Podcasts about neurodegenerative

PainExam Podcast Show Notes NAD+ Supplementation in Pain and Inflammation: Hype, Hope, or Emerging Science? Hosted by: PainExam Podcast Presented by: NRAP Academy (Neuromodulation, Regional Anesthesia & Pain) Host: David Rosenblum, MD Episode Overview In this episode of the PainExam Podcast, we explore the growing interest in NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) supplementation and its potential role in pain management, inflammation reduction, cellular recovery, and healthy aging. NAD+ is a naturally occurring coenzyme found in every living cell and is essential for energy production, mitochondrial function, DNA repair, and cellular resilience. As NAD+ levels decline with age, chronic stress, inflammation, and disease, researchers have begun investigating whether restoring NAD+ levels may improve outcomes in chronic pain conditions and inflammatory disorders. We review the current science, discuss potential mechanisms of action, and examine how NAD+ therapy is being integrated into regenerative medicine, wellness programs, and pain management practices. What is NAD+? NAD+ is a coenzyme involved in: ✅ Cellular energy production (ATP generation) ✅ Mitochondrial health ✅ DNA repair pathways ✅ Oxidative stress reduction ✅ Neuroprotection ✅ Cellular signaling ✅ Activation of longevity-associated proteins called sirtuins Without adequate NAD+, cells become less efficient at producing energy and managing inflammation. Why Might NAD+ Matter in Chronic Pain? Many chronic pain conditions involve: Mitochondrial dysfunction Oxidative stress Neuroinflammation Peripheral and central sensitization Impaired cellular recovery Researchers hypothesize that optimizing NAD+ levels may help address several of these pathways simultaneously. Potential areas of interest include: Neuropathic Pain NAD+ may support: Nerve repair Axonal recovery Mitochondrial function within neurons Reduction of oxidative injury Inflammatory Pain NAD+ influences inflammatory signaling pathways and may help modulate: Cytokine production Immune cell activity Cellular stress responses Fatigue and Recovery Patients with chronic pain frequently report: Fatigue Brain fog Reduced exercise tolerance Poor recovery Because NAD+ plays a critical role in energy metabolism, some clinicians report improvements in energy and recovery following supplementation. Potential Mechanisms of Action 1. Improved Mitochondrial Function Mitochondria generate ATP, the body's energy currency. Reduced NAD+ levels are associated with: Cellular aging Impaired energy production Increased inflammation Supplementation may help restore mitochondrial efficiency. 2. Activation of Sirtuins Sirtuins are proteins involved in: Cellular repair Longevity Metabolic regulation Inflammation control NAD+ serves as a critical substrate for sirtuin activity. 3. DNA Repair Support NAD+ is required for enzymes known as PARPs (Poly ADP Ribose Polymerases), which participate in DNA repair processes following cellular injury. 4. Reduction of Oxidative Stress Chronic inflammation often produces excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). NAD+ may help maintain cellular antioxidant defenses and reduce oxidative injury. Routes of NAD+ Supplementation Intravenous (IV) NAD+ Most commonly marketed in wellness and recovery clinics. Potential advantages: Direct systemic delivery Avoids gastrointestinal absorption issues Allows higher dosing protocols Potential limitations: Cost Time commitment Variable evidence base Oral Precursors Rather than NAD+ itself, many supplements provide precursors such as: Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) These compounds are converted into NAD+ within the body. What Does the Evidence Show? Current evidence remains preliminary. While preclinical and mechanistic studies are promising, large-scale randomized controlled trials evaluating NAD+ specifically for chronic pain are still limited. Areas under active investigation include: Neuropathic pain Neurodegenerative disorders Chronic fatigue syndromes Recovery optimization Healthy aging Patients should understand that NAD+ therapy remains an emerging treatment rather than a standard evidence-based pain intervention. Safety Considerations Reported side effects may include: Nausea Flushing Chest tightness during rapid infusions Headache Fatigue Lightheadedness Most adverse effects appear infusion-rate dependent and can often be minimized through slower administration protocols. Patients should discuss treatment with a qualified healthcare professional, especially if they have: Cardiovascular disease Active cancer Significant medical comorbidities Clinical Pearls for Pain Physicians ✔ Consider NAD+ as a potential adjunct—not a replacement—for evidence-based pain care. ✔ Continue emphasizing exercise, sleep optimization, nutrition, behavioral health, and appropriate interventional therapies. ✔ Discuss realistic expectations with patients. ✔ Recognize that evidence continues to evolve. ✔ Focus on patient-centered outcomes rather than laboratory markers alone. Key Takeaways NAD+ is essential for cellular energy production and repair. Declining NAD+ levels may contribute to aging, inflammation, and chronic disease. Early evidence suggests possible benefits in inflammation, recovery, fatigue, and nerve health. Robust pain-specific clinical trials remain limited. NAD+ therapy should currently be viewed as an adjunctive and investigational strategy in pain management. Resources for Physicians Pain Medicine Board Preparation Prepare for the ABA Pain Medicine Boards with:

    PainExam Podcast Show Notes NAD+ Supplementation in Pain and Inflammation: Hype, Hope, or Emerging Science? Hosted by: PainExam Podcast Presented by: NRAP Academy (Neuromodulation, Regional Anesthesia & Pain) Host: David Rosenblum, MD Episode Overview In this episode of the PainExam Podcast, we explore the growing interest in NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) supplementation and its potential role in pain management, inflammation reduction, cellular recovery, and healthy aging. NAD+ is a naturally occurring coenzyme found in every living cell and is essential for energy production, mitochondrial function, DNA repair, and cellular resilience. As NAD+ levels decline with age, chronic stress, inflammation, and disease, researchers have begun investigating whether restoring NAD+ levels may improve outcomes in chronic pain conditions and inflammatory disorders. We review the current science, discuss potential mechanisms of action, and examine how NAD+ therapy is being integrated into regenerative medicine, wellness programs, and pain management practices. What is NAD+? NAD+ is a coenzyme involved in: ✅ Cellular energy production (ATP generation) ✅ Mitochondrial health ✅ DNA repair pathways ✅ Oxidative stress reduction ✅ Neuroprotection ✅ Cellular signaling ✅ Activation of longevity-associated proteins called sirtuins Without adequate NAD+, cells become less efficient at producing energy and managing inflammation. Why Might NAD+ Matter in Chronic Pain? Many chronic pain conditions involve: Mitochondrial dysfunction Oxidative stress Neuroinflammation Peripheral and central sensitization Impaired cellular recovery Researchers hypothesize that optimizing NAD+ levels may help address several of these pathways simultaneously. Potential areas of interest include: Neuropathic Pain NAD+ may support: Nerve repair Axonal recovery Mitochondrial function within neurons Reduction of oxidative injury Inflammatory Pain NAD+ influences inflammatory signaling pathways and may help modulate: Cytokine production Immune cell activity Cellular stress responses Fatigue and Recovery Patients with chronic pain frequently report: Fatigue Brain fog Reduced exercise tolerance Poor recovery Because NAD+ plays a critical role in energy metabolism, some clinicians report improvements in energy and recovery following supplementation. Potential Mechanisms of Action 1. Improved Mitochondrial Function Mitochondria generate ATP, the body's energy currency. Reduced NAD+ levels are associated with: Cellular aging Impaired energy production Increased inflammation Supplementation may help restore mitochondrial efficiency. 2. Activation of Sirtuins Sirtuins are proteins involved in: Cellular repair Longevity Metabolic regulation Inflammation control NAD+ serves as a critical substrate for sirtuin activity. 3. DNA Repair Support NAD+ is required for enzymes known as PARPs (Poly ADP Ribose Polymerases), which participate in DNA repair processes following cellular injury. 4. Reduction of Oxidative Stress Chronic inflammation often produces excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). NAD+ may help maintain cellular antioxidant defenses and reduce oxidative injury. Routes of NAD+ Supplementation Intravenous (IV) NAD+ Most commonly marketed in wellness and recovery clinics. Potential advantages: Direct systemic delivery Avoids gastrointestinal absorption issues Allows higher dosing protocols Potential limitations: Cost Time commitment Variable evidence base Oral Precursors Rather than NAD+ itself, many supplements provide precursors such as: Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) These compounds are converted into NAD+ within the body. What Does the Evidence Show? Current evidence remains preliminary. While preclinical and mechanistic studies are promising, large-scale randomized controlled trials evaluating NAD+ specifically for chronic pain are still limited. Areas under active investigation include: Neuropathic pain Neurodegenerative disorders Chronic fatigue syndromes Recovery optimization Healthy aging Patients should understand that NAD+ therapy remains an emerging treatment rather than a standard evidence-based pain intervention. Safety Considerations Reported side effects may include: Nausea Flushing Chest tightness during rapid infusions Headache Fatigue Lightheadedness Most adverse effects appear infusion-rate dependent and can often be minimized through slower administration protocols. Patients should discuss treatment with a qualified healthcare professional, especially if they have: Cardiovascular disease Active cancer Significant medical comorbidities Clinical Pearls for Pain Physicians ✔ Consider NAD+ as a potential adjunct—not a replacement—for evidence-based pain care. ✔ Continue emphasizing exercise, sleep optimization, nutrition, behavioral health, and appropriate interventional therapies. ✔ Discuss realistic expectations with patients. ✔ Recognize that evidence continues to evolve. ✔ Focus on patient-centered outcomes rather than laboratory markers alone. Key Takeaways NAD+ is essential for cellular energy production and repair. Declining NAD+ levels may contribute to aging, inflammation, and chronic disease. Early evidence suggests possible benefits in inflammation, recovery, fatigue, and nerve health. Robust pain-specific clinical trials remain limited. NAD+ therapy should currently be viewed as an adjunctive and investigational strategy in pain management. Resources for Physicians Pain Medicine Board Preparation Prepare for the ABA Pain Medicine Boards with:

    PainExam Podcast Show Notes NAD+ Supplementation in Pain and Inflammation: Hype, Hope, or Emerging Science? Hosted by: PainExam Podcast Presented by: NRAP Academy (Neuromodulation, Regional Anesthesia & Pain) Host: David Rosenblum, MD Episode Overview In this episode of the PainExam Podcast, we explore the growing interest in NAD+ (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) supplementation and its potential role in pain management, inflammation reduction, cellular recovery, and healthy aging. NAD+ is a naturally occurring coenzyme found in every living cell and is essential for energy production, mitochondrial function, DNA repair, and cellular resilience. As NAD+ levels decline with age, chronic stress, inflammation, and disease, researchers have begun investigating whether restoring NAD+ levels may improve outcomes in chronic pain conditions and inflammatory disorders. We review the current science, discuss potential mechanisms of action, and examine how NAD+ therapy is being integrated into regenerative medicine, wellness programs, and pain management practices. What is NAD+? NAD+ is a coenzyme involved in: ✅ Cellular energy production (ATP generation) ✅ Mitochondrial health ✅ DNA repair pathways ✅ Oxidative stress reduction ✅ Neuroprotection ✅ Cellular signaling ✅ Activation of longevity-associated proteins called sirtuins Without adequate NAD+, cells become less efficient at producing energy and managing inflammation. Why Might NAD+ Matter in Chronic Pain? Many chronic pain conditions involve: Mitochondrial dysfunction Oxidative stress Neuroinflammation Peripheral and central sensitization Impaired cellular recovery Researchers hypothesize that optimizing NAD+ levels may help address several of these pathways simultaneously. Potential areas of interest include: Neuropathic Pain NAD+ may support: Nerve repair Axonal recovery Mitochondrial function within neurons Reduction of oxidative injury Inflammatory Pain NAD+ influences inflammatory signaling pathways and may help modulate: Cytokine production Immune cell activity Cellular stress responses Fatigue and Recovery Patients with chronic pain frequently report: Fatigue Brain fog Reduced exercise tolerance Poor recovery Because NAD+ plays a critical role in energy metabolism, some clinicians report improvements in energy and recovery following supplementation. Potential Mechanisms of Action 1. Improved Mitochondrial Function Mitochondria generate ATP, the body's energy currency. Reduced NAD+ levels are associated with: Cellular aging Impaired energy production Increased inflammation Supplementation may help restore mitochondrial efficiency. 2. Activation of Sirtuins Sirtuins are proteins involved in: Cellular repair Longevity Metabolic regulation Inflammation control NAD+ serves as a critical substrate for sirtuin activity. 3. DNA Repair Support NAD+ is required for enzymes known as PARPs (Poly ADP Ribose Polymerases), which participate in DNA repair processes following cellular injury. 4. Reduction of Oxidative Stress Chronic inflammation often produces excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). NAD+ may help maintain cellular antioxidant defenses and reduce oxidative injury. Routes of NAD+ Supplementation Intravenous (IV) NAD+ Most commonly marketed in wellness and recovery clinics. Potential advantages: Direct systemic delivery Avoids gastrointestinal absorption issues Allows higher dosing protocols Potential limitations: Cost Time commitment Variable evidence base Oral Precursors Rather than NAD+ itself, many supplements provide precursors such as: Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) These compounds are converted into NAD+ within the body. What Does the Evidence Show? Current evidence remains preliminary. While preclinical and mechanistic studies are promising, large-scale randomized controlled trials evaluating NAD+ specifically for chronic pain are still limited. Areas under active investigation include: Neuropathic pain Neurodegenerative disorders Chronic fatigue syndromes Recovery optimization Healthy aging Patients should understand that NAD+ therapy remains an emerging treatment rather than a standard evidence-based pain intervention. Safety Considerations Reported side effects may include: Nausea Flushing Chest tightness during rapid infusions Headache Fatigue Lightheadedness Most adverse effects appear infusion-rate dependent and can often be minimized through slower administration protocols. Patients should discuss treatment with a qualified healthcare professional, especially if they have: Cardiovascular disease Active cancer Significant medical comorbidities Clinical Pearls for Pain Physicians ✔ Consider NAD+ as a potential adjunct—not a replacement—for evidence-based pain care. ✔ Continue emphasizing exercise, sleep optimization, nutrition, behavioral health, and appropriate interventional therapies. ✔ Discuss realistic expectations with patients. ✔ Recognize that evidence continues to evolve. ✔ Focus on patient-centered outcomes rather than laboratory markers alone. Key Takeaways NAD+ is essential for cellular energy production and repair. Declining NAD+ levels may contribute to aging, inflammation, and chronic disease. Early evidence suggests possible benefits in inflammation, recovery, fatigue, and nerve health. Robust pain-specific clinical trials remain limited. NAD+ therapy should currently be viewed as an adjunctive and investigational strategy in pain management. Resources for Physicians Pain Medicine Board Preparation Prepare for the ABA Pain Medicine Boards with:

