Podcasts about combinatorial

Safety and security-critical systems require extensive test and evaluation, but existing high assurance test methods are based on structural coverage criteria that do not apply to many black box AI and machine learning components.   AI/ML systems make decisions based on training data rather than conventionally programmed functions.  Autonomous systems that rely on these components therefore require assurance methods that evaluate input data to ensure that they can function correctly in their environments with inputs they will encounter.  Combinatorial test methods can provide added assurance for these systems and complement conventional verification and test for AI/ML.This talk reviews some combinatorial methods that can be used to provide assured autonomy, including:Background on combinatorial test methodsWhy conventional test methods are not sufficient for many or most autonomous systemsWhere combinatorial methods applyAssurance based on input space coverageExplainable AI as part of validation About the speaker: Rick Kuhn is a computer scientist in the Computer Security Division at NIST, and is a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). He co-developed the role based access control (RBAC) model that is the dominant form of access control today. His current research focuses on combinatorial methods for assured autonomy and hardware security/functional verification. He has authored three books and more than 200 conference or journal publications on cybersecurity, software failure, and software verification and testing.

This talk provides a deep time perspective for assessing the behavioural implications of the creation of the earliest known structure and the technologies used in its making. Evidence for the earliest structure appears relatively late, about 500,000 years ago in Zambia, and before the evolution of Homo sapiens. The next oldest structures were made by Neanderthals in Europe, 176,000 years ago. The site in Zambia preserves rare evidence for the shaping and fitting together of two tree trunks to make a stable framework. The process of combining parts to make a whole reflects a conceptually new approach to technology, one which remains central to everything we make as humans, including structures. Did the invention of combinatorial technology require the use of language to discuss and evaluate diverse ways to form new constructs and constructions? This question arises from the extended planning and expertise needed in the making of combinatorial tools.    Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 40160]

This talk provides a deep time perspective for assessing the behavioural implications of the creation of the earliest known structure and the technologies used in its making. Evidence for the earliest structure appears relatively late, about 500,000 years ago in Zambia, and before the evolution of Homo sapiens. The next oldest structures were made by Neanderthals in Europe, 176,000 years ago. The site in Zambia preserves rare evidence for the shaping and fitting together of two tree trunks to make a stable framework. The process of combining parts to make a whole reflects a conceptually new approach to technology, one which remains central to everything we make as humans, including structures. Did the invention of combinatorial technology require the use of language to discuss and evaluate diverse ways to form new constructs and constructions? This question arises from the extended planning and expertise needed in the making of combinatorial tools.    Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 40160]

This talk provides a deep time perspective for assessing the behavioural implications of the creation of the earliest known structure and the technologies used in its making. Evidence for the earliest structure appears relatively late, about 500,000 years ago in Zambia, and before the evolution of Homo sapiens. The next oldest structures were made by Neanderthals in Europe, 176,000 years ago. The site in Zambia preserves rare evidence for the shaping and fitting together of two tree trunks to make a stable framework. The process of combining parts to make a whole reflects a conceptually new approach to technology, one which remains central to everything we make as humans, including structures. Did the invention of combinatorial technology require the use of language to discuss and evaluate diverse ways to form new constructs and constructions? This question arises from the extended planning and expertise needed in the making of combinatorial tools.    Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 40160]

This talk provides a deep time perspective for assessing the behavioural implications of the creation of the earliest known structure and the technologies used in its making. Evidence for the earliest structure appears relatively late, about 500,000 years ago in Zambia, and before the evolution of Homo sapiens. The next oldest structures were made by Neanderthals in Europe, 176,000 years ago. The site in Zambia preserves rare evidence for the shaping and fitting together of two tree trunks to make a stable framework. The process of combining parts to make a whole reflects a conceptually new approach to technology, one which remains central to everything we make as humans, including structures. Did the invention of combinatorial technology require the use of language to discuss and evaluate diverse ways to form new constructs and constructions? This question arises from the extended planning and expertise needed in the making of combinatorial tools.    Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 40160]

This talk provides a deep time perspective for assessing the behavioural implications of the creation of the earliest known structure and the technologies used in its making. Evidence for the earliest structure appears relatively late, about 500,000 years ago in Zambia, and before the evolution of Homo sapiens. The next oldest structures were made by Neanderthals in Europe, 176,000 years ago. The site in Zambia preserves rare evidence for the shaping and fitting together of two tree trunks to make a stable framework. The process of combining parts to make a whole reflects a conceptually new approach to technology, one which remains central to everything we make as humans, including structures. Did the invention of combinatorial technology require the use of language to discuss and evaluate diverse ways to form new constructs and constructions? This question arises from the extended planning and expertise needed in the making of combinatorial tools.    Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 40160]

This talk provides a deep time perspective for assessing the behavioural implications of the creation of the earliest known structure and the technologies used in its making. Evidence for the earliest structure appears relatively late, about 500,000 years ago in Zambia, and before the evolution of Homo sapiens. The next oldest structures were made by Neanderthals in Europe, 176,000 years ago. The site in Zambia preserves rare evidence for the shaping and fitting together of two tree trunks to make a stable framework. The process of combining parts to make a whole reflects a conceptually new approach to technology, one which remains central to everything we make as humans, including structures. Did the invention of combinatorial technology require the use of language to discuss and evaluate diverse ways to form new constructs and constructions? This question arises from the extended planning and expertise needed in the making of combinatorial tools.    Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Humanities] [Science] [Show ID: 40160]

Подкаст RadioDotNet выпуск №98 от 15 августа 2024 года Сайт подкаста: radio.dotnet.ru Boosty (₽): boosty.to/RadioDotNet Темы: [00:02:00] — What's new in .NET Aspire 8.1 devblogs.microsoft.com/dotnet/whats-new-in-aspire-8-1 [00:13:45] — Tales from the .NET Migration Trenches (Part 3)jimmybogard.com/tales-from-the-net-migration-trenches-... jimmybogard.com/tales-from-the-net-migration-trenches-... [00:31:55] — Introducing collection expressions in C# 12 andrewlock.net/behind-the-scenes-of-collection-expres... andrewlock.net/behind-the-scenes-of-collection-expres... andrewlock.net/behind-the-scenes-of-collection-expres... andrewlock.net/behind-the-scenes-of-collection-expres... andrewlock.net/behind-the-scenes-of-collection-expres... [00:59:40] — Simplifying [Theory] test data with Xunit.Combinatorial andrewlock.net/simplifying-theory-test-data-with-xuni... [01:08:33] — Кратко о разном nikiforovall.github.io/dotnet/dependify youtube.com/watch learn.microsoft.com/dotnet/standard/serialization/binaryfo... habr.com/ru/articles/829086 github.com/FoggyBalrog/MermaidDotNet Фоновая музыка: Максим Аршинов «Pensive yeti.0.1»

Welcome to the ongoing mini-series The Orthogonal Bet. Hosted by ⁠Samuel Arbesman⁠, a Complexity Scientist, Author, and Scientist in Residence at Lux Capital. In this episode, he speaks with Hilary Mason, co-founder and CEO of Hidden Door, a startup creating a platform for interactive storytelling experiences within works of fiction. Hilary has also worked in machine learning and data science, having built a machine learning R&D company called Fast Forward Labs, which she sold to Cloudera. She was the chief scientist at Bitly and even a computer science professor. Samuel wanted to talk to Hilary not only because of her varied experiences but also because she has thought deeply about how to use AI productively—and far from naively—in games and other applications. She believes that artificial intelligence, including the current crop of generative AI, should be incorporated thoughtfully into software, rather than used without careful examination of its strengths and weaknesses. Additionally, Samuel, who often considers non-traditional research organizations, was eager to get Hilary's thoughts on this space, given her experience building such an organization. Produced by ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Christopher Gates⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Music by ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠George Ko⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ & Suno

Topics covered in this episode: Python is easy now Trying out free-threaded Python on macOS Module itertools overview uptime-kuma Extras Joke Watch on YouTube About the show Sponsored by ScoutAPM: pythonbytes.fm/scout Connect with the hosts Michael: @mkennedy@fosstodon.org Brian: @brianokken@fosstodon.org Show: @pythonbytes@fosstodon.org Join us on YouTube at pythonbytes.fm/live to be part of the audience. Usually Tuesdays at 10am PT. Older video versions available there too. Finally, if you want an artisanal, hand-crafted digest of every week of the show notes in email form? Add your name and email to our friends of the show list, we'll never share it. Brian #1: Python is easy now or Postmodern Python or Beyond Hypermodern Chris Ardene Mostly a cool review of using rye for setup linting typing testing documentation CI/CD Also a nice discussion of how to deal with a Monorepo for Python projects Michael #2: Trying out free-threaded Python on macOS via pycoders How to install free threaded Python the easy way Testing the CPU bound work speed ups for FT Python Brian #3: Module itertools overview Rodrigo 20 tools that every Python developer should be aware of. In 5 categories Reshaping Filtering Combinatorial Infinite Iterators that complement other tools Things I forgot about chain pairwise zip_longest tee Michael #4: uptime-kuma A fancy self-hosted monitoring tool Features Monitoring uptime for HTTP(s) / TCP / HTTP(s) Keyword / HTTP(s) Json Query / Ping / DNS Record / Push / Steam Game Server / Docker Containers Fancy, Reactive, Fast UI/UX Notifications via Telegram, Discord, Gotify, Slack, Pushover, Email (SMTP), and 90+ notification services, click here for the full list 20-second intervals Multi Languages Multiple status pages Map status pages to specific domains Ping chart Certificate info Proxy support 2FA support Extras Brian: Still working on a new pytest course. Hoping to get it released soon-ish. Michael: Open source Switzerland spyoungtech/FreeSimpleGUI — actively maintained fork of the last release of PySimpleGUI Joke: Java vs. JavaScript

Leah Krubitzer | MacArthur Fellow   Professor of Psychology | University of California, Davis"Combinatorial Creatures: Cortical Plasticity Within and Across Lifetimes" The neocortex is one of the most distinctive structures of the mammalian brain, yet also one of the most varied in terms of both size and organization. Multiple processes have contributed to this variability including evolutionary mechanisms (i.e., changes in gene sequence) that alter the size, organization and connections of the neocortex, and activity dependent mechanisms that can also modify these same features over shorter time scales. Because the neocortex does not develop or evolve in a vacuum, when considering how different cortical phenotypes emerge within a species and across species over time, it is also important to consider alterations to the body, to behavior, and the environment in which an individual develops. Thus, changes to the neocortex can arise via different mechanisms, and over multiple time scales. Brains can change across large, evolutionary time scales of thousands to millions of years; across shorter time scales such as generations; and across the life of an individual – day-by-day, within hours, minutes and even on a time scale of a second. The combination of genetic and activity dependent mechanisms that create a given cortical phenotype allows the mammalian neocortex to rapidly and flexibly adjust to different body and environmental contexts, and in humans permits culture to impact brain construction during development.

