and medical records in New York City. The majority of the physicians were not directly connected with Null’s Tri-State Healing Center. Doctors came from France, Japan and the UK. Among the many patients who were being treated for AIDS conditions with natural protocols, these 100 men were chosen because of the extraordinary results observed over a 12-month period with their blood exam results, viral load, and CD4 and CD8 cell counts.   In each of the hundred cases, the patient showed steady improvement without signs of relapse. Moreover, none were on the conventional AZT drug regimen or other drug cocktails that were being regularly prescribed.  Instead they were being treated with a variety of different non-drug alternative treatment protocols based upon their personal medical histories and lifestyles.   There was a great deal of experimentation taking place at Null’s Center. It can best be thought of as a patient laboratory because there was no single medical protocol that was used for all patients. On the other hand, some treatments were standard for those showing the most severe symptoms and the worst cell counts. This included weekly intravenous infusions of high-dose vitamin C and glutathione. Other essential treatments included radical dietary changes and incorporating stress reduction practices in patients’ daily routine.   To the surprise of Dr. Null, the Center’s AIDS patients and their personal physicians barely a person showed up for the press conference from the 7,000 invitations sent to the press, medical associations, university medical departments, state and city health officials, nonprofit organizations and AIDS groups. The invitations had been sent on three separate occasions because Null and his colleagues, as well as the patients, believed this could mark an historical breakthrough for treating HIV-positive patients. According to Null and other event organizers, it seemed evident that a concerted effort had been made to boycott the presentation in order to marginalize its significance.  And significant it was — not only for giving scientific evidence that AIDS can be treated by natural and non-toxic medical protocols, but also for the important role and respect non-conventional medicine should have in our society.   Unfortunately federal, state and city health officials had already made a firm decision that the only effective strategy to combat the AIDS epidemic was the pharmaceutical route. AZT had already been designated as the treatment of first-line defense. Therefore it was incumbent upon government officials, the National Cancer Institute and the medical establishment to marginalize all competitors offering safer and more effective methods. Oddly President Reagan, who had been mute about the epidemic up until the public announcement of AZT, made his first public speech calling AIDS “public enemy number one.” And the mainstream media was completely on board with perpetuating this fallacy.   As a result, the press conference was largely unattended. The mainstream and even the alternative press were absent. Patients spent the entire afternoon orally presenting their own testimonials, showing their records and having their physicians speak about the remarkable improvements they observed; but the data and results largely remained a secret from the rest of the medical community and public. A panel was created that included then State Senator David Patterson, who would later serve as New York’s governor. Patterson stated there should be other approaches for treating AIDS. Fortunately the testimonials and conversations of the event were recorded and preserved.   This story would be sorely lacking without mentioning a few media personalities, especially within the Black American community, who exhibited journalistic integrity and an open, inquisitive mind that is absolutely critical for accurate, balanced, and unbiased reporting of events, discoveries, and news that have helped shape the nation since its founding. Today’s mainstream media is a ghostly perversion of the entire profession of reliable journalism.   HIV/AIDS and the Black American Experience   What is missing from the historical narrative of the AIDS story is the open-mindedness of Black physicians and community leaders who sought and found alternative treatment outside the toxic drug paradigm of the medical establishment. As the HIV infection spread, infecting more people, the African American community was especially hard hit. However, this went widely unreported in the mainstream media, which otherwise characterized AIDS as a “gay cancer” that later spread into the larger heterosexual population. There are likely many reasons for this silence and the failure of government health officials to take appropriate action to address the seriousness of the AIDS epidemic that ravaged the Black community. Even today, the CDC’s HIV Surveillance Report of 2018, notes the enormous discrepancies in HIV infections based upon race. In 2017, there were over 1.1 million Americans living with HIV, however 43 percent or approximately 468,800 individuals, were Black. This rate is 8 times higher than that of Whites, despite Black Americans accounting for only 12 percent of the US population. The rate for Black men was even higher at 77.6 percent, and Black women had the highest rate among women, at 24.9 percent. Although rates have been steadily declining for all racial groups, Black men and women, according to a Kaiser Family Foundation review, continue to rank “higher than for their respective counterparts in any other racial/ethnic group.”   Besides the fact that Black Americans had been hit especially hard by the AIDS epidemic and increasing rates of infection, this was largely being ignored by health officials, the media and AIDS activist groups, such as ACT UP, in the gay community. They too were seeking answers and treatments. But unlike the gay activist organizations, who would eventually receive support and funding from AZT’s manufacturer Burroughs Wellcome to channel infected gay men towards drug treatment, similar concern and care does not seem to have been directed towards Blacks.   HIV infection had been increasing dramatically in the African American community. Since Black Americans gradually took on the burden of representing an increasing percentage of HIV-positive cases, Null’s Tri-State Healing Center eventually became a lively gathering spot for HIV infected Black Americans who were undergoing treatment, received counseling and meeting in health support groups. When the Center first opened its doors, only a handful of Black AIDS patients would visit. The Center had a seven-day a week open door policy and remained open until midnight. Patients were consulted by a staff of doctors, nurses, dietitians, other alternative health practitioners and counselors. There were no restraints on cost for treatment. Null always had a large African American listenership during his radio broadcasts. It started when medical doctors in Harlem began to refer the Center to their patients. The first few HIV-positive Black men eventually returned to robust health. Five years later approximately half of the Center’s patients were Black. The Center was frequented by soul singer Isaac Hayes and social activist Stokley Carmichael who lent their presence to provide additional support to patients.

