Podcast appearances and mentions of John J Pershing

John J. Pershing and Douglas MacArthur are both towering figures in American military history—Pershing as the commander of the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) in World War I, and MacArthur as a key leader in World War II and the Korean War. In terms of age, they were separated by about 20 years, but they were both First Captains at West Point, both served as U.S. Army Chief of Staff, and both were absolutely devoted to the U.S. Army. Their interactions spanned decades, revealing a dynamic that oscillated between admiration, rivalry, and friction. World War I played a very key role in this complicated relationship. To discuss their interactions during WWI, the World War I Podcast hosted Jim Zobel, MacArthur Memorial Archivist.Have a comment about this episode? Send us a text message! (Note: we can read texts, but we cannot respond.) Follow us: Twitter: @MacArthur1880 Amanda Williams on Twitter: @AEWilliamsClark Facebook/Instagram: @MacArthurMemorial www.macarthurmemorial.org

When the United States entered World War I in April 1917, all 48 states played a role in war mobilization and made unique contributions that reflected their histories, their politics, their natural resources and industries, and their military manpower. Kansas was a midwestern state that provided approximately 80,000 troops and, if not for his premature death, may also have provided its adopted son, “Fighting Fred” Funston, as the commander of the AEF instead of John J. Pershing. To discuss Kansas and World War I, the World War I Podcast hosted Blake Watson, author of Kansas and Kansans in World War I. Have a comment about this episode? Send us a text message! (Note: we can read texts, but we cannot respond.) Follow us: Twitter: @MacArthur1880 Amanda Williams on Twitter: @AEWilliamsClark Facebook/Instagram: @MacArthurMemorial www.macarthurmemorial.org

“If the war was to be over by Christmas, as many believed, or at the latest by Easter 1915, tens of thousands of soldiers might be killed or wounded before the guns fell silent. Every army believed that it could crush its opponents within a few months.” Welcome back to another episode of Made You Think! Join us as we dive into The First World War by Martin Gilbert. We'll explore the intricate details of WW1, from the seemingly pointless triggers to the significant aftermath that reshaped the world. We'll also touch on intriguing historical anecdotes, like Germany's return in WW2, and the far-reaching consequences of redrawing borders. History lovers, buckle up for this one! We cover a wide range of topics including: Technological advancements from cavalry to tanks and planes How WW1 redrew the map and ended empires The concept of 'war guilt' and its impact America's pivotal role and the intercepted telegram The seemingly unnecessary triggers of the first World War And much more. Please enjoy, and make sure to follow Nat, Neil, and Adil on Twitter and share your thoughts on the episode. Links from the Episode: Mentioned in the Show: The Great War on Youtube (2:32) Schlieffen Plan (10:57) French Foreign legion (16:48) Empires before WW1 (34:42) Zimmerman Telegram (41:21) Marshall Plan (1:13:34) They Shall Not Grow Old (1:26:26) Books Mentioned: The First World War The Second World War (3:13) Shadow Divers (43:46) The Power of Geography (1:24:57) Blueprint for Armageddon (1:38:21) The Brothers K (1:39:40) Musashi (1:39:47) People Mentioned: Martin Gilbert Ho Chi Minh (3:59) David Lloyd George (24:47) John J. Pershing (41:03) Dan Carlin (1:37:32) Ernest Shackleton (1:38:47) Show Topics: (0:00) Today, we're covering The First World War by Martin Gilbert. While the book offers a detailed play-by-play of WW1, it wasn't the most enjoyable read. However, we gained significant insights into the war. (4:53) The war's triggers and conflicts felt somewhat pointless. Despite this, WW1 felt more significant than WW2 as it redrew maps and ended four empires. Unlike WW2's clear-cut good vs. evil narrative, WW1 began with cavalry and ended with advanced technology like planes, tanks, gas, and submarines. (8:02) Numerous underlying tensions grew and eventually exploded in unpredictable ways. One of the triggers was Germany's insecurity about its geographical position. We delve into the circumstances that led to the start of the war. (11:10) A major theme was the widespread belief that the war would end quickly, without long-term consequences. We discuss what wars were like before WW1, typically regional with smaller armies and less impact on civilian populations. (13:57) What was the aftermath of the war like? You might belong to a different town or region, but it may not have affected your daily life much. (18:00) Nat, Neil, and Adil talk about the multiple empires that collapsed during this time.  (20:10) War guilt was a new concept, unlike previous wars where the winning side simply negotiated their gains. The sheer number of deaths and the devastation of this war was shocking.  (25:35) How did the Ottoman Empire get involved and what was their involvement in the war? (27:05) The Germans came back much stronger in WWII, despite being devastated in WWI. They put up a bigger fight just 20 years later. It leads us to wonder, from where did they find the resources? (31:38) How the war marked a complete era shift. Would communism have had as much impact in the 20th century without WWI? Would the Soviet Union have emerged? (34:42) We take a look at a map of empires before WW1 and how the territories looked before then, which leads into our first tangent of this episode! (37:52) Though Mexico wasn't involved in the war, Germany sent them a telegram promising several U.S. states in exchange for support. The British intercepted this message and informed the U.S. (40:34) America's entry into the war truly tipped the scales and accelerated the conflict. They joined gradually, but their involvement turned the tide. We discuss the telegram that prompted America's entry into WWI. (43:58) We were surprised by the advanced use of submarines in WWI. It's fascinating to consider how much the world has changed, especially thinking about the Ottoman Empire, which lasted over 600 years. (47:49) WWI was the first time oil played a significant role, and the Ottoman Empire had some of the largest oil reserves. Had they survived, they could have controlled one of the 20th century's most crucial resources. From the four dissolved empires, 40 new countries emerged. (50:12) While book wasn't the most entertaining and it felt repetitive, its importance lies in how it made people rethink the norms and rules of engagement. If a major war broke out next year, for example, there would likely be a similar period of figuring out new ground rules. (57:15) The Russian Revolution. Two generations of European leaders were responsible for the deaths of tens of millions of people. With two major world wars only 20 years apart, the loss of life was staggering. (1:02:11) In the last 6 months of the war, everyone believed they were losing. The Germans were preparing to surrender, and the British doubted they would make it. After the war, the US never ratified the Treaty of Versailles and chose not to get involved in the aftermath. (1:06:31) The redrawing of borders after the war marked the end of colonialism, profoundly impacting various parts of the world. Much of the end of colonialism stemmed from the end of WW1 and the dissolution of empires. The poorly executed division of territories led to cascading conflicts in the aftermath. (1:11:25) The Hapsburg empire isn't extensively covered in the book, yet it was a very old empire, with its dynasty dating back to the 11th century. The exact beginnings are unclear since it follows a family rather than a defined state, making the timeline a bit blurry. (1:13:34) We talk about the Marshall Plan. Would the Marshall Plan be effective in a kingdom-era setup? Plus, we talk about the idea of 'collective insanity' and how it can be seen as a form of self-governance, where a group loses its rationality as opposed to just an individual. (1:20:25) There were many overarching themes of the book and the war as a whole: From the end of the old European system to the transition from kingdoms to states. (1:24:01) Geographical positioning and how that plays a huge impact where you sit on the map. Much of the war is a downstream of geography. Some European countries were at a disadvantage based off of where they are on the map.  (1:30:25) How lives changed drastically because of the war. One day you're working your normal job and the next you're on the front lines of the war. (1:35:59) Neil and Adil give their final thoughts on the book, Gilbert's writing style, and what they took away from reading the book.  (1:38:47) That wraps up this episode! Stay tuned for our next episode where we'll be reading Endurance by Alfred Lansing. Make sure to pick up a copy of the book and head on over to our website to see what's next. If you enjoyed this episode, let us know by leaving a review on iTunes and tell a friend. As always, let us know if you have any book recommendations! You can say hi to us on Twitter @TheRealNeilS, @adilmajid, @nateliason and share your thoughts on this episode. You can now support Made You Think using the Value-for-Value feature of Podcasting 2.0. This means you can directly tip the co-hosts in BTC with minimal transaction fees. To get started, simply download a podcast app (like Fountain or Breez) that supports Value-for-Value and send some BTC to your in-app wallet. You can then use that to support shows who have opted-in, including Made You Think! We'll be going with this direct support model moving forward, rather than ads. Thanks for listening. See you next time!

This Episode is Brought To you by HAINES KNIVESFind your new favorite knife at HainesKnives.com/mancast or follow on social media @birdforge  Testicular Fortitude means having deep seated masculine courage and strength. Balls. Guts. Manlihood.  Testicular Fortitude on the Manlihood ManCast is where we take a look at men who have beat the odds, men whose courage has left a lasting legacy. Patton was born into a wealthy family in San Gabriel, California in 1885. As a child, he had difficulty with spelling and reading, which later led historians to speculate that he suffered from dyslexia. Despite his struggles, Patton became an avid reader and developed a passion for military history. He attended the Virginia Military Institute and then transferred to the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, where he repeated his freshman year due to poor grades. However, Patton improved his academic performance and graduated in June 1909, becoming a commissioned second lieutenant in the cavalry. Patton's courage was first tested when he saw his first combat after leaving Fort Riley. In 1916, Pancho Villa led an attack on Columbus, New Mexico, and Patton joined the staff of Brig. Gen. John J. Pershing in the ensuing punitive expedition into Mexico. While the mission failed to capture Villa, Patton led a raid that killed three of Villa's men, which received much publicity and was notable for being the first time automobiles were used in combat by the US Army. Patton's courage was again put to the test during World War I. When the US entered the war, Patton joined the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) in France, where he was appointed as the first officer to the newly formed US Army Tank Corps. Patton trained, organized, and even designed the uniforms for the new tank units. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel and later became the temporary colonel, leading the first US tank units into battle during the Saint-Mihiel offensive. Despite being badly wounded by a machine-gun bullet in the Meuse-Argonne offensive, Patton refused to be taken to the hospital until he had reported to his commander, showing incredible bravery under fire. His bravery earned him the Distinguished Service Cross. In the years that followed World War I, Patton continued to be a proponent of tank warfare. During World War II, he was promoted to temporary major general and made the commander of the 2nd Armored Division. After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Patton organized the Desert Training Center to simulate combat and maneuvers in the harsh North African climate. Patton's strict discipline, toughness, and self-sacrifice elicited exceptional pride within his ranks, and he was referred to as "Old Blood-and-Guts" by his men. Despite controversies due to his brash actions and mercurial temper, Patton's bravery and testicular fortitude made him one of the greatest military commanders in history. His legacy lives on as an inspiration to all those who admire and value true courage and bravery. When Henry Darlington and Gerald Mygatt assembled and published the Soldiers' and Sailors' Prayer Book in 1944, they requested many of our nation's leaders to contribute a written prayer. Patton submitted a prayer for courage. I find it interesting, because our picture of Patton's courage seems to be innate… something he possessed and owned, but if this prayer is to be taken seriously, Patton's unwavering courage was not drummed up from within, but rather bestowed upon him. God of our Fathers, who by land and sea has ever led us to victory, please continue Your inspiring guidance in this the greatest of our conflicts. Strengthen my soul so that the weakening instinct of self-preservation, which besets all of us in battle, shall not blind me to my duty to my own manhood, to the glory of my calling, and to my responsibility to my fellow soldiers. Grant to our armed forces that disciplined valor and mutual confidence which ensures success in war. Let me not mourn for the men who have died fighting, but rather let me be glad that such heroes have lived. If it be my lot to die, let me do so with courage and honor in a man-ner which will bring the greatest harm to the enemy, and please, O Lord, protect and guide those I shall leave behind. Give us the victory, Lord. Amen. Testicular Fortitude Do you have testicular fortitude? Do you want to embrace your life of courage? Join our elite group of powerhouse men who are changing the world. Manlihood.com/brotherhood --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/manlihood/message

[00:30] The Rise of Alternative Media (25 minutes) At Mike Lindell's election crime event in Springfield, Missouri, speakers drew attention to problems with America's voting systems. The mainstream media still refuses to admit what happened in the 2020 presidential election, labeling Donald Trump and alternative media outlets who publicize the truth as conspiracy theorists. However, the truth is getting out. [25:15] Fani Willis Wants to Rig the Election (16 minutes) Fulton County District Attorney Fani Willis wants to begin her election steal trial against Donald Trump the day before Super Tuesday. Charlie Kirk wrote at the Federalist that the Trump indictments are intended to “rig the 2024 election in the court system before a single ballot can even be cast. [41:45] News of the Work: 2023 Ophel Excavation (4 minutes) [45:35] As the Boy, So Is the Man (10 minutes) Gen. John J. Pershing wrote to his 15-year-old son that he must take his schoolwork seriously so that he could become a responsible adult. Young people must take advantage of the all-important preparatory years so they can become strong adults for God.

En medio de la guerra más cruenta, aprenderán que solo el amor y la amistad son capaces de salvarlosLa Primera Guerra Mundial está causando estragos entre los miles de jóvenes que desembarcan en el frente. Con la promesa de otorgarles la ciudadanía, el gobierno de Estados Unidos comienza a reclutar mexicanos para engrosar sus filas. Marcelino Serna, antiguo miembro del bando villista, había desafiado al temible general John J. Pershing años atrás; pero ahora, convertido en soldado estadounidense, se encuentra nuevamente con él, aunque esta vez seguirá sus órdenes, arriesgando su vida y demostrando el valor que corre por sus venas. En medio del horror, Marcelino conocerá a Élise, una joven enfermera canadiense con quien vivirá una intensa historia de pasión, forjada al fragor de las batallas y de instantes robados a la muerte, pues en las trincheras cada día puede ser el último.Julio Godínez, autor de El mexicano de Buchenwald, vuelve a sorprendernos con una impactante novela histórica que recupera la figura del soldado mexicano más condecorado de la Primera Guerra Mundial y el primer hispano en recibir la Cruz por Servicio Distinguido. Un héroe cuya vida había permanecido ignorada hasta ahora.

Welcome to the Instant Trivia podcast episode 594, where we ask the best trivia on the Internet. Round 1. Category: Oscar-Losing Songs 1: Celestial songs losing '36 Oscars included "A Melody from the Sky", "When Did You Leave Heaven" and this: [Piano instrumental plays]. "Pennies from Heaven". 2: After she sang "True Love" in "High Society", the song lost an Oscar but then she won a crown. Grace Kelly. 3: Though it lost the 1963 Oscar, this "Theme from Mondo Cane" became BMI's all-time 2nd most played song. "More". 4: 1934 nominees "Love in Bloom" and "The Carioca" are the only 2 songs which share this distinction. first 2 nominees and did not win. 5: 1954 holiday film which produced the Oscar-losing "Count Your Blessings Instead of Sheep". White Christmas. Round 2. Category: Nyc Movies 1: 1984 Francis Coppola film set in Harlem's hottest hangout. The Cotton Club. 2: 1 of the 2 parks in "Barefoot in the Park". Central Park (or Washington Square Park). 3: In the Paul Newman film, this title "Fort" is in the Bronx. Fort Apache. 4: In 1975, Jack Lemmon was "The Prisoner of" this thoroughfare. Second Avenue. 5: 1975 film based on a true story in which Al Pacino robs a Brooklyn bank to finance a sex change. Dog Day Afternoon. Round 3. Category: Carnivores 1: The name of this reptile is from the Spanish el lagarto, "the lizard". an alligator. 2: Weighing up to 1700 pounds, the Alaskan brown species of this animal is the world's largest land carnivore. a bear. 3: The thresher type of this aquatic carnivore uses its long tail to herd and stun fish before it eats them. a shark. 4: Although confined mostly to Africa, this fastest land animal can also be found in Iran and Afghanistan. the cheetah. 5: As this tusked pinniped grows older, the male becomes nearly hairless. a walrus. Round 4. Category: Generals 1: Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. was the only general to land with the first wave of troops on this day. D-Day. 2: William Westmoreland served in these three wars; the last two as a general. World War II, Korea, and Vietnam. 3: During the last seven years of his life, John J. Pershing lived in a special suite in this D.C. hospital. Walter Reed Hospital. 4: US general who in 1945 told his wife "Peace is going to be hell on me!". George Patton. 5: This Civil War general wrote "Ben-Hur". Lew Wallace. Round 5. Category: Jail 1: Title of the following prison song, the 2nd-biggest hit of its singer's career:. "Chain Gang" (by Sam Cooke). 2: Calling it "Most Secure Prison", Guinness says tho 23 attempted to escape from Alcatraz, this many succeeded. none. 3: This country's Kharkov Prison is said to be world's largest, accommodating 40,000 prisoners. Soviet Union. 4: Unlucky Col. Klink was in charge of this prison camp housing "Hogan's Heroes". Stalag 13. 5: In "Monopoly", if you pay to get out of jail, it costs this much. $50. Thanks for listening! Come back tomorrow for more exciting trivia! Special thanks to https://blog.feedspot.com/trivia_podcasts/

Who was General John J. Pershing and why is there a statue of him in Golden Gate Park? And what is his connection to San Francisco? Find out as Nicole and Arnold discuss the man and how the Pershing statue came to be.

John J Pershing leads the first American troops to France in June 1917.

John Pershing was the general of the American Expeditionary Forces that fought in Europe during the Great War.

George S Patton Junior starred as an Olympic athlete in the 1912 Stockholm games. In 1916 under John J. Pershing Patton joined the Mexican Expedition against the paramilitary forces of Mexican revolutionary Francisco "Pancho" Villa. When the US entered the First World War Patton joined the new Tank Corps and commanded the U.S. tank school in France. Leading tanks into combat he would be wounded near the end of the war. But Patton is best remembered for his exploits on the battlefields of WWII, and this is what what we are looking at in this episode, from Morocco, through Sicily to D-Day.  Joining me is Kevin Hymel. Kevin has worked as a historian for the US army and is currently doing work for the Arlington National Cemetery. He is also a tour guide for Stephen Ambrose Historical Tours. He is the author of Patton's Photographs: War as He Saw It and his new book is Patton's War: An American General's Combat Leadership, Volume I: November 1942 - July 1944. Patreon: patreon.com/ww2podcast

SUMMARY This episode focused on the new National World War I Memorial located in downtown Washington, D.C. on Pennsylvania Avenue.  An existing park – Pershing Park – with a statue of General John J. Pershing of World War I fame, was taken and repurposed as the new memorial.  The statue of Pershing was kept in the memorial. Host Aaron Cronk is joined by ACTS education program leader (EPL) Jay Proffitt.  They start of with a segment Behind the Holiday where they discuss the connection between Armistice Day and Veterans Day.   From there the discussion does a quick overview of World War I and the desire to create a National World War I Memorial.  In looking for a location a park is chosen that is already a memorial to General John J. Pershing, so the discussion leads into Behind the Person – and the life of Pershing is the topic.   Finally, it is Behind the Memorial as our hosts talk about the elements of the new memorial.   Aaron tops it off with a Call to Action. Join us for this journey on Behind the Tour! LINK: A comprehensive link to a PDF highlighting all the features of the new World War I Memorial memorial-design-19-09-07.pdf (worldwar1centennial.org)  KEY WORDS: American Christian Tours, ACTS, Behind the Tour; World War I Memorial; Pershing Park; General Pershing; World War I;

On Veterans Day, 1941, there was a giant parade for the dedication of a new monument to honor the life of John J. Pershing, General of the Armies during World War I. The City of Omaha named a new roadway leading from Abbott Drive to River Drive after him, as well. This wasn't the beginning of North Omaha's love affair with this leader though. Adam Fletcher Sasse has the rest of the story Our thanks to our patrons: Barb Naughtin Lonnie Hansen Dunbier Paul Feilmann Tim Reeder Mike Schill Jenna Smith Dan Hedrick Richard Gude Daniel Ammons Sara Rogers Troy Lewellen Kristine Gerber Jay Hannah Jim Collison and The Great Plains Black History Museum. Open by appointment Thurs-Sat 1-5. The North Omaha History podcast is a volunteer effort, but you can help us meet expenses by becoming a patron for as little as $1 a month. Go to https://www.patreon.com/omaha

Welcome to Day 1661 of our Wisdom-Trek, and thank you for joining me.This is Guthrie Chamberlain, Your Guide to WisdomA Competent Leader – Daily WisdomWelcome to Wisdom-Trek with Gramps. Wisdom is the final frontier in gaining true knowledge. We are on a daily trek to create a legacy of wisdom, seek out discernment and insights, and boldly grow where few have chosen to grow before. Hello, my friend; this is Gramps. Thanks for coming along on today's trek as we increase Wisdom and Create a Living Legacy. https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Proverbs%2016%3A16&version=NLT (Proverbs 16:16) How much better to get wisdom than gold, and sound judgment than silver!  We are on Day 1661 of our Trek, and it's time to explore another nugget of wisdom, which includes an inspirational quote along with some wise words from Gramps for today's trek. If you apply the words you hear today, over time, it will help you become more healthy, wealthy, and wise as you continue your daily trek of life. So let's jump right in with today's nugget: Today's quote is from John J. Pershing, and it is: A competent leader can get efficient service from poor troops; an incapable leader can demoralize the best of troops. A Competent Leader Every person is a leader of others, at least in some area of life. You may be a Dad or Mom, Aunt or Uncle, a teacher, a manager, a pastor, or an officer in the armed service. Regardless of who you impact, it would be best to strive to be competent in that area of life. When you are competent in a particular area of life, even if those you lead are not very good or qualified, you can still obtain good service from those you lead. Otherwise, it will frustrate and demoralize those you are attempting to teach if you are incapable of your leadership. You may need to train yourself to be a better, more competent leader. If that is the case, by all means, obtain the training that you need.  Don't try to bluff your way through leading others. You will lose the respect and admiration of others. Do whatever is necessary to be more competent in all areas of life, especially in those areas where God has gifted you. You will know when you see a person who is a good leader. An example of a good leader in the church is described in: https://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=1+Timothy+3%3A1-7&version=NLT (1 Timothy 3:1-7) This is a trustworthy saying: “If someone aspires to be a church leader, he desires an honorable position.” So a church leader must be a man whose life is above reproach. He must be faithful to his wife. He must exercise self-control, live wisely, and have a good reputation. He must enjoy having guests in his home, and he must be able to teach. He must not be a heavy drinker or be violent. He must be gentle, not quarrelsome, and not love money. He must manage his own family well, having children who respect and obey him. For if a man cannot manage his own household, how can he take care of God's church? A church leader must not be a new believer, because he might become proud, and the devil would cause him to fall. Also, people outside the church must speak well of him so that he will not be disgraced and fall into the devil's trap. As you ponder this nugget of wisdom for yourself, please encourage your friends and family to join us and then come along tomorrow for another day of ‘Wisdom-Trek, Creating a Legacy.' If you would like to listen to any of our past 1660 treks or read the Wisdom Journal, they are available at Wisdom-Trek.com. I encourage you to subscribe to Wisdom-Trek on your favorite podcast player so that each day's trek will be downloaded automatically. If you have not done so, please consider giving us a five-star rating so that others will also join us in mining our nuggets of wisdom. Thank you so much for allowing me to be your...

 In a new book by the acclaimed author of several bestselling nonfiction titles, the bloody “Punitive Expedition” and early 20th century conflicts between Mexico and the U.S. take center stage. Author Jeff Guinn, whose previous subjects include Jim Jones and Charles Manson, chronicles how Pancho Villa’s raid of a small border town in 1916 resulted in a bloody conflict between Mexico and the United States. On the U.S. side, General John J. Pershing recruited the Army, National Guard and and the Texas Rangers (little more than vigilantes at the time) into a militarized force that would foreshadow future military conflicts. The U.S.’s mission to capture Villa ultimately failed, but the conflict is still remembered in the border towns where it was fought over a century ago. Today on AirTalk, we are joined by Jeff Guinn to learn more about his new book and the history of the Punitive Expedition. Questions? Leave them below or give us a call at 866-893-5722. Guest: Jeff Guinn, bestselling author of numerous books including his latest, “War on the Border: Villa, Pershing, the Texas Rangers, and an American Invasion” (Simon & Schuster, 2021)

Thanks for joining us for the second and final part of the John Pershing story. When we left off in Part 1, General Pershing was chasing feared rebel Pancho Villa throughout the Mexican countryside while the rest of the world was at war. Now, all of Pershing’s experience and leadership will be called upon as a reluctant America gets drawn into World War 1 and he is asked to help overhaul a military that is not ready but is so desperately needed. All while he continues to endure the incompressible loss of his own family. So sit back and enjoy the conclusion of today’s episode, General of the Armies John J. Pershing,

Many of us know the stories of military Generals like George Washington, Ulysses Grant and Dwight Eisenhower. All won critical wars and went on to become Presidents of the United States. What many might not know is the story of the General who led American forces in the First World War whose vision and perseverance was most responsible for bringing a young nation from isolation to a world power. All while enduing an unimaginable personal tragedy and defying overwhelming odds as the commander of a military that was ill-prepared for the momentous challenges they faced. So sit back and enjoy the story and the focus of today’s episode, General of the Armies John J. Pershing.