Sue Yom, our Editor-in-Chief, co-hosts with Dr. Salma Jabbour, Deputy Editor at the Red Journal and Professor, Vice Chair of Clinical Research and Faculty Development, and Clinical Chief of the Department of Radiation Oncology at Rutgers University. Guests include Drs. Amar Kishan, Professor, Vice Chair of Clinical and Translational Research, and Chief of the Genitourinary Oncology Service, and Minsong Cao, Professor, Vice Chair of Academic Mission Development, and Director of the Medical Physics Residency Training Program, who were supervising authors on a new study published this month, Quantifying Intrafraction Motion and the Impact of Gating for Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided Stereotactic Radiation therapy for Prostate Cancer: Analysis of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Arm From the MIRAGE Phase 3 Randomized Trial. We also welcome Dr. Lauren Henke, Associate Professor of Radiation Oncology and Director of Gastrointestinal Radiation Oncology at the University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, who authored an editorial this month entitled Undoing the Layers: Magnetic Resonance Imaging/Advanced Image Guidance and Adaptive Radiation Therapy.

In this week's episode, Anna (https://twitter.com/annarrose) and Tarun (https://twitter.com/tarunchitra) chat with Noam Nisan (https://twitter.com/noamnisan), Professor at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (https://www.cs.huji.ac.il/~noam/), Principle Researcher at StarkWare Industries (https://starkware.co) and one of the pioneers in the field of Algorithmic Game Theory. They cover his extensive research and academic background, starting with his work on complexity theory as well as Algorithmic Game Theory and his current work on blockchains and Tokenomics at StarkWare. They discuss his recent blog post; Simple Tokenomics for a Proof-of-Stake Utility Token (https://starkware.co/resource/simple-tokenomics-for-a-proof-of-stake-utility-token/), comparing the measurable Tokenomic outcomes of different live PoS systems and explore how Noam aimed to better communicate best practices for those designing these systems, plus much more. Here's some additional links for this episode: Simple Tokenomics for a Proof-of-Stake Utility Token by Noam Nisan (https://starkware.co/resource/simple-tokenomics-for-a-proof-of-stake-utility-token/) Algorithmic Game Theory by Nisan, Roughgarden, Tardos and Vasirani (https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~sandholm/cs15-892F13/algorithmic-game-theory.pdf) The Elements of Computing Systems by Nisan and Schocken (https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262539807/the-elements-of-computing-systems/) Game Theory, Alive by Karlin and Peres (https://yuvalperes.com/game-theory-alive/) Algorithmic VS Mechanism Design (https://mbraverm.princeton.edu/research/mech-design/#:~:text=Algorithmic%20mechanism%20design%20specifically%20studies,study%20algorithmic%20mechanism%20design%20now) The Federmann Center for the Study of Rationality at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem (https://ratio.huji.ac.il/) Combinatorial agency by Babaioff, Feldman, Nisan and Winter (https://www.cs.tau.ac.il/~mfeldman/papers/BFNWj12.pdf) Noam Nisan Google Scholar (https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=zXQZPnMAAAAJ&hl=en) Applications to attend zkSummit11 are now open, head over to the zkSummit website (https://www.zksummit.com/) to apply now. The event will be held on 10 April in Athens, Greece. Aleo (http://aleo.org/) is a new Layer-1 blockchain that achieves the programmability of Ethereum, the privacy of Zcash, and the scalability of a rollup. As Aleo is gearing up for their mainnet launch in Q1, this is an invitation to be part of a transformational ZK journey. Dive deeper and discover more about Aleo at http://aleo.org/ (http://aleo.org/) If you like what we do: * Find all our links here! @ZeroKnowledge | Linktree (https://linktr.ee/zeroknowledge) * Subscribe to our podcast newsletter (https://zeroknowledge.substack.com) * Follow us on Twitter @zeroknowledgefm (https://twitter.com/zeroknowledgefm) * Join us on Telegram (https://zeroknowledge.fm/telegram) * Catch us on YouTube (https://zeroknowledge.fm/)

Please visit answersincme.com/EKH860 to participate, download slides and supporting materials, complete the post test, and obtain credit. In this activity, an expert in oncology discusses frontline immunotherapy-based combination strategies to improve outcomes in patients with advanced biliary tract cancer. Upon completion of this activity, participants should be better able to: Review the rationale for including immunotherapy as a component of a therapeutic approach for patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC); Describe the clinical profiles of immunotherapy plus chemotherapy combinatorial approaches for the treatment of advanced BTC; and Outline practical strategies to enhance evidence-based care of patients with advanced BTC on a combined immunotherapy plus chemotherapy approach.

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.08.03.551705v1?rss=1 Authors: Murray, R., Navarrete, N. R. R., Desai, K., Chowdhury, M. R., Chilakapati, S. R., Chong, B., Messana, A., Sobon, H., Rocha, J., Musenge, F., Camblin, A., Ciaramella, G., Sitkovsky, M., Maldini, C., Hatfield, S. Abstract: Biochemical and immunological negative regulators converge to inhibit tumor-reactive Chimeric Antigen Receptor T (CAR-T) cells, which may explain clinical failures of CAR-T cell therapies against solid tumors. Here, we developed a multifaceted approach to genetically engineer allogeneic ("off-the-shelf") CAR-T cells resistant to both biochemical (adenosine) and immunological (PD-L1 and TGF-{beta}) inhibitory signaling. We multiplexed an adenine base editor with a CRISPR-Cas12b nuclease to manufacture a CAR-T cell product comprising six gene edits to evade allorejection (B2M, CIITA), prevent graft-versus-host disease (CD3E) and resist major biochemical (ADORA2A) and immunological (PDCD1, TGFBR2) immunosuppressive barriers in solid tumors. Combinatorial genetic disruption in CAR-T cells enabled superior anti-tumor efficacy leading to improved tumor elimination and survival in humanized mouse models that recapitulated the suppressive features of a human tumor microenvironment (TME). This novel engineering strategy conferred CAR-T cells resistance to a diverse TME, which may unlock the therapeutic potential of CAR-T cells against solid tumors. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.06.26.546565v1?rss=1 Authors: Hoyer, M. J., Smith, I. R., Paoli, J. C., Jiang, Y., Paulo, J. A., Harper, W. Abstract: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has a vast proteomic landscape to perform many diverse functions including protein and lipid synthesis, calcium ion flux, and inter-organelle communication. The ER proteome is remodeled in part through membrane-embedded receptors linking ER to degradative autophagy machinery (selective ER-phagy). A refined tubular ER network is formed in neurons within highly polarized dendrites and axons. Autophagy-deficient neurons in vivo display axonal ER accumulation within synaptic ER boutons, and the ER-phagy receptor FAM134B has been genetically linked with human sensory and autonomic neuropathy. However, mechanisms, including receptor selectivity, that define ER remodeling by autophagy in neurons are limited. Here, we combine a genetically tractable induced neuron (iNeuron) system for monitoring extensive ER remodeling during differentiation with proteomic and computational tools to create a quantitative landscape of ER proteome remodeling via selective autophagy. Through analysis of single and combinatorial ER-phagy receptor mutants, we delineate the extent to which each receptor contributes to both magnitude and selectivity of ER clearance via autophagy for individual ER protein cargos. We define specific subsets of ER curvature-shaping proteins or lumenal proteins as preferred clients for distinct receptors. Using spatial sensors and flux reporters, we demonstrate receptor-specific autophagic capture of ER in axons, which correlates with aberrant ER accumulation in axons of ER-phagy receptor or autophagy-deficient neurons. This molecular inventory of ER proteome remodeling and versatile genetic toolkit provides a quantitative framework for understanding contributions of individual ER-phagy receptors for reshaping ER during cell state transitions. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.06.22.546160v1?rss=1 Authors: Ramirez, M. D., Bui, T., Katz, P. S. Abstract: Gastropod molluscs, such as Aplysia, Lymnaea, and Tritonia have been important for determining fundamental rules of motor control and learning and memory because they have individually identifiable neurons. This has allowed neural circuits to be worked out using pair-wise microelectrode recordings. However, neuronal identification that relies on electrophysiology, dye tracing, and immunohistochemistry, limits research to the small number of large neurons, ignoring the much larger number of small neurons. Here we combined high throughput, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) with in situ hybridization chain reaction (HCR) to examine gene expression in the head ganglia of the gastropod, Berghia stephanieae. Cluster analysis of the transcriptomic data uncovered multiple neuronal cell clusters, as well as glial, fibroblast, and endothelial cell clusters in the central ring ganglia (CRG: cerebral, pleural, pedal, and buccal ganglia) and the rhinophore ganglia (rhg). Combinatorial molecular signatures were layered on top of size and position using HCR with multiplexed marker genes to help establish specific neuronal class and type phenotypes. Unannotated genes made up significant proportions of the top differentially expressed genes for each cluster, including the most ubiquitously expressed pan-neuronal marker. Neuronal classes expressing major neurotransmitter phenotypes of glutamatergic, cholinergic, and serotonergic neurons were identified. Some neurons co-expressed genes for two neurotransmitters. Serotonergic neurons, not cholinergic neurons, were found to express Unc-4. Among the neurons found to be glutamatergic were a single photoreceptor in the eye and Soluble guanylate cyclase (Sgc)-expressing neurons in the rhg. A sampling of expression patterns from 8 out of the 40 molluscan neuropeptides identified in the single-cell dataset showed the tremendous diversity of neuron types, with few neuropeptides co-expressed in the same neurons. A visually identifiable giant ventral neuron was found to express three peptides and Chat. A subset of neurons in rhg, which contain only small somata ( less than 15 microns), separated into three clusters: 1) glutamatergic + Sgc neurons, 2) nitric oxide synthase (Nos) + pigment dispersing factor (Pdf), and 3) Nos/Pdf-. The three groups were spatially restricted in the rhg. Transcription factors marked a cluster of newly differentiated neurons and were expressed in mature neurons. Six3/6 was expressed only in neurons from the rhinophore and cerebral ganglia, which are anterior-most of the major head ganglia, consistent with Six3/6 anterior segregation in other animals. This study provides the foundation for understanding the fundamental neuronal organization of the gastropod nervous system. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Philippe AghionCollège de FranceÉconomie des institutions, de l'innovation et de la croissanceAnnée 2022-2023Colloque - Entrepreneurship, Risk, Talent and Innovation : Recipes and Economic Growth: a Combinatorial March Down an Exponential TrailIntervenant(s)Chad Jones, Stanford UniversityEntrepreneurs are the chief source of innovation in modern economies, as illustrated by iconic figures like Bill Gates, Steve Jobs, Elon Musk, or Derrick Rossi, the co-founder of Moderna and several subsequent biotech companies. Success at this level hinges on idiosyncratic characteristics of the potential entrepreneur such as talent, inventiveness, and the propensity to take risks, on social origins, parental education, and family influence more generally, and on the environment: in particular the extent to which society favors risk-taking by forgiving early failure while rewarding talent and long-term success.The semantics of talent have spread at an accelerated rate in the world of work and in human resources management since the end of the 1990s. Today, we no longer talk about personnel management or "human resources" so much as talent management. The concept has been diluted as it has spread across the entire professional skills space, but its core meaning has never been stable.What exactly are we talking about when we speak of talent? The question is ceaselessly asked in all the scientific and professional publications devoted to talent management. It has been both a persistent enigma and a resource for plasticity in redefining the qualities required to recruit staff, to manage their careers and to find a balance in the competition for the best talent, since poaching by a competitor threatens each employer's investment in recruitment and career development. It is too often forgotten that the notion of talent, which was originally coined metaphorically in the "parable of the talents" in Matthew's gospel, can be read as a praise of risk-taking, which is rewarded, and a criticism of risk-aversion, which is discredited.This conference will gather economists and sociologists working on talent, risk, entrepreneurship, and innovation, with the goal of improving our understanding of the underpinnings of innovative entrepreneurship and of how entrepreneurship can be favored by appropriate institutions and policies.Isaiah Berlin once suggested a division of the world between hedgehogs and foxes, where foxes are individuals that engage in multiple projects simultaneously to pool risks, whereas hedgehogs put all their eggs into one basket and are ready to take maximum risk. One view of entrepreneurship is as hedgehogs who pursue a single innovation project, no matter how risky this project might be. This conference will analyze how social norms, the education system, competition, tax incentives and talent reward, and the financial system affect individuals' choice to be hedgehogs rather than foxes and selects the best talents into becoming innovative entrepreneurs. Colloque coorganisé par les Prs Philippe Aghion et Pierre-Michel Menger avec le soutien de LVMH et de la Fondation du Collège de France.

