Podcast appearances and mentions of Daniel Kahneman

Get the free Core Drives in the Wild guide, behavioral design applied to real products: professorgame.com/WildCD Episode Summary Rob breaks down the peak-end rule, the finding from Daniel Kahneman and Donald Redelmeier's 1996 study that people remember an experience by its most intense moment and its ending, not its average. He walks through how cruise lines engineer both moments with nightly raffle dinners, a captain's dinner placed near the end of the trip, and a deliberately overinvested farewell, mapping each to Core Drives 1, 5, and 7 from the Octalysis Framework. Listeners learn why the remembering self, not the experiencing self, drives repeat purchases, how to cap sessions while desire is still climbing, and where the ethical line sits between honest peak design and covering up a bad experience. About the Host Rob Alvarez is Head of Engagement Strategy, Europe at The Octalysis Group (TOG), a leading gamification and behavioral design consultancy. A globally recognized gamification strategist and TEDx speaker, he founded and hosts Professor Game, the #1 gamification podcast, and has interviewed hundreds of global experts. He designs evidence-based engagement systems that drive motivation, loyalty, and results, and teaches LEGO® SERIOUS PLAY® and gamification at top institutions including IE Business School, EFMD, and EBS University across Europe, the Americas, and Asia. Key Takeaways In Kahneman and Redelmeier's 1996 study, deliberately extending a painful colonoscopy so it ended on milder discomfort increased total pain, yet those patients remembered the procedure as less bad and returned for follow-ups at higher rates. The remembering self, not the experiencing self, makes the decision to come back, and it is a terrible statistician: it keeps two data points, the peak and the ending, and discards the average entirely. Cruise lines run the peak-end rule as a business model: nightly raffle dinners built on Core Drive 7 (Unpredictability and Curiosity) and Core Drive 5 (Social Influence and Relatedness) rewrite a mediocre day with a manufactured high. The captain's dinner adds Core Drive 1 (Epic Meaning and Calling) near the end of the trip, and disembarkation is deliberately overinvested because cruises live off travelers who rebook every year, not first-timers. A concrete design move: cap the session while desire is still climbing, so the last memory is "I wanted more" instead of "I was starting to get bored." The ethical line: peak-end design is honest when the peak and the ending tell the truth about the experience, and manipulative when those two moments are used to cover up an experience that was genuinely terrible. Topics Covered 0:00 — The peak-end rule and a painful paradox 1:34 — Inside Kahneman and Redelmeier's 1996 study 2:55 — Experiencing self versus remembering self 4:07 — Rob's reluctant cruise vacation 5:47 — How cruises manufacture nightly peaks 7:38 — Overinvesting in the ending on purpose 9:55 — Cap the session while it's climbing 11:26 — The ethical line of designed memories 12:11 — Diagnostics: did you design your ending? Mentioned in This Episode The peak-end rule Daniel Kahneman and Donald Redelmeier's 1996 study on patients' memories of painful medical procedures The Octalysis Framework and the 8 Core Drives Core Drives in the Wild: Professor Game Free Guide Free Resources and Get in Touch Core Drives in the Wild: Professor Game Free Guide Get Daily Value on Your Email Let's chat about your gamification project YouTube LinkedIn Instagram Facebook Start Your Community on Skool for Free Ask a question

Linda Pastam wrote a marvelous poem called “Driving West” in which these lines appear:We are the pioneersof our own histories, drawnto the horizon as if it waited just for usthe way the young are drawnto the future, the old to the past.“…the way the young are drawn to the future, the old to the past.”I need you to hold those words tightly in your hands, even though they wriggle and thrash like slippery fishes anxious to escape your unfamiliar fingers and return to the quiet darkness where they can breathe water and feel entirely at home.Hold on to those words.Dr. Roger Sperry was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1981 for his documentation of the differences between the two hemispheres of our brains.One half of your brain puts you in touch with this Present Moment in this Real World.The other half puts you in touch with the Past and the Future in that mystical – magical – hallucinatory unreliable World of Imagination.Dr. Sperry discovered that what appears to a brain divided into two halves could more accurately be described as two separate, competing brains.In his Nobel Prize acceptance speech, Sperry said,“Each brain half appeared to have its own, largely separate, cognitive domain with its own private perceptual, learning and memory experiences, all of which were seemingly oblivious of corresponding events in the other hemisphere.”Dr. Sperry later said,“Each hemisphere of the brain is indeed a conscious system in its own right, perceiving, thinking, remembering, reasoning, willing, and emoting, all at a characteristically human level, and both the left and the right hemisphere may be conscious simultaneously in different, even in mutually conflicting,mental experiences that run along in parallel.”Regardless of which half you prefer, both halves are equally important.One half of your brain puts you in touch with This world.The other half puts you in touch with Possible worlds.One half puts you in touch with the sciences.The other half puts you in touch with the arts.Now let's get back to those wriggling fish that I asked you to hold.The Future to which the young are drawn, and the Past to which the old are attracted, are different time zones in the world of imagination.The young live in the brightness of the noonday sun. The old live in the twilight and remember the light of day.Most Americans attempt to persuade each other with facts. We do this because we trust Science and we worship Mathematics, and that is why we write such terrible ads.Most of us, most of the time, trust our instincts.We trust our intuitive hearts.This is what Nobel laureate Daniel Kahneman described as System 1 or “Thinking Fast” in his book, “Thinking Fast and Slow.”Behavioral scientists estimate that roughly 90% to 95% of our daily decisions are made automatically and unconsciously using System 1 thinking.Most people don't want to admit it.In fact, most people refuse to accept it.But the scientific truth is that we make at least nine-tenths our decisions in that half of the brain where the darkwater fish glimmer effortlessly and thoughtlessly, silver and gold in the moonlight.Study the arts. Learn to win the heart.If you win the heart, the mind will follow. The mind will always create logic to justify what the heart has already decided.Roy H. WilliamsPaul Kesig uses the acronym L.O.V.E. to encapsulate his approach to sales.L is for celebrating Little wins.O is for asking Open-ended questions.V is for creating and communicating Value.E is for building an Emotional connection.Paul says that pairing love with sales strikes many people as contradictory. This is usually because their experiences with bad salespeople have taught them to truly hate the sales process.Listen in as Paul explains to roving reporter Rotbart that those who have adopted his approach have quickly discovered that L.O.V.E. really can spell success; MondayMorningRadio.com

Whoever puts the first number, the first draft, or the first design in front of the team quietly decides where everyone else ends up. This week I dig into why anchoring bias steers our estimates, redesigns, and negotiations more than we realize, and what we can do about it.Ever set out to redesign a feature and ended up with the same product wearing a fresh coat of paint?There's a good chance you got anchored before the work even started.Anchoring bias is the tendency to lean too heavily on the first piece of information we encounter when making a decision. Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman named it back in 1974, and the effect is stubborn. Their famous Wheel of Fortune study showed that even a totally random number could pull people's estimates toward it. Later research on experienced judges and real estate agents found the same pattern, even when the professionals swore the anchor hadn't influenced them at all. That denial is a big part of what makes this one so tricky.On product teams, this shows up constantly. The first draft of a PRD sets the frame every reviewer edits around. The old design becomes the gravity for the new one, and a supposed redesign quietly turns into a reskin. The first estimate in a planning meeting drags everybody else's numbers toward it.This week, on the Cognition Catalog, I walk through where anchoring comes from, why willpower and expertise barely help, and a handful of specific moves you can make to keep the first thing seen from automatically becoming the thing that wins. Give it a listen and let me know if you've caught yourself getting anchored lately.Topics:• 3:00 The Two-Week Estimate Trap• 4:45 What Is the Anchoring Effect?• 5:20 The Wheel of Fortune Experiment• 6:20 Why We Stop Adjusting Too Soon• 7:15 Even Experienced Judges Get Anchored• 8:10 The Real Estate Study• 9:00 How First Drafts Frame Everything• 9:35 Why Redesigns Turn Into Reskins• 9:55 The Status Quo Is an Anchor Nobody Chose• 10:30 Using Anchoring on Purpose• 11:25 Why Willpower Doesn't Fix It• 12:00 Five Things to Try With Your Team• 14:30 The Bottom Line—Thanks for listening! We hope you dug today's episode. If you liked what you heard, be sure to like and subscribe wherever you listen to podcasts! And if you really enjoyed today's episode, why don't you leave a five-star review? Or tell some friends! It will help us out a ton.If you haven't already, sign up for our email list. We won't spam you. Pinky swear.• ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Get a FREE audiobook AND support the show⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠• ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Support the show on Patreon⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠• ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Check out show transcripts⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠• ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Check out our website⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠• ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Subscribe on Apple Podcasts⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠• ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Subscribe on Spotify⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠• ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Subscribe on YouTube⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠• ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Subscribe on Stitcher⁠

Institutions confuse their own survival with the work of God. Dr. James Spencer and Dr. Ashish Varma close the diagnostic arc of this series with transaction, meaning the trade a person or an organization makes when preserving the platform becomes more important than the faithfulness the platform was built for. The anchor text is Jeroboam, who sets up worship at Dan and Bethel not to introduce a different god but to keep his people from traveling south. Varma's reading sharpens it: the question is whether Israel gathers around the presence of God or whether God is expected to gather around Israel. The conversation turns on how easily success gets read as approval. Spencer flags the language of institutions insisting that God needs them to be what they are now more than ever. Varma answers with Habakkuk, where God raises up Babylon in response to injustice and Babylon is still judged for how it behaves, and extends the point to a mission history in which the gospel genuinely spread through colonial expansion that was itself blessed by churches and was still indefensible. Being used is not the same as being approved. Spencer adds Nebuchadnezzar, named as God's servant and punished seventy years later, and the distinction holds: the exile was deserved, the brutality was not. What follows is uncomfortable for anyone who works in one of these places. Institutions may end because their course is run, or because they failed, or in spite of their faithfulness, and outcomes do not tell you which. Spencer, who consults with seminaries and Christian colleges, describes leaders trapped by buildings, accreditation, and systems, protecting a vehicle rather than the thing the vehicle was for. Nobody pursues a doctorate in order to preserve an institution. The question both men land on is whether the model has quietly been substituted for the mission. Resources The diagnosis guide: https://www.thinkingchristian.org/about/framework Thinking, Fast and Slow, Daniel Kahneman- amazon.com Norman Wirzba on creation and nature- amazon.com Passages referenced: Genesis 6 and 11 and 15, Deuteronomy 8, 1 Kings 12 and 17, Jeremiah, Habakkuk, John 12 Follow and subscribe Subscribe to Thinking Christian: https://episodes.thinkingchristian.org Website: https://www.thinkingchristian.org Chapters 0:00 What transaction means 2:24 Jeroboam and the shortcut 3:10 Not a different god 7:18 Why it looked legitimate 10:42 Institutional inertia 13:44 In defense of the word lucky 15:36 Habakkuk and Babylon 19:52 Spread and consequence 20:19 Kahneman on luck 22:43 Nebuchadnezzar as servant 26:50 Two theological problems 31:34 Babel and human capability 33:50 The patience of God 35:51 Institutions that simply end 39:35 Ideology defines the questions 41:34 What higher ed is protecting 43:16 Substituting the vehicle 45:38 Faithful in the moment 47:56 Repentance and repudiation 50:15 Walking beside someone bigger 53:19 What comes next in the series Discover more Christian podcasts at lifeaudio.com and inquire about advertising opportunities at lifeaudio.com/contact-us.

Lu brought the topic this week — and it's one of the most universally felt things in audio that nobody talks about directly: the feeling of not belonging in the room. Not because you don't have the skill. Not because you don't have the credits. Just because the feeling is there, and most people let it make the decision for them.The episode opens with Lu sharing what he keeps hearing in consultation calls — talented engineers at every level passing on sessions they would have handled just fine, because they didn't feel ready. Dee and Lu are direct about it: the gap between someone who is working and someone who isn't is almost never the quality of their mixing. It's almost always confidence and forward motion. They unpack what imposter syndrome actually looks like at different stages of a career — not just at the beginning, but also at the mid-level, when asking for help or shadowing someone starts to feel embarrassing in a way that holds people back just as much.From there, Dee reads from Daniel Kahneman's Thinking Fast and Slow — specifically the chapter on cognitive priming — and the episode gets genuinely fascinating. He walks through the Florida Effect study, where participants subconsciously primed with age-related words actually walked slower down a hallway without knowing it. Then the pencil experiment, where people forced into a smile by how they held a pencil in their teeth rated cartoons as funnier than those forced into a frown — without being aware their facial expression had changed at all. The implication is direct: acting calm and confident doesn't just make you look calm and confident to others. It statistically makes you feel calmer and more confident yourself.The conversation also takes an unexpected turn into money priming — how the mere presence of money-related imagery in your environment makes people measurably more independent, more self-reliant, and also more selfish and socially distant — and what that means for the environments engineers build and the mindsets they carry into sessions.It ends where it started: the feeling of not belonging is not evidence of not belonging. Send the email. Ask to sit in. Shadow the session. The only thing making the street look longer than it is, is you.SUBSCRIBE TO OUR PATREON FOR EXCLUSIVE CONTENT!⁠SUBSCRIBE TO YOUTUBE⁠Join the ‘Mixing Music Podcast' Discord!HIRE DEE KEIHIRE LU⁠HIRE JAMES⁠Find Dee Kei and Lu on Social Media:Instagram: @DeeKeiMixes @MasteredbyLu @JamesParrishMixesTwitter: @DeeKeiMixes @MasteredbyLuThe Mixing Music Podcast is sponsored by ⁠Izotope⁠, ⁠Antares (Auto Tune)⁠, Sweetwater, ⁠Plugin Boutique⁠, ⁠Lauten Audio⁠, ⁠Filepass⁠, & ⁠Canva⁠The Mixing Music Podcast is a video and audio series on the art of music production and post-production. Dee Kei, Lu, and James are professionals in the Los Angeles music industry having worked with names like Odetari, 6arelyhuman, Trey Songz, Keyshia Cole, Benny the Butcher, carolesdaughter, Crying City, Daphne Loves Derby, Natalie Jane, charlieonnafriday, bludnymph, Lay Bankz, Rico Nasty, Ayesha Erotica, ATEEZ, Dizzy Wright, Kanye West, Blackway, The Game, Dylan Espeseth, Tara Yummy, Asteria, Kets4eki, Shaquille O'Neal, Republic Records, Interscope Records, Arista Records, Position Music, Capital Records, Mercury Records, Universal Music Group, apg, Hive Music, Sony Music, and many others.This podcast is meant to be used for educational purposes only. This show is filmed and recorded at Dee Kei's private studio in North Hollywood, California. If you would like to sponsor the show, please email us at ⁠deekeimixes@gmail.com⁠.Advertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brandsPrivacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy

For Part Two in our Continual Learning mini-series, Dr. Nadav Amir of The University of Ottowa joins me and guest co-host Dr. Adam Safron of Tufts University for a trialogue on the fundamental role of goals in intelligence.Nadav draws on behavioral neuroscience, Buddhist philosopher Dharmakirti, control and information theory, and John Vervaeke's work on “relevance realization” to formally articulate what many wisdom traditions have argued for millennia: what you take to be “reality” — your world and self — is a function of goal-based representations, state descriptions and reward functions create each other, and “what is” and “what do I care about” are two sides of the same thing. You can't separate what you want from what you experience and what you are capable of. But this means that if you change your goals your reality will shift, and your sense of self with it. The opposite is also true: change the way you organize the the ineffable structure of reality into a conceptual framework, and you'll care about very different things. Thanks to the pace of change we're living through this kind of transformative experience now, so it's a good time to ask:If selves are a kind of falsification, why do we have them in the first place? Does AI need goals of its own in order to be truly intelligent?And perhaps the deepest question we ask in this episode:How if at all can we develop better frameworks for deciding what we want our intelligent machines to become — and who we want to become alongside them?Thanks to the Survival and Flourishing Fund for their support of this mini-series. If you'd like more of this kind of work in the world:✨ Support my research, writing, and podcast with a tax-deductible donation✨ Become a founding member to access my online courses, including Jurassic Worlding and How To Live In The Future✨ Hire me for public speaking or advisory work with your organization✨ Browse and buy the books we mention on the show at Bookshop.org✨ Stream and download my tunes at artist-owned music co-op Subvert.fm✨ Continual Learning theme song: “Substrate Dynamics” by Neon Chameleon✨ Learn more about how we're applying these ideas at Atlas Research Group, my team building sovereign infrastructure for collective intelligenceChapters0:00:00 Teaser0:01:48 Intro0:05:42 Who is Nadav Amir?0:08:15 Why we can't separate goals from descriptions0:15:32 The Ugly Duckling Theorem & why taxonomy is not reality0:25:07 Evolution, karma, and non-conceptual awareness0:31:04 If selfhood is wrong, when is it practical?0:34:14 Suffering without a self & the value of wrong descriptions0:38:14 Non-conceptual experience & active inference0:41:07 Multiple nested hierarchical descriptions in minds & economies0:46:07 What's missing from current approaches?0:50:09 Does greater agency mean better optimization or greater adaptability?0:57:04 Empowerment-based causal learning without a ground truth0:59:06 Intermission0:59:58 Transformative experiences & multiple levels of granularity1:05:19 No fixed models, no fixed environments1:10:55 Fundamental tradeoffs1:16:57 Reverse-engineering the centered self1:19:54 Does AI need goals to be intelligent and can we control AI if it has them?1:26:47 Does Nadav's framework pertain for all possible minds?1:32:37 Mind as a property of collectives & goals as embedded in environments1:41:33 How can Nadav's framework improve AI governance discourse?1:48:59 OutroMentioned ResourcesA Dharmakīrtian Model of Relevance Realization in Cognitive Agentsby Nadav Amir & John DunneAn exchange of letters on the role of noise in collective intelligenceby Daniel Kahneman et al.Cognitive glues are shared models of relative scarcities: the economics of collective intelligenceby Michael Levin & Benjamin LyonsReverse-Engineering The Centered Selfby L.A. Paul et al.Agency and Experience: Buddhist and Cognitive Perspectivesa Yin Cheng Conference @ PrincetonKnowing and Guessingby Satosi WatanabeOntological Laughter: Comedy as Experimental Possibility Spaceby Timothy MortonSelves as Perspectives: From Biological Life to Superintelligence and a Bodhisattva Projectby Thomas Doctor et al.What The Frog's Eye Tells The Frog's Brainby J. Y. Lettvin et al.The Center for the Study of Apparent SelvesExplore the entire open-access special issue here:And whether you read the papers or not, be sure to check out this illuminating interactive discourse map by Van Bettauer of Ideoscopic to help you navigate where these researchers agree, disagree, and point toward future study:(Long-time fans will also want to check out his re-imagined interface for AskFutureFossils.com, complete with simulated debates between my guests!) This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit michaelgarfield.substack.com/subscribe

From the archive: In this 2019 episode, Sam Harris speaks with Daniel Kahneman at the Beacon Theatre in NYC. They discuss the replication crisis in science, System 1 and System 2, where intuitions reliably fail, expert intuitions, the power of framing, moral illusions, anticipated regret, the asymmetry between threats and opportunities, the utility of worrying, removing obstacles to wanted behaviors, the remembering self vs the experiencing self, improving the quality of gossip, and other topics. If the Making Sense podcast logo in your player is BLACK, you can SUBSCRIBE to gain access to all full-length episodes at samharris.org/subscribe.

Last week I told you to stick with things. This week I want to tell you about the afternoon Daniel Kahneman sat in a room, was handed the exact information that should have made him quit, and carried on as if nothing had happened. It cost him eight years, and the thing they were building was never used. I try to work out honestly which one of us is right.Crossroads Publishing Group is my press. If you're sitting on a manuscript, a proposal, or an idea you can't shake loose, take a look at crossroadspublishing.group. And if you decide it isn't for you, that's a real answer and a good one. The difficulty in life is the choice. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit chadprevost.substack.com

My next book, Productiveness, arrives this September. It's about the difference between doing more and doing what matters, and how we lost the ability to tell them apart. I'll send the release date the day it's set. Visit https://mikevardy.com/productiveness to learn more.Logic is beautiful and it's also almost never enough. That's the tension running through this entire conversation — the idea that we want our decisions to be purely logical because it's simple and concrete, but almost no real situation in a human life actually has the structure logic requires. I've believed for a long time that reason lives somewhere in the nuanced middle between logic and emotion, and I wanted to sit down with someone who's spent a career studying exactly that boundary.Tom Griffiths is a Princeton professor and the author of the new book The Laws of Thought: The Quest for a Mathematical Theory of the Mind. If you know his earlier book, Algorithms to Live By, this one is the foundation underneath it — the deeper, denser history of how mathematics has tried, and often failed, to fully capture how minds work. We covered logic's limits, David Hume's riddle about induction, why AI systems fail in strange and "jagged" ways humans don't, and how a 200-year-old idea from George Boole ended up, several generations later, inside modern neural networks through his own great-great-grandson.Six Discussion PointsLogic only works when you already have all the information you need and the conclusion is certain — which describes almost none of the decisions we actually make as humans.Amos Tversky's early work on similarity (a horse is more "like" a camel than a camel is "like" a horse) laid the groundwork for the heuristics-and-biases research he later did with Daniel Kahneman."Productivity," in the cognitive science sense, means a system's ability to generate something genuinely new — which is closer to creativity than to output.David Hume's riddle of induction shows we can't logically justify assuming the future will resemble the past — we simply have a habit of expecting it to.AI systems demonstrate "jagged intelligence": strong on one problem, mysteriously weak on the problem right next to it, because they arrive at solutions through a completely different process than human brains do.Reading old, "outdated" books remains valuable specifically because they capture the right questions — not just today's most efficient answers.Three Connection PointsThe Laws of Thought by Tom GriffithsAlgorithms to Live By by Tom Griffiths and Brian ChristianStop Managing Your Time, Start Crafting Your Time InsteadIf there's one thing to sit with after this conversation, it's that fuzziness isn't a flaw in how we think — it's often the most accurate description available. Tom's book gives you the historical throughline for why that's true, and honestly, it's a book you want to take your time with, not tear through. Give it the same patience the ideas in it deserve.Your inbox is a receiving dock, not a warehouse. Three moves, seconds a message, and only what needs you today is left standing. That's the promise of The 10 Second Inbox. Get it at https://mikevardy.com/10secondinbox today.

Ep 300 Peacewarts Social Chemistry 101 - The Cracked Cauldron (Orientation & Class 1) We open the Department of Social Chemistry with an orientation on the alchemy of connection and the dangers of the toxic brew of righteousness. We explore how high-stress biology narrows human perception through the auditory gate and tunnel hearing. Using the contrast between the 1853 Crimean Crisis and the 1896 Battle of Adwa, we examine how to stabilize volatile reactions by addressing biology before logic. Homework: Look up the term auditory gating and its relation to stress. Write down one question about any of this episode's topics. If you don't have a question, write 'no question.' Optional: Journal about a personal experience with tunnel hearing or perception narrowing. Books: If you'd like to read more on this subject, some book suggestions are Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman, an essential landmark work detailing how high-arousal stress causes cognitive narrowing and shifts processing away from logical analysis, and The Chemistry of Connection by Judith E. Glaser, an insightful exploration of how neurochemistry dictates social trust, communication barriers, and relational stability under pressure. Learning Topics: The Alchemy of Connection; Empathy as a Scientific Tool; The Auditory Gate and Tunnel Hearing; The Trap of the Toxic Brew; The 1853 Crimean Crisis; The Battle of Adwa (1896). Join the Community / Get the Books: www.AvisKalfsbeek.com Podcast Music: Javier Peke Rodriguez “I am late, madame Curie” https://open.spotify.com/artist/3QuyqfXEKzrpUl6b12I3KW

The Learning Leader Show with Ryan Hawk www.LearningLeader.com This is brought to you by Insight Global. If you need to hire one person, hire a team of people, or transform your business through Talent or Technical Services, Insight Global's team of 30,000 people around the world has the hustle and grit to deliver. My Guest: Jack Raines is a writer and investor. At 24, he quit his corporate finance job at UPS, bought a one-way ticket to Barcelona, and spent the next year traveling through 25 countries while writing a newsletter that grew to hundreds of thousands of readers. He went on to earn an MBA from Columbia, help build Sherwood News at Robinhood, and join the venture capital firm Slow Ventures, where he invests in creators. His first book, Young Money: A Field Guide to Finding Wealth and Purpose in Your Twenties, is out now. Key Learnings Jack's Grandma Ruth took him to Africa when he was 11. She was in her late 60s. She had the money. She said: "I can spend it on you now or leave it to you when I'm dead. This is better." Money has no value until you exchange it for something. We need to decide what we want that to be. Every year of your 20s is worth $10 million. (Nikita Bier) You'll never have this window of flexibility again. Say yes to interesting experiences in your 20s. Your income is going to climb exponentially anyway. Don't save $500 at the cost of a memory. Move to where the action is. Jack moved to New York for business school. Then San Francisco for a job. Then back to New York. High slope of learning. High slope of contact with good people. Network amplifies ability. It doesn't create it. A million times zero is still zero. A million times two is two million. The only real risk is not doing anything. Every opportunity in life comes through a person. The best networking tool is doing great work. How did Gracie Abrams open for Taylor Swift on the Eras Tour? She wrote great music. Taylor noticed. Taylor called. In your 20s, potential is valued at a premium. In your 30s and beyond, proof of work matters more. Experimenting when you are young speed-runs the learning curve. You develop the skill of taking shots. That skill compounds.  It's much harder to start being risk-on at 35 if you weren't risk-on at 25. Personal finance is simple. Spend less than you make. Build a six-month emergency fund. Take the 401(k) match. Contribute to your IRA. Don't gamble on individual stocks. Stay invested. Stay employed. Don't go into credit card debt. Don't get divorced. User error interrupts compounding more than anything else. Set up the boring foundation. Then stop touching it. Most retirees never touch the principal. (Nick Maggiulli) They stack money out of fear, then die with more than they started with. Daniel Kahneman on loss aversion: the pain of losing $100 is twice as strong as the joy of gaining $100. That's why people over-save. Your burn rate at 70 is way lower than at 45. No kids at home. No tuition. Less energy to do stuff. Plan accordingly. Bill Perkins' Die with Zero philosophy... A useful insight was in the first chapter: his best friend took a payday loan at 23 to backpack Europe for three months. Same career trajectory as Bill. Just way more fun at 24. People don't want to think about their mortality. So they focus on making the number go up. If you actually internalized that you're going to die, you'd be more intentional about your time and money. Jack's champagne moment a year from now: He sells a ton of copies of it. And it's still relevant. Reflection Questions Where are you spending your best years earning money you'll never actually enjoy? What would change if you accepted that your peak-energy window is closing? Where are you standing still because the risk of moving feels bigger than the risk of staying? What does the only real risk (not doing anything) look like in your life right now? What is the great work you could do that would make the right person notice you?  More Learning #539: Jack Raines - Playing Infinite Games, Living Life Backwards & Building Your Platform #548: Nick Maggiulli - The Power of Compounding #373: Bill Perkins - How To Get All You Can From Your Money & Your Life Podcast Chapters 00:00 The Price of Becoming - Pre-Order Now!  01:38 Meet Jack Raines  03:27 Grandma Ruth Took Him to Africa When He Was 11  08:04 Why Every Year of Your 20s Is Worth $10 Million  12:12 Quitting UPS at 24 for a One-Way Ticket to Barcelona  15:10 How to Increase Your Surface Area for Luck  20:00 Where You Live Is Who You Become  22:00 Why Memories Compound Faster Than Money  26:23 The Financial Stability Basics Nobody Wants to Hear  29:00 Get the Boring Stuff on Autopilot  31:15 Why Retirees Never Touch the Principal  34:02 The Bad Trade of Saving During Your Best Years  37:36 The Bill Perkins Die With Zero Debate  39:15 Experimentation, Agency, and the Only Real Risk  42:53 The Best Networking Tool in the World: Do Great Work  44:10 The Champagne Question: Making the Book Matter a Year From Now  45:53 EOPC

In this episode, theoretical neuroscientist Vivienne Ming discusses her new book, Robot Proof - When Machines Have All the Answers, Build Better People.  The conversation examines the intersection of artificial intelligence and knowledge work, exploring how professionals can adapt to an increasingly automated economy. The discussion contrasts the limitations of basic AI task automation with the advantages of human-AI collaboration—the "cyborg" model—for solving complex, ill-posed problems. Ming highlights her research on forecasting market outcomes, the critical role of endogenous motivation, and how the legal industry and other elite professions must rethink entry-level training. Key Topics Discussed Theoretical Neuroscience and Early AI: Ming's background and the evolution of machine learning models from early academic research to modern agentic AI. The Polymarket Experiment: An analysis comparing the forecasting accuracy of standalone AI, unassisted humans, and human-AI collaborators, revealing the superiority of deep human-machine integration. Automation vs. Augmentation: The pitfalls of the traditional "human-in-the-loop" model and why replacing menial tasks often neglects essential human problem-solving skills. Well-Posed vs. Ill-Posed Problems: Identifying the specific areas where AI excels (algorithmic, factual answers) and where human intelligence remains superior (navigating uncertainty and undefined parameters). Labor Disruption and Economic Shifts: Examining historical technological revolutions, the Jevons paradox, and the future demand for specific, highly adaptable human skill sets. Endogenous Motivation: How internal drivers like curiosity, resilience, and perspective-taking predict professional success more accurately than standard extrinsic incentives. Practical AI Strategies: Actionable methods for professionals to refine their skills, including using AI as a critical "nemesis" to challenge assumptions and encourage deep, effortful processing. The Future of Elite Professions: The macro-level challenges facing organizations in developing junior talent—such as associate attorneys—when the entry-level tasks traditionally used for training are automated. Things We Talk About in this Episode Socos: Vivienne Ming's philanthropy and research newsletter (socos.org). Thinking, Fast and Slow: Authored by Daniel Kahneman. Anthropic Research: A study published in Science detailing the productivity of AI-assisted programmers. BCG AI Study: Research analyzing AI integration and performance among management consultants. Raj Chetty: Economic research regarding peer role modeling, education, and socioeconomic mobility.  

