POPULARITY
In the 1960s, the Duvalier regime survived what no other regime could have. Intro/Alto music by Tifany Roman.
De son vrai nom Sean Combs, celui qui a régné pendant des années sur le hip-hop de la côte Est des États-Unis est le principal accusé d'un dossier qui mêle sexe, argent, drogue et manipulation. Sean Combs, c'est le rappeur et producteur à succès qui s'appelait autrefois Puff Daddy, un nom qui fait clairement référence au cannabis, puis plus tard P. Diddy. Sean Combs, c'est 3 Grammy Awards, un Oscar, des millions d'albums vendus, dont quatre certifiés disque de platine. Ce sont aussi des collaborations avec Mary J Blige, Notorious BIG, Jennifer Lopez, Jay Z, ou le pédophile condamné R. Kelly. Il a son étoile sur Hollywood Boulevard, à Los Angeles. Bref, c'est un homme qui pèse d'un poids énorme dans le milieu musical, rappelle notre correspondant à Washington, Guillaume Naudin.P. Diddy est inculpé de 5 chefs d'accusation, dont certains peuvent lui valoir la prison à vie, parmi lesquels trafic sexuel et racket ou encore transport en vue d'activités de prostitution. Les procureurs lui reprochent notamment l'organisation de ce que lui-même appelle des « freak offs », des événements au cours desquels des femmes à qui il faisait miroiter des opportunités de carrière étaient sommées, en étant droguées si nécessaire, de satisfaire ses désirs sexuels ou encore de s'engager dans des activités sexuelles avec des prostitués masculins, pendant plusieurs jours. Le tout filmé à la fois pour le plaisir de Sean Combs et aussi à des fins de faire chanter les victimes pas assez dociles. Plaider non-coupable ?P. Diddy a décidé de plaider non-coupable, alors que les accusations sont suffisamment graves pour que même une star comme lui attende son procès en prison, dans une section réservée tout de même à des célébrités, ou à des gens qui bénéficient d'un traitement privilégié. Il dément toutes les accusations, indiquant que toutes ces activités étaient consenties. Quatre femmes figurent parmi les accusatrices. L'acte d'accusation les désigne anonymement, mais on sait au moins que la victime dite N°1 est Casandra Ventura, Cassie pour la scène et ses activités de choriste, ex-petite amie de Sean Combs. Comme d'autres femmes, elle l'avait déjà poursuivi au civil dans une affaire qui s'était réglée à l'amiable, autrement dit moyennant finances.Ce procès doit durer 8 à 10 semaines et il commence aujourd'hui par la traditionnelle sélection du jury, on sait déjà qu'il sera très suivi dans l'industrie du spectacle, parce que Sean Combs connaissait beaucoup de monde et depuis longtemps. Des fêtes, il en a organisé beaucoup dans ses différentes maisons. Il est donc légitime de se demander qui savait quoi et qui participait à quoi. Il faut dire que ce genre de pratiques ne date apparemment pas d'hier dans l'industrie musicale. C'est assez courant depuis les années 70 de faire taire les victimes par la menace ou par des NDA, des « non-disclosure agreements », des accords de confidentialité moyennant finances, selon une enquête du Washington Post. Quelques femmes ont osé témoigner et elles ne sont évidemment plus dans le milieu musical. À Miami, où va Little Haïti ?Le quartier de Little Haïti à Miami a pris ce nom après l'arrivée de très nombreux Haïtiens dans les années 1960 et 1970, ceux qui fuyaient la dictature des Duvalier. De la vie de l'époque, il reste encore les peintures murales. Mais pour le reste, les magasins de produits haïtiens, les marchés, les restaurants, plus grand-chose ne subsiste. L'appétit des promoteurs immobiliers a fait partir les Haïtiens, comme l'a constaté notre envoyé spécial, Eric Solo. Reportage à réécouter dans son intégralité dans l'édition du jour. Les États-Unis désignent deux entités criminelles d'Haïti comme des organisations terroristesLa coalition Vivre Ensemble et le gang Gran Grif viennent d'être désignés « organisations terroristes transnationales ». Le chef de la diplomatie américaine, Marco Rubio, les qualifie de « menace directe pour la sécurité nationale » et il estime dans un communiqué que ces deux entités sont « les deux principales sources d'instabilité et de violence en Haïti ».Conséquence concrète de cette décision : toute transaction avec Gran Grif ou Vivre Ensemble placera les auteurs de ces transactions sous la menace de sanctions anti-terroristes. On parle aussi bien de ressortissants haïtiens que de personnes résidant légalement aux États-Unis, et même de citoyens américains. Autrement dit, l'administration Trump tente d'asphyxier ces groupes criminels en coupant leurs sources de revenus. Réaction du Conseil président de transition sur le réseau social X : c'est « un pas dans la bonne direction », estime le CPT qui parle aussi de signal encourageant pour les magistrats d'Haïti qui souhaitent éradiquer la criminalité. Le CPT se dit « prêt à collaborer avec tous les pays soutenant la lutte contre le fléau du terrorisme ». L'actualité des Outre-mer avec nos confrères de la 1èreC'est une conséquence peu connue de l'éruption en 1902 de la Montagne Pelée : « l'exil » d'un certain nombre de Martiniquais… en Guyane. À écouter aussiSe souvenir de l'éruption de la montagne Pelée de 1902, avec Anne Terrier
In the late 1950s, Duvalier cemented his rule over Haiti with gangs of thugs. Into/Alto Music by Tiffany Roman.
Like my guest today, I've never found it particularly useful to cast François Duvalier as some frothing, otherworldly monster. That story is too easy. It offers too little. Once you wrap him in the veil of pathology, the conversation dies. You've exiled him to a place beyond history, beyond explanation, beyond us. But what haunts me still—what lives in the marrow of Belleau's work—is not the spectacle of evil, but its intimacy. The way Duvalier wrapped the Haitian state around himself like a second skin. The way repression was not distant, not sterile, but close. Whisper-close.This week on the Nèg Mawon Podcast, I sat with anthropologist Jean-Philippe Belleau, and we waded deep into the dark waters of the Duvalier regime—not for the thrill of horror, but to understand the anatomy of power when it is warm, personal, and woven through the lives of the very people it crushes. Here are three strands we pulled from that knot:1. Power in the First PersonBelleau unearths a truth many prefer buried: that Duvalier's rule was not built in cold, bureaucratic chambers, but in bedrooms, churches, courtyards. It lived in nods and whispers, in godfather promises and godson debts. This was not Orwell's 1984—this was something older, more Haitian, more intimate. The regime was not an iron wall; it was a web, spun from relationships and obligations, holding the country not at gunpoint, but by the soul.2. Who Gets to Be a Victim?There is a comfort in believing the elite escaped unscathed, that they watched from balconies while the poor bled. But Belleau complicates that myth. His research pulls us toward a difficult truth: the violence had no clean class lines. Elites, too, were crushed, sometimes precisely because they presumed immunity. Belleau invites us to reconsider how history renders victims—how it decides who gets remembered as broken, and who gets blamed for surviving.3. The Ties That Bind (Even in Hell)And still—amid the surveillance, the fear, the Tonton Macoutes—Haitians clung to each other. Kinship, friendship, neighborhood, lakou… these weren't just sentimental relics. They were lifelines. Belleau shows us that even in the shadow of dictatorship, the social fabric didn't unravel. It tensed, stretched, contorted—but it held. And in that, there is something both tragic and profoundly human.To understand Duvalier is not to exorcise a demon, but to study a mirror. We cannot afford to look away—not when the terror came wearing a neighbor's face, a cousin's smile. Not when history walks so close to home.
En Haïti, Jan J. Dominique a travaillé comme éducatrice et journaliste à Radio Haïti Inter. L'assassinat de son père en 2000, puis un attentat et des menaces l'obligent à partir. Elle vit aujourd'hui à Montréal. Aux Éditions du remue-ménage, elle a publié « Mémoire d'une amnésique » (2004), « La Célestine » (2007) et « Mémoire errante » (2008). Son nouveau roman s'intitule « Tu nous manques ». En 1957, à Port-au-Prince en Haïti, naît Karine Rivel. La même année, François Duvalier, dit Papa Doc, est élu à la tête d'Haïti, quelques temps avant d'en devenir le dictateur brutal et d'imposer sa milice tortionnaire. Le destin de Karine, et de tous les membres de sa famille, en sera marqué à jamais.Une fabrique de gris-gris pour sauver Philippe, un enfant emmuré dans un silence traumatique. Le dévouement d'un médecin-sorcier-écrivain, Jacques, qui met tout en œuvre pour l'aider. La fuite de Karine, devenue médecin, qui soigne les pauvres et devra se cacher pour sauver sa peau et celle de ses enfants. L'exil d'un frère rebelle, Jean Baptiste, et la quête de sa fille, Isabel, qui part à sa recherche en Amérique latine. Et le regard tendre et lucide de Simone, Man Mona, fantôme veillant sur chacun d'eux. Entre les souvenirs familiaux et le présent des retrouvailles, Tu nous manques suit le destin des femmes vaillantes de cette famille haïtienne ordinaire et extraordinaire, marquée dans sa chair par la violence politique, les mensonges et la résistance. Comment survivre, sinon en combattant la terreur ? Que veut encore dire «libérer la terre natale» lorsque tous les morceaux ont volé en éclats? (Présentation des éditions Remue-Ménage)ILLUSTRATION MUSICALE : « Diyon Mo » de Gregory Laforest, un des 10 finalistes du Prix Découvertes RFI.
En Haïti, Jan J. Dominique a travaillé comme éducatrice et journaliste à Radio Haïti Inter. L'assassinat de son père en 2000, puis un attentat et des menaces, l'obligent à partir. Elle vit aujourd'hui à Montréal. Aux Éditions du remue-ménage, elle a publié Mémoire d'une amnésique (2004), La Célestine (2007) et Mémoire errante (2008). Son nouveau roman s'intitule Tu nous manques. En 1957, à Port-au-Prince en Haïti, naît Karine Rivel. La même année, François Duvalier, dit Papa Doc, est élu à la tête d'Haïti, quelque temps avant d'en devenir le dictateur brutal et d'imposer sa milice tortionnaire. Le destin de Karine et de tous les membres de sa famille en sera marqué à jamais.Une fabrique de gris-gris pour sauver Philippe, un enfant emmuré dans un silence traumatique. Le dévouement d'un médecin-sorcier-écrivain, Jacques, qui met tout en œuvre pour l'aider. La fuite de Karine, devenue médecin, qui soigne les pauvres et devra se cacher pour sauver sa peau et celle de ses enfants. L'exil d'un frère rebelle, Jean-Baptiste, et la quête de sa fille, Isabel, qui part à sa recherche en Amérique latine. Et le regard tendre et lucide de Simone, Man Mona, fantôme veillant sur chacun d'eux. Entre les souvenirs familiaux et le présent des retrouvailles, Tu nous manques (Éditions remue-ménage) suit le destin des femmes vaillantes de cette famille haïtienne ordinaire et extraordinaire, marquée dans sa chair par la violence politique, les mensonges et la résistance. Comment survivre, sinon en combattant la terreur ? Que veut encore dire « libérer la terre natale » lorsque tous les morceaux ont volé en éclats ?
En Haïti, Jan J. Dominique a travaillé comme éducatrice et journaliste à Radio Haïti Inter. L'assassinat de son père en 2000, puis un attentat et des menaces, l'obligent à partir. Elle vit aujourd'hui à Montréal. Aux Éditions du remue-ménage, elle a publié Mémoire d'une amnésique (2004), La Célestine (2007) et Mémoire errante (2008). Son nouveau roman s'intitule Tu nous manques. En 1957, à Port-au-Prince en Haïti, naît Karine Rivel. La même année, François Duvalier, dit Papa Doc, est élu à la tête d'Haïti, quelque temps avant d'en devenir le dictateur brutal et d'imposer sa milice tortionnaire. Le destin de Karine et de tous les membres de sa famille en sera marqué à jamais.Une fabrique de gris-gris pour sauver Philippe, un enfant emmuré dans un silence traumatique. Le dévouement d'un médecin-sorcier-écrivain, Jacques, qui met tout en œuvre pour l'aider. La fuite de Karine, devenue médecin, qui soigne les pauvres et devra se cacher pour sauver sa peau et celle de ses enfants. L'exil d'un frère rebelle, Jean-Baptiste, et la quête de sa fille, Isabel, qui part à sa recherche en Amérique latine. Et le regard tendre et lucide de Simone, Man Mona, fantôme veillant sur chacun d'eux. Entre les souvenirs familiaux et le présent des retrouvailles, Tu nous manques (Éditions remue-ménage) suit le destin des femmes vaillantes de cette famille haïtienne ordinaire et extraordinaire, marquée dans sa chair par la violence politique, les mensonges et la résistance. Comment survivre, sinon en combattant la terreur ? Que veut encore dire « libérer la terre natale » lorsque tous les morceaux ont volé en éclats ?
There's nothing like the sound of Sunday Mornin' Comin' Down, and there's no voice that can sing it like the froggy croak of Kris Kristofferson, perhaps the smartest man in music! His eponymous debut album is full of character work and hit after hit of excellent storytelling. We'll discover how he abandoned his Rhodes scholar days and exploited his military pilot training to harass a superstar and break into the music biz! After churning out hits like Me And Bobby McGee and To Beat The Devil he even launched a lucrative acting career... The man doesn't Stop Stopperson! The Mixtaper delivers during his Kris-themed round of Fact Or Spin where we learn about wrestling refs, brutish rugby, and Kristory in the making. Even if you don't love his music, you'll want to listen to this episode just For The Good Times! Keep Spinning at www.SpinItPod.com!Thanks for listening!0:00 Intro3:07 About Kris Kristofferson13:00 About Kristofferson (The Album)17:51 Awards & Accolades18:19 Fact Or Spin22:22 A Rugby Krisis26:02 Kristastrophe At The Grand Ol' Opry30:23 Kris-Krossing In The Ring35:41 Kristory In The Making41:06 Album Art42:44 Blame It On The Stones47:04 To Beat The Devil49:34 Me And Bobby McGee52:45 Best Of All Possible Worlds54:46 Help Me Make It Through The Night57:11 The Law Is For Protection Of The People59:35 Casey's Last Ride1:01:08 Just The Other Side Of Nowhere1:02:31 Darby's Castle1:05:07 For The Good Times1:06:47 Duvalier's Dream1:08:37 Sunday Mornin' Comin' Down1:11:20 Final Spin Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
En 6AM de Caracol Radio estuvo el representante ante la Cámara, Duvalier Sánchez, para hablar sobre quién vigilará que los decretos de conmoción interior no superen los 90 días.
La Syrie vit une période de transition historique depuis la chute du régime de Bachar el-Assad en décembre 2024. C'est un moment de grandes aspirations pour les différentes populations du pays, dont une communauté plutôt méconnue, installée au sud de la Syrie. La ville de Soueïda, à une centaine de kilomètres au sud de Damas, est surnommée « La Petite Venezuela ». RFI a pu s'y rendre pour un reportage exclusif. Notre envoyée spéciale Mélissa Barra a rencontré Carmelinda Rouslan qui fabrique des petits drapeaux syriens en macramé, ces drapeaux de la révolution ont trois étoiles et une bande verte et ils étaient interdits sous le régime de Bachar el-Assad : « Nous les avons tissés rapidement, il fallait faire vite. C'est une nouvelle vie qui commence, pleine d'espoir. Les gens ont besoin d'une vie meilleure. » Soueïda est le fief de la plus grosse communauté syrienne vénézuélienne. Cinq artisanes travaillent dans la boutique de Carmelinda. Elles confectionnent des sacs, des accessoires de décoration et même des poupées vêtues de costumes traditionnels vénézuéliens. « Ces femmes travaillent », explique Carmelinda, « ce n'est pas facile car l'économie est en récession et les prix sont élevés. Les femmes doivent faire vivre leurs familles. Comme au Venezuela, toute la famille travaille ».Carmelinda Rouslan est née à Caroca, au nord-est du Venezuela. Elle vit en Syrie, le pays de ses parents, depuis qu'elle a 14 ans. Dans un mélange d'espagnol et d'arabe, elle explique que de nombreux clients ont les mêmes origines. « La terre vénézuélienne est à jamais dans nos cœurs », ajoute-t-elle.Les habitants de Soueïda ont tous un cousin ou une tante en Amérique latine. Selon un historien local, une première vague de Syriens a émigré dans les années 50 au Venezuela pour travailler dans les champs et dans les mines d'or. Puis, après le coup d'État en 1970 de Hafez el-Assad, le père de Bachar, d'autres sont partis pour trouver un emploi dans les exploitations pétrolières. Certains enfants de ces générations sont rentrés en Syrie.Sawsan Almaaz en fait partie. Elle a ouvert dans le centre-ville un restaurant, où se retrouvent tous les mois les membres du groupe d'amitié Syrie Venezuela. « Quand les clients demandent des arepas vénézuéliennes - nos galettes de maïs traditionnelles – nous les préparons. » dit-elle. « On peut se procurer de la farine de maïs mais elle est chère. Elle est importée. L'ancien régime avait mis beaucoup d'impôts sur les produits d'importation. Ils coûtaient trois fois plus cher qu'un produit national. Le prix devrait baisser désormais. D'ailleurs, c'est déjà un peu le cas. »Durant les années 2000, le gouvernement vénézuélien a tissé des liens avec Bachar el-Assad. On dit qu'à ce moment-là, Soueïda a reçu le surnom de « Petite Venezuela ». « Quand Hugo Chavez était en vie, il est venu à Soueïda et a posé la première pierre du club vénézuélien de la ville. La moitié des habitants se sentent Vénézuéliens, par naissance ou par expatriation, ou bien parce que leurs enfants et petits-enfants le sont », explique Aida Hadefi, gérante d'une pharmacie et membre du club d'amitié. « Mon père et ma mère sont arrivés en bateau là-bas. Mes enfants sont nés au Venezuela. Ce pays est notre terre, notre mère. »2011 a marqué un moment décisif dans cette grande histoire de migrations. La guerre civile et la sanglante répression ont déclenché une nouvelle vague d'exil. « La Syrie est belle mais nous avons beaucoup souffert à cause de ce président. Qu'il brûle en enfer ! À cause de lui, nous avons été contraints à l'exil. Beaucoup de gens ont quitté le pays pour le Venezuela, la plupart depuis Soueïda. Maintenant nous sommes heureux. C'est la première fois que je peux en parler publiquement, car avant on pouvait vous couper la tête pour ça. Nous sommes âgés mais je pense au futur de nos enfants et de nos petits-enfants : j'espère que la Syrie va se relever et devenir meilleure qu'avant »La ville de Soueïda a manifesté au quotidien pour le départ de Bachar el-Assad. Elle a été relativement épargnée par la répression. Ses murs exhibent encore les slogans de la liberté et ces femmes vénézuéliennes ne cessent d'entonner l'hymne de la Syrie nouvelle - Lève la tête, tu es un Syrien libre. Les migrants expulsés des États-Unis arrivent au VenezuelaLe New York Times parle d'une victoire importante pour Donald Trump,Le président américain « avait promis pendant sa campagne d'expulser des millions de migrants sans papiers. Pour y parvenir,» poursuit le journal, « il a besoin que le président vénézuélien de plus en plus isolé par les autres dirigeants, accepte de les accueillir ». Le journal El Mundo publie une photo de Nicolás Maduro au Palais de Miraflores à Caracas serrant la main de Richard Grenell, l'envoyé de Donald Trump pour les missions spéciales. Celui-ci a supervisé l'envoi des premiers avions de migrants vénézuéliens. En échange de cette bonne entente, souligne le journal, «l'administration Trump n'a pas pris de sanctions internationales contre le pays, et n'a pas retiré les licences accordées à la compagnie pétrolière américaine Chevron pour produire 200 000 barils de pétrole par jour sur le sol vénézuélien.» Haïti : Tirs nourris à Pétion-villeEn Haïti, selon des témoignages recueillis par l'agence de presse AlterPresse, des tirs nourris ont été entendus dans plusieurs quartiers de la commune de Pétion-ville.D'importantes rafales ont été signalées, ce qui a créé l'inquiétude au sein de la population qui est terrée chez elle, rapporte AlterPresse, des tirs qui ont débuté dans la nuit de samedi et se sont intensifiés hier (10 février 2025) en début d'après-midi, perturbant les activités commerciales et scolaires. Il s'agirait de gangs armés selon l'article, la police ayant repoussé des tentatives du gang armé Kraze Baryé d'envahir plusieurs quartiers de Pétion-ville.Depuis le 7 Février, date charnière en Haïti marquant cette année les 39 ans de la chute de la dictature des Duvalier, la tension monte dans plusieurs communes. Le conseil exécutif intérimaire de Pétionville, Kenscoff et Tabarre ont alerté sur le climat de terreur lié à la menace des attaques de gangs, encore plus prégnants ces jours-ci.AlterPresse | Haïti-Criminalité : Plusieurs communes de Port-au-Prince en alerte face à des menaces d'attaques de gangs armésLes autorités ont, elles, fait paraître un communiqué réaffirmant leur engagement total à combattre l'insécurité et éradiquer les criminels.« La population doit respirer et la peur doit changer de camp », peut-on y lire. Au même moment, la police nationale a reçu de l'ambassade des États-Unis à Port-au-Prince du matériel neuf ont des armes, des munitions et des véhicules blindés, selon un article à lire dans le Nouvelliste. La PNH reçoit armes, munitions tracteurs et véhicules, dons des USA.Le Nouvelliste revient sur un autre engagement de la présidence haïtienne : poursuivre les personnes sanctionnés par les États-Unis, le Canada et l'ONU.Leslie Voltaire veut des poursuites contre les Haïtiens sanctionnés par les États Unis, le Canada ou l'ONU.« Depuis décembre 2020, les États-Unis, le Canada, et le Conseil de sécurité des Nations unies adoptent des sanctions contre des chefs de gangs, des hommes d'affaires et des leaders politiques » haïtiens accusés de « menacer la paix, de financer les activités des gangs armés et de perpétuer des actes de corruption ». Ces personnes seront désormais susceptibles d'être poursuivies en Haïti, le président du Conseil présidentiel de transition a écrit sur son compte X vouloir agir « avec fermeté pour traduire en justice ceux qui sapent la sécurité et la stabilité d'Haïti. »La presse haïtienne se fait aussi l'écho d'un appel lancé par Martine Moïse, la veuve du président assassiné Jovenel Moïse : elle demande à Donald Trump de déclassifier tous les documents relatifs à la mort de son mari.Assassinat de Jovenel Moïse : Martine demande à Trump de « déclassifier » tous les documents y relatifs | Gazette HaitiElle espère que le président américain fera le même geste que celui qu'il a effectué après son investiture pour déclassifier les documents relatifs aux assassinats de l'ancien président John F. Kennedy, de son frère, l'ex-sénateur Robert F. Kennedy, et de Martin Luther King. Plusieurs enquêtes sont en cours suite à l'assassinat de Jovenel Moïse en Haïti et aux États-Unis mais « le processus judiciaire en Haïti progresse lentement », selon le Nouvelliste. S'adressant directement au président américain sur les réseaux sociaux, Martine Moïse fait un parallèle entre les réformes entreprises par son défunt mari et celles menées par le Donald Trump, insistant sur le fait que l'ancien président haïtien a voulu, comme lui, « mettre un terme aux milliards de dollars de corruption empochés par les oligarques». USAID : la bataille des employés de Mana NutritionDans le sud de la Géorgie à Fitzgerald, Mana Nutrition est une ONG qui fabrique des produits alimentaires pour combattre la faim. Depuis que Donald Trump a menacé de geler l'aide internationale américaine, ses employés sont sur la sellette.Allen Galbraith, le manager, rencontré par Edward Maille, témoigne : « Des enfants meurent s'ils n'ont pas accès à nos produits. Tout ce qu'on fait est pour eux, on mesure notre production quotidienne par rapport au nombre d'enfants qu'on peut nourrir. »Il estime que 98% de la production de nourriture est vendue à l'USAID qui a demandé à Mana Nutrition d'arrêter les contrats, avant de revenir sur cette décision. Malgré cette confusion, le manager doute que le gouvernement américain mette fin à ces dépenses. « Je n'imagine pas quelqu'un s'y opposer et dire « on n'a pas besoin de nourrir ces enfants»… je pense qu'ils vont continuer les financements d'une façon ou d'une autre. »Latranda Williams travaille dans l'odeur de cacahuètes grillées, et elle a effectué un séjour en Ouganda et en Éthiopie : « On est allé à l'hôpital… et certains des enfants pleuraient à cause de la faim… pas à cause d'une maladie… mais de la faim… ».Mana Nutrition estime avoir nourri en 2022 un million d'enfants grâce à ces produits. Les premières taxes douanières américaines autour de l'acier inquiètent l'Amérique latine et le CanadaL'imposition dans un mois de droits de douanes massifs et généralisés sur l'acier et l'aluminium entrant aux États-Unis est le nouvel acte dans la guerre commerciale lancée par Donald Trump.El Pais parle d'un véritable tsunami pour les économies des principaux exportateurs d'acier, que sont le Canada et le Mexique, ainsi que le Brésil, pays qui est devenu en 2024 le deuxième fournisseur de cet alliage souligne le journal.« La première bataille de la guerre économique avec les États-Unis portera sur l'aluminium et l'acier canadien», titre le journal québécois le Devoir.« Les industriels sont profondément préoccupés », poursuit le quotidien. Prenant l'exemple du premier round de taxes douanières lors du premier mandat de Donald Trump, le quotidien rappelle que dès 2018, « les exportations de produits canadiens en acier ont reculé de 37,8% » alors que « les exportations d'aluminium ont diminué de moitié ».Pour l'entrepreneur mexicain, Carlos Slim, il faut renforcer les échanges avec les autres pays et notamment la Chine. Le magnat des télécoms mexicains pense aussi que les tarifs douaniers ne sont pas faits pour durer. Ses propos sont à lire dans el Milenio. Colombie : l'incertitude après le départ de 4 ministresEn Colombie, une crise politique est ouverte depuis dimanche (9 février 2025) : le président Gustavo Petro a demandé à ses ministres et aux haut-fonctionnaires de démissionner.El Espectador Petro a quitté le gouvernement par intérim avec de l'incertitude sur trois fronts clés : les réformes et les élections | Nouvelles aujourd'hui | LE SPECTATEUR explique que dans « un tweet publié quelques heures avant d'atterrir à l'aéroport de Dubaï, où il entame une tournée au Moyen-Orient, le président Gustavo Petro a clairement indiqué qu'il ne voulait pas de divisions internes entre ses ministres». El Tiempo craint que le départ de ses ministres et notamment du ministre de l'Intérieur n'ait des conséquences sur l'avancement des réformes sociales et notamment celle de la justice. Le départ de Juan Fernando Cristo, poursuit le journal, est une perte car il était un homme rassembleur qui « en 7 mois est parvenu à tempérer les foudres du Congrès colombien touché par plusieurs scandales ». L'actualité des Outre-MerBenoît Ferrand de la 1ère nous parle du Grand Port Maritime de Fort-de-France qui veut devenir un hub incontournable dans les Caraïbes.