Philippe AghionCollège de FranceÉconomie des institutions, de l'innovation et de la croissanceAnnée 2022-2023Colloque - Entrepreneurship, Risk, Talent and Innovation : Recipes and Economic Growth: a Combinatorial March Down an Exponential TrailIntervenant(s)Chad Jones, Stanford UniversityEntrepreneurs are the chief source of innovation in modern economies, as illustrated by iconic figures like Bill Gates, Steve Jobs, Elon Musk, or Derrick Rossi, the co-founder of Moderna and several subsequent biotech companies. Success at this level hinges on idiosyncratic characteristics of the potential entrepreneur such as talent, inventiveness, and the propensity to take risks, on social origins, parental education, and family influence more generally, and on the environment: in particular the extent to which society favors risk-taking by forgiving early failure while rewarding talent and long-term success.The semantics of talent have spread at an accelerated rate in the world of work and in human resources management since the end of the 1990s. Today, we no longer talk about personnel management or "human resources" so much as talent management. The concept has been diluted as it has spread across the entire professional skills space, but its core meaning has never been stable.What exactly are we talking about when we speak of talent? The question is ceaselessly asked in all the scientific and professional publications devoted to talent management. It has been both a persistent enigma and a resource for plasticity in redefining the qualities required to recruit staff, to manage their careers and to find a balance in the competition for the best talent, since poaching by a competitor threatens each employer's investment in recruitment and career development. It is too often forgotten that the notion of talent, which was originally coined metaphorically in the "parable of the talents" in Matthew's gospel, can be read as a praise of risk-taking, which is rewarded, and a criticism of risk-aversion, which is discredited.This conference will gather economists and sociologists working on talent, risk, entrepreneurship, and innovation, with the goal of improving our understanding of the underpinnings of innovative entrepreneurship and of how entrepreneurship can be favored by appropriate institutions and policies.Isaiah Berlin once suggested a division of the world between hedgehogs and foxes, where foxes are individuals that engage in multiple projects simultaneously to pool risks, whereas hedgehogs put all their eggs into one basket and are ready to take maximum risk. One view of entrepreneurship is as hedgehogs who pursue a single innovation project, no matter how risky this project might be. This conference will analyze how social norms, the education system, competition, tax incentives and talent reward, and the financial system affect individuals' choice to be hedgehogs rather than foxes and selects the best talents into becoming innovative entrepreneurs. Colloque coorganisé par les Prs Philippe Aghion et Pierre-Michel Menger avec le soutien de LVMH et de la Fondation du Collège de France.

This week, we talk about the programming problem, web jargon, and logistics. Game development may seem like a dream job, but the reality is that it's a lot of hard work, decision making, and logistics management. Who knew making fun could be so complicated?00:27 Intro00:50 Thanks to our supporters! (https://moneygrab.bscotch.net)03:36 Co-pilotQuestions answered (abbreviated): 31:08 Teele: What you like for front-end and back-end Web dev 41:07 Bupanoilie Rolleepa: What's the biggest misconception people have about working in the games industry? To stay up to date with all of our buttery goodness subscribe to the podcast on Apple podcasts (apple.co/1LxNEnk) or wherever you get your audio goodness. If you want to get more involved in the Butterscotch community, hop into our DISCORD server at discord.gg/bscotch and say hello! Submit questions at https://www.bscotch.net/podcast, disclose all of your secrets to podcast@bscotch.net, and send letters, gifts, and tasty treats to https://bit.ly/bscotchmailbox. Finally, if you'd like to support the show and buy some coffee FOR Butterscotch, head over to https://moneygrab.bscotch.net. ★ Support this podcast ★

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.03.01.530630v1?rss=1 Authors: Libe-Philippot, B., Iwata, R., Recupero, A. J., Wierda, K., Ditkowska, M., Gaspariunaite, V., Vermaercke, B., Peze-Heidsieck, E., Remans, D., Charrier, C., Polleux, F., Vanderhaeghen, P. Abstract: Human-specific (HS) genes are potential drivers of brain evolution, but their impact on human neuron development and disease remains unclear. Here we studied HS genes SRGAP2B/C in human cortical projection neurons (CPNs) in vivo, using xenotransplantation in the mouse cortex. Downregulation of SRGAP2B/C in human CPNs greatly accelerated synaptic development, indicating their requirement for human-specific synaptic neoteny. SRGAP2B/C acted by downregulating their ancestral paralog SRGAP2A, thereby upregulating postsynaptic levels of SYNGAP1, a major intellectual deficiency/autism spectrum disorder (ID/ASD) gene. Combinatorial genetic invalidation revealed that the tempo of synaptogenesis is set by a balance between SRGAP2A and SYNGAP1, which in human CPNs is tipped towards neoteny by SRGAP2B/C. Our results demonstrate that HS genes can modify the phenotypic expression of ID/ASD mutations through regulation of synaptic neoteny. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Hear it Here - http://bit.ly/GeniusHollins• Einstein's genius traits included curiosity, having broad areas of interest (i.e. being a polymath), and a refusal to bow to convention.• Einstein is known today as one of the 20th century's most influential scientific thinkers, and was considered by many to be a genius in both mathematics and physics. He won the Nobel Prize for his work on the photoelectric effect, but he is best known today for his groundbreaking theory on relativity and his famous E=mc2 equation.• Einstein coined his own term for the kind of playful, freeform connections he'd make between different topics and ideas: combinatorial play. By putting two unrelated ideas together to create something new, Einstein often solved problems, came up with creative new ideas or opened new avenues of thoughts to pursue. • The game of “what if?” is another way to flex the curiosity muscle and bring freshness and novelty to conventional thinking. By running hypothetical situations and thought experiments in his mind, Einstein satisfied his thirst for learning and understanding, and accessed new insights that were beyond conventions at the time. • Einstein was a polymath and had a broad range of interests, rather than one narrow focus. He played violin and piano, and had some of his best new ideas during play. This kind of broadmindedness and diversity of interest promotes intellectual agility and wide-ranging, flexible perspectives. • Einstein was also non-conventional and worked independently, regardless of the established rules that surrounded him in early life. This allowed him to engage in truly independent ideas and contribute something entirely different to the field. • We can see in Einstein's case that non-linearity of thought, insatiable curiosity and a wide range of interests were not just helpful to his success, but essential. We can follow suit by freely engaging in interdisciplinary play and “what if?” games in the areas that grab our intense interest. • Though conventions may occasionally be useful, the best territory to explore is that which is uncharted!• To be more like Einstein, we can think of ways to break down artificial limits and categories in our own thinking, and blend concepts and ideas together freely—can you think of a way to combine two of your interests to produce a third, completely new idea?#Bewusstseins #Einstein #Gedankenexperiments #Genius #Hadamard #Medici #NobelPrize #Pangaea #EinsteinAndCombinatorialPlay #RussellNewton #NewtonMG #PeterHollins #TheScienceofSelf #ThinkLikeaGenius

Please visit answersincme.com/XWC860 to participate, download slides and supporting materials, complete the post test, and obtain credit. In this activity, an expert in oncology, discusses immunotherapy-based combination regimens for the first-line treatment of unresectable HCC. Upon completion of this activity, participants should be better able to: Recognize the therapeutic rationale for immunotherapy-based combination treatment regimens for the management of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the first-line setting; Review the clinical implications of the latest efficacy and safety data for immunotherapy-based combination regimens for the first-line treatment of unresectable HCC; and Describe patient selection strategies for available first-line combination immunotherapy-based regimens in unresectable HCC.

This is Jonathan Pageau's Presentation at the Thunder Bay Conference. Paul Vander Klay clips channel https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCX0jIcadtoxELSwehCh5QTg My Substack https://paulvanderklay.substack.com/ Estuary Hub Link https://www.estuaryhub.com/ If you want to schedule a one-on-one conversation check here. https://paulvanderklay.me/2019/08/06/converzations-with-pvk/ There is a video version of this podcast on YouTube at http://www.youtube.com/paulvanderklay To listen to this on ITunes https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/paul-vanderklays-podcast/id1394314333  If you need the RSS feed for your podcast player https://paulvanderklay.podbean.com/feed/  All Amazon links here are part of the Amazon Affiliate Program. Amazon pays me a small commission at no additional cost to you if you buy through one of the product links here. This is is one (free to you) way to support my videos.  https://paypal.me/paulvanderklay To support this channel/podcast with Bitcoin (BTC): 37TSN79RXewX8Js7CDMDRzvgMrFftutbPo  To support this channel/podcast with Bitcoin Cash (BCH) qr3amdmj3n2u83eqefsdft9vatnj9na0dqlzhnx80h  To support this channel/podcast with Ethereum (ETH): 0xd3F649C3403a4789466c246F32430036DADf6c62 Blockchain backup on Lbry https://odysee.com/@paulvanderklay https://www.patreon.com/paulvanderklay Paul's Church Content at Living Stones Channel https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCh7bdktIALZ9Nq41oVCvW-A To support Paul's work by supporting his church give here. https://tithe.ly/give?c=2160640

You will find the blog post that I am referring to here www.themarginalian.org/2011/08/01/ne…l-creativity/Practice reading these thoughts together with me.

Check out my short video series about what's missing in AI and Neuroscience. Support the show to get full episodes and join the Discord community. Carina Curto is a professor in the Department of Mathematics at The Pennsylvania State University. She uses her background skills in mathematical physics/string theory to study networks of neurons. On this episode, we discuss the world of topology in neuroscience - the study of the geometrical structures mapped out by active populations of neurons. We also discuss her work on "combinatorial linear threshold networks" (CLTNs). Unlike the large deep learning models popular today as models of brain activity, the CLTNs Carina builds are relatively simple, abstracted graphical models. This property is important to Carina, whose goal is to develop mathematically tractable neural network models. Carina has worked out how the structure of many CLTNs allows prediction of the model's allowable dynamics, how motifs of model structure can be embedded in larger models while retaining their dynamical features, and more. The hope is that these elegant models can tell us more about the principles our messy brains employ to generate the robust and beautiful dynamics underlying our cognition. Carina's website.The Mathematical Neuroscience Lab.Related papersA major obstacle impeding progress in brain science is the lack of beautiful models.What can topology tells us about the neural code?Predicting neural network dynamics via graphical analysis 0:00 - Intro 4:25 - Background: Physics and math to study brains 20:45 - Beautiful and ugly models 35:40 - Topology 43:14 - Topology in hippocampal navigation 56:04 - Topology vs. dynamical systems theory 59:10 - Combinatorial linear threshold networks 1:25:26 - How much more math do we need to invent?

