Podcast appearances and mentions of Tim Mitchell

What's broken in creator marketing – and how do we fix it?In this episode, James is joined by Tim Mitchell, founder and CEO of DRPCRD, to talk about how its platform, CreatorOS, is taking the faff out of creator campaigns. From finding and briefing talent to automating contracts and collecting live performance data, Tim explains how DRPCRD is helping brands and creators work smarter – and faster.They get into what makes a great TikTok, why creators obsess over watch time, the subtle tricks behind scroll-stopping videos and how AI is quietly reshaping pricing and production. If you've ever struggled to wrangle creator content (or understand what it should cost), this one's for you.10 Dark Arts of TikTok: https://www.creatoros.xyz/resources/creatoros-10-dark-arts-of-tiktokBook Engage 2025: https://www.iabuk.com/events-training/engage-2025 Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

A diverse, inquisitive panel of experts across design, anthropology and education asks how design can reimagine home for our aging population. Between now and 2050, Australia's elderly population is predicted to more than double, with the population over 85 set to quadruple. As we age, our requisites of the home evolve. While our need for belonging, comfort and connection is continuous, as our physical needs change, the site of our most fundamental necessities becomes more concentrated.  How can we ensure that the home is not something that exacerbates, impairs, overwhelms or endangers, while still enabling our older people the autonomy and dignity of risk that isn't always available in institutional models of care? How can good design help our older people stay for as long as possible with the greatest quality of life? What do our current urban models say about our cultural attitudes towards ageing?  These are the questions are tackled by an expert panel featuring architect Ana Sá, landscape architect and horticultural consultant Tim Mitchell, design anthropologist Miguel Gomez Hernandez, and independent living resident Maggie Moran, guided by moderator Emily Wong (Landscape Architecture Australia) through a free flow of ideas and audience Q&A.  This definition of ‘home' blends physical, emotional, aesthetic, and social elements into a cohesive whole. They consider the role that design can play – from garden design to smart technology, to architecture and spatial design – in shaping the home as we age.   It's a curious, wide-ranging social and architectural critique that looks to a future where design can help radically improve the wellbeing of our older people. Which, after all, is something we all want to be able to look forward to.

Embark on a journey through Tim Mitchell's pharmacy evolution, from his early days as a chain pharmacist to becoming a multi-store owner and industry rockstar. Discover how Mitchell's approach to community pharmacy — incorporating vaccine gap closures, social determinants of health screenings, and a cost-plus model — is charting new territories in patient care and business sustainability. 0:00 - Intro, Tim's pharmacy journey 5:45 - Overview of Mitchell's pharmacy locations and services 13:00 - Medication sync and community health workers 20:00 - Launching the cost-plus pharmacy model 27:30 - Navigating industry challenges and PBM relationships 34:30 - The future of independent pharmacy 56:15 - Prescribables Hosted By: Mark Bivins | SVP of Sales  Guest: Tim Mitchell | Owner of Mitchell's Drug Stores Listen to Tim Mitchell and Daniel Good's Podcast: Pharmacy FrontiersLooking for more information about independent pharmacy? Visit www.pioneerrx.com

A new MP3 sermon from Bath Road Baptist Church is now available on SermonAudio with the following details: Title: Drunkenness & The Spirit Subtitle: Ephesians Speaker: Tim Mitchell Broadcaster: Bath Road Baptist Church Event: Sunday - AM Date: 8/11/2024 Bible: Ephesians 5:18 Length: 46 min.

A new MP3 sermon from Bath Road Baptist Church is now available on SermonAudio with the following details: Title: Sexual Immorality & Sexual Purity Subtitle: Ephesians Speaker: Tim Mitchell Broadcaster: Bath Road Baptist Church Event: Sunday - AM Date: 6/30/2024 Bible: Ephesians 5:3 Length: 45 min.

A new MP3 sermon from Bath Road Baptist Church is now available on SermonAudio with the following details: Title: Sexual Immorality & Sexual Purity Subtitle: Ephesians Speaker: Tim Mitchell Broadcaster: Bath Road Baptist Church Event: Sunday - AM Date: 6/30/2024 Bible: Ephesians 5:3 Length: 45 min.

Christian Life Church Hereford // Colossians - Freedom from Human rules // Tim Mitchell

"If you get stuck in one model, there's a large proportion of patients you're just not going to be able to treat. " Dr. Darren Earnshaw Our guest is Dr. Darren Earnshaw, PT, MMT, Cert. MDT, COMT, FAAOMPT. Darren earned his Bachelor's degree in Physiotherapy from Curtin University in 1992, followed by a Master's degree in Manipulative Physiotherapy from Curtin University in 1996. In 2017, he completed a Fellowship in Movement Science from Washington University in St. Louis. Dr. Earnshaw serves as a Senior Faculty Advisor for the MAPS Orthopedic Manual Therapy Fellowship Program, is a COMT/Fellowship examiner, and holds the position of Clinical Manager at an outpatient Physical Therapy facility. He is certified in Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy by the McKenzie Institute since 2001 and served as an adjunct Professor for the University of Illinois's Manual Therapy Fellowship Program from 2005 to 2018. He obtained his transitional Doctorate in 2022.

"If you get stuck in one model, there's a large proportion of patients you're just not going to be able to treat. " Dr. Darren Earnshaw Our guest is Dr. Darren Earnshaw, PT, MMT, Cert. MDT, COMT, FAAOMPT. Darren earned his Bachelor's degree in Physiotherapy from Curtin University in 1992, followed by a Master's degree in Manipulative Physiotherapy from Curtin University in 1996. In 2017, he completed a Fellowship in Movement Science from Washington University in St. Louis. Dr. Earnshaw serves as a Senior Faculty Advisor for the MAPS Orthopedic Manual Therapy Fellowship Program, is a COMT/Fellowship examiner, and holds the position of Clinical Manager at an outpatient Physical Therapy facility. He is certified in Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy by the McKenzie Institute since 2001 and served as an adjunct Professor for the University of Illinois's Manual Therapy Fellowship Program from 2005 to 2018. He obtained his transitional Doctorate in 2022.

From the iconic halls of Nike to the dynamic landscape of Boost, our guest, Tim Mitchell, is sharing the secrets behind building global empires and the transformative power of passion-driven leadership. Join host Ken as he delves into Tim's incredible journey, spanning from his early days in the Midwest with a journalism degree to leading Nike's matrix organization and overseeing the company's evolution from $5 billion to $40 billion. Tim shares insights on Nike's strategic shifts and the importance of adaptability as Nike transitioned from wholesale to a category-focused approach and later emphasized direct-to-consumer.  He talks lessons-learned from his observations on how different leaders approached transformation. Tim's transition from the behemoth of Nike to the nimble tech company Boost offers unique insights into the power of hiring for passion and vision. Tim candidly shares how his exposure to diverse cultures and leadership styles shaped his approach, emphasizing the importance of adaptability and mentorship. From Nike's strategic shifts to the secrets of Tim's own culture playbook, this episode unpacks the challenges and rewards of personal and professional growth within a dynamic global brand. Discover how stepping outside one's bubble and embracing change can lead to unparalleled success. Don't miss out on this captivating conversation that's sure to inspire and enlighten. Listen now!   About guest Tim Mitchell: Tim Mitchell is a seasoned professional with over two decades of diverse experience. Following 20+ years as a global Nike executive, Tim's "next flight" focuses on applying their Swoosh consumer, brand, product, and digital foundation to the IT Services & Consulting industry, with an emphasis on sports technology. Currently serving as the Chief Commercial Officer at BOOST since 2022, Tim's mission is to create the future of sport through AI, content, brand, e-commerce, and championship teams. Prior to this role, they excelled as an Executive Mentor at San Diego Sport Innovators. Holding a Bachelor of Science degree in Journalism from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Tim is dedicated to driving innovation and making a lasting impact in the sports technology industry.  

Want to grow your real estate investing business and portfolio?  You're in the right place. Welcome to the Property Profits Real Estate Podcast

Anyone with an interest in how Student Accommodation is designed and built throughout the world should listen to Aaron. We need to build more student homes and also affordable ones, but it isn't that simple.Aaron Bailey from GSA kindly invited me to record this episode with him at St Crispin's House in Norwich, Yugo's brand new residence which has its own fantastic podcast studio.We talked about a wide range of topics including:·How Yugo are tapping into the energy and creativity of the students who live with them·Affordability and the challenges in how to build ‘affordable' student homes.·How function wins over style when designing student homes·How his love of sailing and journey from Ireland at a young age led to him falling into a career in PBSA.·How he has shifted to working globally and the impact that has had on him and his family.P.S. Please HIT THAT FOLLOW BUTTON, it really helps, and have a listen on the links below.As always, I asked Aaron to recommend future guests for me to speak to on the podcast, he recommended Keona Lee from Yugo and Tim Mitchell, we look forward to recording episodes with you both soon. Apple - https://apple.co/3Pps3rzSpotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/4R2ltPkgTBtPaIKdLP5pT8#studenthousing #pbsa #university

The Big Bash is launching again tomorrow - Tim Mitchell joins the boys with all the tips and tricks before it gets under away again. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Great to catch up with Timmy as the Big Bash season kicks off. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

A fire in Christchurch's Port Hills on a dry breezy day had residents hoping they weren't in for a repeat of the disasterous 2017 blazes. And it raises questions about whether we need to be on high-alert this fire season. At least four fire crews and three helicopters managed to contain today's blaze in just over an hour, but State Highway 76 between the city and Lyttelton closed to allow firefighters to carry out their work. The fire is now contained but earlier in the afternoon several locals told our reporter Rachel Graham they were getting ready to move. New Zealand's in for an El Nino summer. In the past that's meant stronger or more frequent winds from the west, causing drier conditions. And Europe has already experienced record breaking temperatures during its summer coupled with devastating and deadly wild fires. Fire and Emergency wildfire manager Tim Mitchell speaks to Lisa Owen. [embed] https://players.brightcove.net/6093072280001/default_default/index.html?videoId=6341462438112

Fire crews have been keeping a watchful eye on the remnants of a wildfire on the Port Hills in Christchurch overnight. The blaze took off through scrub and trees yesterday morning; three helicopters and four fire crews were needed to get it under control. It's a reminder of the dry conditions we were warned would develop on the East Coast amid El Niño's prevailing north-westerly conditions. NIWA's soil moisture deficit maps show dry conditions across the areas experiencing the associated warm foehn winds include the southern lakes, Canterbury, Marlborough, and Hawke's Bay. Fire and Emergency wildfire manager Tim Mitchell spoke to Corin Dann.

A new MP3 sermon from Bath Road Baptist Church is now available on SermonAudio with the following details: Title: Church Government & Its Offices [Session 1] Subtitle: Biblical Eldership Speaker: Tim Mitchell Broadcaster: Bath Road Baptist Church Event: Teaching Date: 11/12/2023 Length: 50 min.