At what cost revolution? In Fabienne Josaphat's new novel, “Kingdom of No Tomorrow,” 20-year-old Nettie Boileau trades the turmoil of Duvalier's Haiti for the tumult of 1960s America. Settling with her aunt in Oakland, she is drawn to the social programs spearheaded by the burgeoning Black Panther Party. But her focus on healing and public health is soon subsumed by the revolution and her passionate relationship with Black Panther leader Melvin Mosley. Josaphat drew on her own family's history for insight into the activism of the Panthers. Her father, an attorney, was imprisoned during Francois Duvalier's reign in Haiti. And she remembers reading her father's books as a child, biographies and memoirs of leaders in the Civil Rights Movement. “I remember starting to do my research about the Black Panthers and thinking to myself, ‘I think I know about this already but I don't know how. Where did I learn this?'” she tells Kerri Miller on this week's Big Books and Bold Ideas. “And then I realized, it was probably me going through [my father's] books.”Josaphat brings the gift of those books full circle with her new novel as she brings the inner workings of the Black Panthers to fresh light, including how the fight for social justice didn't always mean equal rights for women. Guest: Fabienne Josaphat was born and raised in Haiti. Her new novel “Kingdom of No Tomorrow” was awarded the PEN/Bellwether Prize for Socially Engaged Fiction in 2023. Subscribe to Big Books and Bold Ideas with Kerri Miller podcast on Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS or anywhere you get your podcasts.Subscribe to the Thread newsletter for the latest book and author news and must-read recommendations.
La rumeur enfle depuis plusieurs jours : les groupes armés de la coalition Vivre Ensemble se prépareraient à fondre sur Pétion-Ville, banlieue cossue de Port-au-Prince qui abrite le siège du gouvernement, les ambassades et les organisations internationales. C'est un jour-clé, parce qu'en Haïti, cette date du 7 février renvoie à la chute de la dictature des Duvalier en 1986, poussés dehors par une insurrection populaire. Les gangs chercheraient à surfer sur ce symbole de l'histoire haïtienne et le Conseil présidentiel de transition à placer la capitale en état d'alerte maximale pour les trois prochains jours.Les Haïtiens entrevoient malgré tout une lueur d'espoir, car l'administration Trump a levé les doutes et affirmé qu'elle soutiendrait bel et bien la Mission multinationale d'appui à la sécurité (MMAS). Au terme d'une importante visite hier (6 février 2025) en République dominicaine, le nouveau patron de la diplomatie américaine, Marco Rubio, a promis que les États-Unis ne quitteraient pas le navire : « La solution pour Haïti est aux mains d'Haïti, de son peuple, de ses élites. Mais nous allons les aider. Nous allons participer parce que nous ne pouvons pas ignorer les problèmes actuels. Le futur du pays doit être aux mains des Haïtiens. Malheureusement, aujourd'hui une grande partie du territoire est contrôlée par des gangs armés. Il faut faire face à ce danger. Le premier objectif est donc de pacifier cette situation. Et la seule option, c'est la mission qui existe. Nous allons continuer à la soutenir. Mais le cadre de cette mission doit être élargi pour pouvoir éliminer ces gangs. »En substance, c'est aussi le discours de Luis Abinader à la sortie de son tête-à-tête à Saint-Domingue avec Marco Rubio. On connaît la rhétorique au vitriol du président dominicain au sujet d'Haïti et les tensions politiques et migratoires entre les deux pays. Abinader estime depuis toujours que la crise sécuritaire haïtienne menace les Dominicains, et il s'est plaint hier que trop de gouvernements étrangers restent spectateurs du carnage : « Il n'y a pas de temps à perdre. La situation d'Haïti est une menace pour la sécurité de toute la région, et pour les États-Unis. Chaque jour, le pays est confronté à la barbarie. Haïti se noie. Et pendant ce temps-là, une partie de la communauté internationale observe la gravité de la situation depuis le rivage. Nous savons tous les deux que nos pays ne peuvent pas fuir la responsabilité de faire face à cette situation avec une grande détermination. Dans le cas d'Haïti, la participation des États-Unis est essentielle et irremplaçable ».Coïncidence : pendant qu'Abinader et Rubio échangeaient à Saint-Domingue, la MMAS accueillait à Port-au-Prince un nouveau contingent de policiers kenyans. 144 agents sont arrivés hier, dont 24 femmes, les premières policières kenyanes à être déployées en Haïti. La MMAS compte désormais environ un millier de membres. Elle récupère aussi trois hélicoptères militaires en provenance du Salvador, qui ont été livrés hier et qui vont servir à l'évacuation des blessés. Le Fort Saint-Joseph, incarnation d'un patrimoine haïtien en déshérence Notre consœur du média d'investigation en ligne Ayibopost, Lucnise Duquereste, signe un article consacré au Fort Saint-Joseph, qui surplombe la baie du Cap Haïtien, un symbole de la lutte et de la résistance face aux colons français. L'édifice, construit par la France entre 1748 et 1774, « a été repris par les esclaves pendant la période révolutionnaire […] avant de tomber définitivement sous le contrôle de l'armée indigène en 1803, après la bataille de Vertières », rappelle-t-elle.Ce bâtiment, pourtant classé au Patrimoine mondial de l'UNESCO depuis 20 ans, se dégrade faute d'entretien et les travaux de restauration entamés en 2022 ont été interrompus par manque de moyens. L'Institut de Sauvegarde du Patrimoine National (ISPAN) ne peut intervenir, déplore son directeur général, Patrick Durandisse, qui souligne les contraintes financières et les obstacles logistiques liés à l'insécurité croissante. « Nous comptons aujourd'hui 176 sites et fortifications historiques en danger, voire en péril », alerte le responsable.Si aucune mesure n'est prise pour assurer la sauvegarde de parc national historique, comprenant la Citadelle Laferrière, le Palais Sans-Souci et le Palais des Ramiers, il risque le déclassement de la liste des patrimoines de l'humanité de l'UNESCO. Le canal de Panama mis en péril par la sécheresse et le changement climatiqueLe canal, qui permet de relier les océans Atlantique et Pacifique sans avoir à contourner le continent par le Sud, représente la première source de revenus du Panama. Il repose sur un système de grandes écluses qui nécessitent d'énormes quantités d'eau douce. Chaque transit consomme environ 200 millions de litres d'eau, en grande partie rejetés dans la mer. Pour l'alimenter, deux réservoirs artificiels : le lac Gatún et le lac Alajuela, qui se nourrissent des précipitations et assurent non seulement le fonctionnement des écluses, mais aussi l'approvisionnement en eau potable des riverains.En 2023, le phénomène météorologique El Niño a provoqué une sécheresse historique et sévère des bassins versants, ces zones qui collectent les eaux pluviales de ruissellement et qui garantissent l'approvisionnement en eau du canal. Le niveau d'eau s'établissait à 1,80 mètre sous la normale, causant ainsi un ralentissement du commerce maritime international et des embouteillages de cargos.Ces dérèglements se multiplient sous l'effet du réchauffement climatique. Résultat, l'Autorité du canal plafonne le nombre de navires autorisés à traverser, ce qui représente une grosse perte en matière de chiffre d'affaires et entraîne d'importantes conséquences environnementales.Pour y remédier, le gouvernement panaméen envisage des solutions de court terme : obliger les compagnies à effectuer des réservations pour toute traversée, mettre en place une surveillance accrue des fuites d'eau, ou encore la technique du cross-filing, qui consiste à réutiliser l'eau d'une chambre à l'autre par un système de remplissage croisé, sauvant l'équivalent de la consommation de six transits journaliers (sur une trentaine en moyenne.À long terme, on parle aussi du projet de barrage Rio Indio, estimé à près d'1,6 milliard de dollars, 840 mètres de long et 80,5 mètres de haut. Il s'agit d'endiguer la rivière Indio toute proche et de relier ce nouveau réservoir au lac Gatún qui alimente le canal en eau, grâce à un tunnel de 8 kilomètre à creuser dans la montagne.Le président panaméen y semble favorable, mais la population locale rechigne et les experts sont dubitatifs, car ce projet implique des sacrifices. Les vallées fluviales d'El Zaino et de La Arenosa, riches en biodiversité et habitées par des communautés agricoles, seraient submergées. Près de 2 260 personnes devraient être relogées, et 2 000 autres seraient partiellement affectées. Le gouvernement a promis un budget de 400 millions de dollars pour indemniser les familles et les relocaliser, mais la méfiance est palpable.Une chose est sûre, la dégradation environnementale des bassins versants du Canal du Panama entraîne un ralentissement de l'activité économique déjà fragile du pays – une tendance mondiale, qui rappelle la permanence de l'enjeu de l'eau.Dossier signé Chloé Balta, à réécouter dans son intégralité dans l'édition du jour. Russell Vought, une nomination polémique validée par le Sénat américainIl vient d'être confirmé à la tête d'une agence stratégique : le Bureau américain du budget. Les Démocrates ont tout fait pour saboter le processus, mais ils n'avaient pas les voix. Par 53 votes contre 47, cet idéologue conservateur revient dans le fauteuil qu'il occupait pendant le premier mandat Trump. Pourquoi tant de haine ? Parce que Russell Vought, c'est un partisan de terre brûlée, co-auteur du « Projet 2025 », un catalogue de mesures ultra-libérales et réactionnaires censé servir de référence au Parti républicain. Le New York Times rappelle l'un de ses discours à propos des fonctionnaires fédéraux, en 2023. « Nous voulons, disait-il, traumatiser les bureaucrates. Ce que nous voulons, lorsqu'ils se lèvent le matin, c'est qu'ils n'aient pas envie d'aller travailler parce qu'ils sentent qu'ils sont devenus des pestiférés ». Avec Russell Vought, on s'attend à un énorme plan d'économies, dont la revue Forbes liste les priorités : tailler dans les programmes d'éducation civique, réduire le périmètre du ministère du logement, dépouiller l'assurance-maladie pour les plus démunis et s'en prendre à l'Agence de protection de l'environnement. C'est aussi un défenseur acharné de la fonction présidentielle, qui doit, selon lui, pouvoir passer outre certaines lois votées par le Congrès américain. L'actualité des Outre-mer avec nos confrères de la 1èreRodrigue Petitot, le leader du RPPRAC (Rassemblement pour la protection des peuples et des ressources afro-caribéens) dénonce une nouvelle fois les accords signés en octobre 2024 et réclame un nouveau protocole contre la vie chère en Martinique.
My guest today had an impressive career at Club Med, spanning from 1985 to 2000. His journey began as a 20-year-old Texas A&M university student on summer break, visiting Club Med Paradise Island as a G.M. and inspired by his uncle who worked for Club Med for seven years. His first season as a G.O. was at Club Med Paradise Island, where he specialized in Sailing and Windsurfing. Over the years, he took on roles including Chief of Sports, Public Relations, Annex Restaurant Manager, and ultimately, Chief of Village. His career led him to stunning destinations like Tahiti, Greece, Thailand, Turkey, Malaysia, and France. Who else could I be talking about?! Please help me welcome, from Texas, the one and only, Steve Riely! With someone like Steve, whose Club Med career spanned an impressive 15 years, it was impossible to cover everything—but we still managed to dive into some fascinating highlights. Steve shares unforgettable stories, including the evacuation of guests and G.O.s from Club Med Haiti to Montreal during the 1986 overthrow of the Duvalier regime, his time as Public Relations aboard the Club Med 1 in 1991, and the opening of Club Med Columbus Isle in 1992. We also touch on a mischievous golf buggy escapade in Sandpiper and Steve's passion for everything Elvis. Prepare for an action-packed hour of incredible tales from a true master storyteller. Enjoy the episode! **My First Season podcast has always been ad-free and free to listen to and is available to download on: Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, Samsung Podcasts, Podbean App, Podchaser, Spotify, Amazon Music/Audible, TuneIn + Alexa, iHeartRadio, PlayerFM, Pandora and Listen Notes. And if you like what you hear, please leave a review on Apple podcasts. If you'd like to check out RunSedona 2025 which we spoke about, see the link below: https://www.runsedona.com/
Il 15 giugno 1974 è una data storica nella storia del calcio: Dino Zoff vede infrangersi il suo record d'imbattibilità in Nazionale. Dopo aver annullato alcuni dei migliori attaccanti al mondo, il portiere dell'Italia si deve arrendere allo sconosciuto Emmanuel Sanon, il giovane centravanti di Haiti. Ma la squadra caraibica è molto più di questo piccolo primato: rappresenta il vertice delle ambizioni sportive di una spietata dittatura. LE FONTI USATE PER QUESTO EPISODIO: BURNTON Simon, World Cup stunning moments: Haiti shock Dino Zoff's Italy, The Guardian CORDOLCINI Alec, I Duvalier e l'amore per il calcio: quando “Baby Doc” chiese aiuto alla Figc per portare Haiti al Mondiale, Il Fatto Quotidiano Haiti: The Dark Heart of the 1974 World Cup, Beyond The Last Man KATWALA Amit, World Cup Stories, 1974: Docs and curses -Haiti's brilliant orange, Medium La musica è "Inspired" di Kevin MacLeod [incompetech.com] Licenza C.C. by 4.0 Potete seguire Pallonate in Faccia ai seguenti link: https://pallonateinfaccia.com/ https://www.facebook.com/pallonateinfacciablog https://twitter.com/pallonatefaccia https://www.instagram.com/pallonateinfaccia/ Per contattarmi: pallonateinfaccia@gmail.com Iscrivetevi alla newsletter THE BEAUTIFUL SHAME! COME SOSTENERE PALLONATE IN FACCIA
Clément Barbot (1914-1963), originaire des Gonaïves, fut une figure centrale du régime de François Duvalier en Haïti. Enseignant devenu chef de la police secrète, il participa activement à la répression, avec des raids nocturnes et des exécutions ciblées. Il joua un rôle stratégique en 1958 en armant des volontaires pour repousser une tentative d'invasion et contribua à un pacte entre Duvalier et le dictateur Trujillo. Après avoir brièvement assumé la direction du pays durant une crise cardiaque de Duvalier en 1960, sa montée en puissance suscita la méfiance de ce dernier, qui le fit emprisonner. Libéré, Barbot s'opposa à son ancien mentor, mais resta marginalisé, son passé violent freinant le soutien des opposants. En 1963, il intensifia sa lutte avec des attaques meurtrières, alimentant des rumeurs sur des pouvoirs surnaturels. Trahi, il fut tué avec ses frères le 14 juillet 1963. Sa mort symbolise les violences et les intrigues du régime duvaliériste.
