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In this episode we explore the concept of a longevity mindset. Nick Engerer is on a mission to redefine human longevity not as a distant goal but as a present-day mindset—an approach that requires a shift in thinking. To help us in this quest, Nick has developed a new digital platform, A Longer Life, which includes a free Longevity Mindset course. In this interview he shares his vision for a future where health optimization is available to everyone. We delve into the nuances of living not just longer but better - charting the confluence of science, self-awareness, and the art of aging gracefully.This episode is a co-production with A Longer LifeConnect with Nick and 'A Longer Life' at NickEngerer.orgListen to our earlier interviews with Nick:Biohacking through the lens of longevityBiohacking to optimize healthspanRelatedCan everyone benefit from the race for longevity | Dr. Robert Lufkin & Charles MattocksLongevity's True Meaning | Darshan Shah, founder Next HealthMission to Extend Healthy Lifespan | Alan Graves, CEO DoNotAge - Nick Engerer is an Advisory Board member with DoNotAge DoNotAge.org is offering listeners to the Live Long podcast a 10% discount on its range of products – NAD boosters, Sirtuin activators, senolytics and more. Use the code LLAMA at checkout. Any health queries can be answered by emailing the team at hello@donotage.orgDisclosures/show supportThe Live Long podcast relies on affiliate arrangements to cover research, post production and hosting costs for our audio and video episodes. We have arranged discounts on certain products and receive a small commission on sales. We are also grateful for regular listener support. Any contribution - large or small - is hugely appreciated and helps us in our mission to share information that could help us all live longer and healthier lives. With gratitude. Fit, Healthy & Happy Podcast Welcome to the Fit, Healthy and Happy Podcast hosted by Josh and Kyle from Colossus...Listen on: Apple Podcasts SpotifySupport the showThe Live Long and Master Aging (LLAMA) podcast, a HealthSpan Media LLC production, shares ideas but does not offer medical advice. If you have health concerns of any kind, or you are considering adopting a new diet or exercise regime, you should consult your doctor.
Ready for some myth-busting about metabolism after 50? While many of us blame our slowing metabolism entirely on age, I'm here to share some exciting news: there are powerful, science-backed ways to fire up your metabolism during perimenopause and beyond. In this essential episode, I'm diving deep into the real reasons your metabolism might be struggling (hint: it's not just your age!) and sharing 5 of my favorite game-changing strategies that can help rev up your metabolic engine. From the surprising truth about protein timing to the unexpected power of hydration, I'm breaking down exactly what you need to know to feel energized, strong, and metabolically healthy in your 40s, 50s, and beyond. What you'll learn: The three key components of metabolism and which one you have the most control over Why protein timing matters more than you think (and how to get it right) The unexpected connection between hydration and fat storage How coffee and tea can be powerful allies for your metabolism Simple daily movement strategies that impact your metabolism more than intense exercise The truth about spices and metabolism (plus an easy drink recipe to try) Why muscle mass is crucial for women in perimenopause and beyond Full show notes: https://www.jjvirgin.com/metabolismmyths 7-Day Eat Protein First Challenge: http://jjvirgin.com/proteinfirst Reignite Wellness™ Plant-Based & Paleo-Inspired All-In-One Shakes: https://reignitewellness.com/collections/shakes Reignite Wellness™ Amino Power Powder: https://reignitewellness.com/products/amino-power-powder Reignite Wellness™ SHEatine: https://reignitewellness.com/products/sheatine-capsules Reignite Wellness™ ElectroReplenish: https://reignitewellness.com/products/electroreplenish Download my free Resistance Training Cheat Sheet: https://jjvirgin.com/resistance Suja Lemon Love: https://amzn.to/48TjfS8 Join my “10 Minutes to Win It” 10-Day Exercise Snack Challenge: http://jjvirgin.com/snackchallenge TRX Resistance Training Equipment: Free Shipping on all orders $99+: https://trxtraining.sjv.io/EKrvrP Weighted Vest: https://amzn.to/4aSOVIM Study: The effect of green tea extract on fat oxidation at rest and during exercise: evidence of efficacy and proposed mechanisms: https://consensus.app/papers/effect-extract-oxidation-rest-exercise-evidence-efficacy-hodgson/1e48b57053ce5e47a4cf0c898d98c510/?utm_source=chatgpt Study: Protective Effects of Green Tea in Metabolic Syndrome: https://consensus.app/papers/effects-metabolic-syndrome-basu/2b405f15684954daad2b92cae0c10e76/?utm_source=chatgpt Study: Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate-Rich Green Tea Extract Ameliorates Fatty Liver and Weight Gain in Mice Fed a High Fat Diet by Activating the Sirtuin 1 and AMP Activating Protein Kinase Pathway: https://consensus.app/papers/epigallocatechin3gallaterich-green-extract-bae/4d6542174856510584395fe1c329231e/?utm_source=chatgpt Study: Green tea extract improves endurance capacity and increases muscle lipid oxidation in mice: https://consensus.app/papers/extract-improves-capacity-increases-muscle-oxidation-murase/54089bf23e7553b0836d0f859549f77e/?utm_source=chatgpt Study: Metabolic effects of spices, teas, and caffeine: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0031938406000540?via%3Dihub Episode Sponsors: Try Timeline: https://www.timelinenutrition.com/shop?rfsn=7082975.4b75243 Use code JJ10 for 10% off all products Go to qualialife.com/VIRGINWELLNESS to try Qualia risk-free for up to 100 days and code VIRGINWELLNESS for an additional 15% off
VILPA (Vigorous Intermittent Lifestyle Physical Activity) is a type of physical activity that involves short bouts of strenuous activity. It is opportunistic and integrated into daily life. It can be as simple as taking the stairs instead of the elevator, doing squats, or parking farther away to walk more. This type of activity improves fitness and provides health benefits, including cardiovascular health, weight control, muscle strength, bone health, and mental well-being. In this episode, Marie Murphy, Professor of Exercise and Health at Ulster University, explains the science behind intermittent vigorous movement and how it can help us maintain an active and independent lifestyle as we grow older. Prof. Murphy is also Director of the Physical Activity for Health Research Centre at the University of Edinburgh. Additional details and show notes DISCOUNTSThis site includes affiliate links from which we derive a small commission. This helps support the channel and allows us to continue sharing conversations like this. SiPhox Health - get a 20% discount with code LLAMA Measure 17 critical blood biomarkers from the comfort of your own home. Algae snacks: To get a 20 percent discount on EnergyBits.com products use the code LLAMA at checkoutTime-line Mitopure (a highly pure form of Urolithin A) boosts the health of our mitochondria – the battery packs of our cells – and improves muscle strength. Time-line is offering LLAMA listeners a 10% discount on its range of products – Mitopure powders, softgels & skin creams. Use the code LLAMA at checkout- DoNotAgeDoNotAge.org is offering listeners to LLAMA a 10% discount on its range of products – NAD boosters, Sirtuin activators, senolytics and more. Any health queries can be answered by emailing the team at hello@donotage.orgUse the code LLAMA at checkout. - FlexBeam red light therapyRecharge Health is offering LLAMA listeners a discount on the purchase of FlexBeam, the wearable red light therapy device which targets key parts of the body to improve sleep, treat injuries and sooth aches and pains associated with aging. Discounts vary - see details of the current offer here-Support the showThe Live Long and Master Aging (LLAMA) podcast, a HealthSpan Media LLC production, shares ideas but does not offer medical advice. If you have health concerns of any kind, or you are considering adopting a new diet or exercise regime, you should consult your doctor.
Vegetable oils are sometimes referred to as seed oils because they come from the seeds of plants. The most commonly used include corn, soybean, canola, palm, peanut, safflower, and sunflower oil. They are widely touted as an alternative to butter, but Dr. Cate Shanahan, a physician-scientist, challenges the notion that these oils are a heart-healthy, pro-aging option. Navigating the dietary landscape can be a daunting task, with mixed messages creating widespread confusion. The inclusion of vegetable oils in our diet is a controversial and disputed topic. This interview presents the argument against their use. We will explore alternative views in future episodes. In her latest book, Dark Calories: How Vegetable Oils Destroy Our Health and How We Can Get It Back, Dr. Shanahan identifies what she calls the "Hateful Eight" - oils used in cooking that she says are "the root cause of inflammatory disease" and "sugar cravings for most people". Additional details and show notes DISCOUNTSThis site includes affiliate links from which we derive a small commission, if you click on the product links and use the code LLAMA at checkout. This helps support the channel and allows us to continue sharing conversations like this. LLAMA is available, free of charge, wherever you get your podcasts. Our mission is to explore the science and lifestyle interventions that could help us live longer and better. Thank you for your support.SiPhox Health - get a 20% discount with code LLAMA Measure 17 critical blood biomarkers from the comfort of your own home and integrate data from your wearable devices to track sleep, activity, glucose, and heart rate. Receive a comprehensive health assessment and personalized, AI-driven recommendations for optimal well-being.Algae snacks: TWhat do you think of this episode? Send us a text messageTime-line Mitopure (a highly pure form of Urolithin A) boosts the health of our mitochondria – the battery packs of our cells – and improves muscle strength. Time-line is offering LLAMA listeners a 10% discount on its range of products – Mitopure powders, softgels & skin creams. Use the code LLAMA at checkout- DoNotAgeDoNotAge.org is offering listeners to LLAMA a 10% discount on its range of products – NAD boosters, Sirtuin activators, senolytics and more. Any health queries can be answered by emailing the team at hello@donotage.orgUse the code LLAMA at checkout. - FlexBeam red light therapyRecharge Health is offering LLAMA listeners a discount on the purchase of FlexBeam, the wearable red light therapy device which targets key parts of the body to improve sleep, treat injuries and sooth aches and pains associated with aging. Discounts vary - see details of the current offer here-Support the Show.The Live Long and Master Aging (LLAMA) podcast, a HealthSpan Media LLC production, shares ideas but does not offer medical advice. If you have health concerns of any kind, or you are considering adopting a new diet or exercise regime, you should consult your doctor.
The power of innovative storytelling to better understand human longevity has been harnessed by a unique community known as JellyfishDAO. The group - made up of filmmakers, life extension professionals, and blockchain experts - aims to accelerate the acceptance and understanding of aging science through compelling media projects. In this Live Long interview we unpack how JellyfishDAO is pioneering a future where stories and science work hand in hand to extend human healthspan and longevity.Daniel Sollinger, a veteran filmmaker, and Keith Comito, a computer programmer and president of lifespan.io discuss the role of decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs) and blockchain technology in promoting longevity research and shaping public opinion. Additional show notes & transcriptDISCOUNTSThis site includes affiliate links from which we derive a small commission, if you click on the product links and use the code LLAMA at checkout. This helps support the channel and allows us to continue sharing conversations like this. LLAMA is available, free of charge, wherever you get your podcasts. Our mission is to explore the science and lifestyle interventions that could help us live longer and better. Thank you for your support.SiPhox Health - get a 20% discount with code LLAMA Measure 17 critical blood biomarkers from the comfort of your own home and integrate data from your wearable devices to track sleep, activity, glucose, and heart rate. Receive a comprehensive health assessment and personalized, AI-driven recommendations for optimal well-being.Algae snacks: To get a 20 percent discount on EnergyBits.com products use the code LLAMA at checkoutWhat do you think of this episode? Send us a text messageDoNotAgeDoNotAge.org is offering listeners to LLAMA a 10% discount on its range of products – NAD boosters, Sirtuin activators, senolytics and more. Any health queries can be answered by emailing the team at hello@donotage.orgUse the code LLAMA at checkout. - FlexBeam red light therapyRecharge Health is offering LLAMA listeners a discount on the purchase of FlexBeam, the wearable red light therapy device which targets key parts of the body to improve sleep, treat injuries and sooth aches and pains associated with aging. Discounts vary - see details of the current offer here-Tune in to the Patient Advocacy Voices Podcast todayJoin Sanofi's Eric Racine to meet the unsung heroes leading patient advocacy organizationsListen on: Apple Podcasts SpotifySupport the Show.The Live Long and Master Aging (LLAMA) podcast, a HealthSpan Media LLC production, shares ideas but does not offer medical advice. If you have health concerns of any kind, or you are considering adopting a new diet or exercise regime, you should consult your doctor.
Do we all have equal access to the benefits of longevity science? Undoubtedly not, although many of the proven interventions are more accessible than some people realize. "The metabolic benefits of appropriate nutrition, appropriate sleep, appropriate exercise, and also stress and a sense of purpose can outweigh even the very expensive interventions," says Dr. Robert Lufkin, one of the longevity experts featured in a new documentary series exploring ways we can live longer and better. Lufkin, the author of Lies I Taught in Medical School: How Conventional Medicine Is Making You Sicker and What You Can Do to Save Your Own Life, adds: "these are accessible to everyone and something we can all start doing now," with "proven effects on our longevity." The democratization of health care is at the core of Reversed: The Race for Longevity, which dives into the science and personal stories behind extending healthspan. Hosted by Nick Engerer the series aims to make longevity accessible to all - not just the wealthy. It explores the role of lifestyle choices—such as diet, exercise, and stress management—in combating chronic diseases and highlights the potential of new technologies in pushing the boundaries of human longevity. For this Live Long podcast interview, Peter Bowes is joined by Dr.Lufkin and the series director - and health advocate - Charles Mattocks. DISCOUNTSThis site includes affiliate links from which we derive a small commission, if you click on the product links and use the code LLAMA at checkout. This helps support the channel and allows us to continue sharing conversations like this. LLAMA is available, free of charge, wherever you get your podcasts. Our mission is to explore the science and lifestyle interventions that could help us live longer and better. Thank you for your support.SiPhox Health - get a 20% discount with code LLAMA Measure 17 critical blood biomarkers from the comfort of your own home and integrate data from your wearable devices to track sleep, activity, glucose, and heart rate. Receive a comprehensive health assessment and personalized, AI-driven recommendations for optimal well-being.Algae snacks: To get a 20 percent discount on EnergyBits.com products use the code LLAMA at checkoutWhat do you think of this episode? Send us a text messageDoNotAgeDoNotAge.org is offering listeners to LLAMA a 10% discount on its range of products – NAD boosters, Sirtuin activators, senolytics and more. Any health queries can be answered by emailing the team at hello@donotage.orgUse the code LLAMA at checkout. - FlexBeam red light therapyRecharge Health is offering LLAMA listeners a discount on the purchase of FlexBeam, the wearable red light therapy device which targets key parts of the body to improve sleep, treat injuries and sooth aches and pains associated with aging. Discounts vary - see details of the current offer here-Support the Show.The Live Long and Master Aging (LLAMA) podcast, a HealthSpan Media LLC production, shares ideas but does not offer medical advice. If you have health concerns of any kind, or you are considering adopting a new diet or exercise regime, you should consult your doctor.
DIY blood testing is growing in popularity. At-home testing kits make it easy to collect our own samples and receive lab results online. But could we be over-testing – just because we can? Michael Dubrovsky is the co-founder of SiPhox Health, a home blood testing system that claims its results are as accurate as traditional methods. What is SiPhox Health?It is a home blood testing that can measure 17 biomarkers with just a few drops of blood. This system allows people to mail their blood samples to a lab for analysis, offering a convenient alternative to traditional blood tests performed at a doctor's office.In this interview Dubrovsky outlines his goal of democratizing health data - by making such tests more affordable - and explains how frequent biomarker monitoring could help detect serious health conditions early. ▸ Read additional show-notes DISCOUNTSTry at-home blood testing for yourself:▸ SiPhox Health - get a 20% discount with code LLAMA This site includes affiliate links from which we derive a small commission, if you click on the product links and use the code LLAMA at checkout. This helps support the channel and allows us to continue sharing conversations like this. LLAMA is available, free of charge, wherever you get your podcasts. Our mission is to explore the science and lifestyle interventions that could help us live longer and better. Thank you for your support.▸ Algae snacks: To get a 20 percent discount on EnergyBits.com products use the code LLAMA at checkoutWhat do you think of this episode? Send us a text messageDoNotAgeDoNotAge.org is offering listeners to LLAMA a 10% discount on its range of products – NAD boosters, Sirtuin activators, senolytics and more. Any health queries can be answered by emailing the team at hello@donotage.orgUse the code LLAMA at checkout. - FlexBeam red light therapyRecharge Health is offering LLAMA listeners a discount on the purchase of FlexBeam, the wearable red light therapy device which targets key parts of the body to improve sleep, treat injuries and sooth aches and pains associated with aging. Discounts vary - see details of the current offer here-Support the Show.The Live Long and Master Aging (LLAMA) podcast, a HealthSpan Media LLC production, shares ideas but does not offer medical advice. If you have health concerns of any kind, or you are considering adopting a new diet or exercise regime, you should consult your doctor.
References Circ Res. 2018 Sep 14; 123(7): 868–885 Ungurianu, A., Manuela Drăgoi, C.,Crenguța,Nicolae, A., Dumitrescu,I.-B., Grădinaru, D.,& Margină, D.2024. IntechOpen. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.1003914 Blood Cancer J. 2024 Dec; 14(1): 24 --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/dr-daniel-j-guerra/support
Retail wellness companies are becoming a more familiar sight on the high street, whether it's for an infrared sauna, red light therapy, hyperbaric oxygen, cryotherapy or intravenous drip, there's a lot of choice. It feels good at the time. You might leave with a healthy glow, but how many of these practices actually change our health outcomes? Indeed, are they designed to do that? Are they really good for us?“We want people to do more of what they love because I assure you, the more you do the things you love when you're younger and later in life, the better your health span is going to be,” says Steve Welch, co-founder of Restore Hyper Wellness. Steve's new book, written with coauthor Jim Donnelly, is Restore: The Life Changing Power of Right Away Wellness. In this interview we ask what it means to be hyper well?▸ Read additional show-notes DISCOUNTSThis site includes affiliate links from which we derive a small commission, if you click on the product links and use the code LLAMA at checkout. This helps support the channel and allows us to continue sharing conversations like this. LLAMA is available, free of charge, wherever you get your podcasts. Our mission is to explore the science and lifestyle interventions that could help us live longer and better. Thank you for your support.▸ Algae snacks? To get a 20 percent discount on EnergyBits.com products use the code LLAMA at checkoutWhat do you think of this episode? Send us a text messageDoNotAgeDoNotAge.org is offering listeners to LLAMA a 10% discount on its range of products – NAD boosters, Sirtuin activators, senolytics and more. Any health queries can be answered by emailing the team at hello@donotage.orgUse the code LLAMA at checkout. - FlexBeam red light therapyRecharge Health is offering LLAMA listeners a discount on the purchase of FlexBeam, the wearable red light therapy device which targets key parts of the body to improve sleep, treat injuries and sooth aches and pains associated with aging. Discounts vary - see details of the current offer here-Fit, Healthy & Happy Podcast Welcome to the Fit, Healthy and Happy Podcast hosted by Josh and Kyle from Colossus...Listen on: Apple Podcasts SpotifySupport the Show.The Live Long and Master Aging (LLAMA) podcast, a HealthSpan Media LLC production, shares ideas but does not offer medical advice. If you have health concerns of any kind, or you are considering adopting a new diet or exercise regime, you should consult your doctor.
Memory loss is often cited as one of the most worrying aspects of growing older. But what if the section of the brain that's responsible for memory could be stimulated by simply sniffing a few pleasant odors? There is extensive research pointing to a relationship between exposure to different smells and memory improvement. A clinical trial led by Prof. Michael Leon at the Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, suggests the loss of olfaction can cause the memory parts of the brain to deteriorate, while adding more smell experiences can improve memory. The research also explores the use of environmental enrichment, as it's known, to treat neurological disorders like autism. Prof. Leon's team used diffusers to release various essential oils while participants slept, leading to improved memory and sleep. The results suggest that exposure to smells like orange and lemon significantly improves memory in older adults, with some experiencing a 226% increase.Researchers have developed a device called Memory Air that automatically emits odors while individuals sleep, providing the brain with the necessary stimulation. In this interview we discuss the evidence and explore why such an approach could be valuable not only in improving memory but overall well-being.▸ Read a transcript of this conversation + additional show-notes DISCOUNTSThis site includes affiliate links from which we derive a small commission, if you click on the product links and use the code LLAMA at checkout. This helps support the channel and allows us to continue sharing conversations like this. LLAMA is available, free of charge, wherever you get your podcasts. Our mission is to explore the science and lifestyle interventions that could help us live longer and better. Thank you for your support.▸ Algae snacks? To get a 20 percent discount on EnergyBits.com products use the code LLAMA at checkoutDoNotAgeDoNotAge.org is offering listeners to LLAMA a 10% discount on its range of products – NAD boosters, Sirtuin activators, senolytics and more. Any health queries can be answered by emailing the team at hello@donotage.orgUse the code LLAMA at checkout. - FlexBeam red light therapyRecharge Health is offering LLAMA listeners a discount on the purchase of FlexBeam, the wearable red light therapy device which targets key parts of the body to improve sleep, treat injuries and sooth aches and pains associated with aging. Discounts vary - see details of the current offer here-Fit, Healthy & Happy Podcast Welcome to the Fit, Healthy and Happy Podcast hosted by Josh and Kyle from Colossus...Listen on: Apple Podcasts SpotifySupport the Show.The Live Long and Master Aging (LLAMA) podcast, a HealthSpan Media LLC production, shares ideas but does not offer medical advice. If you have health concerns of any kind, or you are considering adopting a new diet or exercise regime, you should consult your doctor.
Maddy Dychtwald has been unraveling the mysteries of aging for decades. Before biohacking was a thing and the recent surge in interest in age-reversal science, she and her husband launched a mission to address longevity as a new frontier. Through her work with Age Wave, the company they founded, the writer and renowned thought-leader has curated the best advice from the some of the world's leading experts. Now she is sharing her wisdom with a science-based guide to growing old with good health, vitality and optimism. In Ageless Aging: A Woman's Guide to Increasing Healthspan, Brainspan, and Lifespan, Maddy presents a critical assessment of how the medical and wellness industries have historically overlooked women in research and product development. She explores the democratization of longevity hacks which, contrary to popular belief, do not necessitate considerable financial investment but are accessible through simple, everyday choices like diet, physical movement, and social engagement.Read: Ageless Aging: A Woman's Guide to Increasing Healthspan, Brainspan, and LifespanDISCOUNTSThis site includes affiliate links from which we derive a small commission, if you click on the product links and use the code LLAMA at checkout. This helps support the channel and allows us to continue sharing conversations like this. LLAMA is available, free of charge, wherever you get your podcasts. Our mission is to explore the science and lifestyle interventions that could help us live longer and better. Thank you for your support.▸ Algae snacks? To get a 20 percent discount on EnergyBits.com products use the code LLAMA at checkout▸ Read a transcript of this conversation and additional show-notes at http://www.llamapodcast.com/Maddy-DychtwaldDoNotAgeDoNotAge.org is offering listeners to LLAMA a 10% discount on its range of products – NAD boosters, Sirtuin activators, senolytics and more. Any health queries can be answered by emailing the team at hello@donotage.orgUse the code LLAMA at checkout. - FlexBeam red light therapyRecharge Health is offering LLAMA listeners a discount on the purchase of FlexBeam, the wearable red light therapy device which targets key parts of the body to improve sleep, treat injuries and sooth aches and pains associated with aging. Discounts vary - see details of the current offer here-Fit, Healthy & Happy Podcast Welcome to the Fit, Healthy and Happy Podcast hosted by Josh and Kyle from Colossus...Listen on: Apple Podcasts SpotifySupport the Show.The Live Long and Master Aging (LLAMA) podcast, a HealthSpan Media LLC production, shares ideas but does not offer medical advice. If you have health concerns of any kind, or you are considering adopting a new diet or exercise regime, you should consult your doctor.
Could the regular consumption of algae help us age better and live healthier lives? Catherine Arnston, founder and CEO of EnergyBits, is on a mission to introduce algae to everyday diets for health and longevity. Touted for its potent healing and nourishing properties, algae, particularly spirulina and chlorella, have garnered support from organizations like the United Nations and NASA for their dense nutritional profiles and potential in combating world hunger. In this interview with Peter Bowes, Arnston focusses on the apparent benefits for mitochondrial health — a key factor in energy production and aging. Highlighting the ease of incorporating algae into daily routines through tablets, she believes it to be a simple yet effective tool to extend healthspan - the number of years that we enjoy the best of health. Photos courtesy: EnergyBitsDISCOUNTS▸ Try algae for yourself? To get a 20 percent discount on EnergyBits.com products use the code LLAMA at checkout▸ Read a transcript of this conversation and additional show-notes at http://www.llamapodcast.com/Catharine-Arnston-2Eating algae to age betterLISTEN to our 2022 interview with Catharine Arnston▸ DISCLAIMER: This site includes affiliate links from which we derive a small commission, if you click on the product links and use the code LLAMA at checkout. This helps support the channel and allows us to continue sharing conversations like this. LLAMA is available, free of charge, wherever you get your podcasts. Our mission is to explore the science and lifestyle interventions that could help us live longer and better. Thank you fDoNotAgeDoNotAge.org is offering listeners to LLAMA a 10% discount on its range of products – NAD boosters, Sirtuin activators, senolytics and more. Any health queries can be answered by emailing the team at hello@donotage.orgUse the code LLAMA at checkout. - FlexBeam red light therapyRecharge Health is offering LLAMA listeners a discount on the purchase of FlexBeam, the wearable red light therapy device which targets key parts of the body to improve sleep, treat injuries and sooth aches and pains associated with aging. Discounts vary - see details of the current offer here-Fit, Healthy & Happy Podcast Welcome to the Fit, Healthy and Happy Podcast hosted by Josh and Kyle from Colossus...Listen on: Apple Podcasts SpotifySupport the showThe Live Long and Master Aging (LLAMA) podcast, a HealthSpan Media LLC production, shares ideas but does not offer medical advice. If you have health concerns of any kind, or you are considering adopting a new diet or exercise regime, you should consult your doctor.
Brandy Gillmore went from being wheelchair-bound, on morphine, and given no hope by doctors, to a full recovery and an active life. It is a remarkable turnaround in fortunes - following two serious accidents and years of searching for a solution. Now, the former network engineer is telling her story in a new book, Master Your Mind and Energy to Heal Your Body. Gillmore offers compelling evidence on the impact of an optimistic mindset and demonstrates the potential of the mind to overcome physical limitations and chronic pain. In this interview we dissect the placebo, a sham medical treatment that sometimes results in patients feeling better, even though they have not received a drug or form of treatment that is known to induce healing. It was a deep dive into the placebo effect that launched Gillmore's journey to recovery and led her to challenge the boundaries of traditional medicine. She now helps others facing similar health struggles.Photos: Courtesy, Brandy GillmoreTopics include: Searching for Solutions: Despite her prognosis, Gillmore continued to explore alternative methods, seeking further opinions and alternative treatments, including a clinical trial which ultimately fell through. Placebo Effect: The placebo effect intrigued Gillmore because it highlighted the potential of fake treatments to induce real healing responses. Mind-Body Connection: How stress can manifest as physical ailments. Healing Journey: How the feeling of optimism can speed up healing. Addressing Skepticism: Doubts about mind-body healing. Current Work: Helping others to leverage their mind to promote healing.Sleep and Mindset: The correlation between mindset and sleep quality — an important factor in overall longevity health. Read a transcript: LLAMA podcast website-Affiliation disclosure: This podcast receives a small commission when you use the code LLAMA for purchases from companies below which support our mission. It helps to cover production costs and ensures that our interviews, sharing information about human longevity, remain free for all to listen. -▸ Movement & resistance training have long been associated with living a long, healthy life - along with a balanced diet and good sleep. Which is why we're delighted to be working with DoNotAgeDoNotAge.org is offering listeners to LLAMA a 10% discount on its range of products – NAD boosters, Sirtuin activators, senolytics and more. Any health queries can be answered by emailing the team at hello@donotage.orgUse the code LLAMA at checkout. - FlexBeam red light therapyRecharge Health is offering LLAMA listeners a discount on the purchase of FlexBeam, the wearable red light therapy device which targets key parts of the body to improve sleep, treat injuries and sooth aches and pains associated with aging. Discounts vary - see details of the current offer here-Support the showThe Live Long and Master Aging (LLAMA) podcast, a HealthSpan Media LLC production, shares ideas but does not offer medical advice. If you have health concerns of any kind, or you are considering adopting a new diet or exercise regime, you should consult your doctor.
Another day. Another year. Another decade. "Give me some longevity," says fitness coach and author, Nate Wilkins. The 70-year-old functional aging specialist is the co-founder of Ageless Workout, a Miami-based health, healing and wellness company that seeks to bridge the gap between fitness and medicine. At the recent Livelong summit in Palm Beach, Florida, he and host Peter Bowes discussed the shift in mindset during the pandemic towards valuing optimal fitness and the foundational pillars of good health: exercise, diet, and sleep. Nate believes in personalized exercise programs that meet people where they are and advocates for resistance training to combat frailty in older adults. He focuses on promoting positive aging, mental health and longevity.Read a transcript: LLAMA podcast website---Related episode (199):Living an ageless lifestyle, with Nate Wilkins-Affiliation disclosure: This podcast receives a small commission when you use the code LLAMA for purchases from companies below which support our mission. It helps to cover production costs and ensures that our interviews, sharing information about human longevity, remain free for all to listen. -▸ Movement & resistance training have long been associated with living a long, healthy life - along with a balanced diet and good sleep. Which is why we're delighted to be working with Hampton Fitness to provide a 15% discount on essential workout gear. Use code: llamapodcast15 at checkout-DoNotAgeDoNotAge.org is offering listeners to LLAMA a 10% discount on its range of products – NAD boosters, Sirtuin activators, senolytics and more. Any health queries can be answered by emailing the team at hello@donotage.orgUse the code LLAMA at checkout. - FlexBeam red light therapyRecharge Health is offering LLAMA listeners a discount on the purchase of FlexBeam, the wearable red light therapy device which targets key parts of the body to improve sleep, treat injuries and sooth aches and pains associated with aging. Discounts vary - see details of the current offer here-Support the showThe Live Long and Master Aging (LLAMA) podcast, a HealthSpan Media LLC production, shares ideas but does not offer medical advice. If you have health concerns of any kind, or you are considering adopting a new diet or exercise regime, you should consult your doctor.
On today's Upgrade Spotlight episode, we're talking all about NAD+. In the biohacking world, everyone and their mother has heard of NMN and NAD+, but there's more to it than meets the eye. To get into the nitty gritty of NAD+, we're joined by Dr. Gregory Kelly, a naturopathic physician and the lead product formulator at Neurohacker Collective, also known as Qualia. I'm an advisor to the company, and they do fantastic and innovative work in the longevity space. Their NAD+ supplement is a quantum leap in biohacking and a no-brainer to add to your stack. In today's episode, Dr. Kelly explains what NAD is and why it's essential for longevity, cognition, energy levels, and athletic performance. We talk about the differences between NR, NMN, and Niacinamide. We also explore the most efficient way to get NAD. Is an IV worth the money or will supplements give you more bang for your buck? Plus, Dr. Kelly breaks down exactly what's included—and not included—in the Qualia NAD+ formula. I've been a major proponent of NAD for more than 10 years, but I don't like to spend all my time and money getting it. If you feel the same, you're going to want to tune into this episode. (00:01:55) What Is NAD & Why Do We Care?(00:06:19) The Most Efficient Way To Get NAD(00:09:55) Sirtuin's Superpowers (00:14:42) The Qualia NAD+ Formula (00:22:37) The Buzz on Coffee Berry (00:25:53) When Is the Best Time To Take NAD+? (00:30:01) NAD+ in Clinical Trials (00:34:16) What's NOT in the Qualia Supplement (00:38:02) A Quantum Leap for Biohacking Episode SponsorNeurohacker | Boost YOUR NAD+ up to 50%* + GET 50% OFF go to neurohacker.com/DAVENAD.ResourcesDave Asprey's NEW Book ‘Smarter Not Harder' is out now: https://daveasprey.com/books Visit neurohacker.com/davenad to save 50% on Qualia NAD+ by Neurohacker Neurohacker Collective: neurohacker.comNeurohacker Collective Instagram: @neurohacker Linkedin: Gregory Kelly The Human Upgrade is produced by Crate Media.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
Deborah Maragopoulos, a nurse practitioner and self-described intuitive healer, believes health and longevity starts with the hypothalamus region of the brain. In her book, the Hypothalamus Handbook, she bridges the gap between traditional medicine and complementary therapies, revealing how a blend of botanicals, nutraceuticals, and intuition not only works alongside evidence-based medicine but can profoundly impact our health. Deborah, a past president of the California Association of Nurse Practitioners, is the founder of Genesis Health Products, Inc. and creator of the nutraceutical supplement, Genesis Gold®. In this interview, we travel through the body's complex systems, controlled by the hypothalamus, and explore the role this part of the brain plays in every day health and wellbeing.Deborah discusses the power of targeted nutrients and her own botanical formulations, for rebalancing our body's systems. She recounts patient stories, emphasizing the importance of early detection of hypothalamic imbalances that could be the key to longevity and a 'harmonious life.' Check out Genesis Health products, hereWatch the interview at YouTubeFit, Healthy & Happy Podcast Welcome to the Fit, Healthy and Happy Podcast hosted by Josh and Kyle from Colossus...Listen on: Apple Podcasts SpotifyDoNotAgeDoNotAge.org is offering listeners to LLAMA a 10% discount on its range of products – NAD boosters, Sirtuin activators, senolytics and more. Any health queries can be answered by emailing the team at hello@donotage.orgUse the code LLAMA at checkout. - FlexBeam red light therapyRecharge Health is offering LLAMA listeners a discount on the purchase of FlexBeam, the wearable red light therapy device which targets key parts of the body to improve sleep, treat injuries and sooth aches and pains associated with aging. Discounts vary - see details of the current offer hereSupport the showThe Live Long and Master Aging (LLAMA) podcast, a HealthSpan Media LLC production, shares ideas but does not offer medical advice. If you have health concerns of any kind, or you are considering adopting a new diet or exercise regime, you should consult your doctor.
BUFFALO, NY- December 19, 2023 – A new #research paper was #published in Aging (listed by MEDLINE/PubMed as "Aging (Albany NY)" and "Aging-US" by Web of Science) Volume 15, Issue 23, entitled, “Sirtuin 6 activation rescues the age-related decline in DNA damage repair in primary human chondrocytes.” While advanced age is widely recognized as the greatest risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA), the biological mechanisms behind this connection remain unclear. Previous work has demonstrated that chondrocytes from older cadaveric donors have elevated levels of DNA damage as compared to chondrocytes from younger donors. In this new study, researchers Michaela E. Copp, Jacqueline Shine, Hannon L. Brown, Kirti R. Nimmala, Oliver B. Hansen, Susan Chubinskaya, John A. Collins, Richard F. Loeser, and Brian O. Diekman from University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina State University, Rush University Medical Center, and Thomas Jefferson University aimed to determine whether a decline in DNA repair efficiency is one explanation for the accumulation of DNA damage with age, and to quantify the improvement in repair with activation of Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6). “In this study, we use irradiation as an acute model of DNA damage to bring the level of damage to equivalent levels across chondrocytes from donors of various ages.” After acute damage with irradiation, DNA repair was shown to be more efficient in chondrocytes from young (≤45 years old) as compared to middle-aged (50–65 years old) or older (>70 years old) cadaveric donors. Activation of SIRT6 with MDL-800 improved the repair efficiency, while inhibition with EX-527 reduced the rate of repair and increased the percentage of cells that retain high levels of damage. In addition to affecting repair after acute damage, treating chondrocytes from older donors with MDL-800 for 48 hours significantly reduced the amount of baseline DNA damage. Chondrocytes isolated from the knees of mice between 4 months and 22 months of age revealed both an increase in DNA damage with aging, and a decrease in DNA damage following MDL-800 treatment. Lastly, treating murine cartilage explants with MDL-800 lowered the percentage of chondrocytes with high p16 promoter activity, which supports the concept that using SIRT6 activation to maintain low levels of DNA damage may prevent the initiation of senescence. “In conclusion, the findings presented here support the hypothesis that the efficiency of DNA damage repair declines with age in chondrocytes and that SIRT6 activation improves repair both in response to an acute irradiation challenge and in the context of age-related damage accumulation. These results emphasize the critical role of SIRT6 in DNA repair and support further studies investigating the use of MDL-800 (or alternative SIRT6 activators) in mitigating senescence induction and ameliorating OA development.” DOI - https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.205394 Corresponding author - Brian O. Diekman - bdiekman@email.unc.edu About Aging-US Launched in 2009, Aging-US publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging-US go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways. Please visit https://www.Aging-US.com and connect with us: SoundCloud - https://soundcloud.com/Aging-Us Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/ X - https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/ YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/@AgingJournal LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/ Pinterest - https://www.pinterest.com/AgingUS/ MEDIA@IMPACTJOURNALS.COM
Here Professor Gorbunova about the naked mole rat and bowhead whale and what adaptions they have to enable them to live longer. From this she discusses how these adaptions might be translated into interventions for humans. Dr Vera Gorbunova is a biologist. As the Doris Johns Cherry Professor at the University of Rochester, she identified high molecular weight hyaluronan as the key mediator of cancer resistance in the naked mole rat
Here Professor Gorbunova talks about hyaluronic acid, what it is and why it is different in naked mole rats. She also talks about a trial that she performed where the gene for HA was placed in mice. Finally we talk about how this could be translated into clinical usage. Dr Vera Gorbunova is a biologist. As the Doris Johns Cherry Professor at the University of Rochester, she identified high molecular weight hyaluronan as the key mediator of cancer resistance in the naked mole rat
Here Professor Gorbunova talks about the two functions of SIRT6, deacetylation and ribosylation, the importance of them and how they can be activated. She also touches on chromatin remodeling and Yamanaka factors. Dr Vera Gorbunova is a biologist. As the Doris Johns Cherry Professor at the University of Rochester, she identified high molecular weight hyaluronan as the key mediator of cancer resistance in the naked mole rat
Here Professor Gorbunova talks about the key activities of SIRT6 that are involved with longevity, particularly DNA repair and the suppression of transposons. Dr Vera Gorbunova is a biologist. As the Doris Johns Cherry Professor at the University of Rochester, she identified high molecular weight hyaluronan as the key mediator of cancer resistance in the naked mole rat
Peter Allison and Peter Bowes – school friends 50 years ago, now contemplating the next chapter in life - return with another conversation about the latest science that could help us achieve a longer healthspan.In this episode we discuss:Are our longevity goals too perfectionistic? We reflect on an earlier LLAMA podcast interview with Dr. Thomas CurranA National Institutes of Health study, published Oct 13, 2023 in Aging Cell, suggests even a small reduction (12%) in daily calories is beneficial for wellness. Do you have what it takes to live to 100? An article in The Wall Street Journal by Alex Janin suggests, "It's Not Good Habits; Good genes matter more the older you get." How does that impact our attitude towards exercise and other lifestyle hacks to try to optimize healthspan? Read a transcript: LLAMA podcast website-Affiliation disclosure: This podcast receives a small commission when you use the code LLAMA for purchases from companies below which support our mission. It helps to cover production costs and ensures that our interviews, sharing information about human longevity, remain free for all to listen. -DoNotAgeDoNotAge.org is offering listeners to LLAMA a 10% discount on its range of products – NAD boosters, Sirtuin activators, senolytics and more. Any health queries can be answered by emailing the team at hello@donotage.orgUse the code LLAMA at checkout. - FlexBeam red light therapyRecharge Health is offering LLAMA listeners a discount on the purchase of FlexBeam, the wearable red light therapy device which targets key parts of the body to improve sleep, treat injuries and sooth aches and pains associated with aging. Discounts vary - see details of the current offer here Time-line Mitopure (a highly pure form of Urolithin A) boosts the health of our mitochondria – the battery packs of our cells – and improves muscle strength. Time-line is offering LLAMA listeners a 10% discount on its range of products – Mitopure powders, softgels & skin creams. Use the code LLAMA at checkout-Support the showThe Live Long and Master Aging (LLAMA) podcast, a HealthSpan Media LLC production, shares ideas but does not offer medical advice. If you have health concerns of any kind, or you are considering adopting a new diet or exercise regime, you should consult your doctor.