This week, we talk about social feedback loops, scalability, and having better problems. Change creates change, and you wanna be thinking about those changes at least two layers deep. Otherwise you might wake up one day to copious amounts of minor splash damage or be left wondering how a tunnel has stymied your spaceship.00:52 Thanks to our supporters!03:45 Podcast behind-the-scenes update06:03 WoW factions and the network effect27:40 Scale and scalabilityQuestions answered (abbreviated):41:41 challosis: How many engine bugs have you sent to Game Maker HQ?To stay up to date with all of our buttery goodness subscribe to the podcast on Apple podcasts (apple.co/1LxNEnk) or wherever you get your audio goodness. If you want to get more involved in the Butterscotch community, hop into our DISCORD server at discord.gg/bscotch and say hello! Submit questions at https://www.bscotch.net/podcast, disclose all of your secrets to podcast@bscotch.net, and send letters, gifts, and tasty treats to https://bit.ly/bscotchmailbox. Finally, if you'd like to support the show and buy some coffee FOR Butterscotch, head over to https://moneygrab.bscotch.net.★ Support this podcast ★

We can say very little about the long-run outlook of technological change, and even less about the exact form such change might take. But a certain class of models of innovation - models of combinatorial innovation - does provide some insight about how technological progress may look over very long time frames. Let's have a look.This podcast is an audio read through of the (initial version of the) article Combinatorial Innovation and Progress in the Very Long Run, published on New Things Under the Sun. Articles mentioned:Weitzman, Martin L. 1998. Recombinant Growth. Quarterly Journal of Economics 113(2): 331-360. https://doi.org/10.1162/003355398555595Koppl, Roger, Abigail Devereaux, James Herriot, and Stuart Kauffman. 2019. The Industrial Revolution as a Combinatorial Explosion. Working paper. (Earlier version - arXiv:1811.04502)Jones, Charles. 2021. Recipes and Economic Growth: A Combinatorial March Down an Exponential Tail. NBER Working Paper 28340. https://doi.org/10.3386/w28340Poincaré, Henri. 1910. Mathematical Creation. The Monist 321-335. https://doi.org/10.1093/monist/20.3.321Agrawal, Ajay, John McHale, and Alex Oettl. 2019. Finding Needles in Haystacks: Artificial Intelligence and Recombinant Growth. Chapter in The Economics of Artificial Intelligence, eds. Ajay Agrawal, Joshua Gans, and Avi Goldfarb. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pgs. 149-174. https://doi.org/10.7208/9780226613475-007

JAACAP January 2022: Contributing Editor Dr. Desiree Shapiro interviews Drs. Jennifer L. Vande Voort and Paul E. Croarkin on evaluating the clinical impact of combinatorial pharmacogenetics testing in a double-blind, randomized, controlled effectiveness study for the pharmacologic treatment of adolescents with depression.

JAACAP January 2022: Contributing Editor Dr. Desiree Shapiro interviews Drs. Jennifer L. Vande Voort and Paul E. Croarkin on evaluating the clinical impact of combinatorial pharmacogenetics testing in a double-blind, randomized, controlled effectiveness study for the pharmacologic treatment of adolescents with depression.

Sales is all about solving problems. But are you going about solving problems the right way? In today's episode of The Sales Evangelist, Donald is joined by guest Bryan Kelly to discuss how we can ask more beautiful questions, using the book A More Beautiful Question by Warren Berger as a framework.   Phase One: Why? When we ask ‘why,' it requires you to adjust the way you look at the world. There are three different ways to get into this mentality. First, step back and disengage. Taking a break will break up your routine and help inspiration strike. Next, challenge your assumptions. Whether they're your assumptions or the assumptions of others, asking questions about your current process will help you find new avenues to explore. Finally, question the questions. Reframe a question to challenge the expected answer.  Remember the five why's. (Literally ask the question “why” five times in a row to get to the root understanding of the situation.)   Phase Two: Wondering “What If?” Get everybody (including yourself) to avoid thinking about specifics. Similar to phase one, there are a few practices you can implement: Combinatorial thinking is one method where you look at combining existing practices and how that combination can lead to new possibilities. Next, you can live with the question. We often try to answer questions in the moment, but that's not usually necessary. Instead, take time to relax and distance yourself from a problem to view the situation with a fresh perspective.  Finally, think of wrong ideas. It might seem counterproductive, but this process can help lead to the concept you need.   Phase Three: Determining How We want to jump to the “how” of a solution, but there's a reason it's the last stage. If you start there, you're missing the critical time to go deeper into the question itself. Converge the ideas you've explored into one idea worth pursuing and share it for feedback. Give form to the ideas you've worked through. Before you go and ask others for feedback, bring the idea to life.  In other industries, it might look like a prototype. In the sales space, write a summary, proposal, chart, or whatever would help people give the best feedback. Rapidly test and learn. If you have several potential solutions, run a quick test to see how the change affects your problem.    Bryan's final takeaway: Instead of jumping to the “how,” first think about the “why.” To get in touch with Bryan, visit his website getstrokeofgenius.com or connect with him on LinkedIn.   This episode is brought to you in part by Skipio. Are you sick of crickets? As a salesperson, the pain of reaching out with phone calls or emails and not receiving a response is real.   But all text messaging is not created equal. 85% of people prefer text over email and phone calls because they want to engage in a conversation, not listen to bots. Be more like people and start having conversations that end in the conversions you want. Try Skipio at www.Skipio.com.   This course is brought to you in part by the TSE Sales Certified Training Program, a course designed to help new and struggling sellers to master the fundamentals of sales and close more deals. Help elevate your sales game and sign up now to get the first two modules free! You can visit www.thesalesevangelist.com/closemoredeals or call (561) 570-5077 for more information. We value your opinion and always want to improve the quality of our show. Complete our two-minute survey here: thesalesevangelist.com/survey.   We'd love for you to join us for our next episodes, tune in on Apple Podcast, Stitcher, and Spotify. You can also leave comments, suggestions, and ratings for each episode you listen to!  Read more about sales or listen to audiobooks on Audible and explore their huge online library. Register now to get a free book and a 30-day trial. Audio provided by Free SFX and Bensound. Other songs used in the episodes are as follows: The Organ Grinder written by Bradley Jay Hill, performed by Bright Seed, and Produced by Brightseed and Hill.

In this episode, I speak to Antony Della Vecchia. A mathematician who got into the world of programming.We discuss the following topics:- His work on analysing satellite imagery to asses infrastructure risks.- Advances in satellite technology and their application in satellite image analysis- The role of techniques such as machine learning and stereo imaging in analysing images.- Open source libraries for stereo imaging- Antony's journey with an academic background in mathematics into software engineering learning software development practices, e.g. Continuous Integration, Git, Frameworks.- Learning JavaScript and Python.- Implementing heat calculations using the finite volume method in JavaScript.- The challenges of developing software for companies with no technical background.- Moving from Canada to Scotland and finally to Berlin.- Leaving the software world to explore ideas from his Master's in geometric group theory.- Mathematics and the exploration of all true statements within it.- The construction of meaning within mathematics and Kurt Gödel incompleteness theorem.- Counter intuitive ideas in mathematics and physics.- His exploration of new ways to define groups and his use of the geometrical shape torus as a way to reason about groups.- Transformations between multi-dimensional spaces. The separation of the dimension of geometry and the space its embedded in.- Maths doesn't care about the laws of the universe.- Combinatorial geometry and Permutohedrons.- Groups and symmetry.- Blackholes and quantum effects at the event horizon.- General relativity- Large Hadron Collider- The standard model of physics.- How string theory got its name- Gravitational waves- Emergence and statistical mechanics- Advice to his 20 year old self.- Technologies and scientific discoveries his looks forward to.

The labels in your head are destroying your creativity. The human brain loves it when it can classify everything into nice, neat, little boxes. It loves organizing information. This is what its good at. But this can be a huge problem for creative people who love combining ideas together. When ideas are too organized in the brain, we call it over-inclusive thinking. Think of it as the tendency for creative people to focus too much on what makes things different that they don't realize why they're similar. Why is this even a problem in the first place? Your brain is the most expensive organ in your body. It burns through far more energy than any other organ. The brain has an insatiable appetite. But your brain has shortcuts in place to make thinking more efficient. It's found ways to burn less energy while getting roughly the same results. However, as creative people, this system can often be TOO good. We miss amazing ideas that are right in front of us because the brain is taking shortcuts. There are 2 general shortcuts that your brain uses to make thinking more efficient: Categorical thinking and hierarchical thinking. Categorical thinking is when we group things into categories. This is how stereotypes are created. Instead of treating each person within a group as an individual, we categorize the group and use it as a shortcut when deciding about the individual. The brain creates a label for a category so that it can use it as a shortcut later. This saves the brain a ton of energy, but also makes us sloppy thinkers. Hierarchical thinking is how we structure information in topics and subtopics. On the top you might have “animals,” then under that you have cats and dogs, and under dogs you have different breeds. You can use the hierarchy to make very quick decision that would otherwise take a long time. If you don't like dogs, then you automatically know that you don't like Chihuahuas. If you know you don't like a category, then you know that you won't like anything in the subcategory, either. These are shortcuts that make life easy for a brain that is already overloaded with information. These shortcuts are important to normal, everyday life. We couldn't make it through a single day without them. Shortcuts work. But when it comes to creativity, these shortcuts lead to over-inclusive thinking. Information and ideas are so well categorized in the brain that they never have a chance to bounce around and combine with other ideas. The categories and labels your brain uses to separate ideas from each other becomes the same walls that keep those ideas from moving around. So much of creativity relies on allowing diverse ideas to come together. We build walls between each idea to make life easy, but we need to break down those walls to allow ideas to come together to form something new. Creativity is often referred to as “Combinatorial play” because creative ideas often come from the playful behavior of combining ideas together. But we can't combine those ideas together unless we first break out of over-inclusive thinking. Today, as you're creating, stay mindful of these shortcuts. Don't rely so much on your past experiences that you fail to see the original ideas that are right in front of you. The problem you have in your industry has likely already been solved in another industry. Break out of over-inclusive thinking. Stop seeing other people or industries as totally different from yours. That's just a shortcut in your brain. You can find inspiration for creativity anywhere, but it requires you to break down the walls that keep ideas apart Facebook.com/KaizenCreativity JaredVolle.com/Podcast --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/kaizencreativity/message

Christian Szegedy is a Research Scientist at Google. His research machine learning methods such as the inception architecture, batch normalization and adversarial examples, and he currently investigates machine learning for mathematical reasoning. Christian’s PhD thesis is titled "Some Applications of the Weighted Combinatorial Laplacian" which he completed in 2005 at the University of Bonn. We discuss Christian’s background in mathematics, his PhD work on areas of both pure and applied mathematics, and his path into machine learning research. Finally, we discuss his recent work with using deep learning for mathematical reasoning and automatically formalizing mathematics. Episode notes: https://cs.nyu.edu/~welleck/episode15.html Follow the Thesis Review (@thesisreview) and Sean Welleck (@wellecks) on Twitter, and find out more info about the show at https://cs.nyu.edu/~welleck/podcast.html Support The Thesis Review at www.buymeacoffee.com/thesisreview

In this episode, I talk with David Brittain, a co-founder of the powerful drawing tool, Concepts. We talk about David's path into programming, the philosophy and origin story of Concepts for tablets. If you haven't considered Concepts before, this discussion will give you insights into why Concepts works the way it does.SPONSORED BYThis episode of the Sketchnote Army Podcast is brought to you by Neuland, the innovative maker of visual thinking tools. Every Neuland product is designed with passion to be durable and sustainable. Check out their newly redesigned Neuland FineOne® line of water-based, refillable markers.https://neuland.comSave 15% with code amb290425 until December 31, 2020RUNNING ORDERIntro: Who is David?David's path into visualizationTransition and integration pointsMoving from gaming into visualizationCollaboration with co-founder Ben MerillThe process Concepts uses for feature developmentQuality software over release dates for release sakeThe philosophy behind ConceptsThe benefits of a vector-based drawing toolThe Concepts object library featureNew features: Align and Snap-to-Grid New features: Export SelectionNew features: Presentation ModeTools3 tipsOutroLINKSConcepts WebsiteConcepts YouTube ChannelDavid on TwitterDavid on LinkedIn David on FlickrDavi's Email - David -at- concepts.appSuperscape on WikipediaCo-founder Ben Merrill on TwitterRemote Work is a Platform - Jason FriedConcepts Learn to Draw Series: Part 1, Part 2, Part 3, Part 4TOOLSSlackGithubGoogle OfficeFigma3 TIPSWarm up before you sketchnoteUse our learn to draw series of videos to improveGet feedback from others on how you can improveCREDITSProducer: Alec PulianasTheme music: Jon SchiedermayerSUBSCRIBE ON ITUNESYou can subscribe to the podcast through iTunes.SUPPORT THE PODCASTTo support the creation, production and hosting of the Sketchnote Army Podcast, buy one of Mike Rohde's bestselling books. Use code ROHDE40 at Peachpit.com for 40% off!