This is A Fan Favorite Rerun Episode I had an incredible conversation with Chris Voss, a former FBI hostage negotiator, in this week's episode of Successful with ADHD. Chris shared so many valuable insights on communication, empathy, and understanding - topics that are very relevant for the ADHD community.Chris is a former Lead FBI Negotiator and dynamic speaker who debunks the biggest myths around negotiation. Chris engages all groups with captivating stories, insights, and useful tips for business and everyday life. Chris has lectured on negotiation at business schools across the country and has been seen on ABC, CBS, CNN, and Fox News. Chris has also been featured in Forbes, Time, Fast Company, and Inc. Chris's Keynotes are based on his book Never Split The Difference©.Episode Highlights:[01:06] – Starstruck by my guest Chris Voss and why his book means so much to me and my husband.[02:48] - Chris emphasizes the importance of listening and paying attention to more than just words in a conversation.[03:50] - Strategies Chris suggests for people with ADHD to improve focus when listening intently.[06:37] - How turning communication into a "game" can help capture wandering attention.[08:39] - The challenges of reading body language accurately via video calls compared to in-person interactions.[10:00] - Tips for maintaining engagement and energy on long video calls.[11:05] - Using the "mirroring" technique to bring attention back to key points you may have missed.[13:52] - Why some personalities may not enjoy being "mirrored" and prefer different approaches.[17:22] - The strategic use of apologies before interruptions or assertions.[19:10] - Why apologies shouldn't necessarily be seen as a sign of weakness.[20:10] - Whether communication tactics can be used effectively when both parties are aware of them.[21:33] - Chris explains prospect theory and loss aversion based on the work of Daniel Kahneman.[25:14] - The importance of empathy and appreciation when using the powerful tool of invoking loss.[26:34] - The benefits of handwriting over typing for memory retention and focus.[29:49] - Practicing mental hygiene to counter our innate negativity bias.[32:33] - Tuning into emotions rather than words when listening.[35:33] - Paying attention to the "emotional timeline" based on the type of feelings being expressed.[36:01] - Strategies for bridging disagreements by ensuring people feel truly heard.[40:03] - Thoughts on reducing conflict through understanding and empathy for all sides.[40:56] - Whether world peace can ever be achieved.[43:13] - The importance of making people feel heard in communication.Connect with Chris Voss:•Black Swan Ltd - Chris Voss's company website: www.blackswanltd.com•The Edge weekly email newsletter - get free negotiation tips from Chris•Never Split the Difference - Chris's bestselling bookI loved diving into so many facets of communication and empathy with an expert like Chris. Let me know if you found this episode valuable by leaving a review! And don't forget to follow along on social media @coachingwithbrooke. See you next time!

What would Dee Kei and Lu actually do if they had to start their music careers completely over today — same age, same responsibilities, but zero industry knowledge, zero connections, and zero credits? That's the question at the center of this episode, and the answers get surprisingly deep.The conversation starts practical: Lu makes the case for going straight to the top and finding the most credible working professional you can — shadowing, interning, and learning how the industry actually moves before spending a dime on gear. Dee adds his own counterpoint, arguing that hands-on reps with real people, even local ones, build something an internship can't always give you early on. The two go back and forth on the internship vs. DIY debate in a way that's genuinely useful for anyone trying to figure out where to start.But the episode goes further than tactics. Dee pulls from Thinking Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman to break down how self-control, delayed gratification, and the ability to focus attention are more predictive of long-term success than raw intelligence — and what that means for how you show up in the early days of your career. They also get into the fatherhood premium, what motivation looks like when the stakes are real, and why community college might be one of the most underrated networking moves for someone starting over in their 30s.The episode closes on something more philosophical: the difference between genuinely wanting a career in music and just thinking you should have one — and why knowing that distinction early could save you years of wasted energy or redirect you toward something even more sustainable.Whether you're 19 with a laptop and a dream or 35 reconsidering your path, this episode will challenge how you think about starting.SUBSCRIBE TO OUR PATREON FOR EXCLUSIVE CONTENT!⁠SUBSCRIBE TO YOUTUBE⁠Join the ‘Mixing Music Podcast' Discord!HIRE DEE KEIHIRE LU⁠HIRE JAMES⁠Find Dee Kei and Lu on Social Media:Instagram: @DeeKeiMixes @MasteredbyLu @JamesParrishMixesTwitter: @DeeKeiMixes @MasteredbyLuThe Mixing Music Podcast is sponsored by ⁠Izotope⁠, ⁠Antares (Auto Tune)⁠, Sweetwater, ⁠Plugin Boutique⁠, ⁠Lauten Audio⁠, ⁠Filepass⁠, & ⁠Canva⁠The Mixing Music Podcast is a video and audio series on the art of music production and post-production. Dee Kei, Lu, and James are professionals in the Los Angeles music industry having worked with names like Odetari, 6arelyhuman, Trey Songz, Keyshia Cole, Benny the Butcher, carolesdaughter, Crying City, Daphne Loves Derby, Natalie Jane, charlieonnafriday, bludnymph, Lay Bankz, Rico Nasty, Ayesha Erotica, ATEEZ, Dizzy Wright, Kanye West, Blackway, The Game, Dylan Espeseth, Tara Yummy, Asteria, Kets4eki, Shaquille O'Neal, Republic Records, Interscope Records, Arista Records, Position Music, Capital Records, Mercury Records, Universal Music Group, apg, Hive Music, Sony Music, and many others.This podcast is meant to be used for educational purposes only. This show is filmed and recorded at Dee Kei's private studio in North Hollywood, California. If you would like to sponsor the show, please email us at ⁠deekeimixes@gmail.com⁠.Advertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brandsPrivacy & Opt-Out: https://redcircle.com/privacy

Get the 200+ Page Optimal Living Daily Workbook (PDF) — Free. Want to turn today's episode into an actionable plan? Join the Optimal Living Weekly newsletter and I'll send you our 200-page digital workbook immediately. It's packed with the best takeaways from the show, formatted for easy reading and implementation at home. Get your free PDF workbook here: ⁠⁠https://oldpodcast.eo.page/join⁠ Discover all of the podcasts in our network, search for specific episodes, get the Optimal Living Daily workbook, and learn more at: OLDPodcast.com. Episode 4088: Stephen Warley argues that replacing goals with intentions can reduce anxiety and create more lasting personal change by shifting the focus from chasing temporary outcomes to building habits that support how you want to feel every day. Through personal stories and practical examples, he shows why intentions encourage curiosity, flexibility, and fulfillment while helping you stay motivated regardless of the final result. Read along with the original article(s) here: https://lifeskillsthatmatter.com/stop-making-goals-set-intentions/ Quotes to ponder: "Goals are hits of sugar that make you feel a temporary high. Intentions are wholesome meals that make you feel satisfied all the time." "Goals feel like an obligation. Intentions feel like an invitation to explore." "Chasing goals makes you feel like you are never enough. Intentions empower you to be yourself." Episode references: Daniel Kahneman and Angus Deaton – High income improves evaluation of life but not emotional well-being: https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1011492107 Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Get the 200+ Page Optimal Living Daily Workbook (PDF) — Free. Want to turn today's episode into an actionable plan? Join the Optimal Living Weekly newsletter and I'll send you our 200-page digital workbook immediately. It's packed with the best takeaways from the show, formatted for easy reading and implementation at home. Get your free PDF workbook here: ⁠⁠https://oldpodcast.eo.page/join⁠ Discover all of the podcasts in our network, search for specific episodes, get the Optimal Living Daily workbook, and learn more at: OLDPodcast.com. Episode 4088: Stephen Warley argues that replacing goals with intentions can reduce anxiety and create more lasting personal change by shifting the focus from chasing temporary outcomes to building habits that support how you want to feel every day. Through personal stories and practical examples, he shows why intentions encourage curiosity, flexibility, and fulfillment while helping you stay motivated regardless of the final result. Read along with the original article(s) here: https://lifeskillsthatmatter.com/stop-making-goals-set-intentions/ Quotes to ponder: "Goals are hits of sugar that make you feel a temporary high. Intentions are wholesome meals that make you feel satisfied all the time." "Goals feel like an obligation. Intentions feel like an invitation to explore." "Chasing goals makes you feel like you are never enough. Intentions empower you to be yourself." Episode references: Daniel Kahneman and Angus Deaton – High income improves evaluation of life but not emotional well-being: https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1011492107 Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Get the 200+ Page Optimal Living Daily Workbook (PDF) — Free. Want to turn today's episode into an actionable plan? Join the Optimal Living Weekly newsletter and I'll send you our 200-page digital workbook immediately. It's packed with the best takeaways from the show, formatted for easy reading and implementation at home. Get your free PDF workbook here: ⁠⁠https://oldpodcast.eo.page/join⁠ Discover all of the podcasts in our network, search for specific episodes, get the Optimal Living Daily workbook, and learn more at: OLDPodcast.com. Episode 4088: Stephen Warley argues that replacing goals with intentions can reduce anxiety and create more lasting personal change by shifting the focus from chasing temporary outcomes to building habits that support how you want to feel every day. Through personal stories and practical examples, he shows why intentions encourage curiosity, flexibility, and fulfillment while helping you stay motivated regardless of the final result. Read along with the original article(s) here: https://lifeskillsthatmatter.com/stop-making-goals-set-intentions/ Quotes to ponder: "Goals are hits of sugar that make you feel a temporary high. Intentions are wholesome meals that make you feel satisfied all the time." "Goals feel like an obligation. Intentions feel like an invitation to explore." "Chasing goals makes you feel like you are never enough. Intentions empower you to be yourself." Episode references: Daniel Kahneman and Angus Deaton – High income improves evaluation of life but not emotional well-being: https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1011492107 Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Cet été, Émotions (au travail) prend des vacances. Mais pendant ce temps-là, découvrez chaque semaine un épisode du podcast Émotions qui résonne particulièrement avec notre vie professionnelle.Cet épisode a été initialement diffusé le 5 janvier 2026 sur le flux ÉmotionsLa nouvelle année commence, et on veut changer sa vie pour la rendre meilleure. Est-ce qu'il vaut mieux opter pour les bonnes vieilles résolutions, ou prendre de grandes décisions pour changer carrément de direction ? Trancher rapidement et nettement, un peu comme un pansement qu'il faut retirer d'un coup sans laisser trop de place à la peur ? Est-ce qu'il vaut mieux peser le pour et le contre ou faire enfin confiance à son intuition ?Pour répondre à ces questions, Marie Misset fait appel au psychologue du travail Adrien Chignard, qui s'est penché sur la question des changements de trajectoire et qui a coordonné l'ouvrage Burn Out. Des histoires vécues pour le prévenir, l'éviter, s'en sortir. Elle interroge également le psychiatre Frédéric Fanget, auteur du livre Oser. Thérapie de la confiance en soi, et l'économiste Olivier Sibony, professeur à HEC et à Oxford, notamment co-auteur de Noise. Pourquoi nous faisons des erreurs de jugements et comment les éviter avec le prix Nobel d'économie Daniel Kahneman. À travers les témoignages de Sarah, Lize et Vianney qui ont changé de vie du jour au lendemain, elle questionne les notions d'intuition et d'impulsion, la théorie du step by step, notre propre expertise sur nous-mêmes, notre rapport au risque et les biais cognitifs avec lesquels nous devons composer.Pour aller plus loin : L'article “The Art of Decision-Making” de Joshua Rothman paru dans le New Yorker L'article d'Audrey Parmentier sur les “repentis de la reconversion professionnelle” paru dans Le MondeEt si vous ne savez pas quoi écouter ensuite, on vous suggère l'épisode "Peut-on être sûr·e d'avoir pris la bonne décision ?"Si vous aussi vous voulez nous raconter votre histoire dans Émotions, écrivez-nous en remplissant ce formulaire ou à l'adresse hello@louiemedia.comÉmotions est un podcast de Louie Media. Marie Misset a tourné, écrit et monté cet épisode. La réalisation sonore est de Guillaume Girault. Le générique est réalisé par Clémence Reliat, à partir d'un extrait d'En Sommeil de Jaune. Elsa Berthault est en charge de la production.Publicités et Partenariats : creative@louiemedia.comPour avoir des news de Louie, des recos podcasts et culturelles, abonnez-vous à notre newsletter en cliquant ici. Vous souhaitez soutenir la création et la diffusion des projets de Louie Media ? Vous pouvez le faire via le Club Louie. Vous pouvez aussi vous abonner à Louie+ sur Apple Podcasts pour écouter les épisodes sans publicités et nos séries en avant-première. Chaque participation est précieuse. Nous vous proposons un soutien sans engagement, annulable à tout moment, soit en une seule fois, soit de manière régulière. Au nom de toute l'équipe de Louie : MERCI !Suivez Émotions sur Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Deezer.Suivez Louie Media sur Instagram, Facebook, et YouTube.Mots-clés : décisions - changements de vie - psychologie - émotions - choix de vie Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

