Podcasts about Alamein

In this Echoes of War Podcast Craig interviews Jack Bowsher, of The Forgotten War Podcast, and author of Forgotten Armour, who has just written a new book titled Thunder Run Meiktila 1945: The greatest combined arms manoeuvre battle of WW2. Many histories of the Burma Campaign reach their peak with the remarkable battles of Imphal and Kohima in 1944. However, the subsequent reconquest of Burma in 1945 is often dismissed as merely “mopping up.” In reality, it marked the culmination of an arduous journey undertaken by the British and Indian armies since December 1941. This remarkable achievement occurred without the extensive resources allocated to other theaters, amid a landscape characterized by diverse and extreme geographic challenges. The campaign, particularly around the Japanese supply hub in Meiktila, deserves to be legendary in our collective memory of the Second World War. Had it been executed by renowned commanders like Monty, Patton, Rommel, or Zhukov, it would be as celebrated as the battles of France, Alamein, the Bulge, Kursk, or Overlord. Yet, it stands as the most extraordinary battle you may have never heard of. This campaign epitomized all-arms maneuver warfare of the Second World War, involving tanks, mechanized infantry, self-propelled artillery, and air support surging across the arid central Burma landscape, striking the Japanese Burma Area Army where least expected. Outnumbered and encircled, the 17th Indian Infantry Division and the 255th Indian Tank Brigade delivered a devastating blow to their adversaries in a battle that decisively ended Japanese dominance in Southeast Asia. This is Thunder Run: Meiktila 1945.  

Ramesses II defends his borders. In the early years of his reign, Ramesses focussed on home defence. His army established new forts at remote locations along the western Delta and Mediterranean Coast (Marmarica). Traces of this work can be found at famous locations like el-Alamein, Mersa Matruh, and Zawiyet Umm el-Rakham, the latter of which has been the object of detailed excavation in recent decades. Apparently, Ramesses was fortifying his frontiers, guarding the western approaches to Egypt. Soon after, the pharaoh went forth on campaign. His target? The cities of Canaan and Amurru, in modern-day Lebanon. Along the way, he left inscriptions at Nahr el-Kalb, which started a surprisingly long-lived tradition... Music: "War" by Ancient Lyric (commissioned by The History of Egypt Podcast). Website: www.egyptianhistorypodcast.com. Support the show via Patreon www.patreon.com/egyptpodcast. Make a one-time donation via PayPal payments https://www.paypal.com/ncp/payment/BHC6MGDBC6SXU. We have merch! Browse our designs at Dashery by TeePublic https://egyptpodcast.dashery.com/ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Comenzamos nuestro repaso al año que se va a través de 100 canciones favoritas de 2024.(Foto del podcast; The Limboos)Playlist;(sintonía) I. JEZIAK and THE SURFERS “Free as the ocean”THE LEMON TWIGS “My golden years” (A dream is all we know)THE HYPOS “Tore my whole world down”THE BEVIS FROND “Here for the other one”WESLEY FULLER “Alamein lane”THE LIMBOOS “Stranded (I’m moving on)”BRAD MARINO “Teenage monstrosity”THE REFLECTORS “What’s taking so long”THE CAEZARS “Back in the jungle”LA PERRA BLANCO “Get it out”TIBURONA “Pensando en ti”VARONAS “Es a mi”THE PRIZE “Had it made”THE UNKNOWNS “Heart in two”THE LOONS “Daffodils or despair”MOOON “I will get to you”THE MELLOWS “Satisfy your soul”Escuchar audio

Comenzamos nuestro repaso al año que se va a través de 100 canciones favoritas de 2024. (Foto del podcast; The Limboos) Playlist; (sintonía) I. JEZIAK and THE SURFERS “Free as the ocean” THE LEMON TWIGS “My golden years” (A dream is all we know) THE HYPOS “Tore my whole world down” THE BEVIS FROND “Here for the other one” WESLEY FULLER “Alamein lane” THE LIMBOOS “Stranded (I’m moving on)” BRAD MARINO “Teenage monstrosity” THE REFLECTORS “What’s taking so long” THE CAEZARS “Back in the jungle” LA PERRA BLANCO “Get it out” TIBURONA “Pensando en ti” VARONAS “Es a mi” THE PRIZE “Had it made” THE UNKNOWNS “Heart in two” THE LOONS “Daffodils or despair” MOOON “I will get to you” THE MELLOWS “Satisfy your soul” Escuchar audio

Egypt's PMI ticked up from 49.6 in May to 49.9 in June, posting only fractionally below the 50.0 mark which separates growth from contraction.Prime Minister held a presser a day after his new Cabinet took office, giving an overview of the new government's list of priorities and its upcoming plans. These include (1) increasing the private sector's contribution to the overall economy to more than 65% of total investments over the coming two to three years, (2) investing in Egypt's industrial development, and (3) improving transparency.The UK government's British International Investment (BII) has set aside USD100-200 million it plans to invest in Egypt's financial sector over 2024.The 20 LNG shipments state gas firm EGAS secured late last month — its largest in years — reportedly cost the state between USD880-910 million.Egypt asked the World Bank to extend the period of the comprehensive health insurance program for an additional 23 months to end in September 2026 instead of October 2024.Egypt imported fuel shipments worth about USD6.4 billion during 1H2024, an increase of c.4.92%.Regarding the cancellation of the Tourism Development Authority's (TDA) land reduction for Makadi Heights in 2022, ORHD (FV: EGP26.26, OW) announced that it has accepted the TDA's request for an additional payment of USD5.6 million in return for a new development timeline of eight years for Makadi Heights' remaining undeveloped land bank. We ran an exercise using the aforementioned payment timeline to get a sense of the impact of this payment on valuation, and the effect is minimal, entailing a reduction in FV of only EGP0.10/share.Raya Information Technology, a subsidiary of RAYA, plans to IPO on EGX in October 2024.OIH reported positive 1Q24 fianancial results. Net profit came in at EGP351.4 million (+240% y/y).The FRA approved establishing a new arm for CNFN, Contact Insurance Consultancy.Saudi low-cost airline Flynas launched its first flight from Riyadh to Alamein International Airport last Wednesday, becoming the first airline in the region to host scheduled flights to Alamein.

Bentleigh and Brunswick Juve both made big moves in the relegation battle this week, whilst Calder appear to be in dire straits.The top four managed a more straightforward weekend, each claiming important wins.In the middle of the pack, Alamein continue uphold their status as the ultimate barometer.All of the above and more is covered in this week's episode of Radio Dub!Enjoying the show? Keep in touch via our socials!➤ Twitter: @NPLVicPod➤ Instagram: @NPLVictoriaPod➤ Pester Nick here : @NickDurbano_➤ Tell Lachie he's wrong here: @lachieflannigan➤ Welcome Josh to the pod here: @joshparish_

In a weekend with some marquee match-ups, it was South Melbourne and Heidelberg who claimed major wins.The relegation battle took a turn, as Brunswick Juventus finally lifted themselves off the foot of the table.Meanwhile, Box Hil and Essendon Royals continued to pick up points, whilst Alamein solidified their status as league barometers.Tune in for a rundown on all the key discussion points from NPLW Victoria!Enjoying the show? Keep in touch via our socials!➤ Twitter: @NPLVicPod➤ Instagram: @NPLVictoriaPod➤ Pester Nick here : @NickDurbano_➤ Tell Lachie he's wrong here: @lachieflannigan➤ Welcome Josh to the pod here: @joshparish_

Essendon Royals continue to claim some major scalps, having knocked off South Melbourne at Lakeside this weekend. How far can the newly promoted side go? And what's going wrong at South Melbourne?Bulleen and Preston have moved clear on top of the ladder, but how stables are the Lions' positions on top of the tree?Plus get the rundown from Heidelberg and Boroondara's thrilling 4-4 draw, Alamein's shock win against FV Emerging, and the Prime Minister's newest accomodation.Enjoying the show? Keep in touch via our socials!➤ Twitter: @NPLVicPod➤ Instagram: @NPLVictoriaPod➤ Pester Nick here : @NickDurbano_➤ Tell Lachie he's wrong here: @lachieflannigan➤ Welcome Josh to the pod here: @joshparish_

Canal de Telegram para No perderte Nada! https://t.me/segundaguerramundialtelegram Canal de Whatsapp https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaSmnrC0QeatgWe2Lm27 Programa en vídeo en You Tube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d4asTW_5dKQ ¿Cuál es la importancia geo estratégica del norte de África en la Segunda Guerra Mundial? ¿Cuáles son las primeras acciones de Rommel cuando llega a Libia? ¿Cómo son los combates en el desierto africano? ¿Por qué fracasó el Afrika Korps finalmente en el Alamein? ¿Cómo se repliega Rommel a Túnez? En este programa en directo vamos a analizar todos estos puntos junto con otros muchos mas, teniendo como invitado de lujo a Antonio Muñoz, siendo el escritor de los dos volúmenes de Duelo en el Desierto.

Sesión de viernes donde picoteamos entre las novedades presentadas en el mes de febrero.Playlist;(sintonía) THE SATAN’S PILGRIMS “Cryin’ in a storm”THE IMPERIAL SURFERS “Contwistador”RAY COLLINS HOT CLUB “Kellerbar”THE SCANERS “Zero gravity”E.T. EXPLORE ME “Boots”GENERADOR “Yo adoro a Lux Interior”MOURNING AFTER “Lately”THE MOCKS “One more chance”THE SMOGGERS “My last rock’n’roll”THE MAGIC MUSHROOMS “Pain”THE HILLBILLY MOON EXPLOSION “Knocked down”DEX ROMWEBER “Good thing goin’”WESLEY FULLER “Alamein line”THE LIMBOOS “Dark is the night”BRAD MARINO “Teenage monstruosity”F.A.N.T.A “Thelma y Louise”THE PRICE “One day at a time”ROB PICAZO “Soothe my soul”Escuchar audio

Desde Londres nos llega el disco destacado del día, “Soothe my soul”, con el que descubrimos a este heredero de Sam Cooke, Ray Charles o el sonido New Orleans llamado Rob Picazo. Suenan además adelantos de los próximos trabajos de los británicos The Bevis Frond o el californiano Kelley Stoltz. Y el último lanzamiento de esa disquera británica llamada Hyperloop, especializada en arqueología garagera, que rescata dos canciones perdidas de la banda de Pensilvania The Magic Mushrooms.(Foto del podcast; Rob Picazo)Playlist;Disco destacado; ROB PICAZO “Black cat” (Soothe my soul, 2023)ROB PICAZO “Soothe my soul” (Soothe my soul, 2023)ROB PICAZO “Wall to wall” (Soothe my soul, 2023)RAY COLLINS HOT-CLUB with BIG JAY McNEELY “Kellerbar” (single 2024)THE HILLBILLY MOON EXPLOSION “Knocked down” (Back in time, 2024)THE LIMBOOS “Dark is the night” (adelanto del álbum “Off the loop”)WESLEY FULLER “Alamein line” (adelanto del álbum “All Fuller no filler”)KELLEY STOLTZ “Reni’s car” (adelanto del álbum “Le Fleur”)THE BEVIS FROND “Hairstreaks” (adelanto del álbum “Focus on nature”)THE COURETTES “You woo me” (single, 2024)THE MOCKS “Find her” (Do you want me too, 2024)THE MAGIC MUSHROOMS “I’m all ears” (single, 2024)THE MAGIC MUSHROOMS “Pain” (Hyperloop) (single, 2024)THE SCANERS “No return” (III, 2024)E.T. EXPLORE ME “98%” (Drug me, 2024)Escuchar audio

Striderna i Nordafrika under andra världskriget åren 1941-42 pendlade fram och tillbaka. Italienska katastrofer och tyska framgångar varvades med brittiska segrar och bakslag. Tyskarna leddes av den legendariske ”ökenräven” Rommel som fick uppgiften att hjälpa italienarna och krossa de brittiska styrkorna i Egypten.Men britterna förstärkte sina trupper och skickade fältmarskalken Montgomery och i oktober 1942 utkämpades det veckolånga slaget vid el-Alamein som slutligen ledde till ett tysk-italienskt nederlag.I detta avsnitt av Militärhistoriepodden diskuterar Martin Hårdstedt och Peter Bennesved krigföringen i Nordafrika från hösten 1941 till vändpunkten i oktober 1942. Kriget fördes i huvudsak i den smala Nordafrikanska kustremsan och längs kustvägen som förband de mindre och större hamnstäderna mellan Alexandria och Kairo i öster och Tripoli i väster.Kriget i Nordafrika hade i och med det vänt och britterna kunde notera sin första verkliga seger till lands efter två år av svåra motgångar. Detta var inte ”början på slutet eller ens slutet på början” som Churchill uttryckte saken, men ändå ett viktigt steg mot det som de allierade fast trodde på – den slutliga segern över Hitlertyskland.Manöverutrymmet var litet. Kriget fördes med pansarkolonner på kustvägen. Taktiken var att vid sidan om vägen försöka kringgå motståndaren och kom in bakom en stor del av den fientliga styrkan. Problemet var att dessa försök oftast misslyckades och den som riskerade att ringas in helt enkelt bara retirerade.Slaget vid el-Alamein i oktober 1942 skapade förutsättningar för britterna att för första gången låsa fast de tyska och italienska trupperna och besegra dem innan de hann retirera. Slaget blev därför ett en lång utdragen kamp som krävde stora förluster på båda sidor. Till slut lyckades Rommel lösgöra sina trupper som kraftig decimerade retirerade västerut. Britterna följde efter och det skulle visa sig att detta var vändpunkten i kriget i Nordafrika.Krigföringen ställde även stora krav på införsel av förnödenheter, ammunition och förstärkningar sjövägen till hamnarna på Afrikas nordkust. Både de allierade (britter och trupper från samväldet) och axelmakterna var beroende av de sårbara konvojerna över Medelhavet. Kriget i Nordafrika var därför en del av andra världskriget i hela medelhavsområdet. En förutsättning för britternas slutliga seger i oktober 1942 var att de lyckats slå ut de italienska flottstridskrafterna och dessutom de franska örlogsfartyg som fanns i Medelhavet – de senare hotade att falla i tyskarnas händer efter Frankrikes fall.Kriget i Nordafrika understöddes även av amerikanerna som från december 1941 var i krig med Tyskland. Det var med amerikanska stridsvagnar som britterna vann segern vid el-Alamein. Nästa fas i kriget i Nordafrika var en gemensam landstigning som slutligen kastade ut tyskarna och möjliggjorde landstigningen på Sicilien.De som vill fördjupa sig kan med fördel läsa Ken Fords El Alamein 1942: the turning of the tide i den välillustrerade Osprey-serien. På svenska finns Karl-Gunnar Noréns El Alamein: vändpunkten i Nordafrika under andra världskriget (2005). Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

OFFERTA ESCLUSIVA NORDVPN Non perderla: https://bit.ly/4awfHrj"Divisione accerchiata. Carri Ariete combattono": sono le ultime parole diffuse via radio dal generale Francesco Antonio Arena nel primo pomeriggio del 4 novembre 1942. La 132esima divisione corazzata "Ariete" si sta sacrificando fino all'ultimo carro, fino all'ultimo uomo, per coprire la ritirata dell'armata italo-tedesca dopo la disfatta di el-Alamein. Ripercorriamo la storia della grande unità che fu compagna d'arme fedele di Rommel nel deserto e che sarebbe rinata ancora, per difendere Roma e per conservare un nome divenuto leggenda.Il nostro canale Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1vziHBEp0gc9gAhR740fCwSostieni DENTRO LA STORIA su Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/dentrolastoriaAbbonati al canale: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1vziHBEp0gc9gAhR740fCw/joinSostienici su PayPal: https://paypal.me/infinitybeatDentro La Storia lo trovi anche qui: https://linktr.ee/dentrolastoriaDiventa un supporter di questo podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/racconti-di-storia-podcast--5561307/support.

The PMSK REview is a deeper look into some of the topics we don't get into when doing the scene-by-scene breakdowns of contemporary classic Pasefika films. We return to our latest entry to the Pasefika Movie Starter Kit, Taika Waititi's "Boy", to talk through the movie's theme of Potential and the different ways Boy and Alamein use their natural gifts to try and realize theirs. We also learn about Maori troops in El Alamein, Eygpt that helped turn the tide and win World War II. Follow The PasefikaMovieStarterKit on IG: www.instagram.com/thepasefikamoviestarterkit/Follow the Movie Boys:Marcus: www.instagram.com/ohhellomarcus/Lance: www.instagram.com/ballinesian/

The Pasefika Movie Starter Kit moonwalks back to Waihau Bay, Aotearoa in 1984 to find a boy who believes the very best in his absentee father. Alamein is an 11-year old man-of-the-house whose life is turned upside down when his father returns home to find his long-buried treasure. Filled with big cries, surprise reveals, loud laughs (and an enraging acting performance by writer and director Taika Waititi as the leader of the Crazy Horses), we cannot recommend this movie enough. AN INSTANT CLASSIC! We introduce you to the characters, break down each scene and give our Final Scores for "Boy". Boy Released 25 March 2010 Directed by Taika Waititi Written by Taika Waititi Produced by Cliff Curtis Starring James Rolleston, Taika Waititi, Te Aho Eketone-Whitu, Rachel House Follow The Pasefika Movie Starter Kit at www.instagram.com/thepasefikamoviestarterkit Follow The Movie Boys Marcus - www.instagram.com/OhHelloMarcus Lance - www.instagram.com/ballinesian

Freddo, ghiaccio, neve. Ma è neve rosso sangue quella che copre le rovine di una grande città sul Volga dove si svolge una delle battaglie principali della Seconda Guerra Mondiale. A Stalingrado finiscono i sogni di gloria di Hitler e si consuma la tragedia della 6a Armata di Friedrich Paulus: dopo i successi estivi, l'isolamento dovuto alla rottura del fronte a nord tramuta gli assedianti in assediati, condannati a morte dall'ottuso slogan del dittatore che non ammette ripiegamenti. Come Midway e el-Alamein, Stalingrado muta il corso del secondo conflitto mondiale lanciando la lunga marcia che si concluderà due anni e mezzo dopo a Berlino.Il nostro canale Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1vziHBEp0gc9gAhR740fCwSostieni DENTRO LA STORIA su Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/dentrolastoriaAbbonati al canale: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC1vziHBEp0gc9gAhR740fCw/joinSostienici su PayPal: https://paypal.me/infinitybeatDiventa un supporter di questo podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/racconti-di-storia-podcast--5561307/support.

