Podcasts about Ker

Postajamo vse bolj dolgoživa družba. Leta 2024 je bila v Sloveniji povprečna starost ob smrti pri moških skoraj 76 let in pri ženskah skoraj 83. Toda daljše življenje prinaša tudi nove izzive. Ker je starejših prebivalcev vse več, se mora spremembam v staranju prebivalcev prilagajati celotna družba – tako starejši kot tudi mlajše generacije. Razprave na to temo se je udeležila Lucija Vidergar.

Piše Matej Bogataj, bere Dejan Kaloper. Prvenec Boštjana Trohe – Kara Kako igrati šah v temi, podnaslovljen kot Priročnik za začetnike, je težko žanrsko umestiti, še težje mu je najti primerjavo v domačem literarnem prostoru. Roman sprva deluje precej enigmatično – trije zavaljeni, pijani in našmrkani se v uvodu znajdejo na letalu in na letališčih. Toledo je očitno nadvse bogat in financira igro, ki zahteva precejšnjo investicijo in ga trpijo samo zato. Zraven sta aristokratska dama Joburg, nekakšna grofica, ki nekaj da na fineso in etiketo, in bivši študent medicine Capo, ki je vzdevek dobil ne po svojem šefovskem položaju, temveč po mestu rojstva, Kopru oziroma Capodistrii. So na vrhu v igri, ki jo igra nespremenljivih dvanajst ekip, vendar je njihov primat zaradi notranjih trenj ogrožen, Toledova vse bolj izrazita in naraščajoča nesposobnost hromi in ogroža vse, in ni čudno, da iščejo zamenjavo. Na letališču se vsaj eden od njih dobi z v Parizu živečim fantom, ki pere denar. Vrhunsko, recimo »tisto«, pošiljajo Rusi francoski strankarski voditeljici Marie Le Pen, pa malo savdskim šejkom in kar je še spornih oziroma kot takšnih v literarnem svetu prepoznanih negativcev. Kako, kaj in zakaj poteka igra, Trohe ne zanima in to je brez dvoma velika pomanjkljivost tega pisanja; kot seveda tudi pavšalne sodbe, ki so samoumevne samo v tem zaključenem literarnem svetu, ki pa nima ostrih robov in se nam pogosto zdi, da niti ne poskuša zrcaliti realnosti, temveč vzpostaviti paralelno in samozadostno, neodvisno okolje za negativce. Po uvodu se drastičnost nadaljuje. Tudi z zgoščevanjem. Kandidat, ki naj bi zamenjal brutalno umorjenega Toleda, profesionalno zadušenega s steklenico konjaka, živi kot pralec denarja v Parizu. Pred dekletom, umetnostno zgodovinarko, katere mati je živela v blodnjah zaradi atrijske fibrilacije, skriva, da ima isto bolezen tudi sam. Če se napreza, ga občasno tako zvije, da se po napornih sestankih ali bežanju po smrdljivih predmestjih svetovnih prestolnic, v katerih tolpe neusmiljeno prežijo na bogate, potopi v sanjski svet. Tam se vse odvija na eno temo – na pogodbo s hudičem, podobno faustovski, v kateri se mora odločiti za ničimer zamejeno moč ali za harmonično in malce tudi rutinsko in umirjeno sobivanje z zaročenko. Kar pomeni samo kakšen teden Bornea in želv, sicer pa meščansko in umetniško življenje v Parizu. Ker je razvoj dogodkov divji in komaj verjeten, se nam včasih zdi, da je pretežni del Trohovega pisanja življenje v glavi, torej delirij oziroma prividi, ki jih ima med izklapljanjem zavesti zaradi srčne napake. Recimo bežanje po strehah visoko nad Parizom, s policaji iz posebne enote za petami, komaj nekaj dni po operaciji na prsnem košu – ta je že ena takšna, pa ne edina. Vendar nam enega od ključev za branje ponuja kar Trohova biografija. Ukvarja se namreč z videoigricami, kjer je, kot recimo v filmih o borilnih veščinah, vse mogoče. Breza se upogne in deluje kot lok, če se vanjo zažene sposoben borec. Ravni igre – in Capo ponuja največji možni izplen – proti vrhu dobivajo vse bolj fantastične dimenzije. To skoraj pojasni tudi skrbno izpisane dogajalne prostore, predmestja Pariza in Kaira, letališke terminale, vse je v vlogi nekakšne prepričljivosti. Ob tem ima Priročnik za začetnike še enega vzornika: Tarantina, filmskega režiserja, ki se je bolj kot iz realnosti napajal iz žanrske tradicije in pritrjevanja, celo napihovanja tistega, kar je v žanrih odveč in nepotrebno. Roman Kako igrati šah v temi je tako knjiga, ki se spogleduje z vizualnim, tudi z drastiko, bolj in bolje pa bi moral izrisati motivacijo likov, da bi bil prepričljivejši.

Piše Andrej Lutman, bere Dejan Kaloper. Knjiga, ki je izšla pri založbi, ki se imenuje Super, si vsaj na začetku zasluži nekaj superlativov. Pa jih naštejmo: imenitna, čudovita, odlična, dražestna, vrhunska, vabljiva zapeljiva, mikavna, očarljiva, privlačna ... Poznamo še katerega? Ne? Lahko nadaljujemo? Pa dajmo: ugledna, pomembna, znamenita, izbrana, prevzvišena ... Tako nekako naj bi potekal pouk na eni izmed ljubljanskih gimnazij v letu, od katerega bo prav kmalu minilo pol stoletja. In potemtakem ni čudno, da je roman, ki ga je s pomočjo umetne inteligence napisal Boštjan Tadel, označen za zgodovinskega. A ne samo zgodovinski, je tudi ljubezenski. Med dolgočasenjem pri pouku polpretekle zgodovine, s katero mnogi dijaki nimajo kaj početi, se dogajajo tudi zmenki za preživljanje tako imenovanega prostega časa in prihajajočih zimskih počitnic. Ker je učenje dejstev, ki pa so le preveč ideološko obremenjena, sprejeto z določeno mero odpora, je med poukom nadvse vabljivo poslušanje radijskega prenosa pomembne smučarske tekme, na kateri se na belih strminah za presežne športne rezultate potegujejo domači smučarji. Med poročanjem s tako razburljive tekme pa je osrednji dogodek nekaj povsem drugega. Na zdravljenju je namreč državnik in radijska poročila stalno oskrbujejo poslušalstvo s potekom zdravljenja oziroma mu sčasoma namenjajo osrednjo pozornost. Skupina gimnazijcev in gimnazijk se nato med zimskimi počitnicami odpravi na smučanje, kam drugam kot na Gorenjsko. Na tem terenu se razbohotijo in razvejajo ljubezenske in druge vezi, spletene že med poukom. Pripoved sestavljajo poročila o zdravljenju, poročilo o tekmi, vezi, spletene v šoli, in odnosi, vzpostavljeni na počitnicah, in na teh štirih ravneh Boštjan Tadel plete zgodovinsko nit. A to še ni vse. Zraven napleta tudi glasbeni okus tistega časa, kar je zgledno predstavljeno s seznamom na knjižnem zavihku. Osemdeseta so bila pač čas prepleta diska in punka ter obračunavanj privržencev ene in druge glasbene smeri. Nekakšno nasprotje pa je vpliv tako imenovane klasične glasbe, ki pa je bila že tista zvrst, ki je prispevala k družbeni delitvi oziroma označevanju družbeno prepoznavnejše diferenciacije. Gimnazija je pač veljala za elitnejšo šolo in odskočno desko za vsakovrstne vezi, ki niso omejene na druženje po diskotekah ali za šankom in za vsakodnevno pehanje, ki ga je udarnejši duh jugoslovanskega socializma že zapuščal. Celotna naracija romana je zgledno zapletena in spletena. Kako tudi ne, saj je bila prvotno namenjena snemanju filma, kar pa še ni bilo realizirano, in je tako preurejena za knjižne potrebe bralstvu omogočila osebnejšo predstavljivost. Poseben splet, ki osnovni naraciji daje globino, pa so pogovori gimnazijcev o tako imenovanih zamolčanih temah, ki so krojile polpreteklo zgodovino. V teh pogovorih je v ospredju poreklo staršev oziroma tudi nekakšna družinska zgodovina, ki se prav počasi razkriva in sovpada z razkrivanjem zdravstvenega stanja državnika, voditelja. Odlika romana Boštjana Tadla Svoboda 1980 je ustvarjanje vzdušja, v katerem prevladujejo odkrit posmeh, opisovanje tovarištva, ki ga še ni načel pritiskajoči kapitalizem z individualiziranjem življenjskih slogov, in pa komunikativni slengovski vrivki. Vse to docela pričara čas, ko je zgodovina obrnila nov list. In obrnjeni list razkriva dozo prikritega sarkazma, kar nemara nakazuje tudi knjižna naslovnica, na kateri par smuči nakazuje tako eksplicitno dogajanje protagonistov kot tudi usodo voditelja. Gimnazijska skupina se pač postavlja na lastne noge, saj se časi odraščanja končujejo. Morda dozori tudi čas, da se roman Svoboda 1980 prelije na televizijske zaslone in filmska platna.

S slovesno trideseto sveto mašo se je pri frančiškanih na Tromostovju sklenil niz svetih maš, ki so jih na prve petke v mesecu, v okviru pobude Vseposvojitev, pripravljali za svetniške kandidate, žrtve komunističnega nasilja. Ob tem so predstavili tudi knjigo o mučencih, svetniških kandidatih, z naslovom Ker ljubezen ne pozablja! Gostja oddaje Moja zgodbe ob 20. uri bo pobudnica Romana Bider.

Predstavljajte si: dobite sporočilo dostavne službe, da boste prejeli paket, ki ga je treba odkupiti. Ker veliko naročate prek spleta, niste prepričani, ali ste kaj naročili. Znesek odkupnine pa ni visok, nekaj deset evrov. V tem času namesto vas doma nekdo drug prevzame in plača paket. V njem pa je v resnici ničvreden predmet, ki ga je poslalo podjetje izven meja Evropske unije. Kaj lahko v tem primeru oškodovanec sploh naredi? Odgovore smo iskali na Zvezi potrošnikov Slovenije, Tržnem inšpektoratu, Policiji in tudi na Pošti Slovenije, ki je enemu izmed takšnih podjetij brezplačno dodelila posebno poštno številko.

Zdravo. Tokrat začnemo v pripizdini (nekoč vukojebina) in debatiramo o ograjah (na balkonih) in o ograjah (v glavi), o zaklepanju vrat in o poročilih, ki bi morala biti vsaj ob torkih samo dobra (o dobrih novicah smo že govorili). Spotoma se spomnimo tudi na RTV Slovenija, ne pozabimo pa tudi na parade, ki bi jih mogli ogranizirati ob vseh večjih dosežkih naše družbe. Tudi o hoji v šolo, hoji v šoli, umetni inteligenci, ki bo morala delati za naše plače in o tegobah obveznega 42 dni trajajočega letnega dopusta. Za konec napovemo belo stavko: na šiht pridemo, opomine pišemo, kazni pa ne. Ker imamo obvezo do poslušalcev. Pa tudi zato, ker plače že šest let ni bilo. ✊

Ker je september mesec Alzheimerjeve bolezni, smo v septembrskem Nedeljskem klepetu gostili Štefanijo Lukič Zlobec, predsednico Spominčice, nacionalnega strokovnega združenja za pomoč pri demenci. Med drugim ste v pogovoru slišali, kateri so varovalni dejavniki za preprečevanje demence, pa tudi, kakšni so prvi znaki demence, na katere moramo biti pozorni. Gostja je povabila tudi k dogodkom v okviru svetovnega dneva Alzheimerjeve bolezni, ki bo 21. septembra.

Keramika je eno najpogostejših in najpomembnejših arheoloških gradiv. Ker se žgana glina dobro ohranja, lahko raziskovalci danes že iz majhnih odlomkov posod razbirajo številne podatke o življenju ljudi v preteklosti – od načinov izdelave in prehrane do trgovskih povezav, tehnologije in kulturnih stikov. Keramični predmet tako ni več le »lonček« ali črepinja, temveč vir številnih informacij o ljudeh, ki so ga izdelali in uporabljali. Z raziskovanjem lipidov, torej kemičnih ostankov maščob, ki se lahko ohranijo v poroznih stenah keramičnih posod, lahko keramika razkrije tudi, kaj so ljudje nekoč jedli. Z analizami lipidov je mogoče ugotoviti, ali so bile posode uporabljene za shranjevanje ali pripravo živalskih maščob, rastlinskih olj, mesa ali mlečnih izdelkov. Takšne raziskave omogočajo vpogled v prehrano neolitskih skupnosti in velike spremembe, ki jih je prinesel prehod od lovstva in nabiralništva h kmetovanju. Še posebej zanimivi so sledovi mleka in mlečnih izdelkov, saj pomagajo razumeti razvoj zgodnjega kmetijstva.Tudi Ajdovska jama pri Nemški vasi je pomemben primer, kako lahko keramika pomaga pri raziskovanju preteklih družb. To izjemno jamsko grobišče iz mlajše kamene in bakrene dobe pri nas raziskovalcem pomaga razumeti uporabo prostora, način življenja ljudi in predvsem "nenavadne" pogrebne rituale. Ti so vključevali keramiko, kamnito orodje, kosti in druge ostanke. V širšo zgodbo o skupnosti sodijo tudi izpostavljanje in premeščanje človeških posmrtnih ostankov ter navade darovanja živil in drugih predmetov. Jama tako ni bila le grobišče, temveč tudi prostor posebnega pomena oziroma svetišče, kjer so se odvijali obredi, povezani s kultom posmrtnega življenja. Sogovornica: arheologinja dr. Manca Vinazza s Filozofske fakultete Univerze v Ljubljani, ki vodi projekt POTTERIA – Lončarske tradicije v pozni prazgodovini kot odmevi okoljskih in družbenih sprememb. Fotografija:Keramična steklenička iz Ajdovske jame, avtorica fotografije: dr. Lidija Korat Bensa, Zavod za gradbeništvo

Zdravo. Ker so časi takšni, kot so, nas odnese v desno. Zi postane naš korespondent v novi rubriki “Novice z desnice”, ugotovimo pa, da je teza, da vam bodo levičarji vzeli božič skopirana z največje desne TV mreže na svetu (Fox News), pa tudi, da je koncept božiča oz. praznovanja zimskega sončnega obrata bil znan mnogim kulturam pred krščanstvom in preden smo temu rekli božič. V zgoraj predstavljeni rubriki pregledamo, kaj desnosučni tisk obdelal te dni in se spomnimo rekla, da ni vsak desničar kreten. Vmes se spomnimo tudi legendarnega blues metal banda Torpeda Marmorate in Tita Andronika, ki ga je Jonas deklamiral na Radiu Študent pred mnogimi desetletji. Za konec ustanovimo sindikat Robota, ker bo treba nekdo zastopati pravice robotov, preden bodo postali depresivni kot Marvin. O knjigi tokrat nič.

