Podcast appearances and mentions of Dan Carlin

Last time we spoke about the beginning of the Pacific War. In late 1941, the Second Battle of Changsha ended with Chinese forces claiming victory despite suffering nearly 100,000 casualties against roughly 1,670 Japanese losses. Chiang Kai-shek's government launched an aggressive propaganda campaign, flooding international press with fabricated triumph narratives to sustain national morale. Behind closed doors, Chiang was furious at his generals' tactical failures, executing commanders and dismantling units. Meanwhile, geopolitical forces threatened China's survival. Japan's 1939 defeat at Nomonhan crushed hopes for a Soviet alliance against Tokyo. Germany's pact with the Soviet Union left China isolated, while Western powers remained reluctant to commit meaningful support. Britain offered little; the US provided only modest loans. By 1941, facing potential collapse, Chiang desperately searched for allies while Wang Jingwei's Japanese-backed rival government beckoned as an alternative. China's exhausted people endured horror—including a 1941 bombing massacre in Chongqing that killed over 400 trapped civilians. Then Japan unleashed a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor.   #215 An Implosion in the East Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War.   In the early morning of December 7, 1941, the US Pacific Fleet was anchored at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. Two waves of Japanese bomber aircraft, launched from six aircraft carriers, attacked the vessels and their sleeping crews, destroying the battleship Arizona outright and damaging seventeen others, as well as most of the military aircraft parked nearby. Some 2,400 Americans died, and another 1,100 were wounded. Within a day Japanese invasion forces had attacked Siam, Malaya, and the Philippines. Chiang Kai-shek heard the news at one o'clock in the morning and immediately dictated a letter of support to President Roosevelt, pledging commitment to a new "common battle." The news reached Zhou Fohai in Shanghai as well. On December 8 across the international date line from Hawaii he had heard the sounds of firing as the Japanese took over the rest of the city, and then received reports that Japan had declared war on the Western powers. "I heard they'd bombed Honolulu, Manila, Singapore, and Hong Kong. From now on, the Pacific becomes a killing ground."   When Japanese carrier planes descended on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, they were executing far more than a tactical strike. They were unleashing the culmination of a strategic vision that had shaped Japanese military planning since the 1920s: the Nanshin-ron, or "Southern Advance" doctrine.    The Nanshin-ron represented a critical strategic choice that emerged from internal Japanese debates during the 1920s and 1930s. Japan faced an inescapable vulnerability: it was an island nation with virtually no natural resources of its own. The nation's population had doubled since the Meiji Restoration, growing to over 70 million by 1941. An industrial economy of tremendous sophistication, capable of producing world-class warships, aircraft, and military equipment, depended entirely on imported raw materials. Oil, rubber, tin, iron ore, bauxite, copper, and manganese all had to be acquired through foreign trade or conquest. This resource dependency was not a luxury problem; it was an existential one. A nation that could not feed itself or fuel its economy was a nation vulnerable to strangulation by enemies who controlled the resources it needed. Japanese strategic thinkers divided into two camps on how to resolve this vulnerability. The Hokushin-ron advocates, primarily within the Army, pushed for expansion northward into Siberia and Mongolia, seeking to conquer Soviet territory and resources. The Soviet Union possessed vast tracts of land, mineral wealth, timber, and agricultural output. From a purely materialist perspective, the Northern Advance made geographic sense—it was contiguous with Manchuria, which Japan had already secured in 1931. Yet by the late 1930s, the Hokushin-ron strategy had suffered a catastrophic blow. In 1938 and 1939, Japanese and Soviet forces clashed at Khalkhin Gol in Mongolia in what the Japanese called the Nomonhan Incident. The battles revealed a terrifying truth: the Soviet Red Army, under General Georgy Zhukov, was far more formidable than Japanese military planners had anticipated. Soviet armor, air power, and coordinated tactics annihilated Japanese forces. Japan suffered over 60,000 casualties while inflicting perhaps 10,000 on the Soviets. The defeat was concealed from the Japanese public, but it was unmistakable to military planners. A direct clash with Soviet power could end catastrophically. The Northern Advance, it became clear, would almost certainly provoke war with a nation capable of destroying the Japanese Army. This strategic defeat tilted the balance decisively toward the Nanshin-ron. If Japan could not safely expand northward, it must expand southward, toward Southeast Asia, the Dutch East Indies, Indochina, and the western Pacific. The appeal of the Nanshin-ron was immediately apparent to the Navy, which had always been more oriented toward maritime commerce and expansion across the ocean. The territories to the south were not militarily formidable. The colonial powers, Britain, the Netherlands, France, were either already defeated in 1940 or distracted by their own desperate struggles leaving Britain fighting alone against Germany. The United States, though potentially a formidable adversary, was not yet at war, and there was a chance, however slender, that a decisive blow against American naval power might convince America to negotiate rather than fight. But beyond strategic opportunity, the Nanshin-ron offered something that the Hokushin-ron did not: it offered resources of staggering abundance. The Dutch East Indies possessed oil reserves that could dwarf Japan's consumption for years. Malaya produced the world's rubber. Thailand offered agricultural bounty and geographic position. Burma's timber and agricultural products could feed Japan's growing empire. The Philippines possessed harbors, airfields, and economic output. These were not marginal additions to Japan's economy—they were transformative. Together, they would convert Japan from a resource-hungry island nation into the master of an imperial domain encompassing hundreds of millions of people and containing most of the strategic materials necessary for sustained industrial warfare. In the last episode I explained the western sanctions and embargoes that drained Japan's military of the resources they required to continue the China War. By 1941, Japan faced a civilization crisis. Japan imported roughly 90 percent of its petroleum, and the bulk of that came from the Dutch East Indies and the United States. Suddenly, the American supply was cut off entirely. Reserves would last perhaps 18 months if Japan's military and industrial consumption continued at existing rates. After that, the military machine would sputter and die. The industrial economy would collapse. Even civilian life would become impossible to sustain. Japan was facing not merely economic inconvenience but literal strangulation by the Western powers.   Yet it would be a mistake to reduce Japanese motivation to just materialism. Japanese military leaders wrapped their conquests in an ideological framework, one that many of them genuinely believed, or wanted to believe, served a higher historical purpose. The concept of the Daitoa Kyoeiken, the "Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere," posited a new regional order in which Japan would play the leading role in liberating Asian peoples from Western colonial domination and creating an Asian-centered political and economic system. This ideology drew on genuine anti-colonial sentiment. For a century, Western powers had dominated Asia, treating Asian peoples and nations as subordinate, colonized territories existing to serve Western economic interests. Japan, which had modernized and Westernized enough to avoid colonization, saw itself as the natural leader of an Asian renaissance—a civilizing force that would restore Asian dignity and independence even as it established Japanese hegemony. Of course, this was propagandistic. Japanese conquest represented a substitution of one imperial master for another, and often a harsher and more brutal one at that. But for understanding Japanese decision-making, the ideology mattered profoundly. It provided Japanese leaders with a moral narrative for conquest. It allowed them to understand themselves as liberators rather than mere conquerors. It provided a rationale for extracting resources from occupied territories and for mobilizing subject populations to support the Japanese war effort. And it resonated with anti-Western sentiment throughout Asia, making Japanese occupation seem, in some quarters, preferable to continued Western colonial rule. The slogan Hakko ichiu—"eight corners under one roof", captured this ideological vision: a unified Asia and eventually world under Japanese guidance. Whether Japanese leaders truly believed this vision or cynically deployed it as propaganda, it shaped how they understood their actions and justified them to their subjects. Now I know this is a podcast dedicated to the century of humiliation, ie: China's experience. But I thought it was necessary just to have one episode explain what Dan Carlin titled "a supernova in the east" and I have titled an implosion in the east. I won't go into depth into the campaigns as some of them have a lot of Chinese involvement and we will be covering them in depth, but rather I will explain the rationale for Japan's numerous invasions following the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor.   Japan's assault on Malaya began within hours of the Pearl Harbor attack, indeed, Japanese troops were already landing on the Kota Bharu beachhead on the Malaysian peninsula before dawn on December 8, 1941 local time. Malaya was one of the world's largest rubber producers, and Singapore, at the tip of the peninsula, was the linchpin of British naval power in the Far East.The Japanese interest in Malaya was straightforward but crucial: rubber. The Japanese military consumed vast quantities of rubber for tires, gaskets, hoses, and countless other applications. American and Dutch rubber supplies were now cut off by embargo. Malaya's rubber plantations represented perhaps the world's richest reservoir of this strategic material. Beyond rubber, Malaya and the surrounding region were major tin producers—essential for alloys and manufacturing. For Japan to conduct prolonged warfare, Malaya was not a luxury target; it was a necessity. Singapore represented something different: a symbol of Western power in Asia and a strategic chokepoint. As the major British naval base in the region, Singapore served as the anchor of British imperial authority across the South China Sea. By seizing Singapore, Japan would not only capture crucial resources and port facilities but would also deliver a psychological blow to the entire edifice of Western dominance in Asia. The fortress city that the British considered nearly impregnable fell within seventy days, a stunning demonstration of Japanese military capability and the vulnerability of overextended Western empires. If Malaya was critical for rubber, the Dutch East Indies was essential for oil. The region, comprising present-day Indonesia, was the world's third-largest oil producer and had reserves that could sustain Japanese military operations for years. This was the jewel of the resource-conquest strategy. Japanese planners had long eyed the East Indies, but direct conquest had seemed risky while Britain and America remained neutral or opposed. With both now at war, the window of opportunity had opened. Japan needed the oil so desperately that when the Dutch East Indies Petroleum Company initially agreed to some Japanese oil purchases before the war, Tokyo was already planning its takeover. The conquest of the Dutch East Indies would provide not just oil but also tin, nickel, bauxite, and other materials essential to an industrial war machine. The islands would also provide air and naval bases from which Japan could defend its new empire and potentially threaten Australia. The Japanese invasion of the Dutch East Indies, which began in late December 1941 and accelerated through January and February 1942, was