Podcasts about royalists

The Adultery Act, passed into British law on 14th May, 1650, made having sex with a married woman a crime so severe it was punishable by death – but only for her.  Radical groups like the Ranters mocked Puritan prudishness, Royalists called the law joyless and tyrannical, and Presbyterians argued the law would be impossible to apply fairly. But the Puritans needed something everyone could rally around – and sexual sin was an easy target.  Those who thought the English Civil War had been divine punishment for a sinful nation believed only Old Testament-style legislation could stop society from descending into full-blown chaos. Yet, during the time the law was on the statue books, no one was actually executed. In this episode, Arion, Rebecca and Olly consider the practicalities of proving adultery in a time when no reliable records of marriage existed; explain why sex with your son's wife or daughter's husband was considered incest; and reveal how, in some form, adultery stayed on the books until 2022.... Further Reading: • ‘An Act for suppressing the detestable sins of Incest, Adultery and Fornication' (House of Parliament, 1650): https://www.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/acts-ordinances-interregnum/pp387-389 • 'England's Culture Wars - Puritan Reformation and Its Enemies in the Interregnum, 1649-1660, By B. S. Capp' (OUP, 2012): https://www.google.co.uk/books/edition/England_s_Culture_Wars/d42Z-58lIdcC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=7+Puritans+and+Sex&pg=PA132&printsec=frontcover • '60 Second Lecture Series- "The Puritans Had Sex? Why, Yes, They Did...!" - Kathy Cooke' (Quinnipiac University, 2013): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=faHxWKgtkkw Love the show? Support us!  Join 

His statue may stand proudly outside the Houses of Parliament in London, but in Ireland, Oliver Cromwell is remembered as “the Devil from over the Sea” for the bloodshed he unleashed there from 1649 to 1653.  Rising to prominence as a Parliamentarian during the English Civil Wars, Oliver Cromwell sought revenge against the Catholics who had killed Protestant colonists in Ireland during the rebellion of 1641.  Soon after overseeing the execution of King Charles I, Cromwell feared that Ireland would be used as a backdoor to England by Royalists, and he took violent measures to stop that from happening. The sieges at Drogheda and Wexford saw some of the worst massacres to occur in Irish history. What happened to ordinary people during the misery of the 1650s? And what legacy did the Cromwellian Conquest leave in Ireland? Listen as Anita and William are joined once again by Professor Jane Ohlmeyer, author of Making Empire: Ireland, Imperialism and the Early Modern World, to discuss how Irish Catholics were displaced and dispossessed as a result of the Cromwellian Conquest.   _____________ Empire UK Live Tour: The Booze & Brews live show is going on a UK tour! William and Anita will be discussing the extraordinary history of ordinary drinks such as tea, Indian Pale Ale and gin & tonic, highlighting how interconnected our drinks cabinets are with the British Empire. Tickets are on sale NOW, to buy your tickets head to aegp.uk/EmpireLive2025. Empire Club: Become a member of the Empire Club to receive early access to miniseries, ad-free listening, early access to live show tickets, bonus episodes, book discounts, and a weekly newsletter! Head to empirepoduk.com to sign up or start a free trial on Apple Podcasts. Email: empire@goalhanger.com Instagram: @empirepoduk  Blue Sky: @empirepoduk  X: @empirepoduk goalhanger.com Assistant Producer: Becki Hills Producer: Anouska Lewis Senior Producer: Callum Hill Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Greg Jenner is joined in 17th-Century England by Dr Jonathan Healey and comedian Toussaint Douglass to learn about King Charles I and the causes of the British Civil Wars.This year marks the 400th anniversary of Charles I coming to the throne on 27th March 1625. Less than two decades later, his antagonistic relationship with Parliament would ignite a civil war, one that would end with his capture, trial and execution, and the rule of Oliver Cromwell. The war is remembered as a fight between Cavaliers and Roundheads, but what did each side actually believe in, and what were the causes of this conflict? Tracing the breakdown of the relationship between the King and Parliament, this episode takes in clashes over taxation, religion and the limits of royal power, disastrous wars, unpopular advisers, and Charles's attempts to rule without Parliament altogether. It also moves outside London, exploring popular uprisings against everything from the King's taxes and contentious church reforms to the 17th-Century cost-of-living crisis. If you're a fan of royals behaving badly, political bust-ups, rebellion and revolution, you'll love our episode on the causes of the British Civil Wars.If you want to hear more from Toussaint Douglass, check out our episode on abolitionist Frederick Douglass. And for more Stuart history, listen to our episodes on King James I and VI and scandalous actress Nell Gwyn.You're Dead to Me is the comedy podcast that takes history seriously. Every episode, Greg Jenner brings together the best names in history and comedy to learn and laugh about the past.Hosted by: Greg Jenner Research by: Matt Ryan Written by: Emmie Rose Price-Goodfellow, Emma Nagouse, and Greg Jenner Produced by: Emmie Rose Price-Goodfellow and Greg Jenner Audio Producer: Steve Hankey Production Coordinator: Ben Hollands Senior Producer: Emma Nagouse Executive Editor: James Cook

Royalists despair! The King and Queen have been so displaced from their high positions that they now suffer the indignities of the common folk! They must travel down to the pub in their private train like a peasant, the horror, the shame! How the empire has fallen into such a state of disrepair. This week on the podcast Theo updates Will on his big pudding weekend in New York City, and they discuss Oreo's latest product that some are calling the most Oreo Oreo ever.  Will has stories from across the pond, including horror stories of cling wrap and just generally being out of touch with the world Lastly, they take a trip to the taxidermy shop and end then end on another edition of Amazon Erotica.   Email us at segmentcitypodcast@gmail.com Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCtOxbiSIX1NlSrNMLSqzFqQ

This Day in Legal History: Charles I Placed on TrialOn January 6, 1649, the English Parliament took a momentous step by voting to place King Charles I on trial for high treason. This decision came in the wake of the English Civil War, a prolonged conflict between Royalists, loyal to the king, and Parliamentarians seeking to limit monarchical power. Leading up to the trial, the New Model Army, under Oliver Cromwell, orchestrated "Pride's Purge," expelling Members of Parliament likely to oppose the trial. The remaining assembly, known as the Rump Parliament, convened and authorized the creation of the High Court of Justice, an unprecedented legal body tasked with trying a sitting monarch.The trial marked a dramatic shift in the balance of power, challenging the divine right of kings—a cornerstone of monarchical rule. Charles I was accused of subverting the laws of England and waging war against his own people, charges that he denied, arguing that no court held legitimate authority to judge a king. Despite his defense, the court convicted Charles on January 27, 1649, sentencing him to death. His execution on January 30 sent shockwaves throughout Europe, signaling the emergence of parliamentary sovereignty and temporarily abolishing the monarchy in favor of the Commonwealth under Cromwell.This legal milestone not only altered the trajectory of English governance but also set a precedent for holding leaders accountable to the rule of law. The Supreme Court is expected to play a critical role in assessing the legality of anticipated Trump administration policies, particularly in immigration and administrative law. Immigration policies, such as ending birthright citizenship and mass deportations, are likely to be challenged in court, with outcomes depending on their framing, especially if tied to national security concerns, which the Court tends to view more favorably than economic justifications. The Court's recent decision in Loper Bright Enterprises v. Raimondo, which limited agency power by ending Chevron deference, may have far-reaching implications for both the Biden and Trump administrations. While reducing agencies' regulatory authority aligns with Trump's deregulatory goals, it also empowers blue states and civil rights groups to challenge his policies under stricter judicial scrutiny.Challenges to agency head tenure protections and interpretations of outdated laws could also come before the Court. Trump's potential push to dismantle longstanding precedents like Humphrey's Executor v. United States could make federal agencies more directly accountable to the presidency, further politicizing their functions. Critics note that these shifts in judicial doctrine cut both ways, curbing regulatory power broadly regardless of the administration in power. This duality underscores a tension between conservative goals of limiting administrative overreach and the desire to expedite executive policy-making.Trump Likely to Test Supreme Court on Agency Powers, ImmigrationPresident Joe Biden has permanently barred offshore oil and gas drilling across over 625 million acres of US coastal waters, including the East and West Coasts, parts of the Gulf of Mexico, and sections of the Northern Bering Sea. Citing environmental risks and minimal energy gains, Biden stated the move balances conservation and energy security, ensuring that protecting coastlines and maintaining low energy prices are not mutually exclusive. The decision does not affect existing offshore leases or ongoing drilling in Alaska's Cook Inlet and the central and western Gulf of Mexico, which account for a significant portion of US energy production.Biden's action builds on temporary protections enacted by former President Trump for Florida's Gulf Coast and southeastern waters but makes them indefinite. While praised by environmental advocates and coastal communities, the oil industry criticized the move, arguing that it restricts domestic energy potential and undermines national security. Some politicians from both parties have supported these protections, emphasizing the risks demonstrated by disasters like the 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill.Although Biden's decision relies on a federal law provision that may be difficult to reverse, legal challenges could arise if a future administration attempts to undo the protections. The debate underscores tensions between environmental stewardship and energy independence.Biden Bars Offshore Oil Drilling in US Atlantic and PacificBiden to ban offshore oil, gas drilling in vast areas ahead of Trump term | ReutersThe U.S. Department of Justice has urged the Supreme Court to deny President-elect Donald Trump's request to delay a law requiring TikTok's Chinese owner, ByteDance, to sell its U.S. assets by January 19 or face a nationwide ban. Trump argued for more time after his inauguration to seek a political resolution, while the DOJ countered that ByteDance has not demonstrated it is likely to succeed on the merits of its case. The government emphasized the national security risks of TikTok's data collection on 170 million American users, framing it as a tool for potential espionage.TikTok, however, has requested the Court block the law on First Amendment grounds, claiming it is being unfairly targeted for its content rather than its data practices, especially given Congress's lack of action against other Chinese-owned apps like Shein and Temu. If the law takes effect, new downloads of TikTok will be prohibited, and existing services will degrade over time as companies are barred from providing support. The Biden administration could extend the compliance deadline by 90 days if ByteDance shows significant progress toward divestment. This marks a shift in Trump's stance from 2020, when he sought to ban TikTok over similar concerns. The Supreme Court is set to hear arguments on January 10.Justice Dept. urges Supreme Court to reject Trump request to delay TikTok ban law | ReutersDisney, Fox, and Warner Bros Discovery are appealing a court ruling that blocked the launch of their joint streaming service, Venu Sports, arguing it unfairly restricts competition and consumer choice. The district court previously halted Venu's debut after rival FuboTV sued, claiming the service violated antitrust laws by bundling sports content in a way that would harm competition and raise prices. The district court sided with Fubo, finding that the bundling practices could foreclose other sports-focused services and granted an injunction against Venu's launch.The media companies argue that the ruling denies consumers a lower-cost streaming option aimed at price-sensitive sports fans and protects Fubo from competition. They assert that Venu would increase consumer choice and lower prices. However, the Justice Department and several states have supported the injunction, stating that Venu's creation would consolidate market power among the companies—who control over half of U.S. sports rights—and hinder the emergence of competing sports-only platforms like Fubo.At the heart of the dispute is whether the bundling practices by Disney, Fox, and Warner Bros unfairly disadvantage distributors by tying access to desirable sports content with less popular programming. The appeals court will now decide if the injunction stands.Disney, Fox and Warner Bros to ask court to lift ban on launch of Venu Sports service | Reuters This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.minimumcomp.com/subscribe

George Monck arrives in Scotland, and burns the Royalists out. Join the Mailing List! Join the Patreon House of Lords for ad-free episodes! This episode could not have been written without the following works: Francis Dow, Cromwellian Scotland, 1651-1660, 1999. Martyn Bennet, Oliver Cromwell, 2006. Michael Braddick (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of the English Revolution, 2015. John Coffey, 'Religious Thought', in Michael Braddick (ed.), The Oxford Handbook of the English Revolution, 2015. Barry Coward, The Cromwellian Protectorate, 2002. Paul Lay, Providence Lost: The Rise and Fall of the English Republic, 2020. Anna Keay, The Restless Republic, 2022. John Morrill, The Letters, Writings, and Speeches of Oliver Cromwell, Vol 2: 1 February 1649 to 12 December 1653, 2023 John Kenyon and Jane Ohlmeyer, The Civil Wars: A Military History of England, Scotland, and Ireland, 1638-1660. Alan MacInnes, The British Revolution, 1629-1660, 2004. Ian Gentles, The New Model Army: Agent of Revolution, 2022. Go to AirwaveMedia.com to find other great history shows. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

fWotD Episode 2663: Battle of Winwick Welcome to Featured Wiki of the Day, your daily dose of knowledge from Wikipedia’s finest articles.The featured article for Monday, 19 August 2024 is Battle of Winwick.The Battle of Winwick (also known as the Battle of Red Bank) was fought on 19 August 1648 near the Lancashire village of Winwick between part of a Royalist army under Lieutenant General William Baillie and a Parliamentarian army commanded by Lieutenant General Oliver Cromwell. The Royalists were defeated with all of those who took part in the fighting, their army's entire infantry force, either killed or captured. The Royalist mounted component fled but surrendered five days after the battle. Winwick was the last battle of the Second English Civil War.The First English Civil War between Royalist supporters of Charles I and an alliance of Parliamentarian and Scottish forces ended in 1646 with Charles defeated and a prisoner. He continued to negotiate with several factions among his opponents and this sparked the Second English Civil War in 1648: a series of mutinies and Royalist uprisings in England and Wales, and a Scottish Royalist invasion of north-west England. The invading army was attacked and defeated by a smaller Parliamentarian army at the battle of Preston on 17 August. The majority of the Royalists, mostly Scots, had not been engaged but they fled south, closely pursued by the Parliamentarians, mostly of the New Model Army. On 19 August, hungry, cold, soaking wet, exhausted and short of dry powder, the Scottish infantry turned to fight at Winwick. Their cavalry waited 3 miles (5 km) away at Warrington.The Parliamentarian advance guard was put to flight with heavy casualties. After a lengthy pause, Parliamentarian infantry arrived: they attempted to storm the Scottish position and were thrown back. A full-scale assault was then launched which resulted in more than three hours of furious but indecisive close-quarters fighting. The Parliamentarians fell back again, pinned the Scots in place with their cavalry and sent their infantry on a circuitous flank march. As soon as the Scots saw this force appear on their right flank they broke and fled. Parliamentarian cavalry pursued, killing many. All of the surviving Scots surrendered: their infantry either at Winwick church or in Warrington, their cavalry on 24 August at Uttoxeter. Winwick was the last battle of the war. In its aftermath Charles was beheaded on 30 January 1649 and England became a republic on 19 May.This recording reflects the Wikipedia text as of 01:06 UTC on Monday, 19 August 2024.For the full current version of the article, see Battle of Winwick on Wikipedia.This podcast uses content from Wikipedia under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License.Visit our archives at wikioftheday.com and subscribe to stay updated on new episodes.Follow us on Mastodon at @wikioftheday@masto.ai.Also check out Curmudgeon's Corner, a current events podcast.Until next time, I'm neural Kendra.