In this episode of, “Stories from the Field: The Superintendent Podcast,” Melissa Crawl, Member Success Manager and Sara Croll, Vice President of Institute for Education Innovation, discuss the behind-the-scenes of being a superhero superintendent and leaving a legacy of change for their respective school districts. Melissa interviews Dr. April Grace, Superintendent Tom Burton, and Superintendent James Grossane, while Sara interviews Dr. Tim Mitchell about how leadership always matters, and all highlight their proudest moments during their long tenures of serving their communities and scholars.

It's official - El Nino has begun. The National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (Niwa) announced the start of the weather cycle in its Season Climate Outlook for October to December today. It increases the likelihood of “dramatic” temperature swings in these months, the outlook says, bringing periods of unseasonably warm weather followed by sharp, cool southerly winds. There's a higher chance rainfall will be lower than normal for many regions around the country, meaning drought conditions and a greater risk of fires than last year. Wind will be more powerful, with the outlook warning there could be periods of potentially damaging winds. Niwa said the weather pattern was likely to continue over the summer. Fire and Emergency NZ's national wildfire manager Tim Mitchell said fire season “is going to be different. We're going to see a see-sawing of fire risk”. “Now is the time to really prepare for the coming condition, clearing vegetation around structures, managing water supplies and forming a plan,” Mitchell said. ‘On track to be up there with some of the strongest El Ninos' Niwa meteorologist Ben Noll said: “El Nino is finally here. We've been talking about it for a long time.” Projections show it could be one of “the stronger El Nino events in the last couple of decades. And that means some pretty big impacts,” he said. “[There will be a] temperature rollercoster. It could be 30C one day and then 15C the next. That's typical for spring, but El Nino is going to elevate and enhance that level of variability,” he said. The eastern sides of both islands were likely to see above-average temperatures and the west and south of the South Island will get above-average rainfall. As Niwa's principal scientist Chris Brandolino spoke of the low rainfall rates projected for some areas he was so taken aback by forecasts he exclaimed “holy smokes!” Throughout October, rainfall rates were likely to be at or below normal for most of the country, with the North Island and top of the South in line for the most dramatic anomaly. Moving into November, “we have to watch out”, Noll said. The National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research announced the start of the El Niño weather cycle in its Season Climate Outlook for October to December today. “We had that big flooding event in September - so inland Otago, around Queenstown Lakes, parts of Southland, the West Coast, Fiordland - there could be some very strong and impressive fronts that track through that region in the coming months,” he said. Brandolino said those fronts would “lose their oomph” as they moved north over the North Island: “That's why the dryness risk is there.” However, there would be higher rainfall rates in other places, Noll said. The west of the South Island could see higher than normal rainfall. Wind strength will be greater than normal across most of the country because the difference between air pressures near New Zealand, the pressure gradient, will be higher than normal. “This will come with periods of potentially damaging winds,” Niwa's outlook read. Noll said El Niño would “bring some really windy conditions”. More westerly winds from this pressure pattern will contribute to “prolonged dry spells” about the east and north of both islands. The risk of marine heatwaves, “like those that have occurred in recent years”, however, is low, Niwa said. Regional marine heatwaves could develop around the north and east of both islands, though. Noll and Brandolino pointed to sea surface temperature anomalies - “the engine room behind atmospheric patterns”, Noll said - where there was “a lot going on”. Measurements taken in a key region where El Nino is monitored in the equatorial Pacific Ocean in September showed temperatures had passed the threshold for a “strong” El Niño. “We've been watching the development of El Nino and what we've seen over the last month,” Noll said, “is that that key monitoring region in the central part of the Pacific known as Nino 3.4 has actually jumped over the threshold for a strong El Nino”. “[The threshold is] 1.5C and we're actually at 1.6C above average in that area. “And that puts us on track, this year, to be right up there with some of the strongest El Ninos,” Noll said. El Niño increases the likelihood of “dramatic” temperature swings in these months, the outlook says, bringing periods of unseasonably warm weather followed by sharp, cool southerly winds. Brandolino said the high measurement readings were significant given they were from September - “this early in the El Nino arc”, he said. “Once we reach 2C above average,” Noll said, “we tend to ascribe that as ‘very strong'. That means big impacts.” Another climate pattern, the Indian Ocean Dipole, which leads to extremely dry conditions in Australia, will also be in play. “This pattern looks very similar to what happened in 2019 - and although 2019 didn't have a fully-fledged El Nino, do you remember what happened?” The Indian Ocean Dipole threw parts of New Zealand's North Island into a severe meteorological drought. “This is a reason to be concerned,” Brandolino said, “now we have at least a strong El Nino in conjunction with [the Indian Ocean Dipole].” 30C by next Friday, Niwa forecasts Air pressure anomaly patterns showed the next 10 days would bring wind gusts over 100km/h this weekend, threatening power cuts and tree damage. “This is not your run-of-the-mill, typical wind event we've got coming in on Saturday,” Noll said. “Things change quickly and dramatically,” he said, “with a big high [pressure system] building north of the North Island.” Both Brandolino and Noll said parts of the country could be above 30C next week. “That's early,” Noll said, “Last year we didn't hit 30C until November. It's certainly ahead of schedule.” Bradolino said the early heat was “a nice example” of what New Zealand could see over the next two to three months. Fire and Emergency's Mitchell said the wildfire risk was slightly above normal along the east coasts of both islands - where rainfall was likely to be lower too - and slightly below normal where rainfall rates were projected to be higher than usual at the bottom and west of the South. “This year is going to be different. We really need you to keep up to date with wildfire risk conditions and think about those activities that could cause sparks or ignitions.” Raphael Franks is an Auckland-based reporter who covers breaking news. He joined the Herald as a Te Rito cadet in 2022.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Christian Life Church Hereford // Being Gods children // Tim Mitchell

Christian Life Church Hereford // Luke 19 // Tim Mitchell

Christian Life Church Ross // Series: Holy Spirit // You will receive power // Tim Mitchell

In this episode, the Retro Movie Geek crew is joined by Tim Mitchell, and they're geeking out over Enemy of the State (1998) and conspiracy theories the cast & director out-of-date tech no-time-to-think action and much, much more! Synopsis: Hot Hollywood favorite Will Smith stars with two-time Academy Award winner Gene Hackman in a high-powered suspense thriller where nonstop action meets cutting-edge technology! Robert Clayton Dean is a successful Washington, D.C. attorney who – without his knowledge – is given a video that ties a top official of the National Security Agency (Jon Voight) – to a political murder! Instantly, every aspect of Dean's once-normal life is targeted by a lethal team of skilled NSA surveillance operatives, who wage a relentless, ultra high-tech campaign to discredit him and retrieve the incriminating evidence! Also featuring Regina King in an impressive, star-studded cast – get ready for the action to explode as Dean desperately races to reclaim his life and prove his innocence… ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: LISTENER FEEDBACK: Leave us your voicemail feedback at (484) 577-3876. Check out Darrell's other cool podcasts here. Check out Peter's Retro Reviews over at ForgottenFlix.com here. Check out The Forgotten Flix Podcast here. Special thanks to Kevin Spencer for the fantastic show logo! Special thanks to Hayden for the use of his fantastic music for our opening theme this episode! You can check out more from this amazing artist here! Special thanks to Retro Promenade for the use of music from the album Carpenter. Music use permitted under a Creative Commons license. CLICK HERE and get a copy of the album and support these fantastic artists!

At last! It's the long awaited exotic birds episode.The Green Cockatoo (1937) is a noir-ish thriller set in gangland Soho. The Green Cockatoo of the title is not actually a beautiful tropical bird but a drab Soho nightclub. When Dave Connor gets on the wrong side of some gangsters, his brother, Jim and an innocent bystander, Eileen get caught up in the trouble.Directed by William Cameron Menzies, it stars John Mills, supported by Rene Ray (The Countess of Midleton! Yes really!) & Robert Newton. The film has a superb supporting cast and was based on a story by Graham Greene. Nigel Smith pays his first visit to Soho Bites to talk about the film.Follow Nigel on Twitter & check out his many projects HERE.Watch Nigel's Nerd Nites talk about Alfred Hitchcock HERE.In the first half of the show, the exotic bird we're talking about is an actual bird, not a night club - the Green Ringed Parakeet. London is home to tens of thousands of these green feathery friends and their population is growing. Nick Hunt became, for a few months, a "Gonzo Ornitholigist" investigating these birds and he joins us to tell us about his discoveries and explain what Gonzo Ornithology is. In collaboration with photographer, Tim Mitchell, he wrote a fantastic little book on the subject: "Parakeeting in London: An Adventure in Gonzo Ornithology". Buy your copy HERE.Follow Nick on Twitter and read about his other work on his website.Read all about Ring Necked Parakeets.You can watch The Green Cockatoo, in full, on YouTube.Interesting article about The Green Cockatoo.Some...

Christian Life Church Hereford // Series: Holy Spirit // The spirit of freedom // Tim Mitchell