John continues his conversation with Don Weber. They dig into body language, how to tell if someone is comfortable or stressed, and why leaders must learn to really listen and watch for small signals in people's faces and behavior. Don also shares some simple habits for better communication. In the previous episode, Don shared how he unexpectedly entered the world of intelligence, the dangers he faced, the lessons he learned about trust, motivation, and human behavior, and why communication is one of the most important skills anyone can develop. Listen to this episode to learn more: [00:00] - Why body language is an underused communication skill [03:05] - "If somebody pauses, they're lying." [05:50] - Why leaders need to understand body language and micro-expressions [07:54] - The best source of information [08:28] - Essential components of great communication [10:14] - You don't always have to speak [12:40] - Why so many people are bad at communication [14:12] - Customer service with AI [15:20] - Role of faith in Don's work and business   [18:49] - "I was wrong" vs. "I'm sorry" [20:05] - Don's time in intelligence work was very dangerous [22:30] - PTSD-like effects Don had to deal with [23:15] - Is there a book coming? [25:04] - What success really means [26:42] - #1 daily habit [29:27] - Traits of a great leader [31:09] - Best way to connect with Don [34:28] - Wrap-up NOTABLE QUOTES: "If we just learn to love, love your neighbor as yourself, just the Golden Rule: treat others the way you want to be treated, we'd live in such a paradise. It would be such a better world." "If you want to get your agenda across, if you want to get something done, you're not going to do it fighting; you're going to get it done through collaboration." "A great leader can't do everything themselves. They need people to do it, and you've got to be able to delegate to the right people. So, you have to be very good at reading character and choosing the right people to do your work." "If you don't have the bad, you don't have anything to compare from. If you've only had it good, you have nothing to compare it to." "If you want to change your emotions, the quickest way is to change your body. Take care of your physiology, and that should help take care of your emotions." "You have freedom of speech, but I think it's a lot smarter to think about what you're going to say before you say it." "Do what you say you're going to do, even if people don't like it." BOOK MENTIONED: Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman (https://a.co/d/06NodgCe) USEFUL LINKS: https://drwebercoaching.com/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/don-weber/ https://www.instagram.com/drweberspeaks/ https://www.facebook.com/DRWeberPerformance https://www.youtube.com/@drweberspeaks https://linktr.ee/drwebercoach CONNECT WITH JOHN Website - https://iamjohnhulen.com    LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/in/johnhulen Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/johnhulen    Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/johnhulen    X - https://x.com/johnhulen    YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCLX_NchE8lisC4NL2GciIWA    EPISODE CREDITS Intro and Outro music provided by Jeff Scheetz - https://jeffscheetz.com/ 

In this special Books episode of Breakthroughs, five HEC Paris academics share the works that nudged, shook or sharpened the way they think about research: Seungah Sarah Lee with Imagined Communities by Benedict Anderson; Olivier Darmouni with Abundance by Ezra Klein and Derek Thompson; Quirin Fleckenstein with Predictably Irrational by Dan Ariely; Michelangelo Rossi with Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman and The Power of Experiments by Michael Luca and Max Bazerman; and Brian Hill with Debt: The First 5,000 Years by David Graeber. From nationalism and public capacity to behavioral economics, experiments and the human stakes of exchange, the episode is a reminder that research sometimes begins when a book makes a familiar question feel strange again. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In the final episode of our Robert Cialdini series, we explore the extraordinary legacy of one of behavioral science's most influential thinkers. We revisit the seven Principles of Influence through real-world business examples, hear how Cialdini's ideas inspired organizations around the world, and learn why colleagues like Angela Duckworth, Adam Grant, Dan Pink, and Katie Milkman believe his greatest contribution goes far beyond research. Join us as we celebrate the ideas and the person who helped shape modern behavioral science. Topics [0:00] From Utility Bills to Global Impact [9:17] Full Cycle Social Psychology Explained [16:00] Why Business Became a Partner in Behavioral Science [22:47] The Seven Principles in Action [30:20] Behavior Change for Good and Real-World Research [45:49] The Ethical Compass Behind Influence [52:39] Why Influence Still Matters Today [58:02] A Career That Changed Behavioral Science [1:04:08] Daniel Kahneman on Cialdini's Legacy [1:08:04] Closing Thoughts ©2026 Behavioral Grooves Links Join us on Substack! Join the Behavioral Grooves community Subscribe to Behavioral Grooves on YouTube Support Behavioral Grooves

Ethical persuasion expert Patrick Van Der Burght reveals why most business "nos" are really indecision in disguise, and how entrepreneurs can turn hesitation into a yes. In this episode of Play Big Faster, Patrick, a Cialdini Institute founding member with 25+ years training persuasion science, breaks down Daniel Kahneman's System One and System Two thinking behind why up to 95% of decisions happen on autopilot. You'll learn the seven universal principles of persuasion, how reciprocity and unity build trust, why social proof works best when testimonials mirror your audience, the authority mistake most business owners make, and a scarcity tactic that can double response rates. Watch the full conversation with Patrick Van Der Burght now on Play Big Faster.

AI is changing how leaders think, decide, and work with their teams. But as John Cutler points out in this conversation, the real shift is not simply about faster answers or more productivity. It is about becoming more aware of the judgment systems we already use, often without noticing.In this episode of the Unlearn Podcast, I'm joined again by John Cutler, product thinker, systems explorer, and Head of Product at Dotwork. We explore how AI can help leaders expose their thinking, pressure test decisions, and build stronger team judgment, while also making it easier to accelerate poor habits, shallow work, and false confidence.John shares practical examples from product prioritization, survey design, objection handling, and team collaboration to show where AI can genuinely improve decision quality. We also get into the tradeoffs: why AI can make work feel like “hard mode,” why downtime still matters, and why intentionality is becoming one of the most important leadership skills in this moment.Key TakeawaysAI exposes how leaders make decisions: AI tends to amplify the decision system already there. When a leader's thinking is clear, AI can help make it visible and reusable; when it is vague, AI can make that vagueness move faster.Judgment is built differently depending on the situation: John explains that some judgment comes from repetition and tacit pattern recognition, while other judgment develops through coaching, discussion, and working alongside people with more experience.AI can help turn intuition into something teams can use: John's example of documenting his product prioritization heuristic shows how AI can help make internal judgment concrete. The value comes from helping others understand why certain decisions matter, not just what the decision is.Better AI use starts with knowing what you know: John contrasts product prioritization, where he has deep experience, with survey design, where he knows there is established expertise to draw from. The skill is recognizing whether AI should extend your own judgment or help you borrow from a domain expert.Teams using AI well can raise decision quality: Barry shares how AI can help teams pressure test assumptions, run scenarios, and ask disconfirming questions without losing momentum. The real advantage comes when AI strengthens collaboration rather than replacing it.AI can also accelerate bad instincts: John warns that AI can make poor thinking look polished. A team can paste AI onto an existing process and call it transformation without changing how decisions are actually made.Intentionality matters more than productivity: AI can reduce friction, but it can also remove the pauses where judgment forms. Leaders need to design space for reflection, not just optimize for more output.Additional InsightsIndividual metacognition: This is understanding how you think and make decisions. John's examples show that leaders get more value from AI when they can first make their own judgment system visible.Social metacognition: This is understanding that other people think, perceive, and engage differently. AI becomes more useful when it supports the conversation between people instead of flattening everyone into the same process.Computational metacognition: This is understanding what LLMs are good at, where they fail, and how to work with them responsibly. John argues that leaders need this skill so they know when to trust AI, when to challenge it, and when to bring in human expertise.Objection handling as a repeatable system: John's team did not ask AI to create a generic sales guide. They role-played real objections, captured the discussion, compared their responses against best practices, and turned that into a system that could review future calls.The deeper lesson: AI becomes more useful when it is connected to real work, real context, and a team's actual judgment. Without that grounding, it risks creating more output without improving the quality of decisions.Episode Highlights00:00 – Episode RecapJohn Cutler opens with a story about how judgment often comes from repetition and tacit signals, not neat frameworks. The episode explores what happens when AI starts making those hidden decision systems visible.02:02 – Guest Introduction: John CutlerBarry welcomes back John Cutler, product thinker, systems explorer, and Head of Product at Dotwork, for a conversation about judgment, decision making, and collaboration in the age of AI.04:59 – How Judgment Gets BuiltJohn explains that judgment develops differently depending on the context: through individual practice, repeated exposure, mentorship, team discussion, and comparison against examples of quality.08:58 – Making Prioritization Thinking VisibleJohn shares how he used AI to document his own scoring heuristic for product prioritization, giving a teammate deeper insight into why certain ideas mattered more than others.12:11 – Knowing When to Borrow ExpertiseUsing survey design as an example, John explains how AI can help access existing expert knowledge when you are not the expert yourself. The key is being honest about the limits of your own judgment.13:56 – From Answers to Better QuestionsBarry reflects on the shift from using AI to get answers toward using it to challenge thinking, improve decisions, and bring stronger questions to colleagues.18:04 – Why Better Surveys Lead to Better DecisionsJohn explains how improving a survey from average to strong can materially change the quality of insight a team gets back, which then affects the quality of product decisions.23:04 – Teams, AI, and Decision AdvantageBarry shares how AI can help teams maintain momentum during ideation by quickly pressure testing scenarios, asking disconfirming questions, and bringing outside information into the room.27:48 – Turning Objection Handling into a SystemJohn describes how his team recorded a live objection-handling exercise, analyzed it against best practices, and turned the team's collective knowledge into a reusable system.31:32 – The Three Forms of MetacognitionJohn introduces individual, social, and computational metacognition as three skills leaders need to work effectively with AI and with each other.35:19 – AI Exposes Leadership SystemsBarry and John discuss why AI can feel uncomfortable for leaders: it reveals whether there is a real decision-making system underneath the confidence.37:34 – When AI Makes Every Decision Feel HardJohn raises an important limitation: AI can remove small pauses in the workday, leaving people constantly operating at high cognitive load.41:58 – Productivity Fatigue and Agent OverloadBarry and John discuss the temptation to run too many AI-assisted tasks at once, and why that can create more noise rather than better outcomes.44:23 – Designing Time to ThinkBarry shares how he intentionally creates time for walking, exercise, and reflection to avoid over-optimizing for fast, reactive decisions.46:38 – Intentionality Over Process TheaterJohn explains why intentionality is different from rigid process. The opportunity is to design better systems without flattening the richness of how teams actually work.50:11 – Closing ReflectionsBarry wraps the conversation by reflecting on the opportunity for leaders to use AI not just to move faster, but to become more aware of how they think, decide, and scale judgment across teams.Useful ResourcesDotwork – John Cutler's work focuses on helping teams and organizations better understand how work, decisions, and systems connect.Artificial Organizations – Barry references the book and the CSTA loop as part of his work on AI, decision making, and organizational performance.Daniel Kahneman's System 1 and System 2 Thinking – Referenced in the discussion on snap decisions, deeper thinking, and productivity fatigue.Pugh Analysis – John mentions this as an example of a prioritization approach originally intended to help experts independently rate options and then discuss differences in judgment.Follow the HostLinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/barryoreillyPersonal site:

Lightning Round: Top 10 Ways to Deal with Margin Pressure Question: Jason in Denver asks, "I just lost it with a prospect. We had talked, she was interested, asked me to do a proposal —which I did—took hours, then nothing. I called, emailed, texted and nothing. Finally I wrote her a less than professional email, this time she responded. Told me she had a lot going on in her life, and was not blowing me off. She actually wanted to move forward UNTIL she got my email. Clearly, I need a better strategy for dealing with getting ghosted."  Book: Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman.

Lightning Round: Top 10 Ways to Deal with Margin Pressure Question: Jason in Denver asks, "I just lost it with a prospect. We had talked, she was interested, asked me to do a proposal —which I did—took hours, then nothing. I called, emailed, texted and nothing. Finally I wrote her a less than professional email, this time she responded. Told me she had a lot going on in her life, and was not blowing me off. She actually wanted to move forward UNTIL she got my email. Clearly, I need a better strategy for dealing with getting ghosted."  Book: Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman.

Nobel laureate, best-selling author, and groundbreaking psychologist Daniel Kahneman is also a friend and former business partner of Steve's. In discussing Danny's new book Noise: A Flaw in Human Judgment, the two spar over inconsistencies in criminal sentencing and Danny tells Steve that “Your attitude is unusual” — no surprise there. This episode originally aired on May 14th, 2021. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

A Note from James:If I could tell my children to read one post of mine, it would be this post.Influence is how they will navigate a world of uncertainty.Robert Cialdini is the most influential person in the world. And by that I mean, he wrote the book Influence, which sold 3 million copies and defines the six critical aspects of all influence.Now he has a new book, Pre-Suasion, going 10x deeper into the concepts of persuasion. I got him on my podcast so I could ask the 1,000 questions I have.Small story from the book:If you name a restaurant “Studio 97” instead of “Studio 17,” people are more likely to tip higher.If you ask a girl for her phone number outside a flower store, triggering feelings of romance, she is more likely to give it to you than if you ask her outside a motorcycle store.And 500 other stories.The environment is just as important as what you say.Before the podcast began, I gave him a book as a gift: The Anxiety of Influence, a history of poetry.What would poetry have to do with influence and marketing?In all art, since the beginning of time, artists have built on the work of the artists of the generation before them.Beethoven depended on a Mozart to be a Beethoven. Picasso depended on a Cézanne. Without Michelson, there would be no Einstein.But poets, for some reason, would deny being influenced.“I never even read Ezra Pound,” shouted one poet at a critic.Poets want to be seen as original.Nobody is 100% original.This is the anxiety of influence.Almost all of our decisions, and even our creativity, are outsourced to the people around us who influence us: peers, teachers, religion, parents, bosses, etc.Our personality is our own particular mishmash of influences.How we deal with that anxiety, how we recognize the influences, learn from them, and build from them, is the birth of all of our creativity.Let me summarize the seven aspects of influence:Reciprocity: If you give someone a Christmas card, they will want to return the favor.Likability: Make yourself trustworthy. For instance, outline the negatives of dealing with you.Consistency: Ask someone for a favor. Now they will say to themselves, “I am the type of person who does James a favor.”Social Proof: If you are trying to get someone to do X, show them that “a lot of your peers do X.” For instance, if you are at a bar and you are a guy trying to meet women, bring your women friends and not your guy friends with you.Authority: “Four out of five dentists say…”Scarcity: “Only 100 iPhones left at this store!”Unity: You and I are the same because of location, values, religion, etc.I've used each of the above in business.They work.They will make you money.The entire purpose of language is to influence.We are not strong animals. We are weak.The language of influence saved us.Probably a word like “Run!” was the first word spoken.A word of influence.And it worked.I'm still running from the things I fear.So speak to influence.Don't speak to call a flower yellow.Speak to breathe spirit into an idea, to be enthusiastic, to convey emotion, to influence.This is the only way to have an impact with your unique creativity.I gave Robert the book as a gift — reciprocity — assuming we would have a great podcast.And we did.But then I thought later, I can't even remember how Robert got on my podcast.I highly recommend his book in the podcast and even in this post.As he got into his car after the podcast in order to go to his next interview, I started thinking:“Hmmm, who influenced who?”Episode Description:Robert Cialdini wrote the book on persuasion — literally. His classic Influence became one of the defining books on why people say yes, how decisions get shaped, and why the smallest cue in the room can change the outcome of a conversation.In this episode from the archive, James talks with Cialdini about Pre-Suasion, the idea that persuasion starts before the actual pitch. It begins with what people notice, what they feel, what is in the environment, and what frame has already been set before the first real ask is made.They talk about flower shops, restaurant names, voting booths, Warren Buffett's shareholder letters, Anwar Sadat's negotiation instincts, and the rabbi who helped save thousands of lives with one sentence. But the episode is not just about marketing. It is about how people make decisions under uncertainty — and how to use influence ethically, whether you are asking for a job, building a business, negotiating a deal, writing a sales letter, or trying to become more trusted.What You'll Learn:Why persuasion often begins before the message — and how small cues in the environment can make people more receptive.How Cialdini's original six principles of influence work: reciprocity, consistency, social proof, scarcity, authority, and liking.Why Cialdini added a seventh principle, unity — the feeling that “we are the same” — and why it can be even stronger than liking.When to use social proof versus authority, and how to decide which kind of evidence matters most in a given situation.Why admitting weakness first can build trust, and how Warren Buffett uses honesty as a persuasion tool instead of a liability.Timestamped Chapters:[00:00] Introduction and episode preview[01:25] Interview begins — James introduces Robert Cialdini and Pre-Suasion[03:12] The flower shop study: why context changes the answer before the question is asked[05:48] Valentine Street and the hidden power of unrelated cues[06:42] Wine stores, voting booths, and fluffy cloud mattresses[08:10] Are humans irrational, or are shortcuts necessary?[10:17] How the pictures on your wall can change what you write[11:36] The six — now seven — principles of influence[12:00] Reciprocity: the Hare Krishna flower example and the power of personalized gifts[16:40] Consistency: Anwar Sadat, Henry Kissinger, and giving people a reputation to live up to[19:30] Cialdini's undercover research with sales organizations[23:30] Social proof: medical no-shows, restaurant menus, and what happens when a message backfires[26:43] Social proof as feasibility: “people like me can do this”[29:07] Authority: when expert endorsement beats crowd validation[33:55] Why companies lose with better products when they fail to frame the decision properly[35:10] Building authority from zero by using honesty and scarcity[37:05] The Avis “We're number two” campaign and the trust value of admitting weakness[38:24] Warren Buffett's shareholder letters and the persuasive power of leading with mistakes[41:30] Unity: Cialdini's seventh principle of influence[44:24] The rabbi, the Japanese tribunal, and the sentence that saved a community[48:30] Applying unity in job interviews, dating, and negotiations[51:10] Loss aversion and how uncertainty changes persuasion[55:00] Why long sales letters can outperform short ones[55:30] Cialdini's practical framework: find what is true, direct attention to it, then make the case[59:00] Fake scarcity and why false urgency destroys trust[65:00] Closing thoughts on ethical influence and genuine specificityAdditional Resources:Robert Cialdini — Influence: The Psychology of Persuasion — Cialdini's classic book on the core principles of persuasion and compliance. Robert Cialdini — Pre-Suasion: A Revolutionary Way to Influence and Persuade — the follow-up book discussed throughout the episode, focused on what happens before the persuasive message itself. Berkshire Hathaway Shareholder Letters — referenced in the episode as a real-world example of trust-building through candor and weakness-first communication. Daniel Kahneman and Prospect Theory — Cialdini references the role of loss aversion and uncertainty in persuasion; Kahneman received the 2002 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for integrating psychological research into economic decision-making. Chiune Sugihara — the Japanese diplomat connected to the story Cialdini uses to explain unity and shared identity. The Avis “We're Number Two” Campaign — discussed as an example of turning a weakness into credibility by being honest before making the positive case.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