England is plunged into conflict. Oliver Cromwell, an obscure politician, soon proves himself an outstanding military commander. King Charles, meanwhile, unveils his own star signing - a dashing young cavalry officer named Prince Rupert. A daring mission featuring the Queen threatens to tip the balance the Royalists' way. But Cromwell's New Model Army will prove itself unstoppable… A Noiser production, written by Jeff Dawson. Many thanks to Peter Gaunt, Clare Jackson, Anna Keay, John Morrill, Nicholas O'Shaughnessy, Micheál Ó Siochrú. This is Part 2 of 4. Get every episode of Real Dictators a week early with Noiser+. You'll also get ad-free listening, bonus material and early access to shows across the Noiser network. Click the Noiser+ banner to get started. Or, if you're on Spotify or Android, go to noiser.com/subscriptions. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Giovanni Battista Rogeri has often been confused with other makers such as the Rugeri family, because of his name, and Giovanni Paolo Maggini, because of his working style. Trained in the famous workshop of Nicolo Amati in Cremona, Rogeri set out to make a name for himself in Brescia creating a Cremonese Brescian fusion. Learn all about this often mistaken maker in this first episode on the life of Giovanni Battista Rogeri.   This is the story of Giovanni Battista Rogeri the Cremonese trained violin maker who made it big in Brescia and has since been confused with other makers throughout history. Florian Leonhard talks about the influences Rogeri pulled on and exactly why his instruments have for so long been attributed to Giovanni Paolo Maggini.   Transcript    Far, far away in a place called Silene, in what is now modern day Libya, there was a town that was plagued by an evil venom spewing dragon, who skulked in the nearby lake, wreaking havoc on the local population. To prevent this dragon from inflicting its wrath upon the people of Silene, the leaders of the town offered the beast two sheep every day in an attempt to ward off its reptilian mood swings. But when this was not enough, they started feeding the scaly creature a sheep and a man. Finally, they would offer the children and the youths of the town to the insatiable beast, the unlucky victims being chosen by lottery.  As you can imagine, this was not a long term sustainable option. But then, one day, the dreaded lot fell to the king's daughter. The king was devastated and offered all his gold and silver, if only they would spare his beloved daughter.  The people refused, and so the next morning at dawn, the princess approached the dragon's lair by the lake, dressed as a bride to be sacrificed to the hungry animal.  It just so happened that a knight who went by the name of St George was passing by at that very moment and happened upon the lovely princess out for a morning stroll. Or so he thought. But when it was explained to him by the girl that she was in fact about to become someone else's breakfast and could he please move on and mind his own business he was outraged on her behalf and refused to leave her side.  Either she was slightly unhinged and shouldn't be swanning about lakes so early in the morning all by herself, or at least with only a sheep for protection, or she was in grave danger and definitely needed saving. No sooner had Saint George and the princess had this conversation than they were interrupted by a terrifying roar as the dragon burst forth from the water, heading straight towards the girl. Being the nimble little thing she was, the princess dodged the sharp claws.  As she was zigzagging away from danger, George stopped to make the sign of the cross and charged the gigantic lizard, thrusting Ascalon, that was the name of his sword, yep he named it, into the four legged menace and severely wounded the beast. George called to the princess to throw him her girdle, That's a belt type thing, and put it around the dragon's neck. From then on, wherever the young lady walked, the dragon followed like a meek beast.  Back to the city of Silene went George, the princess, and the dragon, where the animal proceeded to terrify the people. George offered to kill the dragon if they consented to becoming Christian. George is sounding a little bit pushy, I know. But the people readily agreed and 15, 000 men were baptized, including the king. St. George killed the dragon, slicing off its head with his trusty sword, Ascalon, and it was carried out of the city on four ox carts. The king built a church to the Blessed Virgin Mary and St. George on the site where the dragon was slain and a spring flowed from its altar with water that it is said would cure all diseases.  This is the story of Saint George and the Princess. It is a classic story of good versus evil, and of disease healing miracles that would have spoken to the inhabitants of 17th century Brescia. The scene depicting Saint George and the Princess is painted in stunning artwork by Antonio Cicognata and was mounted on the wall of the Church of San Giorgio.  Giovanni Battista Rogeri gazed up at this painting as family and friends, mainly of his bride Laura Testini, crowded into the church of San Giorgio for his wedding. Giovanni was 22 and his soon to be wife, 21, as they spoke their vows in the new city he called home. He hoped to make his career in this town making instruments for the art loving Brescians, evidence of which could be seen in the wonderful artworks in such places as this small church. Rogeri would live for the next 20 years in the parish of San Giorgio. The very same George astride an impressive white stallion in shining armour, his head surrounded by a golden halo. He is spearing the dragon whilst the princess calmly watches on clad in jewels with long red flowing robes in the latest fashion. In the background is the city of Brescia itself, reminding the viewer to remember that here in their city they too must fight evil and pray for healing from disease ever present in the lives of the 17th century Brescians. Hello and welcome to the Violin Chronicles, a podcast in which I, Linda Lespets, will attempt to bring to life the story surrounding famous, infamous, or just not very well known, but interesting violin makers of history.  I'm a violin maker and restorer. I graduated from the French Violin Making School some years ago now, and I currently live and work in Sydney with my husband Antoine, who is also a violin maker and graduate of the French school, l'Ecole Nationale de Luthierie in Mircourt. As well as being a luthier, I've always been intrigued with the history of instruments I work with, and in particular, the lives of those who made them. So often when we look back at history, I know that I have a tendency to look at just one aspect, but here my aim is to join up the puzzle pieces and have a look at an altogether fascinating picture. So join me as I wade through tales not only of fame, famine, and war, but also of love. Artistic genius. Revolutionary craftsmanship, determination, cunning and bravery, that all have their part to play in the history of the violin.  Welcome to this first episode on the life of Giovanni Battista Rogeri. After having spent the last few episodes looking at the life of the Ruggeri family, we will now dive into the life of that guy who almost has the same name, but whose work and contribution to violin making, you will see, is very different. And we will also look at just why, for so many years, his work has been attributed erroneously to another Brescian maker. The year was 1642, and over the Atlantic, New York was called New Amsterdam. The Dutch and the English were having scuffles over who got what. Was it New England? New Netherlands? In England, things were definitely heating up, and in 1642, a civil war was in the process of breaking out. On one side there were the parliamentarians, including Oliver Cromwell, and on the other side were the Royalists, who were the supporters of King Charles I. This war would rage on for the next 20 years, and not that anyone in England at this time really cared, but the same year that this war broke out, a baby called Giovanni Battista Rogeri was born in Bologna, perhaps, and for the next 20 years he grew up in this city ruled by the Popes of Italy. He too would witness firsthand wars that swept through his hometown. He would avoid dying of the dreaded plague, sidestep any suspicion by the Catholic church in this enthusiastic time of counter reformation by being decidedly non Protestant. And from an early age, he would have been bathed in the works of the Renaissance and now entering churches being constructed in the Baroque style. Bologna was a city flourishing in the arts, music and culture, with one of the oldest universities in the country.  But for the young Giovanni Battista Rogeri, to learn the trade of lutai, or violin maker, the place he needed to be was, in fact, 155. 9 km northwest of where he was right now. And if he took the A1, well, today it's called the A1, and it's an ancient Roman road so I'm assuming it's the same one, he could walk it in a few days. Destination Cremona, and more precisely, the workshop of Niccolo Amati. An instrument maker of such renown, it is said that his grandfather, Andrea Amati, made some of the first violins and had royal orders from the French king himself.  To be the apprentice of such a man was a grand thing indeed. So we are in the mid 1600s  and people are embracing the Baroque aesthetic along with supercharged architecture and paintings full of movement, colour and expression. There is fashion, and how the wealthy clients who would buy instruments in Cremona dressed was also influenced by this movement. Emily Brayshaw. You've got these ideas of exaggeration of forms and you can exaggerate the human body with, you know, things like high heels and wigs and ribbons and laces. And you've got a little bit of gender bending happening, men wearing makeup and styles in the courts. You know, you've got dress and accessories challenging the concept of what's natural, how art can compete with that and even triumph over the natural perhaps. You've got gloves trimmed with lace as well. Again, we've got a lot of lace coming through so cravats beauty spot as well coming through. You've got the powder face, the, the wig. Yeah. The makeup, the high heels. Okay. That's now. I actually found a lovely source, an Italian tailor from Bergamo during the Baroque era. The Italians like really had incredibly little tailors and tailoring techniques. And during this sort of Baroque era. He grumbles that since the French came to Italy not to cut but to ruin cloth in order to make fashionable clothes, it's neither possible to do our work well nor are our good rules respected anymore. We have completely lost the right to practice our craft. Nowadays though who disgracefully ruin our art and practice it worse than us are considered the most valuable and fashionable tailors.  So we've got like this real sort of shift. You know, from Italian tailoring to sort of French and English tailoring as well. And they're not happy about it. No, they are not happy about it. And this idea that I was talking about before, we've got a lovely quote from an Italian fashion commentator sort of around the mid 17th century. His name's Lam Pugnani, and he mentions the two main fashions. meaning French and Spanish, the two powers that were ruling the Italian peninsula and gradually building their global colonial empires. And he says, “the two main fashions that we have just recorded when we mentioned Spanish and French fashion, enable me to notice strangeness, if not a madness residing in Italian brains, that without any reason to fall in love so greatly Or better, naturalize themselves with one of these two nations and forget that they are Italian. I often hear of ladies who come from France, where the beauty spot is in use not only for women, but also for men, especially young ones, so much so that their faces often appear with a strange fiction darkened and disturbed, not by beauty spots, but rather by big and ridiculous ones, or so it seems somebody who is not used to watching similar mode art”. So, you know, we've got people commentating and grumbling about these influences of Spain and France on Italian fashion and what it means to be Italian. When we sort of think about working people, like there's this trope in movie costuming of like peasant brown,  you know, and sort of ordinary, you know, people, perhaps ordinary workers, you know, they weren't necessarily dressed.  In brown, there are so many different shades of blue. You know, you get these really lovely palettes of like blues, and shades of blue, and yellows, and burgundies, and reds, as well as of course browns, and creams, and these sorts of palettes. So yeah, they're quite lovely. And I'm imagining even if you didn't have a lot of money, there's, I know there's a lot of flowers and roots and barks that you can, you can dye yourself. Yeah, definitely. And people did, people did. I can imagine if I was living back there and we, you know, we're like, Oh, I just, I want this blue skirt. And you'd go out and you'd get the blue skirt. The flowers you needed and yeah, definitely. And people would, or, you know, you can sort of, you know, like beetroot dyes and things like that. I mean, and it would fade, but then you can just like, you know, quickly dye it again. Yeah, or you do all sorts of things, you know, and really sort of inject colour and, people were also, you know, people were clean. To, you know, people did the best they could  keep themselves clean, keep their homes clean. You know, we were talking about boiling linens to keep things fresh and get rid of things like fleas and lice. And people also used fur a lot in fashion. And you'd often like, you know, of course you'd get the wealthy people using the high end furs, but sometimes people would, you know, use cat fur in Holland, for example, people would trim their fur. Their garments and lined their garments with cat fur.  Why not? Because, you know, that's sort of what they could afford.  It was there. Yeah, people also would wear numerous layers of clothing as well because the heating wasn't always so great. Yeah. You know, at certain times of the year as well. So the more layers you had, the better. The more, the more warm and snug you could be. As do we in Sydney. Indeed.  Indeed.  Canadians complain of the biting cold here. I know. And it's like, dude, you've got to lay about us. It's a humid cold. It's awful. It's horrible. It just goes through everything. Anyway. It's awful. Yeah. So at the age of 19, Giovanni Battista Rogeri finds himself living in the lively and somewhat crowded household of Niccolo Amati. The master is in his early 60s and Giovanni Battista Rogeri also finds himself in the workshop alongside Niccolo Amati's son Girolamo II Amati, who is about 13 or 14 at this time.  Cremona is a busy place, a city bursting with artisans and merchants. The Amati Workshop is definitely the place to be to learn the craft, but it soon becomes clear as Giovanni Battista Rogeri looks around himself in the streets that, thanks to Nicolo Amati, Cremona does indeed have many violin makers, and although he has had a good few years in the Amati Workshop, Learning and taking the young Girolamo II Amati the second under his wing more and more as his father is occupied with other matters. He feels that his best chances of making a go of it would be better if he moved on and left Cremona and her violin makers. There was Girolamo II Amati who would take over his father's business. There were the Guarneri's around the corner. There was that very ambitious Antonio Stradivari who was definitely going to make a name for himself. And then there were the Rugeri family, Francesco Rugeri and Vincenzo Rugeri whose name was so familiar to his, people were often asking if they were related.  No, it was time to move on, and he knew the place he was headed. Emily Brayshaw.  So, you've also got, like, a lot of artisans moving to Brescia as well, following the Venetian ban on foreign Fustian sold in the territory. So Fustian is, like, a blend of various things. Stiff cotton that's used in padding. So if you sort of think of, for example someone like Henry VIII, right? I can't guarantee that his shoulder pads back in the Renaissance were from Venetian Fustian, but they are sort of topped up and lined with this really stiff Fustian to give like these really big sort of, Broad shoulders. That's how stiff this is. So, Venice is banning foreign fustians, which means that Cremona can't be sold in these retail outlets. So, Ah, so, and was that sort of That's fabric, but did that mirror the economy that Brescia was doing better than Cremona at this point? Do you, do you think? Because of that? Well, people go where the work is. Yeah. Cause it's interesting because you've got Francesco Ruggeri, this family that lives in Cremona. Yeah. And then you have about 12 to 20 years later, you have another maker, Giovanni Battista Rogeri.  Yeah. He is apprenticed to Niccolo Amati. So he learns in Cremona. And then he's in this city full of violin makers, maybe, and there's this economic downturn, and so it was probably a very wise decision. He's like, look, I'm going to Brescia, and he goes to Brescia. He would have definitely been part of this movement of skilled workers and artisans to Brescia at that time, sort of what happening as well. So, you know, there's all sorts of heavy tolls on movements of goods and things like that. And essentially it collapses. And they were, and they were heavily taxed as well. Yeah, definitely. Definitely. It was the fabulous city of Brescia. He had heard stories of the city's wealth, art, music and culture, famous for its musicians and instrument makers. But the plague of 1630 had wiped out almost all the Luthiers and if ever there was a good time and place to set up his workshop, it was then and there. So bidding farewell to the young Girolamo Amati, the older Nicolò  Amati and his household, where he had been living for the past few years. The young artisan set out to make a mark in Brescia, a city waiting for a new maker, and this time with the Cremonese touch. Almost halfway between the old cathedral and the castle of Brescia, you will find the small yet lovely Romanesque church of San Giorgio. Amidst paintings and frescoes of Christ, the Virgin and the Saints, there stands a solemn yet nervous young couple, both in their early twenties. Beneath the domed ceiling of the church, the seven angels of the Apocalypse gaze down upon them, a constant reminder that life is fragile, and that plague, famine and war are ever present reminders of their mortality. But today is a happy one. The young Giovanni Battista Rogeri is marrying Laura Testini.  And so it was that Giovanni Battista Rogeri moved to Brescia into the artisanal district and finds himself with a young wife, Laura Testini. She is the daughter of a successful leather worker and the couple most probably lived with Laura's family. Her father owned a house with eight rooms and two workshops. This would have been the perfect setup for the young Giovanni to start his own workshop and get down to business making instruments for the people of Brescia. He could show off his skills acquired in Cremona, and that is just what he did. Since the death of Maggini, there had not been any major instrument making workshops in Brescia. Florian Leonhard  Here I talk to Florian Leonhard about Giovanni Battista Rogeri's move to Brescia and his style that would soon be influenced by not only his Cremonese training, but the Brescian makers such as Giovanni Paolo Maggini I mean, I would say in 1732. The Brescian violin making or violin making was dead for a bit,  so until the arrival of Giovanni Battista Rogeri, who came with a completely harmonised idea,  into town and then adopted  features of  Giovanni Paolo Maggini and Gasparo da Salo. I cannot say who, probably some Giovanni Paolo Maggini violins that would have been more in numbers available to him, have influenced his design of creating an arching. It's interesting that he instantly picked up on that arching  because Giovanni Battista Rogeri always much fuller arched. The arching rises much earlier from the purfling up. Right. So he came from the Cremonese tradition, but he adopted the, like, the Brescian arching idea. He, he came from Niccolo Amati and has learned all the finesse of construction, fine making, discipline, and also series production. He had an inside mould, and he had the linings, and he had the, all the blocks, including top and bottom block.  And he nailed in the neck, so he did a complete package of Cremonese violin making and brought that into Brescia, but blended it in certain stylistics and sometimes even in copies with the Brescian style. For a long time, we have had Before dendrochronology was established, the Giovanni Paolo Magginis were going around and they were actually Giovanni Battista Rogeris. Brescia at this time was still a centre flourishing in the arts and despite the devastation of the plague almost 30 years ago, it was an important city in Lombardy and was in the process of undergoing much urban development and expansion.  When Giovanni Rogeri arrived in the city, There were efforts to improve infrastructure, including the construction of public buildings, fortifications and roads. The rich religious life of the city was evident, and continued to be a centre of religious devotion at this time, with the construction and renovation of churches in the new Baroque style.  The elaborate and ornate designs were not only reserved for churches, but any new important building projects underway in the city at this time. If you had yourself the palace in the Mula, you were definitely renovating in the Baroque style. And part of this style would also be to have a collection of lovely instruments to lend to musicians who would come and play in your fancy new pad. Strolling down the colourful streets lined with buildings covered in painted motifs, people were also making a statement in their choice of clothing. Another thing that the very wealthy women were wearing are these shoes called Chopines, which are like two foot tall. And so you've got like this really exaggerated proportions as well. Very tall. I mean. Very tall, very wide. So taking up a lot of space. I'm trying to think of the door, the doorways that would have to accommodate you. Yes. How do you fit through the door? So a lot of the time women would have to stoop. You would need to be escorted by either servants.  And then you'd just stand around. I did find some discussions of fashion in the time as well.  Commentators saying, well, you know, what do we do in northern France? We either, in northern Italy, sorry, we either dress like the French, we dress like the Spanish, why aren't we dressing like Italians? And kind of these ideas of linking national identity through the expression of dress in fashion. So, we're having this But did you want to, was it fashionable to be to look like the French court or the, to look like the Spanish court. Well, yeah, it was, it was fashionable. And this is part of what people are commenting about as well. It's like, why are we bowing to France? Why are we bowing to Italy? Sorry. Why are we bowing to Spain? Why don't we have our own national Italian identity? And we do see like little variations in dress regionally as well. You know, people don't always. Dress exactly how the aristocracy are dressing. You'll have your own little twists, you'll have your own little trimmings, you'll have your own little ways and styles. And there are theories in dress about trickle down, you know, like people are trying to emulate the aristocracy, but they're not always. Trying to do that. Well, yeah, it's not practical if you're living, you know, if you're and you financially you can't either like some of these Outfits that we're talking about, you know with one of these hugh like the Garde in Fanta worn by Marie Theresa that outfit alone would have cost in today's money like more than a million dollars  You can't copy these styles of dress, right? So what you've got to do is, you know, make adjustments. And also like a lot of women, like you, these huge fashion spectacles worn at court. They're not practical for working women either. So we see adaptations of them. So women might have a pared down silhouette and wear like a bum roll underneath their skirts and petticoats and over the top of the stays. And that sort of gives you a little nod to these wider silhouettes, but you can still move, you can still get your work done, you can still, you know, do things like that. So that's sort of what's happening there. Okay, so now we find a young Giovanni Battista Rogeri. He has married a local girl and set up his workshop. Business will be good for this maker, and no doubt thanks to the latest musical craze to sweep the country. I'm talking about opera.  In the last episodes on Francesco Ruggeri, I spoke to Stephen Mould, the composer. at the Sydney Conservatorium about the beginnings of opera and the furore in which it swept across Europe. And if you will remember back to the episodes on Gasparo Da Salo at the beginning of the Violin Chronicles, we spoke about how Brescia was part of the Venetian state.  This is still the case now with Giovanni Battista Rogeri and this means that the close relationship with Venice is a good thing for his business.  Venice equals opera and opera means orchestras and where orchestras are you have musicians and musicians have to have an instrument really, don't they? Here is Stephen Mould explaining the thing that is opera and why it was so important to the music industry at the time and instrument makers such as our very own Giovanni Battista Rogeri. Venice as a place was a kind of Gesamtkunstwerk.  Everything was there, and it was a very, it was a very modern type of city, a trading city, and it had a huge emerging, or more than emerging, middle class. People from the middle class like entertainment of all sorts, and in Venice they were particularly interested in rather salacious entertainments, which opera absolutely became. So the great thing of this period was the rise of the castrato.  Which they, which, I mean, it was, the idea of it is perverse and it was, and they loved it. And it was to see this, this person that was neither man nor, you know, was in a way sexless on the stage singing  and, and often singing far more far more virtuosically than a lot of women, that there was this, there was this strange figure. And that was endlessly fascinating. They were the pop stars of their time. And so people would go to the opera just to hear Farinelli or whoever it was to sing really the way. So this is the rise of public opera. As opposed to the other version. Well, Orfeo, for example, took place in the court at Mantua, probably in the, in the room of a, of a palace or a castle, which wouldn't have been that big, but would have been sort of specially set up for those performances. If I can give you an idea of how. Opera might have risen as it were, or been birthed in Venice. Let's say you've got a feast day, you know, a celebratory weekend or few days. You're in the piazza outside San Marco. It's full of people and they're buying things, they're selling things, they're drinking, they're eating, they're having a good time. And all of a sudden this troupe of strolling players comes into the piazza and they start to put on a show, which is probably a kind of comedia dell'arte spoken drama. But the thing is that often those types of traveling players can also sing a bit and somebody can usually play a lute or some instrument. So they start improvising. Probably folk songs. Yeah. And including that you, so you've kind of already there got a little play happening outside with music. It's sort of like a group of buskers in Martin place. It could be very hot. I mean, I've got a picture somewhere of this. They put a kind of canvas awning with four people at either corner, holding up the canvas awning so that there was some sort of shade for the players. Yeah. That's not what you get in a kid's playground these days. You've almost got the sense. Of the space of a stage, if you then knock on the door of one of the palazzi in, in Venice and say to, to the, the local brew of the, of the aristocracy, look, I don't suppose we could borrow one of your rooms, you know, in your, in your lovely palazzo to, to put on a, a, a show.  Yeah, sure. And maybe charged, maybe didn't, you know, and, and so they, the, the very first, it was the San Cassiano, I think it was the theatre, the theatre, this, this room in a, in a palace became a theatre. People went in an impresario would often commission somebody to write the libretto, might write it himself. Commissioner, composer, and they put up some kind of a stage, public came in paid, so it's paying to come and see opera.  Look, it's, it's not so different to what had been going on in England in the Globe Theatre. And also the, the similar thing to Shakespeare's time, it was this sort of mixing up of the classes, so everything was kind of mixed together.  And that's, that's why you get different musical genres mixed together. For example, an early something like Papaya by Monteverdi, we've just done it, and from what, from what I can gather from the vocal lines, some of the comic roles were probably these street players,  who just had a limited vocal range, but  could do character roles very well, play old women, play old men, play whatever, you know, caricature type roles. Other people were Probably trained singers. Some of them were probably out of Monteverdi's chorus in San Marco, and on the, on when they weren't singing in church, they were over playing in the opera, living this kind of double life.  And That's how  opera  started to take off. Yeah, so like you were saying, there are different levels. So you had these classical Greek themes, which would be more like, you're an educated person going, yes, yes, I'm seeing this classical Greek play, but then you're someone who'd never heard of Greek music. The classics. They were there for the, you know, the lively entertainment and the sweet performers. Yes. So the, the, the Commedia dell'arte had, had all these traditional folk tales. Then you've got all of the, all of the ancient myths and, and, and so forth.  Papaya was particularly notable because it was the first opera that was a historical opera. So it wasn't based on any ancient myths or anything. It was based on the life of Nero and Papaya. And so they were real life a few hundred years before, but they were real. It was a real historical situation that was being enacted on the stage.  And it was a craze. That's the thing to remember is. You know, these days people have to get dressed up and they have to figure out how they get inside the opera house and they're not sure whether to clap or not and all of this sort of stuff and there's all these conventions surrounding it. That wasn't what it was about. It was the fact that the public were absolutely thirsty for this kind of entertainment.  Yeah. And I was seeing the first, so the first opera house was made in in about 1637, I think it was. And then by the end of Monteverdi's lifetime, they said there were 19 opera houses in Venice. It was, like you were saying, a craze that just really took off. They had a few extra ones because they kept burning down. That's why one of them, the one that, that is, still exists today is called La Fenice. It keeps burning down as well, but rising from the ashes. Oh, wow. Like the, yeah, with the lighting and stuff, I imagine it's So, yeah, because they had candles and they had, you know, Yeah, it must have been a huge fire hazard. Huge fire hazard, and all the set pieces were made out of wood or fabric and all of that. Opera houses burning down is another big theme.  Oh yeah, it's a whole thing in itself, yeah. So then you've got These opera troupes, which are maybe a little, something a little bit above these commedia dell'arte strolling players. So, you've got Italy at that time. Venice was something else. Venice wasn't really like the rest of Italy. You've got this country which is largely agrarian, and you've got this country where people are wanting to travel in order to have experiences or to trade to, to make money and so forth. And so, first of all if an opera was successful, it might be taken down to Rome or to Naples for people to hear it. You would get these operas happening, happening in different versions. And then of course, there was this idea that you could travel further through Europe. And I, I think I have on occasion, laughingly. a couple of years ago said that it was like the, the latest pandemic, you know, it was, but it was this craze that caught on and everybody wanted to experience. Yeah. So you didn't, you didn't have to live in Venice to see the opera. They, they moved around. It was, it was touring. Probably more than we think. That, that, that whole period, like a lot of these operas were basically unknown for about 400 years. It's only, the last century or so that people have been gradually trying to unearth under which circumstances the pieces were performed.  And we're still learning a lot, but the sense is that there was this sort of network of performers and performance that occurred.  And one of the things that Monteverdi did, which was, which was different as well, is that before you would have maybe one or two musicians accompanying, and he came and he went, I'm taking them all. And he created sort of, sort of the first kind of orchestras, like  lots of different instruments. They were the prototypes of, of orchestras. And Look, the bad news for your, the violin side of your project, there was certainly violins in it. It was basically a string contingent. That was the main part of the orchestra. There may have been a couple of trumpets, may have been a couple of oboe like instruments. I would have thought that for Venice, they would have had much more exotic instruments.  But the, the, the fact is at this time with the public opera, what became very popular were all of the stage elements. And so you have operas that have got storms or floods or fires. They simulated fires. A huge amount of effort went into painting these very elaborate sets and using, I mean, earlier Leonardo da Vinci had been experimenting with a lot of how you create the effect of a storm or an earthquake or a fire or a flood. There was a whole group of experts who did this kind of stuff. For the people at the time, it probably looked like, you know, going to the, the, the first big movie, you know, when movies first came out in the 20s, when the talkies came out and seeing all of these effects and creating the effects. When we look at those films today, we often think, well, that's been updated, you know, it's out of date, but they found them very, very, very compelling. What I'm saying is the money tended to go on the look of the thing on the stage and the orchestra, the sound of the orchestras from what we can gather was a little more monochrome. Of course, the other element of the orchestra is the continuo section. So you've got the so called orchestra, which plays during the aria like parts of the opera, the set musical numbers. And you've got the continuo, which is largely for the rest of the team. And you would have had a theorbo, you would have had maybe a cello, a couple of keyboard instruments, lute. It basically, it was a very flexible, what's available kind of. Yeah, so there was they would use violines, which was the ancestor of the double bass. So a three stringed  one and violins as well. And that, and what else I find interesting is with the music, they would just, they would give them for these bass instruments, just the chords and they would improvise sort of on those. Chords. So every time it was a little bit different, they were following a Yes. Improvisation. Yeah. So it was kind of original. You could go back again and again. It wasn't exactly the same. And look, that is the problem with historical recreation. And that is that if you go on IMSLP, you can actually download the earliest manuscript that we have of Papaya.  And what you've got is less than chords, you've got a baseline. Just a simple bass line,  a little bit of figuration to indicate some of the chords, and you've got a vocal line. That's all we have. We don't actually know, we can surmise a whole lot of things, but we don't actually know anything else about how it was performed. I imagine all the bass instruments were given that bass line, and like, Do what you want with that. So yeah, it would, and it would have really varied depending on musicians. Probably different players every night, depending on, you know,  look, if you go into 19th century orchestras, highly unreliable, huge incidents of drunkenness and, you know, different people coming and going because they had other gigs to do. Like this is 19th century Italian theatres at a point where, you know, It should have been, in any other country, it would have, Germany had much better organized you know, orchestral resources and the whole thing. So it had that kind of Italian spontaneity and improvised, the whole idea of opera was this thing that came out of improvisation. Singers also, especially the ones that did comic roles, would probably improvise texts, make them a bit saucier than the original if they wanted for a particular performance. All these things were, were open.  And this brings us to an end of this first episode on Giovanni Battista Rogeri.  We have seen the young life of this maker setting out to make his fortune in a neighbouring city, alive with culture and its close connections to Venice and the world of opera. I would like to thank my lovely guests Emily Brayshaw, Stephen Mould and Florian Leonhardt for joining me today.   ​ 