Last time we spoke about the amphibious assaults in New Georgia, New Guinea and the naval battle of Kula Gulf. The boys on New Guinea were edging ever closer to their objective of Lae while drawing the Japanese attention elsewhere. In the Solomons, Admiral Kusaka tossed as many aircraft as he could to thwart the multiple allied landings, but it was to no avail. Having depleted his airpower, now he turned to the navy to see if they could reinforce New Georgia before another Guadalcanal situation occurred. Rear Admiral Teruo Akiyama was given the task of launching a Tokyo Express to New Georgia while also trying to give some fight to the enemy. Aboard his flagship the Niizuka, Akiyama did indeed give a fight to the Americans, showcasing a brand new type of radar and the ever trusty type 93 long lance torpedoes. The Japanese landed a few of their boys and now the real fight for New Georgia would begin.  This episode is the Fall of Mubo & battle of Kolombangara  Welcome to the Pacific War Podcast Week by Week, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about world war two? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on world war two and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel you can find a few videos all the way from the Opium Wars of the 1800's until the end of the Pacific War in 1945.  So the past few weeks we have been chaotically juggling multiple events across the Solomons and New Guinea and this week it shall be no different. So let's first jump into New Guinea. General MacArthur's forces managed to pull off the Nassau Bay landing, getting General Savige some much needed reinforcements on his eastern flank and a new supply route. Now the landing at Nassau Bay was part of an ongoing operation codenamed Doublet, aimed at dislodging the Japanese from Bobdubi and Mubo. Taking these were necessary for the future push against Lae and Salamaua. Mubo held an airfield and its capture would greatly facilitate troop movements towards Salamaua. The movement in the interior towards Mubo was complicated by rough terrain. There were a series of ridges that could be defended sternly by the Japanese. As we have seen for weeks, Roosevelt ridge, the pimple, Green Hill, Observation hill, Lababia ridge and Bitoi ridge proved to be very heavily defended. For the Japanese headquarters, all of the allied offensives were confusing as to where exactly the main target was to be. General Nakano remained confident, Salamaua was the main target and he acted accordingly by beefing up the defense there. He ordered Major General Chuichi Muroya, the commander of the 51st infantry division to fortify and defend Salamaua. As part of this, he also ordered Muroya to dispatch around 1000 men to halt American forces trying to move up the coast towards Lake Salus. Now by July 2nd Brigadier Moten's plan was for the 2/6th and 2/5th battalions to take Mubo and Observation hill. While the new Taylor Force would capture Bitoi ridge and then the ridge between Bui Alang and Bui Kumbul Creeks. After this the forces would link up and the Japanese lines of communications along the Buigap Creek would be severed. While this was going on the 15th brigade who was working in conjunction with the newly landed troops, were performing an offensive directed at reducing the Japanese presence around Lae and Salamaua. Part of this offensive involved the inexperienced 58th/59th battalion who had a hell of a time facing the Japanese at Bobdubi ridge. The 58th/59th battalion were two previous militia battalions from Victoria. Initially they were a defensive force in Australia, not meant to go to places like New Guinea, but as they say times were tough. They got a taste of hand to hand combat in late june and while they did not make much progress, they still impacted the campaign, forcing General Muroya to request reinforcements so he could maintain a firm defense for the approaches to Salamaua. Nakano made it clear Bobdubi was of grave importance stating “this location is the last key point in the defense of Salamaua”. Muroya received Major Otoichi Jinno's 1st and 3rd companies of the 80th battalion. They marched through the Coconuts area to Bobdubi bringing with them 2 mountain guns of the 26th field artillery regiment. Meanwhile Colonel Araki his 1st battalion over to the Old Vickers position. By early July Muroya now held 5 infantry companies, around 500 men strong in all. But with all the activity hitting the north, Araki became worried and ultimately decided to move his regimental HQ and 1st battalion to Komiatum, leaving only his 2nd battalion to hold Mubo.  On July 4th, Brigadier Heathcote Hammer took command of the 15th brigade. He was a veteran of the second battle of El Alamein, one of the most iconic battles of WW2, yours truly actually wrote quite a large episode for Kings and Generals on that one, and I think by the time this podcast comes out it should as well. Anyways Hammer had taken a German bullet right through both of his cheeks, but he did not lose a single tooth in the process, I guess lucky on that count. He earned a distinguished service order for his time in the middle east and in june of 1943 was promoted to Brigadier and given command of the 15th brigade. He was considered one of the most original and magnetic leaders of the Australian Infantry. “Hard as Nails” was said to be his motto, and “as you train, so you fight” his creed. When the 58/59th battalion stalled, he was tossed into the thick of it. Now do remember he was coming directly off the victory at Alamein, so he was I guess you can call it “desert minded” when he was tossed into the unforgivable jungles of New Guinea. He would have to deal with completely different terrain, different types of troops and a different enemy than the Italians and Germans. Another result of the delays at Bobdubi saw General Saviege dispatched Major Warfe's commands over to stop the Japanese from escaping Mubo. On July the 5th, General Savige ordered Hammer to send the company towards Tambu Saddle and Goodview Junction where they could cut off the Komiatum Track, thus preventing the Japanese from escaping Mubo to the north. Meanwhile B Company were on the Bench Cut Track carrying out ambush attacks. The two mountain guns brought up to the old vickers position were sporadically hitting Australian positions to their misery. C Company was performing a diversionary attack, while D Company was trying to capture the Coconuts and were successful at taking its northern region by nightfall on July 6th. The next day, the 80th regiment were pushing the 58/59th battalion back as air attacks from 6 Bostens hit the Old vickers allowing C Company to charge in with further support from D Company's mortars. The men charged up the steep ridge into Japanese machine gun nets and pillboxes. Likewise the 1st company of the 80th regiment with support of the 1st battalion, 66th regiment were launching counterattacks out of Komiatum. The Japanese managed to ambush some Australian supply lines inflicting casualties. On July 9th, the Australians tried to charge again into the Old Vickers, through a Sugarcane Knoll, but it went the exact same as last time, the machine gun nests and pillboxes were simply too much. Bobdubi ridge proved a tough nut to crack, but all of the activity was causing more and more Japanese units to move away from Mubo. By this point Mubo was being defended by 950 men and of those 770 were front line soldiers of the 66th regiment and the 14th field artillery regiment. And so the time was ripe to hit Mubo. Moten tossed Companies A and B from the 2/6th and C Company from the 2/5th towards Buiapal Creek; C Company of the 2/6th at Lababia ridge; D company of the 2/6th at the Saddle and the remainder of the 2/5th battalion into reserve. Warfe's commands went to work cutting off the escape route along the Komiatum track at Goodview Junction, but his forward units were spotted by Japanese patrols. As the commandos approached the area the Japanese came down from Orodubi ambushing them at Ambush Knoll…because of course its named that, silly Aussies, and this resulted in some lost supplies. Hammer was determined not to be thwarted by any delays so he ordered Warfe to launch a counterattack immediately. The Commandos were able to push the enemy back and reclaim their lost supplies, some of which were mortars and machine guns. On the night of the 6th, Warfe was ordered to leave a force to secure Wells junction while the rest of his men would proceed to cut off the escape route. During the morning of July 7ty, Moten's leading companies were wading through waste deep water in the Buiapal Creek due south of Observation Hill. The allied assault against Mubo was set to begin at 9:30am on the 7th, with Mitchell bombers coming in to strafe Kitchen Creek, Woody Island and Observation Hill. After this some Botsons and liberators would likewise bomb and strafe the same targets. The view from the ground was quite the spectacle for Moten's men. It looked like the entirety of the Mubo valley was being enveloped in thick black smoke and flames as the bombers dropped their payloads. Over 159 bombers and fighters dropped 109 tons of bombs over the Mubo area. Even if the bombs did not directly cause casualties among the Japanese in the area, it still caused chaos. Once the air attacks dissipated, the ground forces opened up their artillery and charged. A company of the 2/5th advanced without encountered any opposition, successfully climbing the northern slopes of Observation Hill. The southern slopes proved much more difficult with the Japanese putting up a fight against B company. B Company were forced to take a defensive position in a Kunai patch southwest of the slopes of Observation Hill. During this time, the Artillery over at the beaches of Nassau Bay were being moved further inland and would arrive at Napier by July 8th. This allowed Taylor Force to have the guns necessary to launch an assault of Bitoi ridge. Taylors men managed to get to the southern slopes of the ridge by 3pm while A Company touching its forward crest. B Company likewise broke through to the north and got to a point between Kitchen and Bui Savella Creek. A Company attempted another assault against Observation Hill but was repelled again, prompting Captain Dexter's D company to be sent to reinforce them. July 9th saw numerous patrol clashes as the Australians prodded deeper and deeper into the area. In the afternoon the Japanese sent a strong counterattack against the 2/5th companies seeing fierce fighting. As noted by Arthur Pearson of D company “In most cases we were firing blind, but sometimes we were abl to pick up the smoke from their rifles”. Pearson  at one point jumped into a weapon pit, trying to draw the Japanese fire his way. A bullet came at him, piercing the stock butt of his rifle, before slamming into one of the soldiers beside him killing the man. Pearson had no idea where the bullet had come from and frantically fired into the jungle hoping to hit the Japanese sniper. The next day saw a lot of the same, more patrol clashed. On the 10th, B Company engaged the enemy around Kitchen Creek. Meanwhile US infantry had cut the main track north of Bui Alang Creek on the 9th. The Americans began advancing down to Buigap Creek, then south to the Komiatum Track by July 10th, before hitting Buigap where they drove off a bunch of Japanese. The Americans now guessed the Japanese on Mubo were using a route north east along the Buikumbul to withdraw to Mount Tambu. With the Australian and now Americans infiltrating the sector, General Nakano ordered the Mubo garrison to pull out on the 11th, back over to Komiatum. To mask their withdrawal the Japanese planned to begin moving after sundown. By July 13th, they made their way along the Saddle to Mount Tambu, but the Americans had spotted them and gave them hell using artillery. The Japanese got out, but suffered many casualties doing so. On July the 12th, with the Japanese leaving the area, the Australians seized the Pimple, Green Hill and Observation hill with little opposition. Thus the allies had finally driven the Japanese out of their positions near Mubo, but they had also allowed them to escape. It turned out to be quite the fiasco with General Savige and Herring both believing they controlled the US troops of the 162nd, but in truth General Fuller refused to relinquish command to either. This confusion helped the Japanese squeeze out, though they did suffer 313 deaths and 981 casualties. The Australians received around 300 casualties. Mubo had fallen, its airfield was captured, mop up operations would go on for sometime, but most of the Japanese outposts were cleared. The path to Salamaua and Lae was ever closer. But now we are heading east over to the Solomons. General Wing's 172nd and 169th regiments were assembling at Zanana by July 6th. Their task now was to advance along the Barike River towards Munda. Meanwhile on the northern coast of New Georgia Colonel Liversedge's men successfully landed at Rice Anchorage by July 5th. His force was the 1st Marine Raider battalion, the 3rd battalion, 148th infantry and Companies K and L from the 145th infantry. His men began their advance south towards what is known as the Dragons peninsula. At the same time, as a result of the battle of Kula Gulf, the Japanese were able to land some men of the 13th regiment over at Vila. Defending Vila were forces led by Colonel Tomonari Satoshi. With more men on hand, General Sasaki intended to move the troops via barge through Bairoko so they could reinforce Munda. Sasaki had already brought his 3rd battalion, 229th regiment from Vila using barges. He was lucky the first time but now he felt the Americans would try to attack the airfield directly, perhaps by setting up artillery on the nearby Hopei island. Roviana island likewise could be used as a staging area for amphibious tanks to charge over. Thus Sasaki brought over some 8cm dual purpose guns and 13mm anti aircraft machine guns to try and defend the beaches. He also ordered Major Sato's 2nd battalion of the 229th regiment to dig some anti-tank ditches along the beach with the intent to smash any enemy tanks at the waters edge. He received word of the landings made at Zanana on July 3rd, prompting him to quickly reinforce his eastern line that ran north from Ilangana point. By July 6th, he had the 3rd battalion, 229th regiment and Sato's 2nd battalion holding positions along the the Ilangana line with a roadblock position held by a company who were using felled trees and barbed wire in front of Barike. Sasaki also had at his disposal a company of the Kure 6th SNLF led by Commander Okumura Saburo at Bairoko with a small detachment of the 2nd battalion, 13th infantry led by Major Obashi Takeo.  Meanwhile General Wing managed to get most of his 172nd regiment to the mouth of the Barike, but the 2nd battalion of the 169th remained on Rendova and the 1st and 3rd battalions were moving inland towards the Japanese roadblock. Unfortunately for the 3rd battalion, they had not found the roadblock by the night of july 6th and dug in just a bit east of it. They did not establish a good perimeter for their fox holes, there were no trip wires or barbed wires anywhere. Thus when the darkness came, so did the Japanese from the roadblock. The Japanese performed their classic infiltration tactics. The men in the foxholes began to hear random screaming, the odd firing of rifles all around them. The Japanese began to infiltrate their perimeter with one soldier reported that Japanese troops were approaching while calling out company code names in English. It was a brutal night to be sure. The shaken men of the 3rd battalion advanced with I company leading the way. They found themselves running into Japanese machine gun positions by 10:55pm around the Munda trail. They retaliated with mortars and machine guns, but could not properly see where the enemy was. Luckily B company from the 172nd showed up attacking the roadblock from the rear. In the carnage 3 platoon leaders were wounded, K Companies commander was killed, no progress was being made. Firing lanes were drawn out, the Americans were trying to find the enemy but their muzzle blasts were tiny. Some of the Americans tossed grenades, but they could not get close enough to effectively do it. By 3:30 the 3rd battalion withdrew from what they called “blood hill” to dig in for the night, but the Japanese continued to harass them. According to the 169th infantry “it was a sleepless night spend under continued harassment from enemy patrols speaking English, making horror noises, firing weapons, throwing hand grenades, swinging machetes and jumping into foxholes with knives”  On the 8th, the roadblock was overrun costing the 3rd battalion, 169th regiment and B company of the 172nd 6 deaths and 13 wounded. The next day the 169th finally got to their assembly point at the Barike line, while Colonel Liversedge and his men were crossing the Tamaku river. Colonel Liversedge planned to send Colonel Griffiths 1st Raiders with 2 companies of the 145th regiment to swing around the west shore of the Enogai Inlet prior to assaulting Bairoko while the 3rd battalion, 148th regiment would advance over to the Munda-Bairoko trail to cut off Munda from reinforcements. Liversedge estimated taking the Enogai Inlet and cutting off the trail would be done by July 8th, and it was critical it was done speedily as his men only had 3 days rations on hand. In the late afternoon of the 7th, the 148th managed to reach the trail and created a roadblock the following day. Griffiths team and secured the villages of Triri and Maranusa, clashing with a few Japanese patrols along the way. After capturing the villages the men came across some Japanese documents showcasing the defense plan for Enogai. On the 8th, the Raiders moved out of Triri enroute to Enogai only to run into an impassable mangrove swamp. Meanwhile Major Obashi launched a counterattack against Triri which would be eventually repelled. Griffith got the men to resume the advance using another trail west of the swamp and found themselves around Leland Lagoon where they clashed with some Japanese.  The morning of the 9th, saw General Wings main advance began. At 5am General Barkers 3 battalions of artillery positioned on both shores of the Honiavasa passage and some 155mms on Rendova opened fire on Munda. The artillery put several thousand rounds of 105mm and 155mm high explosives upon Munda. This was followed up by a naval bombardment by the USS Farenholt, Buchanan, McCalla and Ralph Talbot who were firing from the Blanche Channel, showering Munda with over 2000 5 inch shells. Then on top of all that 107 Dauntless and Avengers dropped 79 tons of bombs over Munda, Enogai and Bairoko harbor beginning at 8:30am. The Japanese recorded that the area was lit up as if it were daytime. The 172nd regiment forded the Barike, the 169th was unable to move because of the battle against the Japanese roadblock. On the night of July 6th, Admiral Samejima sent the rest of the troops that were supposed to be transported during the battle of Kula Gulf, the 2nd battalion of the 13th regiment, some 1200 men. They were aboard 4 destroyers, the Matsukaze, Yunagi, Mikazuki and Satsuki escorted by the cruisers Sendai and Chokai and 4 other destroyers the Yukikaze, Hamakaze, Tanikaze and Yugure. They only saw some harassment from a small strike force consisting of 5 PBY's as they made their way to Vila and safely returned. Admiral Kusaka requested some naval reinforcements from the Combined Fleet, so Admiral Kogo send Admiral Nishimura's Cruiser division 7, arriving on the 11th. Alongside this, Rear Admiral Izaki Shunji came over with light cruiser Jintsu and destroyer Kiyonami, taking command of the reinforcement unit. Back on land, the Kure 6th's batteries were firing upon Rice Anchorage prompting Griffith to begin the assault of the Enogai Inlet. Supported by mortars, B Company stormed the village of Baekineru. The Japanese began withdrawing from Enogai allowing the Americans to seize it by the 11th. This came just in time as the Raiders had run out of food and water. The raiders had paid heavily, suffering 47 deaths, 80 wounded and 4 men missing. The Kure 6th SNLF would report 81 deaths and a platoon of 50 men lost. The heavy losses forced Liversedge to request the 4th raiders be landed for the capture of Bairoko, but they would only arrive on the 18th. Meanwhile Colonel Tomonari brought forward his 1st and 3rd battalion to Bairoko to help reinforce Munda. At around 4pm, the 3rd battalion led by Colonel Takabayashi attacked the American roadblock, nearly dislodging them. By nightfall the Japanese took up a position on a ridge to the 148th's northern flank. There was a series of counterattacks until the next day saw a bit of a stalemate, then the morning after that the Japanese backed off. The 148th regiment would hold onto the roadblock for more than a week, but would quickly run low on food. It mattered not however as the Japanese just advanced along another trail further west, prompting Liversedge to order the roadblock abandoned on July 17th. Now Admiral Kusaka wanted to reinforce the important volcanic island of Kolombangara. Kolombangara was a perfectly round stratovolcanic cone soaring out of the sea to an altitude of 5800 feet. The Japanese had a garrison at Vila airfield on the islands southern shore. The island was often to put men and supplies upon barges that would make nighttime transits across the straits to Munda point. Kusaka sought to toss another 1200 troops, Major Yamada Tadaichi's 2nd battalion, 45th regiment and the 8th battery, 6th field artillery. Transporting them would be Matsukaze, Yunagi, Minazuki and Satsuki coming from Buin, escorted by Admiral Izaki's aboard the Jintsu alongside 5 destroyers Mikazuki, Yukikaze, Hamakaze, Kiyonami and Yugure coming from Rubaul. Unfortunately for the IJN, allied coastwatchers saw reported their movement and Admiral Halsey responded by ordered Admiral Ainsworth and task force 18 to intercept them. Ainsworth had light cruisers USS Honolulu, St Louis, the Royal New Zealand light cruisers HMNZS Leander; destroyers USS Nicholas, O'Bannon, Taylor, Jenkins, Radford, Ralph Talbot, Buchanan, Maury, Woodworth and Gwin. Half of Ainsworth's forces came from Captain Ryan's Destroyer squadron 12 who were quite inexperienced. Ainsworths set up his force making his vanguard the Nicholas followed by O'Bannon, Taylor, Jenkins and Radford. Honolulu, Leander and St Louis followed in the center. Ainsworth specifically placed Leander in the middle because she held inferior radar, he preferred St Louis to take the lead out of the Cruisers. Ryan's destroyers would take up the rear with Ralph Talbot, followed by Buchanen, Maury, Woodworth and Gwin. By 5pm task force 18 was sailing once again for the Kula Gulf. Task Force 18 had left Tulagi at 5pm on July 12th under clear skies and calm seas. As they passed Savo Island, Ainsworth took a course along the west coast of Santa Isabel island hoping to use it to hide his force from Japan reconnaissance aircraft. At 12:35am a PBY reported the course and composition of Izaki's force, and Ainsworth heading in for the intercept. As the two forces were converging, Izaki dispatched his Destroyer transport through Vella Gulf to unload the troops but at 1am he was alerted of the approaching enemy. It was actually the Americans who established radar content first, but the Japanese gained visual contact by 1:08am As the two forces converged, Izaki sent his destroyer transports through Vella Gulf; yet by 01:00, the Americans detected his force. However it was actually the Japanese who detected the Americans first for almost 2 hours or so because of the electromagnetic impulses the American radar systems emitted. The Japanese crews had managed to gain a fairly accurate picture of Ainsworths disposition. At 1:08 the Japanese made visual contact and were the first to attack, launching 29 torpedoes by 1:14am. Ainsworth's vanguard increased speed to engage the Japanese with their torpedoes while the cruisers turned to deploy their main batters and engage to starboard. Ainsworth yet again ignorant of the type 93 long lance capabilities had no idea the fish were already in the water coming towards his force as they watched the Japanese destroyers turn away. The American destroyers tossed 19 Mark 15 torpedoes, but the Japanese were over 10,000 yards away and turning north thus completely wasted the volley. When the Japanese were 10,000 yards or so Ainsworth cruisers began opening fire, concentrating on the Jintsu. When the Japanese column closed to 10,000 yards at 01:12, Ainsworth ordered his cruisers to open fire, concentrating on the Jintsu which was leading. Honolulu and St Louis fired an incredible amount of shells for 18 minutes at 1100 and 1360 6 inch rounds joined by 350 5in rounds. The Leander fired 160 6 inch rounds. The Jintsu was hit first to her rudder, then her bridge killing Izaki, followed by 10 or more shells to her engineering spaces. She was a doomed burning ship, that came to a dead drift quickly. The Americans then launched another volley of torpedoes, 21 in all, but they would all fail to hit a mark. By this time, the Japanese torpedoes were finally arriving. Leander was hit at 1:22 forcing Ainsworth to detach Radford and Jenkins to help her limp away. The rest of Ainsworth forces managed to avoid the torpedoes. While this was occurring the destroyer transports had successfully unloaded the 1200 troops and were moving north to withdraw with Izaki's other destroyers. The Japanese were not running away however, they were getting to a safe position to reload torpedoes and re-engage. After finishing off the Jintsu at 1:45, Ainsworth ordered the force to pursue the enemy going northwest. They made radar contact again at 1:56, but Ainsworth doubted the blips to be the enemy, but rather his vanguard ships. Instead of opening fire, Ainsworth attempted making contact with the vanguard force and began firing starshells, this would prove to be a fatal error. The Japanese launched another volley of 31 torpedoes. At 2:08 the first to be hit was St Louis, it opened her bow, next Gwin was hit near her No 2 engine room; Honolulu was third receiving a hit to her starboard bow at 2:11, with another hitting her stern without exploding. Honolulu's rudder jammed and she nearly smashed into Gwin coming within 50 yards of her. That effectively ended the battle as Ainsworth ordered the task force to withdraw back to Tulagi. The Gwin had lost 61 men and was forced to be scuttled, Leander lost 28, the Jintsu 482 and another Japanese Admiral was dead. 21 survivors of the Jintsu were rescued later on by the I-180, a few others were picked up by American ships. The Japanese had won a tactical victory and demonstrated yet again their superior night fighting techniques. But it was a pyrrhic victory in many ways as well, the Americans could afford to lose ships, the Japanese could not.   After the defeat, Admiral Nimitz decided to change tactics and not confine anymore cruisers to the Solomons as they could not hope to chase the IJN destroyers and their troublesome torpedoes were a major threat. Nimitz wrote a letter to Halsey suggesting that a well trained squadron of 2100 ton Fletcher class destroyers would be better suited to such waters rather than cruises. Halsey argued despite the Japanese having superior torpedoes, he believed Ainsworth's night battle plan A, that had employed SG radar with radar directed gunnery were still superior to anything the IJN had. He thought the solution “appears to be the greatest volume and weight of gunfire that can be incorporated into a highly maneuverable unit–and a unit that is certainly not appreciably weaker than the enemy unit.” Regardless Halsey went to work designating two squadrons of 2100 ton destroyers to take over New Georgia operations and would not risk anymore of his cruisers going up the Slot on any more missions. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. The New Guinea and New Georgia campaigns were seeing gradual progress for the allies, but the naval battles were much less to be desired. While the Japanese were earning some victories, they were rather pyrrhic in nature as American production was winning the day.

