Podcasts about aih

All of us at Equality & Rights For All, Disabled Reality, & AIH send our thoughts & prayers to everyone throughout all the states that have been affected by the recent hurricanes

Der er ingen tvivl om, at datacentrenes computere og deres kolossale energiforbrug er en af af de største aktuelle udfordringer med især generativ AI.Men måske lurer en helt ny type af computere i baggrunden, som potentielt kan være med til at løse problemet. De kaldes neuromorfiske computere, og bliver bygget efter samme principper som biologiske hjerner – og de er ekstremt energieffektive, sammenlignet med de computere vi kender.Dagens gæst er Jens Egholm Pedersen, Phd-studerende ved KTH i Stockholm. Jens' forskningsfokus drejer sig især om hvordan man kan lave programmeringssprog og andre værktøjer til neuromorfiske computere – når de så småt begynder at blive virkelighed…I Siden Sidst skal vi høre om det nye danske grundforskningscenter TEXT, om YouTube-AI-licenser, og så er der selvfølgelig mere ballade i OpenAI.Lyt med

*Key news articles for today*President Al-Sisi reappointed Prime Minister Mostafa Madbouly on Monday to form a new government after the latter submitted his cabinet's resignation. The House of Representatives gave its seal of approval to the FY 2024-2025 state budget. The government has penciled in growth of 4.2%, up from an estimated 2.9% in FY 2023-2024. Headline inflation is expected to drop to an average of 17.9%, down from a projected 35.7% this FY. The budget deficit is expected to increase to 7.3% of the country's GDP, up from 7.2% this year.Pharma companies have begun receiving new pricing guidelines from the Egyptian Drug Authority. Price hikes will vary depending on each company's cost criteria, with the hikes expected to range from 10-50%.The Minister of Trade and Industry, revealed that the ministry, represented by the Export Development Fund, had issued the first tranche of certificates for phase 7 of the immediate payment initiative to refund export burdens to 478 companies, with a total of EGP7 billion and a net amount of EGP6.3 billion.The CBE sold one-year T-bills worth USD500.6 million with an average return of 5.149%. The proceeds are used to pay off due T-bills, that was sold on June 6. 2023Finance Minister said that the tax policy document circulating on social media is months-old “initial concept” that has now gone through revisions. The document laying out taxation policies throughout El Sisi's third term is still in the works and will be opened up for community dialogue in the “coming weeks.”The Egyptian Electricity Holding Company, affiliated with the Ministry of Electricity, obtained a loan worth EGP51 billion from a local banking alliance that includes 5 banks, and paid it to the Ministry of Petroleum to deduct its value from its debt.Sources said that launching hedge funds in the Egyptian market will be linked to activating the financial derivatives market first. We upgraded our FV for EAST to EGP39.36/share, maintaining our Overweight recommendation. EAST is currently trading at FY23/24e PE of 7.1x.TMGH (FV: EGP75.00, OW) is continuing its treasury share buyback during the period from 3 June 2024 to 2 July 2024.According to data from the CBE, Egyptian banks received EGP258 bn in deposits from outside the banking system in the first four months of the year, with high-yield certificates of deposits contributing a bulk of the deposits.Banque Du Caire net profit expanded 129% on an annual basis, recording EGP2.4 bn. Gross financing facilities increased by (+10% y/y), while customer deposits increased by 4% y/y.AIH's paid-in capital increase from EGP425 mn to EGP467 mn, financed from 2023 profits, record date is on the 23 of June 2024, while distribution date is on the 24 June 2024.Oil prices fell over 3% yesterday to their lowest in close to four months in response to Sunday's OPEC+ decision to gradually increase output towards the end of the year, which left investors worried. Brent crude futures fell 3.4% to USD78.36/bbl.HPS Oil & Gas targets investing USD65 million to increase gas reserves in Southwest Alamein, in the Western Desert. In response to circulating news that the Saudi Public Investment Fund (PIF) is interested in buying towers belonging to two Egyptian telecom companies, ETEL said it has been studying the sale and rental of its towers for more than a year, and that the matter is still at the study stage and has not yet received any offers. 

Prime Minister said the government will unveil several investment opportunities in key sectors during the joint investment conference between Egypt and the European Union slated for 29-30 June.Prime Minister and several government officials on Thursday held an online meeting with over 200 international investors, representing 110 companies. The conversation centered around the local investment environment and gave investors the chance to ask questions.Egypt's net foreign asset deficit continued to narrow in April, falling to USD3.7 billion in the Egyptian banking system, down from USD4.2 billion in March.President El Sisi and Chinese President during El Sisi's visit to China agreed to allow more high-quality Egyptian products into the Chinese market and to explore local currency-denominated local trade.The World Bank revealed that its program with Egypt regarding implementing the state ownership policy will focus on improving governance in the companies that the state will not exit, working on a clear definition of state-owned companies, and the logic behind state ownership.The expected new increases in electricity segments will be implemented in next July's bill. The new increases are expected to range in the first three tranches at a rate of no less than 30%, while the other tranches will not exceed 40% and will not be less than 30%.The New Urban Communities Authority (NUCA) has suspended land-for-FX sales for Egyptians abroad until it assesses the compatibility of the initiative with the CBE's policies. Foreign investors and companies are excluded from this decision.The CBE is expected to issue USD t-bills this week worth USD550 million.TMGH (FV: EGP75.00, OW) achieved strong 1Q24 results, with sales rising 211.5% y/y and 11.0% q/q to EGP38.0 billion. Net profit in 1Q24 increased 219.8% y/y and 279.8% q/q to EGP2.4 billion, supported by stronger operations and FX gains. We maintain our Overweight recommendation of TMGH on an updated FV of EGP75.00/share, up from EGP73.80/share.EAST reported 3Q23/24 net profit of EGP2,276 million (+12.4% YoY, +28.4% QoQ). This brings 9M23/24 bottom-line to EGP5,172 million (-2% YoY). EAST is currently trading at P/E24 of 5x.We downgraded our FV for ECAP to EGP30.82/share from EGP35.56/share, maintaining our Overweight recommendation for the stock with an upside potential of 51%. Relatively tighter margins were the main contributor to the downgrade.The Financial Regulatory Authority (FRA) approved Abu Dhabi-based electrical equipment manufacturer Electra Investment Holding's bid to acquire a 24.5% stake in SWDY at a price of USD1.05/share.CCAP's shareholders can buy into its debt today after its ordinary general assembly approved the debt payback plan. If the company does not raise the full debt amount tomorrow, it will open a second round of subscription on 9 June.TAQA subsidiary and Egypt-based LNG-focused energy company, Rosetta for Energy Solutions, will provide Elsewedy Industrial Development's Elsewedy Industrial City in Tanzania with LNG under a recently inked MoU.Petroleum Minister launched the pilot operation of the expanded oil refinery of Nasr Petroleum Company in Suez at EGP2 billion investments to magnify high-quality petroleum products. The project's annual production capacity stands at 1.2 million tons, expanding the refinery's annual capacity from 6.5 to 7.7 million tons.PHAR (OW, FV:EGP38.79) issued its consolidated net profit of EGP604 million, up 2.2x YoY. PHAR is currently trading at FY24 P/E of 8.7x. ValU, HRHO's subsidiary, is planning for a securitization issuance worth EGP1 billion mid-July 2024.AIH released positive 1Q24 bottom line of EGP13 million (+41% y/y). The growth is mainly attributed to the positive performance of the company's subsidiaries, Rawaj Consumer Finance and Kahromika.

The Prime Minister approved a new EGP120 billion program of subsidized loans for manufacturers in freezones as well as agriculture and renewable energy companies.The European Union is looking to deliver the first tranche, EUR1 billion, of the bloc's pledged EUR5 billion of concessional loans as part of its EUR7.4 billion package to Egypt before next summer.Merchandise circulation in the ports returned to normal levels after periods of accumulation and decreased to USD1.8 billion.The EU-Egypt Investment Conference is now penciled in for June, EU Ambassador to Cairo said. The conference, originally scheduled for May, is expected to bring together some 450 European companies.President El Sisi called for the swift completion of the required legislative steps to facilitate the participation of the private sector in the country's healthcare sector, the President said during a meeting.Russian company Infinity intends to invest USD1 billion in Egypt in the mining sector, after announcing a global auction for gold carried out by Shalatin Mineral Resources Company.The British Pharos Energy received USD10 million of its arrears from EGPC, in addition to USD5.7 million during 2023, which is equivalent to 26.7% of its dues by the end of 2023, amounting to USD37.4 million.JUFO released 4Q23 financial indicators. Attributable net profit recorded EGP141 million in 4Q23 (-56.1% YoY, -13.7% QoQ). This brings FY23 attributable net profit to EGP1.0 billion (+60.0% YoY). JUFO is currently trading at 2024f P/E of 9.8x and EV/EBITDA of 5.2x.JUFO's BoD proposed cash dividends distribution of EGP0.20/share, implying payout ratio of 18.4% and a dividend yield of 1.2%. Negotiations between SKPC and Ethydco for a merger are resumed after receiving the approval of ADQ for a share swap. The merger is expected to be finalized in 3Q24. ADES targets to complete drilling six oil wells in Ras Ghareb during 2H24.COMI (FV: EGP100, OW) is to distribute cash dividends of EGP0.55/share, implying a DY of 0.7% and a payout ratio of 5.6% of 2023 net profit. Record date is 21 April 2024 while distribution date is 24 April 2024.AIH reported positive FY23 results where net consolidated attributable income stood at EGP90.16 million (+28% y/y). AIH is currently trading at P/E24 of 8.4x and P/B24 of 0.8x.According to local media, Drive Finance, a subsidiary of GB Capital, owned by GBCO, is considering issuing a financing sukuk program worth EGP2 billion before the end of this year.  GBCO plans to start operating its car assembly plant in Sadat City by the beginning of 2025. MCQE's (FV: EGP22.36, EW) general assembly approved the proposed cash dividend distribution of EGP0.5/share for FY23 to be distributed in two equal installments. This implies a DY of 3% and payout ratio of 51%.Weekly Commodities Update |   | Last Price | WoW Change, % | Brent, USD/bbl | 87.5 | 2.4% | Diesel-HSFO Spread, USD/ton | 362 | -2.2% | Egypt Urea, USD/ton | 333 | -6.3% | Polyethylene, USD/ton | 1,040 | 0.0% | Polypropylene, USD/ton | 970 | 0.5% | Steel/Iron Ore Spreads, USD/ton | 408 | 3.0% | LME Aluminum Cash Price, USD/ton | 2,295 | 1.4% | Egyptian Retail Cement, EGP/ton | 2,106 | 0.0% | Steam Coal FOB Newcastle Australia, USD/ton | 129 | 1.1% | SMP, USD/MT | 2,517 | 0.0% | Last price may vary week over week in some indices due to time difference

Have you ever worked for a company that took horticultural excellence seriously within the landscape design, construction and maintenance sectors?This episode is a case study on a company called Yards, which was started by a connection of mine from the AIH, Ben French. In this episode, I interview him and two of his staff, Amanda and Dale, about what they're doing differently to other companies working in the space.Have a listen and compare what you've been doing with what they're doing. And check their vibe if you're in Brisbane, because they're hiring!  EPISODE LINKSYards website: https://www.yards.com.au/Contact Yards: https://www.yards.com.au/contactYards team: https://www.yards.com.au/why-yards/our-teamYards company profile on Hort People: https://hortpeople.com/companies/yards-pty-ltd/Yards' job ad for horticulturist/ landscape gardener project leader: https://hortpeople.com/jobs/horticulturist-landscape-gardener-project-leader/FOLLOW US ON SOCIAL MEDIATwitter: @PlantsGrowHere / Facebook: @PlantsGrowHerePodcast - Join our Facebook group!VISIT OUR WEBSITEwww.PlantsGrowHere.comYou'll find heaps of educational blog articles, including How To Prune For Natural Shape, What Relationships Do Plants Have With Other Organisms?, and What Is Healthy Soil, And How Can We Build It?.LET'S WORK TOGETHERAre you in the industry or an enthusiast with something of value to share? We're always on the hunt for interesting people, doing interesting things. If you'd like to work with us send a message via our online form or a direct email to plantsgrowhere@gmail.com.

*Key news articles for today*The CBE's Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) is meeting today to decide on interest rates for the first time in 2024. We reiterate our view that the MPC might prefer to keep rates unchanged, as long as stability still prevails on the currency front. Inflation readings have been capitalizing on favorable base effect recently. Besides, we believe any possible hike would be of little benefit compared to its fiscal costs.The Fed left interest rates unchanged for the fourth consecutive meeting at a 22-year high of 5.25%-5.50%.News have been circulating that a coalition of Emirati companies affiliated with the Emirate of Abu Dhabi agreed with the Egyptian government to buy land in the city of Ras El Hekma on the northwestern coast to establish a project with investments exceeding USD22 billion. However, government sources have reportedly said that there are currently no such agreements concluded with Emirati businessmen.The Cabinet decided to cut funds allocated for investment in the current fiscal year's budget by 15% and push back any new projects until 30 June 2024.The Cabinet greenlit the executive regulations for the law scrapping tax exemptions previously granted to state entities and public-sector companies and projects.Director of the Middle East and Central Asia Department at the IMF said that Egypt's GDP growth rate could increase by 5-6% if the government allows the private sector to play a leading role in Egypt's economy and reconsiders the role of the public sector.The IMF warns that Israel's war on Gaza is “exacerbating an already challenging environment for neighboring countries and beyond," highlighting possible impact on tourism and Suez Canal revenues.Minister of Finance revealed the customs release for 20,500 cars has been completed, as part of the expats' cars initiative, during the period from 30 October 2023 until 29 January 2024, with a total transfer of USD667 million.Member of the Board of Directors of the Federation of Egyptian Industries warned of the repercussions of the stifling crisis facing the industry in Egypt due to the high production costs and the FX shortage,  which caused a decline in production and the halt of expansion plans.CLHO intends to invest around EGP2 billion over 18 months in growth capex, directed to the completion of Phases 1 and 2 of Sky Hospital in East Cairo, the expansion of Cleopatra October in West Cairo, and the expansion of polyclinic activities.EFIH is preparing to acquire a stake in an electronic payments company during February 2024.GBCO plans to expand the introduction of electric cars in the local market during the upcoming period. A delegation from the Indian company ICON visited KIMA's factory in Aswan to prepare for the technical studies of the rehabilitation of the ammonium nitrate production line as well as the warehouses of the final products.  Taqa Arabia's Taqa Power subsidiary Taqa Volt will develop, manage, operate, and maintain nine EV charging stations in New Cairo's Cairo Festival City.The Ministry of Petroleum approved allocating 60 km in Gulf of Suez as two new oil concessions to the General Petroleum Company (GPC). OPEC+ members will review the oil cartel's ongoing production cuts during a Joint Ministerial Monitoring Committee today.The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) will be granting HRHO's microfinance arm Tanmeyah the EGP equivalent of up to USD10 million. The CBE denied putting limits on daily cash withdrawals from banks.CNFN's securitization arm, Sarwa, is planning to issue Islamic sukuk worth EGP2.5 billion by the end of February.AIH has finalized the sale of its 99.8% stake in the Arabian International Contracting Company for EGP74.9 million. 

TuttoHotel 2024, il salone e mostra espositiva per hotel, b&b e strutture ricettive, prenderà il via tra una settimana, da lunedi 15 a mercoledi 17 gennaio, presso la Mostra D'Oltremare di Napoli. Attesa, utile, di confronto per tutti gli operatori del settore, da privati proprietari a catene alberghiere fino ai diversi professionisti, tra cui arredatori, direttori, consulenti, che qui troveranno un concentrato di qualità di ogni area di acquisizione o di consulenza, necessaria per aprire o gestire una struttura ricettiva. Con un successo cresciuto nel tempo della prime edizioni con oltre 120 espositori e 10.000 visitatori, oggi alla quarta edizione, mira a diventare l'appuntamento di riferimento per gli addetti ai lavori dell'ospitalità del Centro-Sud Italia per la valorizzazione delle strutture ricettive del Mezzogiorno, ovvero l'Ospitalità Mediterranea. L'ingresso dei visitatori a TuttoHotel è libero e l'evento organizzato da Squisito Eventi Srl, TicketLab e D&D Group, ha il patrocinio del Comune di Napoli, della Regione Campania e dell'Ordine degli Architetti e Paesaggisti di Napoli e Provincia, Federalberghi Napoli, oltre alle partnership con le principali associazioni di categoria del settore (AMIRA, AIS, AIH, URCC, ADA, APCN).

Do you know the secret to controlling rabbits within the landscape?Whether you're responsible for a public park, a farm, or a private property that's home to these garden-destroying pests, you'll want to control them in the most ethical way possible.The secret is a decisive, multi-pronged operation designed to wipe them all out in a single season. There are a number of methods to use, including locating warren entries, exposing them to predators, waiting for the right time to responsibly use baits, collapsing their warrens, and a commitment to regular monitoring.Dr Ian Smith is an ecologist that's worked in the agriculture, ecology and natural resource management sectors. He's also the host of the Bug Bites short episodes on this podcast.Stick around to the end of the episode to hear about Ian's upcoming talk in February near Sydney. Or, click the AIH events link below.EPISODE LINKSFollow Ian on Twitter: https://twitter.com/EcologIanIan's LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/driansmithMy LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/daniel-fuller-180908208/AIH Events: https://aih.org.au/australian-institure-of-horticulture-events/#!event-listFOLLOW US ON SOCIAL MEDIATwitter: @PlantsGrowHere / Facebook: @PlantsGrowHerePodcast - Join our Facebook group!VISIT OUR WEBSITEwww.PlantsGrowHere.comLET'S WORK TOGETHERAre you in the industry or an enthusiast with something of value to share? We're always on the hunt for interesting people, doing interesting things. If you'd like to work with us send a message via our online form or a direct email to plantsgrowhere@gmail.com.

The base wage used to calculate national ins. contributions for public and private sector workers will be raised to a minimum of EGP2k and a maximum of EGP12.6k as of 1 January 2024.The flow of traffic in the Suez Canal remains normal, authority head said.Egypt received USD8.8 billion in external financing for the government and private sectors during 2023, compared to USD13.7 billion in 2022, a decrease of 35.7%.Egypt's non-petroleum exports increased in 10M2023 by 5.3% YoY, to record USD29.5 billion, up from USD28 billion during the same period a year before.ADIB BOD has approved the mandatory tender offer to purchase the free float shares of Cairo National Co for Investment and Securities (KWIN) and up to 100% for EGP10.5/share. ADIB's current stake in the company is 89.992%. OIH's net consolidated profits jumped by 59.12% over 9M23, recording EGP422.24 million, compared to EGP265.36 million over 9M22.AIH's general assembly approved the agreement with JAF Investment Company, to acquire 30% of both Rawaj Consumer Finance Company and UE Finance Company, for EGP30 million and EGP147 million, respectively. Moreover, selling the company's entire stake in its subsidiary, Arab International Contracting, in exchange for removing all the debt AIH owes to it. EXPA postpones its EGM scheduled to be held on 11 January 2024 to 16 January 2024 to discuss increasing the paid-in capital by EGP840 million to reach EGP7,441 million from EGP6,600 million by distributing 1:7.8 bonus shares financed from retained earnings and FY22 net profit.Three bidders are competing to buy ETEL's towers at a transaction value of USD150-250 mn, according to local press.EGAL (FV: EGP77.75, OW) denied knowledge of an agreement, reported yesterday, that would see Emirates Global Aluminum (EGA) invest an undisclosed amount in EGAL.  ETRS will establish a SAR10 million (USD2.7 million) limited liability company in Saudi Arabia in partnership with the kingdom's Link Investments in 1Q24. The new entity will have initial capital of SAR500 thousands.Weekly Commodities Update |   | Last Price | WoW Change, % | Brent, USD/bbl | 76.6 | 0.9% | Diesel-HSFO Spread, USD/ton | 353 | -3.7% | Egypt Urea, USD/ton | 340 | -2.2% | Polyethylene, USD/ton | 990 | 0.0% | Polypropylene, USD/ton | 930 | 0.5% | Steel/Iron Ore Spreads, USD/ton | 375 | 1.0% | LME Aluminum Cash Price, USD/ton | 2,206 | 5.5% | Egyptian Retail Cement, EGP/ton | 2,076 | 5.8% | Steam Coal FOB Newcastle Australia, USD/ton | 145 | -3.8% | SMP, USD/MT | 2,671 | 1.9% | Last price may vary week over week in some indices due to time difference

Valerie Verge was in her early twenties when she landed her first job, doing neuroscience research and she loved it. But 43 years ago, her research journey began to take a twist. "I developed an allergy to rats and mice,” she said. “I was using a box of Kleenex a day.”   She reluctantly had to admit that this may not be her career path, and spent her evenings earning a ‘back-up plan' degree in computer programming at McGill. She refused to give up laboratory work, and went on with her colleagues to code and create an in house computerized image analysis system that was not readily available commercially or affordable. “That was huge back then,” she said. “It came in very, very handy because we were able to integrate images on our microscope with computers and quantitatively analyze them.”   As her allergies gradually lessened, Verge stayed in the lab and earned her Ph.D. in the Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery at McGill in 1990, then moved to the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm for post-doctoral studies. By 1992, she followed her heart to the prairies, and found ‘wonderful opportunities' for research at University of Saskatchewan's College of Medicine and soon after in a new UofS MS focussed research centre in Saskatoon City Hospital.  Today, she's a professor of anatomy, physiology and pharmacology, and the director of the Cameco MS Neuroscience Research Centre, with expertise converging on a singular goal — finding innovative ways to repair the nervous system.   Her recent peripheral nerve repair collaboration with Dr. Ming Chan from the University of Alberta Department of Medicine and Dr. Gillian Muir, Dean of the UofS Western College of Veterinary Medicine  explores acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) This non-invasive therapy involves breathing controlled alternating cycles of regular air and air with reduced oxygen levels.   "It sounds horrible! But it's not like having a stroke, where you can have zero oxygen,” said Verge. “This is more like just taking it down by a percentage to a level that induces a beneficial stress response.”   The rationale behind AIH lies in its ability to trigger repair responses. By subjecting the body to a mild, controlled stressor, the therapy aims to activate repair mechanisms that can be beneficial for nervous system repair. Dr. Verge's work involves investigating the impact of AIH on repairing peripheral nerves, outside of the brain and spinal cord and more recently, extending this therapy to investigate repair and neuroprotection in a model of multiple sclerosis.   In a female mouse model of progressive multiple sclerosis, Verge said graduate student Nataliya Tokarska observed an 80 per cent reduction in inflammation levels after just once daily treatment with the AIH protocol for one week   “They're supposed to only get worse. Even two weeks after ending treatment, they're still showing improvement,” said Dr. Verge, noting regions with lesions transitioned to a state of ‘advanced' myelin repair; axons were being remyelinated and the immune response was dramatically decreased and shifted to a pro-repair state .   “It's an extremely robust repair response like I've never seen in my 43 years of doing research.”   Verge said the technique has already helped patients with spinal cord injuries. In humans it does  not raise their blood pressure or heart rate or induce memory loss. Unlike invasive procedures, such as electrical nerve stimulation (ES), the entire body is exposed to AIH. Verge and her team are now building on previous ES findings, showing intermittent low oxygen therapy behaves in a similar favourable manner repairing damaged and severed nerves in animal models.   Grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) and MS Canada allow the research team to transition from pre-clinical rat work to human trials in carpal tunnel syndrome, and one day even multiple sclerosis patients. This marks a crucial step toward validating the efficacy of AIH in repairing the nervous system.   “It's a pleasure to see things come full circle,” said Verge, who said her role now is to inspire and share insight with the next generation of neuroscientists. “We're very, very hopeful for the future.”

