Podcasts about indochinese

Last time we spoke about the battle of Ormoc Bay. Amid the fierce Battle of Leyte in November 1944, American and Japanese forces clashed across rugged terrains and stormy weather. A typhoon swept the island, halting supply lines, while Colonel Verbeck's forces launched a determined assault on Breakneck Ridge, advancing against Colonel Miyauchi's well-defended lines. Meanwhile, Japanese reinforcements suffered devastating losses from American air raids. Through relentless attacks and strategic maneuvers, the Americans gained ground, signalling the turning point toward Japanese retreat and Allied victory on Leyte. Meanwhile a Japanese convoy led by Rear-Admiral Sato suffered devastating losses to Allied submarines and air attacks while attempting to transport troops. Concurrently, Australian and American forces launched aggressive operations in New Guinea, and American B-29 Superfortresses, despite some challenges, intensified the bombing campaign against Japan. This episode is the Fall of Peleliu Welcome to the Pacific War Podcast Week by Week, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about world war two? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on world war two and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel you can find a few videos all the way from the Opium Wars of the 1800's until the end of the Pacific War in 1945.  In our previous update, General Gill's 32nd Division had arrived to relieve the exhausted 24th Division and take charge of the main offensive down the Ormoc Valley. During this lull in the battle, General Kataoka took advantage of the pause to reposition his 1st Division and ordered Colonel Miyauchi's 57th Regiment to counterattack toward Breakneck Ridge. The counterattack had limited success, ultimately leaving the 57th Regiment significantly weakened. On November 16, Colonel John Hettinger's 128th Regiment moved in to relieve the 21st Regiment at Breakneck Ridge but was unable to capture Corkscrew Ridge following a fierce battle. Simultaneously, General Cunningham's 112th Cavalry was deployed to secure and patrol the Mount Minoro area, while Colonel Clifford's reinforced 1st Battalion advanced to Kilay Ridge behind Japanese lines, where it faced artillery fire and unsuccessfully attempted to link up with Colonel Chapman's 2nd Battalion roadblock on Highway 2. To the south, the 32nd Regiment moved toward Baybay to launch a second push toward Ormoc, initiating an advance north to the Damulaan-Caridad area on November 14. Meanwhile, General Yamagata's 26th Division, including Colonel Saito Jiro's 13th Independent Regiment, advanced in the same direction with plans to assault Burauen, setting up a confrontation with the American forces on Shoestring Ridge. By November 17, Hettinger's 1st Battalion had entrenched on the slopes of Corkscrew Ridge while the 3rd Battalion progressed roughly 1,000 yards down the highway, securing a ridge about 500 yards north of Limon. At the same time, Clifford's patrols finally made contact with Chapman's 2nd Battalion, but they struggled to establish a communication line due to the strong enemy presence between them. The following day, Clifford positioned machine guns for a firefight against the enemy on a ridge to the southeast. Throughout the night and into November 19, Japanese machine-gun fire targeted the perimeter, successfully disabling one gun and surrounding Clifford's southernmost outpost, eventually forcing the Americans to withdraw. Meanwhile, Hettinger's 1st Battalion launched another assault on Corkscrew Ridge on November 18, though it achieved only minor gains. Additionally, Colonel Kora Keijiro's 49th Regiment infiltrated the enemy's left flank, initiating a two-pronged advance toward Colasian and Capoocan, but this had limited impact on Gill's offensive. As a result, Hettinger's 1st Battalion continued its siege of Corkscrew Ridge until November 20, while the 3rd Battalion held positions on a ridge overlooking Limon. On November 20 and 21, Japanese forces also gained ground against Clifford's defenses on Kilay Ridge. At the same time, the 32nd Regiment had established a defensive stance on Shoestring Ridge, while the 13th Independent Regiment fortified the opposite ridge with trenches, machine-gun pits, and other installations, sending a reinforced battalion eastward toward Burauen. On November 22, the 11th Airborne Division arrived to relieve the 7th Division, which subsequently redeployed to the west coast. Gill resumed his offensive, sending Hettinger's 2nd and 3rd Battalions south while the 1st Battalion contained Corkscrew Ridge. The Americans fought their way to Limon, establishing defensive positions along a tributary of the Leyte River south of the town after repelling a fierce Japanese counterattack. Meanwhile, Japanese assaults intensified on Kilay Ridge, pushing back Clifford's troops, though they held firm. Fortunately, the Japanese did not press further on November 23, as Kataoka needed to reorganize his forces following the fall of Limon. To support the division's left flank along the Limon-Ormoc highway, he dispatched the 49th Regiment and his reserve battalion, coinciding with the arrival of the 1st Regiment to reinforce the heavily weakened 57th Regiment. However, the withdrawal of the 49th created a significant gap between the 1st and 102nd Divisions, which the 126th Regiment quickly exploited, advancing through the Hill 1525 area to strike at the enemy's rear. The 128th Regiment also took this time to realign and consolidate its positions, focusing the next three days on extensive patrols and placing harassing fire along an east-west ridge overlooking the highway about 1,000 yards south of Limon. Additionally, on November 24, the 112th Cavalry began advancing southwest from Mount Minoro toward the highway with a similar objective. With the occupation of Limon, the Battle of Breakneck Ridge concluded, costing the 24th and 32nd Divisions a total of 1,498 casualties, while the Japanese suffered an estimated 5,252 fatalities and had eight captured. The American victory was largely aided by the establishment of a roadblock south of Limon by Chapman's 2nd Battalion and the defense of Kilay Ridge in the Japanese rear by Clifford's battalion.  From November 12 to 23 the 2nd Battalion, 19th Regiment had defended the roadblock under extremely difficult conditions. The operations report of the 24th Division graphically summarizes the deeds for which the battalion received a presidential citation: “These bearded, mud caked soldiers came out of the mountains exhausted and hungry. Their feet were heavy, cheeks hollow, bodies emaciated, and eyes glazed. They had seen thirty-one comrades mortally wounded, watched fifty-five others lie suffering in muddy foxholes without adequate medical attention. Yet their morale had not changed. It was high when they went in and high when they came out. They were proud that they had rendered invaluable aid to the main forces fighting in Ormoc corridor, by disrupting the Japanese supply lines and preventing strong reinforcements from passing up the Ormoc road. They were proud that they had outfought the Emperor's toughest troops, troops that had been battle trained in Manchuria. They were certain they had killed at least 606 of the enemy and felt that their fire had accounted for many more. And they were proud that this had all been accomplished despite conditions of extreme hardship. 241 of the battalion's officers and enlisted men were hospitalized for skin disorders, foot ulcers, battle fatigue, and sheer exhaustion.” These units, facing constant fire and heavily outnumbered, prevented General Suzuki from reinforcing Limon. Abandoning a potential counteroffensive here, Suzuki redirected his primary efforts to the Burauen front for his Wa offensive. Despite Yamagata's preparations for combat, the effectiveness of the 26th Division depended heavily on acquiring more heavy weapons, ammunition, and equipment. Thus, a convoy with three transports and a submarine chaser departed Manila on November 23, carrying the essential supplies to Ormoc. As night fell over Shoestring Ridge, Saito finally launched his main offensive against the stretched defenses of the 32nd Regiment. Artillery, mortars, and machine guns provided cover for two companies advancing forward to capture sections of the ridge. The next morning, the 2nd Battalion of the 32nd Regiment reorganized its defensive positions, enabling the Americans to push back a Japanese force that had penetrated south of the Palanas River and east of Hill 918. Meanwhile, General Tominaga initiated a large-scale air offensive to support Operation TA's latest convoy, deploying sixty planes from the 2nd Air Division to strike the Leyte airfields, while thirty Navy aircraft targeted enemy shipping in Leyte Gulf. Over the next four days, daily air attacks were conducted in the Leyte area, and the 7th Air Division carried out coordinated strikes against enemy bases on Morotai. However, on November 24, the convoy's transports were sunk by an air attack off Masbate Island, just as another convoy consisting of three transports and one destroyer was dispatched to Ormoc. This convoy was similarly destroyed the next day off Marinduque Island by carrier aircraft, resulting in a complete operational failure. Back in Leyte, on the night of November 24, Saito's troops launched another ferocious assault on enemy positions, beginning with the heaviest artillery barrage the 32nd Regiment had yet encountered. The Americans quickly responded with their own supporting weapons, effectively repelling repeated Japanese attacks. Only Company K was pushed back, but American artillery, mortars, and machine guns prevented the Japanese from exploiting this breakthrough. After failing to penetrate the front lines, Saito's troops desperately attempted to neutralize the artillery supporting the 32nd Regiment before ultimately retreating, allowing the defenders to regroup. By nightfall, the Japanese employed the same tactics as in their previous assault but were ultimately pushed back after a fierce grenade battle and some close-quarters fighting. At the same time, Kataoka's newly deployed reserve battalion launched an attack on Kilay Ridge during the night. However, the weary defenders were able to fend off the assault, resulting in casualties for both sides. After reinforcing Shoestring Ridge, the 32nd Regiment faced another attack on the night of November 26.  At 2100 Colonel Saito renewed the assault against the American position, following the pattern set by the previous night actions. The Japanese first laid down mortar and machine gun fire, and then heavy-weapons fire of the 13th Infantry Regiment hit the right platoons of Company G, shifting to the east in about fifteen minutes. Immediately afterward, about a battalion of Japanese infantry attacked Company G, while twelve machine guns started to fire from a ridge 1,200 yards to the east. The Japanese moved into the fire of their own heavy weapons. The 32d Infantry, using all of its artillery batteries, mortars, machine guns, and rifles, started throwing lead against the enemy force as fast as its men could load and fire. The Japanese, employing an estimated fifty machine guns, continued to come on. "All hell broke loose" as the enemy shot off flares to guide their own artillery fire. The sharp declivity in front of the American lines did not allow for a close concentration of friendly artillery fire. Just as it appeared that the lines were to be overrun, some more enemy flares went up, and the Japanese withdrew, covered by heavy machine gun and mortar fire. Colonel Finn, taking advantage of this fortunate circumstance, hastily rearranged riflemen to fill gaps caused by casualties and replenished his ammunition supplies. The mortars of the regiment continued to fire into the draw. After a short lull Colonel Saito renewed the attack. There was no preparatory artillery fire, but the mortars and machine guns introduced the assault. The attack did not seem as determined as the previous one, though the number of troops was apparently about the same. The 32d Infantry again called down all types of fire upon the enemy. Elements of the 13th Infantry Regiment continued to advance, although "the carnage was terriffic," and attempted to pass through the American lines. A strong enemy group moved into a bamboo grove on a nose in front of the center platoon of G Company. From this position the enemy launched an attack which the company resisted with grenades and bayonets. As Colonel Finn later reported: "The battle continued to flare up and die down as the valiant soldiers fought like devils to hold our lines." The 81-mm. mortars from the mortar platoon of H Company fired 650 rounds in five minutes, and fire from the 60-mm. mortars was "practically automatic." After an hour's intense fighting, the enemy force withdrew. Unbeknownst to the Americans, however, the left and center platoons of Company G fell back in confusion during the fight, allowing the Japanese to infiltrate the American lines in the bamboo thicket previously occupied by the center platoon. The Japanese had not attacked the left flank of Company G. These troops heard the battle raging to the right and the sounds of the Japanese forming below them. A non-commissioned officer in charge of a listening post sent a man to get permission for his 3-man group to withdraw. After receiving permission he shouted the order from a distance of 50 yards. As the men from the listening post started back, they were joined by the left platoon and two squads from the center platoon. Within 45 minutes the two platoons, less one squad, plus the section of heavy machine guns, were moving south on the highway. "There was no thought in their minds that the withdrawal was not authorized." After proceeding down the road 250 yards they met the executive officer of Company H who ordered them back. It was too late, the damage was done. Though the left platoon was able to regain its position without trouble, the two squads from the center platoon found the enemy well dug-in in the bamboo thicket where the squads had been. It was later learned that there were about 200 hostile troops with 20 machine guns in the thicket. The Japanese were within the American lines and in a position from which they could fire on A Battery and the flanks of Companies E, L, I, and K. Although the surprised defenders managed to contain the infiltrators—who seemingly did not recognize the Americans' precarious situation, as they made no attempt to capitalize on it—the situation remained unstable until the 1st Battalion, 184th Regiment arrived on November 27 and regained the lost ground. At this point, all the assault elements of General Arnold's 7th Division had crossed to the eastern shore of the Camotes Sea, and reinforcements were