Christian Life Church Hereford // Passion for Gods house // Tim Mitchell

Episode 164 of A History of Rock Music in Five Hundred Songs looks at "White Light/White Heat" and the career of the Velvet Underground. This is a long one, lasting three hours and twenty minutes. Click the full post to read liner notes, links to more information, and a transcript of the episode. Patreon backers also have a twenty-three minute bonus episode available, on "Why Don't You Smile Now?" by the Downliners Sect. Tilt Araiza has assisted invaluably by doing a first-pass edit, and will hopefully be doing so from now on. Check out Tilt's irregular podcasts at http://www.podnose.com/jaffa-cakes-for-proust and http://sitcomclub.com/ Errata I say the Velvet Underground didn't play New York for the rest of the sixties after 1966. They played at least one gig there in 1967, but did generally avoid the city. Also, I refer to Cale and Conrad as the other surviving members of the Theater of Eternal Music. Sadly Conrad died in 2016. Resources No Mixcloud this week, as there are too many songs by the Velvet Underground, and some of the avant-garde pieces excerpted run to six hours or more. I used a lot of resources for this one. Up-Tight: The Velvet Underground Story by Victor Bockris and Gerard Malanga is the best book on the group as a group. I also used Joe Harvard's 33 1/3 book on The Velvet Underground and Nico. Bockris also wrote one of the two biographies of Reed I referred to, Transformer. The other was Lou Reed by Anthony DeCurtis. Information on Cale mostly came from Sedition and Alchemy by Tim Mitchell. Information on Nico came from Nico: The Life and Lies of an Icon by Richard Witts. I used Draw a Straight Line and Follow it by Jeremy Grimshaw as my main source for La Monte Young, The Roaring Silence by David Revill for John Cage, and Warhol: A Life as Art by Blake Gopnik for Warhol. I also referred to the Criterion Collection Blu-Ray of the 2021 documentary The Velvet Underground.  The definitive collection of the Velvet Underground's music is the sadly out-of-print box set Peel Slowly and See, which contains the four albums the group made with Reed in full, plus demos, outtakes, and live recordings. Note that the digital version of the album as sold by Amazon for some reason doesn't include the last disc -- if you want the full box set you have to buy a physical copy. All four studio albums have also been released and rereleased many times over in different configurations with different numbers of CDs at different price points -- I have used the "45th Anniversary Super-Deluxe" versions for this episode, but for most people the standard CD versions will be fine. Sadly there are no good shorter compilation overviews of the group -- they tend to emphasise either the group's "pop" mode or its "avant-garde" mode to the exclusion of the other. Patreon This podcast is brought to you by the generosity of my backers on Patreon. Why not join them? Transcript Before I begin this episode, there are a few things to say. This introductory section is going to be longer than normal because, as you will hear, this episode is also going to be longer than normal. Firstly, I try to warn people about potentially upsetting material in these episodes. But this is the first episode for 1968, and as you will see there is a *profound* increase in the amount of upsetting and disturbing material covered as we go through 1968 and 1969. The story is going to be in a much darker place for the next twenty or thirty episodes. And this episode is no exception. As always, I try to deal with everything as sensitively as possible, but you should be aware that the list of warnings for this one is so long I am very likely to have missed some. Among the topics touched on in this episode are mental illness, drug addiction, gun violence, racism, societal and medical homophobia, medical mistreatment of mental illness, domestic abuse, rape, and more. If you find discussion of any of those subjects upsetting, you might want to read the transcript. Also, I use the term "queer" freely in this episode. In the past I have received some pushback for this, because of a belief among some that "queer" is a slur. The following explanation will seem redundant to many of my listeners, but as with many of the things I discuss in the podcast I am dealing with multiple different audiences with different levels of awareness and understanding of issues, so I'd like to beg those people's indulgence a moment. The term "queer" has certainly been used as a slur in the past, but so have terms like "lesbian", "gay", "homosexual" and others. In all those cases, the term has gone from a term used as a self-identifier, to a slur, to a reclaimed slur, and back again many times. The reason for using that word, specifically, here is because the vast majority of people in this story have sexualities or genders that don't match the societal norms of their times, but used labels for themselves that have shifted in meaning over the years. There are at least two men in the story, for example, who are now dead and referred to themselves as "homosexual", but were in multiple long-term sexually-active relationships with women. Would those men now refer to themselves as "bisexual" or "pansexual" -- terms not in widespread use at the time -- or would they, in the relatively more tolerant society we live in now, only have been in same-gender relationships? We can't know. But in our current context using the word "homosexual" for those men would lead to incorrect assumptions about their behaviour. The labels people use change over time, and the definitions of them blur and shift. I have discussed this issue with many, many, friends who fall under the queer umbrella, and while not all of them are comfortable with "queer" as a personal label because of how it's been used against them in the past, there is near-unanimity from them that it's the correct word to use in this situation. Anyway, now that that rather lengthy set of disclaimers is over, let's get into the story proper, as we look at "White Light, White Heat" by the Velvet Underground: [Excerpt: The Velvet Underground, "White Light, White Heat"] And that look will start with... a disclaimer about length. This episode is going to be a long one. Not as long as episode one hundred and fifty, but almost certainly the longest episode I'll do this year, by some way. And there's a reason for that. One of the questions I've been asked repeatedly over the years about the podcast is why almost all the acts I've covered have been extremely commercially successful ones. "Where are the underground bands? The alternative bands? The little niche acts?" The answer to that is simple. Until the mid-sixties, the idea of an underground or alternative band made no sense at all in rock, pop, rock and roll, R&B, or soul. The idea would have been completely counterintuitive to the vast majority of the people we've discussed in the podcast. Those musics were commercial musics, made by people who wanted to make money and to  get the largest audiences possible. That doesn't mean that they had no artistic merit, or that there was no artistic intent behind them, but the artists making that music were *commercial* artists. They knew if they wanted to make another record, they had to sell enough copies of the last record for the record company to make another, and that if they wanted to keep eating, they had to draw enough of an audience to their gigs for promoters to keep booking them. There was no space in this worldview for what we might think of as cult success. If your record only sold a thousand copies, then you had failed in your goal, even if the thousand people who bought your record really loved it. Even less commercially successful artists we've covered to this point, like the Mothers of Invention or Love, were *trying* for commercial success, even if they made the decision not to compromise as much as others do. This started to change a tiny bit in the mid-sixties as the influence of jazz and folk in the US, and the British blues scene, started to be felt in rock music. But this influence, at first, was a one-way thing -- people who had been in the folk and jazz worlds deciding to modify their music to be more commercial. And that was followed by already massively commercial musicians, like the Beatles, taking on some of those influences and bringing their audience with them. But that started to change around the time that "rock" started to differentiate itself from "rock and roll" and "pop", in mid 1967. So in this episode and the next, we're going to look at two bands who in different ways provided a model for how to be an alternative band. Both of them still *wanted* commercial success, but neither achieved it, at least not at first and not in the conventional way. And both, when they started out, went by the name The Warlocks. But we have to take a rather circuitous route to get to this week's band, because we're now properly introducing a strand of music that has been there in the background for a while -- avant-garde art music. So before we go any further, let's have a listen to a thirty-second clip of the most famous piece of avant-garde music ever, and I'll be performing it myself: [Excerpt, Andrew Hickey "4'33 (Cage)"] Obviously that won't give the full effect, you have to listen to the whole piece to get that. That is of course a section of "4'33" by John Cage, a piece of music that is often incorrectly described as being four minutes and thirty three seconds of silence. As I've mentioned before, though, in the episode on "Papa's Got a Brand New Bag", it isn't that at all. The whole point of the piece is that there is no such thing as silence, and it's intended to make the listener appreciate all the normal ambient sounds as music, every bit as much as any piece by Bach or Beethoven. John Cage, the composer of "4'33", is possibly the single most influential avant-garde artist of the mid twentieth century, so as we're properly introducing the ideas of avant-garde music into the story here, we need to talk about him a little. Cage was, from an early age, torn between three great vocations, all of which in some fashion would shape his work for decades to come. One of these was architecture, and for a time he intended to become an architect. Another was the religious ministry, and he very seriously considered becoming a minister as a young man, and religion -- though not the religious faith of his youth -- was to be a massive factor in his work as he grew older. He started studying music from an early age, though he never had any facility as a performer -- though he did, when he discovered the work of Grieg, think that might change. He later said “For a while I played nothing else. I even imagined devoting my life to the performance of his works alone, for they did not seem to me to be too difficult, and I loved them.” [Excerpt: Grieg piano concerto in A minor] But he soon realised that he didn't have some of the basic skills that would be required to be a performer -- he never actually thought of himself as very musical -- and so he decided to move into composition, and he later talked about putting his musical limits to good use in being more inventive. From his very first pieces, Cage was trying to expand the definition of what a performance of a piece of music actually was. One of his friends, Harry Hay, who took part in the first documented performance of a piece by Cage, described how Cage's father, an inventor, had "devised a fluorescent light source over which Sample" -- Don Sample, Cage's boyfriend at the time -- "laid a piece of vellum painted with designs in oils. The blankets I was wearing were white, and a sort of lampshade shone coloured patterns onto me. It looked very good. The thing got so hot the designs began to run, but that only made it better.” Apparently the audience for this light show -- one that predated the light shows used by rock bands by a good thirty years -- were not impressed, though that may be more because the Santa Monica Women's Club in the early 1930s was not the vanguard of the avant-garde. Or maybe it was. Certainly the housewives of Santa Monica seemed more willing than one might expect to sign up for another of Cage's ideas. In 1933 he went door to door asking women if they would be interested in signing up to a lecture course from him on modern art and music. He told them that if they signed up for $2.50, he would give them ten lectures, and somewhere between twenty and forty of them signed up, even though, as he said later, “I explained to the housewives that I didn't know anything about either subject but that I was enthusiastic about both of them. I promised to learn faithfully enough about each subject so as to be able to give a talk an hour long each week.” And he did just that, going to the library every day and spending all week preparing an hour-long talk for them. History does not relate whether he ended these lectures by telling the housewives to tell just one friend about them. He said later “I came out of these lectures, with a devotion to the painting of Mondrian, on the one hand, and the music of Schoenberg on the other.” [Excerpt: Schoenberg, "Ode to Napoleon Buonaparte"] Schoenberg was one of the two most widely-respected composers in the world at that point, the other being Stravinsky, but the two had very different attitudes to composition. Schoenberg's great innovation was the creation and popularisation of the twelve-tone technique, and I should probably explain that a little before I go any further. Most Western music is based on an eight-note scale -- do, re, mi, fa, so, la, ti, do -- with the eighth note being an octave up from the first. So in the key of C major that would be C, D, E, F, G, A, B, C: [demonstrates] And when you hear notes from that scale, if your ears are accustomed to basically any Western music written before about 1920, or any Western popular music written since then, you expect the melody to lead back to C, and you know to expect that because it only uses those notes -- there are differing intervals between them, some having a tone between them and some having a semitone, and you recognise the pattern. But of course there are other notes between the notes of that scale. There are actually an infinite number of these, but in conventional Western music we only look at a few more -- C# (or D flat), D# (or E flat), F# (or G flat), G# (or A flat) and A# (or B flat). If you add in all those notes you get this: [demonstrates] There's no clear beginning or end, no do for it to come back to. And Schoenberg's great innovation, which he was only starting to promote widely around this time, was to insist that all twelve notes should be equal -- his melodies would use all twelve of the notes the exact same number of times, and so if he used say a B flat, he would have to use all eleven other notes before he used B flat again in the piece. This was a radical new idea, but Schoenberg had only started advancing it after first winning great acclaim for earlier pieces, like his "Three Pieces for Piano", a work which wasn't properly twelve-tone, but did try to do without the idea of having any one note be more important than any other: [Excerpt: Schoenberg, "Three Pieces for Piano"] At this point, that work had only been performed in the US by one performer, Richard Buhlig, and hadn't been released as a recording yet. Cage was so eager to hear it that he'd found Buhlig's phone number and called him, asking him to play the piece, but Buhlig put the phone down on him. Now he was doing these lectures, though, he had to do one on Schoenberg, and he wasn't a competent enough pianist to play Schoenberg's pieces himself, and there were still no recordings of them. Cage hitch-hiked from Santa Monica to LA, where Buhlig lived, to try to get him to come and visit his class and play some of Schoenberg's pieces for them. Buhlig wasn't in, and Cage hung around in his garden hoping for him to come back -- he pulled the leaves off a bough from one of Buhlig's trees, going "He'll come back, he won't come back, he'll come back..." and the leaves said he'd be back. Buhlig arrived back at midnight, and quite