Nous recevons l'avocate Melissa Charles, elle viendra nous présenter son tout dernier livre "Mes 4 saisons à succès" On discute avec Florise Boyard de Meya Beauty. On parle entre autre de son évènement du 7 décembre. L'auteur Lucienne Nicolas a publié son roman "La maquisarde du plateau". Cette histoire est basée sur des faits réels qui se sont passés en Haïti durant le régime de Duvalier. On s'entretient avec elle à 13:30
For our second Nosvember entry we revisit a film we watched together for the first time during pandi lockdown times. Also we discuss horrible facial injuries (cw), Stephen's Dorff-ness, and Kris K's legacy. +++++Outro: Kris Kristofferson performing Duvalier's DreamTheme by Prof Ping available on Bandcamp --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/zandkmoviepod/support
Seguimos con la segunda parte de la audioserie titulada "Érase una vez el Este", en ese viaje y aventuras y desventuras de nuestros protagonistas a la isla caribeña de Haití. Como ya sabéis esta serie o audioserie consiste en varios capítulos en los que se mezclan la realidad y la ficción y en los que hablamos de hechos históricos y de sucesos que están de plena actualidad. Y este proyecto de "Érase una vez el Este", es idea, como ya sabéis, de dos grandes amigos de LA BIBLIOTECA DE LA HISTORIA, como son Juan Lamas, malagueño, historiador, escritor y guionista, y Verónica, barcelonesa, actriz y cantante amateur y gran apasionada por la historia. Ellos son los artífices de esto y les agradezco su trabajo. *En este programa tenemos de nuevo el placer de contar con la voz de nuestro gran amigo Julio Caronte. Os dejo con el octavo capítulo titulado "El jardín talado". Cualquiera que haya paseado por un bosque antiguo se puede dar cuenta de lo rápido que se degradan los árboles caídos. En poco tiempo el antaño orgulloso tronco se verá colonizado por hongos e insectos xilófagos y en unos años será asimilado por la floresta. Lógicamente habrá unas maderas más resistentes que otras.. pero para cada una de ellas siempre hay organismos diferentes y especializados. El gobierno de Haití será ese tronco talado que comenzará a descomponerse poquito a poco. La intervención militar y saqueo de los EEUU primero... Y la mala gobernanza de Papá Duvalier, utilizando la sugestión del Vudú y su hijo, Baby Doc, marcarán el ritmo de la degradación estructural de las fibras de la madera del Estado hasta el presente. El Vuduísmo, tan denostado, muchas veces es visto como el chivo expiatorio de esta historia.. cuando todos sabemos que no fueron los Espíritus del vudú los que enarbolaron el hacha, sino que fueron otros los responsables de talar el jardín. Bienvenidos a lo que queda del jardín del Caribe. Un lugar donde unos visitantes siembran margaritas mientras los jardineros las deshojan para sobrevivir. Noticias: -Yesterday-s-newsreel-u-s-marines-in-haiti-1915-1920: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O5j_7ORregk&t=19s -Joe Biden "wouldnt matter a whole lot if haiti sunk into the caribbean": https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8H5guljUIdc -Francois Duvalier "Je jure": https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6VhLH6d5nng -Haiti "macoutes" anti-us-invasion-marc: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eMrxlEfLW-Q -Haiti US troops raid: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XAV_0CTyfog&t=13s Música: -Trap Kreyol Mashup 47xjesusxThe Plug: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=620IoitlcUE -Al Bowlly - If I Had You - 1928 Fred Elizalde Band: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6-YgaJQKpto -Canto-a-papa-legba-voodo-haitiano-y-21: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SKY6O5ixcv4 -ChinaTownRunner- Pressure X Gee Kade(Prod. Depo): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LqATlUGnWU4 -Francois Duvalier "Papa peyi a renmenw etoile du soir": https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QYYeIfHHYoY -Haïti_ danse traditionnelle & folklorique: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MtE8tFcSI48 -Jackito - Je l'aime a mourir: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tO7N61mUzmk -KRIYE PA LEVE LA MÒ SI KRIYE TE LEVE LA MÒ MANMAN BRIGITTE TA MOURI LEVE: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=17IgPOYfH9A&t=44s -Les Chômeurs D'Haiti live @ Canne Sucre (197X) - Chire Pantalet: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gbQDut7BqGk -Les Difficiles de Petion-Ville - Ce la vie (1970): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5rVrrdib4sA -Marcha presidencial del presidente de U.S.A: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Qt4_0pLHD4 -Orchestre Tropicana D'Haiti - Anita: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ARb-m_02m7A -Papa Legba Meditation Chant: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ix0UwBeegkA -Suk-sale: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=18cUW1EEcwQ Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals
Die Geister die ich rief! Lukas ist hier und hat Papa mitgebracht. Zwar nicht seinen, dafür aber einen, der mit allen Voodoo-Wassern gewaschen ist. Ab nach Haiti! Diese Episode entstand in Kooperation mit Lukas Fleischmann und seinem Podcast "BITTE NICHT ANFASSEN! – Museum mal anders". Ihn und den Podcast findet ihr auf folgenden Kanälen: Direktlink zum Podcast (escucha.de) Ab zur Voodoo-Episode BITTE NICHT ANFASSEN! auf Spotify BITTE NICHT ANFASSEN! auf Instagram Gefällt euch was wir machen? Wir würden uns über finanzielle Unterstützung bei Steady freuen. So hilft ihr uns, unsere Kosten für den Podcast zu decken. Ihr könnt uns aber auch mit Feedback auf iTunes, Twitter, Facebook, Instagram oder hier in den Kommentaren helfen. Heldendumm ist ein Teil vom #Historytelling-Netzwerk. Mehr zu dem Thema findet ihr auf geschichtspodcasts.de! Mehr zur dieser Episode: "Papa Doc" - Haitis "Voodoo"-Diktator (zdf.de) Buch: LE FASCISME MYSTIQUE Du Docteur François Duvalier von Gérard Aubourg François Duvalier (Wikipedia DE) Baron Samedi (Wikipedia DE) Kim Jong Un und Disneyland (reddit.com) Episoden-Cover: Ismail Biya Intro- & Outro-Musik: @lcp_ictures auf Instagram #HeldendummAndFriends #HeldendummPapa
Mit Voodoo-Puppen kannst du erfolgreich Menschen schaden, im Voodoo gibt es Menschenopfer und mal wieder kommt alles Dunkle und Mysteriöse aus Afrika. Alles ausgemachter Bullshit, der sich aber hartnäckig bis in die Gegenwart hält. In dieser Folge geht es deswegen ins Château Musée Vodou nach Straßburg, das mit einigen Vorurteilen aufräumt. Denn unser Bild dieser jahrhundertealten ursprünglich westafrikanischen Religion ist geprägt von schlechten Filmen aus den 60ern und Drehbuchschreibenden, die diese Religion bis heute falsch darstellen. Ihr erfahrt in der Folge, wie Voodoo wirklich funktioniert, was es mit den Ahnen auf sich hat und warum es im Museum ein Objekt gibt, das man regelmäßig mit Gin bespucken muss. Für alle die dann noch nicht genug haben empfehlen wir die aktuelle Folge von „Heldendumm“. Da erklärt Lukas unseren Freunden die Geschichte von François Duvalier, dem ehemaligen haitianischen Diktator, der nach einem Unfall davon ausging, die Reinkarnation eines Voudou-Geistes zu sein. ~~~~~~~ Hilfreiche Links: So sieht die aktive Khelessi aus https://www.escucha.de/wp-content/uploads/IMG_2596-scaled.jpeg So sieht eine von vielen Legbas aus: https://www.escucha.de/wp-content/uploads/IMG_2593-scaled.jpeg Die Fassade des Museums im alten Wasserturm https://www.escucha.de/wp-content/uploads/IMG_2593-scaled.jpeg Im Inneren des Museums mit den Ngungun-Kostümen: https://www.escucha.de/wp-content/uploads/IMG_2608-scaled.jpeg ~~~~~~~ Infos zum Museum Château Musée Vodou 4 rue de koenigshoffen 67000 STRASBOURG 03 88 36 15 03 contact@chateau-vodou.com https://www.chateau-vodou.com/ ~~~~~~~ Wollt ihr uns unterstützen? Dann schaut doch auf unserer Steady-Seite vorbei: https://steadyhq.com/en/bitte-nicht-anfassen ~~~~~~~ Podcast-Credits: Sprecher: Lukas Fleischmann, Ralph Würschinger Produktion: Escucha GbR Podcast-Grafik: Tobias Trauth; https://www.instagram.com/don_t_obey/ , Rahmen KI-generiertIntro/Outro: Patrizia Nath (Sprecherin) https://www.patrizianath.com/, Lukas Fleischmann (Musik) Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.
www.stimpack.org Summary This conversation delves into the complex history of Haiti, exploring the factors that have contributed to its current state of poverty. Jeff Frazier discusses the historical context of Haiti's struggles, the impact of isolation and crippling debt, the rise and fall of its golden age, and the consequences of dictatorship on investment and economic stability. The conversation culminates in identifying the missing piece necessary for Haiti's prosperity, emphasizing the importance of good governance and international relations. Takeaways Haiti's environmental degradation is a significant issue. The historical context of slavery and colonialism shaped Haiti's economy. Haiti was once a wealthy colony, producing immense wealth for France. Isolation and debt have severely impacted Haiti's development. The Duvalier dictatorship led to a significant decline in investment. Predictability and freedom are essential for economic growth. Haiti's golden age in the 1950s was short-lived due to political instability. The international community has focused on governance in Haiti. Understanding Haiti's history is crucial for addressing its current challenges. The missing piece for Haiti's prosperity is yet to be fully identified. Chapters 00:00 Introduction and Welcome 00:52 The Puzzle of Haiti 01:35 Haiti's Poverty and Food Insecurity 03:22 Gangs and Control in Port-au-Prince 04:17 Haiti's Potential and Missing Piece 06:51 The Journey Begins: Captivity and Enslavement 08:41 The Revolt: A Fight for Freedom 11:00 Haiti's Independence: A New Dawn 13:04 The Burden of Debt: France's Demands 17:06 The Golden Age: A Brief Resurgence 22:43 The Downward Spiral: Economic Collapse 24:57 New Chapter 25:07 New Chapter 2 25:12 New Chapter 3
En Haïti, cela fait deux mois que les policiers kényans ont été déployés - soit le premier contingent d'une force multinationale pour libérer le pays de l'emprise des gangs. Ce n'est pas la première fois que la communauté internationale intervient en Haïti, pour aider le pays, mais aussi avoir un poids sur place. L'Américain Jake Johnston est chercheur associé au Centre pour la recherche politique et économique de Washington. Dans son livre Aid State : Elite Panic, Disaster Capitalism and the Battle to Control Haiti, il s'est intéressé à tout le système d'aide mis en place après le tremblement de terre de 2010, par les États-Unis et la communauté internationale. RFI : Au début de votre livre, vous racontez que, juste après le tremblement de terre, le président haïtien n'a même pas encore contacté tous ses ministres que les États-Unis ont déjà mis en place une cellule de crise. Selon vous, cela a beaucoup à voir avec la peur ?Jake Johnston : Je pense que de bien des manières, la réponse internationale au tremblement de terre était motivée par une certaine peur qui existe depuis le début de l'histoire d'Haïti : la peur d'une République noire indépendante. Et même aujourd'hui, bien que le contexte soit différent, après le tremblement de terre, il y avait encore cette peur que dans l'effondrement de l'autorité, les pouvoirs en place — ces acteurs internationaux et cette élite locale qui contrôlent Haïti depuis si longtemps — soient en train de perdre le contrôle. C'est une peur qui a eu aussi des conséquences fatales. Parce que définir comme priorité la sécurité et les ressources militaires dans une situation qui exigeait une réponse humanitaire a ralenti la délivrance de cette aide.Et quand l'aide alimentaire d'urgence est arrivée, ce fut un problème pour les agriculteurs haïtiens ?Ce qui détermine le niveau d'aide alimentaire des États-Unis, ce ne sont pas les besoins sur le terrain, mais plutôt les cultures américaines dont les productions sont excédentaires : c'est un programme de subvention pour les fermiers américains. On prend ces excédents et on les lâche sur les pays en développement. Et après le tremblement de terre, quand il y a eu cette arrivée massive de nourriture importée et distribuée gratuitement, les fermiers haïtiens ne pouvaient tout simplement pas lutter.À écouter dans GéopolitiqueAide internationale, vecteur d'émancipation ou de contrôle ?Énormément d'argent a été récolté après le tremblement de terre, mais les Haïtiens n'ont pratiquement rien vu passer. Comment vous l'expliquez ?Le système d'aide que nous avons créé, et que les pays riches soutiennent, est en grande partie fait pour bénéficier aux pays qui développent cette aide, et pas à ceux qui en ont besoin. Je ne veux pas dire que pas un dollar n'est arrivé en Haïti, mais il y a beaucoup de coûts additionnels : déjà, il y a 20 % de frais généraux pour tous les contrats signés avec les États-Unis, qui reviennent au siège des entreprises. Il faut aussi engager des étrangers, payer pour leur sécurité, leur voyage, et les installer en Haïti — au lieu d'employer des locaux.Il y a aussi des « dysfonctionnements », le plus évident étant la construction promise par les États-Unis de 10 000 maisons destinées aux rescapés du tremblement de terre dans la région de Port-au-Prince.D'abord, l'entreprise qui a eu le financement pour établir les plans et faire les études était dirigée par un ami d'enfance du président haïtien de l'époque. Ensuite, les contrats ne sont pas allés à des locaux, mais à de grandes entreprises internationales — qui ont importé une grande partie des matériaux. Les coûts ont explosé, les retards se sont accumulés. Et le département d'État américain a déplacé le projet à des heures de trajet vers le Nord, pour construire des maisons pour les employés d'un parc industriel que le gouvernement des États-Unis soutenait — au lieu d'en faire bénéficier les déplacés. Pire, il s'est avéré que les entrepreneurs ont utilisé un ciment de qualité inférieure. Le mécanisme bureaucratique qui a occulté tout cela a permis d'assurer une impunité qui dure encore. Cette histoire montre vraiment comment tout cela fonctionne et pourquoi cela continue. Vous écrivez aussi que certaines compagnies ont vu le tremblement de terre comme une opportunité pour relancer les entreprises textiles à bas salaires, qui avaient été très nombreuses dans les années 1970 et 1980 en Haïti.C'est un modèle de développement en place depuis très longtemps en Haïti. On peut remonter à l'esclavage et à la colonisation — la population utilisée comme main-d'œuvre pour exporter des biens pour les riches habitants de capitales étrangères. Pendant la dictature de François Duvalier [1957-1971], Haïti était présenté avec le modèle des entreprises textiles à bas salaires, comme le Taïwan des Caraïbes. C'est vrai que cela créait des emplois, mais pas de développement économique, car c'était tourné vers l'étranger. Et même si, clairement, cela n'avait pas fonctionné, le tremblement de terre a été vu comme l'occasion d'essayer d'aller, une fois de plus, vers ces politiques économiques.Le plus choquant, ce n'est pas que des entreprises veuillent le faire. C'est que les États-Unis et d'autres agences d'aides multilatérales aient utilisé des milliards de dollars de fonds levés après le tremblement de terre pour financer les efforts de ces entreprises.À écouterGarry Conille : « Avec cet accompagnement de la communauté internationale, nous allons réussir »Vous écrivez que la politique haïtienne, y compris le choix du président, est très influencée depuis le tremblement de terre par les États-Unis et la communauté internationale. C'est le cas depuis longtemps. Mais ce qu'on a vu après le tremblement de terre était particulièrement osé. Il y a eu une élection. La communauté internationale avait en quelque sorte décidé de mettre sur le dos du gouvernement l'échec de l'effort de reconstruction — un échec pourtant en grande partie causé par leur propre système d'aide et leurs politiques. Il leur était donc essentiel de trouver un nouveau partenaire.Il y a eu un conflit autour de cette élection, la communauté internationale a envoyé une équipe de l'Organisation des États américains. Ce qu'ils ont fait était vraiment inédit dans l'histoire des observations d'élections : sans recompter aucun vote, ils ont recommandé de remplacer le candidat arrivé second — et soutenu par le gouvernement — par celui qui était arrivé troisième, le populiste et ancien musicien Michel Martelly. Ce qui a facilité son arrivée au pouvoir. Michel Martelly qui, pour en revenir à la violence et l'instabilité que nous voyons aujourd'hui en Haïti, a été accusé par les Nations unies d'avoir financé, armé et dirigé ces groupes armés.Et vous dites que ce que la communauté internationale recherche avant tout, c'est la stabilité.Quand la communauté internationale parle de stabilité en Haïti, habituellement, elle veut dire « stabilité pour les investissements étrangers et pour les élites locales ». La réalité, c'est que cette stabilité, c'est très exactement ce qui génère l'instabilité dans le pays. Car ce n'est pas soutenable pour la majorité de la population. Et une très grande partie des tensions aujourd'hui en Haïti viennent de là : cette question de « la stabilité pour qui, et qui au final bénéficie de ces politiques ».Vous pensez que les États-Unis et la communauté internationale ont une responsabilité dans la situation actuelle ?Sans aucun doute ! Ce qui ne veut pas dire qu'ils soient les seuls responsables. On parle là de la manière dont Haïti interagit avec la communauté internationale – les États-Unis surtout, probablement, mais aussi la France, le Canada et d'autres. Ces politiques n'ont pu être mises en place en Haïti qu'avec l'accord ou l'implication d'acteurs politiques et économiques locaux, qui depuis de très nombreuses années sont l'allié durable de la communauté internationale. Et c'est ce nexus, cette connexion qui a vraiment dominé les politiques en Haïti, et qui finalement porte la responsabilité de la situation actuelle.C'est pour cela que je pense que parler d'Haïti comme d'un État défaillant, c'est absolument faux : ce ne sont pas les Haïtiens qui ont été en charge de leur pays ou capables d'en choisir la trajectoire. Elle l'a été par une petite élite locale, en concertation directe avec des acteurs internationaux. C'est pour cela qu'à l'expression « Failed State », État défaillant, je préfère l'expression « Aid State », l'État de l'aide.