Welcome to the Instant Trivia podcast episode 831, where we ask the best trivia on the Internet. Round 1. Category: kangaroo words 1: It's just 1 letter shorter than rotund. round. 2: Precipitation is often just a fancy word for this. rain. 3: Within instructor you'll find this private instructor. tutor. 4: Cut Brobdingnagian down to size with this little 3-letter synonym. big. 5: If you salvage something, you also do this. save. Round 2. Category: alphabetic homophones 1: To achieve the best flavor, this should steep for 3 to 5 minutes prior to being served. tea. 2: A vote in the affirmative. aye (I). 3: You can't play billiards without this stick. cue. 4: It comes before both Greco and Alamein. El. 5: At this social gathering people combine amusement and competition while making such things as quilts. bee (B). Round 3. Category: "up" songs 1: After they fell asleep at the drive-in the Everly Brothers had this to say. "Wake Up Little Susie". 2: Where you'd be going "by the old mill run... in the noonday sun". up the lazy river. 3: In '80, Diana Ross was "inside out" with this #1 hit. "Upside Down". 4: Starsky and Hutch's David Soul made his recording debut with this soulful plea. "Don't Give Up On Us". 5: Waylon Jennings' maternal admonition. "Mammas Don't Let Your Babies Grow Up To Be Cowboys". Round 4. Category: a day's calories in one meal 1: Double Whopper with cheese, King fries, large vanilla shake, Dutch apple pie. Burger King. 2: Zesty Chicken Border Bowl, Fiesta Taco Salad, Nachos Bellgrande, apple empanada. Taco Bell. 3: Market Fresh Roast Beef and Swiss sandwich, large Jalapeno Bites, Jamocha shake. Arby's. 4: 2 large orders of popcorn chicken, 2 biscuits, potato wedges, BBQ beans, Lil' Bucket lemon creme, large Pepsi. KFC. 5: 2 Big Bacon Classics, great Biggie fries, Homestyle Chicken Strips Salad with ranch dressing, medium Frosty. Wendy's. Round 5. Category: it just sounds questionable 1: This 4-letter word can mean "stop"; while pouring you a drink someone might ask you to "say" it. when. 2: "Going to the fair", Simple Simon asked the pieman, "Let me taste your" this. ware. 3: Term for a Buddhist temple, there's a big one in Angkor. wat. 4: In the American Revolution, last name of British admiral Richard and his brother, general William. Howe. 5: In Spanish, this letter is "I griega". Y. Thanks for listening! Come back tomorrow for more exciting trivia! Special thanks to https://blog.feedspot.com/trivia_podcasts/