Multiple system atrophy is a rapidly progressive neurodegenerative condition that is often misdiagnosed as Parkinson's disease but carries a far grimmer prognosis. MSA has a median survival of just seven to eight years after symptom onset. Toxic aggregates of alpha‑synuclein and excess brain iron create a vicious cycle of neuronal damage that drives the multisystem motor and autonomic decline characteristic of the disease. Alterity Therapeutics is developing an oral, brain‑penetrant therapy designed to redistribute excess iron, reduce alpha‑synuclein aggregation and oxidative injury, and ultimately slow disease progression. David Stamler, CEO of Alterity, discusses the biology of MSA, the company's promising clinical results to date, and why this therapeutic approach may also have application in other neurodegenerative diseases.

01:20 Introduction to 'Metabolic Neurology.' 03:10 Metabolic Neurology approaches explained04:20 Fasting and Keto Diet, as part of multimodal strategy04:55 Tackling the hardest brain diseases: Alzheimer's, Huntington's, Motor Neurone Disease MND, Dementia, Glioblastoma Brain Cancer07:30 'Metabolic Neurology' explained, applying metabolic health protocols to "restore or heal" brain disorders08:30 Restoring Mitochondria is the basis of Metabolic Neurology 10:00 Dr Phillips inspiring case studies and patient outcomes12:00 Prolonged fasting, keto diet, sleep, exercise, meditation strategies for brain health13:00 Why Doctors and practitioners are resistant to Keto and Fasting approaches 14:00 Dr Matthew Phillip's clinical trial results for different brain diseases: brain cancers, Huntington's disease, MND, Alzheimer's15:00 Dr Phillip's patient storiesDr Matthew PhillipsDr. Phillips is a leading metabolic research scientist spearheading focused metabolic health protocols for brain disease. He coined the term 'Metabolic Neurology', leads cutting-edge research into the most difficult brain disorders, and is an all-around good egg.https://www.metabolicneurologist.com/Metabolic Icebergs: 'Neurodegenerative disorders, metabolic icebergs, and Mitohormesis.'Dr Matthew Phillips, Prof. Martin Picard: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39242576/Thank you for supporting by sharing and subscribing! IMPORTANT - The content in this video is not a substitute for medical advice. Always consult with your physician regarding your health matters. Individuals' lifestyles, bodies and health histories vary. The author does not assume any liability to any party for any loss, damage, or disruption caused by the choice to implement any of the health strategies.

Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, or ALS are often seen as something unstoppable. But instead of seeing them as essentially death sentences, they can certainly be treated. Thanks to nonstop tech innovation, these diseases can be dealt with not just in the brain itself but also in the immune system. Zach Gurick is joined by Dr. Ron Lane of HOPE-Neuron, who is pioneering a completely new approach to treating neurodegenerative diseases through a first-of-its-kind device design to reset the immune system and immune dysfunction at its source. He also opens up about his experiences as a caregiver, a father, and a husband who took care of his wife who was diagnosed with Alzheimer's, which motivated him to devote himself to this groundbreaking medical endeavor. The information presented in Fully Alive is for educational and informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition or treatment and before making changes to your health regimen. Guests' opinions are their own and do not necessarily reflect those of the podcast host, production team, or sponsors.Love the show? Subscribe, rate, review, & share! https://www.shellpoint.org/podcast/

Neurodegenerative conditions often develop over time. They are influenced by a combination of lifestyle, environmental, and biological factors. World-renowned integrative physician Lee Cowden, MD, guided us toward better health during the M3 Detox Experience, showing us the impact of mold, metals, and microbes toxicity on the body. Dr. Cowden is back to update us on how supporting the body holistically may help address underlying imbalances that affect brain health. By exploring approaches that focus on reducing inflammation, supporting detoxification pathways, and nourishing the nervous system, we can begin to see new possibilities for improving cognitive function and overall well-being. When we shift our focus from managing decline to supporting resilience, we open the door to hope, clarity, and a more proactive role in our health journey. Now you can listen commercial free at your leisure…Click here and let's grow together: Lee Cowden, MD, Reversing Neurodegenerative Diseases, Part 2 If you love this podcast episode, share it with a friend. The Lillian McDermott Radio Show/Classroom ~ When You Need a Friend… PREMIERE:  Telegram, Facebook, YouTube, WhenYouNeedaFriend.com SUBSCRIBE, LIKE, & FOLLOW:    Facebook, Instagram, X, Website, Odysee, BitChute, YouTube! LISTEN:  Amazon Podcast, Apple Podcasts, YouTube Music, Spotify, Pandora, TuneIn, iHeartRadio! CALL or TEXT: 407-373-5959 “You can take a pill, or You can take Responsibility!” ®

Le funzioni del sonno sono molteplici e non sono completamente chiarite. Essendo il sonno un fenomeno che riguarda principalmente il cervello, è probabile che la sua funzione fondamentale sia relativa al mantenimento della salute di questo organo e in particolare all'equilibrio, ovvero alla omeostasi, dei complessi processi che vi si svolgono. Una funzione cerebrale strettamente connessa con il sonno è la funzione cognitiva, un' alterazione del sonno potrebbe indurre disfunzioni, così come un buon sonno potrebbe essere una delle cure contro le malattie degenerative. Ne parleremo con il Prof Salvatore Galati Neurologo Neurocentro EOC e con la Professoressa Anna Castelnovo Neuro Psichiatra EOC.

Le funzioni del sonno sono molteplici e non sono completamente chiarite. Essendo il sonno un fenomeno che riguarda principalmente il cervello, è probabile che la sua funzione fondamentale sia relativa al mantenimento della salute di questo organo e in particolare all'equilibrio, ovvero alla omeostasi, dei complessi processi che vi si svolgono. Una funzione cerebrale strettamente connessa con il sonno è la funzione cognitiva, un' alterazione del sonno potrebbe indurre disfunzioni, così come un buon sonno potrebbe essere una delle cure contro le malattie degenerative. Ne parleremo con il Prof Salvatore Galati Neurologo Neurocentro EOC e con la Professoressa Anna Castelnovo Neuro Psichiatra EOC.

Cricket Australia has put the so-called “biggest strategic decision” in generations on ice, so is that it or will discussions continue to drag out indefinitely? Plus, Melbourne Storm coach Craig Bellamy has been diagnosed with a neurodegenerative disorder during an already high stress season and NSW and QLD set up a bumper series in game one of the women's State of Origin.Featured: Peter Lalor, Cricket et Al. Emma Lawrence, Channel 9.To catch up on everything that's making sports headlines recently, listen to more episodes of ABC Sport Daily,' hosted by Patrick Stack on ABC listen or wherever you get your podcasts, and get in touch with them on social media via @abc_sport. In the episodes we will cover big sporting personalities and all sports, including cricket, soccer, F1, NBA, AFL, AFLW to NRLW & NRL news, to covering competitions like the Olympics, the World Cup, The Ashes, Grand Prix and Grand Finals and more.

Dr. Bruce Miller, director of the UCSF Edward and Pearl Fein Memory and Aging Center, examines what neurodegenerative disease reveals about the neural basis of creativity and the social mind. Research in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) shows that visual creativity is not rare: a subset of patients—particularly those with left anterior temporal degeneration—develop new or intensified artistic abilities early in the disease course. These findings suggest that damage to language-dominant left hemisphere regions may release posterior visual networks from inhibition, leading to enhanced visual–spatial expression. Miller situates these observations within human evolution, proposing that art emerges with Homo sapiens, possibly linked to changes in the parietal lobe and the development of the social brain. In contrast, behavioral variant FTD erodes empathy and altruism through right frontal degeneration. Together, these patterns suggest brain asymmetry is central to our creative and social capacities. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41356]

Dr. Bruce Miller, director of the UCSF Edward and Pearl Fein Memory and Aging Center, examines what neurodegenerative disease reveals about the neural basis of creativity and the social mind. Research in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) shows that visual creativity is not rare: a subset of patients—particularly those with left anterior temporal degeneration—develop new or intensified artistic abilities early in the disease course. These findings suggest that damage to language-dominant left hemisphere regions may release posterior visual networks from inhibition, leading to enhanced visual–spatial expression. Miller situates these observations within human evolution, proposing that art emerges with Homo sapiens, possibly linked to changes in the parietal lobe and the development of the social brain. In contrast, behavioral variant FTD erodes empathy and altruism through right frontal degeneration. Together, these patterns suggest brain asymmetry is central to our creative and social capacities. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41356]

Dr. Bruce Miller, director of the UCSF Edward and Pearl Fein Memory and Aging Center, examines what neurodegenerative disease reveals about the neural basis of creativity and the social mind. Research in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) shows that visual creativity is not rare: a subset of patients—particularly those with left anterior temporal degeneration—develop new or intensified artistic abilities early in the disease course. These findings suggest that damage to language-dominant left hemisphere regions may release posterior visual networks from inhibition, leading to enhanced visual–spatial expression. Miller situates these observations within human evolution, proposing that art emerges with Homo sapiens, possibly linked to changes in the parietal lobe and the development of the social brain. In contrast, behavioral variant FTD erodes empathy and altruism through right frontal degeneration. Together, these patterns suggest brain asymmetry is central to our creative and social capacities. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41356]

Dr. Bruce Miller, director of the UCSF Edward and Pearl Fein Memory and Aging Center, examines what neurodegenerative disease reveals about the neural basis of creativity and the social mind. Research in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) shows that visual creativity is not rare: a subset of patients—particularly those with left anterior temporal degeneration—develop new or intensified artistic abilities early in the disease course. These findings suggest that damage to language-dominant left hemisphere regions may release posterior visual networks from inhibition, leading to enhanced visual–spatial expression. Miller situates these observations within human evolution, proposing that art emerges with Homo sapiens, possibly linked to changes in the parietal lobe and the development of the social brain. In contrast, behavioral variant FTD erodes empathy and altruism through right frontal degeneration. Together, these patterns suggest brain asymmetry is central to our creative and social capacities. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41356]