methodical and comprehensive. Various island groups were targeted systematically: Java, Borneo, Celebes, and the Moluccas. Dutch military forces, though brave, were overwhelmed. By March 1942, Japan had secured the entire archipelago,a stunning logistical and military achievement that delivered vast resources into Japanese hands. Thailand presented a fundamentally different case from Japan's other targets. Rather than conquest, Japan pursued alliance with military strongman Plaek Phibunsongkhram, who had seized power in a 1938 coup as a nationalist ideologue determined to reassert Thai sovereignty and recover territory lost to French colonialism in the nineteenth century. Thailand was the last independent state in mainland Southeast Asia, hemmed in by British-controlled Burma and Malaya to the west, and French Indochina to the east. For a century, Thailand had survived by playing European imperial powers against each other. But by the late 1930s, this strategy was becoming obsolete. Europe was distracted by Hitler's Germany. Colonial powers were weakening. Japanese power was visibly ascending. Phibunsongkhram recognized both danger and opportunity. He could resist Japan and invite invasion, or he could ally with Japan and profit from rising Asian power. Japanese diplomats approached Thailand with sophistication: they offered military alliance and support for Thai territorial expansion at French expense. This addressed Thailand's deepest national wound, the humiliation of nineteenth-century territorial losses to France. The Franco-Thai War of 1940-1941 became transformative. With Japan providing military support, advisors, tanks, aircraft, Thai forces defeated the French for the first time in history. By May 1941, Thailand had recovered 54,000 square kilometers of Cambodian territory and portions of Laos. For Phibunsongkhram, this was extraordinary: he had achieved what Thai leaders could not in a century, reclaiming territory from a Western imperial power. Domestically, his position was dramatically strengthened. The parallel to China's century of humiliation—the foundation of your podcast is striking: Thailand too was reversing colonial diminishment through association with rising Asian power. The Thai-Japanese relationship was unique. Unlike the Philippines, Malaya, or the Dutch East Indies, Thailand would retain nominal independence. Phibunsongkhram remained in power. Japanese occupation was light. Thai forces maintained their own command structure. Most importantly, Thailand's territorial gains from the Franco-Thai War were recognized and secured. Japan valued Thai cooperation more than conquest. Burma, controlled by the British, was the next target in Japan's southwestward advance. Japanese planners had multiple motivations for invading Burma. First, it was strategically positioned on India's eastern frontier, and Japan harbored ambitions of eventually striking toward India and linking up with Germany in the Middle East or at least destabilizing the British position in South Asia. Second, Burma was a significant producer of timber and agricultural products. Third, and perhaps most importantly, the invasion of Burma was meant to cut the Burma Road, the crucial supply line that allowed American aid to reach Nationalist China. The invasion of Burma began in late 1941 and accelerated through early 1942.  The invasion of the Philippines, which began on December 10, 1941, just days after Pearl Harbor, served multiple strategic purposes. Like the assault on Pearl Harbor itself, it was meant to neutralize American military power in the region, in this case, the American garrison under General Douglas MacArthur and the American colonial administration. But the Philippines were also valuable in their own right. The islands sat directly in the path of what Japan envisioned as its defensive perimeter. By controlling the Philippines, Japan would make it extraordinarily difficult for American forces to project power westward into Southeast Asia. The territory would provide naval and air bases critical to defending Japan's new empire. Additionally, the Philippines possessed some agricultural and industrial resources valuable to the war effort, and their conquest delivered a psychological victory, defeating American forces and ending American colonial rule in Asia, which appealed to anti-Western sentiment that Japan tried to cultivate. Beyond Southeast Asia and the Philippines, Japan rapidly invaded Guam and Wake island to extend Japan's defensive perimeter further into the Pacific and eliminate American air and naval bases that could threaten Japanese operations. Guam, seized on December 10, 1941, fell within two days, the American garrison was small and the island's strategic value lay primarily in denying the United States a forward staging ground for any counteroffensive. Wake Island, attacked the same day and finally captured on December 23 after a brief but heroic American defense, served similar purposes: cutting off American reconnaissance and interdicting potential supply lines to the Philippines.  Now I believe that's enough of the implosion in the east, let's get back to the situation in China. After Chiang Kai-shek sent his letter of support to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, pledging Chinese commitment to what he termed a new "common battle." he did something most revealing about his mood towards the global war. He played "Ave Maria" on his gramophone, celebrating with an almost spiritual gratitude the implications of what had just transpired in the American Pacific. This moment crystallized the profound difference Pearl Harbor would mean to different members of the emerging Allied coalition. For the United States, the attack was pure shock, a violation of the sanctity of American soil and the complacency of American isolationism. For Britain, it was like the pricking of a large, painful blister—painful but perhaps not entirely unexpected given Japan's regional ambitions. But for China, the relief that surged through the government and the consciousness of the Chinese people surpassed even Britain's response. For four long years, China had fought Japan almost alone, watching as Western nations remained neutral or limited their commitment to rhetorical support and modest material assistance. Now, suddenly, the trajectory of the entire conflict had shifted with breathtaking speed. Chiang's emotional state at this moment could scarcely be contained, and those close to him understood that beneath his carefully maintained Confucian composure burned an intoxicating sensation of vindication. These Western powers who had been so impatient with Chinese strategy, who had mocked the retreats of the Nationalist Army and spoken scornfully of Japanese capabilities, were now themselves in headlong retreat from those very islanders. In Hong Kong, Singapore, and Manila, British and American forces would be fighting desperately for their lives against the Japanese military that China had been contending with for years. Chiang could not have failed to perceive the irony: the Japanese had conquered vast stretches of China through relentless campaigns, yet Westerners had dismissed Chinese resistance as inadequate. Now the Japanese were proving that they posed a formidable challenge to Western military power as well. There was a bitter satisfaction in this vindication, even as Chiang understood that the strategic implications of American entry far outweighed any emotional satisfaction. What was pragmatic and strategically clear to Chiang, however, was far more important than any emotional satisfaction. The United States was now at war, and it was on China's side. This represented the transformation for which Chiang had labored for years, bringing the full weight of American industrial capacity and military might to bear against the Japanese enemy. The diplomatic foundations for this alliance had already been laid in the months preceding Pearl Harbor. Beginning in the spring of 1941, the United States had begun to commit significant resources to supporting China. In April 1941, following the conclusion of the Soviet-Japanese neutrality agreement, which had devastated Chinese morale by suggesting that Japan might attack the Soviet Union rather than move southward, the Roosevelt administration had determined to provide $45 million worth of militarily useful commodities to China as an immediate gesture of support. Then, on May 6, 1941, President Roosevelt had made a more formal commitment by announcing that the munitions provisions of the Lend-Lease Act applied to China, declaring a phrase that captured the strategic logic of American assistance: "defending China is the key to defending America." This declaration represented a significant shift in American policy, elevating China from a regional concern to a central element of American grand strategy in Asia. Subsequently, in July 1941, Roosevelt had sent Owen Lattimore to China to serve as political adviser to the Chinese government, a position that signaled deepening American engagement with Chinese affairs. In August, the administration appointed John Magruder as military attaché and head of the American Military Mission to China (AMMISCA), with the primary responsibility of overseeing the delivery of Lend-Lease material to the Chinese armed forces. On the diplomatic front, Chiang moved with remarkable alacrity. He had already severed relations with Germany on July 2, 1941, the very day after Hitler had formally recognized the Wang Jingwei puppet government in an attempt to appease Japan and encourage it to finally implement the Southern Advance. Now, on December 8, 1941, just one day after the Pearl Harbor attack, Chiang took the decisive step of formally declaring war against the Axis powers, Germany, Italy, and Japan. This declaration transformed China's position from a beleaguered nation fighting a war of survival into a formal member of the Allied coalition. Chiang had seized the opportunity that Pearl Harbor presented to ally China with a genuinely strong power against Japan, a gambit that fundamentally altered the diplomatic weight and international legitimacy of both the Chinese government and the Chinese cause. From a strategic perspective, the Japanese had committed what Chiang and others immediately recognized as a catastrophic blunder. On the operational level, Pearl Harbor was indeed a devastating tactical success, the American Pacific Fleet was crippled, and Japanese forces now enjoyed temporary naval superiority throughout much of the Pacific and Southeast Asia. Yet strategically, Pearl Harbor represented a failure of epic proportions, a miscalculation rooted in a fundamental misunderstanding of the intangibles of warfare: what motivated the Chinese people and what motivated the Americans. The Chinese had understood, through four years of brutal conflict, that warfare was about more than territorial conquest and resource acquisition. It was about will, about endurance, about the capacity to absorb punishment and continue fighting. The Japanese had learned this lesson imperfectly in China, where despite overwhelming military advantages they had been unable to force a decisive conclusion or compel Chinese surrender. The Americans would teach the Japanese this lesson even more emphatically. The attack on American sailors in Hawaii instantly galvanized the American population to prosecute an unlimited war, with Tokyo itself as the ultimate destination of American counterattack. While Americans would remember the "date that will live in infamy" primarily because of the assault on Pearl Harbor itself, the strategic consequence was that Japanese actions in Hawaii had introduced numerous new adversaries into the Pacific conflict: not only the United States, but also Britain, Australia, New Zealand, and the Netherlands. These additions transformed what had been, from the Japanese perspective, a regional conflict with manageable parameters into a global war that Japan could not possibly win through any conceivable means. What made this particularly disastrous for Japan was the context in which the new theater had been opened. Japan was already deeply mired in a quagmire in China—a "malignant quagmire," as one observer would later characterize it, that had consumed vast resources, inflicted enormous casualties, and failed to produce decisive victory. In military strategy, it is sometimes wise to open a new theater in order to attack an enemy from an additional and unexpected direction, thereby dispersing their forces and creating new challenges