The Emancipation Proclamation Station Welcome back to the Emancipation podcast station the place to hear about history, researched and retold through the eyes of Middle and High school students   Beginning of World War I: Ella - One of the known causes of world war 1 turning into a world war was the alliance system.  In 1839, the treaty of London was signed which was where Britain was going to protect the neutrality of Belgium. In 1879 the dual alliance treaty was signed between Germany and Austria-Hungary to protect each other from Russia. Many other alliances were also forming at the time. Ethan - Germany’s navy was starting to get threatening to Britain’s navy. Britain took necessary precautions and signed a document with France called the Entente Cordial, tipping the odds of any war in in their favor. This made Germany realize they were a threat and thought they were being pushed back down, so in turn they became more aggressive and ready for war. Hunter- something that happened about three months before the war was the assassination of: Archduke Franz Ferdinand, on June 28 1914, in Sarajevo, resulting in the July Crisis. How Austria-Hungary responded to this assassination was by issuing an ultimatum to Serbia. Serbia’s reply to the ultimatum didn’t satisfy the Austrians, afterword the two moved to a war footing. Emma - The power that the nations of Germany and Italy possessed at the beginning of the first world war was impressive as it was, but we have to take into account how quickly they had acquired it. Both of these countries, though they had deep cultural roots, were very new as official nations. Both had formed during the Franco-Prussian war barely more than forty years previous but now held power over regions stretching from Africa to east Asia. Audrey - Starting in 1892 there was an alliance between France and Russia and this was the Franco Russian Military Convention. Then in the early 1900s there were a series of agreements between Great Britain France and Russia so that they were in good terms with each other. The alliance between Great Britain France and Russia was the Triple Entente (which means agreements). Skylar - World war I or sometimes known as the Great War started on July 28th, 1914, the war started in Europe. The war was in Africa, the middle east, Pacific islands, indian ocean, China, north and south atlantic oceans, and like i said Europe. They think that this war killed about 16 million people died from direct cause of this war. Gabe - The war started basically because russia wanted to protect serbia and germany wanted to protect austria so when austria went to fight serbia russia went to fight germany Ben - America only began to fight in World War 1 in 1917 ( April 6th to be specific ) with their allies. They had alliances with Russia, Britain, and France at the time, making them a strong force at the time. Led by major General John J. Pershing, 2 million American soldiers fought despite many American citizens wanting the country to stay neutral.   Other fronts of World War I: 1.Hunter- One of the many different fronts of the war was the Italian front,  the italians were apart of the Triple Alliance during this time, but italy stayed out of the war in 1914 because it claimed that Austria had not been attacked so therefor italy didn’t have to support Austria. In all reality the Italians had a secret agreement with the allies, the allies said that they would give the italians some Austrian territory if they attacked Austria-Hungary. EthanOL - As soon as the war started Japan decided they wanted what the Germans had. Japan was already allied Britain so that they could attack Germany without Britain growing apart from them. They attacked Tsingtao which was a German base in China. This was the first naval/aerial assault ever. They didn’t use exactly aircraft carriers but they did carry their aircrafts. This was called the Siege of Tsingtao which took place in 1914. Ella - Serbia was a very small country with approximately 4.5 million people and an army of around 400,000 soldiers. Almost everyone who could be in the army at the time was in it but it still ended up being destroyed with 60% of the army getting killed, which decreased Serbia's population by 16%. Emma - Italy’s agreements with the Triple Alliance and the Allies were only two of a long series of strategic alliances and deals the nation made on the road to the first world war. Their entry into the Triple Alliance was the first move, which was actually a surprising one, due to the fact that Italy and the Austro-Hungarian empire (another member of the triple alliance) had been enemies previously. Twenty years later, which still under this pact, they made a secret alliance with France. Twelve years after that, the Austro-Hungarian empire entered the war. Only one year later, they entered the treaty of London, an agreement with the Triple entente (england, russia, and france) to fight against their original allies, exit the triple alliance, and declare war on the Austro-Hungarian empire. 5.Skylar - Italy took part in the triple alliance in 1882 when they agreed to be apart of it, they were one of the first countries to take part in it. The whole reason that it was called the triple alliance was because there were three countries in it Italy, Austria-Hungary and Germany. This was kind of a weird mix because they didn’t really like each other but still said they would protect each other if worse comes to worst. Italy was making deals with other places like france in 1902. It was kind of just a lot of back stabbing.  Gabe - The Italians helped the allies by attacking austria hungary which is in the triple alliance so basically they made an alliance and were like let's help each other i mean we all don't like each other and would love to see each other destroyed so why not make an alliance really smart and then they dont even help each other its completely useless   Ben - Japan played a big part in the fight for the West Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean. Most of the reason Japan fought was because they wanted influence in China, but even with the help of Sun Yat-sen, they didn’t have many successes. 8. Western and Eastern fronts of World War I: 1.Hunter- during this time in the war the Germans were fighting two countries, one of which during the western front was France, the Germans had thought if they were to defeat the French (Russia’s ally) in four weeks then they could have an advantage against the Russians in the Eastern front. Ethan- The Germans realized that after the Franco-Prussian War, they were going to be due for another war with France. Germany unified in advance to make sure France had a disadvantage. The humiliation was huge and Germany took Alsace and Lorraine, which were mineral rich and valuable to anyone who controlled it. Germany realized this might hurt them later because France was allied with Russia so if there was war that it’d be on 2 fronts. Ella - The western front in world war 1  was much smaller that the eastern front, but the western front could uses trenches as a defence system since they had less land to defend. The eastern front however, could not use this method due to the land being so wide and them not having enough people to dig them. Even if they were able to dig some, they wouldn't have enough and the western people could easily go around. Emma - In February of the year 1916, the battle of Verdun took place when the Germans launched an attack on the French military at the border between Germany and France. Unlike a lot of the other offensive acts in the war, this battle was not intended to result in the gain of territory for the Germans. The point of this attack was to cause the French to send so many troops, and to cause so many casualties that the French would deplete all their resources and be forced to withdraw from the war. Audrey - In WW1 the Germans were using poison gas as a weapon. Some of the poison gases are chlorine gas, which would immediately cause you to choke to death, phosgene gas, which wouldn’t cause choking and this allowed the gas to get into to lungs and there was a delayed effect, and mustard gas, another that wouldn’t cause choking but it would cause severe blistering which would take you out of the war. Ben - Germany eventually gained peace with Russia on May 3rd, 1918. Russia accomplished this by giving Germany a significant amount of land. This was done under the Bolshevik Government of Russia, which was founded in 1917 after a revolution overthrew the provisional government. Skylar- After the battle of Verdun the british and the French decide to go against a different part of the front, this time close to the Somme river in july of 1916. This battle was the first time they used tanks, it was an extremely bloody battle. 8.   Blockades and American entry: Hunter- On May 7, 1915, a German submarine sunk the British ocean liner called Lusitania, ending in the deaths of nearly 1,200 people and that includes 128 Americans. The event strained diplomatic relations between Washington and Berlin, and turned public opinion on Germany. Skylar -   the united states had maintained being neutral in the war up until this point, Wilson had just won presidency again because he had kept the US out of the war. Germany was getting pretty desperate so they were going to go back to their idea of unrestricted submarine warfare but they knew if they did that the US would side with their allies.  In january of 1917 the Zimmerman Telegram was created by Arthur Zimmerman sent a encoded telegram to mexico, it was encoded because it had to pass through lines that the US controlled. He told them that he knows a way to slow them down. (if someone wants to go off of this that would b awesome) 3.Ethan - In April 1917 the administration had thought about it and Germany had took it too far, with their submarine warfare. President Wilson decided that war on Germany was inevitable and sent a famous message to Congress for why it needs to go to war with Germany. On April 4th Congress decided to allow war on Germany, and war pursued quickly. Now, many people were deciding for themselves why we were at war. Many public opinion were stated, some saying it was inevitable, some saying we should stay out of war. Ella - So the United States entered world war 1 for multiple reasons including them having financial ties, trade ties, and cultural ties with the British. Another reason being the British using a lot of successful propaganda. Gabe - im a take a step back to skylar so the encoded telegram was intercepted by the british and then shared with america and it said that they would help mexico take texas arizona and new mexico back from the united states if they helped the germans in the war Audrey - In November of 1914 the British declared the entire North Sea a war zone so if a ship came they would probably be destroyed. The ships especially couldn’t carry any contraband, and food was considered a contraband. So the Germans and the Austrians had to start rationing food to the point of eating only 1k calories a day. This was making the central powers weaker not only because they couldn’t get what they needed for war but people were dying and there were about 400k deaths due to starvation. Emma - In 1917, Senator George Norris issued a speech in opposition to the entry of the United States of America into the World War. In his speech he acknowledged that both England and Germany were wrong in the actions of war they had chosen to take; declaring certain areas war zones, but he did not support the entry into the war and listed several alternative actions that could have been taken. Ben - Most of the American soldiers starting arriving and began fighting on the battlefields of france on the twenty sixth of June. Britain and France also sent additional officers to help train the newly drafted American soldiers.   World War I shapes the Middle East: 1.Hunter- The first world war truly shaped the middle east, but the aftermath of the war made the largest change in the region as we know it. One of the events that had changed the middle east was when Russia had staked a claim on Istanbul and waterways linking the Black seas to the Mediterranean seas, and the French claimed Syria and Cilicia in modern day Turkey. Skylar - the British wanted the help of the Arab’s because they wanted them to fight the Ottoman’s on the Palestine and Sinai fronts. So they told Hussein bin ali if he helped them that they would give him free territory, for an independent arab state and he agrees. After that he names himself king of the Hejaz in 1916. Ethan -  Britain had a presence in the Middle East at the time of the end of the war. Egypt was under the protection of Britain, and when they didn’t get freedom until 1922 there was a sort of revolt. In the end the Egyptians won this slight war and obtained their freedom. At this time Britain was also protecting Kuwait and they have since the 1800s. They still did not get their freedom handed to them until 1961. Ella - In 1915, 6,500 people from the British army were sieged in Kut, after retreating from Ctesiphon by the ottoman Empire for 147 days till they were forced to surrender.  Gabe - The Ibn Saud ruled the basically the other side of saudi arabia right next to Hussein bin ali and he actually goes and takes the Hejaz empire and declares himself king of the sauds in the hejaz in 1926 and this is how you get saudi arabia Emma - The British troops (made up of all the various countries that were part of the British empire, such as India and New Zealand) started their Middle Eastern campaign at the southern end of Mesopotamia, near the Persian gulf. They moved northward along the Tigris river, capturing land until they held control over the majority of what is now Iraq. Meanwhile on the other side of the land mass in Egypt, they were on the defensive side of the war for quite a while while the Ottomans attempted, and failed, to take capture Suez canal from British control. 7.Ben - After the Middle East changed, a lot of its boundaries and borders did too. They looked a lot closer to what they look like today. This happens a lot with very large wars because tons of land gets conquered, traded, or destroyed. 8.   Aftermath of World War I Skylar - Woodrow Wilson gave a speech on January 8th, 1918 that is called Woodrow Wilson’s fourteen points. The fourteen points were statements that Wilson gave to try to make peace with everyone and end the war. During his speech he talked about why he thought the war started and what they could do to end it with peace instead of hatred. He talked about free trade, how all conversations should be open for everyone to see, freedom of navigation, and many more things. 2.Hunter- the aftermath of this war truly was amazing, this war had changed so much of the world that we know now, for instance: WW1 had brought about the temporary political disruption of four venerable dynasties-- Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia, and Turkey. This war also brought up a massive social disruption, as millions of women entered the workforce to support men who had went to war, and to replace those who never came back. Ella - World War one ended at the end of 1918, so in 1919 they started discussing the terms of peace so they held the Paris Peace conference. Now during the peace conference the winners decide the “terms of peace” but they all had different outlooks about it (someone plz build off of me if you can if not cool tho Gabe - One of the “Terms of peace” that came out of the Paris Peace conference is the Treaty of Versailles which probably was the treaty to germany it said that germany was gonna pay for all of the allies losses they had to pay something like 60 billion in today's money and that's not including the resources they payed they also were only allowed to have 100,000 men in there army there weren't allowed to have any u boats battleships tanks basically nothing mechanized and we took lots of their territory and split and was given to the allies 5..Emma - The Treaty of Versailles had a huge effect on the German economy and government at the time. Another term of the treaty was that they were not allowed to make an alliance with Austria, due to the cultural and linguistic ties between the two. They were also occupied by the allies in the Saar region of Germany, near the French border. This area was a large coal mining area and for fifteen years, all the coal mined there got shipped to France. That still left a large portion of reparations to be paid back in currency so the government basically printed a ton of money, and tried to convert it into other currencies which resulted in serious inflation all the way into the twenties. So when that happened and they could no longer pay in money, France occupied the Ruhr region and began shipping steel and coal out of there. Ethan - WWI left many families without a parent or without a child to come home to. Many soldier died in battle and from starvation, so in turn this was one of the most bloody battles in history. The U.S. lost approximately 116,708 soldiers in war. Not to mention the prisoners of war that died from many causes like starvation and disease. For those whose remains were never found we have the Tomb of The Unknown Soldier. This is a tradition that has been kept up since 1931 and have never not been guarded since then Ben - Strangely enough, World War 1 kind of helped Japan’s economy. The demand for japanese products became very large and the economy flourished for a time. This also happened similarly in America, because the American economy in the 1920’s was doing very nice. Audrey - There were approximately 16 million deaths due to WWI 8-10 million being military. About 60% of the soldiers deaths were the Entente and 40% were the Central Powers. But 6-7 million that died were civilians and out of that over a million of the civilian deaths were due to direct military action were the rest was caused by starvation and disease.

The Emancipation Proclamation Station Welcome back to the Emancipation podcast station the place to hear about history, researched and retold through the eyes of Middle and High school students   Beginning of World War I: Ella - One of the known causes of world war 1 turning into a world war was the alliance system.  In 1839, the treaty of London was signed which was where Britain was going to protect the neutrality of Belgium. In 1879 the dual alliance treaty was signed between Germany and Austria-Hungary to protect each other from Russia. Many other alliances were also forming at the time. Ethan - Germany’s navy was starting to get threatening to Britain’s navy. Britain took necessary precautions and signed a document with France called the Entente Cordial, tipping the odds of any war in in their favor. This made Germany realize they were a threat and thought they were being pushed back down, so in turn they became more aggressive and ready for war. Hunter- something that happened about three months before the war was the assassination of: Archduke Franz Ferdinand, on June 28 1914, in Sarajevo, resulting in the July Crisis. How Austria-Hungary responded to this assassination was by issuing an ultimatum to Serbia. Serbia’s reply to the ultimatum didn’t satisfy the Austrians, afterword the two moved to a war footing. Emma - The power that the nations of Germany and Italy possessed at the beginning of the first world war was impressive as it was, but we have to take into account how quickly they had acquired it. Both of these countries, though they had deep cultural roots, were very new as official nations. Both had formed during the Franco-Prussian war barely more than forty years previous but now held power over regions stretching from Africa to east Asia. Audrey - Starting in 1892 there was an alliance between France and Russia and this was the Franco Russian Military Convention. Then in the early 1900s there were a series of agreements between Great Britain France and Russia so that they were in good terms with each other. The alliance between Great Britain France and Russia was the Triple Entente (which means agreements). Skylar - World war I or sometimes known as the Great War started on July 28th, 1914, the war started in Europe. The war was in Africa, the middle east, Pacific islands, indian ocean, China, north and south atlantic oceans, and like i said Europe. They think that this war killed about 16 million people died from direct cause of this war. Gabe - The war started basically because russia wanted to protect serbia and germany wanted to protect austria so when austria went to fight serbia russia went to fight germany Ben - America only began to fight in World War 1 in 1917 ( April 6th to be specific ) with their allies. They had alliances with Russia, Britain, and France at the time, making them a strong force at the time. Led by major General John J. Pershing, 2 million American soldiers fought despite many American citizens wanting the country to stay neutral.   Other fronts of World War I: 1.Hunter- One of the many different fronts of the war was the Italian front,  the italians were apart of the Triple Alliance during this time, but italy stayed out of the war in 1914 because it claimed that Austria had not been attacked so therefor italy didn’t have to support Austria. In all reality the Italians had a secret agreement with the allies, the allies said that they would give the italians some Austrian territory if they attacked Austria-Hungary. EthanOL - As soon as the war started Japan decided they wanted what the Germans had. Japan was already allied Britain so that they could attack Germany without Britain growing apart from them. They attacked Tsingtao which was a German base in China. This was the first naval/aerial assault ever. They didn’t use exactly aircraft carriers but they did carry their aircrafts. This was called the Siege of Tsingtao which took place in 1914. Ella - Serbia was a very small country with approximately 4.5 million people and an army of around 400,000 soldiers. Almost everyone who could be in the army at the time was in it but it still ended up being destroyed with 60% of the army getting killed, which decreased Serbia's population by 16%. Emma - Italy’s agreements with the Triple Alliance and the Allies were only two of a long series of strategic alliances and deals the nation made on the road to the first world war. Their entry into the Triple Alliance was the first move, which was actually a surprising one, due to the fact that Italy and the Austro-Hungarian empire (another member of the triple alliance) had been enemies previously. Twenty years later, which still under this pact, they made a secret alliance with France. Twelve years after that, the Austro-Hungarian empire entered the war. Only one year later, they entered the treaty of London, an agreement with the Triple entente (england, russia, and france) to fight against their original allies, exit the triple alliance, and declare war on the Austro-Hungarian empire. 5.Skylar - Italy took part in the triple alliance in 1882 when they agreed to be apart of it, they were one of the first countries to take part in it. The whole reason that it was called the triple alliance was because there were three countries in it Italy, Austria-Hungary and Germany. This was kind of a weird mix because they didn’t really like each other but still said they would protect each other if worse comes to worst. Italy was making deals with other places like france in 1902. It was kind of just a lot of back stabbing.  Gabe - The Italians helped the allies by attacking austria hungary which is in the triple alliance so basically they made an alliance and were like let's help each other i mean we all don't like each other and would love to see each other destroyed so why not make an alliance really smart and then they dont even help each other its completely useless   Ben - Japan played a big part in the fight for the West Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean. Most of the reason Japan fought was because they wanted influence in China, but even with the help of Sun Yat-sen, they didn’t have many successes. 8. Western and Eastern fronts of World War I: 1.Hunter- during this time in the war the Germans were fighting two countries, one of which during the western front was France, the Germans had thought if they were to defeat the French (Russia’s ally) in four weeks then they could have an advantage against the Russians in the Eastern front. Ethan- The Germans realized that after the Franco-Prussian War, they were going to be due for another war with France. Germany unified in advance to make sure France had a disadvantage. The humiliation was huge and Germany took Alsace and Lorraine, which were mineral rich and valuable to anyone who controlled it. Germany realized this might hurt them later because France was allied with Russia so if there was war that it’d be on 2 fronts. Ella - The western front in world war 1  was much smaller that the eastern front, but the western front could uses trenches as a defence system since they had less land to defend. The eastern front however, could not use this method due to the land being so wide and them not having enough people to dig them. Even if they were able to dig some, they wouldn't have enough and the western people could easily go around. Emma - In February of the year 1916, the battle of Verdun took place when the Germans launched an attack on the French military at the border between Germany and France. Unlike a lot of the other offensive acts in the war, this battle was not intended to result in the gain of territory for the Germans. The point of this attack was to cause the French to send so many troops, and to cause so many casualties that the French would deplete all their resources and be forced to withdraw from the war. Audrey - In WW1 the Germans were using poison gas as a weapon. Some of the poison gases are chlorine gas, which would immediately cause you to choke to death, phosgene gas, which wouldn’t cause choking and this allowed the gas to get into to lungs and there was a delayed effect, and mustard gas, another that wouldn’t cause choking but it would cause severe blistering which would take you out of the war. Ben - Germany eventually gained peace with Russia on May 3rd, 1918. Russia accomplished this by giving Germany a significant amount of land. This was done under the Bolshevik Government of Russia, which was founded in 1917 after a revolution overthrew the provisional government. Skylar- After the battle of Verdun the british and the French decide to go against a different part of the front, this time close to the Somme river in july of 1916. This battle was the first time they used tanks, it was an extremely bloody battle. 8.   Blockades and American entry: Hunter- On May 7, 1915, a German submarine sunk the British ocean liner called Lusitania, ending in the deaths of nearly 1,200 people and that includes 128 Americans. The event strained diplomatic relations between Washington and Berlin, and turned public opinion on Germany. Skylar -   the united states had maintained being neutral in the war up until this point, Wilson had just won presidency again because he had kept the US out of the war. Germany was getting pretty desperate so they were going to go back to their idea of unrestricted submarine warfare but they knew if they did that the US would side with their allies.  In january of 1917 the Zimmerman Telegram was created by Arthur Zimmerman sent a encoded telegram to mexico, it was encoded because it had to pass through lines that the US controlled. He told them that he knows a way to slow them down. (if someone wants to go off of this that would b awesome) 3.Ethan - In April 1917 the administration had thought about it and Germany had took it too far, with their submarine warfare. President Wilson decided that war on Germany was inevitable and sent a famous message to Congress for why it needs to go to war with Germany. On April 4th Congress decided to allow war on Germany, and war pursued quickly. Now, many people were deciding for themselves why we were at war. Many public opinion were stated, some saying it was inevitable, some saying we should stay out of war. Ella - So the United States entered world war 1 for multiple reasons including them having financial ties, trade ties, and cultural ties with the British. Another reason being the British using a lot of successful propaganda. Gabe - im a take a step back to skylar so the encoded telegram was intercepted by the british and then shared with america and it said that they would help mexico take texas arizona and new mexico back from the united states if they helped the germans in the war Audrey - In November of 1914 the British declared the entire North Sea a war zone so if a ship came they would probably be destroyed. The ships especially couldn’t carry any contraband, and food was considered a contraband. So the Germans and the Austrians had to start rationing food to the point of eating only 1k calories a day. This was making the central powers weaker not only because they couldn’t get what they needed for war but people were dying and there were about 400k deaths due to starvation. Emma - In 1917, Senator George Norris issued a speech in opposition to the entry of the United States of America into the World War. In his speech he acknowledged that both England and Germany were wrong in the actions of war they had chosen to take; declaring certain areas war zones, but he did not support the entry into the war and listed several alternative actions that could have been taken. Ben - Most of the American soldiers starting arriving and began fighting on the battlefields of france on the twenty sixth of June. Britain and France also sent additional officers to help train the newly drafted American soldiers.   World War I shapes the Middle East: 1.Hunter- The first world war truly shaped the middle east, but the aftermath of the war made the largest change in the region as we know it. One of the events that had changed the middle east was when Russia had staked a claim on Istanbul and waterways linking the Black seas to the Mediterranean seas, and the French claimed Syria and Cilicia in modern day Turkey. Skylar - the British wanted the help of the Arab’s because they wanted them to fight the Ottoman’s on the Palestine and Sinai fronts. So they told Hussein bin ali if he helped them that they would give him free territory, for an independent arab state and he agrees. After that he names himself king of the Hejaz in 1916. Ethan -  Britain had a presence in the Middle East at the time of the end of the war. Egypt was under the protection of Britain, and when they didn’t get freedom until 1922 there was a sort of revolt. In the end the Egyptians won this slight war and obtained their freedom. At this time Britain was also protecting Kuwait and they have since the 1800s. They still did not get their freedom handed to them until 1961. Ella - In 1915, 6,500 people from the British army were sieged in Kut, after retreating from Ctesiphon by the ottoman Empire for 147 days till they were forced to surrender.  Gabe - The Ibn Saud ruled the basically the other side of saudi arabia right next to Hussein bin ali and he actually goes and takes the Hejaz empire and declares himself king of the sauds in the hejaz in 1926 and this is how you get saudi arabia Emma - The British troops (made up of all the various countries that were part of the British empire, such as India and New Zealand) started their Middle Eastern campaign at the southern end of Mesopotamia, near the Persian gulf. They moved northward along the Tigris river, capturing land until they held control over the majority of what is now Iraq. Meanwhile on the other side of the land mass in Egypt, they were on the defensive side of the war for quite a while while the Ottomans attempted, and failed, to take capture Suez canal from British control. 7.Ben - After the Middle East changed, a lot of its boundaries and borders did too. They looked a lot closer to what they look like today. This happens a lot with very large wars because tons of land gets conquered, traded, or destroyed. 8.   Aftermath of World War I Skylar - Woodrow Wilson gave a speech on January 8th, 1918 that is called Woodrow Wilson’s fourteen points. The fourteen points were statements that Wilson gave to try to make peace with everyone and end the war. During his speech he talked about why he thought the war started and what they could do to end it with peace instead of hatred. He talked about free trade, how all conversations should be open for everyone to see, freedom of navigation, and many more things. 2.Hunter- the aftermath of this war truly was amazing, this war had changed so much of the world that we know now, for instance: WW1 had brought about the temporary political disruption of four venerable dynasties-- Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia, and Turkey. This war also brought up a massive social disruption, as millions of women entered the workforce to support men who had went to war, and to replace those who never came back. Ella - World War one ended at the end of 1918, so in 1919 they started discussing the terms of peace so they held the Paris Peace conference. Now during the peace conference the winners decide the “terms of peace” but they all had different outlooks about it (someone plz build off of me if you can if not cool tho Gabe - One of the “Terms of peace” that came out of the Paris Peace conference is the Treaty of Versailles which probably was the treaty to germany it said that germany was gonna pay for all of the allies losses they had to pay something like 60 billion in today's money and that's not including the resources they payed they also were only allowed to have 100,000 men in there army there weren't allowed to have any u boats battleships tanks basically nothing mechanized and we took lots of their territory and split and was given to the allies 5..Emma - The Treaty of Versailles had a huge effect on the German economy and government at the time. Another term of the treaty was that they were not allowed to make an alliance with Austria, due to the cultural and linguistic ties between the two. They were also occupied by the allies in the Saar region of Germany, near the French border. This area was a large coal mining area and for fifteen years, all the coal mined there got shipped to France. That still left a large portion of reparations to be paid back in currency so the government basically printed a ton of money, and tried to convert it into other currencies which resulted in serious inflation all the way into the twenties. So when that happened and they could no longer pay in money, France occupied the Ruhr region and began shipping steel and coal out of there. Ethan - WWI left many families without a parent or without a child to come home to. Many soldier died in battle and from starvation, so in turn this was one of the most bloody battles in history. The U.S. lost approximately 116,708 soldiers in war. Not to mention the prisoners of war that died from many causes like starvation and disease. For those whose remains were never found we have the Tomb of The Unknown Soldier. This is a tradition that has been kept up since 1931 and have never not been guarded since then Ben - Strangely enough, World War 1 kind of helped Japan’s economy. The demand for japanese products became very large and the economy flourished for a time. This also happened similarly in America, because the American economy in the 1920’s was doing very nice. Audrey - There were approximately 16 million deaths due to WWI 8-10 million being military. About 60% of the soldiers deaths were the Entente and 40% were the Central Powers. But 6-7 million that died were civilians and out of that over a million of the civilian deaths were due to direct military action were the rest was caused by starvation and disease.