Dr. Bruce Miller, director of the UCSF Edward and Pearl Fein Memory and Aging Center, examines what neurodegenerative disease reveals about the neural basis of creativity and the social mind. Research in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) shows that visual creativity is not rare: a subset of patients—particularly those with left anterior temporal degeneration—develop new or intensified artistic abilities early in the disease course. These findings suggest that damage to language-dominant left hemisphere regions may release posterior visual networks from inhibition, leading to enhanced visual–spatial expression. Miller situates these observations within human evolution, proposing that art emerges with Homo sapiens, possibly linked to changes in the parietal lobe and the development of the social brain. In contrast, behavioral variant FTD erodes empathy and altruism through right frontal degeneration. Together, these patterns suggest brain asymmetry is central to our creative and social capacities. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 41356]

This episode revisits Dr. Sui Wong's insights on how the eyes are neural tissue that can reveal early signs of brain, vascular, and metabolic issues, and reframes migraine as a common, often invisible neurological condition that causes brain fog and cognitive symptoms. Actionable takeaways include scheduling regular dilated eye exams, stabilizing blood sugar, prioritizing sleep and retinal blood flow, reducing digital strain, and tracking migraine triggers to prevent worsening symptoms. In today's review of EP 342 with Dr. Sui Wong from August 2024, we cover:  • Why the eyes are considered an extension of the brain — and how the retina is neural tissue • How eye exams may provide early insight into overall neurological and vascular health • What drusen are, why small amounts can be age-related, and why monitoring retinal changes matters • The powerful idea that prevention begins before symptoms become severe • Why migraine is not “just a headache,” but a neurological condition affecting 1 in 7 people globally • The hidden symptoms of migraine — including brain fog, mood changes, word-finding difficulty, and cognitive slowing • Why migraine is a leading cause of disability in young women and often goes unrecognized • The connection between blood sugar regulation, sleep, stress, and neurological function • Practical ways to support long-term brain health through awareness, monitoring, and daily lifestyle habits • How small, consistent actions build cognitive resilience over time Welcome back to Season 15 of the Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast. I'm Andrea Samadi, and here we bridge the science behind social and emotional learning, emotional intelligence, and practical neuroscience—so we can create measurable improvements in well-being, achievement, productivity, and results. When we launched this podcast seven years ago, it was driven by a question I had never been taught to ask— not in school, not in business, and not in life: If results matter—and they matter now more than ever—how exactly are we using our brain to make these results happen? Most of us were taught what to do. Very few of us were taught how to think under pressure, how to regulate emotion, how to sustain motivation, or even how to produce consistent results without burning out. That question led me into a deep exploration of the mind–brain–results connection—and how neuroscience applies to everyday decisions, conversations, and performance. That's why this podcast exists. Each week, we bring you leading experts to break down complex science and translate it into practical strategies you can apply immediately. When the brain, body, and emotions are aligned, performance stops feeling forced—and starts to feel sustainable. Season 14 showed us what alignment looks like in real life. We looked at goals and mental direction, rewiring the brain, future-ready learning and leadership, self-leadership, which ALL led us to inner alignment. And now, Season 15 is about understanding how that alignment is built—so we can build it ourselves, using predictable, science-backed principles. Because alignment doesn't happen all at once. It happens by using a sequence. And when we understand the order of that sequence — we can replicate it. By repeating this sequence over and over again, until magically (or predictably) we notice our results have changed. Season 15 we've organized as a review roadmap, where each episode explores one foundational brain system—and each phase builds on the one before it. Season 15 Roadmap: Phase 1 — Regulation & Safety Phase 2 — Neurochemistry & Motivation Phase 3 — Movement, Learning & Cognition Phase 4 — Perception, Emotion & Social Intelligence Phase 5 — Integration, Insight & Meaning PHASE 1: REGULATION & SAFETY Staples: Sleep + Stress Regulation Core Question: Is the nervous system safe enough to learn? Anchor Episodes Episode 384[i] — Baland Jalal How learning begins: curiosity, sleep, imagination, creativity Episode 385[ii] — Bruce Perry “What happened to you?” — trauma, rhythm, relational safety Episode 387 Sui Wong Autonomic balance, lifestyle medicine, brain resilience Episode 388 Rohan Dixit HRV, real-time self-regulation, nervous system literacy Phase 1 — Regulation & Safety We have reviewed Dr. Baland Jalal where we were reminded that before learning can happen, before curiosity can emerge, before motivation or growth is possible—the brain must feel safe. Then we looked at trauma and relational safety with Dr. Bruce Perry's Book, What Happened to You, and we move onto Dr. Sui Wong, with autonomic balance, lifestyle medicine and brain resilience.

Stem cell science is reshaping treatment for complex disorders of the brain and spinal cord. Researchers develop cell based therapies to replace lost dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease, fill gaps across spinal cord injuries, and calm seizure networks in refractory epilepsy by restoring the balance of inhibition and excitation. Teams test immune cell therapies against Epstein Barr virus infected B cells in multiple sclerosis and collaborate to move treatments across the blood brain barrier to reach diseased cells. Clinicians combine imaging in the operating room, surgical tools, and research on biological age and the pace of aging to understand disease and guide treatment. Patient advocates describe challenges and hopes for better options, and contemporary art reflects on perception in digital and physical worlds. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 40992]

Stem cell science is reshaping treatment for complex disorders of the brain and spinal cord. Researchers develop cell based therapies to replace lost dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease, fill gaps across spinal cord injuries, and calm seizure networks in refractory epilepsy by restoring the balance of inhibition and excitation. Teams test immune cell therapies against Epstein Barr virus infected B cells in multiple sclerosis and collaborate to move treatments across the blood brain barrier to reach diseased cells. Clinicians combine imaging in the operating room, surgical tools, and research on biological age and the pace of aging to understand disease and guide treatment. Patient advocates describe challenges and hopes for better options, and contemporary art reflects on perception in digital and physical worlds. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 40992]

Stem cell science is reshaping treatment for complex disorders of the brain and spinal cord. Researchers develop cell based therapies to replace lost dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease, fill gaps across spinal cord injuries, and calm seizure networks in refractory epilepsy by restoring the balance of inhibition and excitation. Teams test immune cell therapies against Epstein Barr virus infected B cells in multiple sclerosis and collaborate to move treatments across the blood brain barrier to reach diseased cells. Clinicians combine imaging in the operating room, surgical tools, and research on biological age and the pace of aging to understand disease and guide treatment. Patient advocates describe challenges and hopes for better options, and contemporary art reflects on perception in digital and physical worlds. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 40992]

Stem cell science is reshaping treatment for complex disorders of the brain and spinal cord. Researchers develop cell based therapies to replace lost dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease, fill gaps across spinal cord injuries, and calm seizure networks in refractory epilepsy by restoring the balance of inhibition and excitation. Teams test immune cell therapies against Epstein Barr virus infected B cells in multiple sclerosis and collaborate to move treatments across the blood brain barrier to reach diseased cells. Clinicians combine imaging in the operating room, surgical tools, and research on biological age and the pace of aging to understand disease and guide treatment. Patient advocates describe challenges and hopes for better options, and contemporary art reflects on perception in digital and physical worlds. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 40992]

Stem cell science is reshaping treatment for complex disorders of the brain and spinal cord. Researchers develop cell based therapies to replace lost dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease, fill gaps across spinal cord injuries, and calm seizure networks in refractory epilepsy by restoring the balance of inhibition and excitation. Teams test immune cell therapies against Epstein Barr virus infected B cells in multiple sclerosis and collaborate to move treatments across the blood brain barrier to reach diseased cells. Clinicians combine imaging in the operating room, surgical tools, and research on biological age and the pace of aging to understand disease and guide treatment. Patient advocates describe challenges and hopes for better options, and contemporary art reflects on perception in digital and physical worlds. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 40992]

Stem cell science is reshaping treatment for complex disorders of the brain and spinal cord. Researchers develop cell based therapies to replace lost dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease, fill gaps across spinal cord injuries, and calm seizure networks in refractory epilepsy by restoring the balance of inhibition and excitation. Teams test immune cell therapies against Epstein Barr virus infected B cells in multiple sclerosis and collaborate to move treatments across the blood brain barrier to reach diseased cells. Clinicians combine imaging in the operating room, surgical tools, and research on biological age and the pace of aging to understand disease and guide treatment. Patient advocates describe challenges and hopes for better options, and contemporary art reflects on perception in digital and physical worlds. Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 40992]

In this enlightening episode, we welcome Dr. John E. Lewis, founder and president of Dr. Lewis Nutrition®, to explore the cutting-edge connection between nutrition, neurodegeneration, and multiple sclerosis (MS). As a leading researcher and former Associate Professor at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Dr. Lewis shares how food, supplements, and lifestyle changes can help support the brain and body's healing process. With over 180 peer-reviewed publications and $23 million raised in health research funding, Dr. Lewis brings decades of experience bridging clinical research with practical health strategies for everyday living. Listen now to learn: ·       The primary causes of degeneration in people with MS. ·       The role of diet and gut health in managing autoimmune conditions. ·       The key protein responsible for central nervous system repair. ·       How to build resilience against inflammation and oxidative stress. If you're interested in how nutrition can influence brain health, immunity, and longevity, this episode offers powerful, science-backed insights for lasting wellness. Want to learn more about how Dr. Lewis's work continues to bridge clinical research with practical health strategies for everyday life? Join the conversation now! Episode also available on Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/38oMlMr  Keep up with Dr. Lewis's socials here: Instagram: https://instagram.com/DrLewisNutrition/ Facebook: https://facebook.com/DrLewisNutrition/ TikTok: https://tiktok.com/@DrLewisNutrition/ YouTube: https://youtube.com/@DrLewisNutrition/

View the Show Notes Page for This Episode Become a Member to Receive Exclusive Content Sign Up to Receive Peter's Weekly Newsletter In this special episode, Peter provides a comprehensive introduction to longevity, perfect for newcomers or those looking to refresh their knowledge. He lays out the foundational concepts of lifespan, healthspan, and the marginal decade. Additionally, Peter discusses the four main causes of death and their prevention, as well as detailing the five key strategies in his longevity toolkit to improve lifespan and healthspan. Detailed show notes provide links for deeper exploration of these topics, making it an ideal starting point for anyone interested in understanding and improving their longevity. We discuss: Key points about starting exercise as an older adult [2:45]; Overview of episode topics and structure [1:45]; How Peter defines longevity [3:45]; Why healthspan is a crucial component of longevity [11:15]; The evolution of medicine from medicine 1.0 to 2.0, and the emergence of medicine 3.0 [15:30]; Overview of atherosclerotic diseases: the 3 pathways of ASCVD, preventative measures, and the impact of metabolic health [26:00]; Cancer: genetic and environmental factors, treatment options, and the importance of early and aggressive screening [33:15]; Neurodegenerative diseases: causes, prevention, and the role of genetics and metabolic health [39:30]; The spectrum of metabolic diseases [43:15]; Why it's never too late to start thinking about longevity [44:15]; The 5 components of the longevity toolkit [46:30]; Peter's framework for exercise—The Centenarian Decathlon [47:45]; Peter's nutritional framework: energy balance, protein intake, and more [58:45]; Sleep: the vital role of sleep in longevity, and how to improve sleep habits [1:08:30]; Drugs and supplements: Peter's framework for thinking about drugs and supplements as tools for enhancing longevity [1:13:30]; Why emotional health is a key component of longevity [1:17:00]; Advice for newcomers on where to start on their longevity journey [1:19:30]; and More. Connect With Peter on Twitter, Instagram, Facebook and YouTube

What if preventing hearing loss could also help prevent dementia and other aging-related diseases? In this episode, host Elaine Hamm, PhD, speaks with Celia Belline, Co-Founder and CEO of Cilcare, a biotech company pioneering therapies and analytics for hearing disorders. Celia shares how her company evolved from early research roots into a global leader tackling the connection between auditory health and cognitive decline. From building a business in a niche market to striking a major partnership with Shionogi, she reveals what it takes to innovate in an underexplored — yet crucial — area of biotech. In this episode, you'll learn: How hearing loss research offers powerful insights into preventing dementia and other neurodegenerative diseases. Why Cilcare built a unique three-part model combining external innovation, therapeutics, and auditory analytics. Lessons from taking bold risks in an emerging field — and advice for founders on building partnerships that last. Tune in to discover how addressing hearing loss today could change the future of aging and brain health. Links: Connect with Celia Belline and check out Cilcare. Connect with Elaine Hamm, PhD, and learn about Tulane Medicine Business Development and the School of Medicine. Connect with Sylvie Pucheu, PhD, and Marie-Pierre Pasdelou, PharmD, the other co-founders of Cilcare. Check out Sanofi and Shionogi. Connect with Ian McLachlan, BIO from the BAYOU producer. Check out BIO on the BAYOU and make plans to attend October 28 & 29, 2025. Learn more about BIO from the BAYOU - the podcast. Bio from the Bayou is a podcast that explores biotech innovation, business development, and healthcare outcomes in New Orleans & The Gulf South, connecting biotech companies, investors, and key opinion leaders to advance medicine, technology, and startup opportunities in the region.