In this episode, Adam Torres interviews Matei Zatreanu, CEO & Founder of System2. Matei shares how System2 helps hedge funds integrate data and AI into investment decisions while exploring the opportunities and risks of emerging technologies, including robotics, automation, and the future role of humans in an AI-driven economy.  About Matei Zatreanu Matei is the founder of System2. He previously started the data initiative of a $20bn hedge fund. Matei started his career in investment banking at Lehman Brothers. Matei holds an M.A. in Mathematics from Columbia University and B.A.s in Psychology, Mathematics, Government, and Economics from Cornell University. About System2 System2 is a data and AI-driven research firm that helps fundamental investors make better investment decisions by combining human expertise with advanced analytics. Founded by Matei Zatreanu, the company partners with hedge funds, asset managers, and institutional investors to uncover insights that traditional research methods may miss. Inspired by Daniel Kahneman's concept of "System 2" thinking—the deliberate, analytical process behind rational decision-making—System2 empowers investment teams to validate hypotheses, explore complex questions, and leverage alternative data and artificial intelligence to gain a deeper understanding of companies, industries, and market trends. For more than a decade, System2 has been helping some of the world's leading investors navigate increasingly complex markets through a blend of technology, data science, and human judgment.  Watch Full Episode on ⁠Youtube⁠. --- Follow Adam on Instagram at ⁠https://www.instagram.com/askadamtorres/⁠ for up to date information on book releases and tour schedule. Apply to be a guest on our podcast: ⁠https://missionmatters.lpages.co/podcastguest/⁠ Visit our website: ⁠https://missionmatters.com/⁠ More FREE content from Mission Matters here: ⁠https://linktr.ee/missionmattersmedia Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

In this episode, Adam Torres interviews Matei Zatreanu, CEO & Founder of System2. Matei shares how System2 helps hedge funds integrate data and AI into investment decisions while exploring the opportunities and risks of emerging technologies, including robotics, automation, and the future role of humans in an AI-driven economy.  About Matei Zatreanu Matei is the founder of System2. He previously started the data initiative of a $20bn hedge fund. Matei started his career in investment banking at Lehman Brothers. Matei holds an M.A. in Mathematics from Columbia University and B.A.s in Psychology, Mathematics, Government, and Economics from Cornell University. About System2 System2 is a data and AI-driven research firm that helps fundamental investors make better investment decisions by combining human expertise with advanced analytics. Founded by Matei Zatreanu, the company partners with hedge funds, asset managers, and institutional investors to uncover insights that traditional research methods may miss. Inspired by Daniel Kahneman's concept of "System 2" thinking—the deliberate, analytical process behind rational decision-making—System2 empowers investment teams to validate hypotheses, explore complex questions, and leverage alternative data and artificial intelligence to gain a deeper understanding of companies, industries, and market trends. For more than a decade, System2 has been helping some of the world's leading investors navigate increasingly complex markets through a blend of technology, data science, and human judgment.  Watch Full Episode on ⁠Youtube⁠. --- Follow Adam on Instagram at ⁠https://www.instagram.com/askadamtorres/⁠ for up to date information on book releases and tour schedule. Apply to be a guest on our podcast: ⁠https://missionmatters.lpages.co/podcastguest/⁠ Visit our website: ⁠https://missionmatters.com/⁠ More FREE content from Mission Matters here: ⁠https://linktr.ee/missionmattersmedia Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Un pequeño homenaje y reconocimiento a Daniel Kahneman premio Nobel de Economía y autor del libro Pensar Rápido Pensar Despacio Salvador Mingo Conocimiento Experto CONECTA CONMIGO: salvador@conocimientoexperto.com https://conocimientoexperto.com https://www.youtube.com/@conocimientoexperto https://spoti.fi/2yS9p38 https://www.instagram.com/salvadormingo/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/salvadormingoce/

Un pequeño homenaje y reconocimiento a Daniel Kahneman premio Nobel de Economía y autor del libro Pensar Rápido Pensar Despacio Salvador Mingo Conocimiento Experto CONECTA CONMIGO: salvador@conocimientoexperto.com https://conocimientoexperto.com https://www.youtube.com/@conocimientoexperto https://spoti.fi/2yS9p38 https://www.instagram.com/salvadormingo/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/salvadormingoce/Conviértete en un supporter de este podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/conocimiento-experto--2975003/support.

Vivemos na era das oportunidades infinitas. Nunca tivemos tanto acesso à informação, educação, carreira e tecnologia. E, paradoxalmente, nunca houve tanta gente frustrada. O problema talvez não esteja na realidade, mas na distância entre aquilo que esperamos dela e aquilo que ela realmente entrega. Neste episódio, Luciano Pires explora as ideias de Victor Vroom, Daniel Kahneman, Samuel Stouffer, Herbert Simon e Carol Dweck para mostrar como expectativas mal calibradas alimentam ansiedade, ressentimento e decepção. Uma reflexão sobre mérito, comparação, redes sociais e a difícil arte de enxergar o mundo como ele é.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

You've launched things that seemed solid, only to watch them unravel for reasons that felt obvious afterward. That's not a judgment problem. For ADHD founders, retrospective clarity comes naturally. The pre-mortem is a tool that pulls that clarity forward, to the start of a project, when fixing problems is still cheap.Skye and Robbie break down the pre-mortem method, developed by cognitive psychologist Gary Klein and later popularized by Daniel Kahneman, and explain why it fits ADHD-wired brains in particular. ADHD founders tend to communicate broad vision without the full set of dependencies, leaving teams misaligned and triggering micromanagement loops. They're also prone to hyperfocused tunneling in the wrong direction. The pre-mortem interrupts both patterns before they cost you.They also cover how to use it as a minimum viable test. Before a prototype, before a hire, before a pivot, spend an afternoon stress-testing the idea. Sometimes the right output is: don't do this.What We CoverWhy ADHD founders naturally access retrospective clarity, and how to use it at project start instead of after the factHow incomplete vision communication creates micromanagement loops, and what the pre-mortem does to close that gapThe novelty bias and hyperfocus tunneling problem, and why planning for failure acts as a directional checkHow to run a pre-mortem solo, with a team, or with AI, including a specific reverse prompting approachWhy a half-day pre-mortem with AI or a mentor counts as your minimum viable test before any build P.S. Losing work because the admin layer around your business can't keep up with you? Invisible Systems is a 90-day done-for-you sprint where I (Skye) extract the processes from your head, build the operating layer, and find the right person to run it. Six spots left at the founding price, book a call at https://www.unconventionalorganisation.com/

At just 16, Ellyse Perry was the youngest person to ever debut for the Australian International Cricket team. 13 days later, Ellyse debuted for the Matildas.

What is required from both instructors and students to teach and learn clinical judgment? Our EMS profession is a place where right answers are not always cut and dry and grace might be the most important skill in the room.  In this episode, guest Jeff Anderson, Paramedic Program Director at Bossier Parish Community College joins hosts Maia Dorsett, Hilary Gates and Ginger Locke for an honest, humbling conversation about what it really takes to teach clinical judgment. They dig into the gap between what students hear in the classroom and what they absorb in the field, why preceptors and educators can be in tension and how educators can struggle with ego and reactivity. They share real stories from their programs, talk through how they handle their own emotional reactions, and offer practical advice for educators trying to make peace with a profession that doesn't fit neatly into a protocol.  Whether you're a program director, a preceptor, or someone still figuring out how to teach the grey, this one's for you.Rob Lawrence provides the "Rob Recap."Mentioned in the episode:Daniel Kahneman, "Thinking Fast and Slow": https://www.amazon.com/Thinking-Fast-Slow-Daniel-Kahneman/dp/0374533555Pat Croskerry, Clinical Decision Making: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp1303712The EMS Educator is published on the first Friday of every month! Be sure to turn on your notifications so you can listen as soon as the episode drops, and like/follow us on your favorite platform.Check out the Prodigy EMS Bounty Program! Earn $1000 for your best talks!  https://www.prodigyems.com/bounty-programGet your CE at www.prodigyems.com. Follow @ProdigyEMS on FB, YouTube, TikTok & IG.

We all want retirement success. But how do we achieve it? What if the best method is to identify possible *failures* first, and then simply work backward to avoid those failures?  Looking for a financial planner?  → PlanWithJesse.com In this follow-up episode, Jesse completes his inversion-based framework for retirement planning by outlining the remaining risks that can derail long-term financial outcomes, shifting from market and inflation concerns to more personal, behavioral, and systemic threats. He begins with shock spending and long-term care risk, emphasizing the scale and unpredictability of end-of-life care costs and arguing that insurance alone is often insufficient, making realistic cash flow modeling and programs like Medicaid more practical planning tools. He then covers cognitive decline risk, highlighting how reduced decision-making capacity can lead to fraud, mismanagement, and financial error, and recommends safeguards such as legal protections, trusted contacts, and automated, simplified financial systems. Behavioral risk is framed as the danger of emotional decision-making, with mitigation strategies including automation, written investment policies, and reduced exposure to market volatility. Jesse then addresses assumptions risk, warning that small inaccuracies in assumptions about markets, inflation, taxes, or even one's future self can compound significantly in retirement projections, advocating for base rates and disciplined "what-if" analysis. He explores policy, legislation, and tax risk as an unavoidable layer of uncertainty around Social Security, taxation, and healthcare policy, suggesting retirees stress test outcomes without overreacting to speculation. Identity and purpose risk follows, underscoring that retirement success depends heavily on structure, meaning, and social connection, not just financial security. Finally, he introduces "deep risks"—deflation, confiscation, and devastation—arguing that while rare, these systemic threats reinforce the central conclusion that no portfolio design eliminates all risks, and effective retirement planning ultimately comes down to balancing trade-offs and building resilience. Key Takeaways: • Shock spending risk includes large, unexpected expenses that can destabilize retirement plans. • Long-term care is one of the most significant and unpredictable retirement costs. • Cognitive decline can lead to financial mistakes, fraud vulnerability, and poor decision-making. • Behavioral risk stems from emotional and irrational financial decisions. • Assumptions risk arises from unrealistic expectations about markets, inflation, or personal behavior. • Policy and tax risk includes uncertainty around Social Security, taxes, and healthcare programs. • Identity and purpose risk highlights the psychological challenges of retirement. • Deep risks (deflation, confiscation, devastation) are rare but potentially catastrophic. • No single strategy can eliminate all risks—retirement planning is about balancing trade-offs and building resilience. Key Timestamps: (01:42) – 8: Shock Spending & Long-Term Care Risk (08:04) – Saving for the Coming $500,000 Expense (09:15) – Changing Expenses as We Age (10:24) – Medicare & Medicaid (12:44) – 9: Cognitive Decline Risk (15:43) – Building Backup Systems & Backup People (18:30) – 10: Behavioral Risk (22:48) – 11: Assumptions Risk (About Yourself & the World) (25:18) – Assumptions About the Future World (31:50) – 12: Policy, Legislation, & Tax Risk (36:17) – 13: Identity & Purpose Risk (39:16) – 14: The Deep Risks Key Topics Discussed: The Best Interest, Jesse Cramer, Wealth Management Rochester NY, Financial Planning for Families, Fiduciary Financial Advisor, Comprehensive Financial Planning, Retirement Planning Advice, Tax-Efficient Investing, Risk Management for Investors, Generational Wealth Transfer Planning, Financial Strategies for High Earners, Personal Finance for Entrepreneurs, Behavioral Finance Insights, Asset Allocation Strategies, Advanced Estate Planning Techniques Mentions:https://bestinterest.blog/e108/ Stumbling on Happiness by Daniel Gilbert Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman https://bestinterest.blog/the-crushing-cost-of-conservative-retirement-planning/ https://bestinterest.blog/e106/ If You Can: How Millennials Can Get Rich Slowly by William J. Bernstein The Intelligent Asset Allocator: How to Build Your Portfolio to Maximize Returns and Minimize Risk by William J. Bernstein A Splendid Exchange: How Trade Shaped the World by William J. Bernstein The Four Pillars of Investing, Second Edition: Lessons for Building a Winning Portfolio by William J. Bernstein Deep Risk: How History Informs Portfolio Design by William J. Bernstein More of The Best Interest: Check out the Best Interest Blog at https://bestinterest.blog/ Contact me at jesse@bestinterest.blog Need a financial planner?  → PlanWithJesse.com  The Best Interest Podcast is a personal podcast meant for education and entertainment. It should not be taken as financial advice, and is not prescriptive of your financial situation.

