Podcasts about observers

During the civil lawsuit filed by Virginia Giuffre against Prince Andrew, the Duke's legal team was widely mocked for appearing to scrape the bottom of the barrel in search of credible character witnesses. Instead of producing anyone with real moral weight or first-hand knowledge to vouch for him, Andrew's defense relied on weak, contradictory claims — including his infamous “I don't sweat” explanation and statements attempting to discredit Giuffre's recollection of events. His lawyers even sought broad discovery into Giuffre's past finances, social life, and mental health, a tactic viewed by many as desperate and irrelevant. The strategy looked less like a robust defense and more like an attempt to sling mud in the absence of evidence or credible allies willing to stand beside him.Observers noted that the Duke's inability to produce legitimate witnesses spoke volumes about his crumbling credibility and isolation. Instead of respected public figures, his legal team leaned on peripheral associates and technical arguments that only underscored how far he had fallen from royal grace. Even the court pressed for testimony from Giuffre's husband and psychologist — a clear sign that Andrew's side had failed to offer anyone of substance. By the time the case was heading toward trial, the optics were catastrophic: a once-powerful prince reduced to scavenging for defenders while the walls of public opinion and legal scrutiny closed in around him.to contact me:bobbycapucci@protonmail.com

Despite this race being a special election, Kus said turnout was strong. He said some locations still had lines at 8 p.m. as the polls closed. Work is still being done to count ballots in Fresno County for Proposition 50, California’s ballot measure on redistricting. Please Like, Comment and Follow 'Philip Teresi on KMJ' on all platforms: --- Philip Teresi on KMJ is available on the KMJNOW app, Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube or wherever else you listen to podcasts. -- Philip Teresi on KMJ Weekdays 2-6 PM Pacific on News/Talk 580 AM & 105.9 FM KMJ | Website | Facebook | Instagram | X | Podcast | Amazon | - Everything KMJ KMJNOW App | Podcasts | Facebook | X | Instagram See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

During the civil lawsuit filed by Virginia Giuffre against Prince Andrew, the Duke's legal team was widely mocked for appearing to scrape the bottom of the barrel in search of credible character witnesses. Instead of producing anyone with real moral weight or first-hand knowledge to vouch for him, Andrew's defense relied on weak, contradictory claims — including his infamous “I don't sweat” explanation and statements attempting to discredit Giuffre's recollection of events. His lawyers even sought broad discovery into Giuffre's past finances, social life, and mental health, a tactic viewed by many as desperate and irrelevant. The strategy looked less like a robust defense and more like an attempt to sling mud in the absence of evidence or credible allies willing to stand beside him.Observers noted that the Duke's inability to produce legitimate witnesses spoke volumes about his crumbling credibility and isolation. Instead of respected public figures, his legal team leaned on peripheral associates and technical arguments that only underscored how far he had fallen from royal grace. Even the court pressed for testimony from Giuffre's husband and psychologist — a clear sign that Andrew's side had failed to offer anyone of substance. By the time the case was heading toward trial, the optics were catastrophic: a once-powerful prince reduced to scavenging for defenders while the walls of public opinion and legal scrutiny closed in around him.to contact me:bobbycapucci@protonmail.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-moscow-murders-and-more--5852883/support.

Despite this race being a special election, Kus said turnout was strong. He said some locations still had lines at 8 p.m. as the polls closed. Work is still being done to count ballots in Fresno County for Proposition 50, California’s ballot measure on redistricting. Please Like, Comment and Follow 'Philip Teresi on KMJ' on all platforms: --- Philip Teresi on KMJ is available on the KMJNOW app, Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube or wherever else you listen to podcasts. -- Philip Teresi on KMJ Weekdays 2-6 PM Pacific on News/Talk 580 AM & 105.9 FM KMJ | Website | Facebook | Instagram | X | Podcast | Amazon | - Everything KMJ KMJNOW App | Podcasts | Facebook | X | Instagram See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

During the civil lawsuit filed by Virginia Giuffre against Prince Andrew, the Duke's legal team was widely mocked for appearing to scrape the bottom of the barrel in search of credible character witnesses. Instead of producing anyone with real moral weight or first-hand knowledge to vouch for him, Andrew's defense relied on weak, contradictory claims — including his infamous “I don't sweat” explanation and statements attempting to discredit Giuffre's recollection of events. His lawyers even sought broad discovery into Giuffre's past finances, social life, and mental health, a tactic viewed by many as desperate and irrelevant. The strategy looked less like a robust defense and more like an attempt to sling mud in the absence of evidence or credible allies willing to stand beside him.Observers noted that the Duke's inability to produce legitimate witnesses spoke volumes about his crumbling credibility and isolation. Instead of respected public figures, his legal team leaned on peripheral associates and technical arguments that only underscored how far he had fallen from royal grace. Even the court pressed for testimony from Giuffre's husband and psychologist — a clear sign that Andrew's side had failed to offer anyone of substance. By the time the case was heading toward trial, the optics were catastrophic: a once-powerful prince reduced to scavenging for defenders while the walls of public opinion and legal scrutiny closed in around him.to contact me:bobbycapucci@protonmail.comBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-epstein-chronicles--5003294/support.

Observers say the trade truce between the U.S. and China could hold for now, easing tensions for global markets and U.S. soybean farmers — but challenges remain. While China's purchases have pushed soybeans to a 16-month high, Brazil still has a cost advantage, and U.S. farmers continue to face high input prices and labor shortages tied to immigration policies. Meanwhile, new innovations like virtual fencing are helping ranchers adapt to tough conditions on public lands.

Episode 222 In this episode of The Observers Notebook Podcast, host Tim Robertson sits down with Alberto Anunziato, an ALPO Lunar Observer from Argentina. Together, they explore the fascinating intersection between art and science in lunar observation — how detailed sketches made at the eyepiece can capture fleeting features of the Moon, aid in scientific study, and preserve the personal experience of observation. Is sketching an artistic pastime or a scientific tool? Alberto shares his insights, techniques, and passion for visual recording of lunar phenomena, reminding us that even in the digital age, a sketch can reveal what a camera may miss. You can contact Alberto at: albertoanunziato@yahoo.com.ar For more information you can visit the ALPO web site at: www.alpo-astronomy.org/ You can also support this podcast at Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ObserversNotebook Listen to the podcast on Soundcloud: https://soundcloud.com/observersnotebook Subscribe on our YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/c/AssociationofLunarandPlanetaryObservers Subscribe on iTunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/observers-notebook-the-alpo-podcast/id1199301885?mt=2 I want to thank the Producers of this podcast, Steve Siedentop and Michael Moyer for their generous support of the Observers Notebook. Our Patreons: Jerry White Jason Inman Bob Lunsford Steve Seidentop Stephen Bennett Michael Moyer Shawn Dilles Damian Allis Carl Hergenrother Michael McShan Michael Blake Nick Evetts Stan Sienkiewicz Carl Hergenrother Stan Sienkiewicz John Rogers Jim McCarthy Stanley McMahan

Milky Way in a New Light: Astronomers have unveiled a stunning new radio image of the Milky Way, captured by the Murchison Wide Field Array in Australia. This unprecedented view reveals over 3,000 supernova remnants and stellar nurseries, enhancing our understanding of the life cycle of stars from birth to death.Farewell to Akatsuki: The Japanese space agency JAXA has officially declared its Akatsuki spacecraft dead after a decade of revolutionizing our understanding of Venus. Despite a rocky start, Akatsuki provided invaluable data on the planet's super rotation and atmospheric dynamics.Comet Watching Season: Comet C 2025 A6, also known as Comet Lemmon, is currently visible in the Northern Hemisphere. Observers are encouraged to look shortly after sunset for this long-period comet, which won't return for another 1,154 years!China's Lunar Ambitions: China has reaffirmed its goal to land astronauts on the Moon by 2030, with significant progress on the Long March 10 rocket and lunar lander. This announcement coincides with the upcoming Shenzhou 21 mission to the Tiangong Space Station, featuring the youngest Chinese astronaut to date.First Stars Born in Pairs: A new study suggests that the universe's first stars, known as Population 3 stars, were commonly born in binary systems. By studying stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud, researchers found that 70% of massive stars are in close pairs, offering insights into early galaxy evolution and black hole formation.For more cosmic updates, visit our website at astronomydaily.io. Join our community on social media by searching for #AstroDailyPod on Facebook, X, YouTubeMusic, TikTok, and our new Instagram account! Don't forget to subscribe to the podcast on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, iHeartRadio, or wherever you get your podcasts.Thank you for tuning in. This is Anna and Avery signing off. Until next time, keep looking up and exploring the wonders of our universe.✍️ Episode ReferencesMilky Way Radio Image[Murchison Wide Field Array](https://www.mwfa.edu.au/)Akatsuki Mission[JAXA](https://www.jaxa.jp/)Comet C 2025 A6[NASA](https://www.nasa.gov/)China's Lunar Plans[China National Space Administration](http://www.cnsa.gov.cn/)Population 3 Stars Study[Nature Astronomy](https://www.nature.com/natastronomy/)Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/astronomy-daily-space-news-updates--5648921/support.Sponsor Details:Ensure your online privacy by using NordVPN. To get our special listener deal and save a lot of money, visit www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. You'll be glad you did!Sponsor Details:Ensure your online privacy by using NordVPN. To get our special listener deal and save a lot of money, visit www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. You'll be glad you did!Become a supporter of Astronomy Daily by joining our Supporters Club. Commercial free episodes daily are only a click way... Click Here

President Xi Jinping has underlined the need to ensure the steady movement forward of China-US relations during his meeting with US President Donald Trump in Busan, the Republic of Korea, on Thursday. This is the first face-to-face meeting between them since Trump assumed office in January for his second term as US president. At the start of their talks, Xi noted that since Trump's reelection, they have spoken on the phone three times, exchanged several letters and stayed in close contact. "Under our joint guidance, China-US relations have remained stable on the whole," Xi said. Trump called Xi "very, very distinguished and respected" and said it is his honor "to be with a friend of mine really for a long time". "We have already agreed to a lot of things and we will agree to some more right now," he said. "I think we are going to have a fantastic relationship for a long period of time." Xi emphasized that China's development and revitalization go hand in hand with Trump's vision to "Make America Great Again". "Our two countries are fully able to help each other succeed and prosper together. China and the US should be partners and friends. That is what history has taught us and what reality needs," Xi said. Xi said he is ready to continue working with Trump to "build a solid foundation for China-US relations and create a sound atmosphere for the development of both countries". Xi noted that Trump is very enthusiastic about settling various regional hotspot issues, and China has also been promoting peace talks to resolve various conflicts. "The world today is confronted with many tough problems," Xi said. "China and the US can jointly shoulder our responsibility as major countries, and work together to accomplish more great and concrete things for the good of our two countries and the whole world." Last month, the two leaders held their third phone conversation this year, following the first call in January and a second in June. Observers said the top priority now is to further implement the consensus made by the two heads of state. Diao Da ming, a professor of US studies at Renmin University of China's School of International Relations, noted that China-US ties, despite some ups and downs this year, "have maintained a generally stable status thanks to the navigating role played by the head-of-state diplomacy". The ties have been affected by destabilizing factors such as economic and trade frictions brought by Washington's subscription to competition against China, he noted. "The head-of-state diplomacy between the two countries has helped manage and control negative factors," he added. At Thursday's talks, Xi noted that a few days ago, in the latest round of consultation in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, the economic and trade teams from the two countries "reached a basic consensus on addressing our respective major concerns", and "this provided the necessary conditions" for their meeting on Thursday. "Given our different national conditions, we do not always see eye to eye with each other. And it is normal for the two leading economies of the world to have frictions now and then," he said. "You and I are at the helm of China-US relations. In the face of winds, waves and challenges, we should stay on the right course, navigate through the complex landscape, and ensure the steady sailing forward of the giant ship of China-US relations," he told Trump.

Premiums for Affordable Care Act coverage will skyrocket, just days before open enrollment starts on November 1. The price hike is one of the largest jumps since Obamacare plans debuted more than a decade ago — and it doesn’t factor in the expiration of the enhanced premium subsidies. Please Like, Comment and Follow 'Broeske & Musson' on all platforms: --- The ‘Broeske & Musson Podcast’ is available on the KMJNOW app, Apple Podcasts, Spotify or wherever else you listen to podcasts. --- ‘Broeske & Musson' Weekdays 9-11 AM Pacific on News/Talk 580 AM & 105.9 FM KMJ | Facebook | Podcast| X | - Everything KMJ KMJNOW App | Podcasts | Facebook | X | Instagram See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

As the Trump administration's Department of Justice prepares to send election monitors to California for next week's election, California's attorney general on Monday said the state will have its own observers keeping an eye on them. Please Like, Comment and Follow 'Philip Teresi on KMJ' on all platforms: --- Philip Teresi on KMJ is available on the KMJNOW app, Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube or wherever else you listen to podcasts. -- Philip Teresi on KMJ Weekdays 2-6 PM Pacific on News/Talk 580 AM & 105.9 FM KMJ | Website | Facebook | Instagram | X | Podcast | Amazon | - Everything KMJ KMJNOW App | Podcasts | Facebook | X | Instagram See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

As the Trump administration's Department of Justice prepares to send election monitors to California for next week's election, California's attorney general on Monday said the state will have its own observers keeping an eye on them. Please Like, Comment and Follow 'Philip Teresi on KMJ' on all platforms: --- Philip Teresi on KMJ is available on the KMJNOW app, Apple Podcasts, Spotify, YouTube or wherever else you listen to podcasts. -- Philip Teresi on KMJ Weekdays 2-6 PM Pacific on News/Talk 580 AM & 105.9 FM KMJ | Website | Facebook | Instagram | X | Podcast | Amazon | - Everything KMJ KMJNOW App | Podcasts | Facebook | X | Instagram See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