Dr. Hoffman continues his conversation with Nicole Bell, the CEO of Galaxy Diagnostics and author of “What Lurks in the Woods.” 

This episode of the Intelligent Medicine podcast is a deep dive into the complexities of Lyme disease and other tick-borne illnesses. Nicole Bell, the CEO of Galaxy Diagnostics and author of “What Lurks in the Woods,” details the challenges of diagnosing tick-borne diseases, the limitations of current diagnostic tests, and the controversy around treatment methodologies. Nicole shares her personal journey that led her to this field after her husband was misdiagnosed with early-onset Alzheimer's, which was later revealed to be caused by advanced Lyme disease. They also discuss new diagnostic techniques, the importance of personalized treatment plans, and ongoing advocacy efforts to improve awareness and research funding for Lyme disease.

Learn how to slow, and even reverse, your biological age with cutting-edge science on the molecule that controls your longevity. Host Dave Asprey sits down with Dr. Leonard Guarente, an MIT PhD and one of the most respected longevity researchers in the world, to reveal how NAD+, sirtuins, and DNA methylation clocks can help you hack aging, upgrade your mitochondria, and extend your healthspan. This episode gives you the real science, proven by over 250 studies, behind supplements, nutrition, and biohacking tools that actually work for brain optimization, metabolism, and human performance. Watch this episode on YouTube for the full video experience: https://www.youtube.com/@DaveAspreyBPR You'll learn why NAD+ is a master regulator of mitochondrial health, how DNA methylation clocks accurately measure biological age, and why boosting sirtuin activity improves resilience, neuroplasticity, and recovery. Dr. Guarente shares insider strategies from decades of functional medicine research, including nootropics, targeted supplements, fasting protocols, and diet adjustments from carnivore to Mediterranean that can shift your metabolism toward longevity. Dave and Dr. Guarente explore advanced biohacks like cold therapy, sleep optimization, and ketosis, plus how to balance these interventions with your genetics, lifestyle, and health goals. You'll also hear about the surprising role of homocysteine in brain aging, how to use lab testing to guide your longevity plan, and why resilience is the ultimate measure of health. You'll learn: • How emotional repression affects brain function, metabolism, and decision-making • Tools for nervous system regulation and emotional healing that drive high performance • Why most people fail without emotional intelligence and internal safety • How somatic awareness can optimize your energy, focus, and relationships • The science of fear, trauma release, and how to turn discomfort into growth • How to coach yourself out of stress, shame, and negative self-talk Whether you want to sharpen your brain, protect your heart, or upgrade your energy systems, this is a masterclass in smarter not harder biohacking for a longer, higher-performing life.Dave Asprey is a four-time New York Times bestselling author, founder of Bulletproof Coffee, and the father of biohacking. With over 1,000 interviews and 1 million monthly listeners, The Human Upgrade is the top podcast for people who want to take control of their biology, extend their longevity, and optimize every system in the body and mind. Each episode features cutting-edge insights in health, performance, neuroscience, supplements, nutrition, hacking, emotional intelligence, and conscious living. Episodes are released every Tuesday, Thursday, and Friday (audio-only) where Dave asks the questions no one else dares, and brings you real tools to become more resilient, aware, and high performing. Keywords: NAD+ supplementation, Sirtuin activation, DNA methylation clocks, Biological age testing, Mitochondrial biogenesis, Epigenetic reprogramming, Pterostilbene benefits, Nicotinamide riboside (NR), Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), Homocysteine reduction, Oxidative stress repair, Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activation, Functional medicine longevity, Healthspan optimization, Resveratrol bioavailability, Menopause mitochondrial support, Phenylbutyrate and protein folding, High-fat diet longevity studies, Neurodegenerative disease biohacking, INCHIANTI aging study Thank you to our sponsors! Screenfit | Get your at-home eye training program for 40% off using code DAVE https://www.screenfit.com/dave. Timeline | Head to https://www.timeline.com/dave to get 10% off your first order. Zbiotics | Go to https://zbiotics.com/DAVE for 15% off your first order. Resources: • Elysium Website. Use code ‘UPGRADE25' for 25% off the first month of a monthly subscription to any Elysium supplement: https://www.elysiumhealth.com/ • Dave Asprey's Website: https://daveasprey.com • Danger Coffee: https://dangercoffee.com/DAVE15 • Dave Asprey's BEYOND Conference: https://beyondconference.com • Dave Asprey's New Book – Heavily Meditated: https://daveasprey.com/heavily-meditated • Upgrade Collective: https://www.ourupgradecollective.com • Upgrade Labs: https://upgradelabs.com • 40 Years of Zen: https://40yearsofzen.com Timestamps: 0:00 — Introduction to NAD & Sirtuins 0:59 — Intro 7:04 — Animal vs Human Aging Studies 10:07 — Discovery of Sirtuins 14:43 — NAD's Role in Aging 15:34 — Resveratrol vs Pterostilbene 23:13 — Timing NAD Supplementation 36:34 — Diet & Lifestyle Factors 50:05 — Elysium's Basis & Signal 1:00:03 — Future Clinical Trials 1:05:14 — Psychology of Aging & Wrap-Up See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Thank you for listening to The Peptide Podcast. If you enjoyed the show and want to support what we do, head over to our Partners Page. You'll find some amazing brands we trust—and by checking them out, you're helping us keep the podcast going. Today, we're focusing on an often-overlooked peptide called VIP, short for Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide. The name might sound technical, but this peptide plays some important roles in the body. It helps regulate inflammation, supports nerve function, improves blood flow by relaxing blood vessels, and may even have benefits for things like chronic pain, including back pain. Let's get into it. What is VIP? We've talked about VIP before on a previous podcast, but it's been awhile and I'd like to start with the basics as a refresher.  VIP is a 28-amino acid neuropeptide that acts like a signaling molecule in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Think of it like a chemical messenger that can influence a lot of different body systems. VIP belongs to the glucagon/secretin peptide superfamily, and it's found throughout the body, including your brain, intestines, lungs, and immune cells. Now, what does VIP actually do? Well it does quite a bit. VIP works by binding to specific receptors on cells—called VPAC1 and VPAC2—which trigger a chain reaction inside the body through something known as the cyclic AMP pathway. Once activated:  It relaxes smooth muscles, which helps open up blood vessels (vasodilation) and airways (bronchodilation) It stimulates secretion of water and electrolytes in places like the gut and pancreas—so yes, it helps with digestion too It's a major immune modulator, calming inflammation by regulating immune cell behavior  Neuroprotective role, supporting the survival and adaptability of neurons VIP in Medicine – What's the Buzz? VIP has been studied in a variety of conditions. Inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's Neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Autoimmune diseases like osteoarthritis Respiratory conditions like pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or due to mold toxicity But today, we're zooming in on something more tangible for a lot of people—back pain. VIP and Back Pain – What Do We Know? Let's get into the science here. VIP has recently caught attention for its potential role in intervertebral disc degeneration, which is one of the top causes of chronic low back pain. A 2024 study found that VIP receptors were significantly reduced in degenerated human discs—which is kind of a red flag. When VIP was given to mice for four weeks, researchers saw slowed degeneration, better structural proteins like aggrecan, and overall healthier discs on imaging. Promising, right? But here's the catch—this was a preclinical animal study. We still need human trials to confirm it works outside the lab. VIP and Joint Pain And when it comes to VIP and joint pain, there's a bit more research on VIP and osteoarthritis, especially when the spine is involved. In OA models, VIP was shown to lower pro-inflammatory cytokines—those molecules that contribute to pain and make joints hurt. But here's where it gets complicated: some studies report that VIP accumulation in joints might actually worsen pain. So... it's a bit of a paradox. So what's the takeaway? VIP can be helpful—but its role in pain management seems to depend on how much, where, and what kind of pain we're talking about. VIP in Peptide Therapy – Real-World Use? In peptide clinics—especially those using integrative or regenerative medicine approaches—VIP is sometimes part of treatment protocols for nerve-related pain and inflammation. It's often paired with other peptides like BPC-157 and TB-500. You can find some clinics that list VIP as a go-to for chronic pain, including back pain. But here's the reality check, clinical data is limited, success is anecdotal, it's pricey and results can vary from person to person. So while VIP might help reduce inflammation and slow tissue degeneration, it's not a substitute for tried-and-true pain management peptides like BPC-157. Thank you for listening to The Peptide Podcast. If you enjoyed the show and want to support what we do, head over to our Partners Page. You'll find some amazing brands we trust—and by checking them out, you're helping us keep the podcast going.  Until next time, be well, and as always, have a happy, healthy week.

Can't get the brain fog to lift? You might be missing a key piece of the puzzle.In this episode, Amy uncovers surprising triggers of brain fog and walks you through evidence-based solutions to sharpen your focus and protect your brain. Listen now for practical tips!What to Listen For[00:01:00] The 3 brain regions affected by brain fog [00:04:00] How indoor air quality and mold exposure might be hijacking your brain function[00:06:30] The surprising connection between noise pollution and accelerated cognitive decline[00:07:00] Why your lighting environment and screen time could be draining your mental energy[00:08:00] "Attention residue": How multitasking fragments your focus and depletes cognitive resources[00:09:00] When brain fog signals something more serious: Neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorders[00:13:00] The journaling method: How to track and identify your unique brain fog triggers[00:14:00] Elimination experiments: A systematic approach to testing what's really affecting your cognition[00:17:00] The complete RESTORED protocol: 8 essential pillars for optimizing brain health[00:19:00] The implementation secret: Why starting with just one easy habit is crucial for success[00:24:00] Identity-based habit formation: Shifting from "trying to" to "I am a person who"[00:27:00] Preview of next episode's focus-building techniques and attention trainingResources MentionedDownload the complete RESTORED Protocol Guide: moxie-club.com/restoredWatch Amy's masterclass on brain health through menopause: moxie-club.com/protectBook a personalized brain fog elimination strategy session: moxie-club.com/strategyGet Amy's book "Thoughts are Habits Too" for her framework on lasting habit change: thoughtsarehabitstoo.comBrain fog doesn't have to be your new normal. By systematically addressing the underlying factors and implementing the RESTORED protocol, you can reclaim your mental clarity and experience the joy of a sharp, focused mind again. Subscribe & Review in iTunesIf you like what you hear, please subscribe to my podcast.  I encourage you to do that today as I don't want you to miss an episode.  Click here to subscribe on iTunes!Now if you're feeling extra loving, I would be really grateful if you left me a review over on iTunes, too. Those reviews help other people find my podcast and they're also fun for me to go in and read. Just click here to review, select “Ratings and Reviews” and “Write a Review” and let me know what your favorite part of the podcast is.Thank you!RESOURCES: Register for the FREE Masterclass: 5 Keys to Protecting Your Brain Health Book a FREE Discovery Call with Amy Lang Order Amy's book Thoughts Are Habits Too: Master Your Triggers, Free Yourself From Diet Culture, and Rediscover Joyful Eating. Follow Amy on Instagram @habitwhisperer