for them to manage. But opening a new theater that introduces an entirely new, powerful adversary, and doing so when one is already overextended in an existing theater is a prescription for strategic catastrophe. This was precisely what Japan had done at Pearl Harbor. Chiang Kai-shek understood the magnitude of Japan's miscalculation with crystalline clarity. He understood that whatever the military complexities that lay ahead, whatever the challenges of coordinating with Western allies, and whatever the limitations of Western military assistance to China might be, the fundamental equation had changed. The United States would ultimately defeat Japan. The Chinese did not need to defeat Japan by themselves; they merely needed to survive long enough for American industrial and military capacity to grind the Japanese military into defeat. In the immediate aftermath of Pearl Harbor, Chinese and American officials moved swiftly to formalize the alliance and establish the mechanisms of wartime cooperation. Roosevelt asked Chiang Kai-shek to serve as commander in chief of the Allied forces in the China theater, a designation that recognized China's central role in the Pacific War and elevated Chiang's international standing to something he had long sought: a position as an equal partner in the Allied coalition, a seat at the "top table of global decision-making" alongside Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin. To support this expanded role and to ensure effective coordination of the military effort, Roosevelt dispatched Lieutenant General Joseph W. Stilwell to China. Stilwell was not chosen randomly; he brought fifteen years of experience in China, a deep familiarity with the country, its military, and its complexities that few American officers possessed. Stilwell was appointed to serve simultaneously as the U.S. government's military representative in China, as chief of staff of the China Theater, and as commander in chief of the American forces in the China-Burma-India (CBI) theater. This appointment established the framework for joint Chinese-American military cooperation and represented an American commitment to the Asian theater that, while never receiving the resources devoted to the European theater, nonetheless signified recognition of China's strategic importance. Trust me, going forward we will be having a lot of time dedicated to the hilarious bromance / bro hatred of Vinegar Joe and Peanut.  Yet the formation of an alliance and the establishment of command structures was easier than the practical implementation of military cooperation. The fundamental challenge that would plague Chinese-American relations throughout the war emerged almost immediately: the problem of delivering military assistance to China. Before Pearl Harbor, the United States and China had reached agreement on three major points regarding military assistance. First, the United States would provide training and technical support to assist China in establishing a modern air force. Second, the United States would provide training and equipment for a ground army consisting of thirty divisions. Third, the United States would assist China in constructing railways and highways from Yunnan to Burma, along with the provision of rolling stock and vehicles to support these new transportation routes. These were ambitious plans, reflecting the extent of Chinese need and American willingness to support the Chinese war effort. However, the outbreak of the Pacific War threw American plans into disarray. The fundamental strategic doctrine guiding American policy was the "Europe first" strategy, which meant that the European theater and the defeat of Nazi Germany received priority over the Pacific theater. Additionally, China's geography made it extraordinarily difficult to supply. China could only be reached through supply lines of extraordinary length and complexity, either through the port of Rangoon in Burma and then overland via the treacherous Yunnan-Burma Road, or through the port of Hong Kong, which immediately fell into Japanese hands after Pearl Harbor. The first Sino-American loan agreement had specified that the United States would deliver commodities worth $45 million to China in 1941. However, shipping shortages meant that only $26 million worth of commodities actually left the United States. These commodities were shipped to the transit port of Rangoon, where a massive traffic jam developed as supplies accumulated faster than they could be distributed onward to China. Along the Yunnan-Burma Road, that "much-contested life line" as it came to be known, conditions were chaotic. The road had always been a source of trouble: it was long, extraordinarily difficult to keep in repair, fantastically dangerous to travel, and too narrow to permit much volume of traffic at any one time. Due to mismanagement and pilfering, the commodities that were shipped out of Burma suffered heavy losses in transit, and only one-third of them eventually arrived in Chongqing. Yet the United States had already established one valuable asset in China that could be deployed relatively quickly: an air force nucleus. Just before Pearl Harbor, a group of American aviators had been formally organized in Chongqing who worked on volunteer status for China under the command of Colonel Claire Chennault, an American aviation officer who served as instructor at the Chinese Air Force Cadet School. Some of these men had been flying in China since the Kuomintang first began purchasing American aircraft, having come to demonstrate the aircraft and remaining to pilot and teach. Others had hurried to China after being released from their volunteer service in Spain, where they had gained combat experience during the Spanish Civil War. It was a familiar joke that pilots from both sides of the Spanish conflict were likely to meet and work side by side in China, but political convictions proved immaterial to these professional aviators, they got on well enough with each other, mercenaries of the twentieth century united by their expertise and their willingness to fight. When American traffic on the Burma Road swelled in volume and became chaotic, with cargo lost to pilfering and trucks breaking down from mishandling, the air freight service into Chongqing became increasingly vital to maintaining Chinese military capabilities. The backbone of this organization was American, and it had been in operation for months before the Japanese attack. Halfway down the Burma Road, over the border in Burma, was a plane factory backed by American and Chinese capital, providing some degree of repair and maintenance capacity for the aircraft operating out of China. Recognizing the strategic value of these experienced aviators and the need to formalize and expand their operations, American and Chinese officials moved quickly to incorporate this volunteer group, formally known as the American Volunteer Group or "Flying Tigers," into the U.S. Army Air Force. This transformation of volunteer aviators into official American military personnel represented a commitment to providing air support to Chinese operations, recognizing that air power could compensate to some degree for Chinese numerical disadvantages in ground combat. In Chongqing, it was clear that among the United Nations fighting Japan, America was the only one taking China seriously, the only one prepared to invest significant resources in Chinese military capabilities and the Chinese war effort. Yet Pearl Harbor brought consequences that extended far beyond the strategic and diplomatic spheres. For Western civilians living in China,missionaries, teachers, doctors, businessmen, and journalists, the attack represented a catastrophic change in their status and their fate. Until December 8, 1941, Westerners residing in China had maintained a curious protected status as foreign neutrals, even in areas nominally controlled by the Japanese. This status had provided them with a measure of distance from, and protection against, the grinding reality of the war that had devastated Chinese populations. For a century, Americans had been part of an imperial presence in China, sometimes benevolent, sometimes violent, but always ultimately under Western control. That world came to an abrupt end on December 8, 1941. All across eastern China, Americans and Britons were rounded up and interned. The International Settlement of Shanghai—that remarkable oasis of neutrality that had persisted in the midst of a war-torn city—was now reunified under Japanese control. Thousands of foreigners with Allied nationality were sent to holding camps scattered throughout occupied China. Some, like the eleven-year-old British boy Jim Ballard, would remain imprisoned for the remainder of the war, enduring hunger, cold, and disease in camps like Longhua, which housed approximately 2,000 detainees. Forty years later, as the novelist J. G. Ballard, he would memorialized this experience in his semi-autobiographical novel Empire of the Sun. For missionaries like Velva Brown, the evacuation process was degrading and final. The missionary staff were permitted to pack no more than three suitcases with their belongings. As they prepared to leave, Japanese and Taiwanese "sightseeing" parties arrived to decide which houses they might want to occupy. The journey home aboard crowded Japanese ships offered no concessions to status or dignity; ambassadors, consuls, merchants, and missionaries alike were given "bed-sized strips of Chinese matting which we spread side by side on the iron floor of the hold," as Brown recorded. The humiliation was compounded by the finality of it all. For many, their decades-long presence in China was ending not in orderly retreat but in hasty evacuation, leaving behind "servants, many of whom had been with us for fifteen or twenty years." Despite these immediate human tragedies, the strategic transformation that Pearl Harbor wrought for China was undeniable. Chiang Kai-shek now embarked on an entirely new sort of life, heavily involved with the leaders and generals of the Western powers. He held diplomatic discussions with the leaders of the United Nations and military planning sessions with Western generals. In these unfamiliar circumstances, he did his best to live up to the Confucian ideal of the gentleman, seldom permitting the mask to slip—though the pressure of these new responsibilities and the intoxicating combination of vindication and anxiety would occasionally prove too much even for his considerable self-control. Within weeks of Pearl Harbor, Chiang demonstrated the value he could bring to the new alliance. He visited India and spoke with the leaders of the Indian independence struggle as an ally and friend, as a fellow non-European speaking to others seeking to escape from colonialism and imperial domination. He joined the Allies in their first joint campaign, not in China but in the jungles of neighboring Burma, committing Chinese forces to operations outside China's borders in support of the broader Allied military strategy. Yet the price that Chiang would pay for China's belated entry into the global alliance against the Axis powers would prove to be a heavy one. Chiang desperately needed his new American and British partners, but accepting this alliance would unleash forces within Chinese society that would threaten the very basis of his political control. The complexities of this bargain would become most visible in the four-year struggle between Chiang and General Joseph Warren Stilwell, the American officer who would become simultaneously his chief of staff and the administrator of American military assistance to China. This relationship, shaped by mutual suspicion, different strategic visions, and incompatible political agendas, would define Chinese-American military cooperation during the Pacific War and would have profound implications extending far beyond the battlefields of Asia. I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. Pearl Harbor's shock reverberated through Asia. Japan's assault on Hawaii, combined with invasions of Burma, the Philippines, Guam, and Wake Island, inadvertently transformed regional conflict into global war. Chiang Kai-shek, vindicated after four years of isolation fighting Japan, embraced American alliance with profound relief. The U.S. committed military aid, appointed General Stilwell as chief of staff, and recognized China as a co-belligerent. For Chiang, this partnership brought diplomatic status but also internal tensions that would define the Pacific War's final chapter.