The art of controlled breathing is a powerful tool in the quest to live a longer, healthier life. There is evidence that breath work can help us improve sleep, control physical and mental stress, boost our metabolism and fuel the immune system. Phil Simha is the resident breathing coach at Clinique La Prairie (CLP), the Swiss medical spa that specializes in treatments that nurture our longevity. An experienced free diving instructor and teacher of yoga and pranayama (the practice of breath regulation), Phil believes slower breathing can help us live better while nurturing our healthspan.Peter Bowes met Phil in his studio at CLP to learn more about his passion for improving peoples' health; his love of life and the planet and the free spirit that propels his journey of discovery around the world.This episode is brought to you in association with Clinique La Prairie with whom we share a common goal of helping people pursue a long healthspan. The pioneering health and wellness destination, nestled on the shores of Lake Geneva in Montreux, Switzerland, combines preventative medicine with bespoke lifestyle and nutrition plans, and offers a holistic approach to living fuller, healthier, and longer lives.-Photo: ©Franck Seguin-Affiliation disclosure: This podcast receives a small commission when you use the code LLAMA for purchases from companies below which support our mission. It helps to cover production costs and ensures that our interviews, sharing information about human longevity, remain free for all to listen. -Time-line Mitopure (a highly pure form of Urolithin A) boosts the health of our mitochondria – the battery packs of our cells – and improves muscle strength. Time-line is offering LLAMA listeners a 10% discount on its range of products – Mitopure powders, softgels & skin creams. Use the code LLAMA at checkout- DoNotAgeDoNotAge.org is offering listeners to LLAMA a 10% discount on its range of products – NAD boosters, Sirtuin activators, senolytics and more. Any health queries can be answered by emailing the team at hello@donotage.orgUse the code LLAMA at checkout. -Support the showThe Live Long and Master Aging (LLAMA) podcast, a HealthSpan Media LLC production, shares ideas but does not offer medical advice. If you have health concerns of any kind, or you are considering adopting a new diet or exercise regime, you should consult your doctor.
Peter Allison and Peter Bowes – school friends 50 years ago, now contemplating the next chapter in life - return with another conversation about the latest science that could help us achieve a longer healthspan.In this episode· A study in the British Journal of Sports Medicine found that wall squats and planks are best at lowering blood pressure, with isometric exercises providing greater benefits than aerobic exercise. · Walking just 3867 steps a day can reduce the risk of dying from any cause, according to research published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology.· A study suggests that a 10-minute MRI scan could be better at screening for prostate cancer than the traditional PSA test.· A nematode worm that survived 46,000 years in permafrost but could the episode highlight broader concerns that the melting permafrost could release potentially harmful organisms and viruses.References, transcript and additional show notes are available at the LLAMA podcast website-Affiliation disclosure: This podcast receives a small commission when you use the code LLAMA for purchases from companies below which support our mission. It helps to cover production costs and ensures that our interviews, sharing information about human longevity, remain free for all to listen. -Time-line Mitopure (a highly pure form of Urolithin A) boosts the health of our mitochondria – the battery packs of our cells – and improves muscle strength. Time-line is offering LLAMA listeners a 10% discount on its range of products – Mitopure powders, softgels & skin creams. Use the code LLAMA at checkout- DoNotAgeDoNotAge.org is offering listeners to LLAMA a 10% discount on its range of products – NAD boosters, Sirtuin activators, senolytics and more. Any health queries can be answered by emailing the team at hello@donotage.orgUse the code LLAMA at checkout. -Support the showThe Live Long and Master Aging (LLAMA) podcast, a HealthSpan Media LLC production, shares ideas but does not offer medical advice. If you have health concerns of any kind, or you are considering adopting a new diet or exercise regime, you should consult your doctor.
Could red light therapy be used to help us recover faster from sporting injuries and promote better health as we grow older? In this third installment of our series exploring the technology behind the handheld device, FlexBeam, we discover how red light therapy can help address pain and injuries by improving local circulation and relaxing muscular spasms. Dr. Zulia Frost, clinical director at Recharge Health, creators of FlexBeam, also explains the importance of mitochondrial health for longevity. In this conversation we cover:- How red light therapy can help optimize cellular energy production by stimulating mitochondria - How nitric oxide, which is released during red light therapy, dilates blood vessels and improves circulation.- How red light therapy can be applied to injuries such as sprained ankles or knee injuries to speed up the healing process.- Plantar fasciitis treatment by improving the quality and hydration of collagen in the fascia.- The importance of using red light therapy in combination with other treatments and therapies for optimal results.- The use of red light therapy by professional athletes, including tennis player Casper Ruud, for injury recovery and prevention.- The use of red light therapy as a rejuvenation device, optimizing energy reserves in the body and improving performance during workouts.Affiliation disclosure: This podcast receives a small commission when you use the code LLAMA for purchases from companies below which support our mission. It helps to cover production costs and ensures that our interviews, sharing information about human longevity, remain free for all to listen. -FlexBeam red light therapyRecharge Health is offering LLAMA listeners an $80.00 discount on the purchase of FlexBeam, the wearable red light therapy device which targets key parts of the body to improve sleep, treat injuries and sooth aches and pains associated with aging. Use code LLAMA at checkout- DoNotAgeDoNotAge.org is offering listeners to LLAMA a 10% discount on its range of products – NAD boosters, Sirtuin activators, senolytics and more. Any health queries can be answered by emailing the team at hello@donotage.orgUse the code LLAMA at checkout. -Support the showThe Live Long and Master Aging (LLAMA) podcast, a HealthSpan Media LLC production, shares ideas but does not offer medical advice. If you have health concerns of any kind, or you are considering adopting a new diet or exercise regime, you should consult your doctor.
We cannot see them, but the tiny bugs inside our bodies are crucial to our long-term health. The problem is, they're becoming extinct. Martin Blaser, MD and Dr. Gloria Dominguez-Bello are both microbiologists from the Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine at Rutgers University in the US state of New Jersey. In the feature documentary, The Invisible Extinction, Martin and Gloria investigate the impact antibiotics and other common medical practices have on our microbiome and gut health. Their research highlights compelling evidence that the misuse of antibiotics could be to blame for a rise in food allergies, chronic diseases, and other gut-related health issues including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). In this interview they discuss their work, the importance of eating organic, non-processed foods, along with the essential role of bacteria, fungi and viruses that naturally live in our intestines and stomach.This episode is brought to you in association with Clinique La Prairie, with whom we share a common goal of helping people pursue a long healthspan. The award-winning spa clinic and pioneering health and wellness destination, nestled on the shores of Lake Geneva in Montreux, Switzerland, combines preventative medicine with bespoke lifestyle and nutrition plans, and offers a holistic approach to living fuller, healthier, and longer lives.Credits: This interview includes clips from The Invisible Extinction documentary, courtesy of Microbe Media LLC. Thanks also to Steven Lawrence - the film's co-director and producer - and Paul Clarke from Newsworthy press for their help in the production of this podcast. -Affiliation disclosure: This podcast receives a small commission when you use the code LLAMA for purchases from companies below which support our mission. It helps to cover production costs and ensures that our interviews, sharing information about human longevity, remain free for all to listen. -FlexBeam red light therapyRecharge Health is offering LLAMA listeners an $80.00 discount on the purchase of FlexBeam, the wearable red light therapy device which targets key parts of the body to improve sleep, treat injuries and sooth aches and pains associated with aging. Use code LLAMA at checkout- DoNotAgeDoNotAge.org is offering listeners to LLAMA a 10% discount on its range of products – NAD boosters, Sirtuin activators, senolytics and more. Any health queries can be answered by emailing the team at hello@donotage.orgUse the code LLAMA at checkout. -Support the showThe Live Long and Master Aging (LLAMA) podcast, a HealthSpan Media LLC production, shares ideas but does not offer medical advice. If you have health concerns of any kind, or you are considering adopting a new diet or exercise regime, you should consult your doctor.
Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.06.23.546104v1?rss=1 Authors: Trinh, D., Israwi, A., Brah, H., Arriola-Villafue, J., Volpicelli-Daley, L., Nash,, Nash, J. E. Abstract: Degeneration of the dopaminergic nigro-striatal pathway and presence of Lewy bodies are pathological hallmarks of Parkinsons disease (PD). Postmortem studies in human tissue have also demonstrated that a decline in mitochondrial number and function is also central to PD pathology. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is a mitochondrial protein deacetylase which has been linked with longevity and cytoprotective effects. SIRT3 serves as a metabolic sensor and regulates mitochondrial homeostasis and oxidative stress, which likely stabilises telomere integrity, delaying senescence. Previously, we have shown that over-expression of SIRT3 rescues motor function and prevents degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in a virally over-expressing mutant (A53T)-alpha-synuclein model of PD. In the present study, we show that in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) of human subjects, SIRT3 levels are negatively correlated with age (p less than 0.05, R=0.6539). In the hippocampus, there was no correlation between SIRT3 levels and age. In human subjects with PD, SIRT3 was reduced by 56.8{+/-}15.5% and 34.0{+/-}5.6% in the SNc and hippocampus respectively regardless of age. Given that age is the primary risk factor for PD, this finding suggests that reduced SIRT3 may be a causative factor contributing to PD pathology. Next in human subjects with PD, we measured whether there was a correlation between the amount of aggregated alpha-synuclein and SIRT3 levels by measuring immunofluorescence of phosphorylated alpha-synuclein (p-syn), which is a marker for Lewy bodies. Interestingly, in the hippocampus, but not SNc, there was a positive correlation between SIRT3 and p-syn levels, despite p-syn being reduced compared to control. Next using an alpha-synuclein seeding rat model of PD, we assessed the disease-modifying effects of viral-mediated SIRT3 infusion. Six months following infusion of alpha-synuclein pre-formed fibrils (PFF) into the SNc, there was 38.8{+/-}4.5% loss of TH-positive neurons, impaired striatal dopamine metabolism and pathological alpha-synuclein throughout the brain. Phosphorylated-alpha-synuclein immunoreactivity was present in the SNc, olfactory tubercle, striatum, amygdala, hippocampus and motor cortex. In PD subjects, synuclein positive aggregates have also been reported in these brain regions. In PFF rats, infusion of rAAV1.SIRT3-myc in the SNc reduced abundance of alpha-synuclein inclusions in the SNc by 30.1{+/-}18.5% which was not seen when deacetylation deficient SIRT3H248Y was transduced. This demonstrates the importance of SIRT3 deacetylation in reducing alpha-synuclein aggregation. However, while SIRT3 transduction reduced aggregation in the SNc, it had no significant effect on phosphorylated-alpha-synuclein levels in other brain regions. These studies confirm that SIRT3 is directly correlated with senescence and aging in humans. We also provide evidence that reduced SIRT3 contributes to the pathology of clinical PD. Finally, by showing that over-expression of SIRT3 prevents alpha-synuclein aggregation through de-acetylation-dependent mechanisms, we further validate AAV1.SIRT3-myc as a potential disease-modifying therapy for PD. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC
Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.02.27.530205v1?rss=1 Authors: Copp, M. E., Shine, J., Brown, H. L., Nimmala, K. R., Chubinskaya, S., Collins, J. A., Loeser, R., Diekman, B. O. Abstract: While advanced age has long been recognized as the greatest risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA), the biological mechanisms behind this connection remain unclear. Previous work has demonstrated that chondrocytes from older cadaveric donors have elevated levels of DNA damage as compared to chondrocytes from younger donors. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a decline in DNA repair efficiency is one explanation for the accumulation of DNA damage with age, and to quantify the improvement in repair with activation of Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6). Using an acute irradiation model to bring the baseline level of all donors to the same starting point, this study demonstrates a decline in repair efficiency during aging when comparing chondrocytes from young (less than or equal to 45 years old), middle-aged (50-65 years old), or older ( greater than 70 years old) cadaveric donors with no known history of OA or macroscopic cartilage degradation at isolation. Activation of SIRT6 in middle-aged chondrocytes with MDL-800 (20 uM) improved the repair efficiency, while inhibition with EX-527 (10 uM) inhibited the rate of repair and the increased the percentage of cells that retained high levels of damage. Treating chondrocytes from older donors with MDL-800 for 48 hours significantly reduced the amount of DNA damage, despite this damage having accumulated over decades. Lastly, chondrocytes isolated from the proximal femurs of mice between 4 months and 22 months of age revealed both an increase in DNA damage with aging, and a decrease in DNA damage following MDL-800 treatment. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC
Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.02.01.526688v1?rss=1 Authors: Sanz-Alcazar, A., Britti, E., Delaspre, F., Medina-Carbonero, M., Pazos-Gil, M., Tamarit, J., ROS, J., Cabiscol, E. Abstract: Friedreich ataxia (FA) is a rare, recessive neuro-cardiodegenerative disease caused by deficiency of the mitochondrial protein frataxin. Mitochondrial dysfunction, a reduction in the activity of iron-sulfur enzymes, iron accumulation, and increased oxidative stress have been described. However, the mechanisms causing such cellular disturbances in mammals are not completely understood. Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons are among the cellular types most affected in the early stages of this disease. We have previously demonstrated that frataxin depletion in primary cultures of DRG neurons results in calcium dysregulation, neurite degeneration and apoptotic cell death. However, its effect on mitochondrial function remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we found that in primary cultures of DRG neurons as well as in DRGs from the FXNI151F mouse model, frataxin deficiency resulted in lower activity and levels of the electron transport complexes, mainly complexes I and II. As a consequence, the NAD+/NADH ratio was reduced and SirT3, a mitochondrial NAD+-dependent deacetylase, was impaired. We identified alpha tubulin as the major acetylated protein from DRG homogenates whose levels were increased in FXNI151F mice compared to WT mice. Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (SOD2), a SirT3 substrate, displayed increased acetylation in frataxin-deficient DRG neurons. Since SOD2 acetylation inactivates the enzyme, and higher levels of mitochondrial superoxide anion were detected, oxidative stress markers were analyzed. Elevated levels of hydroxynonenal bound to proteins and mitochondrial Fe2+ accumulation were detected when frataxin decreased. Honokiol, a SirT3 activator, restores mitochondrial respiration. Altogether, these results provide the molecular bases to understand mitochondria dysfunction in sensory neurons which have greater susceptibility to frataxin deficiency compared to other tissues. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC
This week, please join authors Qiang Zhang and Matthew Burrage as well as Senior Associate Editor Victoria Delgado as they discuss the article "Artificial Intelligence for Contrast-free MRI: Scar Assessment in Myocardial Infarction Using Deep Learning-Based Virtual Native Enhancement." Dr. Carolyn Lam: Welcome to Circulation On the Run, your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. We're your cohosts. I'm Dr. Carolyn Lam, associate editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore. Dr. Peder Myhre: And I'm Dr. Peder Myhre from University of Akershus University Hospital in Norway. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Peder, today's feature discussion is on AI for contrast-free MRI. Isn't that so cool, using AI to perhaps understand what we could see only with contrast, but now in a contrast-free manner. Now I know that sound a bit confusing, but I hope very, very enticing, because everyone's going to have to wait for a little while before we get to that interesting feature discussion. And for now, let's talk about some of the papers we have in today's issue, shall we? Dr. Peder Myhre: Yes, Carolyn, I can't wait for the feature discussion, but we're going to start with some of the other papers in this week's issue, and we're going to start in the world of preclinical science with a paper looking at human cardiac reprogramming, because Carolyn, direct cardiac reprogramming of fibroblasts into cardiomyocytes has emerged as one of the promising strategies to remuscularize the injured myocardium. Yet it is still insufficient to generate functional induced cardiomyocytes from human fibroblasts using conventional reprogramming cocktails and underlying molecular mechanisms are not really well understood. Transcriptional factors often act in concert and form tightly controlled networks featuring with common targets among different transcriptional factors. Therefore, missing one component during heart development could lead to heart function defects and congenital heart disease. And in this study by corresponding author Yang Zhou from the University of Alabama at Birmingham, the authors perform transcriptomic comparison between human induced cardiomyocytes and functional cardiomyocytes to assess additional factors that govern transcriptional activation of gene programs associated with sarcomere contractility. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Wow. Really nicely explained. Thanks, Peder. So what did they find? Dr. Peder Myhre: So Carolyn, through these computational analysis of transcriptomic data, the authors identified TBX20 as the most under expressed transcription factor in human induced cardiomyocytes compared to endogenous cardiomyocytes. They also demonstrated that TBX20 enhances human cardiac reprogramming and improves contractility and mitochondrial function in the reprogrammed cardiomyocytes. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Nice. Could you summarize the clinical implications, please? Dr. Peder Myhre: Yes. So the clinical implications are that enhancing the efficiency and quality of direct cardiac reprogramming for human fibroblast is a critical step in the clinical translation of this technology, and better understanding of this synergistic regulation of key cardiac transcription factors during reprogramming will provide new insights into the genetic basis in normal and diseased hearts. Well, Carolyn, please tell me about your next paper. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Thanks, and we're moving now to kidney disease. Now end stage renal disease is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular events, but what about mild to moderate kidney dysfunction? Is it causally related to coronary heart disease and stroke? Well, today's authors give us a clue, and it's from corresponding author Dr. Di Angelantonio from University of Cambridge and colleagues who took a very unique combined approach to answer this question. They first conducted observational analyses using individual level data from four huge population based data sources, namely the emerging risk factors collaboration, Epic CVD, Jillion Veteran Program and UK Biobank. Can you imagine this comprised almost 650,000 participants with no history of cardiovascular disease or diabetes at baseline, yielding almost 43,000 and 15,700 incident coronary heart disease and stroke events respectively during a 6.8 million person years of follow up. So huge observational study, which they then followed with a Mendelian randomization analyses using a genetic risk score of 218 variants for GFR and involving participants in Epic CVD Million Veterans Program and the UK Biobank. Dr. Peder Myhre: Wow, Carolyn, this is a topic that I think many of us have really been wondering and thinking about. The mild to moderate kidney dysfunction, what does it really mean? And what a beautiful study to answer this. So what did they find? Dr. Carolyn Lam: First, there was a U-shaped association of creatinine-based GFR with coronary heart disease and stroke with higher risk in participants with GFR values below 60 or more than 105 mills per minute per 1.73 meters squared. Mendelian randomization analyses for coronary heart disease showed an association among participants with GFR below 60, but not for those with GFR above 105. Results were not materially different after adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors and the Mendelian randomization results for stroke were nonsignificant but broadly similar to those for coronary heart disease. So in summary, in people without manifest cardiovascular disease or diabetes, mild to moderate kidney dysfunction is causally related to the risk of coronary heart disease, highlighting the potential value of preventive approaches that preserve and modulate kidney function. Dr. Peder Myhre: Thank you, Carolyn, for such a great summary and an important result from that study. I'm going to now take us back to the world of preclinical science and talk about diabetic cardiomyopathy and exercise. And we both know that patients with diabetes are vulnerable to development of myocardial dysfunction, and that exercise, our favorite thing, for maintaining cardiovascular health, especially in patients with diabetes. And despite a wealth of evidence supporting that cardiometabolic benefits of exercise, the precise exercise responsive signals that confer the beneficial effects of exercise in cardiomyocytes to remain poorly defined. And previous studies have identified fibroblast growth factor 21, FGF21, a peptide hormone with pleiotropic benefits on cardiometabolic hemostasis as an exercise responsive factor. And in this study from Aimin Xu from the University of Hong Kong, the authors investigated a six-week exercise intervention program in FGF21 knockout mice and wild-type litter mates that all had diabetic cardiomyopathy induced by high fat diet and injection of streptozotocin. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Nice. So what did they find? Dr. Peder Myhre: Yeah, the authors found that exercise lowers circulating FGF21 levels, therefore remodeling the heart as an FGF21 sensitive target organ. And the protective effects of exercise against diabetic cardiomyopathy are therefore compromised in mice with deficiency of FGF21. They also identified Sirtuin-3 as an obligor downstream effector on FGF21, preserving mitochondrial integrity and cardiac function. Finally, the authors demonstrated that FGF21 induces Sirtuin-3 expression through AMPK-FOXO3 signaling access. Dr. Carolyn Lam: So could you put that together for us better? So what are the clinical implications? Dr. Peder Myhre: So the clinical implications from this paper is that circulating FGF21 is a potential biomarker for assessment of exercise efficacy in improving cardiac functions. And exercise is a potent FGF21 sensitizer in cardiomyocyte and has the potential to enhance the therapeutic benefits of FGF21 analogs in diabetic cardiomyopathy, and selective activation of FGF21 signal in cardiomyocytes may serve as exercise mimetics and represent a promising targeted intervention for precise management of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Oh my goodness. That is fascinating. Thank you, Peder. Well let's wrap up with what else there is in today's issue. There's an On My Mind paper by Dr. Weir entitled, “The Emperor's New Clothes: Aren't We Just Treating Grades of Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction.” Dr. Peder Myhre: And there is a Research Letter by Dr. James Martin from Baylor College of Medicine entitled “Gene Therapy Knockdown of Hippo Signaling Resolves Arrhythmic Events in Pigs after Myocardial Infarction.” Dr. Carolyn Lam: Very nice. Thanks, Peder. So wow, let's go onto a featured discussion on AI for contrast-free MRI and a virtual native enhancement here coming right up. Dr. Peder Myhre: Awesome. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Now we all know that myocardial scar is currently assessed non-invasively using cardiac MRI with late gadolinium enhancement as what we would call the imaging gold standard. Wouldn't it be amazing to have a contrast-free approach, which could provide the same information with many advantages such as a faster or cheaper scan, and without contrast associated problems? Well guess what? We're about to discuss that today in a feature publication in today's issue, and I am so pleased to have the co first authors with us today. They are Dr. Qiang Zhang and Dr. Matthew Burridge, both from University of Oxford, and to discuss it as well, our senior associate editor, Dr. Victoria Delgado from Barcelona. So welcome, everyone. Qiang Zhang, could I start with you and ask you, I understand you're a machine learning expert, which means you're probably smarter than all of us here. Could you maybe explain in simple terms what made you and Dr. Burridge do the study? Dr. Qiang Zhang: First? Thank you so much, Carolyn and Victoria, for the invitation. As you have mentioned, late gadolinium enhancement, or LGE, has been the imaging gold standard in clinical practice for myocardial catheterization including scar assessment for patients with myocardial infarction. However, LGE requires the injection for gadolinium contrast, and this is cautioned in some patient groups and increases the scan time and cost. On the other hand, pre-contrast CMR such as Sydney T1-T2 mapping, a gadolinium-free alternative for myocardial catheterization. But their clinical use has been hindered by confounding factors and a lack of clear interpretation. So with our cross deceptor team at Oxford, we developed an artificial intelligence, virtual native enhancement technique VNE. It can produce a sort of a virtual LGE image but without the need for gadolinium contrast. And we have previously tested it in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy as published in this journal last year. And in this new study together with Matt here, we tested in patients with history of chronic or prior myocardial infarction. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Oh wow. Cool. So audience, you heard it. Instead of LGE, we now have VNE, virtual native enhancement. That's super cool. Thank you. Matt, could I bring you in here? So tell us a little bit more about the population you studied and what you both found. Dr. Matthew Burrage: Yeah, absolutely. And thank you so much for the invitation as well. So as Chang has said, this was a single sensor study that we performed at the University of Oxford and specifically targeting assessing myocardial scar in patients with a history of chronic or prior MI. So we had two sources for our population data. Well, first we used our real world clinical service data from our institution. So we screened 11 years worth of patient data for presence of MI. So patients were included. There was a evidence of a previous MI based on an ischemic pattern of LGE, but we specifically excluded patients who had an acute presentation, or if there were features of acute MI on the CMR scan such as presence of myocardial edema or microvascular obstruction. The reason for this is we wanted to keep this as a clean population to avoid the potential confounding effects of myocardial edema or MVO on native T1 values. And so we also excluded other myocardial pathologies such as underlying cardiomyopathies and infiltrative diseases. A second population dataset came from the OX Army study, which is a single center prospective study of patients presenting with acute MI. And for these patients we used their six month follow up scan to again avoid the confounding effects of edema and pathology. So overall we had a total of 912 patients who have contributed over 4,000 image data sets. The patient characteristics, 81% were male, they had a mean age of 64 years and there were cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes melitis, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia in 20 to 40% of patients, while just over half had a history of previous revascularization. We also separately applied the VNE technology to a pig model of myocardial infarction, which was thanks to our collaborator, Rohan Domakuma in the US. And so those were scans performed eight to nine weeks after an induced MI in the LAD territory in a series of pigs. And so this gave us the ability to provide a direct comparison between LGE, VNE, and histopathology in this model. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Wow. And results? Dr. Matthew Burrage: So what we found and the key results were firstly that VNE provided significantly better image quality than LGE, and this was on blinded analysis by five independent operators from our test data sets. Secondly, the VNE correlated strongly with LGE in terms of quantifying infarct size and the degree of transmurality, so the extent of the MIs in our test data set. We had pretty good overall accuracy of 84% for VNE in detecting scar compared to LGE with no false positive VNE cases. And finally there was also excellent visuospatial agreement with the histopathology in the pig model of myocardial infarction. So really this, we think, is a technology that provides clinicians with images in a format that firstly they're familiar with, which looks like LGE, provides essentially the same information as LGE, but it can be achieved without the need for any gadolinium contrast agents and can be acquired in a fraction of the time. So it takes less than one second to generate the VNE image. So as we've said before, we feel there's a lot of potential here for this technology to potentially eliminate the need for gadolinium contrast in a significant proportion of CMR scans, reduced scan times and costs, increased clinical throughput and hopefully improve the accessibility of CMR for patients in the near future. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Oh wow. That is tremendous. So first of all, congratulations to both of you. Before I ask Victoria for some thoughts, could I also just check with Qiang Zhang, because all AI algorithms need to be externally validated or surely there's some catch to it, or so-called limitations, or something else you may study. Could you maybe round up by saying is there anything that clinicians should not be applying it to or be aware of some limitations or? Dr. Qiang Zhang: Thank you, Carolyn. So a limitation of this study is that the dataset that is used for developing the models, the majority of them are patients around six month after the acute infarction. So where the myocardial infarction is still evolving, which may include residual edema and microvascular obstruction, and that is difficult to assess using the current VNE model. And also we found it challenging to assess small sub endocardial infarction and actually to address those limitations, we are working on improving the VNE models, training it on even larger data sets and training it on LGE to detect small sub endocardial function. And we will further develop it to detect, for example, acute edema and a microvascular obstruction, and in the meantime develop quality control driven AI models to inform the clinical users of and unreliable results. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Wow, thank you. So Victoria, now I'm dying to hear your thoughts. How do you think this fits in the landscape of all AI imaging now? Dr. Victoria Delgado: I think that it's an excellent development and I congratulate the others for the article and the proof of concept that we can move away from the late enhancement and the use of gadolinium enhancement. I think that this is a major step forward because as Matt said, they are going to decrease very much the time of scanning and the post processing because is automatically done as far as I understand. So even if you can interpret yourself the amount of so-called virtual enhancement, the system gives you a value for that extension of the virtual in non-gadolinium enhancement. So that reduces very much the variability that can be in each observer if that is done automatically. But my question to them is also if that can be influenced by the type of scanner that you use, for example on echocardiography, that's much more my field of interest, it depends very much sometimes how the images are processed of which are the vendors that we have used to acquire the images. Is this a limitation for your software? Can you foresee there some variability or is completely independent? Dr. Qiang Zhang: Thank you, Victoria. So we are aware of actually the difference of the data produced by different scan of vendors and the advantage of AI-driven methods is that it is data driven. So we plan to incorporate dataset from other vendors so that the trend that VNE models can work with like multiple scanner vendors. This actually will be done alongside the ongoing standardization program of T1 mapping in our group, which is the underpinned technology for VNE. And this is led by Professor Stephan Pitchnik and Vanessa Farrera. And we actually hope the VNE technology as AI driven methods could contribute to a solution to the CMO standardization between the scanner vendor. Dr. Victoria Delgado: And another question, if I may follow in this CMR, it has been proposed as a very valuable imaging technique to assess infarct size and to see the efficacy of some therapies to reduce the myocardial infarction size. How do you think that this new methods will impact in future trials and the way we have been interpreting the previous trials, like for example, the one that you use for the validation? Dr. Matthew Burrage: Yeah, thanks Victoria. It's a really, really excellent question. I think there's a lot of potential for the new VNE technology to also become a clinical endpoint in some of these trials in terms of reduction in infarct size, because the information that we get is more or less the same as we get from the LGE. So there's lots of potential that we can, again, use this as a biomarker in trials for looking at reduction in infarct size and reperfusion therapies. But it has the benefit that it can be done quicker and without gadolinium contrast. Dr. Victoria Delgado: This is amazing guideline and really I would have a lot of questions for them as well. And knowing the literature, for example, in the Scenic center in Madrid that they have been scanning the evolution of myocardial infarction from 0.02 weeks to see how this would translate with your technique. That will be amazing to understand how this can be done. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Oh wow, there you go. New research idea right there. Well how about if we end with a very quick question for each of the first authors. So maybe Matt, you could start, I mean is this ready for primetime and clinical use? And if it's not, what needs to be done to get there? In other words, where are you headed as the next step? Dr. Matthew Burrage: So again, thank you, Carolyn, that's a really excellent question and I think the next step before this becomes ready for primetime clinical use is validating this technology really across the spectrum of other myocardial pathologies. So the next work that we are developing this on is in patients with acute myocardial infarction, and then extending this to sort of acute inflammatory conditions like myocarditis, other non-ischemic cardiomyopathies, things like amyloidosis as well. So this will be the next step into rollout and we are looking to track things like VNE burden and how that relates to clinical outcomes, similar to the previous LGE papers have done across different myocardial pathologies, but then ultimately aiming towards clinical rollout within the next few years. Dr. Qiang Zhang: Yeah, I think pretty much what Matt has said, we're going to develop the deep learning methods and test it further on pretty much the whole spectrum of commonly encountered diseases, and then more complex pathologies such as acute pathologies like edema, microvascular obstruction, and then we test on large population study like UK Biobank and other prospective clinical trials. And of course the most importantly is to roll out for real world clinical use. And as Matt said, we are aiming to do this within the next two to five years. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Wow, this is amazing. Both Victoria and I said thank you, congratulations on this landmark piece of work. Thank you for publishing it in circulation. Audience, thank you for joining us today from Greg, Peder, myself. You've been listening to Circulation on the Run, and don't forget to tune in again next week. Dr. Greg Hundley: This program is copyright of the American Heart Association 2022. The opinions expressed by speakers in this podcast are their own and not necessarily those of the editors or of the American Heart Association. For more, please visit ahajournals.org.