China and the United States have reached "preliminary consensus" on key issues, including tariff suspension, trade in agricultural products and export controls, after two days of "constructive" trade talks in Malaysia over the weekend.上周末，中美在马来西亚举行了为期两天的“建设性”贸易会谈。会谈后，双方就关税暂停、农产品贸易、出口管制等关键议题达成“初步共识”。A statement released on Sunday following the conclusion of the fifth round of trade talks since May said that officials representing China and the US held "frank, in-depth and constructive" exchanges on key trade issues of mutual concern.自5月以来的第五轮贸易会谈于周日结束，会后发布的声明称，中美双方代表就共同关注的关键贸易议题进行了“坦诚、深入且富有建设性”的交流。China and the US gain from cooperation and lose from confrontation, Chinese Vice-Premier He Lifeng said after meeting with US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent and US Trade Representative Jamieson Greer in Kuala Lumpur on Saturday and Sunday.中国国务院副总理何立峰于周六和周日在吉隆坡同美国财政部长斯科特・贝森特、美国贸易代表贾米森・格里尔会面后表示，中美合作则两利，对抗则两伤。He noted that when economic and trade frictions appear, both countries should uphold the principles of mutual respect, peaceful coexistence and win-win cooperation to properly address each other's concerns through equal-footed dialogue and consultation.何立峰指出，当经贸摩擦出现时，两国应秉持相互尊重、和平共处、合作共赢的原则，通过平等对话协商妥善解决彼此关切。The US should work with China toward the same direction, to further build up trust, manage differences, expand mutually beneficial cooperation, and promote bilateral economic and trade relations to a higher level, the vice-premier added.副总理补充道，美方应与中方相向而行，进一步增进互信、管控分歧、扩大互利合作，推动双边经贸关系迈向更高水平。The talks addressed various issues, including the US' Section 301 measures targeting China's maritime, logistics and shipbuilding sectors, extension of the reciprocal tariff suspension, fentanyl-related tariffs and law enforcement cooperation, trade in agricultural products, and export controls, the statement said.声明称，会谈涉及多个议题，包括美方针对中国海事、物流和造船行业的“301条款”措施、相互关税暂停期限延长、芬太尼相关关税及执法合作、农产品贸易以及出口管制等。A preliminary consensus was reached about arrangements to address each other's concerns, with both sides agreeing to further work out the specifics and follow their respective domestic approval processes.双方就解决彼此关切的安排达成初步共识，并同意进一步细化具体内容，同时履行各自国内审批程序。Li Chenggang, China's international trade representative at the Ministry of Commerce, told a news conference on Sunday that while the US presented its position firmly, China remained resolute in safeguarding its interests.中国商务部国际贸易谈判代表李成钢周日在新闻发布会上表示，尽管美方坚定地表达了自身立场，但中方在维护自身利益方面同样立场坚定。Li said that China has strictly followed the consensus reached in multiple phone conversations between the two heads of state, earnestly implementing the outcomes of economic and trade consultations, and carefully safeguarding the "hard-won relative stability" in bilateral relations. "The recent fluctuations and disruptions are not what China wishes to see," he added.李成钢指出，中方严格遵循两国元首多次通话达成的共识，认真落实经贸磋商成果，悉心维护双边关系“来之不易的相对稳定局面”。他补充道：“近期出现的波动和干扰并非中方所愿。”The latest round of trade talks took place at a tense time when Washington's imposition of new restrictions prompted resolute countermeasures from Beijing, shattering months of relative calm.最新一轮贸易会谈召开之际，局势本就紧张——美方实施新的限制措施，引发中方采取坚决反制措施，打破了数月来的相对平静。The two countries had reached a trade truce in May, agreeing to roll back triple-digit tariffs, which was later extended to Nov 10.两国曾在5月达成贸易休战协议，同意取消三位数关税，该协议后来延长至11月10日。However, at the end of September — mere weeks after the fourth round of trade negotiations in Spain yielded progress in stabilizing ties — the US expanded its export controls on advanced technology to China. This was followed by imposition of additional port fees on Chinese-built and Chinese-operated ships earlier this month.然而，9月底——距双方在西班牙举行第四轮贸易谈判、在稳定双边关系方面取得进展仅几周后，美方扩大了对中国先进技术的出口管制。本月早些时候，美方又对中国建造和运营的船舶额外征收港口费。The administration of US President Donald Trump, in retaliation for Beijing's tightened restrictions on rare earth exports for military applications, also vowed to impose 100 percent additional tariffs on Chinese goods and export controls on "any and all critical software" effective next month.针对中方收紧军用稀土出口管制的举措，美国总统唐纳德・特朗普政府还誓言将于下月对中国商品额外征收100%的关税，并对“所有关键软件”实施出口管制，以此作为报复。Gao Lingyun, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences' Institute of World Economics and Politics, said that consensus cannot last if the US continues to weaken the trust it is built upon with its unilateral and protectionist actions.中国社会科学院世界经济与政治研究所研究员高凌云表示，若美方继续通过单边主义和保护主义行径削弱共识所依赖的互信基础，那么共识将难以维系。It's crucial for the US to work with China to take concrete actions and faithfully honor their commitments made during these talks, thereby creating conditions for further dialogue and cooperation that will benefit the two countries and the world at large, Gao added.高凌云补充道，美方与中方共同采取切实行动、切实履行会谈期间作出的承诺至关重要，唯有如此，才能为进一步对话与合作创造条件，这不仅有利于中美两国，也将惠及全世界。Observers are also closely watching to see whether the two economic heavyweights extend their "tariff truce", which is set to expire on Nov 10, while hoping to see broader cooperation between the two countries.观察人士也在密切关注这两个经济大国是否会延长将于11月10日到期的“关税休战”，同时期待两国开展更广泛的合作。Sean Stein, president of the US-China Business Council, told China Daily that he hoped that both sides would agree to further extend the tariff truce. Stein cautioned that it was better not to have high expectations from the China-US dialogue in the short term. "It should set us up for a better, longer-term trade relationship," he added.美中贸易全国委员会主席肖恩・斯坦因在接受《中国日报》采访时表示，他希望双方能同意进一步延长关税休战。斯坦因提醒称，不应对短期的中美对话抱有过高期望。他补充道：“此次对话应为建立更良好、更长期的贸易关系奠定基础。”"The US and China are the world's two largest economies, the world's two most technologically advanced economies, and the world's two most dynamic economies," he said, adding that "there are a lot of things that we need to get right on the economic front".他表示：“美国和中国是全球前两大经济体，也是全球技术最先进、最具活力的两个经济体。”他还补充说，“在经济领域，我们有许多事情需要处理妥当。Former US treasury secretary Robert E. Rubin said that the better way would be to have "an open trading system" between the US and China, as well as involving the rest of the world. "Chinese people have a very strong history of technological innovation, and in time they'll get where they need to be," Rubin said on the sidelines of the 2025 Bund Summit in Shanghai earlier this week.”美国前财政部长罗伯特・鲁宾表示，更好的方式是中美之间建立“开放的贸易体系”，同时让世界其他国家也参与其中。本周早些时候，鲁宾在上海举行的2025年外滩金融峰会上表示：“中国人民在技术创新方面有着深厚的历史积淀，假以时日，他们一定能实现自己的目标。Rubin said that if the two countries can work together on artificial intelligence in an open trading system, the results would be "advantageous".”鲁宾指出，若两国能在开放的贸易体系下就人工智能领域开展合作，所产生的成果将“颇具益处”。Despite the recent escalation in tensions between the two countries, many US businesses remain optimistic about their future in the Chinese market. "The Chinese market remains our No 1 priority in the Asia-Pacific region," said Steven Sare, managing director for the Asia-Pacific of US apparel and accessories retailer Abercrombie & Fitch.尽管近期两国紧张局势升级，但许多美国企业对其在中国市场的未来仍持乐观态度。美国服装配饰零售商阿贝克隆比&费奇亚太区董事总裁史蒂文・萨尔（音译）表示：“中国市场仍是我们在亚太地区的首要关注点。”preliminary /prɪˈlɪmɪnəri/adj.初步的；预备的reciprocal /rɪˈsɪprəkl/adj.相互的；互惠的；对等的unilateral /ˌjuːnɪˈlætrəl/adj.单方面的；单边的；片面的

Staffing in Virginia's two U. S. Attorney offices has seen noticeable changes since the beginning of President Donald Trump's second term in office.  Some of that's to be expected when a new administration begins, though some legal observers say what's happening is very different. Dave Cantor has more.

In 1954, one year after China initiated the inaugural Five-Year Plan (1953-57), a specialized factory for manufacturing bearings, core components of mechanical equipment, was set up in Luoyang, Henan province.1954年，即中国启动第一个五年计划（1953-1957年）后的一年，河南省洛阳市建成了一家专门生产轴承（机械设备核心零部件）的工厂。It was one of the 156 key projects launched nationwide during the period when the country was striving to build up the basic industries essential for national industrialization. These projects, spanning sectors such as steel, machinery, energy and chemical engineering, laid the foundation for China's industrialization in its early days, marking a determined stride from an agricultural society toward industrial prowess.该工厂是全国156个重点项目之一，这些项目在国家着力建设国民工业化必需的基础产业时期在全国范围内推进。这些项目涵盖钢铁、机械、能源、化工等多个领域，为中国早期工业化奠定了基础，标志着中国从农业社会向工业强国迈出了坚定步伐。Over 70 years later, Luoyang Bearing Group stands as a testament to this enduring vision, as it has evolved into an innovation-driven enterprise manufacturing over 30,000 types of high-precision bearings, vital to industries ranging from aerospace and wind power to rail transit and marine engineering.70多年后，洛阳轴承集团成为这一长远愿景的见证者——如今它已发展为一家创新驱动型企业，可生产超过3万种高精度轴承，对航空航天、风电、轨道交通、海洋工程等多个行业至关重要。During a visit to the company in May, President Xi Jinping, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, reflected on this remarkable progress, saying: "China has always adhered to the path of developing the real economy. From the past reliance on imported matches, soap and iron, to now becoming the world's largest manufacturing country with the most complete industrial categories, we have taken the right path."5月，中国共产党中央委员会总书记、中国共产党中央军事委员会主席、中华人民共和国主席、中华人民共和国中央军事委员会主席习近平在考察该企业时，回顾了这一显著发展历程，他指出：“中国始终坚持发展实体经济。从过去依赖进口火柴、肥皂、铁钉，到如今成为工业门类最齐全的世界第一制造大国，我们走对了路。”Sticking to this path, China has remained the world's largest manufacturing country for 15 consecutive years. Observers noted that this transformative journey underscores the profound efficacy of the five-year plan system as a fundamental instrument of China's governance.坚持这一道路，中国已连续15年保持世界第一制造大国地位。观察人士指出，这一变革性历程凸显了五年规划体系作为中国治理基本工具的深远效能。Five-year plans are crucial strategic documents that outline national goals, major tasks and policy directions in various sectors for each five-year period.五年规划是重要的战略文件，为每一个五年期内各领域的国家目标、重大任务和政策方向作出规划。It is an approach that experts say maintains policy continuity and stability toward established goals, and ensures the efficient and well-calibrated allocation of resources.专家表示，这一模式能够保障针对既定目标的政策连续性与稳定性，并确保资源得到高效、精准的配置。Formulating and implementing five-year plans has been a hallmark of the Communist Party of China's governance, enabling China to promote coordinated economic and social development over the medium and long terms. For China, the consistent theme from the first Five-Year Plan to the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-25), as President Xi pointed out, has been to build China into a modern socialist country.制定和实施五年规划是中国共产党治国理政的显著特征，助力中国推动中长期经济社会协调发展。习近平主席指出，从第一个五年计划到第十四个五年计划（2021-2025年），中国始终围绕建设社会主义现代化国家这一主题推进各项工作。For more than seven decades, a key to the enduring vitality of the five-year plan system lies in "a synergistic relationship in which the top-level design and long-term perspective of national planning effectively complement the microlevel efficiency and innovative drive of the market economy", said Yan Yilong, deputy dean of the Institute for Contemporary China Studies at Tsinghua University.清华大学当代中国研究中心副主任阎学通表示，70多年来，五年规划体系保持持久活力的关键在于“国家规划的顶层设计和长远视野，与市场经济的微观效率和创新动力形成了协同互补的关系”。"This system operates on three pillars: building consensus on national goals through political guidance and scientific planning, breaking down goals into actionable tasks with evaluation and supervision, and ensuring resource allocation to support these objectives," Yan said.他指出：“这一体系依托三大支柱运行：通过政治引领和科学规划凝聚国家目标共识、将目标分解为可执行任务并辅以评估监督、保障资源配置以支撑这些目标的实现。”The five-year plans are not merely economic plans but comprehensive national development blueprints, and the robust implementation of these blueprints is the highlight of China's governance, he added.他补充道，五年规划不仅是经济规划，更是全面的国家发展蓝图，而这些蓝图的有力实施是中国治理的突出亮点。Acknowledging the nature and significance of China's five-year plan system, The Diplomat, a Washington, DC-based foreign affairs magazine, noted that "the plans are neither rigid blueprints nor mere guidelines. Instead, they act as authoritative signals that shape the behavior of ministries, provincial governments, State-owned enterprises, private firms, and increasingly foreign investors".美国华盛顿特区的外交杂志《外交家》认可中国五年规划体系的性质与意义，指出“这些规划既非僵化的蓝图，也非单纯的指导方针，而是具有权威性的信号，能够影响各部委、省级政府、国有企业、民营企业，乃至越来越多的外国投资者的行为”。Over the decades, China's five-year plans have guided continuous progress in national development and living standards, from ensuring adequate food and clothing after completing the sixth and seventh five-year plans in the 1980s to propelling China's total economic output to become the world's second-largest in the 11th Five-Year Plan (2006-10) period.数十年来，中国的五年规划引领国家发展和人民生活水平不断提升：20世纪80年代完成第六、七个五年计划后，中国解决了温饱问题；在第十一个五年计划（2006-2010年）期间，中国经济总量跃居世界第二。"Five-year plans illustrate the nation's shift from a planned economy to a socialist market economy," said Zhang Zhanbin, director of the Chinese Modernization Research Center at the Party School of the CPC Central Committee.中共中央党校（国家行政学院）中国式现代化研究中心主任张占斌表示：“五年规划见证了中国从计划经济向社会主义市场经济的转变。”He highlighted the transformative power of these plans by citing the example of the revitalization of Northeast China, comprising Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces.他以中国东北地区（包括黑龙江、吉林、辽宁三省）的振兴为例，凸显了五年规划的变革力量。The region became the nation's heavy-industry heartland during the first Five-Year Plan period and was reinvigorated decades later by the 10th Five-Year Plan (2001-05), which proposed to support the adjustment and transformation of the old industrial base. Each subsequent five-year plan has included dedicated sections outlining tasks for Northeast China's revitalization.“一五”时期，东北地区成为国家重工业基地；数十年后，第十个五年计划（2001-2005年）提出支持老工业基地调整改造，为该地区注入了新活力。此后的每一个五年规划中，都设有专门章节明确东北地区振兴的任务。The 14th Five-Year Plan has initiated a more comprehensive revitalization phase for Northeast China, with a State Council-approved implementation plan outlining a clear road map for the region's future.第十四个五年计划开启了东北地区全面振兴的新阶段，国务院批复的实施方案为该地区未来发展绘制了清晰路线图。"The elevating of the strategic positioning of Northeast China in the recent five-year plans reflects the Party and the country's earnest expectations for its comprehensive revitalization in the new era," Zhang said.张占斌指出：“近年来的五年规划不断提升东北地区的战略定位，这体现了党和国家对新时代东北全面振兴的殷切期望。”关键阶段The year 2025 signifies the conclusion of the 14th Five-Year Plan and is pivotal in shaping the subsequent five-year agenda.2025年是第十四个五年规划的收官之年，对制定后续五年规划议程具有关键意义。The 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-30), the draft proposals of which are being discussed at the ongoing fourth plenary session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, is tasked with achieving "decisive progress" in basically realizing socialist modernization by 2035, said Yan.阎学通表示，正在召开的党的二十届四中全会正在讨论第十五个五年计划（2026-2030年）草案建议，该规划的任务是到2035年基本实现社会主义现代化并取得“决定性进展”。Speaking at a symposium with provincial leaders in Shanghai in April, Xi pointed out that the scientific formulation and consistent implementation of five-year plans represent an important experience of the Party in governing the country and a major political strength of socialism with Chinese characteristics.4月，习近平在上海与省级领导干部座谈时指出，科学制定和坚决实施五年规划，是党治国理政的重要经验，也是中国特色社会主义的重要政治优势。Xi, who previously led the drafting groups for both the 13th and 14th five-year plans, has consistently emphasized strategic foresight in guiding each phase of national development.习近平曾牵头第十三、十四个五年规划的编制工作，他始终强调以战略远见引领国家各阶段发展。During the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016-20) period, he underscored that this stage was decisive for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and highlighted the importance of leveraging strategic opportunities. For the 14th Five-Year Plan, he outlined the historic mission of advancing toward the second centenary goal and called for a profound understanding of the new stage of development, including its characteristics and requirements.在第十三个五年计划（2016-2020年）时期，他强调该阶段是全面建成小康社会的决胜阶段，并着重指出把握战略机遇的重要性；针对第十四个五年规划，他明确了向第二个百年奋斗目标迈进的历史使命，要求深刻认识新发展阶段的内涵与要求。广泛共识Looking ahead to the 15th Five-Year Plan, Xi has highlighted that the formulation and implementation of this plan has immense significance for fully realizing the strategic initiatives outlined at the 20th CPC National Congress and advancing Chinese modernization.展望第十五个五年规划，习近平强调，制定和实施这一规划，对全面落实党的二十大部署的战略任务、推进中国式现代化具有重大意义。In an instruction in May, he emphasized the importance of integrating top-level design with seeking advice from the public, enhancing research and discussions, and building broad consensus, and stressed sound, democratic and law-based decision-making to ensure that the next five-year plan is formulated with high quality.5月，习近平在一份指示中强调，要坚持顶层设计和问计于民相结合，深入开展调研论证，凝聚广泛共识，坚持科学决策、民主决策、依法决策，确保高质量编制好下一个五年规划。A key feature of the planning process has been the emphasis on public participation. From May 20 to June 20, an online campaign soliciting opinions for the 15th Five-Year Plan received over 3.11 million suggestions from the public. Xi described this as a vivid example of whole-process people's democracy and urged relevant departments to carefully study and absorb these valuable insights.公众参与是五年规划编制过程的重要特点。5月20日至6月20日，面向第十五个五年规划的网上意见征集活动收到了超过311万条公众建议。习近平称这是全过程人民民主的生动实践，并要求相关部门认真研究吸收这些宝贵意见。By integrating visionary guidance with inclusive governance, China's "target governance mechanism", exemplified by the five-year plan system, continues to be a vital tool for aligning national ambitions with the aspirations of its people, said Yan, the Tsinghua expert.阎学通表示，通过将远见引领与包容性治理相结合，以五年规划体系为代表的中国“目标治理机制”，仍是统筹国家愿景与人民期盼的重要工具。As China navigates a complex landscape of technological acceleration, economic transformation and strategic competition, the next five-year plan represents a critical step toward securing sustainable and high-quality development, he added.他补充道，在当前技术加速迭代、经济转型升级、国际竞争加剧的复杂形势下，下一个五年规划将是中国实现可持续高质量发展的关键一步。20th CPC Central Committee membersn.中共二十届中央委员会委员/ˈtwentiəθ ˌsiː piː ˈsiː ˈsentrəl kəˈmɪti ˈmembəz/15th Five-Year Plan researchers/expertsn.“十五五”规划研究者/专家/ˌfɪfˈtiːnθ ˈfaɪv jɪə plæn rɪˈsɜːtʃəz/ /ˈekspɜːts/