About the Guest(s): Dr. Kristin Hieshetter is a distinguished figure in the field of functional health. Known for her dedication to improving healthcare outcomes, she hosts "Functional Health Radio," which focuses on contemporary health challenges and innovative solutions. She has an extensive healthcare background, including specialties in cardiology, neurology, biofeedback, and nutritional biochemistry. Her passion for empowering individuals to realize their full potential positions her as a leading voice for transformative health practices. Dr. Laura Standridge is an engaged and knowledgeable mother of a child with BPAN (Beta-Propeller Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration). She collaborates with Dr. Kristin Hieshetter on the Functional Health Radio podcast to share insights on managing neurodegenerative conditions through innovative dietary, therapeutic, and technological interventions. Her training, which includes clinical expertise and use of biofeedback and mitochondrial devices, offers a valuable perspective on caring for children with complex health needs. Episode Summary: In this episode of Functional Health Radio, Dr. Kristin Hieshetter dives deep into the alarming statistics surrounding declining U.S. life expectancy and the uptick in chronic conditions among children, sparking discussions on healthcare spending and health optimization. The episode progresses with an exploration of BPAN (Beta-Propeller Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration) and the intricacies of managing this rare neurodegenerative disorder through strategic dietary choices and advanced therapeutic interventions. A special focus is placed on addressing iron accumulation in the brain and the growing trend of neurodevelopmental conditions influenced by environmental toxins. Dr. Hieshetter, alongside guest Dr. Laura , elaborates on strategies to reduce iron intake, utilize mitochondrial support, and implement innovative therapies such as biofeedback devices and low-level lasers to promote brain health. A moving discussion about Dr. Laura son, Laird unveils practical implementations of technology-aided therapies in clinical settings. Through these discussions, the episode underscores the vital roles of therapeutic collaboration and continued parental involvement in treating neurodegenerative disorders. Essential references to books like "The Iron Curse" by Dr. Christy Sutton and devices aiding neurodevelopment offer an enlightening perspective on progressive healthcare. Key Takeaways: Iron Management in BPAN: Limiting iron intake is crucial for managing BPAN, particularly avoiding high-iron foods and choosing suitable alternatives. Innovative Therapies: Utilizing devices such as TENS units, Resimax, and Erconia lasers can substantially aid in treating neurodegenerative conditions by enhancing cellular energy and brain function. Environmental Toxin Awareness: Reducing exposure to environmental toxins like PFAS is critical in managing and mitigating neurodevelopmental disorders. Integrative Health Interventions: Combining chiropractic, neurology, and nutritional insights leads to more comprehensive treatment approaches for complex health conditions. Power of Movement: Ensuring movement, even passive, in children with developmental challenges plays a vital role in maintaining brain health and function. Notable Quotes: "We are walking around in the most amazing, intelligent, responsive, adapting, and aware system in the world, the human you." — Dr. Kristin Hieshetter "Everything you put in that kid's body is going to immediately help or immediately harm that child." — Dr. Kristin Hieshetter "If you're interested in learning more about that iron and what is happening, 'The Iron Curse' by Dr. Christy Sutton is amazing." — Dr. Kristin Hieshetter "His typical BPAN trajectory is not happening with her son because we're doing so many other things." — Dr. Kristin Hieshetter "The neat thing about the continued quest for knowledge is that you stack in all these other things because you know there's going to be things in there that can help that patient." — Dr. Kristin Hieshetter Resources: Dr. Christy Sutton's Book: [The Iron Curse](Not provided in the transcript) Dr. William Davis' Books: "Undoctored" and "Wheat Belly Diet" David Perlmutter's Book: "Grain Brain" Erconia Lasers: Erconia Medical (unprovided in transcript) Functional Health Mastery Group Device and Therapy: Forebrain headsets, TENS units, Resimax, and Kirtan Kriya audio meditations Listeners are encouraged to tune into Functional Health Radio to delve deeper into essential topics related to health innovation and management and to stay informed about forthcoming episodes packed with insightful discussions and expert perspectives.

About the Guest(s): Dr. Laura Standridge: Dr. Laura Standridge is a prominent functional chiropractor known for her expertise in pediatric neurological development and genetic disorders. She is board certified in neurofeedback and specializes in approaches that focus on neurodevelopmental assessments, particularly concerning mitochondrial function and primitive reflexes. Dr. Standridge has gained attention for her work with rare neurodegenerative disorders, particularly BPAN, following her son's diagnosis with the disease. Her professional journey is marked by a dedication to understanding and improving neurological health through innovative methods in functional and integrative healthcare. Episode Summary: In this enlightening episode of Functional Health Radio, Dr. Kristin Hieshetter delves deep into the pressing health crises in America, revealing that the country's life expectancy has not only plateaued but declined for both men and women. Despite the high per capita healthcare expenditure, conditions like heart disease and cancer remain prevalent, and children are increasingly diagnosed with chronic diseases. The discussion transitions into a heartfelt narrative with Dr. Laura Standridge, a functional chiropractor passionately occupied with her son Laird's rare neurodegenerative disease known as BPAN (Beta-propeller Protein-Associated Neurodegeneration). BPAN, characterized by iron accumulation in the brain, is a daunting diagnosis for any family, but Dr. Standridge shares her proactive approach to defy the medical script of decline. Employing advanced genetic testing and leveraging her deep understanding of functional health principles, Dr. Standridge explores comprehensive interventions that have led to remarkable outcomes for Laird. From dietary adjustments to specialized neurodevelopmental therapies and state-of-the-art medical interventions, Dr. Standridge's narrative underscores a hopeful perspective—not only sharing insights about BPAN but also reflecting innovative applications of functional health practices. This episode highlights how a blend of cutting-edge science and compassionate care can write new chapters in health and wellness narratives. Key Takeaways: BPAN Disease Insight: BPAN is a rare neurodegenerative disorder that causes abnormal iron accumulation in the brain, significantly impairing mitochondrial function and autophagy. Unique Case of Laird: Laird defies the typical BPAN trajectory through a tailored combination of nutritional strategies, functional therapies, and mitochondrial enhancement techniques. Importance of Nutrition: Laird's diet, free of gluten and inflammatory foods, supports brain health by preventing autoimmune responses that can exacerbate neurological damage. Integrative Approaches: Utilization of genetic testing and innovative therapies, like low-level laser therapy, provides neuroprotective benefits and enhances Laird's quality of life. Collaborative Healthcare: Dr. Standridge exemplifies the power of interdisciplinary collaboration, uniting various specialists to support a functional health-driven roadmap for Laird. Notable Quotes: "We are walking around in the most amazing, intelligent, responsive, adapting and aware system in the world, the human. Let's bring it to its fullest potential." - Dr. Kristin Hieshetter "It doesn't matter what the label is…I'm much more interested in how you are functioning and not what somebody from the outside might call you." - Dr. Laura Standridge "We waited and we waited and we waited some more and finally received this diagnosis." - Dr. Laura Standridge "The brain is built on the postural system…and so there is this amazing order of neurological development whether you have a genetic difference or not." - Dr. Laura Standridge "Together, we'll be the change that we wish to see in the world." - Dr. Kristin Hieshetter Resources: Learn more about BPAN and related genetic testing at the CDC Vital Statistics Report: www.cdc.gov For insights into functional chiropractic care and Dr. Laura Standridge's approaches, visit Functional Health Mastery Stay informed with the World Economic Forum's health expenditure data: www.weforum.org Functional Health Mastery Group Listen to the full episode to dive deeper into the revolutionary approaches that Dr. Laura Standridge and Dr. Kristin Hieshetter share in tackling BPAN, and stay tuned for more inspiring stories and informative discussions on Functional Health Radio.