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Največja zasebna palača v Ljubljani je bila na prehodu iz 18. v 19. stol., ko je v njej živel baron Žiga Zois, intelektualno središče slovenskih dežel in jo torej smemo šteti za enega od rojstnih krajev našega narodaNa jugovzhodnem koncu starega mestnega jedra Ljubljane, med Križankami in levim bregom Ljubljanice, stoji Zoisova palača. Ker gre za največjo zasebno palačo v središču naše prestolnice, bi zgradba najbrž bila že samo zaradi tega vredna pozornosti umetnostnih zgodovinarjev. Ker pa je v njej, kot seveda razkriva že njeno ime, v drugi polovici 18. in na začetku 19. stoletja živel nihče drug kot baron Žiga Zois, vodilna figura našega razsvetljenstva, lahko mirno rečemo, da je bila ta palača nekaj časa pravzaprav v samem epicentru znanstvenega in umetnostnega življenja na Kranjskem. Še več: kolikor so Linhart, Vodnik, Kopitar, Japelj in drugi Zoisovi varovanci prav pod baronovo gostoljubno streho in s pomočjo njegove širokogrudne finančne zaslombe lahko razvijali ideje, iz katerih je pozneje v 19. stoletju vzbrstelo naše narodno gibanje, toliko smemo reči, da je Zoisova palača pravzaprav eden od rojstnih krajev slovenstva. In vendar smo se kar precej načakali, preden se je predstavitve pestre zgodovine te stavbe in ključne vloge, ki jo je odigrala v našem kulturnem življenju, nekdo lotil na sistematično pregleden način. Ta podvig je naposled uspel dr. Metodi Kemperl, umetnostni zgodovinarki in predavateljici na Oddelku za likovno pedagogiko ljubljanske Pedagoške fakultete. V skrbno raziskani razpravi Zoisova palača v Ljubljani, ki je predlani ugledala luč sveta v sozaložništvu Slovenske matice in Pedagoške fakultete, je dr. Kemperl namreč natančno popisala, kako je palača zlagoma dobila svojo današnjo podobo, obenem pa razkrila, kdo vse je – poleg Žige Zoisa samega, kajpada – s to impozantno zgradbo povezan. No, za nameček pa bo tisti, ki po pričujoči monografiji poseže, dobil tudi dober vpogled v vse tisto skrito delo sobaric in kuharic in vrtnarjev in vseh drugih, brez katerih prizadevanj bi Zoisova palača kratko malo ne mogla biti ena najodličnejših ljubljanskih, kranjskih oziroma slovenskih hiš 18. stoletja. Na kaj vse bi torej veljalo pomisliti, ko se danes brezskrbno sprehajamo po Bregu mimo Zoisove palače, smo v pogovoru z dr. Kemperl skušali izvedeti v tokratnem Kulturnem fokusu. Foto: Zoisova palača v Ljubljani (Wikipedija, javna last)

Zdravo. Ker naše ideje pridejo direkt iz vesolja v drugo klet, bomo v bodoče tudi "predigre" objavljali za vse. Enakopravnost, pa to. Vmes izmerimo idealno temperaturo piva (5,55 °C oziroma 42 °F) in obžalujemo, da nas na fizikalne žure nikoli niso vabili. Preden se ujamemo v pogovoru o absolventih in letih, ko si prestar za mlajšo partnerko (partnerja), se pravočasno umaknemo iz Epsteinovega zaliva. O knjigi zelo malo, Douglas in Mark končno prispeta na vrt in dobita čaj, mi pa ugotovimo, da bi bil v Grčiji na sporedu prej frape z ledom, šilce džina ali pivo za jutranji "hair of the dog". Vmes komentiramo Ivankino riviero pri Albaniji in ugotovimo, da je Triglav vreme najboljše vreme.

Bilindiği üzere, kulun Allâh (c.c.)'a şükrü, secde, oruç, sadaka, Kur'ân-ı Kerîm okumak gibi çeşitli ibâdetlerle olur. Hz. Musa (a.s.)'ın ümmeti, Hz. Musa (a.s.)'ın kurtulması ve Fir‘avun'un boğulması nimetini onlara ihsân eden Allâh (c.c.)'a oruç tutarak fiilî şükürde bulunmuşlardır. Müslümânlar da onlar için en büyük nimet olan Allâh Resûlü (s.a.v.)'in mevlîdini çeşitli ibâdetlerle Allâh (c.c.)'a şükrederek ihyâ etmektedirler. Bazı âlimler, Mevlîd'in Hz. Musa (a.s.) ile ilgili hâdiseye uygunluk arz etmesi için Allâh Resûlü (s.a.v.)'in doğumunun tesbit edilmesi ve şükrün özellikle o gün dışa vurulması gerekir demektedir. Fakat şükrün yerine getirilmesi için yapılacak ibâdetler için bir gün söz konusu olmadığından Mevlîd'i de gün ile sınırlamak doğru olmaz. Allâh Resûlü (s.a.v.) pazartesi günü tuttuğu orucun gerekçesini açıklarken: "Bugün dünyaya geldim" buyurmuşlardır. Buna göre Mevlîd-i Nebî'yi ilk ihyâ eden, o gün oruç tutarak Allâhü Teâlâ'ya şükreden Resûl-i Ekrem (s.a.v.) Efendimiz'dir. Günümüzde Müslümânların mevlîd merâsimleri şekil açısından bazı farklılıklar arz etse de Aşûre ve Pazartesi günleri Efendimiz (s.a.v.)'in tuttuğu oruçların gâyesi ile tamâmen örtüşmektedir. Zîrâ hepsi ilâhî rızâyı kazanmak için îfâ edilmektedir. Kur'ân-ı Kerîm müslümânlara, İslâm'ın ulvî değerleriyle meşru ölçüler çerçevesinde sevinmeyi tavsiye etmektedir: "De ki: Allâh'ın lütûf ve rahmetiyle; yalnız bunlarla sevinsinler." (Yûnus s. 58) Allâhü Teâlâ mü'mînlere rahmetle sevinmelerini emretmektedir. Efendimiz (s.a.v.), şu ayetin delâlet ettiği gibi bizzât rahmettir: "Biz seni ancak âlemlere rahmet olarak gönderdik." (Enbiyâ s. 107) Nitekim İbn Abbâs (r.a.) rahmet kelimesini, Resûl-i Ekrem (s.a.v.) olarak tefsîr etmiştir. Mü'minler Allâh Resûlü (s.a.v.)'in varlığıyla her zaman sevinç duyarlar. Fakat doğduğu ay ve gün, sevinç daha yoğun bir şekilde yaşanır. (İnkişaf Dergisi, 10. Sayı, s.34-39)

En la 1494-a E_elsendo el la 15.08.2026 ĉe www.pola-retradio.org: • En nia hodiaŭa elsendo aŭdiĝas pliaj sonscenoj el la Solena Fermo de la 111-a Universala Kongreso de Esperanto en Graz. Ili rilatas al la raporto de la Katalin Kováts pri la dumkongresa laboro de KER-komisiono de UEA. Sekve la estraranoj – Gong Xiaofeng – Arko, So Jinsu kaj Zdravka Boytcheva prezentas la nunjarajn distingitojn per la Diplomo pro la Elstara Agado kaj per la Diplomo pro la Elstara Arta Agado. Tiu listo aperis postkongrese kiel la Gazetara Komuniko de UEA: uea.org/gk/1320a1. • Kiel ni informas en la elsendo en la paĝo de la Pola Nacia Biblioteko aperis ampleksa pollingva informo pri la 111-a UK, dum kies Esperantologia Konferenco oni parolis pri bibliotekaj kolektoj, i.a. Biblioteko Hector Hodler en Varsovio: https://www.bn.org.pl/aktualnosci/6200-biblioteka-narodowa-na-111-swiatowym-kongresie-esperanto.html. • Komence de la hodiaŭa elsendo aŭdiĝas elektitaj kalendarfoliaj datoj ligitaj kun la 15-a de aŭgusto. • La foto akompananta la programinformon prezentas publikan dankesprimon al la CO kaj Kongresa Fako. En la elsendo aŭdiĝas fragmente la kanto de Kajto „Mia koro estas birdo” el la KD „Sen timo”. • En unuopaj rubrikoj de nia paĝo eblas konsulti la paralele legeblajn kaj aŭdeblajn tekstojn el niaj elsendoj, kio estas tradicio de nia redakcio ekde 2003. La elsendo estas aŭdebla en Jutubo ĉe la adreso: https://www.youtube.com/results?q=pola+retradio&sp=CAI%253D interalie pere de Jutubo, konforme al individua bezono, eblas rapidigi aŭ malrapidigi la parolritmon de la sondokumentoj; eblas transsalti al ajna serĉata fragmento de la elsendo.

Požar pri Omišu, ki ga gasilci označujejo kot enega najhujših v zgodovini Hrvaške, se širi čez hrib. Po najnovejših podatkih je terjal najmanj eno življenje, ranjenih je 40 ljudi, 7 se jih bori za življenje, med njimi najstnica. Ker so tamkajšnje ceste na vrhuncu poletja prometno obremenjene, so pristojni voznikom izdali opozorila glede vožnje. V oddaji tudi: - Slovenija v drugem četrtletju z najvišjo medletno rastjo BDP-ja v Evropski uniji. - Krška nuklearka zaradi ugodnejših razmer v postopno povečevanje moči. - V Posočju porast turističnega obiska, ki pa prinaša vse več težav.

Zdravo! Tokrat začnemo tam, kjer se je vse začelo, torej pred velikim pokom. Ker najprej je bil nič. Potem pa veliki pok, potem pa je vmes vskočil Bog in peti dan ustvaril ptice. Sprašujem se tudi, če je bil človek očitna napaka ob koncu šihta. Nadaljujemo z dogodivščinami mladega Boga, njegovim šolanjem, potem pa zavijemo še k veliki noči in večnemu vprašanju, kako je mogoče, da o Jezusovem življenju vemo skoraj vse, samo datuma njegovega vstajenja ne. Na koncu ugotovimo, da prihodnost svetleča, umetna inteligenca pa še vedno potrebuje človeka, ki zna brusiti nož. Za konec razložimo še, zakaj je naša resnica edina prava. ☀️

Igra je namenjena hospitaliziranim otrokom, ki morajo opraviti magnetno resonanco. Ker je ta pregled ne le najmlajšim, temveč tudi odraslim mnogokrat stresen in neprijeten, je namen igre na zabaven in sproščujoč način predstaviti postopek magnetne resonance, male pacientke in paciente pa opolnomočiti in jih podpreti pred preiskavo. Režiserka: Ana Krauthaker Tonska mojstrica: Sonja Strenar Avtor izvirne glasbe: Goran Krmac Fonetičarka: Mateja Juričan Strokovna svetovalka: dr. Ivana Kreft Hausmeister Mark – Mark Vidrih Kolar Lara – Luiza Rakovec Zdravnica – Ana Urbanc Tiger – Lotos Vincenc Šparovec Napovedovalec – Igor Velše Uredništvo igranega programa Posneto v studiih radia Slovenija septembra 2023. Igra je nastala v okviru projekta B-AIR - Zvočna umetnost za dojenčke, malčke in ranljive skupine, ki ga sofinancirata program Ustvarjalna Evropa Evropske Unije in Ministrstvo za kulturo RS.

En la 1491-a E_elsendo el la 04.08.2026 ĉe www.pola-retradio.org: • Nia marda sonraporto pri la 111-a UK en Graz, Aŭstrio enhavas du pliajn sondokumentojn el la dua parto de la Solena Inaŭguro. Temas pri la salutmesaĝo de reprezentanto de edukado.net kaj KER-ekzamenoj de UEA, Katalin Kováts kaj la salutmesaĝo de la vicprezidanto de Akademio de Esperanto, Brian Moon. Ni interparolas kun Adjévi Adjé por ekscii novaĵojn pri la E-movado en Afriko, la funkciado de afrika budo ĉe la 111-a UK kaj publika renkontiĝo kun kongresanoj. Ni mallonge enrigardis la nunjaran kunsidon de Oomoto. Niaj pliaj sondokumentoj rilatas al la omaĝa kunsido honore al Probal Dasgupta, en kiu aŭdiĝas la enkondukaj vortoj de So Jinsu kaj omaĝaj vortoj de Humphrey Tonkin. En la fino informante pri aparta programero „Astrofiziko rakontas muzikon” ni citas el la muziko aŭdiĝinta en ĉi tiu proramero. • La foto akompananta la programinformon rilatas al Oomoto-kunsido dum la 111-a UK en Graz. • En unuopaj rubrikoj de nia paĝo eblas konsulti la paralele legeblajn kaj aŭdeblajn tekstojn el niaj elsendoj, kio estas tradicio de nia redakcio ekde 2003. La elsendo estas aŭdebla en Jutubo ĉe la adreso: https://www.youtube.com/results?q=pola+retradio&sp=CAI%253D Interalie pere de Jutubo, konforme al individua bezono, eblas rapidigi aŭ malrapidigi la parolritmon de la sondokumentoj; eblas transsalti al ajna serĉata fragmento de la elsendo.

Huda vročina in pomanjkanje padavin sta že povzročila hudo sušo zgornjega sloja tal, vse bolj pa ogrožata tudi podtalnico. Ker se večje padavine še ne kažejo, je smiselno varčevanje s pitno vodo, v delih države so njeno uporabo za nenujne namene že omejili. Do preklica je tako med drugim prepovedano zalivanje vrtov, pranje vozil in polnjenje bazenov. V oddaji tudi o tem: - Odločba Ustavnega sodišča ne glede na izid referenduma o interventnem zakonu odpira številna pravna vprašanja. - Bo Bruselj Sloveniji dovolil dodatno nižanje trošarin na energente? Odgovor predvidoma znan čez 3 mesece. - Gianni Infantino z zamislijo o delni privatizaciji svetovnega prvenstva izgublja podporo članic svetovne nogometne organizacije.