understandably told the strange twenty-one-year-old who'd spent twelve hours in his garden pulling the leaves off his trees that no, he would not come to Santa Monica and give a free performance. But he did agree that if Cage brought some of his own compositions he'd give them a look over. Buhlig started giving Cage some proper lessons in composition, although he stressed that he was a performer, not a composer. Around this time Cage wrote his Sonata for Clarinet: [Excerpt: John Cage, "Sonata For Clarinet"] Buhlig suggested that Cage send that to Henry Cowell, the composer we heard about in the episode on "Good Vibrations" who was friends with Lev Termen and who created music by playing the strings inside a piano: [Excerpt: Henry Cowell, "Aeolian Harp and Sinister Resonance"] Cowell offered to take Cage on as an assistant, in return for which Cowell would teach him for a semester, as would Adolph Weiss, a pupil of Schoenberg's. But the goal, which Cowell suggested, was always to have Cage study with Schoenberg himself. Schoenberg at first refused, saying that Cage couldn't afford his price, but eventually took Cage on as a student having been assured that he would devote his entire life to music -- a promise Cage kept. Cage started writing pieces for percussion, something that had been very rare up to that point -- only a handful of composers, most notably Edgard Varese, had written pieces for percussion alone, but Cage was: [Excerpt: John Cage, "Trio"] This is often portrayed as a break from the ideals of his teacher Schoenberg, but in fact there's a clear continuity there, once you see what Cage was taking from Schoenberg. Schoenberg's work is, in some senses, about equality, about all notes being equal. Or to put it another way, it's about fairness. About erasing arbitrary distinctions. What Cage was doing was erasing the arbitrary distinction between the more and less prominent instruments. Why should there be pieces for solo violin or string quartet, but not for multiple percussion players? That said, Schoenberg was not exactly the most encouraging of teachers. When Cage invited Schoenberg to go to a concert of Cage's percussion work, Schoenberg told him he was busy that night. When Cage offered to arrange another concert for a date Schoenberg wasn't busy, the reply came "No, I will not be free at any time". Despite this, Cage later said “Schoenberg was a magnificent teacher, who always gave the impression that he was putting us in touch with musical principles,” and said "I literally worshipped him" -- a strong statement from someone who took religious matters as seriously as Cage. Cage was so devoted to Schoenberg's music that when a concert of music by Stravinsky was promoted as "music of the world's greatest living composer", Cage stormed into the promoter's office angrily, confronting the promoter and making it very clear that such things should not be said in the city where Schoenberg lived. Schoenberg clearly didn't think much of Cage's attempts at composition, thinking -- correctly -- that Cage had no ear for harmony. And his reportedly aggressive and confrontational teaching style didn't sit well with Cage -- though it seems very similar to a lot of the teaching techniques of the Zen masters he would later go on to respect. The two eventually parted ways, although Cage always spoke highly of Schoenberg. Schoenberg later gave Cage a compliment of sorts, when asked if any of his students had gone on to do anything interesting. At first he replied that none had, but then he mentioned Cage and said “Of course he's not a composer, but an inventor—of genius.” Cage was at this point very worried if there was any point to being a composer at all. He said later “I'd read Cowell's New Musical Resources and . . . The Theory of Rhythm. I had also read Chavez's Towards a New Music. Both works gave me the feeling that everything that was possible in music had already happened. So I thought I could never compose socially important music. Only if I could invent something new, then would I be useful to society. But that seemed unlikely then.” [Excerpt: John Cage, "Totem Ancestor"] Part of the solution came when he was asked to compose music for an abstract animation by the filmmaker Oskar Fischinger, and also to work as Fischinger's assistant when making the film. He was fascinated by the stop-motion process, and by the results of the film, which he described as "a beautiful film in which these squares, triangles and circles and other things moved and changed colour.” But more than that he was overwhelmed by a comment by Fischinger, who told him “Everything in the world has its own spirit, and this spirit becomes audible by setting it into vibration.” Cage later said “That set me on fire. He started me on a path of exploration of the world around me which has never stopped—of hitting and stretching and scraping and rubbing everything.” Cage now took his ideas further. His compositions for percussion had been about, if you like, giving the underdog a chance -- percussion was always in the background, why should it not be in the spotlight? Now he realised that there were other things getting excluded in conventional music -- the sounds that we characterise as noise. Why should composers work to exclude those sounds, but work to *include* other sounds? Surely that was... well, a little unfair? Eventually this would lead to pieces like his 1952 piece "Water Music", later expanded and retitled "Water Walk", which can be heard here in his 1959 appearance on the TV show "I've Got a Secret".  It's a piece for, amongst other things, a flowerpot full of flowers, a bathtub, a watering can, a pipe, a duck call, a blender full of ice cubes, and five unplugged radios: [Excerpt: John Cage "Water Walk"] As he was now avoiding pitch and harmony as organising principles for his music, he turned to time. But note -- not to rhythm. He said “There's none of this boom, boom, boom, business in my music . . . a measure is taken as a strict measure of time—not a one two three four—which I fill with various sounds.” He came up with a system he referred to as “micro-macrocosmic rhythmic structure,” what we would now call fractals, though that word hadn't yet been invented, where the structure of the whole piece was reflected in the smallest part of it. For a time he started moving away from the term music, preferring to refer to the "art of noise" or to "organised sound" -- though he later received a telegram from Edgard Varese, one of his musical heroes and one of the few other people writing works purely for percussion, asking him not to use that phrase, which Varese used for his own work. After meeting with Varese and his wife, he later became convinced that it was Varese's wife who had initiated the telegram, as she explained to Cage's wife "we didn't want your husband's work confused with my husband's work, any more than you'd want some . . . any artist's work confused with that of a cartoonist.” While there is a humour to Cage's work, I don't really hear much qualitative difference between a Cage piece like the one we just heard and a Varese piece like Ionisation: [Excerpt: Edgard Varese, "Ionisation"] But it was in 1952, the year of "Water Music" that John Cage made his two biggest impacts on the cultural world, though the full force of those impacts wasn't felt for some years. To understand Cage's 1952 work, you first have to understand that he had become heavily influenced by Zen, which at that time was very little known in the Western world. Indeed he had studied with Daisetsu Suzuki, who is credited with introducing Zen to the West, and said later “I didn't study music with just anybody; I studied with Schoenberg, I didn't study Zen with just anybody; I studied with Suzuki. I've always gone, insofar as I could, to the president of the company.” Cage's whole worldview was profoundly affected by Zen, but he was also naturally sympathetic to it, and his work after learning about Zen is mostly a continuation of trends we can already see. In particular, he became convinced that the point of music isn't to communicate anything between two people, rather its point is merely to be experienced. I'm far from an expert on Buddhism, but one way of thinking about its central lessons is that one should experience things as they are, experiencing the thing itself rather than one's thoughts or preconceptions about it. And so at Black Mountain college came Theatre Piece Number 1: [Excerpt: Edith Piaf, "La Vie En Rose" ] In this piece, Cage had set the audience on all sides, so they'd be facing each other. He stood on a stepladder, as colleagues danced in and around the audience, another colleague played the piano, two more took turns to stand on another stepladder to recite poetry, different films and slides were projected, seemingly at random, onto the walls, and the painter Robert Rauschenberg played scratchy Edith Piaf records on a wind-up gramophone. The audience were included in the performance, and it was meant to be experienced as a gestalt, as a whole, to be what we would now call an immersive experience. One of Cage's students around this time was the artist Allan Kaprow, and he would be inspired by Theatre Piece Number 1 to put on several similar events in the late fifties. Those events he called "happenings", because the point of them was that you were meant to experience an event as it was happening rather than bring preconceptions of form and structure to them. Those happenings were the inspiration for events like The 14 Hour Technicolor Dream, and the term "happening" became such an integral part of the counterculture that by 1967 there were comedy films being released about them, including one just called The Happening with a title track by the Supremes that made number one: [Excerpt: The Supremes, "The Happening"] Theatre Piece Number 1 was retrospectively considered the first happening, and as such its influence is incalculable. But one part I didn't mention about Theatre Piece Number 1 is that as well as Rauschenberg playing Edith Piaf's records, he also displayed some of his paintings. These paintings were totally white -- at a glance, they looked like blank canvases, but as one inspected them more clearly, it became apparent that Rauschenberg had painted them with white paint, with visible brushstrokes. These paintings, along with a visit to an anechoic chamber in which Cage discovered that even in total silence one can still hear one's own blood and nervous system, so will never experience total silence, were the final key to something Cage had been working towards -- if music had minimised percussion, and excluded noise, how much more had it excluded silence? As Cage said in 1958 “Curiously enough, the twelve-tone system has no zero in it.” And so came 4'33, the piece that we heard an excerpt of near the start of this episode. That piece was the something new he'd been looking for that could be useful to society. It took the sounds the audience could already hear, and without changing them even slightly gave them a new context and made the audience hear them as they were. Simply by saying "this is music", it caused the ambient noise to be perceived as music. This idea, of recontextualising existing material, was one that had already been done in the art world -- Marcel Duchamp, in 1917, had exhibited a urinal as a sculpture titled "Fountain" -- but even Duchamp had talked about his work as "everyday objects raised to the dignity of a work of art by the artist's act of choice". The artist was *raising* the object to art. What Cage was saying was "the object is already art". This was all massively influential to a young painter who had seen Cage give lectures many times, and while at art school had with friends prepared a piano in the same way Cage did for his own experimental compositions, dampening the strings with different objects. [Excerpt: Dana Gillespie, "Andy Warhol (live)"] Duchamp and Rauschenberg were both big influences on Andy Warhol, but he would say in the early sixties "John Cage is really so responsible for so much that's going on," and would for the rest of his life cite Cage as one of the two or three prime influences of his career. Warhol is a difficult figure to discuss, because his work is very intellectual but he was not very articulate -- which is one reason I've led up to him by discussing Cage in such detail, because Cage was always eager to talk at great length about the theoretical basis of his work, while Warhol would say very few words about anything at all. Probably the person who knew him best was his business partner and collaborator Paul Morrissey, and Morrissey's descriptions of Warhol have shaped my own view of his life, but it's very worth noting that Morrissey is an extremely right-wing moralist who wishes to see a Catholic theocracy imposed to do away with the scourges of sexual immorality, drug use, hedonism, and liberalism, so his view of Warhol, a queer drug using progressive whose worldview seems to have been totally opposed to Morrissey's in every way, might be a little distorted. Warhol came from an impoverished background, and so, as many people who grew up poor do, he was, throughout his life, very eager to make money. He studied art at university, and got decent but not exceptional grades -- he was a competent draughtsman, but not a great one, and most importantly as far as success in the art world goes he didn't have what is known as his own "line" -- with most successful artists, you can look at a handful of lines they've drawn and see something of their own personality in it. You couldn't with Warhol. His drawings looked like mediocre imitations of other people's work. Perfectly competent, but nothing that stood out. So Warhol came up with a technique to make his drawings stand out -- blotting. He would do a normal drawing, then go over it with a lot of wet ink. He'd lower a piece of paper on to the wet drawing, and the new paper would soak up the ink, and that second piece of paper would become the finished work. The lines would be fractured and smeared, broken in places where the ink didn't get picked up, and thick in others where it had pooled. With this mechanical process, Warhol had managed to create an individual style, and he became an extremely successful commercial artist. In the early 1950s photography was still seen as a somewhat low-class way of advertising things. If you wanted to sell to a rich audience, you needed to use drawings or paintings. By 1955 Warhol was making about twelve thousand dollars a year -- somewhere close to a hundred and thirty thousand a year in today's money -- drawing shoes for advertisements. He also had a sideline in doing record covers for people like Count Basie: [Excerpt: Count Basie, "Seventh Avenue Express"] For most of the 1950s he also tried to put on shows of his more serious artistic work -- often with homoerotic themes -- but to little success. The dominant art style of the time was the abstract expressionism of people like Jackson Pollock, whose art was visceral, emotional, and macho. The term "action paintings" which was coined for the work of people like Pollock, sums it up. This was manly art for manly men having manly emotions and expressing them loudly. It was very male and very straight, and even the gay artists who were prominent at the time tended to be very conformist and look down on anything they considered flamboyant or effeminate. Warhol was a rather effeminate, very reserved man, who strongly disliked showing his emotions, and whose tastes ran firmly to the camp. Camp as an aesthetic of finding joy in the flamboyant or trashy, as opposed to merely a descriptive term for men who behaved in a way considered effeminate, was only just starting to be codified at this time -- it wouldn't really become a fully-formed recognisable thing until Susan Sontag's essay "Notes on Camp" in 1964 -- but of course just because something hasn't been recognised doesn't mean it doesn't exist, and Warhol's aesthetic was always very camp, and in the 1950s in the US that was frowned upon even in gay culture, where the mainstream opinion was that the best way to acceptance was through assimilation. Abstract expressionism