🧭 REBEL Rundown 🔑 Key Points 🧩 Human Factors: The unseen behaviors, distractions and considerations critical in emergency medicine and the ICU, influencing patient care beyond just medical knowledge.🎯 System Design: Effective system design directly impacts team performance by creating environments that facilitate optimal decision-making. 🏥 Real-world Application: The application of human factors in healthcare leads to better team dynamics, reduced stress, and improved patient outcomes. 👷🏽‍️It’s Everyone’s Job: Building a culture of adaptability and openness to change can lead to better healthcare delivery, communication and interprofessional relationships🛠️ Practical Solutions: Start the conversation in departments for actionable and pragmatic changes to current healthcare environments to enhance practitioner efficiency and patient care quality. Click here for Direct Download of the Podcast. 👀Previously Covered and Related Content: REBEL EM: Titles Don’t Make LeadersREBEL MIND: Moving from Junior to Senior Leadership in Emergency CareREBEL MIND: The Dunning-Kruger EffectREBEL MIND: Growth vs Fixed Mindset 📝 Introduction Welcome back to Rebel MIND, the podcast where we sharpen the person behind the practitioner. MIND stands for Mastering Internal Negativity during Difficulty. This series emphasizes productivity, provider performance, and team optimization to ensure we are at our best during high-pressure situations. In this episode, host Dr. Mark Ramzy chats with special guests and master educators about the concept of human factors.Dr. Chris Hicks is an emergency physician and trauma team leader at St. Michael’s Hospital in Toronto, Assistant Professor in the Department of Medicine at the University of Toronto, and co-founder of Advanced Performance Healthcare Design, a physician-led simulation and design group. Dr. Andrew Petrosoniak is an emergency physician and trauma team leader at St. Michael’s Hospital, and Medical Director of the Unity Health Toronto Simulation Program. He’s an Assistant Professor at the University of Toronto where his research focuses on simulation for systems and design improvement and optimizing the care of the bleeding patient. Along with Dr. Hicks, he’s also President of Advanced Performance Healthcare Design, a consulting firm that works with high-performance teams and uses simulation to enhance and design better healthcare spaces Cognitive Question How can the integration of human factors improve decision-making and performance in emergency medicine and critical care environments? ️What are Human Factors? In the context of healthcare, human factors encompass the interplay between humans, the systems they work within, and the effectiveness of their interactions. It includes elements like communication, system design, environmental conditions, and behavioral patterns affecting individual and team decision-making processes. It’s the collective impact of individual behaviors, team dynamics, and the physical environment on performance and outcomes. The aim is to eliminate issues arising from human error by creating systems and environments that naturally guide and support optimal performance. 🏥How This Applies to the Emergency Department or ICU? Efficient integration of human factors in high-pressure settings like the Emergency Department (ED) or Intensive Care Unit (ICU) helps mitigate the risks associated with stressful and chaotic environments. By focusing on system designs that account for human behavior, healthcare professionals can reduce errors, enhance team coordination, and ultimately improve patient care. This is crucial as teams are often required to make rapid, life-saving decisions in these environmentsThe design of clinical spaces can either hinder or help efficient care. Poorly arranged equipment or cluttered workspaces increase stress and impede decision-making. Implementing structured design principles, such as dedicated equipment zones and clear visual cues, can streamline workflows and enhance team coordinationIt actually helps pave the way for more efficiency because you end up “working smarter instead of harder”.It speaks directly to the Daniel Kahneman’s theory of Type 2 Thinking – which is a slow, analytical cognitive process requiring deliberate thoughtWe’ll likely create a whole dedicated episode to this but if you want to read more ahead of time on it, check out his book Thinking, Fast and Slow ⏩Immediate Action Steps for Your Next Shift **Assess Your Environment**: Take note of any clutter, noise, or layout issues in your workspace that could hinder optimal performance. Identify problem areas that could be optimized.**Recognizable Hard-Stop** – Implement a “Stop-Point” Check for areas or issues that involve more than just patient safety (ie. workflow inefficiencies, sign-out, throughput, etc). Use predefined benchmarks during procedures to ensure clarity and efficiency.**Foster Open Communication** – Encourage an environment where every team member feels comfortable discussing their thoughts and decisions without fear of judgment.**Prototype Solutions** – Work with colleagues to identify problems and brainstorm quick, cost-effective solutions that could be tested in your department.**Role Clarity and Preparation** – Ensure roles are clearly defined and team members are prepared with necessary resources readily available during high-stakes scenarios.**Test and Refine** – Conduct quick pilot tests of new setups or processes during quieter times and gather feedback from your team. Conclusion Human factors play a critical role in shaping healthcare outcomes. Through structured system designs and attention to team dynamics, it is possible to reduce inefficiencies and enhance both patient care and provider well-being. It requires a shift in perspective from seeing design and systems as separate from human behaviors, to seeing them as intricately linked. By incorporating these principles, healthcare professionals can create environments that inherently support better, safer, and more effective patient care. 🚨 Clinical Bottom Line Incorporating human factors into healthcare isn’t just about preventing errors—it’s about creating an ecosystem where the healthcare team is empowered to perform at their best, even under the most challenging conditions. Implementing small, iterative changes can create a meaningful impact, paving the way for improved systems and processes. This starts by redesigning systems and environments with human factors in mind, which can significantly improve both the efficiency of care delivery and the safety of the healthcare environment. Further Reading Petrosoniak A, Hicks C. M&M rounds 2.0: the future of performance improvement. CJEM. Feb 2025PMID: 39979684Petrosoniak A, Hicks CDesign, build, train, excel: Using simulation to create elite trauma systems. International Anesthesiology Clinics. Publish Ahead of Print.Request the Article herePetrosoniak A, Hicks C, et al. Design Thinking-Informed Simulation: An Innovative Framework to Test, Evaluate, and Modify New Clinical Infrastructure. Simul Healthc. 2020 Jun 2020.PMID: 32039946Bleetman A, et al.Human factors and error prevention in emergency medicine. Emerg Med J. May 2012PMID: 21565880Hayden EM, et al.Human Factors and Simulation in Emergency Medicine. Acad Emerg Med. 2018 Feb 2018PMID: 28925571 Meet the Authors Mark Ramzy, DO Co-Editor-in-Chief Cardiothoracic Intensivist and EM Attending RWJBH / Rutgers Health, Newark, NJ Chris Hicks, MD, Med Co-Founder of Advanced Performance Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada Andrew Petrosoniak, MD, MSc Co-Founder and President of Advanced Performance Medical Director of Unity Health Toronto Simulation Program Showing Slide 1 of 3 The post REBEL MIND – Human Factors: The Hidden Architecture of Emergency & Critical Care Medicine appeared first on REBEL EM - Emergency Medicine Blog.

Is it time to rethink how we talk about men in the workplace? Carolyn Hobdey draws on her experience in male-dominated boardrooms and complex personal dynamics to challenge the narrative. She shares why meaningful change comes from collaborating with men, not criticising them, and how emotional literacy and more human leadership can transform both work and home life. Exploring purpose, legacy and the 'fire in her belly', Carolyn offers candid insights on bridging divides, improving dialogue around masculinity and creating healthier, more connected workplaces — ultimately making work better for everyone by championing men in the workplace. KEY TAKEAWAY "The reality is men do still hold quite a lot of that control and that power and the decision-making authority. If we didn't work with them and in collaboration with them, then things actually weren't going to go better for women." BOOK RECOMMENDATION* Lost Connections by Johann Hari - https://amzn.eu/d/0e3toFdx Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman - https://amzn.eu/d/0gDCUvjh    ABOUT THE GUEST – CAROLYN HOBDEY Carolyn Hobdey's career was built at the coalface of business - not in theory, but in practice. Less Human Resources and more Human Being, she brings 25 years' corporate experience in the world's largest employers and globally recognised brands as a board-level leader in FMCG, retail, construction and more, where she shaped their futures by tackling messy, complex, human problems head-on.   CONNECT WITH CAROLYN  https://www.linkedin.com/in/carolynhobdey  https://www.instagram.com/carolynhobdey/      ABOUT THE HOST - AMY ROWLINSON Amy is a purpose and fulfilment coach, author, podcast strategist and mastermind host who empowers purpose-driven leaders to boost productivity, engagement and meaning in life and work. Through transformational conversations, Amy helps individuals overcome overwhelm and live with clarity, building living legacies along the way.   WORK WITH AMY If you're interested in how purpose can help you and/or your business, please book a free 30 min call via https://calendly.com/amyrowlinson/call    KEEP IN TOUCH WITH AMY Sign up for the weekly Friday Focus - https://www.amyrowlinson.com/subscribe-to-weekly-newsletter    CONNECT WITH AMY https://linktr.ee/AmyRowlinson    BUY AMY'S BOOK (Shortlisted in the 2025 Business Book Awards) * Focus on Why by Amy Rowlinson with George F. Kerr – https://amzn.eu/d/6W02HWu    HOSTED BY AMY ROWLINSON   DISCLAIMER The views, thoughts and opinions expressed in this podcast belong solely to the host and guest speakers. Please conduct your own due diligence.  *As an Amazon Associate, Amy earns from qualifying purchases.

Imagine you and your teenager are sitting down for a nice meal and she/he asks, “What do you know about depression?” and you're stumped for an answer.Faced with that question, D. (Doug) Earl Johnston set out to find the answer and, along the way, identified 271 additional and distinct emotional states that formed the basis of his latest book, Choosing Emotions: Thinking with Your Head and Acting with Your Heart.Doug shares what he learned about the amazing array of emotions all of us feel and how they protect us this week on Spirit Gym.Learn more about Doug and his work at his website and on social media via Instagram. Timestamps4:58 Doug's daughter asked him a question he couldn't answer: What do you know about depression?10:42 Identifying 272 distinct emotional states through famous quotes.21:41 Our emotions are tools that protect us.32:15 The fundamental misunderstandings people have about emotions.43:15 A consilience.47:35 Name it, blame it and tame it.56:30 “Fear is a reaction. Courage is a decision.”1:06:35 Where do you draw the line between an emotion, mood, condition, pattern or life?1:23:54 “Can you change a default emotion?”1:33:38 Doug's reckoning with ego.1:39:05 Vocabulary and emotions.1:48:03 The domains of the head, heart and gut.1:52:55 One of Paul's guiding principles he learned from a student.ResourcesAtlas of the Heart: Mapping Meaningful Connection and the Language of Human Experience by Brené BrownThe work of Rollo May, J.K. Rowling, Eckhart Tolle, Dr. Antonio Damasio, Jonathan Heidt, Daniel Kahneman, Niels Bohr, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Charles Kettering, Noam Chomsky, Dan Siegel, Stanley Krippner, Edgar Cayce and Sir Winston ChurchillPaul's podcast conversations with Rollin McCraty and Keith WittHow Emotions Are Made: The Secret Life of the Brain by Lisa BarrettSwitch: How to Change Things When Change is Hard by Chip and Dan HeathFeelings Buried Alive Never Die by Karol TrumanThe Body Keeps The Score: Brain, Mind and Body in the Healing of Trauma by Dr. Bessel van der Kolk Tao Te Ching: A New English Version by Stephen MitchellThe Second Book of the Tao by Stephen MitchellFind more resources for this episode on our website.Music Credit: Meet Your Heroes (444Hz), Composed, mixed, mastered and produced by Michael RB Schwartz of Brave Bear MusicThanks to our awesome sponsors:PaleovalleyBIOptimizers US and BIOptimizers UK PAUL15Organifi CHEK20Wild PasturesPique LifeCHEK InstituteWe may earn commissions from qualifying purchases using affiliate links.

Forty percent of prospects never make a buying decision, and the reason is rarely the competition. Rohail Khan, founder of Avant.AI and executive consultant for Corporate Visions, breaks down why the status quo is the most dangerous competitor in any sales cycle and how to defeat it.Khan draws on 25 years as a C-suite executive, including roles at Xerox and Bank of America, to explain what CEOs and CFOs actually pay attention to during a pitch and why most sales teams lose the room within the first five minutes. The conversation covers how to use earnings call transcripts to find unconsidered risks, how to escape the commodity trap by shifting from features to financial outcomes, and why "you phrasing" transfers ownership to the buyer in ways that change the entire power dynamic of a pitch.Host Sean Grady also gets into Daniel Kahneman's prospect theory, the EBITDA pivot, the value wedge, and the three deadly sins of sales messaging. Khan offers specific AI prompt strategies using tools like Perplexity and Gemini to surface insights that clients do not yet know they need.Whether you manage large accounts, prepare executive proposals, or are trying to break through to the C-suite for the first time, this conversation delivers a concrete framework for turning uncertainty into urgency.Learn more about Corporate Visions at corporatevisions.com. Visit Sean Grady's website at seankgrady.com to sign up for the newsletter.#SalesPodcast #CSuiteStrategy #EnvironmentalTransformationTAGS:Rohail Khan, Avant AI, Corporate Visions sales training, C-suite selling, executive sales strategy, no decision sales, EBITDA pivot, value wedge, prospect theory, Daniel Kahneman loss aversion, B2B sales podcast, sales training podcast, closing deals, unconsidered needs, sales messaging, commodity trap, Environmental Transformation PodcastCHAPTERS:0:00 Introduction and Rohail Khan's Background2:55 The Elevator Pitch and C-Suite Preparation8:00 Understanding the CEO, CFO, and COO Mindset11:30 Using Earnings Calls for Sales Research15:55 Sponsor Messages16:40 Why No Decision Is the Biggest Competitor19:45 Finding Unconsidered Needs With AI Research25:30 Biggest Preparation Mistakes in Executive Pitches29:30 You Phrasing and the Power Dynamic Shift31:45 The EBITDA Pivot and Avoiding Speeds and Feeds34:30 Breaking Through the Procurement Gatekeeper38:30 The Value Wedge and Defensible Differentiation41:00 Making the Customer the Hero Through Storytelling43:00 Decision-Making Psychology and Managing Risk47:30 Prospect Theory and the Cost of Inaction52:30 Telling Details Versus Superlatives in a Pitch53:45 Reframing Emotional Anchors With Analogies55:30 The Three Deadly Sins of Sales Messaging56:30 How to Connect With Corporate Visions

On the 67th episode of Enterprise AI Innovators, host Evan Reiser (CEO and co-founder, Abnormal AI) talks with Joel Hron, Chief Technology Officer at Thomson Reuters. Joel shares how Thomson Reuters is rebuilding 150-year-old knowledge-work franchises in legal, tax, and compliance around agentic AI, what changed when more than half of his engineers' code started being written by AI, and why the right mental model for working with AI is "colleague," not "copilot."Quick Hits from Joel:On the engineer-to-controller reframe: "Your job as an engineer shifted from being the contributor and owner of the code base to being more the controller and governor of the code base."On the trust gaps blocking enterprise agents: "The control system around the agent is something that I think really needs to be built out further for enterprises to get comfortable with allowing agents to just do work in a more independent way."On doing technical review at 5,000-engineer scale: "You can literally go clone the repo and spend an hour with Claude or with Codex talking about the code."Book Recommendation: Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman. Like what you hear? Leave us a review and subscribe to the show on Apple, Spotify, and YouTube.Enterprise AI Innovators is a show where top technology executives share specific ways AI changes how work gets done in the enterprise.Find more great insights from technology leaders and enterprise software experts at https://www.enterprisesoftware.blog/Enterprise AI Innovators is produced by Abnormal Studios.