Piše Ajda Klepej, bereta Jure Franko in Lidija Hartman. Tretji roman Veronike Simoniti Kako umirajo ladje beremo kot za nazaj napisan dnevnik. V njem nam pripovedovalka razgrinja svoje spomine iz povsem osebnih razlogov, s tem se bori proti pozabljanju in strahu pred minevanjem in izginjanjem. Retrospektivno razmišljanje o preteklih dogodkih jo vodi do premisleka o svojih odločitvah, omogoča pa ji tudi nekoliko več prostora za razumevanje svojih občutenj. Bolj kot do boljšega razumevanja sebe pa jo dnevniško razmišljanje vodi do iskanja predzgodb drugih. Dnevnik razkriva, da glavna protagonistka Pina sebe razume predvsem skozi odnose z drugimi, ki nezavedno usmerjajo njeno življenje. Pripovedovalkino življenje je nerazdružljivo s teatrom v najširšem pomenu besede, saj je v gledališču zaposlena kot dramaturginja in prevajalka. Gledališki svet nam skozi doživljaje predstavi natanko tako, kot si ga predstavljamo negledališčniki. S kolegi po vajah in predstavah ob vinu filozofsko razpravljajo o teoriji gledališča in idealistično razmišljajo o smislu in dometu komadov pa tudi sicer njihove misli obstajajo v diapazonu teatra. Vsaka primerjava, metafora ali miselni zaključek je povezan z odrom, igro, umetnostjo uprizoritve in ne nazadnje vse bolj z Dionizom, grškim bogom gledališča, saj se ansambel odpravi v rojstni kraj tragedije, v Grčijo. Največjo odliko romana vidim ravno v razgrnitvi gledališkega sveta v vsem svojem blišču in na drugi strani v bedi, ki se pred nami razgrinja polagoma. Avtorica Veronika Simoniti je v ospredje postavila dramaturginjo in prevajalko, osebo, ki ima v gledališču precej nevidno vlogo, saj delo najbolje opravlja tako, da njenega vpliva pri gledanju predstave ni čutiti. Ob obnavljanju svojih preteklih ljubezenskih zvez, še posebej zadnje z Urbanom, dramatikom in profesorjem na Akademiji, ugotavlja, da je to vlogo morda prevzela tudi v svojem življenju. Pisateljica pripovedovalkino negotovost, omahovanje in nezaupanje vase zelo dobro prikazuje s kolažem spominov, saj dobro navigira med časovnimi obdobji njenega otroštva, odraščanja in odraslega življenja. Predstavlja nam zgolj izbrane drobce, ki pa so bistveni in ključni za ustvarjanje večplastne, razmišljujoče in introspektivne literarne osebe, kakršna je Pina. Zanjo so ključni odnosi z mamo in očetom, fragmenti skupnega življenja z Urbanom, pogovori z dramatikom Timonom in, najpomembneje, potovanje po Grčiji. Kljub temu da je roman Kako umirajo ladje skupek različnih drobcev, zaradi Pininih povezovalnih misli deluje kot celota, saj vselej kadar zaide v spomine, znova najde povezavo s sedanjostjo, celo najmanjšo. Pinine refleksije je Veronika Simoniti ubesedila izjemno pristno. Tak bralski občutek je dosegla predvsem s tekočim slogom in ubeseditvijo dialogov po naravnem govornem toku, a brez rahljanja slovnice in pravopisa. Hitro in doživeto branje poganjajo predvsem Pinine introspektivne refleksije in Urbanova zamolčana dejanja ter njegove skrivnosti, ki jih ob branju zaznavamo kot zle slutnje, ki čakajo za vogalom. Težo in globino pa roman dobi s Pininim razmišljanjem o lepoti, dobroti, usodi in resničnosti: “Nad resničnostjo imaš nadzor samo na odru”. Njeni dialogi z Urbanom in Timonom, ki jih Pina obnavlja po spominu, pa romanu dodajo pomembno filozofsko nianso: “Nepomembni dnevi grejo lahko v nič, ohraniti pa bi se morali tisti, ki so vredni zapisa, upodobitve, posnetka – zato gledališče ni nikoli dolgočasno: izpušča sivino”. Vsaka taka misel je pripeta na takšno ali drugačno spoznanje – po Aristotelu anagnorezo – iz grškega gledališča, filozofije ali mitologije, (Neizpolnjene obljube so simbol človekove šibkosti in nestalnosti njegove usode spričo božjih načrtov.”), s čimer avtorica dobro združuje teme gledališča, Grčije in Pinino doživljanje. Posameznikove misli in predvsem njegovo bistvo tako spoznavamo zgolj iz odseka njegovega življenja. Da spoznamo Pino, je dovolj, da beremo o njenem dojemanju dogodkov iz Grčije, ki sprožajo asociacije tudi v druge časovne in prostorske sfere. Ključna oseba, ki zaznamuje njeno življenje, je Urban: “Stopil je v prostor kot kralj, ki na žezlo navije vse niti in jih preplete po svoje”. Njegovo življenje je razdeljeno na dva pola – javno se zdi samozavesten intelektualec, v najintimnejšem pa je negotov egoist. Za slednje Pina izve po njegovi smrti, na koncu njune skupne življenjske poti. Pina v dnevniku na dolgo in široko opisuje potovanje po Grčiji, zadnja poglavja svojega življenja pa zgolj na hitro in brez podrobnosti obnovi (rojstvo hčere Katarine, Urbanova bolezen, njegova smrt, njena bolezen, razkritje Timonovega duševnega stanja). Z zamolčanjem velikega dela Pininega življenja je avtorica Veronika Simoniti podal zgoščeno in nabito pripoved, ob kateri bralec ne izgubi navdušenja, ter hkrati poudarila têmo, v kateri živi Pina in v katero jo ovija Urban. Zaradi umanjkanja Pininega glasu dobimo občutek, da jo je ljudem okrog nje uspelo nekako utišati, potisniti na stranski tir, v zaodrje, in to sluti tudi sama: “Sem bila ves čas ob njem brez dialoga”. Po drugi strani pa je roman ubeseditev zgolj enega poglavja v njenem življenju, samo digresija, zaključena kratka zgodba, zaradi česar njeno zapolnjevanje dnevnika na pomanjkljivih mestih ne bi bilo smiselno, “da ne bi skozi pisanje spregledala.” Avtorica zapiše: “je čas za resnico in je čas za prikritje”. Roman Kako umirajo ladje hkrati pooseblja oba pola. Bralcu se razkrijejo Urbanove skrivnosti, prikritih pa nam ostane veliko Pininih doživljajev in misli. Pinina odisejada pa navsezadnje doživi dovolj pomenljiv zaključek, ki prinese zadoščenje njej in bralcu. Ker avtorica v Pinino zgodbo navidezno spontano in nevsiljivo vpleta lirične in poglobljene miselne pejsaže, razgrne pristno življenjsko pripoved, ki se ob koncu zdi prekratka. Glavno protagonistko je tako lahko vzljubiti, da je na zadnji strani slovo od nje grenko. Kako umirajo ladje Veronike Simoniti je brez dvoma roman, ki nas močno zaznamuje na površini, potem pa počasi tone v globine naše duševne votline.

Piše Jože Štucin, bereta Lidija Hartman in Jure Franko. Pesniška zbirka Heronova spirala (mimohod panjskih končnic) Janeza Ramoveša, pesnika iz Suše pod Blegošem, je po osnovni zgradbi sonetni venec, akrostiha sicer ni, ima pa še druge vsebinske dodatke, ki pesnitev širijo v večji in kompleksnejši izdelek. Avtor spremne besede Zdravko Duša jo opisuje kot nekakšen hibrid, pesniško zbirko, ki ima nastavke odrske uprizoritve. Razširjena z orkestrsko in zborovsko glasbo bi se lahko približala celo znamenitemu škofjeloškemu pasijonu. Tudi vsebinsko je namreč blizu žalostnemu križevemu potu glavnega junaka, v resnici antijunaka, voznika klavniškega tovornjaka, ki vse življenje vozi krave v smrt. Vzporednica z brodnikom, ki prevaža duše umrlih čez Aheiron, je več kot očitna, tu voznik kamiona prevaža žive duše v smrt in ga to tudi očitno bremeni in muči. V šestem sonetu namreč resignirano spoznava: "Ževav ja ma, vsak človk pa duše nima, / tu sm spoznov, še marskej sm doživu, / včas v klavnc z voda pudn sm pomivu, / če lohk, marskej be zbrisu von s spomina." Šofer je Heron. Če povežemo z antiko, je matematik Heron iz Aleksandrije čisto nasprotje zgodbi, a zveni podobno kot Haron, brodar v Hadu. V strašljivo pripoved Heron vnaša red, zakonitost in natančnost. Je torej dosleden, skorajda znanstveno neoporečen izvajalec prevozništva živine v klavnico, spirala, ki je omenjena v naslovu, pa vedno znova vrača zgodbo nazaj, v junakovo mladost na podeželju, v naročje Harona, ki bo prej ko slej prevzel pobudo. Spirala pač teče v obe smeri, naprej in nazaj, je simbolen lik minevanja in večnega vračanja. Kot je vidno že v citirani kitici, je Ramoveš tudi to delo napisal v svojem narečju, seveda ne po navodilih dialektologije, temveč kot literarizirano narečje, ki besedilo polaga v usta navadnemu govorcu iz njegovega okolja, kjer prevladuje škofjeloško-cerkljansko narečje. Izredno zanimiv pristop pesnik goji že od samega začetka ustvarjanja. Lahko rečemo, da je svojo "vaško-kmečko" poetiko izpilil do popolnosti, hkrati pa moramo dodati, da ji je s tem nataknil nekaj hermetičnih uzd, ki bodo bralce iz drugih okolij prisilile k poglobljenemu in bolj analitičnemu branju. Sicer ne toliko zaradi narečja, konec koncev se koreni besed lahko hitro stikajo v vseh slovenskih govorih, težje bo poezija dostopna zaradi mnogoplastne simbolike, s katero Ramoveš iz lokalnega, vsakdanjega in domačijskega gradi eksistencialne vsebine. Metaforika je na videz preprosta, ljudska, v jedru pa nabita s plastmi globokih duhovnih izkušenj in spoznanj. Ta dvojnost podajanja skorajda filozofskih vsebin na način ljudskega govora je specifika Ramoveševe poezije. Res, da ni izumitelj tega sloga, je pa gotovo eden najbolj prepričljivih sodobnih ustvarjalcev, ki na plemenit način dvigujejo narečno govorico v visoko pesem. Ko se Heron, zbran in natančen prevoznik, ki nikoli ne zataji in vedno stoodstotno izpolni delovne naloge, začne spraševati o svoji mučni vlogi, je iskren in čustveno odkrit. V trinajstem sonetu se ozre vase, svojo nesrečno vlogo pa vidi bliže peklu kot nebesom: "Krave sa liipe, sm pomislu tist brt, / h zeml nem vliče bolječe vratove, / ene dogreja, že čakajo nove, / jest zmatran brodar sm, pred poku zaprt." Če še enkrat izpostavimo, ima Heronova spirala štirinajst sonetov, katerih uvodni verzi tvorijo magistrale na začetku. Povejmo še, da vsak verz spremlja motiv panjske končnice kot simbolna veriga ljudske umetnosti, dodanih pa je še devet songov za zbor in solista. Takoj je jasno, da to ni zgolj sonetna pesnitev, pač pa skorajda dramsko delo. Vsak sonet uvede literarizirana vsebina panjske končnice, ki oriše okolje, razkrije prizor in je nekakšna didaskalija, uvodni interpretativni ključ za sonet, ki sledi. Za vzorec naj bo zapis pred dvanajstim sonetom, ki namiguje na ljubezenski trenutek: "STAREC: pelje cizo. Težko jo vleče, kleca, vleče po kolenih. / Z nasprotne strani STARKA nese velik koš. / Srečata se, obstaneta. / Nadaljujeta vsak v svojo smer." Kmečka idila se v Ramoveševi poeziji kaže kot vigilija, kot čuječnost in tiho pričakovanje življenjskega cikla ljubezni, prebodeno s trpljenjem dela in vsakdanjega boja za preživetje. Za trenutek se pretvori v ljubezniv postanek, že skoraj ljubezenski stik, a to je tudi vse. Za romantiko seveda ni časa niti ni želje po čustveno-čutnih finesah, da bi se postanek razvezal v kaj več; ne, vsa ljubezen je zgolj hip in bližina na poti. Mogoče je to pesnikov spomin iz mladosti, ko je bilo na vasi še marsikdaj res tako, je pa, metaforično, prestavljeno tudi v njegov čas, v čas brodarske službe, ki tudi ne pozna oddiha in maziljenja čustev, službe, ki je trda, neizprosna in eliptična, tudi epileptična s svojimi travmatskimi uvidi in spoznanji. V sklopu prej omenjene "didaskalije" je pesem za zbor in orkester naslovljena Šmarn. Ker govori o nekakšnem spomladanskem romanju v gore, mogoče h kakšni Marijini kapelici, je ta ljudski glas prepoln spravljivosti in sožitja. Spet v zelo enigmatični sliki, ki lahko ta praznik povezuje tudi z odhodom v nebesa, v smrt: "Ke se cvitje odpjera – grema v gora. / Ke slike zbledeja – grema v gora. / Ke se zvečeri – grema v gora. Tam sa sledovi od tistih koraku. / Tam stojeja vetrovi, ke si zmjeri jih čaku. / Na drevjesu je tarča spraskana v lubje. / Odzgori varhovi okul se varteja. Ke j konc veselice – grema v gora. / Ke imama šulne spucane – grema v gora. / Ke dan se nardi – grema v gora. / Objeti čez rame – grema v gora." V knjigi je tudi dodatek. Skladatelj Gregor Pompe je uglasbil peti sonet in tu je objavljena celotna partitura. Po njegovih besedah skuša uglasbitev to dvojnost vzvišene mestne in preproste ljudske pesniške govorice "posneti z uporabo dveh godalnih triev, v enem od njiju je violončelo zamenjan s kontrabasom, da bi se približal bolj godbeniški in s tem "dialektalni" zasedbi. Temu ustrezno je razporejen tudi material, saj godbeniški trio ves čas leze proti valčku in polki, značilnima slovenskima glasbenima "dialektoma", regularni trio pa ostaja zavezan sodobnemu, abstraktnemu, realnemu ..." Dodajmo. Vsekakor zanimiva kombinacija in nadvse posrečen pristop, da imamo v knjigi tudi glasbeni vzorec, a žal je ostal le pri partituri. Bralec bi ga zagotovo želel tudi slišati na priloženi zgoščenki.