A new research paper was published in Aging (listed as “Aging (Albany NY)” by MEDLINE/PubMed and “Aging-US” by Web of Science) Volume 14, Issue 20, entitled, “Age-associated changes in microglia activation and Sirtuin-1- chromatin binding patterns.” The aging process is associated with changes in mechanisms maintaining physiology, influenced by genetics and lifestyle, and impacting late life quality and longevity. Brain health is critical in healthy aging. Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), a histone deacetylase with silencing properties, is one of the molecular determinants experimentally linked to health and longevity. In this new study, researchers Liana V. Basova, Nikki Bortell, Bruno Conti, Howard S. Fox, Richard Milner, and Maria Cecilia Garibaldi Marcondes from San Diego Biomedical Research Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center and Oncovalent Therapeutics compared brain pathogenesis and Sirt1-chromatin binding dynamics in brain pre-frontal cortex from 2 groups of elder rhesus macaques (rhesus monkeys), divided by age of necropsy: shorter-lived animals (18-20 years old (yo)), equivalent to 60-70 human yo; and longer-lived animals (23-29 yo), corresponding to 80-100 human yo and modeling successful aging. These were compared with young adult brains (4-7 yo). “Our findings indicated drastic differences in the microglia marker Iba1, along with factors influencing Sirt1 levels and activity, such as CD38 (an enzyme limiting NAD that controls Sirt1 activity) and mir142 (a microRNA targeting Sirt1 transcription) between the elder groups.” Iba1 was lower in shorter-lived animals than in the other groups, while CD38 was higher in both aging groups compared to young. mir142 and Sirt1 levels were inversely correlated in longer-lived brains (>23yo), but not in shorter-lived brains (18-20 yo). They also found that Sirt1 binding showed signs of better efficiency in longer-lived animals compared to shorter-lived ones, in genes associated with nuclear activity and senescence. “Overall, differences in neuroinflammation and Sirt1 interactions with chromatin distinguished shorter- and longer-lived animals, suggesting the importance of preserving microglia and Sirt1 functional efficiency for longevity.” DOI: https://doi.org/10.18632/aging.204329 Corresponding Author: Maria Cecilia Garibaldi Marcondes - cmarcondes@SDBRI.org Keywords: aging, brain, rhesus macaques, microglia, Sirtuin-1 Sign up for free Altmetric alerts about this article: https://aging.altmetric.com/details/email_updates?id=10.18632%2Faging.204329 Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cz33TWM4so4 About Aging-US: Launched in 2009, Aging (Aging-US) publishes papers of general interest and biological significance in all fields of aging research and age-related diseases, including cancer—and now, with a special focus on COVID-19 vulnerability as an age-dependent syndrome. Topics in Aging go beyond traditional gerontology, including, but not limited to, cellular and molecular biology, human age-related diseases, pathology in model organisms, signal transduction pathways (e.g., p53, sirtuins, and PI-3K/AKT/mTOR, among others), and approaches to modulating these signaling pathways. Please visit our website at www.Aging-US.com and connect with us: SoundCloud – https://soundcloud.com/Aging-Us Facebook – https://www.facebook.com/AgingUS/ Twitter – https://twitter.com/AgingJrnl Instagram – https://www.instagram.com/agingjrnl/ YouTube – https://www.youtube.com/agingus LinkedIn – https://www.linkedin.com/company/aging/ Reddit – https://www.reddit.com/user/AgingUS Pinterest – https://www.pinterest.com/AgingUS/ For media inquiries, please contact media@impactjournals.com
Is it possible to stop aging? What about reverse it? What do NMN, Sirtuan 6 Activation, Sulforaphane have to do with it? Listen and find out. Alan Graves is the CEO of DoNotAge.org a longevity research organization and product manufacturer. Find OPP episodes, discounts on products, learn about my Life Coach and Performance Coach at Seanmccormick.com EPISODE SPONSORS - Spartan - 2022 Spartan Race schedule In this fascinating episode we cover: •What is the most impactful longevity supplement in the world •What are sirtuans - Sirtuan 6 and how can you activate it •Sulforaphane for cancer •The most potent longevity supplements in the world •NMN, NAD, RESVERITROL, SPERMADINE, SULFORAPHANE, QUERCITIN, HYALURONIC ACID •Get longevity supplement questions answered at hello@donotage.org •Why it's important to test your NMN levels, then supplement, then the •What supplements make sense for megadosing? •Biological age testing kit across 1M markers
References Dr Guerra's synthesis of the relevant literature BioEssays, Volume: 39, Issue: 5, First published: 20 February 2017. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2020; 7: 2. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/message
Most people like to entertain themselves with blockbuster movies or epic TV shows but Dr. Martin and Amy love research papers! Amy takes us through a study on how Sirtuin 6 is linked to longevity and Dr. Martin explains a study on why Sirtuin 3 is important in understanding cognitive issues as a side effect of anesthesia. It may not be headline news but it's important to understand the science and biology of aging. Comments, questions, clarifications? Leave a voicemail (303) 630-9038 or email Amy@JasonMartinMD.com. Watch this episode on YouTube: https://youtu.be/P6LrX5opxPI Please rate and subscribe on Apple Podcasts, Stitcher, or wherever you listen to podcasts. Ratings and reviews are extremely helpful and greatly appreciated! Follow Beauty and the Surgeon: YouTube: Jason Martin MD > Beauty and the Surgeon Podcast Playlist Instagram: @beautyandthesurgeonpodcast Facebook: facebook.com/beautyandthesurgeonpodcast Website: beautyandthesurgeonpodcast.com Sponsored by: Let's Get Checked (trylgc.com/beauty code: beauty20)
TWiN reveals how oligodendrocytes enhance axonal energy metabolism by transcellular delivery of a protein, SIRT2, that deacetylates mitochondrial proteins. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Timothy Cheung, and Vivianne Morrison Click arrow to play Download TWiN 028 (77 MB .mp3, 64 min) Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiN! Links for this episode Glia 101 (TWiN 19) Oligodendrocytes enhance axonal energy metabolism (Neuron) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your neuroscience questions and comments to twin@microbe.tv
No one is exempt from ageing, and with aging comes diseases and sickness. Decreased performance and cell production also occur because of this phenomenon. Lifestyle changes may be inadequate to help your body function properly. Over the past years, longevity science has been evolving, with the emergence of several anti-ageing supplements in the market. However, the body may not absorb these supplements effectively enough to slow down the effects of ageing. In this episode, Dr Elena Seranova explains how the ageing process works. She details how to use supplements, complemented by lifestyle changes, to reverse ageing. She also shares how NMN can be coupled with TMG to create the ultimate longevity supplement. There's no one supplement to optimise your health, but good habits and lifestyle changes are integral to having a longer and healthier life! If you want to learn how to reverse ageing through supplements and lifestyle changes, then this episode is for you! Here are three reasons why you should listen to the full episode: Understand the aging process, its vicious cycle, and how it affects and changes our bodies. Learn how you can slow down and reverse the effects of aging. Discover how you can combine TMG with NMN for better results. Get Customised Guidance for Your Genetic Make-Up For our epigenetics health programme, all about optimising your fitness, lifestyle, nutrition and mind performance to your particular genes, go to https://www.lisatamati.com/page/epigenetics-and-health-coaching/. Customised Online Coaching for Runners CUSTOMISED RUN COACHING PLANS — How to Run Faster, Be Stronger, Run Longer Without Burnout & Injuries Have you struggled to fit in training in your busy life? Maybe you don't know where to start, or perhaps you have done a few races but keep having motivation or injury troubles? Do you want to beat last year's time or finish at the front of the pack? Want to run your first 5-km or run a 100-miler? Do you want a holistic programme that is personalised & customised to your ability, goals, and lifestyle? Go to www.runninghotcoaching.com for our online run training coaching. Health Optimisation and Life Coaching Are you struggling with a health issue and need people who look outside the square and are connected to some of the greatest science and health minds in the world? Then reach out to us at support@lisatamati.com, we can jump on a call to see if we are a good fit for you. If you have a big challenge ahead, are dealing with adversity or want to take your performance to the next level and want to learn how to increase your mental toughness, emotional resilience, foundational health, and more, contact us at support@lisatamati.com. Order My Books My latest book Relentless chronicles the inspiring journey about how my mother and I defied the odds after an aneurysm left my mum Isobel with massive brain damage at age 74. The medical professionals told me there was absolutely no hope of any quality of life again. Still, I used every mindset tool, years of research and incredible tenacity to prove them wrong and bring my mother back to full health within three years. Get your copy here: https://shop.lisatamati.com/collections/books/products/relentless. For my other two best-selling books Running Hot and Running to Extremes, chronicling my ultrarunning adventures and expeditions all around the world, go to https://shop.lisatamati.com/collections/books. Lisa's Anti-Ageing and Longevity Supplements NMN: Nicotinamide Mononucleotide, an NAD+ precursor Feel Healthier and Younger* Researchers have found that Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide or NAD+, a master regulator of metabolism and a molecule essential for the functionality of all human cells, is being dramatically decreased over time. What is NMN? NMN Bio offers a cutting edge Vitamin B3 derivative named NMN (beta Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) that can boost the levels of NAD+ in muscle tissue and liver. Take charge of your energy levels, focus, metabolism and overall health so you can live a happy, fulfilling life. Founded by scientists, NMN Bio offers supplements of the highest purity and rigorously tested by an independent, third-party lab. Start your cellular rejuvenation journey today. Support Your Healthy Ageing We offer powerful third-party tested NAD+ boosting supplements so you can start your healthy ageing journey today. 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Episode Highlights [01:53] How Longevity Science Is Growing There are a growing number of anti-ageing products as we understand the ageing process better. Multiple cellular processes decline or become imbalanced as people age. There are 9 hallmarks of ageing, and the study recently added another hallmark to include inflammation. The top four killer diseases are cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, and diabetes. The older you are, the higher your chance of developing one of these diseases. Our body peaks at 25 and starts the aging process from there. [06:06] Why Is NMN Important? NMN stands for nicotinamide mononucleotide and is a Vitamin B3 derivative. It's a natural molecule that you can get from food, but getting an efficient dosage requires supplementation. NMN is a precursor to help our metabolism, and it boosts NAD levels. NAD serves as fuel for SIRTUIN proteins that are involved in rejuvenation processes. NAD is vital to keep our cells healthy and ensure they don't lose their identity. [09:23] What Happens in the Body as We Age Cell identity is vital. What differentiates cells is how certain parts of the genomes are read. As we age, this process can become chaotic. Chromatin is a substance in a chromosome. Lightly packed chromatin under active transcription is called euchromatin. Heterochromatin, on the other hand, is more condensed and transcriptionally silent. Epigenetic changes can dictate which areas will be active or inactive. This defines how a cell can be expressed. Sirtuins are crucial in making sure the right genes are active and mediating DNA repair. However, they become less efficient as we age. This is how our epigenetic regulation becomes loose, leading to genomic instability and loss of cellular identity. [15:33] How Aging Can Create a Vicious Cycle NAD is the fuel source of sirtuin genes. When these genes are depleted, our DNA can't be repaired. As we age, NAD production depletes. DNA breaks and genome instability also increase. This becomes a vicious cycle of needing more energy but with less production. Furthermore, genome instability can increase senescence or zombie cells. These can further increase genome instability. Senescent cells are cells that forget how to do their function well and stop replicating. These cells can further drain NAD levels. [18:19] The Link Between Fasting and Cell Autophagy Autophagy is the process where cells can get rid of toxins and other things that are not needed anymore. Autophagy ensures housekeeping and can be triggered by fasting. 12 hours of fasting can start autophagy in the liver, while 20 hours of fasting can start the process in other tissues. Eating can activate mTOR, which is another vital cell regulator. This process is deactivated through supplements like Berberine. Learn to balance both eating and fasting. Hear about Dr Elena's fasting schedule and supplements in the full episode! [27:48] Why Dr Elena Launched TMG Methylation is vital for the body's most critical functions. These include creating neurotransmitters, cell division, energy production, metabolism, and epigenetics. Dr Elena launched TMG to boost NMN's effectiveness and metabolism. Methylation and TMG can control homocysteine levels, which correlate with cardiovascular diseases. TMG may also enhance athletic performance. It also has a good safety profile with no side effects despite higher dosage. Dr Elena recommends a 1:2 or 1:3 ratio of NMN to TMG. For every 500 milligrams of NMN, take 1 to 2 grams of TMG. [33:31] Do We Need to Worry about Hyper-methylation? It's difficult to hyper-methylate. However, individual genetic factors can affect homocysteine levels. To check your homocysteine levels, you can undergo a blood test or check your gene variants with a genetic test TMG is an osmoregulator that helps regulate cell balance and can optimize methylation. After taking over 20 grams, a laxative effect may appear. [39:41] Where to Start Dr Elena recommends taking NMN, TMG, and extra virgin olive oil for anti-ageing. NMN can also help increase insulin sensitivity and boost collagen production, as seen in human clinical trial in prediabetic women. The market has a lot of collagen supplements, but not all of them are absorbed by the body effectively. Insulin sensitivity decreases as we age. This is the body's ability to let glucose flow freely into cells. You can reverse ageing problems with a better lifestyle and supplements. Dr Elena recommends avoiding carbohydrates in your diet. [42:55] How to Have a Healthier Diet Around 80% of adults in the West may be pre-diabetic. So many foods nowadays are made to be addictive. While a vegan diet can help you detox at first, you will eventually experience amino acid depletion. Dr Elena prefers a carnivore diet. She also does fasting with a three-hour eating window. You can start with a longer eating window and slowly reduce it. You don't want a glucose spike in the morning. [48:06] You Don't Need to Be Perfect You don't have to be perfect every day, but make sure you stay consistent with your overall longevity routine. Exercise and saunas activate Sirtuins. Try to have a routine for one or both. Optimize your routine and find out what works for you. [50:52] NMN Bio's Growth Dr Elena shares that her company has been growing rapidly. They now have a UK warehouse, UK Amazon FBA, and another warehouse in Europe. They are also expanding to the United States. Remember that no one supplement will do everything for you. You also need to change your lifestyle, which includes diet, exercise, and even biorhythms. There's a lot of information about longevity online, and it can become overwhelming. This is why Dr Elena created an online course about longevity. Dr Elena recommends making sure your circadian rhythm is not disrupted. Resources Gain exclusive access and bonuses to Pushing the Limits Podcast by becoming a patron! Tune in to more Pushing the Limits episodes on health and ageing! Episode 231: The Immune System and How It Fights Cancer Cells and Viruses with Dr Elizabeth Yurth Episode 196: Rethinking the Function of Mitochondria for Our Health with Dr Elizabeth Yurth Episode 189: Understanding Autophagy and Increasing Your Longevity with Dr Elena Seranova Episode 187: Back to Basics: Slow Down Ageing and Promote Longevity with Dr Elizabeth Yurth Episode 183: Sirtuins and NAD Supplements for Longevity with Dr Elena Seranova Want to dive deeper into longevity and work out a protocol for yourself? Take the Foundations of Longevity and Life Extension Online Course by Dr Elena Seranova and Jesse Coomer The Ultimate Anti-Aging Combination: TMG & NMN to Live Significantly Longer? By NMN Bio The Hallmarks of Aging Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Increases Muscle Insulin Sensitivity in Prediabetic Women Visit NMN Bio to know more about NMN supplements! Lifespan by Dr David Sinclair 7 Powerful Quotes [04:28] ‘The older you are, the highest your risk of getting one of these diseases; so if it's not gonna be one of them, it's gonna be the other one… Now we start realising when does aging start, which is actually at quite a young age, basically at the age of 25. Because this is where our hormones peak…' [12:25] ‘There are multiple functions that Sirtuins need to attend to within the cell. With age, this function becomes less and less efficient, basically, because sirtuins become more forgetful.' [16:02] ‘So as we age, the production of NAD is declining. So this means that there is less NAD available for sirtuins to use as their fuel to do their job.' [39:52] ‘There are so many collagen supplements on the market, but not all of them are efficient. And actually not all of them are being absorbed properly because when you do take collagen orally, basically, it's broken down into amino acids in your digestive system. And then those amino acids may or may not be used to produce more collagen.' [47:56] ‘We're all on this road of re-educating ourselves and don't go for perfection. Just go for better, I think is a message as well, you don't have to be perfect.' [52:22] ‘With regards to the longevity field, I think that it's very important for people to understand that there is no such thing as the fountain of youth. There is no one supplement that you're going to take that is going to do everything for you.' [56:40] ‘If your melatonin is disrupted, then you will have less defense against reactive oxygen species and that there is another plethora of processes that melatonin is also implicated in and then you don't have all these benefits. And then you're basically aging faster… Takeaway message from today's podcasts. Make sure that you go to sleep early, everyone.' About Dr Elena Dr Elena Seranova is a scientist, serial entrepreneur and business mentor. She has now founded multiple innovative biotechnological businesses. She first studied at the University of Ioannina with a major in Psychology. Dr Elena then started a private practice before developing an interest in neuroscience. She continued her studies and earned her Master's Degree in Translational Neuroscience at the University of Sheffield. She now also holds a Doctorate Degree in Stem Cell Biology and Autophagy from the University of Birmingham. Dr Elena's expertise in these fields has led her to become the co-founder of a biotech start-up, SkyLab Bio. She has written several peer-reviewed articles on autophagy throughout her career. In addition to these accomplishments, she started her latest business, NMN Bio. Her own experiences with the use of supplements have inspired her to expand the market to supply the public with cutting-edge anti-ageing supplements. NMN Bio reaches New Zealand, the UK, and Europe. Dr Elena found her passion for drug discovery and autophagy. She has endeavoured to share this with the public through her research and work as an entrepreneur. To learn more about Dr Elena and her work, visit NMN Bio. Enjoy The Podcast? If you did, be sure to subscribe and share it with your friends! Post a review and share it! If you enjoyed tuning in, then leave us a review. You can also share this with your family and friends so they can know how to optimise sleep. Have any questions? You can contact me through email (support@lisatamati.com) or find me on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube. For more episode updates, visit my website. You may also tune in on Apple Podcasts. To pushing the limits, Lisa
This episode we finish off the 2 part series around longevity and your health span, covering other adversities we can expose our self too to increase our health span, upregulate our AMPK, Sirtuin genes and downregulate our mTOR genes. Plus so much more. So Tune into this episode and Become Limitless! Don't forget to share this podcast with friends and family, you can find the Become Limitless podcast in Spotify or apple podcast. Feel free to send a voice message in via the link below. Message Also Subscribe for early access and exclusive content, plus access to a private Become Limitless Facebook Group, where you can connect and chat to like minded people. Subscribe Also don't forget to check out our Facebook page, Instagram and our website. Links below. Web Page Facebook Instagram Stay Limitless! --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/becomelimitless/message
My guest today is Dr. David Gems who runs the C. Elegans Aging lab at the University College London. We had a fascinating discussion talking about emerging paradigms in the theories of aging. We discussed the hyperfunction theory or the programmatic theory of aging which gives a better integrated understanding of the different theories of aging that have been presented such as damage accumulation, evolutionary, antagonistic pleiotropy. It has been assumed that molecular damage is always the cause of aging, but the programmatic theory of aging shows that that might not be the case. We also discussed his critique of the hallmarks of aging and how there should be a better paradigm for the aging field. Lastly, we also discussed how research from his lab on C. Elegans might explain some of the conflict around whether sirtuins affect lifespan and how C. Elegans also show versions of this programmatic theory of aging, which can give us a better understanding of how to study aging. Note: There is a point in the conversation (40:41) where David pulls up some slides to better explain the Multifactorial Model of Aging. So if you are listening to the audio version, you might want to refer to YouTube or the show notes. All platforms / Episode Show Notes: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/p/dgems Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/livelongerworld Find the previous podcast episodes & subscribe to be notified: https://www.livelongerworld.com/podcast DR. DAVID GEMS LINKS: Lab Website: https://www.ucl.ac.uk/~ucbtdag/DGHistory.html LIVE LONGER WORLD LINKS: Website: https://www.livelongerworld.com/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/livelongerworld Newsletter: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/ Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/longevityfuture/ Patreon page: https://www.patreon.com/livelongerworld Podcast All Platforms: https://anchor.fm/livelongerworld YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/c/LiveLongerWorld Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/3eZAoAp Spotify: https://spoti.fi/3eZB6O5 Google Podcasts: https://bit.ly/3HN0keG Premium Subscriber Benefits: https://www.livelongerworld.com/premium TIMESTAMPS: 00:00 Live Longer World 00:25 David Gems Intro 1:47 History of the theories of aging 12:23 Hyperfunction / Programmatic Theory of Aging 24:57 Programmatic Theory of Aging in C. Elegans 36:59 Hyperfunction theory of Aging in Humans 40:41 Multifactorial Model of Aging 50:32 Mutation in C. Elegans affecting Sirtuin research? 59:57 Sirtuin research in humans & conflicting sirtuin research 1:04:44 Metformin affects the gut microbiome 1:07:41 Critique of the Hallmarks of Aging 1:16:12 Disruption in Early Life could lead to Aging related diseases 1:24:23 Support, share, and follow Live Longer World To find links to David Gems research discussed, please refer to the show notes: https://livelongerworld.substack.com/p/dgems Thanks for listening & if you enjoy the episode, please leave a review on Apple podcasts, support on Patreon, subscribe & share! Stay in good health - Aastha.
Slowing aging , preserving memory, and preserving energy are big topics of concern in medicine and health care. Over the past 10 years research and development has show a special interest in how to modify Sirtuin-1 as a protein for longevity and slowing the disease process. A cofactor of Sirtuin-1 named Nicotinamide Adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is of particular interest. NAD seems to be depleted as we age and thus turning down Sirtuin-1 activity. This means accelerated aging. The study of how to modify NAD is blossoming much thanks to the work of David Sinclair, Phd. And, supplements, dietary modifications , and lifestyle moves are being studies and marketed to modify this pathway. I have been hesitant to jump into this world due the hype; so I brought back an expert in this space Dr. Chris Meletis to help translate the science for practical application. We discuss the different forms of NAD precursors such as Nicotinamide Riboside (NR) and Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) as well discuss things like fasting, ketogenic diets, and exercise. About Dr. Meletis: Dr. Chris D. Meletis is an educator, international author and lecturer. His personal mission is “Changing World's Health One Person at a Time.” He believes that when people become educated about their body, that is the moment when change begins. He has authored over a dozen books and in excess of 200 national scientific articles in such journals and magazines as Natural Health, Alternative and Complementary Therapies, Townsend Letter for Doctors and Patients, Life Extension, Natural Pharmacy and the Journal of Restorative Medicine Dr. Meletis served as Dean of Naturopathic Medicine and Chief Medical Officer for 7 years at NUNM, the oldest naturopathic medical school in North America. He has received numerous awards including, Physician of the Year by the American Association of Naturopathic Physicians; Excellence Award for his work in treating and advocating for the medically underserved; and most recently a NUNM Hall of Fall award at the State Association's annual banquet. His passion for helping the underprivileged drove him to spearhead the creation of 16 free natural medicine healthcare clinics in the Portland metropolitan area of Oregon. He is a medical consultant for Tru Niagen among other companies and is considered an expert in mitochondrial health and organic acid testing. Links: Website: https://drmeletis.com/#about Tru niagen lecture #aging #longevity #nad #metabolism #sirt1 --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/adam-rinde/message
I know we've all heard of the old saying “What doesn't kill you makes you stronger” but have you ever wondered if science could open our eyes to what exactly this means? I've wondered this, and it led me to this week's Brain Fact Friday where we will explore hormesis or the idea that “short, intermittent bursts of stressors can actually trigger a cascade of cellular processes that enhance overall health, slow aging, and make you more resilient to future stress (both physical and mental).”[i] On this episode you will learn: ✔︎ How our cells respond to short, intermittent periods of stress. ✔︎ A look into 2 pathways that are important for longevity (The Sirtuin and mTOR). ✔︎ 4 Ways to boost our health, using hormesis or stress, making us physically and mentally stronger. For those new, or returning guests, welcome back! I'm Andrea Samadi, author, and educator from Toronto, Canada, now in Arizona, and like many of you who tune in, have been fascinated with learning, understanding, and applying the most current brain research to improve productivity in our schools, our sports, and workplace environments. The purpose of this podcast is to take the mystery out of this new discipline that backs our learning with simple neuroscience to make it applicable for us all to use right away, for immediate results. I had no idea while initially researching for this episode that neuroscientist and tenured professor in the Department of Neurobiology at the Stanford University School of Medicine, Dr. Andrew Huberman, would be hosting Dr. David Sinclair[ii] (a Professor in the Department of Genetics from Harvard Medical School) on the Huberman Lab Podcast this week, and covering this very topic on “The Biology of Slowing and Reversing Aging”[iii] where the idea of hormesis was discussed throughout. I do recommend this episode for those who want to take a deeper dive into the science of anti-aging, longevity and the fascinating work that Dr. David Sinclair is doing in this field, in addition to Dr. Peter Attia's Podcast, The Drive, on “Dr. Sinclair, Ph.D. Slowing Aging, sirtuins, NAD, and the epigenetics of aging.”[iv] If you are listening to this, and thinking “What? She's lost me! What is she even talking about? Slowing down the ageing process? What is NAD and what are sirtuins?” Just remember to keep an open mind--this podcast focuses on looking for the research from the most reputable place (Pubmed.gov), learn what the experts in the field have to say about what they are discovering, and then we break down the research in smaller pieces, so that we can all make it applicable in our daily life, whether we've taken a neuroscience course, or not. What I've learned from studying closely with neuroscience researcher Mark Robert Waldman the past few years, is that we must be open to what the research says and keep our egos (and judgements) out of whatever it is we want to prove. I'm working hard on an abstract that supports the importance of educational neuroscience as a new discipline in our schools, versus the old model of learning, and although there is research that supports my hypothesis, it's still a new field, and I must remember what Dr. Sinclair tells his students, that “most things we thought were true are not…or will change over time.”[v] I'm now on my third revision of this abstract, because it's not easy to step away from what we want to believe, and leave it up in the air, because we might be wrong about everything, when it comes to looking at life through the lens of a scientist. Just keep an open mind, especially when you hear that Dr. Sinclair, now at the forefront of anti-aging research, after all the criticism he's received over the years, is in the late stages of clinical trials of working on something that mimics exercise in a pill to speed up metabolism. The next few years are going to really blow our minds with what is possible, and I hope that we can all embrace new ideas, with open minds and make the needed change with what we learn from the research, whether it's in the classroom like I'd like to see with new models of learning backed by neuroscience, or in the modern workplace. Moving into Season 7 of this podcast in the New Year, with a focus on Brain-Health and Well-Being, I won't always be looking for speakers and authors who are discovering what we already know. I'm looking for people like Dr. Sinclair, who will stretch us to think in ways we've never thought before, to do what we once thought was impossible, showing us that we have powerful reservoirs of mental and physical strength, that we can tap into when needed. Now that fascinates me and is what will motivate me to keep learning more to share with you here. With that said, I wanted this week's Brain Fact Friday to tie into last week's episode to improve our mental and physical health, since according to a recent survey from the American Psychiatric Association, “almost 70 million adults resolve to find ways to improve their mental and physical health this coming year”[vi] and while looking for ideas, I saw a graphic I created last year that caught my attention. The graphic was about using “hormesis” as a stressor to make us stronger. I know how important hormesis is for our mental strength, by choosing to stretch ourselves beyond what we think we are capable of and had heard of strategies that use hormesis like exposing our body to extreme cold (with ice baths), or extreme heat (with saunas), with exercise, (and HIIT) and even intermittent fasting, but I didn't know what exactly this stress was doing for me on a cellular level. What does hormesis or this intermittent stress and adversity do to our cells that makes us physically and mentally stronger? This brings us to this week's Brain Fact Friday. DID YOU KNOW THAT: “We have 2 pathways that are important to longevity—the Sirtuin (the pathway we want to activate for health and longevity) and mTOR System (where too much activity causes disease in the body)[vii] showing us the importance of understanding the key regulators of ageing and age-related diseases?[viii] This episode will focus on the Sirtuin Pathway, giving us hope that even when our cells become damaged, the Sirtuins help unwrap and put back together the unraveled, damaged DNA. To me, it's just like the neuroplastic brain that can also repair itself depending how we live our life, and is refreshing to know that we have tremendous control over our future physical, mental health and well-being, and our resilience to stress. There are ways that we can naturally boost the Sirtuin genes, opening them up, making them more active, giving us more energy, turning on all our bodies' natural defenses, and in essence, slowing down the aging process, bringing our attention inside our body, down to the cellular level, helping us to understand why certain hormetic behaviors are good for us, and others that do not involve this stressor, are not. Dr. David Sinclair, a leading expert in the field of anti-aging reminds us that “our bodies were designed to respond to adversity…and we've removed it from our lives because it feels good (or it's easier)—but we need adversity to be resilient and fight disease.”[ix] So, this year, as we are looking for NEW ways to boost our mental and physical health, I challenge you to start by thinking of the science behind hormesis, adversity and challenge and stretch our minds to try something new, something that challenges us, makes us uncomfortable (for short periods of time) yet has the potential to yield to outstanding health, and wellness benefits to take us to new heights in the New Year. Please do consult with your doctor before trying anything new and remember that “you can change your epigenome (our loops of DNA) by how we live our life more than anything our genes give us. 80% is epigenetic (our behaviors and environment can cause changes that affect the way our genes work).” (Dr. Sinclair) I want us to look deeper into why these strategies, that involve some sort of intermittent stress (hormesis) can make us physically and mentally stronger. Improving the Sirtuin/Longevity Pathway to Reduce Aging by: Strategy 1: Choosing Workouts That Challenge You If you have ever hired a personal trainer, it's not usually because you don't know what to do, it's usually the how part that we are missing, the need for someone to push us past where we usually would stop on our own so that we push ourselves enough that to damage our muscle fibers, preparing them to rebuild themselves stronger than they were before. I did mention on episode #114 that “when we put our body under stress, like we do with exercise, that BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor--which is like fertilizer for the brain) upregulates, triggering the growth of cells to meet the increased mental demands of the movement.”[x] When thinking about how to receive the benefits of exercise for improved cognition and well-being, be sure to pick workouts that challenge you, or push you beyond where you would usually stop on your own. “You can choose HIIT (high intensity interval training) where you go all out for 30 seconds to a minute, followed by 15 seconds of rest to experience hormesis. During these intense bursts, your muscles are briefly starved for oxygen, (hypoxia) which stimulates the production of mitochondria (the powerhouse of the cell.)”[xi] It's this brief period of stress that “improves the capacity of the cells to withstand greater stress.”[xii] Strategy 2: Using Saunas, Cryotherapy or Ice Baths For someone who finds anything below 80 degrees freezing, I've not yet tried extreme cold, with ice baths or cryotherapy[xiii] for pain relief, muscle healing, and improving the sirtuin pathway to reduce aging, but many people I know swear by this practice. Until I'm brave enough to try this, I'll stick to ice-packs, but wonder if you have tried this strategy to speed up healing? I'll say that sitting in a sauna is a lot like Arizona summers, and not difficult when you do this often enough to get used to those higher temperatures. The only challenge with this one, is that most of us don't have a sauna in our home. I remember a friend of mine from Toronto, from Finland, swore by a sauna in his home, and I thought of him when I first heard of using heat stress to “trigger a thermoregulatory response”[xiv] if used regularly. Since I want to make use of the research I discover, I did investigate how expensive it would be to put a small sauna in your home, and Costco[xv] does carry them for a reasonable price. Might be something for next year's Christmas wish list, or worth saving up for. Strategy 3: The Benefits of Intermittent Fasting Pioneer in anti-aging, Dr. Sinclair noticed that “our clock is ticking faster by always being fed…and it's not important WHAT we eat, but WHEN we eat during the day.”[xvi] I've been practicing this strategy since discovering Jason Whittrock from EPISODE #94[xvii] in 2016 but didn't understand the science behind fasting back then. Remember that Dr. Sinclair reminded us that “our bodies are designed to respond to adversity” and “when we are hungry, we turn on these adversity, hormetic genes that are called longevity genes—and they make the body fight against aging and diseases,”[xviii] even increasing your mental focus. The problem in America is that most of us don't allow ourselves to get to the point of hunger where all the benefits are. There are fast food restaurants on every corner to prevent us from starving to death, but I think, this strategy is freeing, giving you so much more extra time and energy that you will never want to give up again once you become free from “needing” to eat. If you want to start this practice, and don't know where to begin, just skip one meal a day with either breakfast or dinner. No one ever said we “need to eat 3 meals a day” so you'll notice some paradigms shifting as you try this. I noticed a marked difference with my health after incorporating this strategy, but it took some time to get used to it. The key is to get past the first 2-3 weeks or so when you think “I need to eat something” and learn to get past the hunger feeling. It does go away. Everyone is different, and so I'll let you know what works best for me, but that might not work for you. You have to play around these strategies and discover for yourself what will work best for your situation. I started with fasting Sunday through Wednesday with a 16-hour non-eating window from 5:30pm-9:30am and 8-hour eating window from 9:30am-5:30pm back in 2016. I only drank water, tea or coffee in the non-eating window, and ate fairly clean in the 8 hour eating window, and chose only 4 days a week to do this, so that my body wouldn't get used to it and adapt. With time, I began to trust that my body had stores of energy that it would use up, until it was fed or fueled again. It just became my way of life, and who knew it was a longevity strategy! I had no idea. I usually exercise early morning with an empty stomach and have never once felt lightheaded or shaky with strenuous exercise on an empty stomach. Just monitor how you feel and adjust this strategy to work for you and your schedule, knowing that over time, your body gets used to whatever you are doing, so you'll need to continue to switch it up. Strategy 4: Taking Dietary Supplements (Resveratrol, NMN and Berberine) with Food Every year I look for what I can add to my health regime to strengthen it and I look for what others are doing in the health and wellness industry. If you've been following this podcast for awhile, you will know that I've been a longtime fan of Dave Asprey and his bulletproof coffee, so after listening to Dr. Huberman's podcast[xix], I decided I would try all 3 supplements they discussed (Resveratrol, NMN and Berberine) since both Dr. Huberman and Dr. Sinclair talked about the benefits of each one on health and longevity. This strategy I've not tried yet, but I put the link in the resource section for these 3 supplements on AMAZON and suggest that you do some research yourself before buying anything. Aha Moment and Paradigm Shift With This Strategy: Dr. Sinclair mentioned that in the fine print of his study with mice that he gave Resveratrol to, that when they gave this supplement to the mice every day, that the only thing that happened was that the mice were protected against a fatty Western diet. They had no noticeable lifespan extension. But for the mice they gave Resveratrol every OTHER day, they lived over 3 years (which is a long time for lab mice), showing him that there are benefits to NOT taking the same thing every day. This blew my mind, as I'm a creature of habit, and take the same thing every day. With this research in mind, I'm going to create a new plan of what supplements to take and when. Just like exercise, supplement use needs to be alternated so my body doesn't get used to what I'm taking. Just a bit more about the 3 supplements Dr. Sinclair has studied and noted to be anti-aging that I want to try this year: Resveratrol: Dr. Sinclair suggests taking 1,000 mg a day that this “must come from a supplement and not from drinking wine, or you would have to drink 200 glasses/day to get the right amount.” I'm sure we have all heard of the health benefits of resveratrol, that it (may lower blood pressure, has a positive effect on blood fats, lengthens the lifespan of certain animals, protects the brain, may suppress cancer cells)[xx] so I'm going to try it to see what I notice. NMN: 1000 mg/day Nicotinamide Mononucleotide to protect against heart disease, lower risk of obesity, enhance and maintains DNA repair, and slow down the rate of aging[xxi] by enhancing NAD levels in the body, an important coenzyme found in all living cells that plays a role in promoting health and prolonging lifespan “but these levels decline as we get older, or obese.”[xxii] Dr. Huberman and Dr. Sinclair suggested taking 1,000 mg of NMN to fuel the NAD molecule that also fuels Resveratrol to work in the body. It seems this one works best with Resveratrol since it increases those important NAD levels in the body that we need to live, and since numerous studies have demonstrated that “boosting NAD+ levels increases insulin sensitivity, reverses mitochondrial dysfunction, and extends lifespan”[xxiii] I'm definitely going to add this supplement to my health care regime in the New Year. Berberine: Dr. Sinclair called this the “poor man's Metformin” Metformin is a drug given to people with diabetes. I used to take metformin for another purpose and had no idea this drug had additional benefits of protecting against heart disease, cancer, frailty and dementia. If you are taking it, then just know there are these additional benefits, and if you don't have access to it, there's always Berberine, a powerful supplement with many benefits at the molecular level like “it's been shown to lower blood sugar, cause weight loss and improve heart health.”[xxiv] Longevity expert, Dr. Sinclair takes these 3 supplements daily, with a bit of olive oil and vinegar, with a basil leaf, and says it tastes like he's drinking a bit of salad dressing, which sounds wonderful, but I'll let you know when I try it out! To review this week's Brain Fact Friday: DID YOU KNOW THAT: “We have 2 pathways that are important to longevity—the Sirtuin (the pathway we want to activate for health and longevity) and mTOR System (where too much activity causes disease in the body) that are key regulators of ageing and age-related diseases[xxv] and we can do things that positively impact the Sirtuin genes, by choosing challenge boosting hormetic activities, opening these Sirtuin genes up, making them more active, giving us more energy, turning on all our bodies' natural defenses, and impacting the rate of aging. Whatever strategy we choose (workouts that challenge us, heat/cold exposure, intermittent fasting, or supplements that target anti-aging, my hope is that we now have a different picture of why we are using hormesis to build a better, stronger, more resilient version of ourselves that embraces adversity head on, and full force. Just like when we have peered inside our neuroplatic brain and learned something new on other episodes, we have now looked deep into the longevity of our cells, and understand why hormesis doesn't kill them, but only makes them stronger! Have a safe, happy and healthy New Year and I'll see you next year for the start of Season 7! FOLLOW ANDREA SAMADI: YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/c/AndreaSamadi Website https://www.achieveit360.com/ LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/samadi/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/Achieveit360com Neuroscience Meets SEL Facebook Group https://www.facebook.com/groups/2975814899101697 Twitter: https://twitter.com/andreasamadi Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/andreasamadi/ RESOURCES: NMN (Nicotinamide mononucleotide as an anti-aging health product) August 11, 2011 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2090123221001491 NMN Supplement on AMAZON https://www.amazon.com/Nicotinamide-Mononucleotide-Supplement-Metabolism-Capsules/dp/B079S3XF4H The Science Behind NMN: A Stable, Reliable NAD+ Activator and Ant-Aging Molecule by Christopher Shade Feb. 2020 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7238909/#sec1-2title The mTOR Pathway August 31, 2016 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GSx9ryXzCFE REFERENCES: [i] Hormesis: Meet the Stress That Makes You Physically and Mentally Stronger Feb. 28, 2021 by Stephanie Eckelkamp https://amp.mindbodygreen.com/articles/hormesis [ii] https://sinclair.hms.harvard.edu/people/david-sinclair [iii] Huberman Lab Podcast with Dr. David Sinclair EPISODE #52 https://hubermanlab.com/dr-david-sinclair-the-biology-of-slowing-and-reversing-aging/ [iv] Peter Attia, MD “The Drive” EPISODE #27 with Dr. Sinclair, Ph.D. on “Slowing Aging, sirtuins, NAD, and the epigenetics of aging” Published on YouTube Jan. 6th, 2020 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=edrIEC0kJv8 [v] The Backlash David Sinclair Faced by the Scientific Community Published on YouTube January 29, 2019 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jDdAI-X3y1o [vi] Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE #188 on “Putting Mental and Physical Health First” https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/brain-fact-friday-on-putting-our-mental-and-physical-health-first/ [vii] The mTOR Pathway August 31, 2016 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GSx9ryXzCFE [viii] Antioxidant Modulation of mTOR and Sirtuin Pathways in Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases by Asmaa Abdullah, Nuraqila Mohd Murshid and Suzana Makpol Published August 31, 2020 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12035-020-02083-1#:~:text=mTOR%20and%20sirtuin%20are%20key,3). [ix] Joe Rogan Podcast with Dr. David Sinclair on “How Fasting Can Fight Aging” Published on YouTube June 18, 2021 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cUwd-D94pzE [x] Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE #114 on “Building a Faster, Stronger, Resilient Brain by Understanding BDNF” https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/brain-fact-friday-on-building-a-faster-stronger-resilient-brain-by-understanding-brain-derived-neurotrophic-factor-bdnf/ [xi] Hormesis: Meet the Stress That Makes You Physically and Mentally Stronger Feb. 28, 2021 by Stephanie Eckelkamp https://amp.mindbodygreen.com/articles/hormesis [xii] Modulating Exercise-Induced Stress: Does Less Equal More? August 1, 2015 by Jonathan M Peake, James F. Markworth https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/japplphysiol.01055.2014?rss=1 [xiii] What are the benefits of cryotherapy https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319740 [xiv] Saunas for Personal Health and Longevity Strategy by Steve Hill July 22, 2021 https://www.lifespan.io/news/saunas-health-and-longevity/ [xv] 1-2 Person Infrared Sauna from Costco https://www.costco.com/dynamic-gracia-1-2-person-low-emf-infrared-sauna.product.100675807.html [xvi] Huberman Lab Podcast with Dr. David Sinclair EPISODE #52 https://hubermanlab.com/dr-david-sinclair-the-biology-of-slowing-and-reversing-aging/ [xvii]Neuroscience Meets Social and Emotional Learning Podcast EPISODE #94 with Jason Wittrock on “Nutrition, Intermittent Fasting, and the Ketogenic Diet” https://andreasamadi.podbean.com/e/personal-trainer-and-fitness-model-jason-wittrock-on-health-nutrition-intermittent-fasting-and-the-ketogenic-diet/ [xviii] Joe Rogan Podcast with Dr. David Sinclair on “How Fasting Can Fight Aging” Published on YouTube June 18, 2021 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cUwd-D94pzE [xix] Huberman Lab Podcast with Dr. David Sinclair EPISODE #52 https://hubermanlab.com/dr-david-sinclair-the-biology-of-slowing-and-reversing-aging/ [xx] 7 Health Benefits of Resveratrol by Kerri-Ann Jennings March 3, 2017 https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/resveratrol#TOC_TITLE_HDR_2 [xxi] NMN (Nicotinamide mononucleotide as an anti-aging health product) August 11, 2011 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2090123221001491 [xxii] Huberman Lab Podcast with Dr. David Sinclair EPISODE #52 https://hubermanlab.com/dr-david-sinclair-the-biology-of-slowing-and-reversing-aging/ 59:25 [xxiii] The Science Behind NMN: A Stable, Reliable NAD+ Activator and Ant-Aging Molecule by Christopher Shade Feb. 2020 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7238909/#sec1-2title [xxiv] Berberine: A Powerful Supplement with Many Benefits by Kris Gunners January, 2017 https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/berberine-powerful-supplement [xxv] Antioxidant Modulation of mTOR and Sirtuin Pathways in Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases by Asmaa Abdullah, Nuraqila Mohd Murshid and Suzana Makpol Published August 31, 2020 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12035-020-02083-1#:~:text=mTOR%20and%20sirtuin%20are%20key,3).
