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I am Rolf Claessen and together with my co-host Ken Suzan I am welcoming you to episode 169 of our podcast IP Fridays! Today's interview guest is Prof. Aloys Hüttermann, co-founder of my patent law firm Michalski Hüttermann & Partner and a true expert on the Unified Patent Court. He has written several books about the new system and we talk about all the things that plaintiffs and defendants can learn from the first decisions of the court and what they mean for strategic decisions of the parties involved. But before we jump into this very interesting interview, I have news for you! The US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) is planning rule changes that would make it virtually impossible for third parties to challenge invalid patents before the patent office. Criticism has come from the EFF and other inventor rights advocates: the new rules would play into the hands of so-called non-practicing entities (NPEs), as those attacked would have few cost-effective ways to have questionable patents deleted. The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) reports a new record in international patent applications: in 2024, around 3.7 million patent applications were filed worldwide – an increase of 4.9% over the previous year. The main drivers were Asian countries (China alone accounted for 1.8 million), while demand for trademark protection has stabilized after the pandemic decline. US rapper Eminem is taking legal action in Australia against a company that sells swimwear under the name “Swim Shady.” He believes this infringes on his famous “Slim Shady” brand. The case illustrates that even humorous allusions to well-known brand names can lead to legal conflicts. A new ruling by the Unified Patent Court (UPC) demonstrates its cross-border impact. In “Fujifilm v. Kodak,” the local chamber in Mannheim issued an injunction that extends to the UK despite Brexit. The UPC confirmed its jurisdiction over the UK parts of a European patent, as the defendant Kodak is based in a UPC member state. A dispute over standard patents is looming at the EU level: the Legal Affairs Committee (JURI) of the European Parliament voted to take the European Commission to the European Court of Justice. The reason for this is the Commission’s controversial withdrawal of a draft regulation on the licensing of standard-essential patents (SEPs). Parliament President Roberta Metsola is to decide by mid-November whether to file the lawsuit. In trademark law, USPTO Director Squires reported on October 31, 2025, that a new unit (“Trademark Registration Protection Office”) had removed approximately 61,000 invalid trademark applications from the registries. This cleanup of the backlog relieved the examining authority and accelerated the processing of legitimate applications. Now let's jump into the interview with Aloys Hüttermann: The Unified Patent Court Comes of Age – Insights from Prof. Aloys Hüttermann The Unified Patent Court (UPC) has moved from a long-discussed project to a living, breathing court system that already shapes patent enforcement in Europe. In a recent IP Fridays interview, Prof. Aloys Hüttermann – founder and equity partner at Michalski · Hüttermann & Partner and one of the earliest commentators on the UPC – shared his experiences from the first years of practice, as well as his view on how the UPC fits into the global patent litigation landscape. This article summarises the key points of that conversation and is meant as an accessible overview for in-house counsel, patent attorneys and business leaders who want to understand what the UPC means for their strategy. How Prof. Hüttermann Became “Mr. UPC” Prof. Hüttermann has been closely involved with the UPC for more than a decade. When it became clear, around 13 years ago, that the European project of a unified patent court and a unitary patent was finally going to happen, he recognised that this would fundamentally change patent enforcement in Europe. He started to follow the legislative and political developments in detail and went beyond mere observation. As author and editor of several books and a major commentary on the UPC, he helped shape the discussion around the new system. His first book on the UPC appeared in 2016 – years before the court finally opened its doors in 2023. What fascinated him from the beginning was the unique opportunity to witness the creation of an entirely new court system, to analyse how it would be built and, where possible, to contribute to its understanding and development. It was clear to him that this system would be a “game changer” for European patent enforcement. UPC in the Global Triangle: Europe, the US and China In practice, most international patent disputes revolve around three major regions: the UPC territory in Europe, the United States and China. Each of these regions has its own procedural culture, cost structure and strategic impact. From a territorial perspective, the UPC is particularly attractive because it can, under the right conditions, grant pan-European injunctions that cover a broad range of EU Member States with a single decision. This consolidation of enforcement is something national courts in Europe simply cannot offer. From a cost perspective, the UPC is significantly cheaper than US litigation, especially if one compares the cost of one UPC action with a bundle of separate national cases in large European markets. When viewed against the territorial reach and procedural speed, the “bang for the buck” is very compelling. China is again a different story. The sheer volume of cases there is enormous, with tens of thousands of patent infringement cases per year. Chinese courts are known for their speed; first-instance decisions within about a year are common. In this respect they resemble the UPC more than the US does. The UPC also aims at a roughly 12 to 15 month time frame for first-instance cases where validity is at issue. The US, by contrast, features extensive discovery, occasionally jury trials and often longer timelines. The procedural culture is very different. The UPC, like Chinese courts, operates without discovery in the US sense, which makes proceedings more focused on the written record and expert evidence that the parties present, and less on pre-trial disclosure battles. Whether a company chooses to litigate in the US, the UPC, China, or some combination of these forums will depend on where the key markets and assets are. However, in Prof. Hüttermann's view, once Europe is an important market, it is hard to justify ignoring the UPC. He expects the court's caseload and influence to grow strongly over the coming years. A Landmark UPC Case: Syngenta v. Sumitomo A particularly important case in which Prof. Hüttermann was involved is the Syngenta v. Sumitomo matter, concerning a composition patent. This case has become a landmark in UPC practice for several reasons. First, the Court of Appeal clarified a central point about the reach of UPC injunctions. It made clear that once infringement is established in one Member State, this will usually be sufficient to justify a pan-European injunction covering all UPC countries designated by the patent. That confirmation gave patent owners confidence that the UPC can in fact deliver broad, cross-border relief in one go. Second, the facts of the case raised novel issues about evidence and territorial reach. The allegedly infringing product had been analysed based on a sample from the Czech Republic, which is not part of the UPC system. Later, the same product with the same name was marketed in Bulgaria, which is within UPC territory. The Court of Appeal held that the earlier analysis of the Czech sample could be relied on for enforcement in Bulgaria. This showed that evidence from outside the UPC territory can be sufficient, as long as it is properly linked to the products marketed within the UPC. Third, the Court of Appeal took the opportunity to state its view on inventive step. It confirmed that combining prior-art documents requires a “pointer”, in line with the EPO's problem-solution approach. The mere theoretical possibility of extracting a certain piece of information from a document does not suffice to justify an inventive-step attack. This is one of several decisions where the UPC has shown a strong alignment with EPO case law on substantive patentability. For Prof. Hüttermann personally, the case was also a lesson in oral advocacy before the UPC. During the two appeal hearings, the presiding judge asked unexpected questions that required quick and creative responses while the hearing continued. His practical takeaway is that parties should appear with a small, well-coordinated team: large enough to allow someone to work on a tricky question in the background, but small enough to remain agile. Two or three lawyers seem ideal; beyond that, coordination becomes difficult and “too many cooks spoil the broth”. A Game-Changing CJEU Decision: Bosch Siemens Hausgeräte v. Electrolux Surprisingly, one of the most important developments for European patent litigation in the past year did not come from the UPC at all, but from the Court of Justice of the European Union. In Bosch Siemens Hausgeräte v. Electrolux, the CJEU revisited the rules on cross-border jurisdiction under the Brussels I Recast Regulation (Brussels Ia). Previously, under what practitioners often referred to as the GAT/LuK regime, a court in one EU country was largely prevented from granting relief for alleged infringement in another country if the validity of the foreign patent was contested there. This significantly limited the possibilities for cross-border injunctions. In Bosch, the CJEU changed course. Without going into all procedural details, the essence is that courts in the EU now have broader powers to grant cross-border relief when certain conditions are met, particularly when at least one defendant is domiciled in the forum state. The concept of an “anchor defendant” plays a central role: if you sue one group company in its home forum, other group companies in other countries, including outside the EU, can be drawn into the case. This has already had practical consequences. German courts, for example, have issued pan-European injunctions covering around twenty countries in pharmaceutical cases. There are even attempts to sue European companies for infringement of US patents based on acts in the US, using the logic of Bosch as a starting point. How far courts will ultimately go remains to be seen, but the potential is enormous. For the UPC, this development is highly relevant. The UPC operates in the same jurisdictional environment as national courts, and many defendants in UPC cases will be domiciled in UPC countries. This increases the likelihood that the UPC, too, can leverage the broadened possibilities for cross-border relief. In addition, we have already seen UPC decisions that include non-EU countries such as the UK within the scope of injunctions, in certain constellations. The interaction between UPC practice and the Bosch jurisprudence of the CJEU is only beginning to unfold. Does the UPC Follow EPO Case Law? A key concern for many patent owners and practitioners is whether the UPC will follow the EPO's Boards of Appeal or develop its own, possibly divergent, case law on validity. On procedural matters, the UPC is naturally different from the EPO. It has its own rules of procedure, its own timelines and its own tools, such as “front-loaded” pleadings and tight limits on late-filed material. On substantive law, however, Prof. Hüttermann's conclusion is clear: there is “nothing new under the sun”. The UPC's approach to novelty, inventive step and added matter is very close to that of the EPO. The famous “gold standard” for added matter appears frequently in UPC decisions. Intermediate generalisations are treated with the same suspicion as at the EPO. In at least one case, the UPC revoked a patent for added matter even though the EPO had granted it in exactly that form. The alignment is not accidental. The UPC only deals with European patents granted by the EPO; it does not hear cases on purely national patents. If the UPC were more generous than the EPO, many patents would never reach it. If it were systematically stricter, patentees would be more tempted to opt out of the system. In practice, the UPC tends to apply the EPO's standards and, where anything differs, it is usually a matter of factual appreciation rather than a different legal test. For practitioners, this has a very practical implication: if you want to predict how the UPC will decide on validity, the best starting point is to ask how the EPO would analyse the case. The UPC may not always reach the same result in parallel EPO opposition proceedings, but the conceptual framework is largely the same. Trends in UPC Practice: PIs, Equivalents and Division-Specific Styles Even in its early years, certain trends and differences between UPC divisions can be observed. On preliminary injunctions, the local division in Düsseldorf has taken a particularly proactive role. It has been responsible for most of the ex parte PIs granted so far and applies a rather strict notion of urgency, often considering one month after knowledge of the infringement as still acceptable, but treating longer delays with scepticism. Other divisions tend to see two months as still compatible with urgency, and they are much more cautious with ex parte measures. Munich, by contrast, has indicated a strong preference for inter partes PI proceedings and appears reluctant to grant ex parte relief at all. A judge from Munich has even described the main action as the “fast” procedure and the inter partes PI as the “very fast” one, leaving little room for an even faster ex parte track. There are also differences in how divisions handle amendments and auxiliary requests in PI proceedings. Munich has suggested that if a patentee needs to rely on claim amendments or auxiliary requests in a PI, the request is unlikely to succeed. Other divisions have been more open to considering auxiliary requests. The doctrine of equivalents is another area where practice is not yet harmonised. The Hague division has explicitly applied a test taken from Dutch law in at least one case and found infringement by equivalence. However, the Court of Appeal has not yet endorsed a specific test, and in another recent Hague case the same division did not apply that Dutch-law test again. The Mannheim division has openly called for the development of an autonomous, pan-European equivalence test, but has not yet fixed such a test in a concrete decision. This is clearly an area to watch. Interim conferences are commonly used in most divisions to clarify issues early on, but Düsseldorf often dispenses with them to save time. In practice, interim conferences can be very helpful for narrowing down the issues, though parties should not expect to be able to predict the final decision from what is discussed there. Sometimes topics that dominate the interim conference play little or no role in the main oral hearing. A Front-Loaded System and Typical Strategic Mistakes UPC proceedings are highly front-loaded and very fast. A defendant usually has three months from service of the statement of claim to file a full statement of defence and any counterclaim for revocation. This is manageable, but only if the time is used wisely. One common strategic problem is that parties lose time at the beginning and only develop a clear strategy late in the three-month period. According to Prof. Hüttermann, it is crucial to have a firm strategy within the first two or three weeks and then execute it consistently. Constantly changing direction is a recipe for failure in such a compressed system. Another characteristic is the strict attitude towards late-filed material. It is difficult to introduce new documents or new inventive-step attacks later in the procedure. In some cases even alternative combinations of already-filed prior-art documents have been viewed as “new” attacks and rejected as late. At the appeal stage, the Court of Appeal has even considered new arguments based on different parts of a book already in the file as potentially late-filed. This does not mean that parties should flood the court with dozens of alternative attacks in the initial brief. In one revocation action, a plaintiff filed about fifty different inventive-step attacks, only to be told by the court that this was not acceptable and that the attacks had to be reduced and structured. The UPC is not a body conducting ex officio examination. It is entitled to manage the case actively and to ask parties to focus on the most relevant issues. Evidence Gathering, Protective Letters and the Defendant's Perspective The UPC provides powerful tools for both sides. Evidence inspection is becoming more common, not only at trade fairs but also at company premises. This can be a valuable tool for patentees, but it also poses a serious risk for defendants who may suddenly face court-ordered inspections. From the perspective of potential defendants, protective letters are an important instrument, especially in divisions like Düsseldorf where ex parte PIs are possible. A well-written protective letter, filed in advance, can significantly reduce the risk of a surprise injunction. The court fees are moderate, but the content of the protective letter must be carefully prepared; a poor submission can cause more harm than good. Despite the strong tools available to patentees, Prof. Hüttermann does not view the UPC as unfair to defendants. If a defendant files a solid revocation counterclaim, the pressure shifts to the patentee, who then has only two months to reply, prepare all auxiliary requests and adapt the enforcement strategy. This is even more demanding than at the EPO, because the patentee must not only respond to validity attacks but also ensure that any amended claims still capture the allegedly infringing product. It is entirely possible to secure the survival of a patent with an auxiliary request that no longer covers the defendant's product. In that scenario, the patentee has “won” on validity but lost the infringement case. Managing this tension under tight time limits is a key challenge of UPC practice. The Future Role of the UPC and How to Prepare Today the UPC hears a few hundred cases per year, compared with several thousand patent cases in the US and tens of thousands in China. Nevertheless, both the court itself and experienced practitioners see significant growth potential. Prof. Hüttermann expects case numbers to multiply in the medium term. Whether the UPC will become the first choice forum in global disputes or remain one pillar in parallel proceedings alongside the US and China will depend on the strategies of large patentees and the evolution of case law. However, the court is well equipped: it covers a large, economically important territory, is comparatively cost-effective and offers fast procedures with robust remedies. For companies that may end up before the UPC, preparation is essential. On the offensive side, that means building strong evidence and legal arguments before filing, being ready to proceed quickly and structured, and understanding the specific styles of the relevant divisions. On the defensive side, it may mean filing protective letters in risk-exposed markets, preparing internal processes for rapid reaction if a statement of claim arrives, and taking inspection requests seriously. Conclusion The Unified Patent Court has quickly moved from theory to practice. It offers pan-European relief, fast and front-loaded procedures, and a substantive approach that closely mirrors the EPO's case law. At the same time, national and EU-level developments like the Bosch Siemens Hausgeräte v. Electrolux decision are reshaping the jurisdictional framework in which the UPC operates, opening the door for far-reaching cross-border injunctions. For patent owners and potential defendants alike, the message is clear: the UPC is here to stay and will become more important year by year. Those who invest the time to understand its dynamics now – including its alignment with the EPO, the differences between divisions, and the strategic implications of its procedures – will be in a much better position when the first UPC dispute lands on their desk. Here is the full transcript of the interview: Rolf Claessen:Today's interview guest is Prof. Aloys Hüttermann. He is founder and equity partner of my firm, Michalski · Hüttermann & Partner. More importantly for today's interview, he has written several books about the Unified Patent Court. The first one already came out in 2016. He is co-editor and author of one of the leading commentaries on the UPC and has gained substantial experience in UPC cases so far – one of them even together with me. Thank you very much for being on IP Fridays again, Aloys. Aloys Hüttermann:Thank you for inviting me, it's an honour. How did you get so deeply involved in the UPC? Rolf Claessen:Before we dive into the details, how did you end up so deeply involved in the Unified Patent Court? And what personally fascinates you about this court? Aloys Hüttermann:This goes back quite a while – roughly 13 years. At that time it became clear that, after several failed attempts, Europe would really get a pan-European court and a pan-European patent, and that this time it was serious. I thought: this is going to be the future. That interested me a lot, both intellectually and practically. A completely new system was being built. You could watch how it evolved – and, if possible, even help shape it a bit. It was also obvious to me that this would be a complete game changer. Nobody expected that it would take until 2023 before the system actually started operating, but now it is here. I became heavily interested early on. As you mentioned, my first book on the UPC was published in 2016, in the expectation that the system would start soon. It took a bit longer, but now we finally have it. UPC vs. US and China – speed, cost and impact Rolf Claessen:Before we go deeper into the UPC, let's zoom out. If you compare litigation before the UPC with patent litigation in the US and in China – in terms of speed, cost and the impact of decisions – what are the key differences that a business leader should understand? Aloys Hüttermann:If you look at the three big regions – the UPC territory in Europe, the US and China – these are the major economic areas for many technology companies. One important point is territorial reach. In the UPC, if the conditions are met, you can get pan-European injunctions that cover many EU Member States in one go. We will talk about this later in more detail. On costs there is a huge difference between the US and the UPC. The UPC is much cheaper than US litigation, especially once you look at the number of countries