A 335-year-long ‘war' (in which not a single shot was fired) officially ended on 17th April, 1986, when the UK's Dutch ambassador landed on the Isles of Scilly and declared an end to hostilities between the Netherlands and this tiny archipelago off the coast of Cornwall.  The origins of this eccentric conflict date back to 1651, during the English Civil War, where the Dutch found themselves indirectly involved due to their support for the parliamentarians. Angered by Dutch assistance to their enemies, the Royalists (based in Scilly) began robbing Dutch shipping lanes in the English Channel, prompting a declaration of war from the Dutch side... In this episode, Arion, Rebecca and Olly explain how local historian Roy Duncan's curiosity led him to investigate a long-standing rumour of his homeland's "war" with the Dutch - and unearth one of the craziest conflicts on record! Further Reading: ‘World's longest and weirdest war between the Isles of Scilly and the Netherlands'  (Cornwall Live, 2021): https://www.cornwalllive.com/news/cornwall-news/story-behind-worlds-longest-weirdest-4092887 ‘The World's Longest War Only Ended in 1986'  (Atlas Obscura, 2016): https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/the-worlds-longest-war-only-ended-in-1985 ‘The Entire History of The Isles Of Scilly' (Pete Kelly, 2021): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v8rQFcSanOU Love the show? Join

While the first English Civil War rages, Leonard Calvert returns to the Chesapeake in September 1644, after having been away for a bit more than a year. He carries commissions from Charles I to seize "London" assets in Virginia and collect a duty on tobacco for the Crown. The Royalists who run the royal colony of Virginia refuse to support Calvert and their king because they are too busy fighting the Powhatans to divide their own ranks. Meanwhile, Richard Ingle and his ship Reformation return to the Chesapeake, where he learns that Leonard Calvert has threatened to hang him if he comes to Maryland. Ingle, however, bears a letter of marque from Parliament that he interprets as a license to steal from Catholics. So, naturally, this means war. A comical war, to be sure, and almost bloodless except for three Jesuits who end up in the wrong place at the wrong time. But a war nonetheless. Ingle recruits some "rascally fellows," and essentially conquers Maryland with the support of the colony's Protestants. Leonard Calvert flees, and the Protestants install their own government at St. Mary's City. To all appearances, the Calverts had been expelled from Maryland. All appearances, it would turn out, would be deceiving. The Calverts would recover Maryland within 18 months, and Ingle would die a pauper. And so it is that the University of Maryland football team bears the Calvert family crest on its helmets. X/Twitter: @TheHistoryOfTh2 Facebook: The History of the Americans Podcast Selected references for this episode The "Plundering Time" of Maryland Part 1 Timothy B. Riordan, The Plundering Time: Maryland and the English Civil War, 1645–1646 Podcast: Rejects and Revolutionaries, “English Civil War 7: The Plundering Time”

The last embers of resistance to the Commonwealth are snuffed out in England and Scotland. For this episode, I found the following publications particularly useful: Charles Spencer, To Catch a King. Philip Baker, 'The Regicide', in Michael J. Braddick. The Oxford Handbook of the English Revolution Ian Gentles, The English Revolution and the Wars in the Three Kingdoms, 1638-1652. Alexia Grosjean, Steve Murdoch, Alexander Leslie and the Scottish generals of the Thirty Years' War, 1618-1648 Steve Murdoch (ed), Scotland and the Thirty Years' War Stuart Reid, Crown, Covenant, and Cromwell: The Civil Wars in Scotland, 1639-1651. Nick Lipscombe, The English Civil War: An Atlas and Concise History of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, 1639-51. Edward Cowan, Montrose: For Covenant and King. Barry Robertson, Royalists at War in Scotland and Ireland, 1638-1650. This podcast is part of the Airwave Media podcast network. Contact advertising@airwavemedia.com to inquire about advertising on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Wes and Nick tackle a movie about witches and the general who hunts them and makes them confess with the dumbest made up tests ever!Plot:England is torn in civil strife as the Royalists battle the Parliamentary Party for control. This conflict distracts people from rational thought and allows unscrupulous men to gain local power by exploiting village superstitions. One of these men is Matthew Hopkins, who tours the land offering his services as a persecutor of witches. Aided by his sadistic accomplice John Stearne, he travels from city to city and wrenches confessions from "witches" in order to line his pockets and gain sexual favors. When Hopkins persecutes a priest, he incurs the wrath of Richard Marshall, who is engaged to the priest's niece. Risking treason by leaving his military duties, Marshall relentlessly pursues the evil Hopkins and his minion Stearne.Support the show:

The very first Afghan refugees arrived in Pakistan in 1973, mostly rich Royalists displaced by a coup against the monarchy. Ever since then, Pakistan worked through its covert services to stamp out modernising nationalism in Kabul. To do so, it had to patronise jihadists, who've now bloomed in Pakistan like a toxic weed,  choking the country.