en route. On November 28, the 184th Regiment relieved the exhausted defenders on Shoestring Ridge and successfully repelled a small Japanese attack that night. Meanwhile, Yamashita decided to shift most of his division toward Burauen to initiate Suzuki's planned offensive, leaving only a small detachment to prevent the Americans from reaching Albuera and cutting off the base of his attack. By the end of November, the 184th had successfully taken control of Shoestring Ridge and the Bloody Bamboo Thicket, although it was unable to advance further north due to the enemy's strong resistance. At the same time, Tominaga made an unsuccessful attempt to drop off a raiding unit over Burauen on November 26, marking the first use of a tactic that would be repeated in the coming weeks. On November 27, Admiral Okawachi launched another convoy carrying heavy equipment for the 26th Division, which successfully reached Ormoc Bay overnight. However, it was intercepted by PT boats the following day, resulting in the loss of one frigate and one subchaser during the encounter. The convoy faced further attacks from aircraft on November 29, which sank one transport before the remaining ships departed for Manila. On their return journey, the last two vessels were ultimately destroyed by air strikes. Back in Leyte, on November 29, Clifford's exhausted troops managed to fend off one final heavy assault before being relieved by Hettinger's 2nd Battalion. By the end of the month, the Americans had solidified their positions on Kilay and Shoestring Ridges and were prepared to advance their two offensives against Ormoc. However, we must now shift our focus from the Philippines to Peleliu, where Colonel Nakagawa's remaining 700 men continued to hold out against American assaults with their dwindling strength. At the beginning of November, Colonel Watson's 323rd Regiment had taken over the task of neutralizing the Umurbrogol Pocket, with Colonel Dark's 3rd Battalion on Walt Ridge and Mortimer Valley being the last unit remaining from the 321st Regiment. After a brief pause in combat at the end of October, operations became more active again on November 2. Watson's 2nd Battalion successfully attacked the Five Sisters from the southwest, while elements of the 1st Battalion advanced north along the ridges west of Death Valley, pursuing the remaining Japanese forces from South Pocket. Meanwhile, part of the 3rd Battalion moved slowly south through the ridges and rugged terrain at the northern end of China Wall. However, before Watson could continue his offensive, heavy rains began on November 4, escalating into a typhoon that persisted for four days. By November 12, no significant progress had been made by any unit, with slow patrols and sandbagging ongoing. The 81st Cavalry Reconnaissance Troop and elements of the 321st Regiment focused on securing additional offshore islets north of Peleliu. Attacks in the Umurbrogol resumed on November 13, with Watson's 1st Battalion advancing eastward from the ridges west of Death Valley, and his 2nd Battalion pushing north into the gorge and Wildcat Bowl, though little ground was gained in the following days. Despite this slow advancement, a key center of resistance was identified in the rough terrain west of central Death Valley. On November 16, oil was sent forward through a hose from fuel tanks set up in covered positions 300 yards distant and poured into a large cave which seemed to be the center of the new-found defenses. Ignited by white phosphorus hand grenades lobbed into the cave, the flaming oil produced such promising results in driving Japanese into the open or killing them, that the same method of conquest continued to be used by the 1st Battalion and in other parts of the pocket. Over the next five days, tanks and LVT-flamethrowers targeted enemy caves at the bases of China Wall and Five Brothers, effectively destroying or sealing all accessible enemy positions and leaving Nakagawa with only 150 men still capable of fighting. By November 21, infantry patrols could operate largely unimpeded throughout Wildcat Bowl and the southern section of Death Valley. The next day, the 323rd launched an assault on the China Wall, where the majority of Nakagawa's weary troops were entrenched, effectively compressing the enemy into a space measuring 125 yards wide by 285 yards long. Meanwhile, on November 23, Five Brothers Ridge was finally cleared. The following day, a second assault on the China Wall gained additional ground, leaving only 57 enemy troops alive. To enable tanks and LVT-flamethrowers to access the central hollow of China Wall, engineers began constructing a ramp up the east wall at the northern end of Wildcat Bowl. As the ramp ascended, Nakagawa realized his situation was hopeless.  On November 24th, Nakagawa burnt the regimental colors and performed harakiri.  He was posthumously promoted to lieutenant general for his valor displayed on Peleliu. His final message to General Inoue read  “Our sword is broken, and we have run out of spears.” The 57 remaining soldiers were divided into 17 small teams, instructed to hide during the day and raid American positions at night. With the enemy largely absent, American forces cautiously advanced into the area. On November 26, tanks and LVT-flamethrowers moved up the completed ramp to bombard caves and other defenses in the hollow center of China Wall. The next morning, as units from the north and south finally linked up, Watson declared that hostilities had come to an end. What General Rupertus had anticipated would last only four days had, in fact, extended to nearly two and a half months. The 323rd suffered significant losses during that battle, with approximately 118 soldiers killed and 420 wounded. The overall casualties for the Battle of Peleliu reached over 1,573 American deaths and 6,531 injuries. In contrast, the Japanese forces experienced a total of 10,695 men killed and 301 taken prisoner. Although the fighting was officially declared over and Peleliu secured, isolated groups and individual Japanese troops remained hidden in pockets and caves, primarily in the northern part of the island and the Umurbrogol mountains. For several months afterward, the units of the 81st Division assigned to garrison the island continued to root out stragglers and seal off caves. Many of these soldiers would survive in the mountains and swamps until the war's conclusion and beyond. In fact a Japanese lieutenant with 26 men of the 2nd Infantry soldiers and eight 45th Guard Force sailors held out in the caves in Peleliu until April 22nd of 1947 and surrendered after a Japanese admiral convinced them the war was over. The effort to reduce the Japanese pocket around Umurbrogol Mountain is often regarded as the most challenging battle faced by the U.S. military throughout the entire war. The 1st Marine Division suffered heavy losses and remained inactive until the invasion of Okinawa began on April 1, 1945. During their month on Peleliu, the 1st Marine Division incurred over 6,500 casualties, representing more than one-third of the division's strength. The 81st Infantry Division also experienced significant losses, with approximately 3,300 casualties during their time on the island. Postwar analyses indicated that U.S. forces required more than 1,500 rounds of ammunition to kill each Japanese defender. They expended a staggering 13.32 million rounds of .30-caliber ammunition, 1.52 million rounds of .45-caliber, 693,657 rounds of .50-caliber bullets, 118,262 hand grenades, and 150,000 mortar rounds.The battle sparked considerable controversy in the United States, as many believed that the high number of American casualties was unjustified for an island with minimal strategic importance. The Japanese defenders were incapable of hindering potential U.S. operations in the Philippines, and the airfield captured on Peleliu did not significantly influence subsequent military actions. Instead, the Ulithi Atoll in the Caroline Islands was utilized as a staging ground for the Okinawa invasion. The casualty rate from this battle surpassed that of any other amphibious operation in the Pacific War. Moreover, coverage of the battle was limited, as only six reporters were motivated to report from the shore, influenced by General Rupertus's prediction of a quick victory within three days. The battle also received less attention due to General MacArthur's return to the Philippines and the Allies' advance toward Germany in Europe. The battles for Angaur and Peleliu illustrated the typical patterns of Japanese island defense, yet few adjustments were made for the subsequent battles of Iwo Jima and Okinawa. Naval bombardment before the amphibious assault at Iwo Jima proved to be only marginally more effective than at Peleliu, while the preliminary shelling for Okinawa saw significant improvements. Underwater demolition teams, known as frogmen, conducted operations at Iwo Jima that confused the enemy by targeting both coasts, but this tactic later alerted Japanese defenders to the precise assault beaches during the Okinawa invasion. American ground forces gained valuable experience at Peleliu in assaulting heavily fortified positions similar to those they would encounter again at Okinawa. Admiral William Halsey Jr. recommended canceling the planned occupation of Yap Island in the Caroline Islands. He also suggested that the landings at Peleliu and Angaur be abandoned in favor of deploying their Marines and soldiers to Leyte Island; however, this recommendation was ultimately overruled by Admiral Nimitz. Turning our attention to China, we need to discuss the conclusion of the pivotal Operation Ichi-Go, as the 11th and 23rd Armies pressed on with their offensives against Guilin and Liuzhou. Back in August, following battles in Hunan and Guangdong, the 11th and 23rd Armies of the IJA initiated offensives toward Guilin and Liuzhou, respectively. The NRA troops defending the region were primarily remnants from the Battle of Hengyang, resulting in only 20,000 soldiers being present in Guilin on November 1 when the Japanese commenced their assault on the city. The Chinese government recognized that it could not hold Guilin but chose to prolong the battle for political reasons, sending food and supplies to those besieged. Most civilians had fled Guilin weeks earlier, leaving the city heavily scorched by fire. Defenses were reinforced with pillboxes, barbed wire, and Guangxi troops commanded by Muslim General Bai Chongxi. General Joseph Stilwell, who had a good relationship with Bai, made considerable efforts to supply American munitions to Bai's forces. Trenches were also dug throughout the hilly terrain. By early November, General Yokoyama's forces had effectively surrounded Guilin, with the 3rd and 13th Divisions ready to advance toward Liuzhou, while General Tanaka's units were also preparing to move north following the fall of Wuxuan. Consequently, most of Yokoyama's troops continued to tighten their grip on Guilin, where the determined defenders inflicted heavy casualties on the Japanese as they facilitated the withdrawal of American personnel. Additionally, the 13th Division advanced through Yongfu on November 6, the 3rd Division captured Luzhaizhen on November 8, and the 104th Division began its movement toward the area west of Liuzhou. On November 9, just as the 11th Army initiated its main assault on Guilin, General Okamura assigned the 3rd and 13th Divisions to the 23rd Army to enhance coordination for the attack on Liuzhou. Fortunately for them, the Chinese forces offered minimal resistance, leading to the city and its airfield falling the next day. Simultaneously, with the support of the 5th Air Army, Yokoyama successfully captured Guilin, achieving the primary goal of Operation Togo II.  To eliminate the retreating enemy forces, the 23rd Army continued its advance westward. On November 15, the 104th Division took Xincheng, while the 3rd Division captured Yizhou and the 13th Division moved towards Hechi, effectively cutting off the Chinese retreat and destroying the remaining enemy troops. The 3rd Division then advanced north, capturing Huanjian on November 27, while the 13th Division continued west, successfully taking Nandan on November 28 and Dushan on December 2. In response, Tanaka dispatched the 22nd Division and the 23rd Independent Mixed Brigade to capture Nanning, which fell by November 28. By early December, elements of the 22nd Division joined forces with the Indochinese garrison near Shangsi, marking the conclusion of Operation Ichi-Go. After ten days of fierce fighting, the Japanese forces captured Guilin and entered Liuzhou on the same day. Sporadic fighting persisted as Chinese forces retreated rapidly. By November 24, the Japanese had taken control of 75 counties in Guangxi, encompassing about two-thirds of the region. Reports indicate that they killed 215,000 civilians in reprisals and during crossfire, injuring over 431,000. After the fall of Guilin and Liuzhou, the majority of NRA troops lost their morale and retreated without ever confronting the enemy, leading to significant losses in both equipment and personnel. This event became one of the most devastating defeats of the entire Second Sino-Japanese War. Nevertheless, despite having destroyed the airbases in this area, the USAAF could still launch attacks on the Japanese mainland from their other bases. While the Japanese achieved some objectives of Operation Ichigo, it ultimately expanded the territory they needed to defend and significantly weakened their lines, creating a favorable scenario for future counterattacks by Chinese forces. After destroying enemy air bases and annihilating the main enemy forces in the Guilin-Liuzhen area, the 6th Area Army assigned the 22nd Division and the 22nd Independent Mixed Brigade to the 11th Army to secure strategic locations in the region, while the 23rd Army returned to Guangzhou and the Leizhou Peninsula. By the operation's end, Japanese losses were estimated at around 100,000 killed, 200,000 wounded, and significant material losses, including 1,938 small river vessels and 367 aircraft. In contrast, Chinese losses totaled approximately 310,000 killed, 410,000 wounded, and 80,000 captured, along with substantial war material losses, including 312 Allied aircraft, resulting in the deaths of 100 Americans. Additionally, the entire Japanese offensive resulted in the deaths of approximately 500,000 civilians. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. The fight on Leyte gruels on as the fight for Peleliu finally came to an end. The controversial battle of Peleliu would have major ramifications for American planners going forward. In China, absolute horror was continuing to be inflicted upon the Chinese people, leaving to the massacre of hundreds of thousands in a war that just never seemed like it would end.