you can cover with one case if the patent has been validated widely. China is different again. The number of patent infringement cases there is enormous. I have seen statistics of around 40,000 infringement cases per year in China. That is huge – compared with roughly 164 UPC infringement cases in the first year and maybe around 200 in the current year. On speed, Chinese courts are known to be very fast. You often get a first-instance decision in about a year. The UPC is comparable: if there is a counterclaim for revocation, you are looking at something like 12 to 15 months for a first-instance decision. The US can be slower, and the procedure is very different. You have full discovery, you may have juries. None of that exists at the UPC. From that perspective, Chinese and UPC proceedings are more similar to each other than either is to the US. The UPC is still a young court. We have to see how influential its case law will be worldwide in the long run. What we already see, at least in Germany, is a clear trend away from purely national patent litigation and towards the UPC. That is inside Europe. The global impact will develop over time. When is the UPC the most powerful tool? Rolf Claessen:Let's take the perspective of a global company. It has significant sales in Europe and in the US and production or key suppliers in China. In which situations would you say the UPC is your most powerful tool? And when might the US or China be the more strategic battleground? Aloys Hüttermann:To be honest, I would almost always consider bringing a case before the UPC. The “bang for the buck” is very good. The UPC is rather fast. That alone already gives you leverage in negotiations. The threat of a quick, wide-reaching injunction is a strong negotiation tool. Whether you litigate in the US instead of the UPC, or in addition, or whether you also go to China – that depends heavily on the individual case: where the products are sold, where the key markets are, where the defendant has assets, and so on. But in my view, once you have substantial sales in Europe, you should seriously consider the UPC. And for that reason alone I expect case numbers at the UPC to increase significantly in the coming years. A landmark UPC case: Syngenta vs. Sumitomo (composition patent) Rolf Claessen:You have already been involved in several UPC cases – and one of them together with me, which was great fun. Looking at the last 12 to 18 months, is there a case, decision or development that you find particularly noteworthy – something that really changed how you think about UPC litigation or how companies should prepare? Aloys Hüttermann:The most important UPC case I have been involved in so far is the Syngenta v. Sumitomo case on a composition patent. It has become a real landmark and was even mentioned in the UPC's annual report. It is important for several reasons. First, it was one of the first cases in which the Court of Appeal said very clearly: if you have established infringement in one Member State, that will usually be enough for a pan-European injunction covering all UPC countries designated by the patent. That is a powerful statement about the reach of UPC relief. Second, the facts were interesting. The patent concerned a composition. We had analysed a sample that had been obtained in the Czech Republic, which is not a UPC country. Later, the same product was marketed under the same name in Bulgaria, which is in the UPC. The question was whether the analysis of the Czech sample could be used as a basis for enforcement in Bulgaria. The Court of Appeal said yes, that was sufficient. Third, the Court of Appeal took the opportunity to say something about inventive step. It more or less confirmed that the UPC's approach is very close to the EPO's problem-solution approach. It emphasised that, if you want to combine prior-art documents, you need a “pointer” to do so. The mere theoretical possibility that a skilled person could dig a particular piece of information out of a document is not enough. For me personally, the most memorable aspect of this case was not the outcome – that was largely in line with what we had expected – but the oral hearings at the appeal stage. We had two hearings. In both, the presiding judge asked us a question that we had not anticipated at all. And then you have about 20 minutes to come up with a convincing answer while the hearing continues. We managed it, but it made me think a lot about how you should prepare for oral hearings at the UPC. My conclusion is: you should go in with a team, but not too big. In German we say, “Zu viele Köche verderben den Brei” – too many cooks spoil the broth. Two or three people seems ideal. One of them can work quietly on such a surprise question at the side, while the others continue arguing the case. In the end the case went very well for us, so I can speak about it quite calmly now. But in the moment your heart rate definitely goes up. The CJEU's Bosch Siemens Hausgeräte v. Electrolux decision – a real game changer Rolf Claessen:You also mentioned another development that is not even a UPC case, but still very important for European patent litigation. Aloys Hüttermann:Yes. In my view, the most important case of the last twelve months is not a UPC decision but a judgment of the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU): Bosch Siemens Hausgeräte v. Electrolux. This is going to be a real game changer for European IP law, and I am sure we have not seen the end of its effects yet. One example: someone has recently sued BMW before the Landgericht München I, a German court, for infringement of a US patent based on acts in the US. The argument is that this could be backed by the logic of Bosch Siemens Hausgeräte v. Electrolux. We do not know yet what the court will do with that, but the fact that people are trying this shows how far-reaching the decision might be. Within the UPC we have already seen injunctions being issued for countries outside the UPC territory and even outside the EU, for example including the UK. So you see how these developments start to interact. Rolf Claessen:For listeners who have not followed the case so closely: in very simple terms, the CJEU opened the door for courts in one EU country to rule on patent infringement that took place in other countries as well, right? Aloys Hüttermann:Exactly. Before Bosch Siemens Hausgeräte v. Electrolux we had what was often called the GAT/LuK regime. The basic idea was: if you sue someone in, say, Germany for infringement of a European patent, and you also ask for an injunction for France, and the defendant then challenges the validity of the patent in France, the German court cannot grant you an injunction covering France. The Bosch decision changed that. The legal basis is the Brussels I Recast Regulation (Brussels Ia), which deals with jurisdiction in civil and commercial matters in the EU. It is not specific to IP; it applies to civil cases generally, but it does have some provisions that are relevant for patents. In Bosch, a Swedish court asked the CJEU for guidance on cross-border injunctions. The CJEU more or less overturned its old GAT/LuK case law. Now, in principle, if the defendant is domiciled in a particular Member State, the courts of that state can also grant cross-border relief for other countries, under certain conditions. We will not go into all the details here – that could fill a whole separate IP Fridays episode – but one important concept is the “anchor defendant”. If you sue a group of companies and at least one defendant is domiciled in the forum state, then other group companies in other countries – even outside the EU, for example in Hong Kong – can be drawn into the case and affected by the decision. This is not limited to the UPC, but of course it is highly relevant for UPC litigation. Statistically it increases the chances that at least one defendant will be domiciled in a UPC country, simply because there are many of them. And we have already seen courts like the Landgericht München I grant pan-European injunctions for around 20 countries in a pharmaceutical case. Rolf Claessen:Just to clarify: does it have to be the headquarters of the defendant in that country, or is any registered office enough? Aloys Hüttermann:That is one of the open points. If the headquarters are in Europe, then it is clear that subsidiaries outside Europe can be affected as well. If the group's headquarters are outside Europe and only a subsidiary is here, the situation is less clear and we will have to see what the courts make of it. Does the UPC follow EPO case law? Rolf Claessen:Many patent owners and in-house counsel wonder: does the UPC largely follow the case law of the EPO Boards of Appeal, or is it starting to develop its own distinct line? What is your impression so far – both on substantive issues like novelty and inventive step, and on procedural questions? Aloys Hüttermann:On procedure the UPC is, of course, very different. It has its own procedural rules and they are not the same as at the EPO. If we look at patent validity, however, my impression is that there is “nothing new under the sun” – that was the title of a recent talk I gave and will give again in Hamburg. Substantively, the case law of the UPC and the EPO is very similar. For inventive step, people sometimes say the UPC does not use the classical problem-solution approach but a more “holistic” approach – whatever that is supposed to mean. In practice, in both systems you read and interpret prior-art documents and decide what they really disclose. In my view, the “error bar” that comes from two courts simply reading a document slightly differently is much larger than any systematic difference in legal approach. If you look at other grounds, such as novelty and added matter, the UPC even follows the EPO almost verbatim. The famous “gold standard” for added matter appears all over UPC decisions, even if the EPO case numbers are not always cited. The same is true for novelty. So the rule-based, almost “Hilbertian” EPO approach is very much present at the UPC. There is also a structural reason for that. All patents that the UPC currently deals with have been granted by the EPO. The UPC does not handle patents granted only by national offices. If the UPC wanted to deviate from EPO case law and be more generous, then many patents would never reach the UPC in the first place. The most generous approach you can have is the one used by the granting authority – the EPO. So if the UPC wants to be different, it can only be stricter, not more lenient. And there is little incentive to be systematically stricter, because that would reduce the number of patents that are attractive to enforce before the UPC. Patent owners might simply opt out. Rolf Claessen:We also talked about added matter and a recent case where the Court of Appeal was even stricter than the EPO. That probably gives US patent practitioners a massive headache. They already struggle with added-matter rules in Europe, and now the UPC might be even tougher. Aloys Hüttermann:Yes, especially on added matter. I once spoke with a US practitioner who said, “We hope the UPC will move away from intermediate generalisations.” There is no chance of that. We already have cases where the Court of Appeal confirmed that intermediate generalisations are not allowed, in full alignment with the EPO. You mentioned a recent case where a patent was revoked for added matter, even though it had been granted by the EPO in exactly that form. This shows quite nicely what to expect. If you want to predict how the UPC will handle a revocation action, the best starting point is to ask: “What would the EPO do?” Of course, there will still be cases where the UPC finds an invention to be inventive while the EPO, in parallel opposition proceedings, does not – or vice versa. But those are differences in the appreciation of the facts and the prior art, which you will always have. The underlying legal approach is essentially the same. Rolf Claessen:So you do not see a real example yet where the UPC has taken a totally different route from the EPO on validity? Aloys Hüttermann:No, not really. If I had to estimate how the UPC will decide, I would always start from what I think the EPO would have done. Trends in UPC practice: PIs, equivalents, interim conferences Rolf Claessen:If you look across the different UPC divisions and cases: what trends do you see in practice? For example regarding timelines, preliminary injunctions, how validity attacks are handled, and how UPC cases interact with EPO oppositions or national proceedings? Aloys Hüttermann:If you take the most active divisions – essentially the big four in Germany and the local division in The Hague – they all try to be very careful and diligent in their decisions. But you can already see some differences in practice. For preliminary injunctions there is a clear distinction between the local division in Düsseldorf and most other divisions. Düsseldorf considers one month after knowledge of the infringement as still sufficiently urgent. If you wait longer, it is usually considered too late. In many other divisions, two months is still viewed as fine. Düsseldorf has also been the division that issued most of the ex parte preliminary injunctions so far. Apart from one special outlier where a standing judge from Brussels was temporarily sitting in Milan, Düsseldorf is basically the only one. Other divisions have been much more reluctant. At a conference, Judge Pichlmaier from the Munich division once said that he could hardly imagine a situation where his division would grant an ex parte PI. In his words, the UPC has two types of procedure: one that is fast – the normal main action – and one that is very fast – the inter partes PI procedure. But you do not really have an “ultra-fast” ex parte track, at least not in his division. Another difference relates to amendments and auxiliary requests in PI proceedings. In one recent case in Munich the court said more or less that if you have to amend your patent or rely on auxiliary requests in a PI, you lose. Other divisions have been more flexible and have allowed auxiliary requests. Equivalence is another area where we do not have a unified line yet. So far, only the Hague division has clearly found infringement under the doctrine of equivalents and explicitly used a test taken from Dutch law. Whether that test will be approved by the Court of Appeal is completely open – the first case settled, so the Court of Appeal never ruled on it, and a second one is still very recent. Interestingly, there was another Hague decision a few weeks ago where equivalence was on the table, but the division did not apply that Dutch-law test. We do not know yet why. The Mannheim division has written in one decision that it would be desirable to develop an autonomous pan-European test for equivalence, instead of just importing the German, UK or Dutch criteria. But they did not formulate such a test in that case because it was not necessary for the decision. So we will have to see how that evolves. On timelines, one practical difference is that Düsseldorf usually does not hold an interim conference. That saves them some time. Most other divisions do hold interim conferences. Personally, I like the idea because it can help clarify issues. But you cannot safely read the final outcome from these conferences. I have also seen cases where questions raised at the interim conference did not play any role in the main oral hearing. So they are useful for clarification, but not as a crystal ball. Front-loaded proceedings and typical strategic mistakes Rolf Claessen:If you look at the behaviour of parties so far – both patentees and defendants – what are the most common strategic mistakes you see in UPC litigation? And what would a well-prepared company do differently before the first statement of claim is ever filed? Aloys Hüttermann:You know you do not really want me to answer that question… Rolf Claessen:I do! Aloys Hüttermann:All right. The biggest mistake, of course, is that they do not hire me. That is the main problem. Seriously, it is difficult to judge parties' behaviour from the outside. You rarely know the full picture. There may be national proceedings, licensing discussions, settlement talks, and so on in the background. That can limit what a party can do at the UPC. So instead of criticising, I prefer to say what is a good idea at the UPC. The system is very front-loaded and very fast. If you are sued, you have three months to file your statement of defence and your counterclaim for revocation. In my view, three months are manageable – but only if you use the time wisely and do not waste it on things that are not essential. If you receive a statement of claim, you have to act immediately. You should have a clear strategy within maybe two or three weeks and then implement it. If you change your strategy every few weeks, chances are high that you will fail. Another point is that everything is front-loaded. It is very hard to introduce new documents or new attacks later. Some divisions have been a bit generous in individual cases, but the general line is strict. We have seen, for example, that even if you filed a book in first instance, you may not be allowed to rely on a different chapter from the same book for a new inventive-step attack at the appeal stage. That can be regarded as late-filed, because you could have done it earlier. There is also case law saying that if you first argue inventive step as “D1 plus D2”, and later want to argue “D2 plus D1”, that can already be considered a new, late attack. On the other hand, we had a revocation action where the plaintiff filed about 50 different inventive-step attacks in the initial brief. The division then said: this does not work. Please cut them down or put them in a clear hierarchy. In the end, not all of them were considered. The UPC does not conduct an ex officio examination. It is entitled to manage the case and to tell the parties to limit themselves in the interest of a fair and efficient procedure. Rolf Claessen:I have the feeling that the EPO is also becoming more front-loaded – if you want to rely on documents later, you should file them early. But it sounds like the UPC is even more extreme in that regard. Aloys Hüttermann:Yes, that is true. Protective letters, inspections and the defendant's perspective Rolf Claessen:Suppose someone from a company is listening now and thinks: “We might be exposed at the UPC,” or, “We should maybe use the UPC offensively against competitors.” What would you consider sensible first steps before any concrete dispute arises? And looking three to five years ahead, how central do you expect the UPC to become in global patent litigation compared to the US and China? Aloys Hüttermann:Let me start with the second part. I expect the UPC to become significantly more important. If we have around 200 cases this year, that is a good start, but it is still very small compared to, say, 4,000 to 5,000 patent cases per year in the US and 40,000 or so in China. Even François Bürgin and Klaus Grabinski, in interviews, have said that they are happy with the case load, but the potential is much larger. In my view, it is almost inevitable that we will see four or five times as many UPC cases in the not-too-distant future. As numbers grow, the influence of the UPC will grow as well. Whether, in five or ten years, companies will treat the UPC as their first choice forum – or whether they will usually run it in parallel with US litigation in major disputes – remains to be seen. The UPC would be well equipped for that: the territory it covers is large, Europe is still an important economy, and the UPC procedure is very attractive from a company's perspective. On sensible first steps: if you are worried about being sued, a protective letter can make a lot of sense – especially in divisions like Düsseldorf, where ex parte PIs are possible in principle. A protective letter is not very expensive in terms of court fees. There is also an internal system that ensures the court reads it before deciding on urgent measures. Of course, the content must have a certain quality; a poor protective letter can even backfire. If you are planning to sue someone before the UPC, you should be extremely well prepared when you file. You should already have all important documents and evidence at hand. As we discussed, it is hard to introduce new material later. One tool that is becoming more and more popular is inspection – not just at trade fairs, where we already saw cases very early, but also at company premises. Our firm has already handled such an inspection case. That is something you should keep in mind on both sides: it is a powerful evidence-gathering tool, but also a serious risk if you are on the receiving end. From the defendant's perspective, I do not think the UPC is unfair. If you do your job properly and put a solid revocation counterclaim on the table, then the patentee has only two months to prepare a full reply and all auxiliary requests. And there is a twist that makes life even harder for the patentee than at the EPO. At the EPO the question is mainly: do my auxiliary requests overcome the objections and are they patentable? At the UPC there is an additional layer: do I still have infringement under the amended claims? You may save your patent with an auxiliary request that no longer reads on the defendant's product. That is great for validity, but you have just lost the infringement case. You have kept the patent but lost the battle. And all of this under very tight time limits. That creates considerable pressure on both sides. How to contact Prof. Hüttermann Rolf Claessen:Thank you very much for this really great interview, Aloys. Inside our firm you have a nickname: “the walking encyclopedia of the Unified Patent Court” – because you have written so many books about it and have dealt with the UPC for such a long time. What is the best way for listeners to get in touch with you? Aloys Hüttermann:The easiest way is by email. You can simply write to me, and that is usually the best way to contact me. As you may have noticed, I also like to speak. I am a frequent speaker at conferences. If you happen to be at one of the conferences where I am on the programme – for example, next week in Hamburg – feel free to come up to me and ask me anything in person. But email is probably the most reliable first step. Rolf Claessen:Perfect. Thank you very much, Aloys. Aloys Hüttermann:Thank you. It was a pleasure to be on IP Fridays again. Some of your long-time listeners may remember that a few years ago – when you were not yet part of our firm – we already did an episode on the UPC, back when everything was still very speculative. It is great to be back now that the system is actually in place and working. Rolf Claessen:I am very happy to have you back on the show.