Highlights: June 1918 Overview June 1918 Overview roundtable - Dr. Edward Lengel, Katherine Akey, Theo Mayer | @01:35 Not all quiet on the western front - Mike Shuster | @15:30 National Memorial Day Parade | @19:55 369th Experience Memorial Weekend concerts | @22:05 East Indians in WW1 - Tanveer Kalo | @25:35 Belgian Children’s “Thank You” - Nancy Heingartner | @32:15 100C/100M in Bismarck, ND - Susan Wefald | @39:25 Speaking WW1: Cantonment | @44:50 WW1 War Tech: FlammenWerfer | @46:15 Dispatch Newsletter Highlights | @48:45 The Buzz: Social Media - Katherine Akey | @51:40----more---- Welcome to World War 1 centennial News - episode #74 - It’s about WW1 THEN - what was happening 100 years ago this week  - and it’s about WW1 NOW - news and updates about the centennial and the commemoration. This week: Dr. Edward Lengel, Katherine Akey and I sit down for our June 1918 preview roundtable Mike Schuster updates us on the fact that it is NOT all quiet on the Western Front Tanveer Kalo tells us about American immigrants from East Indians and their WWI experience Nancy Heingartner shares the story of her great-grandfather, the US Consul in Liege, Belgium in WW1 Susan Wefald [wee-fald] tells us about the 100 Cities/100 Memorials project in Bismarck, North Dakota Katherine Akey with the commemoration of world war one in social media And a whole lot more on WW1 Centennial News -- a weekly podcast brought to you by the U.S. World War I Centennial Commission, the Pritzker Military Museum and Library and the Starr foundation. I’m Theo Mayer - the Chief Technologist for the Commission and your host. Welcome to the show. [MUSIC] Preface The first week of every month, we invite you to our preview roundtable where Dr. Ed lengel, Katherine Akey and I talk about the upcoming month and the key events that happened 100 years ago.  The question on the table as we sat down was, “ what WERE the big stories and themes in June 1918… What follows is our conversation. [MUSIC TRANSITION] [TRANSITION] World War One THEN June 1918 Roundtable [Ed Lengel, Katherine Akey, Theo Mayer take an overview of June 1918] [MUSIC TRANSITION] Great War Project Let’s move on to the great war project with Mike Shuster, former NPR correspondent and curator for the Great War project blog. Mike - in your post this week you talk about Pershing telling the Allies that the American Forces would not really be ready till the end of the year - maybe not until 1919 - which totally freaks everyone out. The French are quite certain that they cannot last till then, aren’t they Mike? [MIKE POST] Mike Shuster, curator for the Great War Project blog. The link to his post is in the podcast notes LINK: http://greatwarproject.org/2018/05/27/americans-not-ready-until-1919/ [SOUND EFFECT] World War One NOW And that’s what was happening 100 Years ago  - It is time to fast forward into the present with WW1 Centennial News NOW - [SOUND EFFECT] This part of the podcast focuses on NOW and how we are commemorating the centennial of WWI Commission News Memorial Day Follow Up: This past weekend we celebrated Memorial Day -- and WWI commemorations were front and center in communities all across the country. The Commission had a pretty busy weekend as well! First of all we had a float to commemorate the centennial of WWI in the National Memorial Day parade in Washington, DC. Besides being joined by  a number of very cool WW1-era trucks and vehicles, General John J. Pershing himself -- and a bunch of reenactors - We also introduced America’s National WWI Memorial -- asking crowds - “Did you know that every major war of the 20th century has a Memorial in the Nation’s capitol except WWI?” The unbelieving shock at this revelation was pretty universal. Everyone assumes that there is one! But there’s not [video clip of anchors] [SOUND EFFECT] Now New York City always has quite a Memorial Day - Besides their own parade, the Navy coming to town for the much beloved Fleet week - this year the Commission was instrumental in sponsoring a very special event for the occasion. The musicians of the 369th Experience brought turn-of-the-century ragtime and Jazz onto the decks of the USS Intrepid at the Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum at  Manhattan’s Pier 86. Carrying on the legacy of the famous Harlem Hellfighters Regimental band, the 369th Experience pulled together talented modern-day musicians from  HBCU’s - Historically black colleges and universities, all around the country. The musicians competed to participate in this 369th regimental band tribute -- and a number of amazing and amazed young men came to New York for a truly memorable experience! [Video clip from PIX 11 News] We collected the social media posts about the 369th Regiment, regimental band and the Memorial day concerts from everywhere, and put them in a special gallery at ww1cc.org/369th or follow the various links in the podcast notes to learn more. Links: http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/369th-experience-gallery.html http://pix11.com/2018/05/28/young-jazz-musicians-recreate-music-of-harlem-hellfighters/ www.IntrepidMuseum.org https://www.369experience.com/ http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/369th-experience.html Remembering Veterans East Indian Americans in WW1 with Tanveer Kalo This week For Remembering Veterans -- We want to end the month of May-- which is Asian Pacific American Heritage Month-- with a focus on Indian American immigrants in WW1. Our guest for this segment has an unusual background in his WWI expertise… He has become one of the leading “ Go To Guys” when it comes to indian participation in WWI.  He just graduated as the Ronald E. McNair Scholar from St. Lawrence University - but before that - he was an intern at our own World War One Centennial Commission. His name is Tanveer Kalo, Tanveer, thank you for joining us! [greetings] [Tanveer-- it is so exciting to see an intern from the commission continuing their passion fanned to flame by that experience. Can you tell us the story of of your intern experience and how it shaped this interest of yours in the Indian American experience of a hundred years ago?] [When you interned, you helped the noted journalist Suruchi Mohan put together one of our publishing partner site called Vande Mataram and dedicated to the Indian American experience.] [The site features the story of the “Hindoo” conspiracy -- can give us an overview of the incident?] [You recently wrote up a profile on Dr. Bhagat Singh Thind -- who was he, and why did you choose to focus on his story?] [Tanveer… What’s next on your horizon?] [Tanveer - we are all very proud and excited about your growing work and recognition in this area. Thank you so much for coming in and speaking with us today!] [goodbyes/thanks] Tanveer Kalo just graduated as the Ronald E. McNair Scholar from St. Lawrence University and a former WW1 Centennial Commission Intern. Read his articles and learn more about Indian American service in WW1 at the links in the podcast notes. Links:http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/strange-nexus-indians-germans-the-great-trial.html http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/press-media/wwi-centennial-news/4310-re-discovering-the-unknown-world-war-i-s-south-asian-soldiers-in-the-us-military.html http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/indians-who-served.html Special Remembering WWI Belgian Children’s Project In a special Remembering WWI segment -- we’re going to hear about a very touching and heartfelt tribute made by Belgian refugee children from one hundred years ago. For this, we are joined by Nancy Heingartner, the Assistant Director for Outreach at the University of Wisconsin  Madison's Institute for Regional and International Studies. Nancy also happens to be the great-granddaughter of Alexander Heingartner, the U.S. Consul in liege, Belgium, in 1915. Her discoveries in a family attic has gifted her with a very special collection of letters sent to Alexander Heingartner -- letters of thanks -- from Belgian school children 100 years ago. Nancy - welcome to the podcast! [greetings/welcome] [Nancy, could you start off by telling us a bit about your great-grandfather? Was he in Belgium when the war broke out?] [The children writing him letters were thanking him for the support and provisions given to them by the Commission for Relief in Belgium -- Now that was the organization that was led by a young engineer and mining consultant named Herbert Hoover - what is that Commission, and how was your Great-Grandfather involved in it?] [Tell us about the letters! We’re audio only, but we hear that they are really delicate and beautiful objects.] [What are your plans for the letters now?] [thanks/goodbyes] Nancy Heingartner is the Assistant Director for Outreach at the University of Wisconsin, Madison's Institute for Regional and International Studies. Learn more about her discoveries by following the links in the podcast notes. Link: https://www.facebook.com/usembassybelgium/photos/a.119544323109.103769.39878083109/10153509217488110/?type=3&theater https://hoover.archives.gov/exhibits/years-compassion-1914-1923 https://www.hoover.org/events/glory-and-gratitude-united-states https://airandspace.si.edu/events/world-war-i-legacy-letters-and-belgian-war-lace 100 Cities / 100 Memorials World War Memorial Building - Bismarck, ND Moving on to our 100 Cities / 100 Memorials segment about the $200,000 matching grant challenge to rescue and focus on our local WWI memorials. This week we’re profiling a project from Bismarck, North Dakota - it is the capital city of North Dakota located on the bluffs of the Missouri River.. With us to tell us more about the World War Memorial Building project is Susan Wefald, vice chair of the North Dakota World War I Centennial Committee, an active volunteer, and a retired elected state official. Susan, Welcome to the Podcast! [Susan, your project involves a WWI memorial building rather than a statue or a monument. What made your community decide to build a WWI memorial building in 1929?] [In its early years, the building housed the state legislature for a time, how did that come about?] [Susan, you have clearly been the spearhead for a lobby restoration efforts, how did you get involved.] [Has there been any community reaction to the site being selected as a WWI Centennial Memorial site?] [What stage is the work at?] [Do you plan a rededication?] Thank you Susan for coming in and telling us about the project. [goodbyes/thank you] Susan Wefald is vice chair of the North Dakota World War I Centennial Committee. Learn more about the 100 Cities/100 Memorials program by following the link in the podcast notes. Links: www.ww1cc.org/100cities Speaking WW1 Welcome to our weekly feature “Speaking World War 1” -- Where we explore the words & phrases that are rooted in the war  --- After April 6th of last year, we started talking about the Cantonments that the US government was building all around the country to train our millions of new recruits. Everybody got the idea that Cantonments were big ol’ training camps from the context we used it in  - All the historians. and military experts around me were using the word like it was something I should have known - but you know, when I started asking around, who the heck uses the term Cantonment on a regular basis!? Seriously - turn out that the word cantonment comes from a 16th century middle french term for a corner or angle - which leads to an area - then a section of land - then a segment of a region - By 1917, Cantonment was the name for a permanent military camp or garrisons -- and for World War One the US built some 30 of these camps to accommodate the training for our new army. Cantonment -  but a pretty esoteric term for my money!  - this week’s word for Speaking WWI Next week we are going to look at the word Boot Camp - which also shows up at this time, and unlike Cantonment - it sticks around and is popular  today! Links: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantonment [SOUND EFFECT] WW1 War Tech Flammenwerfer Now for WW1 War Tech -- This week we’re looking at one of the truly horrific ww1 weapons - tweaked up by the Germans and called - Der FlammenWerfer - which quite literally translated as the flame thrower.  100 years ago as the Americans entered the fray at Cantigny, French flamethrower troops were part of the offensive forces used against the Germans. Now The idea of the flamethrower goes WAY back… to the 5th century BC, with some of the earliest working examples dating back to the Byzantine era --- by the 1st century AD hand-pumped flamethrowers on board ships were being used and known as Greek Fire. The more contemporary version of the weapon was developed in the early 1900s by the German inventor Richard Fiedler. There were two types, the Kleinflammenwerfer and the Grossflammenwerfer, which appropriate to very  literal nature of the german language means the small flame thrower and big flame thrower. The small ones were one-man portable backpack devices and the large ones were three-man, big hose, big pressure, long throw monsters. Although it was initially placed into the German arsenal in 1911, the flamethrower wasn’t used extensively until the summer of 1915. The shock, fear and terror caused by the cascading sheets of fire led to quite a panic among the defenders. It really is a horribly grizzly weapon! And like so many other devastations of  WWI, the Allies quickly began developing their own flame throwing machines. Meanwhile, flamethrower operators typically do not live very long. The first threat is not from the enemy but from potential fatal malfunctions of the weapon -- after all, with the portable ones, you were essentially carrying around an explosive backpack with a lit fuse. - with the big ones - well it’s just sort of nutty to squirt huge quantities of flammable liquids out a nozzle and then light it on fire…   Enemy gunfire is a pretty big threat too  - You know that nicely lit-up guy with the flame stick -- well he’s just a natural target to shoot at first. The Flammenwerfer - another horrific WWI weapon and this week’s subject for WWI War Tech  -- Learn more at the links in the podcast notes. Link:http://www.firstworldwar.com/weaponry/flamethrowers.htm https://mashable.com/2016/02/04/wwi-flamethrowers/#r9GQDQ6KUqq7 Articles and Posts For Articles and posts -- here are some of the highlights from our weekly Dispatch newsletter. [DING] Headline: In DC Memorial Day Parade, heir to the Pie Man from Georgetown recalls efforts which provided ‘Dough for the Doughboys’ Writer Anthony Hayes, in  the Baltimore Post Examiner tells the amazing World War I history behind the quaint pie truck-- a black Model T box truck – replete with it’s creamy-white “Connecticut – Copperthite Pie Company” WWI logo. [DING] Headline: POLITICO article offers in-depth look at current status of new national World War I Memorial at Pershing Park in Washington, DC POLITICO published a broad-ranging and insightful article on May 28 that takes a hard look at the obstacles facing  progress of the new national World War I Memorial at Pershing Park in Washington, DC, and the opportunities which may emerge from moving forward on the project in the coming months. [DING] Headline: Lowdermilk book aims to "shine the light of awareness" of WWI for next generation Upon receiving the diary of his grandfather, a World War I veteran, writer and photographer Jeffrey Lowdermilk was inspired to honor his grandfather’s memory by taking the same journey across Europe. mLearn about his book, Honoring The Doughboys: Following My Grandfather’s WWI Diary. [DING] Headline: "There But Not There" silhouettes honor WWI fallen, and support military charities A new nationwide campaign to commemorate the centennial of World War One and raise funds for military charities was launched across the United States this week -- read the article titled…  There But Not There [DING] Headline: This week in the WWrite Blog: I Never Saw Him Drowning: Great-Uncle Charlie and the Great War Philip Metres tells the story of his Great-Uncle Charlie, his veteran father, and of his own exploration of war through writing and poetry. [DING] Finally, our  selection from our Official online Centennial Merchandise store -   this week, it’s centennial key tag, inscribed with -  nothing can stop these men! Inspired by an original World War One poster, this key tag features the dramatic image of a bayonet advance on the enemy, with the United States flag in the upper corner. You can get it at in our official Merchandise store by following the links in our weekly newsletter the Dispatch… Subscribe by going to ww1cc.org/subscribe or follow the link in the podcast notes Link: http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/2015-12-28-18-26-00/subscribe.html http://www.ww1cc.org/dispatch The Buzz And that brings us to the buzz - the centennial of WW1 this week in social media with Katherine Akey - Katherine, what did you pick? Memorial Day Stories and More We have so many photo albums, links and articles to share with everyone from Memorial Day weekend! In the podcast links you’ll find photos and reports from the American Battle Monuments Commission and the US Army Center of Military History -- both of whom participated in the Grand Opening ceremony of the new Visitors Center at the American Monument in Chateau-Thierry, France on Sunday May 27th. You’ll also find links to videos of the Memorial Day commemorations at the Lafayette Escadrille Memorial and of WW1 Centennial Commissioner Monique Seefried speaking from the fields of the Meuse Argonne. There’s also an article from NPR about the temporary Poppy memorial set up on the National Mall over the weekend -- 645,000 synthetic flowers — one for each American killed in an international conflict since the start of World War I — pressed against acrylic panels and backlit. Finally -- the team behind the film Sgt Stubby: An American Hero have teamed up with the American Legion to bring the film to communities across the country! Fun Academy Motion Pictures is offering American Legion posts nationwide opportunities to screen the critically acclaimed animated film beginning Memorial Day weekend and continuing through Veterans Day with the help of veterans-outreach nonprofit VetFlicks.org. Read more about it, and how to organize a screening in your local American Legion Post, by following the link in the podcast notes. That’s it for this week in the Buzz. Link:https://www.facebook.com/100ansUSenHauteMarne/posts/1780423115382053 https://www.facebook.com/armyhistory/posts/10156495210877853 https://www.facebook.com/HQUSAFE/videos/10156442806307020/?hc_ref=ARTUh_hefefiOubK-738wZeip6G9XIN5T7Qefh2TDJsAj-Gc0ykJwwc7bgYc0EmiBfw https://www.facebook.com/pg/abmcpage/photos/?tab=album&album_id=1919925101359525 https://www.facebook.com/armyhistory/videos/10156495401912853/?hc_ref=ARRhGVsBtjxBa9_pZMMq663_RS8rvAZ0hs57B7zYaGHKkQqnRCf3Ge1zk84hdqwcKHQ https://www.facebook.com/NPR/posts/10156950318706756 https://www.legion.org/honor/242035/sgt-stubby-american-hero-screenings-offered-american-legion-posts Outro And that wraps up the last week of May for WW1 Centennial News. Thank you so much for joining us. We also want to thank our guests... Mike Shuster, Curator for the great war project blog Dr. Edward Lengel, Military historian and author Tanveer Kalo , a quickly developing expert on indians in WW1 and a former Centennial Commission Intern Nancy Heingartner, educator and custodian of a great century old collection of thank you letters from Belgian students Susan Wefald,  vice chair of the North Dakota World War I Centennial Committee Katherine Akey, WWI Photography specialist and line producer for the podcast Many thanks to Mac Nelsen our hard working sound editor who makes us all sound like we never make mistakes --- And of course I never do! I’m Theo Mayer your host. The US World War One Centennial Commission was created by Congress to honor, commemorate and educate about WW1. Our programs are to-- inspire a national conversation and awareness about WW1; Including this podcast! We are bringing the lessons of the 100 years ago into today's classrooms; We are helping to restore WW1 memorials in communities of all sizes across our country; and of course we are building America’s National WW1 Memorial in Washington DC. We want to thank commission’s founding sponsor the Pritzker Military Museum and Library as well as the Starr foundation for their support. The podcast can be found on our website at ww1cc.org/cn  - now with our new interactive transcript feature for students, teachers, bloggers, reporters and writers. You can also access the WW1 Centennial News podcast on  iTunes, Google Play, TuneIn, Podbean, Stitcher - Radio on Demand, Spotify, using your smart speaker.. By saying “Play W W One Centennial News Podcast” - and now also available on Youtube - just search for our WW1 Centennial youtube channel. Our twitter and instagram handles are both @ww1cc and we are on facebook @ww1centennial. Thank you for joining us. And don’t forget to share the stories you are hearing here today about the war that changed the world! [music] In closing, We have a discovered fact that is very strange but true… Did you know that there are over 26,000 people in the united states that tend to use the word “cantonment” multiple times a week, and have for decades - Yup - and they all live near pensacola, Florida in, you guessed it - the only town in the US called cantonment. So long!