References Cell Metabolism. 2016. 23, 1127–1139 Cells 2020, 9(1), 228 Front. Immunol., 31 May 2019 Int J Mol Sci. 2020 Nov; 21(22): 8609 Circ Res. 2018 Sep 14; 123(7): 868–885. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Mar; 20(5): 1223 --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/support
Sağlık ve sağlıkla ilgili kavramları daha iyi anlamak için bir seri hazırladım. Üçüncü bölümde genlerimizle sağlık durumumuz ve uzun yaşam arasındaki ilişkiden bahsediyorum. #sağlıkserisi #sağlık 00:00 Giriş 00:45 Hastalıklarda genetiğimizin rolü nedir? 02:42 Genlerimiz sağlamsa uzun yaşar mıyız? 05:10 Kötü genler kaderimiz mi? Kaderimizi değiştirebilir miyiz? 06:42 Sirtuin 06:59 AGE 09:19 TOR 11:12 Telomer 12:35 Özet ve Kapanış
How do you handle stressful situations? Everyone's built a little different — some people can take their hits on the chin and come out smiling. But not everyone can take those hits. The pandemic has taken its mental toll on so many people. Others might still be struggling with past traumas and dealing with anxiety. Their situation keeps them in a state of constant worry and hypervigilance. That state of mind doesn't only harm their mental and emotional health — it can make them sick and more prone to physical diseases. More than ever, it's time to begin mental healing from past traumas, so we can better cope with our daily stresses. Dr Don Wood joins us again in this episode to talk about the TIPP program and how it facilitates mental healing. He explains how our minds are affected by traumas and how these can affect our health and performance. If we want to become more relaxed, we need to learn how to go into the alpha brainwave state. Since mental healing is not an immediate process, Dr Don also shares some coping strategies we can use in our daily lives. If you want to know more about how neuroscience can help you achieve mental healing, then this episode is for you. Here are three reasons why you should listen to the full episode: Learn how trauma can put you in a constant state of survival and affect your performance and daily life. Understand that it's not your fault. Achieving mental healing will require you to learn how to go into an alpha brainwave state. Discover healthy habits that will keep you from entering survival mode. Resources Gain exclusive access and bonuses to Pushing the Limits Podcast by becoming a patron! A new program, BOOSTCAMP, is coming this September at Peak Wellness! Listen to other Pushing the Limits episodes: #183: Sirtuin and NAD Supplements for Longevity with Dr Elena Seranova #189: Understanding Autophagy and Increasing Your Longevity with Dr Elena Seranova #199: How Unresolved Trauma Prevents You from Having a Healthy Life With Dr Don Wood Check out Dr Don Wood's books: Emotional Concussions: Understanding How Our Nervous System is Affected By Events and Experiences Throughout Our Life You Must Be Out Of Your Mind: We All Need A Reboot Connect with Dr Don Wood: Inspired Performance Institute I Facebook I LinkedIn Get Customised Guidance for Your Genetic Make-Up For our epigenetics health programme, all about optimising your fitness, lifestyle, nutrition and mind performance to your particular genes, go to https://www.lisatamati.com/page/epigenetics-and-health-coaching/. Customised Online Coaching for Runners CUSTOMISED RUN COACHING PLANS — How to Run Faster, Be Stronger, Run Longer Without Burnout & Injuries Have you struggled to fit in training in your busy life? Maybe you don't know where to start, or perhaps you have done a few races but keep having motivation or injury troubles? Do you want to beat last year's time or finish at the front of the pack? Want to run your first 5-km or run a 100-miler? Do you want a holistic programme that is personalised & customised to your ability, goals, and lifestyle? Go to www.runninghotcoaching.com for our online run training coaching. Health Optimisation and Life Coaching If you are struggling with a health issue and need people who look outside the square and are connected to some of the greatest science and health minds in the world, then reach out to us at support@lisatamati.com, we can jump on a call to see if we are a good fit for you. If you have a big challenge ahead, are dealing with adversity, or want to take your performance to the next level and learn how to increase your mental toughness, emotional resilience, foundational health, and more, then contact us at support@lisatamati.com. Order My Books My latest book Relentless chronicles the inspiring journey about how my mother and I defied the odds after an aneurysm left my mum Isobel with massive brain damage at age 74. The medical professionals told me there was absolutely no hope of any quality of life again. Still, I used every mindset tool, years of research and incredible tenacity to prove them wrong and bring my mother back to full health within three years. Get your copy here: https://shop.lisatamati.com/collections/books/products/relentless. For my other two best-selling books Running Hot and Running to Extremes, chronicling my ultrarunning adventures and expeditions all around the world, go to https://shop.lisatamati.com/collections/books. 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Episode Highlights [06:05] The Pandemic-Induced Mental Health Crisis The pandemic forced many people into a state of freeze mode, not the typical fight or flight response. As people get out of freeze mode, there will be a rise in mental health issues. Teenagers are robbed of the opportunity to develop social and communication skills during this time. [08:24] How Dr Don Wood Started Studying Traumas Dr Don's wife grew up in a household with an angry father who instilled fear. He used to think that she would be less anxious when they started to live together, but she struggled with mental healing. She had an inherent belief that misfortune always follows good things. Her traumas and fears also led to a lot of health issues. She also was hyper-vigilant, which she used as a protective mechanism. However, this prevented her from being relaxed and happy. A person's environment can dictate whether they go into this hyper-vigilant state, but genetics can also play a factor. [15:42] How Trauma Affects the Brain Trauma is caused by a dysregulation of the subconscious. If your brain is in survival mode, it will access data from the past and create physiological responses to them. These emotions demand action, even when it is no longer possible or necessary. This dysregulation prevents you from living in the present and initiating mental healing. In this state, people can be triggered constantly, which interferes with their day-to-day life. [21:07] The Role of the Subconscious Your conscious mind only takes up around 5%, while the subconscious takes up 95%. Your subconscious mind cannot tell the difference between real and imagined. In survival mode, people will keep replaying the past and think about different scenarios and decisions. You're left stuck because the subconscious mind only lives in the now. It does not have a concept of time. This process is the brain trying to protect you. [25:04] What Happens When You're Always in Survival Mode Being in survival mode will take a physical toll since it's constantly activating the nervous system, increasing cortisol and adrenaline. When you're in this state, your body and mind cannot work on maintenance and recovery. It is more focused on escaping or fixing perceived threats. Over time, this will affect your immune system and make you sick. To truly achieve mental healing, you need to get to the root cause of your problems. However, you also have to develop coping strategies to manage your day-to-day activities. [30:18] Changing Your Brainwave State Traumatic events are usually stored in a beta brainwave state. Changing your response to traumatic events starts with going into an alpha brainwave state. The beta state is usually from 15 - 30 hertz, while the alpha is lower at 7 - 14 hertz. Anything below that is the delta state, usually when you're in deep meditation or sleep. People who have trouble sleeping are usually in that beta state, which keeps processing information. It's only in the delta state that your mind and body start the maintenance phase. This phase helps not only with mental healing but also physical recovery. Learn more about Lisa and Dr Don's personal experiences with these brainwave states in the full episode! [34:30] Mental Healing and Physical Recovery Starts with the Brain Recovery is about genetics and the environment. In sleep, your mind will always want to deal with the threats first. It can only get to the delta state once it finishes processing these dangers. Your risk for developing sickness and depression rises if your brain can't do maintenance. Living in the beta state will make it difficult to focus. [41:40] It's Not Your Fault If you have a lot of trauma, you are predisposed to respond in a certain way. It's not your fault. There's nothing wrong with your mind; you just experienced different things from others. Dr Don likened this situation to two phones having a different number of applications running. Predictably, the device that runs more applications will have its battery drained faster. [44:05] Change How You Respond Working on traumas requires changing the associative and repetitive memory, which repeats responses to threats. You cannot change a pattern and get mental healing immediately—it will take time. That's the reason why Dr Don's program has a 30-day recovery phase dedicated to changing your response pattern. Patterns form because the subconscious mind sees them as a beneficial way of coping with traumas. This function of your subconscious is how addictions form. [47:04] Why We Can Be Irrational The subconscious lives only in the present. It does not see the future nor the past. It will want to take actions that will stop the pain, even if the actions are not rational. At its core, addiction is all about trying to stop the pain or other traumatic experiences. Survival mode always overrides reason and logic because its priority is to protect you. [50:57] What to Do When You're in Survival State In this survival state, we're prone to movement or shutting down completely. The brain can stop calling for emotions to protect you, and this is how depression develops. When in a depressed state, start moving to initiate mental healing. Exercise helps burn through cortisol and adrenaline. Once your mind realises there's no action required for the perceived threats, the depression will lift. [53:24] Simple Actions Can Help There's nothing wrong with you. Don't just treat the symptom; go straight to the issue. Don't blame genetics or hormonal imbalances for finding it hard to get mental healing. Find out why. Also, seek things that will balance out your hormones. These can be as simple as walking in nature, taking a break, and self-care. [56:04] How to Find a Calming Symbol Find a symbol that will help you go back into the alpha brainwave state. Lisa shares that her symbol is the sunset or sunrise, and this helps her calm down. Meanwhile, Dr Don's are his home and the hawk. Having a symbol communicates to all parts of your brain that you're safe. [59:58] The Power of Breathing Stress may lead to irregular breathing patterns and increase your cortisol levels and blood sugar. Breathing exercises, like box breathing, can also help you calm down because the brain will take higher oxygen levels as a state of safety. If you're running out of oxygen, your brain will think you're still in danger. Make sure that you're breathing well. It's also better to do nasal breathing. 7 Powerful Quotes ‘The purpose of an emotion is a call for an action. So the purpose of fear is to run.' ‘People who have a lot of trauma have trouble sleeping. Because not only is their mind processing what it experienced during the day, it's also taking some of those old files saying “Well, okay, let's fix that now. Right. Let's get that.”' ‘I was getting maximum restorative sleep. So an injury that I would have that could heal in two or three days, my teammates would two or three weeks. Because they were living in these, which I didn't know, a lot of my friends were dealing with trauma: physical, emotional, sexual abuse.' ‘There's nothing wrong with anybody's mind. Everybody's mind is fine except you are experiencing something different than I experienced so your mind kept responding to it, and mine didn't have that.' ‘That dysregulation of the nervous system. That's what we want to stop because that is what is going to affect health, enjoyment of life, and everything else.' ‘I talked about addiction as a code. I don't believe it's a disease. Your mind has found a resource to stop pains and your subconscious mind is literal. It doesn't see things as good or bad, or right or wrong.' ‘If there's a survival threat, survival will always override reason and logic because it's designed to protect you.' About Dr Don Dr Don Wood, PhD, is the CEO of The Inspired Performance Institute. Fueled by his family's experiences, he developed the cutting-edge neuroscience approach, TIPP. The program has produced impressive results and benefited individuals all over the world. Dr Wood has helped trauma survivors achieve mental healing from the Boston Marathon bombing attack and the Las Vegas shooting. He has also helped highly successful executives and world-class athletes. Marko Cheseto, a double amputee marathon runner, broke the world record after completing TIPP. Meanwhile, Chris Nikic worked with Dr Wood and made world news by becoming the first person with Down Syndrome to finish an Ironman competition. Interested in Dr Don's work? Check out The Inspired Performance Institute. You can also reach him on Facebook and LinkedIn. Enjoyed This Podcast? If you did, be sure to subscribe and share it with your friends! Post a review and share it! If you enjoyed tuning in, then leave us a review. You can also share this with your family and friends so they can learn steps to mental healing. Have any questions? You can contact me through email (support@lisatamati.com) or find me on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube. For more episode updates, visit my website. You may also tune in on Apple Podcasts. To pushing the limits, Lisa Transcript Of Podcast Welcome to Pushing the Limits, the show that helps you reach your full potential with your host Lisa Tamati, brought to you by lisatamati.com. Lisa Tamati: Hi, everyone and welcome back to Pushing the Limits. Today, I have Dr Don Wood who, you may recognise that name if you listen to the podcast regularly. He was on the show maybe a couple of months ago, and he is the CEO and founder of The Inspired Performance Institute. He's a neuroscience guy, and he knows everything there is to know about dealing with trauma and how to get the mind back on track when you've been through big, horrible life events or some such thing. Now, when we talked last time, he shared with me his methodology, the work that he's done, how he can help people with things like addictions as well and depression, and just dealing with the stresses of life, whether they be small stressors or big stressors. We got to talking about my situation and the stuff that I've been through in the last few years, which many of you listeners know, has been pretty traumatic. From losing babies, to losing my dad, to mom's journey. So I was very privileged and lucky to have Dr Don Wood actually invite me to do his program with him. We share today my stories, how I went with that, and he explains a little bit more in-depth the neuroscience behind it all and how it all works. So if you're someone who's dealing with stress, anxiety, PTSD, depression, if you want to understand how the brain works and how you can help yourself to deal with these sorts of things, then you must listen to the show. He's an absolutely lovely, wonderful person. Now, before we get over to the show, I just love you all to do a couple of things for me. If you wouldn't mind doing a rating and review of the show on Apple, iTunes or wherever you listen to this, that would be fantastic. It helps the show get found. We also have a patron program, just a reminder if you want to check that out. Come and join the mission that we're on to bring this wonderful information to reach to people. Also, we have our BOOSTCAMP program starting on the first of September 2021. If you listen to this later, we will be holding these on a regular basis so make sure you check it out. This is an eight-week live webinar series that my business partner, my best buddy, and longtime coach Neil Wagstaff and I will be running. It's more about upgrading your life and helping you perform better, helping you be your best that you can be, helping you understand your own biology, your own neuroscience, how your brain works, how your biology works. Lots of good information that's going to help you upgrade your life, live longer, be happier, reduce stress, and be able to deal with things when life is stressful. God knows we're all dealing with that. So I'd love you to come and check that out. You can go to peakwellness.co.nz/boostcamp. I also want to remind you to check us out on Instagram. I'm quite active on Instagram. I have a couple of accounts there. We have one for the podcast that we've just started. We need a few more followers please on there. Go to @pushingthelimits for that one on Instagram, and then my main account is @lisatamati, if you want to check that one out. If you are a running fan, check us out on Instagram @runninghotcoaching and we're on Facebook under all of those as well. So @lisatamati, @pushingthelimits, and @runninghotcoaching. The last thing before we go over to Dr Don Wood, reminder check out, too, our longevity and anti-aging supplement. We've joined forces with Dr Elena Seranova and have NMN which is nicotinamide mononucleotide, and this is really some of that cooler stuff in the anti-aging, and longevity space. If you want to check out the science behind that, we have a couple of podcasts with her. Check those out and also head on over to nmnbio.nz. Right. Over to the show with Dr Don Wood. Hi, everyone and welcome back to Pushing the Limits. Today, I have a dear, dear friend again who's back on the show as a repeat offender, Dr Don Wood. Dr Don Wood: I didn't know I was a repeat offender. Oh, I'm in trouble. That's great. Lisa: Repeat offender on the show. Dr Don, for those who don't know, was on the show. Dr Don is a trauma expert and a neuroscientist, and someone who understands how the brain works, and why we struggle with anxiety, and depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder. We did a deep dive last time, didn't we, into the program that you've developed. Since then, everyone, I have been through Dr Don's pro program. He kindly took me through it. Today, I want to unpack a little bit of my experiences on the other side, s the client, so to speak. Talk about what I went through. Dr Don, so firstly, welcome to the show again. How's it all over in your neck of the woods? Dr Don: Well, it's awesome over here in Florida. COVID is basically non-existent. Oh, yeah. Well, in terms of the way people are treating it, that's for sure. Very few people you see in masks now, everything is pretty much wide open. You can't even get reservations at restaurants. It's unbelievable. The economy is exploding here. There's so much going on. Yeah, I know the rest of the country, a lot of different places are still struggling with whether they're going to put mask mandates back on and all this kind of stuff but Florida seems to be doing very well. Lisa: Well, I'm very glad to hear that because any bit of good news in this scenario is good because this keeps coming and biting everybody in the bum. Dr Don: I know. Especially down there. You guys are really experiencing quite severe lockdowns and things, right? Lisa: Yeah and Australia, more so. Australia has gone back into lockdown. I've got cousins in Sydney who are experiencing really hard times in Melbourne and we've stopped the trans-Tasman bubble at the moment. Trans-Tasman was open for business, so to speak, with Australians being able to come to New Zealand without quarantine, but it's been shut down again. So yeah, we're still struggling with it, and the economy is still struggling with it but actually, in our country, we've been very lucky that we've managed to keep it out because they've had such tight controls on the borders. But yes, it's a rocky road for everybody, and it's not over yet, I think. Dr Don: Looks like it's going to continue, and that's creating a lot of stress. Lisa: Oh, yeah, perfect. Dr Don: This is what I've said. I think we're coming up to a tsunami of mental health issues because a lot of people have gone into freeze mode as opposed to fight or flight. Some people are in fight or flight. You're hearing about that on airlines: people just losing it, and getting mad, and fighting with flight attendants and passengers, and you see a lot of that. But I think that's obviously not the majority. I think most people are in that mode of just get through this, do what they ask, don't cause any waves, and just get this over with. So that's a freeze mode, and I think when people come out of freeze, you're going to start to see some of these mental health issues. Lisa: Yes, I totally agree and I'm very concerned about the young people. I think that being hit very hard especially in the places that have the hardest lockdowns. If you're going through puberty, or you're going through teenagehood, or even the younger kids, I think, they're going to be affected massively by this because it's going to be a big before and after sort of situation for them. Dr Don: And just the social. When we were teenagers, social was everything, I suppose. Learning how to communicate, and talk, and get along with other people, and good and bad. There were always struggles in school with learning how to get along with everybody but that is just sort of squashed. It's going to be fascinating to see when they do a study on the real true results of this pandemic. It's going to be a lot different than many people think. Lisa: Yes, and I think the longer you ignore stuff, is we're going to see it's not just the people are unfortunately dying and being very sick from the actual COVID, but the actual effects on society are going to be big. That's why talking about the topic that we're talking about today, dealing with anxiety, and dealing with stress, and being able to actually fix the problem instead of just managing the problem, which I know you're big on. So let's dive in there, and let's recap a little bit. Just briefly go back over your story, how you got to here, and what your method sort of entails in a helicopter perspective. Dr Don: Yeah, basically how I developed this was really because of the life that my wife led first and my daughter. My wife grew up in a very traumatic household with a very angry father that created tremendous fear. So everybody was... Just constant tension in that household. When I met her, I just realised how this was so different than my life. My life was in the complete opposite: very nurturing, loving. So I didn't experience that. I thought when she started moving in and we got married at 19, we were very young, that this would all stop for her. Because now, she's living in my world, my environment, and it didn't. She just kept continuing to feel this fear that something was going to go wrong and nothing is going to go right. She struggled with enjoying things that were going well. I would say to her, 'We've got three beautiful children. We've got a beautiful home. Everything's going pretty good; nothing's perfect. You have your ups and downs, but it's generally a pretty good life.' She couldn't enjoy that because as a child, whenever things were going okay, it would quickly end and it would end, sometimes violently. So the way she was protecting herself is don't get too excited when things are going well because you'll get this huge drop. So that was what she was doing to protect herself. I just had a lady come in here a couple months ago, who very famous athlete is her husband: millionaires, got fame, fortune, everything you want, but she had a lot of health issues because of trauma from her childhood. When I explained that to her, she said, 'That's me. Your wife is me. I should be enjoying this, and I can't get there. I want to. My husband can't understand it.' But that's really what was going on for her too. Lisa: So it's a protective mechanism, isn't it? To basically not get too relaxed and happy because you've got to be hyper-vigilant, and this is something that I've definitely struggled with my entire life. Not because I had a horrible childhood. I had a wonderful childhood but I was super sensitive. So from a genetic perspective, I'm super sensitive. I have a lot of adrenaline that makes me code for, for want of a better description, I'm very emotionally empathetic but it also makes me swung by emotional stimuli very much. So someone in my environment is unhappy, I am unhappy. I'm often anxious and upset. My mum telling me she took me to Bambi. You know the movie Bambi? From Disneyland? She had to take me out of theatre. I was in distraught. That's basically me. Because Bambi's mother got killed, right? I couldn't handle that as a four-year-old, and I still can't handle things. Things like the news and stuff, I protect myself from that because I take everything on. It's even a problem and in our business service situations because I want to save the world. I very much take on my clients' issues. I'm still learning to shut gates afterwards, so to speak, when you're done working with someone so that you're not constantly... So there's a genetic component to this as well. Dr Don: Absolutely. So yours was coming from a genetic side but that's very, very common amongst people who have had a traumatic childhood. They're super sensitive. Lisa: Yes. Hyper-vigilant. Dr Don: Hyper-vigilant. That was my wife. She was constantly looking for danger. We'd come out of the storage and go: 'Can you believe how rude that clerk was?' 'What do you mean she was rude? How was she rude?' ‘You see the way she answered that question when I asked that, and then the way she stuffed the clothes in the bag?' And I'm like, 'Wow.' I never saw her like that. She was looking for it because that's how she protected herself because she had to recognise when danger was coming. So it was protection, and I hadn't experienced that so that made no sense to me; it made perfect sense to her. Lisa: Yeah, and if someone was rude to you, you would be just like, 'Well, that's their problem, not my problem, and I'm not taking it on.' Whereas for someone your wife and for me... I did have a dad who was a real hard, tough man, like old-school tough. We were very much on tenterhooks so when they came home, whether he was in a good mood today or not in a good mood. He was a wonderful, loving father but there was that tension of wanting to please dad. Mum was very calm and stable, but Dad was sort of more volatile and just up and down. It was wonderful and fun and other times, you'd be gauging all of that before he even walked in the door. That just makes you very much hyper-vigilant to everything as well. Then, you put on, on top of that, the genetic component. You've got things like your serotonin and your adrenaline. So I've got the problem with the adrenaline and a lack of dopamine. So I don't have dopamine receptors that stops me feeling satisfaction and... Well, not stops me but it limits my feeling of, 'Oh, I've done a good job today. I can relax.' Or of reward. And other people have problems, I don't have this one, but with a serotonin gene, which is they have dysregulation of their serotonin and that calm, and that sense of well-being and mood regulation is also up and down. While it's not a predisposition that you'll definitely going to have troubles because you can learn the tools to manage those neurotransmitters and things like nutrition and gut health and all that aspect. Because it's all a piece of that puzzle, but it's really just interesting, and it makes you much more understanding of people's differences. Why does one person get completely overwhelmed in a very trivial situation versus someone else who could go into war and come back and they're fine? What is it that makes one person? Then you got the whole actual neuroscience circuitry stuff, which I find fascinating, what you do. Can you explain a little bit what goes on? Say let's just pick a traumatic experience: Someone's gone through some big major trauma. What is actually going on in the brain again? Can we explain this a little bit? Dr Don: Yeah, this is one of the things that... When I did my research, I realised this is what's causing the dysregulation: is your subconscious your survival brain is fully present in the moment all the time. So everything in that part of our brain is operating in the present. which is what is supposed to be, right? They say that that's the key, that success and happiness is live in the present. Well, your survival brain does that. The problem comes in is that only humans store explicit details about events and experiences. So everything you've seen, heard, smelled, and touched in your lifetime has been recorded and stored in this tremendous memory system. Explicit memory. Animals have procedural memory or associative memory. We have that memory system too. So we have both. They only have procedural, associative. So they learn through repetition, and they learn to associate you with safety and love, but they don't store the details about it. But we store all the details about these events and experiences. So this is where this glitch is coming in. If you've got the survival brain, which is 95% of everything that's going on, operating in the present, accessing data from something that happened 10 years ago because something looks like, sounds like, smells like it again, it's creating a response to something that's not happening. It's looking at old data and creating a physiological response to it, and the purpose of an emotion is a call for an action. So the purpose of fear is to run, to escape a threat. But there's no threat. It's just information about the threat. That disrupts your nervous system and then that creates a cascade of chemical reactions in your body because your mind thinks there's an action required. Lisa: This is at the crux of the whole system really, isn't it? This is this call for action to fix a problem that is in the past that cannot be fixed in the now. So if we can dive a little bit into my story, and I'm quite open on the show. I'm sharing the good, the bad, and the ugly. When I was working with Dr Don, I've been through a very, very traumatic few years really. Lost my dad, first and foremost, last July, which was the biggest trauma of my life. And it was a very difficult process that we went through before he died as well. And there's a lift, as you can imagine, my brain in a state of every night nightmares, fighting for his life, he's dying over, and over, and over, and over again. Those memories are intruding into my daily life, whereas in anything and at any time, I could be triggered and be in a bawling state in the middle of the car park or the supermarket. Because something's triggered me that Dad liked to to buy or Dad, whatever the case was, and this was becoming... It's now a year after the event but everything was triggering me constantly. Of course, this is draining the life out of you and interfering with your ability to give focus to your business, to your family, to your friends, every other part of your life. I'd also been through the trauma of bringing Mum back from that mess of aneurysm that everyone knows about. The constant vigilance that is associated with bringing someone back and who is that far gone to where she is now, and the constant fear of her slipping backwards, and me missing something, especially in light of what I'd been through with my father. So I'd missed some things, obviously. That's why he ended up in that position and through his own choices as well. But this load, and then losing a baby as well in the middle, baby Joseph. There was just a hell of a lot to deal with in the last five years. Then, put on top of it, this genetic combination of a hot mess you got sitting before you and you've got a whole lot of trauma to get through. So when we did the process, and I was very, super excited to do this process because it was so intrusive into my life, and I realised that I was slowly killing myself because I wasn't able to stop that process from taking over my life. I could function. I was highly functional. No one would know in a daily setting, but only because I've got enough tools to keep my shit together. so to speak. But behind closed doors, there's a lot of trauma going on. So can you sort of, just in a high level, we don't want to go into the details. This is a four-hour program that I went through with Dr Don. What was going on there. and what did you actually help me with? Dr Don: So when you're describing those things that were happening to you, what was actually happening to your mind is it was not okay with any of that. It wanted it to be different, right? So it was trying to get you into a state of action to stop your father from dying: Do it differently. Because it kept reviewing the data. It was almost looking at game tape from a game and saying 'Oh, had we maybe run the play that way, we would have avoided the tackle here.' So what your mind was saying 'Okay, run that way.' Well, you can't run that way. This is game tape. Right? But your mind doesn't see it as game tape. It sees it as real now, so it's run that way. So it keeps calling you into an action. And especially with your dad because you were thinking about, 'Why didn't I do this?' Or 'Had I just done this, maybe this would have happened.' What your mind was saying is, 'Okay, let's do it. Let's do that.' What you just thought about. But you can't do that. It doesn't exist. It's information about something that happened but your mind sees it as real. That's why Hollywood have made trillions of dollars because they can convince you something on the screen is actually happening. That's why we cry in a movie or that's why we get scared in a movie. Because your mind, your subconscious mind cannot tell the difference between real or imagined. So that's actually happening. You were just talking about the movie with Bambi, right? When you were little. 'Why is nobody stopping this from happening?' So your mind was not okay with a lot of these things that were happening, and it kept calling you to make a difference. That's what I never understood my wife doing. That before I really researched this, my wife would always be saying, 'Don't you wish this hadn't have happened?' Or 'Don't you wish we hadn't done this?' What I didn't understand at the time, because I used to just get like, 'Okay, whatever.' She'd go, 'Yeah, but wouldn't it have been better?' She wanted to get me into this play with her, this exercise. Lisa: This is going on in her head. Dr Don: Because it's going on in her head, and she's trying to feel better. So she's creating these scenarios that would make her feel like, 'Well, if I had just done that, gosh that would have been nice, thinking about that life.' And her mind seeing that going, 'Oh, that would be nice. Well, let's do that. Yes.' So she was what if-ing her life. And it was something that she did very early as a child because that's how she just experienced something traumatic with her father. In her mind, she'd be going, 'Well, what if I had to just left 10 minutes earlier, and I had have escaped that?' Or 'What if I hadn't done this?' So that's what she was doing. It made no sense to me because I hadn't experienced her life, but that's what she was doing. Her mind was trying to fix something. It's never tried to hurt you. It was never, at any point, trying to make you feel bad. It was trying to protect you. Lisa: Its job is to protect you from danger and it sees everything as you sit in the now so it's happening now. I love that analogy of these... What was it? Two-thirds of the car or something and... Dr Don: So goat and snowflake? Lisa: Goat and snowflake. And they're going off to a meeting and they're late. And what does the goat says to snowflake or the other way around? Dr Don: So snowflake, which is your conscious mind, your logical reasonable part of your mind, there's only 5, says the goat 95%, which is your subconscious mind. Who runs into a traffic jam says, 'Oh, we're going to be late. We should have left 15 minutes earlier.' To which goat replies 'Okay, let's do it. Let's leave 15 minutes earlier because that would solve the problem.' Lisa: That analogy is stuck in my head because you just cannot... It doesn't know that it's too late and you can't hop into the past because it only lives in the now. This is 95% of how our brain operates. That's why we can do things like, I was walking, I was at a strategy meeting in Auckland with my business partner two days ago. We were walking along the road and he suddenly tripped and fell onto the road, right? My subconscious reacted so fast, I grabbed him right, and punched him in the guts. I didn't mean to do that but my subconscious recognised in a millimeter of a second, millionth of a second, that he was falling and I had to stop him. So this is a good side of the survival network: stopping and falling into the traffic or onto the ground. But the downside of it is that brain is operating only in the now and it can't... Like with my father, it was going 'Save him. Save him. Save him. Why are you not saving him?' Then that's calling for an action, and then my body is agitated. The cortisol level's up. The adrenaline is up, and I'm trying to do something that's impossible to fix. That can drive you to absolute insanity when that's happening every hour, every day. Dr Don: Then that's taking a physical toll on your body because it's activating your nervous system, which is now, the cortisol levels are going up, adrenaline, right? So when your mind is in that constant state, it does very little on maintenance. It is not worried about fixing anything; it's worried about escaping or fixing the threat, because that's the number one priority. Lisa: It doesn't know that it's not happening. I ended up with shingles for two months. I've only just gotten over it a few weeks ago. That's a definite sign of my body's, my immune system is down. Why is it down? Why can that virus that's been sitting dormant in my body for 40-something years suddenly decide now to come out? Because it's just becoming too much. I've spent too long in the fight or flight state and then your immune system is down. This is how we end up really ill. Dr Don: We get sick. I was just actually having lunch today with a young lady and she's got some immune system issues. And I said, 'Think about it like the US Army, US military is the biggest, strongest military in the world. But if you took that military and you spread it out amongst 50 countries around the world fighting battles, and then somebody attacks the United States, I don't care how big and strong that system was, that military system was. It's going to be weakened when it gets an attack at the homefront.' So that's what was happening. So all of a sudden, now that virus that it could fight and keep dormant, it lets it pass by because it's like, 'Well, we can let that go. We'll catch that later. Right now, we got to go on the offensive and attack something else.' Lisa: Yeah, and this is where autoimmune, like your daughter experienced... Dr Don: About the Crohn's? Yep. Lisa: Yep. She experienced that at 13 or something ridiculous? Dr Don: 14, she got it. Then she also got idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis which is another lung autoimmune disorder where the iron in the blood would just cause the lungs to release the blood. So her lungs just starts filling up with blood. They had no idea what caused it, that's the idiopathic part of it, and they just basically said, ‘There's no cure. She just needs to live close to a hospital because she'll bleed out if she has another attack.' Only 1 in 1.2 million people ever get that. So it's very rare so there's no research being done for it. They just basically say, ‘If you get it, live close to a hospital.' That's the strategy. Lisa: That's the way of fixing it. Dr Don: And so both of those are autoimmune, and ever since we've gone to the program, she's hasn't had a flare-up of either one of those. Because I think our system is directly now able to address those things. Lisa: Yeah, and can calm down. I think even people who haven't got post-traumatic stress like I've had or whatever, they've still got the day to day grind of life, and the struggle with finances, and the mortgage to be paid, and the kids to feed, and whatever dramas we're all going through. Like we talked about with COVID and this constant change that society is undergoing, and that's going to get faster and more. So this is something that we all need to be wary of: That we're not in this. I've taught and learned a lot about the coping and managing strategies, the breathing techniques, and meditation, the things, and that's what's kept me, probably, going. Dr Don: Those are great because they're... Again, that's managing it but it's good to have that because you've got to get to the root of it, which is what we were working on. But at the same time, if you don't have any coping, managing skills, life gets very difficult. Lisa: Yeah, and this is in-the-moment, everyday things that I can do to help manage the stress levels, and this is definitely something you want to talk about as well. So with me, we went through this process, and we did... For starters, you had to get my brain into a relaxed state, and it took quite a long time to get my brainwaves into a different place. So what were we doing there? How does that work with the brainwave stuff? Dr Don: Well, when we have a traumatic event or memory, that has been stored in a very high-resolution state. So in a beta brainwave state because all your senses are heightened: sight, smell, hearing. So it's recording that and storing it in memory in a very intense state. So if I sat down with you and said, 'Okay, let's get this fixed.' And I just started trying to work directly on that memory, you're still going to be in a very high agitated state because we're going to be starting to talk about this memory. So you're going to be in a beta brainwave state trying to recalibrate a beta stored memory. That's going to be very difficult to do. So what we do is, and that's why I use the four hours because within that first an hour and a half to two hours, we're basically communicating with the subconscious part of the brain by telling stories, symbols with metaphors, goat and snowflake, all the stories, all the metaphors that are built-in because then your brain moves into an alpha state. When it's in alpha, that's where it does restoration. So it's very prepared to start restoring. And then, if you remember, by the time we got to a couple of the traumatic memories, we only work on them for two or three minutes. Because you're in alpha, and so you've got this higher state of beta, and it recalibrates it into the same state that it's in. So if it's in alpha, it can take a beta memory, reprocess it in alpha, takes all the intensity out of it. Lisa: So these brain waves, these beta states, just to briefly let people know, so this is speed, and correct me if I'm wrong, but it's the speed at which the brain waves are coming out. So in beta, like you'd see on ECG or something, it's sort of really fast. I think there's a 40 day... Dr Don: It's 15 to 30 hertz. Lisa: 15 to 30 hertz and then if you're in alpha, it's a lot lower than that? Dr Don: 7 to 14. Lisa: 7 to 14, and then below that is sort of when you're going into the sleep phase, either deep meditative or asleep. Dr Don: You're dreaming. Because what it's doing in dreaming is processing. So you're between 4 and 7 hertz. That's why people who have a lot of trauma have trouble sleeping. Because not only is their mind processing what it experienced during the day, it's also taking some of those old files saying, 'Well, okay, let's fix that now. Right. Let's get that.' That's where your nightmares are coming from. It was trying to get you into a processing to fix that. but it couldn't fix it. So it continues, and then when you go below 4 hertz, you go into delta. Delta is dreamless sleep and that's where the maintenance is getting done. Lisa: That's the physical maintenance side more than the... Dr Don: Physical maintenance. Yeah, because that's not processing what it experienced anymore. What it's really now doing is saying, 'Okay, what are the issues that need to be dealt with?' So if you're very relaxed and you've had a very... Like me, right? I played hockey, so I had six concussions, 60 stitches, and never missed a hockey game. The only reason now that I understand I could do that is because I'm getting two or three times more Delta sleep than my teammates were. Lisa: Physical recuperative sleep. Dr Don: Yeah, I was getting maximum restorative sleep. So an injury that I would have that could heal in two or three days, my teammates would two or three weeks. Because they were living in these, which I didn't know, a lot of my friends were dealing with trauma: physical, emotional, sexual abuse. I didn't know that was going on with my friends. Nobody talked about it. I didn't see it in their homes, but they were all dealing with that. Lisa: So they are not able to get... So look, I've noticed since I've been through the program. My sleep is much better, and sometimes I still occasionally dream about Dad. But the positive dreams, if that makes sense. They're more Dad as he as he was in life and I actually think Dad's come to visit me and say, ‘Hi, give me a hug' rather than the traumatic last days and hours of his life, which was the ones that were coming in before and calling for that action and stopping me from having that restorative sleep. I just did a podcast with Dr Kirk Parsley who's a sleep expert, ex-Navy SEAL and a sleep expert that's coming out shortly. Or I think by this time, it will be out, and understanding the importance, the super importance of both the delta and... What is the other one? The theta wave of sleep patterns, and what they do, and why you need both, and what parts of night do what, and just realising...Crikey, anybody who is going through trauma isn't experiencing sleep is actually this vicious cycle downwards. Because then, you've got more of the beta brainwave state, and you've got more of the stresses, and you're much less resilient when you can't sleep. You're going to... have health issues, and brain issues, and memory, and everything's going to go down south, basically. Dr Don: That's why I didn't understand at the time. They just said 'Well, you're just super healthy. You heal really fast.' They had no other explanation for it. Now, I know exactly why. But it had nothing to do with my genetics. It had to do with my environment. Lisa: Just interrupting the program briefly to let you know that we have a new patron program for the podcast. Now, if you enjoy Pushing the Limits if you get great value out of it, we would love you to come and join our patron membership program. We've been doing this now for five and a half years and we need your help to keep it on here. It's been a public service free for everybody, and we want to keep it that way but to do that, we need like-minded souls who are on this mission with us to help us out. So if you're interested in becoming a patron for Pushing the Limits podcast, then check out everything on patron.lisatamati.com. That's patron.lisatamati.com. We have two patron levels to choose from. You can do it for as little as 7 dollars a month, New Zealand or 15 dollars a month if you really want to support us. So we are grateful if you do. There are so many membership benefits you're going to get if you join us. Everything from workbooks for all the podcasts, the strength guide for runners, the power to vote on future episodes, webinars that we're going to be holding, all of my documentaries, and much, much more. So check out all the details: patron.lisatamati.com, and thanks very much for joining us. Dr Don: That's, at the time, we just thought it was all, must have been genetics. But I realised now that it was environment as well. So maybe a genetic component to it as well, but then you take that and put that into this very beautiful, nurturing environment, I'm going to sleep processing in beta what I experienced that day and then my mind basically, at that point, is 'What do we need to work on? Not much. Let's go. Let's start now doing some maintenance.' Because it wants to address the top of item stuff first. What is it needs to be taken care of right now? Right? Those are the threats. Once it gets the threats processed, then it can then start working on the things that are going to be the more long-term maintenance. So then it'll do that. But if it never gets out of that threat mode, it gets out for very little time. Then, if you're getting 30 minutes of delta sleep at night and I'm getting two hours, it's a no-brainer to figure out why I would heal faster. Lisa: Absolutely, and this is independent of age and things because you've got all that that comes into it as well. Your whole chemistry changes as you get older and all this. There's other compounding issues as it gets more and more important that you get these pieces of the puzzle right. Do you think that this is what leads to a lot of disease, cancers, and things like that as well? There's probably not one reason. There's a multitude of reasons, but it's definitely one that we can influence. So it's worth looking at it if you've got trauma in your life. People were saying to me 'Oh my God, you don't look good.' When you start hearing that from your friends, your people coming up to you and going, 'I can feel that you're not right.' People that are sensitive to you and know you very well, and you start hearing that over and over, and you start to think, 'Shit, something's got real. Maybe I need to start looking at this.' Because it's just taking all your energy your way, isn't it, on so many levels. The restorative side and the ability to function in your life, and your work, and all of that, and that, of course, leads into depressive thoughts and that hyper-vigilant state constantly. That's really tiresome rather than being just chill, relax, enjoying life, and being able to... Like one of the things I love in my life is this podcast because I just get into such a flow state when I'm learning from such brilliant... Dr Don: You're in alpha. Lisa: I am. I am on it because this is, 'Oh. That's how that works.' And I just get into this lovely learning in an alpha state with people because I'm just so excited and curious. This is what I need to be doing more of. And less of the, if you'd see me half an hour ago trying to work out the technology. That's definitely not an alpha state for me. Dr Don: That's where they said Albert Einstein lived. Albert Einstein lived in alpha brainwave state. That's why information just float for him because there was no stress. He could then pull information very easily to float into. But if you're in a high beta brainwave state, there's too much activity. It has trouble focusing on anything because it's multiple threats on multiple fronts. So when we have a traumatic event, that's how it's being recorded. If you remember, what we talked about was there's a 400 of a millionth of a second gap in between your subconscious mind seeing the information and it going to your consciousness. So in 400 millionths of a second, your subconscious mind has already started a response into an action even though your conscious mind is not even aware of it yet. Lisa: Yeah. Exactly what I did with rescuing my partner with the glass falling off the thing. I hadn't reached that logically. Dr Don: It's funny because that's one of the things that I talked about ,which is sort of, give us all a little bit of grace. Because if you've had a lot of trauma, you're going to respond a certain way. How could you not? If your mind's filtering into all of that, of course you're going to respond with that kind of a response because your mind is prone to go into that action very, very quickly. So we can give ourselves a little bit of grace in understanding that of course, you're going to do that, right? And not beat ourselves up. Because you know what I talked about with everybody, there's nothing wrong with anybody. There's nothing wrong with anybody's mind. Everybody's mind is fine except you are experiencing something different than I experienced so your mind kept responding to it, and mine didn't have that. So you had multiple... Think about we have a hundred percent of our energy on our phone when we wake up in the morning, right? Fully powered up. You fire the phone up and eight programs open up, right? And mine has one. Lisa: Yeah. You're just focusing on what you need to. Dr Don: Then noon comes, and you're having to plug your phone back in because you're out of energy. Lisa: That's a perfect analogy. You're just burning the battery. My all is a hundred windows open in the back of my brain that is just processing all these things and so now, I can start to heal. So having gone through this process with you, like you said, we worked on a number of traumatic experiences, and I went through them in my mind. And then you did certain things, made me follow with my eyes and track here, and my eyes did this, and then, we pulled my attention out in the middle of the story and things. That helped me stay in that alpha state, brainwave state as I probably now understand while I'm still reliving the experience. That's sort of taking the colour out of it so that it's now sort of in a black and white folder. Now, it can still be shared, and it hasn't taken away the sadness of... Dr Don: Because it is sad that these things happen but that's not the response for an action which is that fear or anger, right? That dysregulation of the nervous system. That's what we want to stop, because that is what is going to affect health, enjoyment of life and everything else. Lisa: Wow, this is so powerful. Yeah, and it's been very, very beneficial for me and helped me deal. For me, it also unfolded. Because after the four hour period with you, I had audiotapes and things that are meditations to do every day for the next 30 days. What were we doing in that phase of the recovery? What were you targeting in those sort of sessions? Dr Don: So if you remember what we talked about, we have two memory systems. The explicit memory is what we worked on on that four hours. That's detail, events, and experiences. Once we get the mind processing through that, then we have to work on the same memory animals have, which is that associative repetitive memory. So you've built a series of codes on how to respond to threats, and that has come in over repetition and associations. So the audios are designed to start getting you now to build some new neural pathways, some new ways to respond because your mind won't switch a pattern instantly. It can switch a memory instantly, but a pattern is something that got built over a period of time. So it's like a computer. If I'm coding on my computer, I can't take one key to stop that code. I have to write a new code. Yeah, so what we're doing over the 30 days is writing new code. Lisa: Helping me make new routines and new habits around new neural pathways, basically. Dr Don: You don't have that explicit memory interfering with the pathways. Because now, it's not constantly pulling you out, going back into an action call. It's basically now able to look at this information and these codes that got built and say, 'Okay, what's a better way? So do we have a better way of doing it?' Or 'Show me that code. Write that code.' If that code looks safer, then your mind will adopt that new code. Lisa: This is why, I think for me, there was an initial, there was definitely... Like the nightmares stopped, the intrusive every minute, hour triggering stopped, but the process over the time and the next... And I'm still doing a lot of the things and the meditations. It's reinforcing new habit building. This is where... Like for people dealing with addictions, this is the path for them as well, isn't it? Dr Don: Yeah. Because I talked about addiction as a code. I don't believe it's a disease. Your mind has found a resource to stop pains, and your subconscious mind is literal. It doesn't see things as good or bad, or right or wrong. It's literal. 