was all about expressing the self, and that was something Warhol never wanted to do -- in fact he made some pronouncements at times which suggested he didn't think of himself as *having* a self in the conventional sense. The combination of not wanting to express himself and of wanting to work more efficiently as a commercial artist led to some interesting results. For example, he was commissioned in 1957 to do a cover for an album by Moondog, the blind street musician whose name Alan Freed had once stolen: [Excerpt: Moondog, "Gloving It"] For that cover, Warhol got his mother, Julia Warhola, to just write out the liner notes for the album in her rather ornamental cursive script, and that became the front cover, leading to an award for graphic design going that year to "Andy Warhol's mother". (Incidentally, my copy of the current CD issue of that album, complete with Julia Warhola's cover, is put out by Pickwick Records...) But towards the end of the fifties, the work for commercial artists started to dry up. If you wanted to advertise shoes, now, you just took a photo of the shoes rather than get Andy Warhol to draw a picture of them. The money started to disappear, and Warhol started to panic. If there was no room for him in graphic design any more, he had to make his living in the fine arts, which he'd been totally unsuccessful in. But luckily for Warhol, there was a new movement that was starting to form -- Pop Art. Pop Art started in England, and had originally been intended, at least in part, as a critique of American consumerist capitalism. Pieces like "Just what is it that makes today's homes so different, so appealing?" by Richard Hamilton (who went on to design the Beatles' White Album cover) are collages of found images, almost all from American sources, recontextualised and juxtaposed in interesting ways, so a bodybuilder poses in a room that's taken from an advert in Ladies' Home Journal, while on the wall, instead of a painting, hangs a blown-up cover of a Jack Kirby romance comic. Pop Art changed slightly when it got taken up in America, and there it became something rather different, something closer to Duchamp, taking those found images and displaying them as art with no juxtaposition. Where Richard Hamilton created collage art which *showed* a comic cover by Jack Kirby as a painting in the background, Roy Lichtenstein would take a panel of comic art by Kirby, or Russ Heath or Irv Novick or a dozen other comic artists, and redraw it at the size of a normal painting. So Warhol took Cage's idea that the object is already art, and brought that into painting, starting by doing paintings of Campbell's soup cans, in which he tried as far as possible to make the cans look exactly like actual soup cans. The paintings were controversial, inciting fury in some and laughter in others and causing almost everyone to question whether they were art. Warhol would embrace an aesthetic in which things considered unimportant or trash or pop culture detritus were the greatest art of all. For example pretty much every profile of him written in the mid sixties talks about him obsessively playing "Sally Go Round the Roses", a girl-group single by the one-hit wonders the Jaynettes: [Excerpt: The Jaynettes, "Sally Go Round the Roses"] After his paintings of Campbell's soup cans, and some rather controversial but less commercially successful paintings of photographs of horrors and catastrophes taken from newspapers, Warhol abandoned painting in the conventional sense altogether, instead creating brightly coloured screen prints -- a form of stencilling -- based on photographs of celebrities like Elvis Presley, Elizabeth Taylor and, most famously, Marilyn Monroe. That way he could produce images which could be mass-produced, without his active involvement, and which supposedly had none of his personality in them, though of course his personality pervades the work anyway. He put on exhibitions of wooden boxes, silk-screen printed to look exactly like shipping cartons of Brillo pads. Images we see everywhere -- in newspapers, in supermarkets -- were art. And Warhol even briefly formed a band. The Druds were a garage band formed to play at a show at the Washington Gallery of Modern Art, the opening night of an exhibition that featured a silkscreen by Warhol of 210 identical bottles of Coca-Cola, as well as paintings by Rauschenberg and others. That opening night featured a happening by Claes Oldenburg, and a performance by Cage -- Cage gave a live lecture while three recordings of his own voice also played. The Druds were also meant to perform, but they fell apart after only a few rehearsals. Some recordings apparently exist, but they don't seem to circulate, but they'd be fascinating to hear as almost the entire band were non-musician artists like Warhol, Jasper Johns, and the sculptor Walter de Maria. Warhol said of the group “It didn't go too well, but if we had just stayed on it it would have been great.” On the other hand, the one actual musician in the group said “It was kind of ridiculous, so I quit after the second rehearsal". That musician was La Monte Young: [Excerpt: La Monte Young, "The Well-Tuned Piano"] That's an excerpt from what is generally considered Young's masterwork, "The Well-Tuned Piano". It's six and a half hours long. If Warhol is a difficult figure to write about, Young is almost impossible. He's a musician with a career stretching sixty years, who is arguably the most influential musician from the classical tradition in that time period. He's generally considered the father of minimalism, and he's also been called by Brian Eno "the daddy of us all" -- without Young you simply *do not* get art rock at all. Without Young there is no Velvet Underground, no David Bowie, no Eno, no New York punk scene, no Yoko Ono. Anywhere that the fine arts or conceptual art have intersected with popular music in the last fifty or more years has been influenced in one way or another by Young's work. BUT... he only rarely publishes his scores. He very, very rarely allows recordings of his work to be released -- there are four recordings on his bandcamp, plus a handful of recordings of his older, published, pieces, and very little else. He doesn't allow his music to be performed live without his supervision. There *are* bootleg recordings of his music, but even those are not easily obtainable -- Young is vigorous in enforcing his copyrights and issues takedown notices against anywhere that hosts them. So other than that handful of legitimately available recordings -- plus a recording by Young's Theater of Eternal Music, the legality of which is still disputed, and an off-air recording of a 1971 radio programme I've managed to track down, the only way to experience Young's music unless you're willing to travel to one of his rare live performances or installations is second-hand, by reading about it. Except that the one book that deals solely with Young and his music is not only a dense and difficult book to read, it's also one that Young vehemently disagreed with and considered extremely inaccurate, to the point he refused to allow permissions to quote his work in the book. Young did apparently prepare a list of corrections for the book, but he wouldn't tell the author what they were without payment. So please assume that anything I say about Young is wrong, but also accept that the short section of this episode about Young has required more work to *try* to get it right than pretty much anything else this year. Young's musical career actually started out in a relatively straightforward manner. He didn't grow up in the most loving of homes -- he's talked about his father beating him as a child because he had been told that young La Monte was clever -- but his father did buy him a saxophone and teach him the rudiments of the instrument, and as a child he was most influenced by the music of the big band saxophone player Jimmy Dorsey: [Excerpt: Jimmy Dorsey, “It's the Dreamer in Me”] The family, who were Mormon farmers, relocated several times in Young's childhood, from Idaho first to California and then to Utah, but everywhere they went La Monte seemed to find musical inspiration, whether from an uncle who had been part of the Kansas City jazz scene, a classmate who was a musical prodigy who had played with Perez Prado in his early teens, or a teacher who took the class to see a performance of Bartok's Concerto for Orchestra: [Excerpt: Bartok, "Concerto for Orchestra"] After leaving high school, Young went to Los Angeles City College to study music under Leonard Stein, who had been Schoenberg's assistant when Schoenberg had taught at UCLA, and there he became part of the thriving jazz scene based around Central Avenue, studying and performing with musicians like Ornette Coleman, Don Cherry, and Eric Dolphy -- Young once beat Dolphy in an audition for a place in the City College dance band, and the two would apparently substitute for each other on their regular gigs when one couldn't make it. During this time, Young's musical tastes became much more adventurous. He was a particular fan of the work of John Coltrane, and also got inspired by City of Glass, an album by Stan Kenton that attempted to combine jazz and modern classical music: [Excerpt: Stan Kenton's Innovations Orchestra, "City of Glass: The Structures"] His other major musical discovery in the mid-fifties was one we've talked about on several previous occasions -- the album Music of India, Morning and Evening Ragas by Ali Akhbar Khan: [Excerpt: Ali Akhbar Khan, "Rag Sindhi Bhairavi"] Young's music at this point was becoming increasingly modal, and equally influenced by the blues and Indian music. But he was also becoming interested in serialism. Serialism is an extension and generalisation of twelve-tone music, inspired by mathematical set theory. In serialism, you choose a set of musical elements -- in twelve-tone music that's the twelve notes in the twelve-tone scale, but it can also be a set of tonal relations, a chord, or any other set of elements. You then define all the possible ways you can permute those elements, a defined set of operations you can perform on them -- so you could play a scale forwards, play it backwards, play all the notes in the scale simultaneously, and so on. You then go through all the possible permutations, exactly once, and that's your piece of music. Young was particularly influenced by the works of Anton Webern, one of the earliest serialists: [Excerpt: Anton Webern, "Cantata number 1 for Soprano, Mixed Chorus, and Orchestra"] That piece we just heard, Webern's "Cantata number 1", was the subject of some of the earliest theoretical discussion of serialism, and in particular led to some discussion of the next step on from serialism. If serialism was all about going through every single permutation of a set, what if you *didn't* permute every element? There was a lot of discussion in the late fifties in music-theoretical circles about the idea of invariance. Normally in music, the interesting thing is what gets changed. To use a very simple example, you might change a melody from a major key to a minor one to make it sound sadder. What theorists at this point were starting to discuss is what happens if you leave something the same, but change the surrounding context, so the thing you *don't* vary sounds different because of the changed context. And going further, what if you don't change the context at all, and merely *imply* a changed context? These ideas were some of those which inspired Young's first major work, his Trio For Strings from 1958, a complex, palindromic, serial piece which is now credited as the first work of minimalism, because the notes in it change so infrequently: [Excerpt: La Monte Young, "Trio for Strings"] Though I should point out that Young never considers his works truly finished, and constantly rewrites them, and what we just heard is an excerpt from the only recording of the trio ever officially released, which is of the 2015 version. So I can't state for certain how close what we just heard is to the piece he wrote in 1958, except that it sounds very like the written descriptions of it I've read. After writing the Trio For Strings, Young moved to Germany to study with the modernist composer Karlheinz Stockhausen. While studying with Stockhausen, he became interested in the work of John Cage, and started up a correspondence with Cage. On his return to New York he studied with Cage and started writing pieces inspired by Cage, of which the most musical is probably Composition 1960 #7: [Excerpt: La Monte Young, "Composition 1960 #7"] The score for that piece is a stave on which is drawn a treble clef, the notes B and F#, and the words "To be held for a long Time". Other of his compositions from 1960 -- which are among the few of his compositions which have been published -- include composition 1960 #10 ("To Bob Morris"), the score for which is just the instruction "Draw a straight line and follow it.", and Piano Piece for David  Tudor #1, the score for which reads "Bring a bale of hay and a bucket of water onto the stage for the piano to eat and drink. The performer may then feed the piano or leave it to eat by itself. If the former, the piece is over after the piano has been fed. If the latter, it is over after the piano eats or decides not to". Most of these compositions were performed as part of a loose New York art collective called Fluxus, all of whom were influenced by Cage and the Dadaists. This collective, led by George Maciunas, sometimes involved Cage himself, but also involved people like Henry Flynt, the inventor of conceptual art, who later became a campaigner against art itself, and who also much to Young's bemusement abandoned abstract music in the mid-sixties to form a garage band with Walter de Maria (who had played drums with the Druds): [Excerpt: Henry Flynt and the Insurrections, "I Don't Wanna"] Much of Young's work was performed at Fluxus concerts given in a New York loft belonging to another member of the collective, Yoko Ono, who co-curated the concerts with Young. One of Ono's mid-sixties pieces, her "Four Pieces for Orchestra" is dedicated to Young, and consists of such instructions as "Count all the stars of that night by heart. The piece ends when all the orchestra members finish counting the stars, or when it dawns. This can be done with windows instead of stars." But while these conceptual ideas remained a huge part of Young's thinking, he soon became interested in two other ideas. The first was the idea of just intonation -- tuning instruments and voices to perfect harmonics, rather than using the subtly-off tuning that is used in Western music. I'm sure I've explained that before in a previous episode, but to put it simply when you're tuning an instrument with fixed pitches like a piano, you have a choice -- you can either tune it so that the notes in one key are perfectly in tune with each other, but then when you change key things go very out of tune, or you can choose to make *everything* a tiny bit, almost unnoticeably, out of tune, but equally so. For the last several hundred years, musicians as a community have chosen the latter course, which was among other things promoted by Bach's Well-Tempered Clavier, a collection of compositions which shows how the different keys work together: [Excerpt: Bach (Glenn Gould), "The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book II: Fugue in F-sharp minor, BWV 883"] Young, by contrast, has his own esoteric tuning system, which he uses in his own work The Well-Tuned Piano: [Excerpt: La Monte Young, "The Well-Tuned Piano"] The other idea that Young took on was from Indian music, the idea of the drone. One of the four recordings of Young's music that is available from his Bandcamp, a 1982 recording titled The Tamburas of Pandit Pran Nath, consists of one hour, thirteen minutes, and fifty-eight seconds of this: [Excerpt: La Monte Young, "The Tamburas of Pandit Pran Nath"] Yes, I have listened to the whole piece. No, nothing else happens. The minimalist composer Terry Riley describes the recording as "a singularly rare contribution that far outshines any other attempts to capture this instrument in recorded media". In 