Georgia's president calls for protests as major violations are reported in the country's elections. Plus: where do Indo-Chinese relations stand? Then: the New York City Subway celebrates 120 years.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

When we think of the history of French colonialism in Indochina, we tend to think of the French in Indochina. Yet during the colonial period about 200,000 Vietnamese, Cambodians, and Lao travelled to France to study, work, or plan revolution. While we may be familiar with the most famous of these Indochinese sojourners in France, Nguyen Ai Quoc, aka Ho Chi Minh, the stories of these other Indochinese sojourners have never been told – until now.  In this highly original, exhaustively researched book, Subjects and Sojourners: A History of Indochinese in France (University of California Press, 2024), Charles Keith reconstructs the lives of these Indochinese sojourners, and shows how living in France changed them, and how they, in turn, changed Indochina. The book contributes to a booming area of historiography that emphasizes the interconnections between people in different parts of the world, including peoples in colonized states and the colonial metropole. Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/southeast-asian-studies

Chinese fast-fashion giant Shein, one of the companies banned in India in 2020, is set to make a comeback, this time under a licensing agreement with Reliance Industries. Other Chinese entities like HKC and the Adani Group's new subsidiary in China hint at a possible shift in India's business approach towards its neighbour. Do all these point to a change in Indo-Chinese relations, at least as far as business is concerned? Hosts Anirban Chowdhury and Dia Rekhi discuss the dynamics with ET Prime's Shabori Das and public policy and China expert Amit Bhandari. ET Podcasts now has a new show. 7@7 is your quick, sharp sub 5 minute daily roundup of financial news from India and the world. Tune in to Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Amazon Prime Music, Jio Saavn, Youtube or wherever you get your podcasts from! Check out other interesting episodes from the host like: The Telegram Problem, Why The GST Official is India Inc's New Boogeyman, Bangladesh Battered, Taxing Times for Infosys, Will OLA Electrify the Markets?, and more! You can follow Anirban Chowdhury on his social media: Twitter and Linkedin Catch the latest episode of ‘The Morning Brief' on ET Play, The Economic Times Online, Spotify, Apple Podcasts, JioSaavn, Amazon Music and Youtube.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

The JSW Group-MG Motor wants to bring the “Maruti moment” to the Indian EV industry. The steel major and Chinese auto giant have ambitious targets of flooding the market with new, flashy models and clocking 1 million sales volume by as early as 2030. The number is several multiples of the total EVs sold in India last year. Are these realisable targets? Will the partnership help MG to expand in a market that doesn't look kindly to Chinese entities? Are there more Indo-Chinese auto partnerships in the offing? Host Anirban Chowdhury breaks it down with Puneet Gupta, Director - S&P Global Mobility, Shally Seth Mohile, and Rajiv Ghosh of Economic Times. Also listen to excerpts of an exclusive interview with Rajeev Chaba, president, MG Motor India only on the latest episode of The Morning Brief podcast! If you like this episode from Anirban Chowdhury, check out his other interesting episodes on Fatigued & Flying: Why tired pilots are a wake-up call, Vizhinjam Port: Can Adani make India a global shipping hub?, Bhilai to Burj: The Rs. 5,000 Cr Bollywood Studded Mahadev Book Scam and more! You can follow Anirban Chowdhury on his social media: Twitter and Linkedin  Catch the latest episode of ‘The Morning Brief' on ET Play, The Economic Times Online, Spotify, Apple Podcasts, Amazon Music and Google Podcasts. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Jesse Sutanto is the best selling author of Dial A for Aunties and Vera Wang's Unsolicited Advise for Murders and the winner of the Comic Writer in Print Award 2021. Jesse and I chat about her latest book in her very funny Aunties crime series The Good, The Bad and The Auntie, about her journey from Oxford MFA in Creative Writing, to leaning into her irreverent funny side and the success it led to. We also talk about writing drafts in 5 weeks (yes 5 weeks!!), the joy of sharing her Indo-Chinese culture with the rest fo the world and her favourite funny authors.LinksThe Good, The Bad and The Aunties - Jesse SutantoDial A For Aunties - Jesse SutantoVera Wang's Unsolicited Advice for Murders - Jesse SutantoJesse Sutanto on Instagram @jesseqsutantoNot Too Busy To Write on Substack pennywincer.substack.comWrite Your Non-Fiction Book Proposal with Penny Wincer is at 7pm March 27th Book you place here - pennywincerwrites.com/workshopsPodcast listeners can use the code TOOBUSY at checkout to receive £5 off

A delicious and nutritious soup that is ready in minutes but equally filling. The Manchow Soup is a popular Indo-Chinese soup loaded with veggies. Topped with crispy fried noodles. Try out this easy-to-cook recipe.

In this episode of The Signal Daily, we are bringing back two of our timeless stories.  Food from the two most populous countries is everywhere now. You can find Indo-Chinese dishes in Indian and Nepali restaurants across the US. People are loving the mix of flavours! In other news, regular diamonds aren't as popular as they used to be. More and more folks are going for lab-grown diamonds because they're cheaper. In India, some businesses are jumping on this trend, and the government is backing them up. The Signal Daily is produced in association with IVM.The episode was researched and written by Dhruv Sharma and Anup SemwalEdited by Venkat AnanthProduced by ManaswiniMastered and mixed by Manas and NirvaanSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Food from the two most populous countries is everywhere now. You can find Indo-Chinese dishes in Indian and Nepali restaurants across the US. People are loving the mix of flavours! In other news, regular diamonds aren't as popular as they used to be. More and more folks are going for lab-grown diamonds because they're cheaper. In India, some businesses are jumping on this trend, and the government is backing them up. The Signal Daily is produced in association with IVM.The episode was researched and written by Dhruv Sharma and Anup SemwalEdited by Venkat AnanthProduced by ManaswiniMastered and mixed by Manas and Nirvaan See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

You know how much I love cosy crime, so I thought that after almost 3 months I would take a trip down memory lane and remind you why this is a genre I think you may enjoy. This week I am taking a look at the first cosy crime novel by author Jesse Sutanto, Dial A for Aunties. It's a fun jaunt with a sort of 1980s Weekend at Bernie's twist. There are jewel heists, a dead body in a cooler, 4 incredible Indo-Chinese aunties who would do anything for their family and a woman who suddenly reunites with the love of her life at what could be legitimately the wedding from hell. So, find out what I thought of this novel brought to you by the author who wrote Vera Wong's Unsolicited Advice for Murderers. How did I like it!? Featured Episodes Cosy Crime Playlist

"Chinatown Fading" is a captivating mini-series where our reporter Suryatapa Mukherjee delves into the vanishing stories of Kolkata's Chinese-Indian community. In the second episode of “Chinatown Fading,” she embarks on a culinary exploration that goes beyond flavours.  The episode traverses the evolving landscape of Chinese-Indian cuisine, witnessing its widespread popularity across the nation. From vibrant street stalls to upscale restaurants, the allure of Indo-Chinese dishes has swept India. However, within this culinary triumph lies a poignant narrative—the fading essence of authentic Chinese cuisine, lovingly preserved by the dwindling immigrant community. Join in as we unravel the tale of Chinese food—a journey of cultural fusion and preservation.See sunoindia.in/privacy-policy for privacy information.

    Jonathan Fairbain speaks to Owner and chef, Naveen Singh talking about the fairly new spot that serves authentic Indian and Indo-Chinese cuisine in Rivonia.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In this week's episode, I feature Remix Restaurant in Richmond. I feature Hakka Momo Corner in Richmond that specializes in Indo-Chinese fare. I feature Lovelarte café in North Vancouver. I feature Afghan Chopan in Richnond. I feature Wicks Café in Marpole. I feature the upcoming Steveston Spot Prawn & Seafood festival. I feature Together at Sobo, new cookbook by Chef Lisa Ahier. I talk about the Purdy's Chocolatier Pride bar promotion. Lastly, the Vancouver Art Gallery launches the Art Party series. Follow me on Instagram, TikTok and Twitter @Vanfoodster as well to visit VancouverFoodster.com for everything food in Vancouver and beyond.

The third most spoken language in Texas behind English and Spanish is Vietnamese. This is especially evident in Houston, a metropolis that's home to more than 120,000 residents of Indo Chinese descent where restaurant menus tout such Texas-Asian dishes as Viet-Cajun crawfish, brisket pho and Vietnamese beef fajitas. Considering that prior to 1975 the city's population claimed fewer than 100 Vietnamese, this community's growth and visibility is remarkable. Yet the mass migration that followed the fall of Saigon not only reshaped the politics and foodscapes of urban centers like Houston, Dallas and New Orleans, but smaller towns along the Gulf Coast. In this episode, we'll explore this impact through a visit with the congregants of Saint Peter's Catholic Church, in the town of Rockport, Texas. Founded by Vietnamese arrivals in the early 1980s, they have long raised funds through a monthly Saturday cook off. While sampling egg rolls, bun and shrimp, we'll hear stories that reveal not only the history and challenges of resettlement, but hope of the American promise, and how coastal Texas and Vietnam share more in common than one might initially realize. Hu Dat, Corpus Hu Dat/Benchwarmers Hu Dat, Portland Diane Wilson Diane Wilson's successful lawsuit against Formosa Plastics violations of the Clean Water Act are at the center of the “Point Comfort” episode of the Netflix documentary series, Dirty Money. For more information on the ongoing campaign to clean the waters of Lavaca and San Antonio Bays near Seadrift, click here. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/evan-stern1/message

Tonight's special guest is Dr. Patrick Gannon, PHD, from San Francisco, a Clinical and Performance Psychologist. He works with individuals, groups and couples and specializes in trauma, anxiety, depression, performance anxiety, life transitions, relationship issues, parenting issues and performance coaching. Our NAASCA family members may know him best for founding www.ASCAsupport.org in 1992. In fact,  Dr. Gannon has founded four mental health programs during the course of his career including a treatment program for Indochinese refugees following the Vietnam war, a child and family mental health outreach program in San Francisco's Tenderloin neighborhood, a secular, skill-based marriage preparation program (with his wife Dr. Michelle Gannon) and an international self-help program for adult survivors of child abuse based on his book 'Soul Survivors: A New Beginning for Adults Abused as Children'. Addressed to adults who suffered from child abuse of all kinds, this comprehensive guide is a model of clarity and organization. More recently, Dr. Gannon has developed a multi-modal treatment model for performance anxiety and peak performance training for musicians, athletes, public speakers, emergency medical and law enforcement personnel, soldiers, test takers, writers, and litigators. He sees clients in his San Francisco office and works nationally via Zoom. He is a member of the American Psychological Association and the Performing Arts Medicine Association. Website: www.PeakPerformance101.com.

The People's School for Marxist-Leninist Studies presents Chapter 1 of Irwin Silber's book "Kampuchea: The Revolution Rescued". Silber details the disastrous ultra-left policies of the Pol Pot regime, their origins and outcomes, and analyzes the changing reactions to those policies among North American radical groups. He argues convincingly in favor of Vietnames intervention on behalf of the Kampuchean Front for National Salvation, situating it in the context of the broader Indochinese revolutionary process. He records the remarkable economic and political achievements of the People's Republic of Kampuchea and explains the problems that lie ahead. A particular contribution is Silber's consideration, in terms of Marxist-Leninist theory, of some of the knotty questions posed by the troubled course of the Kampuchean revolution. This book is essential reading for all students of Southeast Asia and, indeed, of 20th century revolutions. This text is available at newoutlookpublishers.store/shop/uncategorized/kamp… Connect with PSMLS: linktr.ee/peoplesschool Sign up to join the PSMLS mailing list and get notified of new Zoom classes every Tuesday and Thursday: eepurl.com/h9YxPb

Chef Nelson Wang created his signature dish Chicken Manchurian in 1975. It was the birth of modern Indo-Chinese cuisine which went on to become hugely popular around the world. He went on to open China Garden, a Chinese restaurant in Mumbai that would draw in Bollywood's glitterati. Nelson's son Edward Wang, who is also a chef, speaks to Reena Stanton-Sharma. (Photo: Chicken Manchurian. Credit: Paul Yeung/South China Morning Post via Getty Images)

Soft paneer pieces coated in a lip-smacking sauce. Garlic Chilli Paneer is a quick and delicious fusion Indo-Chinese recipe that will have you reaching out for more. Works great as an appetizer or a side. The Mads' Cookhouse podcast has been listed #8 among the Top 40 Home Cooking Podcasts on the web. Thank you dear listeners for your continued love and support.