Chemical Sciences is a primeval forest full of the most intriguing phenomena that gets one thinking hard and deep about what they observed. From our kitchen shelves to prodigious laboratories, from our own bodies to the interstellar medium, chemistry takes parts in all frames. (Organic Chemistry helps us resolve Alkynes of problems we have been Diene to figure out.) We discussed the captivating aspects of the discipline with Dr. Sreejalekshmi K.G., currently an associate professor in the Department of Chemistry, who leads the group on organic molecules and functional materials at the Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology. Touching over multi-disciplinary fields of her work including combinatorial chemistry, synthetic organic chemistry, and drug discovery, with a strong relation to the biological sciences, she also gave a beautifully vivid perspective of her current research work and collaborations, and what it takes to thrive for our deepest passions. Dive in to hear an elaborate conversation about the details that go into building a career with such multidimensional interests. The team for Zeroing In for this episode included Manish Chauhan, Fenil Shah, Shreya Mishra, Prajwal Patnaik, KVNG Vikram, and Naman Jain. Featured artwork for the episode cover courtesy of Akshita Arora. Zeroing In season's theme song featured herewith, 'Longing', created by Ethan Phangcho.

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.11.06.371906v1?rss=1 Authors: McCarthy, M., Anglin, C., Pear, H., Boleman, S., Klaubert, S., Birtwistle, M. R. Abstract: Fluorescent antibodies are a workhorse of biomedical science, but fluorescence multiplexing has been notoriously difficult due to spectral overlap between fluorophores. We recently established proof-of-principal for fluorescence Multiplexing using Spectral Imaging and Combinatorics (MuSIC), which uses combinations of existing fluorophores to create unique spectral signatures for increased multiplexing. However, a method for labeling antibodies with MuSIC probes has not yet been developed. Here, we present a method for labeling antibodies with MuSIC probes. We conjugate a DBCO-Peg5-NHS ester linker to antibodies, a single stranded DNA docking strand to the linker, and finally, hybridize two MuSIC-compatible, fluorescently-labeled oligos to the docking strand. We validate the labeling protocol with spin-column purification and absorbance measurements, which show a degree of labeling of ~9.66 linker molecules / antibody. We demonstrate the approach using (i) Cy3, (ii) Tex615, and (iii) a Cy3-Tex615 combination as three different MuSIC probes attached to three separate batches of antibodies. We incubated MuSIC probe-labeled antibodies with protein A beads to create single and double positive beads that are analogous to single cells. Spectral flow cytometry experiments demonstrate that each MuSIC probe can be uniquely distinguished, and the fraction of beads in a mixture with different staining patterns is accurately measured. The approach is general and might be more broadly applied to cell type profiling or tissue heterogeneity studies in clinical, biomedical, and drug discovery research. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.11.06.372284v1?rss=1 Authors: Czegel, D., Giaffar, H., Csillag, M., Futo, B., Szathmary, E. Abstract: Efficient search in enormous combinatorial spaces is an essential component of intelligence. Humans, for instance, are often found searching for optimal action sequences, linguistic structures and causal explanations. Is there any computational domain that provides good-enough and fast-enough solutions to such a diverse set of problems, yet can be robustly implemented over neural substrates? Based on previous accounts, we propose that a Darwinian process, operating over sequential cycles of imperfect copying and selection of informational patterns, is a promising candidate. It is, in effect, a stochastic parallel search that i) does not need local gradient-like information and ii) redistributes its computational resources from globally bad to globally good solution candidates automatically. Here we demonstrate these concepts in a proof-of-principle model based on dynamical output states of reservoir computers as units of evolution. We show that a population of reservoir computing units, arranged in one or two-dimensional topologies, is capable of maintaining and continually improving upon existing solutions over rugged combinatorial reward landscapes. We also provide a detailed analysis of how neural quantities, such as noise and topology, translate to evolutionary ones, such as mutation rate and population structure. We demonstrate the existence of a sharp error threshold, a neural noise level beyond which information accumulated by an evolutionary process cannot be maintained. We point at the importance of neural representation, akin to genotype-phenotype maps, in determining the efficiency of any evolutionary search in the brain. Novel analysis methods are developed, including neural firing pattern phylogenies that display the unfolding of the process. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

In our conversation, Jeremy explains what’s behind the meteoric rise of digital dollar stable coins. He describes their expansion in 2019 as the crypto ecosystem gravitated to quality, compliant and trusted digital dollar stablecoins, and as hundreds of companies began to adopt USDC and add it to their products. And he talks about the dramatic growth surge in 2020, driven in part by the pandemic, as the infrastructure matures, use cases increase, and major institutional investors increasingly treat stable coins as a legitimate asset class.

"People have a great idea, but they don't have experience in the industry. So number one, find somebody who's worked in that industry for a long time because you could leapfrog a whole bunch of things that you don't know by having the inside scoop." - Suzanne Tyson, Founder and CEO of Higher Ed Points Inc. Imagine instead of redeeming loyalty points for flights, merchandise or gift cards, you redeem your points for a HigherEdPoints education credit. It takes a village to raise a mind, so turning loyalty points to pay for education was Suzanne Tyson's big idea. Suzanne chats with Vicki Saunders about how HigherEnPoints enables students, parents and donors to convert loyalty points into payments for higher education fees and/or student loan repayments. Plus, they also touch on: Combinatorial innovation in creating new ideas. Why rational ideas are hard to make happen. Behaviour change for process innovation. Overcoming the challenge of awareness for students and parents in need. The four-year process of getting to market. The struggles of keeping going as an entrepreneur. We invite you to become a SheEO Activator or apply to be a Venture at SheEO.World. https://sheeo.world/     Take action with HigherEdPoints   Check out SheEO Venture HigherEdPoint's website https://www.higheredpoints.com/.   Engage with HigherEdPoints on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. https://www.facebook.com/higheredpoints/ https://twitter.com/higheredpoints/ https://www.instagram.com/higheredpoints/

Zack, Mike, and Dominic are joined this week by Matt Harper. Matt is Vice President of Marketing for Nylas, where he leads global marketing efforts for the API-first developer platform that serves customers like Dialpad, Ceridian, Hubspot and Move.com. Nylas most recently closed a Series B round for $25M this past June. Matt joined Nylas from Moogsoft, where he helped lead the company from Series B through Series D rounds, raising nearly $100M and scaling the company’s revenues by over 6x. Previously, Matt led marketing departments at Glassdoor and Sony PlayStation, where he led digital marketing efforts for the PlayStation 4. Nylas is a developer API platform that helps you quickly launch new productivity features without having to write custom code. Through a single integration, developers can leverage rich communications data to trigger automated workflow, like scheduling meetings or syncing data to a CRM. Learn more about Nylas at nylas.com or on Twitter @nylas. Some of the topics we discussed: Secular trends in the market - engineering as a blue-collar profession API adoption rates and insights into Twilio’s enterprise market penetration Combinatorial innovation, composable software What matters most to developers? Insights from market research. From monolithic suites to individual components — rise of REST APIs Why “best of breed” used to be a dirty word — and isn’t any longer Integration with “proper” development practices — versioning, backups, security, ongoing maintenance, etc What does DevOps look like when Dev is not developers and Ops is automated away? That blog post of Dominic's that he shamelessly promoted on air: Serving Two Causes Follow the show on Twitter @Roll4Enterprise or on our LinkedIn page. Please send us suggestions for topics and/or guests for future episodes!

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.09.03.281907v1?rss=1 Authors: Drepper, F., Biernat, J., Kaniyappan, S., Meyer, H. E., Mandelkow, E.-M., Warscheid, B., Mandelkow, E. Abstract: Abnormal changes in the neuronal microtubule-associated protein Tau, such as hyperphosphorylation and aggregation, are considered hallmarks of Alzheimer disease. Hyperphosphorylation is thought to take place before aggregation, and it is often assumed that phosphorylation predisposes Tau towards aggregation. However, the nature and extent of phosphorylation has remained ill-defined. Tau protein contains up to 85 potential phosphorylation sites, many of which can be phosphorylated by various kinases because the unfolded structure of Tau makes them accessible. However, limitations in methods have led to conflicting results regarding the overall degree of phosphorylation of Tau in cells. Here we present results from a new approach, that is based on native mass spectrometry analysis of intact Tau expressed in Sf9 cells which reveals Tau in different phosphorylation states. The extent of phosphorylation is remarkably heterogeneous with up to ~20 phosphates per molecule and distributed over 51 sites (including all P-sites published so far and additional 18 P-sites). The medium phosphorylated fraction Pm showed overall occupancies centered at 8 Pi ( 5 Pi) with a bell-shaped distribution, the highly phosphorylated fraction Ph had 14 Pi ( 6 Pi). The distribution of sites was remarkably asymmetric (with 71% of all P-sites located in the C-terminal half of Tau). All phosphorylation sites were on Ser or Thr residues. Other known posttranslational modifications of Tau were near or below our detection limit (e.g. acetylation, ubiquitination). None of the Tau fractions self-assemble readily, arguing that Tau aggregation is not promoted by phosphorylation per se but requires additional factors. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