As the fourth plenary session of the 20th Communist Party of China Central Committee is held from Monday to Thursday, the spotlight will be on how China will use the key Party meeting to set the tone for its development priorities for the next five years amid persistent economic headwinds.中共二十届四中全会于周一至周四召开，在经济持续面临压力的背景下，外界聚焦中国将如何通过此次重要党内会议，为未来五年的发展重点定调。The fourth plenary session is expected to see the leadership reviewing the proposal of the CPC Central Committee for the 15th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development, which will lay the groundwork for the country's development from 2026 to 2030.此次四中全会预计将审议《中共中央关于制定国民经济和社会发展第十五个五年规划的建议》，该建议将为中国2026至2030年的发展奠定基础。Observers said that what makes this meeting significant is not the prospect of dramatic shifts, but rather the reaffirmation of a steady and pragmatic vision that has enabled China to weather global uncertainty and maintain momentum as the world's second-largest economy.观察人士表示，此次会议的重要性不在于可能出现重大转向，而在于重申稳健务实的发展理念——正是这一理念帮助中国抵御了全球不确定性，作为世界第二大经济体保持了发展势头。Xi Jinping, general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, has chartered the course for the 15th Five-Year Plan. He has chaired a number of high-level meetings attended by senior officials to discuss key priorities for the new plan, while State media outlets have launched a national campaign to gather public input and feedback.中共中央总书记习近平为“十五五”规划指明了方向。他主持召开多次高级别会议，与高层官员共同研讨新规划的重点任务；同时，中央媒体启动全国性活动，征集公众意见与反馈。During an inspection tour to Shanghai in April, Xi presided over a symposium on China's economic and social development in the 15th Five-Year Plan period.今年4月习近平在上海考察期间，主持召开了“十五五”时期中国经济社会发展座谈会。"We must unswervingly manage our own affairs well, and stay committed to expanding high-standard opening-up," Xi told the symposium, while stressing the need to adapt to the changing global landscape and grasp strategic priorities for China's development.习近平在座谈会上表示：“我们要坚定不移办好自己的事，坚定扩大高水平对外开放。”他同时强调，要主动适应全球格局变化，把握中国发展的战略重点。"Greater emphasis should be placed on ensuring both development and security, with a comprehensive assessment of domestic and external risks and challenges," he said.他指出：“要更加注重统筹发展和安全，全面研判国内国际风险挑战。”The 15th Five-Year Plan is considered a crucial step, as China is using a three-plan period—the 14th, 15th and 16th Five-Year Plans—to "basically realize socialist modernization" by 2035.“十五五”规划被视为关键一步，因为中国正计划通过“十四五”“十五五”“十六五”三个五年规划时期，在2035年“基本实现社会主义现代化”。Experts said that during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, China's development priorities are likely to be centered around enhancing its economic resilience, which will include diversifying trading partners, boosting domestic consumption and improving technology and innovation capabilities.专家表示，“十五五”时期中国的发展重点可能围绕提升经济韧性展开，具体措施包括拓展贸易伙伴多样性、扩大国内消费、提升科技创新能力。Cheng Xusen, a research fellow at Renmin University of China's National Academy of Development and Strategy, said that the development of new quality productive forces, a key driver for high-quality growth, is expected to be a priority in the 15th Five-Year Plan.中国人民大学国家发展与战略研究院研究员程秀森表示，作为高质量发展的关键驱动力，发展新质生产力有望成为“十五五”规划的重点任务。Key priorities include expanding domestic demand, boosting consumption's role in economic growth, creating high-quality jobs and increasing household incomes, Cheng said.程秀森指出，重点任务还包括扩大内需、强化消费对经济增长的拉动作用、创造高质量就业岗位、提高居民收入。In addition, China intends to deepen high-level opening-up by promoting trade facilitation and liberalization, strengthening international economic cooperation, and enhancing its position in global industrial and supply chains, he added.他补充道，此外中国还将通过推动贸易便利化与自由化、加强国际经济合作、提升在全球产业链供应链中的地位，深化高水平对外开放。Cao Heping, a professor at Peking University's School of Economics, said that technology innovation, as the main driving force of high-quality growth, is evolving from an engine that propels progress into a key force reshaping the nation's economic landscape.北京大学经济学院教授曹和平表示，科技创新作为高质量发展的主要驱动力，正从推动发展的引擎，转变为重塑中国经济格局的关键力量。During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, the innovation-driven development strategy is expected to further unleash its effectiveness on a broader scale, Cao said, and the deeper integration of new energy, new materials and intelligent manufacturing is expected to forge new technological strengths and drive the next phase of industrial transformation.曹和平称，“十五五”时期，创新驱动发展战略有望在更广泛领域进一步释放效能；新能源、新材料与智能制造的深度融合，预计将打造新的技术优势，推动下一阶段产业转型。At the April symposium, Xi highlighted the strategic importance of developing new quality productive forces tailored to local conditions during the 15th Five-Year Plan period, adding that China's development will be driven by technological innovation, with the real economy being the foundation.在4月的座谈会上，习近平强调了“十五五”时期因地制宜发展新质生产力的战略意义，并指出中国发展要以科技创新为动力，以实体经济为根基。He also highlighted the importance of improving the national innovation system through stimulating the vitality of various innovation entities and zeroing in on global scientific and technological frontiers.他还强调，要通过激发各类创新主体活力、聚焦全球科技前沿，完善国家创新体系。Matteo Giovannini, a finance professional at the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China and a nonresident associate fellow at the Beijing-based think tank Center for China and Globalization, said that over the past few years, China has consistently contributed around 30 percent of global economic growth, a figure unmatched by any other major economy.中国工商银行金融专业人士、北京智库全球化智库非resident副研究员马泰奥·乔瓦尼尼表示，过去几年中国对全球经济增长的贡献率始终保持在30%左右，这一比例远超其他主要经济体。"In 2024, the country's GDP grew by 5 percent year-on-year, reaffirming its role as a key stabilizer of the world economy. These achievements are not the outcome of short-term stimulus, but of structural progress guided by long-term vision," Giovannini said in an article published by the China Global Television Network.乔瓦尼尼在为中国国际电视台撰写的文章中表示：“2024年中国GDP同比增长5%，再次印证了其世界经济关键稳定器的作用。这些成就并非短期刺激政策的结果，而是长期规划引领下结构型发展的成果。”He said that as China prepares to embark on the next stage of modernization, the fourth plenary session offers an opportunity to consolidate these gains and chart the path forward.他指出，在中国准备迈入现代化建设新阶段之际，四中全会为巩固现有成果、规划未来道路提供了契机。"Ultimately, the fourth plenum embodies China's quiet confidence in its governance model. It demonstrates that reform, innovation and openness can coexist under a framework of stability and national purpose," Giovannini said. "The global environment may be fraught with sanctions, trade friction and political suspicion, but China's long-term orientation enables it to look beyond short-term turbulence."乔瓦尼尼表示：“归根结底，四中全会体现了中国对自身治理模式的从容自信。这表明在稳定与国家目标的框架下，改革、创新与开放可以并行不悖。尽管全球环境充满制裁、贸易摩擦与政治猜忌，但中国的长期导向使其能够超越短期动荡。”20th CPC Central Committee membersn.中共二十届中央委员会委员 /ˈtwentiəθ ˌsiː piː ˈsiː ˈsentrəl kəˈmɪti ˈmembəz/15th Five-Year Plan researchers/expertsn.“十五五”规划研究者/专家/ˌfɪfˈtiːnθ ˈfaɪv jɪə plæn rɪˈsɜːtʃəz/ /ˈekspɜːts/

Episode 221 In this episode of the Observers Notebook podcast, host Tim Robertson talks to Bob Lunsford about the upcoming Orionids, Taurids, and Leonid's Meteor Showers. You can contact Bob at: lunro.imo.usa@cox.net American Meteor Society https://www.amsmeteors.org/meteor-showers/meteor-shower-calendar/ For more information you can visit the ALPO web site at: www.alpo-astronomy.org/ You can also support this podcast at Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ObserversNotebook Listen to the podcast on Soundcloud: https://soundcloud.com/observersnotebook Subscribe on our YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/c/AssociationofLunarandPlanetaryObservers Subscribe on iTunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/observers-notebook-the-alpo-podcast/id1199301885?mt=2 I want to thank the Producers of this podcast, Steve Siedentop and Michael Moyer for their generous support of the Observers Notebook. Our Patreons: Jerry White Jason Inman Bob Lunsford Steve Seidentop Stephen Bennett Michael Moyer Shawn Dilles Damian Allis Carl Hergenrother Michael McShan Michael Blake Nick Evetts Stan Sienkiewicz Carl Hergenrother Stan Sienkiewicz John Rogers Jim McCarthy Stanley McMahan

The decision to delay Bill and Hillary Clinton's depositions in the congressional probe into Jeffrey Epstein has reignited public skepticism over whether powerful political figures will ever face genuine accountability. Bill Clinton's long-documented ties to Epstein — including flights on the financier's private jet and appearances in visitor logs — have made him a central figure of interest in the investigation. Yet, despite repeated assurances of transparency, the Clintons remain insulated behind legal maneuvering and procedural delays. Critics argue that such postponements underscore how the justice system bends for the well-connected, turning what should be a fact-finding process into a slow-motion exercise in political optics.The congressional inquiry, billed as a serious attempt to unravel Epstein's political network, is increasingly viewed as a performance rather than a pursuit of truth. While survivors and the public wait for substantive action, the Clintons' ability to delay testimony reinforces a familiar pattern — one where power shields itself from consequence. Observers say that unless Congress moves past symbolic gestures and compels full cooperation from all involved, the Epstein probe risks joining a long list of high-profile investigations that end not in justice, but in frustration and doubt.to contact me:bobbycapucci@protonmail.comsource:Bill and Hillary Clinton delay depositions in House Oversight panel's Jeffrey Epstein probeBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-moscow-murders-and-more--5852883/support.

The decision to delay Bill and Hillary Clinton's depositions in the congressional probe into Jeffrey Epstein has reignited public skepticism over whether powerful political figures will ever face genuine accountability. Bill Clinton's long-documented ties to Epstein — including flights on the financier's private jet and appearances in visitor logs — have made him a central figure of interest in the investigation. Yet, despite repeated assurances of transparency, the Clintons remain insulated behind legal maneuvering and procedural delays. Critics argue that such postponements underscore how the justice system bends for the well-connected, turning what should be a fact-finding process into a slow-motion exercise in political optics.The congressional inquiry, billed as a serious attempt to unravel Epstein's political network, is increasingly viewed as a performance rather than a pursuit of truth. While survivors and the public wait for substantive action, the Clintons' ability to delay testimony reinforces a familiar pattern — one where power shields itself from consequence. Observers say that unless Congress moves past symbolic gestures and compels full cooperation from all involved, the Epstein probe risks joining a long list of high-profile investigations that end not in justice, but in frustration and doubt.to contact me:bobbycapucci@protonmail.comsource:Bill and Hillary Clinton delay depositions in House Oversight panel's Jeffrey Epstein probe

The decision to delay Bill and Hillary Clinton's depositions in the congressional probe into Jeffrey Epstein has reignited public skepticism over whether powerful political figures will ever face genuine accountability. Bill Clinton's long-documented ties to Epstein — including flights on the financier's private jet and appearances in visitor logs — have made him a central figure of interest in the investigation. Yet, despite repeated assurances of transparency, the Clintons remain insulated behind legal maneuvering and procedural delays. Critics argue that such postponements underscore how the justice system bends for the well-connected, turning what should be a fact-finding process into a slow-motion exercise in political optics.The congressional inquiry, billed as a serious attempt to unravel Epstein's political network, is increasingly viewed as a performance rather than a pursuit of truth. While survivors and the public wait for substantive action, the Clintons' ability to delay testimony reinforces a familiar pattern — one where power shields itself from consequence. Observers say that unless Congress moves past symbolic gestures and compels full cooperation from all involved, the Epstein probe risks joining a long list of high-profile investigations that end not in justice, but in frustration and doubt.to contact me:bobbycapucci@protonmail.comsource:Bill and Hillary Clinton delay depositions in House Oversight panel's Jeffrey Epstein probeBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-epstein-chronicles--5003294/support.

In comparing the Vanderbilt rape case to Ghislaine Maxwell's federal sex-trafficking trial, many legal analysts pointed out striking similarities regarding juror nondisclosure and its potential effect on verdicts. In the Vanderbilt case, involving former football players Brandon Vandenburg and Cory Batey, one juror's failure to reveal he had been sexually assaulted led to the conviction being overturned and a full retrial. Observers drew a direct line to Maxwell's case when a juror revealed post-trial that he, too, had been a victim of sexual abuse—information not disclosed during jury selection. Defense attorneys seized on the precedent, arguing that such a revelation could create bias and should trigger a new trial. Commentators cited the Vanderbilt retrial as an example of how juror honesty is foundational to due process, especially in emotionally charged sex-crime cases.Yet the two cases diverge sharply in scope and procedure. The Vanderbilt matter was tried under Tennessee state law, while Maxwell's case was a federal prosecution involving international sex-trafficking allegations and an entirely different standard for overturning verdicts. U.S. District Judge Alison Nathan rejected Maxwell's motion for a new trial, ruling that although the juror's omission was “regrettable,” it did not undermine the fairness of deliberations or the integrity of the verdict. The comparison nevertheless underscores a shared legal tension: how courts navigate juror bias in cases steeped in trauma and public scrutiny. While the Vanderbilt case serves as a cautionary tale, Maxwell's conviction held firm, showing how federal judges weigh such challenges through a stricter lens.Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-epstein-chronicles--5003294/support.

Ceasefire in GazaPresident Donald Trump announced a ceasefire between Israel and Hamas, marking the beginning of a multi-phase peace process. The first phase slated to begin Monday includes the release of 20 hostages, a halt to active fighting, and Israeli withdrawal from parts of Gaza. Hamas is expected to return the remains of deceased hostages as part of the deal.The agreement, brokered with the help of Qatar, Egypt, and Turkey, represents a shift in regional diplomacy. Qatar's role is especially significant, given its previous support for Hamas. Observers suggest that recent Israeli strikes in Doha (looking more and more like an approved strike by Qatar) indicate a broader effort to isolate Hamas.Key details of the peace plan, which aligns with a Trump proposal presented at the UN, include:1. Gaza will be a deradicalized terror-free zone that does not pose a threat to its neighbors.2. Gaza will be redeveloped for the benefit of the people of Gaza, who have suffered more than enough.3. If both sides agree to this proposal, the war will immediately end. Israeli forces will withdraw to the agreed upon line to prepare for a hostage release. During this time, all military operations, including aerial and artillery bombardment, will be suspended, and battle lines will remain frozen until conditions are met for the complete staged withdrawal.4. Within 72 hours of Israel publicly accepting this agreement, all hostages, alive and deceased, will be returned.5. Once all hostages are released, Israel will release 250 life sentence prisoners plus 1,700 Gazans who were detained after 7 October 2023, including all women and children detained in that context. For every Israeli hostage whose remains are released, Israel will release the remains of 15 deceased Gazans.6. Once all hostages are returned, Hamas members who commit to peaceful co-existence and to decommission their weapons will be given amnesty. Members of Hamas who wish to leave Gaza will be provided safe passage to receiving countries.7. Upon acceptance of this agreement, full aid will be immediately sent into the Gaza Strip. At a minimum, aid quantities will be consistent with what was included in the 19 January 2025 agreement regarding humanitarian aid, including rehabilitation of infrastructure (water, electricity, sewage), rehabilitation of hospitals and bakeries, and entry of necessary equipment to remove rubble and open roads.8. Entry of distribution and aid in the Gaza Strip will proceed without interference from the two parties through the United Nations and its agencies, and the Red Crescent, in addition to other international institutions not associated in any manner with either party. Opening the Rafah crossing in both directions will be subject to the same mechanism implemented under 19 January 2025 agreement.9. Gaza will be governed under the temporary transitional governance of a technocratic, apolitical Palestinian committee, responsible for delivering the day-to-day running of public services and municipalities for the people in Gaza. This committee will be made up of qualified Palestinians and international experts, with oversight and supervision by a new international transitional body, the “Board of Peace,” which will be headed and chaired by President Donald J. Trump, with other members and heads of state to be announced, including Former Prime Minister Tony Blair. This body will set the framework and handle the funding for the redevelopment of Gaza until such time as the Palestinian Authority has completed its reform programme, as outlined in various proposals, including President Trump's peace plan in 2020 and the Saudi-French proposal, and can securely and effectively take back control of Gaza. This body will call on best international standards to create modern and efficient governance that serves the people of Gaza and is conducive to attracting investment.10. A Trump economic development plan to rebuild and energize Gaza will be created by convening a panel of experts who have helped birth some of the thriving modern miracle cities in the Middle East. Many thoughtful investment proposals and exciting development ideas have been crafted by well-meaning international groups, and will be considered to synthesize the security and governance frameworks to attract and facilitate these investments that will create jobs, opportunity, and hope for future Gaza.11. A special economic zone will be established with preferred tariff and access rates to be negotiated with participating countries.12. No one will be forced to leave Gaza, and those who wish to leave will be free to do so and free to return. We will encourage people to stay and offer them the opportunity to build a better Gaza.13. Hamas and other factions agree to not have any role in the governance of Gaza, directly, indirectly, or in any form. All military, terror, and offensive infrastructure, including tunnels and weapon production facilities, will be destroyed and not rebuilt. There will be a process of demilitarisation of Gaza under the supervision of independent monitors, which will include placing weapons permanently beyond use through an agreed process of decommissioning, and supported by an internationally funded buy back and reintegration programme all verified by the independent monitors. New Gaza will be fully committed to building a prosperous economy and to peaceful coexistence with their neighbours.14. A guarantee will be provided by regional partners to ensure that Hamas, and the factions, comply with their obligations and that New Gaza poses no threat to its neighbors or its people.15. The United States will work with Arab and international partners to develop a temporary International Stabilization Force (ISF) to immediately deploy in Gaza. The ISF will train and provide support to vetted Palestinian police forces in Gaza, and will consult with Jordan and Egypt who have extensive experience in this field. This force will be the long-term internal security solution. The ISF will work with Israel and Egypt to help secure border areas, along with newly trained Palestinian police forces. It is critical to prevent munitions from entering Gaza and to facilitate the rapid and secure flow of goods to rebuild and revitalize Gaza. A deconfliction mechanism will be agreed upon by the parties.16. Israel will not occupy or annex Gaza. As the ISF establishes control and stability, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) will withdraw based on standards, milestones, and timeframes linked to demilitarization that will be agreed upon between the IDF, ISF, the guarantors, and the United States, with the objective of a secure Gaza that no longer poses a threat to Israel, Egypt, or its citizens. Practically, the IDF will progressively hand over the Gaza territory it occupies to the ISF according to an agreement they will make with the transitional authority until they are withdrawn completely from Gaza, save for a security perimeter presence that will remain until Gaza is properly secure from any resurgent terror threat.17. In the event Hamas delays or rejects this proposal, the above, including the scaled-up aid operation, will proceed in the terror-free areas handed over from the IDF to the ISF.18. An interfaith dialogue process will be established based on the values of tolerance and peaceful co-existence to try and change mindsets and narratives of Palestinians and Israelis by emphasizing the benefits that can be derived from peace.19. While Gaza re-development advances and when the PA reform program is faithfully carried out, the conditions may finally be in place for a credible pathway to Palestinian self-determination and statehood, which we recognize as the aspiration of the Palestinian people.20. The United States will establish a dialogue between Israel and the Palestinians to agree on a political horizon for peaceful and prosperous co-existence.—The long-term viability of the deal remains uncertain, but initial signs suggest a realignment of regional priorities. This deal has Trump's fingerprints all over it. As I am typing this I am speaking with friend of the program Wil Harris who is telling me that the UK press is presenting this as Biden's plan Trump is taking credit for. That's a bit rich, in my opinion. To paraphrase The Social Network:If Biden was the inventor of the Gaza Peace Plan, he would have implemented the Gaza Peace Plan. Katie Porter's Viral Meltdown Raises Political StakesCalifornia gubernatorial candidate Katie Porter is under fire following a viral interview where she appeared combative with a reporter. The incident was compounded by resurfaced footage of Porter harshly reprimanding a staffer during the COVID-19 lockdown.Porter's opponents, including Antonio Villaraigosa and Betty Yee, have seized on the moment to question her temperament and fitness for office. Strategists warn that although her base remains strong, such optics could threaten her standing as the Democratic frontrunner in a crowded 2026 race.Despite the controversy, many believe Porter's progressive bona fides will carry her through. The Democratic primary electorate, historically more tolerant of combative behavior if aligned with ideological purity, may ultimately overlook the episode.James Comey Arraigned in Politically Charged CaseFormer FBI Director James Comey pleaded not guilty this week to charges of lying to Congress and obstruction, charges filed by the Department of Justice under Trump's newly appointed U.S. Attorney, Lindsey Halligan. Comey's legal team is expected to challenge the basis of the prosecution, citing political retaliation.Legal experts widely anticipate the case may be dismissed before trial, but the optics alone are significant. The indictment illustrates the fraught landscape of prosecutorial partisanship in the post-Trump era, where legal actions against political adversaries risk becoming a norm rather than an exception.Chapters and Time Codes* Introduction & Return to Austin — 00:00:41* Gaza Ceasefire Overview — 00:05:10* Trump's Role and Regional Dynamics — 00:08:18* Implications for Hamas and Israel — 00:14:11* Katie Porter Controversy — 00:20:31* Political Impact of Porter's Behavior — 00:24:06* James Comey Indictment — 00:29:11* Wrap-up & Preview of Ken Vogel Interview — 00:32:23 This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.politicspoliticspolitics.com/subscribe