Highlights May 1918 Preview Roundtable - Ed Lengel, Katherine Akey, Theo Mayer | 02:50 General Rumblings - Mike Shuster | 18:00 War In The Sky - Eddie Rickenbacker | 21:45 Documentary: “Blackjack Pershing: Love and War” - Prof. Barney McCoy | 25:55 The big influenza pandemic - Kenneth C. Davis | 32:15 WW1 War Tech - Fed billions, killed millions: The tragic story of Fritz Haber | 39:25 100 Cities / 100 Memorials from Brownwood, Texas - Dr. Steve Kelly | 44:15 Speaking WW1: Binge | 50:00 Articles and Posts: Highlights from the Weekly Dispatch | 51:50 The Commemoration in Social Media - Katherine Akey | 54:15----more---- Opening Welcome to World War 1 centennial News - episode #70 - It’s about WW1 THEN - what was happening 100 years ago this week  - and it’s about WW1 NOW - news and updates about the centennial and the commemoration. This week: Dr. Edward Lengel, Katherine Akey and I sit down for our May 1918 preview roundtable Mike Schuster, from the great war project blog with a story of conflict within the Allied forces. Author Kenneth C. Davis shares the story of influenza in 1918 Professor Barney McCoy gives us insight into the upcoming documentary, Blackjack Pershing: Love and War Dr. Steve Kelly with the 100 Cities / 100 Memorial project from Brownwood, Texas. Katherine Akey with the commemoration of world war one in social media And lots more... on WW1 Centennial News -- a weekly podcast brought to you by the U.S. World War I Centennial Commission, the Pritzker Military Museum and Library and the Starr foundation. I’m Theo Mayer - the Chief Technologist for the Commission and your host. Welcome to the show. [MUSIC] Preface Before we get going today, I wanted to tell you about some great new features for the WW1 Centennial News Podcast. First of all, you can now listen to the latest episodes of WW1 Centennial News on YouTube -  if you happen to prefer listening that way!   And something I think is really exciting and useful when you go to our podcast web site at ww1cc.org/CN (Charlie Nancy). When you click the “read more” of the episode, just below the highlights you will find the full and accurate transcript of the show - interactively linked to an audio player. With it, you can scan OR search --- the text of the transcript and wherever you double click - the audio will play. Or if you are listening and want to copy and paste a segment of the transcript for you newsletter, school report or blog, just pause and scan down the scranscript, The section you were hearing is highlighted in blue. This very cool, new interactive transcript technology has been provided by a great little startup called Jotengine… and we have added it to make our podcast even more useful for students, teachers and everyone who wants to share the story of the war the changed the world. World War One THEN 100 Year Ago This Week Roundtable with Katherine, Theo and Ed [SOUND EFFECT] Alright... The first week of every month, we invite you to our preview roundtable where Dr. Ed lengel, Katherine Akey and I had talk about the coming month and the key events that happened 100 years ago.  The question on the table as we sat down was, “ what WERE the big stories and themes in May 1918… What follows is our conversation. [roundtable - see transcript for details] [SOUND EFFECT] Great War Project So that is an overview for the coming month - but now let’s join Mike Shuster - Former NPR corresponded and curator for the Great War Project blog as he explored another key battle that plays out on the Western Front… The battle between the Allied Generals and American General John J. Pershing. They did not see eye-to-eye at all… and Black-Jack Pershing was not going to waver from his belief about how the US army needed to engage. It sound like it was more than just a little contentious Mike!   [MIKE POST] Mike Shuster from the Great War Project blog. The links to Mike Shuster’s Great War Project blog and the post -- are in the podcast notes. LINK: http://greatwarproject.org/2018/04/29/the-allies-quarrel/ [SOUND EFFECT]   War in the Sky America's Top-Scoring Ace Scores his First Victory It is a changing of the guard,  for the War in the Skies over Europe 100 years ago this April and May. In April 1918, Germany’s Manfred von Richthofen falls, and in May America’s Raoul Lufbery. One of the new names that rises among these ashes is that of a Columbus Ohio native every bit as much of a flamboyant character as the early fliers. Before joining the service, he was a famed race car driver who set a land speed record at Daytona of 134 miles per hour - a tough guy, technically too old to be accepted into flight school, and a guy who claimed he was afraid of heights - His name was  Eddie Rickenbacker… Born the oldest son of 5 siblings 1890  -- young Eddie had to step up to become the major family breadwinner, quitting school at only 12 years old, when his father died in a construction accident. A tough beginning for what would turn out to be quite a guy! Having developed a passion for the new technology of the internal combustion engine - by 16 he had landed a job with a race car driver named Lee Frayer, who liked the scrawny, scrappy kid - and let him ride in major races as his mechanic. By 1912 - the young 22 year old was driving his own races and winning! and crashing! and surviving! When war broke out in 1917, Rickenbaker volunteered - but at 27 years old -- was already too old to get accepted to flight school - something the speed demon really wanted to do! Because he had a reputatioh as a race car driver - he was enlisted as a sergeant and sailed for Europe as a driver. There is a lot of lore that he drove John J. Pershing, but that is generally disputed. However, he DID get an assignment to drive Billy Mitchel's flashy twin -six -cylinder packard and talked himself into flight school through the boss! His WWI flying exploits are legendary and the kid from Ohio came home a national hero But that was just the beginning of a colorful life for a scrappy and scrawny kid, turned Ace of Aces, airline President, famed raft suvivor of a plane ditching in the Pacific, potential presidential candidate - who lived large in living color..,, and finally died in 1973 at the age 83 having launched his career as a WWI fighter pilot in the war in sky one hundred years ago this week. Link:http://www.firstworldwar.com/bio/rickenbacker.htm http://www.historynet.com/captain-eddie-rickenbacker-americas-world-war-i-ace-of-aces.htm http://acepilots.com/wwi/us_rickenbacker.html The Great War Channel For videos about WWI 100 years ago this week, and from a more european perspective --- check out our friends at  the Great War Channel on Youtube. New episodes this week include: The first tank-on-tank battle in history -- Tank crew training and more German tank prototypes Plus…. The Finnish Jägers in World War 1 See their videos by searching for “the great war” on youtube or following the link in the podcast notes! Link:https://www.youtube.com/user/TheGreatWar World War One NOW Alright  - It is time to fast forward into the present with WW1 Centennial News NOW - [MUSIC TRANSITION] This part of the podcast isn’t the past --- It focuses on NOW and how we are commemorating the centennial of WWI! [SOUND EFFECT] Commission News Belleau Wood Tree -- Missing but will return This week in Commission News -- We heard, with great distress that the lovely Oak sapling from Belleau Wood,  that had been planted by President’s Macron and Trump on the white house lawn last week - had mysteriously GONE MISSING~!! One day it was there - the next - it wasn’t! Much to our relief, the mystery was resolved quickly. It turns out that the tree - which has made it’s journey from Europe with Macron had to be put into temporary quarantine - a typical procedure for living agricultural goods imported from overseas. It’ll be put back to its original spot as soon as it get out of detention! We put a link to the story in the podcast notes! Link: https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/mystery-solved-why-trump-macron-friendship-tree-vanished/ar-AAwxbt3?OCID=ansmsnnews11 Spotlight on the Media Blackjack Pershing: Love and War We have a spotlight on the media for you! The spotlight is on US General of the Armies, the American Expeditionary Forces commander General John J. Pershing. [RUN AUDIO CLIP FROM TRAILER] That clip is from a new documentary “Black Jack Pershing: Love and War” - and today -- we’re joined by the film’s producer -  Barney McCoy professor of journalism at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Welcome, Barney! [welcome/greetings] [Barney-- I understand your film looks is not just about Pershing the General but also Pershing the man, who also suffered and endured great personal tragedy and heartbreak in his life. Can you give us an overview of the story in the film?] [Now, you made this documentary by incorporating hundreds of U.S. Army Signal Corps photographs and films from the National Archives -- what was the research process like? And did you come across anything surprising as you were poking around the archives?] [How did you get involved in this film? How did it happen?] [A very important question… When and where can people see the film?] [thank you/goodbyes] Barney McCoy is professor of journalism at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and the producer of “Black Jack Pershing: Love and War”. We’ve included links to the film’s trailer, website and upcoming screenings in the podcast notes! Links:https://www.archives.gov/calendar/event/black-jack-pershing-love-and-war https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ru3DzGSwdeE https://jjpershing.com/ Remembering Veterans The Influenza of 1918 This week For Remembering Veterans -- we’re turning our attention away from the battlefield and looking at a phenomenon that took more lives than the bullets or shells. With us to explore the story of the Flu pandemic 100 years ago, is Kenneth C. Davis, bestselling author of the  “Don’t Know Much About” book series. In fact, during our editorial meeting, when we were discussing the interview our intern, John enthused that these books were on his shelf as he was growing up… Well, Kenneth’s new book is coming out on May 15th and it is called:  More Deadly Than War: The Hidden History of the Spanish Flu and the First World War .. a fascinating subject by a wonderful writer! Kenneth! Welcome to the Podcast. [greetings] [Ken- Let’s start with the name of this flu pandemic - Patient Zero was not from Spain were they?] [How big and bad was it? I have heard a lot of varying numbers but whatever they are, the scale staggers the imagination!] [We have a global war - we have a global pandemic - how do the dots connect? ] [Ken - what made this particular flu so especially deadly?] [Well, a quick follow up on that - and Katherine our line producer asked about this - with so many advanced in medicine in this particular moment in history - why did medicine not get ahead of this one?] [Do you think this deadly global event still echoes today? ] [Thank you so much for coming in and speaking with us today!] [goodbyes/thanks] Kenneth C. Davis is the bestselling author of the Don’t Know Much About Book series. Don’t miss his upcoming -  More Deadly Than War: The Hidden History of the Spanish Flu and the First World War available at your favorite bookseller May 15th! We have put links to his work and upcoming events in the podcast notes. Links: www.dontknowmuch.com http://dontknowmuch.com/books/more-deadly-than-war/ http://www.pritzkermilitary.org/whats_on/pritzker-military-presents/kenneth-davis-more-deadly-war/ https://www.amazon.com/More-Deadly-Than-War-History/dp/1250145120/ref=sr_1_6 WW1 War Tech Fritz Haber For WW1 War Tech -- we are going to tell you the amazing and tragic story of a WW1 era technologist, the German chemist Fritz Haber! Fritz Haber is one of the most underappreciated actors of World War I whose discoveries spanned from the life giving to the life taking. He was celebrated with Nobel Prize for developing chemical fertilizers -- and equally vilified for another invention, chlorine gas. Tragically one of his most vocal critics was his wife, Clara, who was not only an ardent pacifist but an accomplished chemist herself. The invention of what is known as the “Haber Process” was the result of wartime necessities. Even before World War I, German military strategists recognized the potential of a total British naval blockade on their country, which would do tremendous damage to their ability to import the materials required to manufacture weapons. One particularly vulnerable commodity were the nitrates imported from South America, used in the development of ammonia for explosives. Haber discovered a new method of creating ammonia by combining nitrogen and hydrogen gases. Since ammonia is also used as a fertilizer, the Haber Process allowed for the mass production of agricultural fertilizers, transforming agriculture both inside and outside Germany. Much of the reason behind why the world is able to support a population of more than seven billion is the use of these  fertilizers, which all have their roots in the Haber Process. And for his method of creating artificial ammonia, Haber was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1918. But as we said, another of Haber’s invention would come to overshadow this incredible discovery. When World War I finally broke out in 1914, the quick victory expected by many military generals soon became a slow, bloody struggle to shift the frontlines only a few miles either way. The German High Command quickly realized they needed a new, fearsome weapon to break the stalemate. It was the strongly patriotic Haber who came up with the solution: by combining the ammonia he extracted from the air with chlorine, he could produce a gas that would asphyxiate all who encountered it-- Haber was on hand personally when his Chlorine Gas was first released by the German military at the Second Battle of Ypres.  Over 5,000 men, not recognizing this new weapon’s true danger, were quickly overcome, and were found by their fellow soldiers with their faces turned black and shirts torn open in a desperate search for air. Germany’s use of poison gas at Ypres would set a precedent for an unprecedented tactic, one that would scar many men for a lifetime after the war ended. People around the world were horrified by Harber’s new, deadly invention, but among the most repelled was Haber’s own wife, Clara. At a party celebrating his promotion to Captain as a result of his work in poison gas nine days after the test at Ypres, Clara directly confronted her husband, calling him morally bankrupt and his efforts monstrous. Haber ignored her. Later that night, no longer able to stand her marriage, Clara shot herself in the garden with her husband’s pistol. Haber left the next day to supervise another gas attack on the Western Front, leaving his young son to grieve alone. After the war ended in Germany’s defeat, a brokenhearted Haber would try to single handedly pay back the burdensome war reparations by inventing a process to distill dissolved gold floating in the ocean, an ultimately unsuccessful endeavour. There is a final,  tragic and ironic twist on Haber’s legacy… during WWII - When the Nazi regime was looking for ways to best murder their many classes of undesirables, they came upon one of Haber’s products, a pesticide called Zyklon. The Nazi authorities used this chemical to gas millions of innocent victims in the Holocaust, including the Jewish German Haber’s own friends and family. Fritz Haber, a brilliant man whose fertilizer invention have fed billions, who’s weaponized inventions killed million, whose wife shot herself in protest and whose family and friends were finally gassed in concentration camps with his own invention… an epic, tragic and another amazing story of the war that changed the world and this week’s WWI War Tech. We have links for you in the podcast notes. Links:https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/research/g1577/7-surprising-scientific-advances-that-came-out-of-world-war-i/ http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/~paulmay/haber/haber.htm https://www.sciencehistory.org/historical-profile/fritz-haber https://www.britannica.com/topic/Gymnasium-German-school https://www.britannica.com/biography/Fritz-Haber https://medium.com/the-mission/the-tragedy-of-fritz-haber-the-monster-who-fed-the-world-ec19a9834f74 https://jwa.org/encyclopedia/article/immerwahr-clara 100 Cities 100 Memorials Brownwood Texas This week for our 100 Cities / 100 Memorials segment ---  the $200,000 matching grant challenge to rescue and focus on our local WWI memorials --- We are updating one of the very first projects we profiled on the podcast - From even before the first round of submissions were closed.   Joining us again for an update on the 100 Cities / 100 Memorials project from Brownwood Texas is Dr. Steve Kelly, the immediate past president of the Central Texas Veterans Memorial - Steve welcome back to the show. [Greetings and Welcome] [Steve - The last time we spoke your project was just a candidate, but it has since been designated an official WW1 Centennial Memorial - Congratulations…] [For your project you moved your WWI memorial from behind a bush at an old, closed high school to a new memorial site at your local American Legion post 196… Can you tell us a bit more about that?] [As I recall from the last time we spoke, you have both a commemoration and an educational component to you project - how did you do that?] [Steve - What stage is the whole project at now and do you have rededication plans?] [Thank you for coming on and giving us an update on your project from Brown County Texas!] [Thanks/goodbye] Dr. Steve Kelly is the immediate past president of the Central Texas Veterans Memorial in Brownwood, Texas. Learn more about the 100 Cities/100 Memorials program by following the links in the podcast notes or by going to ww1cc.org/100Memorials Link: www.ww1cc.org/100cities Speaking WW1 Binge Welcome to our weekly feature “Speaking World War 1” -- Where we explore the words & phrases that are rooted in the war  --- Let’s start by thinking… Obsessive, Compulsive Consumption…. I heard a great analysis of our modern media times recently. It talked about the fact that in our new age, we no longer have “stop cues” for media consumption. You don’t read the paper, you take in an endless stream of news feeds and tweets. You don’t watch a TV show, you find yourself awake on the couch at 3am with just 2 episodes left to finish the fourth season of The Office -- and you’re not alone! Without “stop cues” the analysis went on, we are media binging all the time.. And that brings us to our Speaking WW1 word for this week…. BINGE. And who would you have thought that that phrase made its way to the 21st century by way of the trenches? Binge was originally a “Northern English” term meaning to over-indulge. The word first appeared in printed form in 1854, with a clearly alcohol-related connotation. And a connotation that may have carried forward for many of our listener to their college years with Binge Drinking! The term remained regional to Northern England until World War 1, when it spread through the english speaking forces and became standardized in the English lexicon. It also started being used to describe the obsessive compulsive, consumption of food.  Which led to the description of an eating disorder called binge & purge… So now it’s meaning has expanded to include any number of new categories: food, drink, media, entertainment and… well many others! Binge-- obsessive, compulsive, consumption - and this week’s words for speaking WW1. There are links for you in the podcast notes. Links:https://www.phrases.org.uk/meanings/binge-drinking.html http://www.dictionary.com/browse/binge http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/4tN7cVtY2VY2sbGtX6z9Df3/12-words-from-100-years-ago-we-love-to-use-today [SOUND EFFECT] Articles and Posts Weekly Dispatch Newsletter Highlights   For Articles and posts -- here are some of the highlights from our weekly Dispatch newsletter which you can subscribe to at ww1cc.org/subscribe or through the podcast notes. [DING] Headline: Two WWI nurses led the way for women in today’s Wisconsin National Guard Read the story of two women serving as Army nurses in World War I pioneering the opportunity for women to serve in every duty position in the Wisconsin National Guard. [DING] Headline: NARA is getting WWI Army Division records online - with citizen help! The National Archives Records Administration also know as NARA Is getting Citizen Archivists to help make these records more accessible. If you’d like to help NARA transcribe these historic handwritten records - You CAN! There’s a link in the podcast notes for you to get started. [DING] The studio that brought you 'Wallace and Grommit' is creating an emotional World War I game Read more about the new videogame 11-11: Memories Retold, a narrative adventure about two World War I soldiers who meet under the "most unlikely of circumstances." [DING] Headline: Doughboy MIA for week of April 30 Read about Pvt. Charles H. Holland, a native of Mississippi and member of the 2nd Division-- 9th Infantry--Company L-- Charles was  wounded in action during the battle of Soissons--- he was carried off to a field hospital and never seen nor heard from again. [DING] Finally, our  selection from our Official online Centennial Merchandise store -   this week, with Memorial Day coming up - it’s your last chance to order our small, 8" X 12" WWI Centennial flags for Memorial Day. This is the year to display the memorial ground flags honoring your local fallen doughboys! You’ll be doing  "Double Honors", because a portion of the proceeds from the sale of this item goes to building America's National World War I Memorial at Pershing Park, in Washington DC. And those are some of the headlines this week from the Dispatch Newsletter Check the links in the podcast notes Link: http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/2015-12-28-18-26-00/subscribe.html http://www.ww1cc.org/dispatch https://www.archives.gov/citizen-archivist/missions The Buzz The Commemoration in Social Media And that brings us to the buzz - the centennial of WW1 this week in social media with Katherine Akey - Katherine, what did you pick? Motorcycles, Mail and the Military Times Hi Theo -- We shared a video this week on Facebook from one of the Commission’s Commemorative partners, the French Centenaire 14-18 -- it shows the project undertaken by two frenchmen to restore an American doughboy’s Harley-Davidson-- which they are now bringing to, and driving across America. The motorbike would have been used to carry messages behind the lines, and less than a thousand are thought to have made it to today. Watch the video and read an article about the project at the link in the podcast notes -- we’ve also included a link to the frenchmen’s facebook page so you can follow their journey as they ride the bike across the US! Also on facebook this week -- we shared a photograph of a humble receipt from the Harry S. Truman Library and Museum. This week 100 years ago, the future president was a Captain in the Army, commanding a battery of field artillery on the western front. And-- his birthday was coming up! So his loving wife Bess ordered him a fruit cake, having it shipped to his 129th field artillery in France. The receipt shows her purchase from the Jones Store Company in Kansas City, Missouri -- likely a fruit cake would survive the journey, and we hope he enjoyed it on his birthday on May 8th, 1918. And if you’re wondering -- it cost a whopping total of $1.40, equivalent to about $25 now, to buy and send the birthday treat. See the receipt yourself at the link in the notes. Finally this week, I wanted to point you towards a very thoughtful opinion piece from the Military Times website -- May is Mental Health Awareness Month, a subject that has been deeply important to the success and wellbeing of our armed service members throughout history. The article is entitled “A century after ‘shell shock,’ struggle to address post-combat trauma continues” -- and it opens up questions about our understanding of PTSD, and our relatively recent acceptance of trauma as a significant and common affliction. Read more about how WW1 changed our understanding and treatment of Shell Shock and PTSD at the link in the podcast notes -- we’ll have guests on later this month to continue to address the topic. That’s it for this week in the Buzz. Link:https://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/pays-de-la-loire/loire-atlantique/nantes/centenaire-14-18-harley-armee-americaine-repart-nantes-us-1467347.html www.facebook.com/operationtwinlinks https://www.facebook.com/TrumanPresidentialLibrary/posts/10155390413860770 https://www.militarytimes.com/military-honor/world-war-i/2017/04/19/a-century-after-shell-shock-struggle-to-address-post-combat-trauma-continues/ [SOUND EFFECT] Outro And that wraps up the first week of May for WW1 Centennial News. Thank you for listening. We also want to thank our guests... Dr. Edward Lengel, Military historian and author Mike Shuster, Curator for the great war project blog Kenneth C. Davis, author and historian Barney McCoy, professor of journalism at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln Dr. Steve Kelly with the 100 Cities / 100 Memorial project from Brownwood, Texas. Katherine Akey, WWI Photography specialist and the line producer for the podcast Many thanks to Mac Nelsen our sound editor as well as John Morreale our intern and Eric Marr for their great research assistance... And I am Theo Mayer - your host. [MUSIC and under] The US World War One Centennial Commission was created by Congress to honor, commemorate and educate about WW1. Our programs are to-- inspire a national conversation and awareness about WW1; Including this podcast! We are bringing the lessons of the 100 years ago into today's classrooms; We are helping to restore WW1 memorials in communities of all sizes across our country; and of course we are building America’s National WW1 Memorial in Washington DC. We want to thank commission’s founding sponsor the Pritzker Military Museum and Library as well as the Starr foundation for their support.   The podcast can be found on our website at ww1cc.org/cn  - now with our new interactive transcript feature for students, teachers and sharing. Or search WW1 Centennial News on  iTunes, Google Play, TuneIn, Podbean, Stitcher - Radio on Demand, Spotify or using your smart speaker.. Just say “Play W W One Centennial News Podcast” - and now also available on Youtube at WW1 Centennial. Our twitter and instagram handles are both @ww1cc and we are on facebook @ww1centennial. Thank you for joining us. And don’t forget to share the stories you are hearing here today about the war that changed the world! [music] Talk about binging - I just got a note from a listeners - who has decided to listening to all of 1917 from our WW1 Centennial news podcast, eating a pizza with every episode, washed down with a six pack.. that sounds awful and I’m just kidding! So long!

"P.S. Boss don't you worry while me and Less is gone, for we will be back in about a year from now. Ha Ha!" In his fourteenth letter home from Camp Lee, Virginia, dated May 6, 1918, PFC Charles “Dutch” Riggle, a WWI soldier from Wheeling, WV, tells his brother James “Abe” Riggle that he's as well as ever and having a good time eight miles from Camp Lee on military police duty. They are guarding an electrical power plant, a waterworks, and a bridge across the Appomattox River. It's a dandy place to fish. The plant supplies electricity and water for Camp Lee. It's "90 degrees in the shade," but they have a swing to jump in the river. He says Les [Lester Scott] is "driving mules every day." If Charles Gettings is sent to Camp Lee, Dutch wants him to look him up. He's still with Tub Meriner, a "dandy good fellow." Dutch supposes Walter Toland is showing his courage now in France. He thinks we've got a good Army of a million men in France and even though they are not fighting much now, the Germans will get licked soon. Just a few days prior on May 2, 1918, British and French military leaders argued at a meeting in Abbeville over the entry of U.S. troops into the conflict. American soldiers were arriving at the rate of 120,000 per month, but as Charles Riggle noted in his letter, very few were yet involved in fighting despite the ongoing German Spring Offensive. General John J. Pershing, commander of the American Expeditionary Force (AEF), resisted giving the Allies power to command his troops. Pershing reached a compromise, allowing one third of U.S. troops to join the effort by July. The remainder would benefit from more training. These decisions would have important repercussions for Wheeling PFCs Charles Riggle and Lester Scott and their comrades in arms. Charles “Dutch” Riggle was drafted into the US Army in 1917 and trained at Camp Lee, Virginia, where so many Wheeling draftees and volunteers—including his sister-in-law Minnie Riggle’s brother, Lester Scott—were trained. Dutch Riggle was a Private First Class in Battery F of the 314th Field Artillery Supply Company, in France. Riggle was a farm boy with little formal education who grew up in the hills of Pennsylvania and West Virginia. He spelled many of his words phonetically. His letters have been transcribed exactly as they were written. This is his fourteenth letter from Camp Lee, dated 100 years ago today, May 6, 1918. Digital scans and a transcript of Charles Riggle's May 6, 1918 letter can be viewed at: www.archivingwheeling.org/blog/from-camp-lee-to-the-great-war-may-6-1918-podcast Credits: "From Camp Lee to the Great War: The letters of Lester Scott and Charles Riggle" is brought to you by archivingwheeling.org in partnership with the Ohio County Public Library (www.ohiocountylibrary.org) and the WALS Foundation (walswheeling.com). Vince Marshall is the voice of Charles Riggle. The letters of Lester Scott and Charles Riggle were transcribed by Jon-Erik Gilot. This podcast was edited and written by Sean Duffy, audio edited by Erin Rothenbuehler. Music: "Junk Man Rag," Roberts, [Luckyeth] (composer), Victor Military Band (performer), 1913, courtesy Library of Congress: www.loc.gov/item/ihas.100010646/ Many thanks to Marjorie Richey for sharing family letters and the stories of her uncles, Lester Scott and Charles “Dutch” Riggle, WWI soldiers from West Virginia.