The Fed agreed at their last policy meeting that they would proceed "carefully" and only raise interest rates if progress in controlling inflation faltered. They expressed little appetite for cutting interest rates anytime soon, particularly as inflation remains well above their goal. The Minister of Finance revealed that the government is considering issuing blue bonds in the international market.  Shell Egypt announced a new offshore natural gas discovery in Egypt's North-East El-Amriya block in the Mediterranean Sea. A recent report issued by the US Department of Agriculture estimated that Egypt's wheat imports will reach about 12 million tons during 2023/24, an increase of 6.9% YoY, due to the decrease in the cultivated area of the crop. Saudi's Al Kraida Dates is looking to set up a 10k sqm date factory in Egypt beginning of 2024, chairman said. The factory will target the local market during its first year of operations before expanding into exports. American tech distributor Ingram Micro wants to invest some USD 60 mn in the Egyptian market in 2024, the company's country director said. SVCE announced its 3Q23 financial results, recording a net profit of EGP13.1 million, 60% lower than 3Q22 earnings, and reversing previous quarter losses of EGP39.2 million. This shrinks 9M23 losses to EGP63.1 million from a loss of EGP83.8 million in 9M22. ELEC reported 9M23 consolidated earnings of EGP955.4 million, up from EGP263.3 million in 9M22 (+263%).  The Egyptian Railway Authority of the Ministry of Transportation will receive technical and financial offers of 25 local and global companies to develop Tanta–El Mansoura–Damietta Rail Project on December 13, 2023.  CBE plans to roll out e-KYC by 3Q24 and plans to launch a new mobile app next year that will allow users to open bank accounts online.  HRHO's consumer finance arm Valu will start offering shoppers at supermarket chain Kazyon financing solutions, under a strategic partnership inked between the two sides. The European Investment Bank (EIB) yesterday inaugurated a new regional hub in Cairo, which aims to facilitate and bolster the bank's cooperation with its partners in the MENA region. AIH's BOD has approved the FV study of the Arabian International Construction company at EGP31.88 per share. The selling transaction is now awaiting the OGM's approval and is aiming to drop down all the debts related to the investment (EGP74.9 mn). The company has also approved the FVs study of Rawaj Consumer Finance and UE finance at EGP1.07 per share and EGP304.4 per share, respectively. 

Unemployment rate inched up to 7.1% in 3Q23.The European Union is said to be mulling a package of investment in Egypt that could clock in at nearly USD10 billion in sectors including digital, energy, agriculture and transport.Afreximbank is looking to extend USD11 billion in credit facilities to a number of Egyptian companies.   The EGP weakened to a record low against the greenback in the parallel market yesterday, at more than 50.0 per USD. On the other hand, NDF contracts have fallen to a record low . The three-month EGP contract is down 14% over the period to 37.7 and the 12-month NDF has slid 11% since late September to 47.0, Bloomberg reports. The CBE has doubled the limit on daily and monthly prepaid cards, financial inclusion accounts, and mobile wallets.  The Chinese company LONGi, has presented a proposal to establish a green hydrogen production plant in Egypt. We upgraded our FV for ABUK to EGP81.21/share, with an Equalweight recommendation. ABUK is currently trading at FY23/24 P/E of 7.0x and EV/EBITDA of 9.0x. PHDC (FV: EGP5.59, OW) reported 3Q23 results. Net profit in 3Q23 increased 25.2% y/y and 24.2% q/q to EGP441.3 million, bringing 9M23 net profit up 15.2% y/y to EGP1.0 billion. We raised our FV from EGP4.35/share to EGP5.59/share.EMFD (FV: EGP5.66, OW) reported 3Q23 results. Net profit in 3Q23 reached EGP1.5 billion, down 17.6% y/y and up 18.7% q/q, bringing 9M23 net profit up 1.8% y/y to EGP5.0 billion. We raised our FV from EGP5.01/share to EGP5.66/share.ARAB reported 3Q23 results. Net profit in 3Q23 reached EGP35.7 million, up 769.5% y/y and down 4.8% q/q, taking 9M23 net profit to EGP88.7 million, up 345.7% y/y. EFIH (FV: EGP23.50, OW) reported 3Q23 results. Net attributable profit surged to EGP429 million (+111.6% YoY, -1.7% QoQ). 9M23 net attributable profit came in at EGP1.1 billion (+66.5% YoY). BoD approved buying 1% treasury shares over a month and approved a 1% ESOP in 2023. EFIH is currently trading at 2024 P/E of 20.3x and EV/EBITDA of 13.8x. ORWE released 3Q23 results. Net profit for the quarter reached EGP596 mn compared to EGP79 mn in 3Q22 and EGP290 mn in 2Q23. ORWE is currently trading at a FY24 P/E of 5.6x and an EV/EBITDA of 4.9x Toma Company for Commercial and Industrial Investments have bought back 545 mn shares of DSCW at EGP0.80/share. The family now owns 58.6% of the company. CIB's London-listed depository receipts are now trading at a 46% discount to the bank's shares on the EGX, the widest the gap has been since 1997.HRHO (FV: EGP18.31, OW) 3Q23 net profit after tax and minority interest recorded EGP395 million (-2% q/q, +24% y/y), bringing 9M23 net attributable profit to EGP1,685 million (+68% y/y). HRHO is currently trading at P/E24 of 11.0x and P/B24 of 1.0x. HDBK released 3Q23 bottom line of EGP1,404 million (-17% q/q, +156% y/y) bringing 9M23 bottom line to EGP4,419 million (+152% y/y). HDBK is currently trading at 2024 P/E of 3.3x and P/B of 1.0x. BINV released 9M23 financial results where the bottom-line recorded EGP446.4 million (-55% y/y). BINV is currently trading at P/E24 of 3.3x. OIH reported standalone 3Q23 results where it recorded a net income of EGP14 mn (-92% y/y), leading to a 9M23 net income of EGP15 mn (-93% YoY). OIH is currently trading at P/E24 of 11.5x. AIH reported 3Q23 results where net attributable income stood at EGP5.3 mn (-47% y/y). 9M23 bottom-line recorded EGP27 mn (-39% y/y). AIH is currently trading at P/E24 of 6.3x and P/B24 of 0.6x. OFH reported 3Q23 results, where net profit for the quarter of EGP7.7 mn (-33% y/y), bringing the 9M23 bottom-line to EGP123 mn, compared to

Episode Highlights 0:12 Intro 1:24 Challenges in autoimmune hepatitis 3:30 Patient demographics 4:25 Diagnostic challenges 6:35 What is overlap syndrome? 8:04 Mysteries behind immune dysregulation 9:05 Promising drugs in investigation 10:51 The BAFF receptor target 11:41 Infliximab & rituximab 12:38 An autoimmune hepatitis wishlist 15:29 Outro Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), a rare liver disease characterized by an unclear driver of inflammation, is historically challenged by limited clinical understanding, a slow development of treatment options in investigation, and a nonetheless concerning prognosis for affected adults and children. While some prospects are in development to aid specialists in adequately identifying risk factors for, diagnosing and treating AIH, education and communication on those developments is vital. In an interview with HCPLive during the American College of Gastroenterology (ACG 2023) Annual Scientific Meeting in Vancouver, BC this week, Gina Choi, MD, associator clinical professor of medicine and surgery at UCLA Health, discussed the ins and outs of modern autoimmune liver disease research and development.  Including the treatment pipeline and current standards for diagnostics, Choi additionally discussed the sociodemographic and pathophysiological traits of AIH burden—as well as the lesser-known overlap syndrome. For more hepatology and gastroenterology coverage from ACG 2023, visit us at https://www.hcplive.com/conference/acg.

The CBE is preparing to launch a new index which links the Egyptian Pound with a basket of international currencies and gold with various weights in order to determine a more realistic exchange rate instead of depending solely on the USD.Misr Life Insurance finalized preparations to offer 45% of its shares in IPO.Investors will be able to bid for industrial land from Wednesday, 16 Aug, through Wednesday, 27 Sep, under a new phase of the IDA investment map. The government is in talks with Actis in a bid to convince it to pay USD 600-800 million for the 580-MW Gabal El Zeit wind farm. The Finance Ministry will pay out a third batch of export subsidies under the sixth of the program today and tomorrow. SKPC (FV: EGP22.8; EW) 2Q23 net profit recorded EGP689 million (+218% YoY). 1H23 net profit increased by 159% YoY to EGP1.2 billion. We changed our recommendation to Equalweight from Overweight. SKPC is currently trading at a 2023e PE of 7.1x. Total exports of the sector amounted to USD1.3 billion during 1H23, down 20% y/y.Natural gas futures surging 13% yesterday. ORWE (FV: EGP18.50, OW) 2Q23 net profit recorded EGP290 mn (+37.3% YoY). The company did not receive any export rebates for the second quarter in a row. ORWE is trading at a FY23 P/E of 5.6x.DSCW (FV: EGP0.57, OW) 2Q23 standalone net profit recorded EGP105.8 mn for the quarter ( +260.3% YoY). DSCW is currently trading at a FY23 P/E of 4.8x.STC renews interest in acquiring a stake in Vodafone Egypt, according to local press.EFIH (FV: EGP23.50, OW) 2Q23 net attributable profit surged to EGP436 million (+56.2% YoY). EFIH is currently trading at 2023f P/E of 28.7x.EMFD (FV: EGP5.01, OW) reported weak 2Q23 results, with revenue reaching EGP3.8 billion, down 14.0% y/y. HELI (FV: EGP12.44, OW) reported weak 2Q23 revenue of EGP134.2 million, down 91.0% y/y, bringing 1H23 revenue down 85.4% y/y to EGP225.1 million. OCDI (FV: EGP23.30, OW) intends to open a sales center in the UAE.EGTS (FV: EGP1.68, EW) reported 2Q23 net loss of EGP46.8 million, compared to 2Q22 net loss of EGP3.5 million.ARAB (FV: EGP0.65, EW) reported solid 2Q23 sales of EGP1.2 billion, up 99.7% y/y, bringing 1H23 sales up 174.6% y/y to EGP2.5 billion. AMER reported a 5.8% y/y increase in 1H23 revenue to EGP651.8 million and a 46.5% y/y increase in 1H23 net profit to EGP18.0 million.BINV (FV: EGP23.50, OW) released POSITIVE 1H23 results where the bottom-line recorded EGP385 million which is 6x more than the bottom-line in 1H22. BINV is currently trading at annualized P/E23 of 5.3x.CNFN's 2Q23 bottom-line recorded an impressive EGP172 million (+64% y/y). AIH reported POSITIVE 2Q23 results where net attributable income stood at EGP12.6 mn vs a loss of EGP2.3 mn in 2Q22. OFH 2Q23 net profit recorded EGP4.9 mn, leading to a 1H23 net profit of EGP115 mn, vs 1H22 loss of EGP234 mn. OFH is currently trading at annualized P/E23 of 8.0x and annualized P/B23 of 0.7x.OIH reported NEGATIVE 2Q23 results where it recorded a net loss for the quarter of EGP51 mn.  OIH is currently trading at annualized P/E23 of 40x.DOMT (FV: EGP9.24, OW) 2Q23 net profit climbed by 66.2% YoY. DOMT is currently trading at a FY23 P/E of 4.2x.RMDA (FV: EGP3.80, OW) 2Q23 attributable net income declined by 6.1% YoY to record EGP49 million in 2Q23. RMDA is currently trading at 2023f P/E of 7.3x.SCEM consolidated net loss after minority of EGP79.7 million in 1H23, shrinking from comparative losses of EGP102.4 million.LCSW 2Q23 attributable net income of EGP167.9 million in 2Q23 compared to net loss of EGP60.6 million in 2Q22. LCSW is currently trading at an annualized P/E of 2.4x.

Welcome to the first episode for our Liver Series! In this episode, we'll be discussing Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH), a chronic liver disease caused by the body's immune system attacking the liver. We will go over the symptoms that can include fatigue, jaundice, dark urine and nausea to name a few. Dr. Niket Sonpal will talk about the diagnostic process and the different types of treatments that you can offer your patients. With early diagnosis and treatment, most people with AIH can live normal, healthy lives. July 10, 2023 — Never pay for another course, workshop or seminar again. Become a member and get full access to every resource we've ever made. You'll also get 50 CAT 1 CMEs every calendar year as part of your membership. Click the link to learn more about becoming a member: Medgeeks All Access — Do you work in primary care medicine? Primary Care Medicine Essentials is our brand new program specifically designed for primary care providers to increase their core medical knowledge & improve patient flow optimization. Learn more here: Primary Care Essentials —

Pitch| ETEL's Relative Valuation and Vodafone Stake Sale Show Massive Upside Potential. ETEL is significantly undervalued compared to emerging peers. The relative value ranges from EGP48.05-81.93 per share. DCF FV is EGP 34. A significant improvement in financial performance on reaping infrastructure spending fruits along with Improved cash flows, higher margins, and lower CAPEX. Key Triggers: Upward Repricing Potential, Orange Roaming Agreement, and Tower Monetization. Market price fails to reflect Vodafone Egypt's Implied Valuation, Adjusted for FX Rate, which implies ETEL total value of EGP40.08 to EGP42.60 per share. Sale of VFE stake proceeds for ETEL to range from EGP7.22-15.79 per share (DY of 29.5-64.5%), which might be used for deleveraging and dividends.The impact of commodities prices changes during 2Q23 on listed stocks as follows:-Positive impact on ESRS, IRAX, ARCC, MSQE, MBSC, ORWE, and SUGR-Neutral impact on EGAL, SWDY, SKPC, EKHO, CCAP, and POUL-Negative impact on AMOC, ABUK, MFPC, EGCH, MICH, JUFO, DOMT, OLFI, EFID, and AUTOThe Madbouly government is on Tuesday expected to hold a press conference at which it will announce the completion of a number of asset sales as part of the state privatization program.The House of Representatives yesterday gave preliminary approval to amendments for the 2017 Investment Law that lawmakers hope will help attract more foreign direct investment.Fitch Solutions expects tourism revenues in Egypt to rise from USD14.4 billion by the end of 2023 to USD17.4 billion in 2027.A Chinese business delegation from Jilin province met with Suez Canal Economic Zone (SCZone) representatives to explore investment prospects, the SCZone said yesterday.The International Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) of the World Bank is considering issuing a USD100 million guarantee to cover trade financing for the benefit of the National Bank of Egypt and Banque Misr. CLHO reported solid 1Q23 with net attributable profit of EGP95 million in 1Q23 (-1.4% YoY, +20.0% QoQ), in line with our estimate of EGP106 million. Strong base effect due to covid-related revenues. CLHO is currently trading at 2023f P/E of 13.9x and EV/EBITDA of 7.2x. Abdelgawad's family shares in ISPH were blocked. This is old news, where shares have been already blocked as of 4Q22. This has no impact on ISPH's operations and financial performance.The Trade and Industry Ministry has approved extending anti-dumping duties on reinforced steel imports from China, Turkey, and Ukraine for another four years, starting June 1st 2023.EGX canceled last session's trades on TAQA's shares, keeping only the block trade and will give the company a second debut today. Pakinam Kafafi, TAQA's CEO, announced a plan to invest EGP 1.7 billion during 2023 and signed a definitive agreement with a Saudi partner to establish a new company in the kingdom.The IFC is extending a 10-year Tier 2 facility worth USD 150 mn to COMI, to support the bank's sustainable growth plans.CNFN's consumer finance arm Contact Creditech and digital payments app Telda have teamed up to offer lending-as-a-service (LaaS) solutions.Kahromika, AIH's subsidiary wins the bid for the new electricity connection lines, linking New Delta and October City with a total cost of EGP510 mn.Businessman Jamal Al-Jarhi acquired less than 5% of the capital of Beltone Holding Company, by purchasing a share of the subscription rights in the company's shares. MPs gave final approval to two bills allowing for the USD565 million redevelopment of the East Port Said port.

In this episode, Dr. Temara Hajjat and Dr. Peter Lu discuss autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) management with Dr. Amy Taylor. Dr. Taylor discusses the latest approaches to managing AIH and shares recent advancements in AIH research.Learning Objectives:Understand how to diagnose patients with autoimmune hepatitis Discuss challenging scenarios in managing patients with autoimmune hepatitis Discuss new potential research and A-LiNK, a registry for patients with autoimmune hepatitis Resources:A-LiNK: https://www.improvecarenow.org/a_linkThis episode is eligible for CME credit! Once you have listened to the episode, click this link to claim your credit. Credit is available to NASPGHAN members (if you are not a member, you should probably sign up). And thank you to the NASPGHAN Professional Education Committee for their review!Support the showAs always, the discussion, views, and recommendations in this podcast are the sole responsibility of the hosts and guests and are subject to change over time with advances in the field.Follow us on Twitter, Facebook and Instagram for all the latest news and upcoming episodes!