Dysfunction of the supranuclear ocular motor pathways typically causes highly localizable deficits. With sophisticated neuroimaging, it is critical to better understand structure-function relationships and precisely localize pathology within the brain. In this episode, Lyell K. Jones Jr, MD, FAAN, speaks with Gregory P. Van Stavern, MD, author of the article “Supranuclear Disorders of Eye Movements” in the Continuum® April 2025 Neuro-ophthalmology issue. Dr. Jones is the editor-in-chief of Continuum: Lifelong Learning in Neurology® and is a professor of neurology at Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. Dr. Van Stavern is the Robert C. Drews professor of ophthalmology and visual sciences at Washington University in St Louis, Missouri. Additional Resources Read the article: Internuclear and Supranuclear Disorders of Eye Movements Subscribe to Continuum®: shop.lww.com/Continuum Earn CME (available only to AAN members): continpub.com/AudioCME Continuum® Aloud (verbatim audio-book style recordings of articles available only to Continuum® subscribers): continpub.com/Aloud More about the American Academy of Neurology: aan.com Social Media facebook.com/continuumcme @ContinuumAAN Host: @LyellJ Full episode transcript available here Dr Jones: This is Dr Lyell Jones, Editor-in-Chief of Continuum. Thank you for listening to Continuum Audio. Be sure to visit the links in the episode notes for information about earning CME, subscribing to the journal, and exclusive access to interviews not featured on the podcast. Dr Jones: This is Dr Lyell Jones, Editor-in-Chief of Continuum: Lifelong Learning in Neurology. Today I'm interviewing Dr Gregory Van Stavern, who recently authored an article on intranuclear and supranuclear disorders of eye movements for our latest Continuum issue on neuro-ophthalmology. Dr Van Stavern is the Robert C Drews professor of ophthalmology and visual sciences at Washington University in Saint Louis. Dr Van Stavern, welcome, and thank you for joining us today. Why don't you introduce yourself to our audience? Dr Van Stavern: Hi, my name is Gregory Van Stavern. I'm a neuro-ophthalmologist located in Saint Louis, and I'm pleased to be on this show today. Dr Jones: We appreciate you being here, and obviously, any discussion of the visual system is worthwhile. The visual system is important. It's how most of us and most of our patients navigate the world. Roughly 40% of the brain---you can correct me if I'm wrong---is in some way assigned to our visual system. But it's not just about the sensory experience, right? The afferent visual processing. We also have motor systems of control that align our vision and allow us to accurately direct our vision to visual targets of interest. The circuitry is complex, which I think is intimidating to many of us. It's much easier to see a diagram of that than to describe it on a podcast. But I think this is a good opportunity for us to talk about the ocular motor exam and how it helps us localize lesions and, and better understand diagnoses for certain disorders. So, let's get right to it, Dr Van Stavern. If you had from your article, which is outstanding, a single most important message for our listeners about recognizing or treating patients with ocular motor disorders, what would that message be? Dr Van Stavern: Well, I think if we can basically zoom out a little to the big picture, I think it really emphasizes the continuing importance of the examination. History as well, but the examination. I was reading an article the other day that was essentially downplaying the importance of the physical examination in the modern era with modern imaging techniques and technology. But for neurology, and especially neuro-ophthalmology, the history and the examination should still drive clinical decision-making. And doing a careful assessment of the ocular motor system should be able to tell you exactly where the lesion is located, because it's very easy to order a brain MRI, but the MRI is, like Forrest Gump might say, it's like a box of chocolates. You never know what you're going to find. You may find a lot of things, but because you've done the history and the examination, you can see if whatever lesion is uncovered by the MRI is the lesion that explains what's going on with the patient. So even today, even with the most modern imaging techniques we have, it is still really important to know what you're looking for. And that's where the oculomotor examination can be very helpful. Dr Jones: I did not have Forrest Gump on my bingo card today, Dr Van Stavern, but that's a really good analogy, right? If you order the MRI, you don't know what you're going to get. And then- and if you don't have a really well-formed question, then sometimes you get misleading information, right?  Dr Van Stavern: Exactly. Dr Jones: We'll get into some technology here in a minute, because I think that's relevant for this discussion. I think most of our listeners are going to agree with us that the exam is important in neuro-ophthalmology, and neurology broadly. So, I think you have some sympathetic listeners there. Again, the point of the exam is to localize and then lead to a diagnosis that we can help patients with. When you think about neurologic disorders where the ocular motor exam helps you get to the right diagnosis, obviously disorders of eye movements, but sometimes it's a clue to a broader neurologic syndrome. And you have some nice discussions in your article about the ocular motor clues to Parkinson disease or to progressive supranuclear palsy. Tell us a little more about that. In your practice, which neurologic disorders do you find the ocular motor exam being most helpful? Dr Van Stavern: Well, just a very brief digression. So, I started off being an ophthalmology resident, and I do two years of ophthalmology and then switch to neurology. And during neurology residency, I was debating which subspecialty to go into, and I realized that neuro-ophthalmology touches every other subspecialty in neurology. And it goes back to the fact that the visual system is so pervasive and widely distributed throughout the brain. So, if you have a neurologic disease, there is a very good chance it is going to affect vision, maybe in a minor way or a major way. That's why careful assessment of the visual system, and particularly the oculomotor system, is really helpful for many neurologic diseases. Neuromuscular disease, obviously, myasthenia gravis and certain myopathies affect the eye movements. Neurodegenerative diseases, in particular Parkinson's disease and parkinsonian conditions, often affect the eye movements. And in particular, when you're trying to differentiate, is this classic Parkinson's disease? Or is this progressive supranuclear palsy? Is it some broad spectrum multisystem atrophy? The differences between the eye movement disorders, even allowing for the fact that there's overlap, can really help point in one direction to the other, and again, prevent unnecessary testing, unnecessary treatment, and so on. Dr Jones: Very good. And I think, to follow on a thread from that concept with patients who have movement disorders, in my practice, seeing older patients who have a little bit of restriction of vertical gaze is not that uncommon. And it's more common in patients who have idiopathic Parkinson disease. And then we use that part of the exam to help us screen patients for other neurodegenerative syndromes like progressive nuclear- supranuclear palsy. So, do you have any tips for our listeners to- how to look at, maybe, vertical gaze and say, this is maybe a normal age-related degree of change. This is something that might suggest idiopathic Parkinson disease. Or maybe something a little more progressive and sinister like progressive super nuclear palsy? Dr Van Stavern: Well, I think part of the issue- and it's harder to do this without the visual aspect. One of my colleagues always likes to say for a neurologist, the eye movement exam begins and ends with the neurology benediction, just doing the sign of the cross and checking the eye movements. And that's a good place to start. But I think it's important to remember that all you're looking at is smooth pursuit and range of eye movements, and there's much more to the oculomotor examination than that. There's other aspects of eye movement. Looking at saccades can be really helpful; in particular, classically, saccadic movements are selectively abnormal in PSP versus Parkinson's with progressive supranuclear palsy. Saccades, which are essentially rapid movements of the eyes---up and down, in this case---are going to be affected in downward gaze. So, the patient is going to have more difficulty initiating downward saccades, slower saccades, and less range of movement of saccades in downgaze. Whereas in Parkinson's, it's classically upward eye movements and upgaze. So, I think that's something you won't be able to see if you're just doing, looking at, you know, your classic, look at your eye movements, which are just assessing, smooth pursuit. Looking carefully at the eye movements during fixation can be helpful. Another aspect of many parkinsonian conditions is saccadic intrusions, where there's quick movements or saccades of the eye that are interrupting fixation. Much, much more common in PSP than in Parkinson's disease. The saccadic intrusions are what we call square-wave jerks because of what they look like. Eye movement recordings are much larger amplitude in PSP and other multisystem atrophy diseases than with Parkinson's. And none of these are perfect differentiators, but the constellation of those findings, a patient with slow downwards saccades, very large amplitude, and frequent saccadic intrusions might point you more towards this being PSP rather than Parkinson's. Dr Jones: That's a great pearl, thinking about the saccades in addition to the smooth pursuit. So, thank you for that. And you mentioned eye movement measurements. I think it's simultaneously impressive and a little scary that my phone can tell when I'm looking at it within a few degrees of visual attention. So, I imagine there are automated tools to analyze eye movement. Tell us, what's the state of the art there, and what should our listeners be aware of in terms of tools that are available and what they can and can't do? Dr Van Stavern: Well, I could tell you, I mean, I see neuro-ophthalmic patients with eye movement disorders every day and we do not have any automated tools for eye movement. We have a ton of imaging techniques for imaging the optic nerve and the retina in different ways, but we don't routinely employ eye movement recording devices. The only time we usually do that is in somebody where we suspect they have a central or peripheral vestibular disease and we send them for vestibular testing, for eye movement recordings. There is interest in using- I know, again, sort of another digression, but if you're looking at the HINTS technique, which is described in the chapter to differentiate central from peripheral disease, which is a very easy, useful way to differentiate central from peripheral or peripheral vestibular disease. And again, in the acute setting, is this a stroke or not a stroke? Is it the brain or is it the inner ear? Part of the problem is that if you're deploying this widespread, the people who are doing it may not be sufficiently good enough at doing the test to differentiate, is a positive or negative test? And that's where some people have started introducing this into the emergency room, these eye movement recording devices, to give the- using, potentially, AI and algorithms to help the emergency room physicians say, all right, this looks like a stroke, we need to admit the patient, get an MRI and so on, versus, this is vestibular neuritis or an inner ear problem, treat them symptomatically, follow up as an outpatient. That has not yet been widely employed. It's a similar way that a lot of institutions are having fundus photography and OCT devices placed in the emergency room to aid the emergency room physician for patients who present with acute vision issues. So, I think that could be the future. It probably would be something that would be AI-assisted or AI-driven. But I can tell you at least at our institution and most of the ones I know of, it is not routinely employed yet. Dr Jones: So maybe on the horizon, AI kind of facilitated tools for eye movement disorder interpretation, but it's not ready for prime time yet. Is that a fair summary? Dr Van Stavern: In my opinion, yes. Dr Jones: Good to know. This has struck me every time I've read about ocular motor anatomy and ocular motor disorders, whether they're supranuclear or intranuclear disorders. The anatomy is complex, the circuitry is very complicated. Which means I learn it and then I forget it and then I relearn it. But some of the anatomy isn't even fully understood yet. This is a very complex real estate in the brainstem. Why do you think the neurophysiology and neuroanatomy is not fully clarified yet? And is there anything on the horizon that might clarify some of this anatomy? Dr Van Stavern: The very first time I encountered this topic as an ophthalmology resident and later as a neurology resident, I just couldn't understand how anyone could really understand all of the circuitry involved. And there is a lot of circuitry that is involved in us simply having clear, single binocular vision with the afferent and efferent system working in concert. Even in arch. In my chapter, when you look at the anatomy and physiology of the smooth pursuit system or the vertical gaze pathways, there's a lot of, I'll admit it, there's a lot of hand waving and we don't completely understand it. I think a lot of it has to do with, in the old days, a lot of the anatomy was based on lesions, you know, lesion this area either experimentally or clinically. And that's how you would determine, this is what this region of the brain is responsible for. Although we've gotten more sophisticated with better imaging, with functional connectivity MRI and so on, all of those have limitations. And that's why I still don't think we completely understand all the way this information is integrated and synthesized, and, to get even more big level and esoteric, how this makes its way into our conscious mind. And that has to do with self-awareness and consciousness, which is a whole other kettle of fish. It's just really complicated. I think when I'm at least talking to other neurologists and residents, I try to keep it as simple as possible from a clinical standpoint. If you see someone with an eye movement problem, try to see if you can localize it to which level you're dealing with. Is it a muscle problem? Is it neuromuscular junction? Is it nerve? Is it nucleus? Is it supranuclear? If you can put it at even one of those two levels, you have eliminated huge territories of neurologic real estate, and that will definitely help you target and tailor your workup. So, again, you're not costing the patient in the healthcare system hundreds of thousands of dollars. Dr Jones: Great points in there. And I think, you know, if we can't get it down to the rostral interstitial nucleus of the medial longitudinal fasciculus, if we can get it to the brainstem, I think that's obviously- that's helpful in its own right. And I imagine, Dr Van Stavern, managing patients with persistent ocular motor disorders is a challenge. We take foveation for granted, right, when we can create these single cortical images. And I imagine it's important for daily function and difficult for patients who lose that ability to maintain their ocular alignment. What are some of the clinical tools that you use in your practice that our listeners should be aware of to help patients that have a persistent supranuclear disorder of ocular movement? Dr Van Stavern: Well, I think you tailor your treatment to the symptoms, and if it's directly due to underlying condition, obviously you treat the underlying condition. If they have sixth nerve palsy because of a skull base tumor, obviously you treat the skull base tumor. But from a practical standpoint, I think it depends on what the symptom is, what's causing it, and how much it's affecting their quality of life. And everyone is really different. Some patients have higher levels of tolerance for blurred vision and double vision. For things- for patients who have double vision, depending upon the underlying cause we can sometimes use prisms and glasses. Prisms are simply- a lot of people just think prism is this, like, mystical word that means a lot. It's simply just an optical device that bends light. So, it essentially bends light to allow the eyes- basically, the image to fall on the fovea in both eyes. And whether the prisms help or not is partly dependent upon how large the misalignment is. If somebody has a large degree of misalignment, you're not going to fix that with prism. The amount of prism you'd need to bend the light enough to land on the fovea in both eyes would cause so much blur and distortion that it would essentially be a glorified patch. So, for small ranges of misalignment, prisms are often very helpful, that we can paste over glasses or grind into glasses. For larger degrees of misalignment that- let's say it is due to some skull base tumor or brain stem lesion that is not going to get better, then eye muscle surgery is a very effective option. We usually like to give people a long enough period of time to make sure there's no change before proceeding with eye muscle surgery. Dr Jones: Very helpful. So, prisms will help to a limited extent with misalignment, and then surgery is always an option if it's persistent. That's a good pearl for, I think, our listeners to take away. Dr Van Stavern: And even in those circumstances, even prisms and eye muscle surgery, the goal is primarily to cause single binocular vision and primary gaze at near. Even in those cases, even with the best results, patients are still going to have double vision, eccentric gaze. For most people, that's not a big issue, but we have had a few patients… I had a couple of patients who were truck drivers who were really bothered by the fact that when they look to the left, let's say because it's a 4th nerve palsy on the right, they have double vision. I had a patient who was a golfer who was really, really unhappy with that. Most people are okay with that, but it all depends upon the individual patient and what they use their vision for. Dr Jones: That's a great point. There's not enough neurologists in the world. I know for a fact there are not enough neuro-ophthalmologists in the world, right? There's just not many people that have that dual expertise. You mentioned that you started with ophthalmology and then did neurology training. What do you think the pipeline looks like for neuro-ophthalmology? Do you see growing interest in this among trainees, or unchanged? What are your thoughts about that? Dr Van Stavern: No, that's a continuing discussion we're having within our own field about how to attract more residents into neuro-ophthalmology. And there's been a huge shift. In the past, this was primarily ophthalmology-driven. Most neuro-ophthalmologists were trained in ophthalmology initially before doing a fellowship. The last twenty years, it switched. Now there's an almost 50/50 division between neurologists and ophthalmologists, as more neurologists have become more interested. This is probably a topic more for the ophthalmology equivalent of Continuum. One of the perceptions is this is not a surgical subspecialty, so a lot of ophthalmology residents are disincentivized to pursue it. So, we have tried to change that. You can do neuro-ophthalmology and do eye muscle surgery or general ophthalmology. I think it really depends upon whether you have exposure to a neuro-ophthalmologist during your neurology residency. If you do not have any exposure to neuro-ophthalmology, this field will always seem mysterious, a huge black box, something intimidating, and something that is not appealing to a neurologist. I and most of my colleagues make sure to include neurology residents in our clinic so they at least have exposure to it. Dr Jones: That's a great point. If you never see it, it's hard to envision yourself in that practice. So, a little bit of a self-fulfilling prophecy. If you don't have neuro-ophthalmologists, it's hard to expose that practice to trainees. Dr Van Stavern: And we're also trying; I mean, we make sure to include medical students, bring them to our meetings, present research to try to get them interested in this field at a very early stage. Dr Jones: Dr Van Stavern, great discussion, very helpful. I want to thank you for joining us today. I want to thank you for not just a great podcast, but also just a wonderful article on ocular motor disorders, supranuclear and intranuclear. I learned a lot, and hopefully our listeners did too. Dr Van Stavern: Well, thanks. I really appreciate doing this. And I love Continuum. I learn something new every time I get another issue. Dr Jones: Well, thanks for reading it. And I'll tell you as the editor of Continuum, I learn a lot reading these articles. So, it's really a joy to get to read, up to the minute, cutting-edge clinical content for neurology. Again, we've been speaking with Dr Gregory Van Stavern, author of a fantastic article on intranuclear and supranuclear disorders of eye movements in Continuum's most recent issue on neuro-ophthalmology. Please check it out, and thank you to our listeners for joining today. Dr Monteith: This is Dr Teshamae Monteith, Associate Editor of Continuum Audio. If you've enjoyed this episode, you'll love the journal, which is full of in-depth and clinically relevant information important for neurology practitioners. Use the link in the episode notes to learn more and subscribe. AAN members, you can get CME for listening to this interview by completing the evaluation at continpub.com/audioCME. Thank you for listening to Continuum Audio.