'Did that stop the pain? Let's do that.' Because it's trying to protect you. So if you've now repeated it over and over, not only have you stopped the pain, but you've built an association with a substance that is seen as beneficial. Lisa: Because your brain sees it as medicine when you're taking, I don't know, cocaine or something. It sees it as essential to your life even though you, on a logical level, know that, ‘This is destroying me and it's a bad thing for me.' Your subconscious goes, 'No, this is a good thing and I need it right now.' Dr Don: Because it's in the present, when does it want the pain to stop? Now. So it has no ability to see a future or a past. Your subconscious is in the moment. So if you take cocaine, the logical part of your brain goes, 'Oh, this is going to create problems for me. I'm going to become addicted.' Right? Your subconscious goes, ‘Well, the pain stopped. We don't see that as a bad thing.' I always use the analogy: Why did people jump out of the buildings at 911? They weren't jumping to die. They were jumping to live because when would they die? Now, if they jump, would they die? No. They stopped the death. So even jumping, which logically makes no sense, right? But to the subconscious mind, it was going to stop the pain now. Lisa: Yeah, and even if it was two seconds in the future that they would die, your brain is going... Dr Don: It doesn't even know what two seconds are. Lisa: No. It has no time. Isn't it fascinating that we don't have a time memory or understanding in that part of the brain that runs 95% of the ship? Dr Don: It's like what Albert Einstein said, ‘There's no such thing as time.' So it's like an animal. If an animal could communicate and you say, 'What time is it?' That would make no sense to an animal. 'What do you mean? It's now.' 'What time is it now?' 'Now. Exactly.' Lisa: It's a construct that we've made to... Dr Don: Just to explain a lot of stuff, right? When something happens. Lisa: Yeah, and this is quite freeing when you think of it. But it does make a heck of a lot of sense. So people are not being destructive when they become drug addicts or addicted to nicotine, or coffee, or chocolate. They're actually trying to stop the pain that they're experiencing in some other place and fix things now. Even though the logical brain... Because the logical brain is such a tiny... Like this is the last part of our evolution, and it's not as fully... We can do incredible things with it at 5%. We've made the world that we live in, and we're sitting here on Zoom, and we've got incredible powers. But it's all about the imagination, being able to think into the future, into the past, and to make correlations, and to recognise patterns. That's where all our creativity and everything, or not just creativity, but our ability to analyse and put forth stuff into the world is happening. But in actual, we're still like the animals and the rest of it. We're still running at 95%, and that's where we can run into the problems with these two. Dr Don: Because you got two systems. You got a very advanced system operating within a very primitive system, and it hasn't integrated. It's still integrating, right? So if there's a survival threat, survival will always override reason and logic, because it's designed to protect you. So there's no reason and logic that will come in if there's a survival threat. It's just going to respond the way it knows, does this Google search, 'What do we know about this threat? How do we know to protect ourselves, and we'll go instantly into survival mode.' Again, there's the reason and logic. Why would you jump out of a building, right? If you applied reason and logic, you wouldn't have jumped, right? People will say, 'Well, but they still jumped.' Yes, because reason and logic didn't even come into the process. It was all about survival. Lisa: Yeah. When the fire is coming in it was either... Dr Don: 'Am I going to die out now or I'm going to move and not die now?' Lisa: Yeah, and we're also prone to movement when we're in agitation and in an agitated state, aren't we? Basically, all of the blood and the muscles saying, 'Run, fight, do something. Take action.' Dr Don: That's why when people get into depression, it's the absence of those emotions. Lisa: Yeah, and people feel exhaustion. Dr Don: Yeah. The mind kept calling for an action using anger, for example, but you can't do the action because it's not happening, so it shuts down to protect you and stops calling for any emotion, and that's depression. So the key to get out of depression is actions. It's to get something happening. So in a lot of people who are depressed, what do I tell them to do? 'Start moving. Start exercising. Get out. Start doing things.' Right? Lisa: So I run ultras. Dr Don: Exactly. Perfect example, right? Lisa: Yeah, because I was. I was dealing with a lot of shit in my life at the time when I started doing ultra-marathons. To run was to quiet the pain and to run was to be able to cope and to have that meditative space in order to work through the stuff that was going on in my life. And I know even in my husband's life, when he went through a difficult time, that's when he started running. So running can be a very powerful therapeutic, because there is a movement, and you're actually burning through the cortisol and the adrenaline that's pouring around in your body. Therefore, sitting still and that sort of things was just not an option for me. I had to move. And it explains what, really. It's calling the movement. Like it was a movement because I couldn't fix the other thing. Dr Don: That's what they'll tell you to do. To get out of depression is to move. What I say is the way to get out of depression is to get your mind to resolve what it's been asking for. Lisa: It's going a little deeper. Dr Don: Yeah. So it's going down and saying, 'Okay, why has it been getting you angry and now, it shut down from the anger?' Because it's been trying to get you in your situation. 'Don't let Dad die. Don't let this happen.' Right? So because you couldn't do it, it just shuts down. Makes perfect sense but when we get to the resolution that there is no action required, there's no need for the depression anymore. The depression will lift because there's no more call for an action. Lisa: I can feel that in me, that call. Anytime that anything does still pop up, I sort of acknowledge the feeling and say, 'There is no call for action here. This is in the past. This is a memory.' So I do remind myself that when things do still pop up from time to time now, as opposed to hourly. I go, 'Hey, come back into the now. This is the now. That was the then that's calling for an action. This is why you're doing thing.' Even that understanding
We are living through multiple crises. Not only are we going through the COVID-19 pandemic, but there is also a hidden epidemic going on. Over the years, people have become more obese. In 2013, only 34% of our population was within a healthy BMI range, and this statistic is falling exponentially over the years. We need to take action now because obesity is not about how you look — it's about real health consequences. Dr Katherine Sowden joins us in this episode to talk about women's and public health. She explains how obesity changes our bodies and causes various diseases and cancers. She shares that it's often not even people's fault. There's a range of factors that encourage this epidemic. Exacerbating the socioeconomic and cultural factors is the food industry. Dr Katherine emphasises that we need to start educating ourselves on our health. Only then can we make better choices to prevent these diseases. If you want to know more about taking preventive measures against cancer and other diseases, this episode is for you. Here are three reasons why you should listen to the full episode: Learn about the current state of public health and how to be a proactive patient. Discover the ways obesity can lead to an increased risk of cancer, particularly in women. Know how you can make better health choices to avoid developing cancer. Resources Gain exclusive access and bonuses to Pushing the Limits Podcast by becoming a patron! A new program, BoostCamp, is coming this September at Peak Wellness! Listen to other Pushing the Limits episodes with Dr Elena Seranova: #183: Sirtuin and NAD Supplements for Longevity #189: Understanding Autophagy and Increasing Your Longevity Connect with Dr Katherine: Auckland Women's Gynaecology I Ormiston Specialists I Email Get Customised Guidance for Your Genetic Make-Up For our epigenetics health programme, all about optimising your fitness, lifestyle, nutrition and mind performance to your particular genes, go to https://www.lisatamati.com/page/epigenetics-and-health-coaching/. Customised Online Coaching for Runners CUSTOMISED RUN COACHING PLANS — How to Run Faster, Be Stronger, Run Longer Without Burnout & Injuries Have you struggled to fit in training in your busy life? Maybe you don't know where to start, or perhaps you have done a few races but keep having motivation or injury troubles? Do you want to beat last year's time or finish at the front of the pack? Want to run your first 5-km or run a 100-miler? Do you want a holistic programme that is personalised & customised to your ability, goals, and lifestyle? Go to www.runninghotcoaching.com for our online run training coaching. Health Optimisation and Life Coaching If you are struggling with a health issue and need people who look outside the square and are connected to some of the greatest science and health minds in the world, then reach out to us at support@lisatamati.com, we can jump on a call to see if we are a good fit for you. If you have a big challenge ahead, are dealing with adversity, or want to take your performance to the next level and want to learn how to increase your mental toughness, emotional resilience, foundational health, and more, then contact us at support@lisatamati.com. Order My Books My latest book Relentless chronicles the inspiring journey about how my mother and I defied the odds after an aneurysm left my mum Isobel with massive brain damage at age 74. The medical professionals told me there was absolutely no hope of any quality of life again, but I used every mindset tool, years of research and incredible tenacity to prove them wrong and bring my mother back to full health within three years. Get your copy here: https://shop.lisatamati.com/collections/books/products/relentless. For my other two best-selling books Running Hot and Running to Extremes, chronicling my ultrarunning adventures and expeditions all around the world, go to https://shop.lisatamati.com/collections/books. Lisa's Anti-Ageing and Longevity Supplements NMN: Nicotinamide Mononucleotide, an NAD+ precursor Feel Healthier and Younger* Researchers have found that Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide or NAD+, a master regulator of metabolism and a molecule essential for the functionality of all human cells, is being dramatically decreased over time. What is NMN? NMN Bio offers a cutting edge Vitamin B3 derivative named NMN (beta Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) that can boost the levels of NAD+ in muscle tissue and liver. Take charge of your energy levels, focus, metabolism and overall health so you can live a happy, fulfilling life. Founded by scientists, NMN Bio offers supplements of the highest purity and rigorously tested by an independent, third-party lab. Start your cellular rejuvenation journey today. Support Your Healthy Ageing We offer powerful, third party tested, NAD+ boosting supplements so you can start your healthy ageing journey today. Shop now: https://nmnbio.nz/collections/all NMN (beta Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) 250mg | 30 capsules NMN (beta Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) 500mg | 30 capsules 6 Bottles | NMN (beta Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) 250mg | 30 Capsules 6 Bottles | NMN (beta Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) 500mg | 30 Capsules Quality You Can Trust — NMN Our premium range of anti-ageing nutraceuticals (supplements that combine Mother Nature with cutting edge science) combats the effects of ageing while designed to boost NAD+ levels. Manufactured in an ISO9001 certified facility Boost Your NAD+ Levels — Healthy Ageing: Redefined Cellular Health Energy & Focus Bone Density Skin Elasticity DNA Repair Cardiovascular Health Brain Health Metabolic Health My ‘Fierce' Sports Jewellery Collection For my gorgeous and inspiring sports jewellery collection, 'Fierce', go to https://shop.lisatamati.com/collections/lisa-tamati-bespoke-jewellery-collection. Episode Highlights [04:06] The Current State of Women's Health One of the most significant issues in women's health is the normalisation of obesity. This situation comes from a lack of understanding of the importance of nutrition and movement to our health. Endometrial cancer is a progressive order that is caused by having too much estrogen. One of its leading causes is obesity. Obesity can also decrease fertility since it affects the ovulatory cycle by affecting the production of progesterone. Before, we used to see endometrial cancer affecting women over 40, but now there are cases as young as under 20. [07:59] Effects of Obesity Women's relative risk for endometrial cancer is one if they have a normal BMI. However, when they're in the range of 30-35 and over 40, this is raised to 2.5 and 7.1 respectively. There are now many obese young women who are in this constant state of a hyper estrogenic environment. The definitive treatment of this cancer is hysterectomy, making a huge impact on women's choice for reproduction. In addition, obesity can increase the risk of breast cancer too. [10:43] What Changes Does Obesity Make? Obesity leads to an abnormally high aromatase gene expression, which is in charge of estrogen production. With obesity, the body converts more of the androgen peripheral tissue into estrogen too. This problem does not apply only to women. Obese men also have hormone issues and tend to have feminine features. [14:04] How the Food Industry Affects Our Health One of the main drivers of the obesity epidemic is the wide availability of obesogenic food. Lower-income families tend to consume more of these foods since they are cheaper than healthier options. We can remove taxes on fruits and vegetables to help address the problems in the food industry — as other countries have done. Even if junk foods seem cheap, these are costing the country more. Public health will collapse as more young people develop diseases. Obesity doesn't just cause cancer — it can also lead to diabetes and heart disease. [16:19] What Needs to Change? The market needs to change to make healthy foods more accessible. The food industry also needs to assess the way they use additives and preservatives. It's not totally our fault that we're obese. This epidemic is driven by socioeconomic and cultural factors, in addition to the food industry. Widespread normalisation of a high BMI is also harmful since people don't understand its consequences. While doctors can help treat your diseases with pills and surgeries, it will always come with risks. It's your responsibility to prevent hospitalisation. Medication should not be your first and only option. [23:19] Start with Educating Yourself Preventing disease progression starts at an early stage. Some medical interventions may not be the cure to fix your health. There is a need for a holistic approach to health. In public health settings, most doctors only have 20 minutes to get to know a patient. This amount of time does not give them a complete picture of what the patient needs. Personalised health care starts with self-education. Do your research so you can ask specific questions to your doctor within the limited timeframe given to you. Dr Katherine shares that not only does obesity have compounding effects on health, it can also affect surgeries! Learn more about this in the complete episode. [31:13] How Obesity has Risen Over the Years Even if our lifespans have increased because of medicine, people are also dying earlier because of diseases. A study in New Zealand found that the standardised incidence of endometrial cancer used to be 1.9 per 100,000 population in 1996. This rate increased to 24.2 in 2012, with the Pacific Islanders' at 46.06. In 2013, around 34% of the population were within the range of a healthy BMI. This percentage has decreased sharply over the years. Preventing cancers, such as endometrial cancers, starts with losing weight and changing lifestyles. [37:05] Start Early It's more difficult to reverse cancers and diseases than taking preventive measures. Diseases and cancers don't happen overnight. It's the result of malignant states developing over time. Not all cancers are preventable, but we can decrease our chances of developing them, especially with estrogen-dependent cancers. [40:20] Stop the Vicious Cycle Nowadays, it's commonly seen as politically incorrect to discuss obesity. Remember that our physical states impact our health, whether we like to hear them or not. Understand the consequences of obesity. These include the increased likelihood of infertility, cancer risk, diabetes, dementia, heart disease, and many more illnesses. Start with adopting lifestyle changes in terms of nutrition and movement. Eating unhealthy foods can cause a vicious cycle of degrading health, both physically and mentally. You can also seek more personalised healthcare from health coaches and other allied health professionals. 7 Powerful Quotes ‘We tax cigarettes, we take alcohol. Why aren't we taxing some of this junk food? It is of no benefit to people whatsoever.' ‘We need to do something and even if it is unpopular. So for example, taxing sugary food and drinks. It's got to be worthwhile.' ‘We can do operations that do amazing things, and really cure people of cancer, and improve their quality of life, but equally it shouldn't be the first option.' ‘But I think we've always got to look at the patient as a whole person. The least invasive cure, the better.' 'The more people we can keep out of the hospital, the better because it means we can deliver quality personalised health care.' ‘The more you can educate yourself, the better. So that when you get that 20 minutes in the public system, you've got the questions to ask, you know what you're going in for.' ‘It's also seen as politically incorrect to discuss obesity. But it's not politically incorrect. That's factual and it's a crisis. We need to stop pussyfooting around it.' About Katherine Dr Katherine Sowden is a highly respected gynaecologist and has been the Clinical Lead in Counties Manukau Health since 2014. She is also a Consultant Gynaecologist in Auckland Women's Gynaecology and Ormiston Specialist Centre. Dr Katherine is a fellow of the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. She is currently the departmental lead for non-tertiary gynaecological oncology and focuses on the management of premalignant gynaecological conditions. She provides a wide range of gynaecology services. You can find out more about her practice in Auckland Women's Gynae and Ormiston Specialists. You can also reach Katherine by email. Enjoyed This Podcast? If you did, be sure to subscribe and share it with your friends! Post a review and share it! If you enjoyed tuning in, then leave us a review. You can also share this with your family and friends so they can make better health choices to prevent cancer. Have any questions? You can contact me through email (support@lisatamati.com) or find me on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube. For more episode updates, visit my website. You may also tune in on Apple Podcasts. To pushing the limits, Lisa
Can we actually activate the "skinny gene" in our bodies? The SIRT Food Diet helped Adele with her 100-pound weight loss and keeps Boxer Conor McGregor lean and mean. This episode will highlight the SIRT Diet that claims to help reduce body weight, prevent inflammation and disease, increase muscle mass, and slow the signs of aging.PRODUCER & HOST ANNE MCDANIELS LINKS:Facebook: Anne McDanielsFacebook: Anne McDaniels ActressInstagram: @annemcdanielsactressInstagram: @annemcdanielsTwitter : @annemcdanielsIMDB : Anne McDanielsClubhouse: @annemcdanielsTikTok: Anne McDanielsClubhouse: @annemcdanielsMusic Credit: ""Light" - JoeninpcGamer ; Royalty Free MusicPhoto Credit: DrKellyAnn.com; Express.co.uk; UFCSources: Healthline; SportsJoe; GourmetSleuth; Dr. Oz; Tasty; Nourishable; Tasty; Dr. Kellyann Petrucci; Entertainment Tonight; VogueSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.
If you want to work towards success, you need to start living a life that's indistractable. We know we need to be focused. Yet, how many times a day do you get distracted from doing your most important work? It's easy to get sucked into hours of scrolling through social media or mindlessly skipping channels. These external triggers often take the blame when we get distracted. However, did you know that a more dangerous form of distraction is one where we think we're being productive? The secret is that the opposite of distraction isn't focus: it's traction. Behavioural designer Nir Eyal joins us to talk about how to form good habits and break bad ones. He discusses the four steps to becoming indistractable and staying on top of your goals. We also learn how to change our mindsets around self-limiting beliefs and pessimistic thoughts. Finally, Nir shares his expertise in creating effective habit-forming products and building an engaged community. You have the power to become indistractable. Tune in if you want to know about how to create a distraction-free life! Here are three reasons why you should listen to the full episode: Discover the four steps you need to take to become indistractable. Understand the true meaning of distractions and why we need to let go of limiting beliefs. Learn how to make habit-forming products and services along with a strong community engagement. Resources Gain exclusive access and bonuses to Pushing the Limits Podcast by becoming a patron! Harness the power of NAD and NMN for anti-aging and longevity with NMN Bio. A new program, BOOSTCAMP, is coming this September at Peak Wellness! Listen to other Pushing the Limits episodes with Dr Elena Seranova: #183: Sirtuin and NAD Supplements for Longevity #189: Understanding Autophagy and Increasing Your Longevity Connect with Nir: Website I Twitter I LinkedIn Books by Nir: Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products Indistractable: How to Control Your Attention and Choose Your Life Steven Kotler and The Flow Collective Mindset by Carol Dweck Factfulness by Hans Rosling Peter Diamandis and his books Get Customised Guidance for Your Genetic Make-Up For our epigenetics health programme, all about optimising your fitness, lifestyle, nutrition and mind performance to your particular genes, go to https://www.lisatamati.com/page/epigenetics-and-health-coaching/. Customised Online Coaching for Runners CUSTOMISED RUN COACHING PLANS — How to Run Faster, Be Stronger, Run Longer Without Burnout & Injuries Have you struggled to fit in training in your busy life? Maybe you don't know where to start, or perhaps you have done a few races but keep having motivation or injury troubles? Do you want to beat last year's time or finish at the front of the pack? Want to run your first 5-km or run a 100-miler? Do you want a holistic programme that is personalised & customised to your ability, goals, and lifestyle? Go to www.runninghotcoaching.com for our online run training coaching. Health Optimisation and Life Coaching If you are struggling with a health issue and need people who look outside the square and are connected to some of the greatest science and health minds in the world, then reach out to us at support@lisatamati.com, we can jump on a call to see if we are a good fit for you. If you have a big challenge ahead, are dealing with adversity, or want to take your performance to the next level and want to learn how to increase your mental toughness, emotional resilience, foundational health, and more, then contact us at support@lisatamati.com. Order My Books My latest book Relentless chronicles the inspiring journey about how my mother and I defied the odds after an aneurysm left my mum Isobel with massive brain damage at age 74. The medical professionals told me there was absolutely no hope of any quality of life again. Despite their words, I used every mindset tool, years of research and incredible tenacity to prove them wrong and bring my mother back to full health within three years. Get your copy here: https://shop.lisatamati.com/collections/books/products/relentless. For my other two best-selling books Running Hot and Running to Extremes, chronicling my ultrarunning adventures and expeditions all around the world, go to https://shop.lisatamati.com/collections/books. Lisa's Anti-Ageing and Longevity Supplements NMN: Nicotinamide Mononucleotide, an NAD+ precursor Feel Healthier and Younger* Researchers have found that Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide or NAD+, a master regulator of metabolism and a molecule essential for the functionality of all human cells, is being dramatically decreased over time. What is NMN? NMN Bio offers a cutting edge Vitamin B3 derivative named NMN (beta Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) that can boost the levels of NAD+ in muscle tissue and liver. Take charge of your energy levels, focus, metabolism and overall health so you can live a happy, fulfilling life. Founded by scientists, NMN Bio offers supplements of the highest purity and rigorously tested by an independent, third-party lab. Start your cellular rejuvenation journey today. Support Your Healthy Ageing We offer powerful, third party tested, NAD+ boosting supplements so you can start your healthy ageing journey today. Shop now: https://nmnbio.nz/collections/all NMN (beta Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) 250mg | 30 capsules NMN (beta Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) 500mg | 30 capsules 6 Bottles | NMN (beta Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) 250mg | 30 Capsules 6 Bottles | NMN (beta Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) 500mg | 30 Capsules Quality You Can Trust — NMN Our premium range of anti-ageing nutraceuticals (supplements that combine Mother Nature with cutting edge science) combats the effects of aging while designed to boost NAD+ levels. Manufactured in an ISO9001 certified facility Boost Your NAD+ Levels — Healthy Ageing: Redefined Cellular Health Energy & Focus Bone Density Skin Elasticity DNA Repair Cardiovascular Health Brain Health Metabolic Health My ‘Fierce' Sports Jewellery Collection For my gorgeous and inspiring sports jewellery collection, 'Fierce', go to https://shop.lisatamati.com/collections/lisa-tamati-bespoke-jewellery-collection. Episode Highlights [04:57] Nir's Background As a behavioural designer, Nir helps companies build products and services that encourage individuals to develop healthy habits. The same strategy and technology addictive platforms like Facebook use can help people form good habits. Nir has written Hooked to help people build good habits. Meanwhile, Indistractable teaches people how to break bad habits. People often know what to do to create a better life but don't take action. As such, Nir believes that learning to be indistractable is the skill of the century. [06:25] On Indistractable: Understanding Distractions The opposite of distraction isn't focus; it's traction. Traction is any action that will bring you closer to your goals and values. Therefore, distraction is any action that will pull you away from your goals and values. The most dangerous form of distraction is the one where we think we're being productive. We often prioritise the urgent and easy work over the hard and important ones. [10:40] Social Media and Addiction There's a widespread belief that social media will make you addicted. But in reality, this is learned helplessness. When people believe that they're addicted, they often don't do anything about it. There's nothing wrong with social media. The problem is how we use it. We are not powerless against technology. [13:22] How to Gain Back Control People don't accomplish a goal because they quit early and don't feel like doing the work. We often blame our distractions on external forces. However, around 90% of these are due to internal triggers. Internal triggers are uncomfortable emotions that we want to escape. We do this by distracting ourselves. In reality, time management is about pain management. [17:43] Letting Go of Limiting Beliefs Nir warns against anchoring our autonomy on neurotransmitters. When we believe we have a specific nature, we limit our agency. Before labelling yourself a certain way, do the work. People find success when they act before they make excuses. Believing in ego depletion is also harmful. Find out why in the full episode! [24:49] The Indistractable Model: Steps One and Two The first strategy to becoming indistractable is mastering your internal triggers through visualisation. Don't envision the outcome. Doing so can be harmful because it makes you feel like you've already done the work. Visualise what you'll do when you're tempted to go off track. The second step is to make time for traction. You can't call something a distraction unless you know what you're distracted from. Having a to-do list can be harmful; plan daily schedules instead. [27:44] The Indistractable Model: Steps Three and Four The third step is to decrease external triggers. Finally, prevent distractions with pacts or pre-commitments. [30:40] What You Should Measure We have a lot of self-limiting beliefs. You need to distinguish whether these are things you cannot do or just ones you don't want to do. When doing something, the consistency of your actions contributes more to your success than the intensity. Understand that accomplishing your goals takes time. Instead of looking at your output, learn to measure your progress through your inputs, such as time and effort. [37:57] Be Willing to Put in the Hard Work There's no magic pill for our problems and goals. Everything takes time and work. Keep showing up and doing the hard work. We now have access to so much information; you just need to get out there and learn. Remember that if you're looking for distraction, it will come. [41:58] Adapting to Changes Around Us All new things have consequences. The good thing is, we humans are highly adaptable. In the same vein, you have the power to adapt and control how you consume ‘addictive' social media. Not the other way around. Nir believes that the world is getting better. However, good news does not get much media coverage. Try to be more optimistic. Only then can you seek solutions to problems and not resign yourself to the situation. You don't need to worry about everyone's problems. Your human capital is best directed toward issues where you can make the easiest and most significant impact. [50:48] How to Make Habit-Forming Products Use habit-forming products frequently and soon. It should be something that you use within a week or less. First, tap into internal triggers and specify which uncomfortable emotion your product wants to solve. Second, reduce friction. Make your product as easy as possible to use. Third, create variable rewards. Uncertainty is what excites people and gets them hooked. Finally, it helps to make people invest in the experience. Listen to the full episode to dive deeper into making habit-forming products! [55:19] The 3 C's of Engagement Fostering engagement can be done through content, community, and conversation. Curate content that will give value to others. Empower people to help one another so you can create a strong-knit community. Lastly, have conversations with people to share knowledge and wisdom. 7 Powerful Quotes from This Episode ‘The opposite of distraction is not focus. If you look at the origin of the word, the opposite of distraction is traction. You'll notice that both traction and distraction end in the same six letters, a-c-t-i-o-n.' ‘Traction, by definition, is any action that pulls you towards what you said you were going to do. Things that you do with intent. Things that move you closer to your values and help you become the kind of person you want to become.' ‘We have this model in our heads: traction, distraction, internal, external, right? Now we know that the four big parts of the Indistractable model. So now, we work our way around these four steps like the points on a compass.' ‘One of my life mantras is: “Consistency over intensity”. I think that's how we change.' ‘We want that instant relief. We want that instant solution. Look, the things that are worth having in life, they take time.' ‘What's going to lead us out of our problems is not running away from these problems, not throwing up our hands and giving up. But rather, engaging with these problems, right?' ‘[Habit-forming products] appreciate in value, meaning they get better and better the more we interact with them because of what I call stored value.' About Nir Nir Eyal writes, consults, and teaches about the intersection of psychology, technology, and business. He helps companies create behaviours that benefit the users and educates people on building healthful habits in their lives. Nir previously taught as a Lecturer in Marketing at the Stanford Graduate School of Business and the Hasso Plattner Institute of Design. He is the bestselling author of Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products and Indistractable: How to Control Your Attention and Choose Your Life. He also shares his insights with his newsletter at Nir and Far and has written for Psychology Today, The Atlantic, TechCrunch, and the Harvard Business Review. Nir is also an active investor in habit-forming technologies, such as Eventbrite, Kahoot!, and Anchor.fm. Interested in learning more about Nir's work? You check out his website. You can also reach him on Twitter and LinkedIn. Enjoyed This Podcast? If you did, be sure to subscribe and share it with your friends! Post a review and share it! If you enjoyed tuning in, then leave us a review. You can also share this with your family and friends so that they can learn what it takes to form good habits and become indistractable. Have any questions? You can contact me through email (support@lisatamati.com) or find me on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube. For more episode updates, visit my website. You may also tune in on Apple Podcasts. To pushing the limits, Lisa
GET TRANSCRIPT AND FULL SHOWNOTES: melanieavalon.com/sirtuins 2:45 - IF Biohackers: Intermittent Fasting + Real Foods + Life: Join Melanie's Facebook Group At facebook.com/groups/paleoOMAD For A Weekly Episode GIVEAWAY, And To Discuss And Learn About All Things Biohacking! All Conversations Welcome! 3:05 - Follow Melanie On Instagram To See The Latest Moments, Products, And #AllTheThings! @MelanieAvalon 3:30 - FOOD SENSE GUIDE: Get Melanie's App At Melanieavalon.com/foodsenseguide To Tackle Your Food Sensitivities! Food Sense Includes A Searchable Catalogue Of 300+ Foods, Revealing Their Gluten, FODMAP, Lectin, Histamine, Amine, Glutamate, Oxalate, Salicylate, Sulfite, And Thiol Status. Food Sense Also Includes Compound Overviews, Reactions To Look For, Lists Of Foods High And Low In Them, The Ability To Create Your Own Personal Lists, And More! 4:00 - DRY FARM WINES: Low Sugar, Low Alcohol, Toxin-Free, Mold-Free, Pesticide-Free, Hang-Over Free Natural Wine! Use The Link dryfarmwines.com/melanieavalon To Get A Bottle For A Penny! 5:05 - BEAUTYCOUNTER: Non-Toxic Beauty Products Tested For Heavy Metals, Which Support Skin Health And Look Amazing! Shop At beautycounter.com/melanieavalon For Something Magical! For Exclusive Offers And Discounts, And More On The Science Of Skincare, Get On Melanie's Private Beautycounter Email List At melanieavalon.com/cleanbeauty! Find Your Perfect Beautycounter Products With Melanie's Quiz: melanieavalon.com/beautycounterquiz 10:25 - Glen Matten's Personal Story 12:00 - Antioxidants 14:40 - What Are The Beneficial Plant Compounds? 15:20 - Phytonutrients 20:45 - How We Benefit From Plant Foods 22:30 - Hormetic Stress 24:15 - Xenohormesis 25:35 - SUNLIGHTEN: Get $200 Off Any Sunlighten Cabin Model Or $100 Off The Solo Unit (That Melanie Has!) AND $99 Shipping (Regularly $598) With The Code MelanieAvalon At MelanieAvalon.Com/Sunlighten. Forward Your Proof Of Purchase To Podcast@MelanieAvalon.com, To Receive A Signed Copy Of What When Wine! 27:00 - The Carnivore Debate 29:45 - Olive Oil, Cocoa Flavonoids, Red Wine And Coffee 31:15 - Blue Zones 32:00 - Being A Dietary Agnostic 33:40 - Plants As Signaling Molecules 35:00 - What Are Sirtuins? 40:00 - What The 7 Sirtuins Are Responsible For 42:20 - The Connection Between Fasting And Sirtuin Activation 46:35 - Antioxidants While Fasting 48:45 - Sirtuin Activation 53:50 - The Difference Between Fasting And Sirtuin Activation 1:00:50 - The First 7 Days Of The Sirtfood Diet 1:05:10 - Gaining Muscle 1:07:50 - LUMEN: The Lumen Breath Analyzer That Tells Your Body If You're Burning Carbs Or Fat For Energy! Get $25 Off A Lumen Device At melanieavalon.com/lumen With The Code melanieavalon25! 1:10:15 - Leucine 1:12:45 -PI3 Kinase, AMPK, MTor 1:19:20 - Home Gardens 1:20:05 - Wine 1:24:25 - Dry Farming 1:25:05 - Chocolate & Cocoa Go To thegoodchocolatecompany.com And Use The Coupon Code MelanieAvalon For 10% Off! 1:32:00 - A Diet Of Inclusion
Tommy Moore is a qualified exercise scientist specialising in nutrition and exercise physiology. He's the host of both Mind Body Plants and Mind Medicine, both of which centralise around the theme of health, longevity and the field of psychedelic assisted therapy. Today we'll be discussing the broad topic of plant power. Looking at plant medicines and its role in our health as a society and how we can apply the knowledge from these different studies in our every day lives.The key topics in today's episode:- The power of the mind- Mind medicine- The history of psychedelics- Nutrition- Default mode network- Mental illness- Being aware of yourself- Meditation- Legalising drugs- Micro-dosing- Getting science funding- Breaking the stigma- Using psychedelics - Spirituality & religion- Sirtuin genes- How to improve your memory- Fasting- Morning routines- MeditationVideo Version: https://youtu.be/Sr_skSEnuJk Connect with Tommy:Instagram | https://www.instagram.com/tommyimoore/Instagram | https://www.instagram.com/mindbody_plants/Mind Body Plants Podcast | https://mindbodyplantspodcast.transistor.fm/episodesEmail | contact@mindbodyplants.coConnect with me:Instagram | @plant.paradigmInstagram | @tomsimakYouTube | The Plant ParadigmTwitter | @plantparadigmWebsite | www.theplantparadigm.comSupport the show | Buy me a coffeeSubscribe to the podcast:Apple | Spotify | Stitcher |Stay happy,Eat plants,Peace
WELCOME to The WELLNESS FOURplay Podcast Episode 19: Synergy We KNOW that Knowledge is the "foreplay" to your Wellness, so we want to make sure you are equipped to be your OWN Super Hero in your wellness journey! Equipping you with the KNOWLEDGE you need to have the HEALTH you so desire! Each episode we ask FOUR questions relating to a specific health topic. Here they are: 1. WHAT IS SYNERGY? The combined effort of two or more things that results in a different outcome than if it had been done individually. 2. CAN SYNERGY WORK IN POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE WAYS? Positive Synergy: 2+2=5. For example, a safe and complete airline flight. Negative Synergy: 2+2=3 For example, a plane crash, due to human maintenance oversight. 3. HOW CAN YOU STACK POSITIVE BEHAVIORS TO CREATE SYNERGY IN YOUR WELLNESS? Stack the following positive behaviors to have a synergistic effect in your everyday life: Mindset, Sleep/Rest, Nutrition, Water, Exercise, Prayer/Meditation, Positive People (Tribe Vibe), Gratitude, Goals, Rewards, Contribution. Use tiny habits in each of the above areas to create your Daily Method of Operation. (DMO) Consistency is the key to your Synergistic results! 4. HOW CAN SYNERGY SLOW DOWN YOUR AGING? 1+1+1= 10. Activation of the Nrf2, NRF1 and NAD cellular pathways to your DNA individually is beneficial, but activating ALL THREE at the same time gives 1792% greater benefit in Sirtuin response, 69% greater benefit in Mitochondrial function and 1563% greater response in Antioxidant Enzymes! THAT'S A HUGE DEAL! We invite you to get activated with $10 off discount code for your first purchase! Contact us at DondeeAndMarci.com and comment “Episode 19 Code” in the Contact Us tab. Thank you for spending your time with us! #WellnessFourPlay #ProactiveWellness #Synergy #DoYouFeelOld #Nrf2 #NRF1 #NAD #Energy #TheBiohackingTeam #EmpoweredWellness #wellness DondeeAndMarci.com