En Haïti, cela fait deux mois que les policiers kényans ont été déployés - soit le premier contingent d'une force multinationale pour libérer le pays de l'emprise des gangs. Ce n'est pas la première fois que la communauté internationale intervient en Haïti, pour aider le pays, mais aussi avoir un poids sur place. L'Américain Jake Johnston est chercheur associé au Centre pour la recherche politique et économique de Washington. Dans son livre Aid State : Elite Panic, Disaster Capitalism and the Battle to Control Haiti, il s'est intéressé à tout le système d'aide mis en place après le tremblement de terre de 2010, par les États-Unis et la communauté internationale. RFI : Au début de votre livre, vous racontez que, juste après le tremblement de terre, le président haïtien n'a même pas encore contacté tous ses ministres que les États-Unis ont déjà mis en place une cellule de crise. Selon vous, cela a beaucoup à voir avec la peur ?Jake Johnston : Je pense que de bien des manières, la réponse internationale au tremblement de terre était motivée par une certaine peur qui existe depuis le début de l'histoire d'Haïti : la peur d'une République noire indépendante. Et même aujourd'hui, bien que le contexte soit différent, après le tremblement de terre, il y avait encore cette peur que dans l'effondrement de l'autorité, les pouvoirs en place — ces acteurs internationaux et cette élite locale qui contrôlent Haïti depuis si longtemps — soient en train de perdre le contrôle. C'est une peur qui a eu aussi des conséquences fatales. Parce que définir comme priorité la sécurité et les ressources militaires dans une situation qui exigeait une réponse humanitaire a ralenti la délivrance de cette aide.Et quand l'aide alimentaire d'urgence est arrivée, ce fut un problème pour les agriculteurs haïtiens ?Ce qui détermine le niveau d'aide alimentaire des États-Unis, ce ne sont pas les besoins sur le terrain, mais plutôt les cultures américaines dont les productions sont excédentaires : c'est un programme de subvention pour les fermiers américains. On prend ces excédents et on les lâche sur les pays en développement. Et après le tremblement de terre, quand il y a eu cette arrivée massive de nourriture importée et distribuée gratuitement, les fermiers haïtiens ne pouvaient tout simplement pas lutter.À écouter dans GéopolitiqueAide internationale, vecteur d'émancipation ou de contrôle ?Énormément d'argent a été récolté après le tremblement de terre, mais les Haïtiens n'ont pratiquement rien vu passer. Comment vous l'expliquez ?Le système d'aide que nous avons créé, et que les pays riches soutiennent, est en grande partie fait pour bénéficier aux pays qui développent cette aide, et pas à ceux qui en ont besoin. Je ne veux pas dire que pas un dollar n'est arrivé en Haïti, mais il y a beaucoup de coûts additionnels : déjà, il y a 20 % de frais généraux pour tous les contrats signés avec les États-Unis, qui reviennent au siège des entreprises. Il faut aussi engager des étrangers, payer pour leur sécurité, leur voyage, et les installer en Haïti — au lieu d'employer des locaux.Il y a aussi des « dysfonctionnements », le plus évident étant la construction promise par les États-Unis de 10 000 maisons destinées aux rescapés du tremblement de terre dans la région de Port-au-Prince.D'abord, l'entreprise qui a eu le financement pour établir les plans et faire les études était dirigée par un ami d'enfance du président haïtien de l'époque. Ensuite, les contrats ne sont pas allés à des locaux, mais à de grandes entreprises internationales — qui ont importé une grande partie des matériaux. Les coûts ont explosé, les retards se sont accumulés. Et le département d'État américain a déplacé le projet à des heures de trajet vers le Nord, pour construire des maisons pour les employés d'un parc industriel que le gouvernement des États-Unis soutenait — au lieu d'en faire bénéficier les déplacés. Pire, il s'est avéré que les entrepreneurs ont utilisé un ciment de qualité inférieure. Le mécanisme bureaucratique qui a occulté tout cela a permis d'assurer une impunité qui dure encore. Cette histoire montre vraiment comment tout cela fonctionne et pourquoi cela continue. Vous écrivez aussi que certaines compagnies ont vu le tremblement de terre comme une opportunité pour relancer les entreprises textiles à bas salaires, qui avaient été très nombreuses dans les années 1970 et 1980 en Haïti.C'est un modèle de développement en place depuis très longtemps en Haïti. On peut remonter à l'esclavage et à la colonisation — la population utilisée comme main-d'œuvre pour exporter des biens pour les riches habitants de capitales étrangères. Pendant la dictature de François Duvalier [1957-1971], Haïti était présenté avec le modèle des entreprises textiles à bas salaires, comme le Taïwan des Caraïbes. C'est vrai que cela créait des emplois, mais pas de développement économique, car c'était tourné vers l'étranger. Et même si, clairement, cela n'avait pas fonctionné, le tremblement de terre a été vu comme l'occasion d'essayer d'aller, une fois de plus, vers ces politiques économiques.Le plus choquant, ce n'est pas que des entreprises veuillent le faire. C'est que les États-Unis et d'autres agences d'aides multilatérales aient utilisé des milliards de dollars de fonds levés après le tremblement de terre pour financer les efforts de ces entreprises.À écouterGarry Conille : « Avec cet accompagnement de la communauté internationale, nous allons réussir »Vous écrivez que la politique haïtienne, y compris le choix du président, est très influencée depuis le tremblement de terre par les États-Unis et la communauté internationale. C'est le cas depuis longtemps. Mais ce qu'on a vu après le tremblement de terre était particulièrement osé. Il y a eu une élection. La communauté internationale avait en quelque sorte décidé de mettre sur le dos du gouvernement l'échec de l'effort de reconstruction — un échec pourtant en grande partie causé par leur propre système d'aide et leurs politiques. Il leur était donc essentiel de trouver un nouveau partenaire.Il y a eu un conflit autour de cette élection, la communauté internationale a envoyé une équipe de l'Organisation des États américains. Ce qu'ils ont fait était vraiment inédit dans l'histoire des observations d'élections : sans recompter aucun vote, ils ont recommandé de remplacer le candidat arrivé second — et soutenu par le gouvernement — par celui qui était arrivé troisième, le populiste et ancien musicien Michel Martelly. Ce qui a facilité son arrivée au pouvoir. Michel Martelly qui, pour en revenir à la violence et l'instabilité que nous voyons aujourd'hui en Haïti, a été accusé par les Nations unies d'avoir financé, armé et dirigé ces groupes armés.Et vous dites que ce que la communauté internationale recherche avant tout, c'est la stabilité.Quand la communauté internationale parle de stabilité en Haïti, habituellement, elle veut dire « stabilité pour les investissements étrangers et pour les élites locales ». La réalité, c'est que cette stabilité, c'est très exactement ce qui génère l'instabilité dans le pays. Car ce n'est pas soutenable pour la majorité de la population. Et une très grande partie des tensions aujourd'hui en Haïti viennent de là : cette question de « la stabilité pour qui, et qui au final bénéficie de ces politiques ».Vous pensez que les États-Unis et la communauté internationale ont une responsabilité dans la situation actuelle ?Sans aucun doute ! Ce qui ne veut pas dire qu'ils soient les seuls responsables. On parle là de la manière dont Haïti interagit avec la communauté internationale – les États-Unis surtout, probablement, mais aussi la France, le Canada et d'autres. Ces politiques n'ont pu être mises en place en Haïti qu'avec l'accord ou l'implication d'acteurs politiques et économiques locaux, qui depuis de très nombreuses années sont l'allié durable de la communauté internationale. Et c'est ce nexus, cette connexion qui a vraiment dominé les politiques en Haïti, et qui finalement porte la responsabilité de la situation actuelle.C'est pour cela que je pense que parler d'Haïti comme d'un État défaillant, c'est absolument faux : ce ne sont pas les Haïtiens qui ont été en charge de leur pays ou capables d'en choisir la trajectoire. Elle l'a été par une petite élite locale, en concertation directe avec des acteurs internationaux. C'est pour cela qu'à l'expression « Failed State », État défaillant, je préfère l'expression « Aid State », l'État de l'aide.
LINKS Vatican bio of Cardinal Langlois https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_langlois_c.html Chibly Langolis on FIU's Cardinals Database (by Salvadore Miranda): https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios2014.htm#Langlois Cardinal Langlois on Gcatholic.org: http://www.gcatholic.org/p/2868 Cardinal Langlois on Catholic-Hierarchy.org: https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/blangc.html Diocese of Les Cayes on Gcatholic.org: http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/lesc0.htm?tab=info Diocese of Les Cayes on Catholic-Hierarchy.org: https://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dlesc.html 2014 Salt and Light Media write up of Cardinal-Elect Langlois https://slmedia.org/blog/meet-the-cardinals-chibly-langlois-les-cayes-haiti 2014 NCR article on Cardinal-Elect Langlois: https://www.ncronline.org/news/people/haitis-new-cardinal-known-tireless-worker-advocate-people 1983 Spokesman Review article on JPII's visit to Haiti: https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=6tkvAAAAIBAJ&pg=7222,4661909 CNA reporting on 2021 earthquake: https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/248690/cardinal-injured-priest-dead-after-earthquake-in-haiti Churchinneed.org reporting on 2021 Haitian bishops' statement: https://www.churchinneed.org/haiti-bishops-issue-urgent-appeal-for-unity/ Jamiaca Observer reporting on 2022 Haitian bishops' statement: https://www.jamaicaobserver.com/latest-news/haitian-bishops-call-for-peace-condemn-violence-and-gang-warfare/ September 2023 Haitian bishop's statement on genocide by criminal gangs: https://international.la-croix.com/news/world/haitian-bishops-call-on-world-to-stop-genocide-by-criminal-gangs/18362 Donate to Haitian relief: https://www.unicef.org/appeals/haiti Thank you for listening, and thank my family and friends for putting up with the time investment and for helping me out as needed. As always, feel free to email the show at Popeularhistory@gmail.com If you would like to financially support Popeular history, go to www.patreon.com/Popeular. If you don't have any money to spare but still want to give back, pray and tell others– prayers and listeners are worth more than gold! TRANSCRIPT Welcome to Cardinal Numbers, a rexypod ranking all the Cardinals of the Catholic Church we can get our hands on, from the Catacombs to Kingdom Come. Check out the show notes for sources, further reading, and a transcript. Today we're discussing another current Cardinal of the Catholic Church, one of the 120 or so people who will choose the next Pope when the time comes. Chibly LANGLOIS was born on November 29, 1958, in La Vallée, a community in the diocese of Jacmel, Haïti, located on the Tiburon Peninsula that forms much of the island nations' southern territory. Barring future appointments, Chibly Langlois is the only Haitian cardinal, so let's briefly look at the island nation's history while we're here. Haiti was the result of the only successful slave rebellion in history, making it a 19th century pariah with no diplomatic recognition or formal trade relations until the populace literally paid for themselves to compensate for the lost air quotes "property", something which they could only afford using the international equivalent of payday loans to predatory lenders. The end result of this is that Haiti is, to this day, one of the poorest countries on earth. It has also had a range of issues establishing an effective and stable government, considering it started from basically nothing, coupled with general hostility from the international community at large, having about two centuries of rule by fiat mixed with coups, a situation which has only begun to change in the last few decades. When Chibly was born, the dictator of the day was François "Papa Doc" Duvalier, who would be succeeded by his son, Jean-Claude "Baby Doc" Duvalier. The Duvalier regime became more repressive after a coup attempt a few months before Chibly's birth, so the family got to deal with that in addition to being no exception to the general poverty. The oldest of four, Chibly entered seminary in 1985, shortly before a 1986 uprising put Baby Doc Duvalier into exile. Incidentally, one of the factors that may have contributed to that uprising was a 1983 visit by none other than Pope John Paul II, where the Supreme Pontiff publicly told the leader of the majority-Catholic country that quote "things must change in Haiti" end quote. Chibly Langlois was ordained in 1991 at the age of 32, becoming a priest for his home diocese of Jacmel. He held a few diocesan roles right off the bat, including serving as vicar for the cathedral, then in 1994 he went off to Rome for further study, obtaining a Licentiate in theology from the Pontifical Lateran University. Like many Cardinals, Fr Langlois also served as a seminary professor, teaching pastoral theology from 2000 to 2004. In 2004, he was elected bishop of Fort-Liberté, where he served until 2011, when he was transferred to head the Diocese of Les Cayes. Later that year, he became head of Haiti's bishops conference, a role he'd fill till 2017. In 2014, Pope Francis announced that he would be elevating Bishop Langlois to the Cardinalate, in the first of what would become Francis' many surprising red-hattings. Cardinal Langlois is Haiti's first Cardinal, and Pope Francis passed over both of the countries' archbishops in the process. The announcement was made on the fourth anniversary of a devastating 2010 earthquake that had killed more than 2% of Haiti's population, including one of the archbishops, and left another 15% of the population homeless. Cardinal Langlois had carried on his general focus on social justice and the poor in his efforts to aid in the aftermath, and the timing of the announcement on the anniversary was seen as no coincidence given his name appearing on the list. Nor was that Cardinal Langlois' last earthquake, he himself was injured in a separate 2021 earthquake that killed three in the priestly residence where he was staying. He also suffered a broken arm in a 2022 car accident. And though I don't want this episode to just be a laundry list of bad things that happened to Cardinal Langlois and his country, I should also note that the Cardinal has been co-signing statements from Haiti's bishops' conference decrying a quote "descent into hell" end quote as they said in 2021, then quote "murderous madness of hatred, of contempt for life” end quote in 2022, and just two months ago their statement included a reference to "genocide" of defenseless civilians by criminal gangs. So, to put it mildly, Cardinal Langlois and his brother bishops want you to know that things are once again not great in Haiti. In fact, since the time I made my original notes here, Haiti's government fell again after the acting President who had not taken promised steps to install a successor was refused access back into the country. Whatever the transition will be is still playing out, with violence among armed gangs being even more common than usual. What can you do? Well, there's a UNICEF fundraising link for relief to Haitian children in the comments. You can also pray, I'm not one to mock thoughts and prayers. If you're going to hop on a plane with relief stuff like a new Roberto Clemente–there's a story, dude should be canonized–let me know and I'll encourage listeners to support your mission. You can spread awareness more generally in some small way, hoping increased attention will eventually bring the aid you can't bring personally. I don't pretend any of those options will have much effect, and I know they're all subject to ridicule from cynics. C'est la vie. I'll let you figure out the best response for you, with a note that anything is better than nothing, though keep in mind you can't do everything. Chibly Langlois is eligible to participate in future conclaves until he turns 80 in 2038. Today's episode is part of Cardinal Numbers, and there will be more Cardinal Numbers next week. Thank you for listening; God bless you all!
Content warning for discussion of genocide, torture, mutilation, rape, and slavery Hey, Hi, Hello, this is the History Wizard and welcome back for Day 16 of Have a Day w/ The History Wizard. Thank you to everyone who tuned in for Day 15 last week, and especially thank you to everyone who rated and/or reviewed the podcast. I hope you all learned something last week and I hope the same for this week. This week marks the 7th part of our mini series of currently ongoing genocides and humanitarian crises. Episode 2 was on Palestine, Episode 11 was on Congo, episode 12 was on Sudan, episode 13 was on Xinjiang, episode 14 was on Rakhine State, episode 15 was on Tigray, and today's episode will focus on the current situation in Haiti. Today's trip to the Alchemist's Table will look somewhat similar to last weeks. This drink is called Persephone's Wedding. It starts with muddled mint before adding some lavender simple syrup and 2 oz of gin. Strain all that over ice and stir for about 30 seconds before topping with lemonade and garnishing with mint. Starting in 1492 Haiti became one of the first European colonies following Columbus's first voyage across the Atlantic Ocean with the settlement at La Navidad. Haiti would remain under European control until their revolution that ended in 1804. We're glossing pretty heavily over the Haitian Revolution in today's episode because the Haitian Revolution and the subsequent Haitian Massacre will be a later episode on this podcast. Now, just because Haiti was now an independent nation and no longer a French colony didn't mean that the country was free of European influence or control. Spain, Germany, and Britain still had large amounts of economic and political sway in the island nation. This would especially be the case when US President Woodrow Wilson, that racist movie loving fuck, sent the Marines to occupy Port au-Prince. Germany was also heavily invested in the island nation, and while the US wasn't in World War 1 yet, they had severe anxieties over an anti-American, and pro-German, president being installed so they took over the nation, overthrew Vilbrun Guillaume Sam, the then president of Haiti. The Marines declared martial law and severely censored the press. Within weeks, a new pro-U.S. Haitian president, Philippe Sudré Dartiguenave, was installed and a new constitution written that was favorable to the interests of the United States. The constitution (written by future US President Franklin D. Roosevelt) included a clause that allowed, for the first time, foreign ownership of land in Haiti, which was bitterly opposed by the Haitian legislature and citizenry. The US would keep a firm grip on Haitian politics, even after their occupation ended in 1934. Haiti would now enter an even greater period of political instability (which is not to say that US occupation was a good thing, an end of colonial occupation often sees old ethnic tensions flare up and massive violence enacted to dismantle colonial power structures). The president at the end of the occupation, Sténio Vincent was forced to step down under US pressure in 1941 and was replaced by Élie Lescot who served until 1946 when he was overthrown in a military coup d'etat and replaced by Dumarsais Estimé until 1950 when HE was overthrown in a military coup and replaced by the staunchly anti-communist Paul Magloire who was strongly supported by the US. Now despite the massive amounts of political instability that we just discussed, it is about to get worse with the Duvalier dynasty. In 1956–57 Haiti underwent severe political turmoil; Magloire was forced to resign and leave the country in 1956 and he was followed by four short-lived presidencies. In the September 1957 election François Duvalier was elected President of Haiti. Known as 'Papa Doc' and initially popular, Duvalier remained President until his death in 1971. He advanced black interests in the public sector, where over time, people of color had predominated as the educated urban elite. Not trusting the army, despite his frequent purges of officers deemed disloyal, Duvalier created a private militia known as Tontons Macoutes ("Bogeymen"), which maintained order by terrorizing the populace and political opponents. In 1964 Duvalier proclaimed himself 'President for Life'; an uprising against his rule that year in Jérémie was violently suppressed, with the ringleaders publicly executed and hundreds of mixed-raced citizens in the town killed. The bulk of the educated and professional class began leaving the country, and corruption became widespread. Duvalier sought to create a personality cult, identifying himself with Baron Samedi, one of the loa (or lwa), or spirits, of Haitian Vodou. Despite the well-publicized abuses under his rule, Duvalier's firm anti-Communism earned him the support of the Americans, who furnished the country with aid. This is something you will find about the United States. While they style themselves the land of the free and the home of the brave they're more than willing to finance and support dictators as long as they 1. Oppose communism and 2. Give the US a free hand to control their economy. So it didn't matter to the “Greatest Country on Earth” is Papa Doc was killing mixed race people and all of his political opponents. He was anti-communist and that was good enough. Now there WAS a coup attempt against Duvalier in the first year of his reign (the first of many) led by some of the military officials he had fired. Those men thought that they could come riding back in and that the people, fed up of Papa Doc's growing autocratic tendencies, would rally to them and they would quickly restore the old social order. But Haiti had gone through 4 presidents the year before Papa Doc came into office and while he wasn't the best loved president, he was considered competent (having previous served as Minister of Health) and he was bringing order and stability to the country. So the coup attempters.. There's got to be a better way of saying that, were all killed and their bodies dragged through the streets of Port au-Prince, as if each citizen was a little Achilles dragging Hector around the walls of Troy. Papa Doc, despite the multiple coup attempts, did reign as president for life. He was still President when he died in 1971 and was immediately replaced by his son Jean-Claude Duvalier, nicknamed Baby Doc. Baby Doc assumed the “presidency” at the age of 19, making him the youngest president in world history. Jean-Claude tried to reign back some of the harsher policies of his father, but was still deposed in a popular uprising in 1986 and forced to step down and flee the country. Haiti would then fall under the rule of its military for a brief time and then had a series of bad elections and even more coups. There was a coup in June of 1988, another in September of 1988, and a third one in September of 1991. The US would send troops in under Operation Uphold Democracy to try and bring some stability to Haiti. Though, as is always the case when the US tries to bring free market reforms and “democracy” to a country they did a shitty job of it. Jean-Bertrand Aristide, who had been elected president in 1990 and had been deposed in the 1991 coup returned to finish out his term, lost in 1995, but was reelected again in the year 2000. He would then be deposed AGAIN in 2004 in another coup d'etat. One of Aristide's worst decisions while in office was when he outlawed pro-Duvalier militias like the Macoute, but he also ordered the disbandment of the Haitian Army. So the Army disbanded, but never disarmed and just would up forming or joining various militia groups. From 1994 to 2004, a de facto anti-Arisitide insurgency took place in Port-au-Prince, as ex-soldiers attacked the government. In response to the chaos, youth set up self-defense groups, called chimères, which were supported by the police and the government to shore up its position. Receiving de facto state support from Aristide's Fanmi Lavalas party, the youth gangs took control of entire communes and became increasingly independent-minded. U.S. diplomat Daniel Lewis Foote argued, "Aristide started [the gangs] on purpose in the early 1980s, as a voice, as a way to get some power [for ordinary Hatians], [...] and they morphed over the years." Now, the precise nature of the events of the 2004 coup are disputed; some, including Aristide and his bodyguard, Franz Gabriel, stated that he was the victim of a "new coup d'état or modern kidnapping" by U.S. forces. These charges were denied by the US government. As political violence and crime continued to grow, a United Nations Stabilisation Mission (MINUSTAH) was brought in to maintain order. However, MINUSTAH proved controversial, since their periodically heavy-handed approach to maintaining law and order and several instances of abuses, including the alleged sexual abuse of civilians, provoked resentment and distrust among ordinary Haitians. So now Haiti has no standing army, armed militias and gangs fighting on and off in the streets, an UN peacekeeping mission sexually abusing civilians and they're about to be hit with a Magnitude 7 earthquake. On 12 January 2010, at 4:53 pm local time, Haiti was struck by a magnitude-7.0 earthquake. This was the country's most severe earthquake in over 200 years. The earthquake was reported to have left between 160,000 and 300,000 people dead and up to 1.6 million homeless, making it one of the deadliest natural disasters ever recorded. It is also one of the deadliest earthquakes ever recorded. The situation was exacerbated by a subsequent massive cholera outbreak that was triggered when cholera-infected waste from a United Nations peacekeeping station contaminated the country's main river, the Artibonite. In 2017, it was reported that roughly 10,000 Haitians had died and nearly a million had been made ill. After years of denial, the United Nations apologized in 2016, but as of 2017, they have refused to acknowledge fault, thus avoiding financial responsibility. And now, we're at the Haitian Gang War. The Vox journalist Ellen Ioanes summarized the beginnings of the situation quite well: "Haiti has faced serious and compounding crises, including a devastating 2010 earthquake, floods, cholera outbreaks, hurricanes, and corrupt, dictatorial, and incompetent leaders". Gangs stepped into the power vacuum, seizing political power through co-operative politicians and economic control through protection rackets, kidnappings and murders. As of 2022 researchers form the NGO Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime have estimated that there are some 200 gangs in Haiti and that most of them are set up somewhere in Port au-Prince. Sexual violence from members of these gangs is a common crime being committed nearly daily against people from rival gang territories. Rape only became a crime in Haiti in 2005 and abortion is still illegal, so rape victims are legally required to keep those children. Though as we know, making abortion illegal doesn't stop abortions, it just stops safe ones. One of the most powerful gangs in Haiti at this time is, technically, an alliance of gangs, called the G9 alliance is lead by a former police officer named Jimmy Chérizier, nicknamed Barbecue. G9 is based in the capital's communes of Delmas, Pétion-Ville and parts of Carrefour. The G9 alliance includes many former soldiers and policemen in its ranks and was long connected to the PHTK party (which is a Center-Right political party) until distancing itself after Ariel Henry became president. The G9 now portrays itself as a revolutionary organization, and has begun to create a nation-wide alliance network dubbed "G20". Since the coalition was founded, it has been responsible for multiple massacres against civilians and clashes with other rival gangs. From 2020 to 2021, the G9 was responsible for a dozen massacres, in which at least 200 people were killed. The G9 was believed to have had close ties to the government of Moïse, which was accused of large-scale corruption. The coalition members frequently evaded prosecution after the massacres and the clashes. Chérizier stood out in that regard because despite the arrest warrants against him, he continued to move freely and to maintain an active presence on social media with no effective attempts by Haitian government forces to arrest him. The G9 also began attacking neighborhoods in which civilians protested against the president and started clashes against rival gangs with the support of the police. Now, in 2021 Jovenel Moïse, the 43rd president of Haiti was assassinated and then Ariel Henry (who some suspect to be involved in the assassination) served as acting Prime Minister of the country until he stepped down this past April. Henry's removal from power was long sought by the G9 gang alliance. Cherizier had this to say on the issue in March 2024 "If Ariel Henry doesn't resign, if the international community continues to support him, we'll be heading straight for a civil war that will lead to genocide" "Either Haiti becomes a paradise or a hell for all of us. It's out of the question for a small group of rich people living in big hotels to decide the fate of people living in working-class neighborhoods," he added. Now, while there are over 200 gangs in Haiti at the moment most of them have allied themselves with the G9 alliance, or with the gang alliance that popped up to oppose the G9, known as G-Pep. But also, as of late 2022 an anti-gang bwa kale vigilante movement emerged to attack and kill any gang members. The vigilantes often burned captured gang members alive. Of course, the gangs responded with counter attacks against both the vigilantes and anyone who expressed support of the vigilanties. By mid-2023, the gang war between G9 and G-Pep continued unabated, and the resistance by anti-gang vigilantes also grew in scope. Thousands of people were displaced by the clashes. The severity of the ongoing gang war in Haiti has led to the United Nations Security Council authorizing a one-year deployment of an international force led by Kenya to help the Haitian government deal with the crisis. Chérizier declared that G9 would resist if an international intervention force committed "human rights abuses" and claimed that it would "be a fight of the Haitian people to save the dignity of our country." Despite the horrors he is committing against his own people Cherizier really and truly believes that he is fighting on behalf of a free Haiti. There isn't a genocide in Haiti, as of yet, but there is a massive civil war between militias and gangs with human rights abuses on all sides of this conflict. On 18 June 2024, the International Organization for Migration reported that more than 580,000 people have been displaced by the increased violence in Haiti since March of 2024. The report also warned that since most of the people displaced have been from communities already struggling with poor social conditions, there may be more tension and violence in the coming days. An international policing force, known as Multinational Security Support Mission in Haiti was authorized under UN Resolution 2699 on October 2, 2023 to assist the Haitian National Police in stopping this gang war. Nations who will be taking place in this mission include Antigua and Barbuda, Bangladesh, Barbados, Benin, Chad, Guyana, Grenada, Saint Lucia, Dominica, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Jamaica, Kenya, Suriname, and the Bahamas. The first deployment of 400 troops from Kenya has officially put boots on the ground as of June 25, 2024. This ongoing gang war will not be resolved anytime soon and it can, and will, get worse before it gets better. Haiti has never had a chance to build a stable society or government. A long and ongoing history of foreign interference, ceaseless coups and natural disasters mean that Haiti has always been on the back foot. We also have to take into account Haiti's natural resources, because that's the only reason any imperial power would ever care about Haiti. According to WorldAtlas.com, recent findings suggest that Haiti might have some of the largest oil reserves in the world, potentially larger than those of Venezuela. The country is estimated to be sitting on about 159 billion cubic feet of natural gas and 142 million barrels of oil, with undiscovered reserves possibly holding up to 941 million barrels of crude oil and about 1.2 trillion cubic feet of natural gas. According the the State Department the US doesn't currently have plans to send troops to Haiti. I'm sure that will change. That's it for this week folks. No new reviews, so let's get right into the outro. Have a Day! w/ The History Wizard is brought to you by me, The History Wizard. If you want to see/hear more of me you can find me on Tiktok @thehistorywizard or on Instagram @the_history_wizard. Please remember to rate, review, and subscribe to Have a Day! On your pod catcher of choice. The more you do, the more people will be able to listen and learn along with you. Thank you for sticking around until the end and, as always, Have a Day, and Free Haiti.