Sean Combs, also known as Puffy or P Diddy, has just been sentenced to four years and two months in federal prison after being found guilty on two counts of transportation for purposes of prostitution. This sentencing follows his acquittal on more serious racketeering and sex trafficking charges that had once threatened to send him to prison for life, as ABC News reports. The conviction is directly tied to incidents involving his former girlfriend Cassie Ventura and another woman, and the court made clear that while he escaped the most severe charges, the conduct and patterns described during the trial were taken seriously in determining his punishment.According to ABC News coverage, the courtroom was an emotional scene. Sean Combs, once a towering figure in music and business, appeared visibly shaken and tearful as he apologized to his family, particularly turning to his children and his mother. His children passionately pleaded with the judge for leniency, asking for their father's immediate release, but the judge, citing the gravity of Combs' actions and the enduring impact on the victims, rejected a request for time served and imposed the four-year sentence alongside a $500,000 fine, the maximum allowed. Sean Combs will receive credit for the year he has already spent in detention since he was denied bail earlier this year.NBC News notes that prosecutors stressed the need for accountability and deterrence, arguing that Combs had "engaged in violence and put others in fear" over a period of years. The trial and sentencing have also underscored the cultural impact of these revelations, with commentators noting that while Combs has reinvented himself many times in his career, this conviction and the disturbing video that surfaced of his assault on Cassie Ventura will likely forever alter his public legacy.The fallout for his business empire remains uncertain. Observers point out that while Combs' business acumen and contributions to music are undeniable, the stigma and legal consequences may result in former partners distancing themselves, and it is unclear whether his family or business associates can maintain his brand without him at the helm.Listeners, thank you for tuning in to this week's update on one of hip hop's most controversial figures. Be sure to come back next week for more of the latest headlines. This has been a Quiet Please production, and for more from me, check out Quiet Please Dot A I.Some great Deals https://amzn.to/49SJ3QsFor more check out http://www.quietplease.aiThis content was created in partnership and with the help of Artificial Intelligence AI

Episode 102025 In this episode of the Observers Notebook podcast, host Tim Robertson talks to the ALPO Comets Section Coordinator Carl Hergenrother. Carl comes on the podcast to discuss Comet Lemmon and Swan. You can contact Carl at: carlhergenrother@gmail.com ALPO Comets Section blog: http://www.alpo-astronomy.org/cometblog/ In the Sky- Guides to the night sky https://in-the-sky.org/ For more information you can visit the ALPO web site at: www.alpo-astronomy.org/ You can also support this podcast at Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ObserversNotebook Listen to the podcast on Soundcloud: https://soundcloud.com/observersnotebook Subscribe on our YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/c/AssociationofLunarandPlanetaryObservers Subscribe on iTunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/observers-notebook-the-alpo-podcast/id1199301885?mt=2 I want to thank the Producers of this podcast, Steve Siedentop and Michael Moyer for their generous support of the Observers Notebook. Our Patreons: Jerry White Jason Inman Bob Lunsford Steve Seidentop Stephen Bennett Michael Moyer Shawn Dilles Damian Allis Carl Hergenrother Michael McShan Michael Blake Nick Evetts Stan Sienkiewicz Carl Hergenrother Stan Sienkiewicz John Rogers Jim McCarthy Stanley McMahan

Episode 220 In this episode of the Observers Notebook podcast, host Tim Robertson talks to the Director of Astronomy Outreach for the International Astronomical Union, Kelly Blumenthal. You can contact Kelly at: blumenthal.kelly@oao.iau.org International Astronomical Union: https://www.iau.org/ https://iau.org/WG330/WG330/Home.aspx public@oao.iau.org iauoutreach.org For more information you can visit the ALPO web site at: www.alpo-astronomy.org/ You can also support this podcast at Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ObserversNotebook Listen to the podcast on Soundcloud: https://soundcloud.com/observersnotebook Subscribe on our YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/c/AssociationofLunarandPlanetaryObservers Subscribe on iTunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/observers-notebook-the-alpo-podcast/id1199301885?mt=2 I want to thank the Producers of this podcast, Steve Siedentop and Michael Moyer for their generous support of the Observers Notebook. Our Patreons: Jerry White Jason Inman Bob Lunsford Steve Seidentop Stephen Bennett Michael Moyer Shawn Dilles Damian Allis Carl Hergenrother Michael McShan Michael Blake Nick Evetts Stan Sienkiewicz Carl Hergenrother Stan Sienkiewicz John Rogers Jim McCarthy Stanley McMahan

We are joined by Jerame for this episode as we discuss one of the best, most pivotal episodes of Fringe! Join us as we talk about what we love about this episode (especially the fact that we finally, after 75 episodes, find out “who or what” the Observers are) but also a couple of things that have us feeling just a tad frustrated. The post S4E14 The End of All Things appeared first on Golden Spiral Media- Entertainment Podcasts, Technology Podcasts & More.

We are joined by Jerame for this episode as we discuss one of the best, most pivotal episodes of Fringe! Join us as we talk about what we love about this episode (especially the fact that we finally, after 75 episodes, find out “who or what” the Observers are) but also a couple of things that have us feeling just a tad frustrated. We also share some great feedback from listeners such as Geoff (xforce11), Eric (or Eric from Pennsylvania as you prefer), ShelkyBean, Patty from Canadia, Erin, and Anna (not Torv)! Next up is our discussion on “A Short Story About Love” when Eric from Pennsylvania will be joining us! We still have two season 4 episodes remaining as co-host opportunities (“Nothing as It Seems” and “Everything in Its Right Place”), so please be sure to click here if you would like to join us! Links Mentioned: The Fringe Podcast Episode 0431 - "The End of All Things" The Fringe Podcast Episode 0432 - Feedback for "The End of All Things" Stream Fringe 90s Dubstep by AwesomiZer Fringe Connections - "The End of All Things" Fringe Matters - "Fringe - 'The End of All Things' (4.14)" The Fringemunks - "Epis. 4.14: The End of All Things" Fringe Playlist by Chris   Connect with Us: Golden Spiral Media Community Portal Golden Spiral Media's Twitter Page The Fringe Podcast Rewatch's Instagram Page Listener Feedback Webpage Join Our Live Show! Season 4 Guest Host Sign Up