From our physical appearance to our body's mechanical functions, our whole being is encoded into our genes and kept in each cell that makes us. These basic biological units have their system to keep everything functioning and our body alive and moving. They have housekeeping functions: cells perform autophagy to get rid of accumulated waste materials. Maximising the effects of these processes can help in increasing your longevity. When the autophagic processes fail, it can damage important parts of the cell such as the DNA and accelerate ageing. In this episode, Dr Elena Seranova explains the science behind autophagy and how it connects to NAD and sirtuin genes. She also shares her own experience and research on using this knowledge to live a longer, fuller life. Join us in this episode to learn more about autophagy and how this process is useful in increasing your longevity and giving you a boost in life. Get Customised Guidance for Your Genetic Make-Up For our epigenetics health program that is all about optimising your fitness, lifestyle, nutrition and mind performance to your particular genes, go to https://www.lisatamati.com/page/epigenetics-and-health-coaching/. You can also join our free live webinar on epigenetics. Online Coaching for Runners Go to www.runninghotcoaching.com for our online run training coaching. Consult with Me If you would like to work with me one to one on anything from your mindset, to head injuries, to biohacking your health, to optimal performance or executive coaching, please book a consultation here: https://shop.lisatamati.com/collections/consultations. Order My Books My latest book Relentless chronicles the inspiring journey about how my mother and I defied the odds after an aneurysm left my mum Isobel with massive brain damage at age 74. The medical professionals told me there was absolutely no hope of any quality of life again, but I used every mindset tool, years of research, and incredible tenacity to prove them wrong and bring my mother back to full health within 3 years. Get your copy here: http://relentlessbook.lisatamati.com/ For my other two best-selling books Running Hot and Running to Extremes, chronicling my ultrarunning adventures and expeditions all around the world, go to https://shop.lisatamati.com/collections/books. Here are three reasons why you should listen to the full episode: Discover how cells stay healthy. Find out Dr Elena's tips and advice in increasing your longevity by activating autophagy. Learn more about the science behind NMN supplements and their revitalising effect. Resources Read about Dave Asprey’s work around the keto diet. Lifespan by Dr David Sinclair Pushing the Limits Ep 170: The Search for the Perfect Protein with Dr David Minkoff Visit NMNBio if you want to learn more about NMN supplements in New Zealand. Episode Highlights [04:33] Getting to Know Dr Elena Seranova Dr Elena Seranova is an interdisciplinary scientist. She holds a degree in Psychology, MSc Translational Neuroscience, and a PhD focusing on autophagy and cell biology. With her expertise in her field, she co-founded a biotech startup and is now the the founder of NMN Bio in the United Kingdom. [06:06] What Is Autophagy? Autophagy is a catabolic pathway that degrades unwanted materials within the cell. The cell needs to avoid the build-up of unnecessary materials. There are different pathways for activation like mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) and PI3K (Phosphoinositide 3-kinase). Impairments at various stages of autophagy lead to its failure and cell death. Once autophagy fails, apoptosis, or programmed cell death, can activate. [11:25] NAD as Fuel for Sirtuin and PARP PARP and sirtuin are different classes of enzymes that use NAD for multiple vital processes, including DNA repair (both) and gene expression (sirtuin). Sirtuin 1 is one of the pathways that can initiate autophagy. initiates the autophagic process. When DNA is damaged, PARP activates and depletes NAD stores. The decrease in NAD levels inhibits sirtuin's ability to carry out its functions, including autophagy, accelerating a cell's death. [15:34] What Is NAD? Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or NAD is a substrate for enzymes. It plays a vital role in different reactions within the cell. You can supplement NAD levels using boosters such as nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN). [18:44] mTOR-Independent Pathways Activation of autophagy using Sirtuin 1 is an mTOR-independent pathway. It is essential not to activate autophagy through mTOR pathways. mTOR is responsible for cell growth and translation. [25:04] How to Activate mTOR-Independent Autophagy Autophagy is dependent on nutrient starvation. Intermittent fasting can activate it. A generally healthy lifestyle includes supplement intake, proper sleep, and healthy foods. Avoid too much sunlight because it damages the skin and DNA. It activates PARP enzymes. Take a tablespoon of extra virgin olive oil which contains oleic acid. This good fat has the same effects as resveratrol. Induce artificial stress through cryotherapy, saunas, and exercise to activate sirtuin 1. [33:22] Why Did Dr Elena Decide to Bring NMN to the Market? She came across NAD and NMN during her doctorate studies and saw their importance. Her own experiences showed better focus and energy levels after taking NMN supplements. There are not enough reliable suppliers that offer good regulation and quality control. She wanted to provide the best for herself and her family. NMN Bio has complete transparency on suppliers and quality regulation [38:28] Can Weight Loss Occur from Taking NMN? Lisa Tamati's experience in taking NMN shows fat loss but no muscle loss. Dr Elena's mice studies show evidence that NMN can improve insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism. [40:42] Do NMN Supplements Have Any Downsides? They found no side effects in studies with mice despite an increase in dosage. Current studies are still ongoing to determine the ideal dosage for humans. Most people take 500mg to 1g. Doubling this still shows good tolerance. Take supplements in the morning as NAD affects the circadian rhythm. [53:57] How Do Autophagy, NAD and Sirtuin Genes Fit Together? Autophagy recycles various damaged organelles. Sirtuin 1 genes activate autophagy and mitophagy. NAD functions as a substrate for sirtuin enzymes to work. NMN supplements can increase NAD levels. Listen to the episode for the full explanation of how these three work together. [58:43] Can NMN be Taken as an Infusion? This is not something that Dr Elena has studied in-depth and she is curious as well about how viable this procedure will be. There is a low concentration of energy in intravenous injections, but it's present. Oral administration is more reliable in giving boosts and it costs cheaper. [01:00:01] Do Antioxidants Help in Increasing Your Longevity? Studies have shown that antioxidants don't suppress ageing. Lifestyle intervention and autophagy activation are proven ways to slow ageing. 7 Powerful Quotes ‘Lysosome is another acidic organelle that contains acid hydrolases that are able to digest this cargo...and if it doesn't work, well, the cell is basically in trouble because you have all this garbage floating around, and there is nothing to remove them. So this is why autophagy is important. ‘When things are preserved across species, then that gives a scientist an indication that this is probably a very important biological function’. ‘I think that in order for your body to function properly, you really need to have a kind of a healthy routine in general’. ‘So I think that when it comes to being healthy, and activating your autophagy levels, and having a healthy lifestyle in general, you need to start with the basics first.’ ‘Another small tip that I can give is to actually avoid sunlight, which is something that people don't really consider. What happens when we're exposed to sunlight, when our skin is exposed to sunlight for prolonged periods of time, we start getting the DNA damage’. “The important part is not to just increase your age, it’s to increase your healthspan.” ‘And if you have if your mitochondria are not healthy, and they're dying, and you're not having enough mitochondria in your cells, then you are going to be sick.’ About Dr Elena Seranova Dr Elena Seranova is a scientist, serial entrepreneur and business mentor who has founded multiple innovative biotechnological businesses. She first studied at the University of Ioannina with a major in Psychology. She started a private practice before developing an interest in neuroscience. She continued her studies and earned her Master’s Degree in Translational Neuroscience at the University of Sheffield. She now also holds a Doctorate Degree in Stem Cell Biology and Autophagy from the University of Birmingham. Her expertise in these fields has led her to become the co-founder of a biotech start-up, SkyLab Bio. She has written a number of peer-reviewed articles and multiple research articles on autophagy throughout her career. Aside from these accomplishments, she started her own business, NMN Bio. Her own experiences with the use of supplements have inspired her to expand the market to supply the public with cutting-edge anti-ageing supplements. NMN Bio reaches New Zealand, UK, and Europe. Dr Elena found her passion for drug discovery and autophagy. She has endeavoured to share this with the public through her research and work as an entrepreneur. To learn more about Dr Elena and her work, visit her website. Enjoyed This Podcast? If you did, be sure to subscribe and share it with your friends! Post a review and share it! If you enjoyed tuning in, then leave us a review. You can also share this with your family and friends, especially those interested in increasing their longevity, so that they can practice the activation of autophagy in their lifestyle. Have any questions? You can contact me through email (support@lisatamati.com) or find me on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube. For more episode updates, visit my website. You may also tune in on Apple Podcasts. To pushing the limits, Lisa Transcript Of The Podcast Welcome to Pushing the Limits, the show that helps you reach your full potential, with your host Lisa Tamati, brought to you by lisatamati.com. Lisa Tamati: Well, hi everyone and welcome back to Pushing the Limits. This week I have Dr. Elena Seranova, who has already been a guest on the show. And today, we're talking about autophagy and NAD, and the interplay between these two. Now that might sound extremely boring, but it isn't. It's all about longevity and anti-aging. So, we're going to be talking about the science between about NAD precursors and the sirtuin genes, and how to upregulate the sirtuin genes, and all about autophagy, which is really the recycling of old and damaged parts and proteins of a cell that need to be gotten rid of. So, it's a bit like having a good garbage disposal unit happening. And there are many ways to activate autophagy, which we go into in this episode. We talk about intermittent fasting, we talk about cold and hot and hormetic stressors like exercise and yes, of course fasting. But also, mTOR independent pathways to activate autophagy, it'll all be revealed in this interview. Now this does get a little bit technical in the first 20 minutes or so. But hang in there and listen to this a couple of times. Because if you want to slow down aging, if you want to slow down the generative decline of your body and you want to have a long and healthy lifestyle, then this stuff is really, really worth paying attention to and trying to understand. We talk about NMN, which is nicotinamide mononucleotide, which is a supplement that is now available, is a longevity compound to upregulate the sirtuin genes. And we're really lucky to check that out. You can go and find that supplement, which has been made and produced by Dr. Elena Seranova and her company, NMN Bio. So if you head hop over to nmnbio.nz, we're now importing this into the country. So, this is one way that you can really fight aging and degenerative decline that we all fear and don't want. And when you listen to this episode and really listen to it a couple of times, you'll understand some of the incredible anti-aging things that are coming down. This is not pseudoscience. Dr. Elena is one of the most amazing neuroscientists out there. So please listen to this episode, enjoy it, get a lot out of it and get the takeaway. So, if you don't understand some of the terminology, don't worry, keep going. And by the end, you'll start to pick up certain bits and pieces. And if you listen to it again, you'll be able to pick up a little bit more and a little bit more. And at the end of the day, it's about the takeaways, what can you do to slow aging down and all that information is in there. So, I hope you enjoy this episode with Dr. Elena. Before we go over to that we are all about health optimisation, high performance, athletic performance. So, if you need any help with any of those areas of your life, please reach out to us, Support at lisatamati.com. Go and check out our website, lisatamati.com. You'll find all our programs, our Epigenetics Programs, our online run training system that's customised and personalised totally to you, and check out what we do. We love helping you be the best version of yourself that you can be. Now over to the show with Dr. Elena Servanova. Lisa: Well, hi everyone. Lisa Tamati here and very excited to have you hopefully join us this morning. It's 7:30am in the morning here in New Zealand. And where Dr. Elena Seranova is, it's very late at night. How are you doing, Dr. Elena? Dr Elena Seranova: Good, good. How are you? Happy to be here again. Lisa: Yeah, very excited for today's topic. So, we're going to be doing a discussion around autophagy and NAD boosters and sirtuin genes. So it’s going to be a really interesting discussion that is really beneficial for you if you want to know how to live longer, live healthier, and optimise your body and your mind and your potential. So, Dr. Elena, can you just tell us briefly a little bit about yourself? Dr Elena: Sure. So, I started my journey as a psychologist. So I'm an interdisciplinary scientist. I majored in psychology at first and then I had my own private practise for five years which turned out to be a successful wellness centre. And I really got fascinated by neuroscience and the brain. And for this reason, at first I started studying the brain myself and then I found an amazing master's degree at the University of Sheffield in Translational Neuroscience, which basically combined the research and neurodegeneration with applications that could translate into therapeutics. So, this is what translational neuroscience means, is basically the combination and the outcome of the research—the hardcore biology research that can be utilised for therapeutic approaches and patients. I really enjoyed that. So that was quite cool, being in the lab and doing molecular biology experiments and so on. So, I kind of fell in love with the lab, and I decided to do a PhD as well. I continued my studies in autophagy and stem cell biology and it was quite challenging, but at the same time, I really enjoyed it. And I can definitely say that science is a big part of my life. Lisa: Definitely your thing. Okay, so autophagy and stem cells. So in relation to neurodegenerative diseases in that case? Okay, but what is autophagy? Because a lot of people will be listening to it and go, ‘What the heck is that big word, autophagy’? It's sort of big word in biohacking circles, but perhaps not in the general public. Can you explain what autophagy is exactly? Dr Elena: Yes, sure. So, autophagy is a catabolic pathway that degrades dysfunctional organelles in the cell or protein pro aggregates. So, any material that is basically unwanted in the cell, autophagy can degrade. It's like the stomach of the cell. Lisa: So, it’s like eating it? It's eating, sort of... Dr Elena: Yeah, exactly. And what happens when autophagy is activated, we actually have the formation of the so-called phagophore, which is a membrane structure that basically engulfs different organelles and materials that need to be degraded to form the so called autophagosome, which is a round organelle that basically has this cargo that needs to be digested. That eventually fuses with lysosome. And lysosome is another acidic organelle that contains acidic hydrolases that are able to digest this cargo. And this process is very essential for the cell, it’s very vital. It's evolutionary conserved in all species, from yeast to models. And if it doesn't work well, the cell is basically in trouble because you have all this garbage... Lisa: Floating around. Dr Elena: ...floating around and there is nothing to remove them. So, this is why autophagy is important. And we have different pathways that autophagy can be activated through as well. So, one of those pathways is mTOR, mechanistic target of rapamycin. And then we have other pathways that can activate this process such as AMPK, GSK3, and so on. Lisa: So is this like, sorry to interrupt, but like because I know that people out there might be like, ‘Wow, that's a lot of big words and a lot of information’. So, is it like that the cell has to do a housecleaning, and it's got stuff inside the cell that is not working optimally, and needs to be gotten rid of, or is it the whole cell? So, it's not apoptosis. So it's not where the host is disintegrating? Dr Elena: No. Yeah, it's actually a—it's a pre-apoptotic pathway. So, before apoptosis is activated, we have autophagy. And if autophagy fails in what it needs to do, then we have activation of some apoptotic pathways. So, it's one step before that. And if everything goes well, and autophagy is functional—and by the way, in different diseases, we might be having different autophagy impairments at different stages of autophagy. So, it's either the initial phagophore formation, for instance, that it's not working well, and it can’t engulf the cargo, or it's insulator stages of autophagy, such as the acidic hydrolysis and the lysosomes that are actually not that acidic. So their pH is not acidic enough to digest the cargo. So, we might be having different defects in the autophagy pathway in different diseases. Lisa: That leads to apoptosis. Am I right? Dr Elena: And yeah, if autophagy is not doing its work correctly, then eventually we will have apoptosis. And actually, this is what we're seeing in in vitro models of neurodegenerative diseases as well. So, for instance, if autophagy is not working well. And we have, let's say, dysfunctional organelles, such as mitochondria—dysfunctional mitochondria that are not working well. Let's say they are depolarised. And there is an excess production of reactive oxygen species going on. Now, if nothing can degrade these dysfunctional mitochondria, you'll keep on having this accumulation of reactive oxygen species, which eventually will lead to DNA damage and deactivation of PARPs. And it's basically a death spiral that will keep on leading the cell towards death. Lisa: Okay, so what is a PARP? You mentioned PARP there. And just for the listeners, too. So, apoptosis is basically cell death, programmed cell death. So, this is not—what's the other one necrotic or something? Dr Elena: Necrosis? Lisa: Yeah, necrosis, where the cell dies for—necrosis. But this is sort of a natural programmed cell death. But we only want that if we're actually renewing the cells and we are wanting new stuff. So, before that, the body tries to do this autophagy process, is that how it works? And then what so what is PARP? What is PARP, because that’s the word again... Dr Elena: PARPs are a class of enzymes, and in order for them to function, they need a molecule called NAD, so nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. And they're actually competing for NAD in the cell. And whenever we have increased DNA damage, we would have the PARP activation as well. And this would lead to NAD depletion, which kind of brings me to my next point about what other enzymes consume NAD. And one of those enzymes are sirtuins, which are the so-called longevity genes that are basically responsible for multiple processes in the cell, including epigenetic regulation of gene expression. So, they do—because sirtuins are a class of enzymes that are also dependent on NAD, and they're all the deacetylase enzymes, meaning that they remove acetyl groups from the DNA. And as a result, they control which genes will be expressed in which tissues, which is very crucial for the cellular identity and for the proper function of different cells. So, sirtuins in a healthy cell, so sirtuin should be upregulated and they should be having this housekeeping gene—housekeeping function where they basically control what's going on with the DNA repair and also with the gene expression as well. And if we do have—when we do start having impaired autophagy, and let's say there is increased reactive oxygen species, because there are increased dysfunctional mitochondria in the cell, you will have in more activation of PARPs, and all of the NAD will start being drained from... And sirtuin will not have enough energy to function. So, those are actually quite an elegant interplay between autophagy and NAD and sirtuins. Lisa: Okay. Okay, can I just want to like put that back to you, so that we can slow down because we are going technical quite fast. And I think a lot of people might be like, ‘What the heck are they talking about’? So, the sirtuin genes, basically longevity genes, and then one of the jobs is DNA repair. And another of the jobs is to say which genes are actually being activated right now. And these sirtuin genes are also responsible, I think, for cell replication, is that correct? Dr Elena: The sirtuins are responsible for multiple functions, directly or indirectly. So, for instance, the sirtuin 3 gene is also responsible for mitochondrial biogenesis. And it's implicated in the amount of mitochondria that are being produced by the cell, which is related to cell replication eventually, because you do need to have enough ATP levels to replicate. Lisa: Right. Yeah. So, this has definitely to do with ATP production as well and mitochondrial health. So, these are doing all of these jobs, the sirtuin genes, they're very, very crucial genes in our genome. And these are preserved across every species, I believe? Every species on the planet? Dr Elena: Yeah. Also from yeast to humans, it's also—sirtuin genes are preserved very well. Lisa: And when things are preserved across species, then that gives a scientist an indication that this is probably a very important biological function and we need to have a look at this one because it's—from what I understand. Okay, so when you have activated PARP because you're not doing autophagy well and there's things going wrong, it's taking the NAD. So NAD is basically like a fuel source that both the sirtuin genes. And when PARP is activated, it's using to fuel its job. And so, this is competition for competing fuel sources. So, like if you imagine, you've only got one tank of fuel for your car, but you've got to go in two different directions and do two different jobs. You go, ‘How am I going to divide up my energy’? So, then it becomes important as to how much NAD we have in the body? So, what is NAD again? That says nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide? But what is that and how does it work? Dr Elena: Yeah, it does serve as a substrate for all of these enzymes, including sirtuins and PARPS and is basically a master regulator of metabolism. So, it's a very important molecule and it serves as—without NAD, the cell is not able to function properly just because this crucial molecule is implicated in so many different reactions. So, NAD is found in all living cells and organisms. This is also evolutionary conserved across species. And it exists in two forms, NADH and NAD+, which is the reduced and the oxidised form, respectively. And both of them are important. And both of them are implicated in multiple cellular reactions. Lisa: Is it going backwards and forwards in a cycle, NADH, NAD+, by donating electrons back and forth, sort of thing? Dr Elena: Yeah. Through electron transport chain in the mitochondria, yeah. So, this is why it's so important. And so, what we're seeing now in the latest advancements in longevity research is that we actually can supplement with different precursors of NAD, such as nicotinamide mononucleotide, for instance, NMN. And this is the supplement that my company... Lisa: See, you've now got that available on the market because this is such a crucial thing. Dr Elena: Exactly. And I think that it's really interesting to also say that when it comes to the interaction between autophagy and sirtuins, there is also another regulation of autophagy there. So sirtuin 1 is actually responsible for activating some transcription factors such as TFEB and FoxO3 that have to do with initiation of the autophagy process. So, for this reason, when we do have dropping levels of NAD, decreasing levels of NAD, and there is not enough NAD for sirtuins to do their job. And let's say again—let's talk about that previous example in neurodegeneration when you have increased reactive oxygen species, and you have increased the level of stress and oxidative stress and decreased activity of sirtuins. And not only the situation is already bad, but because sirtuin 1 doesn't have enough energy to function and to activate the TFEB and the FoxO3 transcription factors to initiate autophagy, now you have all of this dysfunctional mitochondria floating around and autophagy starts being impaired as well because we activated enough. So, it's a negative feedback loop which actually accelerates the scenario where the cell is going towards cell death, basically. Lisa: So that means like, if you don't have enough NAD, then your sirtuin 1 gene is not going to be able to initiate autophagy and clean up the cell and you're going to have dysfunctional mitochondria. Is that independent of the mTOR pathway? Or is that—am I getting confused? Dr Elena: So, okay. So, good question. So, what happens is there are some molecules that activates sirtuins. So, for instance, sirtuin 1 is activated by resveratrol, and this is something that has been demonstrated many years ago. So, when you have sirtuin 1 dependent activation of autophagy, you will be having it through an mTOR independent pathway. Lisa: So it's a fasting mimetic resveratrol. Dr Elena: Yeah, yeah. Yeah, absolutely. So, because we now know that the mTOR activity is not affected by intake of resveratrol. And this is quite crucial because actually, even if we want to activate autophagy, we shouldn’t do it through the mTOR pathway, this is not the preferred way, because mTOR is also responsible for growth and translation in the cell. So, this is not—it's also quite a key player in the cell. So it's a serine threonine kinase, and you actually don't want it to be activated at all times because this may lead other conditions. So, what we're focusing on at the moment is to find molecules that can activate autophagy in an mTOR independent manner. Lisa: Okay, so. So if the mTOR—cause MTOR is usually what's for growth it’s anabolic, it's causing growth. So for example, a bodybuilder goes to the gym, they're in an anabolic state, they are in an mTOR growth state. And when you have autophagy, that's sort of the opposite. So, it's a catabolic state where it's starting to eat itself. So, it’s mTOR, most people like do fasting for that reason to activate autophagy? Dr Elena: Yeah, this is another good point there. So, when we're fasting, and there is actually conflicting evidence out there as to when autophagy is fully activated. Usually, people say that around 24 hours, you start having the autophagy activation. There are others that swear by the ketogenic diet, and say that if you don't consume any carbs, you will get autophagy activation anyway. However, from what other researchers have found is that, if you are in a ketogenic diet, and you do consume meat, it depends on what kind of meat you consume that will either activate autophagy or not. And it all has to do with levels of different amino acids in the cell because autophagy is quite sensitive to nutrients and to nutrient starvation to be activated. If you have an abundance of amino acids, again, it will not be activated. So, for instance, one amino acid that activates autophagy very well is leucine. And if you're eating certain meat that are rich in leucine, this is probably not good for your autophagic state. Something else to keep in mind, and I've heard, I think it was Dave Asprey saying that if you can manage to be on under 15 grams of protein per day, you will probably keep the autophagy going. Lisa: Because a lot of people on keto think I can eat a lot of protein, which is a mistake, really. It isn't about having—that's interesting, because I had Dr. David Minkoff on my podcast, Pushing the Limits a while ago, and he has a product called PerfectAmino, which is really a 99% usable form of amino acids and combination. And I was interested, ‘Well hang on, if I'm heading there, which is going a lot of good things in the body. But is that going to inhibit my mTOR, or autophagy’? Sorry, because I've got too much leucine in there? Dr Elena: This is a very good point for all of this process food as well. So, for instance, there are some ready meals you can get or some protein bars that claim to have all the low carb and everything. And then they slam a badge on their pack saying that it's vegan as well. But then, why is it vegan if it has all the amino acids because that's one of the selling points when you're actually on a vegan diet, or you have some days where you are on a vegan diet. You want to get yourself in a state of partial amino acid depletion to get this beneficial effect of enhanced autophagy. And on intercellular toxins and so on. Lisa: Right, so for certain periods of time, you want to do this, and it's a cycling thing, you don't want to be completely deficient of aminos for too long because then your body will start to break down. Dr Elena: This is what I do personally as well. So, during the week, so I am a fan of cattle/carnivore diet. So, this diet is quite comfortable for me and I enjoyed it quite a lot. But then during my week I try to have some days where I'm either vegetarian or vegan, just because I want to have those benefits. Lisa: Yeah. Up and down. And then this seems to be a theme in biology all the time is that it's not one thing. It's not staying on keto for ever and ever, amen. It's about doing cyclic keto or cyclic vegan and it’s cyclic. And our body loves this push and pull—when there’s recovery and there’s growth and then clean up phase, growth clean up. So autophagy can be activated through fasting. It can also be active through having resveratrol and upregulating the sirtuin 1 gene, how else can we activate autophagy? Dr Elena: So there are different ways, there are different things you can really implement in order to activate autophagy. And I think that it all has to do with how you build your lifestyle in general. So, I think that in order for your body to function properly, you really need to have a kind of a healthy routine in general. And an analogy that I can give you there is that there are people that would buy a couple of supplements, and then they would be so proud of it. And then they would say, ‘Oh, yeah, but I'm taking those supplements now, and I'm so healthy’. And then their biorhythms are all off. They sleep at 5am every day. And they're eating crappy foods or super processed foods. Lisa: Yeah, it’s not going to work. Dr Elena: It’s all good. So, I think that when it comes to being healthy and activating your autophagy levels and having a healthy lifestyle in general, you need to start with the basics first. So, the intermittent fasting is definitely the first step to take in order to become a bit healthier. And from the research that I'm reading, and from the things that I'm implementing, I definitely believe that both anecdotal and scientific evidence point towards the fact that intermittent fasting is actually the way to go. I mean, there are conflicting opinions out there and there are pros and cons in every diet, and so on. And I get that. But I personally believe that with intermittent fasting, if you try to narrow down the window where you're uptaking food, this is very, very good for you. So, this is step number one. But then again, so either you're trying to raise your NAD levels, or you're trying to activate your autophagy, because those pathways are quite intertwined. And what you eventually want to do is you want to have increased levels of sirtuin, and sirtuin 1 in particular, and sirtuin 3, of course, and so on. And for this reason, in order to preserve this pool of NAD that is available for the sirtuin 1 to activate itself and activate the autophagy pathway. Another small tip that I can give is to actually avoid sunlight, which is something that people don't really consider. But what happens when we're exposed to sunlight, when our skin is exposed to sunlight for prolonged periods of time, we start getting the DNA damage. And when you get the DNA damage, you have PARP activation, and then again, you NAD pool... Lisa: Wow. I never connected those dots. That's really interesting. So, because—I mean, we need sun. We need sun for vitamin D and for our mood and all that sort of stuff. So, you're not saying don't have any sun. Dr Elena: Yeah, sure. Lisa: But because the sun is causing DNA damage, it's going to cause more PARP activation, it’s going to have the sirtuin genes going to repair the DNA, that's going to use up the body's resources is what you're saying. Okay, wow, that makes sense. Makes sense. And then by the same token, like things like smoking that breaks DNA, like no tomorrow. This is why smoking ages you is because of all the DNA breaks. And this is why, when you're in the sun for hours every day, you get wrinkly skin and you get collagen lost and all the rest of the things that are happening. So, anything that's going to be causing DNA breaks is going to cause you to age quicker. Dr Elena: Exactly. Lisa: Using up the resources basically. Wow, okay. Dr Elena: So it's obviously—you don't have to become a vampire and dissipate walk in the sun when you want to go somewhere. But sunbathing for hours is definitely not something you want to do with—to get your body go through, basically. So that's another tip. And then something else, really, really simple that can be implemented on a daily basis in order to maintain your sirtuin levels, and as a result, your autophagy levels, and your NAD levels is also to take a tablespoon of extra virgin olive oil, which contains oleic acid. And it basically does the same job as resveratrol. And it's interesting—I think that there's been a recent research article out that shows that like oleic acid might even be more efficient than resveratrol, in terms of activating sirtuin 1, which I think it's really, really cool. Lisa: So yeah. Well, combine the two. I do. Dr Elena: Yeah, absolutely. You can do that. And then, you need to make sure that the extra virgin olive oil is actually of a very good quality because there is a bunch of... Lisa: There is a bunch of rubbish out there. So, make sure it's from an orchard that you know, it's cold pressed, it's all those extra virgin, it's all that sort of good stuff. And not—how do they do it with solvents and stuff? Or that it's come from multiple orchards and being cut with other oils. It's a really, really important point. And then oleic acid does so much good things in the body. But isn’t that fat, Elena? Like lots of people are like, in their minds are going, ‘But oil is fat. It’s the same with MCT oil. Isn’t that going to make you fat when you eat fat’? Just going to put that around. Dr Elena: There are good fats and there are bad fats. So, olive oil is good fat. MCT oil is a good fat. Avocado is a good fat. So, not all thoughts are made equal. So, this is definitely something important to keep in mind, especially with a good quality extra virgin olive oil. Lisa: Because each one of our cells is a membrane that has a phospholipid, isn't it? So we need that, actually, this building of ourselves into the integrity. Dr Elena: We have a phospholipid layer in the brain as well. And this is why we actually supplement with omega 3 fatty acids, because this is what it does. So, this is what omega 3 fatty acids do. They go into the phospholipid membrane, and then they basically... Lisa: Make the integrity of that membrane better. Dr Elena: Yeah, they contribute to the healthy phospholipid layer in the brain. Lisa: So that's why it's very important for neurodegeneration to have omega 3s going in and again, people get quality omega 3s. Not your cheap supermarket ones that are perhaps oxidised and have been sitting on the shelves for six months. So really important to get a reputable source here. And omega 3 is of course in fishes as well, and krill, and so on. Okay, so but is there a downside to fat? Because I studied epigenetics and a lot of people's profiles come back with don't have too many fats. And it's been one of those things in my head is like ‘Why would some people not come back with you shouldn't have too much fat’? I mean, there are things like gall bladders been removed. That's a pretty specific thing. But is there a genetic component? And probably not your wheelhouse, really, but is there a genetic component to your ability to process fat? Dr Elena: There is a genetic component, and I've actually seen this with a family that has a history of very problematic digestion of fat, and so on. Absolutely. But yeah, again, not all fats are made the same. And when you cut off the bad fats from your life, things change and everything changes really. Lisa: Yeah, it really is very satiating, too to have a little bit of fat and that can really help with cravings and blood sugar spikes—we're getting off topic. So you have a company, NMN Bio, which produces nicotinamide mononucleotide supplement. And you've got a whole range of other stuff coming as well. Why did you decide like, you need to get this out there on the market? Based on your research and your knowledge around this area, why is it important that people take NMN if they're serious about slowing aging? Dr Elena: So first of all, I came across the biology of NAD and NMN during my PhD studies and my research kind of led me into this field because I was studying autophagy neurodegeneration. And actually, I still cannot disclose my research. Lisa: Yeah, it’s not published yet. Dr Elena: My research paper from my PhD is not published yet, but hopefully soon, so we're about to submit it quite soon actually. So for this reason, I started studying the biology of NAD and I actually saw how important and how crucial NAD is to the cell and what happens when we have a lack of NAD and depletion of NAD pools in the cell. And I've been supplementing with different kinds of vitamins and supplements my whole life really. So, I was watching closely this space for a while, and I was taking different supplements myself for a while. And so, when I came across NMN and I realised that actually there is this strategy where we can supplement with a precursor in order to increase our energy levels, I found it really, really interesting. And I thought to give it a go myself and try it out and see the results. And then what shocked me was that the immediate effect of the supplement—so within a few days, you can already feel a difference in your energy levels and your focus. And this comes from the fact that sirtuins are responsible for so many molecular processes in the cell. And this is why you have this effect, including the mitochondrial biogenesis, which gives you basically increased ATP, consequently. Lisa: You get actually more mitochondria. So, like, if you got heart disease... Dr Elena: The production of more mitochondria, and then they produce more ATP as a result. And then you have this magic energy, yeah. This is why I thought to bring this product into the market. And the other reason was that there was not enough reliable suppliers on the market, which is crazy, because it's actually quite a popular supplement. It's been on the rise, the interest was rising for the past couple of years, but what we're seeing is there is a lot of white labelling companies that don't offer any certificates of analysis and so on. And also, you have even big companies not offering proper certificates of analysis, which was me like, it was… Yeah, I don't understand. You have a big company, and you have just the purity report from like, 18 months ago, and you don't have any other analysis, such as heavy metals, or pH or microorganisms. So, the consumer is actually not confident in buying from you. And I wanted to deliver the best quality for myself and my family. And then I said, ‘Wait a minute. This is not done, right’. And this is why I launched the company because I wanted a company that was completely transparent. And I even say it on the website, that if you're interested in finding out who our suppliers are, and so on, and have any questions about our supply chain, just feel free to reach out to me. And I would be happy to disclose all of those things. There are other companies that you can't find any registration number, or who the founder is, and so on. And it's quite confusing, really, because like you— you don't know who you deal with. Lisa: This is the same with the whole supplement industry. On the one hand, it's good that it's not regulated by the FDA, and whoever else, there are authorities around the world. Because like, then—they are turned into the pharmaceutical industry, which don't get me started. But on the other hand, there's not enough regulation around the quality control. And one of the things when I was searching for NMNs, searching the world for it, I had to go overseas and import it to friends in America and get it out of there. And this is why I like—was super excited to discover your work. And then, we've since now made it available down here. So, we're going to branch down here in New Zealand for New Zealand, Australia. And I wanted someone who I could trust, who has all the scientific knowledge behind it, there's all lab tests, etc. And that was really important for me for quality. Just on a side note. So I've been taking NMN now for—I think—so five, close to six months. I've had a massive weight loss and so as my mum. Why would that be? Like, I didn't take it for weight loss. I wasn't overweight, per se. But I had a couple of kilos that I was quite clear to get rid of. And what I've noticed—because I'm an athlete, that's my background—I haven't lost an ounce of muscle, which has been really awesome because most people are struggling to keep muscle mass, lose fat mass. My mum has lost 11 kilos. And she is of a genetic body type that really struggles with weight loss. She's conservation metabolism, from a genetic point of view, very, very hard for her to lose weight. So, I've never seen this in the history of her entire life, since I've been around. The weights just dropped off her. Is this some sort of upregulation in the metabolic pathways? Is it improving the insulin resistance? What's it doing there to cause such weight loss without muscle loss? Dr Elena: Well, in my study so far, there's definitely evidence that it does improve insulin sensitivity, and it also improves the lipid metabolism profile. So those two are very important. And unfortunately, we don't have those studies in humans yet. But more clinical studies are on the way, and hopefully we'll have very good results this year with the NMN besides the safety studies that we already have in humans. So in mice, what we're seeing is that there is basically a reverse of type two diabetes, which is really impressive. And if you want to correlate this data into humans somehow, I would say that, obviously, I'm not a medical doctor, and this is not a medical advice, but I would say that it does have to do something with the metabolism, and it basically improves the way your body metabolises everything. And... Lisa: Worth trying and there's no downside to NMN. There's no, it's a vitamin B derivative, well then you will say to me, ‘Well, can I just take B3 and be done’? and it's like, no, it doesn't work like that, which should be a lot cheaper. Dr Elena: That’s the other impressive thing about this compound is that it actually doesn't have, if any, side effects at all. So even in studies with mice, where the dosage that they use in mice is actually much higher than it is in the one that we usually have in humans. So, for instance, if someone would take 500 mg, or one gram of NMN per day in humans. And then in mice studies, they use something like 200 mg per kilogram of weight, which is much, much more, and it still doesn't have any side effects. Lisa: Does it mean that we need higher dosages? Like in the human, or has it only been tested to one gram and why has it not been tested higher, if that's the case? Dr Elena: No, I think that there are studies underway for this as well. So eventually, we will find what is the ideal dosage for humans. I think that from anecdotal evidence, people can already see results from 500 mg or one gram and so on. There are people that take more. So, some biohackers say that they take two grams or four grams, and is still very well tolerated. But yeah, so far, it does not produce any side effects in terms of… Lisa: Any downside. Dr Elena: Basically. And, for instance, for myself, my stomach is quite sensitive. So, when I'm on an empty stomach, I can't take vitamin C or caffeine and I get nauseous and so on. And this is not the case with an NMN. So, I can take it first. It is very well tolerated on an empty stomach, very mild. I really love it. There’s so many reasons to love it. Lisa: Yeah, yeah, yeah, I have my morning and night. So, I'm on a gram a day. And is there any reason not to take it at night? So I split the dose—reasoning, thinking, keeping the levels up? Dr Elena: I mean, I would probably take it all in the morning, I think. There's been a study out that it can affect the circadian rhythms as well. And interestingly, it actually affects NMN—sorry—NAD levels affects the circadian rhythm. But it's not the other way around. So, NAD actually dictates the circadian rhythm in the body. So, for this reason, I would suggest to take it in the morning because then your whole body synchronise, then you wake up and you tell to your body that look, it's the morning now, and we're going to have increased NAD level. Lisa: Increase. Ohh okay. So, okay, I got that wrong. I haven't noticed that I've had worse sleep or anything like that, or any rhythm has been out. But I would definitely swap to doing—my thinking process around that was keeping the tissue saturated over a 24-hour period, as opposed to all at once and then perhaps dropping, but I don't know. What is the half-life of it? Do you know? Is there any sort of evidence around that? Dr Elena: I actually, not sure. No, no. Lisa: There’s no evidence yet. And so yeah, there's a ton of studies still being done that are currently, like this year, like going to be coming out, which is going to be really exciting. So that we're going to get more evidence. I mean, there's this stuff that I've been reading around fertility in animal studies, and they're starting to do human studies, which I personally am very interested in, in reversing aging of the ovaries and even with... I mean, the mice study was incredible around fertility, where the mice were postmenopausal, they actually knocked off any existing eggs with chemotherapy. And then gave them NMN and the mice went on to have babies. And there was a whole study. Dr Elena: This is why I get so excited about NMN and this is why it's my first product because frankly speaking as a scientist, I've never seen results like that with a natural compound. Lisa: No? Dr Elena: Because there is a bunch of natural compounds out there, there is a bunch of other supplements. And what we're talking about spermidine the other day... Lisa: Yeah, yeah, it's interesting. Dr Elena: ...another autophagy activator. Quite an interesting supplement, yes. By the way, it's also an mTOR, independent autophagy activator, which is good. Lisa: Another very good reason to take that as well. And we were looking into that aren’t we, Elena about adding that? Dr Elena: Yeah, absolutely. We will look into this, but again, you don't see results, like the ones that you see with NMN in multiple studies from other compounds, it's really fascinating. Lisa: Wow, so yeah, so there are other products that are going to... And this is a super exciting thing, like were our grandparents or our parents even didn't get the chance, like, with aging was aging, and there was nothing that you really could do to influence how fast you aged. They weren't aware of it. And later on, it's become well, if you eat better and you exercise a little bit more and you stop smoking and, and stuff, you’ll age slower. But now we're taking exponential leaps in our knowledge. I mean, I fell into this realm when I was reading Dr David Sinclair's book, who is a very prominent scientist at Harvard Medical School, and made his book, Lifespan, which I totally recommend people reading. I was just like, ‘Oh my gosh, if I can stay healthy now’, because I'm 52, ‘if I can stay like, really, in top shape for another 10 years, by then we're going to have stuff that will help me live really long’. And that really excites me. And not just live long, but live healthier. Dr Elena: That’s the important part. The important part is not to just increase your age, it’s to increase your health span. So, the time that you're spending being healthy. And what you're referring to is actually called the aging escape velocity, where basically we’ll have more advanced research coming in every year of our lives. And this will eventually expand our lifespan, which is amazing. And I also think that if we preserve ourselves well, we might as well see this in our lifetimes, which will be amazing. Lisa: Absolutely. And I want another few decades, please. Listening to Dave Asprey, who by far, got... Dr Elena: I want another like, few hundreds. Lisa: Yeah, well, I mean, I know it sounds ridiculous right now. But if you listen to Dave Asprey saying conservatively, and Dr. David Sinclair, too, like, conservatively, we could live to 150, 180, and beyond. Then once they crack the code, and they're actually able to turn the cells back to which they are working on right now. And which they can actually go in the petri dish, from what I understand like with skin cells and make them immortal. And they can't do it in humans because it's too risky, they could turn you into a tumour and stuff. But with the Yamanaka factors that were discovered a decade or so ago, they're actually able to turn the clock back to the point of you being a 20-year-old again. And this is like, ‘Wow, this is pretty exciting. Being able to regrow nerves, spinal injuries, people who have gone blind from macular degeneration’ — all of these things are coming down the line. This is very, very exciting. Dr Elena: There are several advancements in this field. So, as I said, my PhD is also in stem cell biology. So, I was working with human embryonic stem cells in the lab, and what they can do on a dish is just mind blowing. Because what I was able to do was to take human embryonic stem cells, and then dictate their fate, basically, with different growth factors, and then differentiate them into neural precursors at first. And then to push them further in order to become terminally differentiated neurons. And like four weeks later, you basically have a human brain in a dish and it's a primary human cells. And it's an amazing, physiological irrelevant human platform as well to study disease. And this is what I was doing during my PhD. So, I’ve seen it with my own eyes. And every time I would do, I would go through this process, I would differentiate the human embryonic stem cells into neurons. It would be as exciting as the first time because of what it represents, because it does represent the progress that we've made so far. And I personally started human embryonic stem cells for the sake of drug discovery. So, I wasn't interested—my project was not focusing on different therapeutic applications. However, I know that there are many advancements in this field as well. So, we do have clinics in America, where you can have a total body rejuvenation, stem cells, and so on. And this technology is definitely advancing. And I've been actually thinking about the application of this for myself. So as you know, I recently had a dental injury. This is something to keep in mind for the future. So perhaps in the near future, I can just inject myself with a bit of a stem cells there... Lisa: And that’s already happening to a degree. I mean, I've got a doctor friend up north, who's doing stem cell replacement for joints, and so on, for degenerative joints. Because stem cells, basically, for people who don't understand why this is important. The stem cell is the original like cell, but before it decides, ‘Am I going to become a skin cell, or a neuron or a liver cell’, it differentiates. So, it's a pluripotent stem cell, it can become anything. And so, in the lab setting, you're going to be able to say, ‘Well I want your cell to become a liver cell’. Will we eventually be able to grow organs that can be used for transplantation? Is that sort of one of the end goals? Dr Elena: Absolutely. And it's already been done with some organs. So for instance, I've heard that there is a research group that basically 3D-printed a functional thyroid gland from stem cells. Lisa: Wow. 3D-printed. So, the printer gets these differentiated cells somehow, and then makes it into a functioning organ that they will eventually—they're going to be able to actually transplant this into people and save the whole organ donation, horrific troubles that we have currently. Dr Elena: Yeah, exactly and I think that we're not too far away from this from whole organs being recreated in the lab. We already are able to actually do a 3D culture in the lab and create the so called organoids. So for instance, from stem cells, you can do a brain organoid, where you have a liposphere and it basically consists of different kinds of cells that you see in the brain. So it would have neurons, it would have glial, it will have astrocytes, and then it would have this brain organoid and then you can study it. So, we're already getting there. We’re close, we’re much closer than we thought we were 20 years ago. And I think that we're not far away from having different kinds of organs being grown in the lab for transplants and so on. Lisa: Hopefully not our brains because it's the seed of who we are. Honestly reading Dr Sinclair's book, I was like, ‘Am I in a Star Trek movie or something’? because it is pretty, pretty amazing. But when you do this, you also ask that to understand the whole process and how the whole thing functions, and then you can actually really slow down neurodegeneration and optimise things. And so the NMN that we're talking about right now is the beginning of this really exciting road, which we're going to be staying abreast of. And hopefully adding to what we have available to the consumer right now for prices that are not moon money, that it's out of anybody's reach, but actually what you can do today so that you can preserve your health. So that in 10 years’ time, when the real crazy stuff starts coming on line, you'll be able to live longer and healthier lives. And that's the whole goal of it. So before we just wrap up, I just wanted to reiterate again, so how is autophagy—can you just put that—how is autophagy related to NAD and sirtuin genes? Can you just put that two pieces together again, just repeat that a little bit? Dr Elena: Sure. So basically, what happens is that you do need autophagy to recycle different damaged organelles in the cell when something goes wrong. So, and this is quite prominent in neurodegeneration because the reason we have—let's say, aggregate from proteins in neurons and dysfunctional mitochondria and so on is because neurons are terminally differentiated cells. This means that they don't divide anymore. So, they rely on autophagy in order to have their housekeeping function because they can't divide the junk away. Okay. So that's the reason why autophagy is important in terminally differentiated cells such as neurons. Lisa: So there's no hay flick limit for a neuron. There is just only one—when a neuron becomes a neuron, that's a neuron. Okay. Dr Elena: Yeah, yeah. And then that's it. And what happens with the activation of autophagy, one of the signals is—comes through sirtuin 1, which basically can activate the transcription factors that are related to autophagy activation, which is the TFEB transcription factor, EB and FOXO, which are basically influenced the activation of autophagy. And more specifically, the mitophagy as well. So, mitophagy is the arm of autophagy that is responsible for the mitochondrial clearance in the cell. Lisa: Yep, so mitochondria, just for people, are the powerhouses of the cell. This is where a lot of—so all of the energy is produced, if you like. And so, this is why mitophagy, as opposed to autophagy, so mitophagy is doing the same process, but within the mitochondria to keep your mitochondria healthy. And if your mitochondria are not healthy, and they're dying, and you're not having enough mitochondria in your cells, then you are going to be sick. And that could be heart disease, it could be neurodegeneration, that could be anything. So, keeping your mitochondria healthy is the basis of all bloody disease, blatantly. Dr Elena: Yeah, exactly. So then, if you have impaired autophagy in the cell, and then you also have some sort of DNA damage going on, such as the one from reactive oxygen species, for example. And then what you have is the activation of the PARP enzymes. And PARP enzymes heavily rely on NAD levels in the cell in order to function. And NAD is also a substrate for the sirtuin genes that are responsible for also regulating a bunch of very healthy, a bunch of processes in the healthy cell. And for this reason, if you do have increased activation of PARPS, you will eventually get this NAD drain out of the cell. And this will not be enough in order for the sirtuins to function properly. And this will also deplete your autophagy. So, both NAD levels and autophagy are important to the cell. And fortunately for us, we can actually replenish the levels of NAD by supplementing with an ad precursor such as an NMN. Lisa: Okay, and so NMN has been proven to be by most of our bio available, because there's also like nicotinamide riboside which is used in a number of supplement companies that I know have nicotinamide riboside, but not many, there are some now, but have nicotinamide mononucleotide. Nicotinamide riboside is also a great molecule, but it's two steps away from becoming NAD. As long as it’s available. Dr Elena: Yeah, so nicotinamide riboside needs to be phosphorylated and fast converted to nicotinamide mononucleotide first. And then this will enter the cell and then this will increase the levels of NAD in the cell. And for this reason—so first, this area of research was focusing on the NR molecule, the nicotinamide riboside. But then when they started studying NMN, they actually saw that there is increased bioavailability and there is increased levels of energy that come after supplementation with NMN. Lisa: Can you take—because NAD is a molecule, you cannot just take it as a capsule, and then it's all good to go. Can you take it as an infusion because I have heard of NAD infusions. I mean, it’s not available here. Dr Elena: Well, and I'm curious myself about this, and I haven't done it, I haven't tested it. And from what I've seen—so the concentration of NAD in those intravenous injections is quite low. And I think that the same way that we have many opportunistic companies in the supplement field, we also have many opportunistic clinics that offer this kind of treatments. So, again, this is not something that I have studied in depth, and I actually don't know how much will it help. But yeah, I mean, this is another way to boost NAD, I guess, and you can try it out. But with oral administration of NMN, we do have evidence that it can boost the levels of NAD in the tissue and in liver tissue and muscle tissue, and so on. And also, it's much easier to do and it's obviously much cheaper because those injections cost a lot. Lisa: Yes, yeah. Just one last question in relation to antioxidants, because I mean 10 years ago or so we used to think our reactive oxygen species ,oxidative stress happens through the electron transport chain. When we're metabolising, and so on, we get all these oxidative stresses and free radicals running around. And if we take antioxidants, we're going to be counterbalancing that. Does supplementing with antioxidants, like vitamin D, like glutathione, like vitamin C, and so on, alpha lipoic acid, is that going to contribute, too, to the slowing of aging, because it's going to down regulate the PARP enzymes? Dr Elena: People were very optimistic about antioxidants, something like 20 years ago. And everyone was talking about it and so on. But actually, the big studies that have been done, have shown that by taking antioxidants, you actually do not suppress aging. And there are some biomarkers that might have changed in those studies. But most of the biomarkers that they measure stay the same. Basically, saying that antioxidant is not the... Lisa: Not the holy grail. Dr Elena: ...that everyone was thinking about. Lisa: Was hoping, yeah. Not to say that antioxidants don't have their place because they definitely do. Especially if you have a lot of oxidative stress, and you need to, like with vitamin C, if you're infected, or—I've done a whole series on vitamin C. But then it's not the holy grail for stopping the aging process, but it probably does help with not having so much PARP activation. I don't know, as a non-scientific brain, I'm just connecting dots. Okay, so I think it's probably we've— so from a lifestyle intervention, apart from taking NMN and resveratrol, and oleic acid or olive oil, intermittent fasting, is there anything else that we can add to our anti-aging regime on a lifestyle intervention side? Dr Elena: Intermittent fasting, and then avoid exposure to sunlight, as we said. And sirtuin genes are being activated from any kind of stress. And what we can do is we can also induce some sort of an artificial stress, which could be done, let's say with cryotherapy. This is what cryotherapy does. When you're exposed to cold, you also have this stress signal that activates sirtuins, or the other way around, so you can try out a sauna. And this will also have the same effect. So, I think this is also something to keep in mind. Lisa: Breathing, breathing. So, sort of tumour breathing, or, like what one half does all of that sort of stuff. So, there’s hormetic stressors, there’s exercise obviously, that cause a cascade of changes and make you stronger. And yeah, it's sort of a balancing act. You don't want to be doing exercise for Africa or really freezing yourself to death, but you just want to have a little stress to cause a change in the body. So these hormetic stressors can be very, very helpful. Okay, well, I think we've covered a very, very, very complex topic and I hope we didn't lose everybody on the way. But at the end of the day, take NMN, take resveratrol, take olive oil, do your exercise, get in the sauna, if you have a chance to do cold therapy, do that as well. Get your exercise, get your antioxidants in there as well, to a certain degree and you're going to be able to live long enough but until other things come online, and you'll be able to improve everything. Dr Elena: Sounds good. Lisa: Brilliant. So Dr. Elena, thank you very much. Dr. Elena has been on the show, NMN Bio. So we have nmnbio.co.uk in UK and in Europe, and nmnbio.nz if you're down at this end of the world. We'd love to help you over the air. If you've got any other questions, please reach out to us. And thanks very much for being here today. It's been really exciting. Dr Elena: Thank you, Lisa, thank you so much for having me. That's it this week for Pushing the Limits. Be sure to