Blair Enns is the founder of Win Without Pitching, author of The Four Conversations, and co-host of the 2Bobs podcast. He helps experts, agencies, and consultants move from being treated like vendors to becoming trusted advisors. In this episode, Blair joins Mark Stiving to unpack the hidden dynamics behind how buyers decide who they trust, who they listen to, and who they ultimately hire. They explore why selling expertise is fundamentally different from selling products, how authority is established long before proposals are presented, and why presenting multiple options changes the psychology of buyer decision-making. If you've ever wondered why some experts command confidence while others get stuck competing like commodities, this conversation will change how you think about selling, value, and buyer behavior.   Why You Have to Listen: Learn how buyers decide who feels like the trusted expert — long before proposals, pricing, or deliverables are discussed. Discover why presenting multiple options changes buyer psychology and keeps you out of "convince mode" during sales conversations. Understand the Four Conversations framework that helps experts move from being treated like vendors to becoming trusted advisors.   "Selling isn't talking people into things. It's helping somebody make a decision." — Blair Enns   Topics Covered: 02:44 — Why Selling Expertise Changes Buyer Behavior. Blair explains why buyers evaluate experts differently from traditional salespeople and why trust starts forming before proposals are discussed. 06:20 — The Four Conversations Behind Every Buying Decision. A breakdown of the four conversations that quietly shape how buyers decide who they trust and hire. 07:41 — Expert vs. Vendor: The Positioning Buyers Feel Immediately. Why buyers instinctively place sellers into categories and how experts avoid becoming "just another option." 11:36 — The Question That Unlocks Better Buyer Conversations. How focusing on a buyer's desired future state changes the entire direction of a sales discussion. 15:51 — Why Multiple Options Change Buyer Psychology. Blair explains why presenting choices keeps you out of "convince mode" and makes buyers feel safer saying yes. 19:17 — Why Value Should Come Before Pricing. A conversation on why buyers think differently when outcomes are discussed before solutions or costs. 23:53 — The Hidden Power of Price Anchoring. How the first numbers buyers hear quietly reshape expectations, negotiations, and decision-making.   Key Takeaways: "Selling isn't talking people into things. It's helping somebody make a decision." — Blair Enns "We rarely do the amount of thinking required to reason ourselves away from the starting point." — Blair Enns on how anchors shape buyer decisions   People and Resources Mentioned: Mahan Khalsa — Referenced for the idea that "the sale is the sample of the engagement to follow" from his book Let's Get Real or Let's Not Play. Thinking, Fast and Slow — Referenced during the discussion on anchoring, heuristics, and buyer decision-making psychology. Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky — Mentioned for their work on Prospect Theory and anchoring effects that shape how buyers evaluate pricing and options. 2Bobs — Blair's podcast co-hosted with David Baker, known for conversations on positioning, expertise, and agency growth. The Four Conversations — Blair's book introducing a framework for selling expertise through authority, value conversations, and buyer trust.   Connect with Blair Enns: LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/blairenns/  Website: https://www.winwithoutpitching.com/ Books: https://www.winwithoutpitching.com/books    Connect with Mark Stiving: LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/stiving/ Email: mark@impactpricing.com  

What happens when you discover that a book that fundamentally changed how you think is built on a shaky foundation? In today's episode, I share my own struggle with the replication crisis surrounding Daniel Kahneman's *Thinking Fast and Slow*, and I use it as a springboard to talk about a much bigger skill: knowing how to update your beliefs when reality shifts underneath you. This isn't about throwing out science or losing trust in your heroes. It's about developing the muscle to replace old explanations with better ones — a skill that has never been more important for software engineers. The Replication Crisis, Briefly Explained: Understand the difference between reproducing a study (re-running the analysis on the original data) and replicating one (recreating the study from the ground up), and why a surprisingly large portion of well-respected psychology research, including studies cited in Thinking Fast and Slow, doesn't hold up under scrutiny. Base Rates Matter: Kahneman didn't pick uniquely bad studies. If you randomly sampled from the broader academic literature, you'd hit the same failure rate. The lesson isn't about one author — it's about how we evaluate any body of knowledge. The Beginning of Infinity Framework: Drawing from David Deutsch's book, explore the idea that all progress is rooted in the assumption that we are fundamentally incorrect, and that improvement comes from continually building better explanations on top of incomplete ones. Beliefs as Calibration, Not Truth: Your beliefs about what makes a good engineer, what makes good code, or what makes a good career move are not eternal truths. They are calibrations to your current reality, and that reality is changing fast. The Ego Trap of Old Beliefs: Notice the very human, very subtle pull to defend things you previously argued for — not because they're still right, but because admitting otherwise creates a discontinuity with your former self. This is one of the biggest blockers to learning. Two Competing Explanations of AI Adoption: Walk through a worked example of holding two predictions about AI in tension and asking honestly which one better explains the reality you're seeing — at both a macro industry level and the micro level of debugging a system. Moving Goalposts Aren't a Conspiracy: A lot of what feels like shifting goalposts in our industry is just goalposts moving on their own. A big part of our job as engineers is figuring out where they are now and predicting where they're heading next. Episode Homework: Pick one belief you hold strongly about your work — about what makes a good engineer, about a tool, about a process. Try to deconstruct it into its parts and ask whether a better explanation exists for what you're actually seeing.

Tom Gilovich finds it fun to study the whys and wherefores of how human beings make sense of the information delivered by the world around them. And why not, he explains to interviewer David Edmonds in this Social Science Bites podcast. "We're dynamic, very complicated creatures who do all sorts of things and sometimes make you go, 'Huh?' That's interesting." He adds, "At the same time, some of the things that people do have great consequences," which means understanding how understandings come about also has great import. "A lot of the research on judgment and decision making is that there's a schism between the rational choice and the psychologically compelling choice," Gilovich continues, "and that has provided fertile ground for psychologists like me to explore it: "OK, this is what the rational analysis suggests. Why don't we do that?" And there's often some interesting psychological answers to that. Doesn't make logical sense, but it makes lots of psychological sense." In that spirit, Edmonds and Gilovich, the Irene Blecker Rosenfeld Professor of Psychology in the Department of Psychology at Cornell University, run through what Edmonds calls "the greatest hits" of Gilovich's research findings. These include the "spotlight effect," which posits that individuals often assume others pay more attention to them than they are, and its cousin, "the illusion of transparency," in which people assume others recognize their feelings and emotions accurately. They also look at regret, bias blind spots, and why third-place finishers are happier than second-place ones. Gilovich is the co-director of the Cornell Center for Behavioral Economics and Decision Research. He's written or co-written several books, ranging from the academic (the textbook Social Psychology written with Dacher Keitner, Serena Chen and Richard Nisbett), titles that bridge academia and the general public (2002's The psychology of intuitive judgment: Heuristic and biases written alongside Dale Griffin and Daniel Kahneman), and books that bring psychological insights directly to the public (such as 1999's Why smart people make big money mistakes—and how to correct them: Lessons from the new science of behavioral economics with Gary Belsky and 2015's The wisest in the room: How you can benefit from social psychology's most powerful insights with Lee Ross).  

Content note: this episode discusses assisted dying, end-of-life choices, and suicide. Some listeners may find the content distressing.In April 2024, Daniel Kahneman — one of the most influential psychologists of the twentieth century — emailed his close friends to say goodbye. He was 90 years old, his kidneys were failing, his mental lapses were increasing, and he had decided it was time to go. He flew to Switzerland to end his life at an assisted dying clinic there, because New York, where he lived, did not permit it. Thirteen American states currently allow medical assistance in dying; most require a terminal diagnosis with death expected within six months. Canada, Belgium, and Switzerland allow it on broader terms. The UK introduced a bill to parliament, but it failed to pass. The debate on whether we have the right to end our own lives has not been resolved. This week Tim Phillips talks to Al Roth of Stanford University about how economics can contribute to the debate on medical aid in dying (MAID). Roth, a Nobel Prize laureate, has written a new book that argues this, and similar debates, often miss the key insight: the binary choice of “allow” versus “ban” rarely reflects reality. For example, in the United States, he explains that physicians in jurisdictions where assisted dying is illegal are familiar with the practice of administering doses of drugs that will relieve pain, but also end life. Roth's argument is not that assisted dying is always right. It is that a moral position that ignores the costs of a ban is not more ethical — it is less honest. Economists, he says, bring one specific thing to this debate: the insistence that trade-offs be made explicit.The book discussed in this episode:Roth, Alvin E. 2026. Moral Economics: What Controversial Transactions Reveal about How Markets Work. Basic Books. Published 21 May 2026.To cite this episode:Phillips, Tim, and Alvin Roth. 2026. “The right to choose to die." VoxTalks Economics (podcast).Assign this as extra listening. The citation above is formatted and ready for a reading list or VLE.About the guestAlvin Roth is the Craig and Susan McCaw Professor of Economics at Stanford University. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economics in 2012, shared with Lloyd Shapley, for the theory of stable allocations and the practice of market design. He is one of the architects of modern matching market design, having redesigned the systems used in the United States to match medical residents to hospitals and students to schools. A previous book, Who Gets What — and Why, was published in 2014. Research cited in this episodeRepugnant transactions is Alvin Roth's term for a class of transactions that are controversial not because no one wants to engage in them — that would be disgust — but because some people do want to engage in them and others believe they should not be allowed to, typically on moral or religious grounds. The key feature is that the objectors suffer no direct externality from the transaction; their objection is to the thing happening at all, regardless of whether it affects them. Roth's examples across the book include medical aid in dying, kidney sales, paid blood plasma donation, surrogacy, and access to certain drugs. The policy implication is that repugnant transactions, unlike ordinary market failures, cannot be resolved by standard economic tools; they require explicit engagement with the moral contest and careful mechanism design to decide what is permitted, to whom, under what conditions.Oregon's Death with Dignity Act (1997) was the first US state law permitting physician-assisted dying. It requires a terminal diagnosis with death expected within six months, confirmation from two physicians, a waiting period, and self-administration of the medication by the patient. According to the 2024 report of the Oregon Health Authority, assisted dying accounts for roughly 0.9% of all deaths in Oregon; many patients who obtain a prescription never use it. Oregon's 27 years of data make it the most-studied model for the policy, and its take-up rates and population demographics have informed both advocates and critics in other jurisdictions.Ezekiel Emanuel and vulnerable populations: A 2016 paper by physician and bioethicist Ezekiel Emanuel and co-authors examined the demographics of patients who access assisted dying in jurisdictions where it is legal and found no evidence that vulnerable populations — defined by disability, age, mental illness, or socioeconomic status — accessed it at higher rates than the broader population of dying patients. Roth cites this as evidence against the argument that legalisation creates pressure on the vulnerable to choose death, while noting that this population-level finding does not rule out individual cases of pressure.The Hippocratic Oath is the earliest recorded professional commitment by physicians not to participate in assisted dying. Roth notes that Hippocrates formulated the oath in the fifth century CE, and that the very inclusion of a prohibition on helping patients die implies the practice was already occurring — physicians were being asked to do it. The religious objection — that decisions about life and death belong to God — and the medical objection — that a physician's role is to save life, not end it — have both been consistent features of opposition to assisted dying across more than two millennia.The Canadian Supreme Court decision (Carter v. Canada, 2015) struck down Canada's criminal prohibition on physician-assisted dying on the grounds that it infringed Canadians' constitutional rights to life and to security of the person. The court's reasoning included the counterintuitive argument that denying access to assisted dying could cause people to end their lives earlier and less safely — while still capable of doing so — out of fear of being unable to later. The Canadian framework that followed is more permissive than US state laws: it does not require a terminal diagnosis but instead an irremediable condition causing intolerable suffering. Canada has since debated, and repeatedly delayed, extending the framework to mental illness as a sole underlying condition.Mechanism design is the field of economics concerned with designing rules, institutions, and processes to achieve desired outcomes, particularly in settings where participants have private information or conflicting interests. Roth is one of its leading practitioners. In the context of assisted dying, mechanism design asks: who can apply, through what process, verified by whom, with what waiting periods, and with what safeguards against coercion or mistaken diagnosis? The differences between Oregon's model (terminal diagnosis, self-administration, annual reporting), Canada's model (irremediable suffering, physician or nurse practitioner administration permitted), and Switzerland's model (available to non-residents) are, in Roth's framing, different mechanism designs with measurably different outcomes.More VoxTalks Economics episodesIn February, Tim spoke to Martin Ellison and Julian Ashwin about what decisions seniors will take about their later years and whether policy can accommodate both their abilities and their needs. Listen to The Economic Consequences of Living Longer. 