After his defeat at Worcester, the young King Charles II is in enemy territory. He has to escape England, all while Oliver Cromwell's troops scour the countryside for him. If he's caught, he will almost certainly be executed like his father. For this episode, I found the following publications particularly useful: Charles Spencer, To Catch a King. Philip Baker, 'The Regicide', in Michael J. Braddick. The Oxford Handbook of the English Revolution Ian Gentles, The English Revolution and the Wars in the Three Kingdoms, 1638-1652. Alexia Grosjean, Steve Murdoch, Alexander Leslie and the Scottish generals of the Thirty Years' War, 1618-1648 Steve Murdoch (ed), Scotland and the Thirty Years' War Stuart Reid, Crown, Covenant, and Cromwell: The Civil Wars in Scotland, 1639-1651. Nick Lipscombe, The English Civil War: An Atlas and Concise History of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, 1639-51. Edward Cowan, Montrose: For Covenant and King. Barry Robertson, Royalists at War in Scotland and Ireland, 1638-1650. This podcast is part of the Airwave Media podcast network. Contact advertising@airwavemedia.com to inquire about advertising on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

After Oliver Cromwell's victory at Dunbar, the English forces hunker down in Edinburgh for winter. The Scots almost come to civil war between supporters of Charles II and the remaining Kirk Faction. After the Battle of Inverkeithing, English occupation of Scotland appears inevitable, and so Charles II proposes a bold strategy - leave Scotland, and march the length of England to capture London. For this episode, I found the following publications particularly useful: Philip Baker, 'The Regicide', in Michael J. Braddick. The Oxford Handbook of the English Revolution Ian Gentles, The English Revolution and the Wars in the Three Kingdoms, 1638-1652. Alexia Grosjean, Steve Murdoch, Alexander Leslie and the Scottish generals of the Thirty Years' War, 1618-1648 Steve Murdoch (ed), Scotland and the Thirty Years' War Stuart Reid, Crown, Covenant, and Cromwell: The Civil Wars in Scotland, 1639-1651. Nick Lipscombe, The English Civil War: An Atlas and Concise History of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, 1639-51. Edward Cowan, Montrose: For Covenant and King. Barry Robertson, Royalists at War in Scotland and Ireland, 1638-1650. This podcast is part of the Airwave Media podcast network. Contact advertising@airwavemedia.com to inquire about advertising on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Can we reverse Citizens United and other decisions that have handed America over to our oligarchs? Will it start with a solid progressive Democratic majority in Congress? Impeachment & 9/11 - Just how hypocritical is the GOP? Fascists VS Free - Comparing red states and blue states. Why MAGA cultists refuse to accept Trump's 91 felony charges.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

With the last hope of the Royalists destroyed, the New Model Army brings the hammer down on the last few holdouts. Join the Mailing List and stay up to date HERE Check out the podcast website Check out Pax Britannica Merch! Facebook | Twitter | Patreon | Donate For this episode, I found the following publications particularly useful: Kenyon, J. and Ohlmeyer, J., The Civil Wars: A Military History of England, Scotland, and Ireland, 1638-1660. Harris, T. Rebellion Healey, J. The Blazing World. MacInnes, A., The British Revolution, 1629-60. Michael J. Braddick. The Oxford Handbook of the English Revolution Michael J. Braddick, 'War and Politics in England and Wales, 1642-1646', in Michael Braddick. The Oxford Handbook of the English Revolution Michael J. Braddick, God's Fury, England's Fire Peter Gaunt, The English Civil War: A Military History Blair Worden, The English Civil Wars: 1640-1660 Ian Gentles, The English Revolution and the Wars in the Three Kingdoms, 1638-1652 Antonia Fraser, Cromwell: Our Chief of Men Kishlansky, M, Monarchy Transformed Alexia Grosjean, Steve Murdoch, Alexander Leslie and the Scottish generals of the Thirty Years' War, 1618-1648 Steve Murdoch (ed), Scotland and the Thirty Years' War Stuart Reid, Crown, Covenant, and Cromwell: The Civil Wars in Scotland, 1639-1651. Nick Lipscombe, The English Civil War: An Atlas and Concise History of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, 1639-51 This podcast is part of the Airwave Media podcast network. Contact advertising@airwavemedia.com to inquire about advertising on this podcast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Will you be watching the Coronation of King Charles III this weekend? Many of us will be but why does the fascination with the Royals endure in the Republic? Sarah Madden reports.

It's the weekend of the coronation and we are discussing all things royalty! Lauren gives us some official abbreviations, and the official meal of the coronation! Plus we rank the Royal Family members, and who might be our favourite.. as well as discussing whether or not we are Royalists... we educate producer Sang on some of the British intricacies regarding this momentous event!Support the show

Will you be watching the Coronation of King Charles III this weekend? Many of us will be but why does the fascination with the Royals endure in the Republic? Sarah Madden reports.

Days ahead of King Charles' coronation, royalists are already queuing up. At least 15 people are reportedly braving the chilly London nights to secure prime spots in Westminster Abbey to see the coronation unfold. UK correspondent Enda Brady says rehersals are underway for Saturday's ceremony. LISTEN ABOVE  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Introduction: Minutes 0 to 6:45 We plan to have episodes for the next two weeks and then we'll be off April 15th and 22nd. We are both watching the new season of Ted Lasso. We debate binge watching vs. watching once a week. I watched The Unbearable Weight of Massive Talent on Starz and thought Pedro Pascal was a standout. Royals: Minutes 6:45 to 22:00 One of the biggest stories over the past two weeks was the manufactured one in which the British press tries to manipulate the Sussexes to come to the coronation. Unlike the Jubilee, to which the Queen invited the Sussexes directly, Charles isn't talking to them and wants someone else to convince them to come. Other reports say that there are negotiations happening behind the scenes, and that they're preparing two schedules for the coronation, one that includes the Sussexes and one that doesn't. They've since been told that they can stay in Frogmore if they come to the coronation. There are also reports that if they do come they will be strictly controlled like they were at the jubilee. While we were off we got an announcement that Princess Lilibet was christened in Montecito. The Sussexes used Lili's Princess title in their announcement about it to the media. The order of succession website with Archie and Lili's titles was finally updated a day later. We got a bizarre story that when Charles evicted the Sussexes from Frogmore he  told them that the website would be updated with their children's titles. Charles had been trying to convince the press that he had the power to make a decision on the children's titles. After the christening story came out, the palace changed their tune. We've also heard that Camilla's grandchildren will have prominent roles in the coronation but that Archie and Lili haven't even been formally invited yet. Royalists don't think Camilla's grandchildren should be in the coronation. Meanwhile William and Kate's children are expected to be in the procession but it's unknown if they will have a big role. Prince Edward, Charles' youngest sibling, also finally got his Duke of Edinburgh title that was promised to him by the Queen and Prince Philip. The titles were supposed to be passed to him and his wife, Sophie, when the Queen passed but Charles kept holding it over his head. Charles conferred that to him on March 10th, which was Edward's 59th birthday. This week Princess Kate met with her new “Business Taskforce for Early Childhood.” I was floored by how bad her speech was. It had a bunch of big words and made zero sense. The taskforce was the whole announcement. They have no agenda and no goals. We wonder when Kate will do something substantive like fundraising or advocacy work. Trump's possible arrest: Minutes 22:00 to 25 Back in October, 2020 we recorded an add on to podcast #68 when we heard that Trump had covid. We  had that same kind of hope when we heard he might get arrested. It hasn't happened yet unfortunately. Our moms are really happy about this possibility. Comments of the Week: Minutes 25:00 to end Chandra's comment of the week is from girl_ninja on the post about Charles and Camilla visiting France during their nationwide strike. Since we recorded, their trip has been canceled. My comment of the week is from Manda on the post about the TikTok from Romy Mars, Sofia Coppola and Thomas Mars' 16-year-old daughter. Thanks for listening bitches!

For Episode 16 we were joined by the illustrious Jesus to discuss a folk song from 1799 called Canto dei Sanfedisti. The Sanfedisti were founded by based TradCath Cardinal Fabrizio Ruffo in 1799 to drive French revolutionaries and Jacobins from his home in Naples Italy. The song recounts the retaking of Naples in the name of King Ferdinand I - King of the Two Sicilies. Catholics, Royalists, and Neapolitan stans rejoice, your king has (briefly) returned and the Parthenopean Republic be damned! If that isn't enough to get you to listen in on this episode, we don't know what else will. Sona Carmagnola, Sona li cunziglie: Viva 'o rre cu la famiglia! Viva Napule! Link to the song we used in this episode: https://youtu.be/xid2_oEP5ho Follow Jesus on Twitter: @FatherXibalba Follow Scott and Sean on Twitter: Scott - @dotGiff Sean - @HashtagHeyBro Think you've got a song that would make a good episode? Drop us a line in Twitter or via email: HistoryInMusicPodcast@gmail.com

Tim is the Keeper for a game of Chaosium's Call of Cthulhu RPG with an original setting that takes place during the English Civil War. The year is 1649 - the King is dead, bodies litter the battlefields after years of war and radical Puritans have seized power. In the seaside town of Seaburgh on Suffolk's east coast, thirty recruits in Parliament's New Model Army have gone missing and five bailiffs have been sent from London to investigate. What secrets will they uncover? Royalists in hiding, witchcraft, or something older and more sinister? Alastair is Percival Fairfax, an executioner. Josh is Fear-God FitzTalbot, a soldier. Jack is Marco Ammireti, an astronomer. Kylie is Anne Margrave, a noblewoman. Tom is Lucan, a hunter. The artwork was by James Youren. Intro and ending music by Tim, featuring the voice of Rhona Graham. Lyrics from the Middle Age poem Foweles in the Frith: Foweles in the frith, The fisses in the flod, And I mon waxe wod. Sulch sorw I walke with For beste of bon and blod. (Birds in the wood, The fish in the river, And I must go mad. Such sorrow I walk with For best of bone and blood.) _ Twitter: @DunkingOnTheDM Instagram: @DunkingOnTheDM YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCEj-8mJ5AEqsRsuu1n1W8OQ Discord: https://discord.gg/a4Rd5TwtGu Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/Dunking_On_The_DM Mastodon: https://dice.camp/@DunkingontheDM

In their last episode of 2022, Jeni and Ellie discuss what they did for Christmas. They also discuss a recent spike in their viewership on TikTok surrounding their Prince Harry and Meghan Markle content. What shocked them were the trolls who did not like The Duke and Duchess of Sussex and had a firm opinion about them, which was not very nice. They explain why they think people feel so strongly about The Royals and the drama surrounding them. The ladies end the episode with their "Peaks and Pits" of 2022 and discuss their hopes for 2023._______We have Podcast Merch! Check Out Our Designs Here!Use coupon code HU2022 for 15% off.Please subscribe so you don't miss an episode, and as always, send in your questions or comments to Jeni@honestlyunfilteredpodcasts.comConnect with us on Social Media: Facebook.com/HonestlyUnfilteredPodcastInstagram.com/TheHonestlyUnfilteredPodcastTwitter.com/iAmJeniThomasCheck out our website and blog at www.honestlyunfilteredpodcasts.comDo you like what you hear? Buy Us a Coffee!This podcast uses the following third-party services for analysis: Podtrac - https://analytics.podtrac.com/privacy-policy-gdrpChartable - https://chartable.com/privacyPodcorn - https://podcorn.com/privacy

Sign up for Intelligence Squared Premium here: https://iq2premium.supercast.com/ for ad-free listening, bonus content, early access and much more. See below for details. Robert Harris is one of the great storytellers of our times. His novels explore the dark side of power and the corrosive effect it has on those who wield it. In his latest bestseller, Act of Oblivion, Harris turns his attention to one of the most divisive episodes in English history, the Civil War, in which Royalists and Parliamentarians fought to determine whether the country should be a republic or a monarchy. The novel follows two fugitives who have been found guilty in absentia for the murder of Charles I and have fled to colonial North America to hide among the Puritan settlers there. Richard Nayler, secretary of the regicide committee of the Privy Council, is tasked with tracking down the fugitives and he'll stop at nothing until the two men are brought to justice. Hosting the discussion is award-winning author and historian Jessie Childs.  … We are incredibly grateful for your support. To become an Intelligence Squared Premium subscriber, follow the link: https://iq2premium.supercast.com/  Here's a reminder of the benefits you'll receive as a subscriber: Ad-free listening, because we know some of you would prefer to listen without interruption  One early episode per week Two bonus episodes per month A 25% discount on IQ2+, our exciting streaming service, where you can watch and take part in events live at home and enjoy watching past events on demand and without ads  A 15% discount and priority access to live, in-person events in London, so you won't miss out on tickets Our premium monthly newsletter  Intelligence Squared Merch Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

For more of Me & Jess talking about SpiceVisit: https://theflakyfoodie.com/Watch: https://youtu.be/K_2pZ3VhbwQListen: https://theflakyfoodie.com/2022/09/447/For Juneteenth - https://theflakyfoodie.com/2022/08/19-juneteenth-365-with-nicole-a-taylor-watermelon-redbirds/Grilled Cheese: https://theflakyfoodie.com/2022/09/21-grilled-cheese-restaurant-impossible-with-tim-of-the-melting-truck/And Finnish Sandwich Cake: https://theflakyfoodie.com/2022/05/16-finnish-food-sauna-culture-and-more-with-rachael-jukarainen/This week - cider takes center stage, hip checking beer out of the spotlight. And it comes with opinions on liberty and labor. Carrie Nation will come for cider later, but in the 18th century was the virtuous drink, over wine, brandy, rum and even beer.Also learn about Apple Jack and how it was different, initially from Apple Brandy.And whatever you do, don't drink rubbing alcohol.Music Credit: Fingerlympics by Doctor TurtleShow Notes: https://thehistoryofamericanfood.blogspot.com/Email: TheHistoryofAmericanFood@gmail.com Twitter: @THoAFoodInstagram: @THoAFood

As preparations for the Queen's funeral are finalised in London, New Zealanders are making their own plans to farewell Queen Elizabeth here at the furtherest point of the old Empire. Up and down the country, royalists are getting ready to tune in to watch or listen to the funeral which starts at 10pm our time. Rosie Gordon reports.