JUFO (FV: EGP14.00, OW) released 1Q23 bottom line of EGP339 mn (+134.9% YoY, +107%, QoQ), backed by enhanced gross profitability, cost-cutting measures, and exports, despite the heightened interest expenses and FX losses. Price increases did not compensate for volumes drop. JUFO is trading at a FY23 P/E of 11.1x and an EV/EBITDA of 6.1x.EAST (FV: EGP24.72, OW) released 3Q22/23 bottom line of EGP1,801 mn (+35.3% YoY, -11% QoQ) backed by the company's interest income and FX gains. The squeeze in gross margins sequentially is due to the rising costs starting to catch up with the company. The price increase implemented by March 2023 is expected to reflect by 4Q22/. EAST is trading at a FY23/24 P/E of 6.4x and an EV/EBITDA of 2.9x.ARCC (FV:EGP9.94, OW) posted consolidated 1Q23 attributable net income of EGP242 million (+4-fold YoY, +2.5-fold QoQ). The surge in earnings was attributed to considerable revenue growth as well as healthy margins, despite forex loss of EGP104 million. Selling price increases outpaced that of production costs. ARCC is trading at FY23e P/E of 5.1x, EV/EBITDA of 2.7x and EV/ton of EGP636.MBSC posted its unaudited financial results for 1Q23 recording earnings of EGP61 million (+29% YoY, -75% QoQ). The annual surge in earnings was supported by almost nil tax expense and forex losses reported in other comprehensive income. The sequential drop came as a result of the reversal of the EGP380 million provision booked in 4Q22. Lower sales volumes. MBSC is currently trading at FY23e P/E of 11.1x, EV/EBITDA of 9.1x and EV/ton of EGP675.  MBSC board of directors approved purchasing 10% of the company's total shares as treasury shares.Siemens - SWDY (FV: EGP19.97, OW) consortium has now a higher chance to win the bid for the rehabilitation of hydroelectric power plants in Aswan (EUR41 million) after the withdrawal of Sinohydro-Power China consortium from competition. The Egyptian Ministry of Housing is close to presenting the first package of water desalination projects (29 projects) to the private sector. PHDC (FV: EGP3.91, OW) achieved solid 1Q23 sales of EGP6.8 billion, up 22.3% y/y and down 20.1% q/q, supported by sales in Badya and in Palm Hills Alexandria. Net profit in 1Q23 reached EGP252.7 million, down 14.3% y/y and 26.8% q/q, due to a 145.1% y/y increase in finance cost to EGP368.4 million. BINV released positive 1Q23 financial results, where the consolidated bottom line recorded EGP331 mn implying 15x growth y/y. 1Q23 net income excludes a capital gain of EGP530 mn resulting from the sale of  BINV's stake in TOTAL Energies Egypt (which was booked in the retained earnings directly). 1Q23 comprehensive income reached EGP 861 mn. BINV is currently trading at P/E23 of 5.4x and P/B23 of 1.1x.HDBK 1Q23 standalone bottom line recorded EGP1,325 million (+163% q/q, +107% y/y, driven by 1) robust margins, 2) strong non-interest income, and 3) slower growth of OPEX than operating income. HDBK is currently trading at 2023 P/E of 4.0x and P/B of 0.8x.CANA's 1Q23 net profit recorded EGP251 million (+161% y/y,-63% q/q), on the back of strong top-line growth (+90% y/y), and strong non-interest income growth (+302% y/y), driven by FX gains. Sequentially, there is a high base effect (EGP666 million). FRA has approved CANA's latest round of capital increase, from EGP3.6 bn to EGP4.3 bn, through 0.194 bonus shares/CANA share. The stock is currently trading at P/B23 of 0.3x and P/E23 of 2.5x.Orascom Investment Holding (OIH) is exploring investments in Uzbekistan's renewables and hospitality sectors, as part of a USD1.2 bn investment plan.AIH released 1Q23 standalone financials where the bottom line recorded EGP9.2 million (-75%y/y, -62.3%q/q) on the back of higher provisions, and weaker top-line. AIH's BoD approved increasing the company's paid-in capital from EGP404.7 million to EGP490.7 million through 0.05 bonus shares/AIH

Ngăn chận Trung Quốc dùng thương mại, kinh tế như một loại vũ khí phục vụ các mục tiêu chính trị, ngoại giao hay chiến lược : Thất bại được báo trước của thượng đỉnh G7 Hiroshima. Làm thế nào để ngăn cản một thủ đoạn mà chính phương Tây, đứng đầu là Mỹ, vẫn thường xuyên sử dụng ?  Theo giới quan sát, tương tự như trong rất nhiều lĩnh vực công nghiệp, Bắc Kinh đã quan sát, học hỏi những phương pháp của những quốc gia khác để tiến xa hơn khi bắt tay vào thực hành. Sử dụng thủ đoạn economic coercion bắt chẹt thế giới cũng vậy. Tránh nêu đích danh Trung Quốc nhưng tại Hiroshima, hôm 20/05/2023, 7 nước công nghiệp phát triển nhất thế giới (Mỹ, Canada, Anh, Pháp, Đức, Ý và Nhật Bản) cảnh cáo mọi ý đồ khai thác « mậu dịch, kinh tế như một công cụ chính trị (…) mọi ý đồ biến sự lệ thuộc của G7 và các đối tác của khối này thành một mục tiêu quân sự ». Đồng thời G7 chủ trương giảm thiểu mức độ phụ thuộc vào hàng hóa, nguyên liệu, vào dây chuyền sản xuất, vào chuỗi cung ứng của Trung Quốc. Tại Washington, cố vấn an ninh quốc gia Hoa Kỳ Jake Sullivan bồi thêm : G7 tuy không là một thượng đỉnh « chống lại Trung Quốc » nhưng đây là cơ hội để khối này tìm cách « giảm thiểu những rủi ro » đối với Trung Quốc. Bắc Kinh cũng như giới phân tích quốc tế đều biết rõ, bản tuyên bố chung của G7 vì an ninh kinh tế toàn cầu nhắm vào Trung Quốc. Không chừa một aiHơn một chục năm trước, để phản đối Tokyo khẳng định chủ quyền tại quần đảo Senkaku/Điếu Ngư trên biển Hoa Đông, Bắc Kinh đã ngừng xuất khẩu đất hiếm cho Nhật Bản, cột sống của nền công nghiệp tại nền kinh tế thứ ba toàn cầu này. « Bổn cũ soạn lại », tập đoàn Hàn Quốc Lotte bị tẩy chay tại Hoa Lục năm 2017, khi Seoul chuẩn bị kế hoạch thiết lập hệ thống lá chắn chống tên lửa THAAD của Mỹ. Litva trong tầm ngắm của Trung Quốc khi mở văn phòng đại diện tại với Đài Loan, mà Bắc Kinh vẫn xem là một phần lãnh thổ của Hoa Lục. Không chỉ nhắm vào những nước nhỏ, Trung Quốc sẵn sàng « trừng phạt » luôn cả Úc, một trong những đối tác quan trọng nhất của mình, khi Canberra đòi mở điều tra quốc tế về nguồn gốc virus corona gây đại dịch Covid trên toàn cầu năm 2020. Năm 2019, hơn 25% nhập khẩu của Úc tùy thuộc vào Trung Quốc và, trong chiều ngược lại, chỉ một mình ông khổng lồ châu Á này chiếm 38% tổng kim ngạch xuất khẩu của Úc.  Nhật Bản trong cương vị chủ tịch luân phiên G7 lần này đã phải cố gắng tìm ra đồng thuận giữa một bên là Hoa Kỳ vốn có lập trường rất cứng rắn với Bắc Kinh và Mỹ được Anh Quốc, Canada tán đồng,  với bên kia là quan điểm của Pháp, Đức, hai đầu tàu kinh tế trong Liên Hiệp Châu Âu, muốn « hòa hoãn hơn » với Trung Quốc. Thiếu những hành động cụ thể Thủ tướng Anh Rishi Sunak trước khi rời khỏi Hiroshima đã không ngần ngại đánh giá Trung Quốc là một « thách thức » đang đặt ra đối với an ninh toàn cầu: « G7 cần có những biện pháp để tự vệ trước những dự án đầu tư không có mấy dụng ý tốt có thể làm phương hại đến mỗi thành viên trong khối này ». Ông Sunak lấy làm tiếc thượng đỉnh Hiroshima đã không nhất trí về những hành động cụ thể để ngăn chận những quyết định của Trung Quốc, hay bất kỳ một quốc gia nào khác muốn dùng đòn kinh tế uy hiếp những nước khác. Giám đốc Viện Quan Hệ Quốc Tế và Chiến Lược IRIS của Pháp, Pascal Boniface ghi nhận trên đài truyền hình France24 về nỗ lực của thủ tướng Nhật để dung hòa quan điểm của ngay chính các thành viên G7 về vấn đề Trung Quốc: « Mời Ấn Độ và Brazil tham dự thượng đỉnh G7, mà đây là hai thành viên trong khối BRICS đến nay không trừng phạt Nga xâm lược Ukraina, là cách để thuyết phục hai nước này thay đổi quan điểm về nước Nga. Nhưng mục tiêu đó đã không thành. Thế còn về chủ đích thành lập một liên mình để kháng cự với Trung Quốc, ngay trên điểm này đã có bất đồng giữa 7 thành viên trong khối. Pháp và Đức chẳng hạn tránh tỏ thái độ quá quyết liệt bài Trung Quốc ».Pascale Joannin, giám đốc viện nghiên cứu về châu Âu mang tên sáng lập viên Liên Âu Robert Schuman chú ý đến quan điểm chung của 4 trong số các thành viên G7:  « Bớt phụ thuộc vào Trung Quốc là mục tiêu tất cả các bên cùng hướng tới. Ý muốn rút lui khỏi dự án Một Vành Đai Một Con Đường, hay còn được gọi là con đường tơ lụa mới thế kỷ 21 của Trung Quốc. 4 nước châu Âu trong G7 cùng muốn tự chủ hơn đối với Trung Quốc, thí dụ như trong lĩnh vực chip điện tử, song Anh, Pháp, Đức và Ý cũng muốn tránh lao vào một cuộc đối đầu giữa Mỹ và Trung Quốc hiện nay. Về phía Tokyo, do nằm ngay sát cạnh với Trung Quốc, trong cương vị chủ nhà, Nhật Bản bắt buộc phải đề cập đến hồ sơ Trung Quốc ».  Châu Á dửng dưng với đề xuất cô lập Trung QuốcTuy nhiên, theo quan điểm của nhà kinh tế Jean Paul Tchang, mặc dù G7 lần này đã cố gắng thuyết phục một số nước đang trỗi dậy như Brazil hay Ấn Độ và nhất là nhiều khách mời tại châu Á, trong đó có Indonesia hay Việt Nam giữ khoảng cách với Trung Quốc, nhưng không chắc thủ tướng Nhật Bản Fumio Kishida đã thành công:« Không chắc lập trường kềm tỏa kinh tế của Trung Quốc có sức thuyết phục các nước châu Á, ngoại trừ Hàn Quốc, hay Philippines. Đấy là những quốc gia đồng minh thân thiết của Hoa Kỳ , đặc biệt trong bối cảnh Seoul đang cải thiện quan hệ với Tokyo. Trái lại tôi cho rằng G7 sẽ khó thuyết phục Việt Nam chẳng hạn. Việt Nam sẽ không chọn đứng về phe nào. Thế còn Thái Lan thì tất cả đang trong vòng chờ đợi sau cuộc bầu cử vừa qua. Nhưng đúng là các bên đang gây áp lực để kềm tỏa Trung Quốc về nhiều mặt từ địa chiến lược, đến quân sự, kinh tế hay là công nghệ ». Cho dù ngay cả tổng thống Biden đã chấp nhận chỉ nói tới chủ trương « giảm thiểu mức độ rủi ro vì quá lệ thuộc vào Trung Quốc », Bắc Kinh cũng vẫn chưa hài lòng. Phát ngôn viên bộ Ngoại Giao Uông Văn Bân hôm 20/5 phản công qua tuyên bố : « Nếu thực sự G7 chú tâm đến an ninh và ổn định kinh tế của thế giới, khối này cần đòi Mỹ ngừng ngay lập tức các hành vi o ép, kềm tỏa hoạt động của các quốc gia khác, ngừng những hành động đơn phương hù dọa hay lôi kéo các đồng minh về hùa, ngừng gây rối loạn các chuỗi công nghiệp và chuỗi cung ứng trên toàn cầu, ngừng chia rẽ thế giới thành hai khối. Đấy mới chính là những mối đe dọa đối với kinh tế toàn cầu ». Rất nhiều công cụ để gây sức épTrở lại với câu hỏi Trung Quốc uy hiếp các đối tác kinh tế và thương mại bằng cách nào ? Theo viện nghiên cứu của Đức Merics, từ 2018, danh sách hành vi o ép doanh nghiệp nước ngoài hoạt động tại Hoa Lục « càng lúc càng dài » và đó chỉ là « bề nổi của tảng băng chìm». Bắc Kinh có thể viện nhiều lý do để trừng phạt : « Tân Cương, Tây Tạng, Đài Loan, Hồng Kông hay nhân quyền, tranh chấp chủ quyền ở Biển Đông » là những chủ đề « húy kỵ » và là những lý do đủ mạnh để một hãng ngoại quốc bị « áp lực ». Cũng theo báo cáo của viện Merics (công bố giữa tháng 8/2022), Bắc Kinh luôn phản đối và bác bỏ mọi cáo buộc dùng đòn kinh tế và thương mại hù dọa các « mục tiêu » muốn nhắm tới, song, chính quyền có nhiều « công cụ » : gần 50% trường hợp trong tầm ngắm của Trung Quốc bị thiệt hại do khách hàng được lệnh tẩy chay. Hãng quần áo Thụy Điển H&M đã trả giá đắt cho bài học này khi dám chỉ trích Trung Quốc khai thác sức lao động của người Duy Ngô Nhĩ tại Tân Cương ; 20% bị gây phiền toái vì các thủ tục hành chính. Đối với phần còn lại, Trung Quốc thường buông lời đe dọa trước khi ban hành các biện pháp uy hiếp cụ thể, với hy vọng gây tác động tâm lý ở cấp rât cao trong chính quyền quốc gia liên quan.Cũng báo cáo của viện Merics năm ngoái kết luận « vì lý do này, Paris cũng như Berlin còn đang suy nghĩ trước khi cấm hẳn Hoa Vi tham gia vào các dự án trang bị mạng 5G cho  Pháp và Đức ». Các tác giả bài nghiên cứu cho rằng Bắc Kinh luôn chọn rất kỹ các mục tiêu trừng phạt. Những công ty thuộc các lĩnh vực « trọng yếu mà Trung Quốc đang cần không mấy khi bị đe dọa ». Nhưng nếu là các hãng có thể cạnh tranh với các tập đoàn quốc gia, thì các giới chức Trung Quốc không khi nào run tay ký lệnh phạt. Đương nhiên là các đòn hù dọa, uy hiếp đó làm phương hại đến hình ảnh của Trung Quốc, đến « quyền lực mềm » của nước này thế nhưng, như Nicolas Regaud, Viện Nghiên Cứu Chiến Lược, trường Quân Sự Pháp IRSEM, ghi nhận trong một bài tham luận ngày 20/01/2021, đây là một thông điệp kép của giới lãnh đạo Bắc Kinh. Công cụ này vừa phục vụ các lợi ích của Trung Quốc về đối ngoại, vừa nhằm chứng minh với công luận trong nước rằng quốc gia đông dân nhất nhì địa cầu giờ đây đã « đủ mạnh để áp đặt luật chơi với thế giới » và không để bất kỳ một quốc gia nào, dù là Mỹ hay Nhật, lấn át. Vào lúc mà khối G7 gián tiếp « cảnh cáo » về mọi hành vi dùng đòn kinh tế để hà hiếp thế giới, thì Trung Quốc viện lý do an ninh quốc gia để ban hành lệnh cấm dùng chip của hãng Mỹ Micron Technology. Sau cùng, các tuyên bố chung của thượng đỉnh G7 thể hiện quyết tâm của khối này về những mục tiêu chung mà các bên muốn nhắm tới. Tại Hiroshima, lãnh đạo 7 nước công nghiệp phát triển đã không đề xuất bất kỳ một biện pháp cụ thể nào để « ngăn chận » các hành vi « uy hiếp » ấy. Một phần có lẽ chính những thành viên quan trọng nhất của khối đã và vẫn đang khai thác lá bài kinh tế, thương mại và sức mạnh của đồng tiền quốc gia để áp đặt luật chơi với phần còn lại của thế giới.      

The Federal Reserve hiked interest rates by another 25 bps on Wednesday hinting to the end of its tightening cycle.Fitch Ratings has downgraded Egypt's sovereign credit rating for the first time since 2013, cutting it to B from B+ with a negative outlook.Egypt's net foreign reserves inched up to USD 34.55 bn in April from USD 34.45 bn in March.IMF MENA Director: “There is strong collaboration between the Fund's team and Egyptian authorities,” and “Egypt is serious about having a flexible exchange rate.”Egypt generated a current account surplus for the first time since 2014 in 2Q FY22/23 due primarily to falling imports, with the following key developments:Egypt's trade deficit recorded its smallest deficit in 12 years in 2Q FY22/23, narrowing to USD 6.45 bn from USD 10.64 bn a year earlier. This was driven by a 20% decline in imports, which fell to USD 17.99 bn. Exports rose to USD 11.54 bn, down 3% y-o-y. Tourism revenues rose 9% y-o-y to USD 3.25 bn. Suez Canal receipts rose 17% y-o-y to USD 1.97 bn. Foreign direct investment climbed 52% y-o-y to USD 2.43 bn. Net portfolio outflows of USD 855.4 mn during the quarter.  Remittances from Egyptians abroad fell 25% y-o-y to USD 5.56 bn.  The Finance Ministry has penciled in oil prices of USD 90 per barrel for FY23/24 budget.Egypt's PMI rose to 47.3 in April from 46.7 in March, where non-oil private sector contracted at its slowest pace in six months as inflationary pressures normalize.The government has raised the price of diesel by EGP 1.00 to EGP 8.25 per liter, leaving gasoline prices unchanged.The government plans to raise spending on subsidies and social protection programs to offset the impact of inflation. The price of the subsidized bread loaf will remain unchanged and so will its weight.The President on Wednesday inaugurated the opening session of the National Dialogue.The EGX is looking into adding gold and aluminum to the list of commodities trading on the Egyptian Mercantile Exchange (EMX) during 2H23. ORHD AGM approved the sale of three land plots in El Gouna: a 24.6k sqm plot for EGP150.1 million, a 15.8k sqm plot for EGP196.3 million, and a 4.9k sqm plot for EGP43.5 million, rendering a total of EGP390.0 million for 45.3k sqm, implying a price of EGP8,600/sqm. This is equivalent to USD284/sqm which is higher than historical transactions (excluding a historical beachfront transaction) and is higher than the USD23/sqm price (which takes into account an 86.0% discount due to the size of the land plot) we use to value the residual land in El Gouna in our EGP15.32/share FV.Aldar Properties seeks to remain a long-term investor in Egypt and aims to expand OCDI's land bank in West Cairo, East Cairo, and the North Coast.According to local media, real estate developers are considering having upcoming sales contracts linked to input costs.The family office of the head of AIH (JAF Investment) has submitted a binding offer to acquire significant minority stakes in two of AIH's subsidiaries. It has offered to purchase a 30% stake in SME finance firm UE Finance for EGP147 million and a 30% stake in Rawaj Consumer Finance for EGP30 million in two all-cash transactions.AiBank revenues expanded by 61% in 2022, recording EGP1.8 billion. Net profit stood at EGP525.6 million in 2022.EXPA is studying two offers to sell its administrative headquarters located in New Cairo at EGP820 million. Sources stated that if the sale of the building is completed, the buyer will be committed to lease it in favor of the bank.SKPC 1Q23 net profit reached EGP520 million (+107% YoY, +5% QoQ).The Cabinet approved draft bills giving the Oil Ministry the go-ahead to sign four oil exploration contracts in the Gulf of Suez and two oil and gas exploration contracts in the Eastern Mediter

Host: Peter Buch, MD, FACG, AGAF, FACP Guest: Alan Bonder, MD Patients with underlying autoimmune diseases could be at a higher risk of developing autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). So what challenges might occur when diagnosing patients with AIH? Learn more with Dr. Peter Buch as he discusses this with Dr. Alan Bonder, Director of Liver Transplantation at Beth Israel Deaconess Hospital and an Assistant Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School.

Fenne Lily is an English singer, guitarist and songwriter now based here in New York. The songs on her new album, Big Picture, were written as some kind of way to bring order to some of the most vulnerable points of 2020. She explores her ever-changing view of love as a process, brightly framing worry, doubt, closeness, and letting go. Fenne Lily and her band play in-studio. Set list: "Pick", "Lights Light Up", "Dawncolored Horse" Watch "Pick": Watch "Lights Light Up": Watch "Dawncolored Horse":

BRICS might challenge the USD's dominance in global trade. China and Brazil said last week they will carry out bilateral trade in their domestic currencies. Egypt and India, meanwhile, are considering executing their trade in INR, Bloomberg reports. China settled a bill for LNG imports from the UAE in CNY for the first time. The country is also in talks with Saudi Arabia for a similar arrangement.  El Sisi landed in Jeddah this morning to discuss with the Saudi Crown Prince enhancing bilateral relations. Egyptian intelligence chief Abbas Kamel was also in attendance. NBE and BM offered a fixed, three-year CD at a 19% rate and a three-year declining-rate certificate that starts at 22% before falling to 18% in the second year and 16% in the third year. Interest is paid monthly on both. Kuwait is interested in acquiring an additional stake in the Arab African International Bank, where it already owns a 49.5% stake. The British Export Support Agency will provide GBP2 billion to support exporting projects in Egypt, which can be employed in any sector, except for the fossil fuel sector. Aldar Properties is interested in co-developing HELI's (FV: EGP12.44, OW) Heliopark land plot. ESRS reported steady results for 4Q22 with consolidated revenues soaring to EGP23.3 billion (+24% YoY, +5% QoQ), pulling FY22 top-line to EGP84.0 billion up from EGP67.8 billion in FY21 (+24% YoY). Attributable net income stood at EGP570 million. Excluding the one-off forex loss in 4Q22, ESRS would have recorded EGP2.6 billion of earnings, more than double YoY. FY22 earnings came in at EGP4.3 billion, 21% YoY. ORAS announces that the Red Sea Wind Energy Consortium achieved financial close, a significant milestone for the new 500 MW Gulf of Suez Wind Farm near Ras Ghareb, in which ORAS will own a 25% stake and will execute the construction of the civil and electrical works. SWDY (FV: EGP19.97, OW) stated in an EGX release not receiving any official offers from a Gulf sovereign fund or a Chinese company to buy a minority stake in the company. MCQE's general assembly approved a cash dividend distribution of EGP0.75/share instead of the proposed EGP0.50/share for FY22, implying a dividend yield of 3.7%. EKHO's general assembly approved a cash dividend distribution of 11 cents per share, implying a dividend yield of 9%, that will be distributed in USD, even to the holders of the EGP-denominated shares.  AIH released FY22 results, with net attributable income at EGP77.6 mn (-25% y/y). The decline came in despite a growth in the top line of 7% y/y, mainly due to higher expenses, higher FX losses, and lower capital gains. AIH BoD approved distributing cash dividends of EGP20.2 mn, DY of 4.5%, and 0.05 bonus shares/AIH original share.  ATLC is going to distribute cash dividends of EGP0.424/share, DY of 10%. The record date is April 11th and the distribution date is April 18th. CANA's BoD approved increasing the paid-in capital from EGP3.6 bn to EGP4.6 bn, through bonus shares (0.27 bonus shares/CANA share). The Suez Canal Economic Authority is preparing to deliver in May 2023 the Suez Canal Containers Company, at a total investment cost of USD500 million, increasing the capacity to 7 million containers. *Weekly Commodities​* |  Last Price           WoW Change, % Crude Palm Oil, USD/MT             886.0    7.6% Brent, USD/bbl  79.8      6.4% LME Aluminum Cash Price, USD/ton        2,376.8 3.5% Steam Coal FOB Newcastle Australia, USD/ton    177.3              1.1% LME Copper Cash Price, USD/ton             9,003.5 1.0% 

The long-anticipated indictment of Donald Trump is now a history-making reality. Former prosecutor Karen Friedman Agnifilo tells AIH guest host Helen Mann that the Manhattan District Attorney's office wouldn't be bringing the case if they didn't think they could prove it beyond a reasonable doubt.