Scientists, leaders, and patients discuss the intersection of cutting-edge science and real-world impact. They explore the importance of patient perspectives in shaping medical advancements and how collaboration fuels groundbreaking research. Key scientific achievements in areas like regenerative medicine, cancer therapies, and space biology are highlighted. The group emphasizes the need for scientists to engage more with the public—through social media and media appearances—to help people understand and value the life-changing discoveries in science. Featuring: Catriona Jamieson, M.D., Ph.D. UC San Diego Sandra Dillon Patient Advocate Alexander Khalessi, M.D., M.B.A. UC San Diego Jana Stoudemire Celestial Strategy, LLC Alysson Muotri, Ph.D. UC San Diego Rebecca Moores Philanthropist and Patient Advocate Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 40519]

Scientists, leaders, and patients discuss the intersection of cutting-edge science and real-world impact. They explore the importance of patient perspectives in shaping medical advancements and how collaboration fuels groundbreaking research. Key scientific achievements in areas like regenerative medicine, cancer therapies, and space biology are highlighted. The group emphasizes the need for scientists to engage more with the public—through social media and media appearances—to help people understand and value the life-changing discoveries in science. Featuring: Catriona Jamieson, M.D., Ph.D. UC San Diego Sandra Dillon Patient Advocate Alexander Khalessi, M.D., M.B.A. UC San Diego Jana Stoudemire Celestial Strategy, LLC Alysson Muotri, Ph.D. UC San Diego Rebecca Moores Philanthropist and Patient Advocate Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 40519]

Scientists, leaders, and patients discuss the intersection of cutting-edge science and real-world impact. They explore the importance of patient perspectives in shaping medical advancements and how collaboration fuels groundbreaking research. Key scientific achievements in areas like regenerative medicine, cancer therapies, and space biology are highlighted. The group emphasizes the need for scientists to engage more with the public—through social media and media appearances—to help people understand and value the life-changing discoveries in science. Featuring: Catriona Jamieson, M.D., Ph.D. UC San Diego Sandra Dillon Patient Advocate Alexander Khalessi, M.D., M.B.A. UC San Diego Jana Stoudemire Celestial Strategy, LLC Alysson Muotri, Ph.D. UC San Diego Rebecca Moores Philanthropist and Patient Advocate Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 40519]

Scientists, leaders, and patients discuss the intersection of cutting-edge science and real-world impact. They explore the importance of patient perspectives in shaping medical advancements and how collaboration fuels groundbreaking research. Key scientific achievements in areas like regenerative medicine, cancer therapies, and space biology are highlighted. The group emphasizes the need for scientists to engage more with the public—through social media and media appearances—to help people understand and value the life-changing discoveries in science. Featuring: Catriona Jamieson, M.D., Ph.D. UC San Diego Sandra Dillon Patient Advocate Alexander Khalessi, M.D., M.B.A. UC San Diego Jana Stoudemire Celestial Strategy, LLC Alysson Muotri, Ph.D. UC San Diego Rebecca Moores Philanthropist and Patient Advocate Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 40519]

Scientists, leaders, and patients discuss the intersection of cutting-edge science and real-world impact. They explore the importance of patient perspectives in shaping medical advancements and how collaboration fuels groundbreaking research. Key scientific achievements in areas like regenerative medicine, cancer therapies, and space biology are highlighted. The group emphasizes the need for scientists to engage more with the public—through social media and media appearances—to help people understand and value the life-changing discoveries in science. Featuring: Catriona Jamieson, M.D., Ph.D. UC San Diego Sandra Dillon Patient Advocate Alexander Khalessi, M.D., M.B.A. UC San Diego Jana Stoudemire Celestial Strategy, LLC Alysson Muotri, Ph.D. UC San Diego Rebecca Moores Philanthropist and Patient Advocate Series: "Stem Cell Channel" [Health and Medicine] [Science] [Show ID: 40519]

Send us a textThis week on The Less Stressed Life, we're talking about reversing cognitive decline and optimizing brain health with Dr. Heather Sandison, author of Reversing Alzheimer's. As a naturopathic doctor and founder of the first memory recovery residential program, Dr. Sandison shares the six root causes of neurodegeneration—and how you can bring the brain back into balance at any age.We're talking about reversing Alzheimer's and neurodegenerative conditions (although it is so much more). From toxins to stress to nutrition, this empowering episode offers real hope and practical tools for preventing and even reversing memory loss. Whether you're supporting a loved one or thinking ahead for your own brain, this is one conversation you don't want to miss.Dr. Sandison's free Keto Diet Guide can be downloaded at: https://www.drheathersandison.com/In that website people can also watch all her content and read her blogKEY TAKEAWAYS:The six root causes of cognitive decline (and how to assess them)How toxins and stress quietly sabotage brain healthWhat your ApoE4 gene does—and doesn't—mean for your futureSigns of early cognitive decline most people missWhat Dr. Sandison's clinical trial revealed about reversing Alzheimer'sABOUT GUEST:Dr. Heather Sandison is the NYT bestselling author of “Reversing Alzheimer's The New Toolkit to Improve Cognition and Protect Brain Health”. She is a renowned naturopathic doctor specializing in neurocognitive medicine and the founder of Solcere Health Clinic, San Diego's premier brain optimization clinic, and Marama, a residential program turning memory care into memory recovery. She has dedicated her career to supporting those suffering with dementia and is the primary author of peer reviewed research published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. She is excited to shatter common misconceptions about Alzheimer's and share what she has learned about keeping your brain sharp at any age.WHERE TO FIND:Website: https://www.drheathersandison.com/Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/dr.heathersandison/WHERE TO FIND CHRISTA:Website: https://www.christabiegler.com/Instagram: @anti.inflammatory.nutritionistPodcast Instagram: @lessstressedlifeYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@lessstressedlifeSPONSOR:Thanks to Jigsaw Health for sponsoring this episode! Struggling with dry, cracked hands? Try their Alaska Cod Liver Oil for omega-3s + vitamins A & D to support skin and immune health. Use code LESSSTRESSED10 at JigsawHealth.com for 10% off—unlimited use!WORK WITH CHRISTA: I've streamlined my proven method to help you get to the REAL root of eczema and food sensitivities—without the overwhelm. Join the program at christabiegler.com before doors close!

Spinocerebellar ataxia includes a group of rare, genetic, neurodegenerative disorders. People with the condition suffer from the loss of balance, coordination, and muscle control. As the condition progresses, people can lose the ability to walk and speak. There is no approved treatment for SCA, but Biohaven has applied to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to begin marketing its experimental therapy troriluzole, which can normalize levels of glutamate, a key neurotransmitter implicated in the disease. We spoke to Melissa Beiner, senior medical director at Biohaven, about spinocerebellar ataxia, the company's therapy under review at the FDA to treat the condition, and why it may have the potential to benefit a number of other neurological conditions as well.

Join us for this conversation with Dr. Carolyn Dean, a renowned expert in the fields of minerals and nutrients, to discuss their crucial role in mental health. Dr. Dean, the author of The Magnesium Miracle, shares valuable insights on how essential minerals--especially magnesium--play a pivotal role in brain function, mood regulation, and overall mental well-being. Throughout the conversation, she highlights the impact of nutrient deficiencies on mental health conditions like anxiety, depression, ADHD, and stress. The discussion also delves into how bioavailable forms of minerals can enhance absorption and contribute to better mental clarity, emotional balance, and resilience. She offers practical advice for supplementing with these vital nutrients and discusses the importance of maintaining a balanced diet for optimal brain health. If you're interested in improving your mental health through nutrition and supplementation, this episode is packed with actionable tips and expert guidance!Dr. Carolyn Dean! She's a leading expert in integrative health, with over 35 books and publications to her name, including her latest, The Complete Guide to Mental Health. Dr. Dean's expertise goes beyond traditional medicine, focusing on nutrition, stress management, and holistic healing. She's also the founder of RnA ReSet, a company dedicated to creating nutrient-based products for optimal wellness.SHOW NOTES:0:39 Welcome to the show!6:13 Dr. Carolyn Dean's Bio6:39 Welcome her to the podcast!8:08 Renee's definition of mental wellness8:51 Carolyn's experience during Covid10:18 New German Medicine12:23 Addressing sleep problems 13:45 Essentials for mental health14:57 Magnesium & Mitochondria17:30 Neurodegenerative diseases, ATP & Magnesium18:20 Heavy metal toxicity20:39 Food-based vs Synthetic supplements23:19 How to build mental wellness25:14 Hydration essentials29:34 Nano-Pico minerals31:55 Methylation36:08 Co-factors for optimal methylation38:33 Anxiety, OCD & ADHD40:00 Methylation issues & mineral insufficiencies43:04 Non-laxative magnesiums46:25 Children w/ ADHD51:25 Zinc & Copper balancing56:44 RNA Reset59:25 Her final piece of advice1:01:15 Thanks for tuning in!RESOURCES:Websites: DrCarolynDean.comRNAReset Minerals - code: BIOHACKERBABES10Book: Complete Guide to Mental HealthIG: @drcarolyndeanYouTubeOur Sponsors:* Check out Puori: https://puori.com/BIOHACKERBABESSupport this podcast at — https://redcircle.com/biohacker-babes-podcast/donationsAdvertising Inquiries: https://redcircle.com/brands

On this episode of The Manchester Living Podcast, host Brian Levy sits down with Alyce Levy and Dr. Bradley McDaniels for a powerful and inspiring conversation about living with neurodegenerative conditions such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Parkinson's Disease. Alyce opens up about her personal journey with MS—from the onset of symptoms to discovering purpose and building a supportive community. Dr. McDaniels offers expert perspective on the critical role of social connection, mental health, and holistic wellness in navigating life with these conditions.http://www.ManchesterLivingPodcast.com

When we think about improving our health, our brain is often overlooked, but it shouldn't be. Neurodegenerative illnesses are among the leading causes of death globally. Even more pressing, a sick, inflamed, or imbalanced brain can immediately diminish your quality of life. This week, we're joined by a neurologist and author whose work highlights lifestyle interventions that boost brain health. Listen and learn: What the Default Mode Network is and its role in your brain Factors that contribute to migraine and why management might be the key How mindfulness practices can support long term brain health Simple ways to start improving your brain health today LINK www.drsuiwongmd.com ABOUT OUR GUEST Dr. Sui H. Wong is a neurologist and neuro-ophthalmologist based in London, UK. She has authored a number of books including Sweet Spot for Brain Health, Sleep Better to Thrive, and Break Free From Migraines Naturally.  Like the Show? Leave us a review Check out our YouTube channel

Welcome to an episode where we explore the cutting-edge world of photobiomodulation (PBM) and its potential to transform the landscape of neurodegenerative disease treatment. This episode features an in-depth interview with Liam Pingree, CEO of Neuronic, we dive into the science behind PBM and the innovative Neuradiant 1070 device. Building on our discussion from last year, we'll uncover how this non-invasive therapy leverages red and near-infrared light to enhance brain health, with a focus on conditions like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Photobiomodulation, often called low-level laser or red light therapy, is gaining traction as a promising approach to tackle the mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation that drive neurodegenerative diseases. Today, we'll hear from Liam about how the Neuradiant 1070, with its unique 1070 nm wavelength, aims to penetrate deeper into the brain, offering hope for symptom relief and possibly slowing disease progression. We'll also spotlight the contributions of key researchers, including Professor Paul Chazot, whose work on neuroinflammation ties into this field, alongside pioneers like Michael R. Hamblin driving PBM research forward. Join us as we break down the device's features, clinical applications, and real-world user experiences, all while peering into the future of PBM as a potential standard in brain health care. Whether you're a science enthusiast, a caregiver, or someone curious about innovative therapies, this episode offers a compelling look at how light might just shine a new path forward for neurodegenerative challenges. Let's dive in! What You'll Learn in This Episode: The Science of Photobiomodulation (PBM): Understand how PBM uses red and near-infrared light to boost mitochondrial function, reduce inflammation, and promote neurogenesis, with insights into its relevance for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. The Neuradiant 1070 Device: Explore the specifics of this home-use PBM device, including the significance of its 1070 nm wavelength for brain penetration and its quadrant control system for targeted treatment. Key Research Contributions: Learn about the work of leading researchers like Michael R. Hamblin, John Mitrofanis, and Paul Chazot, whose studies on PBM and neuroinflammation are shaping the field. Clinical Applications and Future Vision: Discover how the Neuradiant 1070 is being used for neurodegenerative conditions, supported by emerging clinical trials, and hear Liam Pingree's vision for PBM's role in prevention and treatment by 2027.