This episode introduces a new series of podcasts that contribute to the overall understanding of the MINDRAMP Method for achieving Qualongevity – living long and living well. In this series of podcasts, we examine MINDRAMP's CogWheels of Brain Health. The CogWheels are eight areas of human behavior that have been shown to have a profound impact on the health and resilience of our brains.  How we move – Physical Exercise & MovementHow we think – Mental Stimulation & ManagementHow we relate to others – Social EngagementHow we cope with challenges – Stress ManagementHow we ingest resources – Diet, Nutrition, BreathingHow we rest and renew – Sleep How we cope with disease – Medical ConditionsHow we interact with the world – Environmental Factors Research has revealed specific and actionable risk factors as well as protective factors that are associated with each of these behavioral areas. These research insights lead logically to a risk-management approach to protecting your brain from premature aging, cognitive decline and dementia. If you want to reduce the amount of damage done to your brain, eliminate behaviors that have been shown to put your brain at risk. If you want to increase the health and resilience of your brain, adopt or reinforce behaviors that have been proven to strengthen your brain and enhance its ability to repair damage. This series of podcasts will examine all eight of the CogWheels and offer concrete advice on how to manage these behaviors to minimize risks and to optimize protections.  Episode #1 Chapters: (When you access the podcast, scroll your cursor below the green lines to the chapter icon – a stack of three dots and horizontal lines. Click to reveal chapters, then click on the chapter you want to hear.)   Introduction How MINDRAMP Organizes Brain Health Research Around the CogWheelsThe “Combinatorial” Nature of the CogWheelsA Behavioral and Lifestyle Modification ApproachThe Four C's of Effective Brain Health Interventions:  Causes, Combinatorial, Customized and Continual  Conclusion

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.07.27.221333v1?rss=1 Authors: Hsia, Y., Mout, R., Sheffler, W., Edman, N. I., Vulovic, I., Park, Y.-J., Redler, R. L., Bick, M. J., Bera, A. K., Courbet, A., Kang, A., Brunette, T., Nattermann, U., Tsai, E., Saleem, A., Chow, C. M., Ekiert, D. C., Bhabha, G., Veesler, D., Baker, D. Abstract: A goal of de novo protein design is to develop a systematic and robust approach to generating complex nanomaterials from stable building blocks. Due to their structural regularity and simplicity, a wide range of monomeric repeat proteins and oligomeric helical bundle structures have been designed and characterized. Here we describe a stepwise hierarchical approach to building up multi-component symmetric protein assemblies using these structures. We first connect designed helical repeat proteins (DHRs) to designed helical bundle proteins (HBs) to generate a large library of heterodimeric and homooligomeric building blocks; the latter have cyclic symmetries ranging from C2 to C6. All of the building blocks have repeat proteins with accessible termini, which we take advantage of in a second round of architecture guided rigid helical fusion (WORMS) to generate larger symmetric assemblies including C3 and C5 cyclic and D2 dihedral rings, a tetrahedral cage, and a 120 subunit icosahedral cage. Characterization of the structures by small angle x-ray scattering, x-ray crystallography, and cryo-electron microscopy demonstrates that the hierarchical design approach can accurately and robustly generate a wide range of macromolecular assemblies; with a diameter of 43nm, the icosahedral nanocage is the largest structurally validated designed cage to date. The computational methods and building block sets described here provide a very general route to new de novo designed symmetric protein nanomaterials. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.07.03.187211v1?rss=1 Authors: May-Zhang, A. A., Tycksen, E., Southard-Smith, A. N., Deal, K. K., Benthal, J. T., Buehler, D. P., Adam, M., Simmons, A. J., Monaghan, J. R., Matlock, B. K., Flaherty, D. K., Potter, S., Lau, K. S., Southard-Smith, E. M. Abstract: BACKGROUND & AIMS: The enteric nervous system (ENS) coordinates essential intestinal functions through the concerted action of diverse enteric neurons (EN). However, integrated molecular knowledge of EN subtypes is lacking. To compare human and mouse ENs, we transcriptionally profiled healthy ENS from adult humans and mice. We aimed to identify transcripts marking discrete neuron subtypes and visualize conserved EN subtypes for humans and mice in multiple bowel regions. METHODS: Human myenteric ganglia and adjacent smooth muscle were isolated by laser-capture microdissection for RNA-Seq. Ganglia-specific transcriptional profiles were identified by computationally subtracting muscle gene signatures. Nuclei from mouse myenteric neurons were isolated and subjected to single-nucleus RNA-Seq (snRNA-Seq), totaling over four billion reads and 25,208 neurons. Neuronal subtypes were defined using mouse snRNA-Seq data. Comparative informatics between human and mouse datasets identified shared EN subtype markers, which were visualized in situ using hybridization chain reaction (HCR). RESULTS: Several EN subtypes in the duodenum, ileum, and colon are conserved between humans and mice based on orthologous gene expression. However, some EN subtype-specific genes from mice are expressed in completely distinct morphologically defined subtypes in humans. In mice, we identified several neuronal subtypes that stably express gene modules across all intestinal segments, with graded, regional expression of one or more marker genes. CONCLUSIONS: Our combined transcriptional profiling of human myenteric ganglia and mouse EN provides a rich foundation for developing novel intestinal therapeutics. There is congruency among some EN subtypes, but we note multiple species differences that should be carefully considered. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

"Well we're back again with another one! This week's show is a little unsure of itself, but in a very confident way... So get ready for a bit of a journey. Other than that we will discuss our escalating crisis over here in Arizona and my couch. Alright, let's do this, right now. This is the Glitch//IDM Show!!! 00:00 - DJ Skymall 01:24 - Measured Feet - Devroka 03:54 - Bel 189 Trax - DMX Krew 07:51 - Allo - Keiss 12:46 - Stay Shady - Phlex 16:37 - DJ Skymall 18:32 - Runnninng In The Rain - Notuv 22:26 - Neon Tar - Nnirror 24:29 - 1979 (On A Snowy February Day) - Deru 28:24 - Where Will The Dark Begin... - Arigto 32:47 - Vortext - Lithops 37:49 - Debris Funk - Autechre 42:16 - DJ Skymall 44:30 - Cyan - Kangding Ray 45:53 - Day Nil - Flint Kids 49:43 - Simulacrum III - Aho Ssan 53:36 - Xerrox Calypsoid 1 - Alva Noto 55:20 - DJ Skymall 56:14 - Bogen - Gajek 60:00 - Finish "

"Well we're back again with another one! This week's show is a little unsure of itself, but in a very confident way... So get ready for a bit of a journey. Other than that we will discuss our escalating crisis over here in Arizona and my couch. Alright, let's do this, right now. This is the Glitch//IDM Show!!! 00:00 - DJ Skymall 01:24 - Measured Feet - Devroka 03:54 - Bel 189 Trax - DMX Krew 07:51 - Allo - Keiss 12:46 - Stay Shady - Phlex 16:37 - DJ Skymall 18:32 - Runnninng In The Rain - Notuv 22:26 - Neon Tar - Nnirror 24:29 - 1979 (On A Snowy February Day) - Deru 28:24 - Where Will The Dark Begin... - Arigto 32:47 - Vortext - Lithops 37:49 - Debris Funk - Autechre 42:16 - DJ Skymall 44:30 - Cyan - Kangding Ray 45:53 - Day Nil - Flint Kids 49:43 - Simulacrum III - Aho Ssan 53:36 - Xerrox Calypsoid 1 - Alva Noto 55:20 - DJ Skymall 56:14 - Bogen - Gajek 60:00 - Finish "

Pavel is the CEO of Abseil Automation, a company that develops machine learning and optimization solutions for the manufacturing industry. In this episode we talk about why he deactivated his facebook, muse about start ups, and take a deep dive into one of his side projects using combinatorial optimization to help with COVID testing. http://www.abseil.ai/

One of MINDRAMP's guiding principles is that effective interventions for multi-factorial conditions - like premature aging and dementia - require multi-factorial interventions. Decline, disease and debility are caused by multiple factors. Each one of the factors must be addressed, in combination, to have a significant impact on the health of your brain and the wellbeing of your mind. (See the episode on The CogWheels of Brain Health).

In this conversation Sam Arbesman and I talk about unlocking cross-disciplinary innovations, long term organizations, combinatorial creativity and much more. As you might expect from someone with Generalist Thinking as a main area of interest, Sam has out-of-the-box insights in a ton of domains and he's amazing at capturing them in tight concepts like "knowledge mining" and "jargon barriers." By day Sam is the Scientist in Residence at Lux Capital. Don't cite me on it but I think he may be the only person with that job title in the world. In the past he's done research in complexity science and history and the two of them combined, written books, and worked in non profits.   Key Takeaways The concept of knowledge mining - recombining existing knowledge to create new knowledge. Unintuitively, Video games may secretly be some of the most powerful cross-disciplinary research labs. There are tactics you can use to generate cross-disciplinary creativity by cultivating a bit of randomness in your life. Resources T-Shaped Individuals Sam on Twitter Sam's Website Small World Networks Complexity Undiscovered Public Knowledge (and a 10-year update) Spore Kongō Gumi - the 1400 year company The Red Queen Hypothesis Other content from Sam: https://fs.blog/samuel-arbesman/ https://25iq.com/2016/03/12/richard-feynman-and-charlie-munger-expert-generalists/   Topics Favorite examples of combinations of ideas via generalists Ref: Small world networks paper T shaped individuals Attempts towards systemic cross-discipline idea sharing Don Swanson - undiscovered public knowledge Jargon Barriers Jefferson West Uwash - topographical map of fields Combinatorial creativity Systems for increasing the rewards for broad thinking vs. specialized thinking Need to define complexity science Computer games as a place that rewards generalist research Meta portfolio for generalist institution Self-sustaining insitutions and criteria for them Reinventing selves Or provide something people always want Japanese construction company that lasted 1500 years IBM original machines The Red Queen Hypothesis wrt Organizations Model that you need massive innovations to sustain growth (look up professor) Does the VC funding research paradigm constrain what can exist? Wired magazine researcher - "everyone loves the big idea that changes the world, but what about the ones that make a difference?" The importance of different approaches to making things exist How do you know if small ideas and tweaks in complex systems have intended effects? Promoting randomness and optionality What are tactics for increasing randomness and optionality? Randomly reminding about books Go to crazy different conferences

This symposium addresses the interactive gene-culture co-evolution of the human brain with tool use and technology - ranging from simple stone tools millions of years ago to computers today. The combination of genetic and activity dependent mechanisms that create a given cortical phenotype allows the mammalian neocortex to rapidly and flexibly adjust to different body and environmental contexts, and in humans permits culture to impact brain construction. Leah Krubitzer, UC Davis. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 34192]

This symposium addresses the interactive gene-culture co-evolution of the human brain with tool use and technology - ranging from simple stone tools millions of years ago to computers today. The combination of genetic and activity dependent mechanisms that create a given cortical phenotype allows the mammalian neocortex to rapidly and flexibly adjust to different body and environmental contexts, and in humans permits culture to impact brain construction. Leah Krubitzer, UC Davis. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 34192]

This symposium addresses the interactive gene-culture co-evolution of the human brain with tool use and technology - ranging from simple stone tools millions of years ago to computers today. The combination of genetic and activity dependent mechanisms that create a given cortical phenotype allows the mammalian neocortex to rapidly and flexibly adjust to different body and environmental contexts, and in humans permits culture to impact brain construction. Leah Krubitzer, UC Davis. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 34192]

This symposium addresses the interactive gene-culture co-evolution of the human brain with tool use and technology - ranging from simple stone tools millions of years ago to computers today. The combination of genetic and activity dependent mechanisms that create a given cortical phenotype allows the mammalian neocortex to rapidly and flexibly adjust to different body and environmental contexts, and in humans permits culture to impact brain construction. Leah Krubitzer, UC Davis. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 34192]

This symposium addresses the interactive gene-culture co-evolution of the human brain with tool use and technology - ranging from simple stone tools millions of years ago to computers today. The combination of genetic and activity dependent mechanisms that create a given cortical phenotype allows the mammalian neocortex to rapidly and flexibly adjust to different body and environmental contexts, and in humans permits culture to impact brain construction. Leah Krubitzer, UC Davis. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 34192]

This symposium addresses the interactive gene-culture co-evolution of the human brain with tool use and technology - ranging from simple stone tools millions of years ago to computers today. The combination of genetic and activity dependent mechanisms that create a given cortical phenotype allows the mammalian neocortex to rapidly and flexibly adjust to different body and environmental contexts, and in humans permits culture to impact brain construction. Leah Krubitzer, UC Davis. Series: "CARTA - Center for Academic Research and Training in Anthropogeny" [Science] [Show ID: 34192]

Influenza isn't complex, but it uses the insane growth of f(x) = x! , one of the fastest-growing functions out there, to spread. The greatest benefit of the #flushot isn't keeping *you* healthy, it's retarding that combinatorial explosion enough to save lives. Get one.