Aujourd'hui, redécouvrez ma conversation avec Aloys, 8 ans, enregistrée début 2025 dans le cadre de ma série "Le travail vue par les enfants".

This thought-provoking book presents a radically revised version of human prehistory. In a departure from previous works in this area, which have compiled puzzling phenomena and speculative ideas, this volume - the first in a series of four - provides a coherent and conclusive framework that offers a better understanding of our collective prehistoric history. Many events from a bygone era that are often dismissed as myth or fringe theory are investigated through the lens of mathematics and the natural sciences. The result is a compelling concept that challenges entrenched beliefs and sheds new light on distant past of humanity.Adopting a multidisciplinary approach, the place of humankind in nature and the cosmos is explored. In particular, this book provides answers to the question of whether humans are solely the product of natural evolution or if genetic engineering has influenced our development. It critically reinterprets the global spread of humanity, particularly the settlement of the Americas, in light of the latest findings from field research. In addition, it examines the astonishing mathematical and scientific knowledge of ancient civilizations, which reveals how little we truly understand about prehistory. The insights presented call for a paradigm shift in how we perceive our origins and evolution. Readers seeking a deeper and more nuanced understanding of history will find this a stimulating and transformative view.Aloys Eiling was born on 2 Oct. 1952 in Reken, Germany. He graduated from Gymnasium with a focus on ancient languages and history. He later went on to study physics and astronomy. He completed his studies with a doctorate in 1981 at the University of Bochum. In his professional career, he worked for 35 years in the chemical industry. After 17 years as a laboratory and department head in Central Research, he managed global Business Units in some major chemical companies. After his retirement in 2016, he published various books using natural science to elucidate his different perspective on prehistory.https://grahamhancock.com/author/aloys-eiling/Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/earth-ancients--2790919/support.