Recomendados de la semana en iVoox.com Semana del 5 al 11 de julio del 2021
En esta ocasión nos vamos a centrar en Haití. El país más pobre de América y probablemente también el más inestable. Vamos a tratar de analizar la personalidad, la llegada al poder y el gobierno de François Duvalier. La familia Duvalier se hará con el control del país y aún hoy su recuerdo sigue siendo terrible para la población haitiana. La música ha sido creada, registrada y cedida por Sir Edward Madrid.
El representante Duvalier Sánchez propuso un proyecto para reducir los salarios de los congresistas en Colombia. A pesar de los argumentos a favor, el proyecto no logró los votos necesarios. "Fue falta de voluntad", dijo.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
Jean-Claude 'Baby Doc' Duvalier han ikke hvad han skal stille op, da han overtager magten i Haiti. Men det ved hans mor heldigvis. Sammen formår de at gøre Haiti til et endnu værre land at leve i end det var under Papa. Blandt andet beriger de sig selv ved at sælge den fattige befolknings blod(!) og afdøde kroppe(!) til USA. Men der er en orkan på vej - både konkret og i overført betydning. Manuskript: Oskar Bundgaard. Lydesign: Mikkel Rønnau. Fortæller: Emil Rothstein-Christensen. Soundtrack: Mikkel Bøgeskov Andersson & Mikkel Rønnau. Redaktører: Tobias Ingemann & Emil Rothstein-Christensen. DRredaktør: Anders Eriksen Stegger. Produceret for P3 af MonoMono. Kilder: Papa Doc: Haiti and its Dictator: Barnard Diederich & Al Burt. Papa Doc, Baby Doc: Haiti and the Duvaliers: James Ferguson. Francois & Jean-Claude Duvalier: Erin Condit. Haiti: A Shattered Nation: Elizabeth Abbott. Written in Blood: Robert Debs Heinl. Third-World Folk Beliefs: Haiti Medical Anthropology: Bryant C. Freeman. Dominican Republic & Haiti country studies: Helen Chapin Metz (red).
La pelea empezó con Carrillo diciéndole a los representantes Catherine Juvina oy Duvalier Sánchez, del Partido Verde, que cambiaron muy rápido de principios, que hicieron campaña con Petro y luego lo critican y les dijo que hasta deberían renunciar al Partido Verde.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.
Louis-Philippe Dalembert a reçu mardi 14 mai 2024 le prix Goncourt de la poésie pour l'ensemble de son œuvre. L'écrivain haïtien est l'auteur d'une dizaine de recueils de poèmes, en plus du roman « Milwaukee Blues », qui faisait partie des quatre finalistes du prix Goncourt 2021. Edmond Sadaka a joint le nouveau Goncourt de la poésie, peu après l'annonce de son prix. Louis-Philippe Dalembert dit recevoir ce prix avec beaucoup de joie, se disant « très heureux pour Haïti, qui est une terre de poètes – quelqu'un comme Anthony Phelps, par exemple, aurait mérité (ce prix), ou encore René Depestre, ou tant d'autres - Haïti qui en plus aujourd'hui traverse des moments très, très difficiles ».Louis-Philippe Dalembert, dans certains de ses romans, se replonge dans son enfance à Port-au-Prince. Malgré la dictature – « mon grand-père paternel a fait un tour dans les prisons de Duvalier », il s'en rappelle « avec beaucoup d'émotion et de bonheur ». L'errance, le nomadisme, l'exil sont les grands thèmes de son œuvre : « c'est lié à mon identité de Caribéen, une terre de gens venus d'ailleurs – les autochtones ont été décimés par les Européens, et par les maladies que les Européens sont apportées, par les travaux forcés… C'est donc une terre de gens d'Afrique, d'Europe, du Moyen-Orient entre autres. » À cela, s'ajoutent les difficultés politiques et économiques connues ensuite par le pays, qui ont poussé les gens à émigrer aux États-Unis et au Canada. Louis-Philippe Dalembert parle aussi de la vue qu'il voyait, enfant, de sa maison, sur une colline dans un quartier populaire de Port-au-Prince : « je voyais la mer au loin, et je voyais les bateaux qui rentraient et sortaient du port » : une idée d'errance, de vagabondage qui a marqué le poète, et qui est restée ancrée dans sa mémoire.Le Conseil présidentiel de transition, « présidence tournante ou présidence-tourmente ? »Toujours en Haïti, Gotson Pierre, le directeur de l'agence Alter Presse, revient sur les polémiques entourant le Conseil présidentiel de transition et son fonctionnement, entre réactions outrées sur « ce qui tiendrait selon certains plus de l'intérêt individuel que de l'intérêt collectif », et sentiment de soulagement devant « la manifestation supposée d'un dépassement de soi, et ne plus perdre de temps pour s'attaquer aux vrais problèmes ». Avec une question : « la présidence tournante contribuera-t-elle à empêcher la captation de l'État par des intérêts privés, ce qui est, entre autres, en toile de fond de la crise actuelle ».À lire aussi dans Alter Presse, la réaction du Conseil présidentiel de transition aux récentes violences des gangs notamment à Gressier. Il ne laisse qu'une option aux bandits : déposer les armes et se rendre à la justice. « Le Conseil tente d'assurer que dans un temps proche les bandits cesseront de faire la loi », rapporte Gotson Pierre, « et annonce la mise en place bientôt d'un Conseil national de sécurité ». Michael Cohen vs Donald TrumpAux États-Unis, la presse s'intéresse au témoignage de Michael Cohen, l'ancien avocat de Donald Trump. L'ancien président est accusé d'avoir acheté 130 000 dollars le silence de l'ancienne star du X Stormy Daniels avec qui il aurait eu une relation sexuelle. Le Washington Post souligne l'importance de ce procès à New York : ce pourrait être le seul des quatre dossiers criminels le visant à déboucher sur un procès avant la présidentielle de novembre.Politico note que le Michael Cohen apparu ce lundi (13 mai 2024) à la barre n'est pas celui auquel les gens s'attendaient : il était « inhabituellement calme », note le site d'information en ligne. Très différent de « l'homme de main volcanique, connu pour avoir malmené les ennemis de Donald Trump » ou du « héros de la résistance qu'il est devenu après avoir rompu avec son ancien patron, proférant contre lui les insultes qu'il réservait à ses ennemis ». Or, pour que Donald Trump soit condamné, il faut que « les douze jurés croient Cohen, et Cohen seul, sur ce qu'il s'est passé ». Car, note le Washington Post, il pourrait être « le seul témoin à pouvoir prétendre avoir une connaissance directe du fait que Donald Trump a tenté de dissimuler la nature de ce paiement de 13 000 dollars ». D'où cette réinvention de Michael Cohen par lui-même ce lundi : « modeste, exempt de passions, à l'humeur mesurée », écrit Politico. Au Pérou, les transgenres classés dans la catégorie des malades mentauxAu Pérou, vendredi dernier (10 mai 2024), le gouvernement de Dina Boluarte a classé les personnes transgenres dans la catégorie des malades mentaux : une décision qui a « suscité la controverse », écrit Peru 21. Le ministère de la Santé se défend en expliquant que l'objectif est de leur donner un traitement psychologique gratuit en les intégrant au Plan d'assurance maladie essentiel. De fait, explique Tristan, transsexuel interrogé par le quotidien, « la population transgenre n'a pas accès au service de santé car elle a un problème avec l'enregistrement de son identité ; en théorie c'est une forme de ‘bonne intention' de lui donner cet accès ». Le problème, c'est que pour cela le ministère de la Santé s'est basé sur la Classification statistique internationale des maladies, en vigueur au pays, alors que l'OMS l'a remplacée il y a deux ans par une nouvelle classification qui supprime la transsexualité de la catégorie des troubles mentaux. La communauté LGBTIQ+ s'oppose donc à la décision prise par le gouvernement, et dit, explique Tristan: « comment voulez-vous que je m'adresse au service de santé s'ils me disent que je suis malade parce que je suis trans ? ». La communauté craint aussi, écrit le quotidien, « que les redoutables thérapies de reconversion, pratiques condamnables, soient appliquées dans les établissements de santé. » Retour des incendies au CanadaL'Ouest canadien est déjà en proie aux flammes. Plus d'une dizaine de brasiers inquiètent les autorités au nord-est de la Colombie-Britannique, la ville de Fort Nelson est directement menacée par un incendie de forêt, qui se trouve à moins de deux kilomètres de la ville. 3 500 personnes ont dû être évacuées, explique la correspondante de RFI à Montréal, Justine Cohendet. Et près de 700 personnes ont aussi reçu l'ordre de quitter leur domicile dans le nord-est du Manitoba, à la frontière avec la Saskatchewan, où au moins 35 000 hectares de forêt ont été détruits par un brasier. L'an dernier, (2023) le Canada avait perdu près de 9 millions d'hectares de forêt, un record. Passion cuivreLe Wall Street Journal explique « pourquoi le monde s'est pris de passion pour le cuivre ». « Après que l'un des principaux producteurs de cuivre au monde a récemment connu des difficultés financières », écrit le quotidien économique, « l'administration Biden a commencé à discuter avec des investisseurs potentiels en vue d'une prise de participation dans les mines zambiennes de l'entreprise, d'une valeur pouvant atteindre 3 milliards de dollars ». Des entreprises des Émirats arabes unis, du Japon et de l'Arabie saoudite – des pays vus comme favorables aux intérêts américains – se sont dites intéressées. Objectif : empêcher la Chine d'en prendre le contrôle. Le cuivre, rappelle le Wall Street Journal, est un composant-clé des voitures électriques, et des data centers, les centres de données qui alimentent « la révolution de l'intelligence artificielle ». Le journal de la 1èreEn Martinique, le président de la Collectivité Territoriale plaide lui aussi pour la mise en place d'une « Autorité unique de l'eau ».
We're joined today by the esteemed Dr. Greg Beckett, a cultural anthropologist with deep insights into Haitian studies. In today's conversation, we will unpack the complexities outlined in Michel-Rolph Trouillot's pivotal book “Haiti: State Against Nation. The Origins and Legacy of Duvalierism” and connect its themes to the ongoing political turmoil in Haiti. Dr. Beckett will guide us through the importance of anthropology's tools—deep listening, relationship building, and grasping local languages and cultures—to authentically interpret terms like "blackout" in the Haitian context. Dr. Beckett brings us a distilled essence of Michel-Rolph Trouillot book with just five words: "the state, history, crisis, dictatorship, and nation." He then navigates us through Trouillot's Marxist analysis of the Haitian state, revealing how power dynamics and historical legacies have paved the way for enduring crises and the shadow of the Duvalier dictatorship. As we translate theories across languages and audiences, we'll see how the French and English versions of Trouillot's work diverge, each speaking to different readers with varying political contexts. At the heart of this episode is the intersection of culture, power, and history, and how they have shaped the Haitian nation and identity. Join us as we explore the critical role of the Haitian elite, the cultural translation of Marxist critique, and the three pivotal conditions that solidify Duvalierism's hold on Haiti. This is a journey to uncover the roots of Haiti's challenges and the intricate web of social, economic, and cultural elements that support them. Stay with us for this enlightening session on the enduring effects of totalitarianism and the fight for democracy in Haiti. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/negmawonpodcast/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/negmawonpodcast/support
Haiti is collapsing under gang-fueled lawlessness. The central government has lost control of most of the capital, Port-au-Prince. The de facto prime minister Ariel Henry has agreed to resign under pressure. Ordinary citizens are being kidnapped by gangs and held for ransom. They have been gunned down in wild shootouts, and are desperate for basic necessities. Caribbean neighbors have agreed to create a transitional council to fill the power vacuum, but it faces internal opposition from rival factions within Haiti. In this episode, Keith Mines of the U.S. Institute of Peace discusses the sources of anarchy in a country that once appeared headed for a brighter future after the Duvalier dictatorship more than 30 years ago.
durée : 00:01:52 - Les 80'' - par : Nicolas Demorand - Le roman se déroule en Haïti, dans les années 1970 et le milieu des années 1980. Le trait d'union ? La famille Duvalier, François, surnommé « Papa Doc », dictateur sanguinaire, et son fils Jean-Claude, « Bébé Doc », président à vie du pays à la mort de son père.
This voodoo-loving, Port au Prince of Darkness terrorized Haiti with a reign of terror that would make Satan blush. He and his creepy police squad silenced those who didn't comply with jail, torture, and/or murder. To make this voodoo heavy episode even creepier, Jake pulls a friggin tooth out midway through the show. If you like Lil Stinkers and want to support us, you can do so by going to Patreon.com/lilstinkers. For either $4/month or $40/year, you get every episode early, ad-free episodes Patreon exclusive episodes, Mini Stinkers episodes, live AMAs, live episodes, road trip vlogs, live book club meetings and all the other weirdo nonsense that we engage in. Thank you for making this fun. We appreciate you guys. Follow us on Twitter and Instagram: Jon Delcollo: @jonnydelco Jake Mattera: @jakemattera Mike Rainey: @mikerainey82 Go to UseJoyMode.com and use code BUCKBUCK for 20% off and free shipping on your order.
Bonjou, and welcome to another riveting episode of the Nèg Mawon Podcast, where we dive deep into the heart of Haitian politics, society, and the continuous struggles that shape our nation. I'm your host, Patrick Jean-Baptiste, and today, you're tuning in to the new series for 2024, 'Yon Zouti Koupe-Ep.#71.' In this episode, we're grappling with the intense and complex currents ripping through our beloved Haiti. The youth, the beating heart of our country, are rallying behind a figure of change—a mysterious entity known as Guy Phillipe, yet many don't quite grasp the full breadth of his historical roots or ultimate agenda. Amid rampant inflation, suffocating insecurity, and the scourge of gang violence leading to widespread displacement, a cry for revolution echoes again through the streets. However, Guy's plan and power base remain enigmatic, adding layers of uncertainty to an already volatile mix. The government stares down a formidable challenge not just from Guy's armed supporters, but a myriad of factions and unforeseen possibilities that loom on the horizon. And in an unusual twist, discussions of potential Kenyan intervention stir the pot further, but doubts loom over the viability and legality of such a mission, given the complexity of our country's gang situation. But at the heart of this lies a deeper issue—the achingly pervasive poverty and limited rungs of social mobility that fuel gang affiliations. To truly combat this, we must address the socioeconomic roots and offer our youth alternative pathways, while at the same time using trusted force of arms to eliminate the pervasive presence of the gangs. Joining me today to peel back the layers of this multifaceted crisis is Haiti's greatest political scientist, Dr. Robert Fatton, who'll share his insights into the dire state of our national police force, the evolving autonomy of Haitian gangs, and the economic paralysis gripping our society. We'll also explore the duality of nostalgia for past dictatorships against the backdrop of the ongoing violence and the persistent dream of economic stability. So stay tuned as we confront these pressing issues and more—right here on Nèg Mawon Podcast. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/negmawonpodcast/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/negmawonpodcast/support
Manifestantes paralizaron este 5 de febrero las principales ciudades de Haití, enfrentándose a la policía, para exigir la renuncia del primer ministro Ariel Henry. Se agota la confianza para el primer ministro interino de Haití, Ariel Henry. Al sufrimiento de la población, que sigue sumida en una ola intensa de violencia e inseguridad, se suma ahora el desapego y el escepticismo de los pocos actores políticos que habían apoyado a Henry hasta la fecha.“Expresión del rechazo de la población”Por ello, la sociedad civil del país convocó movilizaciones antigubernamentales que se iniciaron el domingo y que tienen previsto finalizar el 7 de febrero, fecha que conmemora la caída de la dictadura impuesta por el clan Duvalier, y día en el que Ariel Henry tenía previsto finalizar su mandato.“Hay mucha incertidumbre porque anunciaron manifestaciones, movilizaciones, huelga… Es un poco la expresión del cansancio y de la indignación de la población: después de 30 meses de un gobierno provisional totalmente ilegal e ilegítimo, las condiciones de vida son pésimas desde el punto de vista económico, social, y la inseguridad ha empeorado. Así que es un poco la expresión del rechazo de la población a esta forma de gobierno y la forma de dominación del imperialismo norteamericano”, explica a RFI Camille Chalmers, profesor de Economía y de Ciencias Políticas en la Universidad de Puerto Príncipe.“Juego bastante confuso”Las actuales protestas en Haití han generado una cierta confusión entre la población, ya que entre los impulsores de estas movilizaciones destacan el ex policía y ahora líder paramilitar Guy Philippe, a su vez uno de los impulsores del golpe de Estado de 2004, y el exsenador Jean-Charles Moïse, el mayor líder de la oposición.“Guy Philippe fue encarcelado en Estados Unidos. Sé que reconoció sus actividades de narcotraficante y que regresó al país con un discurso muy sorprendente, aprovechando un poco el cansancio de la población para decir que quiere hacer una revolución. Discurso bastante sorprendente que no tiene nada que ver con su pasado. Jean-Charles Moïse había tenido un peso político importante, pero fue un poco desacreditado por la confusión en su alianza con un ala de la extrema derecha. Así que no tiene el mismo peso político que tenía hace como cuatro o cinco años”, comenta Chalmers.El profesor subraya que hay “una confusión enorme en la coyuntura política”, debida a que “los métodos y la visión política de Philippe no tienen mucha diferencia con el accionar de las bandas, e incluso alguna gente prevé una cierta alianza entre las pandillas y Philippe. Así que es un juego bastante confuso”. “Y también hay la hipótesis que todo eso puede llevarnos a una nueva ocupación militar extranjera de Estados Unidos”, agrega.La situación de inseguridad que experimenta el país por la acción de grupos criminales ha provocado el éxodo de más de 300.000 personas dentro de su propio territorio. Entre tanto, el estancamiento del envío de la misión internacional aprobada por la ONU ha generado incertidumbre y desesperanza entre la población.