Last time we spoke about the battle of Nanjing. In December 1937, as the battle for Nanjing unfolded, terror inundated its residents, seeking safety amid the turmoil. General Tang Shengzhi rallied the Chinese forces, determined to defend against the advancing Japanese army. Fierce fighting erupted at the Gate of Enlightenment, where the determined Chinese soldiers resisted merciless assaults while tragedy loomed. By mid-December, the Japanese made substantial advances, employing relentless artillery fire to breach Nanjing's defenses. Leaders called for strategic retreats, yet amid chaos and despair, many young Chinese soldiers, driven by nationalism, continued to resist. By December 13, Nanjing succumbed to the invaders, marking a tragic chapter in history. As destruction enveloped the city, the resilience of its defenders became a poignant tale of courage amidst the horrors of war, forever marking Nanjing as a symbol of enduring hope in the face of despair.   #168 The Nanjing Massacre Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. So obvious disclaimer, today we will be talking about, arguably one of if not the most horrific war atrocities ever committed. To be blunt, it may have been worse than some of the things we talked about back during the fall of the Ming Dynasty, when bandit armies raped and pillaged cities. The Nanjing Massacre as its become known is well documented by both Chinese and foreign sources. There is an abundance of primary sources, many well verified. Its going to be extremely graphic, I am going to try and tell it to the fullest. So if you got a weak stomach perhaps sit this one out, you have been warned. Chen Yiding began evacuating his troops from the area surrounding the Gate of Enlightenment before dawn on December 13. En route to Xiaguan, he took the time to visit a dozen of his soldiers housed in a makeshift hospital located in an old cemetery. These men were too severely injured to participate in the evacuation, and Chen had to leave them with only a few words of encouragement. Little did he know, within days, they would all perish in their beds, victims of the Japanese forces. Upon arriving in Xiaguan later that morning, Chen was met with grim news: his divisional commander had crossed the Yangtze River with his chief of staff the previous afternoon. Now, he was on his own. He didn't linger near the riverside chaos, quickly realizing there was nothing he could do there. Instead, he chose to move downstream, hoping to find a secure spot for himself and his soldiers to wait out the next few days before devising an escape from the war zone.  He was fortunate, for soon the Japanese would live up to their notorious reputation developed during their advance from Shanghai; they were not inclined to take prisoners. That afternoon, several hundred Chinese soldiers arrived at the northern end of the Safety Zone. The committee responsible for the area stated that they could offer no assistance. In a misguided attempt to boost morale, they suggested that if the soldiers surrendered and promised not to engage in combat, the Japanese would likely show them "merciful treatment." This optimism was woefully misplaced. Later that same day, Japanese troops entered the zone, dragging out 200 Chinese men, the majority of them soldiers, for execution just outside the city. On December 13, Japanese soldiers started patrolling the riverbank, shooting at anything and anyone floating downstream. Their comrades aboard naval vessels in the river cheered them on, applauding each time they struck another helpless victim in the water. Civilians were not spared either. While traveling through downtown Nanjing as the battle concluded, Rabe observed dead men and women every 100 to 200 yards, most of them shot in the back. A long line of Chinese men marched down the street, numbering in the hundreds, all destined for death. In a cruel twist, they were compelled to carry a large Japanese flag. They were herded into a vacant lot by a couple of Japanese soldiers and as recalled by American correspondent Archibald Steele "There, they were brutally shot dead in small groups. One Japanese soldier stood over the growing pile of corpses, firing into any bodies that showed movement." The killings commenced almost immediately after the fall of Nanjing. The victorious Japanese spread out into the city streets, seeking victims. Those unfortunate enough to be captured faced instant execution or were taken to larger killing fields to meet a grim fate alongside other Chinese prisoners. Initially, the Japanese targeted former soldiers, whether real or imagined, but within hours, the scope of victims expanded to include individuals of all age groups and genders. By the end of the first day of occupation, civilian bodies littered the streets of downtown Nanjing at a rate of roughly one per block. The defenseless and innocent were subjected to murder, torture, and humiliation in a relentless spree of violence that persisted for six harrowing weeks. At the time of the attack, Nanjing felt eerily abandoned, houses stood boarded up, vehicles lay toppled in the streets, and the once-ubiquitous rickshaws had vanished. However, hundreds of thousands remained hidden indoors, seeking refuge. The most visible sign of the city's new rulers was the display of the Japanese flag. On the morning of December 14, the Rising Sun flag was hoisted across the city, seen in front of private homes, businesses, and public buildings. Many of these flags were hastily made, often a simple white sheet with a red rag affixed, hoping to be spared. As the days progressed, horrifying accounts of violence began to emerge. A barber, the sole survivor among eight people in his shop when the Japanese arrived, was admitted to a hospital with a stab wound that had nearly severed his head from his body, damaging all muscles at the back of his neck down to his spinal canal. A woman suffered a brutal throat wound, while another pregnant woman was bayoneted in the abdomen, resulting in the death of her unborn child. A man witnessed his wife being stabbed through the heart and then saw his child hurled from a window to the street several floors below. These are but a few stories of individual atrocities committed. Alongside this there were mass executions, predominantly targeting young able-bodied men, in an effort to weaken Nanjing and deprive it of any potential resistance in the future. American professor, Lewis Smythe recalled “The disarmed soldier problem was our most serious one for the first three days, but it was soon resolved, as the Japanese shot all of them.” On the evening of December 15, the Japanese rounded up 1,300 former soldiers from the Safety Zone, binding them in groups of about 100 and marching them away in silence. A group of foreigners, permitted to leave Nanjing on a Japanese gunboat, accidentally became witnesses to the ensuing slaughter. While waiting for their vessel, they took a brief walk along the riverbank and stumbled upon a scene of mass execution, observing the Japanese shooting the men one by one in the back of the neck. “We observed about 100 such executions until the Japanese officer in charge noticed us and ordered us to leave immediately”. Not all killings were premeditated; many occurred impulsively. A common example was when Japanese soldiers led lines of Chinese POWs to holding points, tightly bound together with ropes. Every few yards, a Japanese soldier would stand guard with a fixed bayonet aimed at the prisoners as they trudged forward. Suddenly, one of the prisoners slipped, causing a domino effect as he fell, dragging down the men in front of and behind him. The entire group soon found themselves collapsed on the ground, struggling to stand. The Japanese guards lost their patience, jabbing their bayonets into the writhing bodies until none remained alive. In one of the largest massacres, Japanese troops from the Yamada Detachment, including the 65th Infantry Regiment, systematically executed between 17,000 and 20,000 Chinese prisoners from December 15 to 17. These prisoners were taken to the banks of the Yangtze River near Mufushan, where they were machine-gunned to death. The bodies were then disposed of by either burning or flushing them downstream. Recent research by Ono Kenji has revealed that these mass killings were premeditated and carried out systematically, in accordance with orders issued directly by Prince Asaka. A soldier from the IJA's 13th Division described killing wounded survivors of the Mufushan massacre in his diary “I figured that I'd never get another chance like this, so I stabbed thirty of the damned Chinks. Climbing atop the mountain of corpses, I felt like a real devil-slayer, stabbing again and again, with all my might. 'Ugh, ugh,' the Chinks groaned. There were old folks as well as kids, but we killed them lock, stock, and barrel. I also borrowed a buddy's sword and tried to decapitate some. I've never experienced anything so unusual”. Frequently, the Japanese just left their victims wherever they fell. Corpses began to accumulate in the streets, exposed to the elements and onlookers. Cars constantly were forced to run over corpses. Corpses were scavenged by stray dogs, which, in turn, were consumed by starving people. The water became toxic; workers in the Safety Zone discovered ponds clogged with human remains. In other instances, the Japanese gathered their machine-gunned or bayoneted victims into large heaps, doused them in kerosene, and set them ablaze. Archibald Steele wrote for the Chicago Daily News on December 17th “I saw a grisly scene at the north gate, where what was once a group of 200 men had become a smoldering mass of flesh and bones, so severely burned around the neck and head that it was difficult to believe he was still human.” During the chaos in the beginning, whereupon the Japanese had not yet fully conquered the city, its defenders scrambled desperately to escape before it was too late. Individually or in small groups, they sought vulnerabilities in the enemy lines, acutely aware that their survival hinged on their success. Months of conflict had trained them to expect no mercy if captured; previous experiences had instilled in them the belief that a swift death at the hands of the Japanese would be a fortunate outcome. On December 12, amid intense artillery fire and aerial bombardment, General Tang Sheng-chi issued the order for his troops to retreat. However, conflicting directives and a breakdown in discipline transformed the ensuing events into a disaster. While some Chinese units successfully crossed the river, a far greater number were ensnared in the widespread chaos that engulfed the city. In their desperation to evade capture, some Chinese soldiers resorted to stripping civilians of their clothing to disguise themselves, while many others were shot by their own supervisory units as they attempted to flee.Hundreds, perhaps thousands, of individual escape stories emerged from this period. In some rare instances, entire units, even up to divisional strength, successfully infiltrated Japanese lines to reach safety. For others, such as the 156th Division, there were detailed plans outlining escape routes from Nanjing. Several soldiers and officers adhered to this three-day trek, skillfully evading Japanese patrols until they reached Ningguo, located south of the capital. Nonetheless, these cases were exceptions. The vast majority of soldiers from China's defeated army faced significant risk and were more likely to be captured than to escape. Some of Chiang Kai-shek's most elite units suffered near total annihilation. Only about a thousand soldiers from the 88th Division managed to cross the Yangtze safely, as did another thousand from the Training Division, while a mere 300 from the 87th Division survived. Even for units like the 156th Division, the escape plans were only effective for those who learned of them. These plans were hurriedly disseminated through the ranks as defeat loomed, leaving mere chance to determine who received the information. Many stayed trapped in Nanjing, which had become a fatal snare. One day, Japanese soldiers visited schools within Nanjing's Safety Zone, aware that these locations sheltered many refugees. They called for all former soldiers to step forward, promising safety in exchange for labor. Many believed that the long days of hiding were finally coming to an end and complied with the request. However, they were led to an abandoned house, where they were stripped naked and bound together in groups of five. Outside, a large bonfire had been ignited. They were then bayoneted and, while still alive, thrown onto the flames. Only a few managed to escape and share the horrifying tale. The Japanese were of course well aware that numerous soldiers were hiding in Nanjing, disguised as locals, evidenced by the piles of military uniforms and equipment accumulating in the streets. Consequently, they initiated a systematic search for soldiers within hours of taking control. The Safety Zone was not spared, as the Japanese Army suspected that Chinese soldiers had sought refuge there. On December 16, they raided Ginling College, despite a policy prohibiting the admission of men, except for elderly residents in a designated dining room. The soldiers brought axes to force open doors that were not immediately complied with and positioned six machine guns on the campus, prepared to fire at anyone attempting to escape. Ultimately, they found nothing. In cases where they did encounter young men of military age, the soldiers lined them up, scrutinizing for distinct telltale features such as close-cropped hair, helmet marks, or shoulder blisters from carrying a rifle. Many men, who had never served in the military but bore callouses from hard manual labor, were captured based on the assumption that such marks indicated military experience. As noted by Goerge Fitch the head of Nanjing's YMCA “Rickshaw coolies, carpenters, and other laborers are frequently taken”. The Japanese employed additional, more cunning tactics to root out soldiers. During an inspection of a camp within the Safety Zone, they struggled to get the approximately 6,000 men and women to surrender. Before leaving, they resorted to one last trick. “Attention!” a voice commanded in flawless Chinese. Many young men, conditioned by months or years of military training, instinctively responded. Even though most realized their mistake almost immediately, it was too late; the Japanese herded them away. Given the scale of the slaughter, efforts were soon organized to facilitate the killing and disposal of as many individuals as possible in the shortest time. Rows of prisoners were mowed down by machine-gun fire, while those injured were finished off with single bullets or bayonets. Much of the mass murder occurred near the Yangtze River, where victims could be disposed of easily by being pushed into the water, hoping the current would carry them away.As the weeks progressed and the Japanese grew increasingly concerned about the possibility of former soldiers still at large, the dragnet tightened. Beginning in late December, Japanese authorities implemented a registration system for all residents of Nanjing. At Ginling College, this process lasted about a week and resulted in scenes of almost indescribable chaos, as the Japanese also decided to register residents from the surrounding areas on campus. First, the men were registered, followed by the women. Often, women attended the registration to help save their husbands and sons, who would otherwise have been taken as suspected former soldiers. Despite these efforts, a total of 28 men were ultimately seized during the registration process at Ginling College. Each individual who registered received a document from the authorities. However, it soon became clear that this paper provided little protection against the caprices of the Japanese military. That winter in Nanjing, everyone was a potential victim. While systematic mass killings primarily targeted young men of military age, every category of people faced death in the days and weeks following the Japanese conquest of Nanjing. Reports indicated that fifty police officers from the Safety Zone were executed for permitting Chinese soldiers to enter the area. The city's firefighters were taken away to meet an uncertain fate, and six street sweepers were killed inside their dwelling. Like an uncontrollable epidemic, the victors' bloodlust seemed to escalate continuously, seeking out new victims. When the Japanese ordered the Safety Zone committee to supply workers for the electricity plant in Xiaguan to restore its operations, they provided 54 individuals. Within days, 43 of them were dead. Although young men were especially targeted, the Japanese made no distinctions based on age or sex. American missionary John G. Magee documented numerous instances of indiscriminate killings, including the chilling account of two families nearly exterminated. Stabbings, shootings, and rapes marked the slaughter of three generations of innocents, including toddlers aged four and two; the older child was bayoneted, while the younger was struck in the head with a sword. The only survivors were a badly injured eight-year-old girl and her four-year-old sister, who spent the following fortnight beside their mother's decaying body. The violence was often accompanied by various forms of humiliation, as if to utterly break the spirit of the conquered people. One woman lost her parents and three children. When she purchased a coffin for her father, a Japanese soldier tore the lid off and discarded the old man's body in the street. Another soldier, in a drunken stupor, raped a Chinese woman and then vomited on her. In yet another incident, a soldier encountered a family of six huddled over a pot of thin rice soup; he stepped over them and urinated into their pot before continuing on his way, laughing heartlessly. The atrocities committed at Nanjing were not akin to something like the Holocaust. Within places like Auschwitz killings became industrialized and often took on an impersonal, unemotional character. The murders in Nanjing had an almost intimate quality, with each individual perpetrator bearing the blood of their victims on their hands, sometimes literally. In this sense, the Nanjing atrocities resemble the early Holocaust killings executed by German Einsatzgruppen in Eastern Europe, prior to the implementation of gas chambers. How many died during the Nanjing Massacre? Eyewitnesses at the time recognized that the Japanese behavior had few immediate precedents. Missionary John Magee compared the situation to the Turkish genocide of the Armenians during World War I, which was still fresh in memory. Despite this, no consensus emerged regarding the exact number of fatalities, a state of affairs that would persist for nearly eight decades. In his first comprehensive account of the atrocities following the conquest of the capital, New York Times correspondent Tillman Durdin reported that 33,000 Chinese soldiers lost their lives in Nanjing, including 20,000 who were executed. Foreign correspondent Frank Oliver claimed in a 1939 publication that 24,000 men, women, and children were put to death during the first month of the city's occupation. As time progressed, much larger figures began to circulate. After returning to Germany in 1938, John Rabe held a lecture where he cited European estimates that between 50,000 and 60,000 people had died. In February 1942, Chiang Kai-shek stated that 200,000 were slaughtered within one week. The Nanjing tribunal established by Chiang's government to try Japanese war criminals in 1946 and 1947 reported that more than 300,000 lives had been lost following the city's fall. The highest estimate recorded comes from a Chinese military expert, who put the death toll at 430,000. Currently, the figure most commonly accepted in official Chinese media is 300,000, a number also cited by various authors sympathetic to China's contemporary regime. The debate over the Nanjing death toll has been a complex and extensive discussion, likely to remain unresolved to everyone's satisfaction. As missionary and Nanjing University teacher Miner Searle Bates remarked when he testified before the International Military Tribunal for the Far East in July 1946, “The scope of this killing was so extensive that no one can provide a complete picture of it.” On December 16, American missionary Minnie Vautrin witnessed a truck passing by Ginling College, loaded with eight to ten girls. When they saw the Western woman, they cried out, "Jiu ming! Jiu ming!" which means “Help! Help!” Vautrin felt powerless, fully aware of the fate that awaited them. As early as Tuesday of that week, she had documented rumors of girls being raped. The following night, women were taken in large numbers from their homes. Another missionary, John Magee wrote to his wife “The most horrible thing now is the raping of the women, which has been going on in the most shameless way I have ever known”. A tentative list compiled by Lewis Smythe detailed instances of rape occurring soon after the Japanese Army entered Nanjing: four girls at noon on December 14; four more women that evening; three female refugees on December 15; and a young wife around the same time. The accounts revealed chilling individual horrors. A 15-year-old girl was taken to a barracks housing 200 to 300 Japanese soldiers and locked in a room, where she was raped multiple times daily. Victims ranged from as young as 11 to over 80. American correspondent Edgar Snow recalled “Discards were often bayoneted by drunken soldiers,. Frequently, mothers had to witness their babies being beheaded, only to then be raped themselves.” Y.M.C.A. head George Fitch reported the case of a woman whose five-month-old infant was deliberately smothered by a soldier to silence its cries while he raped her. Such acts were a gruesome form of humiliation, designed to demonstrate that the vanquished were powerless to protect their own families. Japanese soldier Takokoro Kozo recalled “Women suffered most. No matter how young or old, they all could not escape the fate of being raped. We sent out coal trucks to the city streets and villages to seize a lot of women. And then each of them was allocated to fifteen to twenty soldiers for sexual intercourse and abuse. After raping we would also kill them”. Women were frequently killed immediately after being raped, often through horrific mutilations, such as being penetrated with bayonets, long bamboo sticks, or other objects. For instance, one six-months-pregnant woman was stabbed sixteen times in the face and body, with one stab penetrating her abdomen and killing her unborn child. In another case, a young woman had a beer bottle forcibly inserted into her vagina after being raped, and was subsequently shot.  On December 19, 1937, the Reverend James M. McCallum wrote in his diary “I know not where to end. Never I have heard or read such brutality. Rape! Rape! Rape! We estimate at least 1,000 cases a night and many by day. In case of resistance or anything that seems like disapproval, there is a bayonet stab or a bullet... People are hysterical... Women are being carried off every morning, afternoon and evening. The whole Japanese army seems to be free to go and come as it pleases, and to do whatever it pleases”.  Rabe wrote in his diary dated December 17 “wo Japanese soldiers have climbed over the garden wall and are about to break into our house. When I appear they give the excuse that they saw two Chinese soldiers climb over the wall. When I show them my party badge, they return the same way. In one of the houses in the narrow street behind my garden wall, a woman was raped, and then wounded in the neck with a bayonet. I managed to get an ambulance so we can take her to Kulou Hospital... Last night up to 1,000 women and girls are said to have been raped, about 100 girls at Ginling College...alone. You hear nothing but rape. If husbands or brothers intervene, they're shot. What you hear and see on all sides is the brutality and bestiality of the Japanese soldiers”. In a documentary film about the Nanjing Massacre, In the Name of the Emperor, a former Japanese soldier named Shiro Azuma spoke candidly about the process of rape and murder in Nanjing. “At first we used some kinky words like Pikankan. Pi means "hip", kankan means "look". Pikankan means, "Let's see a woman open up her legs." Chinese women didn't wear under-pants. Instead, they wore trousers tied with a string. There was no belt. As we pulled the string, the buttocks were exposed. We "pikankan". We looked. After a while we would say something like, "It's my day to take a bath," and we took turns raping them. It would be all right if we only raped them. I shouldn't say all right. But we always stabbed and killed them. Because dead bodies don't talk”. Without anyone to defend them, the women of Nanjing resorted to desperate measures for their safety. The young and attractive cut their hair and smeared soot on their faces to diminish their allure. Others donned boys' clothes or the garments of elderly women. However, the Japanese were well aware of these tactics and were not easily deceived. As American correspondent Snow described, it was an orgy of unprecedented debauchery, involving not only the lower ranks of the Japanese military but also officers who turned their quarters into harems, bedding a new captive each night. Open-air sexual assaults were common. During the first ten days of occupation, groups of Japanese soldiers entered the Ginling campus ten to twenty times daily, brandishing fixed bayonets stained with fresh blood. So overwhelmed, Vautrin decided to prioritize saving lives over salvaging possessions, spending those early days frantically moving across campus to prevent marauding soldiers from taking away women. A particularly tense situation unfolded on the evening of December 17, when Vautrin and other staff members at Ginling College were called to the front of the campus to confront a group of Japanese soldiers. Earlier, Vautrin had received documentation from another officer affirming that the area was a legitimate refugee camp. The soldiers torn up the document in front of her. For hours, with armed Japanese soldiers encircling them, Vautrin and her colleagues were left standing or kneeling, uncertain of what awaited them. Gradually, it became clear that they had been lured to the front gate so that other soldiers could enter through a side entrance and abduct twelve women. As Vautrin recalled “Never shall I forget the scene. The dried leaves rattling, the moaning of the wind, the cries of women being led away.” The staff remained at the entrance until 11:00 pm, fearing that hiding soldiers might fire on them if they moved. This was the only time that Vautrin was unable to prevent rape, a failure that would haunt her for the rest of her life. Some Japanese soldiers, seeking young girls, ordered a middle-aged Chinese woman to assist them in finding targets. When she either could not or would not comply, they shot a rifle across her abdomen, narrowly missing and taking away “three handbreadths of flesh.” When the Japanese Army entered Nanjing, little damage had been inflicted on the buildings, as noted by U.S. missionary James McCallum at the end of December. On the first day of their occupation, Japanese soldiers immediately dispersed into Nanjing in small groups, breaking shop windows and looting the goods within. They carried away their spoils in crates and stolen rickshaws. Initially, the looting was partly a makeshift response to the poor logistics of the Japanese Army. Combat soldiers had arrived well ahead of their supply lines and faced severe food shortages until the roads reopened and the Yangtze River became navigable.  Every building in Nanjing was looted and turned upside down. Everything not nailed down was stolen: doors and window frames were removed, safes opened with rifle shots or grenades. Japanese soldiers often pillaged property while the owners were present, threatening them with bayonets. Abandoned cars littered the streets, typically overturned and stripped of useful items, including batteries. Like Russian soldiers in Berlin seven and a half years later, the rank-and-file soldiers displayed a particular interest in watches. As the scale of plunder grew, transportation became scarce. By the end of December, looting was being conducted using trucks. When vehicles were unavailable, Japanese soldiers resorted to wheelbarrows and even children's prams. Mules, donkeys, and people were also commandeered. Just as during their advance from Shanghai to Nanjing, the Chinese were forced to assist in looting their own homes. A common sight was a Japanese soldier leading a group of Chinese down the street, laden with stolen goods. While Chinese soldiers had also engaged in some looting during their evacuation of Nanjing, it was nothing compared to the scale of the Japanese victors' plunder. The Chinese forces had deliberately avoided breaking into foreign buildings, a distinction that the Japanese disregarded. The American, British, and German embassies, along with the ambassadors' residences, were ransacked, stripped of everything from bedding and money to watches, rugs, and artwork. The American School was looted, and its wall breached to remove the piano. As the Japanese stripped the city, they also began to burn it. While the winter sky could have been sparkling, it was instead filled with smoke from thousands of fires across the city. Some fires resulted from carelessness, such as when soldiers cooked meat from a stolen cow over a bonfire, accidentally igniting an ancient building. Others were acts of mindless vandalism. The Nanking Music Shop saw all its instruments and sheets piled in the street and set ablaze. The extent of the massacre can, to some degree, be linked to a breakdown in discipline among Japanese soldiers. Released from weeks or months of hardship on the battlefield, many soldiers experienced an intoxicating sense of freedom, resembling misbehaving boys. The deterioration of order among Japanese soldiers astonished those familiar with the stories of the stringent discipline within Japan's armed forces. Observers commented on soldiers laughing at proclamations from their own officers or tearing up orders and tossing them to the ground. Some foreign witnesses speculated that this lack of discipline was exacerbated by the absence of visible individual numbers on soldiers, making it challenging to identify wrongdoers. The issue also stemmed from the quality of the Japanese officer corps and their ability to manage a large army of young men, many of whom were experiencing freedom from societal constraints for the first time. Not all officers rose to the occasion; Vautrin witnessed an officer almost fail to prevent a soldier from raping a girl. Even worse, some officers transitioned from passive bystanders, guilty by inaction, to active participants in prolonged rape sessions. While a few attempted to instill discipline among their troops, their efforts often fell short. A Japanese colonel, for instance, slapped a soldier attempting to rape a Chinese woman. Another general was seen striking a private who had bayoneted a Chinese man and threatened two Germans, raising questions about how much of this discipline was merely performative for the benefit of foreign observers. Ultimately, disciplinary measures had little impact. As Rabe noted in his diary dated December 18th “The soldiers have almost no regard for their officers”. The absence of effective higher leadership during this critical period likely exacerbated the problem. General Matsui had been suffering from malaria since November 3, which left him largely incapacitated from December 5 to 15. A subordinate later testified that he had been informed of "incidents of stealing, killing, assault, and rape and had become quite enraged.” Although Matsui may have been displeased by the unruly behavior of his soldiers, it is conceivable that his inaction led to even greater levels of atrocity than might have occurred otherwise. He insisted on holding a victory parade on December 17, immediately after recovering from his illness, which likely triggered a security frenzy among Japanese officers concerned about the safety of Prince Asaka, uncle to Emperor Hirohito. This reaction likely prompted a surge in searches for, and executions of, suspected former Chinese soldiers. The Japanese high command in Tokyo was also aware of the unraveling discipline. On January 4, 1938, Army Headquarters sent Matsui an unusually direct message ordering him to restore control among his troops: Our old friend Ishiwara Kanji bitterly criticized the situation and placed the blame on Matsui “We earnestly request enhancement of military discipline and public morals. The morale of the Japanese had never been at a lower level.” A detachment of military police eventually arrived in Nanjing, leading to some improvements, though their presence was mixed. Some officers stationed outside the Safety Zone ignored atrocities occurring before them and, in some cases, participated directly. At Ginling College, the experience with military police was decidedly uneven. The first group of about 25 men tasked with guarding the college ended up committing rape themselves.  Despite frequent visits from Japanese soldiers in search of loot and victims to assault, the Safety Zone was perceived as successful. Many believed that both the zone and the work of its managing committee were responsible for saving countless lives. W. Plumer Mills, vice chairman of the committee, noted that the zone “did give some protection during the fighting…but the chief usefulness of the Zone has been the measure of protection it has afforded to the people since the occupation.” Shortly after the Japanese conquest, the population of the Safety Zone swelled to a quarter million people. Around 70,000 of these were organized into 25 pre-arranged camps, while the majority sought accommodation wherever possible. Makeshift “mat-shed villages” sprang up in vacant areas throughout the zone. Nanjing quickly became informally divided into two distinct cities. Outside the Safety Zone, the atmosphere was ghostly, with a population dwindling to around 10,000, while within the zone, bustling activity thrived. Shanghai Road, which ran through the center of the zone and had once been a wide boulevard, transformed into a hub of barter and trade, resembling a festive market during Chinese New Year, overflowing with makeshift stalls, tea shops, and restaurants, making it nearly impossible to traverse by vehicle. The Japanese held a degree of respect for Westerners, although this sentiment was not universal and did not always offer protection. Many foreigners tried to safeguard their homes by displaying their national flags outside, but they often found that Japanese soldiers would break in regardless. To protect Ginling College, American flags were displayed at eight locations around the compound, and a large 30-foot American flag was spread out in the center. However, this proved to be “of absolutely no use” in preventing Japanese soldiers from entering the area. Despite this, there was some limited outright hostility towards Americans. Stronger negative sentiments were directed towards the Russians and the British, who were viewed as representatives of nations with competing interests against the Japanese Empire. The Japanese displayed particular reverence for one nationality, the Germans. Rabe would shout “Deutsch” or “Hitler” to command respect from unruly Japanese soldiers or show them his swastika armband, indicating his allegiance to the Nazi Party. Germany was seen as a rising power and rapidly becoming one of Japan's closest allies, a fellow outcast in global politics. However, as time passed, the limits of this respect became evident; individual soldiers began searching for women within the German embassy compound, and eventually, nearly all German buildings were broken into. Despite all the challenges, there was no doubting that foreigners offered a form of protection unavailable elsewhere. Within days of the Japanese conquest, women and children began appearing in large numbers outside Rabe's home, kneeling and knocking their heads on the ground as they begged to be let into his already overcrowded garden.  At 1:00 pm on January 1, the Chinese were proclaimed rulers of their own city, or at least this is what Japanese propaganda sought to convey. On the first day of the new year, a puppet government was established in a ceremony held just north of the Safety Zone. A new five-bar flag, the one associated with the early Chinese republic was raised, signaling a patriotic spirit in a gesture that felt unconvincing. As the new leaders took office, vowing to resurrect their city, buildings burned all around them. The ceremony marked the culmination of two weeks of preparatory work. As early as December 15, General Matsui met with a local Chinese leader, referred to in the Japanese commander's diary only as Chen, who had been selected to assist in forming this new puppet government. Chen had been present in the northern port city of Tianjin two years earlier when Matsui helped establish the Chinese chapter of the Greater Asia Association. He subscribed to Matsui's concepts of “Asia for Asians,” but cautioned that Chinese fears of the Japanese would complicate the governance of the conquered territories.   The new government aligned with the Japanese army to implement a system of indoctrination centered on conservatism, primarily targeting the youth, who were perceived as most likely to resist. The indoctrination included messages like, “You must follow the old custom in marriage, letting your parents make arrangements for you. You must not go to theaters or study English, etc. China and Japan must become one, and then the nation will be strong.” Few were deceived by these attempts to win hearts and minds. The government-sanctioned newspaper, the Xinshengbao, or New Life Journal, was immediately dismissed as a crude vehicle for propaganda. Additionally, the government made minimal progress in more urgent tasks, such as restoring peacetime conditions and revitalizing Nanjing's economy, a challenge made formidable by Japanese brutality. Given the fate of the first group of volunteers at the electricity plant after the conquest, no one could be found to fill the needed 40 to 45 worker slots. The same was true for firefighters. The predictable outcomes followed. Water and limited power were restored to parts of the city by January 2, but within two days, the city was plunged back into darkness. By January 13, the waterworks were still non-operational, and the power supply remained intermittent while fires continued to blaze well into January. The government was not taken seriously, struggling even with the Japanese. It quickly built a reputation for being venal and corrupt. One of its names was the Nanjing Autonomous Government, which a clever member of the foreign community humorously rebranded as the “Automatic Government,” reflecting its actual role as a puppet regime devoid of autonomy.  While Nanjing endured its own nightmarish reality, the city's inhabitants had little understanding of the events transpiring beyond its walls. The first radio news that reached foreign residents came on January 7, reporting Japanese air raids on Wuhan. There were also unconfirmed rumors suggesting that Hangzhou was experiencing similar horrors to those in Nanjing, but details were scarce. It was perhaps expected that reports from afar would be limited in wartime, yet information about situations closer to Nanjing was similarly scarce, and the horrific truth gradually dawned on the city's populace. A Westerner who managed to escape east from Nanjing in early January reported that all villages within a 20-mile radius had been burned to the ground. Outside the city, Japanese soldiers were randomly shooting civilians, including children. A German who drove an hour from Nanjing encountered no living souls. After the conquest, Chinese who managed to leave Nanjing reported that every pond between the city and Juyong was filled with the decaying corpses of people and animals. Many of the atrocities committed during this time appeared to stem from boredom and a search for cheap thrills. American missionary Magee witnessed a young farmer who had sustained severe burns on his upper body. After the soldiers demanded money from him and he failed to comply, they doused him in kerosene and set him ablaze. Similarly, a young boy suffered horrific burns after he failed to lead a group of soldiers to his “mama.” People in the rural areas surrounding Nanjing faced danger from numerous directions. Not only were they potential targets for marauding Japanese soldiers, but they were also at risk from bands of Chinese outlaws, who preyed on the large influx of refugees on the roads and the few souls who remained at home despite the fierce conflict raging nearby. Magee encountered a 49-year-old woman whose home was invaded by bandits looking for money. “When she and her husband said they had none they battered her head and breast with a stool and burned her feet until she revealed their savings of between four and five dollars.” In the absence of a formal government, informal authority was often wielded by secret societies. For instance, the “Big Sword Society” reportedly offered protection not only against Japanese soldiers and local bandits but also against small groups of Chinese troops seeking to escape back to their lines and resorting to theft for survival. What a blast from the past eh?   Rumors began to circulate in early January 1938 that the Chinese Army was preparing to retake Nanjing and that Chiang Kai-shek's soldiers had already been spotted inside the city walls. Many of the small makeshift Japanese flags that had appeared outside private homes in mid-December suddenly vanished, and some Chinese residents who had been wearing Japanese armbands hastily removed them. There was even talk of launching an attack on the Japanese embassy. Word spread that the Japanese were becoming frightened and were searching for Chinese clothing to disguise themselves as civilians in the event of a retreat. In reality, none of this was true. The Chinese Army was still reorganizing after the costly campaign that had forced it from Shanghai to Nanjing and then further into the interior. However, this did not imply that the Japanese had achieved complete control over the city. After six weeks of terror, Nanjing began to reassert itself. Japanese soldiers faced fatalities and injuries in skirmishes with members of secret organizations like the “Yellow Spears” and the “Big Sword Society.”  After the New Year, the population within the Safety Zone began to dwindle. A week into 1938, the number of refugees at Ginling College, which had peaked at more than 10,000, fell to around 5,000. Less than a month after the conquest, many former residents started returning to their homes during the day and then coming back to the college at night. Still, the city was far from safe, and even for those whose homes were located within the Safety Zone, Vautrin believed it was unwise to stray too far from her refugee camp. One month after Japanese forces had surged through its gates, Nanjing was a thoroughly devastated city, with fires still being set every day and night. By mid-January, estimates suggested that more than half the city had been burned down, with the main shopping district completely gone, as well as the entertainment area surrounding the Confucius Temple. Nevertheless, slowly but surely, the shell-shocked city began to pull itself together and started the long process of renewal. Vautrin considered opening an industrial school offering four-month courses for women to help compensate for the loss of labor resulting from the indiscriminate killing of men. Chinese New Year fell on January 31, 1938. Celebrated throughout Asia, it was also recognized by the Japanese. It was a “dismal, muddy” day, and as many feared, soldiers who appeared “too happy” from excessive drinking attempted to enter the Safety Zone in search of women but were stopped. The sound of thousands of firecrackers filled the air, fulfilling the age-old purpose of scaring away evil spirits. Refugees in Rabe's compound presented him with a large red silk banner adorned with a gold Chinese inscription. His Chinese friends translated the message for him “You are the living Buddha For a hundred thousand people”. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. In December 1937, the battle for Nanjing left its residents in terror as the Japanese army advanced. Following the invasion, a horrific massacre began, with thousands targeted in brutal killings, torture, and humiliation. Civilians and soldiers alike were indiscriminately slain, and the Japanese military showed no mercy. To this day the Nanjing Massacre stands as a testament to the unbelievable evil man holds within him.