Last time we spoke about the battle of Komandorski islands. Admirals Kinkaid and McMorris began a naval blockade of Attu and Kiska putting the IJN in a terrible bind. They could either give up the Aleutians, or they would have to reinforce them, either of which came at huge costs. Admiral Hosogaya had no choice but to try and breach the allied blockade to get the much needed reinforcements to the frozen islands. Hosogaya's fleet was superior in numbers and firepower to that of McMorris when they fatefully met in the frigid northern seas. Yet by a stroke of luck, a single man fired a High Explosive shell during the heat of battle causing Hosogaya to make a terrible blunder. Under the impression allied airpower was about to attack them, Hosogaya backed off, losing the chance to claim a major victory. And today we are going to venture, behind the desk so to speak.  This episode is the Pacific Military Conference: MacArthur vs King Welcome to the Pacific War Podcast Week by Week, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about world war two? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on world war two and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel you can find a few videos all the way from the Opium Wars of the 1800's until the end of the Pacific War in 1945.  Now before we jump into the real war of the Pacific, General Douglas MacArthur vs Admiral Ernest King, I first want to jump over the good old CBI theater. Interesting to mention I recently did a livestream, gaming with a friend of mine, answering some audience questions from you dear old audience members and others from my Youtube channel and Fall and Rise of China Podcast. One guy asked me “how important was the CBI theater?” and it really got me thinking on the spot. Honestly when Americans talk about the Pacific War, two things immediately come to mind, naval battles and island warfare. China gets overshadowed despite literally being the lionshare of fighting against the Japanese, I mean hell they kept like 30+ divisions in China out of 50 or so. But even more than that you hardly hear about Burma or India, they are always the quote en quote benchwarmers compared to lets say your Guadalcanal's or Iwo Jima's. As I said to the audience member on the livestream, its hard to quantify something, but honestly tossing %'s around you could argue the CBI was a hard 50-60% of the war effort, because it did the most important thing necessary to win a way, it drained Japan of men/resources. So lets jump into it a bit shall we? So the last time we were talking about the disastrous First Arakan Campaign. The British launched their offensive and saw heavy resistance at Rathedaung and Donbaik. General Irwin continuously made blunders. When Wavell made an inspection of the battlefields later on he commented how Irwin's forces had “fought in penny packets”. Basically what he was getting out with this little jab, was unlike conventional battles, take for example the famous battle of Alamein. Instead this offensive consisted of hundreds of chance encounters, dozens of disparate set piece clashes, hand-to-hand conflicts, frontal attacks, ambushes, desperate defenses, bombing raids, all of which had been minutely chronicled, but the details of them were quite the mystery. General Slim when asked described it all ‘as an epic that ran across great stretches of wild country; one day its focal point was a hill named on no map; next a miserable unpronounceable village a hundred miles away. Columns, brigades, divisions, marched and counter-marched, met in bloody clashes and reeled apart, weaving a confused pattern hard to unreal”.  Now the beginning of the first arakan offensive seemed to go well. Despite the logistical nightmares, Lloyd enjoyed the advantages of both air superiority and numerical superiority. But the Japanese built their defenses knowing full well what was coming to hit them. The Japanese made no attempt to hold onto the lines between Maungdaw and Buthidaung, nor resist the British forces at Kyauktaw. Lloyd began sending optimistic reports, such as on Christmas Day when the enemy pulled out of Ratheduang. And so the British continued along the peninsula until they came a few miles north of a point of Donbaik, sitting on the coast of the Bay of Bengal. It was here, General Koga had dug in and waited for his enemy. It was to be here, after showcasing the Japanese superior jungle fighting tactics, their roadblocks and amphibious hooks, that they would unleash a new unsuspecting weapon, that of the bunker. General Slim described it as such “‘For the first time we had come up against the Japanese “bunkers” – from now on to be so familiar to us. This was a small strong-point made usually of heavy logs with four to five feet of earth, and so camouflaged in the jungle that it could not be picked out at even fifty yards without prolonged searching. These bunkers held garrisons varying from five to twenty men, plentifully supplied with medium and light machine guns.' The bunkers were impervious to field guns and medium bombs. They also had crossing fire lanes, thus for one force to attack a bunker they would be fired upon by 2 more. The redoubt at Donbaik was situated alongside a “chaung”, which was a natural anti-tank position, having steep sides up to 9 feet high up on the bunkers. On January 7th of 1943, the forces got their first taste of these defenses and were tossed back with heavy casualties. For days a pattern emerged of men throwing themselves at the bunkers, only to be butchered. It was so bad, both Wavell and Irwin were forced to come visit Llyod on the 10th, just to tell him “you must take Donbaik at all cost”. And so Llyod asked for tanks, and he was given them. But to Slims horror the man only asked for one troop of them, prompting Slim to object stating “the more you use the fewer you lose”. His argument was sound and simple, if you were going to utilize tanks, you tried to do so en masse to overwhelm, otherwise the resources would be vulnerable and most likely lost. His objections were tossed aside, and half a squadron of tanks, merely 8 hit the bunkers. The british attacks were beaten off all he same. Now Koga knew he had to fight off the enemy until at least the end of march to receive some decent reinforcements. Thus he determined to hold out; he needed to perform a counterattack. Meanwhile his counterpart Irwin was determined that overwhelming infantry numbers on narrow fronts could achieve victory. And as one contemporary analysis called it “an idea rich in casualties”. Koga brought up the bulk of his 55th division to Akyab and on March 7th the 213th regiment attacked the Kaladan Valley, driving away the V force. Then the 112th regiment attacked the 123rd and 55th Indian brigades north of Rathedaung who were forced to pull back to Zedidaung. This left the 47 indian brigade trapped at the Hwitze bridgehead and the Japanese carried out wide outflanking maneuvers and infiltration attacks against the British lines. In response Irwin tried to toss another assault against Donbaik, which had just been further reinforced by Koga. On March 18th, the 6th brigade of Brigadier Ronald Cavendish launched a front attack on a very narrow front, despite multiple advice given by other commanders stating he should try to outflank the Japanese along the mountain crest. His force made little progress and suffered heavy casualties for their efforts. Meanwhile the 213th regiment secured the eastern side of the Mayu river and the 112th regiment was preparing to cross it. In early March Irwin was doing something aside from tossing his men into a meatgrinder, he began covering his ass. Sensing defeat was staring him in the face, in his desperation he tried to coopt his hated rival, General Slim into sharing some of his blame to come. He sent Slim to Maungdaw to see Lloyd and report on the situation there. When Slim asked him if this meant he was now in operational control, Irwin said absolutely not, he just wanted Slim's assessment of the situation over there. Irwin did however add in, that Slim might gain operational control in the future, but only when Irwin said so and even in that case, Irwin would be retaining administrative control. Well Slim found the Lloyds men's morale was at an all time low. He advised Lloyd to abandon the idiotic frontal assaults and instead to try and flank the enemy through the jungles. Lloyd argued that was too unfeasible and because of Irwins ordered overruled Slim. Thus Slim returned to Irwin with a useless report. Up until this point Wavell pretty much had no idea what was going on. He continued to urge action from Irwin, so Irwin ordered action from Lloyd and the result was just more disaster. By March 20th Wavell, Irwin and Lloyd all accepted they would have to withdraw the forces to the Maundaw-Buthidaung line. Wavell was livid at his subordinates writing “It seemed to me to show a complete lack of imagination, and was neither one thing nor the other. An attack in real depth with determined soldiers like the 6th Brigade would, I am sure, have accomplished something, though it has cost us casualties. But to use one battalion at a time, and that usually only deploying one company, seems to me to be poor tactics. With the Japanese in a pocket like that, I cannot believe that a plan could not have been made to eat them up; it looked to me like practically ideal for covering machine gun and mortar fire from a flank.” On the night of the 24th, the 112th regiment crossed the Mayu river, marched along narrows paths and jungle to get to the crest of the supposedly impassable Mayu range. The following days say lines of communications to Kyaukpandu severed, the enemy captured the mountain crest near Atet Nanra on the 39th and in response to this Lloyd sent the 47th and 6th brigades to retreat west before they were encircled. This of course was in contradiction to direct ordered he had received to wait until the monsoon season had broke before pulling out. Thus Irwin was forced to countermand Lloyd's order. Wavell was livid over his insubordination blundering of things and sought to toss Lloyd under the bus. Thus Irwin was discreetly told to sack Lloyd, and before doing so he took direct command of the 14th indian division.  Lloyd was replaced by Major General C.E.N Lomax who was promptly ordered to carrying on doing the exact same things Lloyd had done. The 26th Indian division and Lomax were sent to bolster the peninsula, Lomax was going to assume command of all the Arakan forces when he got there, but until then Irwin had to run the show. Koga was not letting up of course and the 112th regiment managed to build a roadblock north of Indian village b April 3rd, successfully cutting the lines of communication of the 47th and 6th brigades. Simultaneously the 143rd regiment burst into the area advancing northwards up the Mayu River valley. The Japanese were soon infiltrating British positions at Indin village and overran the HQ of the 6th brigade capturing its commander, Cavendish in the process. However one of Cavendishes last orders before being grabbed was for the British artillery to open fire on Indian, which they did, taking the Japanese completely by surprise. It caused significant casualties on the Japanese, but also the British, killing Cavendish in the end. With the 47th brigade practically annihilated by Koga's forces, Irwin began to launch himself into a frenzy of blame-shifting. He argued the brigade, not his own tactical ideas, was alone to blame and yet again he tried to drag Slim into the mess. This time he told Slim to hold himself in readiness to take over operational control and to move his HQ to Chittagong. But again Irwin reminded him he would not have administrative control of operations nor operational direction until Irwin said so. Slim met with Irwin in Calcutta on April 5th, having been recalled from leave in the small hours, something Irwin did often to him. That evening he dined with Lloyd at the Bengal Club and heard his side of the story, which the man remarkably told without any bitterness of his shabby treatment. After this Slim had a meeting with Lomax at Chittagong. The 6th brigade narrowly escaped annihilation by retreating along a beach road and the 47th brigade avoided the same by destroying their own heavy equipment, broke out into small parties and ran for their lives cross-country to the beach, thus ceasing to be a fighting force.   Following that initial catastrophe, Lomax and Slim devised a stratagem for catching Koga's men in a box along the Mayu peninsula. The box would involve 6 battalion, 2 on the ridges of the Mayu hills, 2 along the mayu river and 2 on the hills due south of the Maungdaw-Buthidaung road. The idea was that the Japanese would be bound to utilize the tunnels on a disused railway track, dismantled for years. They would be led into a box on their way to the tunnels and then the lid of the box would be shut by a force of brigade strength. It was in many ways an attempt to replicate Hannibals famous victory at the battle of Cannae, every generals dream since ancient times. Lomax and Slim were going to used their tired and greatly demoralized men to carry out a scheme of geometrical perfection. But that is all for this week at the CBI theater.   Now as we all know, during the Pacific War General MacArthur and Admiral King both laid out their own plans for the drive towards Japan. This led to a compromise plan that held 3 phases: Phase 1 was to seize Guadalcanal; phase 2 was to drive up the central solomons and New Guinea; lastly phase 3 was to neutralize Rabaul. Now as much as MacArthur and King hated another, they both understood Rabaul was a crucial lynchpin for both their plans. Working together did not always go so well as you might imagine. Take for example Admiral Halsey who continuously found himself in the middle. At one point in early February  he was forced to go meet MacArthur to request reinforcements, because Operation KE made the allies think a major offensive was on its way. MacArthur argued that his heavy bombers were too few and that he could not promise much support as he believed an impending offensive was about to be launched in his own area. Now Halsey was one of the few men, a Navy man no less, that MacArthur did not hate, so if he was going to jerk him around, you can tell he was being difficult to work with. All of these difficulties emphasized the two services and two area commands needed to better coordinate. And thus a conference was called to hammer out the fine details of how they would all play nice together.   Now meeting all in person was not feasible so the commanders sent their representatives to Washington to present their plans. On March 12th, the Pacific Military conference was held with representatives from each Pacific area command: Lt-General George Kenney, Major General Richard Sutherland and Brigadier-General Stephen Chamberlin represented MacArthurs Southwest command; Lt-General Millard Harmon, Major-General Nathan Twining, Captain Miles Browning and Brigadier-Genreal De Witt Peck represented Halsey's south pacific command; Lt-General Delos Emmons, Rear-admiral Raymond Spruance, Brigader-General Leonard Boyd and Captain Forrest Sherman represented Nimitz Central Pacific command.   Now small side note here, since MacArthur could not make this conference I still wanted to toss my good old 2 cents at the man. While all of this was going on, Richard Sutherland had been sent on another mission to Washington by MacArthur. Richard sutherland was sent to meet Arthur Vandenburg, a senior Republican senator. They met informally at the home of Clare Booth Luce, a strongly anti-Roosevelt republican. She was also the wife of Henry Luce, the man in control of the Time-Life media conglomerate. The purpose of the meeting was to discern how much republican support MacArthur could expect if he ran for President in 1944. Vandenburg was onboard for it and a month later MacArthur would send another aid over bearing a note to the senator stating “I am most grateful to you for your complete attitude of friendship. I can only hope that I can someday reciprocate”.   Vandenburg and his allies  drafted MacArthur for the republican nomination as MacArthur met with his public relations staff, better called his court. One of his court members, Colonel Lloyd Lehrbas was disgusted by open discussions of MacArthur winning the presidency and running the war from washington. Lehrbas was a former newspaper editor who now reviewed press releases in MacArthur's name. MacArthur kept the man on his staff specifically because of his media connections. Vandenburg found strong support for MacArthur amongst the arch-conservatives. The republican party was going to nominate two candidates: Wendell Wilkie and Thomas Dewey, but Vandenburg was trying to sneak MacArthur in as a third. However there was a specific group of republicans who adamantly opposed MacArthur's nomination, veterans who had served under him during the Pacific War and before. Vandenburg tried to get a better picture by sending representatives to canvas the troops in the Pacific theater for their thoughts. The consistent response was overly negative about MacArthur.   In early 1944, a private conversation between MacArthur and Congressman Arthur Miller of Nebraska was leaked to the public. It revealed MacArthurs plot behind the scenes to run for presidency and this forced MacArthur to back pedal heavily. On April 30th of 1944 his staff released a statement from MacArthur stating  “I request that no action be taken that would link my name in any way with the nomination. I do not covet it nor would I accept it”. Yeah, MacArthur would try two more times to run. But anyways now that you know that little tid bit information on my favorite figure lets carry on.   The Pacific Military conference lasted until march 28th, conducted under the supervision of the joint staff planners, headed by Rear-Admiral Charles Cooke and Major-General Albert Wedemeyer. Now MacArthur's team came to the conference with a plan in hand, codenamed Elkon. Elkon was a town in Maryland, a famous destination for quick marriages, and the operation was to be a two-pronged offensive. It called for the seizure of the New Britain, New Ireland and New Guinea area which would be based on phase 2 and 3 of the July 2 directive. That being the two approaches heading for Rabaul: one proceeding along the northern coast of New Guinea and the other through the Solomons. This ambitious plan called for first seizing airfields on the Huon Peninsula and New Georgia, then air bases on New Britain and Bougainville, then the seizure of Kavieng and finally Rabaul would be isolated enough to be invaded.   The first week of the conference became a arm-wrestling match between Sutherland and the other join chiefs, especially General Marshall who squabled over the details of Elkton. Admiral King and the navy were quite hostile to the plan, but rather shocking to some, William Bull Halsey was a large supporter of MacArthurs plan. Halsey's team argued the plan did not overstretch their resources and in fact Halsey was finding working with MacArthur was enormously benefiting the Pacific War effort. Halsye and MacArthur were a lethal combo, but King was hard pressed because the truth was they simply did not have the necessary resources for MacArthur's plan. So as you can imagine compromises were made. Macarthurs initial calculations for the plan to work required 12 and ⅔ divisions and 30 air groups for the southwest pacific area, while 10 divisions and 15 air groups were needed in Hasleys south area.    The joint chiefs responded by asking what the pacific representatives thought they could accomplish in 1943 with the best reinforcements washington could deliver. Sutherland and Halsey's team agreed task two: taking northeastern New Guinea, Madang-Salamua-Huon gulf triangle, Bougainville, New Georgia, Cape Gloucester and New Britain could be taken, but they would probably run out of resources to take Rabaul. The joint chiefs said to forget about Rabaul for the time being and focus on taking the Bismarck Archipelago. MacArthur began writing from Brisbane he thought this idea to be a huge mistake “We are already committed to the campaign in New Guinea….If at the same time we enter upon a convergent attack on the New Georgia group, we have committed our entire strength without assurance of accomplishment of either objective.” This led Hasley to agree to wait for his attack on New Georgia until MacArthur had achieved his objectives of taking the islands of Kiriwina, Woodlark and the Trobriand islands. When proposed back to the joint chiefs, to everyone's amazement King accepted the revised Elkon plan with little compliant. The final directive went out on March 28th, officially canceling the 3 stage drive to rabaul. Instead the objectives for 1943 would be first Woodlark and Kiriwina, then the Madang-Salamaua-Finschhafen triangle and New Britain, and finally the Solomons + southern Bougainville. For the first time in the Pacific war, there was an agreed-to strategy for winning in the southwest pacific. In the mind of MacArthur, who you can imagine was only thinking about the Philippines, he had achieved his plan to direct the war where he wanted it and he had a surprising naval ally in Bull Halsey. The Elkon plan would eventually be called operation Cartwheel   I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. Operation Cartwheel was greenlit and it showcased MacArthur could under extremely rare circumstances, make peace with his true enemy during the Pacific War, the United States Navy. Yes MacArthur would be able to direct the war, at least for a bit, to where he wanted it, the Philippines.

1.  Intro  2. Evolution  3. WW2,  all grown up  4. The Funnies  5. C20 & C21 - Battles  6. Ukraine  7. ps In ExtremisJamie goes solo to keep you up to speed with tech, tactics and time honoured aspects in war, conflict and adversity.  These 'Bloody Bites' are short podcast episodes which will hopefully answer a few questions thrown up in our general podcast discussions. A kind of  BVH glossary.Let us know if you would like to hear Jamie's take on a particular topic.  talk@bloodyviolenthistory.comSo It GoesTom Assheton & James Jackson See also:YouTube: BloodyViolentHistoryhttps://www.instagram.com/bloodyviolenthistory/https://www.jamesjacksonbooks.comhttps://www.tomtom.co.uk If you enjoy the podcast, would you please leave a short review on Apple Podcasts/iTunes, Spotify or Google Podcast App? It takes less than 60 seconds, and it really helps to spread the wordSee https://simplecast.com/privacy/ for privacy information