Jacques Serais remplace Alexandre le Mer ce vendredi 10 octobre 2025. Hébergé par Audiomeans. Visitez audiomeans.fr/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.

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Heute sprechen wir mit Benjamin Ziemann über sein neues Buch "Gesellschaft ohne Zentrum". Er ist Professor an der University of Sheffield und arbeitet seit langem mit der Systemtheorie. Diese wendet er im Buch an, um zu erklären, welche Entwicklungen der Differenzierung und Fragmentierung in Deutschland zwischen 1880 und 1980 stattfanden. Wie lässt sich die Zeit des Nationalsozialismus und der Diktatur in diese Entwicklung der Ausdifferenzierung eingliedern? Darüber sprechen wir mit ihm ebenso, wie über die Systemtheorie nach Niklas Luhmann, die Erfahrungen beim Schreiben und das Rezensionswesen.Literatur:Ziemann, Benjamin: Gesellschaft ohne Zentrum. Deutschland in der differenzierten Moderne, Ditzingen 2024.Ziemann, Benjamin: Front und Heimat. Ländliche Kriegserfahrung im südlichen Bayern 1914 - 1923. Essen, 1996.Ziemann, Benjamin: Martin Niemöller. Ein Leben in Opposition. DVA, 2019.Baraldi, Claudio; Corsi, Giancarlo & Esposito, Elena: GLU. Glossar zu Niklas Luhmanns Theorie sozialer Systeme. Frankfurt suhrkamp, 1997.Bisky, Jens (2024): Die Entscheidung: Deutschland 1929 bis 1934. Reinbek: Rowohlt.Blackbourn, David (2003): The Long Nineteenth Century: A History of Germany, 1780–1918. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Evans, R.J., 2006. 'Coercion and Consent in Nazi Germany'. Proceedings of the British Academy, 151, pp. 53–81Nolzen, Armin; Kramer, Nicole (Hg.): Ungleichheiten im »Dritten Reich« Semantiken, Praktiken, Erfahrungen, Göttingen 2012.Osterhammel, Jürgen: Die Verwandlung der Welt. C.H. Beck, 2009.Plumpe, Werner: Das kalte Herz: Kapitalismus: die Geschichte einer andauernden Revolution. Berlin: Rowohlt, 2019.Plumpe, Werner: Wider die politische Romantik, in: Wilhelm Genazino (Hg.), Freiheit und Verantwortung. 95 Thesen heute, Stuttgart 2016.Raphael, Lutz (1996): Die Verwissenschaftlichung des Sozialen als methodische und konzeptionelle Herausforderung für eine Sozialgeschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts. In: Geschichte und Gesellschaft, 22 (1996), Heft 2, S. 165–193.Schlögl, Rudolf: Europas Frühe Neuzeit. Geschichte und Theorie einer Gesellschaft auf dem Weg in die Moderne, Göttingen 2025.Schlögl, Rudolf: Glaube und Religion in der Säkularisierung. Die katholische Stadt - Köln, Aachen, Münster 1700-1840 (Ancien Régime, Aufklärung und Revolution 28), München 1995.Stichweh, Rudolf: Die Weltgesellschaft. Soyiologische Analysen. Frankfurt: Suhkramp, 2000.Stolleis, Michael: Recht im Unrecht. Studien zur Rechtsgeschichte des Nationalsozialismus, Frankfurt am Main 2016 [1994].Ullrich, Volker (2024): Schicksalsstunden einer Demokratie: Das aufhaltsame Scheitern der Weimarer Republik. München: C.H. Beck.Walz, Rainer: Hexenglaube und magische Kommunikation im Dorf der frühen Neuzeit. Die Verfolgungen in der Grafschaft Lippe, Paderborn 1993.Winterling, Aloys. Systemtheorie und antike Gesellschaft, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Oldenbourg, 2024.