Dan Carlin's Hardcore History: Read the notes at at podcastnotes.org. Don't forget to subscribe for free to our newsletter, the top 10 ideas of the week, every Monday --------- Is it safe to hand control of the deadliest army in the world to a 20-year old? If you are Thracian, Triballian, Illyrian or Theban, the answer is definitely no. Alexander becomes king and fights off threats to his rule in all directions.

In Episode 680 of the New Media Show, host Rob Greenlee welcomes Steven Goldstein, founder and CEO of Amplifi Media, for a timely, future-leaning discussion. We have entered the Liquid Content Era. A podcast conversation can now become an audio episode, full-length YouTube video, Spotify video, Apple Podcasts video, vertical clips, social posts, articles, newsletters, searchable transcripts, and potentially AI-discovered answers. The underlying content may be the same, but the way people encounter and consume it varies by platform. That creates an enormous opportunity for creators. It also creates a measurement problem. Podcasting built much of its advertising business around the download. That metric helped turn an emerging medium into a legitimate advertising marketplace, but Steven argues that it no longer adequately represents how audiences consume modern shows. Downloads were created in an era when bandwidth was limited and podcast applications often downloaded episodes to devices before the listener played them. Today, streaming is increasingly immediate, video consumption is growing, audiences move between devices, and clips can sometimes reach more people than the original episode. The question is no longer simply:  How many times was the podcast downloaded? The better question may be: How many people actually listened to, watched, encountered the advertising, and engaged with the creator's content across the entire media ecosystem? Why advertisers need this change. Large brands already buy television, web, streaming video, social, and other digital media through dashboards that provide comparable impression-based reporting. Podcasting remains fragmented across RSS analytics, platform dashboards, YouTube views, Spotify data, and different definitions of what constitutes meaningful exposure. That fragmentation makes podcast media harder to buy at scale. Steven explains that advertisers do not want separate teams manually reconciling podcast audio, video, clips, and platform metrics. If podcasting wants to attract substantially more advertising investment, it needs to fit more easily into the systems marketers already use. That leads into one of the episode’s central topics: the AMP Accords. The Alliance for Measurement in Podcasting was formed to address three persistent problems: Defining a podcast Standardizing exposure metrics across platforms Creating a more consistent way to evaluate advertising effectiveness. The AMP Accords describe their goal as establishing cross-platform measurement standards spanning open RSS and closed platforms. One of the biggest proposed shifts is moving toward a 30-second play as a standardized exposure metric across audio and video. Steven is less concerned about whether 30 seconds ultimately proves to be the perfect number than he is about establishing a common starting point. Media measurement has always evolved. Steven draws on his experience in radio, where audience measurement moved from handwritten listening diaries to electronic Portable People Meters. The change was disruptive. Some formats gained audience under the new methodology, and others lost it. But advertisers demanded better information, and the industry eventually adapted. Podcasting is facing a similar moment. The industry should not allow the pursuit of a perfect measurement system to delay the adoption of a more useful one. The AMP framework also addresses advertising impressions and audience measurement. That matters because an advertiser ultimately wants to know whether someone actually received an advertising message, not simply whether a media file was automatically delivered to a device. Rob and Steven discuss the tension this creates for established podcast measurement. Some publishers remain strongly committed to the download because it has provided consistency and an open measurement methodology for many years. Steven gives the download credit for helping build the podcast advertising business but believes the medium now needs to move forward. The shift becomes even more important when video enters the equation. YouTube has become a major podcast-consumption platform with sophisticated analytics on views, watch time, audience behavior, retention, and discovery. Spotify has added video. Apple is expanding its video capabilities through HLS. Meanwhile, audiences increasingly move fluidly between audio and video rather than seeing them as completely separate media products. This raises another difficult question: What exactly is a podcast now? The AMP Accords propose a broad podcast definition that encompasses audio or video and open or closed distribution, provided the program remains meaningful without requiring constant visual attention. Steven likes the basic framework but emphasizes that audiences will ultimately shape the word's meaning. People already call shows “podcasts” based on format and experience rather than on technical infrastructure. Most listeners do not know whether a show uses RSS feeds, direct platform uploads, streaming video, or another delivery method. Rob raises a concern about defining podcasting too strongly through an audio lens. If a video must always function perfectly with the viewer's eyes closed, does that discourage creators from investing in richer visual storytelling? That question becomes increasingly important as video production matures. A modern video podcast can include visual demonstrations, graphics, archival material, set design, screen sharing, camera movement, and other elements that provide additional value to the viewer. Rob argues that creators should retain the freedom to build excellent audio and excellent video experiences, even when the two versions are not identical. The discussion then moves to another major part of liquid content: short-form video. Shorts or Clips were initially treated primarily as promotional tools designed to push people toward the full episode. That assumption is changing. Some audience members may never consume the full show. They may know a creator entirely through Shorts, Reels, TikTok, or other excerpts. Steven describes this as both an opportunity and a potential problem. If a creator publishes the four best moments from an hour-long conversation, some viewers may decide those clips provide everything they wanted from the episode. That means short-form may represent a separate audience, not simply a funnel into long-form media. At the same time, social clips have become an increasingly important discovery mechanism. Creators cannot simply ignore the places where audiences spend their time. That is the essence of liquid content: the audience determines where and how the media gets consumed. Artificial intelligence adds another layer. Steven believes creators should increasingly think beyond traditional SEO, Search Engine Optimization, toward AEO, Answer Engine Optimization. AI systems are increasingly becoming discovery engines themselves. Instead of searching through a list of websites or podcast episodes, a user may ask an AI system a specific question and receive a direct answer assembled from available sources. That shift could be especially valuable for niche creators. A podcast with deep authority in a narrow subject may become an important source of AI-generated answers if its content is well-structured, transcribed, accessible, and clearly associated with expertise in that category. Rob expands the discussion into recommendation systems. YouTube already uses AI extensively to determine which content should be presented to which audience. Similar systems will increasingly influence discovery throughout digital media. That creates a harder competitive environment. Steven argues that mediocre content will be crushed. As audiences face effectively unlimited choices and algorithms become better at filtering those choices, simply producing acceptable content may no longer be enough. Shows need differentiation, relevance, expertise, strong personalities, or storytelling that holds attention. That does not mean every successful podcast needs millions of listeners. Steven points to niche podcasts serving highly specific professional communities. A show about HVAC systems may never become a mainstream entertainment hit, but it can still become an extremely valuable business if it reaches the right technicians, manufacturers, buyers, and industry decision-makers. Influence within a valuable niche can matter more than raw audience scale. The conversation closes by examining the tension between short-form and long-form media. Consumers are time-starved. Summaries, clips, AI-generated takeaways, and compressed content are becoming increasingly useful. Yet long-form is not disappearing. Joe Rogan, Acquired, Dan Carlin, and other successful long-form creators demonstrate that audiences will still spend hours with content when the storytelling, expertise, personality, or subject deserves the investment. The real challenge is earning the audience's time. In the Liquid Content Era, creators are no longer simply publishing episodes. They are building adaptable media assets that can move across platforms, formats, screens, algorithms, and audiences. The measurement systems now need to catch up. Topics Covered in This Episode: -What Steven Goldstein means by the Liquid Content Era -Why one piece of content now becomes many media products -Why the podcast download is becoming less representative of consumption -What podcasting can learn from radio and television measurement -Why advertisers need unified cross-platform metrics -The AMP Accords and the future of podcast measurement -The proposed 30-second play standard -Plays, audience, ad impressions, and ad audience -Audio versus video measurement -Apple HLS, YouTube, Spotify, and platform competition -Why the definition of a podcast continues to evolve -Whether video podcasts need to work with the viewer's eyes closed -The difference between clipping content and creating for vertical video -Why clips may represent a separate audience -AI and Answer Engine Optimization -How algorithms increasingly control media discovery -Why mediocre content faces greater pressure -High-value niche content versus mass audience scale -What it takes to create a hit today -Why long-form content can still win Chapter Time Stamp Markers 00:00 Welcome to The New Media Show Episode 680 00:36 The Liquid Content Era needs new measurement 01:10 Introducing Steven Goldstein of Amplifi Media 02:07 Why media has entered the Liquid Content Era 03:18 The New York Times as a liquid content example 04:41 Podcasting moves from audio into multimedia 05:29 Video was always part of podcasting 06:22 Why the download originally made sense 07:13 Streaming changes how podcast consumption is measured 08:08 What podcasting can learn from radio measurement 09:11 From listening diaries to electronic measurement 10:00 Why advertisers need podcasting inside their dashboards 11:05 Audio and video buying remain separated at agencies 12:06 How television moved toward impression-based measurement 13:13 Short-form video enters the podcast media mix 14:12 Introducing the AMP Accords 15:08 What the AMP Accords propose 17:03 What AMP got right and what could go wrong 18:41 Why 30 seconds is a starting point, not the final answer 20:06 Moving beyond the download 21:23 Downloads do not always equal actual listening 22:03 The IAB and industry resistance to changing measurement 23:20 Some shows will gain, and others will lose under better metrics 24:18 Why Steven believes the download cannot be the future 25:11 Consumer behavior is forcing podcasting to change 26:02 Vertical video becomes a major media business 27:01 Can YouTube, Spotify, and Apple align around new metrics? 29:16 Comparing 30-second and 60-second exposure 31:07 Plays, audience, ad impressions, and advertiser needs 32:16 Why advertisers dislike hidden podcast audience numbers 33:07 Measurement matters differently for niche podcasts 34:19 How audiences move between audio and video 36:05 Should audio and video come from the same media file? 37:02 Why measurement does not need to be perfect to improve 38:16 Liquid content keeps expanding into new formats 39:14 What qualifies as a podcast now? 40:02 The audience may ultimately define podcasting 41:35 Does “eyes closed” unfairly prioritize audio? 43:05 Could the new definition weaken video creativity? 44:31 Separate audio and video podcast experiences 46:07 Vertical video versus automatically generated clips 46:52 Are clips replacing the full episode? 48:04 Short-form audiences may be entirely different 49:00 AI enters the Liquid Content Era 49:28 SEO shifts toward Answer Engine Optimization 50:27 AI becomes the first layer of media discovery 51:13 Algorithms judge what audiences see 53:04 Why mediocre content will be crushed 54:02 What qualifies as quality content? 55:04 Niche media does not need mass scale 57:07 How specialized podcasts can build valuable businesses 58:38 Why podcast creation remains flat despite creator growth 1:00:16 Creators no longer need traditional media gatekeepers 1:01:21 What the COVID podcast boom taught the industry 1:02:27 High-value content and why hits are hard 1:03:05 Differentiation as the foundation of a successful show 1:05:05 What television can teach podcasters about format innovation 1:06:22 Why creators compete for increasingly limited audience time 1:07:34 Short-form versus long-form content 1:08:22 Why people increasingly use AI to summarize long content 1:09:08 Joe Rogan, Acquired, and why long-form still succeeds 1:10:05 Gen Z will consume long content when it earns the time 1:11:01 Structured YouTube content versus podcast conversations 1:13:00 Final thoughts on the changing New Media landscape 1:14:00 Where to find The New Media Show Guest: Steven Goldstein, Founder and CEO, Amplifi Media Amplifi Media: https://www.amplifimedia.com About Steven Goldstein: https://www.amplifimedia.com/about Steven Goldstein on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/steven-goldstein-a057b54 Amplifi Media on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/amplifi-media Steven Goldstein is founder and CEO of Amplifi Media and teaches The Business of Podcasting at NYU. His current work focuses heavily on the shift toward cross-platform audio, video, and social distribution, as well as what he describes as the Liquid Content Era. AMP Accords Alliance for Measurement in Podcasting: https://ampaccords.com The AMP Accords focus on three areas: standardizing impression metrics, developing cross-platform performance measurement, and creating a common industry definition of a podcast. Host, Rob Greenlee, and New Media Show Links New Media Show: https://newmediashow.com New Media Show on YouTube: https://youtube.com/@TheNewMediaShow New Media Show Audio on Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/new-media-show-audio/id392545649 Rob Greenlee Website: https://robgreenlee.com Rob Greenlee on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/robgreenlee Rob Greenlee on YouTube: https://youtube.com/@RobGreenlee Podcast Hall of Fame: https://podcasthall.com AI Disclosure Note: AI tools were used to create a video and audio introduction clip, episode images, help organize and edit this episode and summarize its description, and create chapter markers from the completed Episode 680 transcript. The recorded conversation, human performances, guest perspectives, editorial direction, final review, and responsibility for the published content remain with actual humans Rob Greenlee and Steven Goldstein.The post Liquid Content Era Needs New Measurement | Steven Goldstein, Amplifi Media #680 first appeared on New Media Show.

Dan Carlin's Hardcore History: Read the notes at at podcastnotes.org. Don't forget to subscribe for free to our newsletter, the top 10 ideas of the week, every Monday --------- What's the recipe for making a historically world-class apex predator? In the case of Alexander the Great, it might be the three Ns: Nature, Nurture, and Nepotism.

Great to sit down and talk harness racing with Dan Carlin in Ireland. Dan has worn many hats over the years and to find out about the history of harness racing in the UK. Vincent Delaney