"Vietnamese President receives the head of the German World University Service Vietnamese President Nguyen Xuan Phuc received Kambiz Ghawami, representative of the German state of Hesse and president of the German World University Service organization, on a working visit to Vietnam. Hanoi (VNA) - Vi" "--START AD- #TheMummichogblogOfMalta Amazon Top and Flash Deals(Affiliate Link - You will support our translations if you purchase through the following link) - https://amzn.to/3CqsdJH Compare all the top travel sites in just one search to find the best hotel deals at HotelsCombined - awarded world's best hotel price comparison site. (Affiliate Link - You will support our translations if you purchase through the following link) - https://www.hotelscombined.com/?a_aid=20558 “So whatever you wish that others would do to you, do also to them, for this is the Law and the Prophets."" #Jesus #Catholic. END AD---" "etnamese President Nguyen Xuan Phuc received Kambiz Ghawami, representative of the German state of Hesse and president of the German World University Service organization, on a working visit to Vietnam. The Vietnamese head of state appreciated Kambiz Ghawami's important contributions in promoting cooperation between Vietnam and Germany in the field of education for many years, especially the cooperation between Vietnam and the German state of Hesse. For his part, Kambiz Ghawami stressed the will to promote cooperation between Vietnam and Germany in education and training and informed the Vietnamese president about his work with some top-level educational institutions in the Indochinese country. Vietnamese President receives the head of the German World University Service hinh anh 2 Vietnamese President Nguyen Xuan Phuc and Kambiz Ghawami, President of the German World University Service organization (Source: VNA) Through the German World University Service, Hesse has awarded scholarships to Vietnamese students, he added. Earlier, the Ministry of Education and Training organized the opening ceremony of the campus of Viet Duc University in the southern province of Binh Duong. The project is implemented on the basis of the cooperative relationship between the Ministry of Education and Training of Vietnam, the Ministry of Science and Arts of the State of Hesse and the Ministry of Education and Research of Germany./. https://es.vietnamplus.vn/presidente-vietnamita-recibe-al-jefe-del-servicio-universitario-mundial-de-alemania/168716.vnp "

Singapore is one of the smallest countries on the planet, and its rapid rise from a small trading settlement to a bustling modern metropolis has destroyed 95% of its historical forests, driving the extinction of many species of animals. The islands were once home to the Malayan Tiger and the Indo-Chinese leopard and today, there is just one species of wild cat left in Singapore - the leopard cat - with around 50 individuals estimated to be in the wild. Whilst the leopard cat may be relatively common in some other countries, for Singaporeans, protecting this cat - their last wild cat - is incredibly important. So in this episode, we're going to meet Vilma D'Rozario and Marcus Chua from the community-run Singapore Wild Cat Action Group to learn more about the leopard cat and how they engage Singaporeans to help protect and save their last wild cat. Guests Vilma D'Rozario - Singapore Wild Cat Action Group Marcus Chua - Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum Links Singapore Wild Cat Action Group Cover Image Credit: Marcus Chua

This episode is also available as a blog post: https://thecitylife.org/2022/10/18/to-celebrate-22-years-in-business-utsav-unveils-a-new-indochinese-menu-and-youre-invited/ --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/citylifeorg/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/citylifeorg/support

Welcome to the Instant Trivia podcast episode 549, where we ask the best trivia on the Internet. Round 1. Category: All Fall Down 1: "Saturday Night Live" comic known for pratfalls he took imitating Gerald Ford. Chevy Chase. 2: The World Book calls them "generally more clumsy" than frogs. toads. 3: Popular comic strip with a character known as Clumsy Carp. B.C.. 4: Familiar nursery rhyme from which this category's title is taken. "Ring Around the Roses (Rosies)". 5: Kim Zimmer fell down on her way to pick up one of these awards in 1986, Kathleen Noone in 1987. Daytime Emmy. Round 2. Category: Also A Candy 1: A buoyant jacket used to keep a person afloat. a life saver. 2: "Cabaret" club. Kit Kat. 3: Giant lies. whoppers. 4: A tract of land covered in scrubby evergreen plants. a heath bar. 5: Ninepins. skittles. Round 3. Category: "B" Plus 1: The alpha factor measures a stock's own volatility; this Greek letter compares it to the entire market. beta. 2: In this sport, the ball has 3 holes in which you put your fingers. bowling. 3: It speaks to Moses in Exodus 3. the burning bush. 4: Beginning in the 1970s, more than 1 million of these Indochinese refugees fled the Communist regmes where they lived. boat people. 5: This national variety of python can grow to 30 feet long. the Burmese python. Round 4. Category: Pox, Plague And Pestilence 1: This man who found Livingstone also helped spread Congolese sleeping sickness while establishing trading stations. Stanley. 2: The first recorded epidemic of this salivary gland-swelling disease was described around 410 B.C. in Greece. mumps. 3: Causing thousands of deaths, abnormally high temperatures in 1803 led to Spanish outbreaks of this colorful fever. yellow fever. 4: Deadly outbreaks of cholera and typhus struck British, French and Russian soldiers equally in this 1853-56 war. the Crimean War. 5: A devastating 17th c. plague epidemic on this island 58 miles south of Sicily killed 1 in 7 people. Malta. Round 5. Category: Sports Superstitions 1: For boxers, it's unlucky to be the first to enter this area. The ring. 2: It's bad luck in this sport for a dog to cross the diamond before the first pitch. Baseball. 3: Avoid faults by never holding more than 2 balls when serving in this sport. Tennis. 4: Hey hockey puck! Don't stack this piece of equipment crossing another player's; it's bad luck. Hockey. 5: Gone fishing? Don't reveal this until you are done for the day. Your catch/number of fish you caught. Thanks for listening! Come back tomorrow for more exciting trivia! Special thanks to https://blog.feedspot.com/trivia_podcasts/

In this episode of The Global Exchange, Colin Robertson speaks to Mike Molloy about the logistics of welcoming refugees to Canada. Participants' Biographies: A career foreign service officer, Mike Molloy has 35 years of experience in international and refugee affairs and served in Japan, Lebanon, Minnesota, Geneva, Jordan (twice), Syria and Kenya. In 1972 he helped bring 6000 Ugandan Asians to Canada. He led the implementation of the refugee provisions of the 1976 Immigration Act including the refugee sponsorship program, the designated classes, the WUSC student refugee program and the annual refugee planning process. Between 1979 and 1980 he coordinated the resettlement of 60,000 Indochinese refugees. He served as Counsellor for Humanitarian Affairs at the Canadian Mission in Geneva and managed immigration operations in Jordan, Syria and East Africa. https://carleton.ca/history/people/michael-james-molloy/ Host biography Colin Robertson is a former diplomat, and Senior Advisor to the Canadian Global Affairs Institute, https://www.cgai.ca/colin_robertson Recording Date: 4 May 2022. Give 'The Global Exchange' a review on Apple Podcast! Follow the Canadian Global Affairs Institute on Facebook, Twitter (@CAGlobalAffairs), or on Linkedin. Head over to our website www.cgai.ca for more commentary. Produced by Charlotte Duval-Lantoine. Music credits to Drew Phillips.

Chicken Manchurian! Need I say more? Tender and juicy chicken pieces coated in a lip-smacking sauce. Try out this easy-to-cook recipe of the ever-popular Indo-Chinese dish. The Mads' Cookhouse podcast has been listed #13 among the Top 40 Home Cooking Podcasts on the web. Thank you dear listeners for your continued love and support.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Strengthens Protections for Captive Tigers under the Endangered Species Act   In an effort to strengthen protections for certain captive tigers under the Endangered Species Act (ESA), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has finalized a rule declaring that captive “generic” tigers — tigers of unknown genetic background or crosses between two different subspecies of tigers — are no longer exempt from certain permitting requirements.   Anyone selling tigers across state lines must now first obtain an interstate commerce permit or register under the Captive-bred Wildlife Registration program regardless of whether it is a generic tiger or a pure subspecies.   “Removing the loophole that enabled some tigers to be sold for purposes that do not benefit tigers in the wild will strengthen protections for these magnificent creatures and help reduce the trade in tigers that is so detrimental to wild populations,” said Service Director Dan Ashe. “This will be a positive driver for tiger conservation.”   The wild tiger is under severe threat from habitat loss and the demand for tiger parts in traditional Asian medicine. Once abundant throughout Asia, today the species numbers only 3,000-5,000 animals in small fragmented groups. As a result, tigers are protected as endangered under the ESA and under Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) – the highest levels of international protection. Tigers readily breed in captivity, however, and the number of captive tigers in the United States alone likely exceeds the numbers found in the wild, although the exact number is currently unknown.   The Service has worked with international partners to implement measures that ensure wild tigers survive in their native habitats and that captive tigers do not contribute to the illegal trade in tiger parts.  While this new rule does not prevent individuals from owning generic tigers, extending the permitting or registration requirement to all tigers strengthens the Service's efforts in addressing the illegal wildlife trade, both domestically and internationally. This rule results in a uniform policy that applies to all tigers and will help Service law enforcement agents enforce the ESA.   The final rule will publish in the Federal Register on April 6, 2016, and will go into effect 30 days after publication on May 6, 2016.   For a copy of the final rule, please go to http://www.fws.gov/policy/frsystem/default.cfm and click on 2016 Final Rules for Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants.   Note: Big Cat Rescue has been pressuring the USFWS since at least 2007 to rescind this loophole and on 8/22/11 after a meeting with the USFWS the Generic Tiger issue was published to the Federal Register for public comment and got over 15,000 comments in support of our request to ban the breeding of non purebred tigers. Carole Baskin emailed those in charge, at least every six months, during this 9 year process, always asking when they would finally take action.  According to their Q&A it sounds like the USFWS may still rubber stamp activities that really don't help tiger conservation, but it's a step. Regulations can't work, because USDA and USFWS don't have the resources nor apparently the will to enforce the weak rules they have, so that is why we need an all out ban on the private possession of big cats.  You can help get that done at http://BigCatAct.com   Questions and Answers   U.S. Captive-bred Inter-subspecific Crossed or Generic Tigers Final Rule   What action is the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service taking?   The U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service has finalized a rule that strengthens protections for certain captive tigers under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). The final rule declares that captive “generic tigers” (Panthera tigris) (i.e., specimens not identified or identifiable as members of Bengal, Sumatran, Siberian or Indochinese subspecies (P. t. tigris, P. t. sumatrae, P. t. altaica and P. t. corbetti, respectively)) are no longer exempt from certain permitting requirements.   Anyone selling tigers across state lines must now first obtain an interstate commerce permit or register under the Captive-bred Wildlife Registration (CBW) program, regardless of whether it is a generic tiger or a pure subspecies.   What is a generic tiger?   Inter-subspecific crossed or “generic” tigers are of unknown genetic origin and are typically not maintained in a manner to ensure that inbreeding or other inappropriate matings of animals do not occur.   What is the CBW program?   In 1979, the Service established Captive-bred Wildlife (CBW) regulations to reduce federal permitting requirements and facilitate the breeding of endangered and threatened species for conservation purposes. Under the CBW program, otherwise prohibited activities, such as interstate commerce, are authorized, but only when the activities can be shown to enhance the propagation or survival of the species. Registrants of the CBW program must provide a written annual report with information on activities including births, deaths and transfers of specimens.   Why were generic tigers exempted from the CBW?   In 1998, the Service amended the CBW regulations to delete the requirement to register under the program for holders of inter-subspecific crossed or generic tigers. This exemption was based on the alleged lack of conservation value of these specimens due to their mixed or unknown genetic composition, and the belief there was conservation value in exhibition designed to educate the public about the ecological role and conservation needs of the species. The intention behind the exemption was for the Service to focus its oversight on populations of “purebred” animals of the various tiger subspecies to further their conservation in the wild. Despite this exemption, inter-subspecific crossed or generic tigers are still protected under the ESA. Tigers have been listed under the ESA as endangered since 1970.   Why should generic tigers now be included under CBW registration?   By exempting holders of inter-subspecific crossed or generic tigers from the CBW registration process in 1998, the Service may have inadvertently suggested that the breeding of inter-subspecific crossed or generic tigers qualifies as conservation. By removing the CBW exemption, the Service can reinforce the value of conservation breeding of individual tiger subspecies and discourage the breeding of inter-subspecific crossed or generic tigers. The Service has finalized this change to the regulations to ensure the agency can maintain strict oversight of captive tigers in the United States.   Withdrawing the CBW exemption for generic tigers would also close a loophole in current federal and state regulations that could allow for the use of captive U.S. tigers in trade in a manner inconsistent with conservation of the species. It places the United States in a stronger position in international negotiations regarding commercial tiger breeding farms in Asia and trade in tiger parts.   How will removal of the generic tiger exemption from the CBW regulations impact current owners of generic tigers?   Removing the CBW exemption for generic tigers will not result in control of private ownership, and will not impact sale of generic tigers within their state of residence (intrastate commerce) or non-commercial movement across state lines. However, other activities, such as the sale of animals across state lines (interstate commerce), would require authorization from the Service before such actions could be taken.   While this new rule does not prevent individuals from owning generic tigers, the permitting or registration requirement for all tigers strengthens the Service's efforts in addressing the illegal wildlife trade, both domestically and internationally. Tigers are listed under Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), which includes species threatened with extinction. Trade in specimens of these species is permitted only in exceptional circumstances.   This final rule results in a uniform policy that applies to all tigers and will help Service law enforcement agents enforce the ESA.   Would all private owners have to apply for a permit before breeding their tigers?   Private owners would still be able to breed generic tigers without a permit for sale or commercial purposes within their state or for non-commercial movement across state lines, provided that you meet the criteria of the Captive Wildlife Safety Act.   I own a male and female tiger and would like to breed them so that I can give a cub to my daughter. Would I need to apply for a permit under this new regulation?   If you plan to give the cub away as opposed to selling it, you would not need to apply for a permit, regardless of the recipient's state, provided that you meet the criteria of the Captive Wildlife Safety Act if the cub is going across state lines. If you have additional cubs in the litter, you could sell them within your state to someone else who resides in the same state or donate them to sanctuaries or others, either inside or outside of your state. Again, you would need to meet the criteria of the Captive Wildlife Safety Act if moving tigers across state lines.   I'm a private owner of tigers and I often display them at fairs and festivals in other states. Would the new regulation prohibit me from doing this?   The new regulation would still allow generic tigers to cross state lines for exhibition purposes, as long as the tigers are not to be sold or offered for sale.   How can I meet the standard to get a permit or register under the CBW regulations to sell a generic tiger across state lines if the Service is saying that generic tigers have no any conservation value?   The CBW registration was set up to allow institutions that were breeding listed species for conservation purposes to sell animals across state lines to other registered facilities. While it is true that breeding these animals would not provide a direct conservation benefit to the species in the wild and therefore the Service probably would not register a facility with generic tigers, it is still possible to obtain an individual permit authorizing interstate commerce with a generic tiger if the applicant meets the issuance criteria established in our regulations, i.e., if the parties involved in the sale are carrying out activities that enhance the propagation or survival of the species. While it is unlikely that such a commercial transaction would provide a direct benefit to the species, such as reintroduction, there may be indirect benefits that could be obtained from the transaction. It should also be noted that the requirement to show this benefit could be met through an individual or institution, or a group of individuals or institutions together, working to provide a benefit to the species in the wild.   For example, if one or more zoological institutions were purchasing inter-subspecific crossed or generic tigers for educational and display purposes, they could provide support (e.g., via the solicitation of donations from visitors) to carry out on-the-ground conservation efforts in the tiger's native range. The Service prefers a clear on-going commitment of several years on the part of the applicant for such conservation or research support. This on-going commitment could be fulfilled by a group of institutions working together to maximize their resources for the benefit of tigers in the wild.   What will the economic impact be on the public and small businesses?   The Service does not have data on how many businesses are involved in the interstate commerce of generic tigers, the number of businesses for which an interstate commerce permit or registration in the CBW program will be a viable option, and the economic impacts if prospective applicants are unable to either secure an interstate commerce permit or registration in the CBW program. Nonetheless, the Service believes that the regulatory change is not major in scope and would create only a modest financial or paperwork burden on the affected members of the general public.   This rule would not have a significant economic effect. If individuals or breeding operations wish to carry out an otherwise prohibited activity, such as interstate commerce, it would require that a permit application be submitted to the Service at a cost of $100-$200 per application. Submission of an application, however, would not be a guarantee that authorization will be granted.   Hi, I'm Carole Baskin and I've been writing my story since I was able to write, but when the media goes to share it, they only choose the parts that fit their idea of what will generate views.  If I'm going to share my story, it should be the whole story.  The titles are the dates things happened. If you have any interest in who I really am please start at the beginning of this playlist: http://savethecats.org/   I know there will be people who take things out of context and try to use them to validate their own misconception, but you have access to the whole story.  My hope is that others will recognize themselves in my words and have the strength to do what is right for themselves and our shared planet.     You can help feed the cats at no cost to you using Amazon Smile! Visit BigCatRescue.org/Amazon-smile   You can see photos, videos and more, updated daily at BigCatRescue.org   Check out our main channel at YouTube.com/BigCatRescue   Music (if any) from Epidemic Sound (http://www.epidemicsound.com) This video is for entertainment purposes only and is my opinion.  Closing graphic with permission from https://youtu.be/F_AtgWMfwrk