O Tenkai finalmente engatou! Neste episódio, analisamos os 6 primeiros capítulos da Saga do Céu de Cavaleiros do Zodíaco e discutimos o ritmo mais cadenciado que o Kurumada escolheu para essa introdução. Como estão as novas vidas pacatas dos nossos heróis? Debatemos o hilário "Seiya CLT" trabalhando na construção civil e o Shun florista em Rodório. Neste episódio, você vai conferir: O Vácuo de Poder e a Deusa Ker: Com a destruição do submundo, Ker tenta se aproveitar do espaço vazio para agir. Porém, criticamos a sua hesitação inexplicável na hora de eliminar Atena, mesmo com a deusa estando fragilizada. A Política do Olimpo: As tramoias no Templo da Lua estão a todo vapor! Explicamos a dinâmica entre Ártemis tentando proteger a irmã e Calisto agindo pelas costas enviando as Satélites. A Grande Teoria sobre Hades: Será que o espírito de Hades vai usar o corpo de Shun novamente para tentar reconstruir o Inferno aqui mesmo na Terra? O que você achou desse início da Saga do Céu? Deixa sua opinião aí nos comentários!

Tässä kesäextrassa tarjolla ne kevään parhaat palat, joita et kuullut radiosta! Ovatko kädet selän takana varma merkki siitä, että ikää alkaa kertyä? Novan Aamu tunnustaa myös nuoruuden fanituksen asteensa. Keräsivätkö Minna, Kimmo ja Suvi nimmareita? Kimmo avaa suuttumisen asteikon: mistä ärsytys alkaa ja missä kohtaa palaa lopullisesti käämi? Lisäksi studiossa pohditaan, kannattaako lääkärin vastaanotolle meikata vai vaikuttaako huoliteltu ulkonäkö jopa diagnoosin saamiseen. Lisäksi käydään läpi kaikkien aikojen legendaarisimpia p*rsesanontoja.Lisää Minnaa, Kimmoa ja Suvia kuulet Radio Novan taajuudella arkisin kuudesta kymppiin!

Mehika, Brazilija, Peru, Jordanija, Italija, Kitajska in Indija – to so imena držav, v katerih se nahaja 7 čudes sveta. Mehiko smo že odkljukali, naslednja na seznamu je Indija. V Agro, kjer stoji Tadž Mahal, nas odpelje Matjaž Rajh, turistični vodnik pri Agenciji Oskar. Zakaj ravno v Agri? Ker je bilo to mesto v 17. stoletju prestolnica Mogulskega imperija. Tažd Mahal so gradili 22 let, na projektu naj bi delalo okoli 20 tisoč delavcev in strokovnjakov.

Po pričakovanju je Olimpija sezono začela s porazom na mestnem »derbiju«, tako da je tokratno zasedanje posvečeno predvsem tej tekmi in vtisu, ki so ga pustili novinci. Pogovarjali smo se tudi o vrnitvi svetega Agustina in predstavitvi novih (skoraj retro) dresov.Ker smo snemali v press centru štadiona Stožice takoj po tekmi, so nas prekmalu pregnali, tako da je podkast krajši kot bi moral biti. Za to se opravičujemo, posredovala je višja sila imenovana »sitna varnostnica«. Da bi malo podkrepili podhranjeno minutažo, smo vključili še izjavi trenerja Brečka in rezervista Bresta, na koncu pa dodali še kratek kolaž preteklih izjav, ki lepo ponazarjajo stanje duha v klubu in okoli njega.

If you have the opportunity to spend an extended time travelling - like an entire year - I say, grab it! In this episode I chat with three people who’ve had the good fortune to stay away from home for a year, for very different reasons and in many varied parts of the world - what they have in common is that these experiences were very impactful and meaningful. I chat first with Riana Ann-Canning who explained the first time she spent an extended period living abroad, on a youth mobility visa in the Czech Republic. Next, Amy Willis describes a fascinating year on a digital nomad program which saw her move countries each month. Finally, Jonty Crane tells me about his year spent volunteering in the little-touristed nation of Timor-Leste. Links: Riana Ang-Canning - https://teaspoonofadventure.com/ Amy Willis from Ker & Downey https://kerdowney.com/ Amy's Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/amynwillis/ Jonty Crane - https://jontytravels.com/ Exploring Timor - https://www.exploringtimor.com/ Join our Facebook group for Thoughtful Travellers - https://www.facebook.com/groups/thoughtfultravellers Join our LinkedIn group for Thoughtful Travellers - https://notaballerina.com/linkedin Sign up for the Thoughtful Travellers newsletter at Substack - https://thoughtfultravel.substack.com Show notes: https://notaballerina.com/396 Support the show: https://thoughtfultravel.substack.com/See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Ker vemo, da ste nas blazno pogrešali, se vračamo v velikem slogu! Čeprav sploh še nismo bili na morju in se slovenski ligaški nogomet vrača še preden se bo končalo svetovno prvenstvo, smo se z vso vnemo zagrizli v vse tematike, ki so aktualne pred novo sezono. Glede Olimpije nismo optimisti.Poleg tega smo na koncu debatirali še o mundialu, tako da se boste lahko posmehovali našim napovedim, ki so se že naslednji dan izkazale za napačne.To je ena naših najdaljših epizod. Naj se sezona začne!

durée : 00:59:28 - par : Nathalie Piolé - La playlist jazz de Nathalie Piolé. - équipe : Emmanuelle Lacaze, Fabien Fleurat, Emmanuel Benito Vous aimez ce podcast ? Pour écouter tous les épisodes sans limite, rendez-vous sur Radio France

Včasih treba kak zakaj tudi pogoltniti. Ker tako nastanejo biseri. Pripoveduje: Nina Valič. Napisal: Klemen Lah. Pravljica z natečaja za izvirno slovensko pravljico 2010. Posneto v studiih Radia Slovenija 2011.

Tai turėjo įvykti pernai – sako Inga Ruginienė. Nuo šiandien ji laikinoji Premjerė, o netrukus grįš į Socialinės apsaugos ir darbo ministeriją, kai darbą pradės naujoji, Mindaugo Sinkevičiaus Vyriausybė.Vokietijos leidinys „Der Spiegel“ publikavo straipsnį, pavadinimu „Kodėl žydų partizanai Lietuvoje laikomi valstybės priešais“. Čia kalbama apie bunkerius Rūdninkų poligone, kuriame treniruosis Vokietijos brigados kariai.Kryme vėl aidėjo sprogimai, pusiasalyje kilo keletas gaisrų, be to, eismui buvo uždarytas Kerčės tiltas. Stebėjimo grupė „Krymskyj veter“, remdamasi palydovinių nuotraukų duomenimis, pranešė apie naujus gaisro židinius Kerčės naftos terminale, kuris buvo apgadintas per prieš tai vykusią ataką.Trumpiausią metų naktį nemažai žmonių sutiks prie jūros. Nors šįkart šventinė diena viduryje savaitės, tačiau žmonių pajūrio miestuose netrūksta.Ved. A.Skamarakaitė

Two very different narratives about China's economy emerged this week. In France, G7 leaders pushed back against what they see as China's growing dominance in key industries. In Beijing, meanwhile, the Ministry of Industry urged observers to look beyond data showing acute economic weakness. The reality is that China's economy is so large and complex that both narratives can be true at the same time. Ker Gibbs, a longtime China-based executive and former president of the American Chamber of Commerce in Shanghai, explores this contradiction in his new book, The Fragile Dragon: Trade, Trump, and China's Vulnerabilities. Ker joins Eric from San Francisco to discuss his decades of experience working in China and what companies in Africa, Asia, and elsewhere need to understand before entering the Chinese market today.

Elrendelték Őrsi Gergely, Láng Zsolt, Molnár Zsolt és még öt ember letartóztatását. Magyar Péter az ír miniszterelnököt fogadta Budapesten. A Budapesti V. és XIII. Kerületi Ügyészség ejtette a Karácsony Gergely ellen emelt vádat. Megállapodott a tűzszünet végrehajtásáról Izrael és Libanon. Ismét rekordot döntött a Tisza Párt. Kezdje a napot a HVG hírpodcastjával!

Egy évtizedeken át működő, párthatárokon átívelő pénzügyi-politikai rendszer is bukik most Molnár Zsolttal együtt, mondja Kerényi György, aki hat évvel ezelőtt elsőként tárta fel a most hatósági akciók középpontjába került parkfenntartói cégháló működését. A Szabad Európa volt újságírója szerint az önkormányzati megrendelésekből származó pénzek az illegális pártfinanszírozás egyik csatornáját jelenthették, amelyben szocialista és fideszes szereplők egyaránt érintettek lehettek. Arról is beszél, miért volt érdeke a Fidesznek életben tartani a saját ellenzékét, hogyan akadályozta a régi MSZP-elit Botka László kísérletét, és miért tart attól Kerényi, hogy a harminc év alatt kiépült mély struktúrák egy politikai váltást is túlélhetnek. A műsorvezető Benyó Rita.

Debata je tekla predvsem o zadnji tekmi z Bravom, na kateri smo videli sedem mladincev in enega influenserja. Ker tekma ni odločala o ničemer, smo več pozornosti namenili tem mladim igralcem in razvoju mladih nogometašev nasploh. Ostalo pa je tudi nekaj časa za druge teme, kot so možnost prihoda novega vlagatelja, verjetno slovo trenerja in zaključek košarkarske sezone.

Maša Bogataj (Masharik) je napisala komad o iskanju notranjega miru, iskanju mentalnega zatočišča, kamor se lahko umaknemo pred vrvežem. Ker je Maša tudi potapljačica, si ob navdihu Georgea Harrisona idealno milino in tišino fiktivno zamišlja na dnu morja. Čeprav bi številni tam radi ostali morda celo za zmeraj in obteženi s kamnom, to še zdaleč ni samomorilski komad. Zapiski: Videospot Na dnu morja (na 1:41 na Mašino ramo spontano prileti hrošč) Komadi: Argentina Komadi: Daleč je za naju pomlad

Nors Zarasai dar ne kurortinis miestas, bet traukia ir tiek! Kaip gerai ir turiningai leisti laiką ežerų krašte, patars istorikai Ramūnas Keršys ir Šarūnas Subatavičius.Avilių bendruomenė susitelkė ir miesteliui grąžino istorinį pavadinimą. Apie bendruomenės ir mūsų lūkesčius kalbamės Avilių bibliotekoje su Imbrado seniūnijos seniūnu Vygirdu Žalkausku, Avilių bendruomenės pirmininku Vidu Slapšinsku ir bibliotekininke Birute Rodiene.Atstatytoje Kamariškių dvaro sodyboje įsikūrė „Inovatorių slėnis“. Duris lankytojams, svečiams, rezidentams atvėrė duris įrengta inovatyvi kūrybinė erdvė, meno ir garso studijos, renginių salė. Monika Rinkevičiūtė.Ved. Jolanta Jurkūnienė

Umetna inteligenca velja za tehnologijo, ki bo spremenila praktično vse in to velja še zlasti za področje vojaške tehnologije in sistemov. Tekma med velesilami se je v zadnjih letih izrazito pospešila in načrtovanje napadov kot tudi strateške odločitve se vse bolj naslanjajo na umetno inteligenco. Spor med ameriškim podjetjem Anthropic in Pentagonom o mejah uporabe trenutno najzmogljivejšega modela generativne umetne inteligence Claude je jasno pokazal, kako zelo so se spremenile prioritete in načrti. Ker je podjetje želelo zagotovila, da se njihov model Claude, ki velja za najzmogljivejšega na trgu, ne bo uporabljal za nadzorovanje Američanov ter za razvoj avtonomnega orožja, je dobil prepoved sodelovanja z ameriško vlado in z vsemi podjetji, ki z njo sodelujejo. Vsekakor gre za pomenljiv precedens, ki med drugim kaže, da polno avtonomna orožja niso več potencialna nevarnost oziroma stranpot, ampak vse bolj primarna vizija vojn prihodnosti. Kaj vse se s hitrim pohodom umetne inteligence na vojaško področje vojskovanja spreminja, so pomagali osvetliti: - obramboslovec prof. dr. Iztok Prezelj s fakultete za družbene vede Univerze v Ljubljani; - strokovnjak za umetno inteligenco prof. dr. Matej Kristan s Fakultete za računalništvo in informatiko Univerze v Ljubljani; - načelnik sektorja za razvoj zmogljivosti Slovenske vojske polkovnik Jernej Peternel.

[We had some technical challenges with Dave's audio, and cleaned it up as good as possible, but felt the content was so relevant that it was important to get it out to KER listeners]    In this Daily Editorial, we are joined by Dave Erfle, Founder and Editor of Junior Miner Junky, to discuss some fundamental and technical investing insights around the recent pop higher in the precious metals sector.   Gold, silver, and the PM stocks have been moving up the last 2 weeks, and copper has been trading up at all-time highs the last few trading sessions.   Dave reviews the macroeconomic factors moving the larger markets but balances out the longer-range trends with some more near-term technical levels he is watching.  He also provides some fundamental insights into some of the stocks held in the JMJ portfolio, and how he is managing this current environment.    Key discussion points include:   Macro Market Movers and Geopolitics: He discusses the soaring oil and gas prices and global food scarcity due to the war in the Middle East and continued closure of the Strait of Hormuz as factors creating uncertainty in the markets. However, Dave points out that none of the fundamental drivers behind gold's ascent have changed, from sovereign debt to central bank buying, and lack of open interest in the COT. Technical Outlook on Gold and Silver:  The precious metals have been stuck in rangebound trading and a consolidation for the last 7 weeks, and he feels it would be healthy to see things consolidate a bit longer, to build the energy to really move higher.  Dave would like to see gold break out above $4,900 and for silver to break decisively above $90 to get more confident that this consolidation phase has run its course. The Gold Miners Bullish Percentage Index: Dave has pointed out the last few weeks that when the (BPGDM) got down to an 11 reading in late April that this demonstrated how oversold the gold miners were getting, and so a rally higher seemed quite probable.  Now that this has played out, he is looking for more traction and technical confirmation signals in the mining stocks. Key Moving Averages for GDX and GDXJ: The key technical level Dave is watching on the precious metals ETF charts is the 18-week moving average; which has recently acted as overhead resistance.  Pricing in GDX, GDXJ, SIL, SILJ have just recently moved above this level, but his preference would be to see pricing come down to test it the 18-week SMA as support that holds to signal that the next leg higher is on stronger footing. Precious Metals Stocks Breaking Out Of March Consolidation Patterns: Dave points to precious metals stocks that have had strong fundamental newsflow as seeing corresponding outperformance, based on their company catalysts. He flagged the strong performance over the last couple months coming out of the March consolidations in JMJ portfolio stocks like AbraSilver Resource Corp. (TSX: ABRA) (OTCQX: ABBRF), Amex Exploration Inc. (TSXV: AMX) (FSE: MX0) (OTCQX: AMXEF), Maple Gold Mines Ltd. (TSXV: MGM) (OTCQX: MGMLF), Thesis Gold & Silver Inc. (TSXV: TAU) (OTCQX: THSGF). Bull Market Playbook and Portfolio Strategies: Dave outlines his systematic rules-based approach to trimming partial positions in portfolio positions that have moved up multiplefold to redeploy those gains into new positions; flagging the rebalancing approach in Montage Gold Corp. (TSX: MAU, OTCQX: MAUTF) as an example. Direct and Indirect Copper Exposure:  Dave has indirect exposure to copper exploration in some of the aforementioned precious metals companies like AbraSilver Resource and Thesis Gold & Silver, but also pointed out the big win he and his subscribers just realized in direct copper exploration success through Arizona Sonoran Copper Company Inc. (TSX:ASCU | OTCQX:ASCUF); which is currently being acquired by Hudbay Minerals Inc. (TSX: HBM, NYSE: HBM).   He is monitoring a few copper developer names on his watchlist for accretive entry points which he will communicate with his subscribers.   Click here to visit the Junior Miner Junky website to learn more about Dave's investment letter – https://www.juniorminerjunky.com/     For more market commentary & interview summaries, subscribe to our Substacks:   The KE Report: https://kereport.substack.com/ Shad's resource market commentary: https://excelsiorprosperity.substack.com/     Investment disclaimer: This content is for informational and educational purposes only and does not constitute investment advice, an offer, or a solicitation to buy or sell any security. Investing in equities and commodities involves risk, including the possible loss of principal. Do your own research and consult a licensed financial advisor before making any investment decisions. Guests and hosts may own shares in companies mentioned, and companies profiled may be sponsors of the KE Report.