FOLLOW UP: This week, it seems America believes every complicated social problem can be fixed by asking, “Have you tried turning the internet off for the children?” Meanwhile, the Electronic Frontier Foundation quietly notes that the science behind social media bans might not be as clear-cut as cable-news dads screaming about dopamine loops claim. Turns out, teen anxiety may also be linked to pandemics, school shootings, climate dread, and an economy that feels like a Fallout side quest. Meanwhile, Snap Inc. and YouTube settled another lawsuit accusing their apps of turning kids into doomscrolling goblins, Meta continues to insist social media addiction isn't real while losing money in court, and former Google CEO Eric Schmidt was booed at a graduation speech after telling graduates to hop on the AI rocket ship without asking questions — exactly what a billionaire says when he already owns the rocket.In the news, Elon Musk lost another OpenAI lawsuit because apparently even juries have limits. SpaceX's IPO revealed Musk plans to power AI with enough gas turbines to recreate 1890s London smog, and Grok officially became a disclosure liability after the whole “MechaHitler” incident. Tesla robotaxis still clip fences and occasionally require humans to remotely drive the “self-driving” cars. Trump Mobile somehow shipped a gold phone that actually works — a stunning upset — before immediately leaking customer data. LinkedIn finally admitted the platform has become an AI-generated motivational swamp filled with “it's not about X, it's about Y” sludge from people named Brayden. Spotify is handing out podcast verification badges so listeners can tell real creators from algorithmic nightmare fuel. Meta laid off thousands more workers while reportedly using employee surveillance to train AI replacements. And OpenAI is giving everyone in Malta a free year of ChatGPT Plus if they complete an AI literacy course, which honestly makes Malta sound more technologically responsible than Silicon Valley.APPS & DOODADS reflect classic Gen-X paranoia, as Backblaze highlights California's constant threat of wildfires and the idea that local backups are optimistic. YouTube introduced AI deepfake detection tools, allowing creators to finally see which scam ads are using their faces to promote crypto vitamins, while X limited free users to 50 posts a day unless they pay for a blue check — proving once again that the true free speech was the subscriptions we sold along the way. Retrocodex arrived with a strong “everything your teachers confidently told you in 1987 was wrong” vibe.MEDIA CANDY opens with the eternal cry of “FUCK THE FIRETV!!!!” before Jason taps out of Good Omens after ten minutes while Brian takes the bullet for the audience. There's also chatter about Mortal Kombat 2, The Devil Wears Prada 2, Billy Corgan talking goth history with David J, and more existential dread courtesy of Dan Carlin's Common Sense.THE DARK SIDE WITH DAVE welcomes back Dave Bittner for a Mando & Grogu review, Darth Maul, and a stunning but absurdly expensive LEGO Disneyland set. There's also a guy who built a full-size Millennium Falcon “with his wife's permission,” a fan-made Star Tours film, and the Federal Trade Commission discovering that those creepy “your phone is listening to you” ad-tech companies mainly just had PowerPoint decks and confidence. Also: mechanical keyboard simulators now exist, because apparently even fake typing has become a lifestyle brand.Sponsors:DeleteMe - Get 20% off your DeleteMe plan when you go to JoinDeleteMe.com/GOG and use promo code GOG at checkout.Shopify - Sign up for your one-dollar-per-month trial today at Shopify.com/grumpyPrivate Internet Access - Go to GOG.Show/vpn and sign up today. For a limited time only, you can get OUR favorite VPN for as little as $2.03 a month.SetApp - With a single monthly subscription you get 240+ apps for your Mac. Go to SetApp and get started today!!!1Password - Get a great deal on the only password manager recommended by Grumpy Old Geeks! gog.show/1passwordShow notes at https://gog.show/747Watch on YouTube at https://youtu.be/eX5jVfewaswFOLLOW UPThe Science is Not Settled: How Weak Evidence is Fueling a National Push to Ban Social Media for YouthSnap and YouTube have reportedly settled another major social media addiction lawsuitEx-Google CEO Eric Schmidt Fails to Read Room on AI, Gets Booed into OblivionIN THE NEWSElon Musk took too long to sue OpenAI, jury unanimously agreesSpaceX IPO Filing Reveals Nearly $3 Billion Investment in Gas Turbines for AI Data Centers‘MechaHitler' Is SpaceX's Problem NowTrump Mobile Phone Beats Expectations by Actually ExistingNew crash data highlights the slow progress of Tesla's robotaxisIf You Used Insider Knowledge to Score Big on Polymarket, You May Now Be in Huge TroubleMinnesota passes prediction markets banLinkedIn doesn't want your AI slop anymoreSpotify is launching verification badges for podcasts to help listeners avoid AI slopZuckerberg Tells the Tattered Remainder of His Workers That He Won't Conduct Another a Mass Firing for at Least Seven MonthsOpenAI is offering ChatGPT Plus to citizens of Malta for a yearMassive Crypto ATM Company Bitcoin Depot Is Shutting Down as the Whole Industry Collapses‘Smoke Weed and Earn Bitcoin' With This Vape Pen in Our Increasingly Dystopian Nightmare‘Unstoppable' Crypto Exchange Halts Trading After $10 Million TheftIran Doubles Down on Bitcoin for Ships Passing Through the Straight of HormuzTrump-Linked Crypto Company Notes 'Substantial Doubt' It Can Survive Another 12 MonthsAPPS & DOODADSBackblazeYouTube's AI deepfake detection tool is now available to all creators 18 and olderX accounts are limited to 50 posts and 200 replies a day unless they pay for a blue checkmarkRetrocodexMEDIA CANDYGood Omens Season 3 - The FinaleThe Magnificent Others with Billy Corgan - David J of Bauhaus & Love & RocketsCommon Sense 326 – The Water in Which We SwimTHE DARK SIDE WITH DAVEDave BittnerThe CyberWireHacking HumansCaveatControl LoopOnly Malware in the BuildingMaul: Shadow LordRogue One: A Star Wars StoryNot Even Baby Yoda Can Save ‘Star Wars'Colorado man creates replica Millenium FalconSomeone made a Star Tours fan film.Bring Disneyland Home With This Gorgeous New Lego Set‘Creepy' Listening Tool for Targeted Ads Didn't Actually Work, FTC SaysMechanical keyboard simSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Eric Nelson is Executive Editor at Harper and Vice President and Publisher of Broadside, HarperCollins conservative imprint. Since joining Harper in 2017, he has published thirteen New York Times #1 bestsellers. In addition to his time at HarperCollins, Penguin, and Wiley, he has worked as an academic editor, literary agent, and author, including his successful parody Oh, The Meetings You'll Go To, written under the pen name Dr. Suits. As a publisher, his client list includes Joe Scarborough, Jesse Watters, Pete Hegseth, Dan Carlin, and Chris Rufo, among others. In this episode we discuss the following: Eric gave us a powerful lens for capturing attention: most advice lives on a dial (e.g., work harder, care more), but what actually sticks is a switch, something you either do or you don't. We all know that eating less and exercising more is what matters when trying to lose weight. But it's that third thing—the concrete, measurable action like drinking celery juice—that gets people to buy the dieting book. As Eric reminded us, it's not about being provocative for its own sake—it's about being provocative and defensible. The best ideas make people think, “I always believed this… now I can prove it.” I'm excited to use the lens Eric provided that helped him start making money in his career. He switched from being a dumb smart person, to a smart dumb person. Rather than advance the conversation for 1000 people, Eric entered the conversation of a million people.

If you've ever wondered whether AI will take over motion design or replace motion designers, you're not alone. Generative AI tools can transform the industry, but perhaps not as you expect.In today's episode, we sit down with motion designer and Creative Director Billy Woodward to cut through the noise. We discuss the tools, and bigger questions around creativity, authorship, and originality, as well as what this evolving technology really means for creatives.This conversation could easily become its own series—we barely scratched the surface. But whether you're excited, concerned, or somewhere in between, Billy shares thoughtful insights from someone actively experimenting at the intersection of art and AI, and we hope you enjoy his perspective.Our podcast celebrates Motion Ideation—the raw brainstorming, early-stage thinking and lightbulb moments that shape everything before a single design or keyframe exists. Because we believe great motion design starts with one Favorite Frame™ and the fresh ideas behind it.TIMESTAMPS:0:00 – Intro1:15 – Billy Woodward's Background2:54 – Billy's Favorite Frame™7:24 – Debriefing the Creative Brief9:36 – The Billy Woodward Preproduction Ritual13:32 – Traditional vs. AI Workflow33:46 – What Makes Something Art?37:25 – The Contentions Surrounding the Use of AI40:00 – Jurassic Park: A Case Study in Technological Advancement50:30 – A Call to Arms: Make All the Stories52:15 – Billy's Advice: Pay Attention to Stories54:52 – Biggest Challenges & Rewards from This Project56:50 – Favorite Frame™ Because…CONNECT & FOLLOW:Instagram → https://www.instagram.com/styleframesat/Twitter → https://twitter.com/styleframesatFacebook → https://www.facebook.com/styleframesatLinkedIn → https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/styleframe-saturdays-podcastTODAY'S GUESTS & RESOURCESBackslider Brand, https://www.backsliderbrand.com/Rolling Stone, https://www.rollingstone.com/ESPN, https://www.rollingstone.com/Cameron Crowe, https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0001081/Generative AI, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generative_AIAND Studio, https://www.andstudio.nyc/myPrize, https://myprize.us/James Harden, https://www.nba.com/player/201935/james-hardenDisney, https://www.disney.com/Pixar, https://www.pixar.com/Tom & Jerry, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_and_JerryInvisible Ink by Brian McDonald, https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/216987401-invisible-inkRunway, https://runwayml.com/Ricky Powell, https://www.rickypowell.com/The Individualist, https://www.imdb.com/title/tt11905612/Pinterest, https://www.pinterest.com/Nano Banana 2, https://gemini.google/ca/overview/image-generation/?hl=en-CAMidjourney, https://www.midjourney.com/homeChatGPT, https://chatgpt.com/Claude, https://claude.ai/loginFreepik Tools, https://www.freepik.com/Bob Ross, https://www.bobross.com/Museum of Modern Art DC, https://americanart.si.edu/institution/museum-modern-art-6231Jurassic Park, https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0107290/The Last Star Fighter, https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0087597/Mandalorian, https://www.imdb.com/title/tt8111088/Stranger Things, https://www.imdb.com/title/tt4574334One Last Adventure: The Making of Stranger Things 5, https://www.netflix.com/title/81684720Hardcore History by Dan Carlin, https://www.dancarlin.com/hardcore-history-series/Common Sense by Dan Carlin, https://www.dancarlin.com/common-sense/*Riverside: https://riverside.fm/?utm_campaign=campaign_1&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_source=rewardful&via=styleframesatLofi Cassette by Harrison Amer (theme music licensed by Premiumbeat.com, https://www.premiumbeat.com/home)Permissions granted by the artist(s).Styleframe Saturdays is a Formerle-branded podcast, and part of the Formerle brand family.*By making a purchase through one of our affiliate links we will get a small commission at no additional cost to you. Rest assured that we would recommend these products regardless of their commission-based opportunities.

Welcome to Episode 220 of the Carpe Fide podcast, where Justin and Jesse Gruber tackle the completely normal, definitely-not-insane internet trend of deciding Hitler actually "wasn't that bad of a guy". Because dropping $100 on Dan Carlin’s Hardcore History archive was simply out of the budget, the guys instead bring on their former pastor and biblical counselor, Joe Schenke, to help them navigate the exhausting hot-button topic of the "post-war consensus". Tune in as the trio dissects the glaring irony of the "woke right"—a deeply confused demographic that vehemently rejects the concept of systemic guilt and racism, right up until it's time to blame a Jewish scapegoat for systematically controlling the entire globe. Along the way, Justin casually flexes his refusal to read Mein Kampf unless it's in the original German, Woodrow Wilson catches a completely random stray for giving us the Federal Reserve, and Joe uses Acts 2 to remind everyone that history is governed by a sovereign God, not secret ethnic cabals. If the shoe fits, wear it; if the truth hurts, bear it; and if you're suddenly getting your worldview from an angry guy on Facebook who thinks the Allied forces were the real bad guys, please just listen to this episode. LINKS Justin mentions this article in the American Reformer...and Jesse remembers to put it in the show notes Use code CARPE FIDE for 10% off your book purchase at Mud Hen Mama's main site Check out the discounted Men's and Women's bundles for our listeners at Old Forge Press We have RELAUNCHED our store! New shirts, colorways, and shipping options are YOURS for the taking (well, buying really, but you know what I'm talking about...) Head to carpefide.com/shop today to grab your new gear! Visit offgridwarehouse.com and use code CF10 for 10% off your offgrid order!! LIKE, SUBSCRIBE, REVIEW! This year we're making an effort to grow our podcast without being cringey. That said, some cringe must happen, and that's happening now. Please head over to iTunes to leave a rating and a comment, subscribe to us on YouTube, and follow us on all the socials to keep up to date, and most of all, leave us some feedback and dialogue with us. You can also drop us a line at hello@carpefide.com We love hearing from you guys!