17th September - An episode to restore one's faith in the world and everything that is great about Britain. Much love and gratitude, Belle x

In episode 1331, Jack and Miles are joined by actor, comedian, musician and host of Cold Brew Got Me Like, Chris Crofton, to discuss… Rail Workers ready to STRIKE…biz media wants you to freak out! King Charles III: I'm Pretty Sure This Is Going to Be Very Funny And Very Convincing, The Queen's Funeral Is Already A Sh-tshow and more! Rail Workers ready to STRIKE…biz media wants you to freak out!  Congress prepares to act on rail strike amid fears of ‘economic catastrophe' King Charles III: I'm Pretty Sure This Is Going to Be Very Funny And Very Convincing The Queen's Funeral Is Already A Sh-tshow Queen Elizabeth's Coffin Makes Procession Through London Followed by Royal Family McDonald's to close every UK restaurant for the Queen's funeral Center Parcs backtracks over eviction of holidaymakers for Queen's funeral Center Parcs backtracks on Queen's funeral closure plans Queen's funeral could push U.K. into ‘technical recession': economic forecast Hospital appointments cancelled because of Queen's funeral Buy The Advice King Anthology here. LISTEN: Vilified by Stimulator JonesSee omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

James Sharman, Craig Forrest, Jimmy Brennan, Brendan Dunlop and Dan Wong still fill your ear holes for nearly an hour, despite there not being any Premier League matches to preview after the news that all 10 matches have been postponed this weekend. Instead they answer thrilling questions like:   What country would you want to be a football director in?   Ahead of the World Cup, is it better to be playing at top form for a club team that's battling every match, or a team like CF Montreal that's flying?    Craig, was Jimmy the most naked of all your teammates?   If you were a toilet and not a person, what would be the worst country to be a toilet in?   The Premier League has a new home in Canada this season: FuboTV. Don't miss a second of the action! Subscribe at: fubotv.com/footyprime    Presenters: James Sharman, Jimmy Brennan, Craig Forrest, Brendan Dunlop and Dan Wong Voice Over Talent: Jeff Cole    *This podcast has content that may use words and share tales that offend, please feel free to use your best discretion. Parental discretion is advised. Be advised this episode includes explicit language.*  

A splendid adaptation of Balzac’s great novel about a young poet becoming embroiled in the petty world of Paris journalism in the 1820s. Lost Illusions is an adaptation of a classic 19th century novel by Honoré de Balzac. The history of film is full of examples of great books that have failed to be made into good movies, so it's an unexpected delight to see a movie that does justice to its source. Lost Illusions is not only an excellent period drama recreating with its costumes, sets, and production design Paris in the 1820s, but a faithful translation of the vision of its brilliant world-famous author into cinematic terms. It's directed by Xavier Gianolli, the creator of another fine period film, Marguerite, that I reviewed a few years ago; who, with Jacques Fieschi, also adapted Balzac's novel for the screen. The story concerns a naïve provincial poet, Lucien Chardon, played by the perfectly cast young actor Benjamin Voisin, who dreams of escaping the drudgery of his life working at a printing press in his small town by writing and publishing his own poetry. His talent and good looks catch the attention of a local unhappily married noblewoman played by Cécile de France, who, seeking to advance his career ends up having an affair with him. When her infidelity is suspected by her rich husband, she flees to the refuge of her influential aristocratic cousin in Paris, with Lucien in tow. But his immature country manners stick out like a sore thumb in high class Parisian society, and she's forced to abandon him or be ostracized. Faced with poverty and starvation, Lucien luckily falls in with the editor of one of the city's literary journals, and gains a reputation as an acerbic theater critic and satirist. This world of the periodical press reveals itself as ruthlessly cutthroat, ruled only by the desire for money and not for art. The amoral atmosphere and the easy money turns his head, and when he falls in love with an actress from the cheap Boulevard stage, it becomes more and more difficult to navigate the treacherous politics and backbiting of Paris journalism. Balzac was writing about a moment in history when many features of the modern world were being born. The revolution and Napoleon's wars of empire were over; the old Bourbon dynasty had been restored, and a new way of life in which money was the sole value of the social order was taking root. Giannoli paints a meticulous picture of a world in which honesty and noble motives were disdained, when writers paid for good reviews in the paper, or got bad reviews when their enemies paid more. One of the characters organizes groups of audience members who will clap or boo a stage production based on which side has paid him the most money. Royalists and anti-royalists square off in print, and Lucien is clumsy enough to make enemies in both camps. He seeks to be known not by his father's name Chardon, but by the noble pedigree of his mother, de Rubempré. In the end everything comes down to class, and the success or failure of being included in the upper class. The new version of society that Balzac was condemning was ultimately a replay of the same old story of privilege and domination. Full of character and incident, beautifully shot and acted, Lost Illusions is a triumph. Although the film necessarily trims some of the book's subplots, it's a splendid and accurate portrayal of the great French novelist's insights about the corrupting power of money and class. And although it takes place two hundred years ago, one can find many parallels to our time.

Prince Andrew caught himself a bit of a reprieve as the council in York had to postpone their meeting to decide whether or not to strip him of his title due to members of the council coming down with Covid. Royalists took the opportunity to speak out against the coming decision saying that it was not the time to do it and that the queen would really be the one who suffers.As you can imagine, I might have a thought or two on that.(commercial at 12:34)To contact me:bobbycapucci@protonmail.comsource:https://www.express.co.uk/showbiz/tv-radio/1586068/Prince-Andrew-freedom-of-York-The-Queen-GMB

Prince Andrew caught himself a bit of a reprieve as the council in York had to postpone their meeting to decide whether or not to strip him of his title due to members of the council coming down with Covid. Royalists took the opportunity to speak out against the coming decision saying that it was not the time to do it and that the queen would really be the one who suffers.As you can imagine, I might have a thought or two on that.(commercial at 12:34)To contact me:bobbycapucci@protonmail.comsource:https://www.express.co.uk/showbiz/tv-radio/1586068/Prince-Andrew-freedom-of-York-The-Queen-GMB

ON THIS EPISODE WE DISCUSS: SUPPORT US AND GET ACCESS TO OUR EXCLUSIVE EPISODES: https://anchor.fm/ue404/subscribe HOSTS: AIDA ~ https://instagram.com/flydurr ISH ~ https://instagram.com/ish_mln CK ~ https://instagram.com/ckfrmday JOE ~ https://instagram.com/__avrgejo__ DJ ~ https://www.instagram.com/dariusjay997 GLO ~ https://www.instagram.com/soul_glx IF YOU'VE ENJOYED, MAKE SURE YOU SHARE AND FOLLOW OUR; https://instagram.com/ue404 https://twitter.com/UE_404 https://www.facebook.com/UrbanError404 https://www.linkedin.com/company/ue404/ WE WANT YOU TO LIVE LIFE HAPPILY! --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/ue404/message

A four-day celebration is under way to mark Queen Elizabeth's platinum jubilee, beginning overnight with a spectucular display of pageantry in London. New Zealand played a part last night, on the steps to the Tangi Te Keo Mt Victoria lookout when mana whenua ignited a torch in a short ceremony. A choir then sung A Song for the Commonwealth, a piece specially commissioned with the chorus in te reo. Following her majesty closely throughout her 70-year reign has been two very keen royalists, New Plymouth's Barbara Larsen and Angela Thompson, from the Waikato town of Te Aroha. Barbara was four when she began her 81 years of collecting royal books and magazines. Angela's home is filled with over 8000 items of royal memorabilia. They spoke to Susie Ferguson.

Cavendish was a prolific poet, playwright, and natural philosopher. She published multiple works under her own name before that was common for a woman, and she published at least five major works on natural philosophy. Research: Boyle, Deborah. “Margaret Cavendish on Gender, Nature, and Freedom.” Hypatia vol. 28, no. 3 (Summer 2013). Via JSTOR. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24542000 British Library. “Margaret Cavendish.” https://www.bl.uk/people/margaret-cavendish British Library. “Margaret Cavendish's Blazing World.” https://www.bl.uk/collection-items/margaret-cavendishs-blazing-world "Cavendish, Margaret." Renaissance and Reformation Reference Library, edited by Julie L. Carnagie, et al., vol. 3: Vol. 1: Biographies, UXL, 2002, pp. 60-65. Gale In Context: World History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX3426300052/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=36cbb94b. Accessed 25 Apr. 2022. Cavendish, Margaret, Duchess of Newcastle and C.H. Firth. “The life of William Cavendish, duke of Newcastle, to which is added The true relation of my birth, breeding and life.” London : J.C. Nimmo. 1886. Cunning, David, "Margaret Lucas Cavendish", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2021 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.), https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2021/entries/margaret-cavendish/. Donagan, B. Lucas, Sir Charles (1612/13–1648), royalist army officer. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 28 Apr. 2022. Donagan, B. Lucas, Sir Thomas (1597/8–1648/9), royalist army officer. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 28 Apr. 2022. English Heritage. “Margaret Cavendish.” https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/learn/histories/women-in-history/margaret-cavendish/ Fransee, Emily Lord. “Mistress of a New World: Early Science Fiction in Europe's ‘Age of Discovery.'” Public Domain Review. 10/11/2018. https://publicdomainreview.org/essay/mistress-of-a-new-world-early-science-fiction-in-europes-age-of-discovery Frederickson, Anne. “First Lady.” Distillations. Science History Institute. 4/15/2013. https://www.sciencehistory.org/distillations/first-lady Gryntaki, Gelly. “Margaret Cavendish: Being A Female Philosopher In The 17th Century.” The Collector. 7/24/2021. https://www.thecollector.com/margaret-cavendish-female-philosopher-17th-century/ Knight, J. Cavendish, Margaret, Duchess of Newcastle (1624?–1674). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 27 Apr. 2022, from https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/odnb/9780192683120.001.0001/odnb-9780192683120-e-4940. Marshall, Eugene. “Margaret Cavendish (1623—1673).” Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. https://iep.utm.edu/margaret-cavendish/ Newcastle, Margaret, Duchess of Newcastle. “The cavalier in exile; being the lives of the first Duke & Duchess of Newcastle.” London, G. Newnes, Ltd. 1903. Poetry Foundation. “Duchess of Newcastle Margaret Cavendish.” https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poets/margaret-cavendish Project Vox team. (2019). “Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne.” Project Vox. Duke University Libraries. https://projectvox.org/cavendish-1623-1673/ Robbins, Michael. “The Royally Radical Life of Margaret Cavendish.” The Paris Review. 4/15/2019. https://www.theparisreview.org/blog/2019/04/15/the-royally-radical-life-of-margaret-cavendish/ Sarasohn, Lisa T. "Cavendish, Margaret, Duchess of Newcastle." Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography, vol. 20, Charles Scribner's Sons, 2008, pp. 79-81. Gale In Context: U.S. History, link.gale.com/apps/doc/CX2830905568/GPS?u=mlin_n_melpub&sid=bookmark-GPS&xid=88a78131. Accessed 25 Apr. 2022. Walter, J. Lucas, John, first Baron Lucas of Shenfield (1606–1671), royalist landowner. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Retrieved 28 Apr. 2022. Wilkins, Emma. “Margaret Cavendish and the Royal Society.” Notes and Records. Volume 68, Issue 3. 5/14/2014. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.2014.0015 Wills, Matthew. “'Mad Meg,' the Poet-Duchess of 17th Century England.” JSTOR Daily. 3/10/2019. https://daily.jstor.org/mad-meg-the-poet-duchess-of-17th-century-england/ Woolf, Virginia. “The Common Reader.” New York. Harcourt, Brace and Company. 1925. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Subscribe to Quotomania on Simplecast or search for Quotomania on your favorite podcast app!Oliver Cromwell, (born April 25, 1599, Huntingdon, Huntingdonshire, Eng.—died Sept. 3, 1658, London), was an English soldier and statesman, lord protector of the republican Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1653–58). He was elected to Parliament in 1628, but Charles I dissolved that Parliament in 1629 and did not call another for 11 years. In 1640 Cromwell was elected to the Short and the Long Parliament. When differences between Charles and Parliament erupted into the English Civil Wars, Cromwell became one of the leading generals on the Parliamentary side, winning many notable victories, including the Battles of Marston Moor and Naseby. He was among those who brought the king to trial and signed his death warrant. After the British Isles were named the Commonwealth, he served as the first chairman of the Council of State. In the next few years he fought against the Royalists in Ireland and Scotland and suppressed a mutiny inspired by the Levelers. When Charles II advanced into England, Cromwell destroyed his army at Worcester (1651), the battle that ended the civil wars. As lord protector, Cromwell raised his country's status once more to that of a leading European power and concluded the Anglo-Dutch War. Though a devout Calvinist, he pursued policies of religious toleration. He refused the title of king offered to him by Parliament in 1657. After his death he was succeeded by his son Richard Cromwell.From https://www.britannica.com/summary/Oliver-Cromwell. For more information about Oliver Cromwell:“Oliver Cromwell”: https://www.cromwellmuseum.org/cromwellCromwell's Letters and Speeches: https://tile.loc.gov/storage-services/service/ll/llmlp/Cromwell_Vol-1/Cromwell_Vol-1.pdf

Prince Andrew caught himself a bit of a reprieve as the council in York had to postpone their meeting to decide whether or not to strip him of his title due to members of the council coming down with Covid. Royalists took the opportunity to speak out against the coming decision saying that it was not the time to do it and that the queen would really be the one who suffers. As you can imagine, I might have a thought or two on that. (commercial at 10:42)To contact me:bobbycapucci@protonmail.comsource:https://www.express.co.uk/showbiz/tv-radio/1586068/Prince-Andrew-freedom-of-York-The-Queen-GMB

Prince Andrew caught himself a bit of a reprieve as the council in York had to postpone their meeting to decide whether or not to strip him of his title due to members of the council coming down with Covid. Royalists took the opportunity to speak out against the coming decision saying that it was not the time to do it and that the queen would really be the one who suffers. As you can imagine, I might have a thought or two on that. (commercial at 10:42)To contact me:bobbycapucci@protonmail.comsource:https://www.express.co.uk/showbiz/tv-radio/1586068/Prince-Andrew-freedom-of-York-The-Queen-GMB

Perdiccas prepares for his invasion of Egypt by dispatching an expedition to seize the island of Cyprus. Meanwhile, the Aetolians resume their war with Macedon as the Royalists invade Babylon.

Hey, Royalists. We're back at the roundtable with our business minds sharp; but are we taking stock of our mental business? The number four is not just about structure, routine, effort, hard work, and organization, it's also about mental and emotional health. So, grab your goblets … filled with smoothies, and let's dive right in. 

As this Goblin Civil War rages on, there's only one place for a sensible goblin to turn for crucial updates on this deadly, deadly conflict. Tune into Alliance for Lovers of Felines News for all the front line coverage you need to stay informed about our extremely successful campaign against the Royalists, and Craven Darkheart's Horde. For the record, it's going great. Content Warning: a somewhat visceral bombing which takes up the last 30 seconds of the episode, decapitation, dismemberment, general warfare, military propaganda, trauma related to war, mourning the loss of a close friend, cat eating, immolation, the horrors of war, cold disregard for the loss of life. Support Subtle Frequencies by contributing to their Tip Jar: https://tips.pinecast.com/jar/subtlefrequencies Find out more at https://subtlefrequencies.pinecast.co

When civil war broke out in England in 1642 both the English Parliamentarians and Royalists petitioned the Scots Covenanters for their support. The Covenanters had the strongest army across all three kingdoms, they had defeated the Royalist forces of Charles I with remarkable ease in the Bishop Wars of 1639/40. The Covenanters may have been miserable bastards but they were also very successful - like Andy Murray.