Highlights 1917 key events in review |@ 01:30 Wilson’s 14 points |@ 07:50 Crisis for the allies - Mike Shuster |@ 11:45 A Century in the Making - Sabin Howard |@ 16:45 Speaking WW1 - Tank |@ 25:00 The Education Program - Dr. Libby O’Connell |@ 26:30 100 Cities / 100 Memorials Round #2 deadline |@ 32:40 The Chaplains Corps in WW1 - Dr. John Boyd |@ 33:15 American Women Physicians in WW1 |@ 39:10 PAFA at Frist |@ 40:30 The Buzz - Katherine Akey |@ 41:15----more---- Opening Welcome to World War 1 centennial News episode #54 - It’s about WW1 THEN - what was happening 100 years ago this week  - and it’s about WW1 NOW - news and updates about the centennial and the commemoration. Today is January 12th, 2018 and our guests this week include: Mike Shuster discussing the situation facing Allied forces at the outset of 1918 Master sculptor Sabin Howard telling us about how, meeting a man named Richard Taylor is transforming his approach to creating the sculpture for the National World War One Memorial in Pershing Park Dr. Libby O’Connell speaking with us about the commission’s Education program Dr John Boyd with the history of chaplains in the Armed Forces during WWI And Katherine Akey, with the Buzz - with some great selections from the centennial of WWI in social media WW1 Centennial News is brought to you by the U.S. World War I Centennial Commission and the Pritzker Military Museum and Library. I’m Theo Mayer - the Chief Technologist for the Commission and your host. Welcome to the show. [MUSIC] Preface You know---- Our way-back machine not only travels in time, but also in space so as we roll back 100 years, but are also going up to 10 thousand feet to get a high level view of what happened in 1917 and a glance into the future for what to expect for this upcoming year ---  in the war the changed the world! [SOUND EFFECT] World War One THEN 100 Year Ago This Week [MUSIC TRANSITION] Looking back across 1917 from way up here,  we can see: Wilson being sworn in as the President who promises to keep us out of the war, but events early in the year, pressure from the allies, aggressive and presumptuous actions by Germany, builds up by spring to a declaration of war. We see a massive rush to mobilize for war. We see our allies struggling with ever more massive and devastating loss of treasure and men - standing on the brink of devastation - and we see the eastern allie - Russia - go through two revolutions in one year - the first - which collapses the Tsarist government - the second - late in the year -- when Lenin and the bolsheviks take over and effectively drop Russia out of the war, This is to Germany’s great delight, anticipating the freeing up of massive resources -- with which Germany can deal the allies - a knock-out punch - in an upcoming spring.   Let’s zoom down for a bit closer look at 1917   In late January, early February Germany resumes unrestricted submarine warfare - reneging on promises made to Wilson after the 1915 sinking of the Lusitania. The US severs diplomatic ties with Germany.   In an attempt to draw the US into the fight, Britain passes along a secret telegram showing an offer by Germany to Mexico promising great rewards including Texas and New Mexico - if Mexico will toss in with Germany - and help take down the US. This does not sit well. By March with Germany attacking shipping everywhere - the Wilson asks congress to put Navy armaments and sailors aboard US merchant ships. Congress doesn’t go for it - so he issues an executive order to the same effect. While over in Russia - Revolution #1 - and Tsar Nicholas II abdicates.. By the end of march, Germany’s blatant aggression against the US gets Wilson’s cabinet to vote unanimously in favor of declaring war. April is big… On the 2nd Wilson delivers a war address to congress, and four days later -  on April 6th -- congress votes to go to war. Over in Europe - French Commander in Chief General Robert Nivelle cranks up a strategic plan that is so flawed and costly in french soldiers lives --- it sets up a French army mutiny ----  NIvelle gets the boot - and the French forces come back online. In May America cranks up the war machine in a big way! Wilson appoints George Creel to head the Committee on Public Information.. Creating a historic government propaganda machine. Congress also passes the selective service act and all men between 18 and 32 have to register. Meanwhile - John J. Pershing is appointed to head of the American Expeditionary Force and goes over to France to assess the situation. June - To deal with strong war opposition at home -  congress passes the US Espionage Act - A massive attacks on “freedom of speech” that makes {QUOTE) all false statements intended to interfere with the military forces of the country or to promote the success of its enemies (UNQUOTE)  illegal. In other words - if you speak up against the draft or the war - you are going to prison. And people do. Same month, the first US troop arrive in France - but not yet to fight - they are there to prepare the way for our army. In July Pershing makes a request for an army of a million men - then just a few weeks later --- revises his request upwards to 3 million. On the fighting front, July, August and september see the first use of Mustard Gas on the battlefield --- and campaigns in the Belgic regions of Ypres and Passchendaele. America is busy building and equipping the largest fighting force of its young history. Money is raised, Industries are nationalized, units are mobilized, the population is galvanized by Mr. Creel and his minions. October marks a disastrous war effort for the italians at the battle of Caporetto --- and in November -  Revolution #2 - the bolsheviks take over  under Lenin and end the battle on the Eastern Front. November also sees the expanded use of a new war machine in the battlefield - the Tank! And at the end of the year - the Brits bring home a little holiday surprise as they finally turn around their struggle with the ottoman empire and defeat the Turks, taking Jerusalem in December. Wow -   Ok… now we’re gonna  zoom back up and look forward at 1918 from overview. Germany’s kaiserslacht, is their big offensive - hoping to deal the allies a death blow… it includes five major offensives over the spring and early summer; The allies lose ground - then gain it back with help of Americans who are coming online Things turn around --- and over the fall, the central powers admit defeat -- one by one so that in November, an armistice is declared… The fighting stops and now some of WWI’s most fascinating stories emerge - as the aftermath of the war, the negotiations, and America’s war cranked economy try to settle on and into a new world order. Wilson’s fourteen points It all actually starts this week. On January 8, 1918 President Woodrow Wilson addresses the U.S. Congress with what would later become known as his "Fourteen Points" the fundamental to America's War Aims.   Inconceivably … up until now, there has been no explicit statement of war aims by any of the nation’s who engaged in this mad destruction.   At his request, a team, led by Walter Lippmann --- and longtime Wilson advisor Colonel House generate a memorandum called “The War Aims and the Peace Terms it Suggests.” from which Wilson crafts one of his most important and influential speeches of his administration - the Fourteen Points. The first six enumerate the causes of world war, and urge: The elimination of secret treaties in favor of open agreements Free navigation of the seas Removal of all economic barriers and established equal trade between nations The reduction of armaments The adjustment of colonial claims and the self-determination of colonized populations in regard to their own sovereignty The evacuation of all Russian territory by the German armies The next seven proceed to rearrange the map of Europe, effectively eradicating the old imperial borders of specific territories and creating independent states. This included: the evacuation of Belgium, the release of French territory, (particularly Alsace-Lorraine), the readjustment of the frontiers of Italy into “clearly recognizable lines of nationality,” the autonomy of Austria-Hungary, the release of occupied territories in the Balkan states, the establishment of political and economic independence along “historically established lines of allegiance,” as well as access to the sea -  for the Serbs Assured sovereignty of Turkey from the Ottoman empire, as well as the right of other nationalities to develop autonomy The establishment of an independent Polish state, with access to the sea And, finally, his fourteenth point -- the creation of a world organization that would provide a system of collective security for all nations - the foundations of the League of Nations. An auspicious beginning for 1918, establishing  a world changing doctrine in what TRULY IS the war that changed the world! [poignant audio hit]   All year, we will be bringing you with us,. on an incredible journey through these amazing times for our national and our global heritage. There are stories of suffering and heroism, humanity and technology, defeat and triumph, diplomacy ...and diplomatic failures. Introducing Dr. Edward Lengel So --- To help us understand all this, starting next week, we will be joined regularly by Dr. Edward Lengel. Dr. Lengel is an American military historian, Chief Historian of the White House Historical Association and sits on the US WWI Centennial Commission’s historical advisory board. Ed gives historians a good name! He is smart, well spoken, an author, and a devout storyteller. We look forward to his contributions to WW1 Centennial News THEN… State of the war front end of 1917: http://today-in-wwi.tumblr.com/post/169156769262/state-of-the-war-end-of-1917 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_G._Lengel [SOUND EFFECT] Great War Project Back with us now is Mike Shuster - former NPR correspondent and curator for the Great War Project Blog. Mike - first of all - welcome back - we missed you over the Holidays -  so… your January post CRISIS FOR THE ALLIES is a great setup piece for 1918 - what are they facing as they roll into the new year? [Mike Shuster] Mike Shuster from the Great War Project blog. We also put some links in the Podcast notes to the articles we missed from Mike over the Holidays. LINK: http://greatwarproject.org/2018/01/07/american-force-resists-integration/ http://greatwarproject.org/2017/12/21/starvation/ http://greatwarproject.org/2017/12/18/the-grim-reality-facing-the-british/   [SOUND EFFECT]   The Great War Channel Over to the Great War Channel on Youtube - They have been producing videos about WW1 since 2014  from a european perspective. A bunch of new episodes were released over the last weeks, including: Transcaucasia in World War One The Sopwith Snipe - WW1 Pilot’s Gear Machinations in the British High Command Inside the Rolls Royce Armoured Car German Anti Tank Units And more. To see their videos about WWI Follow the link in the podcast notes or search for “the great war” on youtube. Link: https://www.youtube.com/user/TheGreatWar World War One NOW It is time to fast forward into the present with  WW1 Centennial News NOW - [SOUND EFFECT] this section is not about history, but rather - it explores what is happening now to commemorate the centennial of the War that changed the world!   A century in the making For 2018 we are introducing a new segment - It’s called: A century in the making - America’s WW1 Memorial in Washington DC. As our regular listeners know, we are building a   national WWI Memorial at Pershing Park in the capitol. It’s a big project. It’s complicated. It’s hard. It’s been a long time coming. So over the coming weeks, we are going to be bringing you along on an insider’s journey that explores this grand undertaking and adventure. The centerpiece of the memorial -  located in this urban park -  just two blocks from the White House -  is planned as a massive bronze bas-relief sculpture that tells the story of both the human and the national experience of the war that changed the world. Joe Weishaar - our brilliant young visionary, who won the international design competition for this memorial -- brought in an incredibly talented artist and sculptor onto his team - Sabin Howard… a traditionally trained - modern classicist sculptor - Sabin has taken on the challenge of telling the American WWI story at scale, in bronze, and for posterity. Sabin Howard - Meeting Richard Taylor So we are going to kick off this series with an interesting story about how Sabin - the traditionalist - has gotten hooked up with Richard Taylor - a tech visionary who has helped Directors Peter Jackson and James Cameron manifest their visions for Lord of the Rings and Avatar…. Welcome, Sabin! Sabin, You are a traditionally trained sculptor - a Modern Classicist - you work with the human form - in a very traditional way - but for this project you are combining classic sculpture with some very high tech. How did that happen, and how are you using cutting edge technology in creating this master work for America? [SABIN INTERVIEW PART I] That was the first installment of “A century in the making - America’s WW1 Memorial in Washington DC” Next week, Sabin will tell us how he is integrating his traditional sketch and clay sculpture process with 3D imaging, programmable milling and additive manufacturing technologies to literally cut years into months for the test / iterate / and retest process in creating a maquette - a 9 foot manifestation of the sculpture. Only YOU can build this memorial “A century in the making” has another part to it that is unique for our weekly podcast. You are more involved in this project than you may realize. Congress - who authorized this memorial - made it the LAW that the National WWI memorial has to be built with individual and corporate funding - no government funding allowed!  Only you can build this memorial -- So I’m going to be asking you to go to WW1CC.org/memorial --- to help honor the memory of those who shaped the world we enjoy today -- with their honest and genuine commitment to our American ideals --- and their personal sacrifice of effort and blood - Now Wer’e not asking you to jump into a bunker with mud and lice ---- all we are asking you to do is to go to wwicc.org/memorial or just pick up your cell phone - heck- it’s probably in you hand right now! Go to your texting app and text the letters ww1 to the number 91999. You can give any amount - Give once or “subscribe to the project” with a monthly gift ===  because you see - this really IS America’s WWI Memorial. Thank you - link:http://www.sabinhoward.com/WW1cc/ https://www.theepochtimes.com/the-next-step-in-a-soldiers-journey_2397769.html https://fineartconnoisseur.com/ www.ww1cc.org/memorial Events As we enter 2018, many commemorations, both big and small, are coming up to remember and honor the service of America and Americans during WW1. You’ll find many of these in the U.S. National WW1 Centennial Events Register at ww1cc.org/events. There are events all across the US and we are now beginning to add key events from abroad as well. On any given day you’ll find literally dozens of WWI related events listed - small, local commemorations and large, international ones. The register is America’s official record of commemorations of the centennial of WWI And you can add your OWN WWI centennial event to the register - with the big red SUBMIT MY EVENT button on the page - even including livestream and social media events. And finally, we wanted to share with you that the American Battle Monuments Commission has published its upcoming commemorative events in France and Belgium. The link to that calendar is included in the podcast notes. Link: www.ww1cc.org/events https://www.abmc.gov/news-events/news/world-war-i-centennial-ceremonies-abmc-sites#.WkzlsdKnFlZ Speaking WW1 And now for our feature “Speaking World War 1” - Where we explore the words & phrases that are rooted in the war  --- One of most iconic new weapon technologies of WWI is the tank. “They rode into WWI on Horses and rode out on Tanks” is a popular phrase that describes the times. This is the grand evolution of the Armored car,  and every side in the conflict tried to create an effective machine. but the British beat everyone to the punch with their Landship, premiering the Mark I in September, 1916. Until then - this was a new secret weapon! The machines were called "tanks" in a ruse describing the big metal things as "water carriers," supposedly for use on the Mesopotamian Front. So in conversation --  the engineers referred to them as "water tanks" or, simply, "tanks." Interestingly, the British Landships Committee even decided to change its name for the same secretive reason, renaming itself the Tank Supply Committee. By the time the machines rolled over the fields of Cambrai in the winter of 1917, not only did the tanks get stuck - but so did the name… no one went for the name land ships - they were simply known then and are still today --- as Tanks -- this week’s word for Speaking WW1. See the podcast notes to learn more! link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_tank Education Interview with Dr. Libby O’Connell In our Education section  -- As we tell every week in our closing - bringing the lessons of WWI into the classroom is one of the Commission’s prime goals - and here to tell us more about the Commission’s education program is Commissioner Dr. Libby O’Connell. Welcome, Libby! [greetings] To start, could you tell us a bit about the education initiative at the commission?  What’s happening now and what are the goals for 2018? Libby - I understand you are now tying the education program to the Memorial program - how does that work? Thanks so much for being on the show again! Dr. Libby O’Connell, World War One Centennial Commissioner, historian and author. Learn more about the education program at ww1cc.org/edu or by following the link in the podcast notes. link:http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/educate-home.html 100 Cities/100 Memorials [SOUND EFFECT Moving on to our 100 Cities / 100 Memorials segment about the $200,000 matching grant challenge to rescue and focus on our local WWI memorials. This coming Monday - January 15, 2018 - the submission period for the second and final round of grant application-- closes. Then we will start the process of selecting the second 50 Awardees to round out the 100 awardees. Check the podcast notes for a link to the program or go to ww1cc.org/100memorials. Link: www.ww1cc.org/100memorials Remembering Veterans Chaplains in the War This week in our Remembering Veterans section -- we’re joined by Dr John "Jay" Boyd,  Historian for the United States Army Chaplain Corps. He is here to tell us more about the history of chaplains in the armed forces and their special role during World War One. Welcome, Dr. Boyd! Dr. Boyd, just to start us off -- What IS a chaplain and what is their role in the military? In WW1- we suddenly had an army - and it was made up of a very diverse group of soldiers -  Was any attention given to the increasing diversity of the troops? There are many stories about the chaplains of World War 1-- does any one in particular stand out to you? Do you have a favorite? Thank you so much for joining us. Dr. John Boyd is the Historian for the United States Army Chaplain Corps. Learn more about chaplains in the military by following the links in the podcast notes. Link: http://usachcs.tradoc.army.mil/ http://bpnews.net/48738/us-entry-to-wwi-remembered-as-chaplaincy-catalyst http://archnyarchives.org/2015/11/10/military-chaplains-in-world-war-i/ http://mentalfloss.com/article/29695/12-heroic-us-military-chaplains [SOUND EFFECT] Articles and Posts American Women Physicians Calling all women doctors - This story is for you!! In articles and posts-- from our rapidly growing website at ww1cc.org -this week, this week there is an article about the American Medical Women’s Association (AMWA) - Now they have created a remarkable new online exhibit, "American Women Physicians in World War I". When the United States entered the war in 1917, women physicians numbered less than 5% of all doctors. Many were eager for the chance to serve their country. But when the Army Surgeon General sent out a call for physicians to serve in the Medical Corps, the women who applied were rejected. Women physician leaders across the country protested this decision and petitioned the government, but the War Department didn’t budge. Despite the stance of the Government, women physicians found ways to participate. Some became civilian contract surgeons in the U.S. Army or served with the French Army. Others volunteered with humanitarian relief organizations. Learn about this amazing story and women physician’s contributions and legacy in WWI by reading the article or by visiting the online exhibit using the links in the podcast notes. Link: http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/press-media/wwi-centennial-news/3926-new-online-exhibit-explores-american-women-physicians-in-world-war-i.html https://www.amwa-doc.org/wwi-exhibition/   WW1 And American Art: Interview Also in Articles and posts this week, we recently interviewed the staff of the Frist Center in Nashville, Tennessee, to discuss the landmark exhibition World War One and American Art, which was organized by the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. The exhibition has been touring the country for the last year and is on view at the Frist through January 21st. The exhibit includes 140 works in all kinds of media, including the monumentally large John Singer Sargeant piece -- Gassed. Frist Center curators and directorial staff responded to our questions about the show, about the war, and about impact on the local region. Read the interview by following the link in the podcast notes. Link: http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/press-media/wwi-centennial-news/3923-last-chance-to-experience-world-war-i-and-american-art-exhibit-at-the-frist-center-in-nashville.html   The Buzz - WW1 in Social Media Posts And that brings us to the buzz - the centennial of WW1 this week in social media with Katherine Akey - Katherine, what did you pick to tell us about this week? [Katherine Akey] Hi Theo! Follow up to the Halifax Explosion Happy New Year, everyone! We’re glad to be back. Before we broke for the holidays in December, we talked a fair amount about the disastrous Halifax explosion of 1917. Recently, we shared an article on our Facebook page with some interesting contemporary news about that very incident. The article outlines the discovery by a Canadian arborist of some odd material lodged in a large pine tree near Halifax -- debris from the explosion 100 years ago. Shards of unidentified flying objects got lodged into the city’s canopy when the explosion occurred and to this day, lumber mills as far as the southern United States still don’t dare touch logs from Halifax, knowing some hidden metal artifact could wreck their machinery. Read more about the history hidden in the trees around Halifax by visiting the article at the link in the podcast notes. link:http://www.macleans.ca/news/canada/a-century-after-the-halifax-explosion-grim-reminders-can-still-be-found-in-trees/ The Poilu Censorship Workaround Lastly this week, I wanted to share a really amazing article from the Centenaire website, the official national centennial organization in France. The story comes from the Municipal Archives of Marseille, where one archivist discovered a sneaky and smart strategy to get around the heavy censoring of wartime letters. Jean Bouyala, who went on after the war to become a prominent surgeon, was one of several Poilus who found a way to write secret messages on their letters. It sounds bizarre, but by writing first using their saliva, then having the letter’s recipient brush black ink over the page, the saliva stanzas become legible, a darker black writing in the midst of the ink wash on the page. This way, the Poilu were able to send home messages that would otherwise have been blocked by the censor. A link to the article is in the podcast notes along with photographs of the magic-ink letters. Saliva-- the key to clandestine correspondence! And that’s it this week for the Buzz! Llink:http://centenaire.org/fr/tresors-darchives/le-secret-des-poilus-pour-dejouer-la-censure Outro Thank you all for listening to another episode of WW1 Centennial News. We want to thank our guests... Mike Shuster from the Great War Project Blog Sabin Howard, master sculptor and artist Dr. Libby O’Connell, World War One Centennial Commissioner, author and Historian Dr John Boyd, Historian for the United States Army Chaplain Corps And Katherine Akey, the shows line producer and the commision’s social media director… And I am Theo Mayer - your host. The US World War One Centennial Commission was created by Congress to honor, commemorate and educate about WW1. Our programs are to-- inspire a national conversation and awareness about WW1; this podcast is a part of that…. Thank you! We are bringing the lessons of the 100 years ago into today's classrooms; We are helping to restore WW1 memorials in communities of all sizes across our country; and of course we are building America’s National WW1 Memorial in Washington DC. We want to thank commission’s founding sponsor the Pritzker Military Museum and Library for their support. The podcast can be found on our website at ww1cc.org/cn   on  iTunes and google play ww1 Centennial News, and on Amazon Echo or other Alexa enabled devices. Just say: Alexa: Play W W One Centennial News Podcast. Our twitter and instagram handles are both @ww1cc and we are on facebook @ww1centennial. Thank you for joining us. And don’t forget to share the stories you are hearing here today about the war that changed the world! [music] We’ll the only thing I can think to say is.. Tanks a lot... So long!

Welcome to Episode 36 of Sit & Sew Radio, a Quilt Addicts Anonymous podcast. This episode is all about travel opportunities for quilters. I personally love checking out new quilt shops when I travel and we've got some really fun shop hops and fiber activities you can check out while you are on the go. This week we don't have a coupon because we have already started our Black Friday madness over at shop.quiltaddictsanonymous.com. Our Black Friday Preview Sale is already live with nearly 100 fabrics and bundles on sale for 50% off. And we're about to announce a bunch more deals and pretty much everything in the store. So make sure you sign up for emails so you will be the first to know about all the fabulous deals. April Jouse, Director of Opperations, EVFAC April Jouse works at a pretty cool place. The Espanola Valley Fiber Arts Center is a haven for fiber artists in northern New Mexico. The 7,000 square foot facility has classes for kids and adults on basically anything you would want to know involving fiber. This weekend the EVFAC is hosting the Fall Fiber Fiesta in Santa Fe, New Mexico. The festival is filled with fiber creations from more than 50 artists in the Santa Fe area. You can find anything from woolen gloves to garments and home decor items. They also host the New Mexico Fiber Crawl which offers opportunities for crafters to learn new skills in a variety of mediums at locations from Albuquerque to Taos, New Mexico. Listen to the interview to learn more about the Espanola Valley Fiber Arts Center, and check out its website evfac.org for info about visiting and upcoming classes. [caption id="attachment_328" align="aligncenter" width="1024"] Quilt shop owners from the Missouri Highway 36 Quilt Trail.[/caption] Beth Carmichael, St. Joseph, MO Visitors Bureau If road trips, quilting and shop hops get you excited, then check out the Missouri Highway 36 Quilt Trail in 2018. A program organized by the Missouri Highway 36 Heritage Alliance, the Quilt Trail seeks to highlight the 16 shops located on Missouri's historic Highway 36, and the people who were born there. And they've got some famous names with connections to Highway 36. Walt Disney, J. C. Penny Mark Twain and Gen. John J. Pershing all have connections to the area. Plus it is where sliced bread and the Pony Express were invented. The Quilt Trail opens on April 3, 2018. Participants can visit 16 shops along the highway, get the free pattern for that shop's block and get your passport stamped. Then you have until October 31, 2018 to finish your quilt top for a chance to win some awesome prizes. Listen to the interview with Beth Carmichael with the St. Joseph, MO Visitors Bureau to learn more about them. To learn more about the Missouri Highway 36 Quilt Trail, check out their Facebook page facebook.com/MoHighway36. And keep scrolling to see all the shops that are participating in 2018. Bits & Pieces, Hannibal By The Yard, Rayville Cornerstone Fabric, Smithville Crossroads Quilting, Cameron Cuts & Bolts, Chillicothe Glenda's Sewing Cupboard, St. Joseph Hickory Stick Quilt Shop, Hannibal Midwest Quilt Co, Shelbina Missouri Star Quilt, Co., Hamilton Quilted Square, Kirksville Rosie's Quilt, Marceline, Sew Creative, Salisbury Shearwood Quilts & Crafts, Jamesport Sisters Fabric Farm, Lathrop The Quilt Shoppe, Wheeling Top Stitch Quilt Shop, Helena

Highlight: US troops quietly begin deployment to the western front | @01:15 British troops near mutiny - Mike Shuster | @06:55 Zeppelin L-49 captured intact - War in The Sky | @10:50 Announcing Ceremonial groundbreaking for America’s WWI Memorial in Washington DC -Facebook Live stream coming | @15:30 All about America’s WWI Memorial in DC - Edwin Fountain | @16:15 Junior Master Gardener Poppy Program update - Lisa Whittlesey | @24:10 Speaking WWI - the word is Nark! | @29:35 100C/100M project profile - Borough of Danville, PA - Jamie Shrawder | @31:00 International Caparetto, Kobarid and Karfreit - Commemoration | @36:10 First three American combat casualties - from 16th infantry | @37:35 The Franco-American links - US Centennial Commissioner Seifried | @39 :00 About Aline Kilmer’s poetry - Peter Molin on WWRITE blog | @39:35 Buzz on Old Rhinebeck Aerodrome and selection of the Unknown Soldier | @40:45 more...----more---- Opening Welcome to World War 1 centennial News - It’s about WW1 THEN - what was happening 100 years ago this week  - and it’s about WW1 NOW - news and updates about the centennial and the commemoration. Today is October 25th, 2017 and our guests this week are: Mike Shuster from the great war project blog,    Edwin Fountain, Vice Chair at the US WW1 Centennial Commission Lisa Whittlesey, Director of the International Junior Master Gardener Program And Jamie Shrawder, the Administrator of Governmental Affairs for the Borough of Danville, Pennsylvania WW1 Centennial News is brought to you by the U.S. World War I Centennial Commission and the Pritzker Military Museum and Library. I’m Theo Mayer - the Chief Technologist for the Commission and your host. Welcome to the show. [MUSIC] This was a big week 100 years ago in the War that changed the world. Looking back - --- America declares war 6 months ago and the first American troops arrive in Europe 4 months ago. This week 100 years ago, the Army’s 1st division quietly deploys to Sommervillier -  in france - a village near the western front almost directly between Belgium and Switzerland. We put a link in the podcast notes to some National Archive footage showing the the soldiers of the 1st division moving their horse drawn wagons, mechanised trucks, artillery and men to the fighting front. This is in the midst of a lots of controversy, conflicting agendas… opinions, and a very dire situation in the war “over there”. So let’s jump into our wayback machine to see what going on and how things play out 100 years ago this week. World War One THEN 100 Year Ago This Week [MUSIC TRANSITION] We are nearing the end of November 1917 and in the US, speculation is high about “Our Boys” getting into the fight. The official bulletin says NOTHING about this, the Wilson administration is being obscure, but the public press is sensing that something is up. [Sound Effect] Dateline: October 22, 1917 The headline in the New York Times reads: Hints Our Army is Near Action…. Secretary Baker’s guarded review is taken to mean that soldiers soon will be in the trenches. In the story it reads: In his review to press, Secretary of War Baker emphasized  the status of the Pershing expedition by giving it the most prominent position in his analysis of the military equation. He declares that “our men in France, after three months of intensive training, are in splendid physical condition and efficient fighting trim” and that they “Now feel at home in the war zone”. The Secretary had no comment to make on the statement, but the interpretation placed on his words, when carefully weighed here tonight, is that they mark the verge of the actual entrance of the American Troops into the fighting line.   Now Over in Europe, the situation is both complex and dire. We are going to zoom out for an overview of the situation. The troops on all sides are deeply war weary from the intense multi-year carnage of this unprecedented conflict. The Russians are effectively falling out of the fight with internal revolution and mass mutinies within their ranks. Everyone is clear that Russia is dropping out. This will free up a massive resources for the Germans for an expected major spring offensive.   Although the Americans have come to join the fight, and despite having been technically at war since April, the United States has just four infantry divisions in France. These are not seasoned troops. These are young civilians short on training, equipment, modern staff techniques and without combat experience. This raises a contentious concept called Amalgamation.   Amalgamation would have the United States insert its men directly into existing British and French units at the company level. This, argue the europeans, would compensate for the American officers and NCOs lack of familiarity with modern staff arrangements and technologies like aviation, armor, machine guns and heavy artillery. American troops would thereby be commanded at the tactical level by American junior officers, but the operational and strategic direction of American forces would be handled by more experienced Europeans. Though this sounds practical, many Americans including General Pershing look at the enormous casualty levels on the western front and recoil against the thought of our young men being used as cannon fodder by European generals. Pershing believes that the Europeans have become too tied to trench warfare. He has a different concept embodied  in his "open warfare" doctrine, which, he argues, will restore mobility to warfare by emphasizing American aggressiveness and marksmanship. Politically, Wilson and his advisors also recognized that amalgamation of American forces will not allow for a distinctive American presence on the western front. Wilson believes that he will need to be able to point to an American contribution to victory if he is to represent American interests in any post-war peace conference. Yet it is obvious that the Americans are not yet ready to fight on their own. Americans have virtually no experience in this new modern warfare. They need time to learn about it, trench warfare and modern tactics. They also need time to build relationships with their French and British allies and to overcome the crazy inefficiencies of their own mobilization.   There is great confidence that we can do it. The question is whether we can be trained, blooded, and effective in time to stop the German spring offensive. So on October 21, the first of the doughboys pack up, and General John J. Pershing leads the 1st Division to Sommervillier - a relatively quiet part of the western front to take the men of the American Expeditionary force to the fight 100 years ago this week!   We want to thank Michael s. Neiberg and Harold K. Johnson professors of Military history at the US Army War College for their great and insightful article on the subject. That link and other sources are in the podcast notes. Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QfeHCj7yQa4 http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9A0CE5D6103AE433A25750C2A9669D946696D6CF http://today-in-wwi.tumblr.com/post/166656659468/first-americans-enter-the-front-line http://today-in-wwi.tumblr.com/post/162357733133/first-american-division-arrives-in-france http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/ww1/aef-wwi.htm [SOUND EFFECT] Great War Project From the Great War Project Blog - we are joined by Mike shuster, former NPR correspondent and curator for the Great War project. The endless carnage, devastating conditions and futile progress at Passchendaele is taking its toll on men and morale - especially with the British troops under a seemingly uncaring British commander - General Douglas Haig. Discontent  is boiling up in the ranks. Mike - please tell us the story…   [Mike Shuster]   Thank you Mike. That was Mike Shuster from the Great War Project blog. LINK: http://greatwarproject.org/2017/10/22/british-soldiers-threaten-mutiny/ War in the Sky This week in the great war in the sky we go to Bourbonne - les- bains - in France - interestingly not too far from Sommerviller where the 1st Division is heading. The Associated press has a reporter that gets to see a intact captured german Zeppelin. [Sound Effect] Dateline: Sunday October 21, 1917 The Headline in the NY times reads: “Americans Inspect Captive Zeppelin” “French also throng to see the great airship that was brought down intact! Germans Tried to wreck it… Prevented by victorious French Aviator who showed great pluck!”   In this illustrative story we learn many things about these giants of the sky what were sometimes referred to as Baby Killers or Pirates because of their bombing of civilian areas. The story reads: The crews of the Super-Zeppelins L49 and L50 have been interrogated and their replies confirm the supposition that they made up part of a single expedition against England. The Pirate fleet numbered twelve and left their stations separately. The prisoners say that when they reached the English coast, they were much bothered by anti-aircraft guns and even more by searchlights. L-50 quickly dropped its bombs and then rose to a height of three miles where they were caught by strong winds. Zeppelin L-49 came down near Bourbonne-Les-Bains---  intact, as were its machinery and its instruments. When the Zeppelin’s commander saw that it was impossible to save his ship, he destroyed the wireless apparatus and tried to explode the airship by firing his pistol into it. An opportunity was given to some American Officers to inspect the craft with French flying men. The whole body of the Zeppelin is painted black except the top, which is silvered. There is a small German Cross on each side amidships. The German airmen seemed surprised to see the Americans who had an opportunity to talk with some of them, and also with the Zeppelin commander, a slight blonde Lieutenant, speaking excellent english. A young French aviator told how he flew in pursuit of the Zeppelin to such an altitude that his cheeks froze and how he succeeded finally in forcing the craft down with his machine gun. When he saw they were about to land, he dived to earth. Other french aviators landed near. At the point of his pistol, the germans were prevented from damaging the craft further and were made prisoner. This is from an Associated Press report and a  newspaper article published in the New York Times - and it is a story that unfold in the great war in the sky one hundred years ago this week. The link to the original article in the New York Times is in the podcast notes. link:http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9A05E4D6103AE433A25750C2A9669D946696D6CF [SOUND EFFECT] The Great War Channel We are really happy that you listen to our podcast  - but If you’d like to watch some videos about WW1, we’d like to recommend that you see our friends at the Great War Channel on Youtube - New episodes for this week include:   Operation Albion Concludes - Allied Failures in Belgium Their second episode is a bit unique --  it is Interview is with rocker Pär Sundström from the hard metal band Sabaton who write and perform a lot of WWI themed songs. Here is a clip of the interview. The third video is called: German defense strategy and tactics at Passchendaele Follow the link in the podcast notes or search for “the great war” on youtube. Link: https://www.youtube.com/user/TheGreatWar World War One NOW [SOUND EFFECT] We have moved forward in time to the present… Welcome to WW1 Centennial News NOW  - This part of the program is not about history but how the centennial of the War that changed the world is being commemorated today. Commission News Interview with Edwin Fountain In Commission News we want to invite you to a very special live streaming event on November 9 at 11am Eastern. You’ll be able to tune in to Facebook live to watch the ceremonial groundbreaking for the National World War I Memorial at Pershing Park in Washington DC. It may surprise our listeners to learn that in Washington DC there is no national WWI memorial honoring our doughboys, their sacrifice and their victory in WWI. It’s true! There is a memorial for WWII, for Korea and for Vietnam but none for WWI. With is today is a man who has passionately been addressing this issue for the better part of a decade - maybe longer. He is also the Vice Chair of the World War One Centennial Commission - Edwin Fountain. Edwin welcome to WW1 Centennial News!   [Edwin  - Why is it important that we build a national WW1 Memorial in our nation’s capital.]   [Edwin -  tell us about America’s WWI Memorial in Pershing Park what is it going to be like?]   [We will post a link to that sculpture design in the podcast notes.]   [How can our listeners help build this memorial for our doughboys?]   Thank you Commissioner Edwin Fountain. That was Edwin Fountain - the vice-chair of the US World War One Centennial Commission. Education [Sound Effect] Junior Master Gardener Follow Up with Lisa Whittlesey In Episode #28, we introduced you to the Junior Master Gardener Program a 4H project. It’s an international youth gardening program that engages children in novel, “hands-on” learning experiences that provide a love of gardening, develop an appreciation for the environment, and cultivates not just the earth but young minds.   This Fall, the Junior Master Gardener program partnered with the US World War One Centennial Commission’s Poppy Seed Program to raise money for the program and America’s World War I Memorial in Washington DC. So as a reminder to our listeners, the WWI Poppy Program lets you Raise money for your organization, While helping us build the National WW1 Memorial in Washington DC.   The red poppy is an internationally recognized symbol of rememmbrance for veteran sacrifice.   It works like this...   for a donation of around 60 dollars, we send you a box of 60 Red Poppy seed packets in a kit. Your organization sells the poppy seed packets for $2 (or anything you want) and you keep the second dollar.   So you can raise money for your local veterans organization, school, church, scout troop or master junior gardener team - learn more about WWI and help us build the memorial in DC all at the same time -   With us to give us an update is Lisa Whittelsey,  Director of the International Junior Master Gardener Program. Hi Lisa - good to have you with us again!   [Say hello] [Lisa: how are our gardeners doing?]   [Lisa, what are some of the reasons the kids and their schools should get involved with the poppy program?]   [some of your kids really got into it  -- even making their own video commercials. Let me play a clip from a group of enterprising junior master gardeners from the lone star state of Texas!] [what are some of the stories you’ve heard about the program?]   [So flowers and poppy growing seems like a springtime activity - What happens now? Does the program go through the winter?]   Thank you Lisa! That was Lisa Whittlesey, Director of the International Junior Master Gardener Program. Learn more about the Program and the collaboration with the Commission by following the links in the podcast notes. Update/Reminder on how the poppy program works   link:http://ww1cc.org/poppy http://ww1cc.org/jmg http://jmgkids.us http://jmgkids.us/poppy/ http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/press-media/wwi-centennial-news/3115-junior-master-gardener-program-works-to-honor-world-war-i-veterans.html [SOUND EFFECT] Speaking WW1 And now for our feature “Speaking World War 1 - Where we  explore today’s words & phrases that are rooted in the war  --- There were many things you didn’t want to be called in the trenches -- a coward, a deserter, a “client for Rouen”, aka a man with a venereal disease -- but one of the worst possible things to be called in the trenches was: a Nark! Really… So was there a drug culture in the trenches and informants to the military narcotics vice squad?? - well no - Contrary to popular belief, the word “nark” -- spelled n-a-r-k -- doesn’t come from the word “narcotics” at all. In fact, it’s origin comes from the word for nose, “Nak”, N-A-K in Romany, the language of the Romany or Gypsy people. It’s original use in pre-war England was in relation to people who stick their nose in other people’s business - informers, or perhaps because they sniffed out trouble!   During the war, the word was brought into the trenches and spread into the American and ANZAC vocabularies. It came to mean a soldier who would reveal other private’s secrets, usually in order to improve his own standing. Nark -- the last kind of soldier you want to be! And this weeks word for speaking World War One! See the podcast notes to learn more! link: https://www.amazon.com/Tommy-Doughboy-Fritz-Soldier-Slang/dp/1445637839/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1508848013&sr=8-1&keywords=tommy+doughboy+fritz 100 Cities/100 Memorials [SOUND EFFECT Welcome to our 100 Cities / 100 Memorials segment about the $200,000 matching grant challenge to rescue and focus on our local WWI memorials. Last month, we announced the first 50 “WWI Centennial Memorials”. We’ll be awarding another 50 matching grants early next year. If you live in a town that has a WWI memorial that might want a little attention… now is the time to go to ww1cc.org/100memorials and learn what you can do about it, what others have done and how to apply for the matching grants. The 100 Cities / 100 Memorials project in Danville, Pennsylvania was one of the first 50 awardees - and here to tell us about the project is Jamie Shrawder, the Administrator of Governmental Affairs for the borough of Danville.   Welcome, Jamie! [exchange greetings]   [Jamie - Danville has a memorial park with several monuments - The four sided WWI monuments is really striking with an eagle atop a four sided granite base. When did it get erected?]   [How do you and how does Danville feel about being one of the awardees and your memorial getting designated as a WWI Centennial Memorial?]   [I saw in your proposal that you approached various veterans organizations to support the restoration - how did that work out?]   [Cleaning up one of these historic memorials isn’t done by grabbing a can of brasso and polishing up the brass (BTW - I just felt 1000 conservators cringe at once) - how do you go about it?]   [do you have plans for a rededication?]   [exchange thanks] That was Jamie Shrawder, the Administrator of Governmental Affairs for the Borough of Danville. We are going to continue to profile 100 Cities / 100 Memorials projects - not only awardees but also teams that are continuing on to round #2 which is now open for submissions. So listeners - this weekend - if you are in the United States - take a few minutes look around your town and find your local WWI memorial. There WILL be one.. And you’ve probably seen it but did not know what it was. You’ll find it near the county court house, in a municipal park, by the old high school building, at the American Legion or the VFW post, or in an area of your local cemetery. When you DO find it, and if it needs some TLC, please go to WW1CC.org/100Memorials and see how you can start the ball rolling to get that memorial and the doughboys it honors some help. You can follow the link in the podcast notes. Link: www.ww1cc.org/100memorials   [SOUND EFFECT] International Report Kobarid Museum: Commemorations in Slovenia In our International report this week, we head to Slovenia, to the Kobarid [ko-bah-reed] Museum located near the eastern border of Slovenia and Italy - There, from October 20th to November 11th-- historians, soldiers and citizens will gather for a series of events commemorating the Battle of Caporetto, also known as the Battle of Kobarid or the Battle of Karfreit. The Battle was so devastating for the combatant Italian forces that the word Caporetto gained a particular resonance in Italy. It is used to denote a terrible defeat – the failed General Strike of 1922 by the socialists was referred to by Mussolini as the "Caporetto of Italian Socialism". In 1917 - the Italians lost 305,000 men, 265,000 of those as prisoners of war. Though not as devastating, the German and Austro Hungarian lost 70,000 men in that battle. Commemorations at the Kobarid Museum include a new exhibition with the title "Kobarid, Caporetto, Karfreit 1917"; there will also be a ceremony along the Walk of Peace from the Alps to the Adriatic, lighting candles at the memorials and cemeteries on the way. Many more events are scheduled, including a cross country running event in the region that will join the former combatants as colleagues - You can find out more by heading to the Kobarid Museum’s website and the Walk of Peace website. Follow the link in the podcast notes to learn more. link:http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/slovenia-official-commemoration-web-site.html https://www.kobariski-muzej.si/exhibitions/permanent/ http://www.potmiru.si/eng/ Articles and Posts 16th Division This week in our Articles and Posts segment - where we explore the World War One Centennial Commission’s rapidly growing website at ww1cc.org - This week we are profiling a great article about the 16th Infantry division -- and how its service in WW1 is being commemorated. On November 3rd 1917, Corporal James Gresham, and Privates Thomas Enright and Merle Hay, were killed in action during a German trench raid near the little village of Bathelémont (baa-tel-ay-mon) in France. These soldiers -- all members of F Company, 16th Infantry -- were the first three American combat casualties in World War I. The 16th Infantry Regiment Association will honor Gresham with the dedication of a plaque at his mother’s home in Evansville, Indiana, at 10:00 am, on November 3rd this year.   The article includes a conversation with the Association's President, Steven E. Clay, about about the 16th Infantry's soldiers who made the ultimate sacrifice. You can read that discussion by following the link in the podcast notes. Link: http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/press-media/wwi-centennial-news/3271-four-questions-for-steven-clay-president-of-the-16th-infantry-regiment-association.html   Commissioner Seefried Another article reflects on the rededication of the statues of General Pershing and the Marquis de Lafayette in Versailles that we reported over the past weeks . US WWI Centennial commissioner Monique Seefried attended the ceremony at Versailles. This week at ww1cc.org/news -- she talked to us from France about the event, the statues, and what they mean for the future of the French-American legacy. Read this insightful and touching piece from Commissioner Seefried that illuminates the very special link between our two nations by following the link in the podcast news.   Link:http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/press-media/wwi-centennial-news/3270-four-questions-for-commissioner-monique-seefried.html WWrite Blog And now for an update on our WWRITE blog, which explores WWI’s Influence on contemporary writing and scholarship, this week's post is: "Are war wives - war poets, too? " Consider those women who write about the contortions on domestic life and feminine sensibility brought about by war... Author, veteran, and teacher, Peter Molin, explores the idea this week in a post about poet Aline Murray Kilmer, wife of well-known American WWI poet, Joyce Kilmer, who was killed during the Second Battle of the Marne in 1918. Aline's poetry conveys the urgency and nuance of a war wife's uncertainty as she finds her tranquility and self-worth vexingly dependent on her husband, even in his permanent absence. Don't miss this rich, insightful post about the often-overlooked and, yes, war poet, Aline Kilmer! Read it by going to ww1c.org/w-w-r-i-t-e or following the link in the podcast notes. link:http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/articles-posts/3269-aline-kilmer-when-the-war-poet-s-wife-is-a-poet-too-by-peter-molin.html The Buzz - WW1 in Social Media Posts That brings us to the buzz - the centennial of WW1 this week in social media with Katherine Akey - Katherine - Hi Katherine!--   Hi Theo!   Old Rhinebeck Aerodome   We’ll start with a Facebook post from the Old Rhinebeck Aerodome. They had a WW1 Airshow on October 15th, the last for their season this year, and someone in attendance shared a bunch of really great photos from the event on Facebook. Pilots wore WW1 era uniforms, both Doughboy and German, and there was even an old Ambulance and stretcher bearers in case anyone got hurt. The afternoon included a hero, a heroine (Cheer!), the villainous Black Baron of Rhinebeck (Boo!), and pyrotechnics, as well as some really beautiful aircraft, including a Fokker Triplane and, my personal favorite, a reproduction 1910 Hanriot. See the photos, and visit the Aerodome website, at the links in the podcast notes. link:https://www.facebook.com/groups/oldrhinebeckaerodrome/permalink/1746902505342287/ http://oldrhinebeck.org/   Unknown Soldier Finally this week, I wanted to share an article from History.com that is yet another powerful story as we lead up to Veterans Day: the selection of the Unknown Soldier. On October 24th, 96 years had passed since the first Unknown Soldier was selected by a US Officer in the French town of Chalons-sur-Marne. According to the official records of the Army Graves Registration Service, four bodies were transported to Chalons from the cemeteries of Aisne-Marne, Somme, Meuse-Argonne and Saint-Mihiel. French and American officials then underwent the ceremony of selecting one of the four caskets displayed, each draped with an American flag. Sergeant Edward Younger, the man given the task of making the selection, carried white roses to mark the chosen casket. According to the official account, Younger “entered the chamber in which the bodies of the four Unknown Soldiers lay, circled the caskets three times, then silently placed the flowers on the third casket from the left. He faced the body, stood at attention and saluted.”   The “Unknown Soldier” remains in Arlington National Cemetery to this day, honored among and for the approximately 77,000 United States servicemen killed on the Western Front during World War I. And with that, we continue the countdown to veterans day. That’s it this week for the Buzz! link:https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/unknown-soldier-is-selected   Thank you Katherine. And that all our stories for you this week on WW1 Centennial News - Now before you flick off your play button - remember - for those of you who listen to end - we always leave you with a special goody or two! Closing   So in closing - we want to thank our guests: Mike Shuster and his report on discontent within the British Army Vice Chair Edwin Fountain, speaking with us about the National WW1 Memorial Lisa Whittlesey, updating us on the Junior Master Gardener Poppy Competition Jamie Shrawder, telling us the story of the Danville Pennsylvania 100 Cities 100 Memorials project Katherine Akey the Commission’s social media director and also the line producer for the show. And I am Theo Mayer - your host.   The US World War One Centennial Commission was created by Congress to honor, commemorate and educate about WW1. Our programs are to-- inspire a national conversation and awareness about WW1; This program is a part of that…. We are bringing the lessons of the 100 years ago into today's classrooms; We are helping to restore WW1 memorials in communities of all sizes across our country; and of course we are building America’s National WW1 Memorial in Washington DC.   We want to thank commission’s founding sponsor the Pritzker Military Museum and Library for their support. The podcast can be found on our website at ww1cc.org/cn   on  iTunes and google play ww1 Centennial News, and on Amazon Echo or other Alexa enabled devices. Just say: Alexa: Play W W One Centennial News Podcast. Our twitter and instagram handles are both @ww1cc and we are on facebook @ww1centennial. Thank you for joining us. And don’t forget to share the stories you are hearing here today with someone about the war that changed the world! [music]   Hey man… get your nose outta my business dude - you nark! So long!