1962, Young started writing pieces based on what he called the "dream chord", a chord consisting of a root, fourth, sharpened fourth, and fifth: [dream chord] That chord had already appeared in his Trio for Strings, but now it would become the focus of much of his work, in pieces like his 1962 piece The Second Dream of the High-Tension Line Stepdown Transformer, heard here in a 1982 revision: [Excerpt: La Monte Young, "The Second Dream of the High-Tension Line Stepdown Transformer"] That was part of a series of works titled The Four Dreams of China, and Young began to plan an installation work titled Dream House, which would eventually be created, and which currently exists in Tribeca, New York, where it's been in continuous "performance" for thirty years -- and which consists of thirty-two different pure sine wave tones all played continuously, plus purple lighting by Young's wife Marian Zazeela. But as an initial step towards creating this, Young formed a collective called Theatre of Eternal Music, which some of the members -- though never Young himself -- always claim also went by the alternative name The Dream Syndicate. According to John Cale, a member of the group, that name came about because the group tuned their instruments to the 60hz hum of the fridge in Young's apartment, which Cale called "the key of Western civilisation". According to Cale, that meant the fundamental of the chords they played was 10hz, the frequency of alpha waves when dreaming -- hence the name. The group initially consisted of Young, Zazeela, the photographer Billy Name, and percussionist Angus MacLise, but by this recording in 1964 the lineup was Young, Zazeela, MacLise, Tony Conrad and John Cale: [Excerpt: "Cale, Conrad, Maclise, Young, Zazeela - The Dream Syndicate 2 IV 64-4"] That recording, like any others that have leaked by the 1960s version of the Theatre of Eternal Music or Dream Syndicate, is of disputed legality, because Young and Zazeela claim to this day that what the group performed were La Monte Young's compositions, while the other two surviving members, Cale and Conrad, claim that their performances were improvisational collaborations and should be equally credited to all the members, and so there have been lawsuits and countersuits any time anyone has released the recordings. John Cale, the youngest member of the group, was also the only one who wasn't American. He'd been born in Wales in 1942, and had had the kind of childhood that, in retrospect, seems guaranteed to lead to eccentricity. He was the product of a mixed-language marriage -- his father, William, was an English speaker while his mother, Margaret, spoke Welsh, but the couple had moved in on their marriage with Margaret's mother, who insisted that only Welsh could be spoken in her house. William didn't speak Welsh, and while he eventually picked up the basics from spending all his life surrounded by Welsh-speakers, he refused on principle to capitulate to his mother-in-law, and so remained silent in the house. John, meanwhile, grew up a monolingual Welsh speaker, and didn't start to learn English until he went to school when he was seven, and so couldn't speak to his father until then even though they lived together. Young John was extremely unwell for most of his childhood, both physically -- he had bronchial problems for which he had to take a cough mixture that was largely opium to help him sleep at night -- and mentally. He was hospitalised when he was sixteen with what was at first thought to be meningitis, but turned out to be a psychosomatic condition, the result of what he has described as a nervous breakdown. That breakdown is probably connected to the fact that during his teenage years he was sexually assaulted by two adults in positions of authority -- a vicar and a music teacher -- and felt unable to talk to anyone about this. He was, though, a child prodigy and was playing viola with the National Youth Orchestra of Wales from the age of thirteen, and listening to music by Schoenberg, Webern, and Stravinsky. He was so talented a multi-instrumentalist that at school he was the only person other than one of the music teachers and the headmaster who was allowed to use the piano -- which led to a prank on his very last day at school. The headmaster would, on the last day, hit a low G on the piano to cue the assembly to stand up, and Cale had placed a comb on the string, muting it and stopping the note from sounding -- in much the same way that his near-namesake John Cage was "preparing" pianos for his own compositions in the USA. Cale went on to Goldsmith's College to study music and composition, under Humphrey Searle, one of Britain's greatest proponents of serialism who had himself studied under Webern. Cale's main instrument was the viola, but he insisted on also playing pieces written for the violin, because they required more technical skill. For his final exam he chose to play Hindemith's notoriously difficult Viola Sonata: [Excerpt: Hindemith Viola Sonata] While at Goldsmith's, Cale became friendly with Cornelius Cardew, a composer and cellist who had studied with Stockhausen and at the time was a great admirer of and advocate for the works of Cage and Young (though by the mid-seventies Cardew rejected their work as counter-revolutionary bourgeois imperialism). Through Cardew, Cale started to correspond with Cage, and with George Maciunas and other members of Fluxus. In July 1963, just after he'd finished his studies at Goldsmith's, Cale presented a festival there consisting of an afternoon and an evening show. These shows included the first British performances of several works including Cardew's Autumn '60 for Orchestra -- a piece in which the musicians were given blank staves on which to write whatever part they wanted to play, but a separate set of instructions in *how* to play the parts they'd written. Another piece Cale presented in its British premiere at that show was Cage's "Concerto for Piano and Orchestra": [Excerpt: John Cage, "Concerto for Piano and Orchestra"] In the evening show, they performed Two Pieces For String Quartet by George Brecht (in which the musicians polish their instruments with dusters, making scraping sounds as they clean them),  and two new pieces by Cale, one of which involved a plant being put on the stage, and then the performer, Robin Page, screaming from the balcony at the plant that it would die, then running down, through the audience, and onto the stage, screaming abuse and threats at the plant. The final piece in the show was a performance by Cale (the first one in Britain) of La Monte Young's "X For Henry Flynt". For this piece, Cale put his hands together and then smashed both his arms onto the keyboard as hard as he could, over and over. After five minutes some of the audience stormed the stage and tried to drag the piano away from him. Cale followed the piano on his knees, continuing to bang the keys, and eventually the audience gave up in defeat and Cale the performer won. After this Cale moved to the USA, to further study composition, this time with Iannis Xenakis, the modernist composer who had also taught Mickey Baker orchestration after Baker left Mickey and Sylvia, and who composed such works as "Orient Occident": [Excerpt: Iannis Xenakis, "Orient Occident"] Cale had been recommended to Xenakis as a student by Aaron Copland, who thought the young man was probably a genius. But Cale's musical ambitions were rather too great for Tanglewood, Massachusetts -- he discovered that the institute had eighty-eight pianos, the same number as there are keys on a piano keyboard, and thought it would be great if for a piece he could take all eighty-eight pianos, put them all on different boats, sail the boats out onto a lake, and have eighty-eight different musicians each play one note on each piano, while the boats sank with the pianos on board. For some reason, Cale wasn't allowed to perform this composition, and instead had to make do with one where he pulled an axe out of a single piano and slammed it down on a table. Hardly the same, I'm sure you'll agree. From Tanglewood, Cale moved on to New York, where he soon became part of the artistic circles surrounding John Cage and La Monte Young. It was at this time that he joined Young's Theatre of Eternal Music, and also took part in a performance with Cage that would get Cale his first television exposure: [Excerpt: John Cale playing Erik Satie's "Vexations" on "I've Got a Secret"] That's Cale playing through "Vexations", a piece by Erik Satie that wasn't published until after Satie's death, and that remained in obscurity until Cage popularised -- if that's the word -- the piece. The piece, which Cage had found while studying Satie's notes, seems to be written as an exercise and has the inscription (in French) "In order to play the motif 840 times in succession, it would be advisable to prepare oneself beforehand, and in the deepest silence, by serious immobilities." Cage interpreted that, possibly correctly, as an instruction that the piece should be played eight hundred and forty times straight through, and so he put together a performance of the piece, the first one ever, by a group he called the Pocket Theatre Piano Relay Team, which included Cage himself, Cale, Joshua Rifkin, and several other notable musical figures, who took it in turns playing the piece. For that performance, which ended up lasting eighteen hours, there was an entry fee of five dollars, and there was a time-clock in the lobby. Audience members punched in and punched out, and got a refund of five cents for every twenty minutes they'd spent listening to the music. Supposedly, at the end, one audience member yelled "Encore!" A week later, Cale appeared on "I've Got a Secret", a popular game-show in which celebrities tried to guess people's secrets (and which is where that performance of Cage's "Water Walk" we heard earlier comes from): [Excerpt: John Cale on I've Got a Secret] For a while, Cale lived with a friend of La Monte Young's, Terry Jennings, before moving in to a flat with Tony Conrad, one of the other members of the Theatre of Eternal Music. Angus MacLise lived in another flat in the same building. As there was not much money to be made in avant-garde music, Cale also worked in a bookshop -- a job Cage had found him -- and had a sideline in dealing drugs. But rents were so cheap at this time that Cale and Conrad only had to work part-time, and could spend much of their time working on the music they were making with Young. Both were string players -- Conrad violin, Cale viola -- and they soon modified their instruments. Conrad merely attached pickups to his so it could be amplified, but Cale went much further. He filed down the viola's bridge so he could play three strings at once, and he replaced the normal viola strings with thicker, heavier, guitar and mandolin strings. This created a sound so loud that it sounded like a distorted electric guitar -- though in late 1963 and early 1964 there were very few people who even knew what a distorted guitar sounded like. Cale and Conrad were also starting to become interested in rock and roll music, to which neither of them had previously paid much attention, because John Cage's music had taught them to listen for music in sounds they previously dismissed. In particular, Cale became fascinated with the harmonies of the Everly Brothers, hearing in them the same just intonation that Young advocated for: [Excerpt: The Everly Brothers, "All I Have to Do is Dream"] And it was with this newfound interest in rock and roll that Cale and Conrad suddenly found themselves members of a manufactured pop band. The two men had been invited to a party on the Lower East Side, and there they'd been introduced to Terry Phillips of Pickwick Records. Phillips had seen their long hair and asked if they were musicians, so they'd answered "yes". He asked if they were in a band, and they said yes. He asked if that band had a drummer, and again they said yes. By this point they realised that he had assumed they were rock guitarists, rather than experimental avant-garde string players, but they decided to play along and see where this was going. Phillips told them that if they brought along their drummer to Pickwick's studios the next day, he had a job for them. The two of them went along with Walter de Maria, who did play the drums a little in between his conceptual art work, and there they were played a record: [Excerpt: The Primitives, "The Ostrich"] It was explained to them that Pickwick made knock-off records -- soundalikes of big hits, and their own records in the style of those hits, all played by a bunch of session musicians and put out under different band names. This one, by "the Primitives", they thought had a shot at being an actual hit, even though it was a dance-craze song about a dance where one partner lays on the floor and the other stamps on their head. But if it was going to be a hit, they needed an actual band to go out and perform it, backing the singer. How would Cale, Conrad, and de Maria like to be three quarters of the Primitives? It sounded fun, but of course they weren't actually guitarists. But as it turned out, that wasn't going to be a problem. They were told that the guitars on the track had all been tuned to one note -- not even to an open chord, like we talked about Steve Cropper doing last episode, but all the strings to one note. Cale and Conrad were astonished -- that was exactly the kind of thing they'd been doing in their drone experiments with La Monte Young. Who was this person who was independently inventing the most advanced ideas in experimental music but applying them to pop songs? And that was how they met Lou Reed: [Excerpt: The Primitives, "The Ostrich"] Where Cale and Conrad were avant-gardeists who had only just started paying attention to rock and roll music, rock and roll was in Lou Reed's blood, but there were a few striking similarities between him and Cale, even though at a glance their backgrounds could not have seemed more different. Reed had been brought up in a comfortably middle-class home in Long Island, but despised the suburban conformity that surrounded him from a very early age, and by his teens was starting to rebel against it very strongly. According to one classmate “Lou was always more advanced than the rest of us. The drinking age was eighteen back then, so we all started drinking at around sixteen. We were drinking quarts of beer, but Lou was smoking joints. He didn't do that in front of many people, but I knew he was doing it. While we were looking at girls in Playboy, Lou was reading Story of O. He was reading the Marquis de Sade, stuff that I wouldn't even have thought about or known how to find.” But one way in which Reed was a typical teenager of the period was his love for rock and roll, especially doo-wop. He'd got himself a guitar, but only had one lesson -- according to the story he would tell on numerous occasions, he turned up with a copy of "Blue Suede Shoes" and told the teacher he only wanted to know how to play the chords for that, and he'd work out the rest himself. Reed and two schoolfriends, Alan Walters and Phil Harris, put together a doo-wop trio they called The Shades, because they wore sunglasses, and a neighbour introduced them to Bob Shad, who had been an A&R man for Mercury Records and was starting his own new label. He renamed them the Jades and took them into the studio with some of the best New York session players, and at fourteen years old Lou Reed was writing songs and singing them backed by Mickey Baker and King Curtis: [Excerpt: The Jades, "Leave Her For Me"] Sadly the Jades' single was a flop -- the closest it came to success was being played on Murray the K's radio show, but on a day when Murray the K was off ill and someone else was filling in for him, much to Reed's disappointment. Phil Harris, the lead singer of the group, got to record some solo sessions after that, but the Jades split up and it would be several years before Reed made any more records. Partly this was because of Reed's mental health, and here's where things get disputed and rather messy. What we know is that in his late teens, just after he'd gone off to New