WELCOME to The WELLNESS FOURplay Podcast Episode 18: AGING Part 4 - The Sirtuin Theory We KNOW that Knowledge is the "foreplay" to your Wellness, so we want to make sure you are equipped to be your OWN Super Hero in your wellness journey! Equipping you with the KNOWLEDGE you need to have the HEALTH you so desire! Every episode we ask FOUR questions about a specific health topic. Here they are: 1. SIRT WHAT? WHAT ARE SIRTUINS? Sirtuins are Proteins in our cells required for life that are responsible for the communication between the different working mechanism inside of our cells... from the nucleus to the mitochondria. There are SEVEN (7) different types of Sirtuins. The “Skinny Gene”. 2. WHAT DO SIRTUINS HAVE TO DO WITH AGING? Proper Sirtuin levels comes with a cascade of health benefits. Including supporting a healthy vascular system, maintaining cholesterol levels already in the healthy range, supporting the body's healthy inflammatory response, supporting joint health, heightening mental focus, improving mood, motivation, energy, and much more. Sirtuin activity declines as we age (60%). 3. WHAT DOES SIRTUIN DECLINE FEEL LIKE? Fatigue, Brain fog, Memory problems, Mood swings, Sluggishness, Lack of motivation, Delayed healing, Vision decline, Muscle weakness, Confusion, Hearing problems, Learning disabilities, Joint tension, Lack of mobility, Gut issues, Headaches, Difficulty breathing, and many other symptoms of poor health! 4. WHAT CAN WE DO TO PREVENT THE DECLINE OF OR RESTORE OUR SIRTUINS? Increase NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide)! Caloric restriction: 800 calories/day with Doctor supervision over an extended period of time can increase sirtuin activity by 94%. Runs risk of nutrient deficiency and attack on fatty organs. Long-term Exercise positively affects sirtuin activity and expression, resulting in better oxidative metabolism, increased biogenesis and mitochondrial function, as well as maintenance of the antioxidant system. Food: green tea, turmeric, onions, kale, parsley, miso soup, tofu/soy products, olives and extra-virgin olive oil, blackcurrants, capers, cocoa, dates and walnuts/ Pre-cursor Supplements: NMN, NR -Activate the NAD Pathway through Nutrigenomics, using nutrition and natural compounds to positively affect your DNA -Supports healthy longevity. Autophagy (removal of cellular waste). Improves mental focus and concentration. Supports positive mood and motivation. Boosts mental and physical energy. Supports body's healthy inflammatory response. Maintain cholesterol levels already in the healthy range. Supports healthy vascular system Equipping you with the KNOWLEDGE you need to have the HEALTH you so desire! #WellnessFourPlay #ProactiveWellness #AgingPartFour #DoYouFeelOld #Sirtuins #NAD #Energy #CellPower #TheBiohackingTeam #EmpoweredWellness #wellness DondeeAndMarci.com
CPS-1 activity is regulated by liver enriched transcription factors as well as Sirtuin-mediated de-acylation. Glutaminase breaks down glutamine into glutamate and ammonia. Glutamate also yields additional NH4+ via the enzyme glutamate dehydrogenase. From here, ammonia is initially incorporated into hepatocyte mitochondria and ultimately results in the formation of urea. Urea subsequently leaves the hepatocyte cytoplasm and is ultimately excreted in urine. Glutaminase-1 (GLS1) is a mitochondrial enzyme found in endothelial cells (ECs) that metabolizes glutamine to glutamate and ammonia and glutaminolysis modulates the function of human umbilical vein endothelia.Glutamine deprivation or GLS1 inhibition also stimulated the production of reactive oxygen species and this was associated with a marked decline in heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression. GLS1 inhibition also sensitized umbilical endothelia to the cytotoxic effect of hydrogen peroxide; a process that is blocked by the overexpression of Heme oxygenase 1. In summary, GLS1 promotes human endothelial proliferation, migration, and survival. SIRT4 might prevent CNS excitotoxicity and subsequent apoptosis by reducing glutamine synthesis while and upregulating glutamate transport into astrocytes where increased glutamate dehydrogenase activity removes the ultimate source of this neural degeneration mechanism. In the small intestine, SIRT5 causes deglutarylation and functional activation of glutamate dehydrogenase 1 leading to poor prognosis in colorectal cancer. Combined, this experimental evidence suggests that the modulation of mitochondrial Sirtuin activity to pharmacologically circumvent CNS pathophysiology may not be appropriate for cancers in the digestive system and that Sirtuin isoform expression and activity is highly nuanced. J Cell Mol Med. 2017 Sep; 21(9): 2036–2045 Hum Exp Toxicol. 2020 Jul;39(7):938-947 --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/support
Glutaminase breaks down glutamine into glutamate and ammonia. Glutamate also yields additional urea via the enzyme glutamate dehydrogenase. From here, ammonia is initially incorporated into hepatocyte mitochondria and ultimately results in the formation of urea. Urea subsequently leaves the hepatocyte cytoplasm and is ultimately excreted in urine. Sirtuin mediated control over glutamate dehydrogenase and carbamoyl-P synthetase via discrete and potentiating ADP ribosylation and deacylation is associated with pancreatic insulin secretion, hepatic amino acid utilization and the potential for pathobiochemical sequalae --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/support
The Pyruvate dehydrogenase hydrated E1-E2 interface is enthalpy driven, while the dehydrated E3-peripheral subunit binding domain complex is driven by entropy obtaining a favourable delta G= delta H-T delta S= -33.4kj mol where the domain interfacial hydration obtains surface thermal complementarity and contributes finally to an aggregate strength of multiple affinities of individual non-covalent binding interactions via enthalpy-driven catalysis. Lipoamidase activity of mitochondrial Sirtuin 4 modulates cellular fate by generating a debilitating removal of PDH-E2 dihydrolipoyllysine acetyltransferase-bound lipoic acid thus driving glutaminolysis over glucose oxidation. Cell. 2014 Dec 18; 159(7): 1615–1625. PNAS | August 23, 2016 | vol. 113 | no. 34 Structure VOLUME 13, ISSUE 8, P1119-1130, AUGUST 01, 2005 --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/support
In case you missed it, we are bringing back episodes from the archives all week, January 4 thru January 8th, in addition to our weekly episode. This week we launched our 2021 Exercise and Wellness Trends, a guide to the Top 16 ideas, rituals, and routines you should be adding to your life in 2021! HINT: David Sinclair,PhD, explains a few of the key longevity supplements, Resveratrol, NMN and NR we can be taking as we age and why. This is a replay of MOTM EP # 80. David is also on the pod MOTM EP #102 where he sheds light on COVID, Immune System Building and more. David Sinclair, Ph.D., A.O., is a globally renowned biologist and leading world authority on genetics and longevity. If you haven’t already read his incredible eye opening New York Times Best Selling book Lifespan, you are going to be ordering it for sure after this conversation. His revolutionary theory and idea’s on aging and why we don’t have to, which he presents in his Information Theory of Aging and writes about in the book, is based upon his research and studies over the past twenty five years. It is truly groundbreaking. This book is going to change your life, the way you think about aging, and your overall approach to health and the future of your healthcare. David and Marni caught up at Harvard Medical School where he is a Professor of Genetics and Co-Founding Director of the Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biological Mechanisms of Aging. On today’s episode David and Marni talk about the inspiration behind David's quest and path into science, genetics, epigenetics, and longevity, the hallmarks of aging, reversing the aging process and turning back your biological clock, activating your vitality genes and pathways, and easy to implement ways you can do this through intermittent fasting, exercise, and cold exposure and more. You will discover the science and emerging technology behind his Information Theory of Aging, Come to understand boosting Mitochondria, increasing NAD levels, and activating Sirtuin’s, learn how to Live healthier and stay younger thanks to his roadmap for taking charge of your health and destiny. David talks about his theory that aging is a disease and by reversing its effects, you can possibly prevent such as age related diabetes, heart disease, Altheimers, infertility and more. David Sinclair’s obtained his Ph.D. in Molecular Genetics at the University of New South Wales, Sydney in 1995. He is also the co-founder of several biotechnology companies and is on the boards of several others. co-founder and co-chief editor of the journal Aging. He is an inventor on 35 patents and has received more than 25 awards and honors including being one of Time Magazine’s Top 100 most influential people in the world (in 2014) and Top 50 People in Healthcare (2018). We hope you enjoy. If you like what you here, leave us a review on Apple. Connect @Lifespan on Instagram, Twitter and Facebook @MarniOnTheMove Instagram, Facebook, or LinkedIn
Dr. Ernst reviews the power of the SIRTUIN diet. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
Metabolic syndrome (MetSyn)is a dyslipidaemic chronic and aging linked sedentary life-style constellation of disease presentations including metabolic disorganization, prodromal Type 2 diabetes and a prominent connection to hypertension-most prominently associated with over-eating and obesity. MetSyn is often prolegomena to middle-age onset CVD, cancer and neurodegeneration. High caloric density soluble carbohydrate nutrition, lack of fasting and the species-specific metabolic inability to convert fatty acids into glucose via gluconeogenesis, provide a pathobiochemical poise toward MetSyn. As Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD+) levels decline with age and obesity a potential suppression of NAD (H)-dependent enzymes in oxidative phosphorylation, the TCA cycle, and glycolysis resulting in suppressed ATP production can trigger the AMPK mediated transcriptional activation of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) leading to morbidity and mortality in the advanced aged human. However, NAD+ essential DNA Damage Repair and Sirtuin-mediated deacetylation of histone-associated chromatin may exacerbate aging and both neurodegeneration and tumorigenesis. Published and produced by Dr. Daniel J. Guerra, Authentic Biochemistry 17 December 2020. DONATE to Authentic Biochemistry Podcast!!! J Biomed Sci. 2019; 26: 34 Front. Genet., 12 March 2015 BioEssays, 2017. Volume: 39, Issue: 5, --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/support
Hannah and Tareq get into the sirtfood diet. It's all based on promoting the activity of molecules in our body called sirtuins. Promises of weight loss... longer life.... gorgeous skin... what's new? We'll get into it. It's one of the current popular celebrity diets of choice! Should you be on it too? JK we would never recommend a fad diet. But, we WILL break one down and talk about the nutrition science behind it! Also listen to us try to figure out what the Krebs cycle is... If you got this far, DM us what project you've given up on. Thanks, Lauren!BS of the Week: Bloating. Hannah tells us all about why feeling bloated isn't always a bad thing and why our obsession with "de-bloating" remedies has gone too far. Listen up!Follow us on Instagram: @nobsnutritionpod @hannahmagee_rd @tareqneuroFollow us on Twitter: @nbsnpod @hannahmagee_rd @tareqneuroLinks:“Is there really any science behind the Sirtfood diet?”Matthew Haines“Impact of Nutrition on Short-Term Exercise-Induced Sirtuin Regulation: Vegans Differ from Omnivores and Lacto-Ovo Vegetarians” (Potthast et al., 2020) The Sirtfood Diet: Everything You Need to Know - Jenny ProudfootAnd in honour of Lauren's genius:Follow Lauren’s Instagram: @tastingtothrive_rdSubscribe to Lauren’s Youtube Channel
In this episode, Dr Thomas Hemingway will explain the role of NAD+ (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and how NAD+ is a coenzyme found in every living cell in your body and is crucial to your production of cellular ENERGY as well as important in DNA repair and LONGEVITY.He will explain in simple terms the important physiologic role of NAD+ and how WE can MAXIMIZE its production and use in our body to have MORE ENERGY as well as improved LONGEVITY with its role with the SIRTUINS.NAD+ can be increased through healthy FOODS such as natural milk, eggs, proteins from fish, red meat and organs as well well sourced chicken, in addition from green vegetables such as asparagus, lentils, lima beans and mushrooms such as the Crimini mushroom as well as fermented foods such as kimchi and sauerkraut and even in natural whole grains (unblemished by bleach and industrialized processing) and yeast (such as whole grain natural bread from a starter yeast).Besides OPTIMIZING our INTAKE in our FOOD, we can INCREASE NAD by:-Moderate regular Exercise-Adequate Sleep and Circadian Balance (see previous podcast on circadian rhythm)-Mindful Eating or Intermittent Fasting (Time restricted eating)-minimizing alcohol use as NAD can get used up in the metabolic breakdown of alcohol in the body.-moderate, NOT excessive exposure to the sun-minimizing inflammatory foods such as processed foods or seed oils and refined sugars as NAD is used to "cleanup" after this dirty metabolism of nonnatural foods and gets depleted in the metabolism of processed foods-may also increase NAD through supplementationWhy NOT have the ENERGY of a 3 year old, you CAN do this through OPTIMIZING your NAD! HAVE A LISTEN!!!Learn more about Thomas Hemingway, MD and upcoming episodes, tips, tricks and more here: www.modernmedicinemovement.comAsk to join his FREE Private Facebook health Group with weekly LIVE educational sessions entitled:Modern Medicine Movement Health and Wellness Grouphttps://www.facebook.com/groups/2543880582493990/?ref=shareAlthough Dr. Thomas Hemingway is a physician, he is NOT your physician and is NOT to replace your primary care physician/health care provider. This podcast is NOT to be construed as medical advice by Dr. Thomas Hemingway or the guests comments as they are opinion only and NOT medical advice. Please consult your physician/health care provider should you have any medical questions or before trying any new practice. References mentioned in this podcast include:Scientific American Beyond Resveratrol: The Anti-Aging NAD Fad by David Stipp, March 11, 2015.
If you had the chance to slow down the aging process, would you take it? This sci-fi concept may sound like something from a Star Trek episode. But with new research coming to light, anti-aging fiction could very soon be a reality. Maybe it’s all in the genes. WELCOME TO THE DARIN OLIEN SHOW. On this podcast, you’ll hear me, Darin Olien, “the superfood hunter,” have honest conversations with the extraordinary people that inspire me. I hope that through their knowledge and unique perspectives, they’ll inspire you, too. Although our ideas and approaches to life may differ, our ultimate goal is the same- to save the planet one conversation at a time. So, if you’re interested in expanding your view of the world by learning new perspectives on health, nutrition, and healing the planet, this podcast is for you. Dr. David Sinclair is trying to put a stopper in the aging process. In fact, he’s the one leading the charge. David is the Australian-born Harvard Medical School professor of genetics. He’s also co-director of the Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging Research at Harvard Medical School. On top of all that, he’s also a Professor and Head of the Aging Labs at UNSW, Sydney, and an honorary Professor at the University of Sydney. Like many pioneering scientists, he hasn’t been immune to controversy. But, if you Google his name, you’ll see a laundry list of accolades. Especially within the area he’s best known for is, which are genes and small molecules that delay aging. He is currently spearheading the research into gene function in the aging process, with a really heavy focus on the Sirtuin genes. Dr. Sinclair and his team are also trying to lift the lid on exactly what roles resveratrol and NAD precursors play in the anti-aging process. Alongside this, David has published over a whopping 170 scientific papers, is a co-inventor on over 50 patents, and co-founded multiple biotech companies in the areas of aging and biodefense. Oh yeah, and he’s the author of Lifespan: Why We Age and Why We Don’t Have To, which shot him to number 11 on the New York Times bestseller list in just over a week. One of David’s most recent claims to fame was his selection to be one of Time Magazine’s 100 Most Influential People In The World. Now that is impressive. In this conversation, Dr. Sinclair and I get right into the fantastic family of proteins known as Sirtuins and their role in the aging process. We also look at how Intermittent Fasting could turn back the clock. We get into how it all started with yeast cells, and why David is so interested in the NMN molecule. Other great topics we cover: The role Sirtuin genes play and why they’re so bossy Epigenetics and why biological stress isn’t such a bad thing Intermittent fasting and what skipping a meal can do for your body What is Resveratrol and how does it affect the body? Why the NAD molecule is so vital for every living organism The Zombie cells that wreak havoc on your health What David is so excited about for the future of anti-aging science Epigenetic reprogramming and reversing the ticking clock inside us all David’s take on stem cells and how they contribute to the aging process When you should really start taking care of your body Links: David on Facebook David on Twitter David on Instagram – @davidsinclairphd David Sinclair Lab – Harvard Medical School Lifespan Website - Be sure to sign up for Dr. Sinclair’s Newsletter! Paper on Olive Oil and SIRT-1 Activation Netflix’ Down To Earth’ Official Trailer Want amazing skin using all-natural wild-harvested ingredients? Get Caldera Lab’s “The Good” - Use code “DARIN” for 20% off your first order. The Darin Olien Show is produced by the team at Must Amplify. If you’re looking to give a voice to your brand, and make sure that it’s heard by the right people, head to www.mustamplify.com/darin to see what Amplify can do for you.
Nuclear factor interleukin 3 (NFIL3, also known as E4-binding protein 4, E4BP4) is a repressor of numerous genes. NFIL3 contains a basic leucine zipper domain, comprising amino acids 73–146, among 462 residues; the N-terminal part of this domain directly binds to DNA, while the C-terminal region is responsible for homo- or heterodimerization of the protein. Amino acids 299–363 comprise a transcriptional repression domain where the N-terminal part of this domain directly binds to DNA, while the C-terminal region is responsible for homo- or heterodimerization of the protein and amino acids 299–363 comprise a transcriptional repression domain. Please SUBSCRIBE and help out with $ donations! --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/support
Sirtuins are protein deacetylases with multiple isoforms active in the nucleus, cytosol and mitochondria all serving unique functions and requiring NAD+. These sirtuins function to condense chromatin and yet protein abundance has less to do with potency than does the availability of NAD+ which can be synthesized from multiple routes. Furthermore, SIRT1 has been associated with antagonizing age-related decreases in the amplitudes of the SCN output obtaining age-linked differentiating phases of increases and decreases observed within a circadian cycle.. References: Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Mar; 20(5): 1223. PLOS One November 25, 2014 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0113939 Circ Res. 2018 Sep 14; 123(7): 868–885 --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/support
Dear Listener, Welcome back to Vive Nutrition Radio. In today's episode we dissected a new diet making headlines thanks to famous Adele and her weight loss transformation which she may have attributed to this type of eating. In this chat chat, registered dietitians Tony, Dezi, and Andres explained the research behind sirtuin and the rationale (or lack of) this diet. Here are the cliff notes What is the SIRTfood Diet? What are the phases and how does it work? Sirtuin proteins and what do they do The importance of relevant research behind diets What a recent meta analysis that looked at 14 different diets found in 6 and 12 months What do all diets have in common and why are they effective? And more… Resources cited https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23043250/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24069505/ https://www.bmj.com/content/369/bmj.m696 Here is how you can connect to each one of the hosts Antonio Castillo https://www.instagram.com/coach_tonycastillo/ Dezi Abeyta https://www.instagram.com/fitdadscoach/ TO CONNECT WITH ME On Instagram: www.instagram.com/andresayesta On TikTok: https://vm.tiktok.com/tLLoyS/ On Youtube www.youtube.com/c/vivenutrition Podcast IG page: www.instagram.com/vivenutrition On Facebook www.facebook.com/vivenutrition Our Facebook Community: https://www.facebook.com/groups/1934943366627043/?ref=bookmarks FREE RESOURCES To download my Macro Counting Guide tap here To download my Intermittent Fasting FREE course tap here FOR NUTRITION COACHING Apply here at www.vive-nutrition.com/online-coaching
Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.08.13.242230v1?rss=1 Authors: Sadegh, C., Ebina, W., Arvanites, A. C., Davidow, L. S., Rubin, L. L., Macklis, J. D. Abstract: During late embryonic development of the cerebral cortex, the major class of cortical output neurons termed subcerebral projection neurons (SCPN; including the predominant population of corticospinal neurons, CSN) and the class of interhemispheric callosal projection neurons (CPN) initially express overlapping molecular controls that later undergo subtype-specific refinements. Such molecular refinements are largely absent in heterogeneous, maturation-stalled, neocortical-like neurons (termed 'cortical' here) spontaneously generated by established embryonic stem cell (ES) and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) differentiation. Building on recently identified central molecular controls over SCPN development, we used a combination of synthetic modified mRNA (modRNA) for Fezf2, the central transcription factor controlling SCPN specification, and small molecule screening to investigate whether distinct chromatin modifiers might complement Fezf2 functions to promote SCPN-specific differentiation by mouse ES (mES)-derived cortical-like neurons. We find that the inhibition of a specific histone deacetylase, Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), enhances refinement of SCPN subtype molecular identity by both mES-derived cortical-like neurons and primary dissociated E12.5 mouse cortical neurons. In vivo, we identify that SIRT1 is specifically expressed by CPN, but not SCPN, during late embryonic and postnatal differentiation. Together, these data indicate that SIRT1 has neuronal subtype-specific expression in the mouse cortex in vivo, and its inhibition enhances subtype-specific differentiation of highly clinically relevant SCPN / CSN cortical neurons in vitro. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info
In this lecture I gather some of the notable molecular components of age-related decline and the contrarion opposition imposed by cell proliferation. Published 30 July 2020. DJGPhD. --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/support
Jeder von euch hat bestimmt schon von der sogenannten Sirtfood Diät gehört. Die Sängerin Adele hat mit dieser bereits enorme 45kg abgenommen. Aber wie funktioniert diese Diät, was isst man dabei und wem kann diese Diät helfen? Liste an Sirtuin–reichen Lebensmitteln: • Buchweizen • Rucola • Kapern • Olivenöl • Rote Zwiebeln • Garnelen • Grünkohl • Chilis • Schokolade mit einem Kakaogehalt von über 85% • Blaubeeren • Erdbeeren • Äpfel • Ingwer • Walnüsse • Petersilie • Kurkuma • Knoblauch • Soja • Sellerie • Grüner Tee • Schwarzer Kaffee Wie seht ihr diese Diät? Schon probiert? Konntet ihr euer Gewicht damit langfristig halten und fühlt euch rundum wohl? Ich bin gespannt was ihr mir dazu in die Kommentare schreibt! Schaut auch auf meine Profile: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/tobias.fister/ Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/tobias.fister.gesundheit/ Website: https://www.tobias-fister.de
Have a question you'd like Ben to answer on the podcast? or use the 'contact' button in the free Prior to asking your question, do a search in the upper right-hand corner of this website for the keywords associated with your question. Many of the questions we receive have already been answered here at Ben Greenfield Fitness! News Flashes... for more... -Training plans, home biohacks for the coronavirus...2:55 Book: by Anders Olsson Book: by Patrick McKeown about the Wim Hof breathing technique Book: by Frank Shallenberger (use code BEN100 for $100 discount) for HBOT (use code BEN10 for 10% discount) (use code BEN for a 5% discount) Book: by T. C. Randall and - 2:1 ratio in to increase body alkalinity (code GREENFIELD for a 10% discount) Peptides Thymosin α (Tα-1) LL-37 (use code BEN for 15% off purchase and 10% off subscriptions) for (use code BEN for a 10% discount) PEMF mat More news flashes...34:30 . Diets, supplements, exercise, meal timing, blah, blah, blah…best one for WEIGHT LOSS MAINTENANCE? Physical activity. Want to build muscle? Sleep more. Sleep deprived? . Listening to Fast-Tempo Music Delays the Onset of Neuromuscular Fatigue: . I personally save music for the hardest workouts and recommend ! I wonder how many people are going to read this, quit exercising, and just take a nice hot bath instead. . Resources mentioned: Book: by Anders Olsson Book: by Patrick McKeown about the Wim Hof breathing technique Book: by Frank Shallenberger (use code BEN100 for $100 discount) for HBOT (use code BEN10 for 10% discount) (use code BEN for a 5% discount) Book: by T. C. Randall (code GREENFIELD for a 10% discount) (use code BEN for 15% off purchase and 10% off subscriptions) (use code BEN for a 10% discount) mat PEMF Podcast: Study: (use code BEN for a 10% discount) (use code BEN for a 10% discount) (use code BEN20 for a 20% discount) Dirty Electricity Filters (you can also buy Faraday paint from this website) - use code BEN Ketone Ester (use code BENfor a 15% discount) (use code GREENFIELD10) organ complex capsules organ complex capsules (use code BENGREENFIELD10) (use codes BEN25 for Chili/ BEN15 for Ooler) Special Announcements... . Ben Greenfield's new book “Boundless” is now available! Check out Ben on for epic posts and photos about his morning, day and evening routines, recipes, and much more! Follow Ben on for daily news flashes and the latest health, fitness, and anti-aging research. Join Ben's page for conversations with listeners and even more useful information, posts, and support! Here's where Ben is speaking and traveling around the world coming soon: April 4 - 6, 2020: Wild Health Virtual Summit. An event at the Kentucky Castle designed for physicians to teach and promote genomics-based precision medicine. Open to the general public. July 14 - 16, 2020: Paleo f(x) – Austin, TX. Join me and dozens of health and fitness experts to discover the latest breakthroughs in epigenetics, biohacking, Keto, AIP, nootropics, blood testing, strength conditioning, sleep, stress and much more. Try out delicious new foods, discover new workouts, and even try new gadgets in the biohacking lab. . This podcast is brought to you by: -: My personal playground for new supplement formulations, Kion blends ancestral wisdom with modern science. Ben Greenfield Fitness listeners, receive a 20% discount off your entire order when you use discount code: BGF20. -: Now you can get all your healthy superfoods in one glass...with No Shopping, No Blending, No Juicing, and No Cleanup. Get a 20% discount on your entire order when you use discount code: BENG20 -: A wellness company specializing in innovative nutraceuticals made from healing hive compounds and plant-based ingredients. Get 15% off your order when you use discount code: BEN -: 100% grass-fed AND grass-finished. Keto friendly and higher levels of Omega 3 Fatty Acids. Receive a 15% discount off your order when you go to Listener Q&A: Should You Get Rid Of Your Smart Meter?...45:12 Barbara asks: My apartment building, which is possibly near a fault line, has recently installed smart meters. These smart meters have really affected my quality of sleep and I've begun having muscle spasms since they were installed. There are gas meters in each apartment and a bank of electric meters in the basement. I am considering the Acoustimeter and/or PF-5 to check for dirty electricity in my apartment, and would like to know your thoughts. In my response, I recommend: Article: (Idahoans for Safe Technology) (use code BEN for a 10% discount) (use code BEN for a 10% discount) (use code BEN20 for a 20% discount) Dirty Electricity Filters (use code BEN) WiFi router (you can also buy Faraday paint from this website) Book: EMF'd by Dr. Mercola Ketone Esters - recommend or (use code BENfor a 15% discount) Sirtuin precursors - NAD (use code GREENFIELD10) ) Beef Organ Capsules vs. Multivitamins...1:10:10 Logan asks: I want to know your thoughts on supplementing with beef organs vs. a traditional multi-vitamin, and what gaps I might need to be aware of in my nutrition. I've been doing this for about 6 weeks and am feeling great. I want to get your take on things I might need to be aware of. In my response, I recommend: organ complex capsules organ complex capsules (use code BENGREENFIELD10) How To Cool Your Body During Sleep...1:18:08 Tim asks: I've been struggling with sleep issues for many years and have tried many things. At the moment, I'm looking at two devices: The Chilipad, which cools the body, and Ebb Sleep which cools the brain, particularly the pre-frontal cortex. I'm curious if you have an opinion on the efficacy of one over the other. In my response, I recommend: The (use codes BEN25 for the Chili/ BEN15 for the Ooler)
What if you could reverse the aging process? Sounds like science fiction, but the new science of aging is turning it into science fact. Today, we learn the truth about aging and how to potentially slow, stop and even reverse it from one of the world's leading voices in the science of aging, David A. Sinclair, Ph.D. He is a Professor of Genetics at Harvard Medical School, co-Director of the Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging Research at Harvard Medical School, Professor and Head of the Aging Labs at UNSW, Sydney, and an honorary Professor at the University of Sydney. Best known for his work on genes and small molecules that delay aging, including the Sirtuin genes, resveratrol and NAD precursors, he has published over 170 scientific papers, is a co-inventor on over 50 patents, and has co-founded 14 biotechnology companies in the areas of aging, vaccines, diabetes, fertility, cancer, and biodefense. And he's the author of Lifespan: Why We Age and Why We Don't Have To.You can find David A. Sinclair, Ph.D. at: Website | InstagramCheck out our offerings & partners: OMGyes!: The Science of Women's Pleasure. Go to OMGyes.com/goodlife for a special discount.Mint Mobile: To get your new wireless plan for just $15/month, and get the plan shipped to your door for FREE, go to mintmobile.com/goodlife
Paul Saladino is back. The CarnivoreMD, after originally appearing on my show in the episodes... - - ...has just put the finishing touches on his new book , and graciously agreed to record an epic solosode for my listeners in which he delves into all the questions you asked him in the comments section after our first couple episodes together. Prepare for a complete carnivore education, including: -How Paul defines the carnivore diet...5:42 It's a diet that emphasizes and focuses on animal foods The majority of our nutrients comes from animal foods Aware of plant toxicity; minimal (or no) plant matter The best place for vitamins and minerals is animals, with the exception of Vitamin C "Nose to tail" idea Most toxic plant foods: Grains, legumes, nuts, seeds Seeds are highly defended by the plants; high levels of toxicity Most leafy greens are toxic for humans High oxalate foods - almonds, root veggies Moderately toxic: High fructose foods: honey, berries Sweet potatoes, other sweet tubers and roots Least toxic: Avocados, olives, squash A carnivore diet is not simply muscle meat Nose to tail Includes bones, marrow, cartilage Carnivore diet is a "soft" keto diet 1:1 ratio (1 gram of protein per pound of body weight) -How the carnivore diet affects athletic performance...17:25 1. 2. 3. Ensure you check your salt levels if on a low-carb diet (10+ grams per day) -How to get adequate iodine while on the carnivore diet...29:30 (from the ground in Utah) No microplastics 10 g of Redmond has 150 mcg of iodine (equivalent to the RDA) Red meat Egg yolks (100 mcg w/ 4 egg yolks) Don't take too much iodine -Whether the entire global population could be on a carnivore diet...32:45 Is the current agricultural system working? Currently U.S. system is mono crop agriculture (nutrient depletion, no animals to replenish nutrients) Just plants on land is "feed lot feeding" of plants Regenerative agriculture (ecosystem feeding) Grass feeding and finishing is the optimal situation Regenerative agriculture is carbon negative is a good example of regenerative agriculture Multiple species on the same lot reduces parasite presence The current agriculture system is unsustainable -Why the stressor of eating plants is different from a "good" stressor like exercise...42:09 Plant molecules are plant pharmaceuticals Plant and human biochemistry and mutually dependent There is no "package insert" of side effects that comes when eating plants Paul's talked about "collateral damage" in plants Plants ameliorate symptoms, not treating the root cause Glutathione levels in cold water study We don't need sulforaphane to get adequate glutathione If we live a "radical lifestyle" of environmental hormetics, we don't need the plant molecules Studies referenced: 4. -How the carnivore diet activates pathways in our bodies...54:50 Environmental hormetics: heat, cold, exercise, etc. Nrf2 pathway is affected positively by plant intake Sirtuin pathways activated by resveratrol Doses in a nose to tail diet are adequate Studies referenced: 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. -Do PH levels reach acidic levels on the carnivore diet?...1:13:36 Yes, if it is not constructed properly Acid load is balanced on: protein and minerals If we get enough minerals, it will balance the protein acidity Many on the carnivore diet don't get enough calcium Many minerals that are only present in bones Bone broth is the easiest way to do this (just add vinegar) Studies referenced: 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. -IGF and mTOR when it comes to the carnivore diet...1:26:32 The Switch by James Clement No ketones in the blood is not a good thing Depleted liver glycogen produces ketones High carb diet will activate mTOR Balance w/ intermittent or complete fasting Gain muscle on a carnivore diet by eating more frequently: 4 oz. of meat 3-4 times a day Paul's podcast w/ -Is the carnivore diet a concern for Alzheimers?...1:30:57 APO e4 is a variant of apolipoprotein E It is the most ancestral isoform "It was eating meat that made us human" Paul's podcast w/ APO e4 is only an issue if we're insulin resistant The vast majority of Americans are insulin resistant It can be beneficial in populations that are not insulin resistant Remain in the elite of the population (insulin sensitive) Studies referenced: 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. -What about doing a carnivore diet w/ FTO mutations and are an over methylator?...1:42:28 Saturated fats come from mislabeled trans fats or junk food People who eat animal products eat more healthy saturated fats Epidemiology can only produce hypotheses Paul's typical daily diet: 16 oz. grass fed organic steak 85 g of suet mixed w/ homemade bone broth 4-5 egg yolks w/ a generous serving of salt For dinner: all of the above, plus liver, brain, heart, suet w/ bone broth and salt There are no over or under methylators Get riboflavin from organ meats and heart (need 2-3 mg per day) -What do Paul's lab results look like?...1:50:00 No correlation between HDL when LDL rises and cardiovascular disease The higher the LDL, the longer we live (provided we're insulin sensitive) -Rapid fire questions...1:53:54 How long should you do the carnivore diet before you know of its efficacy? No "cheat days" - don't reward yourself w/ bad food Carnivore diet benefits is from an immunological perspective Minimum 60 day reset is advocated in the book Are chicken and eggs okay on the carnivore diet? Info that says animal products are low in Vitamin K count only Vitamin K1; they are high in Vitamin K2 Eggs are fine; Paul prefers the yolks only What parts of the animal should you not eat? The adrenals Does Paul take supplements? None at the moment Would a woman need time to adapt to the carnivore diet? Is the carnivore diet advisable for pregnancy, breast feeding or children? -Phospholipid forms of DHA w/ the carnivore diet...2:01:48 We get phospholipids from our food Paul is not a fan of omega 3 supplementation (they're highly oxidized) -Do cruciferous vegetables cause hypothyroidism?...2:05:23 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. -And much more! Resources from this episode: - -BGF podcasts w/ Paul Saladino: - podcasts mentioned: - - -Ben's new album, -Studies mentioned by Paul: Episode sponsors: -: Carefully selected and roasted for taste, purity, high antioxidants and health. BGF listeners receive a 20% discount when you use discount code: BGF20 -: A new take on an ancient secret: Pain-soothing herbs, incredible antioxidants, and phytonutrients all in one delicious, soothing “Golden Milk” nighttime tea! Receive a 20% discount on your entire order when you use discount code: BENG20. -: Delivers healthy 100% grass-fed and finished beef, free-range organic chicken, and heritage breed pork directly to your door on a monthly basis. All their products are humanely raised and NEVER given antibiotics or hormones. 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It’s my book’s birthday week! The Carnivore Code has arrived! This week’s podcast is an intense AMA I did for Ben Greenfield’s show which I reposting here. As you can see from the time stamps, in this monologue I cover a LOT of ground and dig into many of the common questions which arise on a carnivore diet. Time Stamps: 8:10 Start of the podcast 9:30 How would Paul define a carnivore diet? 11:25 Spectrum of plant toxicity. 15:40 Nose to tail carnivore. 17:00 Getting enough protein on a carnivore diet. 21:10 How does a carnivore diet affect athletic performance? 21:55 Faster study. 28:25 Effect of 4 week very low carbohydrate diet on high intensity interval training responses 29:45 Keto adaptation enhances exercise performance. Body composition responses to training of endurance athletes (study). 32:20 Salt requirements on low carbohydrate diets. 34:20 Sources of iodine on a carnivore diet. 35:40 Dangers of excess iodine. 36:30 Sustainability of a carnivore diet. 40:00 Regenerative agriculture. 46:10 Hormesis and xenohormesis. 52:40 Uric acid and glutathione levels during short term cold exposure (study). 54:10 Sulforaphane. 56:40 Activation of NRF2 pathways with environmental hormesis. 1:00:40 Sirtuin pathway activation and ketosis. 1:04:00 Fruit and vegetable depletion studies. 1:10:35 Negative effects of resveratrol and curcumin.(studies). 1:15:20 Can one's PH level get too acidic on a carnivore diet due to the high protein consumption ? 1:19:10 Potential renal acid load of foods and its influence on ph (study) 1:19:50 Effect of low carbohydrate high protein diet on acid base balance, stone forming propensity, and calcium metabolism (study). 1:23:00 Essential and toxic metals in animal bone broth (study). 1:25:00 Effects of a supplement rich in alkaline minerals on acid base balance in humans (study) 1:26:20 Do ketones increase acidity in the blood? 1:27:10 Statement on high protein diets and bone health. 1:28:20 IGF1 and MTOR. 1:32:35 Carnivore diet and APOE4 gene. 1:36:00 Studies on Simonae people. 1:40:30 Case study: APOE4 1:42:40 Study on APOE4 and susceptibility to insulin resistance. 1:43:45 FTO polymorphism and a carnivore diet. 1:48:40 What Paul eats in a day. 1:50:30 Over methylation and riboflavin. 1:52:10 Paul's lab results. 1:54:10 Lipids and the carnivore diet. 1:56:00 Are cheat days a good idea? How long do you have to be on a carnivore diet to see benefits? 1:58:00 Are chicken and eggs okay to eat? 1:58:40 Parts of the animal to avoid consuming. 1:59:00 Does Paul take supplements? 1:59:40 Women's cycle regulation and pregnancy on carnivore and ketogenic diets. 2:02:05 Is the carnivore diet safe for kids? 2:03:50 Phospholipid forms of DHA (studies). 2:07:30 Cruciferous vegetable consumption and hypothyroidism. 2:08:40 Studies on isothiocyanate and thyroid function. Belcampo: Use the code CARNIVOREMD for 20% off your order! Ancestral Supplements https://ancestralsupplements.com/ Code SALADINOMD on the shopify site to receive 10% off. White Oak Pastures: Use the code CARNIVOREMD at www.whiteoakpastures.com for 10% off your first order! JOOVV: www.joovv.com/paul INSIDER: carnivoremd.com My contact information: Book: www.thecarnivorecodebook.com PATREON: https://www.patreon.com/paulsaladinomd SOCIAL MEDIA Instagram: @carnivoremd Website: carnivoremd.com Twitter:@carnivoremd Facebook: Paul Saladino MD email: drpaul@carnivoremd.com
TUNE IN TO LEARN:Some of the foods have compounds proven to activate our SIRTUIN genes,genes activated when we do calorie-restriction and exercise.I eat them daily and introduce them to all of my lean and fit clients to maintain results easier!GET MY 10-DAY EMAIL HEALTH COURSE. THE FOUNDATION SERIES. SUBSCRIBE! Would you like to be coached to a better lifestyle and eating habits? Fat Loss, Health and Best Performance based on cutting edge nutrition science?Email me: Angela@CreateYourself.TodaySupport the show (https://www.patreon.com/FoodSchool)
The celebrated sirtuin family of proteins has been shown to extend lifespan in mammals. Today we examine this not-so-well known Gene that can help us to unlock the Anti-Aging Code. Comments made have not been evaluated by Health Canada or the FDA and are not intended to treat, cure, prevent or diagnosis any disease. Full disclaimer at BGangel.comHey Get your tickets to our Block-Buster event of the year - The National Conference of Traditional Healing - Featuring the LEGENDS OF HEALTH. Tickets and details at: https://www.eventbrite.com/e/85198790877
The celebrated sirtuin family of proteins has been shown to extend lifespan in mammals. Today we examine this not-so-well known Gene that can help us to unlock the Anti-Aging Code. Comments made have not been evaluated by Health Canada or the FDA and are not intended to treat, cure, prevent or diagnosis any disease. Full disclaimer at BGangel.comHey Get your tickets to our Block-Buster event of the year - The National Conference of Traditional Healing - Featuring the LEGENDS OF HEALTH. Tickets and details at: https://www.eventbrite.com/e/85198790877
David Sinclair, Ph.D., A.O., is a globally renowned biologist and leading world authority on genetics and longevity. If you haven’t already read his incredible eye opening New York Times Best Selling book Lifespan, you are going to be ordering it for sure after this conversation. His revolutionary theory and idea’s on aging and why we don’t have to, which he presents in his Information Theory of Aging and writes about in the book, is based upon his research and studies over the past twenty five years. It is truly groundbreaking. This book is going to change your life, the way you think about aging, and your overall approach to health and the future of your healthcare. David and Marni caught up at Harvard Medical School where he is a Professor of Genetics and Co-Founding Director of the Paul F. Glenn Center for the Biological Mechanisms of Aging. On today’s episode David and Marni talk about the inspiration behind David's quest and path into science, genetics, epigenetics, and longevity, the hallmarks of aging, reversing the aging process and turning back your biological clock, activating your vitality genes and pathways, and easy to implement ways you can do this through intermittent fasting, exercise, and cold exposure and more. You will discover the science and emerging technology behind his Information Theory of Aging, Come to understand boosting Mitochondria, increasing NAD levels, and activating Sirtuin’s, learn how to Live healthier and stay younger thanks to his roadmap for taking charge of your health and destiny. David talks about his theory that aging is a disease and by reversing its effects, you can possibly prevent such as age related diabetes, heart disease, Altheimers, infertility and more. David Sinclair’s obtained his Ph.D. in Molecular Genetics at the University of New South Wales, Sydney in 1995. He is also the co-founder of several biotechnology companies and is on the boards of several others. co-founder and co-chief editor of the journal Aging. He is an inventor on 35 patents and has received more than 25 awards and honors including being one of Time Magazine’s Top 100 most influential people in the world (in 2014) and Top 50 People in Healthcare (2018). We hope you enjoy. If you like what you here, leave us a review on Apple. Connect @Lifespan on Instagram, Twitter and Facebook @MarniOnTheMove Instagram, Facebook, or LinkedIn Shop our Offers, Deals, and Favorite Products + Brands ans from our new series Long Slow Distance all about mind altering endurance training and the prodicusts I use that fuel me for sucess from On, Nuuns Hydration, Sign up for our Newsletter, The Download for Marni on the Move updates, exclusive offers, invites to events, and exciting news!