Jon Healey discusses the 17th century in all its twists and folds and manifest complexity. He talks about the Royalists, the Parliamentarians, the Levellers, the Diggers, and the Quakers and what each group stood for and fought for, as well as the Glorious Revolution and tales of drunken cavaliers delivering sermons and placing their genitalia into wine cups.To follow Jon's work: @SocialHistoryOx @KelloggOxThis was produced in partnership with the Arts and Humanities Research Council. Follow their work here: https://twitter.com/ahrcpressProducer: Peter Curry @petedoeshistory See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Eilish Gregory, Catholics During the English Revolution, 1642-1660: Politics, Sequestration and Loyalty (Boydell Press, 2021) is the first book to examine thoroughly the ways in which Catholics adapted to political and social change during the turbulent years of the English Revolution. The book examines several important aspects of the Catholic experience in this period. It explores the penal laws by which the estates of Catholics were sequestrated, discussing the extent to which politicians designed the new laws to target Catholics specifically, rather than Royalists more generally, and outlining how the sequestration legislation operated in practice. It considers how Catholic gentry utilised their networks with influential Protestants with wider political connections when applying to have their sequestrations discharged. More broadly the book reveals how Catholics demonstrated their loyalty and assimilated into society despite being viewed as the natural enemies of the English Republic and Protectorate. The book also compares Catholic experiences to those of other religious minorities and sets the situation in England in the wider European international context of Catholic-Protestant rivalry and warfare, which made Catholics a particularly vulnerable religious minority in Puritan England. Eilish Gregory is a Postdoctoral Research Associate at the Royal Historical Society. She has held research fellowships at the Folger Shakespeare Library, Durham University and Marsh's Library and teaches at the University of Reading. Zach McCulley (@zamccull) is a historian of religion and literary cultures in early modern England and PhD candidate in History at Queen's University Belfast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Eilish Gregory, Catholics During the English Revolution, 1642-1660: Politics, Sequestration and Loyalty (Boydell Press, 2021) is the first book to examine thoroughly the ways in which Catholics adapted to political and social change during the turbulent years of the English Revolution. The book examines several important aspects of the Catholic experience in this period. It explores the penal laws by which the estates of Catholics were sequestrated, discussing the extent to which politicians designed the new laws to target Catholics specifically, rather than Royalists more generally, and outlining how the sequestration legislation operated in practice. It considers how Catholic gentry utilised their networks with influential Protestants with wider political connections when applying to have their sequestrations discharged. More broadly the book reveals how Catholics demonstrated their loyalty and assimilated into society despite being viewed as the natural enemies of the English Republic and Protectorate. The book also compares Catholic experiences to those of other religious minorities and sets the situation in England in the wider European international context of Catholic-Protestant rivalry and warfare, which made Catholics a particularly vulnerable religious minority in Puritan England. Eilish Gregory is a Postdoctoral Research Associate at the Royal Historical Society. She has held research fellowships at the Folger Shakespeare Library, Durham University and Marsh's Library and teaches at the University of Reading. Zach McCulley (@zamccull) is a historian of religion and literary cultures in early modern England and PhD candidate in History at Queen's University Belfast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/european-studies

Eilish Gregory, Catholics During the English Revolution, 1642-1660: Politics, Sequestration and Loyalty (Boydell Press, 2021) is the first book to examine thoroughly the ways in which Catholics adapted to political and social change during the turbulent years of the English Revolution. The book examines several important aspects of the Catholic experience in this period. It explores the penal laws by which the estates of Catholics were sequestrated, discussing the extent to which politicians designed the new laws to target Catholics specifically, rather than Royalists more generally, and outlining how the sequestration legislation operated in practice. It considers how Catholic gentry utilised their networks with influential Protestants with wider political connections when applying to have their sequestrations discharged. More broadly the book reveals how Catholics demonstrated their loyalty and assimilated into society despite being viewed as the natural enemies of the English Republic and Protectorate. The book also compares Catholic experiences to those of other religious minorities and sets the situation in England in the wider European international context of Catholic-Protestant rivalry and warfare, which made Catholics a particularly vulnerable religious minority in Puritan England. Eilish Gregory is a Postdoctoral Research Associate at the Royal Historical Society. She has held research fellowships at the Folger Shakespeare Library, Durham University and Marsh's Library and teaches at the University of Reading. Zach McCulley (@zamccull) is a historian of religion and literary cultures in early modern England and PhD candidate in History at Queen's University Belfast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/history

Eilish Gregory, Catholics During the English Revolution, 1642-1660: Politics, Sequestration and Loyalty (Boydell Press, 2021) is the first book to examine thoroughly the ways in which Catholics adapted to political and social change during the turbulent years of the English Revolution. The book examines several important aspects of the Catholic experience in this period. It explores the penal laws by which the estates of Catholics were sequestrated, discussing the extent to which politicians designed the new laws to target Catholics specifically, rather than Royalists more generally, and outlining how the sequestration legislation operated in practice. It considers how Catholic gentry utilised their networks with influential Protestants with wider political connections when applying to have their sequestrations discharged. More broadly the book reveals how Catholics demonstrated their loyalty and assimilated into society despite being viewed as the natural enemies of the English Republic and Protectorate. The book also compares Catholic experiences to those of other religious minorities and sets the situation in England in the wider European international context of Catholic-Protestant rivalry and warfare, which made Catholics a particularly vulnerable religious minority in Puritan England. Eilish Gregory is a Postdoctoral Research Associate at the Royal Historical Society. She has held research fellowships at the Folger Shakespeare Library, Durham University and Marsh's Library and teaches at the University of Reading. Zach McCulley (@zamccull) is a historian of religion and literary cultures in early modern England and PhD candidate in History at Queen's University Belfast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

Eilish Gregory, Catholics During the English Revolution, 1642-1660: Politics, Sequestration and Loyalty (Boydell Press, 2021) is the first book to examine thoroughly the ways in which Catholics adapted to political and social change during the turbulent years of the English Revolution. The book examines several important aspects of the Catholic experience in this period. It explores the penal laws by which the estates of Catholics were sequestrated, discussing the extent to which politicians designed the new laws to target Catholics specifically, rather than Royalists more generally, and outlining how the sequestration legislation operated in practice. It considers how Catholic gentry utilised their networks with influential Protestants with wider political connections when applying to have their sequestrations discharged. More broadly the book reveals how Catholics demonstrated their loyalty and assimilated into society despite being viewed as the natural enemies of the English Republic and Protectorate. The book also compares Catholic experiences to those of other religious minorities and sets the situation in England in the wider European international context of Catholic-Protestant rivalry and warfare, which made Catholics a particularly vulnerable religious minority in Puritan England. Eilish Gregory is a Postdoctoral Research Associate at the Royal Historical Society. She has held research fellowships at the Folger Shakespeare Library, Durham University and Marsh's Library and teaches at the University of Reading. Zach McCulley (@zamccull) is a historian of religion and literary cultures in early modern England and PhD candidate in History at Queen's University Belfast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/christian-studies

Eilish Gregory, Catholics During the English Revolution, 1642-1660: Politics, Sequestration and Loyalty (Boydell Press, 2021) is the first book to examine thoroughly the ways in which Catholics adapted to political and social change during the turbulent years of the English Revolution. The book examines several important aspects of the Catholic experience in this period. It explores the penal laws by which the estates of Catholics were sequestrated, discussing the extent to which politicians designed the new laws to target Catholics specifically, rather than Royalists more generally, and outlining how the sequestration legislation operated in practice. It considers how Catholic gentry utilised their networks with influential Protestants with wider political connections when applying to have their sequestrations discharged. More broadly the book reveals how Catholics demonstrated their loyalty and assimilated into society despite being viewed as the natural enemies of the English Republic and Protectorate. The book also compares Catholic experiences to those of other religious minorities and sets the situation in England in the wider European international context of Catholic-Protestant rivalry and warfare, which made Catholics a particularly vulnerable religious minority in Puritan England. Eilish Gregory is a Postdoctoral Research Associate at the Royal Historical Society. She has held research fellowships at the Folger Shakespeare Library, Durham University and Marsh's Library and teaches at the University of Reading. Zach McCulley (@zamccull) is a historian of religion and literary cultures in early modern England and PhD candidate in History at Queen's University Belfast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Eilish Gregory, Catholics During the English Revolution, 1642-1660: Politics, Sequestration and Loyalty (Boydell Press, 2021) is the first book to examine thoroughly the ways in which Catholics adapted to political and social change during the turbulent years of the English Revolution. The book examines several important aspects of the Catholic experience in this period. It explores the penal laws by which the estates of Catholics were sequestrated, discussing the extent to which politicians designed the new laws to target Catholics specifically, rather than Royalists more generally, and outlining how the sequestration legislation operated in practice. It considers how Catholic gentry utilised their networks with influential Protestants with wider political connections when applying to have their sequestrations discharged. More broadly the book reveals how Catholics demonstrated their loyalty and assimilated into society despite being viewed as the natural enemies of the English Republic and Protectorate. The book also compares Catholic experiences to those of other religious minorities and sets the situation in England in the wider European international context of Catholic-Protestant rivalry and warfare, which made Catholics a particularly vulnerable religious minority in Puritan England. Eilish Gregory is a Postdoctoral Research Associate at the Royal Historical Society. She has held research fellowships at the Folger Shakespeare Library, Durham University and Marsh's Library and teaches at the University of Reading. Zach McCulley (@zamccull) is a historian of religion and literary cultures in early modern England and PhD candidate in History at Queen's University Belfast. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/british-studies

Check out the podcast website Check out Pax Britannica Merch! Facebook | Twitter | Patreon | Donate For this episode, I found the following publications particularly useful: Robertson, Barry, Royalists at War in Scotland and Ireland, 1638-1650 Kishlansky, M, Monarchy Transformed Macinnes, Allan, The British Revolution, 1629-1660 Harris, T. Rebellion Adams, Goodare, Scotland in the Age of Two Revolutions Alexia Grosjean, Steve Murdoch, Alexander Leslie and the Scottish generals of the Thirty Years' War, 1618-1648 Steve Murdoch (ed), Scotland and the Thirty Years' War Cowan, E. J., Montrose: For Covenant and King. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

A Second English Civil War and a 3rd Scots invasion? Are the royalists nuts? Aren't they tired of war?The New Model Army still exists, it wiped the floor with the Royalists last time and this time it is no different. The defeat of the Scots and Royalists is so complete it brings Napoleon’s destruction of the Prussians after Jena/Auerstadt to mind.The Army decides that Charles I, that bloody man, cannot be allowed to live. But, but, but, the constitution still has a king, the vast majority want a king. Cromwell and crew decide that to unite the Army and prevent a third civil war, the king must die, the House of Lords be abolished and the Bishops must go.The Presbyterian Parliament stands in the way, but is swept away during Pride’s purge, leaving only the Rump Parliament. Brød heks is our guest.

Episode: 1992 Harvey and Willis at Oxford during the English Civil War.  Today, Oxford after war.