Hi

Actrice en schrijver Bodil de la Parra onderzoekt in haar nieuwe voorstelling Dagen van rijst haar Indo-Chinese roots. In de jaren zestig en zeventig groeide ze op in een nieuwbouwflat in Amsterdam-Osdorp. Als kind doet ze er alles aan om ‘normaal' te zijn en probeert ze zich steeds aan te passen aan de mensen bij wie ze is: haar vrijgevochten ouders, haar Indo-Chinese grootouders en haar vrienden op de bekrompen buurtschool. Bij het leegruimen van de flat vindt ze niet alleen foto's van de wilde feestjes van haar ouders, maar stuit ze ook op vergeten Chinese tradities en ze vraagt zich af in hoeverre die haar leven hebben beïnvloed.  Atze de Vrieze gaat met Bodil de la Parra in gesprek. 

If you want to see them squirm, here are the questions to ask. And what I know about the real answer.   Michael Sandlin   1. Is it true there had been a ban on keeping tigers in Iberville Parish since 1993? Yes 2. Why was a special exception made for you?  I heard it was because of family relationships. 3. What accredited sanctuaries (GFAS or ASA, not Joe's USZA) have offered to take Tony at no charge and even to do so quietly to help you save face?  Big Cat Rescue, Wild Animal Sanctuary and possibly others.  I know that most GFAS cat sanctuaries would do it just to stop our phones from ringing with all of the complaints by those who see the tiger living in a truck stop. 4. Why choose Joe, who is still under investigation by USDA for the deaths of 23 tiger cubs, or Serenity Springs, which is currently in litigation with USDA for substandard care, over places with such great reputations and resources if you love Tony?   I know you only have 10 minutes so I will try to keep it to the most pertinent.  Questions for Joe Schreibvogel, but you should ask for proof because I think he is an experienced con man:   1. How many big cats live at GW Zoo? The reason to ask that is he claims to only own 47 of them and says the rest are owned by others, so see if you can pin down who they are and how many cats each of them owns.  Beth Corley hasn't been there in years, but someone, presumably Joe, keeps renewing her license to keep as many at 200 animals on one inspection report.  John Reinke or Joe always signs the USDA reports for all of these other "owners" that include a circus owned by Doug Terranova and I suspect one run by Gary Douglas, but not sure of the latter. 2. What are the ages of your cats? On his census he listed 2 born in 1999 and 3 born in 2000 and all of the rest were younger. Compare to real sanctuaries and you will find our average ages are 15-20, because we aren't breeding cats.  He has to keep a census, in case USDA wants to see it, so ask to see it. 3. How many big cats were born on his grounds in the past 20 years? The spreadsheet I'll send you will show 131 cats born there between 2001 and 2011.  (We bred cats here, back in the 1990s, before we knew that they can't help conservation in any way, and still have 12 alive from back then.  The rest of our 97 cats have been rescued.) 4. How many cats have you sold or given away?  Given the fact that Joe keeps offloading cats to places we consider pretty awful, and so many cats seem to just disappear, why is this the best place for Tony?   Please don't copy Joe with the following as we are building a case against him, but feel free to question him about the specifics.   Some Places Joe Sent Cats   1. 10/24/10 Joe sent a Tiger to Wildwoods in PA   In 2012 USDA cited Wildwoods for keeping a tiger in a cage only 72 in high and not big enough to move around freely.  Photos show tiny, barren, concrete and steel cells for tigers   Exhibits:  USDA inspections, three photos of tiny, barren cages   2. 6/21/11  Joe sent a leopard to Jeremy Hinkle (Joe's spelling “Jeromy”)   As of 2011 Jeremy Hinkle had racked up13 bad USDA inspections in 5 yrs   Exhibits:  USDA inspections, news from 2011   USDA inspections included: • Failure to provide veterinary care to animals who had broken legs • Dangerous disrepair in big cat cages • Failure to provide shade to the tigers • Filthy conditions and rat infestation of feeding areas • Failure to provide clean drinking water • Improper handling of drugs and medications • Storing a dead lion in the freezer with the animal food   3. 6/25/11 Joe sent three tigers to Noah's Ark.  He sent a 4th tiger, but no date   Park manager says that these tigers were misrepresented to her as cats Joe rescued and did not have room for, but all of them had been born at GW Park and used as photo props.  Lost over $100k 2009 and 2010, raising issue of whether they were being sent to a place that could assure good care long term.   Exhibits:  USDA inspections 2008 and 2010, 990 2009-10   USDA inspections 2008 and 2010 included:   Failure to obtain health certificates for wild animals crossing state lines Improper storage and handling of food items to protect from contamination   4. 7/1/11 Joe sent a leopard to Tiger World and on 8/11/11 sent them a tiger   In 2011 Tiger World was fined by USDA for a long history of violations and their 990 shows them in the red.   Exhibits:  USDA inspections 2007-2011, 990s 2009-10, news article trying to send cats to Iraq, photo of tiny barren cage, Born Free press release re USDA revoking owner license and being sold to someone he trained.   USDA inspections included: Fine $2,571 in 2011 for the improper handling of a tiger, its escape and lack of barricades to protect the public, gave lions and tigers inappropriate toys they had chewed, including plastic barrels with chunks of sharp pieces missing and possibly ingested.   5. 8/4/11 Joe sent a tiger to the Hillcrest Clovis NM Zoo   Exhibits:  USDA inspections 2009-2011   USDA inspections included: Dilapidated cages, insecure doors, missing fences, poor housekeeping and flies and rats in the washroom, news article of zoo guests tormenting animals, facebook pictures of Sooner the tiger, who appears to have come from Joe and is chewing plastic   6. 8/20/11 sent 2 tigers to Robert Engessor of The Zoo   Engessor reportedly has sold lion cubs via the Animal Finder's Guide   Exhibits:  USDA inspections 2007-2011, visitor comments “sad exhibit of miserable animals” and another who said the facility was just as bad   USDA Inspections include: • In 2011 USDA cited The Zoo numerous times for: • Using a 16 week old cub that was unmanageable for interaction and photos • Using a 6 week old lion cub who had not been vaccinated yet for photo ops • Failing to provide proper food and water sources • Failure to provide adequate veterinary care • Failing to provide environmental enrichment to primates • Failing to maintain enclosures and transport trailers • Poor housekeeping • Leopard attacking a 5-year-old girl, causing injuries • In 2007 he was cited for Using an unvaccinated 6 week old cub for interaction and photos • Failure to keep proper transfer records   7. 10/25/11 Joe sent a tiger to Forever Wild Exotics   On Forever Wild's website they state that the person they got the cub from (Joe not mentioned by name) lied to them saying the 12 wk cub was DNA surplus for Indo Chinese breeding program.  Had ringworm and was actually 20 weeks old.   Exhibits:  2007 news article that they were in over their heads financially and that if their house went into foreclosure they would euthanize all of their animals, news article bragging that they wrestle with bears, 3 news articles about a leopard being so fat that her belly dragged the ground to the point of gaping holes that had to be sewn shut.   8. 12/18/11 Joe sent *3 tigers, 2 leopards, 1 liger and a serval to Serenity Springs   The very next month the USDA sued them for violations dating back to 2007 for:   • No vet from 2007-2010 • The deaths of 31 young animals • Failure to vaccinate against distemper and failure to safeguard cats from carriers • Failure to treat ringworm on tiger cubs • Lacking perimeter fence • Unsafe conditions • Performing euthanasia without a vet by cutting the tiger's throat • Owner bilked a volunteer out of $40,000 after volunteer was bitten by a tiger (owner was convicted of fraud).   Exhibits:  USDA inspections 2007-2011, USDA lawsuit 2012, news article 2006 about dishonest dealing, OSHA report, 990s 2007-2010,  Joe's missing health certificate 1714878 for import 12/11 of *4 tigers, 3 leopards, 2 ligers, 1 serval and a paca, news article bilking volunteer for 40,000 after injury by tiger   9. 02/2012 Joe sent 2 yearling tigers to Doug Terranova in Kaufman, TX   This was just a few months after Terranova was fined 25,000 by USDA for: • Failure to properly handle tigers, elephants and others • The death of two cubs that were born on the road while the circus was traveling • (offspring of a brother and sister mating) • The third cub was in such poor condition that it was seized by USDA • Failure to maintain proper records • Failure to allow USDA inspections • Exhibiting animals without proper licenses •  •  Joe says he NEVER sends big cats to private owners; only USDA facilities, but these people are not USDA licensed   10. 11/13/09 Joe sent a Leopard and a Liger to Springhill Wildlife Center   They do not have a USDA license   2008 caught trying to sell tiger cubs in WalMart parking lot to Mexicans Joe issued press release describing the horrid conditions of the cats at Springhill   Exhibits:  Joe issued press release 4/27/08 saying that he was rescuing “two more tigers in jeopardy at the Springhill Wildlife Park in Calvert, TX.” He went on to say that he had rescued 18 tigers from there the year before who were “requiring surgeries and veterinary rehabilitation,” and that many were missing toes and feet from botched declaw jobs, and that one had been hit so hard in the eye that part of her skull had to be removed.  4 news articles about Springhill being busted selling tigers to Mexican nationals in the parking lot of  at TX WalMart and 4 photos of same   11. 8/3/10 Joe sent a tiger to Pam Pape in PA   No USDA and no record of her anywhere.  (HB: Facility could have license under a different name, but this is name Joe listed in census.)   Exhibits:  Screenshot of USDA search showing no one by that name and a screen shot of Joe's facebook page showing that she is not a friend of his there   12. 8/26/11 Joe claims to have sent a tiger to Tammy Thompson in TX   Tammy Thompson had been dead for more than a year, if it was the same Tammy Thompson who had been a big cat collector since the 1990s.   (Now might be a good time to remind the Judge that Joe uses Brian Rhyne to set up companies and accounts because Brian Rhyne has been dead for years too.)   Exhibits:  There is a Tammy Tomson in USDA records. I have a 2010 notation in AbandonedAnimals.xls where her husband called me saying she had died and needed to place her leopard but the phone number is no longer any good   Joe didn't list these on his census but others reported buying from him   13. 2005 Joe sold three lion cubs to the Amarillo Zoo, TX for $1500 ea   Exhibits: 2008 USDA Consent Order which terminated Mr Azzopardi's license at the Amarillo Zoo after he was found guilty in 2006 of a federal crime involving the interstate trading in endangered clouded leopards and a white tiger,  PeTA factsheet, 4 pages of bad reviews from TripAdvisor   USDA inspections revealed:   • Animals standing in mud and waste • Insecure exotic cat caging   14. Capitol of Texas Zoo, Cedar Creek, TX   Cited by USDA for : • Keeping animals in dark or dimly lit quarters • Filthy conditions, incl cages full of matted fur and feces • Lack of barricades • Lack of perimeter fence • Unsafe cages • Improper diets • Escaped animals   Exhibits:  USDA inspections 2007-2011, PeTA factsheet   15. Dade City's Wild Things   Joe sold cub born around July 7, 2010 for $5000.   (We submitted FOIA request to get import permits from FWC but not arrived)   Exhibits:  TBO article 9/14/10 indicating 9 week old white cub came from GW Park and Joe says he sold it to her for $5000.  USDA inspections 2007-2012, 20 photos of wretched conditions, a visitor's report of deplorable conditions for the cats, LookOut Mtn lawsuit and Dept Ag complaint that includes is, foreclosure and bankruptcy documents, mug shots from bad check charge and a Yelp 2 star rating.   USDA inspections included: • Failure to provide vet care to injured animals • Lack of shelter for tigers • Dilapidated big cat cages • Unsafe handling of dangerous animals with the public • Rusty serval cage • Nails protruding in tiger cages • Poor drainage causing the cats to wade in deep water and mud after rain • Inadequate perimeter fence • Lack of barricades • Refusal to allow inspections   Recently lost lawsuit and ordered to return two gibbons to rightful owners.   Reportedly under investigation by the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Affairs.  Arrested for bad check charges, has multiple entities and multiple bankruptcies.   16. 7/22/2008 Joe sent two tiger cubs to Nay Aug Zoo, PA aka Genesis   Sent two cubs here in the same year that Time Magazine ranked this the fourth worst zoo in the country.  The zoo closed in 2009, one year after the cubs arrived.  The Nay Aug director noted that one cub came with a case of ringworm that she had been fighting for months and that the cub appears to have a compromised immune system.  Director said she had to “donate” to GW to reserve the cubs.   Exhibits:  News articles about the cubs coming to Nay Aug and the zoo closing, photos of the decrepit cages.   17. 1/30/11 Joe transferred a white tiger cub to Bill Rutherford of Wild Bill's, OK   Exhibits:  Facebook post by Wild Bill about it, screenshot shows no USDA license   18. 10/15/11 Stapps Circle S Ranch   Exhibits:  USDA inspection June 2011, news article about the 2010 cats, news article about 8 week old cub Aug 2011.   USDA inspection contained: The three tigers were being fed improperly and that the adult tigers had suffered metabolic bone disease as a result   Foreign Zoos where Joe sent cougars   19. Joe shipped 2 cougars to Zoological Park Organization, Thailand   Exhibits:  PeTA factsheet, document stating that the name above is not the name of a zoo, but is an organization of zoos, so we don't know exactly where the cat ended up, two photos of people posing with adult tigers and photo of rampant tiger poaching in Thailand, 3 pages of bad TripAdvisor reviews for Thailand's Phuket Zoo   20. 2000 Joe shipped a cougar to Seoul Grand Park Zoo, Korea   Exhibits:  PeTA factsheet, 4 photos of stark conditions at the zoo, a journalist's review of the zoo, along with photos showing it to be a miserable place for animals   21. Joe shipped a cougar to Sophia Municipal Zoo, Bulgaria   Exhibits:  PeTA factsheet and three articles showing barren cages and discussing the lack of funding for heating and animal care due to Bulgaria's political unrest   22. Joe sent 2 eleven month old tigers to Ryan Easley on 1/28/12   Exhibits:  USDA reports from 2011 and 2012 citing that animals were living in transport cages and some cages were unsafe.  Also that the animals had cuts on them.   23. Joe claimed Exchange/Transfer to Jamie Palazzo on 9/25/09   Exhibits:  USDA order fining Palazzo $10,000 and suspending license for three years on 5/10/10 in a lawsuit that had been pending since 2007.  Many 2009-2010 USDA inspections showing a lack of proper vet care, no shot records and many repeated violations.   24. Joe claimed to donate 2 Siberian Tigers to Teresa Shaffer on 9/26/09   Exhibits:  USDA inspections from 2010 and 2011 showing that animals were being kept in incompatible groups and not providing proper dens and shelter.   25. Joe claimed to donate two 7 mo old bears to Dodge City Zoo on 10/08/11   Exhibits:  TripAdvisor visitor reviews only give this “zoo” 3 out of 5 stars and 3 USDA inspections from 2010 and 2011 stating that cages were in poor repair, insufficient shelter or dens and dangerous gaps in rusty cages.   26. Joe claimed to donate 6 adult lions and 2 adult bears to Gregg Woody 11/11/08   Exhibits:  8 bad USDA inspections from 2010-2012 including a bear biting a keeper, lack of proper barriers, cats kept in transport wagons, cages too small and dilapidated, no shelter for big cats, sharp edges in cages, lack of vet care and refusing to allow access for inspections.  Joe's census says that he loaned Gregg Woody a white tiger cub DOB 4/17/11 (Galiath x Norma Gene) who died while in his care.  Joe provided no transfer USDA form, nor health certificate on this cub, but it is likely that he sent the cub to be a photo prop, which means the cub had probably already died before Joe sent Woody 6 more lions and 2 bears.   27. Joe transferred 2 6mo old tigers to Sue Pearce in FL on 11/5/11   Exhibits:  6 bad USDA inspections in just 2011 and 2012 including repeated violations on 12 issues, dead lemurs found, spoiled meat, platforms are chewed and clawed and splintered, and failure to provide proper vet care and follow up care.   28. Charlotte Turton  claims to have paid Joe for 4 day old cub 5/6/2009   Exhibits:  Charlotte does not have a USDA license under her name.  Charlotte's facebook photos and text saying:   Charlotte Turton aah i thought you knew... I adopted this baby when she was only 4 days old from a cat sanctuary in Oklahoma. I got to play with her for about a month and a half then she went out on the road with the traveling magic show.. then without letting me know they gave her to a facility in Illinois. if you look through my albums you can see her pics from day 4 forward   Joe says he sends all of his dead tigers to the "Bone Museum" but they said, in deposition, they only ever got one tiger from Joe.  I have a copy of citations by the county against Joe for burning and burying carcasses, so where do all of the tigers (and other dead bodies) go?   The reason this is an important question is because all of these charlatans who are breeding and pimping out cubs say they are doing it for conservation.  The fact is that it hurts conservation because China is banking on the extinction of the tiger in order for their farmed tiger bones, teeth, claws and pelts to become more valuable.   Judy Mills, copied here, just wrote a thrilling narrative on the subject called Blood of the Tiger.  In the book she makes it clear that we have to stop breeding tigers in the U.S. if we are going to save them in the wild because China points a finger at us, when we try to curb their tiger farming, and says, "You don't even know where your tigers are!"   You could do an entire segment with Judy on how tigers will completely disappear from the wild if we don't stop the captive trade in them.  For the cats,  Carole Baskin, CEO of Big Cat Rescue   Hi, I'm Carole Baskin and I've been writing my story since I was able to write, but when the media goes to share it, they only choose the parts that fit their idea of what will generate views.  If I'm going to share my story, it should be the whole story.  The titles are the dates things happened. If you have any interest in who I really am please start at the beginning of this playlist: http://savethecats.org/   I know there will be people who take things out of context and try to use them to validate their own misconception, but you have access to the whole story.  My hope is that others will recognize themselves in my words and have the strength to do what is right for themselves and our shared planet.     You can help feed the cats at no cost to you using Amazon Smile! Visit BigCatRescue.org/Amazon-smile   You can see photos, videos and more, updated daily at BigCatRescue.org   Check out our main channel at YouTube.com/BigCatRescue   Music (if any) from Epidemic Sound (http://www.epidemicsound.com) This video is for entertainment purposes only and is my opinion.