Szilágyi Stefi volt a vendégünk, most éppen Budapestről. Ugyan a választási győzelem éjszakáját egy másnapi meló miatt átaludta, de azért eufórikus eredményvárásban volt része. Vietnámról megtudtuk tőle, hogy a közlekedés az ország leglátványosabb eleme, amihez más egzotikus helyeken szerzett élményekkel kapcsolódtunk.A külföldi szavazásról Lukács mesélt  Berlinből.   Állampolgári kötelességük mellett kulturális igényüket néhàny múzeum meglátogatásával elégítették ki. Latolgattuk, hogy börtönbe kerülnek-e a levitézlett politikusok, vagy kiderülhet-e, ki az a Zsolti bácsi, valamint szenteltünk néhány szót a magyar közoktatás jövőjének, múltjának és jelenének.Barcza Ági IzraelDerdák András FranciaországSzilágyi Stefánia MagyarországVarga Lukács NémetországMűsorvezető: Kerényi Tamás Egyesült királyságHangmérnök: Barcza Gergely

Mišo naju je pelal. Od Robija foter. Na eno najboljših 0:0 tekem v zgodovini NK Maribor. O, ja. Ko se je špricalo pouk (ko se je prek medijev prosilo učitelje, naj ne dajejo neopravičenih ur) in ko je bilo 20.10.1993 največ ludi na delovno sredo na kaki fuzbal tekmi pri nas. Ziher. Ob 14.30. Tekma, ki me spomni, zakaj imam in imamo tako radi fuzbal. In ta klub. Čeprav so nas potem pokradli gori v Nemčiji. ne, ni bil rdeči. O, ne. Bozgotov frajštos pa Lukićev rdeči. Vtetovirano v spomin. Kaj maš, kaj mata pa zdaj to, Jaša? Iskreno, to je bonus runda, ekstra epizoda. Takšnih bo zdaj več. Ta je odprta za vse, potem pa bodo prihajale tedensko za tiste, ki (bo)ste naročeni. Zic bo še vedno prosto dostopen vsem. Do konca sezone še zgurava in se vrževa na glavo. Zdaj se bom lotil Patreona oziroma platform za takšno prakso in naredil tako, da tisti, ki podpirate Ofsajd oziroma ga boste, boste take epizode dobivali za zraven. Kot bonus. Ker ... Zdaj ali nikoli, ne? Več povem sproti, najbolj na koncu, prosim prisluhnite. Najbolj pa me, prosim, zanima, kako se vam zdi ta(kšna) epizoda? Če ni okej, če je bedno, komot povejte. Ne bom jezen ;). Če bi še, če imate kakšne tekme, trenutke, če imate vprašanja, pa kar. Saj več povem v oddaji. Če vam znese, mi bo res ogromno pomenilo. Ker zdaj ali nikoli. Na glavo, ajde!

Milan Greiner že 55 let živi v Švici, oglaša se iz svoje vasi Oberdiessbach. Najprej je bil zaposlen kot šef gradbišča, potem pa spoznal švicarsko Heidi, s katero sta si ustvarila družino in odprla svoje podjetje. Pravi, da ima dve domovini, tudi zato ju v okviru slovenskega društva Kulturni most Švica–Slovenija vestno povezuje. Ker je pobudnik pobratenja občin Lützelflüh in Velike Lašče, bo 9. aprila 2026 v Velike Lašče pripeljal skoraj 50 Švicarjev. Pripoveduje o življenju v Oberdiessbachu, o čevapčičih, ki povezujejo narode, o zborovskem petju in planinarjenju.

Potem ko je Državna volilna komisija v torek tudi uradno potrdila izid volitev v državni zbor, bo jutri ustanovna seja državnega zbora, ki jo je sklicala predsednica republike Nataša Pirc Musar. Poslanke in poslanci bodo potrdili mandate, potem bo sledil ključni del seje, izvolitev predsednika ali predsednice državnega zbora. Ker ta na tajnem glasovanju potrebuje najmanj 46 glasov podpore, izvolitev že lahko pomeni, da se je oblikovala koalicija, ki bi lahko izvolila tudi predsednika vlade. Ali se je že oblikovala ustrezna politična večina, kje se lahko zaplete, kako bodo naprej stekli postopki za oblikovanje vlade? Kakšna je tokratna sestava državnega zbora in zakaj je ta vse bolj le podaljšek vlade? O vsem tem pred prvo sejo novega sklica parlamenta v tokratnem Studiu ob 17-ih. Gostje: dr. Janez Pogorelec, ustavni pravnik; dr. Gregor Virant, nekdanji predsednik državnega zbora; dr. Milan Brglez, nekdanji predsednik državnega zbora. Avtorica oddaje Jolanda Lebar.