Le travail vu par les enfants

A demain pour ma conversation complète avec Aloys, 8 ans.Ce garçon passionnant est venu à mon micro me parler de ce qu'il imagine du travail quand il sera grand. Et de sa passion pour le tennis et l'écriture.___

Kan LEGO bære enhver franchise til nye højder? Lego Horizon Adventures, udviklet af Guerrilla Games og udgivet af Sony Interactive Entertainment, bringer Horizon-universet ind i rækken af franchises, der får en Lego-overhaling. Vi har allerede set Lego-spillene puste nyt liv i verdener som Star Wars og Harry Potter. Denne gang er det Horizon-seriens tur, hvor Aloys eventyr får et farverigt twist i en verden bygget af Legoklodser. Kan den velkendte “Lego-humor” give historien en frisk vinkel, som vi har set med tidligere franchises? Historien, der hentes fra Horizon Zero Dawn (2017), understreger Sonys dedikation til serien – med efterfølgere, MMO-planer og endda forsøg på en tv-serie, der dog aldrig blev til noget. Men spørgsmålet er: Fungerer kombinationen af Horizon-universet og Legos unikke stil? Og kan Lego Horizon Adventures byde på mere end bare en humoristisk genfortælling af Aloys rejse? Vi dykker ned i spillet og ser, om det lever op til hypen! I denne episode deltager Anders Isaksen, Kasper Hansen og Daniel Møgelhøj Tusind tak, fordi du lytter med.

Müller, Dirk www.deutschlandfunk.de, Interviews

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Aujourd'hui, je pars à la rencontre d'Aloys Le Claquin, cofondateur et codirigeant de La Belle folie, un tiers-lieu écologique dédié au loisir et à la détente dans la baie de Quiberon. Ensemble nous parlerons de nouvelles formes de tourisme, de comment habiter autrement le territoire et de toute la place que nous devrions donner au tourisme et aux loisirs dans nos vies. Pour en savoir plus sur le travail d'Aloys, je vous invite à aller sur le site Web de La Belle Folie. Et si vous voulez retrouver la lecture entamée par Aloys, il s'agissait de “Les choses précieuses” d'Astrid Desbordes et Pauline Martin. “2030 Glorieuses”, c'est le podcast qui met en avant les acteurs du monde de demain, ceux qui incarnent les utopies réalistes dont nous avons tant besoin. Ils sont des milliers en France à agir concrètement pour montrer que l'action est le meilleur remède contre le fatalisme et que, si nous agissons avec ambition et amour, la décennie des 2030 glorieuses est à portée de mains.

Welcome to the latest edition of the Fight Night Podcast with Gareth A Davies and Spencer Oliver. This week the boys looked ahead to the Day Of Reckoning and heard from Promoter Frank Warren and former heavyweight world champions Deontay Wilder and Joseph Parker. The boys were also joined in the studio by up and coming Cruiserweight Aloys Junior. Enjoy!‘Day of Reckoning', Saturday 23rd December, as part of Riyadh season, will be available live on DAZN and TNT Sports Box Office. For info on how to watch visit www.dayofreckoning.co.uk' Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

C'est l'un des métaux clé de la transition énergétique : le manganèse, utilisé dans les batteries de voitures électriques notamment. Le Gabon en est le deuxième producteur mondial, derrière l'Afrique du Sud, et a doublé sa production depuis quatre ans. L'entreprise française Eramet, qui exploite là-bas la plus grande mine de manganèse du monde en collaboration avec l'État gabonais, a annoncé le 12 novembre qu'elle prévoit d'extraire 20% de métal en plus à horizon 2026. Vue du ciel, la mine de Moanda, la plus grande mine de manganèse au monde, ressemble à une étendue noire au milieu de la verdure. Le site est exploité par une filiale d'Eramet, la Comilog, dont l'État gabonais est aussi actionnaire. La production de cette mine a presque doublé en quatre ans et va encore augmenter de 20 % environ d'ici à 2026, pour atteindre huit millions et demi de tonnes par an.Pour cela, il a fallu agrandir la mine, mais surtout investir dans le Transgabonais, l'unique ligne de train du pays.« Nous gérons également le train qui permet de transporter le minerai de la mine, qui se situe près de la frontière du Congo, jusqu'à la mer. Il transporte aussi des voyageurs et du fret. Nous avons beaucoup investi et plus que doublé sa capacité sur les quatre dernières années. Mais nous devons continuer à investir significativement », explique Christel Bories, la patronne d'Eramet.L'entreprise n'a toutefois pas dévoilé le montant précis des travaux engagés ou à venir : « C'est une voie qui n'était pas faite pour transporter du minerai avant. Elle transporte aujourd'hui le nôtre et celui de nos concurrents. On a des investissements qui sont encore significatifs sur les prochaines années, on parle de plusieurs centaines de millions d'euros ».L'activité minière représente 30% des exportations du GabonSi le Gabon produit plus de manganèse, ce n'est pas seulement à cause de l'essor des voitures électriques, explique Aloys d'Harambure, directeur exécutif de l'Institut international du manganèse : « Cette hausse de la production au Gabon est en partie liée à l'augmentation de la demande mondiale de manganèse, notamment pour les batteries de voitures électriques. Mais c'est aussi parce que dans une période où l'énergie est chère partout dans le monde, il y a un avantage pour les utilisateurs de minerai de manganèse à avoir du minerai à haute teneur en manganèse. Car cela permet de réduire la consommation d'électricité. Or quand on produit des alliages de manganèse, l'électricité est le premier coût ».Du manganèse à haute teneur, très recherché pour fabriquer de l'acier plus résistant, c'est justement ce que l'on trouve au Gabon. L'activité minière représente aujourd'hui près de 30% des exportations gabonaises, derrière le pétrole.Après le coup d'État de ce mois d'août contre Ali Bongo, l'ONG Croissance saine et environnement, que nous avons contactée, appelle à redéfinir la répartition des richesses minières pour qu'elles profitent davantage aux habitants. Son directeur Nicaise Moulombi espère des avancées sur ce point lors du dialogue national promis par le président de la transition, Brice Oligui Nguema, à partir d'avril prochain.À lire aussiIndustrie extractive: dix ans après, le Gabon fait son retour au sein de l'ITIE

Les têtes d'affiche de Denise Epoté de TV5 Monde, avec Victorien Willaume. Sur la manchette de cette édition, le Camerounais Aloys Dieudonné Koum Nkongo promoteur de l'accessibilité des soins grâce à l'innovation au Cameroun et Seydou Coulibaly qui promeut l'énergie voltaïque comme une alternative à la déforestation au Mali. 

Tijdens de Otten Innovation Cup was er ook ruimte voor een panelgesprek over innovatie in de voetbalwereld. Presentator Neal Petersen sprak samen met Ernest Faber, hoofd jeugdopleiding van PSV, Aloys Wijnker, binnen de KNVB medeverantwoordelijk voor voetbalontwikkeling en Mario Gomez, Head of Football bij Red Bull, hierover. Het ontstane beeld laat duidelijk zien hoe belangrijk innovatie is op verschillende voetbalniveaus.Zie het privacybeleid op https://art19.com/privacy en de privacyverklaring van Californië op https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Tijdens de Otten Innovation Cup sprak Neal Petersen met Aloys Wijnker, binnen de KNVB medeverantwoordelijk voor de voetbalontwikkeling. Wijnker stipt onder meer aan waarom hij en de KNVB een aantal spelregels wil innoveren die directe impact kunnen hebben op fair play.Zie het privacybeleid op https://art19.com/privacy en de privacyverklaring van Californië op https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Megaspaß oder Sündenpfuhl? In den 1920er Jahren brachte Aloys Fleischmann Freizeitrummel nach Steinebach am Wörthsee. Ein Strandbad mit Riesenwasserrutsche, Misswahlen, Partys und angeblich sehr lockeren Sitten zog die Münchner an - und überforderte die Steinebacher. Friedemann Beyer erzählt vom "Clash of Cultures" in der bayerischen Provinz.