Welcome to the Instant Trivia podcast episode 268, where we ask the best trivia on the Internet. Round 1. Category: That's Write! 1: "Garabatos" in Spanish; Polly Wolly and a certain "Yankee" are dandy at these idle scribbles. doodles. 2: A preliminary version; the Brits spell it with a "ugh", we use an "f". a draft. 3: From the Latin for "to write across", it's making a written copy of dictated material. transcribe. 4: This type of will is written in your own hand; it sounds like it's in 3-D. holographic. 5: Pun alert! Oscar's illegibly written text of "Lady Windermere's Fan" would be this "of the Wilde". Scrawl. Round 2. Category: Symptoms Of Affluenza 1: You get the sweats thinking about this car company's Silver Shadow, Silver Cloud or Phantom model. Rolls-Royce. 2: Shortness of breath ordering 2 boxes of Cohiba cigars, first made in this country. Cuba. 3: You get weak-kneed fondling a tournament mallet used during chukkers in this sport. polo. 4: Heart palpitations when mentioning the Carnegie Abbey Members Only Club at Narragansett Bay in this state. Rhode Island. 5: Shivers walking through 718 Fifth Ave., the jewelry house of this "King of Diamonds". Harry Winston. Round 3. Category: "B" Plus 1: The alpha factor measures a stock's own volatility; this Greek letter compares it to the entire market. beta. 2: In this sport, the ball has 3 holes in which you put your fingers. bowling. 3: It's what Papa had in a 1965 James Brown hit. "A Brand New Bag". 4: Beginning in the 1970s, more than 1 million of these Indochinese refugees fled the Communist regmes where they lived. boat people. 5: This national variety of python can grow to 30 feet long. the Burmese python. Round 4. Category: 1992 Films 1: [audio -- music playing in background]Film that features the following love song:. The Bodyguard. 2: The 1992 sequel to this hit comedy is subtitled "Lost in New York". Home Alone. 3: Daniel Day-Lewis trained to fight with a tomahawk for this epic film based on a James Fenimore Cooper novel. The Last of the Mohicans. 4: Craig Sheffer and Brad Pitt play brothers with a passion for fly-fishing in this Robert Redford drama. A River Runs Through It. 5: Whoopi Goldberg plays a rebellious teacher in South Africa in this musical drama. Sarafina!. Round 5. Category: To Grandmother's House We Go 1: Just because Grandma collects these shakers doesn't mean there's too much sodium in her diet. Salt shakers. 2: Grandma collects this man's albums and has read his memoir "The Kingdom Of Swing" 25 times. Benny Goodman. 3: On Grandma's wall there's a picture of this president from his Navy days on a PT boat. John F. Kennedy. 4: Grandma still has the diaries she wrote at this Poughkeepsie school before it went co-ed. Vassar. 5: Grandma loves the puppy pictures on the plates she collects from this "exchange". The Bradford Exchange. Thanks for listening! Come back tomorrow for more exciting trivia!

Alguns governantes, cientistas e adeptos das teorias da conspiração defenderam publicamente que o Sars-CoV-2 foi criado em laboratório. Os melhores argumentos científicos para defender esta hipótese se baseavam na ausência de um vírus "similar" na natureza. Mas virologistas do Instituto Pasteur e pesquisadores do Laos coletaram saliva, fezes e urina de 645 morcegos em cavernas do Laos. Eles descobriram três vírus chamados de BANAL-52, BANAL-103 e BANAL-236, que são mais de 95% idênticos ao coronavírus. O artigo relatando estas impressionantes descobertas científicas está sendo considerado para a revista Nature Portfolio e se encontra atualmente no formato preprint (você pode acessá-lo no link abaixo). A evolução parece ter acontecido diante dos nossos olhos. Então Vem Cienciar conosco! https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-871965/v1 Coronaviruses with a SARS-CoV-2-like receptor-binding domain allowing ACE2-mediated entry into human cells isolated from bats of Indochinese peninsula