Stacey Bruzzese welcomes Dr. Tim Sandle, he is the head of microbiology and sterility assurance at Bio Products Laboratory Limited. Stacey and Tim have a conversation about the European GMP annex 1 and what the final draft reveals.What annex 1 actually is?What are the biggest changes from the previous version to the current document?What are some of the broad reaching impacts that annex 1 will have?What was lacking in previous versions, regarding contamination control?The distinction of viable counts and non-viable particle counts in this draft cause for concern.How will pharmaceutical companies produce the correct data based on the new verbiage in this document?How could this document affect the current processes in the lab?How will environment monitoring be changed moving forward?Will there be too many new steps for labs to monitor their clean rooms?Will we see more relaxed views on post sterilization integrity testing?Does Tim see this latest revision as an improved to the most recent draft? Dr. Sandle is the Head of Microbiology and Sterility Assurance at Bio Products Laboratory Limited (a pharmaceutical organization). Dr. Sandle is a chartered biologist (Royal Society for Biology) and holds a first class honors degree in Applied Biology; a Masters degree in education; and obtained his doctorate from Keele University. Dr. Sandle has over twenty-five years experience of designing and operating a range of microbiological tests (including sterility testing, endotoxin LAL methodlogy, microbial enumeration, environmental monitoring, particle counting, bioburden, isolators and water testing). In addition, Dr. Sandle is experienced in microbiological and quality batch review, microbiological investigation and policy development. Dr. Sandle is the editor of the Pharmaceutical Microbiology Interest Group Journal and runs an on-line microbiology website and forum (http://www.pharmamicroresources.com/). Dr. Sandle is an experienced auditor and frequently acts as a consultant to the pharmaceutical and healthcare sectors.Voices in Validation brings you the best in validation and compliance topics. Voices in Validation is brought to you by IVT Network, your expert source for life science regulatory knowledge. For more information on IVT Network, check out their website at http://ivtnetwork.com.