This newsletter is really a public policy thought-letter. While excellent newsletters on specific themes within public policy already exist, this thought-letter is about frameworks, mental models, and key ideas that will hopefully help you think about any public policy problem in imaginative ways. It seeks to answer just one question: how do I think about a particular public policy problem/solution?PS: If you enjoy listening instead of reading, we have this edition available as an audio narration on all podcasting platforms courtesy the good folks at Ad-Auris. Global Policy Watch — Storming Se Storming Tak: From 1642 To 2021- RSJHere’s a short quiz to begin things. What’s common to these dates (not an exhaustive list)?4 January 1642: EnglandFeb 27, 1933: Germany Feb 23, 1981: SpainApril 27, 2017: MacedoniaDifficult? Here’s a clue. The latest entrant to this listJan 6, 2021: USA‘Workout-able’ now? These are select instances of attacks on parliament buildings in democracies over the years. Of course, this is different from attacks that happen within the parliament building where lawmakers have a go at each other using microphone stands, paper-weights and files as projectiles. That’s a rich and glorious tradition where Taiwan, South Korea and India are global leaders.The attacks on parliament from the outside is a different phenomenon. It points to a fracture in the common belief among citizens about the power or legitimacy of the sovereign. This is not mere symbolism. Often the attacks are real attempts to disrupt or change the outcomes of a parliamentary process to elect the head of the government. That’s what happened, say, in Spain on Feb 23, 1981 when Lt. Col Tejero and his small band of army men burst into the lower house of the Spanish legislature during the vote to elect a new Prime Minister. The attempt to overthrow the democratic regime came unstuck when King Juan Carlos denounced it in a televised address. The storming of the Macedonian parliament in 2017 was done in somewhat similar circumstances though without any section of army backing it. That brings us to Germany. The fire at Reichstag in 1933 right after the Hitler had been sworn in as the Chancellor was blamed on a communist conspiracy. It is almost certain now that this was engineered by the Nazis to demonise their opponents. This incident of arson was then used by the Nazis to issue a nationwide emergency and pursue the communists with a vengeance. The Communists MPs were arrested and the Nazis won the elections to those vacant seats as was expected. Within a year the Nazis had complete control over the German state. You know how that story ends.The Original StormingMy interest, however, is in the first instance of the storming of a Parliament: Jan 4, 1642. This was no ordinary rebel laying siege over the lawmakers in Westminster. It was Charles I, the king of England. He entered the Parliament with armed soldiers to arrest five MPs who he accused of treason. What had they done? Well, to the king and his loyalists, they were anti-nationals. Sounds familiar. They were accused of encouraging Scotland to invade England and a conspiracy to defame the king. Charles went into the parliament and called out the name of the five MPs seeking their arrest. He asked the House speaker, William Lenthall, about their whereabouts. Lenthall responded:“May it please your majesty, I have neither eyes to see nor tongue to speak in this place but as this House is pleased to direct me whose servant I am here; and I humbly beg your majesty's pardon that I cannot give any other answer than this to what your majesty is pleased to demand of me.” In a historic first of sorts, the speaker had sided with the parliament over the divine will of the king.“All my birds have flown,” Charles I said as he scanned the member benches for the five MPs.The storming of the parliament by Charles I was a seminal moment in the history of democracy. The tussle for sovereignty between the parliament and monarchy that had been simmering for over three decades had reached its flashpoint. The English parliament in those days was a collection of landed gentry who controlled the exchequer through their power of collecting taxes. The king needed its approval to raise taxes. By the time Charles I ascended the throne in 1625, the Crown was deep in debt no thanks to the expensive wars of the Tudor and Stuart periods and the lavish lifestyles of the royalty. This apart Charles had other problems too. There was a deep suspicion among the aristocrats about the strength of his Protestant affiliation after he married the Catholic Bourbon princess Maria of France. His subsequent religious acts did nothing to dispel this impression. The desire of Charles I to go to war with Scotland meant he wanted the parliament to increase taxes and do his bidding. The parliament continued to resist and Charles dissolved it in 1629. The next 11 years when he ruled without a sitting parliament is termed his ‘personal rule’. He introduced new taxes arbitrarily, supported Catholic religious policies and hounded the aristocrats who opposed him. The tyranny was going well but for a small hitch. He still needed the parliament to convene for collecting the tax revenues. He called a new parliament in 1640 in the hope he will be able to control it. Not quite. The parliament passed an act that forbade its own dissolution and went about rolling back the policies that Charles had set in motion. The stage was set for him to storm the parliament looking for the errant MPs.The Post-Metaphysical AgeThe storming of the parliament led to what is collectively called the English Civil Wars (1642-1651) between the Royalists and the Parliamentarians. Charles I was tried and executed in 1649 (none of this namby-pamby impeachment business in those days). There were three key outcomes of the civil wars:The replacement of English monarch by the Commonwealth of EnglandThe consolidation of Protestant ascendancy and the defeat of Catholicism in England. The downstream impact of this was hugeThe precedent that the English monarch cannot rule without the Parliament’s approval. The seal of Parliamentary sovereignty and the establishment of individual rights, however, were legally established only after the Glorious Revolution of 1688. There’s a subplot here. A gifted English polymath who had fled England in 1640 to Paris watched all this unfold with interest and concern. A man of science who counted Galileo, Bacon and Mersenne among his friends, he was developing a theory of about people, nature and politics as he came to terms with the chaos in his country. He was also the tutor to Charles II, the young prince, who was in exile in Paris. By 1650, he was ready with his magnum opus that broke new ground on the relation between the state and its subjects. In 1651, he returned to England. His name was Thomas Hobbes. The book was Leviathan. The Genesis Of The Modern Liberal StateHobbes is, arguably, the founder of modern political philosophy and Leviathan is a masterpiece of original thinking. Hobbes made three core arguments in it:The State of Nature: Human beings left to themselves will pursue their objectives of maximising their comforts. These pursuits will bring them in conflict with others. People are similar (within a range) in terms of their physical and mental prowess. So no one person can dominate others for long. This led him to conclude that humans in their state of nature would be in constant strife with one another. “A war of everyone against everyone” is how he called it. In this state, he famously said, human life would be “nasty, brutish and short.”The Laws of Nature: Hobbes argued that humans were rational beings who understood the futility of living in the state of nature. They would seek a practical solution to establish peace. To Hobbes, this solution was for people to establish mutual covenant (agreement) among themselves to submit to the authority of a sovereign. Simply put, people will be willing to forego some of their freedoms to a sovereign institution in return for peace and rule of law governed by that authority.Unlimited Sovereign Authority: For Hobbes, once the people had come together to hand over the power to the sovereign, its power was unlimited. There was no quid pro quo involved here. No real checks and balances. So long as the sovereign kept peace among its people and protected them from outside powers, it retained its political legitimacy. Nothing else mattered. Any attempt to split the powers of the sovereign would render it ineffective. The impact of Leviathan on future political philosophers was profound. In many ways, it is the foundational text of the modern state. Everyone from Locke, Rousseau, Weber to Rawls have used it either as a springboard or as a counter to develop their social and political theories. The criticism of Hobbes over the centuries is also useful to shine a light on the originality of his thinking. The usual arguments offered against his political philosophy include:A bleak view of human nature: The short conclusion easily drawn from Leviathan is that Hobbes held no illusions about the nature of human beings. Left to themselves in a natural state, they would be in an endless series of internecine wars. This is Hunger Games territory. But Hobbes was a bit more nuanced than that. To him, it is not human nature to be in a war of everyone against everyone. Instead, in the absence of laws and its enforcer, human beings pursuing their rational interests will get in the way of each other. This will be the basis for strife and not the absence of better angels of their natureSocial contract theorist: Some view Hobbes belonging to the line of social contract theorists who thought and wrote about the arrangement between the society and the state or the ruled and the rulers. This isn’t exactly accurate. Social contract theory assumes that society already exists with a contract among its members. The society then enters into a ‘second contract’ with the state by relinquishing some of its freedom in exchange for peace and stability from the sovereign. For Hobbes, there was no second contract. The society or the state don’t exist ab initio. There is only a single contract - the covenant between the members of the society to come together. The sovereign emerges from this. It is almost like the ‘Big Bang’ theory of political philosophy.Totalitarian: The other criticism of Hobbes is he justifies a totalitarian regime when he lets the sovereign off the hook for any kind of quid pro quo contract with the society. This is misreading of the term absolute. Hobbes considers the sovereign absolute in terms of its power which means they ‘can interfere’ in ‘any aspect’ of the lives of its citizens. This is different from a totalitarian regime which is based on the idea that the state ‘will permeate’ into ‘every aspect’ of the lives of its people. In fact, Hobbes was the first to free religion from the construct of the state. Once you are free from theology, you set the basis for a liberal state. Bookended By HobbesThe storming of the Capitol building by pro-Trump protesters marks a moment in the history of democracy in America. There’s always a temptation to over-read the current moment. But the irreversible slide of the discourse, the shrinking of the middle ground with a loony, conspiracy-theory fed right and an anarchist, self-righteous left and an almost cult-like adherence to prior beliefs that get accentuated in the echo chambers of social media have meant this moment was nigh. The strength of the social covenant (“we, the people) is under stress rarely experienced before. Once that covenant is broken, the political authority wanes or gets delegitimised as we see it happening in America for most of last year. Unless checked and reversed, we will be back to the state of nature. Chaos will follow. Maybe there’s a polymath philosopher watching all of this unfold with unease while developing an original political thesis like Hobbes over four hundred years ago. The storming of the English parliament of 1642 and the siege of the Capitol in 2021 seem to bookend the political era whose foundation was laid by Hobbes. There’s a need for a new social contract for these times. A Framework a Week: OOOTools for thinking public policy— Pranay KotasthaneThe union government’s first post-pandemic budget will be presented in the Parliament on Feb 1. The all-consuming buildup has already begun as if it were a Rajinikanth movie. As the budget date nears, you will come across many more number-based narratives — the need for higher public health expenditure, the imperative to reduce allocations for subsidies, and the necessity to adequately fund the requirements of our armed forces. So let’s revisit a framework that helps put these numbers in perspective. The Outlays-Outputs-Outcomes (OOO) framework is a useful way to analyse the many schemes that the Finance Minister will announce on Feb 1. Inputs/Outlays refer to the resources provided to a scheme or project that the government runs. Once the budget is presented, virtually all the public discussion will be on these outlays. This gives an idea of how the union government prioritises all its functions. But as we all know, outlays for a project is no guarantee for success. To measure success, policies or schemes need two other parameters: outputs and outcomes. Outputs refer to the direct and measurable product of program activities, often expressed in physical terms or units. Outcomes, on the other hand, are the long-term benefits that a project or intervention is designed to deliver.Using this framework allows us to scrutinise government schemes better. As Ajay Shah writes:This framework became famous around education, where the inputs are school buildings and recruitment of teachers, the outputs are kids who are enrolled and attend school, and the outcomes are what the kids actually know. From about 2004 onwards, we have understood that very large increases in public expenditure in the per-pupil expenses were associated with essentially no gains in the outcomes. The education bureaucracy has proclaimed its victories as counted by school buildings, teachers employed or kids enrolled. But at a fundamental level, state spending on elementary education has not delivered: vast increases in the input has not delivered gains in the outcome.This framework also yields a useful vocabulary for measuring success. We can assess policies in terms of its economy, efficiency, and effectiveness. Economy refers to inputs. It answers the question: are project inputs being purchased at the right price? Efficiency relates to outputs over inputs. It answers the question: what is the relationship between investment in inputs and the outputs that are produced? Effectiveness relates to outcomes over outputs. It answers the question: are outputs leading to the expected outcomes? (all definitions are taken from Indicators of Inputs, Activities, Outputs, Outcomes and Impacts in Security and Justice Programming, DFID).Ideally, any government programme should begin with a theory of change that connects the desired end state (outcomes) to the programme activities that need to be carried out (outputs) which further require a set of resources (inputs). Seen from this frame, a policy that fails to achieve the desired outcomes can mean two things. One, that there was an implementation failure. Insufficient outlays or difficulty in converting outlays into outputs due to corruption are examples of implementation issues. Two, that there was a theory of change failure which means that the assumed causal linkage between outputs and outcomes was incorrect. In the Indian context, a commonly held notion is that governments have good policies but poor implementation. What’s less appreciated is that policies often fail because the underlying theory of change itself is inaccurate. Better data and feedback help uncover this theory of change failure. For example, ASER surveys have now shifted the conversation on education by disproving the theory that more schools and better-paid teachers alone can lead to better student learning outcomes. The National Family Health Survey data can similarly help question the assumed causal linkages between health outlays, outputs, and outcomes. It is indeed a positive sign that on both health and education, we are talking effectiveness and not just outlays. This reflects that governance in these areas is maturing. PS: For the upcoming budget, skip the outlay PDFs and open this new document called the Output Outcome Framework. It maps each government scheme outlay to the desired outcomes and outputs over the next financial year. If the budget were also to map the performance of each scheme against the promised outcomes in the year gone by, it will go a long way in correcting both implementation and theory of change failures.Matsyanyaaya: False Equivalences with Chinese Characteristics Big fish eating small fish = Foreign Policy in action— Pranay KotasthanePolitical turmoil in the US has understandably shaken many of us here in India. Events of this magnitude lead to a general despondency about democracy itself. The hope is that this despondency would get displaced by introspection and positive alternatives. At the same time, we need to guard against narratives that cite these events to equate the US and China. One strand of Indian strategic thought has long held the view that a world order shaped predominantly by the PRC might be just as good (or bad) for India as the current one underpinned by US power. China’s border incursions last year led to the deprecation of this narrative but the churn in the US can give it a new lease of life. Aided by the PRC’s attempts at drawing false equivalences on one hand and spurred by the self-criticism that is bound to dominate American thinking, we might see arguments such as this make a comeback:We do not know how Chinese hegemony will work in the future, but we know the exploitative and heinous character of the French and the British Empires. The question is, why are we not as afraid of the West as we are of the Chinese? [China is Not Alone in Adding to the Indian Ocean Woes, Economic & Political Weekly, Atul Bhardwaj, April 2018]Nothing can be further from the truth. For one, there is enough evidence to suggest that a Sinocentric world order will not align with India’s quest for yogakshema — peace and prosperity for all Indians. Look at the way China has alienated — simultaneously and purposively — a new generation of peoples in all of its neighbouring countries. Look at how the Chinese Communist Party has imposed one language on a diverse set of its own peoples. And finally, look at how it has transformed its all-weather friend into a mere tributary. Second, it’s true that the US conduct on the liberal international order is not untainted. But the norm of a liberal international order is in India’s own self-interest. We must and we do question the US when it deviates from this norm. For example, the Indian PM’s condemnation of the Capitol violence is possible in the current order. In a Sinocentric world, this norm itself will cease to exist. If the Indian PM were to criticise something even remotely equivalent in China, the party-state will spring into concerted anti-India action in economic, political, and military dimensions.These are two clear and important differences that we shouldn’t take our eyes off in the zeitgeist. HomeWorkReading and listening recommendations on public policy matters[Book] Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes with an essay by the late W. G. Pogson Smith (skip the religious bits) [Article] Tom Mctague in The Atlantic: Is This How Greatness Ends? [Article] Rathin Roy distinguishes between the better and worse forms of deficit financing.[Paper] Abel Schumann’s OECD paper Using Outcome Indicators to Improve Policies is a must-read for public policy enthusiasts.[Podcast] Indrani Bagchi discusses the geopolitics of the Quadrilateral Security Dialogue on Puliyabaazi. . Get on the email list at publicpolicy.substack.com

When there's change in the Middle East, there is a good chance the United States had something to do with it, as with the recent accords between Israel and four Arab states. And now a new American president is preparing to move into the White House. What could this mean for the region, asks Jeremy Bowen. Thailand has been convulsed by large demonstrations this year, in which young people have been calling for reform and for changes to the once untouchable monarchy, even though criticising the king carries long prison sentences. Royalists are shocked by these campaigns and want things to stay as they are, says Jonathan Head. Italy's coronavirus crisis started in the north and eventually reached the far south, including the region of Calabria. An area blighted not just by the pandemic, but also by the powerful and ruthless 'Ndrangheta mafia whose crimes have made it much harder to cope with the virus for restaurants and even for hospitals, as Mark Lowen found out. Relations between China and the west have come under strain in recent years – but we buy vast amounts of Chinese products, and so China has developed its “Belt and Road” initiative. Part of its purpose is to enable the transport of goods from China to Europe by train. This has brought investment as far as Germany's former industrial region of the Ruhr, says Caroline Bayley. The Galapagos islands off the coast of Ecuador are known for their wildlife, from slow giant tortoises to fast baby iguanas. Charles Darwin spent five weeks there, and then developed the theory of evolution. Apart from the survival of the fittest, it's also about adaptation. Something that's been happening on these islands during the pandemic, as Jamie Lafferty reports. Presenter: Kate Adie Producer: Arlene Gregorius

With the Short Parliament dissolved, Charles raises a new army as best he can without English taxation. But across the kingdom, resentment and unrest spreads, and unpopular officers and Laudian churches face the consequences. Fanning the flames were an endless stream of Covenanter propaganda, circulated along Puritan networks and plastered across towns and cities, while the Royalists mount their own campaign for public opinion. Listen to Human Circus HERE: https://pod.link/1194921513 Check out the podcast website: https://www.paxbritannica.info Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/PodBritannica/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/BritannicaPax Patreon: https://Patreon.com/PaxBritannica Donate: https://www.paypal.com/donate?token=o8YvWF6xKTcsS1U7xAzp2EqmYBGR5vQJwvIwI4VqZk4jXzM7iczctH2l9Yo9u0RcApBuid5Ojv9Qsemh For this episode, I found the following publications particularly useful: Adams, Goodare, Scotland in the Age of Two Revolutions Russell, C The Causes of the English Civil War Kishlansky, M, Monarchy Transformed Macinnes, Allan, The British Revolution, 1629-1660 Harris, T. Rebellion  Keynon, Ohlmeyer, The Civil Wars James Miller, ‘The Scottish mercenary as a migrant labourer in Europe, 1550-1650’, in Erik-Jan Zürcher (ed), Fighting for a Living Book Subtitle: A Comparative Study of Military Labour 1500-2000 Smith, David, The Stuart Parliaments, 1603-1689 Alexia Grosjean, Steve Murdoch, Alexander Leslie and the Scottish generals of the Thirty Years' War, 1618-1648 Steve Murdoch (ed), Scotland and the Thirty Years' War Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

"Y" is for Sir John Yeamans (1611-1674). Governor. A native of Bristol, England, Yeamans was a Royalist soldier during the English civil war. In 1650, he joined other Royalists in immigrating to Barbados where he became a large landowner, judge, and member of the council. In 1665, Yeamans was named governor of the unsuccessful Barbadian colony at Cape Fear. In 1671, the Proprietors named him a landgrave and he immigrated to Carolina. Upon his arrival he claimed the governorship over the objections of local officials. However, in 1672, the Proprietors did appoint him to the office. In the slightly more than two years Yeamans was governor, he sold food at inflated prices for his own benefit. At the time of his death, the Proprietors had issued an order removing Sir John Yeamans as governor.

Mike Carey joins the WCCS for a great informative chat. He is the author of The Girl With All The Gifts, The Book of Koli and many many comics. Be sure to check out this author tip-filled show where we delve into what it's like being on the film set of your own story. His new book The Fall of Koli: The Rampart Trilogy is our in March 2021. The Fall of Koli is the third and final novel in the breathtakingly original Rampart trilogy - set in a strange and deadly world of our own making. The world that is lost will come back to haunt us . . . Koli has come a long way since being exiled from his small village of Mythen Rood. In his search for the fabled tech of the old times, he knew he'd be battling strange, terrible beasts and trees that move as fast as whips. But he has already encountered so much more than he bargained for. Now that Koli and his companions have found the source of the signal they've been following - the mysterious "Sword of Albion" - there is hope that their perilous journey will finally be worth something. Until they unearth terrifying truths about an ancient war . . . and realise that it may have never ended. Our BEER TOKEN BOOK PROMOTION this week is @Majere613 T.R. Peers. Please support the authors that support this show! The novels of the Thelenic Curriculum tell the story of a world where magic is as much a fact of life as science. The Lily College rules the Empire of the Curriculum, rivalled by the Kingdom of Abelia and keeping a wary eye on the monolithic Celestial Harmony of the Daxalai in the west. At the climax of a civil war between the College Magisters and those loyal to the insane Royal Family, a desperate last ritual by the Royalists summons Operative Amanda Devereux from a world very much like our own. There are presently three books in the series, with a fourth coming in 2021. https://www.trpeers.com/ --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/writingcommunitychatshow/support

After some losses at the hands of the Royalists, Oliver Cromwell and his new army, the 'Eastern Association' (later to become the New Model Army) scored a decisive turning point with a crushing victory at the battle of Marston Moor. But divisions were opening up on the parliamentary side between the radical and conservative elements.