Prince William lightened the mood at Trump's Windsor arrival with the quip, “This is my dad,” before a lavish state banquet filled with s'more-inspired cocktails, tiaras, and a 52-yard table. Trump sat between Charles and Kate, praising her beauty multiple times in remarks that left royal watchers cringing, while body language experts noted he looked oddly subservient beside the Princess of Wales. Observers spotted makeup covering bruises on his hand, prompting questions after the Royal Family posted an unedited photo. Princess Anne was absent from the Trump pageantry—naturally, she was busy working in Scotland. And one columnist summed it up: Trump desperately wants to be British, but only Melania might actually pass the test.

Bill Horan and Stacy Raine learn about the Amateur Observers Society of New York, where astronomy enthusiasts of all ages get to meet together to bring Long Island astronomy to the public and provide astronomy resources to members, with a goal to educate and inspire the public.  They speak with Jason Cousins, the President of the Amateur Observers Society of New York.

Episode 219 In this episode of the Observers Notebook podcast, host Tim Robertson talks to Bob Lunsford about his process for observing and photographing the recent transits of Saturn's moon Titan. Titan's Orbit and Motion: • Orbital period around Saturn: ~15.945 Earth days • Average distance from Saturn: ~1.22 million km • Orbital inclination: ~0.3° relative to Saturn's equator (small, so Titan's path is nearly aligned with Saturn's rings). • Apparent size: ~0.8 arcseconds (tiny, only detectable as a “point” in most telescopes). • Shadow transits are possible only when Saturn's rings are edge-on (every ~15 years). • September 20, 2025 — Start around 5:09 AM UTC (≈10:09 PM PDT); ends ~7:34 AM UTC (~12:34 AM PDT); Titan may also be visible near its shadow. • After October 5–6, 2025, this spectacular phenomenon won't happen again until 2038–2039. You can contact Bob at: lunro.imo.usa@cox.net Stellarium https://stellarium.org/ For more information you can visit the ALPO web site at: www.alpo-astronomy.org/ You can also support this podcast at Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ObserversNotebook Listen to the podcast on Soundcloud: https://soundcloud.com/observersnotebook Subscribe on our YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/c/AssociationofLunarandPlanetaryObservers Subscribe on iTunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/observers-notebook-the-alpo-podcast/id1199301885?mt=2 I want to thank the Producers of this podcast, Steve Siedentop and Michael Moyer for their generous support of the Observers Notebook. Our Patreons: Jerry White Jason Inman Bob Lunsford Steve Seidentop Stephen Bennett Michael Moyer Shawn Dilles Damian Allis Carl Hergenrother Michael McShan Michael Blake Nick Evetts Stan Sienkiewicz Carl Hergenrother Stan Sienkiewicz John Rogers Jim McCarthy Stanley McMahan

During the Vietnam War, all too often the chaos of battle found Allied forces trapped and facing annihilation. The situation called for courageous men to carry out some of the deadliest missions in the history of warfare. Forward Observers, often alone, moved behind enemy lines to serve as the eyes of the artillery gunner in delivering rounds on vital targets. In this episode, Medal of Honor recipients Barney Barnum and Brian Thacker tell their dramatic stories, In Their Own Words. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Vladimir Putin and North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, who made a rare foreign trip to attend, flanked President Xi as they ascended to the viewing platform overlooking Tiananmen Square and watched the display of military hardware and marching troops. Observers say the joint appearance was a show of unity against the United States. Join this channel for exclusive access and bonus content: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCkbwLFZhawBqK2b9gW08z3g/join Five Minute News is an Evergreen Podcast, covering politics, inequality, health and climate - delivering independent, unbiased and essential news for the US and across the world. Visit us online at http://www.fiveminute.news Follow us on Bluesky https://bsky.app/profile/fiveminutenews.bsky.social Follow us on Instagram http://instagram.com/fiveminnews Support us on Patreon http://www.patreon.com/fiveminutenews You can subscribe to Five Minute News with your preferred podcast app, ask your smart speaker, or enable Five Minute News as your Amazon Alexa Flash Briefing skill. Please subscribe HERE https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCkbwLFZhawBqK2b9gW08z3g?sub_confirmation=1 CONTENT DISCLAIMER The views and opinions expressed on this channel are those of the guests and authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of Anthony Davis or Five Minute News LLC. Any content provided by our hosts, guests or authors are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything, in line with the First Amendment right to free and protected speech. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

This Day in Legal History: Frederick Douglass Escapes SlaveryOn this day in legal history, September 3, 1838, Frederick Douglass escaped from slavery, setting in motion a life that would fundamentally reshape American legal and political thought. Disguised as a free Black sailor, Douglass boarded a train in Baltimore and made his way north to freedom, ultimately arriving in New York City. His flight from bondage was not just a personal liberation—it was a direct challenge to the legal regime of American slavery, upheld at the time by both state laws and federal statutes such as the Fugitive Slave Act of 1793. Douglass's successful escape, aided by forged documents and the relative leniency of northern vigilance at the time, highlights the tension between laws protecting property in human beings and the moral and constitutional arguments against such laws.Once free, Douglass became one of the most powerful legal thinkers of the 19th century, though he was never formally trained as a lawyer. Through his speeches, writings, and public advocacy, he shaped legal discourse on citizenship, equal protection, and constitutional interpretation. He directly influenced Reconstruction-era legal developments, including debates over the Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments. His 1852 speech “What to the Slave is the Fourth of July?” offered a searing legal and moral critique of the Constitution's complicity with slavery, while still asserting its potential as a freedom-promoting document when interpreted through a natural rights lens.Douglass's escape, and the career it made possible, also underscored the limits of law in the face of moral justice: in 1838, his very existence in the North was criminal under federal law. That reality would not change until the formal abolition of slavery in 1865. His advocacy helped lay the groundwork for a new legal order that could no longer reconcile itself with the ownership of people. September 3 is not just the anniversary of one man's flight—it marks a turning point in the long legal struggle to align American law with its professed ideals.President Donald Trump is prepared to ask the U.S. Supreme Court to uphold his administration's use of emergency powers to impose broad tariffs, including those targeting fentanyl and “reciprocal” trade imbalances. This follows two significant legal defeats, including a 7-4 ruling by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, which found that the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) does not grant the president sweeping tariff authority. The court held that the statute, enacted in 1977, lacks any reference to tariffs among its regulatory tools, creating a serious challenge to the legal basis for Trump's actions.Despite the legal headwinds, Trump's team remains optimistic, noting the conservative 6-3 majority on the Supreme Court and the Court's traditional deference in matters of foreign affairs. However, legal scholars suggest the case hinges on the major questions doctrine, which requires Congress to speak clearly when authorizing executive action with major economic or political impact. This doctrine was previously used to strike down President Biden's student loan forgiveness plan in 2023.Observers expect the Court to address whether IEEPA's silence on tariffs means such powers were never intended. If the Court rules against Trump, his administration is already eyeing fallback legal authorities, including Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act and Section 338 of the Smoot-Hawley Act, to keep tariffs in place. Meanwhile, nearly $66 billion in collected duties could be subject to refunds if importers challenge payments. A Supreme Court decision is likely by early 2026, with significant consequences for presidential trade powers.Trump to ask Supreme Court to save tariffs but faces tough legal questionsA U.S. federal judge ruled that Google can keep its Chrome browser and Android operating system, dealing a blow to antitrust enforcers who had hoped for more aggressive remedies. However, the judge ordered Google to begin sharing key search and advertising data with competitors in an effort to restore competition in online search. This decision follows a five-year legal battle in which Judge Amit Mehta previously found Google to be maintaining an illegal monopoly in search and related advertising. Despite that finding, Mehta declined to force structural changes like breaking up Google, citing recent advances in AI as creating new, organic competition.The ruling is a partial victory for Google and Apple, as it allows the two tech giants to continue their $20 billion annual deal that makes Google the default search engine on Apple devices. It also permits Google to maintain similar agreements with device makers like Samsung and Motorola, although exclusive contracts are now banned. Google stock jumped over 7% in after-hours trading following the decision.The court emphasized that AI companies like OpenAI are already better positioned to compete with Google than traditional search competitors have been in decades. The data-sharing order could benefit developers of AI-powered search tools and browsers, but the competitive impact may not be felt immediately. Google, while considering an appeal, expressed concerns that the order could undermine user privacy.The ruling is likely to be reviewed by the U.S. Supreme Court, where Mehta's restrained approach may stand a better chance of surviving appeal. The case is part of a broader government crackdown on Big Tech, which includes ongoing legal battles involving Google, Meta, Amazon, and Apple.Google keeps Chrome and Apple deal but must share data in big antitrust rulingThe U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit ruled that President Donald Trump unlawfully used the Alien Enemies Act of 1798 to deport a group of Venezuelans he alleged were members of the Tren de Aragua gang. In a 2–1 decision, the court issued a preliminary injunction blocking the deportations, marking the first appellate ruling to directly address Trump's invocation of the centuries-old law through a March 14 presidential proclamation.Writing for the majority, Judge Leslie Southwick rejected the administration's claim that the gang's presence constituted a "predatory incursion" under the law, which only authorizes deportations during times of declared war or invasions. The court emphasized that neither condition was met. Judge Irma Carrillo Ramirez joined Southwick, while Trump appointee Judge Andrew Oldham dissented.The ruling is a setback for the Trump administration, which had sought to use the Alien Enemies Act—a wartime measure—to conduct swift removals of alleged gang members without traditional due process. The Supreme Court had already intervened in May, halting removals on procedural grounds and criticizing the administration for providing only 24 hours' notice to detainees without clear instructions on how to contest deportation.The American Civil Liberties Union, representing the Venezuelans, hailed the decision as a vital check on presidential power, warning against executive overreach during peacetime. Legal experts expect the issue to eventually return to the Supreme Court. The administration may first seek a rehearing from the full Fifth Circuit.US appeals court rejects Trump's use of Alien Enemies Act to deport VenezuelansThe 10th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals reversed a lower court ruling that had declared the federal machine gun ban unconstitutional, upholding the long-standing prohibition on such weapons. The case centered on Tamori Morgan, a Kansas man charged with possessing a machine gun and a conversion device known as a "Glock switch." A federal judge in Wichita, appointed by President Donald Trump, had previously dismissed the charges, citing the Supreme Court's 2022 Bruen decision, which required modern gun laws to align with the nation's historical tradition of firearm regulation.The appeals court, however, found that Bruen did not dismantle the existing legal framework established in District of Columbia v. Heller (2008), which protects weapons “in common use” for lawful self-defense. Writing for the unanimous three-judge panel, Judge Scott Matheson held that machine guns do not meet that standard and are primarily used for unlawful purposes, even if their usage is more widespread than official data suggests.Congress first regulated machine guns in 1934 and fully banned the possession of newly manufactured ones in 1986. The appellate ruling reinforces the idea that such weapons fall outside the Second Amendment's protections, despite recent expansions of individual gun rights. The court emphasized that even under Bruen, regulations do not require a perfect historical match—only a relevant analogue, which the machine gun ban has.US appeals court upholds machine gun ban, reversing trial judgeMy column for Bloomberg this week takes a hard look at the newly expanded federal Child Tax Credit (CTC) and asks whether it's really doing what it claims: reducing child poverty. On the surface, the policy looks like progress. The maximum credit is up to $2,200 and now indexed to inflation—something advocates have long called for. But dig into the mechanics, and a more troubling picture emerges.Despite the expansion, around 19 million children—28% of all kids in the U.S.—will remain ineligible for the full credit simply because their families don't earn enough. That's not a glitch; it's built into the law. The income phase-in structure means the poorest families, those most in need, get the least. In fact, a family of four has to make $41,500 to qualify for the full benefit—well above the federal poverty line of $32,150.This flawed design disproportionately affects Black, Latino, and Native American children, as well as kids in single-parent and rural households. And it's a bipartisan failure: Columbia University's data shows the exclusions cut across red and blue congressional districts almost evenly. That's part of what makes this so frustrating—lawmakers on both sides get to claim credit for “expanding” the CTC, even as millions of children continue to be left behind.Meanwhile, states are quietly filling the gap. Since the expiration of the more generous pandemic-era CTC in 2021, about a dozen states have implemented their own refundable credits. The results speak volumes. In Minnesota, for example, a $1,750 per-child credit is projected to lift 13,000 children out of poverty—nearly half the impact of the expanded federal credit in that state. Colorado and Vermont have seen similar success.The message here is that small, targeted, refundable state credits can work—and are working. Columbia's numbers prove that these policies are more than symbolic; they're helping real families. But that momentum could vanish if states assume Washington has solved the problem. The federal version may dominate headlines, but it's the state-level credits doing the actual heavy lifting.Tax policy doesn't usually offer much moral clarity, but this time it does. States have the tools to fight child poverty. The only real question is whether they'll use them—or wait around for Congress to deliver another “big, beautiful” fix that never arrives.Trump's New Child Tax Credit Deems Millions ‘Too Poor' to Qualify This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.minimumcomp.com/subscribe