Highlights Life inside German Occupied Belgium |@ 03:15 Some memorable stories from the front - Mike Shuster |@ 13:3 0 Preview of Camp Doughboy - Governors Island, NY 9/16-9/17 |@ 19:00 Preview of Pershing Days - Laclede, MO, 9/15-9/17 with Alicyn Ehrich and Denzil Heaney |@ 20:15 $10,000 WWI academic competition |@ 24:55 Speaking WWI - Cooties! Yuk! |@ 26:00 100C/100M with Jim Yocum on Santa Monica CA project |@ 27:15 CBS Radio ConnectingVets.com |@ 33:15 Phil Eaton - Coast Guard Winged Warrior of WW1 |@ 34:40 WWrite Blog on Champagne |@ 35:35 And more...----more---- Opening Welcome to World War 1 centennial News - It’s about WW1 THEN - what was happening 100 years ago  - and it’s about WW1 NOW - news and updates about the centennial and the commemoration. Today is September 6th, 2017 and our guests this week are: Mike Shuster from the great war project blog,    Jim Yocum from the 100 Cities / 100 Memorials project in Santa Monica, California Alicyn Ehrich, Secretary of the Pershing Park Memorial Association, and Denzil Heaney, the administrator of the General Pershing Boyhood Home Site. WW1 Centennial News is brought to you by the U.S. World War I Centennial Commission and the Pritzker Military Museum and Library. I’m Theo Mayer - the Chief Technologist for the Commission and your host. Welcome to the show. Before we get started today, we wanted to let you know that next week and the week following, we will be presenting a WW1 Centennial News 2-part Special -  “In Sacrifice for Liberty and Peace”. Part 1 examines the great debate in America about getting into the war, and Part 2, which will publish the following week is about how events overtook the debate and brought us to a declaration of war. But for today, we are in our regular format and ready to jump into episode #36. World War One THEN 100 Year Ago This Week [MUSIC TRANSITION] We’ve gone back in time 100 years to explore the war that changed the world! It’s the first week of September 1917. On the last day of August  New York Deputy Attorney General Roscoe Conkling certifies that New York City has fulfilled its quota of 38,572 soldiers for the draft. This is notable because the last time there was a draft in New York - for the civil war - it ended in the deadly Draft Riots of 1863.   The 1917 draft, however, goes smoothly - mostly!   Turns out that one of the local boards is selling exemptions- which was permitted in the Civil War draft AND coincidentally  - one the flash points  for Draft Riots. In any case, in 1917 - it is seriously NOT OK. The first draftees are scheduled to leave for training at Camp Upton (now the site of Brookhaven National Laboratory) on September 10th - the camp is so new that the first men to arrive are going to get to help finish building it. The men trained at Camp Upton starting September 1917, will become the 77th Division, which will be the first division of draftees to arrive in France. Link: http://today-in-wwi.tumblr.com/post/164847897103/new-york-city-fulfills-draft-quota [SOUND EFFECT - WHOOSH] Moving to the headlines and stories from the Official Bulletin - America’s War Gazette published daily by the Committee on Public Information, the US government propaganda ministry headed by George Creel - this week we have pulled a variety of stories that mark what was happening this week 100 years ago. [SOUND EFFECT - TRANSITION - ] The Official Bulletin Dateline: September 9th, 1917 Headline: LIFE UNBEARABLE lN BELGIUM, SAYS WORKMAN WHO ESCAPED The following story provides some insight into life inside German occupied Belgium: The story reads: I had to leave the seaside place where I had lived since my childhood, because life became unbearable. It was slavery. “The Germans announced, at the beginning of January last, that every man or woman from 15 to 60 would be compelled to work for them. They did not take everybody at once, but once you had begun to work for them, you were never left free again. In order to avoid people escaping to an other parts of the country, they obliged us all to go to the command center, where our identity cards and passports were confiscated. As you can not walk a mile in the army zone without showing your papers we were practically prisoners. “Every week an officer with two soldiers went from house to house requisitioning more laborers. They had taken 300 already from my village when I left; I have no doubt that the whole village is forced to work by now. The work was done either on the spot, where you had to repair and clean buildings, cut wood, and so on., or along the Dutch frontier, where we had to build trenches and concrete works, or behind the German llnes in the region of Westende, where we were mainly employed in building roads and railway lines. This was by far the worst place since we were frequently exposed to shell fire and to gas attacks. Having no masks we were obliged- to take shelter when a bell rang to warn us. We were paid 1 mark per day, but as the food was very scarce we had practically to spend our wages to appease our hunger, so that, when we came back home for one day every three weeks, we had practically nothing left to bring back to our families. “ It was no use trying to protest. It only meant more trouble and misery, prison and blows. One of my friends who struggled to escape was nearly killed by a bayonet thrust. “Besides, the Germans are only too glad if you resist. They have made a rule to send any man or woman who gets more than three months’ imprisonment back to Germany . And none of those who have been deported have ever come back. Six months ago one of my neighbors, a widow, who had to protect her daughter against a German officer, received four months for having shouted that all Germans were pigs. She was sent to Germany and we have heard since that she is obliged to work in a labor camp and has no hope of returning. This is only one case among hundreds. The German tribunals have provided many Belgian workers for the Fatherland This next story is a lot lighter - and truly a story of the times. With the airplane providing the enemy with a level of unprecedented intel, a new military assignment surfaced as a key man role - that of “magician”  - Sort of…. [SOUND EFFECT] Dateline: Sept 5th 1917 Headline: Ingenious men who can cast magic veil of invisibility over military works wanted for service with army in france The story reads: The first American Camouflage company is now being organized for service. In official English, the camoufleure“ practices the art of military concealment," but a more literal translation of the French music-hall phrase, for that is what it is, proves him to be a “ fakir.” Now this has developed to a point where specialists in all manner of devices for concealing the whereabouts and designs of our troops from the eyes of the enemy are grouped together in military units. Therefore, the Chief of Engineers in the War Department is looking for handy and ingenious men who are ready to fight one minute and practice their trade the next. Wherever a machine is set up, or a trench is taken and reversed, or a battery of artillery goes into action, or a new road is opened. or a new bridge is built, or a sniper climbs an old building, or an officer creeps out into an advanced post to hear and to observe, there...  must go the camouflage man to spread his best imitation of the magic veil of invisibility. There is in store for our camoufleurs, plenty of excitement and no end of opportunity to use their wits. The article goes on to tell about some examples including pappier-Mache steel line counterfeits of dead horses serving as observing posts - or of a river-painted canvas pulled over a bridge by day - and used as a crossing by dead of night. The article closes with: Though this work has long been organized abroad, in this land it is only beginning, so wherever ingenious young men are longing for special entertainment in the way of fooling Germans, they should waste no time in getting in touch with the Chief of Engineers, War Department, Washington, D.C. Our next story will be particularly interesting to our regular listeners - If you heard last week’s episode # 35, we profiled the 100 Cities / 100 Memorials project in Muscle Shoals Alabama, where you heard all about the giant Ammonium Nitrate plants they built there. This week - 100 years ago, there is a story in the Official Bulletin that precedes what you learned last week. [SOUND EFFECT] Dateline: September 6, 1917 Headline: PREPARATIONS FOR PRODUCTION OF NITRATES BY GOVERNMENT ANNOUNCED BY WAR DEPARTMENT; LOCATION OF THE PROPOSED PLANT IS WITHHELD The story goes on to explain how the creation of the plants is a priority project for the government war effort, but the location is still secret. But YOU know where they are going to put it!! You even know about the giant Hydro-electric plant they are going to build as a part of it! Isn’t history fun... [SOUND EFFECT] Dateline: September 8, 1917 Headline: Red Cross to Communicate Messages About Persons in Central Powers’ Territory The Red Cross plays an ever more important and diverse role in the complexity of this global crisis. In this case, it is not nursing the wounded but helping acquaintances, families and loved ones torn apart and separated by the ravages of war. The article goes on to read: Individuals wishing to make inquiries concerning the welfare and whereabouts of friends or relatives in territory ‘belonging to or occupied by the central powers, may communicate with the Bureau of Communication, American Red Cross, Washington, D. C. Proper inquiries and messages will be transmitted on a special form to the International Red Cross in Geneva. From Geneva, they will be forwarded to the individuals for whom they are intended. Answers will be returned to the International Red Cross and by them will be sent to Washington. The American Red Cross will then communicate the information received to writers of the original letters. Two 2-cent stamps must be enclosed for postage. A similar method is being devised for the transmission of inquiries from the central powers to America. This will also be handled by the Red Cross. The articles concludes with a number of details and safeguards to assure that the communication network will not be used to send covert messages. And our last story this week from the Official Bulletin harkens back to a story we told you in episode #26 about Chautauqua - The word "chautauqua" is Iroquois and means "two moccasins tied together" - At  the turn of the previous century the term was aptly used to signify a unique American “gathering” that brought entertainment and culture into far flung regional communities of the time, with speakers, teachers, musicians, entertainers, preachers and specialists of the day.   Former U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt was quoted as saying that Chautauqua is "the most American thing in America." [SOUND EFFECT] Dateline: September 8, 1917 Headline: Chautauqua entertainers to be sent to cantonments TM Voice: The war Department can't complete the theaters they had planned for the tens of thousands of men being sent to the training camps - RIGHT NOW! So instead - they are going to create an entertainment system using the traditional American Chautauqua! The article goes on to explain: Entertainment for the soldiers will Begin September 10. In four days 10 tents, each with a seating capacity of over 3,000, will be moved to cantonments and programs will be given beginning Monday, The week following, the entire 32 cantonments will be equipped with similar tent auditoriums  - in which programs will be given. The new project involves the mobilization of a force of over 2,000 lyceum [LYCEEUM] and chautauqua~entertainers and the creation of tents with an aggregate seating capacity of more than 100,000 people in the short space of less than two weeks. The economics affected by pursuing the chautauqua method of circuiting attractions makes it possible to give the best entertainment to soldier: at motion picture prices. And those are some of the stories we selected from the nearly 100 stories published in this week’s issues of the Official Bulletin. You’ll find the official bulletin on the Commission’s website at ww1cc.org/bulletin where we are re-publishing this amazing resource on the centennial anniversary of each issue’s publication date. So If this podcast just isn’t enough weekly WW1 history for you - dig in daily - Go to our website and read the full daily issues of the Official Bulletin at ww1cc.org/bulletin. I sometimes do… and it makes me feel a whole lot better about the chaos in our modern world by tapping into the even more chaotic world 100 years ago this week! [SOUND EFFECT] Great War Project Next we are joined by Mike shuster, former NPR correspondent and curator for the Great War Project blog. Today Mike’s post highlights the beginning of American actions “over there” with a series of memorable incidents and stories including the sinking of submarine U-88 whose captain sank the Lusitania in 1915. Welcome Mike! [Mike Shuster] Thank you Mike. That was Mike Shuster from the Great War Project blog with an interesting collection of anecdotes from the front 100 years ago this week.. LINK:http://greatwarproject.org/2017/09/03/first-americans-killed-in-france/ The Great War Channel For videos about WW1, visit our friend at the Great War Channel on Youtube - They have well over 400 episodes about WW1 - covering the conflict since 2014 - and from a more European perspective. This week’s new episodes include: The Moscow State Conference Another video is Battlefield 1 Historical Analysis - where Indy Nydel the shows host - takes the new game-additions and puts them into historical context. And finally a new episode on Georges Guynemer (gee-nuh-may), the flying icon of France Follow the link in the podcast notes or search for “the great war” on youtube. Link: https://www.youtube.com/user/TheGreatWar World War One NOW [SOUND EFFECT] We have moved forward in time to the present… Welcome to WW1 Centennial News NOW  - This part of the program is not about history but how the centennial of the War that changed the world is being commemorated today. Activities and Events [Sound Effect] For our Activities and Events Section, we are going profile 2 events -  selected from the U.S. National WW1 Centennial Events Register at WW1CC.org/events where are compiling and recording the WW1 Commemoration events from around the country- not just from major metros but also local events from the heart of the country- showing how the WW1 Centennial Commemoration is playing out everywhere. Camp Doughboy Our Major Metro pick of the week is Camp Doughboy, the Second Annual WWI History Weekend - this is an immersive, weekend-long, Living History experience on Governors Island in New York City happening on September 16th and 17th. According to Kevin Fitzpatrick - Author and citizen historian who helped put the event together - it promises to be the largest WW1 themed event on the East Coast this year. It all starts with a ferry ride to historic Fort Jay at Governors Island National Monument in New York Harbor. Entry to the event is free and open to the public. There will be more than fifty reenactors, vintage WWI-era vehicles, free talks by leading authorities of the Great War and much more. It is a family oriented event that is sure to create a memorable experience all about  the war that changed the world — and gave birth to modern America. A link to register to participate is included in the podcast notes along with all the information you need to have a great time at Camp Doughboy. link:http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/press-media/wwi-centennial-news/3005-governors-island-to-host-camp-doughboy-wwi-weekend-sept-16-17.html https://www.facebook.com/events/102616516879089/ http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/commemorate/event-map-system/eventdetail/47016/camp-doughboy-world-war-one-history-weekend.html https://www.eventbrite.com/e/wwi-history-weekend-tickets-35527041337 http://ww1cc.org/events [SOUND EFFECT] Pershing Days Interview with Alicyn and Denzil Pershing Days and Black Jack Our Second event pick of the week is from Laclede Missouri. We have with us today two guests to tell us about an upcoming annual event celebrating the life and service of General Pershing.   Alicyn Ehrich secretary of the Pershing Park Memorial Association, and Denzil Heaney, the administrator of the Gen. Pershing Boyhood Home site - which is part of the missouri state parks system. They are here to tell us more about Pershing Days, an annual event in Laclede, Missouri, hometown of the General of the Armies, John J. Pershing. The event will be celebrated this year on Sept. 13th, the weekend closest to the general’s birthday. Additionally, this year, a new documentary, Black Jack, will be making its debut on Sunday, Sept. 17th following activities on the 15th & 16th. Welcome, Alicyn, Denzil! [exchange greetings] [Alicyn, can you give our listeners an overview of what happens during Pershing Days? And how long has it been an annual tradition?] [Denzil, can you tell us a bit about the film Black Jack? A lot of it was filmed in Laclede, right?] Thank you Alicyn, Denzil! That was Alicyn Ehrich and Denzil Heaney talking about Pershing Days in Laclede Missouri and the new Pershing Documentary - Black Jack.  Learn more by following the links in the podcast notes. link:https://www.facebook.com/events/1028019170662151 https://theprgroup.org/events/event-calendar/#!event/2017/9/15/pershing-days-2017 https://vimeo.com/213096489 https://www.facebook.com/pages/Gen-John-J-Pershing-Boyhood-Home-State-Historic-Site/112342615444100 https://mostateparks.com/park/gen-john-j-pershing-boyhood-home-state-historic-site https://www.facebook.com/ThePershingProject/ Education $10,000 Research Grant on WWI science and technology [SOUND EFFECT] This week in our Education section we’ve got something very special for the budding researchers in our audience - a shot at $10,000. There is a new academic competition that was announced for scholars under the age of 30. In this competition you can apply to research and write a paper on a major aspect of how scientists and engineers in the United States were engaged in the World War I effort. You know, this was one of the most vervent times for technology, science, engineering and medicine - ever! And so the Richard Lounsbery Foundation has funded this academic competition. Five scholars will be chosen and awarded $5,000 each to conduct their research. Additionally, the winner of the competition will be awarded a $10,000.00 prize. Proposals are due by November 30th, so spread the word! And check out the link in the podcast notes for how to participate in this program run by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) and the National Research Council. link:https://sites.nationalacademies.org/PGA/ww1/index.htm Speaking WW1 And now for our feature --- “Speaking World War 1 --- Where we  explore today’s words & phrases that are rooted in the war  --- This week the word is “Cooties” You might remember the taunting chants of your classmates as a child, accusing you of having cooties. Or maybe cooties were the reason you gave for why you didn’t like girls - or boys - or whatever. Personally, as a kid my english was pretty bad and had no idea why everyone laughed at me when I asked for chocolate chip cooties. Just kidding. The term cooties goes back to World War 1, when soldiers lived in horrific conditions that included being covered with lice. Indeed, using a lighter to burn lice and their eggs out of the seams of clothing was a daily pastime for many. As a nickname for body lice, cooties first appeared in trench slang in 1915. It’s apparently derived from the coot, a species of waterfowl known for being infested with lice and other parasites. I bet you did NOT know that! Cooties-- you don’t want em… and this week’s word for Speaking WW1! See the podcast notes if you really need to know more than that! link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooties http://www.slate.com/blogs/lexicon_valley/2015/11/06/where_did_the_word_cooties_come_from.html 100 Cities/100 Memorials [SOUND EFFECT] Jim Yocum - Santa Monica High School Auditorium Next, we are going to profile another 100 Cities / 100 Memorials project. That is our $200,000 matching grant giveaway to rescue ailing WW1 memorials. Last week we profiled a project from Muscle Shoals, Alabama. This week, we head to Santa Monica, California. Joining us is Jim Yocum, Past Commander of Squadron 283 of the Sons of the American Legion Welcome, Jim! [exchange greetings] [Jim - a lot of our listeners know about the American Legion - but may not know about the Sons of the American Legion - would you please give us a quick heads up on that…] [OK on to your project - you’re team is refurbishing a memorial plaque in Santa Monica, CA - tell us about the project?] Thank you for the great work you and your Squadron are doing Jim! [responds] That was Jim Yocum, Past Commander of Squadron 283 of the Sons of the American Legion. We will continue to profile the submitting teams and their unique and amazing projects on the show over the coming months. Learn more about the 100 Cities / 100 Memorials program at ww1cc.org/100memorials or follow the link in the podcast notes. Link: www.ww1cc.org/100memorials Spotlight in the Media Radio Interview This week for our Spotlight in the Media section, we’d like to direct you to CBS Radio's ConnectingVets.com On their September 5th “The Morning Briefing” they featured a segment on the WW1 Centennial Chris Isleib, the Commission’s Director of Public Affairs, and I joined host Eric Dehm for a great conversation about the WW1 Centennial, including upcoming events and this very podcast. Take a listen with the link in the podcast notes. link:http://www1.play.it/audio/connecting-vets/ [SOUND EFFECT] Articles and Posts For our Articles and Posts segment - where we explore the World War One Centennial Commission’s rapidly growing website at ww1cc.org - now over 3,000 pages of articles, information and stories - our first highlight is a new article about an often overlooked part of our military-- the coast guard. Phil Eaton - US Coast Guard The Coast Guard and its aviators played a vital role in World War I. In 1916, Congress authorized the Coast Guard to develop an aviation branch, including aircraft, air stations and pilots. Historically, the Coast guard was originally with the Treasury Department - you know - to catch pirates and smugglers - For WW1, they get put under the U.S. Navy and today after 9/11 - they are part of Homeland security. We invite you to read the story about a Commanding Officer of a Coast Guard Naval Air Station, Phil Eaton --- who led the first fight between the U.S. coast guard naval aviation and a German U-Boat menace in U.S. waters. Learn more about Phil and his other contributions as one of the Coast Guard first aviators --- by following the link in the podcast notes. link:http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/press-media/wwi-centennial-news/3068-phil-eaton-the-coast-guard-s-winged-warrior-of-wwi.html www.ww1cc.org/news WWrite Blog OK it’s time for an update for our WWRITE blog, which explores WWI’s Influence on contemporary writing and scholarship, this week's post is: “Champagne, "champagne," and World War I” This article is for literature, history, and, yes, champagne lovers. Motivation for weary WWI soldiers? Champagne. In 1915, the French government voted to send "champagne," the bubbly, celebratory drink, as a morale booster to the troops. Meanwhile, Champagne, the French region and source of the world's most elegant wine symbolizing celebration and peace, amassed severe wounds as a strategic point on Western Front. Don't miss this well-researched, insightful post written by journalist, Marsha Dubrow --- about the region, its signature drink --- and what happened to it during WWI . À votre santé! Link: www.ww1cc.org.wwrite http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/articles-posts/3069-champagne-champagne-and-world-war-i.html The Buzz - WW1 in Social Media Posts That brings us to the buzz - the centennial of WW1 this week in social media with Katherine Akey - Katherine - You have two articles to tell us about today - Take it away! Camo Man A great example of camouflage from The Great War Channel link:https://www.facebook.com/TheGreatWarYT/photos/a.653030651457682.1073741828.636345056459575/1430994273661312/?type=3&theater The Lost Sketchbook A new book about a young artist who served during WW1 Link:http://www.thelostsketchbooks.com/ Thank you Katherine. Closing And that is WW1 Centennial News for this week. We want to thank our guests: Mike Shuster from the great war project blog with an interesting series of anecdotes from 100 years ago this week. Jim Yocum from the 100 Cities / 100 Memorials project in Santa Monica, California Alicyn Ehrich, and Denzil Heaney, giving us a taste of the annual Pershing Days and the upcoming Black Jack documentary Katherine Akey the Commission’s social media director and also the line producer for the show. And I am Theo Mayer - your host. The US World War One Centennial Commission was created by Congress to honor, commemorate and educate about WW1. Our programs are to-- inspire a national conversation and awareness about WW1; This program is a part of that…. We are bringing the lessons of the 100 years ago into today's classrooms; We are helping to restore WW1 memorials in communities of all sizes across our country; and of course we are building America’s National WW1 Memorial in Washington DC. If you like the work we are doing, please support it with a tax deductible donation at ww1cc.org/donate - all lower case Or if you are on your smart phone text  the word: WW1 to 41444. that's the letters ww the number 1 texted to 41444. Any amount is appreciated. We want to thank commission’s founding sponsor the Pritzker Military Museum and Library for their support. The podcast can be found on our website at ww1cc.org/cn   on  iTunes and google play ww1 Centennial News. Our twitter and instagram handles are both @ww1cc and we are on facebook @ww1centennial. Thanks for joining us. And don’t forget to share the stories you are hearing here with someone about the war that changed the world!   [music]   Did you know that Cooties were also known as "arithmetic bugs" It true - because "they added to your troubles, subtracted from your pleasures, divided your attention, and multiplied like hell."   So long!