Gudrun spent an afternoon at the Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences (MPI MSI) in Leipzig. There she met the Colombian mathematician Eliana Maria Duarte Gelvez. Eliana is a PostDoc at the MPI MSI in the Research group in Nonlinear Algebra. Its head is Bernd Sturmfels. They started the conversation with the question: What is algebraic geometry? It is a generalisation of what one learns in linear algebra insofar as it studies properties of polynomials such as its roots. But it considers systems of polynomial equations in several variables so-called multivariate polynomials. There are diverse applications in engineering, biology, statistics and topological data analysis. Among them Eliana is mostly interested in questions from computer graphics and statistics. In any animated movie or computer game all objects have to be represented by the computer. Often the surface of the geometric objects is parametrized by polynomials. The image of the parametrization can as well be defined by an equation. For calculating interactions it can be necessary to know what is the corresponding equation in the three usual space variables. One example, which comes up in school and in the introductory courses at university is the circle. Its representation in different coordinate systems or as a parametrized curve lends itself to interesting problems to solve for the students. Even more interesting and often difficult to answer is the simple question after the curve of the intersection of surfaces in the computer representation if these are parametrized objects. Moreover real time graphics for computer games need fast and reliable algorithms for that question. Specialists in computer graphics experience that not all curves and surfaces can be parametrized. It was a puzzling question until they talked to people working in algebraic geometry. They knew that the genus of the curve tells you about the possible vs. impossible parametrization. For the practical work symbolic algebra packages help. They are based on the concept of the Gröbner basis. Gröbner basis help to translate between representations of surfaces and curves as parametrized objects and graphs of functions. Nevertheless, often very long polynomials with many terms (like 500) are the result and not so straightforward to analyse. A second research topic of Eliana is algebraic statistics. It is a very recent field and evolved only in the last 20-30 years. In the typical problems one studies discrete or polynomial equations using symbolic computations with combinatorics on top. Often numerical algebraic tools are necessary. It is algebraic in the sense that many popular statistical models are parametrized by polynomials. The points in the image of the parameterization are the probability distributions in the statistical model. The interest of the research is to study properties of statistical models using algebraic geometry, for instance describe the implicit equations of the model. Eliana already liked mathematics at school but was not always very good in it. When she decided to take a Bachelor course in mathematics she liked the very friendly environment at her faculty in the Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá. She was introduced to her research field through a course in Combinatorial commutative algebra there. She was encouraged to apply for a Master's program in the US and to work on elliptic curves at Binghamton University (State University of New York) After her Master in 2011 she stayed in the US to better understand syzygies within her work on a PhD at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Since 2018 she has been a postdoc at the MPI MSI in Leipzig and likes the very applied focus especially on algebraic statistics. In her experience Mathematics is a good topic to work on in different places and it is important to have role models in your field. References E. Duarte, Ch. Görgen: Equations defining probability tree models E. Duarte: Implicitization of tensor product surface in the presence of a generic set of basepoints. 2016. Journal of Algebra and Applications(to appear). Rigidity of Quasicrystal Frameworks - webpage E. M. Duarte, G. K. Francis: Stability of Quasicrystal Frameworks in 2D and 3D Proceedings of the First Conference Transformables 2013.In the Honor of Emilio Perez Piñero 18th-20th September 2013, Seville, Spain Portraits of people working in Nonlinear Algebra Podcasts P. Schwer: Metrische Geometrie, Gespräch mit G. Thäter im Modellansatz Podcast, Folge 102, Fakultät für Mathematik, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), 2016.

Gudrun spent an afternoon at the Max Planck Institute for Mathematics in the Sciences (MPI MSI) in Leipzig. There she met the Colombian mathematician Eliana Maria Duarte Gelvez. Eliana is a PostDoc at the MPI MSI in the Research group in Nonlinear Algebra. Its head is Bernd Sturmfels. They started the conversation with the question: What is algebraic geometry? It is a generalisation of what one learns in linear algebra insofar as it studies properties of polynomials such as its roots. But it considers systems of polynomial equations in several variables so-called multivariate polynomials. There are diverse applications in engineering, biology, statistics and topological data analysis. Among them Eliana is mostly interested in questions from computer graphics and statistics. In any animated movie or computer game all objects have to be represented by the computer. Often the surface of the geometric objects is parametrized by polynomials. The image of the parametrization can as well be defined by an equation. For calculating interactions it can be necessary to know what is the corresponding equation in the three usual space variables. One example, which comes up in school and in the introductory courses at university is the circle. Its representation in different coordinate systems or as a parametrized curve lends itself to interesting problems to solve for the students. Even more interesting and often difficult to answer is the simple question after the curve of the intersection of surfaces in the computer representation if these are parametrized objects. Moreover real time graphics for computer games need fast and reliable algorithms for that question. Specialists in computer graphics experience that not all curves and surfaces can be parametrized. It was a puzzling question until they talked to people working in algebraic geometry. They knew that the genus of the curve tells you about the possible vs. impossible parametrization. For the practical work symbolic algebra packages help. They are based on the concept of the Gröbner basis. Gröbner basis help to translate between representations of surfaces and curves as parametrized objects and graphs of functions. Nevertheless, often very long polynomials with many terms (like 500) are the result and not so straightforward to analyse. A second research topic of Eliana is algebraic statistics. It is a very recent field and evolved only in the last 20-30 years. In the typical problems one studies discrete or polynomial equations using symbolic computations with combinatorics on top. Often numerical algebraic tools are necessary. It is algebraic in the sense that many popular statistical models are parametrized by polynomials. The points in the image of the parameterization are the probability distributions in the statistical model. The interest of the research is to study properties of statistical models using algebraic geometry, for instance describe the implicit equations of the model. Eliana already liked mathematics at school but was not always very good in it. When she decided to take a Bachelor course in mathematics she liked the very friendly environment at her faculty in the Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá. She was introduced to her research field through a course in Combinatorial commutative algebra there. She was encouraged to apply for a Master's program in the US and to work on elliptic curves at Binghamton University (State University of New York) After her Master in 2011 she stayed in the US to better understand syzygies within her work on a PhD at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Since 2018 she has been a postdoc at the MPI MSI in Leipzig and likes the very applied focus especially on algebraic statistics. In her experience Mathematics is a good topic to work on in different places and it is important to have role models in your field. References E. Duarte, Ch. Görgen: Equations defining probability tree models E. Duarte: Implicitization of tensor product surface in the presence of a generic set of basepoints. 2016. Journal of Algebra and Applications(to appear). Rigidity of Quasicrystal Frameworks - webpage E. M. Duarte, G. K. Francis: Stability of Quasicrystal Frameworks in 2D and 3D Proceedings of the First Conference Transformables 2013.In the Honor of Emilio Perez Piñero 18th-20th September 2013, Seville, Spain Portraits of people working in Nonlinear Algebra Podcasts P. Schwer: Metrische Geometrie, Gespräch mit G. Thäter im Modellansatz Podcast, Folge 102, Fakultät für Mathematik, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), 2016.

6 - Robert Viglione (ZenCash): Combinatorial Innovation & competing in an open-source world - Blockchain & Bitcoin Conference Georgia 2018 - #BBConfGeorgia Smile Expo, Association Blockchain Georgia, BItcoin Embassy Georgia, Blockchain Systems Institute

 Regenerative Biology - Cellular Combinatorial BiologicsIra Pastor - CEO – http://www.bioquark.com (Bioquark Inc). The biologic regulatory states of our cells, tissues, and organs represent the central control processes behind our health (as well as our unfortunate transition towards disease, degeneration, and aging). His work at Bioquark focuses on these critical biomedical issues. Merging 21st-century knowledge of regenerative biology, evolutionary genomics, and bio-cybernetics, Bioquark's core program focuses on developing a novel class of substances termed combinatorial biologics, which take a unique approach to reversing underlying disease, degeneration or aging processes, as opposed to only affecting the symptoms of such conditions. His Brief Bio: "Over 30 years of experience across multiple sectors of the pharmaceutical industry including pharmaceutical commercialization, biotech drug development, managed care, distribution, OTC, and retail; Served as VP, Business Development for drug development company Phytomedics Inc., raising $40 million of private equity, consummating over $50 million of licensing deals, and bringing lead drug candidate from discovery stage to Phase III development; Prior to that, employed by SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals working in sales, marketing, and business strategy positions." * Photo:Marco-Secchi-549646-unsplash His Perspective & Background"We currently live on a planet with other organisms that from a health and wellness perspective, are much further advanced than human beings. Many lower organisms can replace lost or damaged organs and tissues that are identical in structure and function to the original, effortlessly regenerating a wide variety of living tissues, including spinal cords, limbs, hearts, eyes, and even parts of their brains. Similarly, many of these same species possess fascinating skills for repairing and reversing the cellular and genetic damage. Cancer, as an example, is found to be extremely rare in species displaying an efficient regenerative mechanism, even under the action of potent carcinogens. In many cases, when cancer does occur, tumors have been found to remodel and integrate into their surroundings spontaneously, as healthy tissue. Some of these organisms can age, and then return to a youthful state later on in life. Some can even die and be reborn." Join us the hear about the varieties of http://corebrainjournal.com/testing (compelling searches for new healing options). Referenced Detailshttp://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1440-169X.2007.00914.x/pdf (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1440-169X.2007.00914.x/pdf) http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dneu.20918/pdf (http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dneu.20918/pdf) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2706275/ (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2706275/) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC433040/ (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC433040/) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC335936/ (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC335936/) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1735296/pdf/v040p00721.pdf (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1735296/pdf/v040p00721.pdf) http://jcb.rupress.org/content/200/6/689.full (http://jcb.rupress.org/content/200/6/689.full) http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6045/version/1/files/npre20116045-1.pdf (http://precedings.nature.com/documents/6045/version/1/files/npre20116045-1.pdf) http://jcb.rupress.org/content/115/6/1479.long (http://jcb.rupress.org/content/115/6/1479.long) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2113692/pdf/jc1012518.pdf (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2113692/pdf/jc1012518.pdf) http://jcs.biologists.org/content/95/3/383.full.pdf (http://jcs.biologists.org/content/95/3/383.full.pdf) -----------Pastor's Connectionshttp://bioquark.com (bioquark.com) --------------- Forward This Audio Message Link To