As an AIH council member, it was my pleasure to be a part of the Student of the Year award ceremony this week, celebrating Nathan Watson's outstanding efforts over the recent years.  He graduated last year, but wasn't able to receive his award in person so the AIH went regional.He works for Tamworth Regional Council, where you might find him working in the Botanic Gardens. In this episode, we learn why he was nominated, and why the AIH chose him as the winner of the award.We also recognised the Urban Street Tree Advisory Group in Tamworth. Listen as I interview 9 people who were there on the day, each bringing their own perspective.EPISODE LINKSBecome a member of the AIH: https://aih.org.au/Tamworth Regional Council: https://www.tamworth.nsw.gov.au/Urban Street Tree Advisory Group: https://haveyoursay.tamworth.nsw.gov.au/urban-street-tree-management-plan-1TAFE NSW: https://www.tafensw.edu.au/Find horticulture industry jobs: HortPeople.comFOLLOW US ON SOCIAL MEDIATwitter: @PlantsGrowHere / Facebook: @PlantsGrowHerePodcast - Join our Facebook group!VISIT OUR WEBSITEwww.PlantsGrowHere.comLET'S WORK TOGETHERAre you in the industry or an enthusiast with something of value to share? We're always on the hunt for interesting people, doing interesting things. If you'd like to work with us send a message via our online form or a direct email to plantsgrowhere@gmail.com.

Sure, we need to plant more trees. But they aren't lasting as long as they should, so what are we getting wrong?In this episode, Jason Summers comes on the show to fill in a few knowledge gaps for us. Whether it's above ground or below, trees have their own needs and quirks, and it's up to us as horticulturists, arborists and foresters to ensure that we're giving our trees the best chance for long, healthy lives.EPISODE LINKSRemarkable Trees website: https://remarkabletrees.com/ Connect with Jason on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jasonsummersBecome a member of the AIH: https://aih.org.au/ Find horticulture industry jobs: HortPeople.comFOLLOW US ON SOCIAL MEDIATwitter: @PlantsGrowHere / Facebook: @PlantsGrowHerePodcast - Join our Facebook group!VISIT OUR WEBSITEwww.PlantsGrowHere.comLET'S WORK TOGETHERAre you in the industry or an enthusiast with something of value to share? We're always on the hunt for interesting people, doing interesting things. If you'd like to work with us send a message via our online form or a direct email to plantsgrowhere@gmail.com.

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.01.06.522840v1?rss=1 Authors: Nair, J., Welch, J. F., Marciante, A. B., Hou, T., Lu, Q., Fox, E. J., Mitchell, G. S. Abstract: Rationale: Acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) is a promising strategy to induce functional motor recovery following chronic spinal cord injuries and neurodegenerative diseases. Although significant results are obtained, human AIH trials report considerable inter-individual response variability. Objectives: Identify individual factors (e.g., genetics, age, and sex) that determine response magnitude of healthy adults to an optimized AIH protocol, acute intermittent hypercapnic-hypoxia (AIHH). Methods: Associations of individual factors with the magnitude of AIHH (15, 1-min O2=9.5%, CO2=5% episodes) induced changes in diaphragm motor-evoked potential amplitude (MEP) and inspiratory mouth occlusion pressures (P0.1) were evaluated in 17 healthy individuals (age=27{+/-}5 years) compared to Sham. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes linked with mechanisms of AIH induced phrenic motor plasticity (BDNF, HTR2A, TPH2, MAOA, NTRK2) and neuronal plasticity (apolipoprotein E, APOE) were tested. Variations in AIHH induced plasticity with age and sex were also analyzed. Additional experiments in humanized (h)ApoE knock-in rats were performed to test causality. Results: AIHH-induced changes in diaphragm MEP amplitudes were lower in individuals heterozygous for APOE4 (i.e., APOE3/4) allele versus other APOE genotypes (p=0.048). No significant differences were observed between any other SNPs investigated, notably BDNFval/met (all p greater than 0.05). Males exhibited a greater diaphragm MEP enhancement versus females, regardless of age (p=0.004). Age was inversely related with change in P0.1 within the limited age range studied (p=0.007). In hApoE4 knock-in rats, AIHH-induced phrenic motor plasticity was significantly lower than hApoE3 controls (p less than 0.05). Conclusions: APOE4 genotype, sex and age are important biological determinants of AIHH-induced respiratory motor plasticity in healthy adults. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.01.06.522840v1?rss=1 Authors: Nair, J., Welch, J. F., Marciante, A. B., Hou, T., Lu, Q., Fox, E. J., Mitchell, G. S. Abstract: RationaleAcute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) is a promising strategy to induce functional motor recovery following chronic spinal cord injuries and neurodegenerative diseases. Although significant results are obtained, human AIH trials report considerable inter-individual response variability. ObjectivesIdentify individual factors (e.g., genetics, age, and sex) that determine response magnitude of healthy adults to an optimized AIH protocol, acute intermittent hypercapnic-hypoxia (AIHH). MethodsAssociations of individual factors with the magnitude of AIHH (15, 1-min O2=9.5%, CO2=5% episodes) induced changes in diaphragm motor-evoked potential amplitude (MEP) and inspiratory mouth occlusion pressures (P0.1) were evaluated in 17 healthy individuals (age=27{+/-}5 years) compared to Sham. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes linked with mechanisms of AIH induced phrenic motor plasticity (BDNF, HTR2A, TPH2, MAOA, NTRK2) and neuronal plasticity (apolipoprotein E, APOE) were tested. Variations in AIHH induced plasticity with age and sex were also analyzed. Additional experiments in humanized (h)ApoE knock-in rats were performed to test causality. ResultsAIHH-induced changes in diaphragm MEP amplitudes were lower in individuals heterozygous for APOE4 (i.e., APOE3/4) allele versus other APOE genotypes (p=0.048). No significant differences were observed between any other SNPs investigated, notably BDNFval/met (all p greater than 0.05). Males exhibited a greater diaphragm MEP enhancement versus females, regardless of age (p=0.004). Age was inversely related with change in P0.1 within the limited age range studied (p=0.007). In hApoE4 knock-in rats, AIHH-induced phrenic motor plasticity was significantly lower than hApoE3 controls (p less than 0.05). ConclusionsAPOE4 genotype, sex and age are important biological determinants of AIHH-induced respiratory motor plasticity in healthy adults. ADDITION TO KNOWLEDGE BASEAcute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) is a novel rehabilitation strategy to induce functional recovery of respiratory and non-respiratory motor systems in people with chronic spinal cord injury and/or neurodegenerative diseases. Since most AIH trials report considerable inter-individual variability in AIH outcomes, we investigated factors that potentially undermine the response to an optimized AIH protocol, acute intermittent hypercapnic-hypoxia (AIHH), in healthy humans. We demonstrate that genetics (particularly the lipid transporter, APOE), age and sex are important biological determinants of AIHH-induced respiratory motor plasticity. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Ukraine's counterattack, Pakistan flooding, Minnesota nurses strike, AIH postcards, Thomas Carney obit, a robotic owl returned...and more.

 Several recent reports have postulated a link between autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) following SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination. This EASL Studio JHEP Live discuss the potential links between COVID-19 and AIH.ℹ️ More information on the topic can be found in these articles:Autoimmune hepatitis and COVID-19: No increased risk for AIH after vaccination but reduced care, Rüther et al., J Hepatol. 2022 Jul; 77(1): 250–251SARS-CoV-2 vaccination can elicit a CD8 T-cell dominant hepatitis, Böttler et al., J Hepatol. 2022 Apr 21All EASL Studio Podcasts are available on EASL Campus.

CBE Acting Governor Hassan Abdalla has appointed Hisham Ezz Al Arab and Mohamed Naguib as his advisors. The meetings held yesterday by the CBE and key cabinet members have stoked expectations that they may be looking for ways to ease import restrictions. According to local press, the process of opening letters of credit necessary to import some commodities and production components witnessed relative facilitation, and banks began to procure foreign currency for some importers. However, a banking official explained that the system of priorities in opening letters of credit is still in place, but it takes into account the seasonal demand for some commodities that do not have local alternatives.Sovereign Fund of Egypt has attracted investments worth USD3.3 billion during the current year from Arab sovereign funds.SWDY's subsidiary, Elsewedy Transport & Distribution, has started operating electric bus charging facilities at Adly Mansour Central Interchange Station. Elsewedy T&D is also working on the electric bus charging station in Sharm El Sheikh as part of preparations for the COP 27 summit in November. On a different note, SWDY's extraordinary general meeting approved decreasing the company's issued and paid-up capital to EGP2.17 billion through cancelling 13.4 million treasury shares.Seven local entities won two major tenders for the supply of cables and electrical supplies to South Cairo Distribution Company with a total value of EGP1.5 billion. The companies include Egytec, a subsidiary of SWDY. SVCE announced its 2Q22 financial results with losses deepening to EGP85.9 million from EGP40.1 million in 2Q21.Ministry of Electricity is to issue a tender to foreign and local companies to launch seven major transformers stations with medium voltage of 220 kV to serve the New Delta project.Some 250-300 companies have taken out conditions booklets for a tender for three industrial complexes comprising 1k units in Upper Egypt for micro, small, and medium enterprises.ALCN net profit increased 67.6% YoY and 21.6% QoQ to record EGP667 million in 4Q21/22, bringing FY21/22 net profit to EGP1.9 billion in, up 37% YoY.According to local media, Qatar's Sovereign Wealth Fund is interested in investing in ALCN; however, the company has not received an offer yet.PACH's BoD appointed Al Ahly Pharos to advise on choosing between the multiple acquisition offers. On a related note, a new company intends to compete with Sipes and Saybad with an acquisition offer.Oil prices rose again over the USD100/bbl mark. Brent crude is now trading at USD101.97/bbl.Industry experts are declaring that cars' spare parts have been witnessing a sharp increase in prices.CIRA is in negotiations with NBE to borrow EGP800 million to finance the construction of the new technological university in partnership with Al Ahly Capital with a total investment cost of EGP2.1 billion.Savola plans to invest over EGP1 billion in the Egyptian Belgian Company to increase production. The company also recently acquired another snack food factory in Egypt, which will come online next year.BINV received a letter from Total Energies Marketing Afrique (TEMA), entailing that TEMA has extended the deadline for BINV until 15 September 2022 to exercise the right to purchase 34.62% of TEMA's shares in Total Energies Marketing Egypt on the same conditions as the offer received from ADNOC. Prime Holding denied receiving any acquisition offer in reference to rumors published yesterday concerning an acquisition offer by Arqaam.AIH released 1H22 results where consolidated net attributable income stood at EGP36 million, implying a 14% y/y decline.

Sorry! I uploaded the wrong audio yesterday. Green infrastructure are living, ecological systems that provide urban infrastructure benefits, such as rainwater mitigation and filtration and health benefits.This episode is sponsored by the Australian Institute of Horticulture, and features the AIH president Michael Casey, who also runs a couple of businesses including EverGreen Infrastructure.EPISODE LINKSVisit the Australian Institute of Horticulture: https://aih.org.au/Evergreen Infrastructure: https://evergreeninfrastructure.com.au/Growing Green Guide: https://www.melbourne.vic.gov.au/community/greening-the-city/green-infrastructure/Pages/growing-green-guide.aspxGreen Infrastructure Research Group: https://girg.science.unimelb.edu.au/Search for horticulture jobs: HortPeople.comFOLLOW US ON SOCIAL MEDIATwitter: @PlantsGrowHere / Facebook: @PlantsGrowHerePodcast - Join our Facebook group!VISIT OUR WEBSITEwww.PlantsGrowHere.comLET'S WORK TOGETHERAre you in the industry or an enthusiast with something of value to share? We're always on the hunt for interesting people, doing interesting things. If you'd like to work with us send a message via our online form or a direct email to plantsgrowhere@gmail.com.

Minister of Finance revealed that the size of the loan requested by the government from the International Monetary Fund is less than USD15 billion.Ministry of Finance has not yet determined the final size of the international bond to be offered in 2022-2023.Free Zone Companies are looking into securing their raw material needs from the local market, to alleviate some of the pressure on foreign currency demand.Egyptian Competition Authority (ECA) has approved a request by 23 cement producers to extend cement production cuts for one additional year until July 31, 2023. ORAS announced that the estimated consolidated backlog stood at USD6.4 billion as of June 30, 2022. The company added USD1.8 billion of new awards to its backlog in 2Q2022. Alpha Sustainable Capital in Africa Fund raised its ownership in the capital of Orascom Construction to 14.27%.Oil prices plunged by 1.7% WoW by the beginning of August as the market digested weak economic figures from China.El-Sisi issued instructions to build the Middle East's largest polyethylene industrial complex to fulfill the local market demand. The Ministry of Petroleum and the Ministry of Electricity agreed to increase mazut supply for electricity production stations this month. (AMOC)MICH 21/22 net profit amounted to EGP211 million (+59% YoY). MICH is trading at FY21/22 P/E of 3.62x.Medvert Egypt Investment Company acquired a 10% stake in EFIC, raising its stake in the company from 11.95% to 21.95%. MCRO reported 1H22 net profit of EGP71.4 million in 1H22, a surge of 75.1% YoY, driven by a significant drop in IPO costs and lack of provisions like last year. During 2Q22, net profit recorded EGP40.7 million (+36.2% YoY, +32.7% QoQ). MCRO is currently trading at an annualized 2022f P/E of 12.9x and EV/EBITDA of 9.0x. Aldar Properties wants to expand its land bank on the North Coast, in West Cairo and East Cairo, and eventually on the Red Sea Coast.MNHD launched a new Taj City-based project, 50.0% of which was sold within two days, generating EGP400.0 million in sales.EMFD's Soul project, its North Coast partnership project in which it has a 25.0% stake, require an investment cost of EGP53.0 billion.MHOT reported a 734.1% y/y increase in FY21/22 revenue to EGP525.8 million and FY21/22 net profit of EGP350.6 million, compared to FY20/21 net loss of EGP183.3 million.Five car agents, including AUTO, have notified their authorized distributors that they will stop delivering the quotas of cars due to unavailability. Taaleem for Management Services has signed a memorandum of understanding with Maastricht University, for academic partnership.Arabia Investments Holding disclosed that a court ruling has been issued rejecting the lawsuit against Peugeot. AIH intends to appeal against the ruling.

A round table episode with two of the best- AIH and LAFC Gooner. We talk hobby, markets and more. These two hobbyists have a unique perspective on the state of industry and where we are headed. Enjoy and thanks for listening

PHDC achieved strong 1Q22 sales of EGP5.5 billion, up 62.4% y/y. Net profit in 1Q22 grew 44.1% y/y to EGP295.0 million.  We remind you that PHDC is targeting FY22 sales of over EGP20.0 billion. PHDC is also planning a EGP1.5-2.0 billion securitization in 4Q22.EFIC released positive 1Q22 consolidated bottom line at EGP236 million (+495% YoY). Higher margins was the reason. EFIC is currently trading at a 2022 P/E of 2.8x and EV/EBITDA of 2.5x.ECAP released solid 1Q22 net profit of EGP47 million in 1Q22 (+19.6% YoY). Revenues recorded EGP454 million in 1Q22 (40.1% YoY, +16.5% QoQ), driven by local sales. Margin pressure was due to cost rise. ECAP is currently trading at 2O22f P/E of 3.3x and EV/EBITDA of 2.7x.CICH 1Q22 net attributable profit recorded EGP 154 million, 15 % higher than the adjusted net profit of 1Q21 of EGP 133 million (excluding non-recurring expenses).  CICH is currently trading at P/B22 of 0.9x, P/E22 of 4.8x.CANA 1Q22 net profit pre-appropriations recorded EGP96 million (-17% y/y, -58% q/q). CANA is currently trading at P/B22 of 0.4x and P/E22 of 4.4x.FAIT 1Q22 net attributable profit recorded EGP1,290 million (+123% y/y, +8% q/q). FAIT is currently trading at P/B22 of 0.4x and P/E22 of 2.4x, with ROAE of 18%CNFN aims to bring its investment portfolio to more than EGP15 billion, compared to EGP11 billion currently, and finalized the launch of its subsidiary Contact E-Payments.AIH released 1Q22 financial results where consolidated net attributable income stood at EGP36 million implying a 142% q/q growth. AIH is currently trading at P/E22 of 4.1x and P/B22 of 0.6x.OFH's net profit increased in 1Q22 to EGP27.43 million (+41.5% since inception), mainly supported by the growth in revenues from EGP76.26 million to EGP104.92 million (+45.2%).RAYA is close to offloading its 62.3% stake in freight subsidiary Ostool to Paradigm Logistics for EGP 266.6 mn (EGP0.124 per RAYA share). UNIT reported a 11.0% y/y decrease in 1Q22 net profit to EGP26.5 million.RTVC reported 1Q22 net loss of EGP60.4 million, compared to 1Q21 net loss of EGP463.3 million.Nasser Social Bank is now offering a new three-year certificate of deposit at 15% rate.A shipment of Ukrainian wheat will soon make its way to Egypt from Romania.The Cabinet declared a ban on third-party wheat trading until the end of August.The Manpower Ministry is still sorting out the details of how to enforce a 1% tax on corporates with more than 10 employees.  The Egypt-Greece electricity connection project is getting a renewed push as Europe seeks to slash reliance on Russian energy. Natural gas and liquefied natural gas (LNG) export revenues rose by 98% YoY to USD3.892 billion from January-April 2022.The Industrial Development Authority is working on drafting unified legislation for the industrial sector within two months. The French Development Agency intends to lend the National Bank of Egypt, Banque Misr, and Banque du Caire, a total value of EUR140 million, to finance projects in support of sustainable development.The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) plans to support the implementation of the universal health insurance project, with a total of USD400 million, during the next year.Domestic liquidity M2 increased by EGP135.7 billion at the end of April, to record about EGP6.416 trillion. 