Fantasy author Martin R. Nelson joins David Watson for a candid conversation about the brutal reality of the creative life, the deep themes in his high fantasy series "The Annals of Tessian," and the relentless struggle to get noticed in a saturated world. We dive into his new book, "The Culling of Souls," and its predecessor, "Children of the Dying Hearth," exploring the powerful ideas that fuel them. Martin breaks down how the first book is about the courage to leave your comfort zone—a theme embodied by a teenage boy who might be the heir to a lost empire, a 600-year-old elf who's still just a kid, and a noble ruler forced to get his hands dirty. The sequel, "The Culling of Souls," tackles a more internal battle: the painful but necessary act of cutting away the parts of yourself that hold you back, like a traumatic memory that no longer has to define your tomorrow. This isn't just a book talk; it's a raw look into the heart of an indie author. Martin opens up about the crushing self-doubt that comes with asking people to buy your work, the frustration of hitting a wall with gatekeepers and expensive (and sometimes useless) editorial reviews, and the overwhelming noise of 4,000+ books published every single day. He shares the "empty stadium" feeling of creating incredible work with no crowd watching, and the crucial difference between an athlete's measurable "personal best" and a creator's invisible race. But the conversation is also filled with hope and hard-won wisdom. They discuss the power of building a "body of work" and waiting for that one brick to be knocked out of the wall, as described by podcaster Dan Carlin, so the people on the other side can finally see you. Martin shares stories from the band Stereophonics about how their biggest hit was a song they almost threw away, proving that sometimes you just have to keep showing up. They also touch on the practical side of book promotion, debating the merits of targeted Amazon ads versus scattergun PR and the hilarious potential (and pitfalls) of using AI to create promotional videos. If you're a writer, artist, or anyone trying to create something meaningful, this episode is a must-watch. It's a testament to the idea that even if the stadium is empty, you have to lace up your boots and run the race anyway—because the only thing you can control is showing up for tomorrow. Timestamps: 0:00 - The Indie Author's Dilemma 1:09 - Introducing Martin R. Nelson & "The Annals of Tessian" 2:18 - The Theme of "Children of the Dying Hearth": Leaving Your Comfort Zone 4:45 - The 600-Year-Old Elf: A Fun Fantasy Trope 6:00 - The Honorable Ruler Who Needs to Get His Hands Dirty 8:14 - The Bilbo Baggins Principle: No Hero's Journey from an Armchair 9:07 - "The Culling of Souls": Cutting Away What Holds You Back 11:13 - The Trauma That Defines You vs. The Trauma You Learn From 14:34 - Emotions Are a Window to the Soul 16:11 - The Truman Show: How Trauma Traps You 17:02 - The Universal Struggle: Jesus, Buddha, and Marcus Aurelius 18:36 - The Crushing Self-Doubt of Selling Your Own Work 20:11 - The Joe Rogan Comparison & The Empty Stadium 22:50 - The Athlete's "Personal Best" vs. The Creator's Invisible Race 24:02 - Van Gogh, Bob Ross & Finding Success After You're Gone 26:25 - The Power of a Good Conversation (and Respecting Boundaries) 29:01 - The Stereophonics Story: "Just Some Shit" Becomes a Hit 32:13 - Dan Carlin's "Wall" Theory & the Body of Work 34:39 - The Gatekeepers: Agents, Publishers, and 4,000 Daily Books 38:10 - The $700 Kirkus Review That Was Total Garbage 40:06 - AI Video Promotion: Hilarious Failures & Huge Potential 43:56 - Amazon Ads: Targeting the Right Niche 45:05 - The Power of the "Everyman" Podcast 48:06 - Turning Up the Volume for the RIGHT People 51:00 - The Fascination with the "Everyman" in History 52:28 - How You Can Support Indie Authors Martin https://martinraynelson.com/

Are we actually less capable of handling collapse than past generations—or are we just adapted for a different kind of world?In this conversation, Dan Carlin (Hardcore History / The End Is Always Near) breaks down why modern society may be more fragile than we think: not only because of disease, war, or shortages—but because fear and system dependence can stop essential services fast. We talk about the Spanish Flu (1918–1920), “toughness” as a moving target, and how complexity creates new failure points.In this episode:• Why fear can break society before disease does• Spanish Flu as a warning for modern cities• What “toughness” actually means (and why it's hard to define)• Redundancy vs complexity: why modern systems fail differently• Collapse scenarios we can't predict—until they arriveQuestion for you: If something major hit tomorrow, what breaks first—social trust, supply chains, policing, or healthcare?Subscribe for more investigations into the hidden forces behind history—same playbook, different century.

After surviving Thanksgiving and the subsequent biting cold, we jumped into the FOLLOW UP with news that Malaysia is joining the trend by taking steps to ban social media for children under 16, mirroring similar actions in Australia and Denmark—it seems the world is finally realizing the internet is a toxic wasteland for the kids. We also discussed Apple's photo AI, which is apparently still in beta, if the results are anything to go by. The bulk of our discussion centered on the spectacular, flaming death of the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE), which is Officially Dead. We broke down a brief rundown of the damages this vanity project caused, from humanitarian disasters overseas to administrative chaos and the loss of hundreds of thousands of jobs domestically, proving the "savings" were pure illusion. Now, with the collapse, the 'Suddenly exposed' DOGE employees fear prosecution after Musk abandoned them, learning the hard way that billionaire guardianship has an expiration date.The job market is just great, with both Apple laying off part of its sales team despite record revenue, and HP joining the List of Tech Companies Cutting Jobs and pointing to AI as the convenient scapegoat for laying off 10% of their workforce. Meanwhile, we found out the most popular social media platform among US adults isn't Instagram or TikTok—it's YouTube—while Meta allegedly buried research showing its products are harming users, confirming what we've known all along: they're evil, but they already got your grandma hooked. Adding to the misery, An Alarming Number of Teens Say They Turn To AI For Company, Study Finds, because why talk to a real, messy human when a bot can gaslight you more efficiently? Sam Altman's financial troubles are spilling over, with Sam Altman's Business Buddies Are Getting Stung (sorry, SoftBank and Oracle), and analysts estimate OpenAI Is Just $200 Billion Away From Still Losing Money, HSBC Says, a comical hole they plan to fill by asking for more free money. Legally, OpenAI can't use the Word ‘Cameo' in Sora now, thanks to a trademark suit, and Warner Music is playing both sides by dropping its lawsuit against Suno in exchange for a licensing agreement. Finally, in some truly dark news, a Marc Andreessen-backed Super-PAC Pours Millions Into Fighting State AI Regulations, and X's new location feature reveals that New X Feature Reveals Many MAGA Patriots on X Are Not Even Based in the U.S.After ranting about my misery dealing with the Open Dialogue bug in a beta build and declaring my return to "pedestrian releases," we got into APPS & DOODADS. Spotify is actually doing something cool with its new SongDNA feature, which shows you who sampled what (and they bought WhoSampled to do it). They're also testing Spotify's New AI-powered audiobook Recaps to remind you where you left off—Amazon is doing the same with AI-powered series Recap Videos for Prime Video. Amazon is also rolling out Alexa Home Theater surround sound for Echo speakers, making those budget speakers slightly more useful. We ran through some great stocking stuffers in Jason's Holiday Gift Guide, including Velcro cable ties and the Contigo travel mug, before moving on to MEDIA CANDY, which included Dan Carlin's Common Sense, Nathan Fillion and Alan Tudyk's new podcast Once We Were Spacemen, and a discussion on why Stranger Things Lost the Plot. We then got deeply uncomfortable talking about a Toronto ASMR spa that offers doctor roleplay, and closed out by talking about the documentary Quiet Please… about the neurological disorder misophonia. The episode finished with the AT THE LIBRARY segment, covering the Milli Vanilli memoir You Know It's True and the sci-fi short story collection The Time Travelers Passport.Show notes at https://gog.show/724Watch now on YouTube: https://youtu.be/PoMa9FM5QEE?si=4r25yqv_0u8aXHF7Sponsors:MasterClass - Get up to 50% off at MASTERCLASS.com/GRUMPYOLDGEEKSGusto - Try Gusto today at gusto.com/grumpy, and get three months free when you run your first payroll.Private Internet Access - Go to GOG.Show/vpn and sign up today. For a limited time only, you can get OUR favorite VPN for as little as $2.03 a month.SetApp - With a single monthly subscription you get 240+ apps for your Mac. Go to SetApp and get started today!!!1Password - Get a great deal on the only password manager recommended by Grumpy Old Geeks! gog.show/1passwordFOLLOW UPMalaysia takes steps to ban social media for children under 16IN THE NEWSDOGE Is Officially Dead'Suddenly exposed' DOGE employees fear prosecution after Musk abandoned them: reportApple lays off part of its sales teamHP Joins List of Tech Companies Cutting Jobs and Pointing to AIThe most popular social media platform among US adults isn't Instagram or TikTokMeta allegedly buried research showing its products are harming usersAn Alarming Number of Teens Say They Turn To AI For Company, Study FindsSam Altman's Business Buddies Are Getting StungOpenAI Is Just $200 Billion Away From Still Losing Money, HSBC SaysOpenAI Can't Legally Use the Word ‘Cameo' in Sora NowWarner Music drops lawsuit against AI music platform Suno in exchange for licensing agreementMarc Andreessen-Backed Super-PAC Pours Millions Into Fighting State AI RegulationsNew X Feature Reveals Many MAGA Patriots on X Are Not Even Based in The U.S.MEDIA CANDYCommon Sense 325 – Who's the Boss?Once We Were SpacemenHow Stranger Things Lost the PlotBeing EddieThe Beast in MeThe RosesAt Toronto's new ASMR spa, sensory stimulation slips out of the internet and into real lifeQuiet Please…APPS & DOODADSSpotify's SongDNA feature will show you which songs are sampled on a trackMaking of "The Prodigy - Smack My Bitch Up" in Ableton by Jim PavloffSpotify's New AI-Powered Audiobook Recaps Will Remind You Where You Left OffAmazon Launches AI-Powered Series Recap VideosAlexa Home Theater surround sound for Echo speakers is rolling out nowDashaun No Sadè - Episode 13 Durand BernarrGuermok Video Capture Card, 4K USB3.0 HDMI to USB C Capture Card for Streaming, 1080P 60FPS, Compatible with iPad Mac OS Windows, Quest 3, OBS, PS5/4, Switch2/1, Xbox, Camera (Silver)Meike 35mm F2.0 Auto Focus Full Frame STM Stepping Motor Lens Compatible with Nikon Z Mount CamerasOBS StudioRogue Amoeba LoopbackScientists Reveal What Black Friday Is Doing to Your BrainVELCRO Brand 150pk Cable Ties Value Pack, 8in | Stocking Stuffer Gifts for Tech Lovers | For Wire Management and Cord Organizer | Replace Zip Ties with Reusable Straps, Reduce WasteHand Holder Strap for ipad, Tablet Hand Holder Strap, Universal Handle Grip for iPad Kindle, Mini Tablets and Cases (Black)Anker USB C Hub, 7-in-1 Multi-Port USB Adapter for Laptops, 4K@60Hz USB C to HDMI Splitter, 85W Max Power Delivery, 3xUSBA & C 3.0 Data Ports, SD/TF Card, for Type C DevicesContigo AUTOSEAL West Loop Vacuum-Insulated Stainless Steel Travel Mug with Easy-Clean Lid 20 ozScotty Peeler Label and Sticker Remover - Single Metal Peeler -SP2Slipdrive - Portable Hard Drive Sleeve for Laptop - HDD Hard Disk Drive - Reusable Adhesive - 5.5” x 4.5” Stick on External Hard Drive Carrying Case - Travel Pocket Pouch (Large, Black)Slipdrive - Portable Hard Drive Sleeve for Laptop - SSD Solid State Drive - Reusable Adhesive - Stick on External Hard Drive Carrying Case - Pocket Pouch (Small, Black)Carlashes 1001UB Classic BlackAT THE LIBRARYYou Know It's True - The Real Story of Milli VanilliThe Time Travelers PassportThe Courage to Be Disliked: How to Free Yourself, Change Your Life, and Achieve Real Happiness by Ichiro Kishimi, Fumitake KogaSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