Last time we spoke about the successful execution of operation KE and the battle of Wau. Operation KE was a success and the Japanese had managed to evacuate 10652 men. Simultaneously while Operation KE was going on, the Japanese had refocused on New Guinea and sought to secure their important bases at Lae and Salamaua. In order to secure them the Japanese commenced a new offensive, this time aimed at Wau which held a significant airfield that could be used to threaten Lae and Salamaua. The Japanese managed to land significant forces to hit Wau, but the Australians tenaciously held them back long enough to get reinforcements to Wau to push the Japanese back. The Japanese offensive turned into a catastrophic failure, yet despite being pushed back the Japanese would regroup and plan another offensive to take Wau. But for today we are diving back into the CBI theater. This episode is the First Chindits Expedition: Operation Longcloth  Welcome to the Pacific War Podcast Week by Week, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about world war two? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on world war two and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel you can find a few videos all the way from the Opium Wars of the 1800's until the end of the Pacific War in 1945.    The story of Operation Longcloth and the actions that will take place in Burma require us to talk about some notable figures, one who is to put it frankly, a very bizarre but fascinating man. Orde Wingate was born into a military family in February of 1903, his father was a religious fundamentalist who became a member of the Plymouth Brethren. Wingate and his 6 siblings experienced a very repressed childhood and were kept away from other children for fear of spiritual contamination and would endure a regime of religious mania spending entire days reading and memorizing the Old Testament. For Orde, the religious indoctrination was accompanied by a spirit-shrinking spartan regime, something like a secular boot camp. When his family moved to Godalming, in 1916, Orde was sent to a Charterhouse school. He was very much an outsider there and did not mix with the other children nor participated in any sports. Then in 1921 he was accepted into the Royal Military academy at Woolwich, training as an officer in the Royal Artillery. At this point he suffered a salient trauma, Wingate began breaking all the rules and underwent a ritual known as “running”. The other military students summoned Wingate from his room, stripped him naked and had him run between lines of senior students who whacked him with knotted towels before he was tossed into a tank of icy water, it was the good old running the gauntlet. Wingate would stare the other boys right in the eyes and define them to do their worst to him. Many were intimidated by this and ceased hitting him as a result. Then Wingate would toss himself into the icy water tank. Wingate had thus shown himself to be a student of note at an early age.  By 1923 Wingate received his commission as a gunnery officer and a post at Salisbury Plain where he soon gained a reputation for being a skilled horseman and particularly good at the fox hunt.  But many who knew of him described him to have a dark side, yet again he always broke the rules and conventions. This became more of an issue by 1926 when he took a post at the military school of Equitation where he became very alienated by his peers and superiors by his arrogant insubordination. But Wingate enjoyed a powerful patronage for at this point in his life his fathers first cousin, “Cousin Rex”, Sir Reginald Wingate, the former Governor-General of Sudan and High commissioner in Egypt took him under his wing. Wingate took leave and began studying Arabic at the London School of Oriental and African Studies and then served in Sudan and Ethiopia. He also carried on a 5 year affair with a woman named Enid Peggy Jelley, to whom he got secretly engaged. But after 6 years after boarding the liner Cathay at Port Said, returning for his marriage to Peggy, he fell in love with a 16 year old girl named Lorna Paterson who was traveling home from Australia. As soon as he got home to Peggy he notified her he was in love with another.    Wingate married Lorna in 1935, a woman 13 years younger. In 1936 Wingate became an intelligence officer with the British Mandate in Palestine and almost immediately became an ardent Zionist, though he was not himself Jewish. Palestine at this time had an enormous Jewish population since the end of the first world war and a large influx of those fleeing Nazi Germany in the 1930s. The Arab population saw them as a future threat and guerilla groups sprang up. Archibald Wavell the newly arrived commander in chief in Palestine had Wingate form the Special Night Squads (SNS) to combat Arab terrorism. Wingate was an early proponent of using paramilitary actions at night to induce a unique and singular terror in his enemies. He got the SNS to use slavering dogs, a very calculated piece of cruelty since the animals were regarded as unclean by Muslims. The SNS were basically legitimizing Zionist counterterrorism, using Jewish thugs to strike back at Arab thugs.  Wingate performed war crimes and horrible atrocities while leading the SNS and was recalled. This should have been the end to his career, but Wavell and Sir Edmund Ironside kept making up excuses to cover for criticisms against him. These two men managed to get Wingate back into the game by 1941 where he was brought over to Ethiopia to help fight against the Italians. Backed by Wavell, he attempted another go at the SNS, this time named the Gideon Force, a band of irregulars made up of British, Sudanese, Ethiopians and some ex SNS. Wingates force proved spectacularly successful and this time with no controversy. But still because of his tactlessness and insubordination, Wingate ended up getting whisked out of Ethiopia at the end of hostilities.  Wingate found himself in Cairo in a major depression, he tried to kill himself with a Ethiopian knife but was saved by a man who drove him to the hospital. There is considerable evidence to suggest Wingate was bipolar and had experienced an acute episode of downswing for his manic-depression. Wingates enemies and critiques were delighted at the news of his downfall and hoped he would be court-martialed and tossed into an asylum, but Wingates backers prompted him up yet again. His suicide attempt was attributed to delirium induced by malaria, but as Churchill's personal physician Lord Moran would write in his diary about Wingate ‘Wingate seemed to be hardly sane . . . in medical jargon a borderline case.'  Wingate was certainly a bizarre person, he was also an exhibitionist and extremely eccentric as many sources put it. He was careless in dress, always unkempt, had zero respect for military convention and hierarchy and expected his superiors to satisfy his every whim. When General Auchinlack succeeded Wavell as commander in chief in the middle east he met Wingate who came to his office in shorts, with a dirty solar topi and a greasy blue jacket. Wingate loved to go around camps naked, often appearing out of a shower nude to bark orders at other men. He liked to wear an alarm clock around his wrist that would go off on odd occasions for no particular reason that anyone could figure out. He was rarely seen with his trademark Wolseley helmet and fly whisk. He carried on a string around his neck a raw onion which he occasional snacked upon, cant make that one up people. He had a lot of food fads which he imposed upon his subordinates, such as vegetarianism. He rarely changed his clothes and thought doing laundry was unnecessary.  Wingate went through a limbo period until 1942 where Wavell asked for his services to help in South-East Asia. Originally Wingate was told he would be training Chiang kai-sheks forces guerrilla warfare and he was quite unenthusiastic for 2 reasons. 1) such an endeavor he deemed to be like teaching one's grandmother to suck eggs. 2) he wondered what the point was of sending a Middle East expert to the CBI theater? Yet as of February the 27th Wingate found himself departing to be the liberator of Delhi with the rank of major. It would take 3 weeks for him to get over to Wavell and by that time Rangoon had fallen. Wavell told him that his job had thus changed, now he would be in charge of all guerilla operations against the Japanese within Burma.Wingate was sent to Maymyo east of Mandalay to take over the Bush Warfare School being run by another colorful character named Michael Mad Mike Calvert. Calvert was coming back to Maymyo, returning from a failed operation and found Wingate sitting at his desk. Calvert glared at him and asked who he was and calmly Wingate simply stated his name. And would you know it, they got on perfectly fine and even became friends. The two men both decided their first task should be to go down to see Slim at Prome. Slim had met Wingate back in East Africa in 1940, both men serving under Wavell against the Italians. Upon discussing the matters of organized guerilla groups, Slim agreed to some of Wingates ideas but doubted his Ethiopian experience would be relevant for the task. As Slim was becoming very aware, jungle warfare in Burma was a special type of beast. Wingate was very impressed by Slim and said of the man ‘There is only one soldier worthy of the name East of Suez. He is a bad-tempered little terrier by the name of Slim.' When Chiang Kai-shek was departing back to China after a visit in March, Wingate managed to take a seat on the plan alongside him, hoping to learn about warfare in Burma from the generalissimo. However their aircraft was chased by Japanese fighters, ruining times for conversation. Wingate was informed at Chongqing that he would not be receiving Chinese fighters for his programs as they were now going to Stillwell as a result of the catastrophe in Burma. When he returned to Burma he was informed by Calvert they had sent 100 Bush warfare people into the Irrawaddy and only 11 survived, things were chaotic to say the least. Wingate then took Calvert for a week long car tour of the Burmese frontier making careful notes of animals, insects, reptiles, and terrain details. In Delhi on april 24th, Wingate announced he no longer had any interest on training a guerrilla group, but instead wanted to create a more proactive long-range penetration (LRP0 group. He had 3 major motifs for this, 1) the Japanese troops behind the lines had to be inferior to those as the front, thus the British should get behind. 2) They needed to use communications based on radio and supplied by air. 3) They had to cut the Japanese supply lines and destroy their arms dumps, thus typing up disproportionate numbers of the enemy. He continuously made his case to his superiors and many thought him nuts to think he could train men for jungle warfare in just 8 weeks time. But Wingate kept pushing for it, insisting also that all the men must be volunteers and that he needed at minimum 3000 men.  The finer points of his idea brought up the need to supply special units with airdrops, not a particularly new idea, but certainly a gung-ho one. His superiors wanted to outright reject his ideas, but Wavell yet again was championing his cause. Wingate won out the day and it was agreed to allocate men to his project. The 77th Indian brigade was formed and it was certainly a motley collection. The main British component was the 13th battalion of the King's liverpool regiment raised in Glasgow, Manchester and Liverpool in 1941. These were older, married men with no dreams of martial glory, typically employed in the coastal defense of Britain then suddenly shipped to India after the Japanese went supernova in the east. They displayed a lack of enthusiasm for Wingates ideas, many of them were also too old for jungle combat. Wingate rejected 250 of them off the bat and Wavell gave permission to fill the gaps with other units. The rest would come from two oriental units,the first being the 2nd battalion Burma rifles. These were mainly warriors from anti-Japanese hill tribes, the Kachins, Chins, Karens and such, those personally affected by Japans aggression and eager for payback. They were eager and better yet, they taught Wingate a lot about jungle warfare. The other were Gurkhas whom always held high regard amongst the British, though Wingate thought them arrogant, ill-disciplined and overrated. I find that truly bizarre, because all literature i have ever read about Gurkha's troops has been nothing, but praise and something out of a Rambo film. One historian of the Gurkhas said of Wingate ‘Wingate was the only officer in 130 years of service ever to criticise the performance of Gurkha soldiers, characterising them as mentally unsuited for their role as Chindits. Of course the same might be said of Wingate.' Likewise the Gurkhas found Wingate arrogant, overly domineering and someone who paid little heed to them who had vastly more experience fighting in Burma. They also really did not like him because of his rude and autocratic treatment of them.  Wingate divided his force into 8 columns each commanded by a major and each given 15 horses and 100 mules. The columns would be sustained by airdrops, thus an RAF signaling section was attached to each. They trained in the central provinces of India and in the Saugur jungle due south of Gwalior. Within the jungle training the idea was to hit the men with every possible scenario they might face, to push them to the absolute limit. They endured hell. Encounters with giant snakes, mosquitoes, leeches, days filled with half rations deliberately to simulate living off airdrops. Men collapsed from heat, marching with full packs through vegetation. When the monsoons hit, they were marching through mud, rivers and torrential rain. Many days began at 6am with half an hours bayonet drill, followed by unarmed combat. After breakfast they learnt woodcraft, map reading, compass reading, how to forage and distinguish poisonous plants. They learnt how to blow up bridges, lay ambushes, how to storm airfields, how to properly clear paths in jungles, it was grueling.  From the beginning of the training programme there were sickness levels allegedly as high as 70%. Wingate was ruthless, in the case of those saying they were suffering from dysentery, he ordered his officers into the bathrooms to inspect the mens stools to prove if they were lying. Amongst many of his enemies, the Medical Corps would be a large one. Wingate continued to alienate himself and made more and more enemies. At one point Wingate misunderstood the Burmese word for Lion “chinthe” as Chindit and declared it to be the name of his LRP group henceforth, thus they became known as the Chindits. His Burmese aide, Sao Man Hpa told him the word made no sense in Burmese, to which Wingate told the man Chinthe made no sense in English.  Wingate defeated the 70 percent rate of illness, bringing down to a 3 percent, via brutal methodology, most genuinely ill men simply carried on too afraid to be punished. Wingates eccentric qualities spread amongst the men, like his necessity to wear shorts in the rain, to eat raw onions, and to keep a bunch of buffalo to milk because he believed their milk had salubrious qualities. Wingate should have been sacked at countless times, but the rubicon had been crossed and he was expected to lead his men by 1943. By December of 1942, the Chindits and Wingate were ready for action. They had been trained to carry 70 pounds on a march, were equipped with tropical uniform: army bots, mosquito nets, mess tins, sterilizing kits, each man had a rifle or Bren gun plus 50 rounds of .303 ammunition and 6 days worth of rations. The rations were 12 wholemeal biscuits, 2 ounces of nuts and raisins, 2 ounces of cheese, 4 ounces of dates, 2 ounces of chocolate, 20 cigarettes (which greatly annoyed Wingate as he deemed smoking a major hinderance), tea, sugar, powdered milk, salt and vitamin C tablets. The mules of his forces carried 3 inch mortars, ammunition, wireless radio sets and batteries. His force of 8000 were divided into 8 columns of around 400 men each: consisting of 3 rifle platoons, a support platoon with 2-3 inch mortars, 2 Vickers medium machine guns, a mule transport platoon and an RAF air liaison detachment. In addition he had 10 platoons for reconnaissance, scouting and sabotage operations. Now originally Wingates force was supposed to be part of a 3 pronged offensive, utilizing conventional British forces attacking Akyab and the ARakan while the Ledo and Yunnan forces led by Stilwell would secure northern Burma and reopen the land route to China. As we all know during this series, Burma was a colossal mess. Originally 4 Corps would assault Sitang and Kalewa while 15 Corps attacked Akyab and Arakan, but shortages in labour, transport and lack of skilled hands led to the cancellation of the major project. Even worse, Chiang Kai-Shek, greatly pissed off by the decisions made during the Casablanca conference, refused to sanction a Chinese expedition from Yunnan. With all hopes for the great 1943 offensive dashed, Wavell had to consider whether the Chindits were even relevant anymore. Wavell arrived to Wingates HQ on February 7th after countlessly telling the man things were simply postponed. In a 2 hour meeting Wingate fought bitterly to send his men into the fray, but Wavell stated he could not be party to the pointless waste of lives. Wingate made multiple arguments for sending his boys in, 1) cancellation would boost defeatism in the Indian army: 2) it was essential for the British to overcome their current ignorance of Japanese jungle fighting: 3) Fort Hertz, the remaining British outpost in Burma was in desperate need of relief: 4) without a Chindit crossing, the Japanese would dominate the jungle on either side of the Chindwin river: 5) the 77th brigade was not pitch perfect and any delay would be catastrophic to morale: 6) An attack by the 77th brigade would impair and set back Japanese preparations for an offensive. Wavell apparently impressed by Wingates enthusiasm agreed to let the Chindits have their day. The Chindits were not directed south-east to help with the Arakan operation, instead their assignments were to be to cut two railways, one between Myitkyina and Mandalay in northern Burma and the other, the Mandalay-Lashio line. The codename of the operation was Longcloth, which annoyed Wingate because it held no grandiloquence he sought.  In early february the 7 Chindit columns marched south east from Imphal to Moreh on the Assam/Burma border. Once across the border they split into 2 groups, the southern group consisting of columns 1 and 2, around 1000 men and 250 mules which was a feint to throw off the Japanese and the Northern group consisting of columns 3,4,5,7 and 8, around 2000 men and 850 mules who would destroy the railways. Small patrols were sent across the Chindwin marching some 30 miles into enemy territory and coming back without any incident, however doing that with 3000 men was another matter entirely. On February 13th, an advance party of the Northern group crossed at Tonhe around 50 miles north to act as a a doubled bluff to cover for the southern groups feint. Meanwhile a disinformation party with the southern group marched south and ordered a huge quantity of supplies from a village known to be aiding the Japanese, providing a great ruse. The second wave of 2000 men from the Northern group crossed the Chindwin unopposed on the 14th.  Crossing the Chindwin was not easy, while elephants and bullocks swam across with ease, the pack mules proved very skittish, most likely fearing crocodiles. Getting them to the far bank was a nightmare. The southern group also had its problems with their mule. They had the first task of ambushing a 250 strong Japanese garrison at Maingnyaung on the 18th, but ran into a skirmish with a Japanese patrol before they made it there. The enemy was thus alerted and bombarded them with mortars, this spooked the mules and the caused a stampede. Many mules were lost in the jungle, the element of surprise with it and the fiasco cost the southern group a delay of 3 days. The southern group slowly pulled away from the hill country east of the Chindwin, making for the Mandalay-Myitkyina railway. By the night of the 3rd of March they were ambushed in the Mu valley. It was a utter disaster. Radios, ciphers and most of their equipment were lost. Column 2 was almost annihilated, column 1 limped on to the banks of the Irrawady awaiting final orders from Wingate, who instead kept blaming their commander, Major Burnett. As for column 2 he said “the disaster to No. 2 Column, was easily avoidable and would never have taken place had the commander concerned understood the doctrines of penetration”.  Meanwhile Wingate and the Northern group rendezvoused 5 miles inland from the Chindwin and received their parachute drops. Wingate then pondered his options, he could make for Tonmakeng where intelligence reported no enemy presence and wait for the next supply drop and attack the 200 strong Japanese garrison at Sinlamaung or they could bypass it and head into the Mu valley. He kept the men marching and some of his scouts reported a Japanese garrison was at a gold mining village called Metkalet 15 miles east of the Chindwin near Tonmakeng. He ordered columns 3 and 5 under Calvert and Fergusson to attack at once. Then another disaster struck. Fergusson's column got stuck in a swamp and scouts returned again with a new report that no Japanese garrison was in Matkalet after all. So Wingate and Calvert directed the columns to Tonmakeng. Wingates thinking was it was better to strike at an enemy strength he knew, rather than the Mu valley which was an unknown. They reached Tonmakeng without further incident by february 22nd and learnt a Japanese garrison was at Sinlamaung, 10 miles away so WIngate dispatched 3 columns to attack it while the rest of the men waiting for a supply drop expected 3 days away. Disaster struck. The 3 columns were unable to locate Sinlamaung after 3 days and when they finally found it on the 25th, the Japanese garrison had just pulled out. Wingate met with his officers and they decided to march to Zibyutaungdan with Calverts column 3 in the lead. On March 1st they made it to Zibyutaungdan and then proceeded to descend into the Mu Valley. Wingate then ordered the Northern group to disperse into its columns and rendezvous later at the Irrawaddy or beyond. He also dispatched an advance party across the Irrawaddy to the Kachin highlands northeast of Mandalay to try and raise a guerrilla force among the pro-british people there.  By the night of March 3rd disaster struck. At the very same time the southern group was being ambushed, column 4 walked into an ambush, 2 miles west of Pinbon. Major R.B Bromhead, a descendant of the Bromhead famous for fighting the Zulu at Rorke's drift in 1879, did his best to get his panicked mules with their Gurkha handlers to disperse and regroup at a rendezvous point hoping to get help from columns 7 and 8, but while trying to do so, the men were attacked again and by the time they reached the rallying point columns 7 and 8 had moved on. With no food or radios and just a handful of mules left, the column had no choice but to retreat back to India. Within a days time, columns 2 and 4 were broken and on their way back to India. Wingate was livid, his credibility was at stake, but fortunately for him and his men the Japanese assumed when they whipped out Column 2 they had destroyed the entire invasion effort. By March 6th, Calvert and Fergussons columns were within striking distance of the Wuntho-Indaw railway. Calvert and Fergusson hatched a bold and daring plan to assault what was a 800 strong garrison at Pinlebu. They spoke with Major Walter Scott leading Column 8 and told him to attack Punlebu while they supervised a massive supply drop north-east of the town. The idea was that the attackers and supply collectors would support another. Doing so they would set up roadblocks to the north and east of Pinlebu and call upon the RAF to bombard the town, making the Japanese believe they were facing a huge force. The attack turned into an amazing success. The Japanese were quickly confused as Calvert and Fergusson had the railway line demolished. It was a bloody fight, but the line was blown up in several places. The Japanese counterattacked in force trying to stop the demolition. Calverts men also mined 2 railway bridges, one of them a 3-span 120 footer. In the bloody mayhem, Calvert and Fergussons men killed about a third of the Pinlebu defenders and cut railway lines in 70 separate places. During the evening Fergussons column no 5 blew up the 40 foot rail bridge at Bongyaung gorge, leading also to hundreds of rock and rubble going over railway lines around the gorge. Now 10 mites north of Wuntho, Wingate established his HQ in the Babwe Taung hills. He had a tough decision to make, should he retreat back to India or press further and cross the Irrawaddy? Wingate even considered turning his HQ into a new fort like Fort Hertz, to try and push the Japanese to give up the Irrawaddy towns. Wingate as you probably have guessed went with option number 2, despite how unbelievably dangerous it was. The Japanese were hard on their tail as the Chindits made their way trying to cross the Irrawady river. This is where I have to leave our story of the Chindits, but they will come back throughout the war.  We need to make a small detour to speak about the Casablanca conference that took place from January 14 to the 24th. Chiang Kai-Shek had been begging the Americans and British for more aid. FDR told Chiang Kai-shek he would champion his demands to Churchill at the Casablanca Conference, but Churchill brushed this all aside. The conference ended with two large decisions, the first being the controversial doctrine of unconditional surrender. The allies were now confident after the success of operation Torch, the victories at Alamein and at Stalingrad that the Germans were on the run. But over in southeast asia, the Japanese looked impregnable. Thus the 2nd decision made was basically to keep the Europe First course steaming ahead, the Pacific was simply second banana. But for America, the situation in the Pacific had distinctly changed, they had won the initiative and now sought to consolidate their conquests in the east. Admiral King applied considerable pressure to the matter, in private he began urging that if the Pacific did not get 30% of allied resource quote “it would necessitate the US regretfully withdrawing from the commitments in the European theater”. Admiral King wanted to continue the momentum in the Pacific by seizing the Solomones, the eastern New Guinea-Rabaul area, capture back Kiska and the Attu islands in the Aleutians begin operations in the Gilberts, Marshalls, Carolines, take Truk and extend the occupation of New Guinea to the Dutch borders. The British opposed this as they continued to argue the best course was to defeat Germany first then devote all resources against Japan. Now as for the CBI theater, plans were continuing for Operation Anakim and the Burma offensive, but the British were not looking to extend their commitments in the theater very much. They argued that the depleted condition of the eastern fleet prevented them from carrying on a naval supremacy campaign in the Bay of Bengal, and this led Chiang Kai-shek to refuse to support an offensive through northern burma, because of the lack of British naval forces at hand. Thus operation Anakim looked like it was only going to get off in late 1943. For all the failures of the conference, FDR did try to remedy the situation as best as he could with their Chinese allies. FDR made it known he wanted to treat China as a great power that the allies would help build up for the current war and postwar. He also acknowledged the dramatic need to keep supply routes to China open. Stilwell advised 5000 tons of supplies be sent over the Hump per month as a goal to hit by February of 1943, this would require 140 aircraft during good weather and 300 aircraft during monsoon seasons. But Washington at this time could only spare 75 aircraft, another disappointment to Chiang Kai-shek. Another important side aspect to the Casablanca conference was brought forward by Generals Charles de Gaulle and Henri Giraud who were vying to become recognized partners to the allies with their Free French Forces. Until this point, the Japanese had a pretty awkward relationship with their technical ally, Vichy France. This awkward situation led them to simply ignore the Free French forces and by proxy they decided to not touch the French concession of Guangzhouwan which had declared itself part of Free France. French Indochina of course was fully invaded prior to 1941 and remained under nominal Vichy French control, but Guangzhouwan was beginning to stick out like a sore thumb. Chiang Kai-shek recognized Free France's authority over Guangzhouwan and many Chinese forces of the 4th Area Army led by General Zhang Fukui fled into the concession to escape the Japanese. This drew Tokyo's attention and they finally decided to put an end to the Free French presence in China. The 23rd army of General Sakai lent 2 battalions of the 23rd independent mixed brigade from Hong Kong to go over to the Luichow Peninsula. They landed at the village of Peichatsun on February 17th and began skirmishing with some Chinese defenders. They soon overwhelmed the defenders and seized the towns of Hsinlaitsun and Haikang, forcing the Chinese to withdraw towards Suichi. From there the Japanese continued north, seizing Suichi and Chihkan. After these seizures, the Japanese had fully encircled the French concession of Guangzhouwan. The Japanese and representatives of Guangzhouwan soon fell into negotiations and the Free French were forced to declare the concession an open city, allowing the Japanese to occupy it without a fight.   I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. The eccentric or better said madman Wingate got his wish to send the Chindits into the fray, despite just about no one other than Wavell wanting him to do so. With Onions wrapped around their necks they made their first strike against a Japanese railway and it was a surprising mixed success. 