In Folge 30 des PC Games Podcast gibt es zwei Tests und ein Special. Zunächst widmen wir uns Burning Shores. Der DLC zu Horizon: Forbidden West ist vor wenigen Tagen erschienen und erweitert Aloys zweites Abenteuer um ein neues Gebiet und etwa zehn Stunden Story. Matthias hat Burning Shores gespielt und spricht mit Chris darüber, ob der DLC für Fans des Hauptspiels eine gelungene Erweiterung oder doch nur ein Nice-to-have ist. Überdies gehen wir auch kurz auf das komplett bescheuerte Review-Bombing einiger Ewiggestriger ein. Danach bleibt Matthias auf dem heißen Podcast-Stuhl und berichtet von Star Wars: Jedi - Survivor. Das Action-Adventure erscheint zwar erst am Freitag, doch Captain Dammes hat den Titel bereits durchgezockt und erzählt daher ausführlich, aber spoilerfrei von Story, Gameplay, Verbesserungen und Technik-Mängeln. Zum Abschluss gibt es dann einen Special-Talk zu Unrecord mit Maci, Chris Fußy und Toni. Dabei diskutieren die drei PCG-Redakteure nicht nur über den strittigen Ansatz des Bodycam-Shooters, sondern gehen auch darauf ein, ob die Vision des Spiels mit dem kleinen Team dahinter überhaupt realistisch umsetzbar ist. Die Themen von Ausgabe 30: 00:00:00 - Intro, Begrüßung 00:05:03 - Test: Horizon Forbidden West: Burning Shores 00:33:05 - Test: Star Wars: Jedi - Survivor 01:04:35 - Special: Unrecord Die nächste Ausgabe des PCG-Podcast erscheint am 4. Mai 2023. Star Wars: Jedi Survivor bei Amazon kaufen: https://www.pcgames.de/podcast-JediSurvivor Habt ihr Fragen zum Podcast oder zu den darin besprochenen Themen? Oder möchtet ihr uns vielleicht allgemeines Feedback geben? Dann schreibt uns doch gerne eine Mail mit dem Betreff "PCG-Podcast" an christian.doerre@computec.de. Wir wünschen euch viel Spaß mit dem neuen PC Games Podcast! Website: http://www.pcgames.de Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/pcgames.de

Wie ist es, mit einem behinderten Bruder oder einer chronisch kranken Schwester aufzuwachsen? Kommen Geschwisterkinder beeinträchtigter Kinder immer zu kurz? Natürlich reagiert jedes Kind anders auf die besondere Situation. Doch es gibt Strategien, die Psycholog:innen immer wieder beobachten. Die häufigsten sind Loyalität, Distanzierung, soziales Engagement, Idealisierung der Situation oder Überangepasstheit, wie Dr. Waltraud Hackenberg in ihrer Studie zeigt. Viele Kinder wollen ihren Eltern keine zusätzlichen Probleme machen, weil sie merken, dass diese ohnehin schon stark gefordert sind. Umso wichtiger ist es, wie Eltern selbst mit der Situation umgehen. Die Journalistin Ilse Achilles, die selber Mutter eines Sohnes mit geistiger Behinderung und zweier Töchter ist, schreibt: „Vermitteln Mutter und Vater, dass sie eine schwer vom Schicksal geschlagene Familie sind, werden auch die Kinder ähnlich denken. Gehen die Eltern jedoch positiv und lebensbejahend mit der Behinderung um, dann ist sie in der Regel auch für die Geschwister weniger belastend.“ Leicht gesagt, doch wie funktioniert das im Alltag? Dafür haben wir mit einem Vater von zwei Söhnen und einer behinderten Tochter gesprochen. Aloys erzählt uns, wie er und seine Frau im Alltag dafür sorgen, dass auch die beiden Söhne Hobbies haben oder sich mit Freunden treffen können. Und welche Rolle die Kommunikation dabei spielt. Warum er trotzdem froh ist, dass seine Söhne ein Angebot für Geschwisterkinder nutzen, das erzählt er uns in dieser Podcast-Folge.

Dennis hat sich durch Aloys zweites Abenteuer gekämpft und nun Redebedarf. Der tapfere John stellt sich und sein Ohr zur Verfügung und spricht mit Dennis über die Höhen und Tiefen […]

2e épisode : J'peux pas dire au Monsieur c'est fermé. Fabienne, Nadia et Aloys racontent leur travail aux bains communaux ou dans de nouvelles structures associatives. Devant des besoins qui grandissent, comment garantir l'accès à l'eau pour toutes et tous ? 3e épisode : Ce qu'il faut pour sortir la tête de l'eau. Coulouko, Martin et Christelle nous racontent la réalité de se laver hors/sans/mal chez soi. Malgré les quelques douches communales qui subsistent, malgré les douches associatives qui se font plus nombreuses, les conséquences sont dramatiques. Réalisation Sophie Richelle et Pauline Bacquaert

Küpper, Moritzwww.deutschlandfunk.de, Das war der TagDirekter Link zur Audiodatei

Stories of some of our great Conventual Franciscans

Prof. Dr. Aloys Hüttermann The Unified Patent Court Will Open Doors – Everything You Need to Know – Interview with Aloys Hüttermann – IP Issues in Russia – IP Fridays – Episode 128 Profile of Prof. Dr. Aloys Hüttermann The post The Unified Patent Court Will Open Doors – Everything You Need to Know – Interview with Aloys Hüttermann – IP Issues in Russia – IP Fridays – Episode 128 first appeared on IP Fridays ®.

„Das war's“ - sagten wir uns ein wenig wehmütig vor gut 5 Jahren, als bei Aloys erstem Abenteuer, Horizon Zero Dawn, der Abspann über die Monitore flimmerte. Ja gut, ein halbes Jahr später gabs noch das DLC The Frozen Wilds als Trostpflaster, aber danach war wirklich erst einmal Pause. Jetzt endlich gibt es den Nachfolger „Horizon Forbidden West“. Und wieder geht es um Robo-Saurier, um eine postapokalyptische Welt und eine toughe Heldin. Und das ist gut so. Warum? Das erfahrt ihr in meinem nachfolgenden Gamecheck. Folge direkt herunterladen

8:00 : Comentarios de la transmisión anterior 16:10 : Spree (2020) 34:35 : The Social Dilemma (2020) 52:20 : Los conspiranoicos (de nuevo) 1:03:15 : Aloys (2016) 1:19:20 : Fracaso absoluto en relación con Crunchyroll 1:25:50 : Tercera temporada de Shingeki no Kyojin 1:35:15 : Borat Subsequent Moviefilm: Delivery of Prodigious Bribe to American Regime for Make Benefit Once Glorious Nation of Kazakhstan (2020) 2:03:50 : Bu San aka Good bye, Dragon Inn (2003)

44% des weltweiten Abfallaufkommens sind organische Abfälle. Mit neuen Behandlungsverfahren und funktionierenden Kreisläufen können diese Abfälle aber zur Verminderung des Klimawandels beitragen. Welche Herausforderungen wir lösen müssen, wie biogene Reststoffe die Kreislaufwirtschaft unterstützen können und warum trotz vieler positiver Eigenschaften Biomasse immer noch diskriminiert wird - darüber sprechen Herr Prof. Dr. Michael Nelles und Herr Aloys Oechtering im Podcast.

Aloys Mattijssen is bekend van diverse publicaties, diverse seminars en zijn cursus (day)trading. Hij heeft meer dan 25 jaren ervaring in de handel van derivaten en aandelen en stond in zijn actieve periode als beurslid geregistreerd bij DSI als “senior trader”. Aloys Mattijssen onderscheidt zich door de ervaring die is opgedaan in de professionele derivaten- en aandelenhandel. Ons uitgangspunt is: “de markt heeft altijd gelijk” en “de beurs is een afspiegeling van de maatschappij”. Door de tijd verandert onze samenleving, dus ook de manier waarop je omgaat met de financiële markten. Met andere woorden: de handelssystemen moeten flexibel zijn omdat een robuust systeem dat een bepaalde tijd goed heeft gepresteerd geen garantie geeft voor de aankomende periode.Vanuit onze ervaring doen wij continu aan research en updating van onze systemen om zo in ieder soort markt een optimaal resultaat te genereren. Ik vind het ook ontzettend leuk en waardevol om mijn inzichten met je te delen, niet alleen die van mij, maar ook van de 52 experts. Meld je aan voor de training van Pim op http://52experts.nl/ http://www.beleggen.com/training Succesvol beleggen in nog geen 10 minuten per week Meld je aan voor de gratis LIVE online training

The Dads went into full creative mode with pivotal life revealing questions in "Would You Rather....?" 2:00- What did you play? 46:50 - The News 1:19:40 - WOULD YOU RATHER.....? 1) Would you rather be Lara Crofts (tomb raider) boyfriend or Aloys (horizon zero dawn) husband? 2) Would you rather have real life - life potions or Detective mode? 3) Would you rather have Links Sword & Shield or Gears of War chainsaw-gun BUT if you have Links sword & shield you cant talk & you have to wear a stupid green hat all the time & if you have the chainsaw-gun you would be depressed? 4) Would you rather be a store owner in Skyrim or Cyberpunk 2077? 5) Would you rather be in charge of development of Nintendo, Sony or Xbox? 6) Would you rather change all your kids names to characters in a kojima game or final fantasy game? 7) Would you rather be an extra on the mario brothers movie or an extra on the street fighter live action movie? 8) Would you rather Mario brothers never existed or GTA? 9) Would you rather be a mushroom addicted italian plumber or a hyper active kleptomaniac hedgehog? 10) Would you rather have a first person VR game of Mario or Sonic? 11) Would you rather have Power, Courage or Wisdom? 12) Would you rather be a cool mullet guy that does sick one liners & shots strippers & aliens or a demon fetish space man who loves ultra violence? 13) Would you prefer to be a mark/target in assassins creed or hitman? 14) Would you rather lose your memory of every game you have ever played OR know everything about every game as if you've played them all? 15) Would you rather be an OCD pile of ever dropping blocks OR a snake that continues to eat until it destroys itself? 1:46:30 - GAMETIME - Papa - league of legends, Andy - Doom, Axe- game & watch games 2:03:26 - Retro time - saints row the third. Metal Gear Solid 2. Point Blank 3 2:19:15 - Backlog of Shame 2:29:35 - Daddy's Home. credits: Music by Javen Sanchez, Vocals & Production by Kiv Sanchez theme music: KNUCKLE contact us: 3gamerdads@tpg.com.au