Hope, Promise and Better Future for Mankind: The Complete Encyclopedia of Verses of Social Thoughts (Volume II) by Buu-Van AjareyaJemir RasihThis inspirational Encyclopedia of Verses of Social Thoughts:Hope, Promise and Better Future for Mankind is a new book of comfort and knowledge designed to enrich people's life.A book of all human knowledge is all set to inspire and illumine reader's mind. Filled with numerous fundamental insights and imperial knowledge, this book is a perfect addition to anyone's book collection. It is a reassuring book designed to enrich reader's lives. Tapping on diverse themes arranged in alphabetical order, this book introduces readers to a new realms of knowledge that shed light of the American oral history and various realities in the world. It allows readers to witness history and hear the authentic voices of the people through its life-changing lines. This book will take readers on a unique literary expedition where they could learn indispensable things that essential for human growth and development. Packed with live, filled with intelligence, and an honest expression of wit, this book will enrich and bring out the best in anyone.Readers will find this book not only comforting and full of knowledge, hut also life-changing.Buu-Van Hop Nguyen AjareyaJemir Rasih was born March 1st, 1950 in Luangprabang, Laos as the youngest of four children to his Vietnamese immigrant parents.· In 1975, he received his undergraduate degree in irrigation engineering from Nonthabury College of Irrigation Institute in Pakkred, Thailand.· After the fall of the Royal Lao Government in 1975, he escaped to Thailand and eventually arrived in the United States of America. He immediately began working as soon as he arrived in San Diego, California on April 9, 1976. He started out by coordinating resettlement activities for Indochinese and European eastern blocked countries; later he started his work as an accredited court interpreter for the San Diego Superior court and became Chairman of California Court Interpreter Association San Diego Chapter.· On January 29th, 1977, he married his other half, Vilaykhone Connie Simuong. They have three, wonderful children: Bobby Amata, George Joe and Valentina Cupid and two grandchildren Hayelee and Fox Landon Rasih.· In January 20th, 1984, he became proud naturalized citizen of the United States of America.· In 1991-1994 was appointed as a City Commissioner by the San Diego City Council to serve on the City's Commission for Human Relations.· In 1994, he felt the presence of the Holy Spirit and became an ordained Christian minister in Las Vegas, Nevada. Soon after this experience, he engulfed himself with oral literature, and began writing new modern American poetry.· In 2001, he decided to further his education and earned his graduate degree from California State University San Marcos in Business Administration and leadership studies. He's Polyglot. He speaks five languages: Laotian, Vietnamese, Thai, English and French. He began his work as an accredited court interpreter for the San Diego Superior Court and is considered a language and culture expert.· He is a winner of both the Asian Heritage Awards 2006 for Art, Literature and Philosophy and the International Society of Poets for Editor's Choice Award in 2005 and 2006; He was named one of the 100 great Poet of the Western World by Famous Poets Press , was selected by Marquis Who's Who in America in 2009 and 2020 Who's Who in the World and 2010 Who's Who of Asian Americans.· In 1995 to present, he co-founded Global Childe/ Rasih Institute to promote civic education to the Asian immigrants for successful citizenship throughout the states of America and assisted 1,776 refugees and new immigrants in successful achieving their dream of becoming American citizens. His honors also include being immortalized on the Immigrant Wall of Honor, a permanent exhibit by the Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Foundation and recognized as Statue of Liberty Museum Founder. In March 9th, 2019, he was recognized as the inaugural recipient of the Asian Pacific American coalition Lifetime Achievement Award for his extraordinary personal commitment to improving the Asian Pacific American community through volunteer service, civic engagement, and dedication to his APAC organization.https://www.amazon.com/Hope-Promise-Better-Future-Mankind/dp/1953821081/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&qid=1633545321&refinements=p_27%3ABuu-Van+AjareyaJemir+Rasih&s=books&sr=1-1&text=Buu-Van+AjareyaJemir+Rasihhttp://www.bluefunkbroadcasting.com/root/twia/buajrasihec.mp3  America's New Triumph's 21st Century Encyclopedia of the Verses of Social Thoughts: The Book of All Human Knowledge by Buu-Van AjareyaJemir Rasihhttps://www.amazon.com/Americas-Triumphs-Century-Encyclopedia-Thoughts/dp/1453525521/ref=sr_1_2?dchild=1&qid=1633547032&refinements=p_27%3ABuu-Van+AjareyaJemir+Rasih&s=books&sr=1-2&text=Buu-Van+AjareyaJemir+Rasih

Episode 34 explores the humanitarian crisis at the U.S. southern border, what the administration is doing about it, and the historical actions that brought us here.Twitter: twitter.com/anotherguypodPatreon: patreon.com/anotherguypodCoronaviruses with SARS-CoV-2-like receptor-binding domain allowing ACE2-mediated entry into human cells isolated from bats of Indochinese peninsula https://assets.researchsquare.com/files/rs-871965/v1/986c09ca-d494-4a7c-a65b-9eec9c0a06b8.pdf?c=1631900665Evidence Against the Veracity of SARS-CoV-2 Genomes Inermediate between Lineages A and B https://virological.org/t/evidence-against-the-veracity-of-sars-cov-2-genomes-intermediate-between-lineages-a-and-b/754Early appearance of two distinct genomic lineages of SARS-CoV-2 in different Wuhan wildlife markets suggests SARS-CoV-2 has a natural origin https://virological.org/t/evidence-against-the-veracity-of-sars-cov-2-genomes-intermediate-between-lineages-a-and-b/754FBI Releases 2020 Hate Crime Statistics (August 2021) https://www.fbi.gov/news/pressrel/press-releases/fbi-releases-2020-hate-crime-statisticsAssassinations and invasions – how the US and France shaped Haiti's long history of political turmoil https://theconversation.com/assassinations-and-invasions-how-the-us-and-france-shaped-haitis-long-history-of-political-turmoil-164269

Chicken lollipops or drums of heaven coated with a spicy and lip-smacking Schezwan sauce. Try this healthy air fryer version of the popular Indo-Chinese starter is just as easy to make at home. The Mads' Cookhouse podcast has been listed #16 among the Top 40 Home Cooking Podcasts on the web. Thank you dear listeners for your continued love and support.

A girl and her cat (or is it a cat and her girl?) wander away from the factory where they were built and discover what remains of human civilization in a deeply poetic/depressing journey down the Indochinese peninsula to the sea.  It's a downer, but it's Isaac's favorite book we've done so far! 

John F Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson both saw Vietnam as the vital frontline in America's struggle against communism, but it was Chinese, as opposed to Soviet communism they were most concerned about. The widely accepted 'Domino Theory' which postulated that one country in Asia after another would fall to the communist rule was widely accepted across the administrations of both presidents, and it was also a vision that Mao and his inner circle hoped for. However, the lack of understanding about Indochinese history on the part of the USA meant that America was blind to the intense animosities and rivalries between China, Vietnam and Laos. This led to countless miscalculations by both Kennedy and Johnson, and Mao also failed to predict that an assertive and well armed North Vietnam would soon wish to throw off the mantle of 'obedient pupil' and wish greater autonomy in its affairs. This would be an unforgivable affront to the great helmsman in Beijing. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

It starts with bread.  A simple an innocent baguette - in the far East.  Confused, it tries to mingle with the  locals, and then...so inviting...the warmth of an open hearth, the smell of those exotic flavors, what is a lonely baguette to do?well...Shove that dough in raw, and watch it grow, and then pull it out and fill it to the top.  Just be aware, there is an unique smell...They call it Banh Mi.  And it's ready for a night of pure food fusion.Join me and guest Kyle as we discuss this amazing and uniquely smelling sandwich, windows down.@yearofthe.sandwich

We look at the origin of Indo-Chinese food and how it is so different from native Chinese cuisines. We talk about the Punjabi-Mexican community of California. And we discover the amazing story of Noor Inayat Khan, an Indian spy who fought the Nazis in Paris. Find our show notes on the episode page!

... especially the water serpents of Ireland in almost every river Not exactly a Valentine's Day subject, or is it? Serpents are strongly related to fertility, both the fire and water kind. But maybe they are not romantic, yet sometimes romanticised in story. Chinese New Year is on 12th February this year, also celebrated across the Indo-Chinese countries too, and the symbol of water dragons and fertility is a strong part of these celebrations. In Ireland too, there are water serpent stories for Imbolc and around this time of year. There's probably some kind of serpent story with every river and lough here. Again, more connected to fertility, though over the centuries storytellers have perhaps turned them into horror stories, fairy stories, and even hero stories. This nicely follows on from our sacred water and wells of Imbolc theme from last Sunday. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/Carrowcrory/message

To egg you along on our #tbntbookchallenge for 2021 we will be putting up a 30mins show at the end of each month that can get your juices going for the next month. So February's challenge is to read a book by a Southeast Asian author or set in Southeast Asia- we concentrate on Indochina for this episode

Nick and Jun are 6th gen Indo Chinese - they're ethnically Chinese but their families have been in Indonesia for multiple generations. Now, they are residents of Singapore. What will overseas Asians born multiple generations after that big jump from the motherland think and sound like? As it turns out, we don't have to guess - just take a listen. Sneak peek of this episode: Jun's reason for holding onto his non-Mandarin Chinese dialect Thoughts on what cultural aspects to teach the next generation The differences between Indo Chinese hailing from Jakarta vs Batam How the Singaporean government categorizes Nick

Evergreen Assets Management company started out in the timber processing and trading business but over the years they have diversified themselves and now include corporate financing, real estate and automobile business in their portfolio. David Yong, CEO, Evergreen Assets Management shares his experience as a second-generation business owner and what plans he has for Evergreen.  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Over-bored podcast, Season 3 Episode 1. The inside scoop into the world of Travel, Tourism and Entertainment. In this episode we ask ‘Would you get a tattoo of your own face on your own body?’, ‘Is the future of waiter service robotic?’and ‘Why do politicians never answer the given question?' Our new features ‘Bhajis and breasts’ sees Ben give a delicious recipe for Indo-Chinese sweet and sour chicken. Our new main feature ‘2 days, 1 City’ this week visits the beautiful Island of Mallorca and the city of Palma, and David Parker gives us a local insight and whistle stop tour. Plus regular features ‘The further adventures of cornflake - the global travel quiz’, ‘Did You See’- our review of the week’s more obscure headlines, and Etymology corner-lifting the lid on well known words and phrases. Contact us at Over-bored.com, on facebook: @overboredpodcast, and on twitter: Overbored5, on instagram: overboredpodcast

This month, a bronze statue is being unveiled in a medical school campus in Northern China. This statue is that of Dr. Ke Dihua, a heroic medical practitioner who died in 1942. Multiple Chinese top leaders - Zhou Enlai, Li Peng, Hu Jinato, Le Keqiang & Xi Jingping have met and honoured the living family members of Dr. Ke Dihua - even 75 years after his death. Now, why is this significant? Isn't it common for heroes to be remembered with statues and their memories honoured? This is significant because Ke Dihua wasn't Chinese. Ke Dihua is the Chinese name of an Indian doctor. Welcome to Masala History. In our series, we have celebrated those unsung heroes that our history books have forgotten - the likes of Kinthup of Darjeeling, Velu Nachiyar of Sivaganga, John Pennycuick of Mullaperiyar dam etc. (If you are curious to learn more please visit XXX and hit the archives). In that spirit, today I will tell you the story of an Indian who transcends borders and stands revered in China even in the backdrop of Indo-Chinese relationship strains. The inspiration to do this episode comes from a long time friend, fan and advisor - Kalpana. A few weeks back she seeded this topic in my head that eventually lead to this episode - This one is for you Kalpana. Thanks! And with that intro, lets sit in our time machines and set the dial to 1938. You can continue the journey by listening here or from a platform of your choice from linktr.ee/masalahistory #history #masalahistory #kotnis #china #maozedong #drkotnis #shantaram #doctor

Hosted by David and Nycci Nellis. On today’s show: • Two RAMMY Beer Program of the Year nominees, the Roofers’ Union and the Sweetwater Tavern are represented by; o Joe Schineller, head brewer at the Sweetwater Tavern in Centreville, which is one of its three Northern Virginia locations, Jonathan Blake of the Merrifield location and Aaron Emery, who works in Sterling; o Adams Morgan’s Roofers’ Union’s Dave Delaplaine, general manager and beer director; • Indochen’s Indo-Chinese cuisine has patrons lined up in Alexandria’s Cameron Station. One of the partners, Ashok Tamang, joins us; • Been to the Famous Toastery out in Northern Virginia? We have cofounder and CEO Robert Maynard with us to tell you why and how a self-proclaimed “better breakfast” restaurant offers a scratch kitchen and daily specials; • Remember the great movie “ Fight Club?” Well, now there’s a restaurant of the same name, with food packing a similar punch. It’s Fight Club, and chef/owner Andrew Markert and Mackenzie Conway, his “punch director” – a.k.a beverage director - are coming on to tell us all about it

Hosted by David and Nycci Nellis. On today's show: • Two RAMMY Beer Program of the Year nominees, the Roofers' Union and the Sweetwater Tavern are represented by; o Joe Schineller, head brewer at the Sweetwater Tavern in Centreville, which is one of its three Northern Virginia locations, Jonathan Blake of the Merrifield location and Aaron Emery, who works in Sterling; o Adams Morgan's Roofers' Union's Dave Delaplaine, general manager and beer director; • Indochen's Indo-Chinese cuisine has patrons lined up in Alexandria's Cameron Station. One of the partners, Ashok Tamang, joins us; • Been to the Famous Toastery out in Northern Virginia? We have cofounder and CEO Robert Maynard with us to tell you why and how a self-proclaimed “better breakfast” restaurant offers a scratch kitchen and daily specials; • Remember the great movie “ Fight Club?” Well, now there's a restaurant of the same name, with food packing a similar punch. It's Fight Club, and chef/owner Andrew Markert and Mackenzie Conway, his “punch director” – a.k.a beverage director - are coming on to tell us all about it

Meet Michael Molloy, former Ambassador of Canada to Jordan and a former public servant with the Department of Foreign Affairs and the Department of Immigration. Mike oversaw the resettlement of Indochinese refugees in Canada in 1979-80 and is the author of Running on Empty: Canada and the Indochinese Refugees, 1975-1980. In this episode we talk about the creation of the refugee resettlement program in Canada, and how law and policy can be created and deployed in quick, flexible and innovative ways to respond to crises

In this episode, we cover Indo-Chinese border disputes prior to 1962. This includes the Sikh empire's dealings with the Qing empire right up to the onset of the 1962 war. 