AIH does not stand for “Andrew Is Handsome”- it is all about sports with Rahul from AIH sports! We talk about Hobby Hanky Panky and the overall market. Lots of great insight here and a different way of looking at the market. Enjoy and thanks for listening

1Q2022 Results Expectations| Aaggregated profits will surge 30% YoY, and remain stable QoQ; For FY2022, aggregated profits will rise 26% YoY; Stocks that will witness a shift in performance: EGCH, EGAL, ABUK, AMOC, ARCC, DOMT, DSCW, AMER, MNHD, EFIHFinance Ministry could set oil prices at USD 80-85 a barrel in the FY 2022-2023 budgetMinister of Finance noted that Egypt is preparing to issue the first sovereign Sukuk offering before the end of the current fiscal yearEBRD has downgraded Egypt's 2022 growth outlook due to rising food and energy price inflation caused by the conflict in Ukraine to 3.1%, down from the 5.0%Foreign Minister called on the EU for support, asking France to back Egypt in talks with both EU and international financial institutionsSuez Canal revenues rose 20% y-o-y in 1Q 2022 to USD 1.69 bn and is targeting revenues of USD 7 bn from the canal in 2022, after hitting a record USD 6.3 bn in 2021The potential gas pipeline between Turkey and Israel is not happening anytime soon; Israel is relying on Egypt and its LNG facilities for nowEgypt has widened the number of people eligible to obtain a visa on arrival as it looks to support the tourism sectorBy June 15, the Tax Authority will start implementing the seventh phase of the electronic invoice system for companies registered in Cairo, Giza, and QalyubiaOPEC+ to increase oil production mildly in May by 432,000 barrels per day; US ordering an unprecedented release of its strategic reserves to temper prices; Brent futures trading at USD104.35/bblMinistry of Petroleum is looking into new measures to increase the natural gas feedstock cost for the industrial and petrochemicals sectors; The new natural gas pricing strategy will be determined through a formula that is linked to global commodity pricesESRS raised the price of rebars, again, by EGP 3,000/ton (+18% MoM) to EGP 20,000/ton (including VAT) as of April 2, 2022Cabinet is looking into the final decisions for the bid for new steel licensesSovereign Fund of Egypt (SFE), Norway's Scatec, Fertiglobe, and Orascom Construction signed an agreement to establish and operate their planned 100 MW green hydrogen plant in Ain Sokhna FAB is considering submitting a new tender offer to acquire a stake in HRHO, with a value exceeding EGP20 per shareAMIC: Passenger car sales rose more than 20% YoY in February 2022, recording 19.7 thousand passenger cars, up from 16.3k in February 2021DOMT released positive net profit for 4Q21 came in at EGP55 mn (+5.2% QoQ, +3.9% YoY) backed by trickling down of healthy top-line; Net profit for FY21 reached EGP72 mn (-54.2% YoY); DOMT is currently trading at FY22 P/E of 6.0x and EV/EBITDA of 6.0OIH released 2021 loss from continued operations of EGP86.4 million in 2021(-45% y/y). The significant decline in losses compared to last year was mainly supported by the settlement agreement between OIH and Victore Investment worth EGP200.1 million and the positive FX differences; BoD announced focusing on Africa-based Investments in the renewable energy and real estate touristic development industries over 2022BINV released 2021 financial results, with a consolidated attributable net income of EGP123.4 million, compared to EGP222.7 million in 2020 (-44.6% y/y); BINV BOD has proposed distributing DPS of EGP0.50, DY of 7%; BINV is currently trading at P/E22 of 10.6x and P/B22 of 0.9xAIH released 2021 financial results, where consolidated net income stood at EGP103 million (+7.7% y/y); AIH is currently trading at P/E22 of 4.4x and P/B22 of 0.6xEgyptAir has signed a partnership agreement with Valu and PayTabs Egypt, to finance airline ticket purchasesIFC and its IFC MENA Fund have together raised their stake in IDHC to 5%Egyptian Drug Authority has received accreditation from World Health Organization for its locally produced covid vaccine, whi

Qatar plans to invest some USD 5 bn in Egypt, in addition to the USD 2 bn that Abu Dhabi's ADQ has pledged; Egypt might get USD 3 bn from the Saudi Public Investment Fund and USD 2 bn from KuwaitHouse of Representatives approved two financing agreements with the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank worth USD720 millionSuez Canal Authority recorded revenues of USD1.6 billion during January-March 2022, +18.5% YoYTurkey and Israel are in discussions to build a gas pipeline running between their two countries, which would pose competition to Egypt Gas Hub. This is why Egypt and Greece are considering establishing a new subsea pipeline that would allow Egypt to export gas directly to Europe.The usage of Mazut in electricity generation stations has gone up from 3% of the energy mix to about 12%; Volume of natural gas consumption reached 47 million tons in FY20/21, of which the electricity sector accounted for 60%, the industrial sector 12%, and the household sector 6%The House of Representatives has approved a law that expedites public sector wage hikes and pension increases, who will receive an 8% raise on their gross monthly salaries at the beginning of April MTIE reported weak but expected net attributable profit came in at EGP40 million in 4Q21 (-42.9% YoY, -54.0% QoQ), and EGP368 million in 2021 (+0.5% YoY); Muted revenue growth (+3.7% YoY),  Flat GPM (+0.2pps YoY), and booked provisions were the reasons; MTIE is currently trading at 2022 P/E of 9.6x and EV/EBITDA of 6.2x Finance Ministry will launch its e-receipt system for B2C transactions this Friday, 1 April (EFIH)IDHC opens a new Al Borg Scan branch in Sheikh Zayed, to reach a total of three new branches in the past six monthsCar brands' agents (importers and assemblers) will be the ones to determine the consumer selling prices for passenger cars (thus fixing the distributor margins) and car dealerships are not allowed to change these prices. The decision is effective today. The "Go Green" initiative to replace old cars with new dual-fuel ones is still offering cars at the old prices declared in 2021, but producers have the right to request a rise in those prices. This came as many producers placed a halt on the booking with the initiative until a new fair price has been decided. DOMT hiked its selling prices by 10-20% due to the rise in raw materials costs and EGP depreciationPRDC reported a net profit of EGP359.0 million in 4M2021 GDWA recorded earnings attributable to shareholders of EGP104.5 million in 4M2021Arab Moltaqa for Investments has signed a syndicated loan with ATLC that is worth EGP60 mn aiming to support the company's capital baseA Cairo court has upheld AIH's appeal in its years-long EUR150 mn lawsuit against Peugeot

The Cabinet has discussed the legislative amendments proposed on the capital gains tax with some government and industry stakeholders including FRA and ECMA heads.The Solar Energy Development Association (SEDA) are lobbying to scrap a newly-imposed 5% import tariff on solar panels, requesting that the Ministry of Electricity cancel the duty which was introduced in November.The exports of the chemical and fertilizer industries sector jumped by 43% during 2021, recording USD6.6 billion, compared to USD4.1 billion in 2020.The parliament provisionally approved a new "General Unified Planning" Law that aims to streamline the process of preparing the country's economic policies and engage the private sector in economic development projects.The Minister of Finance announced the payment of EGP420.5 billion to the National Authority for Social Insurance during 30 months.PHAR (FV: EGP70.00, OW) announced obtaining the approval of the Egyptian Drug Authority to start the production of the “Covapravir” drug used to treat Covid, after obtaining an emergency license to manufacture it in Egypt. EGCH “Kima” will sign on January 11, a gas supply agreement with Air Supply Group for the purchase, construction, management and operation of factories for the production of industrial and medical gases for Kima in Aswan. GB Lease, the leasing arm of GB Auto, has completed the sale of EGP4.3 bn securitized bonds to investors. It is worth mentioning that, this is the company's first issuance in a year. The government is in talks with two Chinese companies to partner with El Nasr Automotive to produce electric cars in Egypt. The government hopes to finalize terms later this month and sign final contracts by March. The talks come after negotiations with Chinese auto firm Dongfeng collapsed in November.AIH's consumer finance subsidiary “Rawaj” issued securitization bonds in cooperation with Misr Capital. The value of the offering amounted to EGP305 million, with a nominal value of EGP100 per bond.The volume of the Islamic banking sector in Egypt amounted to EGP347 billion as of June 2020, and it's expected to exceed EGP500 billion as of June 2022 (an increase of 44%). Deposits under increased by 10% y/y as of June 2021 to settle at EGP321.7 billion which represents 7% of the total deposits of the Egyptian banking sector. While financing increased by 9% as of June 2021 to reach EGP296 billion which represents 5.4% of the Egyptian banking sector.

The Industrial Development Authority intends to complete the procedures for licensing new cigarettes producers, despite the withdrawal of 3 companies in protest of the conditions. IDA is to complete bidding procedures and hold a technical clearance session on Sunday, January 23, and conclude the bid on April 3, 2022.EGAL has signed with a German contractor an agreement to provide consultancy services for the company's car rim production project in Nagaa Hammadi. The project aims to produce one million aluminum rims annually of various types and sizes, subject to increase to two million rims as phase II of the project.A court ruling against EGTS was issued, obligating it to pay USD5.7 million (EGP0.085/share), in favor of Trans Mediterranean for Tourism Investments, which was a down-payment for a land plot sale dating back to 2007. EGTS had previously obtained a final ruling in this dispute to terminate this contract and withdraw the land plot.AIH disclosed that the appeal lawsuit filed by its subsidiary Cairo Automotive Industry against Peugeot, has been postponed for a ruling on February 28.The Ministry of Petroleum signed a USD3.5 billion 20-year production sharing agreement with  Apache-Sinopec JV.Supply Ministry is considering partnering up with the private sector to establish four new industrial complexes for food production with investments of EGP6 bn over the next three to five years.Weekly Commodity UpdateBrent futures are trading at USD76.08/bblThe Egypt urea index was unchanged WoW at USD945/tonPolyethylene (HDPE) prices were down 2% WoW to USD1,250/tonDiesel-HSFO spreads were up 1% WoW and are at USD254/tonCaustic soda prices cooling down continues as it dropped by 7% WoW so reach USD590/tonPolypropylene prices were down 3% WoW and stood at USD1,200/MT Steel/Iron Ore spreads are at the USD387 mark, declining by 4% WoWAluminum prices were stable WoW to record USD2,837/tonneThermal coal prices increased by 12% WoW recording USD186/tonne,  

Hoy hablamos de las elecciones chilenas que ayer dieron por ganador a Gabriel Boric, también de lo que pasará con las facultades tributarias no aprobadas por el Congreso, y noticias sobre Las Bambas, el Oleoducto Nor Peruano, Innova Schools, y logística y aeropuertos. 

e-finance  3Q21 net profit came in at EGP99 million in 3Q21 (-20.5% YoY, -25.1% QoQ), 9M21 net profit at EGP375 million in 9M21 (+35.2% YoY)e-finance Management 3Q21 webinar key highlights: 1) net profit after tax of around EGP525-540 million, this brings 4Q21e net profit to EGP150-165 million; Revenues of around EGP2.0 billion, this brings 4Q21e revenues to EGP700 million; 2) Management guided for a GPM of 45-47% in 2022; 3) No IPO expenses will be booked on the income statement during 4Q21, this is going to be a balance sheet treatment.Vodafone Egypt expects to receive the CBE's approval on acquisition of a stake of 20% in each of Bee and Masary during 4Q21Vodafone submitted ownership restructuring documents to NTRA to transfer it 55% stake in VFE to  VodacomEKHO reported positive 3Q21 bottom-line stood at USD63.8 million (+13%QoQ, +68%YoY), 9M21 bottom line reached USD173.0 (+46%YoY); EKHO is trading at 2021e P/E of 8.5x 2022f P/E of 7.4xEFIC 3Q21 net profit reached EGP93 million for the quarter (+127% YoY); EFIC is currently trading at 2022f P/E of 7.2x and an EV/EBITDA of 4.5xImport tariffs on rebar steel, billets, and Aluminum products will be removed; Steel prices might go down by 10%; ESRS FV should now hover around EGP13.40 from the EGP14.85 post the hike in gas prices; Aluminum prices might go down by 10-15%; EGAL FV now goes down to EGP20.00 from EGP23.85MCQE reported strong 3Q21 attributable net profit at EGP46 million (+32% YoY, +42% QoQ); MCQE is currently trading at an Annualized FY21 P/E of  6.8x and FY22 P/E of 4.5xARCC released neutral 3Q21 bottom line at the breakeven point recording EGP0.1 million; ARCC is currently trading at FY22 P/E of 9.7xLCSW released neutral 3Q2021 net losses at EGP9 million; LCSW is currently trading at a 2022 P/E of 22.6x and an EV/EBITDA of 5.2xTMGH reported 3Q21 sales of EGP6.5 billion; 9M21 sales to EGP27.5 billion, up 127.2% y/y, Net profit in 3Q21 reached EGP829.4 million, down 3.9% y/y ORHD 3Q21 sales up 50.3% y/y to EGP2.2 billion, bringing 9M21 sales to EGP6.2 billion, up 43.4% y/y; Net profit in 3Q21 rose 167.0% y/y to EGP434.7 millionPORT reported solid 3Q21 sales of EGP521.0 million, up 20.3% y/y; 9M21 sales to EGP1.2 billion, up 19.1% y/y; 9M21 net profit before minority of EGP91.0 million, compared to losses previouslyAMER reported solid 3Q21 net profit of EGP11.1 million, compared to losses previouslyISPH reported 3Q21 net profit at EGP137 million in 3Q21 (+22.9% YoY, +152.3% QoQ); Net profit came in at EGP242 million in 9M21 (+20.6% YoY); net profit of EGP330-340 million is targeted in 2021; ISPH is trading at 2022f P/E of 7.3x and EV/EBITDA of 3.9xORWE reported 3Q21 net profit at EGP260 million (-13.2% QoQ and -14.0% YoY); Bottom-line for 9M21 amounted to EGP859 million, up 62% YoY; ORWE is currently trading at 2022e P/E multiple of 4.8x and EV/EBITDA multiple of 4.5xAUTO reported 3Q21 attributable net profit at EGP332 million (down 11.2% QoQ and 11.4% YoY); Financing business bottom-line amounted to EGP146 million, up 1.9% QoQ and 4.4% YoY; AUTO is trading at a 2022e P/E 0f 2.9x and EV/EBITDA of 5.0xEFID plans to expand to two new markets in the next five years, with one expansion slated for next yearThe CBE has issued new amendments to the regulation of Egyptian banks' BoD formationEXPA consolidated 3Q21 bottom line recorded EGP155 million (-3% q/q, -17% y/y), bringing 9M21 bottom line to EGP441 million (-36% y/y); Stock trades at 5.1x P/E22 and 0.4x P/B22CANA 3Q21 net profit recorded EGP136 million (+9% q/q, +4% y/y); 9M21 net profit is at EGP377 mn (+6% y/y); Stock is trading at P/B22 of 0.49x and P/E22 of 4.51xAIH released weak 3Q21 financial results, with consolidated net income at EGP14 million (-46% q/q,-33% y/y); AIH is currently trading at annualized P/E21 of 6.5x

Don Arthur Webster, known as Jerry Starr or Daddy was given the opportunity to run escort services. They didn't plan on the crack addiction or the violence that Jerry would bring or the underage girls he would "help". He would become one of the largest sex traffickers in Alaska and tied to missing and murdered girls of Anchorage. Visit our Website https://truecrime49.libsyn.com/ Listen to our Patreon only Podcasts, Inches in Mercury; an Alaskan Aviation podcast and AIH Calendar Girls, a podcast about the women in Joe Boehm's Alaska Industrial Hardware calendars.  R E S O U R C E S Anchorage Daily News (AK) LISA DEMER Department of Justice Court Documents http://sextraffickingalaska.com/blog/ M U S I C "Rainfall in Monochrome Moonlight" by Pianogeist https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oi81LrCaUh8 CUSP - Alaskan sex worker serial murders - Tara Burns Interviews https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M1zxus68Up0&list=PLyH6ZS6jZz6Pl5jYd_gYhooLrxutGNKpa&index=23 JOEY BADASS X MOBB DEEP TYPE BEAT - SILENT By Kanabo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y0c0_h05X-c&list=PLHf3pVzKUC6Boq6y9t9h6H-PdVB_Ky71S&index=3 lo-fi phonk trap hip-hop type beat [prod. problem] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rtRx7ssUoxo Xteage "autumn depression" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lw_1DrpGBeE Copyright Disclaimer under section 107 of the Copyright Act of 1976, allowance is made for “fair use” for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, education, and research. PLEASE NOTE: ALL NAMES, TRADEMARKS, AND IMAGES ARE COPYRIGHT THEIR RESPECTIVE OWNERS. AFFILIATE LINKS USED WHENEVER AVAILABLE The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of True Crime 49.

On this episode of AIH, Mac & Alana discuss Thomas Jefferson naughtiness, the history of Sears, Russ Warr & the founding of Talking Tombstones, and the riveting tale of Mac’s fridge.  All this, plus a musical refrain.

American Indian Health & Services, Inc. (AIH&S) is one of 41 non-profit Urban Indian Health Organizations nationwide which seek to provide culturally competent care to meet the needs of the Urban Indian communities they serve. For over 20 years, AIH&S has been committed to promoting and providing quality services to improve the health and well-being of American Indians and Alaska Natives and all other community members of Santa Barbara. They envision a vibrant community where American Indians, Alaska Natives, and the community are nurtured and values include a balance of care for the mind, body, and spirit. Join host Kris Kington-Barker as she speaks with guests from American Indian Health & Services, Inc., Scott Black, Chief Executive Officer, Jessica Foster, Community Wellness Manager, and Dr. Jonnie Williams, Licensed Clinical Psychologist with AIH&S Behavioral Health Department as they discuss how the community health care center provides culturally-grounded and

Alaska's senators, state officials, and Anchorage Police Department appealed to the Department of Justice to prosecute, repeatedly denied. It was Bill's worst fear that the world would know what a perverted man he is. Thank you for listening.   Subscribe to hear the latest episodes. True Crime 49 Website https://truecrime49.libsyn.com/ Visit Patreon https://www.patreon.com/tc49 for Bonus material and digital downloads. New Exclusive Series "Inches in Mercury" with Robert Hansen's Plane. Find us on Instagram R E S O U R C E S Anchorage Daily News Anchorage Press Schafferforstatehouse Crude Awakenings Tony Hopfinger M U S I C Ethereal Punch Deck - Live like a tree https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i_mq9oAAUTo Drifting Away-RFCM Library https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SUlg9h51zEc Despire-Semion Krivenko-Adamov https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x7-jnV1brHE Yuzzy - Hostile Stage https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vUTmUw_7TWE "HEAD STRONG" (Prod Ezmade x Falcon) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFhEE-An1W4 "Wronged" (prod. by icestorm rb) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AcGAfLq3cxg Copyright Disclaimer under section 107 of the Copyright Act of 1976, allowance is made for “fair use” for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, education, and research. PLEASE NOTE: ALL NAMES, TRADEMARKS, AND IMAGES ARE COPYRIGHT THEIR RESPECTIVE OWNERS. AFFILIATE LINKS USED WHENEVER AVAILABLE The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of True Crime 49.

Runaways found shelter and drugs on Oceanview Drive with Bambi. Thank you for listening. Subscribe to hear the latest episodes. True Crime 49 Website https://truecrime49.libsyn.com/ Visit Patreon https://www.patreon.com/tc49 for Bonus material and digital downloads. New Exclusive Series "Inches in Mercury" with Robert Hansen's Plane. Find us on Instagram R E S O U R C E S Anchorage Daily News Anchorage Press Schafferforstatehouse Crude Awakenings Tony Hopfinger M U S I C TeknoAXE's Royalty Free Music Ethereal Sunday https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4MGoiVJHTXs Decade of Epicness http://teknoaxe.com/Link_Code_3.php?q=1650 Artist: Alexander Blu Song: Tense Cinematic Piano Music License: The song is permitted for non-commercial use under license ìAttribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0 Title: St. Francis Type of music: Ambient Guitar Mood: Sadness https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zOQBOVto4sE Copyright Disclaimer under section 107 of the Copyright Act of 1976, allowance is made for “fair use” for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, education, and research. PLEASE NOTE: ALL NAMES, TRADEMARKS, AND IMAGES ARE COPYRIGHT THEIR RESPECTIVE OWNERS. AFFILIATE LINKS USED WHENEVER AVAILABLE The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of True Crime 49.

From Nazi Runes to Trump telling people to take vaccines CPAC had all sorts of craziness and the AiH crew is here to talk about that and other current events.

In 2003, two bodies washed up in Anchorage with similar dismemberment, similar lifestyles tied to crack. Who were these women? How did they end up in the marsh? How does Josef Boehm fit in?  Visit our webpage at True Crime 49 or find us online @tc49podcast Our latest Patreon episode will be on Robert Hansen's plane experience. Our first TC49 book will be out this spring.  R E S O U R C E S  Anchorage Press Anchorage Daily News Personal Interviews Deconstructing Bambi ♫ M U S I C ♫ "Into The Ocean" SOMINIUM  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1OA03pilpWI Algonquin Water Song: Women, Water Carriers & Protectors https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dDGWuPUH5_ OCEAN WAVE AND WIND SOUND  itsme NEL https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u0q0NiLWG64 ELECTRONIC FIREFLY | Dark Nurse https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6VIji4G_C6c Xteage "autumn depression"   Copyright Disclaimer under section 107 of the Copyright Act of 1976, allowance is made for “fair use” for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, education, and research. PLEASE NOTE: ALL NAMES, TRADEMARKS, AND IMAGES ARE COPYRIGHT THEIR RESPECTIVE OWNERS. AFFILIATE LINKS USED WHENEVER AVAILABLE  The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of True Crime 49.  

In 2005, a call was made that uncovered years of sex trafficking, drugs and power from the humble beginnings of a German man and his tool shop.  Thank you for listening. Subscribe to hear the latest episodes.  True Crime 49 Website https://truecrime49.libsyn.com/ Visit Patreon https://www.patreon.com/tc49 for Bonus material and digital downloads. New Exclusive Series "Inches in Mercury" with Robert Hansen's Plane. Find us on Instagram @tc49podcast R E S O U R C E S  Anchorage Daily News Personal Interviews Deconstructing Bambi ♫ M U S I C ♫   Bring Me Your Sorrows by Dan Lebowitz https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PMI6o9ftOnA Osseus Novis - RUN  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NSoFYVkNPBE Cryosyncopy - Nightmares at Dusk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6s5BiZIw8cM Tax-5 - Wintersonnenwende https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s7RCPsonm_k     Copyright Disclaimer under section 107 of the Copyright Act of 1976, allowance is made for “fair use” for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, education, and research. PLEASE NOTE: ALL NAMES, TRADEMARKS, AND IMAGES ARE COPYRIGHT THEIR RESPECTIVE OWNERS. AFFILIATE LINKS USED WHENEVER AVAILABLE  Opinions expressed may not be TRUE CRIME 49's.