Highlights History: Pershing’s 4th of July 1917 |@ 01:30 History: Race riots in East St. Louis |@ 03:45 Feature: US Official Bulletin - Logistics |@ 06 :00 Guest: Joe Johnson, Logistics Expert: Defense Acquisition University |@ 10:30 Guest: Mike Shuster, Espionage Act attack on bill of rights |@ 15:50 News: President Donald Trump heading to Paris for WW1 Franco/US commemoration parade |@ 20:30 Event: Commissioner O’Connell “Feeding The Fight” with WWI culinary event in NYC |@ 22:00 Guest: Ellouise Schoettler “Ready to Serve” - one woman show about WWI Nurses |@ 23:15 States: Texas exhibit: “From Cowboy to Doughboy” & Jim Hodgson article |@ 29:15 International: London mail tunnels reopen as museum attraction |@ 30:10 Feature: 16-year-old teenage girl flies 100-year-old Jenny |@ 31:20 WWrite Blog: New post flips on convention with writer exploring redeeming qualities of combat violence!? |@ 34:00 And more….----more---- Opening Welcome to World War 1 centennial News - It’s about WW1 news 100 years ago this week  - and it’s about WW1 News NOW - news and updates about the centennial and the commemoration. WW1 Centennial News is brought to you by the U.S. World War I Centennial Commission and the Pritzker Military Museum and Library. Today is July 5th, 2017 and I’m Theo Mayer - Chief Technologist for the World War One Centennial Commission and your host. Correction First, a quick correction from last week’s episode #26. In support of our article on Harley Davidson in World War 1, we posted a picture of a line of tough looking soldiers, goggles over their eyes, weapons places on thighs, and gas masks at the ready. It’s a great picture - BUT….. It turns out that this image was not actually -  from WW1 but a bit later. So…  we have replaced that image at ww1cc.org/cn with an equally interesting photo of a Harley - This time definitely from WW1 - and this bad boy is fully equipped with a machine gunner side-car. World War One THEN 100 Year Ago This Week [sound transition] We have moved back in time 100 years ago. It is the morning of July 4th 1917. At his residence in Paris, General John J. Pershing comes to his window as he hears the musical peals of the “Star Spangled Banner”. The music being played outside by the 4th mounted band of the French Republican Guard having arrived at the residence with a large crowd of people to honor the General and the members of the 2nd battalion, 16th infantry who had just arrived in Paris from Saint Nazaire the previous day. At a critical time during America’s Revolutionary War against Britain, the French had come to the aid of the United States, and today on the 4th of July, 1917, the French citizens of Paris are showing their gratitude and respect for the alliance renewed and the favor returned. Pershing, with soldiers from the 16th Infantry, begin a full day of events.  This includes the descendants of French officers of the American Revolution who present their banners to Pershing. The symbol of Franco-American friendship is not lost on Pershing. He notes that Napoleon declared days of national mourning after the death of George Washington. Pershing will recall this event warmly in his memoire.  Quote “No other occasion that I recall was more significant or more clearly indicated the depth of French sentiment and affection for their old ally.” Afterwards, the American and French battalions and a military band march to the Cemetiere de Picpus to visit the grave of the Marquis de Lafayette, a French hero of the American Revolution. On the route, hundreds of thousands throng the parade, giving particular attention to the marching American soldiers. French ladies push into the ranks walking arm in arm with the soldiers. Arriving at the cemetery,  Pershing is coaxed into some brief remarks but soon turn it over to  Lt. Colonel Charles Stanton who’s remarks include a line that will echo through history  - “Lafayette, we are here!” This account of the 4th of July 1917 come from an article published by the American Battle Monuments Commission  - the link to the article is in the podcast notes: https://www.abmc.gov/news-events/news/july-4th-1917-paris-celebrating-united-states%E2%80%99-arrival-world-war-i [SOUND EFFECT] Dateline: July 2nd, 1917 Headline: Race riots in East St. louis There is tension leading to violence in East St. Louis this day. The massive industrial expansion brought on by the war effort in the North and the Midwest, are drawing in new sources of labor including African Americans from the rural south. The newcomers are not universally welcomed by the white population. Certainly there are concerns about job security - but there is also the deep seated and pervasive racisms of the time. On July 2nd, 1917 the situation goes out of control! It begins as several white men in a car shoot into a crowd of black pedestrians and drive off. When an hour later a similar car comes back into the neighborhood, locals fire back and two plainclothes police detectives - inside the car - are killed. The situation escalates as white mobs descend on East St. Louis -- while the police look the other way. Over the next day, reports are that 150 black people are shot, beaten to death or lynched.  Rioters torch large section of the neighborhood as over 7,000 people lose their homes. Finally on July 4th,  the National Guard arrives in force and the riots are put to an end. People call on President Wilson to address the issue but he stays largely silent. Plans for a 10,000 man march in NY city are being made by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People - the NAACP to protest the situation. [SOUND EFFECT] Dateline: June 28th 1917 Headline: BAKER TO CENSOR ALL TROOP NEWS Today the New York Times reports that Secretary of War - Newton Baker is very very upset by the publication of dispatches from France telling of troop movements and Pershing’s men arriving. This puts him at direct odds with George Creel, President Wilson’s Propaganda chief and publisher of the Official Bulletin, the government’s daily war gazette. Clearly there is great tension between the desire to “sell the war” and the military needs for secrecy… a tension that is not going away anytime soon. Speaking of the Official Bulletin - This week - we picked another topic to emphasize through the week’s articles in the bulletin - this week we look at  LOGISTICS [SOUND EFFECT] Dateline: Thursday July 5, 1917 Headline: HUGE FIGURES SHOWING THE SCALE OF ARMY OPERATIONS AT PRESENT TIME ARE GIVEN Here are some illustrative figures showing the scale of Army operations: Purchases have been authorized as follows : Over five million blankets. Thirty-seven million yards of bobbinette. Two million cots. Forty-five million five hundred thousand yards cotton cloth, olive drab. Twenty-one million three hundred thousand yards unbleached cloth. Six million pairs of shoes. Eleven million one hundred and ninety one thousand pairs light woolen socks. Compared to 1915 In the year 1915, for sustenance for the army personnel $9,800,000; this year, $133,000,000. In the year 1915, $10,000,000 for regular supplies ; this year, almost $110,000,000. In 1915, $13,000,000 for transportation ; this year, almost $222,000,000. “The list goes on… but the scale of change in acquisition and therefore the need to organize that - logistics - is impressive. In terms of construction - three quick stories this week alone [SOUND EFFECT] Headline: SIXTEEN TENTED CITIES WILL BE BUILT FOR THE GUARDSMEN The story reads: The War Department authorizes the following : Construction has begun on 16 wooden cities for our new National Army, but this is only half of the military cities which will soon be ready for our soldiers. Steps are now being taken to build 16 cities of tents to receive the National Guardsmen who will be called to the colors soon. It will not take so long to make them ready for the troops, and for this reason - the work on them has been held back until the wooden cities were planned and put under contract. [SOUND EFFECT] Headline: PUBLIC LIBRARY FOR EACH OF 32 ARMY CANTONMENTS The American Library Association has been asked by the War Department's Commission on Training Camp Activities to furnish public library facilities to the 32 cantonments and National Guard training camps to be opened by the War Department about September 1, and the association has undertaken to render the desired service. [SOUND EFFECT] Headline: PAYMENTS TO CONTRACTORS FOR ARMY CANTONMENTS EXPLAINED The story reads: Col. I. W. Littell, Quartermaster Corps, who is in charge of cantonment construction, in a letter sent to the General Munitions Board in reply to reported delays between the forwarding of invoices for materials shipped on Government order and the date of payment therefor, states : " It is the intention of the cantonment division to pay contractors for the National Army cantonments daily, covering material inspected and accepted and to which the United States takes title; weekly, for the purpose of their payrolls ; and monthly, on the 9th of the month, for all other bills not settled for in the daily payments. [Sound Effect] Headline: SUFFICIENT SUPPLIES FOR NATIONAL GUARD AND NATIONAL ARMY IN GOOD TIME ASSURED In The Last Three Months, More Troops Have Been Outfitted Than During Entire Spanish-American War - U. S. Soldiers in France Have Six Months' Supplies With Them. “The article explains that Secretary Baker went ahead and put in the orders for these massive supplies before there was actually the money to do so - and - the article states “It saved the day! The adjournment of Congress March 4, without passing, the urgent, deficiency bill, left the War Department without money to pay for the supplies for future needs, but the orders were placed and a great saving of time was effected. All this speaks to a level of coordination and process that is unprecedented.. This is called logistics. Guest  Joe Johnson, Chief of Staff at the Defense Acquisition University And with us today is an expert on the subject - Joe Johnson, is the Chief of Staff at the Defense Acquisition University.  Welcome Joe! [Joe - Let me start by asking about the Defense Acquisition University? What is it?] [Joe: The scale of the war effort ramp up is incredible and actually probably hard for us to fathom today. Was there any precedent to this? ] [Joe: The subject here -  logistics - is as big as the war effort - and there really are two giant heads on this hydra - here and Europe - so just for today - I want to focus here in the US. How did this logistics capability change our nation - then - and into the following century - to today?] [what encompasses logistics - for most it’s only a word - but it’s much more than that, isn’t it?] Joe, if we can I would like to have you back over the coming weeks - though this is not the “flag, glory and fight” part of what happened 100 years ago - this really is a major aspect to the war that changed the world - and our country That was Joe Johnson, the Chief of Staff at the Defense Acquisition University - Joe does a full length presentation on logistics - If you woudl like to contact joe, send us a note here at ww1cn@worldwar1centennial.org and we will get you in touch. Link: http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/contact.html [SOUND EFFECT] Great War Project Our next guest is Mike shuster, former NPR correspondent and curator for the Great War Project blog.   This week Mike is going to give us some in-depth on a subject we opened a few episodes ago -  The 1917 Espionage act. It and the following year’s Sedition Act are probably the most draconian assaults on the bill of rights  in our nation’s history. Welcome Mike.   LINK:http://greatwarproject.org/2017/07/02/rebel-now-boys/ [Mike Shuster] Thank you Mike. That was Mike Shuster from the Great War Project blog. [SOUND EFFECT] The Great War Channel To watch  WW1 videos on what was happening 100 years ago this week, go visit our friends at the Great War Channel on Youtube. This week’s new episodes cover a variety of subjects including: A hardware piece on the Armoured trains of WW1 A fascinating story about Russia’s new offensive - The Russian Women’s Battalion of Death AND --- Fighting without a country - the Czechoslovak Legions of WW1 The link is in the podcast notes or search for “the great war” on youtube. Link: https://www.youtube.com/user/TheGreatWar World War One NOW [SOUND EFFECT] We have moved forward into the present with WW1 Centennial News NOW  - News about the centennial and the commemoration. News The biggest news for the centennial and the commemoration was announced late last week. From Bloomberg the headline reads: President Trump to attend Bastille Day Parade in Paris honoring WWI U.S. soldiers who arrived in France 100 years ago U.S. President Donald Trump has accepted French President Emmanuel Macron’s invitation to attend France’s Bastille day celebrations as the two men put aside differences to pay tribute to the U.S. soldiers who fought in France 100 years ago. Trump will attend the traditional July 14 military parade where American troops will march alongside French soldiers to commemorate the centenary of the U.S. entry into World War I,  - the offices of both leaders said. This is a pretty exciting acknowledgement of the centennial by the white house and we will continue to cover the story both here and hopefully with a live stream of the event on July 14th. We are working on it - Stay tuned! Link: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-06-28/trump-accepts-macron-invitation-s-to-attend-bastille-day-parade Activities and Events [Sound Effect] From the U.S. National WW1 Centennial Events Register at WW1CC.org/events - here is our upcoming “event pick” of the week: Feeding the Fight On July 18th at the Museum of the City of New York - in Manhattan, WW1 Centennial Commissioner Libby O’Connell will delve into American cuisine both at home and abroad during war years.   Among her many skills, Dr. O’Connell is also a food historian and author of The American Plate: A Culinary History in 100 Bites. The event, inspired by the museum’s exhibition, Posters & Patriotism: Selling World War I in New York, will feature both well known and lesser known foodstuffs for attendees to sample. French 75s, a cocktail popular during the period named for the French 75 mm field gun, will be served courtesy of the new wine cocktail company Pampelonne. Additionally, attendees will receive a copy of an original cake recipe promoted by the Red Cross to send to soldiers overseas. Read more about the event by following the link in the podcast notes, Also look for events happening in your area by searching on our U.S. National WW1 Centennial Events Register - where you can submit your own upcoming WW1 events by clicking on the big read button - it is all at ww1cc.org/events all lower case - or follow the links in the podcast notes. link:http://www.mcny.org/event/feeding-fight-culinary-history-wwi http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/commemorate/event-map-system/eventdetail/41704/feeding-the-fight-the-culinary-history-of-wwi.html http://ww1cc.org/events [sound effect] Capital Fringe Performance “ready to serve”: Interview with Ellouise Schoettler Another event we want to let you know about is a one woman show happening as a part of July’s Capital Fringe Festival in Washington DC - called “Ready to Serve”. It is about WW1 nurses. Here with us today is Ellouise Schoettler, spoken word artist, to talk to us about her upcoming performance. Ellouise, thank you for joining us today! [Ellouise - I understand you’ve put two years of work into researching and writing this show, can you tell us about it? [ What was it about the Nurses’ experience during the war that first drew you to the subject?] [Ellouise - What do you do to engage modern day audiences, who may not be familiar with WW1 at all, with stories of individuals from 100 years ago? link:http://ellouiseschoettler.com/ Showtimes at festival: http://wwonenurses.weebly.com/ Updates From The States [sound effect] Now for our updates from the states. Texas From the North Texas World War 1 Centennial Commission -- a new exhibit opens July 9th at the Fort Worth Central Library. The exhibit “From cowboy to doughboy” looks at the impact of WW1 on Texas and Texan life and on the state as the whole. We put a link in the podcast notes to an article written by Jim Hodgson, executive director of the Fort Worth Aviation Museum about life in Texas during the war. Our friends from the North Texas World War 1 Centennial Commission are also has a number of other events, including film screenings like Wings, The Big Parade and All Quiet on the Western Front and lectures about training camps, the Native American and African American experience of the war and much more. Learn more by following the links in the podcast notes. link:http://www.fortworthbusiness.com/news/briefs/from-cowboy-to-doughboy-north-texas-in-wwi-mobilization-for/article_6f4878b2-5e8f-11e7-b54f-53369c294440.html https://www.northtexasworldwar1centennial.org/events/ International Report Tunnels in london In our International Report this week, we’re going to the London Underground, but not to the train tracks you might first think of. Under London’s streets runs 6.5 miles of train tunnels built solely to help the city transport mail. In the years leading up to WW1, the streets of London became clogged with horse and buggies and, increasingly, the speedy automobile. It became difficult and nearly impossible to successfully deliver mail and parcels above ground, so the Postal service circumvented the congestion altogether. In 1914, construction began and the mail moved from the surface to the tunnels. The tunnels also served a special Wartime purpose during WW1, safeguarding art treasures belonging to the National Portrait Gallery and the Tate Gallery, including the Rosetta Stone. In WW2, the tunnels were put back into the war effort as dormitories for troops, and…. flooding a few times during the blitz. London shut the whole thing down well over a decade ago - but it is now re-opening as a postal museum and attraction - where visitors can see replica locomotives, engineer tools, the bag exchange system and more. Learn about the history of this unique mail system and a new place to visit in London by following the link in the podcast notes. Link:https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2017/06/22/secret-tunnels-were-hidden-beneath-london-since-wwi-soon-you-can-visit-them Spotlight in the Media High Flying Teen is Awesome For our Spotlight in the Media segment - we spotted an article from the Air Museum Network. The headline of the article reads: “Pennsylvania Teen Makes Solo Flight in 100-Year-Old Curtiss Jenny” Meet Caroline Dougherty, a young lady who turned 16 earlier this year. While many soon-to-be 16 year olds are dreaming of a sweet sixteen party, Caroline had her head firmly in the clouds with dreams of flying her father’s pride and joy, his 100-year-old Curtiss JN-4D “ the flying Jenny”. And she GOT to fly the Curtiss - at a Flying Circus Airshow, impressing all spectators including her visibly proud papa. Paul Daugherty, Caroline’s father, is a bit of an aviation enthusiast, and runs an outfit called Dougherty Airshows with planes he restores. Caroline grew up in the world of aviation and history, with dad serving as the announcer for their family airshows. If her impressive solo-flight is any indication, this high flying lass will continue to be an important part of the US air show circuit for years to come. Read more about her flight in the Curtiss by following the link in the podcast notes. link:http://airmuseumnetwork.com/pennsylvania-teen-makes-solo-flight-100-year-old-curtiss-jenny/ http://www.doughertyairshows.com/ Articles and Posts The Bridge arrives in NYC It is time for our Articles and Posts segment - where we explore the World War One Centennial Commission’s rapidly growing website at ww1cc.org - This week in the news section you will find an article following up on last week’s “Bridge Race” commemorating the arrival of US Troops in France.   The Queen Mary II -- the Cunard Cruise Line’s flagship ocean liner -- made port Saturday morning at the Brooklyn Cruise Terminal, after taking part in The Bridge 2017 -- a trans-Atlantic trip, themed to commemorate the 100th year of World War I, and 100 years of friendship between France and the United States. You’ll find the article and beautiful images of the Queen in NY harbor on her arrival in an article posted at ww1cc.org/news all lower case. The Cunard’s historical connection to WW1 reaches back to May 7th, 1915 when one of their ships - the Lusitania - was sunk by the Germany - beginning the shift of US sentiment against war neutrality in WW1. The US WW1 Commission co-sponsored an event at NY harbor on the centennial of the sinking - you can a link to that story and the video of that commemorative ceremony in the podcast notes. link:http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/press-media/wwi-centennial-news/2704-the-bridge-has-arrived-in-new-york-city.html Link: http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/press-media/wwi-centennial-news/650-lusitania-commemoration-events-in-nyc-and-dc.html WWrite Blog In our WWRITE blog, which explores WWI’s Influence on contemporary writing and scholarship, this week's post is: “Ernst Jünger: The Modern War Story“ This week, in an interesting flip on convention, the  WWrite post steps out of the current narrative in war literature to explore our culture's allure not to peace, but to violence. Rather than glorifying war, recent memoirs and books have concentrated on its debilitating and destructive effect on the returning soldier. In this post, award-winning veteran writer Elliot Ackerman gives us his take on Ernst Jünger's seminal war memoir, Storm of Steel, and the ways in which it assigns a redeeming quality to combat violence. Don't miss this most interesting post. link:http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/articles-posts/2674-the-modern-war-story-by-elliot-ackerman.html The Buzz - WW1 in Social Media Posts That brings us to the buzz - the centennial of WW1 this week in social media with Katherine Akey - Katherine - what do you have for us this week? The Star Spangled Banner and WW1 How did the Star Spangled Banner become a National Anthem -- and an integral part of sporting events? http://www.chicagotribune.com/sports/baseball/ct-wrigley-field-national-anthem-20170703-story.html Polish Americans Signing up Polish Americans volunteer in incredible volumes. https://www.facebook.com/ww1centennial/photos/a.290566277785344.1073741829.185589304949709/800320173476616/?type=3&theater Thank you Katherine. Closing And that is WW1 Centennial News for this week. Thank you for listening! We want to thank our guests: Joe Johnson, Chief of Staff at the Defense Acquisition University talking to us about LOGISTICS Mike Shuster from the Great War Project blog and his post about the 1917 Espionage act Ellouise Schoettler, spoken word artist and her one woman show: “Ready to Serve” about WW1 nurses Katherine Akey the Commission’s social media director and also the line producer for the show. And I am Theo Mayer - your host. Appeal As you know, we are totally supported by donations, and we want to thank the many of you who contributed during the runup and over the 4th of July holiday. It was, in fact, the most successful donor period we have had to date. Thank you for your great support. We also want to thank the Pritzker Military Museum and Library our founding sponsor! Visit their WW1 website at www.pritzkermilitary/ww1. There is also a link in the podcast notes LINK:www.pritzkermilitary/ww1 Wrapup The podcast can be found on our website at ww1cc.org/cn   on  iTunes, google play, and tuneIn - search for ww1 Centennial News. Our twitter and instagram handles are both @ww1cc and we are on facebook @ww1centennial. Thanks for joining us again this week. So long. [music]