Turbopuffer came out of a reading app.In 2022, Simon was helping his friends at Readwise scale their infra for a highly requested feature: article recommendations and semantic search. Readwise was paying ~$5k/month for their relational database and vector search would cost ~$20k/month making the feature too expensive to ship. In 2023 after mulling over the problem from Readwise, Simon decided he wanted to “build a search engine” which became Turbopuffer.We discuss:• Simon's path: Denmark → Shopify infra for nearly a decade → “angel engineering” across startups like Readwise, Replicate, and Causal → turbopuffer almost accidentally becoming a company • The Readwise origin story: building an early recommendation engine right after the ChatGPT moment, seeing it work, then realizing it would cost ~$30k/month for a company spending ~$5k/month total on infra and getting obsessed with fixing that cost structure • Why turbopuffer is “a search engine for unstructured data”: Simon's belief that models can learn to reason, but can't compress the world's knowledge into a few terabytes of weights, so they need to connect to systems that hold truth in full fidelity • The three ingredients for building a great database company: a new workload, a new storage architecture, and the ability to eventually support every query plan customers will want on their data • The architecture bet behind turbopuffer: going all in on object storage and NVMe, avoiding a traditional consensus layer, and building around the cloud primitives that only became possible in the last few years • Why Simon hated operating Elasticsearch at Shopify: years of painful on-call experience shaped his obsession with simplicity, performance, and eliminating state spread across multiple systems • The Cursor story: launching turbopuffer as a scrappy side project, getting an email from Cursor the next day, flying out after a 4am call, and helping cut Cursor's costs by 95% while fixing their per-user economics • The Notion story: buying dark fiber, tuning TCP windows, and eating cross-cloud costs because Simon refused to compromise on architecture just to close a deal faster • Why AI changes the build-vs-buy equation: it's less about whether a company can build search infra internally, and more about whether they have time especially if an external team can feel like an extension of their own • Why RAG isn't dead: coding companies still rely heavily on search, and Simon sees hybrid retrieval semantic, text, regex, SQL-style patterns becoming more important, not less • How agentic workloads are changing search: the old pattern was one retrieval call up front; the new pattern is one agent firing many parallel queries at once, turning search into a highly concurrent tool call • Why turbopuffer is reducing query pricing: agentic systems are dramatically increasing query volume, and Simon expects retrieval infra to adapt to huge bursts of concurrent search rather than a small number of carefully chosen calls • The philosophy of “playing with open cards”: Simon's habit of being radically honest with investors, including telling Lachy Groom he'd return the money if turbopuffer didn't hit PMF by year-end • The “P99 engineer”: Simon's framework for building a talent-dense company, rejecting by default unless someone on the team feels strongly enough to fight for the candidate —Simon Hørup Eskildsen• LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/sirupsen• X: https://x.com/Sirupsen• https://sirupsen.com/aboutturbopuffer• https://turbopuffer.com/Full Video PodTimestamps00:00:00 The PMF promise to Lachy Groom00:00:25 Intro and Simon's background00:02:19 What turbopuffer actually is00:06:26 Shopify, Elasticsearch, and the pain behind the company00:10:07 The Readwise experiment that sparked turbopuffer00:12:00 The insight Simon couldn't stop thinking about00:17:00 S3 consistency, NVMe, and the architecture bet00:20:12 The Notion story: latency, dark fiber, and conviction00:25:03 Build vs. buy in the age of AI00:26:00 The Cursor story: early launch to breakout customer00:29:00 Why code search still matters00:32:00 Search in the age of agents00:34:22 Pricing turbopuffer in the AI era00:38:17 Why Simon chose Lachy Groom00:41:28 Becoming a founder on purpose00:44:00 The “P99 engineer” philosophy00:49:30 Bending software to your will00:51:13 The future of turbopuffer00:57:05 Simon's tea obsession00:59:03 Tea kits, X Live, and P99 LiveTranscriptSimon Hørup Eskildsen: I don't think I've said this publicly before, but I just called Lockey and was like, local Lockie. Like if this doesn't have PMF by the end of the year, like we'll just like return all the money to you. But it's just like, I don't really, we, Justine and I don't wanna work on this unless it's really working.So we want to give it the best shot this year and like we're really gonna go for it. We're gonna hire a bunch of people. We're just gonna be honest with everyone. Like when I don't know how to play a game, I just play with open cards. Lockey was the only person that didn't, that didn't freak out. He was like, I've never heard anyone say that before.Alessio: Hey everyone, welcome to the Leading Space podcast. This is Celesio Pando, Colonel Laz, and I'm joined by Swix, editor of Leading Space.swyx: Hello. Hello, uh, we're still, uh, recording in the Ker studio for the first time. Very excited. And today we are joined by Simon Eski. Of Turbo Farer welcome.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Thank you so much for having me.swyx: Turbo Farer has like really gone on a huge tear, and I, I do have to mention that like you're one of, you're not my newest member of the Danish AHU Mafia, where like there's a lot of legendary programmers that have come out of it, like, uh, beyond Trotro, Rasmus, lado Berg and the V eight team and, and Google Maps team.Uh, you're mostly a Canadian now, but isn't that interesting? There's so many, so much like strong Danish presence.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Yeah, I was writing a post, um, not that long ago about sort of the influences. So I grew up in Denmark, right? I left, I left when, when I was 18 to go to Canada to, to work at Shopify. Um, and so I, like, I've, I would still say that I feel more Danish than, than Canadian.This is also the weird accent. I can't say th because it, this is like, I don't, you know, my wife is also Canadian, um, and I think. I think like one of the things in, in Denmark is just like, there's just such a ruthless pragmatism and there's also a big focus on just aesthetics. Like, they're like very, people really care about like where, what things look like.Um, and like Canada has a lot of attributes, US has, has a lot of attributes, but I think there's been lots of the great things to carry. I don't know what's in the water in Ahu though. Um, and I don't know that I could be considered part of the Mafi mafia quite yet, uh, compared to the phenomenal individuals we just mentioned.Barra OV is also, uh, Danish Canadian. Okay. Yeah. I don't know where he lives now, but, and he's the PHP.swyx: Yeah. And obviously Toby German, but moved to Canada as well. Yes. Like this is like import that, uh, that, that is an interesting, um, talent move.Alessio: I think. I would love to get from you. Definition of Turbo puffer, because I think you could be a Vector db, which is maybe a bad word now in some circles, you could be a search engine.It's like, let, let's just start there and then we'll maybe run through the history of how you got to this point.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: For sure. Yeah. So Turbo Puffer is at this point in time, a search engine, right? We do full text search and we do vector search, and that's really what we're specialized in. If you're trying to do much more than that, like then this might not be the right place yet, but Turbo Buffer is all about search.The other way that I think about it is that we can take all of the world's knowledge, all of the exabytes and exabytes of data that there is, and we can use those tokens to train a model, but we can't compress all of that into a few terabytes of weights, right? Compress into a few terabytes of weights, how to reason with the world, how to make sense of the knowledge.But we have to somehow connect it to something externally that actually holds that like in full fidelity and truth. Um, and that's the thing that we intend to become. Right? That's like a very holier than now kind of phrasing, right? But being the search engine for unstructured, unstructured data is the focus of turbo puffer at this point in time.Alessio: And let's break down. So people might say, well, didn't Elasticsearch already do this? And then some other people might say, is this search on my data, is this like closer to rag than to like a xr, like a public search thing? Like how, how do you segment like the different types of search?Simon Hørup Eskildsen: The way that I generally think about this is like, there's a lot of database companies and I think if you wanna build a really big database company, sort of, you need a couple of ingredients to be in the air.We don't, which only happens roughly every 15 years. You need a new workload. You basically need the ambition that every single company on earth is gonna have data in your database. Multiple times you look at a company like Oracle, right? You will, like, I don't think you can find a company on earth with a digital presence that it not, doesn't somehow have some data in an Oracle database.Right? And I think at this point, that's also true for Snowflake and Databricks, right? 15 years later it's, or even more than that, there's not a company on earth that doesn't, in. Or directly is consuming Snowflake or, or Databricks or any of the big analytics databases. Um, and I think we're in that kind of moment now, right?I don't think you're gonna find a company over the next few years that doesn't directly or indirectly, um, have all their data available for, for search and connect it to ai. So you need that new workload, like you need something to be happening where there's a new workload that causes that to happen, and that new workload is connecting very large amounts of data to ai.The second thing you need. The second condition to build a big database company is that you need some new underlying change in the storage architecture that is not possible from the databases that have come before you. If you look at Snowflake and Databricks, right, commoditized, like massive fleet of HDDs, like that was not possible in it.It just wasn't in the air in the nineties, right? So you just didn't, we just didn't build these systems. S3 and and and so on was not around. And I think the architecture that is now possible that wasn't possible 15 years ago is to go all in on NVME SSDs. It requires a particular type of architecture for the database that.It's difficult to retrofit onto the databases that are already there, including the ones you just mentioned. The second thing is to go all in on OIC storage, more so than we could have done 15 years ago. Like we don't have a consensus layer, we don't really have anything. In fact, you could turn off all the servers that Turbo Buffer has, and we would not lose any data because we have all completely all in on OIC storage.And this means that our architecture is just so simple. So that's the second condition, right? First being a new workload. That means that every company on earth, either indirectly or directly, is using your database. Second being, there's some new storage architecture. That means that the, the companies that have come before you can do what you're doing.I think the third thing you need to do to build a big database company is that over time you have to implement more or less every Cory plan on the data. What that means is that you. You can't just get stuck in, like, this is the one thing that a database does. It has to be ever evolving because when someone has data in the database, they over time expect to be able to ask it more or less every question.So you have to do that to get the storage architecture to the limit of what, what it's capable of. Those are the three conditions.swyx: I just wanted to get a little bit of like the motivation, right? Like, so you left Shopify, you're like principal, engineer, infra guy. Um, you also head of kernel labs, uh, inside of Shopify, right?And then you consulted for read wise and that it kind of gave you that, that idea. I just wanted you to tell that story. Um, maybe I, you've told it before, but, uh, just introduce the, the. People to like the, the new workload, the sort of aha moment for turbo PufferSimon Hørup Eskildsen: For sure. So yeah, I spent almost a decade at Shopify.I was on the infrastructure team, um, from the fairly, fairly early days around 2013. Um, at the time it felt like it was growing so quickly and everything, all the metrics were, you know, doubling year on year compared to the, what companies are contending with today. It's very cute in growth. I feel like lot some companies are seeing that month over month.Um, of course. Shopify compound has been compounding for a very long time now, but I spent a decade doing that and the majority of that was just make sure the site is up today and make sure it's up a year from now. And a lot of that was really just the, um, you know, uh, the Kardashians would drive very, very large amounts of, of data to, to uh, to Shopify as they were rotating through all the merch and building out their businesses.And we just needed to make sure we could handle that. Right. And sometimes these were events, a million requests per second. And so, you know, we, we had our own data centers back in the day and we were moving to the cloud and there was so much sharding work and all of that that we were doing. So I spent a decade just scaling databases ‘cause that's fundamentally what's the most difficult thing to scale about these sites.The database that was the most difficult for me to scale during that time, and that was the most aggravating to be on call for, was elastic search. It was very, very difficult to deal with. And I saw a lot of projects that were just being held back in their ambition by using it.swyx: And I mean, self-hosted.Self-hosted. ‘causeSimon Hørup Eskildsen: it's, yeah, and it commercial, this is like 2015, right? So it's like a very particular vintage. Right. It's probably better at a lot of these things now. Um, it was difficult to contend with and I'm just like, I just think about it. It's an inverted index. It should be good at these kinds of queries and do all of this.And it was, we, we often couldn't get it to do exactly what we needed to do or basically get lucine to do, like expose lucine raw to, to, to what we needed to do. Um, so that was like. Just something that we did on the side and just panic scaled when we needed to, but not a particular focus of mine. So I left, and when I left, I, um, wasn't sure exactly what I wanted to do.I mean, it spent like a decade inside of the same company. I'd like grown up there. I started working there when I was 18.swyx: You only do Rails?Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Yeah. I mean, yeah. Rails. And he's a Rails guy. Uh, love Rails. So good. Um,Alessio: we all wish we could still work in Rails.swyx: I know know. I know, but some, I tried learning Ruby.It's just too much, like too many options to do the same thing. It's, that's my, I I know there's a, there's a way to do it.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: I love it. I don't know that I would use it now, like given cloud code and, and, and cursor and everything, but, um, um, but still it, like if I'm just sitting down and writing a teal code, that's how I think.But anyway, I left and I wasn't, I talked to a couple companies and I was like, I don't. I need to see a little bit more of the world here to know what I'm gonna like focus on next. Um, and so what I decided is like I was gonna, I called it like angel engineering, where I just hopped around in my friend's companies in three months increments and just helped them out with something.Right. And, and just vested a bit of equity and solved some interesting infrastructure problem. So I worked with a bunch of companies at the time, um, read Wise was one of them. Replicate was one of them. Um, causal, I dunno if you've tried this, it's like a, it's a spreadsheet engine Yeah. Where you can do distribution.They sold recently. Yeah. Um, we've been, we used that in fp and a at, um, at Turbo Puffer. Um, so a bunch of companies like this and it was super fun. And so we're the Chachi bt moment happened, I was with. With read Wise for a stint, we were preparing for the reader launch, right? Which is where you, you cue articles and read them later.And I was just getting their Postgres up to snuff, like, which basically boils down to tuning, auto vacuum. So I was doing that and then this happened and we were like, oh, maybe we should build a little recommendation engine and some features to try to hook in the lms. They were not that good yet, but it was clear there was something there.And so I built a small recommendation engine just, okay, let's take the articles that you've recently read, right? Like embed all the articles and then do recommendations. It was good enough that when I ran it on one of the co-founders of Rey's, like I found out that I got articles about, about having a child.I'm like, oh my God, I didn't, I, I didn't know that, that they were having a child. I wasn't sure what to do with that information, but the recommendation engine was good enough that it was suggesting articles, um, about that. And so there was, there was recommendations and uh, it actually worked really well.But this was a company that was spending maybe five grand a month in total on all their infrastructure and. When I did the napkin math on running the embeddings of all the articles, putting them into a vector index, putting it in prod, it's gonna be like 30 grand a month. That just wasn't tenable. Right?Like Read Wise is a proudly bootstrapped company and it's paying 30 grand for infrastructure for one feature versus five. It just wasn't tenable. So sort of in the bucket of this is useful, it's pretty good, but let us, let's return to it when the costs come down.swyx: Did you say it grows by feature? So for five to 30 is by the number of, like, what's the, what's the Scaling factor scale?It scales by the number of articles that you embed.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: It does, but what I meant by that is like five grand for like all of the other, like the Heroku, dinos, Postgres, like all the other, and this then storage is 30. Yeah. And then like 30 grand for one feature. Right. Which is like, what other articles are related to this one.Um, so it was just too much right to, to power everything. Their budget would've been maybe a few thousand dollars, which still would've been a lot. And so we put it in a bucket of, okay, we're gonna do that later. We'll wait, we will wait for the cost to come down. And that haunted me. I couldn't stop thinking about it.I was like, okay, there's clearly some latent demand here. If the cost had been a 10th, we would've shipped it and. This was really the only data point that I had. Right. I didn't, I, I didn't, I didn't go out and talk to anyone else. It was just so I started reading Right. I couldn't, I couldn't help myself.Like I didn't know what like a vector index is. I, I generally barely do about how to generate the vectors. There was a lot of hype about, this is a early 2023. There was a lot of hype about vector databases. There were raising a lot of money and it's like, I really didn't know anything about it. It's like, you know, trying these little models, fine tuning them.Like I was just trying to get sort of a lay of the land. So I just sat down. I have this. A GitHub repository called Napkin Math. And on napkin math, there's just, um, rows of like, oh, this is how much bandwidth. Like this is how many, you know, you can do 25 gigabytes per second on average to dram. You can do, you know, five gigabytes per second of rights to an SSD, blah blah.All of these numbers, right? And S3, how many you could do per, how much bandwidth can you drive per connection? I was just sitting down, I was like, why hasn't anyone build a database where you just put everything on O storage and then you puff it into NVME when you use the data and you puff it into dram if you're, if you're querying it alive, it's just like, this seems fairly obvious and you, the only real downside to that is that if you go all in on o storage, every right will take a couple hundred milliseconds of latency, but from there it's really all upside, right?You do the first go, it takes half a second. And it sort of occurred to me as like, well. The architecture is really good for that. It's really good for AB storage, it's really good for nvm ESSD. It's, well, you just couldn't have done that 10 years ago. Back to what we were talking about before. You really have to build a database where you have as few round trips as possible, right?This is how CPUs work today. It's how NVM E SSDs work. It's how as, um, as three works that you want to have a very large amount of outstanding requests, right? Like basically go to S3, do like that thousand requests to ask for data in one round trip. Wait for that. Get that, like, make a new decision. Do it again, and try to do that maybe a maximum of three times.But no databases were designed that way within NVME as is ds. You can drive like within, you know, within a very low multiple of DRAM bandwidth if you use it that way. And same with S3, right? You can fully max out the network card, which generally is not maxed out. You get very, like, very, very good bandwidth.And, but no one had built a database like that. So I was like, okay, well can't you just, you know, take all the vectors right? And plot them in the proverbial coordinate system. Get the clusters, put a file on S3 called clusters, do json, and then put another file for every cluster, you know, cluster one, do js O cluster two, do js ON you know that like it's two round trips, right?So you get the clusters, you find the closest clusters, and then you download the cluster files like the, the closest end. And you could do this in two round trips.swyx: You were nearest neighbors locally.