David Senra is the host of the Founders podcast. For the past nine years, David has intensely studied the life and work of hundreds of history's greatest entrepreneurs. His new podcast, David Senra, showcases conversations with the best-of-the-best living founders and extreme winners.This episode is brought to you by:Cresset family office services for CEOs, founders, and entrepreneursOur Place's Titanium Always Pan® Pro using nonstick technology that's coating-free and made without PFAS, otherwise known as “Forever Chemicals”AG1 all-in-one nutritional supplementTimestamps:[00:00:00] Who is David Senra?[00:01:11] Brad Jacobs: Roll-up king and positive-driven billionaire founder.[00:02:26] Rare positive archetypes: Ed Thorp, Sol Price, Brunello Cucinelli.[00:06:04] Michael Dell as another exception; fear of failure and motivation.[00:06:47] Negative self-talk, excellence, and its ripple effects.[00:08:26] Jensen Huang story: “Why do you suck so much?”[00:08:54] Inspiration from Dan Carlin's Hardcore History.[00:10:00] Derek Sivers: unconventional, philosophical entrepreneur.[00:11:04] Learning equals behavior change, not memorization.[00:11:48] Jeremy Giffon insight: biographies as substitute mentors.[00:12:37] Reading biographies as one-sided conversations.[00:13:16] The chain of influence.[00:14:09] Podcasting as “relationships at scale.”[00:14:28] Coping with trauma and breaking cycles.[00:20:18] Note-taking process: books, Post-its, ruler, Readwise.[00:29:27] OCD tendencies and love of doing things the hard way.[00:31:04] Comparing our reading/re-reading workflows.[00:35:04] A family falling out and the randomness of student housing.[00:38:58] David's introduction to my work during his MySpace-era college years.[00:40:07] Podcasting influences: Jocko Willink, Kevin Rose's Elon Musk interview.[00:44:14] Five-and-a-half years of obscurity before breakthrough.[00:46:50] Graphtreon and experiments with subscription models.[00:49:25] Patrick O'Shaughnessy's endorsement sparks growth.[00:51:23] Sam Hinkie and Patrick connections fuel momentum.[00:52:19] Transition to ads and joining Patrick's network.[00:55:17] Edwin Land: patron saint of founders and Steve Jobs' influence.[00:57:02] Lessons from Sam Zell, Jay Pritzker, and William Zeckendorf.[00:58:48] Need a generous, well-connected person? You can't go wrong with Rick Gerson.[01:03:04] Edwin Land's philosophies: Differentiation and doing to excess.[01:04:30] Entrepreneurial archetypes and conflicting advice.[01:06:00] Daniel Ek as an alternative founder archetype and mentor.[01:10:59] Further founder archetypes and contrasts.[01:13:41] What is an anti-business billionaire?[01:19:55] Advice from “shark” Michael Ovitz about the value of truth in one's inner circle.[01:22:30] The hands-on approach of practical founders who live for the love of their business.[01:23:28] Doing one thing relentlessly.[01:23:51] “This can't be my life” as a powerful motivator.[01:26:57] Low introspection as a common trait among founders — and its implications about human nature.[01:30:15] Robert Caro: The only writer David believes should be allowed to write thousand-page biographies.[01:32:40] James Dyson's persistence vs. the risk of blind stubbornness.[01:34:22] Todd Graves (Raising Cane's) as an example of relentless focus on one idea.[01:35:41] Separating fact from fiction in biographies/histories.[01:41:55] Considering trainable vs. non-trainable attributes in potential role models.[01:46:11] Perusing Charlie Munger's library.[01:49:35] Dealmaking lessons on Eddie Lampert's superyacht.[01:55:34] The smartest person David knows.[01:56:55] David's obsessive craftsman approach to podcast creation.[01:58:51] Why David decided to begin a second podcast.[02:01:21] The economics of trust.[02:03:40] The benefits of cultivating a purposeful aloofness about current events.[02:07:11] Using the pulpit of publicity for good, not evil.[02:09:57] New show frequency/dynamic and how David plans to balance the burden of running two shows.[02:13:30] Teamwork with essence of turtle.[02:15:40] Adapting the Rockefeller “secret allies” strategy to podcasting.[02:17:56] Chris Hutchins: The mad scientist of podcasting?[02:18:30] Working with Rob Mohr and Andrew Huberman of SciComm.[02:20:54] Why David focuses on 24-hour cycles over long-term planning.[02:24:54] Does David worry the extra workload will disrupt his lifestyle?[02:30:18] What makes one potential guest more interesting to David than another?[02:34:34] Making an impact vs. happiness.[02:36:32] Playing the status game when your heart's not in it is for suckers.[02:44:23] Travel observations and the rarity of truly unique experiences.[02:46:26] Books as philosophical operating systems.[02:48:39] Parting thoughts.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

When you think about climate change solutions, your mind might go to renewable energy, electric vehicles, or eating less meat. These are all of course important. But even if we stopped all emissions today, we'd still have too much CO2 in the atmosphere and would need to pull a lot of our emissions out of it. That's the bold mission of Aircapture, a California-based company pioneering modular direct air capture technology. On this episode, I speak with Matt Atwood, Aircapture's founder and CEO, about how his company is not only working to reduce atmospheric CO₂, but also profitably supplying it to industries that rely on the gas today—like beverage makers, greenhouses, and more. Instead of relying on fossil fuel byproducts or ethanol fermentation for their CO₂, companies can now get a cleaner, more reliable, and often cheaper supply directly from the air. Matt explains how Aircapture's approach differs from traditional large-scale carbon capture projects by focusing on on-site, modular units that can be shipped in a container and installed within weeks. These systems already commercially operate in the U.S., Europe, the Middle East, and Asia, giving customers local CO₂ while shrinking supply chain emissions. We dig into the economics of direct air capture, the climate math of whether it truly reduces atmospheric carbon, and the criticisms that it could provide a “moral license” to keep burning fossil fuels. Matt also shares how Aircapture recently raised a $50 million Series A—during a tough climate tech funding market—and what gives investors confidence that their model will scale where others have stumbled. If you've ever wondered whether pulling CO₂ out of thin air is realistic—or just hype—this conversation will give you a fascinating inside look. Discussed in this episode Our past episode with Make Sunsets about sulfur dioxide injections into the atmosphere.  We've done other episodes on geoengineering, for example on olivine spreading (Vesta and Eion), sulfur dioxide injections (Make Sunsets), direct carbon capture (Global Thermostat). Al Gore's skepticism about direct air capture. Matt recommends reading Ministry for the Future. Paul recommends Dan Carlin's The End is Always Near. Matt reflects on his earlier work with Algae Systems and why he thinks wastewater treatment improvements are so important.  Paul suggests tackling wastewater treatment with Neurospora species, as discussed here, here, here, and elsewhere.  Get to Know Matt Atwood Matt is a technologist, chemist, entrepreneur and pioneer in the DAC space. He has over 20 years experience in renewable and climate technology development and over a decade of experience with DAC and CO2 utilization technologies. Matt developed the world's first energy-positive wastewater treatment platform as Founder & CEO of Algae Systems. He has built and commercialized technologies in CO2, water, AgTech, waste treatment, and biofuels.

Sam Harris speaks with Dan Carlin about the decades-long buildup to our current political moment. They discuss the growing powers of the presidency, executive orders, different factions within the Republican Party, the fragmentation of our society, Libertarianism, the growing prospect of political violence, racism and scapegoating, foreign interference in American politics, immigration, global trends towards autocracy, whether “gatekeepers” in the media are necessary, holocaust denialism, and other topics. If the Making Sense podcast logo in your player is BLACK, you can SUBSCRIBE to gain access to all full-length episodes at samharris.org/subscribe.

FRIENDS AND ENEMIESThis week we welcome Dan Carlin, organizer of the Canadian Bitcoin Conference for a chat about the character of our conference, the rationale for his content decisions, some of the names to look forward to in 2025 and more.Join us for some QUALITY Bitcoin and economics talk, with a Canadian focus, every Monday at 7 PM EST. From a couple of Canucks who like to talk about how Bitcoin will impact Canada. As always, none of the info is financial advice. Website: ⁠www.CanadianBitcoiners.com⁠Discord:   / discord   A part of the CBP Media Network: ⁠www.twitter.com/CBPMediaNetworkThis show is sponsored by: easyDNS - https://easydns.com EasyDNS is the best spot for Anycast DNS, domain name registrations, web and email services. They are fast, reliable and privacy focused. With DomainSure and EasyMail, you'll sleep soundly knowing your domain, email and information are private and protected. You can even pay for your services with Bitcoin! Apply coupon code 'CBPMEDIA' for 50% off initial purchase Bull Bitcoin - ⁠⁠https://mission.bullbitcoin.com/cbp⁠⁠ The CBP recommends Bull Bitcoin for all your BTC needs. There's never been a quicker, simpler, way to acquire Bitcoin. Use the link above for 25% off fees FOR LIFE, and start stacking today.256Heat - https://256heat.com/ GET PAID TO HEAT YOUR HOUSE with 256 Heat. Whether you're heating your home, garage, office or rental, use a 256Heat unit and get paid MORE BITCOIN than it costs to run the unit. Book a call with a hashrate heating consultant today.