Have new breakthroughs been made in treating Parkinson's Disease? Through new therapeutic techniques, promising results have been shown. Listen up to learn: Early parkinsonian symptoms The targets of current research The function of L-Dopa Dr. Anumantha Kanthasamy, the Director of the Center for Brain Science, shares his research and work developing new therapies and detection methods for Parkinson's Disease. Parkinson's Disease and other neurodegenerative diseases have long plagued folks around the globe. Unfortunately, despite the prevalence of these conditions, there has been little progress in treating or reversing the associated symptoms. One of the most promising sites of progress in treating such diseases has been the gut biome. Since the gut biome is one of the most significant influences on the rest of the body, learning how to influence it can help us better regulate the brain. Visit https://vet.uga.edu/person/anumantha-kanthasamy/ to learn more. Episode also available on Apple Podcasts: http://apple.co/30PvU9C Boost Your Brainpower with 15% OFF!  Fuel your mind with BrainSupreme Supplements and unlock your full potential. Get 15% OFF your order now using this exclusive link: brainsupreme.co/discount/findinggenius Hurry—your brain deserves the best!

David Haase, MD, FABFM, DAIOM, IFM-MD, CNS, QIA, joins Integrative Practitioner Content Specialist Avery St. Onge to discuss how Habitat Optimizing Plasma Exchange (HOPE) can modify the progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and dementia. This episode is brought to you by the Integrative Healthcare Symposium. Register for the Symposium and receive 15% off with promo code IP2025PODCAST: https://xpressreg.net/register/ihsy0225/landing.php?sc=IP2025PODCAST Learn more about the event by visiting the Symposium website: www.ihsymposium.com Contact the Integrative Healthcare Symposium team: info@ihsymposium.com Find us at integrativepractitioner.com or e-mail us at IPEditor@divcom.com. Theme music: "Upbeat Party" by Scott Holmes via freemusicarchive.org, "Carefree" by Kevin Mcleod via incompetech.com, and “Relaxing Light Background” by AudioCoffee. About the Expert David Haase, MD is a highly curious physician, holding a medical degree from Vanderbilt University School of Medicine and completing his residency and practice at the esteemed Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minnesota. He also holds a Certification: Qualification in Apheresis (QIA). He is distinguished by double board certification in Family Medicine and Integrative Holistic Medicine and currently serves as Lead Faculty for the Institute for Functional Medicine. Dr. Haase's influence extends globally, having trained over 10,000 physicians worldwide in his innovative approach to Alzheimer's, dementia, and complex chronic illnesses.

OCD, or Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, is a debilitating condition that involves intrusive thoughts and time-consuming, repetitive behaviors. It impacts 80 million worldwide, 2-4% of the US population or 1 in 100 people here in the US.It can be difficult to overstate the suffering caused by OCD, not only for those with this condition but also for their family members. In addition to the distress caused by the obsessional thoughts and compulsions, there can be shame and loss - loss of more meaningful, purposeful, or pleasant thoughts and behaviors. and loss of time connecting with others or engaging in purposeful or enjoyable activities.Other conditions associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder include:* Body dysmorphic disorder* Skin picking* Trichotillomania (hair pulling)* Hoarding* Hypochondria* Olfactory reference syndrome (an irrational feeling or belief that one emits a foul smell and often attempts to remove the odor).It´s not unusual for someone with OCD to have other conditions, such as:* Other forms of anxiety* Depression* ADHD* Autism spectrum disorder* Eating disorders* TourettesResearch suggests that having OCD raises one´s vulnerability to developing dementia. Many other brain conditions, however, also appear to increase this vulnerability similarly.Treatment ChallengesOCD is particularly challenging to treat. Of those with OCD, 60% do not respond to typical therapies (often medication in combination with psychotherapy involving gradual exposure to that which is being avoided). Typical medications include:* SSRI´s (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) -e.g., sertraline, fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, citalopram, paroxetine* Tricyclic antidepressant - clomipramine* SNRI - (Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor) - venlafaxine* Atypical antipsychotic medications are sometimes addedMedication is combined with CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy), which involves exposure and response prevention, or CBT is used alone.As you can see, most medication approaches aim to increase serotonin activity. Serotonin, however, is just one of the neurotransmitters involved. What has become increasingly clear from the research is that OCD involves abnormal activity at the NMDA receptor - a glutamate receptor.NMDA & GlutamateThe NMDA receptor is found throughout the brain. Glutamate, the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, binds to the NMDA receptor. NMDA and glutamate are involved in synaptic plasticity (creating neuronal connections), learning, memory, and motor function.The synapse is the space between communicating neurons. Presynaptic neurons release glutamate, which binds to the NMDA receptor on postsynaptic neurons. This results in a cascade of signaling events that lead to “neuronal excitation.” The problem arises when this receptor has too much (or too little) activity. In the case of OCD, there is too much activity.Implications* Dysregulation at the NMDA receptor appears to play a role in OCD, depression, PTSD, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and substance use disorders.* Weak memory extinction can result from high activity at the NMDA receptor. While memory is a good thing, we can have problems with too much memory - or rather, problems putting our memories aside. This can look like thoughts getting stuck, for example:* Intrusive thoughts in OCD* Flashbacks in PTSD* Delusions in psychotic disorders* Cravings in addiction.* Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and ALS, have also been linked to NMDA receptor malfunction.Methylation & NMDAThose who are undermethylated, especially those with OCD or addictions, have high activity at the NMDA receptor. To remind you, undermethylation is a biochemical process with many functions, including the breakdown of histamine, support of detoxification, and support of serotonin activity. When someone is undermethylated, they can tend to have allergies (from high histamine), be perfectionistic, competitive, strong-willed, have obsessive-compulsive tendencies, be ritualistic, have dietary inflexibility, and have high accomplishment or have family members with high accomplishment. Undermethylation can contribute to the low serotonin activity seen in OCD. Simply addressing undermethylation, like merely addressing serotonin, will only bring partial benefit. To address undermethylation, those of us trained by the Walsh Research Institute, use SAMe and/or methionine, B12, B6, magnesium, and antioxidants. We address this before starting methylation treatment for those with high homocysteine. But how can we also decrease activity at the NMDA receptor?Blocking NMDA & Normalizing Glutamate ActivityEsketamine or Ketamine, which has been getting much attention in recent years, can impact the brain in various ways; however, its primary mechanism is as an NMDA blocker or antagonist. For some, it can serve as a rapid-acting and highly effective antidepressant. It can also decrease OCD symptoms. Other NMDA-blocking drugs include memantine and dextromethorphan (combined with bupropion). Lamotrigine can decrease glutamate release and has been used as an adjunct medication for OCD.Nutrients, however, play an important role in the NMDA receptor. NAC or N-acetyl cysteine is a precursor to glutathione and, thus, an antioxidant. It is also anti-inflammatory and a binder for a particular toxin made by candida and mold. But, it is also a potent NMDA antagonist (decreases activity at NMDA) and has been shown to reduce obsessions and compulsions of OCD. It has also been studied in alcoholism, opiate addiction, cocaine abuse, gambling disorder, shopping disorder, cigarette addiction, and trichotillomania. It has been used by itself and as an adjunct to medication therapy. NAC has become part of the Walsh undermethylation nutrient protocols for those with OCD and/or addiction.Zinc also plays an important role in regulating functioning at the NMDA receptor. The Walsh Research Institute found that 90% of those with brain symptoms had relatively low zinc. Dosing of zinc is determined after testing plasma zinc levels using a narrow range (the Walsh/Pheiffer range differs from typical lab ranges). Zinc is checked in conjunction with copper. Zinc has been found to improve treatment response in those with OCD treated with SSRIs. Zinc can be depleted because of very high oxidative stress and/or high pyrroles, which also cause low B6. Because B6 is needed to make serotonin, pyrroles are also important to address if elevated.Inositol is a nutrient involved in the serotonin and glutamate signaling systems. It, too, is beneficial for OCD symptoms; however, it can require very high doses.The challenge of research, as you can see, is that these approaches are all looked at in isolation, as opposed to, for example, addressing undermethylation, optimizing zinc, decreasing activity at the NMDA and addressing sources of oxidative stress.Candida & MoldAside from undermethylation, low serotonin activity, and high activity at the NMDA receptor, those with OCD appear to have high oxidative stress, as is the case with most brain-related conditions. One of the more common sources of oxidative stress I see in my practice is candida overgrowth in the GI tract, which often follows antibiotic exposure and /or mold toxicity due to water damage causing seen or unseen toxic mold. Because mold and candida (yeast) thrive on sugar and a high-carb diet, symptoms can fluctuate with sugar or carb intake. How might candida and mold intersect with the NMDA receptor? Mold and yeast can contribute to high histamine states. Histamine can increase activity at the NMDA receptor. EstrogenFor women and teen girls that I see with OCD, there is often a fluctuation in their OCD symptoms with their cycle. Typically, their symptoms worsen during the times of the month when estrogen is the highest. This may be because estrogen can increase activity at the NMDA receptor.PANDAS & PANSWhen a child has an abrupt onset of OCD symptoms, PANDAS and PANS should be considered.* PANDAS = Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections* PANS = Pediatric Acute-Onset Neuropsychiatric SyndromePANDAS and PANS are autoimmune conditions, meaning the immune system is acting on the body, in this case, a part of the brain called the basal ganglia, that involves an acute onset of OCD symptoms. Other symptoms can include restricted eating, mood symptoms, regression in academic or social skills, and motor tics. While triggers are often viral, bacterial (strep in the case of PANDAS), candida,or other microbial source, what is underlying the dysregulated immune response to such microbes, in my experience, is mold toxicity. SummaryBecause OCD can be difficult to treat, my hope in sharing this information is to raise awareness that effective OCD treatments can require a multifaceted approach that includes:* addressing methylation (and high pyrroles if present) to improve serotonin activity* decreasing activity at the NMDA receptor* by optimizing zinc* using supplements or medication* addressing sources of inflammation and high histamine* address sources of oxidative stress - trauma, stress, toxins, inflammation If you find this information helpful and would like to help me get this out into the world, please consider sharing:As always, I welcome your comments, questions, and experience.Until next time,CourtneyP.S. To learn more about non-patient consultations, treatment, and monthly mentorship groups, please visit my website at:CourtneySnyderMD.comMedical Disclaimer:This newsletter and podcast episode is for educational purposes and not intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment for yourself or others, including but not limited to patients you are treating (if you are a practitioner). Consult your physician for any medical issues that you may be having. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit courtneysnydermd.substack.com/subscribe

View the Show Notes Page for This Episode Become a Member to Receive Exclusive Content Sign Up to Receive Peter's Weekly Newsletter In this special episode, Peter provides a comprehensive introduction to longevity, perfect for newcomers or those looking to refresh their knowledge. He lays out the foundational concepts of lifespan, healthspan, and the marginal decade. Additionally, Peter discusses the four main causes of death and their prevention, as well as detailing the five key strategies in his longevity toolkit to improve lifespan and healthspan. Detailed show notes provide links for deeper exploration of these topics, making it an ideal starting point for anyone interested in understanding and improving their longevity. We discuss: Key points about starting exercise as an older adult [2:45]; Overview of episode topics and structure [1:45]; How Peter defines longevity [3:45]; Why healthspan is a crucial component of longevity [11:15]; The evolution of medicine from medicine 1.0 to 2.0, and the emergence of medicine 3.0 [15:30]; Overview of atherosclerotic diseases: the 3 pathways of ASCVD, preventative measures, and the impact of metabolic health [26:00]; Cancer: genetic and environmental factors, treatment options, and the importance of early and aggressive screening [33:15]; Neurodegenerative diseases: causes, prevention, and the role of genetics and metabolic health [39:30]; The spectrum of metabolic diseases [43:15]; Why it's never too late to start thinking about longevity [44:15]; The 5 components of the longevity toolkit [46:30]; Peter's framework for exercise—The Centenarian Decathlon [47:45]; Peter's nutritional framework: energy balance, protein intake, and more [58:45]; Sleep: the vital role of sleep in longevity, and how to improve sleep habits [1:08:30]; Drugs and supplements: Peter's framework for thinking about drugs and supplements as tools for enhancing longevity [1:13:30]; Why emotional health is a key component of longevity [1:17:00]; Advice for newcomers on where to start on their longevity journey [1:19:30]; and More. Connect With Peter on Twitter, Instagram, Facebook and YouTube