  Dr. O’Brien attended Ferris State University in Big Rapids, Michigan where she earned her Bachelor’s Degree in Applied Biology with a Vision Science concentration. She went on to complete her Doctor of Optometry (OD) degree at the Michigan College of Optometry (MCO). Dr. O’Brien has additional training in the areas of low vision, pediatrics, specialty contact lenses and working with patients who have a mental or physical handicap. She particularly enjoys getting to know her patients and takes pride in providing exceptional eye care. While in school Dr. O’Brien founded the Michigan Optometric Student Private Practice Association (MOSPPA) and was influential in beginning the Student Optometric Leadership Network (SOLutioN) of which she has served as President, followed by the Executive Director and is now on the Alumni Board. She also spends time on the lecture circuit, speaking about private practice and the business aspects of the profession with Optometric Insights to inspire success in future generations of optometrists. She currently leads the Vision Source MentorOD program with the goal of providing resources to students most interested in private practice. Dr. O’Brien has participated in optometric missions to Guyana and Mexico to provide eye care to the underprivileged and has served nationally on the Vision Council Young Professionals Advisory Committee, Liaison to the Allergan Jumpstart Ambassador Program, is the Past-President of the Colorado Young Professionals Club and current Vision Source Co-Administrator in North Carolina. Dr. O’Brien also works as the Director of Marketing and Analytics for iCare Advisors where she helps others achieve their dreams in opening a private practice from scratch. Dr. O’Brien has earned multiple honors in her short 6 years as an optometrist; early in her career with the Marchon Practice Management Award and the William Feinbloom Low Vision Award and later was named the 2016 International Vision Council Next Generation Innovator. Most notably, Dr. O’Brien was awarded the 2017 Colorado Optometric Association Young OD of the Year. Dr. O’Brien moved to Colorado in 2013 and opened a cold start private practice with her two business partners and the help of many mentors who have guided her along the way. In 2019, Dr. O’Brien relocated to Charlotte, NC and traded mountain views for life on Lake Norman. In her spare time, Dr. O’Brien enjoys spending time with her dogs, boating, and exploring local eateries in Charlotte with her husband, Chris. 

It is time for a major food revolution. The way we source animal protein has remained the same for thousands of years. We grow crops to feed to animals and rear those animals to eat their meat. But this system is broken - in terms of resource use and greenhouse gas emissions. Add to that antibiotic resistance and zoonotic diseases and it’s clear that protein is no longer healthy for humans or this planet. But, as companies like Beyond Meat, Memphis Meats, and Impossible Foods are showing, a new way is possible. With meat made from plants or cultivated from cells, we could finally shift away from animal rearing as a platform and make the jump to a post-scarcity vision of protein. Join hosts Varun Deshpande and Ramya Ramamurthy of the Good Food Institute India as they set the stage with their colleagues Dhruvi Narsaria, Aishorjyo Ghosh and Siddharth Bhide, and talk about how they are driving this food revolution. Here is everything you wanted to know about plant-based and cell-based meat, eggs and dairy but didn’t know where to look: GFI Library of Essential Reading:  DEFINITIONS: PLANT-BASED MEAT Plant-based food refers to meat, eggs and dairy made from plants. They use a bio-mimicry approach to replicate the taste and texture of meat while some plant-forward products like seitan, tofu and tempeh, serve as functional meat replacements. Although not biologically classified as plants, fungi and algae based products are also included in plant-based foods.  CELL-BASED MEAT Cell-based meat (also referred to as cultivated meat or clean meat) is genuine animal meat that can replicate the sensory and nutritional profile of conventionally produced meat. It is actual meat grown from cells outside of an animal. It is comprised of the same cell types and arranged in the same 3D structure as animal tissue.  DEFINITIONS: Scientific terminology used on the show: Gellation: "Gelation may be theoretically defined as a protein aggregation phenomenon in which polymer-polymer and polymer-solvent interactions and in which attractive and repulsive forces are so balanced that a well ordered tertiary network or matrix is formed. This matrix is capable of immobilizing or trapping extremely large amounts of water." Source: SCHMIDT, R. H. (1981). Gelation and Coagulation. Protein Functionality in Foods, 131–147. doi:10.1021/bk-1981-0147.ch007 Retorting: "The retort processing of food is a process of terminal thermal sterilization of pouched packed ready to eat food. Food is prepared by conventional method and then it is packed in the retort pouch available for different types of food. Finally these pouches are sterilized by using “Retort Process Sterilizers”. Maru A. and Musyuni P. Advancement in Food Technology through retort processing and food safety guidelines. International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology. Volume: 2: Issue-3: July-Sept -2011.  Homogenization: "Homogenization of dispersed systems (suspensions and emulsions) refers to the reduction of the size of the dispersed particles by applying some sort of shearing process. Several homogenization methods are in use and they differ in the mechanism of applying shear to the fluid." Zeki Berk, Chapter 8 - Production of single-strength citrus juices, Editor(s): Zeki Berk, Citrus Fruit Processing, Academic Press, 2016, Pages 127-185, ISBN 9780128031339, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-803133-9.00008-4. LINKS: If you want to know more about the companies and products discussed on the show, do check out these profiles: Impossible Foods Beyond Meat GFI Founder Bruce Friedrich’s Wired Article: Nerds over cattle, how food technology will save the world. GFI Founder Bruce Friedrich’s TED Talk on the next global agricultural revolution.  3D Meat Printing Jo’s 2050 dream of 3D printing meat may not be that far off. Bio-printing has so far been used to build 3D tissues and organ structures for regenerative medicine but this technology can be adapted to build meat products for consumption. Companies like Nova Meat and Redefine Meat are working right now to bring 3D meat to market.   For more, please read: https://techcrunch.com/2019/09/05/novameat-has-a-platform-for-3d-printing-steaks-and-has-new-money-to-take-it-to-market/ https://www.fooddive.com/news/redefine-meat-raises-6m-to-produce-3d-printed-meat-alternatives/562828/ You can listen to this show and other awesome shows on the new and improved IVM Podcasts App on Android: https://ivm.today/android or iOS: https://ivm.today/ios