Manifestantes paralizaron este 5 de febrero las principales ciudades de Haití, enfrentándose a la policía, para exigir la renuncia del primer ministro Ariel Henry. Se agota la confianza para el primer ministro interino de Haití, Ariel Henry. Al sufrimiento de la población, que sigue sumida en una ola intensa de violencia e inseguridad, se suma ahora el desapego y el escepticismo de los pocos actores políticos que habían apoyado a Henry hasta la fecha.“Expresión del rechazo de la población”Por ello, la sociedad civil del país convocó movilizaciones antigubernamentales que se iniciaron el domingo y que tienen previsto finalizar el 7 de febrero, fecha que conmemora la caída de la dictadura impuesta por el clan Duvalier, y día en el que Ariel Henry tenía previsto finalizar su mandato.“Hay mucha incertidumbre porque anunciaron manifestaciones, movilizaciones, huelga… Es un poco la expresión del cansancio y de la indignación de la población: después de 30 meses de un gobierno provisional totalmente ilegal e ilegítimo, las condiciones de vida son pésimas desde el punto de vista económico, social, y la inseguridad ha empeorado. Así que es un poco la expresión del rechazo de la población a esta forma de gobierno y la forma de dominación del imperialismo norteamericano”, explica a RFI Camille Chalmers, profesor de Economía y de Ciencias Políticas en la Universidad de Puerto Príncipe.“Juego bastante confuso”Las actuales protestas en Haití han generado una cierta confusión entre la población, ya que entre los impulsores de estas movilizaciones destacan el ex policía y ahora líder paramilitar Guy Philippe, a su vez uno de los impulsores del golpe de Estado de 2004, y el exsenador Jean-Charles Moïse, el mayor líder de la oposición.“Guy Philippe fue encarcelado en Estados Unidos. Sé que reconoció sus actividades de narcotraficante y que regresó al país con un discurso muy sorprendente, aprovechando un poco el cansancio de la población para decir que quiere hacer una revolución. Discurso bastante sorprendente que no tiene nada que ver con su pasado. Jean-Charles Moïse había tenido un peso político importante, pero fue un poco desacreditado por la confusión en su alianza con un ala de la extrema derecha. Así que no tiene el mismo peso político que tenía hace como cuatro o cinco años”, comenta Chalmers.El profesor subraya que hay “una confusión enorme en la coyuntura política”, debida a que “los métodos y la visión política de Philippe no tienen mucha diferencia con el accionar de las bandas, e incluso alguna gente prevé una cierta alianza entre las pandillas y Philippe. Así que es un juego bastante confuso”. “Y también hay la hipótesis que todo eso puede llevarnos a una nueva ocupación militar extranjera de Estados Unidos”, agrega.La situación de inseguridad que experimenta el país por la acción de grupos criminales ha provocado el éxodo de más de 300.000 personas dentro de su propio territorio. Entre tanto, el estancamiento del envío de la misión internacional aprobada por la ONU ha generado incertidumbre y desesperanza entre la población.
On this episode of the world famous Sofa King Podcast, we explore one of the worst regimes in the West: the dictatorship of Papa Doc Duvalier. François Duvalier came to be the sadistic president for life of the island of Haiti, running the island through a regime of terror, voodoo, and secret police for 14 years. He had a murder squad called the Tontons Macoutes, named after a Haitian boogey man who would eat children for breakfast. He killed tens of thousands of Haitians during his dark reign, claimed to have killed President Kennedy through voodoo, once had every black dog in the country killed, and kept the head of an enemy on ice in a special closet, so he could talk to it. If you like them bloody and crazy, it doesn't get much better than Papa Doc. Visit Our Sources: https://www.nytimes.com/1971/04/23/archives/papa-doc-a-ruthless-dictator-kept-the-haitians-in-illiteracy-and.html https://www.historyanswers.co.uk/people-politics/papa-doc-duvalier-the-voodoo-president-who-killed-kennedy/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Duvalier https://www.doctorsecrets.com/papa-doc-duvalier-haiti-s-voodoo-doctor https://medium.com/lessons-from-history/papa-doc-the-voodoo-tyrant-of-haiti-654a41a68474 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_occupation_of_Haiti
Joining us to delve into the details on Haiti and so much more, our guest this week is Dr Jemima Pierre, professor at the Institute for the Study of Gender, race, sexuality and Social Justice at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada. You can find me and the show on social media by searching the handle @DrWilmerLeon on X (Twitter), Instagram, and YouTube. Our Facebook page is www.facebook.com/Drwilmerleonctd All our episodes can be found at CTDpodcast.com. TRANSCRIPT: Speaker 1 (00:40): Connecting the dots with Dr. Wilmer Leon, where the analysis of politics, culture, and history converge. Dr Wilmer Leon (00:48): Welcome to the Connecting the Dots podcast with Dr. Wilmer Leon. I'm Wilmer Leon. Here's the point. We have a tendency to view current events as though they occur in a vacuum, failing to understand the broader historical context in which most events take place. During each episode of this podcast, my guests and I will have probing, provocative, and in-depth discussions that connect the dots between current events and the broader historical context in which the events occur. This will enable you to better understand and analyze the events that are impacting the global village in which we live on today's episode. The question before us is why is the United States working to reinve and colonize Haiti? My guest is a professor at the Institute for the Study of Gender, race, sexuality and Social Justice at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada. She's a member of the Black Alliance for Peace and an editor of the Black Agenda Review segment of the Black Agenda Report. And she's the author of a very, very substantive piece, Haiti as Empire's Laboratory, Dr. Jamima Pierre. Dr. Pierre, welcome to the show and let's connect some dots. Dr Jemima Pierre (02:12): Thank you so much for having me. It's a pleasure to be here. Dr Wilmer Leon (02:15): You write in your piece that the Global Fragility Act presents new strategies for deploying us hard and soft power in a changing world. It focuses US foreign policy on the idea that there are so-called fragile states, countries prone to instability, extremism, conflict, and extreme poverty, which are presumably threats to US security. Explain first, what is the Global Fragility Act and why should Americans, not to mention its victims, be so concerned about it? Dr Jemima Pierre (02:52): Yes, so the Global Fragilities Act was actually presented in 2019, I think under Donald Trump, and then was ratified under the Biden administration. And it really is a way to be brand new as foreign policy. And I don't know if your listeners know about the Monroe Doctrine, which the US passed about a hundred years ago, which basically said that the US had access that no one can encroach in US' influence in the Western Hemisphere. And through the Monroe Doctrine, the US was able to assert its influence, occupy invade nations whenever it deemed necessary, and got away with it for a hundred years. And so the upheaval that we've seen throughout Latin America, the regime changes, the support for support for military dictatorships and so on and so forth has occurred through the Monroe Doctrine. But the Global Fragility Act was really brought by the conservative think tank, the US Peace Institute, which is actually misnamed as far as I'm concerned. (04:10) But it was really a way to look at US foreign policy in a different light or to rebrand it. And what I mean by rebrand is that to basically come together to make it seem like the US was not doing what it was doing, and it was basically bringing together the work of the Department of Defense, the Department of the State, and the U-S-A-I-D. So linking together aid defense as well as political state department moves. And the idea was basically an opportunity to change the way that the US did business to using local partners by not necessarily doing the dirty work of putting boots on the ground if it needed to invade a place. But it was really trying to figure out how to actually change the internal politics of a place to really prevent adversary. And they say in the ACT adversaries such as China and Russia from expanding their influence in this way, they use civil society, they use military, and then they use, so-called diplomacy bringing together. (05:19) But what's key to this, they also use local regional partners such as other states, other formations such as the Caribbean community and so on and so forth to actually assert US power. And so what's interesting about the Global Fragilities Act is that it was passed by Trump, but ratified under Biden and then was implemented. And at first they said they were going to focus on a set of countries, which Haiti being the very first. So what it is, so it's Haiti first and then Libya, Mozambique, Papua New Guinea, along with they call the coastal countries of West Africa. What's fascinating about this order is that Haiti and Libya are the states, two of the states besides Iraq that are probably most destroyed by the US and its allies. And it is going under the guise that these people are, that these states are so fragile, they're a mess, they're full of corruption and so on and so forth without really talking about the underlying problem, which is these states are fragile because of us constant interventions and us creating instability in this state. So I'll stop there to just give as a short background, Dr Wilmer Leon (06:42): One of the things that popped in my mind when you said Haiti and then you said Libya, one of the common threads between the two are the Clintons, because if I remember my history correctly, it was then Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton that convinced then President Obama, then President Barack Obama to invade Libya and assassinate more Mark dfi. And we know that Hillary Clinton, again, was very much involved in the destabilization, the most recent destabilization of Haiti. Dr Jemima Pierre (07:21): Oh, definitely. Well, the Clintons, they've got dirt all over them. I mean, when it comes to Haiti, the Clintons, I have a piece that I wrote a long time ago, about 11 years ago. I say the Clintons are omnipotent, omni, the present, they're everywhere. And so we have to think about what Bill Clinton did by killing Haiti's rice production facility by dumping the rise of his Arkansas farmers into Haiti and destroying Haiti's rise economy. So we have to think about what he did when he was president, but they've been dealing with Haiti for a long time. And we have to think also about after the earthquake where Obama put Clinton and Georgia re bush in charge of Haiti eight. And the people that benefited the most from the earthquake that killed 300,000 Haitians was the Clinton Foundation, which raised tons of money. And Haiti saw nothing except for these fancy hotels that they're making profits off. (08:17) So there's that. But what's most important is in 2011 during the So-called Arab Spring, Hillary Clinton flew to Haiti and changed the election results that actually put in power, the current political, so-called political party that's there now, Michelle Marli, who actually was just named in the UN report as one of the biggest funders for gangs in Haiti, who's also the president, the former president, right? And so they forced Haiti to have elections, right, eight months after an earthquake that destabilized the whole country where about a million people were still living in tents outside, but they forced these elections because this is how they could control Haiti. And when their favorite candidate, Martin Lee did not make the first round, they decided that they're going to force that. So Hillary Clinton flew into Haiti and threatened the sitting president would exile if he did not allow the change to the ballots to make this guy who did not make the first round president. And everything has been bad since then. Dr Wilmer Leon (09:24): You mentioned Bill Clinton decimating the domestic Haitian rice production in his book, the Choice Sam yet talks about the tie of rice to the start of the Vietnam War and how many people don't discuss one of the major motivating factors for the United States to go into Indo-China had to do with protecting American rice interest because they didn't want Asian rice flooding the market. And then that also made me think about nafta. And what NAFTA did to the domestic corn production in Mexico decimated the production of Mexican corn, which then decimated the livelihoods for Mexican farmers, which has contributed to immigration of Mexicans into the United States. So again, the show is called Connecting the Dots. And so any thoughts on that? Dr Jemima Pierre (10:25): Well, definitely I think, I don't even remember where I saw that recently that rice farmers, is it Rice? Rice producers were looking forward to having access back again to Haiti's market once this military invasion happened. And so there's a lot of things to think about under Reagan. Haiti, the Haitian government was forced to kill its local pigs, the black pigs, I don't know if people have heard about this, but you can look up Haiti black pigs. Black pigs are indigenous to that region. And Haiti was told that the pigs had some disease and they had to basically kill the entire population of black pigs on the island in order. And then they were replaced by the white pigs from the south of the US and pigs who are from the US not are not used to the climate in the Caribbean. So then they required very specific kinds of feeding food to eat. (11:30) And so those had to be imported. So that decimated the Haitian economy. So there's a way that you can see all these connected. The other thing is I don't think people always ask, well, you're making a big deal about Haiti. Haiti's not that important. Why would the US spend so much time and energy trying to destabilize Haiti? And then you realize then you have to ask these people, well, why is the fourth largest US embassy in the world in Haiti? If Haiti was not so important, why did the US feel that they have to do it? And why? Despite everything going on this week, despite the fact that you have the genocidal Zionist state killing thousands of Palestinians, they forced the UN to have a meeting about this intervention in Haiti over gangs, right? Supposedly over gangs. So that tells you there's something in there because Haiti actually becomes a big manufacturing hub for the us. And so I think a lot of us have been saying as the us, as the US moves towards a war with China, they will need a replacement of their manufacturing hubs. And Haiti already within 11 million strong population Haiti already provides is a space for a large manufacturing hub already. So as they lose Asia, they're going to rely more on Haiti. And so we have to think about that in terms of the economics of that as well as the politics, which we can get into later on as we speak more. Dr Wilmer Leon (13:01): You write in your piece in April of 22, the Biden Harris administration affirmed its commitment to the Global Fragilities Act by outlining a strategy for its implementation as detailed in the strategies prologue, the US government's new foreign policy approach depends on willing partners to address common challenges and share costs. Ultimately, the document continues. No US or international intervention will be successful without the buy-in and mutual ownership of trusted regional, national and local partners. And you touched on that in your open, but I think it's very important for people to really understand. That's really nice flowerly language, but it's not innocuous. That is a very nice way of saying that the United States is going to use organizations, indigenous organizations in order to promote American interests. Dr Jemima Pierre (14:15): Oh, definitely. Not just indigenous organizations, local states. I mean the recent upcoming invasion, military invasion of Haiti supposedly over gangs is actually being led supposedly by Kenya. And so all of a sudden you're asking yourself, Kenya's, all the way across the world on the east side of the African continent, what does Kenya have to do with Haiti? Well, before Kenya, the US tried to use Racom, which is a community of Caribbean states and nations. And that didn't work as well before them. They tried to get clac, which is the central and Latin American communities to lead in the invasion. Before them, they tried to get Brazil. So before them, they tried to get Canada to lead the invasion. And before that they tried to get Brazil to lead the invasion. The thing is to not have boots on the ground, as we've seen in the US in Ukraine, for example. (15:14) The point is to use other, so-called stakeholders, get other people to do the dirty work of US intervention and foreign policy and to get buy-in. And the reason I say Haiti's a laboratory, this is not the first time this is happening. And in the piece I outlined the Canada, France and US back Kuta that happened in Haiti in 2004, where the US and France, who our membership in the security council, they were behind the Kuta in 2004, immediately after the US Marines landed, took our president, put him on a plane and flew him to Africa. You had French Canadian and US soldiers there, but these two UN security council members were able to use their position to call an emergency security council meeting to push for a multinational. So-called stabilization force in Haiti. So to me, the UN is bankrupt with this security council in this particular sense. (16:23) So these people were able to use that, and then they convinced the UN that Haiti needed a chapter seven deployment. And chapter seven deployment is only for countries that are at war with other, there's a civil war. There was no civil war in Haiti, but they managed to convince the un. So then what they ended up doing was sending, getting a un, so-called peacekeeping mission to Haiti in a country that was not at civil war. But what it meant that was that you can have up to 50 to 60 nations participate in an occupation of Haiti. And that's what ended up happening. Brazil led that meeting and you had people from all over the world, police and military from all over the world occupying Haiti on behalf of the US under the guise of providing civility. That group stayed there from 2004 to 2017 when they drew down and brought back a smaller force. (17:15) But so Haiti is still under un occupation. And this is what this amazing law scholar, and I'm forgetting her name, I think it's China Mayville calls multilateralism as terror because the new, and this is what the Global Fragility Act, and that's why Haiti's always a laboratory is because you use Haiti. They tried it on Haiti and it worked. In fact, the WikiLeaks paper said the Minister peacekeeping mission in Haiti the cheapest was a foreign policy bonanza for the US because it was so cheap they can use the UN and then they can use all the local Latin America countries to do the dirty work. And so it's just really important to think about that and to think about how they're going to move forward from that on. And now the other thing to talk about aid is that they've already established a second phase of the Global Fragilities Act in the summer, and they're saying they're going fund, they're going to fund 260, so-called civil society NGOs on the ground in order to basically shape policy in Haiti as they leave for elections. So the plan is to actually take over the political structure of Haiti using the guise of civil society and Haitian solutions. Dr Wilmer Leon (18:32): So to that point, what this results in and what the Global Fragilities Act does is it takes the Department of State and it combines the Department of State and the Pentagon. And it's using, as you said in your piece, the hard power is the Pentagon. The soft power is the Department of State and under the pretext or pretense of bringing stability to the country, that enables the United States to go in with the military and engage in regime change and engage in control of the domestic space, but leaving out the fact that the reason the country is unstable in the first place is because of American policy in the country. Dr Jemima Pierre (19:34): Oh, definitely. And that's one of the key things we have to remember is this 2004 coup deta is a coup deta where Canada Friends and the US got together in Ottawa and Canada in 2003 and decided they needed to get rid of our elected democratically elected president. And then they follow through with this coup deta. And then it was given a go ahead by the UN because they run the security council and the other states on the permanent council also need to be held accountable because they sat quietly and let the US and France run this right the same way they did with Libya allowing a no fly zone of Libya. And so Haiti has been under occupation since 2004. And so at the beginning of the coup DTA in 2004, Haiti had about 7,000 elected officials. As of today, Haiti has zero elected officials, the US and the UN through the core group, which is a group of unelected non Haitian officials from the European Union, the organization of American states that meet that. (20:40) So-called court that meet to make plans for Haiti. They're the ones that have been running Haiti since 2004. So if there's a problem in Haiti, if there hasn't been any elections where we have no regional elections, no local elections, no presidential elections, it's because they have allowed that if there are guns in the country, because Haiti does not manufacture guns, it's because, and the guns are coming from the us, it's because they control what comes in and out of Haiti. They know who it is. In fact, the UN put out a report just last week stating explicitly that the former president that Hillary Clinton installed actually was funding two major gangs in Haiti to go after his enemies and to wreak havoc in the neighborhoods. And so all this tells me that everything that's happened in the last 19 years has been why Haiti is under occupation. And what they want to do is wreak havoc. And I don't know if people know this, the US has been trying to get an intervention force in Haiti for two years since the assassination of the president. And I have to say, as an aside, the Dr Wilmer Leon (21:46): Assassination was that Ju Moiz the Dr Jemima Pierre (21:47): Assassination, Jon Moiz, right? I have to put that an aside, that assassination happened about a month after Moiz came back from Russia trying to establish relationships with Russia. And I have to, this is an important piece that I think matters. And that was the first time Haiti was trying to establish relations with Russia. So part of that is because Haitians were protesting against intervention from the very beginning. They were always in the streets. And people forget that Haitians have been protesting against us, meddling for the longest times from 2018 19, in 2020, there were millions of Haitians on the street protesting to get rid of this public government that the US had installed and so on. People were protesting over and over again, and the US could not get this passed. And I don't know if you realize it. And then so all of a sudden, this gang problem emerges and it seems out of hand because the amount of guns entering the country the past two years has been unprecedented. And they're dumping guns and ammunition into the country. The guns are coming directly from Haiti. So they're fomenting this idea that there's this gun Dr Wilmer Leon (22:58): Coming directly to Haiti, Dr Jemima Pierre (22:59): To Haiti through the ports that are owned by the elite, the ports that are owned by the elite, the Haitian oligarchy that a couple of 'em have been named in the UN report just last week, that they need to be sanctioned. The US hasn't sanctioned any of them. They have not followed through the embargo that the Chinese government said that they should put. So they basically created, exacerbated the gang problem. That's what I should say. They exacerbated the gang problem. So then every news media you see about Haiti the past year has been about gangs, not about the fact that Haitians were protesting the fact that this illegitimate government signed this deal with the IMF to remove fuel subsidies and made life extremely expensive for Haiti, or the fact that the people were protesting this prime minister that was installed by the US in the core group. And so we forget that people are protesting against US Empire protesting against a defacto government that they didn't elect, and now we're only focusing on gangs. And it's easy to do that because they can manufacture that consent because they can control everything that's going on Haiti. So then they create the basket case, and then they come in and they say, well, we have to fix this problem because they need help. Dr Wilmer Leon (24:10): What is the average daily income for a Haitian? Dr Jemima Pierre (24:15): Oh, I haven't checked that in a while, but it's under three us. I think it's under five US dollars per day. Dr Wilmer Leon (24:21): Okay. Okay. $5 a day under. (24:24) Well, let's just for simple math, $5 a day, seven days a week, $35 a week, okay. A Beretta 40 caliber handgun costs about $600, a heckler and cock, 40 caliber handgun. It's about $800. An AR 15 style rifle is about $1,200. How does a person making $35 a week and that's on the high side afford a $600 handgun, a $1,200 assault rifle, assault style rifle, unless they're being supplemented, supplemented in quotes by some external force. So I wanted to make that point so that people could understand when you say that they're being imported by the elite, that you're not just spewing a just random foolishness. There's a logic to this and talk about the gangs because we've been hearing about the gang problem, but it's not just simply not all gangs are gangs. How about that? Dr Jemima Pierre (25:54): Yes, definitely. Well, in addition to the guns, you have to think about ammunition. You can have a gun if you don't have ammunition, what can you do with it? Dr Wilmer Leon (26:03): Throw it at somebody. Dr Jemima Pierre (26:06): And so I have to say, so in the past three years, a number of high powered military grade guns in the country has gone up to almost a million. And so you're trying to figure out these, and then when you see the pictures, you see pictures of young men in flip-flops and mismatched shorts and rioty shirts, Dr Wilmer Leon (26:30): Raggedy t-shirts and shorts, Dr Jemima Pierre (26:31): Raggedy T-shirts where they dump us youth clothes in Haiti. That's what they're wearing, Dr Wilmer Leon (26:38): That a lot of that clothing is made in Haiti, right, Dr Jemima Pierre (26:44): Right. Am I right? Exactly. And then set back as charity right after people stopped wearing them. Right. But yeah, so you have to ask yourself and you're like, well, is this really what is this problem? It's not like militaries are fighting against people. It's