Al and James go back to their roots and attempt to answer as many audience questions as they can. Up for discussion is the New Zealand 24th Battalion, Harold Alexander's Alamein memoirs and the reliability of allied kit.A Goalhanger Films ProductionProduced by Harry Lineker Exec Producer: Tony PastorTwitter: #WeHaveWays @WeHaveWaysPodWebsite: wehavewayspod.comEmail: wehavewayspod@gmail.com Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Do commanders matter? Were the British generals effective or "foppish"? How did the Allies rebound from huge losses such as the Battle of Dunkirk to victories like Alamein and D-Day? Tom and Dominic are joined by Al Murray to discuss all this and more, following the release of Al's new book Command: How the Allies Learned to Win the Second World War. If you want to buy Al's book, it is available at all good book stores or online.Join The Rest Is History Club (www.restishistorypod.com) for ad-free listening to the full archive, weekly bonus episodes, live streamed shows and access to an exclusive chatroom community.Twitter:@TheRestHistory@holland_tom@dcsandbrookEmail: restishistorypod@gmail.com Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

To remember 80 years since the start of the Second Battle of El Alamein, We Have Ways are releasing a week's worth of specials about the North African battle.On the third day of the series, Al and James talk about The First Battle of Alamein.A Goalhanger Films ProductionProduced by Joey McCarthyExec Producer: Tony PastorTwitter: #WeHaveWays @WeHaveWaysPodWebsite: wehavewayspod.comEmail: wehavewayspod@gmail.com Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

För 80 år sedan inträffade den första av andra världskrigets stora vändpunkter, slaget vid el-Alamein i Nordafrika. I det här avsnittet går vi igenom ökenkriget och dess bakgrund fram till de två slagen vid el Alamein där vågskålen tippar över från den 23 oktober 1942. Vi möter legendariska namn som ökenräven Erwin Rommel och ökenråttan Bernard Montgommery. Lyssna på våra avsnitt fritt från reklam: https://plus.acast.com/s/historiepodden. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

La linea del fronte che divide le forze italo-tedesche da quelle britanniche è tra la cittadina di el-Alamein e la terribile depressione di el-Qattara. Gli italiani vanno all'attacco ma ben presto si comprende che non sarà semplice superare gli sbarramenti predisposti dagli inglesi. Dopo settimane si scontri violenti, nel pieno di un'estate rovente, la battaglia entra in una fase di stallo. Mentre i nostri soldati affidano ai loro scritti tutta la disperazione del momento, Mussolini è costretto a ripartire senza il trionfo che sognava.

Pokuah Frimpong, & Lachie Flannigan are joined by fellow FV Commentator Oscar Rutherford to recap a Round 17 that saw late drama at Lakeside between South Melbourne and Alamein, Heidelberg keeping their spot atop the NPLW table and Calder getting a commanding Monday night win over Bulleen.

This episode looks at the the principles of employment for artillery 2nd Alamein and is part of our Battles of Alamein series. We discuss Why the German artillery performed so poorly. How Montgomery's use of artillery replicated the principles of war today; and How integration was achieved with the manvoeuvre plan Check out the show notes for the podcast for all of the information that we cover in this episode as well as the images and other details that didn't make it into the podcast.

This episode looks at the Counter Battery battle at 2nd Alamein and is part of our Battles of Alamein series. Ramsay and Kirkman denied Axis Artillery the ability to interfere with the commencement of Op Lightfoot.  How did they do it and what role did the 4th Survey (Durham) Regiment play, along with the Desert Air Force and Engineers in constructing a process to find and neutralise Axis Artillery. How was the fire plan developed to support the infantry as they crossed the LD? Check out the show notes for the podcast for all of the information that we cover in this episode as well as the images and other details that didn't make it into the podcast.

This episode looks at the development of artillery doctrine leading up to 2nd Battle of El Alamein. 2nd Alamein was the apogee of Australian Artillery in the Second World War and we will look at the role that BRIG Ramsay from 9th Div Arty built a team and capability to support the 9th Div and MAJ GEN Morshead. The lessons learnt from Ex Bumper - the largest exercise ever conducted by the British Army in preparation for a German invasion of England. The required improvements in artillery C2 Centralisation at the Divisional and higher level. The lack of the AGRA - the Army Group Royal Artillery. Montgomery, who had fought in WW1, understood the impact that artillery can have and was keen to restore it's capability to delivery decisive effects on the battlefield.  How did he do this? Check out the show notes for the podcast for all of the information that we cover in this episode as well as the images and other details that didn't make it into the podcast.

We look at the roles of Artillery, including how it integrated with all of the Forces within 8th Army. 2nd Alamein is the apogee of Australian Artillery in the Second World War and we will look at the role that BRIG Ramsay from 9th Div Arty built a team and capability to support the 9th Div and MAJ GEN Morshead. We will look at: Field Artillery Medium and Heavy Artillery Anti Aircraft Artillery Survey Anti Tank Artillery Met Comms C2 Check out the show notes for the podcast for all of the information that we cover in this episode as well as the images and other details that didn't make it into the podcast.  

El 10 de junio de 1940 la Italia de Benito Mussolini declaró la guerra al Reino Unido y Francia. En aquel momento el ejército francés se encontraba en plena retirada tras la invasión alemana que había comenzado sólo un mes antes. El Reino Unido, por su parte, se encontraba totalmente sobrepasado. Había tenido que salir huyendo del continente repatriando a toda prisa a su contingente en Dunquerque y se preparaba para resistir el ataque alemán que se tenía por inminente. Parecía el mejor momento para entrar en la guerra del lado del vencedor cuando ésta se encontraba ya prácticamente decidida. Que Italia tomase partido no afectaba demasiado a los aliados en Europa Occidental (Francia se encontraba derrotada y Gran Bretaña quedaba muy lejos de Italia), pero si abría un nuevo teatro de operaciones en el Mediterráneo, los Balcanes y el norte de África. En aquella época el continente africano se encontraba colonizado en su práctica totalidad por potencias europeas. En la costa africana del Mediterráneo convivían cuatro potencias: el Reino Unido en Egipto, Italia en Libia, Francia en Túnez y Argelia y España la zona septentrional de Marruecos. Libia se convertía así en el principal bastión del eje en el norte de África. La Argelia francesa y el protectorado de Túnez se mantuvieron leales al Gobierno de Vichy presidido por el mariscal Petain y el protectorado español en Marruecos dependía de un régimen, el de Francisco Franco, claramente afín al Tercer Reich. Sólo quedaba Egipto del lado aliado. Egipto era un reino independiente, al menos oficialmente, desde 1922. El rey Faruq se había declarado neutral al empezar la contienda, pero el Reino Unido controlaba el canal de Suez por lo que su influencia era decisiva en la política egipcia. Contemplando como había quedado el mapa, los estrategas alemanes pronto advirtieron que, con la retaguardia cubierta, si una ofensiva lo suficientemente vigorosa avanzaba desde Libia hasta Egipto podían cortar de cuajo el contacto del Reino Unido con la India y sus colonias de extremo oriente. Sería esa una contribución decisiva que, combinada con el control del estrecho de Gibraltar y de islas como Malta o Creta, sacaría a la Royal Navy del Mediterráneo estrangulando así la economía británica. Este fue el origen de uno de los teatros de operaciones más duros de la segunda guerra mundial, la campaña del norte de África en la que se enfrentaron alemanes e italianos contra los británicos en batallas míticas bajo el sol abrasador del desierto del Sahara como el sitio de Tobruk o las dos batallas del Alamein. Winston Churchill lo consideró desde el principio como un frente prioritario sabedor de la importancia que el canal de Suez tenía para la supervivencia de la metrópoli. Envió efectivos desde Gran Bretaña y desde todo el imperio, incluyendo remotas colonias como la India, Australia o Nueva Zelanda. A su frente colocó al general de infantería Bernard Montgomery, un veterano de la primera guerra mundial. Para reforzar a los italianos Adolf Hitler envió a un cuerpo expedicionario de unos 100.000 hombres llamado Afrika Korps al mando de Erwin Rommel, uno de sus mejores generales que ya había participado en las campañas de Polonia y Francia. Tanto Montgomery como Rommel imprimieron su personalísimo sello a toda la campaña del norte de África. Trataron de hacer una guerra limpia y caballerosa en la que, en líneas generales, se respetó a la población civil. Es por ello que los historiadores la conocen como “la guerra sin odio” y esto mismo es lo que vamos a ver con más detalle en La ContraHistoria de hoy. En El ContraSello: - La cueva de Zeus en Creta - La República de Weimar - El bioscopio Bibliografía: - "El camino hacia la victoria" de Douglas Porch - https://amzn.to/38pYUL5 - "Un ejército al amanecer" de Rick Atkinson - https://amzn.to/3wawSMZ - "La guerra de Mussolini" de John Gooch - https://amzn.to/3lbtta5 - "Afrika Korps. Los guerreros de Rommel" de Juan Vázquez García - https://amzn.to/3Mc9dBk >>> “La ContraHistoria de España. Auge, caída y vuelta a empezar de un país en 28 episodios”… https://amzn.to/3kXcZ6i >>> “Lutero, Calvino y Trento, la Reforma que no fue”… https://amzn.to/3shKOlK Apoya La Contra en: · Patreon... https://www.patreon.com/diazvillanueva · iVoox... https://www.ivoox.com/podcast-contracronica_sq_f1267769_1.html · Paypal... https://www.paypal.me/diazvillanueva Sígueme en: · Web... https://diazvillanueva.com · Twitter... https://twitter.com/diazvillanueva · Facebook... https://www.facebook.com/fernandodiazvillanueva1/ · Instagram... https://www.instagram.com/diazvillanueva · Linkedin… https://www.linkedin.com/in/fernando-d%C3%ADaz-villanueva-7303865/ · Flickr... https://www.flickr.com/photos/147276463@N05/?/ · Pinterest... https://www.pinterest.com/fernandodiazvillanueva Encuentra mis libros en: · Amazon... https://www.amazon.es/Fernando-Diaz-Villanueva/e/B00J2ASBXM #FernandoDiazVillanueva #SegundaGuerraMundial #Africa Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

Field Marshall Erwin Rommel, the famed "Desert Fox,' was a German officer and reputed to be Hitler's favorite general. At the outbreak of World War II, Rommel was given command of the troops that guarded Hitler's headquarters, which was a disappointment for a man used to fighting on the front lines with the infantry. But in early 1940, he was given a chance to put to use his gifts, when he was given command of the 7th Panzer Division. Although a novice as far as mechanized forces were concerned, he soon mastered the advantages and proved his leadership abilities again in the German offensive against the French channel coast in May. In early 1941, Rommel was placed in command of the Afrikakorps and sent to North Africa to aid Germany's ailing ally, Italy, in maintaining its position in Libya. It is here, in the deserts of North Africa, that Rommel earned his vaunted reputation, as well as his nickname, for his fox-like tactics. Winning significant victories against the British, it wasn't until a second battle to take el-Alamein in Egypt went against him that the “invincible” general was finally called home back to Europe. Hitler put Rommel back in northern France, to guard against an Allied invasion. Rommel's suggestions for the precautions necessary to repel an enemy invasion were not taken seriously, and he began to lose confidence in Hitler and Germany's ability to win the war. He assessed the support from his field commanders for removing Hitler from power and was also approached by colleagues to actually take the reins of government when Hitler was deposed. On D-Day, Rommel's prediction of disaster for Germany's position played itself out. Still, Hitler would not consider negotiations with the Allies. Rommel ended up in the hospital after his car was attacked by British bombers and he was forced off the road. Meanwhile, details of a failed assassination plot had come to Hitler's attention, including Rommel's contact with the conspirators. As Rommel was convalescing in his home at Herrlingen, two generals visited and offered him his choice: a public show trial or take his own life. Show notes at https://thedigressionpodcast.com/70 Sound Off! With a comment or a question at https://thedigressionpodcast.com/soundoff Like the show? Leave a 5-star rating and review: https://thedigressionpodcast.com/review Become a Patron or support the show in other ways at: https://thedigressionpodcast.com/donate Or just share our podcast with a friend! It's the best way to grow the show!!

¿Cómo fue el repliegue de Rommel por África? ¿Por qué fue derrotado en el Alamein? ¿Tenía alguna opción de establecer alguna defensa sólida en Tobruk, Bengasi o Trípoli tal y como le pedían? ¿Cuál era su plan cuando se entero del desembarco en la costa de Marruecos y Argelia? A continuación, en este programa vamos a resolver todas estas incógnitas, a la que sumaremos todos los enfrentamientos que tuvo con sus superiores que chocaban frontalmente con su planteamiento. Programa completo en You Tube con Imagenes aquí: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RgX2sBiK3iM

Striderna i Nordafrika under andra världskriget åren 1941-42 pendlade fram och tillbaka. Italienska katastrofer och tyska framgångar varvades med brittiska segrar och bakslag. Tyskarna leddes av den legendariske ”ökenräven” Rommel som fick uppgiften att hjälpa italienarna och krossa de brittiska styrkorna i Egypten.Men britterna förstärkte sina trupper och skickade fältmarskalken Montgomery och i oktober 1942 utkämpades det veckolånga slaget vid el-Alamein som slutligen ledde till ett tysk-italienskt nederlag.I detta avsnitt av Militärhistoriepodden diskuterar Martin Hårdstedt och Peter Bennesved krigföringen i Nordafrika från hösten 1941 till vändpunkten i oktober 1942. Kriget fördes i huvudsak i den smala Nordafrikanska kustremsan och längs kustvägen som förband de mindre och större hamnstäderna mellan Alexandria och Kairo i öster och Tripoli i väster.Kriget i Nordafrika hade i och med det vänt och britterna kunde notera sin första verkliga seger till lands efter två år av svåra motgångar. Detta var inte ”början på slutet eller ens slutet på början” som Churchill uttryckte saken, men ändå ett viktigt steg mot det som de allierade fast trodde på – den slutliga segern över Hitlertyskland.Manöverutrymmet var litet. Kriget fördes med pansarkolonner på kustvägen. Taktiken var att vid sidan om vägen försöka kringgå motståndaren och kom in bakom en stor del av den fientliga styrkan. Problemet var att dessa försök oftast misslyckades och den som riskerade att ringas in helt enkelt bara retirerade.Slaget vid el-Alamein i oktober 1942 skapade förutsättningar för britterna att för första gången låsa fast de tyska och italienska trupperna och besegra dem innan de hann retirera. Slaget blev därför ett en lång utdragen kamp som krävde stora förluster på båda sidor. Till slut lyckades Rommel lösgöra sina trupper som kraftig decimerade retirerade västerut. Britterna följde efter och det skulle visa sig att detta var vändpunkten i kriget i Nordafrika.Krigföringen ställde även stora krav på införsel av förnödenheter, ammunition och förstärkningar sjövägen till hamnarna på Afrikas nordkust. Både de allierade (britter och trupper från samväldet) och axelmakterna var beroende av de sårbara konvojerna över Medelhavet. Kriget i Nordafrika var därför en del av andra världskriget i hela medelhavsområdet. En förutsättning för britternas slutliga seger i oktober 1942 var att de lyckats slå ut de italienska flottstridskrafterna och dessutom de franska örlogsfartyg som fanns i Medelhavet – de senare hotade att falla i tyskarnas händer efter Frankrikes fall.Kriget i Nordafrika understöddes även av amerikanerna som från december 1941 var i krig med Tyskland. Det var med amerikanska stridsvagnar som britterna vann segern vid el-Alamein. Nästa fas i kriget i Nordafrika var en gemensam landstigning som slutligen kastade ut tyskarna och möjliggjorde landstigningen på Sicilien.De som vill fördjupa sig kan med fördel läsa Ken Fords El Alamein 1942: the turning of the tide i den välillustrerade Osprey-serien. På svenska finns Karl-Gunnar Noréns El Alamein: vändpunkten i Nordafrika under andra världskriget (2005). See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Agradece a este podcast tantas horas de entretenimiento y disfruta de episodios exclusivos como éste. ¡Apóyale en iVoox! El 27 regimiento panzer disciplinario han vencido en el Alamein junto al Afrika Korps. Ahora pasaran aventuras en burdeles de El Cairo, la brutal batalla por el Canal de Suez, y finalmente la búsqueda del Arca de la alianza en Jerusalem. Fanfic de Sven Hassel Índice: 1. Descanso en las pirámides 2. La batalla de Suez 3. Aventura en Jerusalem y el tesoro del Templo 4. Comentario Contacto: ficcionhistoriapodcast@gmail.com Telegram: https://t.me/HistoriaFiccionChat Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ficcionhistoria/ Twitter: @ficcionhistoria Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC8LXvT2vus9IQ1Sad-bjVsg Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/historiaficcion • Créditos música the-path-of-the-goblin-king, The Curtain Rises, ibn-al-noor, tabuk, crowd-hammer, clash defiant, the descent, satiate, crossing-the-chasm, by Kevin Macleod, on hold for you (incompetech) Link: https://filmmusic.io/song/7078- the-path-of-the-goblin-king License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ winter by MusicLFiles Link: https://filmmusic.io/song/7078-winter License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Otras piezas musicales Canción final “Auferstanden Aus Ruinen - DDR Anthem English Translation” youtube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P1CyPjQQTAM Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