Whether you are a beginner or experienced ultramarathon runner, you need to be well-prepared for every run you do. Ultra running has its bright side — the uplifting community, the sense of accomplishment, and the goals of becoming stronger. However, there are certain risks involved in the sport, and as an athlete, you need to keep yourself informed. In this episode, Eugene Bingham joins me to explain the dangers of extreme sports and marathons. We share personal stories about the damage it could do to the body — experiences that should serve as a warning to runners. Eugene also discusses things to be aware of before and during races that can endanger us, giving us five specific tips for preparation and self-management. Don’t miss this episode and learn more about the risks of and preparations for ultra running and other extreme sports!   Get Customised Guidance for Your Genetic Make-Up For our epigenetics health program all about optimising your fitness, lifestyle, nutrition, and mental performance to your particular genes, go to  https://www.lisatamati.com/page/epigenetics-and-health-coaching/. You can also join our free live webinar on epigenetics.   Online Coaching for Runners Go to www.runninghotcoaching.com for our online run training coaching.   One-on-One Health Optimization Coaching  If you would like to work with me one to one on anything from your mindset, to head injuries,  to biohacking your health, to optimal performance or executive coaching, please book a consultation here.    Order My Books My latest book Relentless chronicles the inspiring journey about how my mother and I defied the odds after an aneurysm left my mum Isobel with massive brain damage at age 74. The medical professionals told me there was absolutely no hope of any quality of life again, but I used every mindset tool, years of research, and incredible tenacity to prove them wrong and bring my mother back to full health within 3 years. Get your copy here: http://relentlessbook.lisatamati.com/ For my other two best-selling books Running Hot and Running to Extremes chronicling my ultrarunning adventures and expeditions all around the world, go to https://shop.lisatamati.com/collections/books.   My Jewellery Collection For my gorgeous and inspiring sports jewellery collection ‘Fierce’, go to https://shop.lisatamati.com/collections/lisa-tamati-bespoke-jewellery-collection.   Here are three reasons why you should listen to the full episode: Learn about the risks and dangers of extreme sports and ultra running. Gain valuable insight into the things you need to be aware of before and during marathons. Understand the importance of listening to your body.   Resources Death of a runner: The rare condition that tragically claimed a life by Eugene Bingham Desert Runners on TVNZ   Episode Highlights [04:01] The Dangers of Extreme Sports and Ultramarathons Eugene participated in the 2020 Tarawera 100-mile race where an experienced runner died. The runner’s death certificate showed that he had a multi-organ failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and rhabdomyolysis. However, it was difficult to pinpoint the true cause of death since it can be a result of accumulated health conditions. [09:50] What Is Rhabdomyolysis? Rhabdomyolysis, or muscle breakdown, is quite common for runners. As the muscle breaks down, myoglobin from the muscle is released into the bloodstream, clogging the kidneys. It can be difficult to tell when this happens since symptoms can be easily mistaken for simple muscle soreness. This can happen to everyone, not just those who do extreme sports and ultra running. [16:27] Importance of Self-Management At some point, we have to ask ourselves if the damage we’re doing to our body is worth it. There are risks, and you have to be prepared for them.  There is a culture of not quitting unless you’re taken by the ambulance. However, we have to listen to our body before it gets to that point. [20:19] Mental Toughness and Listening to Your Body As we grow, our physical abilities and mental maturity changes. Accept that the body may not be able to take what it could years ago. The goal of pushing your limits is good but keep in mind that you also need to train and prepare yourself. Being mentally tough also means knowing when to stop and rest. [22:53] Ultra Running: 5 Tips to Remember Do not take drugs like ibuprofen and Voltaire.  Drink when you’re thirsty and do not over drink.  Be prepared for a range of weather conditions. The race does not end at the finish line. Replenish yourself after every race. Look out for each other. [28:08] Always Have Support Eugene shares his experience of having hallucinations but was kept safe by his companions. Form connections and friendships with the people you meet in races. They are bonds that last forever. Listen to the full episode to hear Eugene and Lisa share more stories about how people have helped them during races! [38:33] Conditions to Be Aware of We need to be careful about dehydration. Symptoms of hyponatremia (having low sodium levels in your blood) are swelling, nausea, and lightheadedness. Low levels of potassium and electrolyte imbalance can result in tetany seizures. Electrolyte tablets are beneficial — make sure they have all the nutrients you need. Having no appetite after a race is dangerous. We need to replenish our bodies straight away.  [47:10] Risks Are Exponential When you exponentially increase the distance you run, you exponentially increase our risks as well. All races are relative to pace. Never underestimate a race by distance. Take every race like a big deal and don’t become complacent. Recovery after a race is also crucial. Don’t succumb to peer pressure and sign up for a race immediately after. [51:53] Quick Checklist Do not expect that you can do it just because you’ve done it once before. Be aware of conditions such as rhabdomyolysis, heat stroke, hyponatremia, dehydration, seizures, electrolyte imbalances, and breaking ankles. Plan well — note altitudes and paths. Running is just like driving. Driving is considered dangerous but we don’t avoid it; we just take extra measures and precautions to make sure that we are safe.   7 Powerful Quotes from This Episode ‘People need to be really conscious of the risks — they need to be prepared to put the time in. You've got to prepare your body and you've got to know your body’. ‘Having lined up at the start line with someone who didn't make it home — that really reinforces that these are real risks and you have to be prepared for them’. ‘The race doesn't end at the finish. Some of the most dangerous time is after that: when people get to the finish line and drive home, they're tired — you can crash easily’. ‘Sometimes there's a bit of competition, isn't there. But, number one, you've got to look out for each other. You are comrades — you've got to have each other's backs’. ‘It is incredible, those connections you make. Even if you don't see each other again, but yes, you've got that bond. That's forever’. ‘Take those precautions. Just be a bit careful. We want to push ourselves. Yes, we want to be out there. Yes, we want to find new limits, but we also want to get back home’. ‘Respect the distance. You cannot run something like this without respecting it’.   About Eugene Bingham Eugene Bingham is a senior journalist at Stuff, co-host of the Dirt Church Radio trail running podcast with his mate Matt Rayment and an ultramarathon runner. In a career of almost 30 years, he’s reported and produced news and current affairs, winning multiple awards as an investigative journalist. His work has taken him to three Olympic Games, and a number of countries including Afghanistan, the Philippines and the Pacific. No matter where he goes, he always packs his running shoes. He has a marathon PB of 2h 43m and his longest event is the Tarawera Ultra 100-mile race which he ran in February 2020. Eugene is married to journalist Suzanne McFadden and they have two grown-up boys. You can listen to their podcast on Dirt Church Radio. You can also follow and support them on Patreon, Instagram, and Twitter.  Have questions you’d like to ask? You can reach Eugene at his email.   Enjoyed This Podcast? If you did, be sure to subscribe and share it with your friends! Post a review and share it! If you enjoyed tuning in, then leave us a review. You can also share this with your family and friends so they can be aware of the dangers of extreme sports and ultra running. Have any questions? You can contact me through email (support@lisatamati.com) or find me on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and YouTube. For more episode updates, visit my website. You may also tune in on Apple Podcasts. To pushing the limits, Lisa   Full Transcript For The Podcast! Welcome to Pushing the Limits, the show that helps you reach your full potential, with your host, Lisa Tamati. Brought to you by lisatamati.com.  Lisa Tamati: Well, hi, everyone, and welcome back to this week's episode of Pushing the Limits. Today, I have journalist and ultramarathon running legend, Eugene Bingham, to guest. And Eugene is the host of the podcast, Dirt Church Radio, which I hope you guys are listening to. It's a really fascinating insight into the world of running and trail running. And he has a really unique style, him and his friend, Matt Raymond, run their podcast. So I hope you enjoy this interview.  Today we're talking about the dangers of extreme sports, not just ultramarathon running, but doing—pushing your body to the limits. While, you know I'm definitely a proponent of going hard and mental toughness and pushing the body and all that sort of good stuff. We also need to know about the downside. We also need to know about the risks. And recently there was a death, unfortunately, at the Tarawera Ultramarathon of a very experienced ultramarathon runner. And so we're going to dive into some of the dangers and some of the things that need to be aware of when it comes to pushing the body to the limits. And so you have an informed consent and an understanding of what you're getting into when you're doing these sorts of things.  Before we head over to the show, though, please give them a rating, review to the show if you enjoy the content. Really, really appreciate the comments and the reviews and if you can do that on iTunes, or wherever you're listening, that would be really, really appreciated. And if you haven't sold your Christmas stocking yet, please head over to my shop and check out my books, Running Hot, which is chronicling all my running adventures in my early days, Running to Extremes. Both of those books bestsellers, and my new book, Relentless - How A Mother And Daughter Defied The Odds, which is really a book about overcoming incredible obstacles, the mindset that's required, the stuff that I learned while I was running and how it helped in this very real world situation, facing a very dire situation within the family. I hope you enjoy those books and if you have read them, please reach out to me, give me a review. Again, if you can, I'd really appreciate that you can reach me at lisa@lisatamati.com.  And just a reminder too, we are still taking on a few people, on one on one health optimization coaching, if you're wanting to optimise your health, whether it be with a difficult health challenge, that you're not getting answers to mainstream health and you're wanting some help navigating the difficult waters that can sometimes be, please reach out to us. And we deal with some very intricate cases. And I have a huge network of people that I work with that we can also refer you out to. I am not a doctor, but I am a health optimisation coach and an epigenetics coach. And we use all of the things that we've spent years studying to help people navigate and advocate for them, and connect them to the right places. And this is a very different type of health service if you like and it's quite high touch and it's quite getting into the nitty gritty and being a detective basically. And I'm really enjoying this type of work and helping people whether it be with head injuries, with strokes, with cancer journeys, thyroid problems, or all these types of issues. Not that we have it or every answer there is under the sun. But we're very good at being detectives working out what's going on and referring you to the right places where required. So if you're interested in that, please reach out to us lisa@lisatamati.com. Right, now over to the show with Eugene Bingham.  Well, hi, everyone, and welcome back to the show. I have Eugene Bingham. I know he's so famous, he actually sit down with me to record this session. So fantastic to have you here. Right? How are you doing?  Eugene Bingham: I'm very well, thank you. And thank you for having me on. Such an honour.  Lisa: Fantastic. Yes. Well, I was lucky to be on your show. And you've been on mine, and we just really connected. So I wanted to get you back on because you've just written an article, which was very, I thought was an important one to discuss. And it was about the tragic death of an ultrarunner last year or this year in the Tarawera Ultramarathon. And while we don't want to go too deep into the specifics of that particular case or we'd like to know what you know about it... Eugene: Sure.  Lisa: ...but wanted to have a discussion around the dangers of extreme sport or ultramarathon running and some of the things we just need to be aware of. So, obviously Eugene and I—neither of us are doctors or any of this should be construed as medical advice, but just as—have to give them out there...  Eugene: Absolutely.  Lisa: But as runners and people who have experienced quite a lot in the running scene, and I've certainly experienced enough drama, that it is something that we need to talk about. So Eugene, tell us a little bit about what happened? And what are you happy to share  Eugene: Sure.  Lisa: ...and what you wrote about in your article, which we will link to in the show notes, by the way. Eugene: Yes. Thank you. Sure. Yes, so I was a competitor in the Tarawera hundred mile race in February, which as you said—when you said last year, it does feel like last year, doesn't it? Oh gosh, it feels like it was five years ago. But it was February 2020, all those years ago. And in that race was sort of about 260 of us lined up. And then that race was a runner an older—oh, he’s 52. So from Japan, a very experienced runner, had run Tarawera previously, had run lots of other miles, and ultraraces. And unfortunately, about a kilometre or so from the finish, he collapsed, and about 34 hours into the race. And although people rushed to help them, and he was taken to retro hospital, and eventually to Auckland City Hospital, he died. And I remember, I remember the afternoon we heard about it, and Tarawera put it up on its Facebook page to let us all know that one of our fellow runners had died and I stopped. It was a shock.  Lisa: Yes. Eugene: You know we do this thing, because we love it.  Lisa: Yes. Eugene: And because we get enjoyment from it. And he was someone who paid the ultimate price.  Lisa: Yes.  Eugene: So I—we're a couple of hats, and one of them is a journalist, and so I—but really, what first kicked in was, I really want to know what happened. I really wanted to know what happened. I've had health issues myself, had a few scares and so on. A few wobbles and races, and I thought—just from my point of view, I was really curious to find out. But I also thought it was important to find out for other runners... Lisa: Yes, absolutely. Eugene: ...or say, I listen for others. And so I started to see if I could find out. COVID got the way a little bit and distracted me. But eventually I did manage to track down what happened there. Yes. Lisa: And what was the result of the findings in this particular case? I mean, we're gonna want to discuss a few.  Eugene: Sure. Lisa: I think, in this case, it was a couple of things, wasn't it? But this is without picking—and we're certainly not picking on anybody or any, not race, or anything or saying this is bad or anything. But what was it that you discovered in it?  Eugene: Yes. Lisa: So with that, research.  Eugene: Sure. So initially, I remember the talk was that he might have had a stroke, or there might have been some sort of underlying condition.  Lisa: Yes.  Eugene: But I got a hold of his death certificate and it shows that he had multiorgan failure, and acute respiratory distress syndrome, which are both conditions that they can be in multiple causes of those sorts of things. But the one that jumped out to me was Rhabdo. You're gonna make me say that? The proper name for it. Lisa: Rhabdomyolysis Eugene: Thank you. Lisa: I'm an expert in rhabdo. Eugene: So yes, that was the third one on the list. And that was the one that really jumped out at me.  Lisa: Yes.  Eugene: Months earlier, I'd spoken to Dr Marty Hoffman, who's in a University of California Davis in the States, and he's sort of recognised around the world. Basically, if there's an ultra—there's a paper about medicine involving ultrarunning, you'll find Marty Hoffman's name on it, he knows this stuff.  So I'd run to him months ago, at the suggestion of a friend, Dr John Onate, and I had a good chat with him. And he sort of ran through the list of what we could be looking at here, but he was really—it was a stab in the dark at that point. But he told me then that they’re hipping no deaths from rhabdo, knowing deaths from rhabdo from ultrarunners.  Lisa: Yes. Eugene: Yes. And no knowing deaths from ultrarunners of the AH, exhausted and just talking it, ‘How can I train you’?  Lisa: Yes.  Eugene: So we were kind of that, like, ‘What could it be’? Yes. So when rhabdo appeared on the desk fit, I rang him back and said—I actually emailed him and said, ‘Hey, this is what it says’. And he was very surprised because he keeps track of deaths of ultrarunners around the world. And as he said, there hadn't been one recorded before, doesn't mean there hasn't been one, of course.  Lisa: Yes, it doesn't mean. Eugene: It's just no one, yes, no one knows what causes.  Lisa: And I think a lot of these things will have contributing factors in—completely unrelated but going through the journey with my dad recently it was at the end, he had multiple organ failure.  Eugene: Yes.  Lisa: He had sepsis however, and before that he had an abdominal aneurysm.  Eugene: Yes. Lisa: So it shows the progression like it. What did he actually die off?  Eugene: Yes. Yes.  Lisa: He was born with the failure probably, or zips as chicken or eek scenario. Eugene: Yes. Lisa: So these things, one leads to an acute respiratory syndrome  Eugene: Yes. Lisa: And they all lead on from one to the other when the body starts to shut down, basically.  Eugene: It's a cascade isn’t it?  Lisa: It’s a cascade. That is a very good way of putting it. So rhabdo—and while there is perhaps no documented case of a death from rhabdomyolysis, I don't know if they—I know in my life, I've had rhabdo. I can't even remember the number of times I've had rhabdo.  Eugene: Yes. Lisa: I took away kidney damage from it and the last few years, I've been trying to unravel that damage and undo that.  Eugene: Yes.  Lisa: I'm getting there slowly.  Eugene: Yes, yes.  Lisa: So it is a very as if quite a common thing. Eugene: Yes. Lisa: So we don't know whether in this case that was actual final, what actually did it? It certainly would have been a major contributing factor.  Eugene: Yes.  Lisa: Well, what is rhabdo? I suppose we better explain what rhabdos are. Eugene: Yes. So I mean, well, from your experience, you will know better than me. But I spoke to Dr Hoffman and to Dr Tom Reynolds, who's the race doctor for—one of the race doctors for Tarawera.  Lisa: Yes. Eugene: And they explained it as the muscle started to break down and the myoglobin from the muscle being released into the bloodstream. And then it basically just starts clogging up the kidneys and just causing real damage in your kidneys. The problem with it is the symptoms for sort of sound like a lot of other things and also can just sound like what you might expect running an ultramarathon. Lisa: Yes, the kind of that also. Eugene: Yes, tenderness of muscles, a bit of confusion, and so on. And then even some of the blood tests that you can do to pick it up. So they look for CK—you're much more proficient in the medical world than me. Lisa: Not more. Eugene: But the thing that they test for—it basically there was an experiment at Western States a number of years ago, where they tested bloods of people in Western states and they tested something like 160 runners, all of them had elevated CK levels.  Lisa: Yes.  Eugene: So in part, it's just a function of ultrarunning, your muscles are gonna break down to some extent. So that makes it very, very tricky to find out, to discover it. And Dr Hoffman said, ‘Sometimes the first sign that you get that someone's got rhabdo, is they have a seizure’.  Lisa: Yes.  Eugene: So it can be a tricky, tricky condition to pick up. Yes, that's really—it's hard, isn't it? It's really hard. Lisa: It is hard and—but when you are going for—and some of these races are 24, 36, 50 something hours, you're going to have some breakdown of muscle and you… Eugene: You are. Lisa: I mean, keeping an eye on the colour of your urine or if you are not producing… Eugene: Yes, that’s an important one. Yes. Lisa: It is probably the easiest thing to think about. Because like you say, the nausea and headaches and confusion and fatigue are all very general parts about running anyway. So keeping an eye on it, like getting a pouch of fluid. What I would find is that in the lower abdomen, and I don't know if whether this is an actual medical symptom or not. But in the lower abdomen, I've developed this pot gap running and, it wasn't fat, obviously.  Eugene: Yes.  Lisa: ...within a couple of hours. It was fluid, and would usually coincide with my kidneys—they’re not producing or producing very little output. So I think there might be a sign that something's going on there.  Eugene: Right.  Lisa: In rhabdo, like, we're talking ultramarathons, but I have seen a case of rhabdo in a half marathon in summer.  Eugene: Yes.  Lisa: Yes. So a mild case, but enough to be taken to hospital. So it's not even just people doing the extreme extreme stuff.  Eugene: Yes.  Lisa: But it is a very—and you have to ask yourself, how much damage are we doing every time we do and I often asked, ‘Why are you not running anymore’? ‘Why are you not doing it anymore’? And apart from life's gotten a bit crazy. Am I? Indeed yes.  Eugene: Yes, yes.  Lisa: Should I have not got the time to be doing offers? I want longevity and while I love ultras, and I love the culture. And I love what I got to do. And I'm certainly not, I mean, I train lots of ultrarunners. I for myself, don't want to put myself at that risk anymore. Now that I'm also 50 and I want longevity. And therefore my health comes before my sporting ambitions now. It didn't when I was younger, but now with—unfortunately, one of the side effects of studying medical stuff for the last five years, is that I'm now a little bit more cautious.  Eugene: Yes.  Lisa: Because ignorance is bliss.  Eugene: Yes.  Lisa: What you don't know, you just go and do.  Eugene: Yes.  Lisa: You don’t actually know the implications and sometimes, you don't actually know the implications until well down the track, like, you use to check. Eugene: Yes. yes, sure. Lisa: That's where I'm sitting at the moment, as far as the sort of the dangers and the risks. I mean, how did you feel as a runner, who—you were in the same race doing the same distance? You're a little bit north of 25 now. Eugene: Jump 47. Lisa: You're 47?  Eugene: Yes. 47, yes.  Lisa: And did this make you stop and think about, ‘Do I want to keep doing this stuff? How do I feel about it’? Eugene: Yes, it sure does. It sure does make your family think of that, doesn't that? I think it reinforces that you need to have really good self management. You need to be well prepared. I spoke to—when I spoke to Dr Reynolds, and I said to him, ‘We had this big conversation about all the cold coloured urine and all that sort of stuff’. That sounds a bit odd, and a little different other conditions that can come about. Yes, and so on. And I said to him, ‘Boy listen to all of that. Do you recommend people run ultramarathons’? And he said, ‘Look. At three o'clock when the medical team is full. And I've got my hands full, I look around, and I go, What the hell have we been doing this for’? But he says, ‘But it's a small proportion that gets badly affected. And as long as you manage your risks, and you're aware of it’, he said one of the things that he's really concerned about is people jumping up the distance too quickly. Lisa: Yes.  Eugene: Or the runner suddenly, ‘Wow, I'm gonna run 100 miler’, because it has become, I think it's… Lisa: The new marathon.  Eugene: I told him, I spent more time trying to talk people out of doing milers than I do in trying to talk them into doing milers. I don't think I talk to any other or talked anyone into doing a miler. It's a very personal choice. I spend a lot of time talking to people out of it, makes me so again. But again, I don't know if that's a good idea, mate.  Lisa: Me too.  Eugene: Yes. And it sounds bad.  Lisa: Yes.  Eugene: Try running podcasts. Lisa: I know. You know, my buddy out running. Eugene: Yes. But I just think people need to be really conscious of the risks.  Lisa: Yes.  Eugene: And they need to be prepared to put the time in. And that's one of the things that you've identified. You've got to prepare your body. And you've got to know your body. I mean, I took—I've been running my whole life. And I didn't take the decision to enter the miler, lightly, certainly would now knowing what I do know now. And when I say no, I mean, I'd always heard of rhabdo. I'd heard of AIH, I'd heard of dehydrational systems.    And you sort of think about you sort of like, ‘Yes, yes, yes’. But having lined up at the start line with someone who didn't make it home that really reinforces that these are real risks, and you have to be prepared for them. You have to be ready for them. So, I'm not gonna stop ultrarunning, I don't think. But I'm certainly going to be a hell of a lot more careful. And listen to my body.  Lisa: Exactly.  Eugene: Sometimes you can get that. I find one side of ultra running that I struggle with a little bit is the whole kind of ‘You're not going to quit unless the ambulance takes you off the course’ kind of thing. I don't like that. I don’t really like that. Lisa: I totally agree. Eugene: You know, I agree. I love the whole mental toughness thing out of it. Don't get me wrong. That's one of the things that I enjoy about it. But you have to listen to your body. You have to listen to your body. I've pulled out of a 100k race, where I could have pushed on. You know. Looking back, it's like, ‘Yes, I could have pushed on, at what cost’? You know?  Lisa: Yes.  Eugene: Yes, it just wasn't worth it. Could I push through and be out there for another hours and hours and hours and hours? Putting myself...  Lisa: Yes.  Eugene: Yes, sure. I could have but what was the risk? What could have happened? And what do I get out of it? Instead I actually came away from that race having learned a hell of a lot of lessons. And they prepared me for the miler, actually. Lisa: Yes. And I think that’s some beautiful attitude and in a very wise mind. Some of the things that I did in my younger years or even—I’m talking 40s. Eugene: Yes, yes. Lisa: We're stupid. There is no other word for it. And especially in the 30s, my 30s, I thought I was bulletproof and I could push and I had that mentality, you're going to have to drag me away, framing and I have seen lots of others. And I have nearly pushed my body on a number of occasions to the point of death and I've been very, very lucky not to have died.  I've had tetany seizures, which is where your potassium level and your electrolytes are so out of whack that the whole body cramps and so I'm having a heart attack. I was luckily at that at the point that I head out, I was in Alaska, and I'd been for six weeks out in Yukon with poor nutrition and so on and pushing the body every day. I just come off a mountain when this tetany seizure hit. Luckily, I was two minutes from a hospital, and they saved my life.  Eugene: Wow. Lisa: But that would have been deadly very quickly. I've experienced extreme levels of dehydration in the Libyan desert where we only had like one and a half to two litres of water a day in 40 plus temperatures. And gone to the point where I no longer was in control of my body, and my—not only just hallucinations but the central nervous system starting to shut down. Massive kidney damage, and taking nearly two years to recover from that.  I’ve had food poisoning while running across Niger, and again bleeding at both ends pushing it to the absolute limit I did pull out of that race at 64 hours after 222Ks but that was way too late. I've gotten away by the skin of my teeth. Not to mention going through war zones or military body areas Eugene: Yes. Lisa: Or being in really dangerous situations and that's a whole podcast in itself. But it wasn't worth it. Now I think I was just so afraid of failure I was so afraid of not achieving that, which I'd set out to do that. And I have to think about it now and go I wasn't in—people who are in war scenarios or some survival situation where you have to freakin go to the limit alive. Eugene: Yes. Lisa: But I wasn't in there. This is a—well, Libyan desert ended up like that, but you know what I mean? Eugene: Midnight summer bitches.  Lisa: Oh yes, it’s some stupid shit. It really was. But at what costs? Now, I've had a lot of health issues in the last five to six years and a lot of that comes from—I haven't been able to have children you know and so on and so forth. And these are the contributing factors  Eugene: Sure enough. Lisa: That's the only reason for certain things, but now as a coach and as an older wiser woman, I don't want to see people pushing their bodies to that point where they actually close to dying or causing major damage to the body.  Eugene: Yes, yes.  Lisa: It really is not worth it. Eugene: I mean this pushing the limits isn't there. And mentally, I think there's a lot to be said for having a goal that's going to stretch you when you are going to go for it. But the key is to be prepared, isn’t it? To actually have done the training...  Lisa: The training  Eugene: ...to prepare your body. To test—so that you know when your body's screaming at you, you know it’s saying, ‘Okay, you know what, you know to pull the pen or you know to stop and rest or whatever’. I think there was some good—Tom Reynolds had some five tips which are really good.  Lisa: Yes. Let’s hear them  Eugene: To prepare yourself for an ultra especially ultras but even marathons I suppose  Lisa: Absolutely. Eugene: Number one on his list, and I think he would make this number 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 is don't take drugs like Ibuprofen and Voltaren and those sorts of things.  Lisa: Super important. Eugene: Do not take them. Yes, super important. The second one is drink to thirst. You know that you can have problems—your own problems if you have too much liquid.  Lisa: Yes, which we’re talking about in a sec. Eugene: Yes. Be prepared for the conditions. Have a plan for a range of conditions. So make sure you've got thermals. Make sure you've got your jackets and sawn and layers that you can take on and take off especially if you're going to some of these remote areas that we go to as ultrarunners.  Number four, the race doesn't end at the finish. Pack warm clothes, get some food ready that you can eat, some liquids. And another thing that he pointed out to me is actually some of the most dangerous times is after that finish line. When people get to the finish line, and drive hard, and they're tired. Lisa: It's so true. Eugene: You can crash easily for a second crash.  Lisa: Yes.  Eugene: And number five is look out for each other. and I think that's so important. Sometimes there's a bit of competition isn't there? But number one, you've got to look out for each other Lisa: Yes.  Eugene: You are comrades in this together and you've got to have each other's backs. And there's little relationships that you build up with someone you've never met before. I still remember having a good chat to a farmer from Jordan. I spent a lot of hours with him at Tarawera. Haven't spoken up since, never met him before in my life, but there we were together at Bizmates on the trail. Lisa: Awesome. Eugene: Keeping an eye on each other. Looking out for each other. You make sure they've got their bottles filled at the aid station. You make sure that they're not getting confused or anything like that—just looking out for each other. Simple isn’t it? Lisa: That’s gold. Eugene: And that was the five tips that he gave. Actually, they're pretty good tips. Lisa: They are very good tips, and a couple other ones to pick out like the training. In my early days as a coach, I remember taking an athlete who went from half marathon to running the Big Red Run 250Ks. Eugene: Wow. Lisa: Inside a month.  Eugene: Oh. Lisa: Now on a red mat, that was stupid.  Eugene: YeS.  Lisa: He came over to do 100k to be fair, and he was doing so well. He just decided to carry on and to do the whole thing. And it was an incredible achievement.  Eugene: Oh, yes.  Lisa: However, broken my butt. Like, it never was quite the same afterwards. And he wasn't ready. He wasn't, like, his body wasn't ready. So when you prepare your body, when you're training, you doing these long runs, and you're doing back to back running, and you're doing strength training, you're doing mobility work, all these things are preparing the muscles so that they don't break down so quickly and they don't need—you don't need about rhabdo.  And another big piece of the puzzle is the experience side of things. Because then you can actually start to feel when your body's doing a chick or not. As I run, I used to do like little chickens every half hour or an hour I'd go right I'm doing a control like a pilot would before he flies the airplane. ‘How is everything? How am I feeling? Have I ever drunk in the last 10 minutes? Have I eaten anything? When was the last time I weighed? When was the last time’... Just doing a mental checklist as often as you can.  Now one of the hard things with ultra though is that you start to lose your brain function, so all the blood flow is going away from your executive function up here and you become like a bit of a moron. You’re like, ‘Oh, oh’. Eugene: Absolutely. Solving maths? Impossible. Lisa: Impossible. Or maybe doing a 24 hour race, the one at the Millennium Stadium, and there was some guys they’re testing us just for a laugh, doing Noughts and Crosses as we run around the track and our brain function is a day and night wore on just we weren't even able to add up one plus one anymore. We just completely like, ‘Eh’? He’s got low blood and my brain is not functioning. So what that does mean is that your ability to make good decisions is also impaired. I remember saying to one of my friends who was a paramedic and she was with me in Death Valley, in the second time I did Death Valley. And she says, I said to her, ‘You are responsible for my health’. I was lucky I had a crew in that situation. If you pull me out, you pull me out. I know that you won't pull me prematurely because you know what, it's taken me to get here. But my life is in your hands and I respect that. I respect you. I respect your knowledge as paramedic. If you tell me it's over, it's over. And she will be able to make that decision because I knew from my personality and from my matter that cost me to get there wasn't going to be pulling out anytime soon. So sometimes if you can have in the case where you have a crew have somebody say, ‘This is now getting dangerous’. And it's a fine line. Like I pulled my husband out of a race once, Northburn, a race that I co-founded a few years ago in the South Island. And he was doing the 100k and he actually rang me on the cellphone, and it seem the case, we had a massive storm up in the mountains. It was wild. It was his first 100k, he was in the mountains. He was scared shirtless. He was hypothermic. And I was like, ‘Oh my god, darling, just come home’. You know? So that was—and he could have pushed on.  Eugene: Yes. Lisa: And mentally that cost him a lot because he pulled out, and he didn't push over that hub. So there's this fine line between it should’ve been ours... Eugene: But he lives to tell the story.  Lisa: Exactly, and he's done that, so it wasn’t... Eugene: Exactly, that doesn't matter, you know? We love those stories. I love reading your books. I love reading the things that you've been through. But, my gosh, when you think about the risks as you say and the cost, and that's a common story. You're not alone in there, That's the sport we’re in.  Lisa: Yes. Eugene: It's ridiculous to me. But you know, it's a tough one. And it's, I think that's a really good idea. Having someone who's who's got your back. Someone who you can trust, like you say, they're not going to pull you out you know just because you stub your toe. Oh gosh... Lisa: Just because you’re... Eugene: Exactly. Exactly. Who hasn't? But you can trust them so that when you've gone to that thin line, bang!  Lisa: Yes.  Eugene: Come on my area.  Lisa: Yes.  Eugene: And I was lucky to have a really good mate who phased me. I went through some hallucinations. Nothing major. But he thought it was—I had my mate. And he was looking out for me. In fact, he laughed at me. Lisa: What did you see in your hallucination? Eugene: Oh, I hit home. So we were running around on an unfamiliar course. We were coming around the back of Blue Lake. Up towards the Blue Lake aid station. So about 120km. And it was just before sunrise. So, you get that funny light.  Lisa: Yes.  Eugene: It's still dark, but the light is changing. And I swore coming up to the aid station, I swore I saw a robot sitting off to the side of the trail. And in my photo frame mind, I justified it as ‘Oh, it must be like reading, it must be scanning us telling the aid section that we're coming’. And so I saw it. And said to my mate, ‘James, there’s a robot. It's pretty cool’. And he's like, ‘The what’? ‘The robot there’. And he's like, ‘There’s nothing, man’. And I think it was a tree or something. I don't know what it was. But it's funny how I justified it to myself. So it was fine. And then after the light changed, I got a couple of situations where it's quite unlikely to cause hallucination or is vision going. But I—the ground was just like liquid glass. Lisa: Wow, that’s cool. Eugene: I was like, ‘Oh, should I put my foot down or not’? And James said, ‘What are you doing? Come on’! It was like, ‘What's going on with the ground’?  Lisa: [32:58] inaudible the glass. Well. Eugene: So that was but—people have some great hallucinations, don't know. But the point of that was, I had my mate there. It was never unsafe. And I'm grateful for that. So I think that's a really good tip, Lisa, to have a crew with you. Lisa: I think hooking up. Or if you're in a race where you don't have crew—which most of them are. And that you do hook up with somebody. If you can try and not too many people because then your pacing will be all out. But if you can just hook up with one person or maybe two at the max. I remember running the Gobi Desert in the Sahara with same gash who was in the desert runners movie together and this is great footage and desert runners is playing at the moment on TVNZ if anyone wants to check it out, it’s a cool movie. And yes we're running along holding each other's hands, bawling our eyes out, and but we got each other through both of those messiest days, both in the Sahara, and in the Gobi. And we ran together in India as well but with crews in that case. But that comradeship that we have there was just gold. It just helped.  When you [34:17] escaped shirtless you hit someone the and we did get lost and we did fold our paces and we did have all sorts of dramas and we kept each other going through all those hard times and I think that's one of the beautiful memories for me that I take away from that. And there were other people I've done the things with... And the depth of connection that you have with a human being when you've gone through something like that it's just next level. And that's one of the beautiful things because we’re talking about all our negatives here but it is just like—she’s a very amazing woman that one. She’s done incredible things. Eugene: It is incredible, isn’t it. Those connections you make.  Lisa: Yes.  Eugene: The friendships you forge. Even if you don't see each other again, but you've got that bond. That's forever.  Lisa: Yes.  Eugene: Those moments that you shared when you're vulnerable. Lisa: When you're up [35:11] Creek and literally. Guys who didn't even speak the same language or a woman I remember running in the Sahara at one point with a—I was crying, she was crying. She was from South America somewhere, didn't speak a word of English, or another French guy picked me up in Jordan when I was running across there and I'd passed out and he came along, picked me up, got me into the next checkpoint. The French guy and Niger, it's just like, ‘Wow’. The stuff that you help each other through. It's gold, but does this do happen, you know?  Eugene: They do. They do. Yes. Lisa: We have one in the Gobi Desert. We had a young man, Nicholas Kruse was only like 30 or 31, I think. And he was first time doing it. And he wasn't trained enough, I don't think. And he—I think he underestimated the thing. And he unfortunately probably paid the ultimate price. And then you've got also the dangers. I mean, you got cases like with Turia Pitt, the forest fires in Australia, or there are things that could go wrong. Eugene: Yes, absolutely. Lisa: Even in these organisers' races. You have falls where you've hit your head and concussions and... Just because you're in an organised event, do not think that there isn't an element of danger, or that you're going to have to be self-reliant, you cannot. And inside these countries is beyond the abilities of the organisers actually to cover every base. Eugene: Absolutely. Well, even in races in New Zealand, we go to some remote places, and races route is difficult to get. You're not just going to be able to ring up 111 and get an ambulance there.  Lisa: No. Eugene: It's not like that. I've been in a 100k race where—because there have been lots of runners going through this. It was a narrow bit of the trail. And it was really dry there. And runners have been going over this bit of land. And basically, as the day wore on, it sort of started to break down a little bit. And I was just the unlucky one stick on the trail in a way. And I slid down this bank...  Lisa: Oh my god. Eugene: ...and down, down, down, down down, thinking, ‘Uh-oh, when's this going to stop’? Luckily, I hit, I came to a stop on a tree, not badly. And then basically had to scrape my way back up. Now, I was fine. But you know, those sorts of things can happen if I stumbled in a wrong way as I came off the trail and hit my head, whatever. So you are—yes, you will, I mean, it’s not... Well, I mean, when we've been out on a run in a cotton wool, so [37:57] do we. But we don't want to go everybody. But you don't need to be conscious. Lisa: I'll be conscious of it. I think... Eugene: And even when you're training too, when you're training, when you are going out in remote areas. Make sure you tell someone where you're going. Preferably run with some other mates. Maybe think about taking a locator beacon with you if you're going somewhere really remote.  Lisa: Absolutely. Eugene: Have a phone with you, do those sorts of things. Take those precautions. Just be a bit careful. Yes, we want to push ourselves. Yes, we want to be out there. Yes, we want to find new limits. But we also want to get back home.  Lisa: Yes, we want to come home to our families and not die on the way.  Eugene: Yes. Lisa: If we can. I mean, people can take it to the level that they want to go to, but just don't want people going and thinking that everything's safe because it's an organised event or because hundreds of other people have done it, means absolutely nothing. Eugene: Absolutely.  Lisa: I’ll tell you, like how many thousands of people have climbed Mount Everest, but it's still a frickin dangerous thing to do. Eugene: Absolutely.  Lisa: Doesn't mean it's safe just because lots of people have done it. I think like—if we just went through a bit of a list now of some of your things that you'd like from a medical perspective, that you should gone this research on and find out about.  One of them, so we've talked about rhabdomyolysis. Dehydration is the opposite, is well known, dehydration is what we think about more, and that's certainly something that can then can lead to troubles. And you've got hyponatraemia or EAH, so hyponatraemia let's just talk about that one briefly because it's a biggie. Hyponatraemia is a low sodium level in the body. I've had it. Lots of people give this. And it's again, a hard one to diagnose because it is very similar to the opposite problem, which is dehydration. So hyponatraemia you've actually got too much water on board.  One of the signs of this I'm even doing was 100k, one of those Oxfam ones. And because we'd been walking for so long, it was a walking running situation thing. And I got really bad hyponatraemia in that one. I was drinking a lot. I wasn't having my electrolytes, right. And my hands were like elephant hands.  Eugene: Wow.  Lisa: So that's an indication that there's something going on. So look for signs like that, look for swelling, edema. And yes, that could like...  Eugene: Nausea, lightheadedness, those sorts of things as well. Lisa: Coordination, going haywire. And the problem with hyponatraemia is you don't want to just be thinking it's dehydration and then drinking more. So it's an—it's a low sodium. So, your potassium and your sodium are having antagonistic relationships in your body. And you have, for every three bits of sodium that gets pushed out of the cells, three bits of potassium come into the cells. And it's like, it acts like a pump. And it's actually what helps your muscles contract.  So if you get that sodium, potassium, ainger, other electrolytes out of whack, there's a whole lot of things that can happen. hyponatraemia being one of them. In another one being a tetany seizure, which is what I mentioned what I had in Alaska.  Eugene: Yes, so what's that? Lisa: So this is where—in my case, it was a potassium that was really, really low in the body at 1.4. Like it’s deadly... Eugene: Wow.  Lisa: Deadly low. And I'd had in the couple of weeks building up to this actual seizure. My hands were doing this, and I was cramping all the time. And that was so—if you ever start doing that, like this weird thing where your hands are starting to spin. Eugene: So, like dinosaur hands on. Lisa: Yes, so your fingers—for those listening can't see me do my funny thing here. It's the muscles contracting and your fingers are pulling in. So I remember, swimming at some point, and the lead up to this with this was happening to me. I was like, ‘What the hell's that’? And then it would go off again. But there was a sign that I didn't have enough potassium as I found out later. Eugene: All right. Lisa: So then I had, a couple of weeks later, this tetany seizure, and it started with the whole body. Just like every muscle in the body cramping all at the same time, the most painful thing you can ever—like really bad pain, including your face muscles, including your heart, which is the problem.  And in there, the pain was horrific. I thought I was dying, I was. Luckily I just come off a mountain, or was taking shelter in a public library because it was pouring with rain and freezing cold. And this happened in the library. And there was a paramedic in the library who just happened to be fixing a light bulb. He saw me go down.  Eugene: That’s one of the 43:10 [inaudible] moments. Lisa: Yes, that was very lucky. He put a gel straight into my mouth. He just happened to have a gel on him. And that gave a little bit of glucose and stuff too, and managed to release the seizure for a couple of minutes before it happened again. But by then he got me into the ambulance and around to the hospital pretty quick, smart. And they were able to save me. But that could have been deadly. That could have been a massive heart attack on the way out. I've seen that also happen and we were in the outback of Australia with friend Chris Ord. And he had a seizure at mile, coming in at 90 sort, and we've been running in 40 odd degrees heat and he'd been taking electrolyte tablets. So people electrolyte tablets are absolutely crucial. You've got to have them. The ones he was taking didn't have potassium. They had everything else in them but their ratios weren't right. And he ended up—we had to—again incredible pain, whole body seizing, racing him into the hospital Alice Springs.  What I did do and what you can do in a case like that is give him three cans of Redbull—not advertising for Redbull or because generally that’s a shit thing to be drinking. And this case, with what it's got in it and the sugars and stuff that helped. So yes, but that's just a potassium sodium balance.  Eugene: Yes .That's the thing, isn't it? We're missing with our chemistry. We're missing with the body's chemistry. I don't know what it was but I had one race where I just finished and as soon as I finished, I started shaking.  Lisa: Oh, yes. Eugene: Shaking and shaking. I couldn't stop for hours. And it wasn't cold. I wasn't cold. Lisa: Oh, I know what it is. Eugene: Well, what is it? Because... Lisa: I don't know the name of it. But I've had that many times. It's basically where you've just got nothing left in the body.  Eugene: Yes, somebody said to me, glycogen. Yes, just the glycogen is gone.  Lisa: You just got nothing, you got nothing to heat because you know we heating ourselves all the time with our glycogen supplies and our glucose is running out of their body. And you were just on absolute zero basically, taking your blood sugar, I bet you’re in a really, really low  Eugene: Right.  Lisa: And so like, in Death—I’m telling my bloody stories, but...  Eugene: Why not? Lisa: A member in Death Valley. We be head like 55 degrees during the day, I’ve had heat stroke and had all that. And then at nighttime, it was 40 degrees. And I got shivers. I was doing that. I was like this and it was 40 degrees.And I was like, ‘Really, what the hell is going on? It's 40 degrees’. It was a lot colder than it had been, but I just had nothing left in the tank and therefore I was shaking.  And that can be a real danger when you say in the Himalayas, which I've also done and that's where you just cannot warm up. You can't keep your heat going. And these can run into other problems where you just stuck—your blood sugar just keep dropping, and you can end up when—going into a coma just because your blood sugar is too low, and you got hypothermia. Eugene: The other problem that happens. And I've had this a couple of times after ultras is I just have zero appetite, I can't, I just can't face the thought of food. You got to get something into you, you go start replenishing your body, you got to look at soups or something to get some nutrition back into it. Because like you say, it can be dangerous. Lisa: And that's a recovery too, like, if you can get something in it will help you recover a heck of a lot faster even like just generally fully training runs, if you can get something in within an hour. But usually within an hour, you just do not feel, you just feel like vomiting if you eat too much. So you just have to take a little, little, little nibble, nibble, nibble. And something that you're really—usually savoury salty things that you will get have a taste for. So soup or things or something like that. Just trying to eat something in. My gosh, there's a lot to be worried about. Eugene: And that's the thing, that's the thing. These are all things that you need to be conscious of. But you manage your rests, don't you? You can manage them. And what one of the other things that Dr Reynold said, and I think is pertinent today, what just what we're dwelling on the bad things is that these risks are exponential. So he says, ‘Don't think that you run 100k all year, well, then 160Ks, that's only another 60k’. It's an exponential increase, and an exponential increase in those risks as well. So conscious of those things as well.  Lisa: So watch when you're jumping up in this.  Eugene: Yes.  Lisa: And also don't fall into the trap of thinking, ‘Oh, I did it once. Therefore, it's a piece of cake. I could do it either’. I've run into this where I came off the back of a Himalayan one. I just done 222Ks. I thought it was the bee's knees. And then I went and did it just a couple of weeks later and I hadn't recovered properly a 50k in Australia. And the wheels freakin came off at 25k. It wasn't the—I had to be risky for some beer drinking Ausies in the middle of the bush. I'll tell you your ego suddenly deflated.  Eugene: Yes, absolutely, Lisa and it's—I learned that lesson even just with the map just for the marathon.  Lisa: Don’t say that. Eugene: But just for the marathon. I ran my first marathon when I was 21 and I trained for it. And so I found it actually quite easy. I don't mean that—I wasn't fast but but it was I got to the end of it. I can't keep waiting for the wall. The wall never came. I got—I thought, ‘Ah’! So I made the mistake thinking marathon is easy. A piece of cake. Yes, run up on the next one. [49:13] ecruzi hardly did any training.  Lisa: Oh.  Eugene: My bad, so bad. And it was like it was just the marathon telling me, ‘Sunshine’...  Lisa: Respect. Eugene: ‘Respect the distance’. You cannot run something like this without respecting it. And it was a good listen.  Lisa: Good listen. Eugene: Good listen, I'll let my listen. But I let my listen.  Lisa: And in by that token, respect any distance. People often say to me, I'm just doing it, I'm just doing half marathons, or I'm just doing marathons and because I've done lots of ultramarathons they think, ‘Oh, that would be nothing for you’. And I'm like, ‘Hell no’. Eugene: Hell no. Absolutely. Lisa: Every distance has to respect because it’s sort of basic thing for starters. 100 metres is a long way when you're going at Usain Bolt and 5k is really fast when you're going at your maximum. And a team K is an attunity. It's all relative to pace for status. And the second thing is never think because you did it once. Next time, it's going to be sweet. And Eugene has given us an absolute good example of that. And it is. It’s like take every race is that first is a big deal. And you have to prepare your body for it.  And don't—oh, another mistake I made this was awesome. Another embarrassing thing. So you know. Done 25 years of stupid stuff and then when my mum got sick I didn't train obviously properly for 10 months and then I ran across the north on and raising money for charity a friend who’ve died, Samuel Gibson a wonderful man that we lost. And I was so moved. I decided I'm going to run anyway. And I have not been training for 10 months because I've been looking after my mum and I sort of thought out, this sweet, have done this backwards and upside down. I can do this. Oh my God, my ass got handed to me. And I got through it. But oh, hell, it was hell. It was not funny. So prepare. And even though you've done it a100 times doesn't mean you still got it. Eugene: That's right. That's right. Lisa: I assume I don't got it now. Eugene: And that point you made earlier about recovery, too. I did a 100k race and then you had this plan to recover, to take weeks off, got peer pressure. Mates we're doing a 50k. ‘Come on. Come on, man. I don't want peer pressure. Peer pressure’. ‘Okay. You’re already lined up to this 50k race’. Oh boy. And it just set me backwards. It set me back so far, you know?  Lisa: Mentaly too. Eugene: Yes. Absolutely. Absolutely. Yes. Yes. Yes. So, yes, respect things. Lisa: We've got to respect things. We've got to not expect that our bodies got it just because we've done it once before. Be aware of things like rhabdomyolysis, heatstroke, hyponatraemia, altitude if you're doing altitude, podcasts in itself, be aware of burnout...  Eugene: Hypothermia. Lisa: ...hypothermia, dehydration. All of these things are things that we can and do happen to be seizures, electrolyte imbalances, getting lost, going through dangerous places, breaking ankles, and all that sort of thing. So part, it is, can happen. So, be aware of that. And we're not saying don't go out and have adventures, because that'd be really critical. But prepare for those adventures. Get proper training. Get proper coaching. Know what you're in for. Eugene: It's like driving a car. One of the most dangerous things we do. But we make sure we wear our seatbelts, we make sure our cars have got a Warrant of Fitness and the service, and everything. We make sure there's air in the tires, we make sure there's fuel in the tank, and our bodies have got to be like that as well.  Lisa: Exactly. Eugene: That driving is so so dangerous. You know, so many people a year die on our roads.  Lisa: Yes, more than ultras.  Eugene: Yes, so we don't not drive. We just make sure that when we drive we are prepared and our cars are prepared. Well, that's the same as running. There are risks, not as much as driving. But there are risks, but we just make sure we've got air in the tires, we've got fuel in the tank, that we're serviced, and ready to go when we line up for races. Lisa: Brilliant. Eugene, you've been fantastic today. And now you've got another thing to get to. So I want to thank you for writing that article. And thank you for your honesty and openness about this because it's really important that we do talk about it in our running community and to share the good, the bad and the ugly. So I think it's important. And keep up the great work. Of course, people should go and listen to Dirt Church Radio. It's a fantastic podcast that  Eugene: We have great gear that’s wireless.  Lisa: Honoured to be on your show, mate. And I love talking to you and I love what you do. So thanks very much, mate for being on the show today.  Eugene: Anytime. Thanks, Lisa. That's it this week for Pushing the Limits. Be sure to rate, review, and share with your friends and head over and visit Lisa and her team at lisatamati.com