not like there's a civil war in Haiti. It's like these young men who are being paid to wreak havoc. And because the unemployment is so high in Haiti, it's really easy to find some young men and give 'em some guns and make them think that they're doing something or you send them annual ammunition. And just recently the Haitian police stopped a van that was full of ammunition coming from the Dominican border into Haiti. So we have to think about that. And this is the other part is Haiti has had a problem paramilitary since the US occupied Haiti in the 1915, changed our constitution and set up the Haitian police when they left 19 years later, which became the bane of our existence, but also led to the coming to power of Papa Doc and his really horrible military force, paramilitary force, Tonto Maku. (27:57) So we've had this long history of us sponsored terror through police, and then what ends up happening is with the end of the Risid government through ata, you have a lot of former police, former military disbanded the military because he said the military was always the bane of Hades existence. So he abandoned the military, and a lot of them actually became part of these paramilitary troops that would come back and be paid by the CIA to try and overthrow him. And so what you talk about gangs is this ragtag the news media likes to show these pictures of burning tires, rack tack, guys holding AK 47, whatever they're holding as if Haiti is engulfed. And the reality is, a lot of this is in the Capitol city with these groups. Some of them are right near the US Embassy, so they know who they are. (28:51) But the other thing is you have the police, the former police who also have formed what we call paramilitary groups. You have the local elite who fund armed groups to do what they needed to do. So you have a combination of things, but to me, there's also racialized part of this because it's easy to say, well, Hades filled with gangs, and these black people look at them, look at the pictures, but look at this. There's a mass shooting in Maine with this guy holding a gun. They still can't find him. Many mass shootings in the US are with white guys holding guns, but you don't see the breathless report. Imagine if we report about US mass shooting the way they report about hate Dr Wilmer Leon (29:35): 537 mass shootings in the United States the 1st of January, 2023. And Dr Jemima Pierre (29:44): That's right. And we only have 360 days, 365 days in the year. The reality is in places like Jamaica, they've been under state of emergency because of gang violence. And so why is Haiti and you have to think there's something else going on. It can't be just about the gangs. The other thing is the biggest gangsters in Haiti, as I always say, is the us, the core group and the UN mission there, because how gangster can you get meet in a different country, France, Canada and the us, they meet and they decide they're going to remove an elected president, or how gangster can you get any more gangster than Hillary Clinton flying in and changing the election results of a supposedly sovereign country? So we have to redefine how we're thinking about this gang thing and really think about, well, who's funding these young men and who are the real gangsters of the world that can allow this to happen or that make this happen and then turn around and present themselves just because they're wearing suits, they present themselves as the real people that can bring solutions. Dr Wilmer Leon (30:52): The name of this podcast is connecting the dots. Who did the United States follow into Vietnam, France? Who is the United States following t, Niger, France? Who is the United States following into Haiti, France? Should we be connecting these dots? Dr. Pierre? Are these relevant dots to connect? Dr Jemima Pierre (31:20): I think on some level, I think for West Africa, it's very interesting in terms of seeing the fall of French influence and empire. And I think the US is coming in to clean up to make sure that West Africa doesn't fall in the hands of supposed Russia. And so as France wanes, they're jumping in to do that. And I think with Haiti, it was the same thing. It was like the US came in, especially in the early 19 hundreds and through its Monroe doctrine, was basically to get rid of the European presence. And because there were a group of Germans actually that were trying, that owned a lot of stuff in Haiti that were doing business in Haiti, and the US did not want to have anyone outside of themselves to control the political and economic situation in the region. And so that's exactly what's happening. The US took over from France way early in the early 19 hundreds, and it's been doing that, and then France then just turns around and becomes a junior partner and continues the work of the White West Elite. Dr Wilmer Leon (32:25): Well, and not to get too deep into the weeds, but wasn't the basic premise of the Monroe Doctrine. It was an agreement between the United States and Europe. The United States committed to staying out of the affairs of Europe if Europe agreed to stay out of the affairs of the Americas, leaving the Americas to the United States. Dr Jemima Pierre (32:48): Exactly. Exactly. Except that now the Global Fragility Act, the US is viewing Europe as junior partners, as intensifies its control of the region, Dr Wilmer Leon (33:03): Who was the face of US policy going into Haiti and ushering out Jean Beron aee. Was it Colin Powell? Was he the face? The story that I understand is he was the messenger that went in to Haiti and told President Risid, you got to go. There's a plane on the tarmac if you don't get on it. Dr Jemima Pierre (33:36): Yeah, it wasn't Colin Powell, it was the US Ambassador to Haiti. I forgot his name at the time that actually the Marines had, but it was Colin Powell that was with Georgia re bush threatening. And if you go back to the media, you'll see it's always a black face. I mean, there's always a black face to do that work, Dr Wilmer Leon (33:56): Right? That's the point I want. That's the dot. I want to connect because it's now Secretary of Defense, Lloyd Austin that went to Kenya with the bag of cash to establish what a five year defense agreement with Kenya in order to entice them. So another black face on American imperialism. I call that minstrel diplomacy. Your thoughts. Dr Jemima Pierre (34:27): Definitely. And that's the most disappointing part, is that this has been going on. It Dr Wilmer Leon (34:35): Doesn't always Wait, wait minute, wait a minute, wait a minute. And it was, when we want to talk about the Racom and the Global Fragilities Act, it was a, not Gregory Meeks, it was the minority leader in the house from New York, Dr Jemima Pierre (34:55): Hakeem Jeffries. Dr Wilmer Leon (34:56): Hakeem Jeffries, and it was Hakeem Jeffries. It was Vice President Kamala Harris, Dr Jemima Pierre (35:02): Kamala Harris Dr Wilmer Leon (35:03): That went to Caricom. And when you mentioned Global Fragilities Act, I think that was Co-sponsored by Karen Bass. Dr Jemima Pierre (35:13): Karen Bass, and I forgot the name of the other person. Yes. It was two black Dr Wilmer Leon (35:19): Faces on two Dr Jemima Pierre (35:20): Black faces of the Empire. And if Dr Wilmer Leon (35:22): We go to the un, Linda Thomas Greenfield, Dr Jemima Pierre (35:27): And the State Department representative for the region is Brian Nichols. And this is the most disturbing part to me is because it wasn't always this way. So for Frederick Douglas, the great abolitionist, Frederick Douglas was sent to Haiti as a US representative in the late 18 hundreds, wasn't he? Ambassador? Yes. To sent to Haiti, and they really went, they sent him to actually negotiate to get this Bay Molson Nicola, which they still want actually to basically set up a base there, a US military base there. The Haitians have always gone against that, which is why they ended up setting up the base in Guantanamo Bay. So if you look at the map, it's a perfect way place for, it's between Cuba and Haiti, and this bay is there. And so it is perfect for the US ships to go through, get through the Panama Canal, wherever they need to get through to get to the Pacific. (36:20) And so Frederick Douglass came back and advocated against that on behalf of Haitians. He felt a responsibility. And he also have the NAACP wrote writing on behalf of Haiti during the occupation from 1915 to 1934, saying that this is talking about how Citibank was behind the occupation and how badly the US is treating Haitians and so on and so forth. It wasn't always this way. Now you have Colin Powell, Condoleezza Rice, and then you have Barack Obama because it was under Barack Obama that this latest political party was put in power. This neo Deval political party was put into power. And so you have this, and then you have them sending Brian Nichols who's trying to, who's behind pushing this intervention. So meeting with all of these people, getting the Caribbean, getting these, I call neo-colonial coons, whatever you want to call them, the head of Jamaica, the head of Barbados, the head neo motley, right? (37:38) Who's the UN's darling? Because apparently the word on the street is that she's up for the UN Security Council secretary general job. And so she's doing whatever needs to be done to get there. So the US has managed to get all these black people. Now, Kenya, who knows nothing about Haiti get this, Kenya did not even have diplomatic relations to Haiti with Haiti until last month right before the un vote. So Kenya knows nothing about Haiti. They're talking about training their police to speak French when the majority of Haitian people don't speak French, they speak Creole, right? And so part of that is to think about how easy it is to use black people to use black faces to do empires bidding. And I actually think China and Russia had been pushing against this intervention for the past two years. And I think this last time, after two years of pushing back, they abstained. And I think part of the reason they abstained is because you had all these black countries pressuring them. And I think one of the things is I also think they're looking out for themselves and their relationship with these countries in Africa and the Caribbean. So they stepped back and allowed this intervention to go forward. But I think they stepped back because it was the onslaught of pressure from the black countries on Dr Wilmer Leon (38:56): Them. But why abstain? Why not vote no and kill the deal? Dr Jemima Pierre (39:03): Right? Because that's what I'm saying. I think they're looking out for their own best interests. I think they don't want to ruin their relationships with these black countries who are pushing. I think that's part of that, right? So they voted no all along and this time, so if you have Nia Motley, you have Ruto, you have all these people saying, this is Pan-Africanism. We're going to go help our brothers and sisters in Haiti by sending a military intervention. That's what Ruto is using. They're using the language of Pan-Africanism Racom is using the language of helping our brothers, even though Caricom has some of the most draconian anti Haiti immigration policies, deportation rules, but they're all using this language. And I do think that actually applied the pressure that the US got them to apply on China. Russia actually worked to get them to abstain. At least they didn't vote yes. But the abstention, I think, is a result of the pressure. Dr Wilmer Leon (39:55): You mentioned the training of Haitian police through these Kenyan interlocutors or these Kenyan invaders, and these Kenyan forces have been labeled as Kenyan police. But from what I've read, they're not Kenyan police. They're Kenyan paramilitary forces that have a reputation of being incredibly, incredibly brutal against their own countrymen. Dr Jemima Pierre (40:29): Yeah, definitely. And what's most distressing about this situation is that the only solution that these people think that they can have for Haiti and Haitian is a violent military. One is the one that has to do with force. They never tried. They never tried diplomacy. They never tried actually sanctioning these elites that they know run guns into the country. So yeah, the thousand police is not police. It's pe, military force, but also Kenya has a terrible reputation in Somalia in the proxy war there going in there and devastating Somalis. And so for me, just because they're black, in fact, if anything, I think these police officers will treat Haitians worse because they're black in a way that they wouldn't, can you imagine sending a Kenyan police force to Europe? Or why not send a Kenyan police force to Ukraine to help? And so part of that to me is it is telling, and I want to quickly just say Dr Wilmer Leon (41:36): Briefly, oh, well, the reason you won't send those black Kenyan forces to Ukraine is because the Nazis, the racist Nazis in Ukraine would chop off their heads. That's why. Dr Jemima Pierre (41:47): Well, definitely. But this idea that it's easier to watch one black group kill another. Oh, no, no, Dr Wilmer Leon (41:52): No. I truly understand the basis of the Dr Jemima Pierre (41:54): Question. No, I know. Dr Wilmer Leon (41:56): Go ahead. Dr Jemima Pierre (41:58): Yes, yes, we know. We know. It's really distressing to think about that because look at what's happening right now in the Occupy territories where you have Zionist state destroying killing. And right now, as we know, more than 7,000 people, 3000 children, and we have an internal, so-called gang problem, but we're getting a chapter seven military deployment to invade Haiti. But Zionist state Z, its entity can get away with killing how many people, and nobody's thinking about sending a military force to stop this bombing. So just think about that. No, the Dr Wilmer Leon (42:38): Military force that's being sent is facilitating the bombing Dr Jemima Pierre (42:41): Is to facilitate it. And so I want people to make those connections because you have to think, well, why isn't it absurd to send an armed military force to deal with gangs? So-called gangs in Haiti, but you're not doing it for Jamaica, which has been under state of emergency for two years over gangs. You're not doing it in the Middle East. And so we have to think about, well, this makes no sense. This idea of a military invasion of Haiti makes no sense in light what's going on in light of Ukraine and in light of what's going on in the occupied territories. Dr Wilmer Leon (43:13): You mentioned China a little bit earlier, and I always say to folks, when you engage in these type of conversations, it's usually a good idea to have a map in front of you so that you can understand the geopolitics. So we know that China has been establishing relationships with Nicaragua. We know that China is establishing relationships with Guatemala, and those are in Central America. And we know that there's been discussions about China building a canal to rival a Panama Canal through Nicaragua. And we know that the United States does not want that to happen. And we'd also know that the United States has been anxious to build a naval base in Haiti. So if you could connect those dots. Am I wrong to, again, the show is connecting the dots. Am I wrong to connect those dots? Dr Jemima Pierre (44:19): No, you're not wrong at all. The Global Fragilities Act specifically names China and Russia. So let's get that clear. And so one of the things is the waning power of the empire, right? Because they know that what their military used to be able to do, they can't do anymore. Look, they got beat by the Taliban 20 years later. How many trillions of dollars they destroyed Iraq, when was the last time the US won a war? I mean, let's be real, except maybe World War ii. And even that, Dr Wilmer Leon (44:51): They Dr Jemima Pierre (44:51): Had a lot of help from the Red Army. Let's be real Dr Wilmer Leon (44:54): Panama, Dr Jemima Pierre (44:55): Right? Panama or Dr Wilmer Leon (44:58): A big, huge military power called Panama, Dr Jemima Pierre (45:01): Right? Grenada, we just celebrated the 40th anniversary of the invasion of Grenada. Or you land in Haiti and you send special forces and you remove the sitting president. So they know that they're losing militarily. They know that they cannot sustain the multiple fronts, but they also know the rise of China and Russia is inevitable. Not even. They're already there. And so they know that they can't compete. And so they have to figure out how to mitigate that. And I do think so. That connection is good. Do you know that Haiti is only one of 11 countries that recognizes Taiwan, right? So what does that tell you? And they were forced to recognize Taiwan. And I think, I don't remember if it was under Duvalier who was a staunch anti-communist and really terrorized Dr Wilmer Leon (45:57): Who forced Haiti to recognize Taiwan. Dr Jemima Pierre (46:00): It was the US government to right, Dr Wilmer Leon (46:02): But wait a bit, Dr. Pierre, that can't be because we have a one China policy. So how could that be? Dr Jemima Pierre (46:09): No, it's just really fascinating. The more I think about it, the more I come to know this history, and you realize, well, why is Haiti only one of 11 countries to recognize Taiwan? And why was Taiwan coming to Haiti to sign bilateral deals and so on and so forth? And so part of that is they've been able to keep Haiti as one of the few in the region as one of the few people to recognize Taiwan as opposed to China, even though the US itself, as you say, has a one China policy. So I do think this is all connected. I think the US is trying to entrench itself. It wants to be near Haiti, closer to Haiti because it's worried about Venezuela. It is still mad about Cuba. It's worried about this. You're right, this canal that Nicaragua wants to get with the help of China and war with China is inevitable. (47:01) They all know that because they know that that's the only way they can try to hold on to this flailing empire. And so they're going to need to do as much as they can, but because they don't have the strength from military numbers to the capacity, you have 800 bases. That's a vulnerability. So they're going to get other, look what's happening right now in the Middle East. Your bases are being attacked. They're sitting ducks. And so if you have all of these things there, if you can talk, some people still into the dirty work for you, which is why they have military exercises with the Caribbean operation Tradewinds, they have military exercises with West Africa, and so they want to use these as proxies the way that they use Ukraine as a proxy against Russia. So they're going to use these as proxies against China. And that's the connection, right? The connection is all about trying to maintain global dominance, but not having enough firepower, not having enough political power to do so. So then using these others while you still can to do the dirty work for you, Dr Wilmer Leon (47:59): Talk if you would please, about the Dominican Republic, the Dominican Republic's role as it relates to Haiti and Columbia as well. Because I think that I read a number of reports that some of the assassins that went into Haiti and assassinated President Maise were Columbia or were out of Columbia, and we know that Columbia is one of the training bases for the CIA as the CIA projects this power in Central and South America. Dr Jemima Pierre (48:37): Yeah. Well, so Columbia also outsources mercenaries, and so it's very easy to use trained Dr Wilmer Leon (48:47): By the Dr Jemima Pierre (48:47): United States, right? 23 out of the 26 mercenaries come out of Columbia. Columbia's interesting. And I'm not a Columbia expert. What's interesting is the fact that they elected this leftist president, but Columbia has a long history of, right-wing governments also would fey to the us. And so we have to ask Columbia, well, why are there still US military bases in Columbia, right? So why did they sign an agreement to be with NATO to be like a NATO ally, NATO ally? And so Columbia is definitely part of that. I think I forgot your question, but No, Dr Wilmer Leon (49:25): I was asking about the relationship between the Dominican Republic and Columbia as it relates to being proxies basically for the United States. Dr Jemima Pierre (49:37): Well, definitely, and I don't know. I know the relationship with Dominican Republic, with Haiti, and one of the things, Haiti during the Haitian Revolution took over the entire island to get rid of the Spanish and to end slavery. And it's a very complicated history. And after Haitians beat the French, they had to take over the entire island in order to stop the constant attacks that were coming around, but also they got rid of slavery. And so then the Spanish help the elites get back. That part of the island and the relationship has always been fraught. The Dominican Republic has a deep anti-Asian, which is very much deep in racism. And so then that you have is our legacy with the Dominican Republic is in 19 seven massacre, parsley massacre, where they chop down about 30,000 Haitians and dumped them in the river, which is why that river, if you've heard that, and it uses called Massacre River, is the Dominican Republic massacre. (50:41) And Haitians, they've always, with the 2004 Kuta, a lot of the paramilitaries were trained in the military in the Dominican Republic. A lot of the arms are going into from the Dominican Republic and this ab, who's one of the most racist, right-wing presidents of Dominican Republic has had been going after Haitians forever. So for example, in 2013, the Dominican Republic nationalized 240,000 people, Dominicans of Haitian descent going back eight generations. So these people were Dominicans and basically removed citizenship from them. And Ab Nair has been rounding up the Haitian workers that have been in the Dominican Republic for generations cutting cane and so on and so forth. And that itself is a result of policies in the region that impoverish people and force them to go out and provide cheap labor. So the Dominican Republic and Haiti have had a really acrimonious history, but then the US Border Patrol is helping the Dominican Republic build a wall to separate Haiti in the dr. (51:45) So the US' hand is always in there, and we always have to, it is not to take away agency from the Dominicans or from the Haitians, but the truth is the reason that Haiti becomes significance because one of the few places that's still fight back, and I don't think people realize it. And that's one thing you have to think about, HAES, not that it's a mess. The reason they're still going after is because it's still fighting back places like Jamaica, for example. I don't know if people saw, there's a report recently that Jamaicans have no regular, Jamaicans no longer have access to their beaches. They have all been privatized and owned by foreigners. And so what they've become is a captive labor force to provide labor for these resorts. Well, Haiti, we don't have that yet. I mean, we have it in the northern part where in La Bai, which the Duval sold to, I think Royal Caribbean cruises. But this is what they want for Haiti. They want to remove the people from the land where people still own a lot of their land, where the country's still predominantly agriculture. They want to remove them from the land, privatize everything, steal the land, and turn it into a captive labor force for capital. And so, Dr Wilmer Leon (53:00): Wait a minute. To that point, I read and that the Clintons have purchased an inordinate amount of land in Haiti to build a private resort. Basically the model, what's been done in Jamaica. Dr Jemima Pierre (53:16): Jamaica, definitely Jamaica, Barbados, all those places that the other thing we have to talk about, the mineral wealth in Haiti. Wait, Dr Wilmer Leon (53:24): And one more point real quick is that you talked about resistance. I believe if those Kenyan forces make land on Haiti, Dr Jemima Pierre (53:38): They won't know what's coming. Dr Wilmer Leon (53:39): They got to fight on their hands that be prepared to manage. Dr Jemima Pierre (53:45): Yeah, I don't think it is going to be as easy as they think. And Dr Wilmer Leon (53:50): You wanted to hit on the mineral. Dr Jemima Pierre (53:52): On the mineral. And people also don't remember, don't know that Haiti, you can look this up. There are all these reports that Haiti has millions minerals and that people want, in fact, when they decided to start mining for gold, the first person that got a mining permit was Hillary Clinton's brother, Dr Wilmer Leon (54:14): Brother out of Canada, right? Dr Jemima Pierre (54:18): And so we have to think about Canada too, because Canada's people think of Canada as like Little Brother and Peter, but Canada has been front and center. In fact, Canada still has big manufacturing hubs. Gildan still produces T-shirts and stuff like that in Haiti. So it's just really interesting to think about how I wanted to end by saying, this is not a victimization. I think people like to say, oh, poor Haitians. Oh, look at this. People suffer so much they can't get a break. And I'm like, well, the truth is they've been fighting back, which is why they can't get a break, and they're going to continue to fight back. And you can't only see them as perpetual victims. What you need to see is do analysis and connect the ways that all the, the ways that Empire has tried to keep the people down, despite the fact that they're standing up to fight back. Dr Wilmer Leon (55:03): You've got a hard stop. I greatly appreciate you giving me the time today. You talked about minerals. There are geological reports that show there may be more oil off the coast of Haiti than there is in Venezuela. Venezuela, and Venezuela has the largest reserv of oil in the world. Dr. Jamima Pierre, how can people find you, connect with you if they need to? Dr Jemima Pierre (55:30): Yeah. Well, you can find me on YouTube through all these various interviews and my publications all over just a basically Dr Wilmer Leon (55:37): Black agenda report Dr Jemima Pierre (55:38): And black agenda report, as well as the Black Alliance for Peace. We have a whole Haiti resource page. Dr Wilmer Leon (55:43): Dr. Jamima Pierre, thank you so much for your time. Really, really appreciate it. Dr Jemima Pierre (55:48): Thanks so much for having me. Dr Wilmer Leon (55:50): Thank you folks. I got to thank my guest, Dr. Jamima Pierre for joining me today. And thank you all so much for listening to the Connecting the Dots podcast with me, Dr. Wilmer Leon. Stay tuned for new episodes every week. Also, please follow and subscribe, leave a review, and please, please, please, please, baby. Please baby. Please share my show. Follow us on social media. You can find all the links below in the show description. Remember, this is where the analysis of politics, culture, and history converge because talk without analysis is just chatter, and we don't chatter on connecting the dots. See you again next time. Until then, I'm Dr. Woman Leon. Have a great one. Peace and blessings. I'm out Speaker 1 (56:47): Connecting the dots with Dr. Wilmer Leon, where the analysis of politics, culture, and history converge.