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Yes. Yes. And then, and you would build this, this file, right? It's just like ultra simplistic, but it's not a far shot from what the first version of Turbo Buffer was.Why hasn't anyone done thatAlessio: in that moment? From a workload perspective, you're thinking this is gonna be like a read heavy thing because they're doing recommend. Like is the fact that like writes are so expensive now? Oh, with ai you're actually not writing that much.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: At that point I hadn't really thought too much about, well no actually it was always clear to me that there was gonna be a lot of rights because at Shopify, the search clusters were doing, you know, I don't know, tens or hundreds of crew QPS, right?‘cause you just have to have a human sit and type in. But we did, you know, I don't know how many updates there were per second. I'm sure it was in the millions, right into the cluster. So I always knew there was like a 10 to 100 ratio on the read write. In the read wise use case. It's, um, even, even in the read wise use case, there'd probably be a lot fewer reads than writes, right?There's just a lot of churn on the amount of stuff that was going through versus the amount of queries. Um, I wasn't thinking too much about that. I was mostly just thinking about what's the fundamentally cheapest way to build a database in the cloud today using the primitives that you have available.And this is it, right? You just, now you have one machine and you know, let's say you have a terabyte of data in S3, you paid the $200 a month for that, and then maybe five to 10% of that data and needs to be an NV ME SSDs and less than that in dram. Well. You're paying very, very little to inflate the data.swyx: By the way, when you say no one else has done that, uh, would you consider Neon, uh, to be on a similar path in terms of being sort of S3 first and, uh, separating the compute and storage?Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Yeah, I think what I meant with that is, uh, just build a completely new database. I don't know if we were the first, like it was very much, it was, I mean, I, I hadn't, I just looked at the napkin math and was like, this seems really obvious.So I'm sure like a hundred people came up with it at the same time. Like the light bulb and every invention ever. Right. It was just in the air. I think Neon Neon was, was first to it. And they're trying, they're retrofitted onto Postgres, right? And then they built this whole architecture where you have, you have it in memory and then you sort of.You know, m map back to S3. And I think that was very novel at the time to do it for, for all LTP, but I hadn't seen a database that was truly all in, right. Not retrofitting it. The database felt built purely for this no consensus layer. Even using compare and swap on optic storage to do consensus. I hadn't seen anyone go that all in.And I, I mean, there, there, I'm sure there was someone that did that before us. I don't know. I was just looking at the napkin mathswyx: and, and when you say consensus layer, uh, are you strongly relying on S3 Strong consistency? You are. Okay.SoSimon Hørup Eskildsen: that is your consensus layer. It, it is the consistency layer. And I think also, like, this is something that most people don't realize, but S3 only became consistent in December of 2020.swyx: I remember this coming out during COVID and like people were like, oh, like, it was like, uh, it was just like a free upgrade.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Yeah.swyx: They were just, they just announced it. We saw consistency guys and like, okay, cool.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: And I'm sure that they just, they probably had it in prod for a while and they're just like, it's done right.And people were like, okay, cool. But. That's a big moment, right? Like nv, ME SSDs, were also not in the cloud until around 2017, right? So you just sort of had like 2017 nv, ME SSDs, and people were like, okay, cool. There's like one skew that does this, whatever, right? Takes a few years. And then the second thing is like S3 becomes consistent in 2020.So now it means you don't have to have this like big foundation DB or like zookeeper or whatever sitting there contending with the keys, which is how. You know, that's what Snowflake and others have do so muchswyx: for goneSimon Hørup Eskildsen: Exactly. Just gone. Right? And so just push to the, you know, whatever, how many hundreds of people they have working on S3 solved and then compare and swap was not in S3 at this point in time,swyx: by the way.Uh, I don't know what that is, so maybe you wanna explain. Yes. Yeah.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Yes. So, um, what Compare and swap is, is basically, you can imagine that if you have a database, it might be really nice to have a file called metadata json. And metadata JSON could say things like, Hey, these keys are here and this file means that, and there's lots of metadata that you have to operate in the database, right?But that's the simplest way to do it. So now you have might, you might have a lot of servers that wanna change the metadata. They might have written a file and want the metadata to contain that file. But you have a hundred nodes that are trying to contend with this metadata that JSON well, what compare and Swap allows you to do is basically just you download the file, you make the modifications, and then you write it only if it hasn't changed.While you did the modification and if not you retry. Right? Should just have this retry loops. Now you can imagine if you have a hundred nodes doing that, it's gonna be really slow, but it will converge over time. That primitive was not available in S3. It wasn't available in S3 until late 2024, but it was available in GCP.The real story of this is certainly not that I sat down and like bake brained it. I was like, okay, we're gonna start on GCS S3 is gonna get it later. Like it was really not that we started, we got really lucky, like we started on GCP and we started on GCP because tur um, Shopify ran on GCP. And so that was the platform I was most available with.Right. Um, and I knew the Canadian team there ‘cause I'd worked with them at Shopify and so it was natural for us to start there. And so when we started building the database, we're like, oh yeah, we have to build a, we really thought we had to build a consensus layer, like have a zookeeper or something to do this.But then we discovered the compare and swap. It's like, oh, we can kick the can. Like we'll just do metadata r json and just, it's fine. It's probably fine. Um, and we just kept kicking the can until we had very, very strong conviction in the idea. Um, and then we kind of just hinged the company on the fact that S3 probably was gonna get this, it started getting really painful in like mid 2024.‘cause we were closing deals with, um, um, notion actually that was running in AWS and we're like, trust us. You, you really want us to run this in GCP? And they're like, no, I don't know about that. Like, we're running everything in AWS and the latency across the cloud were so big and we had so much conviction that we bought like, you know, dark fiber between the AWS regions in, in Oregon, like in the InterExchange and GCP is like, we've never seen a startup like do like, what's going on here?And we're just like, no, we don't wanna do this. We were tuning like TCP windows, like everything to get the latency down ‘cause we had so high conviction in not doing like a, a metadata layer on S3. So those were the three conditions, right? Compare and swap. To do metadata, which wasn't in S3 until late 2024 S3 being consistent, which didn't happen until December, 2020.Uh, 2020. And then NVMe ssd, which didn't end in the cloud until 2017.swyx: I mean, in some ways, like a very big like cloud success story that like you were able to like, uh, put this all together, but also doing things like doing, uh, bind our favor. That that actually is something I've never heard.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: I mean, it's very common when you're a big company, right?You're like connecting your own like data center or whatever. But it's like, it was uniquely just a pain with notion because the, um, the org, like most of the, like if you're buying in Ashburn, Virginia, right? Like US East, the Google, like the GCP and, and AWS data centers are like within a millisecond on, on each other, on the public exchanges.But in Oregon uniquely, the GCP data center sits like a couple hundred kilometers, like east of Portland and the AWS region sits in Portland, but the network exchange they go through is through Seattle. So it's like a full, like 14 milliseconds or something like that. And so anyway, yeah. It's, it's, so we were like, okay, we can't, we have to go through an exchange in Portland.Yeah. Andswyx: you'd rather do this than like run your zookeeper and likeSimon Hørup Eskildsen: Yes. Way rather. It doesn't have state, I don't want state and two systems. Um, and I think all that is just informed by Justine, my co-founder and I had just been on call for so long. And the worst outages are the ones where you have state in multiple places that's not syncing up.So it really came from, from a a, like just a, a very pure source of pain, of just imagining what we would be Okay. Being woken up at 3:00 AM about and having something in zookeeper was not one of them.swyx: You, you're talking to like a notion or something. Do they care or do they just, theySimon Hørup Eskildsen: just, they care about latency.swyx: They latency cost. That's it.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: They just cared about latency. Right. And we just absorbed the cost. We're just like, we have high conviction in this. At some point we can move them to AWS. Right. And so we just, we, we'll buy the fiber, it doesn't matter. Right. Um, and it's like $5,000. Usually when you buy fiber, you buy like multiple lines.And we're like, we can only afford one, but we will just test it that when it goes over the public internet, it's like super smooth. And so we did a lot of, anyway, it's, yeah, it was, that's cool.Alessio: You can imagine talking to the GCP rep and it's like, no, we're gonna buy, because we know we're gonna turn, we're gonna turn from you guys and go to AWS in like six months.But in the meantime we'll do this. It'sSimon Hørup Eskildsen: a, I mean, like they, you know, this workload still runs on GCP for what it's worth. Right? ‘cause it's so, it was just, it was so reliable. So it was never about moving off GCP, it was just about honesty. It was just about giving notion the latency that they deserved.Right. Um, and we didn't want ‘em to have to care about any of this. We also, they were like, oh, egress is gonna be bad. It was like, okay, screw it. Like we're just gonna like vvc, VPC peer with you and AWS we'll eat the cost. Yeah. Whatever needs to be done.Alessio: And what were the actual workloads? Because I think when you think about ai, it's like 14 milliseconds.It's like really doesn't really matter in the scheme of like a model generation.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Yeah. We were told the latency, right. That we had to beat. Oh, right. So, so we're just looking at the traces. Right. And then sort of like hand draw, like, you know, kind of like looking at the trace and then thinking what are the other extensions of the trace?Right. And there's a lot more to it because it's also when you have, if you have 14 versus seven milliseconds, right. You can fit in another round trip. So we had to tune TCP to try to send as much data in every round trip, prewarm all the connections. And there was, there's a lot of things that compound from having these kinds of round trips, but in the grand scheme it was just like, well, we have to beat the latency of whatever we're up against.swyx: Which is like they, I mean, notion is a database company. They could have done this themselves. They, they do lots of database engineering themselves. How do you even get in the door? Like Yeah, just like talk through that kind of.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Last time I was in San Francisco, I was talking to one of the engineers actually, who, who was one of our champions, um, at, AT Notion.And they were, they were just trying to make sure that the, you know, per user cost matched the economics that they needed. You know, Uhhuh like, it's like the way I think about, it's like I have to earn a return on whatever the clouds charge me and then my customers have to earn a return on that. And it's like very simple, right?And so there has to be gross margin all the way up and that's how you build the product. And so then our customers have to make the right set of trade off the turbo Puffer makes, and if they're happy with that, that's great.swyx: Do you feel like you're competing with build internally versus buy or buy versus buy?Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Yeah, so, sorry, this was all to build up to your question. So one of the notion engineers told me that they'd sat and probably on a napkin, like drawn out like, why hasn't anyone built this? And then they saw terrible. It was like, well, it literally that. So, and I think AI has also changed the buy versus build equation in terms of, it's not really about can we build it, it's about do we have time to build it?I think they like, I think they felt like, okay, if this is a team that can do that and they, they feel enough like an extension of our team, well then we can go a lot faster, which would be very, very good for them. And I mean, they put us through the, through the test, right? Like we had some very, very long nights to to, to do that POC.And they were really our biggest, our second big customer off the cursor, which also was a lot of late nights. Right.swyx: Yeah. That, I mean, should we go into that story? The, the, the sort of Chris's story, like a lot, um, they credit you a lot for. Working very closely with them. So I just wanna hear, I've heard this, uh, story from Sole's point of view, but like, I'm curious what, what it looks like from your side.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: I actually haven't heard it from Sole's point of view, so maybe you can now cross reference it. The way that I remember it was that, um, the day after we launched, which was just, you know, I'd worked the whole summer on, on the first version. Justine wasn't part of it yet. ‘cause I just, I didn't tell anyone that summer that I was working on this.I was just locked in on building it because it's very easy otherwise to confuse talking about something to actually doing it. And so I was just like, I'm not gonna do that. I'm just gonna do the thing. I launched it and at this point turbo puffer is like a rust binary running on a single eight core machine in a T Marks instance.And me deploying it was like looking at the request log and then like command seeing it or like control seeing it to just like, okay, there's no request. Let's upgrade the binary. Like it was like literally the, the, the, the scrappiest thing. You could imagine it was on purpose because just like at Shopify, we did that all the time.Like, we like move, like we ran things in tux all the time to begin with. Before something had like, at least the inkling of PMF, it was like, okay, is anyone gonna hear about this? Um, and one of the cursor co-founders Arvid reached out and he just, you know, the, the cursor team are like all I-O-I-I-M-O like, um, contenders, right?So they just speak in bullet points and, and facts. It was like this amazing email exchange just of, this is how many QPS we have, this is what we're paying, this is where we're going, blah, blah, blah. And so we're just conversing in bullet points. And I tried to get a call with them a few times, but they were, so, they were like really writing the PMF bowl here, just like late 2023.And one time Swally emails me at like five. What was it like 4:00 AM Pacific time saying like, Hey, are you open for a call now? And I'm on the East coast and I, it was like 7:00 AM I was like, yeah, great, sure, whatever. Um, and we just started talking and something. Then I didn't know anything about sales.It was something that just comp compelled me. I have to go see this team. Like, there's something here. So I, I went to San Francisco and I went to their office and the way that I remember it is that Postgres was down when I showed up at the office. Did SW tell you this? No. Okay. So Postgres was down and so it's like they were distracting with that.And I was trying my best to see if I could, if I could help in any way. Like I knew a little bit about databases back to tuning, auto vacuum. It was like, I think you have to tune out a vacuum. Um, and so we, we talked about that and then, um, that evening just talked about like what would it look like, what would it look like to work with us?And I just said. Look like we're all in, like we will just do what we'll do whatever, whatever you tell us, right? They migrated everything over the next like week or two, and we reduced their cost by 95%, which I think like kind of fixed their per user economics. Um, and it solved a lot of other things. And we were just, Justine, this is also when I asked Justine to come on as my co-founder, she was the best engineer, um, that I ever worked with at Shopify.She lived two blocks away and we were just, okay, we're just gonna get this done. Um, and we did, and so we helped them migrate and we just worked like hell over the next like month or two to make sure that we were never an issue. And that was, that was the cursor story. Yeah.swyx: And, and is code a different workload than normal text?I, I don't know. Is is it just text? Is it the same thing?Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Yeah, so cursor's workload is basically, they, um, they will embed the entire code base, right? So they, they will like chunk it up in whatever they would, they do. They have their own embedding model, um, which they've been public about. Um, and they find that on, on, on their evals.It. There's one of their evals where it's like a 25% improvement on a very particular workload. They have a bunch of blog posts about it. Um, I think it works best on larger code basis, but they've trained their own embedding model to do this. Um, and so you'll see it if you use the cursor agent, it will do searches.And they've also been public around, um, how they've, I think they post trained their model to be very good at semantic search as well. Um, and that's, that's how they use it. And so it's very good at, like, can you find me on the code that's similar to this, or code that does this? And just in, in this queries, they also use GR to supplement it.swyx: Yeah.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Um, of courseswyx: it's been a big topic of discussion like, is rag dead because gr you know,Simon Hørup Eskildsen: and I mean like, I just, we, we see lots of demand from the coding company to ethicsswyx: search in every part. Yes.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Uh, we, we, we see demand. And so, I mean, I'm. I like case studies. I don't like, like just doing like thought pieces on this is where it's going.And like trying to be all macroeconomic about ai, that's has turned out to be a giant waste of time because no one can really predict any of this. So I just collect case studies and I mean, cursor has done a great job talking about what they're doing and I hope some of the other coding labs that use Turbo Puffer will do the same.Um, but it does seem to make a difference for particular queries. Um, I mean we can also do text, we can also do RegX, but I should also say that cursors like security posture into Tur Puffer is exceptional, right? They have their own embedding model, which makes it very difficult to reverse engineer. They obfuscate the file paths.They like you. It's very difficult to learn anything about a code base by looking at it. And the other thing they do too is that for their customers, they encrypt it with their encryption keys in turbo puffer's bucket. Um, so it's, it's, it's really, really well designed.swyx: And so this is like extra stuff they did to work with you because you are not part of Cursor.Exactly like, and this is just best practice when working in any database, not just you guys. Okay. Yeah, that makes sense. Yeah. I think for me, like the, the, the learning is kind of like you, like all workloads are hybrid. Like, you know, uh, like you, you want the semantic, you want the text, you want the RegX, you want sql.I dunno. Um, but like, it's silly to like be all in on like one particularly query pattern.