Ira Pastor is CEO of Bioquark, a Biotechnology company working on reviving dead brains and repair organ tissue using natural sources. Bioquark, Inc. is focused on the development and commercialization of a novel range of biologic-based products and services that have the ability to alter the biological regulatory state of human tissues and organs, with the goal of curing a wide range of diseases.The biologic regulatory states of our cells, tissues, and organs represent the central control processes behind our health (as well as our unfortunate transition towards disease, degeneration and aging), and a technology/product platform that can reverse negative transitions, will be transformational in the pharmaceutical industry, as well as in the wider healthcare business segment.The company's core program focuses on developing a novel class of substances termed combinatorial biologics, which take a unique approach to reversing underlying disease, degeneration or aging processes, as opposed to affecting the symptoms of such conditions, as most marketed pharmaceutical products currently do today.Combinatorial biologics, which work at the level of the regulatory genome, and are modeled off of biochemical dynamics found in various species which can naturally modify biologic regulatory state to achieve beneficial endpoints such as complex tissue and organ regeneration, disease reversion, and even biological age reversal.If you would like more information on Ira please check out the following links below:Ira's LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/in/iraspastor/Ira's Twitter - https://twitter.com/IraSamuelPastorBioquark - http://www.bioquark.com/Humans 2.0 Twitter - https://twitter.com/Humans2PodcastTwitter - https://twitter.com/markymetryMedium - https://medium.com/@markymetryFacebook - https://www.facebook.com/mark.metry.9Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/markmetry/Mark Metry - https://www.markmetry.com/

Ira Pastor is CEO of Bioquark, a Biotechnology company working on reviving dead brains and repair organ tissue using natural sources. Bioquark, Inc. is focused on the development and commercialization of a novel range of biologic-based products and services that have the ability to alter the biological regulatory state of human tissues and organs, with the goal of curing a wide range of diseases.The biologic regulatory states of our cells, tissues, and organs represent the central control processes behind our health (as well as our unfortunate transition towards disease, degeneration and aging), and a technology/product platform that can reverse negative transitions, will be transformational in the pharmaceutical industry, as well as in the wider healthcare business segment.The company’s core program focuses on developing a novel class of substances termed combinatorial biologics, which take a unique approach to reversing underlying disease, degeneration or aging processes, as opposed to affecting the symptoms of such conditions, as most marketed pharmaceutical products currently do today.Combinatorial biologics, which work at the level of the regulatory genome, and are modeled off of biochemical dynamics found in various species which can naturally modify biologic regulatory state to achieve beneficial endpoints such as complex tissue and organ regeneration, disease reversion, and even biological age reversal.If you would like more information on Ira please check out the following links below:Ira's LinkedIn - https://www.linkedin.com/in/iraspastor/Ira's Twitter - https://twitter.com/IraSamuelPastorBioquark - http://www.bioquark.com/Humans 2.0 Twitter - https://twitter.com/Humans2PodcastTwitter - https://twitter.com/markymetryMedium - https://medium.com/@markymetryFacebook - https://www.facebook.com/mark.metry.9Instagram - https://www.instagram.com/markmetry/Mark Metry - https://www.markmetry.com/

Christy Davis has been with World Vision for six and a half years, working in Singapore and supporting the Asia region. She has worked both in the public and private sector, including UNDP. Asia has been her home for over 27 years. In this interview with Karen Delfau, Christy talks about her work with World Vision, Asia P3 Hub, and combinatorial innovation Visit www.kini.org.au for more interviews with leading water practitioners.

In this session, the instructor walks the students through an in-depth analysis of various hands, and conclude with some general thoughts about the game of poker.

We know that cellular heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment complicates the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Tumors are complex, dynamic systems composed of diverse cell types in various functional states, including cancer cells and infiltrating immune cells. Resolving this cellular heterogeneity requires a single-cell approach, as analyses on bulk cell preparations mask the heterogeneity of the biological system and may lead researchers down the wrong path. Cutting-edge single-cell analysis tools for exploring the genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic states of both tumor and related immune cells are enabling researchers to understand system heterogeneity, identify cells with previously unrecognized phenotypes and elucidate important therapeutic mechanisms. For more information, please visit: http://bitesizebio.com/webinar/26112/know-the-players-combinatorial-single-cell-approaches-to-explore-the-complexity-of-biologic-systems/

This lecture begins with how to construct a gluing tree. Combinatorial bounds and algorithms are proved for gluing results, which include the general case, edge-to-edge, and bounded sharpness. The different gluings for the cross are also shown.

Rozenblum, G (Chalmers University of Technology) Tuesday 28 April 2015, 15:00-16:00

Fredrik och Cenny snackar poddradio som koncept. Tillgängligheten på nischade saker är bättre än någonsin. Värdet av att ha, höra och diskutera olika åsikter. Och så lite fönster- och filhantering. Diskussion av första intryck av Apples nya fotoapplikation Bilder. Icloud kontra Dropbox. Och kan det nya Apple vara bättre än det gamla?! Länkar Systematic Brett Terpstra Markdown John Roderick Roderickintervjun på Systematic Merlin Mann ZTV Oscar Skog Säkerhetspodcasten Accidental tech podcast Sumpsnack Kodsnacks nuvarande logotyp Office space Kingsman Arthursagorna och deras karaktärer John Siracusas OS X-recensioner Incomparable - populärkulturpodcast för nördkultur Johns fönsterhantering på OS X Casey Liss John Siracusa om Finders rumslighet OS 9 Kombintorisk explosion Quick look (Quicksilver är något annat) Spotlight Photos-applikationen - i skrivande stund fortfarande i beta Iphoto Aperture Iphoto för IOS Hur många har köpt mer utrymme i Icloud? Mobile me Cloudkit Game center Tim Cook Developers developers … Tim Cooks utkommande ur garderoben Foliehatt Apple pratar med TV-bolag … igen Iad Titlar Som en riktigt bra sagoberättare Kul att det finns så nischade saker Oavsett vilken nisch jag har finns det för mycket Går loss och har sina åsikter Vi behöver inte hålla dig i handen Så bortom allting Bättre än Dropbox för andra saker Optimerad för IOS 6

Combinatorial issues are often raised by statistical model inference and selection, in particular when dealing with high-dimensional data. In such cases, asymptotic approximations or Monte-Carlo type methods are often used to approximate the quantities of interest. In this talk, we will present two examples dealing with bio-molecular data. In both of them exacts results can be obtained based on specific combinatorics and algorithmics developments. We will first consider the typical multiple testing issued that is faced when dealing with high-throughput data. In this framework, most multiple testing procedures require a precise estimation of the proportion of true null hypotheses. This estimation problem can be rephrased as an histogram selection problem, which can be solved via leave-p-out (LpO) cross-validation. We will present explicit results that allow us to manage this model selection problem, avoiding the computational burden inherent to LpO. We will then consider a segmentation problem encountered when looking for chromosomal aberrations based one microarray data. The detection of breakpoints and the estimation of their number is an old statistical problem. As for the precision of their localisation, only asymptotic results are available. We will present a dynamic programming type algorithm that allows us to explore the whole segmentation space. It provides information on the localisation precision. It furthermore provides a new model selection criterion for the number of breakpoints.

It's not just organisms that compete in nature—molecules do, too. Sofie Salama and colleagues have been exploring an age-old tug-of-war inside our genome, between genes that spread like kudzu and others that perform a kind of weed control. The conflict between jumping genes (aka transposons), and repressors may have a biological payoff, contributing new regulatory elements that drive organismal complexity and new evolutionary possibilities. Among the subjects Sofie and I discussed: *The pioneering work of Barbara McClintock, discoverer of transposons *The possible viral origins of jumping genes *Do transposons hurt us or help us? *Watching the intragenomic “arms race” in action *There's so much more to the genome than genes *Combinatorial complexity: how a modest number of genes give rise to much more complicated systems *Epigenetics: beyond classical inheritance

Combinatorial games are games played by two people who alternate turns. The games are characterized by the fact that no element of chance is involved in the games, and the players have full knowledge of the game positions at all times. When both players have the same set of allowable moves, the games are called impartial games. The game of Nim is a classic example of an impartial game. In this talk, we look at some examples of impartial games and show different ways to represent the games with the goal of determining winning strategies.

Combinatorial mathematics is concerned with selecting, arranging and counting objects of various kinds. Included under its wide umbrella are permutations and combinations, graphs and networks, certain geometrical problems, and sudoku puzzles. This lecture marks the publication of Combinatorics: Ancient and Modern, edited by Robin Wilson and John J. Watkins and written for a general audience by a galaxy of distinguished historians of science and practising mathematicians. The first ever history of the subject, it has chapters ranging from ancient India and China, via the Islamic world and the Renaissance, to recent topics.The transcript and downloadable versions of the lecture are available from the Gresham College website: http://www.gresham.ac.uk/lectures-and-events/the-mathematics-that-countsGresham College has been giving free public lectures since 1597. This tradition continues today with all of our five or so public lectures a week being made available for free download from our website. There are currently over 1,500 lectures free to access or download from the website.Website: http://www.gresham.ac.ukTwitter: http://twitter.com/GreshamCollegeFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/greshamcollege

Lee, J (University of Michigan) Monday 05 August 2013, 10:00-11:00

Hoshi, Y (Kyoto University) Friday 12 April 2013, 11:00-12:00

Tue, 13 Mar 2012 12:00:00 +0100 https://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14196/ https://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14196/1/Oak_Prajakta.pdf Oak, Prajakta Shirish ddc:540, ddc:500, Fakultät f

Carlos L. Arteaga, MD, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee

Tao, T (University of California, Los Angeles) Thursday 17 February 2011, 14:00-15:00

Felix Yu presents a new method for resolving combinatorial ambiguities that arise in multi-particle decay chains at hadron colliders where the assignment of visible particles to the different decay chains has ambiguities.

Loebl, M (Charles) Thursday 17 April 2008, 11:00-12:00

Ciucu, M (Indiana) Thursday 10 April 2008, 17:00-17:45 Combinatorial Identities and their Applications in Statistical Mechanics

Labelle, G, for Leroux, P (UQAM) Monday 07 April 2008, 10:00-11:11 Combinatorial Identities and their Applications in Statistical Mechanics

Gateva-Ivanova, T (IMI, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences) Thursday 20 March 2008, 11:00-12:00

Faris, WG (Arizona) Tuesday 22 January 2008, 16:00-16:30 Zeros of Graph Polynomials

Wagner, D (Waterloo) Tuesday 15 January 2008, 11:30-12:30 Introductory CSM Cross-Disciplinary Symposium

Wagner, D (Waterloo) Monday 14 January 2008, 11:30-12:30 Introductory CSM Cross-Disciplinary Symposium

The general feasibility of chimerization of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has already been shown for a large number of them. In order to evaluate in vitro parameters relevant to immunosuppressive therapy, we have chimerized and synthesized two anti-CD4 mAbs recognizing two different epitopes on the human T-lymphocyte antigen, CD4. The chimerized mAbs are produced at levels corresponding to those of the original hybridoma cell lines. With respect to activation of human complement, the individual Abs are negative; however, when used in combination, complement activation was performed. When applied in combination, they were found to modulate the CD4 antigen, whereas the individual mAb do not display this property. Individually they mediate an up to 60% inhibition of the mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). However, by combination of an anti-CD4 mAb with one directed against the a-chain of the human IL2 receptor, nearly 100% inhibition of the MLR was achieved, even with reduced dosage of the mAbs. Our data suggest that the combination of an anti-CD4 mAb and an anti-IL2Rcc chain mAb is more effective with respect to immunosuppression than each mAb by itself, indicating that this mAb cocktail could be a new strategy for immunosuppressive therapy.