The People's Liberation Army is expected to showcase new military hardware equipped with world-class technologies and capabilities at the upcoming V-Day parade on Wednesday.预计中国人民解放军将在周三即将举行的胜利日阅兵式上展示配备世界级技术和能力的新型军事硬件。New types of battle tanks, carrier-borne aircraft, fighter jets and strategic missiles will be highlighted during the 70-minute event, senior military officers said at a recent news conference.高级军官在最近的一次新闻发布会上表示，在70分钟的活动中，将重点介绍新型作战坦克、舰载机、战斗机和战略导弹。All of the hardware to be displayed has been domestically developed and built, and is already in active service.所有要展示的硬件都是国内开发和制造的，并且已经投入使用。The weapons feature a high level of information and automation capabilities and reflect the PLA's efforts to adapt to the development trends of science, technology and modern warfare. They will demonstrate the military's strength and ability to win wars, the officers said.这些武器具有高度的信息和自动化能力，反映了解放军适应科学技术和现代战争发展趋势的努力。军官们说，他们将展示军队的实力和赢得战争的能力。In addition to conventional weaponry, the parade will also feature unmanned platforms, counterdrone equipment and cyberspace operations apparatus, including new types of combat drones, directed-energy weapons and electronic jamming instruments, they said.他们说，除了常规武器外，阅兵式还将展出无人作战平台、反无人机设备和网络空间作战装置，包括新型作战无人机、定向能武器和电子干扰设备。Among the weapons to be displayed, hypersonic ballistic and cruise missiles are expected to attract significant attention, as China has invested heavily in the cutting-edge arena of hypersonic armaments.在即将展出的武器中，高超音速弹道导弹和巡航导弹预计将引起广泛关注，因为中国在高超音速军备的尖端领域投入了大量资金。The DF-17, China's popular hypersonic weapon, is a solid-fueled road-mobile medium-range ballistic missile. It made its public debut at the National Day parade in October 2019 and is speculated to appear again.DF-17是中国流行的高超音速武器，是一种固体燃料机动中程弹道导弹。它在2019年10月的国庆阅兵式上首次公开亮相，据推测会再次出现。With a futuristic aerodynamic design, the DF-17 can deliver a conventional warhead for short- or medium-range precision strikes in all weather conditions, and is capable of penetrating enemy defense networks, according to the PLA.Each DF-17 unit can independently launch the missile without support from other facilities.根据中国人民解放军的说法，凭借未来主义的空气动力学设计，DF-17可以在所有天气条件下为短程或中程精确打击提供常规弹头，并且能够穿透敌方防御网络。每个DF-17单元都可以在没有其他设施支持的情况下独立发射导弹。Observers said the DF-17's biggest advantage over other ballistic missiles lies in its payload — a hypersonic glide vehicle that can fly above the edge of the atmosphere and change direction frequently, creating sophisticated trajectories that are difficult for missile defense systems to track and intercept.观察人士表示，DF-17相对于其他弹道导弹的最大优势在于其有效载荷——一种滑翔弹，可以在大气层边缘上方飞行并频繁改变方向，形成导弹防御系统难以跟踪和拦截的复杂轨迹。China will stage a military parade on Wednesday to mark the 80th anniversary of the victory in the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War. It will be the country's 19th military parade since the People's Republic of China was founded in 1949 and the second V-Day parade.中国将于周三举行阅兵式，纪念中国人民抗日战争和世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年。这将是自1949年中华人民共和国成立以来的第19次阅兵，也是第二次胜利日阅兵。unmannedn.无（需）人操作的/ʌnˈmænd/hypersonicn.高超音速的/ˌhaɪpəˈsɒnɪk/

Episode 218 In this episode of the Observers Notebook podcast, host Tim Robertson talks to the Director of International Observe the Moon Night, Staci Horvath. You can contact Staci at: staci.l.tiedeken@nasa.gov International Observe the Moon Night: https://moon.nasa.gov/observe-the-moon-night/ For more information you can visit the ALPO web site at: www.alpo-astronomy.org/ You can also support this podcast at Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ObserversNotebook Listen to the podcast on Soundcloud: https://soundcloud.com/observersnotebook Subscribe on our YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/c/AssociationofLunarandPlanetaryObservers Subscribe on iTunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/observers-notebook-the-alpo-podcast/id1199301885?mt=2 I want to thank the Producers of this podcast, Steve Siedentop and Michael Moyer for their generous support of the Observers Notebook. Our Patreons: Jerry White Jason Inman Bob Lunsford Steve Seidentop Stephen Bennett Michael Moyer Shawn Dilles Damian Allis Carl Hergenrother Michael McShan Michael Blake Nick Evetts Stan Sienkiewicz Carl Hergenrother Stan Sienkiewicz John Rogers Jim McCarthy Stanley McMahan

Jeremy Au and Gita Sjahrir unpack Indonesia's turbulence, from corruption scandals and startup economic uncertainty due to the collapse of eFishery. They contrast Singapore's stability with Indonesia's volatility, explore how weak rule of law erodes trust, and discuss how scandals damage both founders and investors. They also analyze the role of boards, GPs, and operating partners in strengthening Southeast Asia's startup ecosystem. 02:00 Corruption scandals seem to show political motivation: The Tom Lembong case introduced the charge of “potential loss to the state,” which was never proven, and targeted him while other ministers who made similar decisions were left untouched. 04:46 Public mistrust deepens: Indonesians question whether corruption cases are genuine, ploys, or selective prosecutions, and many view them as witch hunts that worsen the disconnect between government and citizens. This has resulted in street protests. 09:19 Economic data raises skepticism: Official growth figures of above 5 percent confused the public, as weak indicators like falling auto sales, rising unemployment, and declining foreign direct investment suggest economic hardship is the reality. 12:12 Central bank cuts interest rates: The surprise decision was a move to boost growth to increase domestic investments and spending. Observers argued that transparency and equal rule of law remain the true foundation for long-term capital flows. 15:07 eFishery founder detained by Indonesia police: The founder's detention followed a public Bloomberg interview in which he admitted to misconduct, reinforcing concerns that the scandal severely damaged trust in Indonesia's startup scene. Law enforcement may improve public trust and deter bad-faith actors 19:33 Investor reaction turns punitive: Indonesia founders are asked to show profitability very early, to hit one million ARR within their first year, and to give up more than 20 percent equity even before a Series A. 28:17 VC operating partner model is missing: Unlike private equity, Southeast Asian venture capital rarely employs experienced operating partners - to support founders directly or fill board seats, leaving a gap in hands-on help and corporate governance. Watch, listen or read the full insight at  https://www.bravesea.com/blog/gita-sjahrir-indonesia-trust-crisis Get transcripts, startup resources & community discussions at www.bravesea.com WhatsApp: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VakR55X6BIElUEvkN02e TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@jeremyau Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/jeremyauz Twitter: https://twitter.com/jeremyau LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/bravesea English: Spotify | YouTube | Apple Podcasts Bahasa Indonesia: Spotify | YouTube | Apple Podcasts Chinese: Spotify | YouTube | Apple Podcasts Vietnamese: Spotify | YouTube | Apple Podcasts

Voter registration trends suggest Republicans could turn Pennsylvania red for the first time in decades. Observers also see a rise in the power of voters who don't support either party. Northeastern Pa. Congressman Rob Bresnahan has unveiled legislation to support food bands and farmers, as well as lay the groundwork for the next nationwide Farm Bill. This is in response to the USDA's decision to eliminate a $13 million dollar food aid program. This weekend the Steamtown National Historic Site will celebrate RailFest and the park's 30th anniversary. Governor Josh Shapiro's office is proposing a 49.9-billion-dollar budget to Pennsylvania lawmakers, as an attempt to end the state's two-month stalemate. A central Pennsylvania woman who helped spread lies about the 2020 presidential election is now a member of the Trump Administration. heather Honey has been appointed Deputy Assistant Secretary in the Department of Homeland Security, where her role will be to oversee election integrity. A whistleblower within the Pennsylvania Department of Aging says the Shapiro administration is retaliating against him, after he raised alarms about elder abuse system failures. Law enforcement officials in Pennsylvania and 20 other states are calling on the federal government to declare an emergency in response to a drug know of the streets as "designer Xanax." Labor Day weekend brings colorful arts festivals to the region's major cities. In Harrisburg, the 109th annual Kipona Festival runs Saturday through Monday, featuring "art in the park", along with a giant puppet parade, the Keystone Dock Dogs competition, food trucks and music. In Lancaster, the 47th annual Long's Park art Festival features 200 artists across the city park, on Friday, Saturday and Sunday. Did you know that if every one of WITF's sustaining circle members gives as little as $12 more a month, we'd close the gap caused by federal funding cuts? Increase your gift at https://witf.org/increase or become a sustaining member at www.witf.org/givenow. and thanks!Support WITF: https://www.witf.org/support/give-now/See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Today, Michael and Tony discuss what's missing in our modern world, and why we have so many problems on a global level. Politics doesn't fix our problems, neither does war - the only way to make our world a better place is by connecting with the Light.Being spiritually active helps everyone, and harms no-one. Michael explains how you can do it, each and every day, and it couldn't be any simpler!

According to eyewitnesses reported by The Daily Beast, Kathryn Ruemmler—who served as White House Counsel under both the Clinton and Obama administrations—was present at Jeffrey Epstein's arraignment in July 2019. Observers noted she was seated behind Epstein's defense team, and characterized her presence as a “professional relationship,” possibly serving as a show of support. Importantly, Epstein's longtime attorney, Martin Weinberg, clarified that Ruemmler did not represent Epstein, stating with certainty that she had not appeared at any hearing on his behalf.Further press coverage and court filings revealed that even after her White House tenure, Ruemmler had multiple interactions with Epstein. The Wall Street Journal noted Epstein's schedule included dozens of meetings with her between her White House service and her later work at Goldman Sachs. He had entries for planned meetings in Paris in 2015 and on his private Caribbean island in 2017; Ruemmler denied that those occasions occurred. She also commented in those reports: “I regret ever knowing Jeffrey Epstein.”(commercial at 12:40)to contact me:bobbycapucci@protonmail.comsource:Jeffrey Epstein referred Obama White House counsel to JPMorgan (cnbc.com)Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-epstein-chronicles--5003294/support.

Episode 217 In this episode of the Observers Notebook podcast, host Tim Robertson talks to the ALPO Lunar Section Coordinator and Editor of the Lunar Observer newsletter. You can contact David at: drteske@yahoo.com For more information you can visit the ALPO web site at: www.alpo-astronomy.org/ You can also support this podcast at Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ObserversNotebook Listen to the podcast on Soundcloud: https://soundcloud.com/observersnotebook Subscribe on our YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/c/AssociationofLunarandPlanetaryObservers Subscribe on iTunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/observers-notebook-the-alpo-podcast/id1199301885?mt=2 I want to thank the Producers of this podcast, Steve Siedentop and Michael Moyer for their generous support of the Observers Notebook. Our Patreons: Jerry White Jason Inman Bob Lunsford Steve Seidentop Stephen Bennett Michael Moyer Shawn Dilles Damian Allis Carl Hergenrother Michael McShan Michael Blake Nick Evetts Stan Sienkiewicz Carl Hergenrother Stan Sienkiewicz John Rogers Jim McCarthy Stanley McMahan

In this special and extended QnA Episode we look at Parachutes in the Air Services in WW1, the Ground Crew who kept the planes in the air, what are the best RFC/RAF memoirs of WW1, how the filming of the Red Baron's funeral was received, and how men applied for transfers to the Air Services and what was the selection process for Pilots and Observers.Got a question about this episode or any others? Drop your question into the Old Front Line Discord Server or email the podcast.We now have a shop for Old Front Line Merch: Old Front Line shop.Send us a textSupport the show

It's August 6, 2025, and these past several days have felt like a relentless ride on the legal rollercoaster that is the ongoing saga of Donald Trump's court trials. Just this week, chatter around Trump's name in courtrooms from Manhattan to Atlanta has heated up again, and the energy outside those courthouses is as buzzing as ever. Let me walk you through where all the high-stakes proceedings stand, and how Trump—now back in the White House—remains a central figure in the courtroom drama that continues to grip the nation.First, New York. The city's legal powerhouse, Manhattan District Attorney Alvin Bragg, made history last year by securing Donald Trump's felony conviction. Back on May 30, 2024, a jury found him guilty on 34 counts of falsifying business records, stemming from hush money payments and bookkeeping maneuvers during his first presidential run. But what turned more heads in January 2025 was the sentence. Justice Juan Merchan handed Trump an unconditional discharge—which means no jail time, but the felony conviction remains on his record. Even with Trump now serving as president again, the legal and political weight of being the only U.S. president ever convicted of a felony still looms large over his administration. Protesters and supporters alike continue making their presence known along Centre Street, where the courthouse became a national stage.Down in Florida, federal prosecutors faced a stunning twist in what was billed as the Mar-a-Lago classified documents case. Last July, U.S. District Judge Aileen Cannon dismissed the entire indictment against Donald Trump. Special Counsel Jack Smith, who had charged Trump with more than 30 counts of mishandling national defense information and several counts of obstruction, suddenly saw his case collapse over a controversy about his own appointment and funding. Although Smith appealed, by the end of January 2025 the Department of Justice had withdrawn all appeals—effectively ending federal prosecution in that venue, at least for now.Meanwhile, Fulton County, Georgia remains a focal point of public interest, as Trump and a cohort of alleged co-conspirators face charges connected to alleged interference in the 2020 election. The sheer number of defendants and legal maneuvers has kept this case from reaching trial quickly, but it's set to escalate in the coming weeks. Observers in Atlanta watch for the next moves from District Attorney Fani Willis, whose office charges Trump and others with racketeering and other election-related offenses.While those three criminal trials dominate headlines, there's more just beneath the surface. Federal courts in Washington, D.C. have paused most proceedings as higher courts continue to hash out Trump's arguments that he's immune from prosecution for acts taken while president—a fight reignited by a Supreme Court decision just days ago, sending questions about presidential immunity back to the lower courts. That pause means, for now, any trial regarding Trump's actions leading up to January 6 remains at a legal crossroads, adding yet more uncertainty to the picture.From Manhattan to Miami and Atlanta to Washington, the narrative of Trump in court remains ever-evolving—a mix of sharp legal arguments, unexpected dismissals, and the ceaseless spin of political consequence. As the country watches, the weight of these court proceedings shadows the highest levels of government.Thanks for tuning in to this week's recap. Don't forget to come back next week for more. This has been a Quiet Please production. For more, check out QuietPlease.ai.Some great Deals https://amzn.to/49SJ3QsFor more check out http://www.quietplease.ai