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: I think, like I really like the way that, um, um, that swally at cursor talks about it, which is, um, I'm gonna butcher it here. Um, and you know, I'm a, I'm a database scalability person. I'm not a, I, I dunno anything about training models other than, um, what the internet tells me and what.The way he describes is that this is just like cash compute, right? It's like you have a point in time where you're looking at some particular context and focused on some chunk and you say, this is the layer of the neural net at this point in time. That seems fundamentally really useful to do cash compute like that.And, um, how the value of that will change over time. I'm, I'm not sure, but there seems to be a lot of value in that.Alessio: Maybe talk a bit about the evolution of the workload, because even like search, like maybe two years ago it was like one search at the start of like an LLM query to build the context. Now you have a gentech search, however you wanna call it, where like the model is both writing and changing the code and it's searching it again later.Yeah. What are maybe some of the new types of workloads or like changes you've had to make to your architecture for it?Simon Hørup Eskildsen: I think you're right. When I think of rag, I think of, Hey, there's an 8,000 token, uh, context window and you better make it count. Um, and search was a way to do that now. Everything is moving towards the, just let the agent do its thing.Right? And so back to the thing before, right? The LLM is very good at reasoning with the data, and so we're just the tool call, right? And that's increasingly what we see our customers doing. Um, what we're seeing more demand from, from our customers now is to do a lot of concurrency, right? Like Notion does a ridiculous amount of queries in every round trip just because they can't.And I'm also now, when I use the cursor agent, I also see them doing more concurrency than I've ever seen before. So a bit similar to how we designed a database to drive as much concurrency in every round trip as possible. That's also what the agents are doing. So that's new. It means just an enormous amount of queries all at once to the dataset while it's warm in as few turns as possible.swyx: Can I clarify one thing on that?Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Yes.swyx: Is it, are they batching multiple users or one user is driving multiple,Simon Hørup Eskildsen: one user driving multiple, one agent driving.swyx: It's parallel searching a bunch of things.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Exactly.swyx: Yeah. Yeah, exactly. So yeah, the clinician also did, did this for the fast context thing, like eight parallel at once.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Yes.swyx: And, and like an interesting problem is, well, how do you make sure you have enough diversity so you're not making the the same request eight times?Simon Hørup Eskildsen: And I think like that's probably also where the hybrid comes in, where. That's another way to diversify. It's a completely different way to, to do the search.That's a big change, right? So before it was really just like one call and then, you know, the LLM took however many seconds to return, but now we just see an enormous amount of queries. So the, um, we just see more queries. So we've like tried to reduce query, we've reduced query pricing. Um, this is probably the first time actually I'm saying that, but the query pricing is being reduced, like five x.Um, and we'll probably try to reduce it even more to accommodate some of these workloads of just doing very large amounts of queries. Um, that's one thing that's changed. I think the right, the right ratio is still very high, right? Like there's still a, an enormous amount of rights per read, but we're starting probably to see that change if people really lean into this pattern.Alessio: Can we talk a little bit about the pricing? I'm curious, uh, because traditionally a database would charge on storage, but now you have the token generation that is so expensive, where like the actual. Value of like a good search query is like much higher because they're like saving inference time down the line.How do you structure that as like, what are people receptive to on the other side too?Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Yeah. I, the, the turbo puffer pricing in the beginning was just very simple. The pricing on these on for search engines before Turbo Puffer was very server full, right? It was like, here's the vm, here's the per hour cost, right?Great. And I just sat down with like a piece of paper and said like, if Turbo Puffer was like really good, this is probably what it would cost with a little bit of margin. And that was the first pricing of Turbo Puffer. And I just like sat down and I was like, okay, like this is like probably the storage amp, but whenever on a piece of paper I, it was vibe pricing.It was very vibe price, and I got it wrong. Oh. Um, well I didn't get it wrong, but like Turbo Puffer wasn't at the first principle pricing, right? So when Cursor came on Turbo Puffer, it was like. Like, I didn't know any VCs. I didn't know, like I was just like, I don't know, I didn't know anything about raising money or anything like that.I just saw that my GCP bill was, was high, was a lot higher than the cursor bill. So Justine and I was just like, well, we have to optimize it. Um, and I mean, to the chagrin now of, of it, of, of the VCs, it now means that we're profitable because we've had so much pricing pressure in the beginning. Because it was running on my credit card and Justine and I had spent like, like tens of thousands of dollars on like compute bills and like spinning off the company and like very like, like bad Canadian lawyers and like things like to like get all of this done because we just like, we didn't know.Right. If you're like steeped in San Francisco, you're just like, you just know. Okay. Like you go out, raise a pre-seed round. I, I never heard a word pre-seed at this point in time.swyx: When you had Cursor, you had Notion you, you had no funding.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Um, with Cursor we had no funding. Yeah. Um, by the time we had Notion Locke was, Locke was here.Yeah. So it was really just, we vibe priced it 100% from first Principles, but it wasn't, it, it was not performing at first principles, so we just did everything we could to optimize it in the beginning for that, so that at least we could have like a 5% margin or something. So I wasn't freaking out because Cursor's bill was also going like this as they were growing.And so my liability and my credit limit was like actively like calling my bank. It was like, I need a bigger credit. Like it was, yeah. Anyway, that was the beginning. Yeah. But the pricing was, yeah, like storage rights and query. Right. And the, the pricing we have today is basically just that pricing with duct tape and spit to try to approach like, you know, like a, as a margin on the physical underlying hardware.And we're doing this year, you're gonna see more and more pricing changes from us. Yeah.swyx: And like is how much does stuff like VVC peering matter because you're working in AWS land where egress is charged and all that, you know.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: We probably don't like, we have like an enterprise plan that just has like a base fee because we haven't had time to figure out SKU pricing for all of this.Um, but I mean, yeah, you can run turbo puffer either in SaaS, right? That's what Cursor does. You can run it in a single tenant cluster. So it's just you. That's what Notion does. And then you can run it in, in, in BYOC where everything is inside the customer's VPC, that's what an for example, philanthropic does.swyx: What I'm hearing is that this is probably the best CRO job for somebody who can come in and,Simon Hørup Eskildsen: I mean,swyx: help you with this.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Um, like Turbo Puffer hired, like, I don't know what, what number this was, but we had a full-time CFO as like the 12th hire or something at Turbo Puffer, um, I think I hear are a lot of comp.I don't know how they do it. Like they have a hundred employees and not a CFO. It's like having a CFO is like a runningswyx: business man. Like, you know,Simon Hørup Eskildsen: it's so good. Yeah, like money Mike, like he just, you know, just handles the money and a lot of the business stuff and so he came in and just hopped with a lot of the operational side of the business.So like C-O-O-C-F-O, like somewhere in between.swyx: Just as quick mention of Lucky, just ‘cause I'm curious, I've met Lock and like, he's obviously a very good investor and now on physical intelligence, um, I call it generalist super angel, right? He invests in everything. Um, and I always wonder like, you know, is there something appealing about focusing on developer tooling, focusing on databases, going like, I've invested for 10 years in databases versus being like a lock where he can maybe like connect you to all the customers that you need.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: This is an excellent question. No, no one's asked me this. Um, why lockey? Because. There was a couple of people that we were talking to at the time and when we were raising, we were almost a little, we were like a bit distressed because one of our, one of our peers had just launched something that was very similar to Turbo Puffer.And someone just gave me the advice at the time of just choose the person where you just feel like you can just pick up the phone and not prepare anything. And just be completely honest, and I don't think I've said this publicly before, but I just called Lockey and was like local Lockie. Like if this doesn't have PMF by the end of the year, like we'll just like return all the money to you.But it's just like, I don't really, we, Justine and I don't wanna work on this unless it's really working. So we want to give it the best shot this year and like we're really gonna go for it. We're gonna hire a bunch of people and we're just gonna be honest with everyone. Like when I don't know how to play a game, I just play with open cards and.Lockey was the only person that didn't, that didn't freak out. He was like, I've never heard anyone say that before. As I said, I didn't even know what a seed or pre-seed round was like before, probably even at this time. So I was just like very honest with him. And I asked him like, Lockie, have you ever have, have you ever invested in database company?He was just like, no. And at the time I was like, am I dumb? Like, but I think there was something that just like really drew me to Lockie. He is so authentic, so honest, like, and there was something just like, I just felt like I could just play like, just say everything openly. And that was, that was, I think that that was like a perfect match at the time, and, and, and honestly still is.He was just like, okay, that's great. This is like the most honest, ridiculous thing I've ever heard anyone say to me. But like that, like that, whyswyx: is this ridiculous? Say competitor launch, this may not work out. It wasSimon Hørup Eskildsen: more just like. If this doesn't work out, I'm gonna close up shop by the end of the mo the year, right?Like it was, I don't know, maybe it's common. I, I don't know. He told me it was uncommon. I don't know. Um, that's why we chose him and he'd been phenomenal. The other people were talking at the, at the time were database experts. Like they, you know, knew a lot about databases and Locke didn't, this turned out to be a phenomenal asset.Right. I like Justine and I know a lot about databases. The people that we hire know a lot about databases. What we needed was just someone who didn't know a lot about databases, didn't pretend to know a lot about databases, and just wanted to help us with candidates and customers. And he did. Yeah. And I have a list, right, of the investors that I have a relationship with, and Lockey has just performed excellent in the number of sub bullets of what we can attribute back to him.Just absolutely incredible. And when people talk about like no ego and just the best thing for the founder, I like, I don't think that anyone, like even my lawyer is like, yeah, Lockey is like the most friendly person you will find.swyx: Okay. This is my most glow recommendation I've ever heard.Alessio: He deserves it.He's very special.swyx: Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Okay. Amazing.Alessio: Since you mentioned candidates, maybe we can talk about team building, you know, like, especially in sf, it feels like it's just easier to start a company than to join a company. Uh, I'm curious your experience, especially not being n SF full-time and doing something that is maybe, you know, a very low level of detail and technical detail.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Yeah. So joining versus starting, I never thought that I would be a founder. I would start with it, like Turbo Puffer started as a blog post, and then it became a project and then sort of almost accidentally became a company. And now it feels like it's, it's like becoming a bigger company. That was never the intention.The intentions were very pure. It's just like, why hasn't anyone done this? And it's like, I wanna be the, like, I wanna be the first person to do it. I think some founders have this, like, I could never work for anyone else. I, I really don't feel that way. Like, it's just like, I wanna see this happen. And I wanna see it happen with some people that I really enjoy working with and I wanna have fun doing it and this, this, this has all felt very natural on that, on that sense.So it was never a like join versus versus versus found. It was just dis found me at the right moment.Alessio: Well I think there's an argument for, you should have joined Cursor, right? So I'm curious like how you evaluate it. Okay, I should actually go raise money and make this a company versus like, this is like a company that is like growing like crazy.It's like an interesting technical problem. I should just build it within Cursor and then they don't have to encrypt all this stuff. They don't have to obfuscate things. Like was that on your mind at all orSimon Hørup Eskildsen: before taking the, the small check from Lockie, I did have like a hard like look at myself in the mirror of like, okay, do I really want to do this?And because if I take the money, I really have to do it right. And so the way I almost think about it's like you kind of need to ha like you kind of need to be like fucked up enough to want to go all the way. And that was the conversation where I was like, okay, this is gonna be part of my life's journey to build this company and do it in the best way that I possibly can't.Because if I ask people to join me, ask people to get on the cap table, then I have an ultimate responsibility to give it everything. And I don't, I think some people, it doesn't occur to me that everyone takes it that seriously. And maybe I take it too seriously, I don't know. But that was like a very intentional moment.And so then it was very clear like, okay, I'm gonna do this and I'm gonna give it everything.Alessio: A lot of people don't take it this seriously. But,swyx: uh, let's talk about, you have this concept of the P 99 engineer. Uh, people are 10 x saying, everyone's saying, you know, uh, maybe engineers are out of a job. I don't know.But you definitely see a P 99 engineer, and I just want you to talk about it.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Yeah, so the P 99 engineer was just a term that we started using internally to talk about candidates and talk about how we wanted to build the company. And you know, like everyone else is, like we want a talent dense company.And I think that's almost become trite at this point. What I credit the cursor founders a lot with is that they just arrived there from first principles of like, we just need a talent dense, um, talent dense team. And I think I've seen some teams that weren't talent dense and like seemed a counterfactual run, which if you've run in been in a large company, you will just see that like it's just logically will happen at a large company.Um, and so that was super important to me and Justine and it's very difficult to maintain. And so we just needed, we needed wording for it. And so I have a document called Traits of the P 99 Engineer, and it's a bullet point list. And I look at that list after every single interview that I do, and in every single recap that we do and every recap we end with.End with, um, some version of I'm gonna reject this candidate completely regardless of what the discourse was, because I wanna see people fight for this person because the default should not be, we're gonna hire this person. The default should be, we're definitely not hiring this person. And you know, if everyone was like, ah, maybe throw a punch, then this is not the right.swyx: Do, do you operate, like if there's one cha there must have at least one champion who's like, yes, I will put my career on, on, on the line for this. You know,Simon Hørup Eskildsen: I think career on the line,swyx: maybe a chair, butSimon Hørup Eskildsen: yeah. You know, like, um, I would say so someone needs to like, have both fists up and be like, I'd fight.Right? Yeah. Yeah. And if one person said, then, okay, let's do it. Right?swyx: Yeah.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Um. It doesn't have to be absolutely everyone. Right? And like the interviews are always the sign that you're checking for different attributes. And if someone is like knocking it outta the park in every single attribute, that's, that's fairly rare.Um, but that's really important. And so the traits of the P 99 engineer, there's lots of them. There's also the traits of the p like triple nine engineer and the quadruple nine engineer. This is like, it's a long list.swyx: Okay.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Um, I'll give you some samples, right. Of what we, what we look for. I think that the P 99 engineer has some history of having bent, like their trajectory or something to their will.Right? Some moment where it was just, they just, you know, made the computer do what it needed to do. There's something like that, and it will, it will occur to have them at some point in their career. And, uh. Hopefully multiple times. Right.swyx: Gimme an example of one of your engineers that like,Simon Hørup Eskildsen: I'll give an eng.Uh, so we, we, we launched this thing called A and NV three. Um, we could, we're also, we're working on V four and V five right now, but a and NV three can search a hundred billion vectors with a P 50 of around 40 milliseconds and a p 99 of 200 milliseconds. Um, maybe other people have done this, I'm sure Google and others have done this, but, uh, we haven't seen anyone, um, at least not in like a public consumable SaaS that can do this.And that was an engineer, the chief architect of Turbo Puffer, Nathan, um, who more or less just bent this, the software was not capable of this and he just made it capable for a very particular workload in like a, you know, six to eight week period with the help of a lot of the team. Right. It's been, been, there's numerous of examples of that, like at, at turbo puff, but that's like really bending the software and X 86 to your will.It was incredible to watch. Um. You wanna see some moments like that?swyx: Isn't that triple nine?Simon Hørup Eskildsen: Um, I think Nathan, what's calledAlessio: group nine, that was only nine. I feel like this is too high forSimon Hørup Eskildsen: Nathan. Nathan is, uh, Nathan is like, yeah, there's a lot of nines. Okay. After that p So I think that's one trait. I think another trait is that, uh, the P 99 spends a lot of time looking at maps.Generally it's their preferred ux. They just love looking at maps. You ever seen someone who just like, sits on their phone and just like, scrolls around on a map? Or did you not look at maps A lot? You guys don't look atswyx: maps? I guess I'm not feeling there. I don't know, butSimon Hørup Eskildsen: you just dis What about trains?Do you like trains?swyx: Uh, I mean they, not enough. Okay. This is just like weapon nice. Autism is what I call it. Like, like,Simon Hørup Eskildsen: um, I love looking at maps, like, it's like my preferred UX and just like I, you know, I likeswyx: lotsAlessio: of, of like random places, soswyx: like,youswyx: know.Alessio: Yes. Okay. There you go. So instead of like random places, like how do you explore the maps?Simon Hørup Eskildsen: No, it's, it's just a joke.swyx: It's autism laugh. It's like you are just obsessed by something and you like studying a thing.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: The origin of this was that at some point I read an interview with some IOI gold medalistswyx: Uhhuh,Simon Hørup Eskildsen: and it's like, what do you do in your spare time? I was just like, I like looking at maps.I was like, I feel so seen. Like, I just like love, like swirling out. I was like, oh, Canada is so big. Where's Baffin Island? I don't know. I love it. Yeah. Um, anyway, so the traits of P 99, P 99 is obsessive, right? Like, there's just like, you'll, you'll find traits of that we do an interview at, at, at, at turbo puffer or like multiple interviews that just try to screen for some of these things.Um, so. There's lots of others, but these are the kinds of traits that we look for.swyx: I'll tell you, uh, some people listen for like some of my dere stuff. Uh, I do think about derel as maps. Um, you draw a map for people, uh, maps show you the, uh, what is commonly agreed to be the geographical features of what a boundary is.And it shows also shows you what is not doing. And I, I think a lot of like developer tools, companies try to tell you they can do everything, but like, let's, let's be real. Like you, your, your three landmarks are here, everyone comes here, then here, then here, and you draw a map and, and then you draw a journey through the map.And like that. To me, that's what developer relations looks like. So I do think about things that way.Simon Hørup Eskildsen: I think the P 99 thinks in offs, right? The P 99 is very clear about, you know, hey, turbo puffer, you can't run a high transaction workload on turbo puffer, right? It's like the right latency is a hundred milliseconds.That's a clear trade off. I think the P 99 is very good at articulating the trade offs in every decision. Um. Which is exactly what the map is in your case, right?swyx: Uh, yeah, yeah. My, my, my world. My world.Alessio: How, how do you reconcile some of these things when you're saying you bend the will the computer versus like the trade