Los hombres del 27 regimiento panzer disciplinario combatirán junto al Afrika Korps en el Alamein 1942. Conoceremos los pormenores de estos los soldados y sus aventuras en Egipto. Fanfic de Sven Hassel. Índice: 1. Desde Tobruk a El Alamein 2. La batalla del Alamein: la Colina Ruweisat. 3. La batalla del Alamein, el momento decisivo. 4. Marcha a el Cairo y asalto al Nilo 5. Comentario Contacto: ficcionhistoriapodcast@gmail.com Telegram: https://t.me/HistoriaFiccionChat Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ficcionhistoria/ Twitter: @ficcionhistoria Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC8LXvT2vus9IQ1Sad-bjVsg Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/historiaficcion • Créditos música the-path-of-the-goblin-king, The Curtain Rises, satiate, energizing, amazing-plan, by Kevin Macleod, on hold for you (incompetech) Link: https://filmmusic.io/song/7078- the-path-of-the-goblin-king License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Scott Buckley - Stars In Her Skies [Orchestral] is released under CC BY 4.0 Music provided by BreakingCopyright: https://youtu.be/HdBYkaOsLaI 🎶 Canción: Miguel Johnson - Good Day To Die Música proporcionada por MSC: http://bit.ly/msc-accion "Keys Of Moon - Time and Space" is under a Creative Commons (CC BY 3.0) license. Music promoted by BreakingCopyright: https://youtu.be/AWWRvXDeLNY 🎶 Canción: Scott Buckley - Star In Her Sky Música proporcionada por MSC: https://bit.ly/msc-cinematografica Otras piezas musicales Canción final “Senderos de Gloria” Kubrick 1957 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=owz8wzMhprI Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

Las tropas del Afrika Korps vencerán la batalla del Alamein en julio de 1942. El avance del eje en África continuará y exploraremos una posible sucesión de acontecimientos que cambiarán el destino de Oriente medio y de toda la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Índice: 1. Libia Italiana y la preguerra 2. El asalto a Malta junio 1940 3. La ofensiva italiana en África sept 1940 4. Rommel llega a África. 5. La Batalla del Alamein Jul 1942 6. La batalla de Suez Sept 1942 7. Turquía. 8. La campaña de Palestina Contacto: ficcionhistoriapodcast@gmail.com Telegram: https://t.me/HistoriaFiccionChat Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ficcionhistoria/ Twitter: @ficcionhistoria Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC8LXvT2vus9IQ1Sad-bjVsg Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/historiaficcion • Créditos the-path-of-the-goblin-king, The Curtain Rises, Clash Defiant, oppressive-gloom, by Kevin Macleod, on hold for you (incompetech) Link: https://filmmusic.io/song/7078- the-path-of-the-goblin-king License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Night Of Mystery by Alexander Nakarada | https://www.serpentsoundstudios.com Music promoted by https://www.free-stock-music.com attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) 🎶 Canción: Miguel Johnson - Good Day To Die Música proporcionada por MSC: http://bit.ly/msc-accion 🎶 Canción: Savfk - The Travelling Symphony Música proporcionada por MSC: https://bit.ly/msc-epica Otras piezas musicales Himno de Italia, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Lxc7IkwxEI&t=28s Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

Are you a monarchist? What if Julie Dolan was named Queen of the Week? Or Rebekah Stott for that matter? Listen in as guest co-host Fatima Flores, Nordic Steffen and lockdown 5.0 Cheryl jump into another week of football banter. Guest: Julie Dolan AMWe're not sure it gets any better than this as we talk to our mate Julie about the Olympics and 2023.Julie Dolan was the first-ever captain (Cap 1) of the Australian Women's National Team, with 34 appearances for the Matildas including eighteen international matches between 1978-1988. Dolan is recognised as football royalty and has a plethora of awards and acknowledgements including Captain of FFA's 1979-89 Team of the Decade (2013).In 1988, the Julie Dolan Medal was announced by the Australian Women's Soccer Association to recognise the best player in the league. In 1999 Julie Dolan was inducted into Football Federation Australia's Hall of Fame. Dolan is also the recipient of the Queen Elizabeth II Australian Sports Medal and is an OAM (2018).Hot TopicsTokyo Olympics are here (fingers crossed)Matildas v Japan resultFAWSL fixtures released 23/7Around the WorldNordicNorway Toppserien Round 9(9) Klepp IL (Nikola Orgill) played Kolbotn away on the weekend, with a second successive 3-0 loss. Nikola was not on the match card, having strained a hammy last week. (4) LSK Kvinner FK (Karly Roestbakken) drew 1-1 at home against champs Vålerenga, who lost influential captain Sherida Spitse to Dutch football (Ajax) this season and were also without Elise Thorsnes for this game, well known to Canberra United fans. LSK looked like they were good for the win but a bizarre goal equalised the game with just over 10 minutes to go, as Norwegian left-back Emilie Woldwik headed the ball powerfully onto the side of the head of forward Celin Bizet inside the penalty area, only to see the ball loop into the top left corner, leaving the LSK keeper no chance. The results see both teams tied on 19 points, with Vålerenga just ahead on goal difference. Karly is returning to Norway this week.No games now till August 7 Iceland Round 10(3) UMF Selfoss (Emma Checker) First win for Emma as captain, 1-0 at home vs Keflavik (one of the promoted teams) further indicating they may be coming out of a slump. They retain 3rd place and play Þór/KA (‘Thor') on July 21. NPLW RoundupNSW and Victoria's NPLW competitions are still in lockdown, but there's still football around Australia including:ACT - Round 14Round 14 marks the end of the second full round, 1 full round to goGungahlin United vs Canberra Croatia postponed due to state of pitchWest Canberra Wanderers 0-3 Belconnen United, 2 goals to Keira BobbinCanberra Olympic 4-0 Tuggeranong United, hattie to Anna VandenbrouckeCanberra United Academy 6-0, braces to Bessie Riethmuller - played well as a new focal point of attack; these were her first goals in the top grade but she has been scoring freely in Ressies - and Sofia ChristophersonAcademy jump back into the top 4 at West Canberra's expense VIC - NIKE FC CupJust prior to lockdown, the Nike FC Cup quarterfinals saw Calder United, Bulleen Lions and Box Hill United progress to the semi-finals, while the last quarter-final match between Casey Comets and South Melbourne FC is up in the air due to COVID exposure.Calder defeated Alamein 4-0The return of Stotty Bulleen defeated Melbourne Uni 5-0 - HighlightsBox Hill United 5-1 over Melbourne KnightsA player involved in tonight's match has been identified as a secondary close contact through an exposure site. The matter was discussed between the two clubs. The match has not proceeded and we will share more information when it is available.— South Melbourne FC (@smfc) July 14, 2021Queen of the WeekSteffen singles out USWNT captain Becky Sauerbrunn, sure it's good, but is it as good as Stotty's return? Don't forget we're live on Facebook on Monday evenings and you can subscribe to the Beyond 90 Podcast on iTunes, Spotify & Google Podcasts or anywhere you listen. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Winger turned wingback Bella Edwards joins the show after playing her first two games for the club. She discusses her return from a stress fracture, the demands of her new position, her respect for coach Dan Foden that led her to join from Alamein, and playing in front of big crowds for the first time.

Winger turned wingback Bella Edwards joins the show after playing her first two games for the club. She discusses her return from a stress fracture, the demands of her new position, her respect for coach Dan Foden that led her to join from Alamein, and playing in front of big crowds for the first time. Josh sent Today at 10:17 PM The Female Football Week celebrations continue with Girls U14 coach Bill Stavereski, and players Freija Garraway and Sophia Marinos. U21s attacker Marko Dimoski and U19s utility Darien Beleski have teamed up to coach the U10s as part of their SEDA College training. They share their experiences as coaches, players, and fans of the Preston Lions Football Club. And finally, South African-born winger Bradley Blumenthal outlines how Louie Acevski finally enticed him to the club, and how big he realised the club really is once he arrived! With his first goal coming against North Sunshine, Brad is loving the atmosphere, the style of play, and the camaraderie at Preston, and can’t wait to face Box Hill on Friday night under the BT Connor lights.

Alessandro Barbero partecipa ad una discussione sulle famose due battaglie di El Alamein, in Egitto, che videro contrapposte l'Asse italo-tedesco e gli Alleati capitanati dal Regno Unito. Fonte: youtube.com/watch?v=g0XZi_Qslgs============== Tutti gli audio disponibili sono utilizzati dopo previo consenso e accordo con i distributori originali di altre piattaforme e/o distribuiti con licenze CC BY 4.0 e affini, viene sempre riportata la fonte. I titoli potrebbero variare.

DEUTSCHES AFRIKASCORPS KNIGHTS CROSS WINNERGünter Halm (1922-2017) discusses with James Holland and Rob Schäfer his fascinating wartime memories. He was a veteran of the Second World War who fought under Rommel in the Deutsches Afrikakorps, and who won the Knight's Cross for his part in the First Battle of Alamein in July 1942, and later served in Normandy. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

The second battle of El Alamein took place over 23 October to 4 November 1942.  The battle saw the Allied Eighth Army commanded by General Montgomery breach an obstacle belt and defeat their opponents in the desert.  Speaking of the victory Prime Minister Winston Churchill famously declared “before Alamein we... The post Maximising Fighting Power: Eighth Army at Alamein 1942 appeared first on Wavell Room.

Peter and Gary continue to tell the gripping tale of the South Notts Hussars, as they regroup and prepare for the Battle of El Alamein in 1942. Presenters: Peter Hart and Gary Bain Publisher: Mat McLachlan Producer: Jess Stebnicki For more great history content, visit www.LivingHistoryTV.com, or subscribe to our YouTube channel at www.youtube.com/c/LivingHistoryTV Peter Hart's Military History is a Living History production.

General Paulus' Sixth Army has been stymied in its quest to drive the Red Army out of the city – his last attack which began in mid-October has stalled. He's running low on both men and ammunition. The meat grinder that is Stalingrad has caused a 60% casualty rate in some German divisions – sometimes higher. There are few reinforcements. But that's not true of the Russians who are building up two forces. One to the north of Stalingrad near the Don River, and the other south of the city. It doesn't take much to realise what the Soviets are going to do. German and Romanian intelligence has picked up on the troop movements but General Paulus and Adolf Hitler appear largely unconcerned. Then came the news on the 2nd November that the British had defeated Rommel at el Alamein in north Africa. A few days later came the Anglo-American landing in French north Africa news of which reached Adolf Hitler just before he was to address his party comrades at the Munich Beer Cellar. That was where the Reich was launched in a failed putsh or coup attempt that started on November 8th 1923. It ended with Hitler thrown into prison. Now almost twenty years later Hitler was heading back to the Beer hall where he would deliver one of his most tone-deaf speeches in the midst of Stalingrad death and destruction. The speech of course was broadcast to the Sixth Army divisions hiding behind rubble and now facing a terrible winter. Word of the defeat at el Alamein as well as the American landings in Algeria shocked the German public. They had been fed copious amounts of propaganda about how swimmingly the war was going – to learn that the beloved Rommel had been outwitted by Field Marshal Montgomery caused a sudden shudder to ripple through the citizens of the Reich. Propaganda and its consquences by themselves rarely win wars – or political battles. Eventually the truth descends upon those who lie and cheat, eventually the people of the nation realise the folly of fatally flawed leadership. Back at General Chuikov's headquarters hewn out of the Volga bank, officers of the 62nd army were discussing a strange reality. Why had the Germans not supported their flanks? Both south and north of the city the German's were facing hundreds of miles of extended front with a dangerously exposed Sixth Army wedge which had formed from the Don to the West and into Stalingrad.

393: Before Alamein // Spiritual Lessons from WW2 48 (Eric Ludy) Speaker: Eric Ludy Series: Spiritual Lessons from WW2 Study: 48: Before Alamein This is the forty-eighth installment in Eric’s series entitled Spiritual Lessons from WW2. In this episode he examines the critical hinge point in the war for Great Britain that unfolded in a place called El Alamein. Up until October 23, 1942 everything militarily for Great Britain had basically proven disastrous. And though this long season of difficulty was arduous for the Brits, it also served a tremendous purpose. And so in our lives, the season “before Alamein” has tremendous worth and it causes us to more fully appreciate and value of the victory that unfurls “after Alamein”.

393: Before Alamein // Spiritual Lessons from WW2 48 (Eric Ludy) Speaker: Eric Ludy Series: Spiritual Lessons from WW2 Study: 48: Before Alamein This is the forty-eighth installment in Eric’s series entitled Spiritual Lessons from WW2. In this episode he examines the critical hinge point in the war for Great Britain that unfolded in a place called El Alamein. Up until October 23, 1942 everything militarily for Great Britain had basically proven disastrous. And though this long season of difficulty was arduous for the Brits, it also served a tremendous purpose. And so in our lives, the season “before Alamein” has tremendous worth and it causes us to more fully appreciate and value of the victory that unfurls “after Alamein”. Support this podcast

El Alamein la storia di casa nostraContinua il racconto di Marco Cimmino,il nostro storico che insieme a Gianluigi Leonici parlano delle battaglie nel deserto EgizianoUna campagna questa moltodifferente dal frote russoma uglalmente pensata male e solo per il coraggiodi questi nostri fratelli non èfita nel peggiore dei modiLa medadaglia d'oro di oggiè dedicata a Sergio BrescianiMed.Oro al Val. Mili.In memoria dei Figli del Piave.Ragazzi nati dal 1914 al 1920

Show Notes This week, we recap, review, and analyze Mobile Suit Zeta Gundam (機動戦士Ζガンダム) episode 28 - The Jupitris Infiltration (ジュピトリス潜入), discuss our first impressions, and provide commentary and research on physical deception and women spies. We are joined by guest-voice Adam Black, who asked us to link to One Earth Sanga, and organization he works with that "expresses a Buddhist response to ecological crises." - Wikipedia page for Operation Bodyguard, comprised of Operations Fortitude and Quicksilver.- Wikipedia page for the 23rd Headquarters Special Troops (aka the "Ghost Army"), American deception specialists operating in Europe after D-Day.- A collection of historical materials about the 23rd Headquarters. - The 23rd Headquarter's most famous alumnus, fashion designer extraordinaire Bill Blass.- An overview on dummy tanks. - New York Times article about modern Russian inflatable dummies:Andrew E. Kramer, A New Weapon in Russia’s Arsenal, and It’s Inflatable. New York Times article, Oct. 12, 2016. Available at https://nyti.ms/2dWBU8A- Some modern inflatable dummy manufacturers, so you can see pictures of just how real they look (and in case you want your own). - Books about the Second Battle of El Alamein:John Latimer, Alamein. Harvard UP (2002).James Lucas, War in the Desert: the Eighth Army at El Alamein. Beaufort (New York 1982). - Wikipedia page for Operation Bertram.- Articles and books on Operation Bertram:Rickard, J (21 April 2017), Operation Bertram, http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/operation_bertram.htmlPeter Forbes, Dazzled and Deceived: Mimicry and Camouflage. Yale UP (2011).Rick Stroud, The Phantom Army of Alamein: The Men Who Hoodwinked Rommel. A&C Black (2013)- US Naval War College page on women in espionage, with lots of great links to books, articles, and websites with additional information.- Wikipedia category page for “female wartime spies.”- Wikipedia page for “sexpionage” with definition and famous examples.- Article from The Washington Post about sexpionage in the Cold War:Dobbs, Michael. “SEXPIONAGE WHY WE CAN'T RESIST THOSE KGB SIRENS.” The Washington Post, 12 Apr. 1987.- Journal article:Martin, Amy J. “America’s Evolution of Women and Their Roles in the Intelligence Community.” Journal of Strategic Security, vol. 8, no. 3, 2015, pp. 99–109. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/26465249. Accessed 8 Jan. 2020.- More recent articles from Forbes and The Guardian about perceived strengths and advantages of women as spies.- Brief discussion of the history of women in the CIA, culminating with the appointment of Gina Haspel as Director of the CIA in 2018.- Article from The Atlantic, reviewing several books about women in espionage. Includes good excerpts with anecdotes about famous women spies and some of the thought process behind using women for espionage work:Mundy, Liza. “Female Spies and Their Secrets.” The Atlantic, June 2019. Accessed at https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2019/06/female-spies-world-war-ii/588058/.- Article with stories of specific women spies:Jarvis, Erika. “Five Badass Female Spies Who Deserve Their Own World War II Movie.” Vanity Fair, 26 Nov. 2016. Accessed at https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2016/11/allied-world-war-2-female-spy-movies- And more stories of amazing women spies.- Defense Intelligence Agency short bios of women in espionage, page 1 and page 2.- The music in the ABC (AEUG Broadcasting Channel) is:Gemini (Instrumental Version) by Josh Woodward, licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License. You can subscribe to the Mobile Suit Breakdown for free! on fine Podcast services everywhere and on YouTube, follow us on twitter @gundampodcast, check us out at gundampodcast.com, email your questions, comments, and complaints to gundampodcast@gmail.com.Mobile Suit Breakdown wouldn't exist without the support of our fans and Patrons! You can join our Patreon to support the podcast and enjoy bonus episodes, extra out-takes, behind-the-scenes photo and video, MSB gear, and much more!The intro music is WASP by Misha Dioxin, and the outro is Long Way Home by Spinning Ratio, both licensed under Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 license. Both have been edited for length. Mobile Suit Breakdown provides critical commentary and is protected by the Fair Use clause of the United States Copyright law. Gundam content is copyright and/or trademark of Sunrise Inc., Bandai, Sotsu Agency, or its original creator. Mobile Suit Breakdown is in no way affiliated with or endorsed by Sunrise, Bandai, Sotsu, or any of their subsidiaries, employees, or associates and makes no claim to own Gundam or any of the copyrights or trademarks related to it. Copyrighted content used in Mobile Suit Breakdown is used in accordance with the Fair Use clause of the United States Copyright law. Any queries should be directed to gundampodcast@gmail.comFind out more at http://gundampodcast.com