A complex task: strategies to tune altered transcription in cancer Please join us as we welcome MIT Professor Angela Koehler. Angela is the Goldblith Career Development Professor in Applied Biology in the Department of Biological Engineering at MIT and an intramural member of the David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT. She is also an Institute Member of the Broad Institute and a Founding Member of the MIT Center for Precision Cancer Medicine. Her research group aims to discover and develop functional small-molecule probes of transcriptional regulators, including chromatin modifying enzymes and oncogenic transcription factors. Validated probes may be used to advance the understanding of transcription in development and disease. Selected probes may be developed into imaging agents, diagnostic tools, or therapeutic leads. Angela received her B.A. in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology from Reed College in 1997. There she worked under the guidance of Professor Arthur Glasfeld on structural and biochemical studies of proteins that recognize tRNA or DNA. In 2003, she received her Ph.D. in Chemistry from Harvard University where she worked with Professor Stuart Schreiber to develop novel technologies for identifying and characterizing interactions between proteins and small molecules. Upon graduation, she became an Institute Fellow in the Chemical Biology Program at the Broad Institute and a Group Leader for the NCI Initiative for Chemical Genetics.

Jonathan Milner's second Invested Investor podcast details his experience as a Cambridge Angel. Since he began in 2002 he has invested in forty different companies, very often leading deals as well. In this episode he shares his most important tips learned from an extensive entrepreneurial and investing history: from shouldering the burden of turning around a company in dire straits, to simplifying the decision of who to invest in.  Jonathan, co-Founder and currently Deputy Chairman of Abcam plc, is an entrepreneur and investor and is passionate about supporting UK life science and high-tech start-ups. He has provided considerable investment and support to over 40 companies and has assisted three technology companies to IPO on the London AIM Stock exchange. Jonathan gained his doctorate in Molecular Genetics at Leicester University after graduating in Applied Biology at Bath. From 1992–95, he was a post-doctoral researcher at Bath, following which he worked at the University of Cambridge in the lab of Professor Tony Kouzarides researching the molecular basis of breast cancer. He identified the market opportunity for supplying high-quality antibodies to support protein interaction studies, and in 1998, founded Abcam with David Cleevely and Professor Tony Kouzarides. Jonathan is also a non-executive director of Repositive, HealX and Syndicate Room. He is also Chairman of Axol Bioscience, Cambridge Allergy Therapy, and PhoreMost. In 2015 Jonathan, with Professor Tony Kouzarides, co-founded the Milner Therapeutics Institute at the University of Cambridge. Also in 2015 he co-founded, with Professor Laurence Hurst, the Milner Institute for Evolution at the University of Bath.