Episode 216 In this episode of the Observers Notebook podcast, host Tim Robertson talks to the Editor in Chief of Sky& Telescope magazine, Diana Hannikainen. You can contact Diana at: diana@skyandtelescope.org For more information you can visit the ALPO web site at: www.alpo-astronomy.org/ You can also support this podcast at Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/ObserversNotebook Listen to the podcast on Soundcloud: https://soundcloud.com/observersnotebook Subscribe on our YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/c/AssociationofLunarandPlanetaryObservers Subscribe on iTunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/observers-notebook-the-alpo-podcast/id1199301885?mt=2 I want to thank the Producers of this podcast, Steve Siedentop and Michael Moyer for their generous support of the Observers Notebook. Our Patreons: Jerry White Jason Inman Bob Lunsford Steve Seidentop Stephen Bennett Michael Moyer Shawn Dilles Damian Allis Carl Hergenrother Michael McShan Michael Blake Nick Evetts Stan Sienkiewicz Carl Hergenrother Stan Sienkiewicz John Rogers Jim McCarthy Stanley McMahan

In this enlightening episode of "Father and Joe," hosts Father Boniface Hicks and Joe Rockey delve into the profound journey of transforming from mere onlookers to active participants in the Mass. This transformation is likened to the difference between watching a NASCAR race and being one of the drivers, feeling every exhilarating moment. Father Boniface emphasizes that this journey is not an all-or-nothing proposition; it's about making a choice. He contrasts the utilitarian view of the Mass with its true essence—an ever-growing relationship, much like a marriage, which flourishes the deeper it becomes.The conversation addresses common objections, such as the misconception that every Mass is the same, and highlights how each experience is unique, just as no two days with a friend are ever identical. Father Boniface eloquently speaks about the Mass as a dynamic relationship, not a transactional experience. It's about the opportunity to sacrifice, love, and give everything for something greater, echoing the Christian value of martyrdom—offering oneself entirely out of love.Together, they explore the structure of the Mass, from the initial acknowledgment of sins to the transformative power of the Liturgy of the Word and the Eucharist. This episode uncovers how each stage of the Mass is designed to guide us from external observance to internal engagement. They discuss practical steps for entering deeper into the Mass, recognizing the signs and symbols that catch our attention, and ultimately meeting Christ through the Holy Communion. As Father Boniface mentions, staying in this relationship, even when not fully engaged, brings profound growth, both spiritually and personally.Father Boniface also touches on his book, "The Hidden Power of Silence in the Mass," inviting listeners to dive deeper into the beauty and purpose of the Mass. This episode serves as both a spiritual guide and a heartfelt conversation, encouraging everyone to reclaim their faith journey and build a stronger union with God, whether they've drifted away or seek to deepen their existing relationship.Tags: Mass, Spirituality, Church, God, Eucharist, Relationship with God, Faith Journey, Active Participation, Worship, Spiritual Growth, Community, Catholicism, Marriage Analogy, Transformation, Sacrifice, Liturgy, Eucharistic Prayer, Encountering Christ, Holy Communion, Personal Growth, Divine Presence, Christian Values, Faith Obstacles, Spiritual Direction, Handbook to Mass, Engaging Worship, Religious Practice, Catholic Faith, Spiritual Reflection, Deepening Faith, Mass Structure, Spiritual Conversations, Faith and Love, Building Relationships, Finding Purpose, Mass Experience, Christian Life, Spiritual Insights, Worship Guidance, Faith RenewalHashtags: #Mass #Spirituality #Church #God #Eucharist #FaithJourney #ActiveParticipation #Worship #SpiritualGrowth #Community #Catholicism #MarriageAnalogy #Transformation #Sacrifice #Liturgy #HolyCommunion #PersonalGrowth #ChristianValues #FaithObstacles #SpiritualDirection #MassHandbook #EngagingWorship #ReligiousPractice #CatholicFaith #SpiritualReflection #DeepeningFaith #MassStructure #SpiritualConversations #FaithAndLove #BuildingRelationships #FindingPurpose #MassExperience #ChristianLife #SpiritualInsights #WorshipGuidance #FaithRenewalThis line is here to correct the site's formatting error.

For years, rumors have swirled that Prince Andrew and Ghislaine Maxwell were more than just friends, with speculation suggesting they may have once dated or had a romantic entanglement. The two were frequently seen together at social events throughout the 1990s and early 2000s, and their longstanding closeness raised eyebrows long before Jeffrey Epstein's name became globally infamous. Observers noted their easy familiarity and shared social circles, often remarking on how often they were photographed side by side at royal functions, private gatherings, and society galas. Some sources close to Maxwell have hinted that their relationship may have included a romantic chapter—one that possibly preceded her involvement with Epstein.These rumors have taken on a darker undertone in light of the sexual abuse allegations against Prince Andrew and his well-documented ties to both Maxwell and Epstein. Critics have questioned whether their bond went deeper than friendship, and whether Maxwell served as more than just a facilitator in Andrew's social life. The palace has never addressed the dating rumors directly, but the closeness between the two—combined with their mutual refusal to fully explain the extent of their relationship—has fueled ongoing speculation. In hindsight, what once looked like high-society companionship now appears more like an alliance built on secrecy, power, and mutual protection.to contact me:bobbycapucci@protonmail.comsource:https://nypost.com/2022/01/17/prince-andrew-likely-dated-ghislaine-maxwell-ex-royal-guard/

Observers are calling this possibly the biggest human trafficking event in modern times. Hundreds of thousands of people recruited – usually under false pretences - to work in massive facilities in the border areas of Myanmar, Cambodia and Laos, to promote fraudulent investment schemes and romance scams to unsuspecting citizens around the world. The scams, run by criminal gangs, are thought to be making tens of billions of dollars every year. Those recruited often find themselves, trapped, beaten and tortured. Ed Butler travels to Thailand's border with Myanmar to investigate the scale of the trade, to speak to survivors and to some of those still involved, and to explore what role the ongoing civil war in Myanmar is playing in fuelling this apparently burgeoning criminal trade, beyond the reach of international law-enforcement.This episode of The Documentary comes to you from Assignment, investigations and journeys into the heart of global events.

Criminal Complaint Filed Over 'Warp Speed Cancer' (01:00:45 – 01:07:05)A complaint filed in France alleges mRNA vaccines caused deadly turbo cancers, implicating global health agencies while ignoring U.S. officials who enabled vaccine rollout. The term 'Warp Speed Cancer' is used to link aggressive cancers with the vaccine campaign.FDA Study Finds Excess DNA in COVID Vaccines (01:12:06 – 01:14:00)An FDA study confirms high levels of DNA contamination in Pfizer's mRNA vaccine, raising concerns over cancer risk and regulatory negligence. Critics compare the lax response to how pollution or car emissions would be handled.COVID Vaccine Removed from CDC Schedule for Children (01:25:54 – 01:27:49)RFK Jr. announces removal of COVID vaccines from the CDC schedule for healthy children and pregnant women, though skepticism is expressed over the true intent and lingering influence of vaccine advocates.CDC Panel Head Accused of Downplaying Vaccine Injuries (01:33:12 – 01:36:50)The new CDC vaccine panel head is criticized for opposing pauses on J&J shots and ignoring adverse event reports, leading to claims of pro-vaccine bias and lack of transparency about injury risks.Cargo Ship Fire Tied to EV Battery Hazards (01:53:00 – 01:59:30)An EV-laden cargo ship sinks after a prolonged fire, raising environmental concerns over lithium battery safety and whether such incidents are factored into EVs' environmental impact.Tesla Robo-Taxi Glitches Spark Regulatory Scrutiny (02:00:36 – 02:07:42)Videos show Tesla's driverless taxis behaving erratically, including stopping in intersections and veering off course. Observers criticize the premature rollout and ineffective safety measures.Markets Shrug Off U.S.-Israel Strike on Iran (02:25:30 – 02:27:04)Gold, silver, oil, and Bitcoin show minimal reaction to joint U.S.-Israel strikes, suggesting either disbelief in the severity of events or market manipulation by major financial actors.Christian Zionism Criticized as Political Idolatry (02:48:33 – 02:52:57)Christian Zionism is condemned as a distortion of theology, accused of leading believers to support war and foreign interventions at the expense of persecuted Christian communities.Pro-Israel Loyalty Test in Conservative Politics (02:52:58 – 03:01:38)Conservative figures are accused of prioritizing loyalty to Israel over American interests. A generational shift is predicted as younger conservatives push back against foreign entanglements.BIS vs IMF: Stablecoin Suppression and CBDC Agenda (03:01:39 – 03:03:04)The BIS targets stablecoins in what's described as a battle over who will control future digital money, with CBDCs positioned as tools of global financial dominance.Bitcoin Seen as Hedge Against Fiat Collapse (03:03:05 – 03:07:01)Extreme Bitcoin price forecasts are discussed in the context of fiat currency debasement, with Bitcoin framed as a finite refuge from an increasingly unstable monetary system.Self-Driving Cars as Surveillance and Control Tools (03:13:14 – 03:18:00)Explores how autonomous vehicles collect and transmit driver data, affect social credit scores, and raise concerns about accountability, privacy, and control.War Powers Debate: Trump, Iran, and Congressional Authority (03:18:01 – 03:24:17)Critiques Trump's bombing of Iran without Congressional approval and rebuts claims by Mike Johnson and J.D. Vance that the War Powers Resolution limits presidential authority.MAGA Civil War: Candace Owens vs. Trump on Vaccines and Israel (03:24:18 – 03:29:55) Candace Owens distances herself from Trump over foreign policy while she gave him a pass on Warp Speed vaccines, with commentary on her past praise and growing populist pushback.Trump's Nobel Peace Prize Nomination Mocked (03:30:40 – 03:31:35) Trump is nominated for a Nobel Peace Prize following the Iran ceasefire, provoking ridicule given his role in launching strikes days earlier.Mark Levin vs. Steve Bannon: Neocon Populist Feud over Israel (03:34:20 – 03:39:01)Levin calls for escalated military support for Israel, while Bannon and populist circles reject U.S. involvement. The rift signals deeper ideological divides on the right.Damage from Iranian Missile Strikes on Israel (03:45:10 – 03:47:55)Reports and footage highlight destruction caused by Iranian retaliation, while commentary accuses elites of profiting from wars at civilian expense.Iranian Officials Reported Dead Resurface (03:48:40 – 03:50:35) High-ranking Iranian figures previously declared dead by Israeli sources are shown to be alive, raising doubts about the success of targeted strikes.Follow the show on Kick and watch live every weekday 9:00am EST – 12:00pm EST https://kick.com/davidknightshow Money should have intrinsic value AND transactional privacy: Go to https://davidknight.gold/ for great deals on physical gold/silver For 10% off Gerald Celente's prescient Trends Journal, go to https://trendsjournal.com/ and enter the code KNIGHT Find out more about the show and where you can watch it at TheDavidKnightShow.comIf you would like to support the show and our family please consider subscribing monthly here: SubscribeStar https://www.subscribestar.com/the-david-knight-showOr you can send a donation throughMail: David Knight POB 994 Kodak, TN 37764Zelle: @DavidKnightShow@protonmail.comCash App at: $davidknightshowBTC to: bc1qkuec29hkuye4xse9unh7nptvu3y9qmv24vanh7Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-david-knight-show--2653468/support.

Criminal Complaint Filed Over 'Warp Speed Cancer' (01:00:45 – 01:07:05)A complaint filed in France alleges mRNA vaccines caused deadly turbo cancers, implicating global health agencies while ignoring U.S. officials who enabled vaccine rollout. The term 'Warp Speed Cancer' is used to link aggressive cancers with the vaccine campaign.FDA Study Finds Excess DNA in COVID Vaccines (01:12:06 – 01:14:00)An FDA study confirms high levels of DNA contamination in Pfizer's mRNA vaccine, raising concerns over cancer risk and regulatory negligence. Critics compare the lax response to how pollution or car emissions would be handled.COVID Vaccine Removed from CDC Schedule for Children (01:25:54 – 01:27:49)RFK Jr. announces removal of COVID vaccines from the CDC schedule for healthy children and pregnant women, though skepticism is expressed over the true intent and lingering influence of vaccine advocates.CDC Panel Head Accused of Downplaying Vaccine Injuries (01:33:12 – 01:36:50)The new CDC vaccine panel head is criticized for opposing pauses on J&J shots and ignoring adverse event reports, leading to claims of pro-vaccine bias and lack of transparency about injury risks.Cargo Ship Fire Tied to EV Battery Hazards (01:53:00 – 01:59:30)An EV-laden cargo ship sinks after a prolonged fire, raising environmental concerns over lithium battery safety and whether such incidents are factored into EVs' environmental impact.Tesla Robo-Taxi Glitches Spark Regulatory Scrutiny (02:00:36 – 02:07:42)Videos show Tesla's driverless taxis behaving erratically, including stopping in intersections and veering off course. Observers criticize the premature rollout and ineffective safety measures.Markets Shrug Off U.S.-Israel Strike on Iran (02:25:30 – 02:27:04)Gold, silver, oil, and Bitcoin show minimal reaction to joint U.S.-Israel strikes, suggesting either disbelief in the severity of events or market manipulation by major financial actors.Christian Zionism Criticized as Political Idolatry (02:48:33 – 02:52:57)Christian Zionism is condemned as a distortion of theology, accused of leading believers to support war and foreign interventions at the expense of persecuted Christian communities.Pro-Israel Loyalty Test in Conservative Politics (02:52:58 – 03:01:38)Conservative figures are accused of prioritizing loyalty to Israel over American interests. A generational shift is predicted as younger conservatives push back against foreign entanglements.BIS vs IMF: Stablecoin Suppression and CBDC Agenda (03:01:39 – 03:03:04)The BIS targets stablecoins in what's described as a battle over who will control future digital money, with CBDCs positioned as tools of global financial dominance.Bitcoin Seen as Hedge Against Fiat Collapse (03:03:05 – 03:07:01)Extreme Bitcoin price forecasts are discussed in the context of fiat currency debasement, with Bitcoin framed as a finite refuge from an increasingly unstable monetary system.Self-Driving Cars as Surveillance and Control Tools (03:13:14 – 03:18:00)Explores how autonomous vehicles collect and transmit driver data, affect social credit scores, and raise concerns about accountability, privacy, and control.War Powers Debate: Trump, Iran, and Congressional Authority (03:18:01 – 03:24:17)Critiques Trump's bombing of Iran without Congressional approval and rebuts claims by Mike Johnson and J.D. Vance that the War Powers Resolution limits presidential authority.MAGA Civil War: Candace Owens vs. Trump on Vaccines and Israel (03:24:18 – 03:29:55) Candace Owens distances herself from Trump over foreign policy while she gave him a pass on Warp Speed vaccines, with commentary on her past praise and growing populist pushback.Trump's Nobel Peace Prize Nomination Mocked (03:30:40 – 03:31:35) Trump is nominated for a Nobel Peace Prize following the Iran ceasefire, provoking ridicule given his role in launching strikes days earlier.Mark Levin vs. Steve Bannon: Neocon Populist Feud over Israel (03:34:20 – 03:39:01)Levin calls for escalated military support for Israel, while Bannon and populist circles reject U.S. involvement. The rift signals deeper ideological divides on the right.Damage from Iranian Missile Strikes on Israel (03:45:10 – 03:47:55)Reports and footage highlight destruction caused by Iranian retaliation, while commentary accuses elites of profiting from wars at civilian expense.Iranian Officials Reported Dead Resurface (03:48:40 – 03:50:35) High-ranking Iranian figures previously declared dead by Israeli sources are shown to be alive, raising doubts about the success of targeted strikes.Follow the show on Kick and watch live every weekday 9:00am EST – 12:00pm EST https://kick.com/davidknightshow Money should have intrinsic value AND transactional privacy: Go to https://davidknight.gold/ for great deals on physical gold/silver For 10% off Gerald Celente's prescient Trends Journal, go to https://trendsjournal.com/ and enter the code KNIGHT Find out more about the show and where you can watch it at TheDavidKnightShow.comIf you would like to support the show and our family please consider subscribing monthly here: SubscribeStar https://www.subscribestar.com/the-david-knight-showOr you can send a donation throughMail: David Knight POB 994 Kodak, TN 37764Zelle: @DavidKnightShow@protonmail.comCash App at: $davidknightshowBTC to: bc1qkuec29hkuye4xse9unh7nptvu3y9qmv24vanh7Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-real-david-knight-show--5282736/support.