Show Note1. 助産師の仕事とは2. 命がけ出産の立ち会い3. 健康なカラダでも不妊はある4. 自然妊娠を望んだ助産師5. 自らの不妊と仕事で関わる赤ちゃん6. 不妊治療と仕事の両立7. 治療中の夫婦関係8. インスタで発信しようと思ったきっかけ9. 不妊女性が発信しにくい社会10. Laulele助産院開業＜ グロサリー＞・GCU - Growing Care Unit (回復治療室) NICUで治療を受け急性期を脱し、状態が安定してきた赤ちゃんが、引き続き治療を受ける施設です。・AIH - 人工受精（IUIとも言う）・IVF - 体外受精〈プロフィール〉保坂彩未 (ほさかあやみ) さん東京在住の助産師。看護師4年、助産師11年病院で働いた後、2020年6月Laulele助産院開業。2年間の不妊治療を経て、現在は治療はやめ自己流妊活中。オンラインで相談、講座、お話会など、妊活女性のサポートを中心に活動中。ウェブサイト: 準備中インスタ：@Laulele.osimoFLOW - Fulfilling Lives of Women〜産まない産めない女性の幸せな人生計画www.flow-japan.comFLOWは周りや社会からの期待や固定観念から解放され、それぞれの状況に置かれた女性たちが自分らしい選択をし、人生を楽しく生きる、そんな女性の多様性やストーリーを応援するプラットフォームです。様々な理由で子供のいない既婚女性、アラフォー独身女性、または不妊治療で悩む親友や姉妹をお持ちの方など、FLOWでは貴女の声をお待ちしています。