Mat joins Dr Karl James, Head of Military History at the Australian War Memorial, for a guided tour of the 1941 gallery. Karl gives his unique perspective on key items in the museum's collection, and the picture they paint of fighting in North Africa in 1941. Highlights include an artwork depicting the capture of Bardia, an improvised anti-aircraft battery on a truck, a dramatic diorama of the Siege of Tobruk, the only item recovered from the lost HMAS Sydney, General Montgomery's distinctive slouch hat, and the first Victoria Cross awarded to an Australian in WW2. For more great history content, visit www.LivingHistoryTV.com, or subscribe to our YouTube channel at www.youtube.com/c/LivingHistoryTV

Agradece a este podcast tantas horas de entretenimiento y disfruta de episodios exclusivos como éste. ¡Apóyale en iVoox! La saga que hemos realizado en NdG, se va aproximando a su final, os dejo con el penúltimo programa de esta serie de ESaú Rodríguez Delgado para NdG Rommel ha sido derrotado en el Alamein, con pocos carros de combate y una luftwaffe que apenas tiene presencia en el aire, las tropas del Eje se van retirando mientras combaten a los británicos que les persiguen sin descanso. Además se han producido los desembarcos en el Marruecos Francés. Túnez se convertirá en el último reducto del eje en África Musica: Fallen Soldier,licencia gratuita, de Biz Baz Estudio Licencia Creative Commons Música: Unser Rommel, Fragmentos de la Pelicula El zorro del Desierto Fuentes: Un trabajo de Esaú Rodríguez Delgado Productora: Vega Gonzalez Director /Colaborador: Sergio Murata Espero que os guste y os animo a suscribiros, dar likes, y compartir en redes sociales y a seguirnos por facebook y/o twitter. Recordad que esta disponible la opción de Suscriptor Fan , donde podréis acceder a programas en exclusiva. Podéis opinar a través de ivoox, en twitter @Niebladeguerra1 y ver el material adicional a través de facebook https://www.facebook.com/sergio.murata.77 o por mail a niebladeguerraprograma@hotmail.com Telegram Si quieres acceder a él sigue este enlace https://t.me/niebladeguerra Además tenemos un grupo de convesación, donde otros compañeros, podcaster ,colaboradores y yo, tratamos temas diversos de historia, algún pequeño juego y lo que sea, siempre que sea serio y sin ofensas ni bobadas. Si te interesa entrar , a través del canal de Niebla de Guerra en Telegram, podrás acceder al grupo. También podrás a través de este enlace (O eso creo ) https://t.me/joinchat/Jw1FyBNQPOZtEKjgkh8vXg Algunos podcast amigos LA BIBLIOTECA DE LA HISTORIA https://www.ivoox.com/biblioteca-de-la-historia_sq_f1566125_1.html RELATOS SALVAJES https://www.ivoox.com/relatos-salvajes_sq_f1470115_1.html CASUS BELLI https://www.ivoox.com/casus-belli-podcast_sq_f1391278_1.html Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

Al Murray and James Holland mark Remembrance Day by reading an extract of Keith Douglas’s military memoir Alamein to Zem Zem and his poem Vergissmeinnicht (Forget-me-not).#WeHaveWayswehavewayspodcast@gmail.comProducers:Harry Lineker & Joey McCarthyExec Producer: Tony PastorA Goalhanger Films Production See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Agradece a este podcast tantas horas de entretenimiento y disfruta de episodios exclusivos como éste. ¡Apóyale en iVoox! En mi opinión, la batalla del Alamein, decidió prácticamente la campaña del desierto, por lo menos en lo que a la participación del Mariscal Rommel se refiere. Esta batalla se llevó por delante los mejores medios y una gran parte del personal del Afrika Korps, y en el mismo se usaron medios como los detectores de minas pasando a formar parte del arsenal primero de los aliados y posteriormente de los ejercitos de todo el mundo Aquí os dejo el episodio más apasionante de esta saga, estupendamente narrada por Esaú Rodríguez Delgado. Musica: Fallen Soldier,licencia gratuita, de Biz Baz Estudio Licencia Creative Commons Fragmentos del Film, Rommel El zorro del Desierto Fuentes: Un programa de Esaú Rodríguez Delgado Productora: Vega Gonzalez Director /Colaborador: Sergio Murata Espero que os guste y os animo a suscribiros, dar likes, y compartir en redes sociales y a seguirnos por facebook y/o twitter. Recordad que esta disponible la opción de Suscriptor Fan , donde podréis acceder a programas en exclusiva. Podéis opinar a través de ivoox, en twitter @Niebladeguerra1 y ver el material adicional a través de facebook https://www.facebook.com/sergio.murata.77 o por mail a niebladeguerraprograma@hotmail.com Telegram Si quieres acceder a él sigue este enlace https://t.me/niebladeguerra Además tenemos un grupo de convesación, donde otros compañeros, podcaster ,colaboradores y yo, tratamos temas diversos de historia, algún pequeño juego y lo que sea, siempre que sea serio y sin ofensas ni bobadas. Si te interesa entrar , a través del canal de Niebla de Guerra en Telegram, podrás acceder al grupo. También podrás a través de este enlace (O eso creo ) https://t.me/joinchat/Jw1FyBNQPOZtEKjgkh8vXg Algunos podcast amigos LA BIBLIOTECA DE LA HISTORIA https://www.ivoox.com/biblioteca-de-la-historia_sq_f1566125_1.html RELATOS SALVAJES https://www.ivoox.com/relatos-salvajes_sq_f1470115_1.html CASUS BELLI https://www.ivoox.com/casus-belli-podcast_sq_f1391278_1.html Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

If you’ve ever read about the British experience in the Deserts of North Africa during WWII, one name usually gets a mention somewhere in the narrative, that of Eric Dorman-Smith, often refered to as ‘chink’. He can be a divisive character, sometimes portrayed as a far thinking military genius whose ideas were ignored or misunderstood. To others he represents what was problematic with both the senior British commanders Wavell and Auchinleck, whose fortunes rose and fell; he was symptomatic of retreat, reorganisation, confusion and poor leadership. The curious thing about Dorman-Smith is so little is directly written about him, he is a footnote in the books of other desert leaders and often only gets a brief mention in histories of the North Africa Campaign. So hopefully in this episode we’ll shed some light on ‘chink’. Joining me today is James Colvin.  James is currently working on a history of the 8th army pre the battle of Alamein, which will be published by Helion next year (I’ll keep you all posted when it’s released).    

So apparently Christmas eye is as painful as giving birth and thoughts are like trains. Also, you're pretty special.

Agradece a este podcast tantas horas de entretenimiento y disfruta de episodios exclusivos como éste. ¡Apóyale en iVoox! Sexto episodio de "Con Rommel en el Desierto", en esta ocasión, Rommel, después de combatir en Gazala, consigue ocupar Tobruk y empuja a los británicos hasta el Alamein. Musica: Fallen Soldier,licencia gratuita, de Biz Baz Estudio Documentos Instituto Luce italianos de la época Sabaton.- El Alameim. Hymne a la Gloire de Bir Hacheim Fragmentos de la película Rommel, el Zorro del Desierto Fuentes: Un trabajo de Esaú Rodríguez Delgado para Niebla de Guerra Productora: Vega Gonzalez Director /Colaborador: Sergio Murata Espero que os guste y os animo a suscribiros, dar likes, y compartir en redes sociales y a seguirnos por facebook y/o twitter. Recordad que esta disponible la opción de Suscriptor Fan , donde podréis acceder a programas en exclusiva. Podéis opinar a través de ivoox, en twitter @Niebladeguerra1 y ver el material adicional a través de facebook https://www.facebook.com/sergio.murata.77 o por mail a niebladeguerraprograma@hotmail.com Telegram Si quieres acceder a él sigue este enlace https://t.me/niebladeguerra Además tenemos un grupo de conversación, donde otros compañeros, podcaster ,colaboradores y yo, tratamos temas diversos de historia, algún pequeño juego y lo que sea, siempre que sea serio y sin ofensas ni bobadas. Si te interesa entrar , a través del canal de Niebla de Guerra en Telegram, podrás acceder al grupo. También podrás a través de este enlace (O eso creo ) https://t.me/joinchat/Jw1FyBNQPOZtEKjgkh8vXg Algunos podcast amigos: LA BIBLIOTECA DE LA HISTORIA https://www.ivoox.com/biblioteca-de-la-historia_sq_f1566125_1.html RELATOS SALVAJES https://www.ivoox.com/relatos-salvajes_sq_f1470115_1.html CASUS BELLI https://www.ivoox.com/casus-belli-podcast_sq_f1391278_1.html Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals

More coffee with Wilf Shaw of 6th Battalion the Green Howards, 50th infantry division, in the British Army.  Wilf recounts many enchanting, funny and fearsome tales! Also joining us is Wilf’s friend, Lesley Littlewood, whose father was in WW2 as a Bren gunner. Wilf was in many campaigns including fighting for Monty’s 8th army at Alamein, Wadi Akarit in Tunisia, Sicily and of course Normandy. He was wounded twice and still returned to battle! More great unpublished history - of the Second World War. Links - Not supported by all podcast players: Please take my MOBILE survey! I’d be grateful for any feedback on the Fighting Through Podcast.  Replies are completely anonymous. Only 9 simple questions, so do please take a shufty! https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/699R789. Link to feedback/reviews Thank you. Facebook page Full show notes at www.FightingThroughPodcast.co.uk. A WWII military history podcast on Wilf Shaw's diary and memoirs. Recorded 2016 in Manchester, UK.   Best podcast for World War 2 history and the second world war

A coffee with Wilf Shaw of 6th Battalion the Green Howards, 50th infantry division, in the British Army.  Also joining us is Wilf’s friend, Lesley Littlewood, whose father was also in WW2 as a Bren gunner with 56 Reconnaisance battalion, part of 78th Division. Wilf was in many campaigns including fighting for Monty’s 8th army at Alamein, Wadi Akarit in Tunisia, Sicily and of course Normandy. He was wounded twice and still returned to battle! More great unpublished history - of the Second World War. Links - Not supported by all podcast players: Facebook page Please take my MOBILE survey! I’d be grateful for any feedback on the Fighting Through Podcast, or even early comments on the survey itself.  Replies are completely anonymous. Only 9 simple questions, so do please take a shufty! https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/699R789. Link to feedback/reviews Thank you. Full show notes at www.FightingThroughPodcast.co.uk A WWII military history podcast on Wilf Shaw's diary and memoirs. Recorded 2016 in Manchester, UK. Please note that photos below may or may not display depending on which listening platform you’re using.   Best podcast for World War 2 history and the second world war

Recorded 25 October 2017. October 23 marked the 75th anniversary of the Battle of El Alamein, one of the turning points of the Second World War. The 9th Australian Division was crucial to the victory of Montgomery’s 8th Army at Alamein. Although the Australians represented only 10 per cent of the 8th Army, they suffered 20 per cent of its casualties in what an admiring British general described as ‘homeric fighting.’ Dr Mark Johnston, author of several books about the 9th Division and Alamein, explains why General Montgomery later acknowledged that he could not have won the battle without ‘that magnificent 9th Australian Division.’

Al Murray brought his immense knowledge to bear in defence of Field Marshal Montgomery of Alamein, discussing the life, career, great victories and controversies of Britain’s most famous wartime general.Recorded at Chalke Valley History Festival 2017.www.cvhf.org.uk See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Al Murray brought his immense knowledge to bear in defence of Field Marshal Montgomery of Alamein, discussing the life, career, great victories and controversies of Britain’s most famous wartime general.Recorded at Chalke Valley History Festival 2017.www.cvhf.org.uk See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Günter Halm was an anti-tank gunner who served in North Africa under Rommel and later in Normandy, and received his Knight’s Cross for destroying nine British tanks at Alamein in July 1942. He was awarded his medal by Field Marshal Rommel in person.Recorded at Chalke Valley History Festival 2016.www.cvhf.org.uk See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Günter Halm was an anti-tank gunner who served in North Africa under Rommel and later in Normandy, and received his Knight’s Cross for destroying nine British tanks at Alamein in July 1942. He was awarded his medal by Field Marshal Rommel in person.Recorded at Chalke Valley History Festival 2016.www.cvhf.org.uk See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Photo shopped photo. Scrub the dust of your shoes, write your "Deir Jane" letter, figure out wadi you talking about, then prepare yourself for the second episode of The 2 Half-Squads that covers the desert rules that were released in the Advanced Squad Leader module West of Alamein.  That was the one that introduced the desert stuff. We dust off our desert terrain rules and cover Scrub

The memories of a Legion D'Honneur veteran A chat with Wilf Shaw of 6th Battalion the Green Howards, 50th infantry division, in the British Army.  Wilf fought in many campaigns including fighting for Monty’s 8th army in Alamein, Wadi Akarit in Tunisia, Sicily and of course Normandy. He was wounded twice and still returned to battle! This is the fourth episode in the WWII podcast series Fighting Through from Dunkirk to Hamburg, based around the book of the same name which features Bill Cheall's World War 2 memoirs. More great unpublished history - of the Second World War. Links - Not supported by all podcast players: Please rate and review - Thanks! Best podcast for World War 2 history and the second world war Facebook page A WWII military history podcast on Wilf Shaw's diary and memoirs. Recorded April 2016 in Manchester, UK Full show notes and photos at www.FightingThroughPodcast.co.uk Please note that photos below may or may not display depending on which listening platform you’re using.

In early 1943 the tide of the Second World War was turning in favour of the allies, following victories in North Africa. At Casablanca the British and the Americans met to discuss their two conflicting views of the future conduct of the war. The British approach triumphed, giving Churchill's strategy the upper hand but it was the beginning of the end of Britain's wartime influence. New Ebook titles: The Communist Century - http://www.amazon.co.uk/The-Communist-Century-Revolution-Series-ebook/dp/B00IN6PY40/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1393664105&sr=8-1&keywords=chris+kostov George Orwell - http://www.amazon.co.uk/George-Orwell-Explaining-History-Century-ebook/dp/B00HLRW8YQ/ref=sr_1_18?ie=UTF8&qid=1388484876&sr=8-18&keywords=julia+routledge See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Vuelve la Historia al Podcast de la Aldea Irreductible y lo hace en forma de una de esas batallas que tanto os están gustando. En esta ocasión no viajaremos muy lejos, nos desplazaremos al siglo XX para descubrir los entresijos de una de las batallas clave de la Segunda Guerra Mundial.El enfrentamiento entre dos generales brillantes y carismáticos.Rommel y Montgomery se ven las caras con el desierto como testigo.Y para este Podcast he intentado ir un poco más allá y vuelven las colaboraciones.Dos grandes voces darán vida por unos momentos a los estrategas en conflicto...Quiero agradecerles de antemano su participación y su total entrega al meterse en la piel de los generales.Por un lado, Jose Antonio Blanco que repite actuación en estos archivos sonoros interpretando a la perfección el papel del comandante británico Bernard Montgomery.En las filas alemanas hay una nueva incorporación que encarna como nadie el espíritu intuitivo y personal de Erwin Rommel... Su voz no es muy conocida, sin embargo y aunque es la primera vez que se adentra en el mundo de los podcast, se ha portado como un profesional...Así pues, nos adentramos hoy en las arenas del Sáhara, nos subimos a uno de aquellos panzers fantasmas y revivimos la épica campaña africana que significó un cambio fundamental en la sucesión de acontecimientos de la segunda guerra mundial.Como siempre, espero que os guste. Un saludo.DESCARGAR EL PODCAST:- 83MB DESCARGA DIRECTA FORMATO .MP3- 30MB DESCARGA DIRECTA FORMATO .OGG- 83MB DESCARGA EN FORMATO COMPRIMIDO .ZIP- 83MB DESCARGA MEDIANTE MEGAUPLOAD- DESCARGA DESDE IVOOX- DESCARGA EN OTROS FORMATOS- DESCARGA EN iTUNESLas Músicas utilizadas en este Podcast están bajo Licencia Creative Commons:- Butterfly Tea- DJ Fab- Canción: Country de Garp------------------------------------------------------SUSCRIBETE AL PODCAST DE HISTORIA Y CIENCIALA ALDEA IRREDUCTIBLE

This is atwo player hex and counter wargame ( boardgame ) based on the WWII conflict in africa. It has a low counter density and would be a good introduction to the hex and counter genre.The games homepage( http://lcoat.tripod.com/1alampag.htm )The game at Board Game Geek( http://www.boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/12018 )Download the show

Roy Plomley's castaway is field marshal Viscount Montgomery of Alamein. Favourite track: Sei Nicht Bos (from Der Obersteiger) by Carl Zeller Book: The History of Warfare by Viscount Montgomery of Alamein Luxury: Piano