Twenty Indian soldiers died in the heights of the Himalayas in the clashes with PLA troops. The skirmish is getting serious but, according to Akshobh Giridharadas, the risk of a further escalation is unlikely.

Despair and defeatism defined the French political class's response to the worsening situation in Vietnam following the French defeat at Cao Bang in 1950. This lack of hope led to a gradual decline in the necessary resources to defeat the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. At the same time the DRV was becoming an increasingly professional and organised fighting force. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

At Kennedys and King Article: Who Killed Malcolm X? (Review) by Joseph Green Listen to episode 980a Article: Ark Media and Malcolm X: Bad Acting and Half-Truths by Karl Evanzz Article: The Confessions of Talmadge Hayer Article: The Hidden Hand: The Assassination of Malcolm X by Karl Evanzz Article: The Murder and Martyrdom of Malcolm X by James W. Douglass Eulogy: Gerald "Jerry" Policoff (Feb. 27, 1947—March 7, 2020) by Steve Jones Presentation: The Evidence is the Conspiracy - The Carbine on the 6th Floor by David Josephs Article: Goodbye and Good Riddance to Chris Matthews by Jim DiEugenio Video: Chris Matthews Fears Execution Under Bernie Presidency (The Jimmy Dore Show) Chris Matthews (MSNBC) compares Bernie Sanders' win in Nevada to Nazi takeover of France Video: Chris Matthews Asked To Resign Over Bernie Bashing (The Jimmy Dore Show) Chris Matthews is a republican masquerading as a democrat Matthews said that Kennedy upped the ante in Vietnam South Vietnam did not exist in 1954 The committment to Saigon was made by Eisenhower, the Dulles brothers and Richard Nixon "I have never talked or corresponded with a person knowledgeable in Indochinese affairs who did not agree that had elections been held as of the time of the fighting [1954], possibly 80 per cent of the population would have voted for the Communist Ho Chi Minh as their leader rather than Chief of State Bao Dai" - Eisenhower in his autobiography FREE Borrowable Ebook: Mandate for Change: 1953-1956 by Dwight D. Eisenhower (see page 372) Johnson knew that Kennedy was withdrawing from Vietnam Article: Why Mr. Hardball Found JFK Elusive by Jim Jim reviews Matthews' book Jack Kennedy: Elusive Hero in the above article Matthews does not mention NSAM 263 in his book Matthews always went after the critics of the Warren Commission Article: Rachel Maddow, JFK and Easy Money by Jim The october surprise of 1968 Book: Chasing Shadows (Chennault Affair) by Ken Hughes: Paperback, Hardcover, Kindle Listener questions answered 15,500 documents are being withheld either in full or in part Book: The Assassinations co-edited by Jim DiEugenio & Lisa Pease: Paperback, Kindle Article: Mark Shaw, Denial of Justice by Jim Organized crime and the 1960 presidential election by John Binder; Download PDF The Impossible One Day Journey of CE 399 by Jim DiEugenio Oswald's actions after he allegedly killed the President The HSCA never deposed Ruth and Michael Paine

Made in China is a film that till it’s last scene doesn’t know what it wants to be . It starts off as a thriller when a Chinese diplomat on a trip to Gujarat dies mysteriously overdosing on what appears to be a killer aphrodisiac. Then one character speaks about how Indians might want better roads but what they really need is better sex! Raghu aka Rajkumar Rao is a harmless young man who spends time watching motivational videos by a certain “Chopra” (Gajraj Rao) on TV and trying to navigate the losses from his various entrepreneurial misadventures. When he decides to venture into an Indo-Chinese business of a sex potion that claims to be the cure for all kinds of disappointments in bed one is bound to believe that a sex comedy is what the makers are after! Listen to the podcast for the rest of the review! Host: Stutee Ghosh

Brian VanDeMark is in conversation with George Petras of USA Today.In Road To Disaster: A New History Of America’s Descent Into Vietnam, Naval Academy professor Brian VanDeMark looks at the cataclysmic decisions made by the “best and the brightest” through the prism of recent research in cognitive science, psychology, and organizational theory. Drawing upon decades of archival research, his own interviews with many of those involved, and a wealth of previously unheard recordings by McNamara and Clark Clifford, VanDeMark explains how those in charge exhibited unfounded overconfidence, ignored essential information, became blind to the obvious, and were illogically inconsistent, all of which ultimately led to the death of almost 60,000 Americans and more than 3 million Indochinese.Brian VanDeMark teaches history at the United States Naval Academy, where for more than twenty-five years he has educated midshipmen about the Vietnam War. He has also been a visiting fellow at Oxford University. VanDeMark was the research assistant on Clark Clifford's bestselling autobiography Counsel to the President and the coauthor of Robert McNamara's #1 bestseller In Retrospect.George Petras is a graphics editor and researcher for USA Today.Writers LIVE programs are supported in part by a bequest from The Miss Howard Hubbard Adult Programming Fund.Recorded On: Wednesday, March 20, 2019

Brian VanDeMark is in conversation with George Petras of USA Today.In Road To Disaster: A New History Of America’s Descent Into Vietnam, Naval Academy professor Brian VanDeMark looks at the cataclysmic decisions made by the “best and the brightest” through the prism of recent research in cognitive science, psychology, and organizational theory. Drawing upon decades of archival research, his own interviews with many of those involved, and a wealth of previously unheard recordings by McNamara and Clark Clifford, VanDeMark explains how those in charge exhibited unfounded overconfidence, ignored essential information, became blind to the obvious, and were illogically inconsistent, all of which ultimately led to the death of almost 60,000 Americans and more than 3 million Indochinese.Brian VanDeMark teaches history at the United States Naval Academy, where for more than twenty-five years he has educated midshipmen about the Vietnam War. He has also been a visiting fellow at Oxford University. VanDeMark was the research assistant on Clark Clifford's bestselling autobiography Counsel to the President and the coauthor of Robert McNamara's #1 bestseller In Retrospect.George Petras is a graphics editor and researcher for USA Today.Writers LIVE programs are supported in part by a bequest from The Miss Howard Hubbard Adult Programming Fund.

In this second part of the conversation with Parimal Maya Sudhakar, we explore how the Chinese perspective has changed over the years, where and how has India achieved a status higher than China and whether there is possibility of another Indo- Chinese war.

How did the Khmer civilisation begin? How were they able to prosper to the point of building the megacity of Angkor? Time period covered: 2000 BC – 900 AD In this episode, Lachlan seeks to explain the early processes that developed amongst the Khmer civilisation in and around the region that would eventually become Cambodia. An explanation of the different cultural influences from India and China that would see a kind of hybridised people come to prominence on the Indochinese mainland. [...]

How did the Khmer civilisation begin? How were they able to prosper to the point of building the megacity of Angkor? Time period covered: 2000 BC – 900 AD In this episode, Lachlan seeks to explain the early processes that developed amongst the Khmer civilisation in and around the region that would eventually become Cambodia. This involves an explanation of the different cultural influences from India and China that would see a kind of hybridised people come to prominence on the Indochinese mainland. The story of early Funan and Chenla, as well as the development of the ‘Devaraja cult’; a system where a universal monarch is regarded as a kind of incarnation of a deity is discussed as well as the establishment of the early cities which will become the seat of the vast Khmer Empire. The ingenious methods of water management that will support the kinds of society and architecture the civilisation is famous for is also explained. The episode ends at the reign of Suryavarman and the construction of Phnom Bakheng and the vast baray, in the era just before the ‘peak’ of the civilisation. Sources David Chandler A History of Cambodia Support https://www.shadowsofutopia.com/support.html

How did the Khmer civilisation begin? How were they able to prosper to the point of building the megacity of Angkor? Time period covered: 2000 BC – 900 AD In this episode, Lachlan seeks to explain the early processes that developed amongst the Khmer civilisation in and around the region that would eventually become Cambodia. An explanation of the different cultural influences from India and China that would see a kind of hybridised people come to prominence on the Indochinese mainland. [...]

In which we answer the question "Scaramouche, Scaramouche, did he kill the Jill Dando", discuss a human turtle, question Indo-Chinese apple techniques, and introduce the one and only DJ Chillins. All questions to @goodashellcast on Twitter, or goodashellpodcast@gmail.com.

The Viet Minh conduct a guerrilla war against the French but avoid all out battle.  The different types of troops within the French Army, Colonial, Foreign Legion, North African and Indochinese. The reason why the French Government refused to reach a peace deal with the Democratic Republic of Vietnam.  A biography of the new French Governor Emily Bollerat. The two major French Army offensive in North Vietnams in the last few months of the war.

In 1979, Canadians launched a revolutionary private sponsorship scheme to aid thousands of Indochinese refugees fleeing Vietnam. Under the scheme, groups of ordinary Canadians could pay for a refugee to be resettled in Canada. Thousands of Canadians took part, and supported the resettlement of 34,000 refugees in a year. Alex Last speaks to Professor Howard Adelman who set up Operation Lifeline - the first private sponsorship campaign in Canada. Photo: A Vietnamese boat crowded with refugees runs aground on the Malaysian coast. 1979 (BBC)

In 1979, Canadians launched a revolutionary private sponsorship scheme to aid thousands of Indochinese refugees fleeing Vietnam. Under the scheme, groups of ordinary Canadians could pay for a refugee to be resettled in Canada. Thousands of Canadians took part, and supported the resettlement of 34,000 refugees in a year. Alex Last speaks to Professor Howard Adelman who set up Operation Lifeline - the first private sponsorship campaign in Canada. Photo: A Vietnamese boat crowded with refugees runs aground on the Malaysian coast. 1979 (BBC)

Last weeks show was so good we had to schedule a second show.  Alex Graham also known as Asknod will teach us about the claims and appeals process.  Alex Graham, a veteran of the Vietnam War. He served two years on the Indochinese peninsula in Thailand, Laos and the Republic of Vietnam in the Air Force from 1970-1972. He has diseases from Agent Orange as well as Hepatitis C virus from a transfusion there. In addition, he has degenerative disc disease from a fall and an airplane crash. Asknod filed his first claim with VA in 1989 and lost. He finally won in 2008 and is just now cleaning up the mess the VA made from claims never completed in 1994.  Read more at Asknod's site

Alex Graham also known as Asknod will teach us about the claims and appeals process.  Alex Graham, a veteran of the Vietnam War. He served two years on the Indochinese peninsula in Thailand, Laos and the Republic of Vietnam in the Air Force from 1970-1972. He has diseases from Agent Orange as well as Hepatitis C virus from a transfusion there. In addition, he has degenerative disc disease from a fall and an airplane crash. Asknod filed his first claim with VA in 1989 and lost. He finally won in 2008 and is just now cleaning up the mess the VA made from claims never completed in 1994.  Read more at Asknod's site  

In 1945 France returned to its former colony in Indochina, determined to re-assert control after humiliation by Japan. The nationalist Vietminh were determined to fight for their independence and nine years later inflicted a catastrophic defeat on France at the long battle of Dien Bien Phu. How was France brought to her knees in Indochina and what were the consequences for France? See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

I Love Adventure. May 16, 1948.  The adventurers are sent into the Indochinese jungle to recover treasure from a lost city. Michael Raffetto, Carlton E. Morse (writer, producer), Tom Collins, Alma Lawton, Lal Chand Mehra, Donald Morrison, Everett Glass, Barbara Jean Wong, Harry Lang, audiblepodcast.com/rnn 1 Free Audiobook  oldtimeradionetwork.com   oldtimeradiodvd.com Great Deals on DVDs

If the first hour of Inherent Vice is a hazily mysterious stretch of world-building in which we—and Doc—realize that something has gone wrong, then the second hour of the film is reveal after reveal of what is wrong with the world, and the people in it. And resting between those two hours is this one-scene, in which the film simultaneously exhales after an hour of introductions and inhales before diving deep into the world of the Golden Fang, and exponentially expanding the scope of Inherent Vice.And who better to join us to celebrate cracking Inherent Vice’s first hour with a one-minute scene than the host of One Heat Minute himself?Inherent Vice is a film that deceptively uses its hardboiled detective fiction framework as a method of inquiry into something far deeper, and far more serious, than a plot to kidnap a real estate developer. It tricks us into settling in for a noir about a man solving a mystery, and instead presents us with a man confronting a melancholy truth: everything—lives, eras, and loves—comes to an end.About the Guest - BLAKE HOWARDBlake Howard is a writer, a podcaster, and the editor-in-chief & co-founder of Australian film blog Graffiti With Punctuation. He is the creator of One Heat Minute Productions and the producer of Increment Vice.Support this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/one-heat-minute-productions/donations