I recently had a chance to speak to a wonderful crowd of personal wealth management experts at the . During my talk, I covered both basic and advanced tactics to enhance longevity, and the talk was also recorded for your listening pleasure here. In this episode, you'll learn... -Clues from the animal kingdom about our own longevity...9:45 Lobster has high activity of the telomerase enzyme (prevents telomeres from shortening rapidly) have robust protein folding mechanisms Hummingbird has extremely high metabolism; produces high amount of endogenous antioxidants which extends its life Tortoise's internal organs do not degrade as rapidly as the rest of its body The Immortal Jellyfish: Sinks to the bottom of the ocean when it dies and renews its life Humans do not tap into their longevity potential due to their deleterious lifestyle -The 12 characteristics of "Blue Zones" and how they relate to longevity... Air quality in your environment [17:15] We're bombarded with air pollution directly related to air pollution air filters (use code BEN) It's possible to begin reversing lung damage from smoking within 12 months Wild plants, herbs and spices [20:32] : Things that are bad for you in large amounts can strengthen your body's stress resilience in small amounts Plants have built-in defense mechanisms Book: Plants cause gut damage to those with existing gut damage (leaky gut, dysbiosis, etc.) Book: Avoid processed food [24:45] Two ingredients commonly found on processed "healthy" food: vegetable oil and sugar Two things to track: Glycemic variability w/ Inflammation High amount of legumes [28:50] Rinsing and sprouting Legumes are a low glycemic index food Slow carbs A slice of bread can spike your sugar higher than a candy bar Low level physical activity throughout the day [34:50] You don't see cross fit regimens in blue zones Gyms are a product of the post-industrial era Natural way to exercise is walking, chopping wood, outdoor activities Standing work station [link] Treadmill work station [link] Design your lifestyle so that the gym is an option, not a necessity Strenuous gym activity will not improve your longevity Social engagement [38:25] Podcast: It's impossible to simulate face to face interaction in a digital format Use the Internet as a means of facilitating F2F contact, not trying to simulate it (meetup.com) Drink healthy forms of alcohol [40:55] Ben's cocktail: Gin or vodka, on the rocks, wedge of lemon and house bitters (discount code greenfield10 for 10% off) Podcast: Alcohol is toxic, but while too much can be harmful, a little bit can be efficacious Calorie restriction and fasting [44:15] Long time between meals, your body up regulates cellular autophagy (cleanup of cellular debris in your body) Intermittent fasting allows you to derive benefits of fasting without calorie restriction Ben's fasting protocol: Quarterly 5 day period of calorie restriction Daily intermittent fast Monthly: Dinner to dinner fast Strong life purpose [48:05] Have a reason you exist, a mission statement, you can clearly articulate to yourself and others regardless of your circumstances Low amounts of stress [50:40] Go for the low hanging fruit (natural stress relief) before using technology Our breath (prana) is a natural stress relief Box breathing Alternate nostril breathing 4-7-8 breathing Spiritual discipline and belief in a higher power [53:12] Believe we're more than blobs floating through the air, seeing who can accumulate the most trophies Physical intimacy [55:30] Nature doesn't want to keep organisms that aren't useful to its propagation Having sex regularly sends a message to Nature that you want to propagate the Earth -Advanced biohacking practices people are using on top of those already mentioned...57:35 Hormesis via hyper oxygenation (hyperbaric chamber) Hormesis via EWOT (exercise with oxygen therapy) Thermogenesis Cryotherapy chamber Full spectrum infrared sauna (Clearlight) UVA/UVB radiation Calorie restriction pneumatics Rapamycin Metformin Insulin stabilizing herbs and spices Berberine [thorne link] Bitter melon extract Sirtuin activating compounds (stacs) Stem cells V cells Exosomes Foods that can enhance your own stem cell productioin Colostrum Chlorella Aloe vera Coffee berry fruit extract Peptides Joint degradation: , Mitochondria: Humanin, mots-c C Max Mitochondrial support Telomeres (enter code BEN at checkout and get 30% off) (link?) -And much more... Resources mentioned: - Book: - Book: - Book: - Book: - Book: - - Book: - Book: - - - - and - - - - - - - - (enter code BEN at checkout and get 30% off) - - Episode Sponsors: -: My personal playground for new supplement formulations. Ben Greenfield Fitness listeners receive a 10% discount off your entire order when you use discount code: BGF10. -: Contains a host of anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and anti-allergy benefits. For this reason, I have decided to now make consumption of hydrogen-rich water an important part of my daily nutritional routine...and I highly recommend it! Enter code: BEN at checkout and get 30% off your order! -: Activewear and athletic clothing for ultimate performance. Vuori is built to move and sweat in, yet designed with a West Coast aesthetic that transitions effortlessly into everyday life. 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http://RunningAFEVER.com In the 1980's, Leonard Guarente began doing anti-aging research at MIT. He's a biologist, and his major discovery was finding a gene that controls aging by experimenting with yeast. Subsequent supporting research has been done on rats as well. In the 1980's, Leonard Guarente began doing anti-aging research at MIT. He's a biologist, and his major discovery was finding a gene that controls aging by experimenting with yeast. Subsequent supporting research has been done on rats as well. There are 2 important substances at work here. Sirtuins, a protein that regulates aging and other processes at a cellular level. We need them particularly to make nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a required material for conversion of food into energy and other cell functions. NAD supplies in the body deteriorate over time, though some can come can be gained from certain food substances like tryptophan, aspartic acid and niacin. From this comes the idea of supplementation. A couple of companies have been formed by the scientists involved in these discoveries including Dr. Guarente. Elixir Pharmaceuticals, now defunct, was to develop drugs. Dr. Guarente co-founded Elysium Health in 2014, this time to market supplements. Elysium has already produced a product capitalizing on the research, Basis, which is claimed to support higher NAD levels to slow the aging process. They recommend 2 caps per day, and you can subscribe at the website for $50/month. The thing about supplements is that no real proof that they work is required. Only marketing and producing a belief that they work. And in this case, when will you going to know that it helped you live longer? After you've spend thousands of dollars for how many years? This market is expected to be almost $125 Billion by 2023. In the US Alone, it was $42B in 2016. Elysium has done clinical trials, double-blind studies with placebo control groups. Basis is also Certified for Sport by the National Science Foundation. There are a lot of "this could be the secret to aging better" articles, but the jury is still out. The best advice I can give is what I say about everything: be an expert in your own health, do the research and make your choices based on that. Sources: https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/health/a25642740/elysium-health-basis-pill/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_P._Guarente https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sirtuin https://www.openpr.com/news/1490885/Anti-Ageing-Drugs-Market-2019-Analysis-Research-Covers-Top-10-Players-as-BIOTIME-INC-Elysium-Health-Inc-La-Roche-Posay-DermaFix-L-OR-AL-and-others.htmlhttps://www.inverse.com/article/49550-three-letters-could-change-everything Recorded January 21, 2019. Weight (change since Jan 2018): 200 (-74) Workout time: 108 Minutes Total Distance (total since Nov 2017): 7.46 Miles (394.48) Steps: 16,367 Muscle Mass (change since Aug 2018): 145.38 (+2) Body Fat: 27.2% Daily Sleep Duration 7-day Avg: 6 hours 2019 Goal: 15% Body Fat
Dr. Carolyn Lam: Welcome to Circulation on the Run. Your weekly podcast summary and backstage pass to the journal and its editors. I'm Dr. Carolyn Lam, Associate Editor from the National Heart Center and Duke National University of Singapore. This week's journal features novel results from the NCDR IMPACT Registry that informs us on risk prediction in patients with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac catheterization. We'll be taking a deep dive into this right after these summaries. The first original paper provides pre-clinical data showing that delayed repolarization may underlie ventricular arrhythmias in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction or HFpEF. First author Dr. Cho, co-corresponding authors Dr. Marban, and Cingolani from Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute and their colleagues, induced HFpEF in Dahl salt-sensitive rats by feeding them a high-salt diet from seven weeks of age. They showed that susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias was markedly increased in rats with HFpEF. Underlying abnormalities included QTc prolongation, delayed repolarization from down-regulation of potassium currents, and multiple re-entry circuits during ventricular arrhythmias. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that potassium current down-regulation may lead to abnormal repolarization in HFpEF, which in turn predisposes to ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. The next paper shows that genetic testing can help to identify patients with pulmonary veno-occlusive disease who were misclassified as pulmonary arterial hypertension. Now, heterozygous mutations in the gene encoding the bone morphogenetic protein receptor type II or BMPR2 are the commonest genetic cause of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Whereas biallelic mutations in the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 4 gene or EIF2AK4 gene are described in pulmonary veno-occlusive disease and pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis. In the current study, first author Dr. Hadinnapola, corresponding author Dr. Morrell, and colleagues from University of Cambridge performed whole genome sequencing on the DNA from 864 patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, as well as 16 patients with pulmonary veno-occlusive disease all recruited to the NIHR BioResource – Rare Diseases study. They found that 1% of patients with a clinical diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension actually carry the biallelic EIF2AK4 mutations. Patients who are diagnosed clinically with pulmonary arterial hypertension, but who had a transfer coefficient for carbon monoxide of less than 50% predicted and an age of diagnosis of less than 50 years were much more likely to carry these biallelic EIF2AK4 mutation. In fact, the diagnostic yield for genetic testing in this group was 53%. Radiological assessment alone was unable to distinguish reliably between these patients and those with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension. Importantly, these patients with biallelic EIF2AK4 mutations had a worst prognosis compared to other patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Thus in summary, younger patients diagnosed with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension but with a low transfer coefficient for carbon monoxide, have a high frequency of biallelic EIF2AK4 mutations and should be reclassified as pulmonary veno-occlusive disease or pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis. They have a poor prognosis and genetic testing can therefore identify these misclassified patients allowing appropriate management and early referral for lung transplantation. The next study identifies a novel molecular target for the treatment of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. This target is SIRT2 [inaudible 00:04:33] poorly characterized member of the Sirtuin family of proteins, which is a family of class III NAD-dependent deacetylases that regulate metabolism and age-related diseases including diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. In the current study, first authors Dr. Tang and Chen, corresponding authors Dr. Chen and Liu from the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences in Peking Union Medical College used wild-type and Sirt2 knockout mice, and showed that SIRT2 protein levels and activity were reduced during pathological cardiac hypertrophy. SIRT2 deficiency promoted aging and angiotensin II induced pathological cardiac hypertrophy, and blunted metformin-mediated cardioprotective effects. On the other hand, SIRT2 overexpression repressed pathological cardiac hypertrophy. The molecular pathway involved deacetylation of liver kinase B1 at lysine 48 by SIRT2 to activate AMP-activated protein kinase sickling, which prevented hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes. Thus, SIRT2 is a potential target for therapeutic interventions in aging and stress-induced cardiac hypertrophy. The next study is the largest comparison of the prognostic value of coronary artery calcium with functional stress testing in patients with stable chest pain. In this study from first and corresponding author Dr. Budoff from Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute and colleagues, authors looked at the PROMISE trial where patients with stable chest pain or dyspnea, and intermediate pre-test probability for obstructive coronary artery disease were randomized to functional testing or anatomic testing. Their main finding was that these chest pain populations referred for testing had a low event rate and both tests had different strengths. Coronary artery calcium had a high sensitivity for future cardiovascular events whereas functional testing had a high specificity. The clinical implications are that a normal coronary artery calcium score has a very low event rate and perhaps maybe used to avoid further cardiac testing in a stable chest pain population. On the other hand, an abnormal functional test result including information on exercise and symptoms has a moderate prognostic value. Of note, coronary CT angiography provided better prognostic and discriminatory power than either coronary artery calcium or functional testing. The implications of these important results are discussed in an accompanying editorial by Dr. David Newby from Edinburgh entitled, Can I Have My Cake and Eat It? On that intriguing note, we've come to the end of today's summaries, now for our feature discussion. For today's feature discussion, we are talking about an increasingly important population that is pediatric and adult patients with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac catheterization. A little bit out of my usual comfort zone, but then you see, I'm with two spectacular experts today, Dr. Gerard Martin from Children's National Health System in Washington DC, one of the authors of today's feature paper; and Dr. Gerald Greil, Associate Editor from UT Southwestern. Welcome gentlemen. Dr. Gerard Martin: Thank you Carolyn. Dr. Gerald Greil: Thank you Carol. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Gerard, no that would be Dr. Martin. Enlighten people like me who don't think about this every day, why the importance of looking at cardiac catheterization, and adverse outcomes in this particular population? Dr. Gerard Martin: Carolyn, that's because of the tremendous advances in medicine, and particularly medicine that's dealing with children with congenital heart defects. Cardiac catheterization was once purely a diagnostic study. Now, it's a less invasive definitive treatment option for many of our pediatric and adult patients with congenital heart defects. As you may or may not know, congenital heart defects are the most common birth defects that impact nearly one out of every hundred live births. As I mentioned, we have these tremendous advances. As a result of that, there are now over a million children living with congenital heart defects. In the USA alone, improvements in care over the past 50 years, there are now more adults than children living with congenital heart defects. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Wow. Now, I understand. I mean, cardiac catheterization not just meeting diagnostic but therapeutic, and such an important patient population. Tell us about your study? Dr. Gerard Martin: As we said, cardiac catheterization is now replacing surgery for some of our defects. For some of the more complex defects, catheterization is providing treatments that make the surgery easier. Now in surgery, we've had registries for many years. These registries provided measurement of survival that allow comparison of programs, and we didn't have that ability with cardiac catheterization. The American College of Cardiology developed the IMPACT Registry. That was to solely provide measurements of the outcomes of catheterization procedures in the children and adults with congenital heart disease. Now, one aspect of the quality of the program is your rate of adverse outcomes; but simply measuring the number of adverse outcomes does not provide enough discrimination to compare programs. I think you can probably imagine that adverse outcomes will increase based upon the complexity of the type of patients you see, or the types of procedures that you might be performing. What we wanted to do was to create a risk standardization tool for our population where we can measure variation and performance between programs. If we can do that, then we can learn from the best performers to improve all the others. Dr. Carolyn Lam: That's beautifully put. Could you tell us what you found? Dr. Gerard Martin: Sure. The IMPACT Registry began on about 2011 and has grown from 50 sites to 111 sites in 2017. That's the majority of the sites in the United States that perform cardiac catheterization on children. We have now over 115,000 procedures. What we wanted to do with this is to look at some of the early procedures that were included and to see how adverse events were occurring. When we created the registry though, we used data variables from a previous research study in Boston called the CHARM. They created a tool to risk standardized outcomes during procedures. They did it by coming up with four categories of procedures, and some four markers of hemodynamic vulnerability. We tested their methodology with IMPACT, and it didn't really performed particularly well. In this study, what we did was to increase the number of risk categories. We took the nearly 200 types of procedures we do in the cath lab and divided them into six categories. We also increased the indicators of hemodynamic vulnerability from four to six. Now, what I mean by hemodynamic vulnerability? What is the patient's oxygen level when they go into the procedure? What is their blood pressure when they're in the procedure? Do they have one ventricle, or do they have two ventricles? What is the resistance in the lung vessels? All these are critically important. Lastly, we looked at some baseline patient characteristics. In other words, was age important? Sex, genetic conditions, or other comorbid conditions like the level of mechanical support that the patients were on. Then we put all that into our model to see if we could come up with a risk score. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Right. The final adjustment model? Which factors that they include in the end? Dr. Gerard Martin: We did find that there are lot of adverse events that do occur. We found major adverse events occurring in about same 7% of our patients. Most common adverse events were bleeding, or rhythm disturbances that require some medicine, or cardioversion during the procedure, or death during the hospitalizations. We did find that these major events were more common in the youngest patients or neonates, children under a month of age, or in patients with genetic disorders, or single ventricle physiology, and also patients that went to the cath lab with their kidneys not working very well. In the end, we did create a risk adjustment model that included the type of procedure that was done, the number of hemodynamic vulnerability indicators, and whether or not the patient had renal insufficiency, or single ventricle physiology, or coagulation, and we found really good discrimination. Our discrimination had a C-stat of 0.76 in the derivation cohort, and 0.75 in the validation cohort. The slope of the curve was excellent, so we really think we have something now that we can use as a tool. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Gerald, you're a pediatric cardiologist. Could you give us your perspective on how important these results are? Dr. Gerald Greil: I think it's the largest and the first study, which kinds of give us a calibration in our field how successful interventions are. How we can make centers better without finger pointing on specific centers, and how to advance the field as a whole? From that perspective, I'm quite excited that the group offered us to publish this paper in circulation. I was kind of asking a question to Dr. Martin because obviously, all essentials are closely monitored. There's obviously data publicly available. Do you think there's a risk that this way to monitor centers within the United States or probably worldwide, that it's potentially preventing innovation or risky procedures? Dr. Gerard Martin: I think that, that's a good question. I think it's one thing that whenever we talk about transparency or public reporting, it's an argument against it. I think that having a model like this, actually levels the playing field. In other words, centers that are risk averse who aren't particularly innovative, you'll be able to look at those centers, see what type of patients they're doing and look at their adverse events for a low-risk population. Then, you can also look and see some other centers that are doing more complicated procedures, higher risk, and you can see what their adverse event rate is. Certainly, this is only talking about the adverse events. This has to be put together with the outcome of the procedure. In other words, if you're trying to relieve an obstruction, did you relieve it? Did you meet the intended goal of the procedure? This is only half of the story. The other part of it is, did you get the intended goal of the procedure? When you put the two of them together, perhaps some of those centers that are risk averse have lower complications, but maybe their success rate is lower. This will be able to tell the public everything they know, and they'll be able to tell their providers what they need to know to get better. Dr. Carolyn Lam: I have to agree. Your paper does highlight, I think. Gerard, just one other question. What do you think our next steps? Dr. Gerard Martin: The next step is to test the data. We have a new version of IMPACT that has rolled out, version 2 that has new procedures in it. Now, we have to test the data and we actually have to look for variability. Can we see a variation between the programs? Then, once we see if there's variation, if we see there is best performers and those performers that could improve, a question then is how do we take from what the best performers are doing to try and lift those that need to improve up. That's going to be the true hard work for this registry. Dr. Carolyn Lam: Thank you so much for publishing it with us. Thank you so much audience for listening with us today. Don't forget to tune in again next week.
Tommy and I recorded this interview in person at the Buck Institute for Research on Aging where we were attending Dr. Dale Bredesen’s training for reversing cognitive decline. If you’ve yet to discover Dr. Bredesen’s amazing work, I’d highly recommend his STEM-Talk interview. My attempt to capture the impressiveness of the Buck Institute leaves a lot to be desired, but since I promised a photo during the recording, here it is: We love our supplements at Nourish Balance Thrive, and we regularly recommend them to the people we work with, usually when indicated by a test result. What we’re less keen on is expensive nonsense with no human data or even plausible mechanism of action. Oxaloacetate falls into this category, and in this interview, you'll learn enough biochemistry to understand why you should save your money. As always, we reserve the right to be proven wrong! In the second part of this interview, you'll learn about why it's essential to eat to fuel for your activity. We're huge fans of a ketogenic diet for a handful of very specific applications, but not as a general recommendation, especially for athletes engaging in highly glycolytic activities like Crossfit and obstacle course racing. Here’s the outline of this interview with Dr. Tommy Wood, MD PhDc: [00:00:26] Buck Institute for Research on Aging. [00:00:43] Bredesen, Dale E., et al. "Reversal of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease." Aging (Albany NY) 8.6 (2016): 1250. [00:00:59] Journal of Neuroscience. [00:02:00] Hippocampal volume increasing. [00:02:26] Blood chem, genotyping, biotoxins, heavy metals. [00:02:32] ReCode software. [00:03:17] Send me your questions for Dr. Bredesen. [00:03:41] Oxaloacetate supplementation. [00:04:01] How to Achieve Near-Normal Blood Sugar with Type 1 Diabetes with Dr. Keith Runyan, MD. [00:05:18] Caloric restriction in humans. [00:05:23] CALERIE trial. [00:06:08] Calorie restriction falters in the long run. [00:07:01] The benefit comes on the refeed. [00:07:14] Valter Longo, Ph.D. on Fasting-Mimicking Diet & Fasting for Longevity, Cancer & Multiple Sclerosis. [00:07:41] Getting Stronger with Todd Becker. [00:08:18] C. elegans. [00:08:47] Malate-aspartate shuttle. [00:09:20] NAD+/NADH ratio. [00:09:32] AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). [00:09:45] FOXO3. [00:10:01] Nicotinamide riboside (NR). [00:10:19] Strong, Randy, et al. "Evaluation of resveratrol, green tea extract, curcumin, oxaloacetic acid, and medium-chain triglyceride oil on life span of genetically heterogeneous mice." The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 68.1 (2013): 6-16. [00:11:14] Toxic effects of glutamate. [00:11:48] Excitotoxicity. [00:12:30] Aspartate transaminase (AST) on a blood chem. [00:13:37] The OAA supplements include a meaningless dose anyway. [00:14:17] Anaplerotic reactions. [00:15:27] Pyruvate dehydrogenase and biotin (B7) deficiency. [00:16:54] Context for a ketogenic diet. [00:18:06] Glycolytic activity. [00:19:20] Fasting blood glucose. [00:19:36] Alkaline phosphatase (Alk Phos). [00:20:01] Zinc deficiency. [00:21:26] Thyroid. [00:22:02] Deiodinase enzymes. [00:24:11] Lipids. [00:24:39] LDL receptor. [00:25:29] Red blood cell production [00:25:51] Mean corpuscular volume (MCV). [00:26:33] Macrocytosis due to folate deficiency. [00:29:24] Masharani, U., et al. "Metabolic and physiologic effects from consuming a hunter-gatherer (Paleolithic)-type diet in type 2 diabetes." European journal of clinical nutrition 69.8 (2015): 944-948. [00:31:07] Ketosis makes you sharp so you can go get some food. [00:31:46] A New Hope for Brain Tumors with Dr. Adrienne Scheck. [00:31:59] Dominic D'Agostino: Researcher and Athlete on the Benefits of a Ketogenic Diet. [00:32:08] A ketogenic diet shows some promise for Multiple Sclerosis and Alzheimer’s. [00:32:33] Light dark cycles. [00:33:18] Breast feeding and carbs. [00:33:45] Thompson, Betty J., and Stuart Smith. "Biosynthesis of fatty acids by lactating human breast epithelial cells: an evaluation of the contribution to the overall composition of human milk fat." Pediatr Res 19.1 (1985): 139-143. [00:34:05] Babies are in ketosis. [00:34:32] Medium-chain triglyceride. [00:35:07] Read, W. W. C., PHYLLIS G. LUTZ, and ANAHID TASHJIAN. "Human Milk Lipids II. The influence of dietary carbohydrates and fat on the fatty acids of mature milk. A study in four ethnic groups." The American journal of clinical nutrition 17.3 (1965): 180-183. [00:35:21] Keto rat experiment.
February 17, 2016 Podcast: 346: Sirtuin For Longevity (& Other Longevity Hacks), How Much Sleep Is Too Much, Hangovers From Running & More! Have a podcast question for Ben? Click the tab on the right (or go to ), use the Contact button on the , call 1-877-209-9439, or use the “” form at the bottom of this page. ----------------------------------------------------- News Flashes: You can receive these News Flashes (and more) every single day, if you follow Ben on , , and . . . ----------------------------------------------------- Special Announcements: This podcast is brought to you by: -Kimera Koffee: here's today's recipe (and use code BEN for 10% off at ). FOCUS ON THE COOL KIDS USING IT. -Harrys.com - Get $5 off anything at with discount code 'BEN'. FOCUS ON THEIR WINSTON AND TALK ABOUT MY CRAPPY SHAPE IN BOSTON. -FitLife Organifi Green Juice - Go to and use discount code 'BEN' to get 20% off. NOTE THAT JESSA USED IT. - - 50% discount on instant access to a box shipped to your front doorstep and full of the latest cutting-edge biohacking gear, nutrients, smart drugs and more, handpicked and curated by Ben. Did you miss the weekend podcast episode with Steve Sisler? It was a must-listen - titled "News Flash: I Am A 98% Angry, No-Nonsense, Perfectionistic, Extremely Unconventional, Rule-Breaking, Fearless Assassin-Sniper." New course from Ben! Optimal fitness and health are closer than you think. In just one week, you can set yourself up for a strong, long, lean and healthy body. May 21-22, 2016: Ben is speaking at the Biohacker's Summit in London. The venue will be one of the most charming venues of London, Tabacco Dock, and features an Upgraded Dinner with wild forager Sami Tallberg and a great opportunity to bring together some fantastic UK based biohackers in the realms of digital health, wearables, supplements, biohacking, lifehacking, quantified self and much more. You'll discover digital health & wellness providers, nutrition & supplement companies, wearables & mobile applications and smart home appliances from infrared saunas to smart sensors. May 27-29, 2016: Ben is speaking at in Austin, Texas. This is the The Who’s Who gathering of the Paleo movement, with world-class speakers including New York Times bestselling authors, leading physicians, scientists, health entrepreneurs, professional athletes, fitness professionals, activists, bloggers, biohackers, and more. And you DON’T need to be Paleo to be able to get a ton of benefit and fun out of this one! Also, one day prior, on May 26 is Health Entrepreneurs f(x) - a full day of deep discussion on marketing, business development, and entrepreneurship for health and wellness people, featuring Mark Sisson, Robb Wolf, Melissa Hartwig, Sarah Ballantyne, Mike Bledsoe, Abel James, and a bunch of other speakers in small group coaching sessions. Nov 17-18, 2016: Ben is speaking at the in Helsinki, Finland. Discover the latest in wearables, internet of things, digital health, and mobile apps to increase performance, be healthier, stay fit, and get more done. Learn about taking food, preparation, cooking, and eating to the next level with the latest science and kitchen chemistry. Even delve into implanted chips, gene therapy, bionic arms, biometric shirts, robotic assistants, and virtual reality. Two days with an amazing crowd and a closing party with upgraded DJs to talk about. Grab this that comes with a tech shirt, a beanie and a water bottle. And of course, this week's top iTunes review - gets some BG Fitness swag straight from Ben - ! ----------------------------------------------------- Listener Q&A: As compiled, deciphered, edited and sometimes read by , the NEW Podcast Sidekick. How Much Sleep Is Too Much? Gina says: She thinks she might be getting too much sleep. She's getting 9/9.5 hours/night, she sleeps like a rockstar according to her sleep sensor. She's not depressed, she doesn't get up during sleep, she's not over training. Her question is should she continue listening to her body or should she start waking herself up after 7.5/8 hours or could it be an issue of supplementation? In my response, I recommend: - -how long I slept after agoge -athletes vs. general population - What Causes Bumps Underneath Skin Anna says: She was foam rolling the outside of her leg and around the middle of her IT band and she noticed the area was bumpy under her skin. What causes this bumpiness? What's the best method to relieve it? In my response, I recommend: - Hangovers From Running Kate says: What can she do to prevent or recover from a running hangover? After short runs, long runs or hard exercise, she gets headaches, feels nauseous and super awful, after which its hard to get motivated to workout again. She's tried electrolyte tabs, coconut water, foods, preloading electrolytes, drinking tons of fluid and nothing seems to help. What can she do to fix this? In my response, I recommend: - - -Mobility work/fascial adhesions -Pre-cooling/post-cooling -Motion sickness (ginger/peppermint) How Endurance Athletes Can Gain Weight Ellen says: She's a marathon and ultra runner with CFC's animal and plant based diet. She wants to increase her appetite and her weight, but she doesn't want to reduce her training. Can you make any suggestions? In my response, I recommend: - - - - -We finish this episode with a tip from Jordan Harbinger at : nonverbal communication skills versus just using your body to be charming. ----------------------------------------------------- Prior to asking your question, do a search in upper right hand corner of this website for the keywords associated with your question. Many of the questions we receive have already been answered here at Ben Greenfield Fitness!
Host: Vincent Racaniello Guest: Ileana Cristea Vincent meets up with Ileana at Princeton University to talk about how her laboratory integrates molecular virology, mass spectrometry-based proteomics, and bioinformatics to unravel the interplay between virus and host. Links for this episode Cristea Laboratory Ileana's work previously on TWiV 269 Blowing off steam (Cell Host Micr) Nuclear viral DNA sensors (J Biol Chem) mSystems Video of this episode - view at YouTube (coming soon!) Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@twiv.tv
Fakultät für Biologie - Digitale Hochschulschriften der LMU - Teil 01/06
Charakterisierung eines zuvor funktionell unbeschriebenen Genes, das in einem genetischen Screen nach proapoptotischen Genen isoliert wurde und RAIP genannt wurde. Verifizierung der proapoptotischen Eigenschaften mit mehreren Apoptose-Assays in humanen Zelllinien, Nachweis der Lokalisation im ER in Kulturzellen, Eingrenzung eines 63 Aminosäure-Reste grossen proapoptotischen Fragmentes, Isolierung von drei Interaktionspartnern (Ferritin, SRp40, SIRTUIN 7).
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