Read my new book, The Price of Becoming. www.LearningLeader.com/Becoming The Learning Leader Show with Ryan Hawk This is brought to you by Insight Global. If you need to hire one person, hire a team of people, or transform your business through Talent or Technical Services, Insight Global's team of 30,000 people around the world has the hustle and grit to deliver. My guest: David Epstein is the #1 New York Times bestselling author of Range and The Sports Gene. A former investigative reporter at ProPublica and senior writer at Sports Illustrated. His new book is called Inside the Box: How Constraints Make Us Better. Notes   Be part of "Mindful Monday" -- Text Hawk to 66866 Key Learnings The easier move is to let it go. David found a factual error in Ryan's new/my new book. David was supposed to read it and write a blurb on it - but went further and challenged a factual error. The kind move, what great leaders actually do, is being willing to point things out, even if it could cause a little friction.  There is such a thing as too much autonomy. After Range became mega viral, David optimized for autonomy. He individualized his whole life. He no longer was writing about what others assigned him. A year later, he realized there is a thing as too much autonomy. He missed the structure of a work day, the deadlines, the annoyances of working with other people's schedules. This total freedom ended up feeling terrible. "The great thing about being committed by your own choice is that you can stop wondering how to live and start living."  This quote by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi hit David when he was on a dating app for book topics, just swiping and swiping. That day he said, "I'm really interested in constraints. I need some myself. I'm writing a book proposal on this." Two weeks later he was 10 times more interested because he decided to dive into it. Cal Newport says "system shutting down" at the end of his workday. It seems silly, but when you have all that freedom, you need something to close the workday so you can recover and be ready for the next day. Your brain is made for preventing you from having to think whenever possible. Cognitive scientist Daniel Willingham says thinking is energetically costly. So when your calendar is too open, all you'll do is what's convenient. Your brain will be lazy. The path of least resistance. The mere urgency effect: when schedule and structure is too open, people do things that seem urgent even if they're unimportant. When you're too unstructured, you end up doing huge volumes of low value stuff just to have checked off doing something. What David's workday looks like now:  Batching work: people at work check their email on average 77 times a day. The way people are usually doing that is they're toggling all the time between email and something else. When you do that, it lowers your productivity and massively increases your stress. David doesn't start his day with his inbox. He'll check it at the end of the workday because emails can take him away from the most important work at the beginning of the day.  Stress + Rest = Growth. The workday ends when David's son gets home. When writing, you have to program in rest, just like you would if you were an athlete in training.  Daniel Kahneman said writing "Thinking Fast and Slow" was the worst few years of his life. David had lunch with Kahneman and praised the book. Kahneman said, "Never again." He said it was so isolating. He was used to working with a partner or multiple partners and colleagues. He felt so isolated that he said he'd never write a book again, or if he did, he would write it with somebody else. And that's what he did. And David could empathize with that.  David made a one-page architectural outline for how "Inside the Box" would look. If it's not on that page, it is not in the book. He wrote as small as possible to try to defeat his own system. The book's 20% shorter than his other two. He thinks it's much tighter writing. He was so much more efficient that he doesn't feel nearly as burned out. After a mega hit book, two things matter: (1) A lot is out of your control, and (2) Identify as a craftsman. David's colleague at Sports Illustrated told him, "If a book about genetics and vampires comes out the same day, you're screwed, and there's nothing you can do about it." He was right. But David very strongly identifies as a writer now, as a craftsman. He's taken fiction writing courses just to learn about craft. With Inside the Box, he did a structural experiment that he found so engaging because he was focused on the craft itself, not just the commercial outcome. "Docendo discimus" - by teaching, we learn. This is a quote from Seneca. If people think they're going to have to teach certain material, they organize it more coherently in their own mind. They start pulling out main ideas and attaching different ideas together. Teaching it is even better, but just making someone think they're going to have to teach it makes them learn in a much more coherent way. Narrative values: the recurring themes that give coherence to a life. David went back and looked at his life and identified: curiosity, open-mindedness, diligence, and resilience. Now that he's started telling his story in that way, it shows up everywhere. But going forward, he also wanted some things in his story that he didn't have. So he identified forgiveness in particular because that has not been a strong suit for him. Ben Helfgott: the only living Olympian to have survived a concentration camp. Almost everybody in his family was killed in the Holocaust. He just preached forgiveness all the time. When David saw what Ben did, these petty grudges he's holding are nothing. You're just poisoning yourself when you hold these grudges. So David decided he wanted forgiveness to become one of his narrative values.  Herbert Simon won the highest award in computer science, psychology, and the Nobel Prize in economics. His quote serves as the epigraph of the book: "It is a myth, widely believed but not less mythical for that, that people are most creative when they're most free." Simon coined the term "satisficing." It's a combination of satisfy and suffice. It means having good enough decision rules. He contrasted that with maximizing. From a mountain of psychological research, it is almost always bad to be a maximizer. Maximizers are less happy with their decisions, less happy with their lives, more prone to regret. There's not much evidence they actually make better decisions most of the time. Simon was a proactive satisficer. He said you need three sets of clothing: one on your back, one in the wash, and the next one ready to wear. He simplified all the decisions in his life so he could save cognitive bandwidth for the really important ones. He famously said, "The perfect is the enemy of the good." Choose when to choose. Choose when to save and when to use your cognitive bandwidth.  Good enough doesn't mean you have low standards. It means you're saving your bandwidth for the most important things. "How you do anything is how you do everything" is completely wrong. This is one of David's least favorite quotes. It's wrong. Herbert Simon did the same mundane thing, the same breakfast every day, the same socks, so he could crush it in his work. He wasn't doing everything the way he was doing his work. The Fredkins Paradox: We spend the most energy on the least important decisions because we agonize when the options are really similar. General Magic: They invented the smartphone in 1990. The iPhone would not exist without them. They had infinite degrees of freedom. They could do anything. When the device came out, it didn't solve a clear customer problem. It had a 200-page manual. They sold 3,000 units in the first six months. Meanwhile, people inside General Magic who bit off much smaller chunks had success. One low-level engineer started Auction Web. His bosses said no, too small. He left and changed the name to eBay. Another created Graffiti. He said "I'm going to solve a clear customer problem. Busy professionals want contacts and calendars on the go." He did just a calendar, contacts, and a memo pad. That was the Palm Pilot. By doing way less. By doing something, not everything. Tony Fadell (the "podfather"): "If you don't have constraints, make up constraints."  Bill Gurley said, "We have a saying in venture: more startups die of indigestion than starvation." When Tony co-founded Nest, he made his team work inside a literal box. He made them prototype the box before they had the product. If it didn't fit in that box, it was not a priority. Reflection Questions What area of your life has too much freedom right now? Where could you add a constraint (a deadline, a ritual, a boundary) that would actually make you more productive or creative? If you had to pick three narrative values that run through your life story, what would they be? Are they the ones you want, or do you need to add an aspirational value like David did with forgiveness? What's one decision you're maximizing (trying to find the perfect choice) when you should be satisficing (good enough and move on)? How much time and energy would you free up if you applied Herbert Simon's approach? More Learning #310 - David Epstein: Why Generalists Will Rule the World #582 - Cal Newport: Obsess Over Quality #660 - James Clear: The 4 Laws to Behavioral Change Podcast Chapters00:00 The Price of Becoming - Ryan's New Book 01:15 Meet David Epstein 02:39 The Fact Checker: What Great Leaders Do 04:27 Dedication Easter Eggs 05:50 The Problem With Too Much Autonomy 10:47 Why You Actually Need Constraints 12:29 Batching Work: The 77 Email Checks Problem 17:20 Lunch with Kahneman: Thinking Fast and Slow Was Miserable  22:18 What To Do After A Viral Book 27:07 Docendo Discimus: By Teaching, We Learn  29:13 Why Leaders Should Regularly Teach 31:09 Desirable Difficulties 31:56 Narrative Values: The Themes That Define Your Life 34:31 Adding Forgiveness As an Aspirational Value 36:13 Chips on Shoulders vs. Proving People Right 39:10 Herbert Simon: The Man Who Won Everything 40:20 Satisficing Over Maximizing 42:40 Choosing When To Choose 44:29 Good Enough Doesn't Mean Low Standards 46:13 Why "How You Do Anything" is Completely Wrong 47:25 General Magic: Do Something, Not Everything 52:49 One Year From Now: What Are You Celebrating? 54:54 EOPC

On this episode of Currently Reading, Kaytee and Roxanna are discussing: Bookish Moments: Whiny men in books and reading to our kids Current Reads: all the great, interesting, and/or terrible stuff we've been reading lately Deep Dive: books we rated fairly low, but have stuck with us over time. Before We Go: our new segment featuring bookish friend posts and a sleeper hit from Roxanna Show notes are time-stamped below for your convenience. Read the transcript of the episode (this link only works on the main site). . . .   :10 - Bite Size Intro 1:50 - We encourage you to spend your dollars at indie bookstores this Saturday, April 25th for Independent Bookstore Day! 4:26 - Bookish Moments of the Week 4:49 - Remarkably Bright Creatures by Shelby Van Pelt 5:47 - The Road to Tender Hearts by Annie Hartnett 7:35 - Guess How Much I Love You by Sam McBratney 10:00 - Current Reads 10:08 - Good People by Patmeena Sabit (Roxanna) 12:21 - The Kite Runner by Khaled Hosseini 18:58 - Heated Rivalry by Rachel Reid (Kaytee) 24:01 - One Woman Show by Christine Coulson (Roxanna) 28:12 - Sarah's Bookshelves Live 28:34 - Meet the Neighbors by Brandon Keim (Kaytee)  31:56 - An Immense World by Ed Yong 32:11 - Fuzz by Mary Roach 33:34 - Thinking in Bets by Annie Duke (Roxanna) 37:01 - Thinking Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman 38:15 - Fierce Fairytales by Nikita Gill (Kaytee) 40:23 - The Princess Saves Herself in this One by Amanda Lovelace 40:31 - Love in Color by Bolu Babalola 41:48 - Deep Dive: Lower Rated Books That Stuck With Us 42:57 - Wine Witch On Fire by Natalie MacLean 48:27 - Medium Raw by Anthony Bourdain 50:08 - Save Me The Plums by Ruth Reichl 50:10 - Blood Bones & Butter by Gabrielle Hamilton 50:46 - Kitchen Confidential by Anthony Bourdain 51:51 - To Be Taught, If Fortunate by Becky Chambers 55:29 - Waiting for Tom Hanks by Kerry Winfrey 56:44 - How To Kill A Guy In Ten Dates by Shailee Thompson 57:10 - The Hunger Games by Suzanne Collins 57:13 - A Court of Thorns and Roses by Sarah J. Maas 57:42 - Dawn by Octavia Butler 57:48 - Kindred by Octavia Butler 1:01:24 - You by Caroline Kepnes 1:04:56 - Before We Go Kaytee highlights a bookish friend post 1:05:12 - Currently Reading Patreon (gets you access to our Discord!) 1:05:31 - Lonesome Dove by Larry McMurtry Roxanna brings a sleeper hit 1:06:25 - Food that Really Schmecks by Edna Stabler   Support Us: Become a Bookish Friend | Grab Some Merch Shop Bookshop dot org | Shop Amazon Bookish Friends Receive: The Indie Press List with a curated list of five books hand sold by the indie of the month. April's IPL is brought to us from a new to us bookstore, Two Friends Books in Bentonville, Arkansas Love and Chili Peppers with Kaytee and Rebekah - romance lovers get their due with this special episode focused entirely on the best selling genre fiction in the business All Things Murderful with Meredith and Elizabeth - special content for the scary-lovers, brought to you with the behind-the-scenes insights of an independent bookseller From the Editor's Desk with Kaytee and Bunmi Ishola - a quarterly peek behind the curtain at the publishing industry The Bookish Friends Facebook Group - where you can build community with bookish friends from around the globe as well as our hosts Connect With Us: The Show: Instagram | Website | Email | Threads | Substack | Youtube The Hosts and Regulars: Meredith | Kaytee | Mary | Roxanna Production and Editing: Megan Phouthavong Evans Affiliate Disclosure: All affiliate links go to Bookshop unless otherwise noted. Shopping here helps keep the lights on and benefits indie bookstores. Thanks for your support!

Jennifer Shahade is a two-time U.S. Women's Champion, poker professional, commentator, and acclaimed author. This week, she returns to the pod to discuss her new book Thinking Sideways: How to Think Like a Chess Player and Win at Life. Drawing on chess, poker, and psychology, Jen shares practical tips and memorable stories about decision-making, creativity, and improvement. We discuss: Why she interviewed reformed chess cheaters and what their stories reveal about ambition Helpful advice for remembering opening lines The “Einstellung Effect” and how to avoid missing better ideas How AI is changing the way we learn and think We also catch up on Jen's recent travels and upcoming events. There is a lot to learn and plenty of great stories along the way. 0:00- Intro- Jen Shahade and US Chess announce a settlement: https://x.com/KenneyBaden/status/2039375140534767852?s=20 0:02- Jen Shahade joins me. How did she find reformed chess cheaters to interview? What did she learn from talking with them for her book? Mentioned: Netflix Untold Documentary about the Niemann-Carlsen story  https://www.netflix.com/title/81582391 0:10- What is “MTR”?  0:14- Working with legendary trainer IM Mark Dvoretsky  0:18- Lessons learned from interviewing a memory champion  Mentioned: Yanjaa Wintersoul, GM Sam Shankland  0:28- Jen's experiences coding with Claude  Check out the links to the app she built here: https://jenshahade.substack.com/p/spin-the-wheel-vibe-a-move 0:36- What is “the Einstellung effect”?  0:40- Jen's chess-related conversation with legendary psychologist and author Daniel Kahneman  0:42- How chess master and Alpha Zero creator Demis Hassabas “thought sideways” to secure funding for his start up.  0:48- Observations from the recent Sloan sports analytic conference 0:50- What is “the sandwich method”? 0:51- Upcoming book events for Jen 0:52- If you will be in NYC on May 12 and want to support a good cause, come see Jen and I at this event. You can buy tickets to the Chess in the Schools Poker/Chess Fundraiser here: https://secure.givelively.org/event/chess-in-the-schools-inc/chess-in-the-schools-3rd-annual-charity-poker-tournament  0:54- Thanks to Jen for joining me again, here is where to order her book. https://www.simonandschuster.com/books/Thinking-Sideways/Jennifer-Shahade/9798897100729 https://www.amazon.com/Thinking-Sideways-Think-Chess-Player/dp/B0FCDDB8XV  Photo in thumbnail by Maria Emelianova Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

A ruthless (and ruthlessly efficient) industry is using digital tools to supercharge one of the world's oldest behaviors. We look at how the industry works, and ask the scam-fighters what they're doing about it.   SOURCES: Kati Daffan, former assistant director at the Federal Trade Commission's Division of Marketing Practices. Marti DeLiema, assistant professor of social work at the University of Minnesota. Mark Frank, professor of communications at the University at Buffalo.   RESOURCES: "Cambodian Scam Tycoon Wanted by U.S. Extradited to China," by Gabriele Steinhauser (Wall Street Journal, 2026). "The Rise and Fall Of Accused Cambodian Scam Kingpin Chen Zhi," by Low De Wei (Bloomberg, 2026). "Protecting Older Consumers 2024-2025," by the Federal Trade Commission (2025). "Meta is earning a fortune on a deluge of fraudulent ads, documents show," by Jeff Horwitz (Reuters, 2025). "Exposed to Scams: What Separates Victims from Non-victims?," by Marti DeLiema, Emma Fletcher, Christine Kieffer, Gary Mottola, Rubens Pessanha, and Melissa Trumpower (Stanford Center on Longevity, 2019). "Why do Nigerian Scammers Say They are from Nigeria?," by Cormac Herley (Microsoft Research, 2016). Thinking, Fast and Slow, by Daniel Kahneman (2013). FTC Fraud Reporting Portal. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.