François Duvalier claimed to be immortal, the reincarnation of a dark spirit: Baron Samedi. He built a torture room in the Presidential Palace, talked to the decapitated heads of his enemies, and used the Tonton Macoute to terrorize Haiti.This episode is sponsored by BetterHelp. Visit betterhelp.com/DUBIOUS today to get 10% off your first month of therapy. If you like our content, please become a patron to get all our episodes ad-free. Papa Doc Duvalier was one of the most ruthless dictators in history, ruling Haiti with an iron fist from 1957 to 1971. He was a medical doctor educated in Michigan, in the United States who then used voudou and his own Wagner type militia called the Tonton Macoute to spread terror and unimaginable violence to consolidate power.1 But he had a secret: he had diabetes. After a diabetic coma, he woke up even more ruthless than before. He changed the Constitution twice, won rigged elections with the help of voodoo priests and the lwas, and had absolute power. Papa Doc killed more than 60,000 Haitians. Haiti was France's richest colony in the 18th century, one of the most prosperous nations in the Caribbean. It was so fertile that it was was known as “the pearl of the Antilles.” Revolting against the French masters, Haiti became the first slave colony to overthrow its oppressors, the first free black republic in the world in 1803. Then the French asked for monetary reparations which Haitians had to pay to avoid invasion, and the U.S. occupied and robbed Haiti of its riches. Events like the Bay of Pigs, Fidel Castro's rise to power in Cuba and the assassination of John F. Kennedy played a role in Haiti's history as well. After Papa Doc Duvalier's death, his “fat playboy” son, Jean-Claude Duvalier aka Baby Doc, came to power and managed to continue his father's kleptocracy for 15 more years before finally being overthrown. Now, Port-au-Prince as well as the rest of the country are in complete chaos, ruled by gangs and with virtually no government, no state officials left: Haiti is a failed state. Evolution Of Evil E01: Papa Doc Duvalier | Full Documentary 1. Albin Krebs Papa Doc, a Ruthless Dictator, Kept the Haitians in Illiteracy and Dire Poverty The New York Times, April 1971 ⇤
OFFERTA INCREDIBILE DI NORDVPN! Non perderla: vai su https://nordvpn.com/dentrolastoria per avere il piano biennale con 28 mesi al prezzo di 24 ed un buono AMAZON fino a 30 Euro!Il Baron Samedi, il voodoo, le leggende dei morti viventi. Elementi di un film di James Bond, "Vivi e lascia morire", ma anche di una dittatura che fu un vero affare di famiglia. Per decenni Haiti è stata dominata dal clan dei Duvalier, prima da Papa Doc e poi da Baby Doc: una dinasty di sanguinari dittatori tra leggende, superstizione, resurrezioni dal come, travestimenti, massacri di oppositori e ruberie. Sino all'ingloriosa conclusione.Il nostro canale Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1vziHBEp0gc9gAhR740fCwSostieni DENTRO LA STORIA su Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/dentrolastoriaAbbonati al canale: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1vziHBEp0gc9gAhR740fCw/joinSostienici su PayPal: https://paypal.me/infinitybeatDiventa un supporter di questo podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/racconti-di-storia-podcast--5561307/support.
Après l'excellent Radyo Siwèl en 2018, Mélissa Laveaux est de retour avec un nouvel et quatrième album studio : Mama Forgot Her Name Was Miracle, un disque spirituel, poétique et hautement émancipatoire. (Rediffusion) ⇒ Facebook de Mélissa Laveaux.À ses débuts en 2008, Mélissa Laveaux se faisait déjà alchimiste de la chanson au fil de son premier album Camphor & Copper (No Format), dévoilant les contours de sa cosmogonie : une guitare offerte par son père à 13 ans, des textes poétiques en anglais et en créole, une voix féline, une folkblues hantée où réside un mystère. Celle qui a fait ses armes de militante dans le milieu punk-fém d'Ottawa poursuivra son chemin de musique en traversant l'Atlantique pour s'installer à Paris où elle vit désormais et donner naissance à Dying Is A Wild Night (No Format, 2013), un deuxième opus largement inspiré par ce voyage initiatique.Le déracinement fait partie intégrante de l'ADN musical de Mélissa Laveaux : avant elle, ses parents ont fui Haïti pour Montréal au Canada quand sa grande idole, la résistante haïtienne Martha Jean-Claude, chantait son île chérie depuis Cuba, où elle s'est réfugiée dans les années 50 alors que sévissait la dynastie Duvalier. Et c'est en partie pour restaurer ce lien perdu avec Haïti, pour guérir l'exil, qu'avec Radyo Siwèl (No Format, 2018), Mélissa Laveaux puisait en ethnomusicologue dans ses traditions musicales pour en exhumer comptines et chants perdus, nous rappelant aussi combien la musique peut être un instrument de résistance politique.Après une tournée triomphale qui s'achevait au Trianon à Paris en octobre 2019, la guitariste, chanteuse et poétesse se dévoile à présent sous un jour plus intime. À 37 ans, Mélissa Laveaux explore aujourd'hui la dimension thérapeutique et spirituelle de la musique en revisitant une forme ancestrale : la berceuse. Car si les rituels et les modèles dont on hérite sont parfois défaillants, dépassés voire rétrogrades, libre à nous d'innover ! Avec Mama Forgot Her Name Was Miracle, Mélissa Laveaux ré-ensauvage donc la berceuse en convoquant de puissantes voix d'outre-temps pour créer une toute nouvelle mythologie. Alternative. Moderne. Subversive. Car changer les légendes, c'est changer le présent. En archiviste des luttes féministes et sociales, en passeuse, Mélissa Laveaux fait donc appel à une communauté d'héroïnes que l'Histoire a oubliées ou volontairement mises à la marge. Autant d'archétypes dont le talent, le culot, l'engagement, la résilience et la grande liberté constituent pour la musicienne une source d'inspiration inépuisable.Ainsi d'un titre à l'autre croise-t-on Harriet Tubman, Jackie Shane, Audre Lorde, Helen Stephens, la déesse Lilith, La Papesse Jeanne, Ching Shih, Alice Walker, James Baldwin, Faith Ringgold, Ana Mendieta ou encore Alexis Pauline Gumbs... Tour à tour guérisseuses et guerrières, les membres de ce chœur-courage se sont affirmées en refusant de se contenter de survivre, de se soumettre à des normes assignées ou de subir un destin qu'elles n'avaient pas choisi. A l'image de Jackie Shane, pionnière transgenre de la soul canadienne dont les chants d'amour révolutionnaires ont ouvert la voie à tant d'autres. A l'image de Ching Shih, travailleuse du sexe chinoise qui préféra devenir la pirate la plus respectée des Mers du Sud au début du XIXe siècle. À l'image encore d'Harriet Tubman, ancienne esclave afro-américaine qui a aidé des centaines d'autres opprimé.e.s à retrouver les routes de la liberté.Trait-d'union immémorial entre les mondes et les cultures, musicothérapie originelle, musique-sorcière par excellence, la berceuse demeure sans doute le premier geste de soin, le chant d'amour le plus pur. Un rituel magique qui chez Mélissa Laveaux regorge d'incantations, de prières et de clés, mystiques ou métaphoriques, pour trouver la force de déconstruire ses peurs, transcender ses traumatismes et renaître guérie – ou au moins aguerrie. Collier d'amulettes électriques porté par une conversation rythmique entre les Caraïbes et l'Afrique de l'Ouest, Mama Forgot Her Name Was Miracle dit alors : «Osons vivre ! Férocement, libres et flamboyant.e.s ! #subjectivation».L'union fait la force, l'adage a déjà fait ses preuves, ainsi Mélissa Laveaux s'entoure donc d'une brigade sûre de sorciers du son. Citons notamment à la réalisation Guillaume Ferran (Griefjoy, Julien Doré, Victor Solf), Fin Greenall aka Fink (Ninja Tunes) ou Mathieu Senechal (Charlotte Cardin). Aux instruments : Voyou (trompette, clarinette), Clyde Rabatel (claviers, piano), Mathieu Gramoli (batterie), Steve Yameogo (basse, guitare), Sébastien Delage (guitare). Sans oublier quelques invité.e.s de choix qui viennent ajouter un peu de leur magie au tout : November Ultra («Rosewater»), Dope Saint Jude («Half a Wizard, Half a Witch») et Oxmo Puccino («Lilit»).Dans Mama Forgot Her Name Was Miracle, Mélissa Laveaux met sa poésie militante et son groove folk-punk au service d'une pop atypique, mobilisant ces super-pouvoirs que sont le don, la créativité, la joie, la beauté, la métamorphose ou encore l'intuition. Pour nous et pour elle-même, Mélissa Laveaux réactive ainsi, en formidable conteuse des eaux profondes, une force vitale miraculeuse qui contrairement aux apparences n'est jamais totalement anéantie. Un grand album, à découvrir en live dans cette émission et le 20 janvier 2023 au Théâtre du Châtelet. Titres interprétés au Grand studio- La Baleine Live RFI voir le clip - Rosewater, Feat. November Ultra, extrait de l'album voir le clip - Half Wizard, Half Witch Live RFI voir le clip. Line Up : Mélissa Laveaux (guitare-voix).Son : Benoît Letirant, Fabien Mugneret. Playlist de Mélissa Laveaux- Bulerias de un caballo malo - Ralphie Choo - Pisonia prologue - Tora-i voir le clip - The Truth - Sampa the Great - Ayuwe - Martha Da'ro. ► Album Mama Forgot Her Name Was Miracle (Twanet 2022).
durée : 00:53:12 - Le Cours de l'histoire - par : Xavier Mauduit - Récits de guerres de libération, souvenirs de la dictature des Duvalier, expérience de l'exil, l'écrivain et scénariste Dany Laferrière raconte sa relation à l'histoire, articulée entre Haïti et le Québec, jusqu'à l'immortalité du fauteuil de l'Académie française. - invités : Dany Laferrière Ecrivain
Francois "Papa Doc" Duvalier's administration was portrayed as a "Voodoo Dictatorship" by the Western press due to his tense relationship with the Catholic Church and his conflicting approach to the nation's Vodou beliefs. However, the claims of his political use of the religion's spirits and beliefs are based on shaky foundations. On this episode of The Worker's Cauldron, we try to shift through competing claims in an attempt to uncover the true history Haiti's right-wing dictator.Sources:David Nicholls, From Dessalines to Duvalier: Race, Colour and National Independence in HaitiJohn Cussans, Undead Uprising: Haiti, Horror and The Zombie ComplexMichel-Rolph Trouillot, Haiti, State Against Nation: Origins and Legacy of DuvalierismMichel S. Laguerre, Voodoo and Politics in HaitiRobert Lawless, Haiti's Bad Press: Origins, Development, and ConsequencesKate Ramsay, The Spirits and the Law: Vodou and Power in HaitiTampa Bay Times: Haiti's Recognition of Voodoo Brings New Freedom to FaithfulWhicker's World: Papa Doc: The Black SheepSupport the show
Focusing on the years between American military occupation and the dictatorship of Francois "Papa Doc" Duvalier in Haiti, the Workers Cauldron Podcast examines the ways in which Haitian literary groups represented the African diaspora religion of Vodou. After being moved by indiginisme, an ethnological movement to ground Haitian identity in its African past, future dictator Francois Duvalier helped to organize a group of black nationalist or noiriste writers called Les Griots who rebelled against the enlightenment principles of republican democracy.Sources:David Nicholls: Politics and Religion in Haiti From Dessalines to Duvalier: Race, Colour and National Independence in Haiti Ideology and Political Protest in Haiti, 1930-46John Cussans: Undead Uprising: Haiti, Horror and The Zombie ComplexMichel-Rolph Trouillot: Haiti, State Against Nation: Origins and Legacy of DuvalierismMichel S. Laguerre: Voodoo and Politics in HaitiMathew J. Smith: Red and Black in Haiti: Radicalism, Conflict, and Political Change, 1934-1957Support the show
A wide ranging discussion with one of my favorite scholars, Dr. Nadève Ménard. [A sprinkle of Kreyol; the rest in English. ] We cover The Haiti Reader and a separate essay (post-2010 earthquake) she wrote to her daughter, "My Dearest Dear Ana". While Haiti established the second independent nation in the Western Hemisphere and was the first black country to gain independence from European colonizers, its history is not well known in the Anglophone world. As co-editor, The Haiti Reader is an introduction to Haiti's dynamic history and culture from the viewpoint of Haitians from all walks of life. The Reader includes dozens of selections—most of which appear here in English for the first time. She emphasized that the selections are representative of Haiti's scholarly, literary, religious, visual, musical, and political cultures. What you'll find in this reader: poems, novels, and political tracts to essays, legislation, songs, and folk tales. Spanning the centuries between precontact indigenous Haiti and the aftermath of the 2010 earthquake, the Reader covers widely known episodes in Haiti's history, such as the U.S. military occupation and the Duvalier dictatorship, as well as overlooked periods such as the decades immediately following Haiti's “second independence” in 1934. Whether examining issues of political upheaval, the environment, or modernization, The Haiti Reader provides an unparalleled look at Haiti's history, culture, and politics. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/negmawonpodcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/negmawonpodcast/support
Yes. Haitians were in the nation-building business! This episode covers a little-known chapter in Haitian history. Dr. Regine Jackson offers a fascinating, multi-sited, and interdisciplinary study of the United Nations Organization in the Congo (ONUC), a civilian operation established after the Democratic Republic of Congo achieved independence from Belgium. Through narrative interviews in New York City, Port-au-Prince, Montreal and Paris and analysis of archives in Haiti, Kinshasa, and at UN headquarters in New York and Paris, Dr. Jackson helps us understand better the lived experiences of the Haitian educators, engineers, and doctors in the ONUC during the Congo crisis. her previous research suggests that many of these Haitian professionals saw postcolonial Africa as a space of possibility (see Jackson 2014). This episode seeks to answer crucial questions about our best and brightest: about their pre-migration experiences in Haiti under Duvalier, the role of international organizations such as the UN and WHO, relations between Haitians and the Congolese, as well the circumstances of their departure from the Congo under Mobutu Sese Seko. Visit her guest page https://neg.fm/dr-regine-ostine-jackson/ --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/negmawonpodcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/negmawonpodcast/support
DESCRIPTION The collapse of the Duvalier dictatorship in 1986 gave rise to optimism among Haitians in all walks of life—to hopes for a democratic journey leading to economic development, political renewal, and social peace. The reality of the subsequent years, however, has not been so sanguine. Robert Fatton analyzes the vicissitudes of politics in Haiti from the demise of Duvalier through the events of 2001. Despite a relatively stable period since Jean Bertrand-Aristide assumed the Haitian presidency for the second time, in 1994, Fatton reveals a country in which the imperfect trappings of liberal democracy coexist with violent struggles to monopolize the few sites of public power with any access to wealth and privilege. Haiti's Predatory Republic, while recognizing the possibilities of a happier future, tells a somber story of an apparently endless transition to democracy. Terms /Concepts Discussed --Peaks & Valleys --La Politique de Doublure --Tout Moun se Moun --Dechoukaj --La Politique du Ventre --Duvalierism BOOK CONTENTS Introduction. Class, State, and Civil Society in Haiti. The Fall of Duvalier and the Contradictions of Democratization. The Rise, Fall, and Second Coming of Jean-Bertrand Aristide. The Vicissitudes of Lavalasian Power. The Antagonistic Present and Future Alternatives. Toward a Compromise? Conclusion. ABOUT THE AUTHOR Robert Fatton Jr. is professor in the Department of Government and Foreign Affairs at the University of Virginia. His numerous publications include Predatory Rule: State and Civil Society in Africa and The Making of a Liberal Democracy: Senegal's Passive Revolution. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/negmawonpodcast/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/negmawonpodcast/support
The first episode of the Detention By Design podcast looks at how Haitian president Francois 'Papa Doc' Duvalier went from popular Black nationalist to dictator, starting a reign of terror that forced the first wave of refugees to set off in rickety boats to Florida's shores 50 years ago. A new phrase was coined - 'I'd rather get a shark visa' - and a new era in American and Haitian history began.
America is a beautiful place of second chances and limitless opportunity. It's also a place that will point and laugh as you publicly fall from grace and will talk trash about you the whole way down. That brings us to the subject of today's show, Rudy Giuliani. Giuliani started at the bottom and worked his way to some of the most prestigious offices within the legal system of New York City, eventually becoming mayor. Rudy was the darling of New York, people admired his work and it seemed he could do no wrong. But over time, Rudy faded from the spotlight as most politicians do… until he reappeared, with crazy eyes, melting hair, and lots to say. As Donald Trump's personal attorney, Giuliani was at the forefront of the 2020 election and the aftermath. Was there one certain event that took Giuliani from public darling to the butt of jokes? Was that really his fake hair melting? Who set up that infamous press conference at the Four Seasons Landscaping Company? We'll dive into these questions and more in the Rudy Giuliani episode of AHC Podcast. Intro Music Credits: Dar Golan - Royalty free army music https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2tbj1YElpg4 Citations: Bromwich, J. E. (2020, November 19). Whatever it is, it's probably not hair dye. The New York Times. Retrieved August 13, 2022, from https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/19/style/rudy-giuliani-hair.html Bump, P. (2021, April 28). Analysis | A timeline of Giuliani's dubious interactions with the Trump administration. The Washington Post. Retrieved August 13, 2022, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2021/04/28/timeline-giulianis-dubious-interactions-with-trump-administration Kruse, M., White, J. B., Sitrin, C., Gerstein, J., Sutton, S., & Mahoney, B. (2019, October 18). Friends with benefits: Donald and Rudy's long, strange partnership. POLITICO Magazine. Retrieved August 13, 2022, from https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2019/10/18/trump-giuliani-ukraine-lawyer-new-york-history-friendship-229857/ Lahut, J. (2020, December 4). Michigan State Representative confirms Rudy Giuliani farted during an election hearing. Business Insider. Retrieved August 13, 2022, from https://www.businessinsider.com/rudy-giuliani-fart-on-camera-confirmed-by-michigan-state-representative-2020-12 Mitchell, T. (2020, December 7). The rise and fall of Rudy Giuliani. ICON. Retrieved August 13, 2022, from https://icon.ink/articles/the-rise-and-fall-of-rudy-giuliani/ Roane, K. R. (2006, August 24). Myths of a 9/11 hero, debunked. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 13, 2022, from https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-aug-22-et-book22-story.html Shoard, C. (2020, October 21). Rudy Giuliani faces questions after compromising scene in New Borat Film. The Guardian. Retrieved August 13, 2022, from https://www.theguardian.com/film/2020/oct/21/rudy-giuliani-faces-questions-after-compromising-scene-in-new-borat-film Taseer, A. (2021, August 5). How Rudy Giuliani went from 9/11's hallowed mayor to 2021's Haunted ghoul. Vanity Fair. Retrieved August 13, 2022, from https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2021/08/how-rudy-giuliani-went-from-911s-hallowed-mayor-to-2021s-haunted-ghoul Wikimedia Foundation. (2021, June 3). Rudy Giuliani: Urban legend. Wikipedia. Retrieved August 13, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudy_Giuliani:_Urban_Legend Wikimedia Foundation. (2022, August 5). Legalized abortion and crime effect. Wikipedia. Retrieved August 13, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legalized_abortion_and_crime_effect Wikimedia Foundation. (2022, August 6). François Duvalier. Wikipedia. Retrieved August 13, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Duvalier Wikimedia Foundation. (2022, July 26). Rudy Giuliani. Wikipedia. Retrieved August 13, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudy_Giuliani Wikimedia Foundation. (2022, June 14). Lead–crime hypothesis. Wikipedia. Retrieved August 13, 2022, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lead%E2%80%93crime_hypothesis