In today's episode, Aloys shares his journey from his high-school days in the British IGCSE O-levels system to being President of the student body for Daystar Univeristy's Nairobi campus and CEO of Vijana Amkeni Youth Organization, a non-profit organisation that rallies youth in Africa to find solutions to various social, environmental and political causes. Beyond sharing academic advice for students navigating high school and university in Kenya, he delves into his career pursuits in politics and his passion for youth empowerment, education and social reforms. How does one juggle and maintain a balance between academics, professional development, pursuing your passions and serving your community?Tune in to hear his inspiring story and find answers to questions that you might have about your own career and educational path. As always, let us know what you thought of today's episode and tag us on Instagram to let us know where you're listening in from. You can connect with Aloys on LinkedIn and Instagram. We'd love it if you left a rating and a review on wherever you listen to your podcasts. See you on the next one! --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/akenyansexperience/message

Today is the 158th birthday of the composer Claude Debussy. The world is a better place because he was in it and still feels the loss that he has left. Opening Song: Petite Suite-Ballet by Debussy, Performed by Aloys and Alfons Kontarsky Closing Song: Sonata for Violin and Piano (first movement) by Debussy, Performed by by Kyung-Wha Chung and Radu Lupu This episode is also available as a blog post: http://waldina.com/2021/08/22/happy-158th-birthday-claude-debussy-2/ --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/waldina/message

Aloys Eiling was born on 2 Oct. 1952 in Reken, Germany. He graduated from Gymnasium with a focus on ancient languages and history. He later went on to study physics and astronomy. He completed his studies with a doctorate in 1981 at the University of Bochum. In his professional career, he worked for 35 years in the chemical industry. After 17 years as a laboratory and department head in Central Research, he managed global Business Units in some major chemical companies. After his retirement in 2016, he published various books using natural science to elucidate his different perspective on prehistory.

Face B vous emmène dans un endroit atypique, avec un petit grain de folie, puisque nous rencontrons Aloys le Claquin, co-créateur de cet endroit incroyable, niché à Ploëmel dans le Morbihan. Pensé par un trio de copains, La Belle Folie est un espace où, immédiatement, on se sent bien. Le lieu suscite plusieurs émotions : surprise, joie, bien-être, sentiment de liberté, … Et les créateurs ont pensé à tout : lorsque vous résidez ou manger à La Belle Folie, vous contribuez à un mouvement circulaire, vertueux, consommation locale et soutien aux petits et locaux producteurs !   Vous rêviez de dormir dans hébergement atypique et décalé ? Bienvenue dans Face B !

Ada update rekomendasi Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Penyakit Dalam Indonesia mengenai kelayakan vaksin COVID-19. Semua akan dibahas tuntas bersama dr. Jeffri Aloysius Gunawan, Sp.PD, CHt, seorang internist yang juga merupakan edukator kesehatan yang aktif menyuluh di Instagram @drjeffaloys.

This week marks a historical landmark....as Conor Tallon found out from Crawford art gallery curator Michael WaldronThe Widow (Mrs. Terence MacSwiney, Lady Mayoress of Cork 1920) by John Lavery is a remarkably stark portrait. Only the face and neck of its subject emerge from the background and dark clothing. Her parted red lips, brimming eyes, and flesh described in light and shadow convey dual emotions – mourning and hope.By the time this portrait was painted a century ago, in 1921, Muriel Murphy MacSwiney (1892-1982) had been catapulted onto the world stage in the aftermath of her husband's death by hunger strike. In that same year, she attended the Abbey Theatre's production of Terence MacSwiney's most prophetic play, The Revolutionist. Such was the sympathy for her loss and Ireland's independence that, in 1922, she became the first woman to be granted the freedom of New York City.Muriel had first met Terence in 1915 at the home of Aloys and Tilly Fleischmann. They married against her family's wishes on 9 June 1917, the day after she came into her inheritance, and their daughter Máire was born a year later. In her widowhood, Muriel continued her interest in left-wing politics and, in 1926, had a second daughter, Alix, with the French Marxist academic Pierre Kaan (1903-1945).In 1928, this portrait was donated by the artist along with his Sketch for the Funeral of Terence MacSwiney (1920).The Widow (Mrs. Terence MacSwiney, Lady Mayoress of Cork 1920) by John Lavery is featured in CITIZEN NOWHERE | CITIZEN SOMEWHERE: The Imagined Nation until 5 April. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Vi pratar om Covid-19 och hur pandemin påverkar kaffets resa från fält till ditt fika. Och vi har med oss gäster! Tack till våra gäster Aloys och Juan. Besök gärna deras hemsidor. https://huyemountaincoffee.com/ http://www.haciendavenecia.com/

A história de Roma, da República ao Império, exerce grande encanto sobre muitos historiadores, juristas e entusiastas da história. Para conversar conosco sobre essa temática, especialmente sobre um momento específico do Império Romano, situado no limite entre o que convencionamos chamar, para fins didáticos, de História Antiga e História Medieval, recebemos o Prof. Dr. Moisés Antiqueira (UNIOESTE). Nesse episódio Entenda como as configurações políticas do Império Romano no século IV da nossa era estavam em transformação, compreenda a mudança de sucessão dos imperadores nesse momento, imagine um grande tabuleiro contendo três imperadores romanos disputando o poder, surpreenda-se com a desconhecida história do imperador Vetranião e com os números gigantescos de mortes que a guerra civil romana causou e, mais do que isso, sinta-se instigado a saber mais com a reinterpretação do papel dos usurpadores do trono no Império Romano. Arte da Capa Publicidade Ajude nosso projeto! Você pode nos apoiar de duas formas: PADRIM  – só clicar e se cadastrar (bem rápido e prático) PIC PAY – Baixe o aplicativo do PicPay: iOS / Android Saiba mais do nosso convidado Moisés Antiqueira Academia.edu  Lattes Produção do convidado ANTIQUEIRA, Moisés. A abdicação de Vetranião (350 d.C.) e os resquícios do modelo tetrárquico. História (São Paulo), Assis/Franca, vol. 37, e2018016,    2018. Disponível em: https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-90742018000100615&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=pt DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-4369e2018016 ANTIQUEIRA, Moisés. Vetranião salvator rei publicae. História Unisinos, São Leopoldo, vol. 23, n. 1, p. 1-12, 2019. Disponível em: http://revistas.unisinos.br/index.php/historia/article/view/hist.2019.231.01 Indicações bibliográficas sobre o tema abordado Os estudos do prof. Gilvan Ventura da Silva (UFES) sobre o período indicado se encontram entre os mais importantes feitos em nosso país. Embora mais antigos, recomendo a leitura de dois artigos em particular: “A domus imperial e o fenômeno das usurpações no IV século” (1995) e “Interesses subjacentes e interesses manifestos no contexto das usurpações romanas (284-395 d.C.)”, publicados na Revista Phoînix, nos. 1 e 2, respectivamente. Os dois textos oferecem ao leitor um panorama mais amplo e didático sobre o fenômeno das usurpações durante a Antiguidade Tardia. Livros CORASSIN, Maria Luiza. Sociedade e política na Roma antiga. São Paulo: Atual, 2001. FRIGHETTO, Renan. Antiguidade Tardia. Roma e as monarquias romano-bárbaras numa época de transformações (séculos II-VIIII). Cutitiba: Juruá, 2014. VEYNE, Paul. O império greco-romano. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier, 2008. Artigos sobre Império romano e os imperadores GUARINELLO, Norberto L. Ordem, integração e fronteiras no Império Romano: um ensaio. Mare Nostrum. Estudos sobre o Mediterrâneo Antigo, São Paulo, vol. 1, n. 1, p. 113-127, 2010. Disponível em: http://www.revistas.usp.br/marenostrum/article/view/105764 DOI: https://doi.org/10.11606/issn.2177-4218.v1i1p113-127 WINTERLING, Aloys. Loucura imperial na Roma Antiga. História (São Paulo), Assis/Franca, vol. 31, n. 1, 2012. Disponível em: https://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-90742012000100003&lng=pt&nrm=iso&tlng=pt DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0101-90742012000100003 Expediente  Arte da vitrine: Augusto Carvalho; Edição:  Talk'nCast; Roteiro e apresentação:  C. A e Beraba. Como citar esse episódio Citação ABNT Fronteiras no Tempo: Historicidade #33 Política no Império Romano tardo-antigo. Locução Cesar Agenor Fernandes da Silva, Moises Antiqueira, Marcelo de Souza Silva. [S.l.] Portal Deviante, 01/09/2020. Podcast. Disponível: http://www.deviante.com.br/?p=41201&preview=true Redes Sociais Twitter, Facebook, Youtube, Instagram, SPOTIFY,  Contato E-mail: fronteirasnotempo@gmail.com Madrinhas e Padrinhos Alexandre Strapação Guedes Vianna, Alexsandro de Souza Junior, Anderson O Garcia,  André Luis Santos, Andre Trapani Costa Possignolo, Andréa Silva, Andressa Marcelino Cardoso, Artur Henrique de Andrade Cornejo, Bruno Scomparin, Carlos Alberto de Souza Palmezani, Carlos Alberto Jr., Carolina Pereira Lyon, Ceará, Cláudia Bovo, Eani Marculino de Moura, Eduardo Saavedra Losada Lopes, Elisnei Oliveira, Ettore Riter, Felipe Augusto Roza, Felipe Sousa Santana, Flavio Henrique Dias Saldanha, Iago Mardones, Iara Grisi, Isaura Helena, João Carlos Ariedi Filho, José Carlos dos Santos, Leticia Duarte Hartmann, Lucas Akel, Luciano Beraba, Manuel Macias, Marcos Sorrilha, Mayara Araujo dos Reis, Mayara Sanches, Moises Antiqueira, Paulo Henrique de Nunzio, Rafael, Rafael Alves de Oliveira, Rafael Igino Serafim, Rafael Machado Saldanha, Rafael Zipão, Raphael Almeida, Raphael Bruno Silva Oliveira, Renata Sanches, Rodrigo Raupp, Rodrigo Vieira Pimentel, Rubens Lima, Sr. Pinto, Wagner de Andrade Alves, Willian Scaquett, Willian Spengler e ao padrinho anônimoSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Aujourd’hui, Arnaud Romain lit l’article de Théo Englebert: Le Rwanda réclame l’arrestation et l’extradition d’Aloys Ntiwiragabo, publié sur Mediapart le 25 août 2020.