Tom & Bill are back with their friend Tim to discuss golf and podcasting. Check out Tim's work on The Bassline podcast & TEW reviews on YouTube. Thanks for listening! 

Senior Security Researcher and intel analysis lead for cybercrime Tim Mitchell will discuss how ransomware-as-a-service (RaaS) has significantly lowered the bar to entry for cybercriminals. As a result, the scale of ransomware operations has expanded, allowing cybercrime groups and their affiliates to exploit more networks resulting in higher revenue. Expertise has also improved as each element of the process has become specialized, making ransomware the formidable threat it is today.

Cymene and Dominic relate tales from their harrowing weekend of having to deal with the absence of Henry Rollins in Black Flag and the presence of an active shooter down the block. Then (15:35) we welcome Harvard's own Victor Seow to the podcast to discuss his remarkable book, Carbon Technocracy: Energy Regimes in Modern East Asia (U Chicago Press, 2022). We start with how studying labor migration in Manchuria first led him to the largest open coal mine in Asia, Fushun—now a pit with three times  the excavated material of the Panama Canal—whose story became the crux of the book. We talk about Victor's engagement with Tim Mitchell's concept of “carbon democracy” and how some of Mitchell's ideas about energy and politics were anticipated by Japanese administrators during their occupation of Manchuria. That gets us to chatting about the mechanization and automation of coal mining as a technopolitical responses aimed at managing potentially unruly coal miners. We cover the rise of petropolitics in the coal belt and the idea that coal could be made to serve the purposes of oil. We discuss the enduring allure of technocracy today as well as Victor's observation that technocracies seldom achieve what they set out to achieve. What is a world in a mine? Is there such a thing as carbomelancholia among coal miners? Why does modern energy fear scarcity? These questions answered and more on today's episode!

Soundman Jim and Mark explore the neoconservative ideology and its role in current US foreign policy. Missoula doctors Lauren Wilson and Tim Mitchell explain their views on LR-131, the seriously misleading named "Born-Alive Protection Act," which appears on the Montana election ballot this fall. We also look at recent significant events in the Ukraine War. And we talk about why some governments have refused to order hospitals to create safe ventilation in their buildings during the COVID-19 pandemic. For more information on LR-131: https://nolr131.org

Patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) often have a sensitive and painful knee, and are reluctant to use or exercise it, feeling that it'll just further “wear out” the joint. In this podcast with Dr JP Caneiro (Specialist Sports Physiotherapist, PhD) you'll discover how to assess and rehabilitate knee OA patients, including: Subjective questions you need to ask knee OA patients. How to use your subjective assessment to identify tests to perform in your objective assessment. How to identify patient fears and negative beliefs that will interfere with rehab and limit progress. Objective assessment tests you need to perform. How to differentially diagnose knee OA from other causes of knee pain. How to assess patients' functional ability. How to use palpation in your assessment of knee OA. Where to start your treatment. What to do if your patient is performing knee exercises and their pain is not improving, or getting worse. How to break through negative patient beliefs so you can get your patient on the road to better knee health, movement and pain. Enjoy this podcast with Dr JP Caneiro, hosted by David Pope and Clinical Edge now to improve your treatment of knee OA. Links Dr JP Caneiro on Twitter David Pope on Twitter Improve your musculoskeletal and sports injury assessment & treatment results with a free trial Clinical Edge membership Explain acute and persistent pain to your patients, without giving them the message “It's all in your head” with the Making sense of pain training module Comprehensive low back pain assessment & treatment training module David Pope at Clinical Edge Dr JP Caneiro at Body Logic Dr JP Caneiro on ResearchGate Related podcasts How to choose exercises that improve patients pain with David Toomey Cervical radiculopathy, central sensitisation, achilles tendinopathy, hip & groin pain, and strength testing with Paula Peralta, Simon Olivotto, Nick Kendrick & David Toomey Strength training & treating knee osteoarthritis with Dr Claire Minshull "Sore but not stuffed" - understanding and explaining your patients pain with Dr Tim Mitchell and Dr Darren Beales

Doug and Tom founded Tri Pointe Homes at the height of the 2008 recession. Their focus on design, innovation, and their premium lifestyle brand has lead to inspiring success. Hear Doug and Tom's story today on the inspirational leadership podcast.     »Get housing industry news & updates: https://bit.ly/ZondaNews »Learn more: https://www.zondahome.com »Follow us on LinkedIn: https://bit.ly/ZondaHomeLI »Follow us on Facebook: https://bit.ly/ZondaHomeFB »Follow us on Twitter: https://bit.ly/ZondaHomeTW »Follow us on Instagram: https://bit.ly/ZondaHomeIG   About Zonda Zonda provides data-driven housing market solutions to the homebuilding and multifamily industries. From builders to building product manufacturers, mortgage clients, and multifamily executives, we work hand-in-hand with our customers to streamline access to housing data to empower smarter decisions. As a leading brand in residential construction, our mission is to advance the home building industry, because we believe better homes mean better lives and stronger communities. Together, we are building the future of housing.