Sydney and Tommy talk about ways to manage and cope with the symptoms that come along with AIH as well as the side effects from the anti-rejection medication.

Hélène is the Founder and CEO of WILD AI - an AI-powered App designed specifically for women and their physiology. Her accomplished background in business and science combined with her love for sport put her in a unique position to change an industry that is, like many others, male biased. Although women make up nearly half of the population, a recent paper on "Sex Bias in Neuroscience and Biomedical Research" shows that 80% of the animals used in research are male. "These findings cannot be applied to women who are impacted daily by the 500 menstrual cycles they'll experience over 40 years. More so, a 22 year old taking the pill has different nutritional needs, physiology and digestion than a 47 year old perimenopausal woman."Go check out WILD AI here.Also, you'll find some amazing opportunities to support WILD AI here.Twitter: @Helene_wild_aiInstagram: @helene_wild_aiHélène talking about boosting the immune system: WILD AI x ROAD x FITTERFind David's CHPT3 here: CHPT3.comFind Mikkel's ReD Associates here: redassociates.com

Ini podcast edisi perdana. Tak kenal maka Tata Young. Tata Young maka tatinta. Aih! If you have anything to discuss with me atau perlu tempat buat mencurahkan isi hati, boleh banget kirim unek-unek kamu via sabtupagipodcast@outlook.com

Aih matek, kenaposek sik Podcast Perawan cucyok meong en cetar membahana, eiymm?! Akika mawar cacamarica pencerahan disindang, yiiuukk! Episode kali ini bakal bahas jargon-jargon yang sering dipake mulai dari jaman dulu sampe jaman sekarang, ditemenin sama Co Host Tofan yang fasih dalam perjargonan.

Curing Courtney is the empowering true story of a mother and daughter’s triumph over the deadly autoimmune hepatitis that threatened to take the life of 7-year-old Courtney. After five years of treatment by some of the best pediatric hepatologists in New York City, the doctors told Courtney’s mom, “The meds aren’t working.” The next step for 12-year-old Courtney was a leukemia-type drug and a possible liver transplant. Frustrated and angry that the doctors had stolen Courtney’s childhood with their standard protocol that failed and the side-effects of high doses of prednisone which made little Courtney overweight and excessively hairy, Denise Otten took it upon herself to find an alternative treatment. Thanks to scientifically proven nutraceuticals and vitamins, plus a baseball autographed by Yankees star Derek Jeter, Courtney went into remission in a matter of months and is now a slim, beautiful, teenage athlete. About the Author: DENISE GABAY OTTEN is the President and Founder of Elite Wealth Strategies. Previously, she was a Financial Advisor for a major Wall Street brokerage firm and a writer for CNBC. In addition to her financial planning work and out of gratitude for her daughter’s recovery, she created a children’s foundation which donates to children’s group homes and hospitals. A wife and the mother of three, she shares her passion for alternative and holistic remedies and the science that validates them. She wrote Curing Courtney in the hope that the book will empower readers to take nutritional control of their health and learn about alternative modalities that go beyond the standard medical treatments. In today's special episode, my dear friend Denise Otten shares her inspiring story about how she cured her daughter Courtney. We also discuss the ways to live a happy and healthy life talking about self-care methods and by being grateful for all our blessings. Laugh more, sing more, and dance more like no one's watching. Denise also reveals the causes of autoimmune hepatitis and other autoimmune disorders and the factors that contribute to their manifesting. She also shares about her upcoming symposium about autoimmune hepatitis on March 10, 2019. In this symposium, Denise brings together the top integrative doctors and healer experts on health. Reverse Chronic Disease Holistically! DEFY DOGMA! Get rid of RA, MS, LUPUS, CROHN'S, AIH, etc. Meet Dr. Burt Berkson and find out how! PLUS Renown Energy Healer Eddie Leong! With Dian Freeman , Clinical Nutritionist . Feast on Paleo/Vegan & Wheat Free foods & shop w/ Holistic Vendors.Eat/Drink & Be Healthy! TIX: www.curingcourtney.com/product/autoimmune You can register for this event at Paypal.Me/autoimmunesymposium --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/iamenoughhealing/support

Derek of AIH joins Daniel to talk Central preview, plus some old audio of Murat

Welcome to another episode of Biotechnology Focus radio. I am your host – Michelle Currie – here to give you the lowdown on the Canadian biotech scene. This episode I will be discussing how new biomarkers found in maternal blood could prevent stillbirth, a new therapy for patients with partial spinal cord injuries, an investment from the Government of Canada, and Inversago closes their first series A financing round.   +++++  Researchers from the University of Alberta suggests new biomarkers found in maternal blood may help prevent stillbirth.  David Wishart, lead author and professor in the Department of Biological Sciences says, “When we started analyzing the blood of women who experienced stillbirth and compared them to healthy women, we noticed there’s a chemical difference. This suggested that we could predict and potentially prevent stillbirths.”  Using a mass spectrometer, Wishart and his colleagues identified four chemicals that showed up repetitively in mothers who experienced stillbirth. Combining this with demographic information about the mothers, the researchers discovered biomarkers for predicting signs of first-trimester stillbirth, including a fifth, previously unknown blood chemical called verruculotoxin.  Wishart explains that “Verruculotoxin is likely produced by microbes and fungi. This is intriguing because there’s anecdotal information about people living in certain areas, where there’s high mold, having a high incidence of stillbirth.”  Using this approach, scientists could develop tools and technology to screen for preventable illnesses that affect both women and children, explained Wishart.  Wishart says, “This research is the tip of a bigger iceberg. By looking at the chemicals in the mother’s blood, we can actually identify the risk for not just stillbirth, but a whole range of other conditions both for the mother and the fetus.”  Due to verruculotoxin being a newly discovered substance, further investigation and testing is required before a definite relation to stillbirth can be confirmed.  Previous research into predicting stillbirth has focused on genetics. Focusing on chemicals within the body gives scientists a clearer view of the potential causes and reasons. The technique also opens doors to other risk-related conditions that can happen during pregnancy.  Stillbirth is typically defined as fetal death at or after 20 to 28 weeks of pregnancy. It results in a baby born without signs of life. The term is in contrast to miscarriage which is an early pregnancy loss, and live birth where the baby is born alive, even if it dies shortly after.  +++++  New research from the University of Saskatchewan has scientists excited about the potential of a new therapy called acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) for patients with partial spinal cord injuries.  AIH therapy involves repeated exposure to low oxygen (hypoxic) levels for brief periods. This action triggers a chain of events in the nerve cells or neurons as they react to the mild stress.  Valerie Verge, a professor of anatomy and cell biology in the College of Medicine says, “The acute intermittent hypoxia  AIH alerts the cells that they’re under stress. The cell adapts by turning on specific genes and creating specific proteins that help the cell to survive the stress. They induce a strengthening of the existing neuronal connections which is referred to as plasticity.”  As director of the Cameco MS Neuroscience Research Center, Verge has a keen interest in neurological research. She shares this passion with Dr. Gillian Muir, a professor at the Western College of Veterinary Medicine (WCVM) and the co-principal investigator in a recent study published in PLOS ONE.  While Verge’s focus is on the cellular level, Muir is an expert in behavioural recovery after injury. She has collaborated on studies with professor Gordon Mitchell, a noted neuroscientist at the University of Florida, and she has been involved in multiple studies monitoring the functional recovery that occurs when AIH acute intermittent hypoxia  therapy is combined with rehabilitative training in patients with spinal cord injuries.  Muir says, “The focus of this recent study was to look at what was changing in the cells of these animals in response to both the hypoxia exposure and the rehabilitative training. We looked for hypoxia-associated proteins, evidence that the cells were responding to the low oxygen, and we also looked for proteins associated with the plasticity—the proteins involved in strengthening connections between neurons.”  The study used two groups of rat models with partial spinal cord injuries that received seven days of rehabilitative motor therapy, with only one group reviving the AIH acute intermittent hypoxia  therapy along with the daily regime.  Each AIH treatment consisted of 10 five-minute cycles where the animals breathed hypoxic air (11 per cent oxygen) alternating with normal air (21 per cent oxygen). The research team compared the abilities of both groups each week as they performed specific motor tasks that had been mastered before the injury, and then they compared the cells in the spinal cords of both groups of animals. Results confirmed that AIH leads to increases in the amount of specific proteins within cells linked to hypoxia and plasticity. They also observed notable improvement in the functional abilities of the group that received both AIH and rehabilitative therapy.  Muir says, “We think that this combination of treatment is important because the AIH makes the cells more accessible to plasticity—that is, more amenable to making stronger connections with other neurons. The rehabilitation training activates the correct neural pathways and ensures that the appropriate neural circuitry becomes stronger.”  There have already been clinical and preclinical trials done in the States demonstrating that patients with spinal cord injuries who received AIH therapy could walk farther for longer and with improved ability.  A noteworthy finding of the current study was evidence that the proteins connected with plasticity were increased in areas of the spinal cord other than just the injury site—an indication that hypoxia triggers a reaction from neurons in other parts of the body, including the brain. Since AIH treatments expose the whole body to hypoxia, it’s possible that the nerve cells of the peripheral nervous system and the brain are also reacting to the low-level stress by creating the proteins associated with plasticity.  Verge and Muir are optimistic that AIH therapy will have a positive impact on a large spectrum of injuries and conditions that affect the nervous system; and although it is still too early to say, this study prompts further questions to the possibilities of AIH therapies and whether it can enhance the nervous system or even repair damaged cells.  +++++  There is a wide spectrum of health conditions from diabetes, mental health, and cancer that affect the Canadian population. These diseases pose a serious health risk to patients and the Canadian health system, and novel solutions are sorely needed. Promising advances may soon be close at hand thanks to an investment from the Government of Canada and several provincial and international partners and research institutions that will allow scientists to test-drive new ways to treat disease and improve patient care to see if they work in the real world.  Sonia Sidhu, Member of Parliament for Brampton South, on behalf of the Honourable Ginette Petitpas Taylor, Minister of Health, announced an investment from the Government of Canada, through the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, of $9.3 million while visiting St. Michael’s Hospital, where three of the research projects will be based.  The program, known as the Innovative Clinical Trials Initiative, will include additional funding of $13.3 million from partners, for a total investment of $22.6 million.  The investment will provide support over the next four years to seven research projects tackling a range of health issues that matter to Canadians:  -Reducing the incidence of diabetic foot ulcers – one of the most common and feared side-effects of diabetes, which, if left untreated, can lead to amputations;  -Reducing the number of unnecessary x-rays and pre-operative tests administered to patients;  -Supporting doctors to improve opioid- and antibiotic-prescribing practices;  -Reducing childhood obesity by re-examining the consumption of low-fat versus whole milk;  -Improving care and outcomes for patients admitted to intensive care units;  -Helping patients with multiple complex conditions navigate the health care system; and  -Improving care and recovery for young adults experiencing their first episodes of psychosis, such as schizophrenia.  The Honourable Ginette Petitpas Taylor, Minister of Health says, “Our Government proudly supports science because it has the power to change lives. The projects we are investing in today bring the promise of new treatments and improved quality of life for people with diabetes and mental illness, new insights into tackling childhood obesity, and new tools for health professionals to make the health care system more sustainable and work better for patients.”  Life sciences is an industry that is filled with innovation and offers much economic promise for governments who desire to grow a knowledge-based economy.  +++++  Inversago Pharma recently closed their first Series A financing round at $7 million. They join Accel-RX’s growing portfolio of promising next-gen Canadian start-ups, as well as co-investors Genesys Capital, AmorChem, Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation T1D Fund, Anges Québec Capital as well as several angel investors.  Inversago is developing new generations of CB1 receptor inverse agonists. First generation CB1 blockers were previously in development for a range of metabolic conditions but were permeable to the blood-brain barrier and targeted brain CB1 receptors. This brain occupancy led to psychiatric adverse events which caused the termination of all CB1 inverse agonist programs.  The company’s technology, based on the work by CB1 world expert, George Kunos at the National Institutes of Health, has demonstrated that peripherally restricted CB1 blockade in preclinical models provides an equivalent therapeutic potential to treat conditions such as Obesity, NASH, type-1 and 2 Diabetes, Liver & Lung Fibrosis, without causing the CNS or behavioural effects associated with the earlier generations of CB1 blockers. The proceeds from this first round of financing will allow Inversago to focus on its first target indication, Prader-Willi Syndrome, an orphan disease that often leads to obesity and type-2 diabetes, as well as explore potential in type-1 diabetes.  Accel-Rx president and CEO, Natalie Dakers says, “Inversago’s technology could provide game-changing treatments for a number of metabolic diseases with few treatment options. Their novel approach to resolving prohibitive concerns involving the brain associated with this class of drug meshes with our investment philosophy of backing companies whose solutions are both innovative and designed for broad impact.”  This is Accel-Rx’s tenth investment in a portfolio that includes disruptive treatments and technologies to innovative approaches to neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s and Lou Gehrig’s Disease.  Inversago founder and CEO, François Ravenelle says, “We are pleased to join the Accel-Rx portfolio of innovative companies and are grateful for their help in securing the two lead investors and spearheading the diligence efforts. Their involvement was instrumental in the success of this round and will enable the company to advance its program into clinical trials.”  Since 2014, Accel-Rx has screened over 200 early-stage companies from across Canada, selecting ten for investment and attracting an additional $44.6 million in co-investment thereby leveraging their initial capital outlay by more than 9X.  +++++   Well that wraps up another episode of Biotechnology Focus radio. Make sure to tune in next week to hear what is going in the life sciences sector from coast to coast. From my desk to yours – this is Michelle Currie.  

Jet Stream podcast gurus Joe and Travis teach us some history, and Harrison talks jerseys, playoffs and AIH contributing

Drs. Stephen Harrison and Harpreet Dhaliwal Azathioprine (AZA) is used to maintain remission in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), but up to 18% of patients are unresponsive. AZA is a prodrug, and the formation of active thioguanine nucleotide (TGN) metabolites varies widely. We aimed to assess the relationship between AZA metabolite concentrations (i.e., TGNs and methylmercaptopurine nucleotides [MeMPNs]), thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) activity, therapeutic response, and toxicity in adult patients with AIH prescribed a stable dose of AZA for the maintenance of remission. Red blood cell (RBC) TGNs and MeMPNs were measured in serial blood samples over a 2-year period. The average TGNs (avTGNs) and MeMPNs (avMeMPNs) concentrations for each patient were used for analysis. Therapeutic response was defined as the ability to maintain remission, defined as a normal serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level (ALT 220 pmol/8 × 108 RBCs best predicted remission, with an odds ratio of 7.7 (P = 0.003). There was no association between TGN, MeMPN, or TPMT activity and the development of leucopenia. Two patients developed AZA-induced cholestasis and the avMeMPN concentration was higher in those patients, compared to those who did not (14,277 versus 1,416 pmol/8 × 108 RBCs). Conclusion: TGN concentrations of >220 pmol/8 × 108 RBCs are associated with remission. TGN measurement may help identify inadequate immunosupression. AZA-induced cholestasis was associated with increased MeMPN concentrations.

A study in the July CGH looked to diagnose the primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC)–chronic autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) overlap syndrome and their level of overlap at a tertiary referral center. Dr. Kuemmerle speaks with Dr. Marshall M. Kaplan.

A study in the December issue of CGH sought to clarify the importance of histologic analysis of biopsy samples in the diagnosis and management of patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). Dr. Kuemmerle speaks to study co-author Dr. Keith Lindor