Aujourd’hui, Arnaud Romain lit l’article de Théo Englebert: Le Rwanda réclame l’arrestation et l’extradition d’Aloys Ntiwiragabo, publié sur Mediapart le 25 août 2020.

Horizon Zero Dawn släpptes alldeles nytt till PC och Oskar har äntligen lagt vantarna på den ultimata(?) versionen av Aloys framtida stenåldersäventyr. Detta samtidigt som Henrik tagit sig an Playstation 4-versionen. Dessutom! Massa Batman! Suicide Squad! Andra saker! Topp tre inledningssekvenser genom tiderna! Du hittar oss på massa ställen numera: Hemsida: https://www.podcastenreplay.nu Facebook-grupp: https://www.facebook.com/groups/podcastenreplay Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCXD1_xY4l5RhJ7zdhJTtUWQ Discord: https://discord.gg/4Q6Y8H Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/podcastenreplay/ Merch: https://www.podstore.se/podstore/replay/

Günther Aloys, Hannah Philomena Scheiber und Nina Gospodin führen ein Gespräch übers Leben, Kunst und den Tatendrang. Der Beitrag Episode 20: Günther Aloys Teil 4 erschien zuerst auf Kanal Fatal Podcast.

Günther Aloys, Hannah Philomena Scheiber und Nina Gospodin führen ein Gespräch übers Leben, Kunst und den Tatendrang. Der Beitrag Episode 19: Günther Aloys Teil 3 erschien zuerst auf Kanal Fatal Podcast.

Glaube und Kirche: Abendgebet vom 21. Mai mit Aloys Jousten

Günther Aloys, Hannah Philomena Scheiber und Nina Gospodin führen ein Gespräch übers Leben, Kunst und den Tatendrang. Der Beitrag Episode 18: Günther Aloys Teil 2 erschien zuerst auf Kanal Fatal Podcast.

Günther Aloys, Hannah Philomena Scheiber und Nina Gospodin führen ein Gespräch übers Leben, Kunst und den Tatendrang. Der Beitrag Episode 17: Günther Aloys Teil 1 erschien zuerst auf Kanal Fatal Podcast.

durée : 00:05:05 - Déjà debout - par : Mathilde MUNOS - Aloys Le Claquin, cofondateur et codirigeant de La Belle folie, tiers-lieu écologique dédié au loisir et à la détente dans la baie de Quiberon, est l'invité de Mathilde Munos.

Jan Mom spreekt Aloys van den Berk, kunsthistoricus en groot kenner en liefhebber van het werk van Edgar Fernhout. In Museum Kranenburgh is een overzichtstentoonstelling te zien van het werk van Edgar Fernhout (1912 -1974), met bijzondere aandacht voor de jaren waarin deze door zijn vernieuwingsdrang in de voorhoede van de Nederlandse schilderkunst opereert. De tentoonstelling is samengesteld door Rudi Fuchs, kenner en vriend van Fernhout, voormalig directeur van onder meer Stedelijk Museum Amsterdam. Nog tot en met 10 november te zien in Museum Kranenburgh.

یونابامبر ماجرای تد کزینسکی، یکی از مشهورترین بمب‌گذاران زنجیره‌ای تاریخ آمریکا   منبع : پادکست Stuff You Should Know مقاله‌ Harward and the making of Unabomber نویسنده: Alston Chase   صفورا رهبری روایت: علی بندری تدوین: امید صدیق‌فر پوستر: مجید آب‌پرور موزیک‌ها از No3sis, Inspecter, Aloys,Pink Floyd لینک‌ها: پادکست فردوسی‌خوانی پادکست بی‌پلاس صفحه‌ی ویکی‌پدیای تد کزینسکی سریال جدید تعقیب یونابامبر کانال چنل‌بی در آپارات   اسپانسرها: پونیشا /   نظرسنجی از شنونده‌های پادکست چنل‌بی

Elisabeth är tillbaka från Kalifornien och har en väska full med merchandise och historier från Blizzards årliga festival Blizzcon. Vi går igenom vad som egentligen händer i Anaheimsmässan under de två mytomspunna dagarna och vilka nyheter Blizzard hade att bjuda på inför det kommande året. Vi hinner även adressera ramaskriet runt mikrotransaktionerna i Star Wars Battlefront 2 och hur Destiny 2 står sig i längden. Bland spelen vi spelat hittar vi bland annat expansionen till Horizon Zero Dawn: The Frozen Wilds, där Elisabeth fortsatt Aloys resa till snötäckta vidder och berg. Tommy har dejtat skolflickor i Doki Doki Literature Club - något han snart får ångra då den till synes gulliga bokklubben visar sina mörka sidor. Spel som avhandlas: Diablo 3, StarCraft 2, World of WarCraft, OverWatch, HEarthstone, Star Wars Battlefront 2, Destiny 2, Horizon Zero Dawn, Doki Doki Literature Club!, Super Mario Odyssey, Assassin’s Creed: Origins

Alojzije Stepinac ou Aloys Viktor Stepinac en français (8 mai 1898 à Brezarić - proche de Krašić en Croatie - 10 février 1960 à Krašić, Croatie) est un prélat qui fut archevêque de Zagreb de 1937 à 1960 et cardinal à partir de 1952. Persécuté en raison de son opposition au communisme de Tito, il fut déclaré martyr et béatifié par le pape Jean-Paul II en 1998. Lu par : Edition Rassemblement à Son Image

UPC Procedure In-Depth Information – Interview with Aloys Hüttermann

-Resto de estrenos [01:25] -1898. Los últimos de Filipinas [04:53] -Aloys [14:43] -Animales nocturnos [21:02] -La doncella [26:58] -El perdido [33:32] -Vaiana [37:30] -Comunidad Scanners [52:15]

Smackhead School Reunion All hail our new Lizard overlord. On this week's episode, we have a rather eventful trailer watch and Question of the week. Off the shelf featured the Sophia Loren starring Two Women, Werner Herzog's volcano doc Into the Inferno and Euro depress 'em up Aloys. This week's feature presentation is Nocturnal Animals.

De Italiaanse politica Elvira Savino wil dat ouders, als er sprake is van blijvende gezondheidsschade bij hun kind, voor maximaal 4 jaar achter de tralies kunnen belanden. Savino komt met dit wetsvoorstel, nadat een jongetje van één in Italië met ernstig ondergewicht is opgenomen in het ziekenhuis. Ondergewicht dat zou zijn ontstaan door een veganistisch dieet. Of dat probleem ook in Nederland speelt en of het opleggen van je eigen overtuiging en ideologie aan je kind bij  gezondheidsrisico's strafbaar zou moeten zijn, bespreken Aloys van Rest, directeur van Defence for Children en Ronald Pot jeugdrecht-advocaat bij Bakker, Rigter & Lonterman.Pensioen bij ziekteNa twee jaar ziektewet dacht de luisteraar recht te hebben op een transitievergoeding, maar haar werkgever ontsloeg haar helemaal niet. Ze kreeg zelfs een bloemetje omdat ze 12,5 jaar in dienst was. Wat betekent dit slapende werknemerschap voor bijvoorbeeld pensioenopbouw, vraagt zij zich af. Arbeidsrechtadvocaat Maarten van Gelderen geeft advies  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Günther Aloys erzählt uns aus seinem Leben. Davon, wie er den kleinen Ort Ischgl zu einem Tourismus Hotspot gemacht hat, was ihn inspiriert und herausgefordert hat. Wir blättern gemeinsam durch sein Ideenbuch und erfahren die Geschichten hinter seinen Projekten: wie er Elton John nach Ischgl geholt hat, wie es so ist mit Paris Hilton zusammen zu arbeiten, was Bill Clinton für ihn bedeutet und was passiert ist, als der den Star-Architekten Norman Foster für ein Bauvorhaben in Ischgl begeistern konnte.

Sat, 1 Jan 1848 12:00:00 +0100 http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11191/ http://epub.ub.uni-muenchen.de/11191/1/W2Hist.2558_106.pdf Borrosch, Aloys; Kudlich, Hans; Schuselka, Franz Borrosch, Aloys; Kudlich, Hans und Schuselka, Franz: Borrosch, Kudlich und Schuselka, die treuen Volks-Vertreter. [September 1848]. [Wien]: Fridrich, 1848