Jonathan Milner was working as a postdoc in a Cambridge oncology lab when he was struck by an 'entrepreneurial seizure'. Inspired by his father, an engineer who ran a small company, he set up a venture to manufacture antibodies for biology research. Having come close to bankruptcy, Abcam is now worth £2.3 billion and renowned for its positive company culture. In this podcast, the first of two podcasts featuring Jonathan Milner, he takes us through this journey, and explains how lessons learned - as well as a single bucket of ice - turned a failing company into a world leader. Jonathan, co-Founder and currently Deputy Chairman of Abcam plc, is an entrepreneur and investor and is passionate about supporting UK life science and high-tech start-ups. He has provided considerable investment and support to over 40 companies and has assisted three technology companies to IPO on the London AIM Stock exchange. Jonathan gained his doctorate in Molecular Genetics at Leicester University after graduating in Applied Biology at Bath. From 1992–95, he was a post-doctoral researcher at Bath, following which he worked at the University of Cambridge in the lab of Professor Tony Kouzarides researching the molecular basis of breast cancer. He identified the market opportunity for supplying high-quality antibodies to support protein interaction studies, and in 1998, founded Abcam with David Cleevely and Professor Tony Kouzarides. Jonathan is also a non-executive director of Repositive, HealX and Syndicate Room. He is also Chairman of Axol Bioscience, Cambridge Allergy Therapy, and PhoreMost. In 2015 Jonathan, with Professor Tony Kouzarides, co-founded the Milner Therapeutics Institute at the University of Cambridge. Also in 2015 he co-founded, with Professor Laurence Hurst, the Milner Institute for Evolution at the University of Bath.

Genome editing technologies provide the unprecedented ability to modify genetic material in a manner that is targeted, rapid, adaptable, and broadly accessible. Advances in genome editing form the foundation for new transformative applications across all of biology, ranging from highly personalized therapeutics to control of mosquito populations in the wild to reduce vector borne diseases. Extension of these technologies to gene drives and germline editing, which can alter the outcomes of inheritance, brings into focus the potential use of these tools in real clinical or ecological settings. While the potential for societal benefit from these technologies is immense, longer-term ramifications, such as the potential for these tools to impact large populations of organisms and ecosystems over many generations, must also be considered. Therefore, to support the safe and responsible use of gene editors, it is imperative that we innovate and build-in biosafety and biosecurity technologies early for future applications, including strategies to control, counter, and remediate the outcomes of gene editing. Co-development of safety measures ensures the continued rapid pace of technological progress, helps realize the potential of gene editors, and, importantly, enables novel applications to be accessible to the broadest and most impactful possible range of communities for public benefit. Dr. Renee Wegrzyn is a Program Manager at DARPA working to apply the tools of synthetic biology to support biosecurity and outpace infectious disease. Dr. Wegrzyn holds Doctor of Philosophy and Bachelor of Science degrees in Applied Biology from the Georgia Institute of Technology.

Prof Thomas talks to ecancertv at NCRI 2015 about how physical activity can benefit a cancer patient's health and wellbeing. Three to four hours of exercise a week is enough, he says, to make a significant difference to individuals and health systems. He explains how a lot of people think they shouldn't exercise because it will increase the problems associated with their cancer, such as joint pain or fatigue. Actually, he says, exercise can relieve these symptoms. This is a point that needs more emphasis and understanding from healthcare professionals and patients. Prof Thomas is also a visiting professor of Applied Biology and Exercise Science at the Coventry University.

Host: Joni Aldrich Guest: Kelley Eidem (Author) Topic: Dr. Emanuel Revici, The Doctor Who Cures Cancer Info: It could be the plot to a Hollywood thriller. Medical genius -- with insights at least 65 years ahead of his time -- discovers the cure for cancer. Have greed and professional jealousies converged to sweep that knowledge under the rug? Why else would "key players in the medical establishment" suppress Dr. Revici's work? Listen for yourself, and you decide. And, today? The Institute of Applied Biology was the former practice of Dr. Revici before his passing at the age of 101. The Center has its foundation in over half a century of experience in working with cancer patients as well as other chronic diseases. It has developed a reputation world wide for offering innovative non-toxic treatment options to patients. (For a copy of this interview go to www.w4tsr.com, click on Joni Aldrich, episode 1/12/12) Listen to Joni live M-F at 2:00 p.m. ET on www.W4CS.com. To learn more about Joni, go to www.JoniAldrich.com