In our podcast series 'The World Turned Upside Down', Alan Woods (editor of In Defence of Marxism) discusses the English Revolution: a colossal event in world history that dealt an irreparable blow to feudal absolutism. In our latest episode, Alan discusses how, with the Parliamentarians in a favourable position at the outbreak of the Civil War, thousands of men enlisted to fight on their side. The Royalists, relying on the less economically developed regions, were dependent on superior cavalry and a stubborn unwillingness to surrender. The stage was set for a colossal engagement between the two sides, which put a stop to any hope of compromise. A careful study of the English Revolution is obligatory for every class-conscious worker, Leon Trotsky noted. So tune in every week and listen to Alan explain this important chapter in British history from a Marxist perspective. Join us in the fight for socialism: Join - socialist.net/join Donate - socialist.net/donate Subscribe - socialist.net/subscribe Follow us on Facebook, YouTube, Twitter and our podcast, Marxist Voice: Facebook - facebook.com/SocialistAppeal YouTube - youtube.com/c/SocialistNet1917 Twitter - twitter.com/socialist_app Podcast - wavve.link/marxistvoice

In the latest of our series tackling the big questions on major historical topics, historian Mark Stoyle responds to listener queries and popular search enquiries about the conflict between Royalists and Parliamentarians that wracked the British Isles in the middle of the 17th century. Historyextra.com/podcast See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

"I PURITANI" [The Puritans] is Vincenzo Bellini's last and most complete belcanto opera. The plot of the opera sets a love triangle against the background of the struggle between Puritans and Royalists in the English Civil War of 1640, with Puritan Elvira madly in love with Royalist Arturo"

"I PURITANI" [The Puritans] is Vincenzo Bellini's last and most complete belcanto opera. The plot of the opera sets a love triangle against the background of the struggle between Puritans and Royalists in the English Civil War of 1640, with Puritan Elvira madly in love with Royalist Arturo"

Caernarfon Castle (Welsh: Castell Caernarfon) – often anglicised as Carnarvon Castle or Caernarvon Castle – is a medieval fortress in Caernarfon, Gwynedd, north-west Wales cared for by Cadw, the Welsh Government's historic environment service. It was a motte-and-bailey castle from the late 11th century until 1283 when King Edward I of England began to replace it with the current stone structure. The Edwardian town and castle acted as the administrative centre of north Wales, and as a result the defences were built on a grand scale. There was a deliberate link with Caernarfon's Roman past, and the Roman fort of Segontium is nearby. While the castle was under construction, town walls were built around Caernarfon. The work cost between £20,000 and £25,000 from the start until the work ended in 1330. Although the castle appears mostly complete from the outside, the interior buildings no longer survive and many of the building plans were never finished. The town and castle were sacked in 1294 when Madog ap Llywelyn led a rebellion against the English. Caernarfon was recaptured the following year. During the Glyndŵr Rising of 1400–1415, the castle was besieged. When the Tudor dynasty ascended to the English throne in 1485, tensions between the Welsh and English began to diminish and castles were considered less important. As a result, Caernarfon Castle was allowed to fall into a state of disrepair. Despite its dilapidated condition, during the English Civil War Caernarfon Castle was held by Royalists, and was besieged three times by Parliamentarian forces. This was the last time the castle was used in war. The castle was neglected until the 19th century when the state funded repairs. The castle was used for the investiture of the Prince of Wales in 1911 and again in 1969. It is part of the World Heritage Site "Castles and Town Walls of King Edward in Gwynedd". --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/allthingsplantagenet/support

Australia's Head of State is a 90+ year old English woman. Has the Monarchy had its day or is it doing a good job? Should Australia retain the British Royal family? Would we be better off having our own President? Would that just turn in to an idiotic popularity contest? Join Mike the Llama and Dr. Brant Raven as they Prick the Bubble of The Monarchy!

Sussex Squad ,  We have Afua Hirsch on our podcast today eeekkkkk! Cue Tina freaking out!! We wanted to take the time to say thanks to Professor Maynard for helping us snag this! And and a special thanks to Afua for agreeing to join uThe problem Our sincere apologies for some of the sound issues! We had some problems connecting, so we had to record over the phone with Tina holding the phone to the microphone. we tried to clean up the background noise but we just couldn’t Topics Covered: Danny Baker ( We lost a lot of audio in this segment) 1:43 Diversity in Journalism in the UK especially within the royal press corp 4:27 How can we support Meghan though we don’t support the Monarchy 9:41 The Monarchy’s history with colonialism and slavery and how to separate that from Meghan 15:02 Finally, who has the best Jollof Rice (Ghana or Nigeria) LOL! 17:10   Charities we are supporting: http://bit.ly/2YuYhc9   If you click and purchase from the links below you will be supporting our platform For those looking for all of the smart set stuff in one place here you go!           Tote  http://bit.ly/2kyeL1z  Misha Shirt  http://bit.ly/2mafeHn  V neck dress http://bit.ly/2m6RMuD Blazer http://bit.ly/2kPWI70 Slim fit tapered pants http://bit.ly/2klExWr Please don’t forget to send letters to Harry, Meghan, and Archie using this address! The Duke & Duchess of Sussex Clarence House London SW1A 1BA England United Kingdom   Please subscribe YouTube https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCjMD_ukTo0t6ZfvOXP_y0xQ  and hit the notification button!

Historic houses are a common sight in the English county of Dorset. One in particular situated near the picturesque town of Dorchester is among the best preserved medieval houses in all of England, and reportedly the most haunted.House is a perfect example of an English manor house built in the early Tudor architectural style. Its construction was begun by Sir William Martyn in 1485. Pieces of the original medieval furniture can still be seen in the interior today - Elizabethan carved panels, ornate ceilings, and impressive artwork decorate the rooms, as in Tudor times.In 1891, Alfred Cart de Lafontaine purchased and restored the manor house. However, he is most remembered for creating the beautiful gardens around the house, influenced by the Arts and Crafts movement of the time.Throughout the years the house has had many hands and in 1957 the manor house was purchased by Robert Victor Cooke and today it is in the ownership of his grandson.Athelhampton House was said to be haunted as far back as the 1850s and is considered among the most haunted houses in England. People have reported seeing a ghost of a woman nicknamed the Grey Lady, a dark silhouette of what is believed to be the ghost of a monk, and the most famous ghost: a pet ape. There are dozens of reported sightings of each of these ghosts as well as many other strange phenomenon.One report that stands out at this location is the pair of duelists in the Great Chamber. One day a woman was trying to relax and read a book in the Great Hall when two unknown men burst into the chamber in the middle of a sword fight. The woman continually pulled on the bell rope for the servants but nobody arrived. She turned to her side and carried on reading while the fight continued until one of the men were cut on the arm and left the room.Later that day the woman reported the incident to the owner and he replied puzzled at the whole thing. He stated, “I can’t understand who the men were you had seen, as all the guests of the hotel were here at tea, so you would have seen them”. Still to this day the two men have never been identified, although the house is believed to have had connections to the Royalists during the Civil War.The wine cellar adjoins the Great Hall and is said to experience tapping from a ghost known as ‘Cooper’. There is not much known about this particular entity or why Cooper is haunting this particular location.Various owners, staff and guests of Athelhampton House have all seen what can only be described as a Grey Lady. The current owner of Athelhampton Mr Robert Cooke, has reported seeing her in the early hours passing through the walls in the bedrooms.A dark apparition that looked like a monk was seen by one of the housemaids in broad daylight. The woman became aware of footsteps behind her in one of the corridors. She quickly turned to see the monk standing outside the bathroom door. It is believed that this person was the Catholic priest to the Martyn family. Other witnesses have seen this monk-like apparition on the property and in the garden.But the most talked about ghost of this old manor is that of the pet ape that is said to have been entombed, accidentally within the walls of the building. Today, witnesses claim to hear the pet ape scratching and clawing his way to try to escape.But headlines in the Sunday papers have runaway with the story. One of the Sun's headlines reads: The ghost of a masturbating ape haunts the hallways of a grand country estate in DorsetThe article continues to say The ghost of a randy monkey haunts the halls of a grand English country estate – where romantic spook-hunters flock to tie the knot.Titillated tourists can often hear the saucy spectre laughing while masturbating in Athelhampton Hall in Dorset, near Dorchester.One tourist, dad-of-three John Morrison, 41 from Derby, who took his entire family to the estate, spoke excitedly about the spanking spookHe said "We heard that Martyn the monkey who haunts the house loves to scratch his privates while swinging around."We didn't see him, which is a shame, because it would have been a real sight."Apparently he's not terrifying - quite friendly is what we heard.According to the local legend, the unconventional Martyn family did have a pet ape which was free to wander the halls.And when one of the Martyn daughters had an unhappy love affair and decided to kill herself, the compassionate monkey began following her around.When she climbed a set of hidden stairs to a secret room, the ape trailed behind, and watched as she took her own life with the door bolted.By the time the family's search of the house and grounds eventually located the room, the ape had starved to death next to her body.Now its ghost haunts the hall, often scratching at the panelling of the secret room and staircase in an eternal, frantic attempt to escape.Athelhampton reputation as a haunted house date back centuries and the curious have ventured into the house to seek the spirits there. In 2002, the show Most Haunted featured the manor in one of their earliest investigations – their first season and their first taped episode. This was at a time when there was less drama, less screaming and less fakery. But keep in mind as you listen that Darek Acorah, the supposed psychic, is in this episode grunting like a great ape. To our relief he does not masturbate. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Lucy Moore speaks with James McConnachie about recovering the life of a civil war aristocrat from her ‘receipt book’, the roots of chemistry in the housewife’s distilling room, and the contrasting attitudes of Puritans and Royalists to the role of women in society. The post Lucy Moore, part 1 appeared first on The Royal Literary Fund.

In February of 1813, Spanish Royalist forces under Texas Governor Manuel Salcedo stormed the Republicans besieged in Goliad – and were resoundingly repulsed. The Republicans broke out of Goliad and pursued the Royalists all the way back to San Antonio, where Salcedo and Gutiérrez de Lara met in one final battle.We finally lay our hands on maps from the early 1800's that might tell us where contemporaries believed that the Battle of Medina had taken place.

In February of 1813, Spanish Royalist forces under Texas Governor Manuel Salcedo stormed the Republicans besieged in Goliad – and were resoundingly repulsed. The Republicans broke out of Goliad and pursued the Royalists all the way back to San Antonio, where Salcedo and Gutiérrez de Lara met in one final battle. We finally lay our hands on maps from the early 1800’s that might tell us where contemporaries believed that the Battle of Medina had taken place.

The Yahoo & YouGov deep-dive into very British behaviours is back. Join data journalist Victoria Waldersee from YouGov, along with the Head of News at Yahoo UK, Stuart Henderson, and editor Matilda Long as they unpack statistics around the theme of the royal family with Nick Ede, PR and brand expert and charity campaigner and commentator on The Royal Box.How many Brits are monarchists? (HOW many?)Who is our favourite member of the royal family? (Sorry, Camilla.)How many of us would actually want to be a royal? (Are you sure?)CREDITSHosted by Stuart Henderson, Matilda Long and Victoria WalderseeResearch support provided by YouGov OmnibusProduced by Caithlin MercerEngineered by Danny Allin See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

In this video from the 2018 Revolution Festival, Alan Woods (editor of In Defence of Marxism) discusses the events of the English Civil War - England's revolution. The civil war in the 17th century saw the forces of Parliament battling against the monarchy of Charles I, fighting for power over England. In essence, this was a revolutionary struggle for domination by the rising bourgeois class of merchants and bankers - an attempt to usurp the old feudal institutions of the monarchy. Pivotal to the success of the 'Roundheads' (the supporters of Parliament) in the conflict against the Royalists was the role played by Oliver Cromwell, leader of the New Model Army. And within Cromwell's army were an even more radical wing - the Levellers - who wanted to go even further, anticipating the mass movements of the Chartists in the 19th century and their demands for universal democratic rights. The task today is to fight for a new revolution - one that throws both the monarchy and the capitalists into the dustbin of history where they belong.

Today Andrew and Jael welcome Sadface Killer to the show! They played 'Frown', 'Plus Ultra', and a cover of 'Loro' by Pinback live in studio, and we talked about their journey from their humble beginnings as "Will Smith" to where they are today. Watch out for them November 24th at Monarch Music Hall with Ghost Key, Portals, Born a New, The Royalists, and Cole Hollow. They just dropped a music video for their single 'Taking Your Mom Out on a Nice Date', their newest single from their upcoming LP 'Domino Line'.

This week we talk about Oliver Cromwell - Parliamentary visionary or war criminal? He is a figure that divides opinion, even amongst supporters. If you want to read more, here are our sources: http://www.olivercromwell.org/wordpress/ http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/civil_war_revolution/cromwell_01.shtml https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cromwellian_conquest_of_Ireland https://www.independent.ie/regionals/droghedaindependent/localnotes/cromwell-there-is-absolutely-no-solid-contemporary-evidence-that-civilians-were-killed-at-drogheda-27123593.html https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p8eAZK8biR0 https://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/HistoryofEngland/Oliver-Cromwell/

A Sermon by Pastor Jackel in Matthew 22:15-22 and selected scriptures on Sunday Evening 22nd July 2018

The English Civil War was not seen by either the Royalist or Parliamentarian side as a war that would last too long. Open warfare broke out because King Charles I of England didn't call a Parliament for 11 years, until he needed money to fight a war in his other Kingdom, Scotland. Once called, Parliament attempted to impose many restrictions on Charles in the realms of politics, religion, and especially taxation. Charles tried to ignore them, to little effect. Yet it appeared neither side wanted a large scale military conflict. By 1642, the relation between King and Parliament broke down enough for each side to begin raising armies. The Royalists had an advantage in military leaders, while Parliament was able to get armories and weapons caches. In August of 1642, Charles raised his Royal Standard at Nottingham, essentially declaring war. Deciding to move towards London, Charles' army encountered a Parliamentary army at Edgehill in Warwickshire. The Royalists began with a successful cavalry charge, but the Parliamentarians countered with their infantry. Ultimately, the battle was a stalemate, which led to more inconclusive fighting that would go on for years.

How did Royalists cope following the defeat of their cause in the British Civil War? What made it into their letters, diaries and scrapbooks? And how did they prevent their letters from giving the recipients smallpox? Plus forged passports, suspiciously tired horses, and why a good camera can be a historian's best friend.   Robbie Rudge is a PhD student in History at the University of Nottingham. For more on his topic visit the 1066 blog.

In late 1643, Parliament sealed a military alliance with the Scots. Their combined force defeated the Royalists at Marston Moor. 

After negotiations with Parliament broke down, King Charles raised his standard in August, 1642. The opening campaigns of the First Civil War tilted in the Royalists favor. 

In 1264 when De Montfort set out from London he would have been conscious that this was a last throw; after losses to the Royalists in the midlands his only chance was a decisive victory. Lewes gave him that victory, and opened a remarkable period in England's history, a period of constitutional monarchy. 

BeerCast #13 – Organic Special. The organic label is fast becoming a sign of quality (and expense) when it comes to food – but what about beer? This podcast sees our panel get to grips with four that are certified organic by the Soil Association. On the panel today – Richard, Shovels, Grooben, and a debut for Tom the Hopmeister. Royalists might not want to listen to the final part of this one… 1. Hakhamanesh Organic Lager (5.0%) 2. Brakspear Oxford Gold (4.6%) 3. Black Isle Organic Porter (4.5%) 4. Duchy Originals Select Ale (6.2%) www.thebeercast.com thebeercast@gmail.com @thebeercast The post BeerCast #13 – Organic Special appeared first on The BeerCast.

Sir Robert Moray brought together members of Gresham College, rich Royalists and struggling Republicans to found the world's first scientific society. This is his swashbuckling story.Scientist and author Dr Robert Lomas has a keen interest in history. His best-selling work The Invisible...