A new MP3 sermon from Bath Road Baptist Church is now available on SermonAudio with the following details: Title: Knowing The Fullness Of Blessing Speaker: Tim Mitchell Broadcaster: Bath Road Baptist Church Event: Sunday - PM Date: 9/18/2022 Bible: Ephesians 1:15-18 Length: 40 min.

A new MP3 sermon from Bath Road Baptist Church is now available on SermonAudio with the following details: Title: The Imperishable Seed Speaker: Tim Mitchell Broadcaster: Bath Road Baptist Church Event: Sunday - AM Date: 9/11/2022 Bible: 1 Peter 1:23-25 Length: 53 min.

This week Jeff and Harrison are joined by Tim Mitchell from Guardian Properties and My Maine Adventure. We discuss the rental market, how the short-term rental season has been, and what short-term rental owners should be thinking about as the summer season nears the end. The conversation covers what's happening around town and an update on the latest news and trends in the real estate market.

In this episode with Dr Tim Mitchell, we discuss the nuance around diagnosis and when it is helpful and when it isn't. We also covered how to actually articulate this to patients when they may want a diagnosis or if it's important to them.Tim is a Specialist Physiotherapist with a clinical focus on the management of complex and chronic injuries and pain disorders. He has completed a PhD in the area of low back pain and has a special interest in the translation of logical reasoning into clinical practice.Tim recently did a very interesting Masterclass with us on “A framework for optimising the patient interview & clinical outcomes”. You can watch his whole class now with our 7-day free trial: https://www.physio-network.com/masterclass/a-framework-for-optimising-the-patient-interview-clinical-outcomes/Our host is Michael Rizk from Physio Network and iMoveU: https://cutt.ly/ojJEMZs 

Patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) often believe their knee is “bone on bone”, exercises will wear out their knee more and they just need a knee replacement. This narrative can make it difficult to motivate your patients to perform knee rehab exercises that have the potential to improve their pain, function and quality of life. How can you shift the narrative, educate your patients with knee OA so they “buy in” and perform an effective knee rehab program, and get better results with your treatment? In this podcast with Dr JP Caneiro you'll discover: How to start your patient on a rehab program when they have fear avoidance, and don't want to exercise. How to help patients have a positive response to your treatment, experiencing better movement, function or pain with exercise and movement. How to encourage your patient to share their narrative and perspective, so you can start addressing this with your treatment. How to accurately describe OA to your patients and provide a positive narrative. How to help patients recognise load and lifestyle factors that are influencing their pain and movement. How to modify patients' unhelpful behaviours and integrate new movement strategies into daily activities. How to manage flareups and provide patients with self-management strategies. Enjoy this podcast with Dr JP Caneiro and hosted by David Pope and Clinical Edge now to improve your treatment of knee OA. Links Dr JP Caneiro on Twitter David Pope on Twitter Improve your musculoskeletal and sports injury assessment & treatment results with a free trial Clinical Edge membership Explain acute and persistent pain to your patients, without giving them the message “It's all in your head” with the Making sense of pain training module Comprehensive low back pain assessment & treatment training module David Pope at Clinical Edge Dr JP Caneiro at Body Logic Dr JP Caneiro on ResearchGate Related podcasts How to choose exercises that improve patients pain with David Toomey Cervical radiculopathy, central sensitisation, achilles tendinopathy, hip & groin pain, and strength testing with Paula Peralta, Simon Olivotto, Nick Kendrick & David Toomey Strength training & treating knee osteoarthritis with Dr Claire Minshull "Sore but not stuffed" - understanding and explaining your patients pain with Dr Tim Mitchell and Dr Darren Beales

See pictures and read more on materiallyspeaking.comon form is an exhibition of sculptures in stone held every other summer at Asthall Manor, Oxfordshire. Discover what goes on during its installation.Creative director, Rosie Pearson tells us about the finials by Anthony Turner on her gateposts which she commissioned in 2000, and how these sowed the seeds for creating on form.We hear from the curator, Anna Greenacre, about how she and Rosie choose artists through studio visits, then work alongside them to select pieces for the exhibition. She describes how her master wall-planner acts as a powerful tool in helping to place sculptures to their best advantage in the garden.In this episode you'll hear some of the sculptors sharing their thoughts about what they love about working with stone and what work they are presenting at on form this year.on form is created with love and encourages visitors to wander and absorb the beauty of the sculpture and know that there is no need to understand what it means, just enjoy it.Resident animals, with bags of character, include Lovage, the not-quite Jack Russell and Ziggy the cat with a half black, half white face.In the weeks before opening, the sculptors descend in groups to install their work, many staying a few nights in the beautiful house and creating a core team to help other sculptors unpack and place their work. We recorded this podcast when installation was in full swing and share the behind-the-scenes stories of how the community of artists, staff, gardeners – and even neighbours with tractors – all played their part.Rosie considers herself a custodian of the 18 acres of nature and is committed to biodiversity. She works with ecologist Tim Mitchell, who is running the walled garden as a food-share scheme: ‘some for the birds, some for the bugs and some for us'.We also hear from head gardener, Owen Vaughan, who brings to perfect readiness the 100% organic garden, originally designed and planted by Isabel and Julian Bannerman in 1998, for the four long weekends of on form.The 2022 exhibition of on form runs from 12 June to 10 July – open Wednesday to Sundays (closed Monday and Tuesday) – book tickets online.onformsculpture.co.ukinstagram.com/on_form_sculptureThanks to all the contributors to this programme: Rosie Pearson, creative director Anna Greenacre, curator Owen Vaughan, head gardener Deandra Barrett, administrative assistant Annie Taylor, Rosie's daughter Thanks to the sculptors: Sergio Baroni Rob Good Lotte Thuenker Jason Mulligan Richard Perry Christine Madies Jaya Schuerch Mark Stonestreet Ben Russell CreditsSound edit and design: Mike AxinnMusic: licensed from Epidemic Sound I Will Hold Onto You (instrumental version), Garden Friend

In episode 37, I am joined by Tim Mitchell, who is the head of Digital Transformation at Flux Labs and is part of the Mail and Guardian Top 200 Young South Africans in Science & Technology.Tim and I discuss the power of digital transformation, and how entrepreneurs can use it to build their people and businesses.Please like, share and subscribe! #Impactco #DigitalTransformation #Entrepreneurship

This week Jeff & Danni speak with Tim Mitchell from Guardian Properties about Property Management and the diverse services offered. Additionally, they respond to your questions and share tips on preparing your home for sale.

This is the fourth and final part of an ongoing series on the theme of LGBTQ+ people in surgery. Building on the themes introduced in the previous episodes, Ginny Bowbrick, consultant vascular surgeon, and Chloe Scott, consultant orthopaedic surgeon will in this episode interview Royal College of Surgeons of England Vice President, Tim Mitchell, and Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh council member, Clare McNaught, on what the Colleges can do to improve participation and inclusivity for LGBTQ+ surgeons, as well as surgeons from other marginalized groups.

In this episode, the Retro Movie Geek crew is joined by Tim Mitchell, and are geeking out over Capricorn One (1977) and conspiracies cover-ups the well cast cast perverts and much, much more! Synopsis: What...

Tim Mitchell is passionate about redefining what it means to be a pharmacist. Testing and vaccinating during the pandemic has helped shine a light on the value of independent pharmacists, but this is just the beginning of paving the way for the future. For Mitchell, his guiding philosophy is to stay nimble and stay open to new opportunities. Sometimes you have to take three steps forward and one step back, but at the end of the day, you're still making progress. Hosted By: Jeff Key, President of PioneerRx | Mark Bivins, VP of Sales | Marsha Bivins, Director of Marketing Guest: Tim Mitchell, Owner of Mitchell's Drug Stores Looking for more information about independent pharmacy? Visit www.pioneerrx.com

In this episode of the Arizona Highways Podcast, Editor Robert Stieve gets to chat with Jayne Mitchell. She's one of Tim Mitchell's four daughters, and she grew up in the family business of running their famous Christmas tree lots throughout Phoenix.  Jayne is able to give us many personal anecdotes as we walk down memory lane together. If you love Christmas trees, remember Tim Mitchell's Christmas tree lots, or you're interested in some Phoenix history, this episode's for you!

Welcome to this week's episode of The Vedic Conversation, hosted by Vedic Meditation teachers Rory Kinsella, Derrick Yanford and Anthony Thompson.In this episode we're joined by leading Vedic Meditation teacher and Ayurveda expert Tim Mitchell.Tim talks about the fundamentals of Ayurveda, a spiritual life full of experience and how to get a free meal in Prague!Stick around to the end for the takeaway, practical advice you can integrate into your life.This episode is dedicated to the memory of Will Dalton.If you're interested in learning more about Vedic Meditation, get in touch with the teachers below if they're in your area.Tim Mitchell in Melbourne: http://www.vedicmeditation.eu/en/Derrick Yanford (New York): https://www.yourbestselfmeditation.comAnthony Thompson (London): https://www.mindmojo.coRory Kinsella (Sydney): https://www.rorykinsellameditation.comTo share stories, suggest topics or ask about teachers in your area, drop us a line through our website: http://thevedicconversation.com

Rebecca Bannan, Governance and Organisational Effectiveness, and Tim Mitchell, Global Head of Governance Consulting at Willis Towers Watson, describe how investors should think about the inter-related issues around governance, investment, operations, clients, people and business across different time horizons. How much attention should those at varying levels of seniority devote to these timeframes? We also discuss some specific examples over the short and medium term, including taking into account “externalities” and “having the right people on the bus”.

In this inaugural episode of Important In Your Life, your hosts Jonathan Mann and Carolyn Petit start the show with a showstopper! Yes, we begin our exploration of Jonathan Richman's career with "Roadrunner," arguably his most legendary song, and one which was covered by Joan Jett, the Sex Pistols and many others. Our conversation starts with a quick look at our personal introductions to Jonathan's music, and some thoughts on why some people become such lifelong, devoted fans. We then discuss what makes "Roadrunner" a quintessential Jonathan tune, one that contains, even at that early stage, some of the qualities that would go on to define him as an artist. We also discuss his uneasy relationship with the possibility of mainstream success, how his love of the modern world has evolved, and the numerous versions of "Roadrunner" that Jonathan recorded and released. Listen to "Roadrunner": 1971 demo tape version album version UK chart version 1977 B-side version Listen to "Sister Ray" by The Velvet Underground Read There's Something About Jonathan by Tim Mitchell