Highlights: Bulletin: Hear headlines and stories from the “Official Bulletin” |@ 02:15 Guest: Mike Shuster on the mutinies in France |@ 06:15 America’s WW1 Memorial: what CFA approval means from Edwin Fountain |@ 10:35 Memorial Day: History, significance, observance and links to activities |@ 12:00 States: Indiana article on Opha May Johnson, Alabama on National League for Woman’s Service |@ 14:30 Education: National History Day |@ 16:15 Media Spotlight: Robert Laplander / Doughboy MIA in the news |@ 19:00 Guest: Richard Rubin on his new book: “Back Over There” |@ 20:45 Guests: John Brancy and Peter Dugan on their WW1 music album |@ 25:30 Much more... ----more---- WW1 Centennial News - Weekly Podcast World War One Centennial News: May 24, 2017 Welcome to World War One Centennial News. It’s about WW1 news 100 years ago this week  - and it’s about WW1 NOW - news and updates about the centennial and the commemoration.WW1 Centennial News is brought to you by the U.S. World War I Centennial Commission and the Pritzker Military Museum and Library. Today is May 17th, 2017 and I’m Theo Mayer - Chief Technologist for the World War One Centennial Commission and your host. World War One THEN 100 Year Ago This Week We have gone back in time 100 years to May 18, 1917. Today is quite a day. It’s all Pomp and Circumstance as Wilson signs the Selective Service Act into law - ending the debate about an all volunteer army - Instead - it will be the combination volunteer and conscripted army.All men between the ages of 21 and 30 will have to register for the draft by June 5th.  There is still a big question about who is going to head the huge new army… Wilson also answers that question today. It’s a big fat NO to Roosevelt’s plan to raise a division of volunteer troops - which, of course, HE would lead to Europe. This really ticks him off! Some think that he probably misses the glory days of the “Rough Riders” pounding it out in Cuba. It’s also a NO to General Leonard Wood the former US Army Chief of staff. Apparently, Wilson thinks he has too many ties to the opposition Republican Party.Instead, today’s second big announcement by president Woodrow Wilson is the appointment of General John J. Pershing to head the US Army’s Expeditionary Force. Pershing - is politically non-partisan. He is publicly popular - as the former commander of what is known as the “Punitive Expedition” sent out to spank Mexico’s Pancho Villa for sneaking up north and attacking the town of Columbus, in New Mexico.May 18th is a big day on the hill.What else is going on this week in 1917? For interesting details, let’s look at the Official Bulletin. Here are some of the stories running in America’s official war gazette.   The Bulletin Saturday May 19, 2017: Storyline: “Regulars will be First Troops Sent to France”:  President Announces in Statement Issued After Signing the Selective Conscription BillAlso Saturday May 19: Storyline: US ARMY UNIT ARRIVES IN BRITAINThe first unit of the United States Army is now on foreign soil.Yesterday marks the arrival In England of Ruse Hospital No. 4, of Cleveland, Ohio, under command of MaJ. Harry L. Gilchrist, of the Medical Corps of the United States Army, This Is the first of six army base hospitals which have been ordered abroad - for service In France.Monday May 21: Storyline, REGIMENT OF U. S. MARINES IN THE EXPEDITION TO FRANCESecretary of the Navy Daniels announces that a regiment of US Marines (2,600 men) will accompany the first expedition to France. The regiment will be commanded by Col. Charles A. Doyen :Quote "In being among the first on the firing line In France, the marines will be upholding their historic record," said Secretary Daniels. Monday May 21: Storyline: INSIGNIA ADOPTED FOR ALL GOVERNMENT AERIAL CRAFT The United States Government has adopted as the insignia for all its aircraft a white star with red center on a circular background of blue. All American aeroplanes, seaplanes, captive balloons, and dirigibles will bear this star of the Flying Corps, which combines the red, white, and blue of the national flag. Wed. May 23: Storyline: COTTON ONE OF ESSENTIALS FOR MODERN WAR,Secretary of the Navy Daniels,  introduces the Hon. Arthur James Balfour to the Cotton Manufacturers' Association in a session in Washington DC, Daniels declares:Cotton is still king.And in closing from the May 23 issue: Here is an article that talks about the Official Bulletin itself.The headline states:FUNCTIONS OF THEOFFICIAL BULLETINThe article goes on the read:Many misunderstandings have arisen with regard to the Official Bulletin,which is being issued by the Committee on Public Information under order of the President. This publication is not a newspaper in the accepted sense of the word.Its single purpose is to assure the full and legal printing of the official announcements of Government heads in connection with governmental business. Exclusive publication Is neither the thought nor ambition. It will not interfere with the legitimate functions of the press in any manner, nor will official news be delayed or withheld In order to give the Bulletin any special news significance.The article goes on the explain what types of information the Official Bulletin Publishes.These include:Proclamations and Executive orders of the President ; rules and regulations of the executive departments;administrative orders; official bulletins and official statements of policy; AND statutes enacted relating to war matters of whichthe public should be officially informed.It’s interesting to note that the cost of this publication is really expensive. An annual subscription is $5 - that is equivalent to over $100 Today.They do have a comp list though- this includes:The President, the cabinet, members of the Senate and House, the Diplomatic and consular corp, foreign diplomats and consuls, Officer of the military services, every post office got a free copy to post, governors, mayors of all cities, all newspapers, magazines, colleges and universities, and major trade organizations. Industry and the rest of the nation has to pony up.The articles concludes with an unusual paragraph: Quote:Should there someday be a WW1 Centennial News podcast - each issue of the Official bulletin shall be republished on the centennial anniversary date of its original publication date and provided free on something to be called the internet at an address designated as: ww1cc.org/bulletin - all lower caseThough the source of last paragraph cannot be officially confirmed.Check it out at ww1cc.org/bulletinLink: ww1cc.org/bulletin Great War Project Joining us now is former NPR correspondent Mike Shuster from the Great War Project blog.  Mike - in the first few paragraph of your post, Historian Martin Gilbert also notes the arrival of the first base hospital unit sent to Europe - in secret by the war department as the first US military to arrive - BUT as your post makes really clear - Apparently their arrival is in the midst of a pretty dire situation for the French army - Tell us the story Mike: [Mike Shuster] LINK:http://greatwarproject.org/2017/05/21/in-france-its-mutiny-thousands-refuse-to-fight/Thank you Mike. That was Mike Shuster from the Great War Project blog. The Great War Channel If you’d like to watch interesting and informative videos about WW1- 100 years ago this week - check out the new posts from our friends at the Great War Channel on Youtube. This week their new episodes include: The Ally From The Far East - Japan in World War 1Indie Nydell walks you through Japan’s role in WW1 - including a great perspective of “who was Japan” in 1917. Also new this week - The Hero Of Tannenberg - Paul von HindenburgThis video profiles a german war commander and hero of the time - Paul Von Hindenberg. Follow the link in the podcast notes to the Great War Channel on Youtube.Link:https://www.youtube.com/user/TheGreatWar World War One NOW We have moved forward into the present with WW1 Centennial News NOW  - News about the centennial and the commemoration. Memorial At the WW1 Centennial Commission, the team is still buzzing about last week’s nod from the CFA -  on concept approval of America’s National WW1 Memorial in Washington DC.Edwin Fountain, the vice chair of our Commission and the project leader for the Memorial explains more specifically what happened and what it means.Edwin notes:Thursday’s decision by the U.S. Commission of Fine Arts (the CFA) was a significant milestone for the WWI memorial project. Federal memorials in Washington, DC are subject to design approval by the CFA. They gave us “concept approval”, which means the CFA has endorsed our proposal to establish a memorial at Pershing Park - near the White House -  in the form of a large bronze bas-relief sculpture that evokes the story of WW1. This sculpture will be the centerpiece of a trio of memorial elements, including the existing statue of General Pershing - The America’s General of the Armies, as well as a ceremonial flag stand that will offer additional opportunities for commemoration of the war.To learn more - see the latest designs - and to help BUILD America’s WW1 Memorial in Washington DC - go to ww1cc.org/memorial. Honor our WW1 veterans with a donation for this project on memorial day. They can’t - but we CAN thank you for your support. Memorial Day So what IS memorial day - besides a day off work in early summer and a lot of car sales. What does it means? Where did it came from?Memorial day was originally called Decoration Day and traces back to the civil war as a time to decorate the Union soldiers’ graves with flowers. By the 20th century, there were competing Union and Confederate holiday traditions, celebrated on different days. These eventually got merged into Memorial Day to honor all Americans who died while in the military service.It also marks the start of the summer vacation season, while Labor Day marks its end.On June 28, 1968, Congress passed the Uniform Monday Holiday Act, which moved four holidays, including Memorial Day, from their traditional dates to a specified Monday in order to create convenient three-day holiday weekends.On Memorial day, many people visit cemeteries and memorials to honor those who have died in military service. Many volunteers place an American flag on each grave in national cemeteries.This year - activities include the annual Washington DC parade - but have gathered a bunch of links and information for you about Memorial day activities all over the country. You’ll find them in the podcast notes and on our WW1 Centennial News web page at ww1cc.org/cnLink: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memorial_DayLIVESTREAM:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AvER0kTNPoohttps://www.dogonews.com/2017/5/22/honoring-our-fallen-heroes-on-memorial-dayhttp://www.southcoasttoday.com/special/20170504/memorial-day-2017-will-honor-veterans-of-world-war-ihttp://www.journal-news.com/news/local/air-force-veteran-serve-hamilton-memorial-day-parade-marshal/pIXbTShU18S4rDbol3HoLO/http://www.telegram.com/news/20170522/memorial-day-events-in-central-masshttp://www.lohud.com/story/news/2017/05/19/memorial-day-events/323099001/http://www.yakimaherald.com/lifestyle/travel/yakima-valley-preparing-for-memorial-day-events/article_d0e7b97e-3f32-11e7-b080-83458fe686e7.htmlhttp://www.readingeagle.com/news/article/history-book-deeper-sense-of-patriotism-in-world-war-i-for-memorial-dayhttp://villagenews.com/local/memorial-day-runs-will-honor-fallen-heroes-wars/ Activities and Events US Army Birthday BallIn other activities and events -  This week we picked one for you that is one coming up next month in Orlando, FL.In 2017 -  the US Army turns 242! Quick - it’s 2017 - the army turns 242 - so what year was the US army established? [tick tock sound and buzzer] 1775!To celebrate, the Sunshine Chapter of the Association of the US Army in Orlando, FL is hosting a Ball on June 17th. The ball will feature a World War I Centennial theme “Over There: A Celebration of the WWI Soldier” Dr. Monique Seefried, one of the World War One Centennial Commissioners, will be the featured guest speaker. Lieutenant Colonel Edwin Kennedy will present a short talk on the augmentation of WWI Army leadership - for an Army that grew 20-fold. For more information, see the link in the podcast noteslink:http://www.ausa-sunshine.org/home-posts/army-birthday-ball-2017/ Updates From The States Indiana: First Woman in Marine CorpsOn the Indiana State Commission website at ww1cc.org/indiana, there is an article about Opha May, the first woman in the Marine Corps. By the summer of 1918 the Marine Corps was in need of more soldiers, many of whom occupied vital administrative and clerical positions. The idea was circulated and eventually approved to allow women into the Marine Corps to fill these non-combat positions. From Kokomo, Indiana, Opha May Johnson was first in line - when the recruiting station in Washington D.C. opened its doors to women. AND -- she would become a legend as the first woman Marine. Opha demonstrated the willingness of women to step up and fill these roles just as earnestly and to perform them just as capably as their male counterparts. Read more about her life - and service at ww1cc.org/indiana or by following the link in the podcast notes.link: http://www.worldwar1centennial.org/2432http://ww1cc.org/indianaAlabamaNow another story about the service of women in the war, this time from the Alabama’s State Commission site at ww1cc.org/alabama. The Motor Corps was one of eight divisions of the National League for Woman’s Service established on January 27, 1917 - Their charter? “To organize and train the great woman power of the country for specific and economic service; to be prepared to meet existing needs; to be ready for emergency service; and to supplement the work of Governmental Departments and Committees—Federal, State, and City”And so at least 78 Motor Corps units were established across the country. The one in Montgomery was activated in April 1918 You can read more about the women that made up the corps and the supporting role they played throughout the war by visiting ww1cc.org/alabama - all lower case. . Link:www.ww1cc.org/alabamahttp://www.worldwar1centennial.org/2178 Education Update National History Day In our education sectionToday we are going to talk about National History Day, that offers year-long academic programs for middle- and high-school students around the world. Each year, the National History Day - Contest - encourages more than half a million students to conduct historical research on a topic of their choice. They enter their projects at the local and affiliate levels, with top students advancing to the National Contest; WW1 Centennial Commissioner, Dr.  Libby O’Connell, will be giving a special award for best WW1 history project at the finals.The students are provided guiding articles and support materials - so the National WW1 Museum’s Curator of Education, Laura Vogt, provided a wonderful reference guide about African American soldiers in WW1 and how that experience shaped the stand for equal rights after the war. Laura did a great job providing a sample essay for participating students and teachers but frankly - I took a look at it and it’s a great read for all of us. We going to expand the discussion next week, when we will be joined by Dr. Cathy Gorn,  the executive director of National History Day and an adjunct professor of history at the University of Maryland at College Park.link:https://www.nhd.org/http://nhd.org/sites/default/files/2017_Themebook_0.pdf - Page 46 onwards International Report Jazz in BrestAnd following Laura Vogts theme, This week in our International Report we turn our eyes, and ears, to France. Last week we talked about the 369th experience and how they brought Jazz to Europe. In a follow up, we have a story from the french town of Brest -  a harbor town in Brittany on the western coast… famous for fine chow in a country of great cuisine!Here - a group of middle schoolers wrote a radio drama about the “sammies” who brought Jazz to their town in 1917. Students researched the life of these American soldiers, including Lt. James Reese Europe, then the director of the Harlem Hellfighters’ 369th regimental band. By studying archives and other source, the students collaborated with a local musicians to create a jazz musical outlining these soldier’s lives in France as well as the struggles they faced - on returning to America. Follow the links in the podcast notes - to watch video clips of the live performances . The website is all in french but the music is all jazz! Enjoy.http://centenaire.org/fr/espace-pedagogique/college-harteloire-brest/la-fabrication-dune-fiction-radiophoniquehttp://www.ouest-france.fr/bretagne/brest-29200/brest-centenaire-des-troisiemes-de-l-harteloire-sur-scene-au-vauban-5003199http://www.harteloire.com/les-actualites/actualites-pedagogiques/1917-larrivee-du-jazz-en-france-enregistrement-dune-fictionDNA allows a soldier to be reburied under his own nameNow from the UK - A story about how one of the thousands of anonymous dead in France was given back his name. The Joint Casualty and Compassionate Centre of the UK’s Ministry of Defence helped identify the bones of Private Henry Parker, whose remains were found in France in 2015. By using DNA, they were able to find a match to his great-nephew, who, along with 25 of his other family members, attended - the reinterment of Private Parker at a Commonwealth War Graves Cemetery where he was buried with full honors - and -  importantly, with his name. Learn more by following the link in the podcast notes.link:http://bbc.co.uk.via.snip.ly/gsoqu#http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-39946381 Spotlight on the Media Here is the US, unfortunately our Department of Defense has ceases looking for our MIAs from World War 1. So in our “Spotlight on the Media” section this week, we would like to profile a very special fellow today - Rob Laplander. Rob - as a private citizen - is a tireless advocate for America’s WW1 MIAs - and there are over 4,400 of them - We proudly host Mr. Laplander’s Doughboy MIA project website at ww1cc.org/mia - all lower case. Here you’ll find their story and a searchable database that you can explore to find WW1 MIAs from you state, town or family.Last week, the Wall Street Journal broke a story about Rob. The headline reads: Missing WWI Servicemen Getting Full Recognition With ‘Doughboy MIA’ ProjectThe article is about the project’s recent success in the case of Seaman Herbert Renshaw fell overboard, off the coast of South Carolina during a naval patrol 100 years ago this week on May 22, 1917. But probably due to a clerical error by Navy officials, he was never listed on a monument to the missing at Brookwood American Cemetery in England. Now he will be.Thank you Rob Laplander and the Doughboy MIA project for your great service for our WW1 veterans. As your motto says: A man is only missing if he is forgotten.You can go to the web site at ww1cc.org/mia. You can support Rob Laplander and his great work by doing yourself a favor and buying his book - Finding the Lost Battalion. A link to the book site is also in the podcast notes.link:https://www.wsj.com/articles/doughboy-mia-makes-sure-missing-world-war-i-heroes-get-recognition-1495443601http://www.history.com/news/volunteer-sleuths-ensure-world-war-i-mia-receives-just-due-100-years-after-deathhttp://www.findingthelostbattalion.com/p/links-and-resources.htmlhttp://ww1cc.org/mia  Richard RubinAnd speaking of books and authors - We have a special guest with us today. Richard Rubin is a premiere author and storyteller about WW1. Someone said to me once - “you know, if you are only going to read a single book about WW1 - then you should read “The Last of the Doughboy” which was Richard Rubin’s first book. Now Richard has just released a second book on WW1 called “Back Over There” which just came out.Welcome Richard!Richard - tell us about the new book?Richard - you and I have been talking about a weekly feature here on WW1 Centennial News called The Storyteller and the Historian - You are the storyteller and Jonathan Bratten - a military historian from Maine is your cohort on the project. We are hoping to launch the feature in the coming month… What can you tell us about it?link:http://www.richardrubinonline.com/John Brancy and Peter DuganIt’s time to talk about MUSIC and WW1![music clip]With us today are Baritone John Brancy and pianist Peter Dugan - they  debuted their recital - A Silent Night - at the Kennedy Center in 2014 which was hailed by The Washington Post as " refreshingly, marvelously different," The program pays homage to the centennial of World War I through the music of composers who lived through, fought in, and died in the Great War. The songs have now come out as an album -Welcome gentlemen.[interview]Thank you - Tell us about the project and what inspired you to create the program!That was Baritone John Brancy and pianist Peter Dugan and their WW1 music album - a Silent night - thanks for talking with us today.  you both for being here. We put a link in the podcast notes for where to find their web site and how to find the album.[MUSIC]link:http://www.johnbrancy.com/abouthttps://www.indiegogo.com/projects/a-silent-night-a-wwi-centenary-tribute-in-song-war#/ The Buzz - WW1 in Social Media Posts That brings us to the buzz - the centennial of WW1 this week in social media with Katherine Akey - Katherine - what do you have for us this week?Newly digitized Red Cross PhotosA newly digitized collection of images from the Red Cross offers a glimpse into the rehabilitation of amputees and wounded veterans after WW1.Link:https://blogs.loc.gov/picturethis/2017/05/american-national-red-cross-collection-newly-digitized-photos/?loclr=fbloc-ww1Weather and WW1A Quaker Mathematician developed the field of mathematical weather modeling during his service in an ambulance service during WW1, fundamentally changing how we predict weather.link:http://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/how-world-war-i-changed-weather-good-180963360Is your dog an ally of the Kaiser?Food was expected to be scarce in 1917 and 1918, but it seems that finger pointing may have started at the expense of sweet puppy dogs everywhere.link:http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn89058013/1917-05-18/ed-1/seq-4.pdf Closing That’s WW1 Centennial News for this week. Thank you for listening!We want to thank our guests Mike Shuster from the Great War Project blogRichard Rubin, Writer and AuthorJohn Brancy and Peter Dugan, Independent Musicians Katherine Akey the Commission’s social media director and also the line producer for the show.And I am Theo Mayer - your host this week.The US World War One Centennial Commission was created by Congress to honor, commemorate and educate about WW1. Our programs are to--inspire a national conversation and awareness about WW1;we are bringing the lessons of the 100 years ago into today's classrooms;We are helping to restore WW1 memorials in communities of all sizes across our country;and of course we are building America’s National WW1 Memorial in Washington DC.We rely entirely on your donations. No government appropriations or taxes are being used, so please give what you can by going to ww1cc.org/donate - all lower caseOr if you are on your smart phone text  the word: WW1 to 41444. that's the letters ww the number 1 to 41444We want to thank commission’s founding sponsor the Pritzker Military Museum and Library for their support. The podcast can be found on our website at ww1cc.org/cn  on  iTunes and google play ww1 Centennial News. Our twitter and instagram handles are both @ww1cc and we are on facebook @ww1centennial. Thanks for joining us. And don’t forget to talk to someone about the centennial of WW1 this week. So long.[music] SUBSCRIPTIONS WW1 Centennial News Video Podcast on iTunes https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/ww1-centennial-news/id1209764611?mt=2 Weekly Dispatch Newsletterhttp://www.worldwar1centennial.org/index.php/communicate/2015-12-28-18-26-00/subscribe.htm

In April 2017, the MacArthur Memorial and the Hampton Roads Naval Museum hosted a World War I symposium. Jim Zobel, the archivist of the MacArthur Memorial, gave a presentation entitled: "A Frontiersman in France: Douglas MacArthur and the Rainbow Division in World War I." This presentation outlined MacArthur's relationship with General John J. Pershing and highlighted MacArthur's battlefield exploits.

In February 1918, General John J. Pershing, commander of the American Expeditionary Force had only five divisions in France. One of those divisions, the 42nd “Rainbow” Division, had just arrived and had not yet experienced trench warfare. Along with the other American divisions, the 42nd was partnered with French units in order to learn to operate and survive at the front. Under French tutelage, the men and officers of the 42nd Division absorbed the combat tactics and other common sense survival skills while serving in the Luneville Baccarat Sector between February and March 1918. Typically a quiet sector, the arrival of the 42nd Division combined with the movement of German troops from the Eastern Front to the Western Front meant that the sector was soon alive with trench raids, poison gas, and shelling. (32:47)

In Forty-Seven Days: How Pershing’s Warriors Came of Age to Defeat the German Army in World War I (NAL Caliber, 2016), National Archives historian and forensic archivist Mitchell Yockelson reappraises the American Expeditionary Force’s performance under the command of General John J. Pershing. Accordingly, the American forces’ combat experience in the September to November 1918 Meuse-Argonne Campaign is shown to be far more pivotal to Allied victory than allowed for in the standard Anglo-centric literature of the conflict. Even as Pershing’s army acquired its craft in hard fighting against an increasingly implacable and desperate German opponent, the men of the A.E.F. proved to be relentless in their efforts to clear the densely wooded and fortified forest that had resisted French efforts for the previous four years. Yockelson’s account of the campaign is even-handed and well-written, providing the foundation for an interesting conversation about the book and his own approach to writing and interpreting history from a wide range of primary and secondary sources. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In Forty-Seven Days: How Pershing’s Warriors Came of Age to Defeat the German Army in World War I (NAL Caliber, 2016), National Archives historian and forensic archivist Mitchell Yockelson reappraises the American Expeditionary Force’s performance under the command of General John J. Pershing. Accordingly, the American forces’ combat experience in the September to November 1918 Meuse-Argonne Campaign is shown to be far more pivotal to Allied victory than allowed for in the standard Anglo-centric literature of the conflict. Even as Pershing’s army acquired its craft in hard fighting against an increasingly implacable and desperate German opponent, the men of the A.E.F. proved to be relentless in their efforts to clear the densely wooded and fortified forest that had resisted French efforts for the previous four years. Yockelson’s account of the campaign is even-handed and well-written, providing the foundation for an interesting conversation about the book and his own approach to writing and interpreting history from a wide range of primary and secondary sources. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In Forty-Seven Days: How Pershing’s Warriors Came of Age to Defeat the German Army in World War I (NAL Caliber, 2016), National Archives historian and forensic archivist Mitchell Yockelson reappraises the American Expeditionary Force’s performance under the command of General John J. Pershing. Accordingly, the American forces’ combat experience in the September to November 1918 Meuse-Argonne Campaign is shown to be far more pivotal to Allied victory than allowed for in the standard Anglo-centric literature of the conflict. Even as Pershing’s army acquired its craft in hard fighting against an increasingly implacable and desperate German opponent, the men of the A.E.F. proved to be relentless in their efforts to clear the densely wooded and fortified forest that had resisted French efforts for the previous four years. Yockelson’s account of the campaign is even-handed and well-written, providing the foundation for an interesting conversation about the book and his own approach to writing and interpreting history from a wide range of primary and secondary sources. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In Forty-Seven Days: How Pershing’s Warriors Came of Age to Defeat the German Army in World War I (NAL Caliber, 2016), National Archives historian and forensic archivist Mitchell Yockelson reappraises the American Expeditionary Force’s performance under the command of General John J. Pershing. Accordingly, the American forces’ combat experience in the September to November 1918 Meuse-Argonne Campaign is shown to be far more pivotal to Allied victory than allowed for in the standard Anglo-centric literature of the conflict. Even as Pershing’s army acquired its craft in hard fighting against an increasingly implacable and desperate German opponent, the men of the A.E.F. proved to be relentless in their efforts to clear the densely wooded and fortified forest that had resisted French efforts for the previous four years. Yockelson’s account of the campaign is even-handed and well-written, providing the foundation for an interesting conversation about the book and his own approach to writing and interpreting history from a wide range of primary and secondary sources. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

As the commander of the American Expeditionary Forces during World War I, John J. Pershing served as a mentor to a generation of generals who later led the United States to victory in World War II. Some of these young officers included: Douglas MacArthur, George C. Marshall, Dwight D. Eisenhower, Omar N. Bradley, and George S. Patton. In 2013, U.S. Army Major Andrew Forney sat down with the Memorial's staff to talk about Pershing's life and legacy. At the time of the interview, Major Forney was serving as an instructor in American History at the United States Military Academy at West Point.

What do hot dogs and General John J. Pershing have in common? This week we discuss the home front experience of German-Americans during World War I and what it has in common with internment of Americans during World War II. Thank You for your continued support. You can also find exclusive content on the show's youtube page: http://www.youtube.com/channel/UCYjULbrvVepZ04KaeyxjMyA Further you can leave comments on our Itunes page: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/history-with-james-ipod/id373747636?mt=2

Situated on Hempstead Plain in Long Island, New York, Camp Mills was the primary training ground of the 42nd Rainbow Division. The camp was swiftly constructed in the summer of 1917 and soon 27,000 men and 991 officers of the Rainbow Division began arriving at the camp to begin preparing for the war in Europe. General John J. Pershing was already leading the American Expeditionary Force in France, and the war was not going well. It was clear that the only thing that would turn the tide of the war was more men – and fast. Pershing informed the war department that places like Camp Mills should focus on turning out physically fit men who could shoot. As a result, Colonel Douglas MacArthur, Chief of Staff of the 42nd Division, later noted that “no frills and fancy gadgets were employed” at Camp Mills. The training was difficult and often boring for many of the men, but in the end, Camp Mills was the anvil on which the 42nd Rainbow Division was forged.

Virginia Military Institute and Lexington, Virginia (1897-1901), Influences on later life, Home life, Reading, First trip to Washington, D.C. General John J. Pershing

Virginia Military Institute and Lexington, Virginia (1897-1901), Influences on later life, Home life, Reading, First trip to Washington, D.C. General John J. Pershing