We face a disciplinary crisis as the twin pillars of Game Theory and Gurometry are called into question.The full episode is available to Patreon subscribers (1 hour, 35 minutes).Join us at: https://www.patreon.com/DecodingTheGurusSupplementary Material 3500:05 Introduction 01:52 Matt's Apology06:55 Just Life...12:34 Matt's Foodie Corner 14:01 Dedunking Dan Richards finds Sabine16:37 Sabine cultivates parasocial defenders18:16 Ana Kasparian gets deeper into ZOG conspiracies24:44 Gary vs Game Theory40:26 Support the Channel to Save the World47:10 Bryan Johnson and Methylene blue51:52 Scientific Cosplay Online53:51 Keith Rainiere and Sensemaking Parallels54:57 High IQ YoungHoon Kim tweets about proof of God56:19 Guru and Cult Leader Parallels01:01:13 The Validity of the Gurometer in Question?!?01:03:03 Hacking Social Heuristics01:07:38 Cult Leaders vs Secular Gurus01:12:33 Anti-Democratic moves by Trump01:15:03 Dan Carlin on Trump01:18:30 Streamers Talking Nonsense: Hasan on ISIS01:21:24 Ideological Fixation and Motivated Conspiracism01:27:22 OutroSourcesThe Cushendun Sea Caves from Game of ThronesKingdom Come: Deliverance 2 is Boosting TourismDeDunking: Eric Weinstein's Theory — Real Physicist vs Pseudo PoserAna Kasparian tweeting about the “Zionist Occupied Government”Gary's Economics: Game Theory is BrokenCritical Reddit thread on Gary's Game Theory videoHenrich, J., McElreath, R., Barr, A., Ensminger, J., Barrett, C., Bolyanatz, A., ... & Ziker, J. (2006). Costly punishment across human societies. Science, 312(5781), 1767–1770.The Selfish Gene, Chapter 12: Nice Guys Finish First (Richard Dawkins)High IQ YoungHoon Kim tweets about proof of GodI was Jordan Peterson's strongest supporter. Now I think he's dangerousDan Carlin's tweet about TrumpBBC: National Guard troops appear in Washington DC as mayor rejects Trump's 'authoritarian push'Nathan Baker: Keith Raniere, Ringleader of NXIVM Sex Slave Cult, Interviewed by Allison Mack, Top Cult...

Tonight I got to see a celebrity figure who I've admired for a long time. His name is Dan Carlin.  It was pretty cool. 

Isaac Saul is the Founder of Tangle, an independent, nonpartisan newsletter that presents a breakdown of the biggest news stories of the day, from both sides of the political aisle, to 125K+ subscribers in 55+ countries. As an ambitious but broke political reporter, Issac was struggling with countless job rejections and uncertainty over his path in life when he decided to turn his passion for open-minded political discourse into a mission-driven business. In 2019, he bootstrapped Tangle. In 5 years, Tangle has hit $1M in annual revenue through reader subscriptions alone and draws a wide audience on the Tangle podcast and YouTube. Its success landed Isaac on Forbes' Next 1000 list in 2021 among other “upstart entrepreneurs redefining the American dream”. Tangle's credibility today as one of the most reliable and least biased news sources on the internet is matched by Isaac's standing as a seasoned political news voice. He has written for TIME Magazine, Vox, HuffPost, and other leading publications. - Recognized by notables like Dan Carlin, Elon Musk, Chris Anderson, Paul Graham for his viral analysis on the Israel-Hamas conflict, which had 20M+ views on X. - Cited by Fox News, The New York Times, and The Washington Post for his reports. - Delivered a TED Talk on how language shapes politics and ideas to communicate beyond the political divide in 2024. - Named by Yahoo News as one of 16 people whose writing shaped the 2016 election. Key Moments 04:28 Building a News Team Experience 07:48 "Why Not Try?" 10:06 Accidental Entrepreneurial Journey 15:09 Team Families and Responsibilities Find Out More About Isaac https://www.linkedin.com/in/isaac-saul/https://www.readtangle.com/https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/tangle/id1538788132https://www.youtube.com/@tanglenewshttps://www.forbes.com/next1000/https://adfontesmedia.com/tangle-bias-and-reliability/https://www.allsides.com/news-source/tangle-media-biashttps://www.isaacsaul.org/my-work.htmlhttps://x.com/Ike_Saul/status/1711780282725011520https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=543mYKKh1EEhttps://www.yahoo.com/news/16-people-who-shaped-the-2016-election-isaac-saul-175336283.html If you're enjoying Entrepreneur's Enigma, please give me a review on the podcast directory of your choice. The show is on all of them and these reviews really help others find the show. iTunes: https://gmwd.us/itunes Podchaser: https://gmwd.us/podchaser TrueFans: https://gmwd.us/truefans Also, if you're getting value from the show and want to buy me a coffee, go to the show notes to get the link to get me a coffee to keep me awake, while I work on bringing you more great episodes to your ears. →  https://gmwd.us/buy-me-a-coffee or support me on TrueFans.fm → https://gmwd.us/truefans. Follow Seth Online: Seth | Digital Marketer (@s3th.me) Seth Goldstein | LinkedIn: LinkedIn.com/in/sethmgoldstein Seth On Mastodon: https://indieweb.social/@phillycodehound Seth's Marketing Junto Newsletter: https://MarketingJunto.com Leave The Show A Voicemail: https://voiceline.app/ee Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Jack Weatherford is an anthropologist and historian specializing in Genghis Khan and the Mongol Empire. Thank you for listening ❤ Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep476-sc See below for timestamps, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc. CONTACT LEX: Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact EPISODE LINKS: Jack's Books: https://amzn.to/3ISziZr Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World: https://amzn.to/4l45LsY The Secret History of the Mongol Queens: https://amzn.to/4l22uud Genghis Khan and the Quest for God: https://amzn.to/4fpOQA4 Emperor of the Seas: Kublai Khan and the Making of China: https://amzn.to/40JEll1 SPONSORS: To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts: Allio Capital: AI-powered investment app that uses global macroeconomic trends. Go to https://alliocapital.com/ ZocDoc: App that helps patients find healthcare providers. Go to https://zocdoc.com/lex Fin: AI agent for customer service. Go to https://fin.ai/lex Oracle: Cloud infrastructure. Go to https://oracle.com/lex Shopify: Sell stuff online. Go to https://shopify.com/lex MasterClass: Online classes from world-class experts. Go to https://masterclass.com/lexpod LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix. Go to https://drinkLMNT.com/lex OUTLINE: (00:00) - Introduction (00:44) - Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections (10:44) - Origin story of Genghis Khan (52:30) - Early battles & conquests (1:05:11) - Power (1:07:33) - Secret History (1:20:58) - Mongolian steppe (1:24:16) - Mounted archery and horse-riding (1:32:36) - Genghis Khan's army (1:48:49) - Military tactics and strategy (2:01:13) - Wars of conquest (2:05:37) - Dan Carlin (2:15:37) - Religious freedom (2:31:24) - Trade and the Silk Road (2:40:10) - Weapons innovation (2:41:40) - Kublai Khan and conquering China (3:23:31) - Fall of the Mongol Empire (3:50:26) - Genetic legacy (4:00:20) - Lessons from Genghis Khan (4:10:36) - Human nature (4:13:47) - Visiting Mongolia (4:33:15) - Lex: Dan Carlin (4:36:06) - Lex: Gaza PODCAST LINKS: - Podcast Website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast - Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr - Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 - RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ - Podcast Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4 - Clips Channel: https://www.youtube.com/lexclips

Too much of our history is looked at through either a colonial lens or a patriarchal one. Ira Mukhoty joins Amit Varma in episode 421 of The Seen and the Unseen to share her gaze on India's history, and all that it has taught her. (FOR FULL LINKED SHOW NOTES, GO TO SEENUNSEEN.IN.)   Also check out: 1. Ira Mukhoty on Instagram, Twitter, Goodreads and Amazon. 2. Women in Indian History -- Episode 155 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Ira Mukhoty). 3. The Lion and The Lily: The Rise and Fall of Awadh -- Ira Mukhoty. 4. Akbar: The Great Mughal -- Ira Mukhoty. 5. Song of Draupadi -- Ira Mukhoty. 6. Daughters of the Sun: Empresses, Queens and Begums of the Mughal Empire -- Ira Mukhoty. 7. Heroines: Powerful Indian Women of Myth and History -- Ira Mukhoty. 8. Jahangir the Curious — Episode 147 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Parvati Sharma). 9. The Many Cities of Delhi — Episode 172 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Rana Safvi). 10. Episodes of The Seen and the Unseen with Manu Pillai: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. 11. Wifedom: Mrs Orwell's Invisible Life -- Anna Funder. 12. Invisible Women -- Caroline Criado Perez. 13. An Immense World -- Ed Yong. 14. What Is It Like to Be a Bat? — Thomas Nagel. 15. History of European Morals — WEH Lecky. 16. The Expanding Circle — Peter Singer. 17. Yuganta -- Irawati Karve. 18. The Great Indian Kitchen -- Jeo Baby. 19. Heart Lamp -- Banu Mushtaq. 20. Misogyny is the Oldest Indian Tradition -- Amit Varma. 21. One Bad Law Goes, but Women Remain Second-Class Citizens -- Amit Varma. 22. The Incredible Curiosities of Mukulika Banerjee — Episode 276 of The Seen and the Unseen. 23. Mughal History as a window to Modern India -- Ira Mukhoty on The India Briefing. 24. The Life and Times of Shanta Gokhale — Episode 311 of The Seen and the Unseen. 25. The Life and Times of Mrinal Pande — Episode 263 of The Seen and the Unseen. 26. Caste, Capitalism and Chandra Bhan Prasad — Episode 296 of The Seen and the Unseen. 27. In defence of suit, boot — Chandra Bhan Prasad. 28. The Indianness of Indian Food — Episode 95 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Vikram Doctor). 29. Pushpesh Pant Feasts on the Buffet of Life — Episode 326 of The Seen and the Unseen. 30. Real Birds in Imagined Gardens -- Kavita Singh. 31. The Light in Winter -- Episode 97 of Everything is Everything, on Spanish art. 32. Tawaif — Episode 174 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Saba Dewan). 33. Swapna Liddle and the Many Shades of Delhi — Episode 367 of The Seen and the Unseen. 34. The Broken Script — Swapna Liddle. 35. Culture of Encounters: Sanskrit at the Mughal Court -- Audrey Truschke. 36. The Tibetan Book of the Dead. 37. The Year of Magical Thinking -- Joan Didion. 38. Blue Nights -- Joan Didion. 39. H is for Hawk -- Helen Macdonald. 40. The Procrastination Matrix -- Tim Urban. 41. The Age of the Partial Outsider -- Janan Ganesh. 42. Wolf Hall, Bring Up the Bodies and The Mirror and the Light -- Hilary Mantel. 43. The Silence of the Girls -- Pat Barker. 44. The Hindus: An Alternative History -- Wendy Doniger. 45. Daily Rituals -- Mason Currey. 46. Daily Rituals: Women at Work -- Mason Currey. 47. The Surface Area of Serendipity -- Episode 39 of Everything is Everything. 48. Tawaifnama — Saba Dewan. 49. The Other Song -- Saba Dewan. 50. Sex and the Family in Colonial India -- Durba Ghosh. 51. Blueprint for Armageddon — Episode 50-55 of Dan Carlin's Hardcore History. 52. Roam Research. 53. Zettelkasten on Wikipedia. 54. The History Thieves: Secrets, Lies and the Shaping of a Modern Nation -- Ian Cobain. 55. Vagabond Princess: The Great Adventures of Gulbadan -- Ruby Lal. 56. Empress: The Astonishing Reign of Nur Jehan -- Ruby Lal. 57. Coming of Age in Nineteenth-Century India: The Girl-Child and the Art of Playfulness -- Ruby Lal. 58. What is Islam? -- Shahab Ahmad. 59. Gods, Guns and Missionaries: The Making of the Modern Hindu Identity -- Manu Pillai. 60. The House Divided: Sunni, Shia and the Making of the Middle East -- Barnaby Rogerson. 61. Muntakhab-ut-Tawarikh -- ʽAbd al-Qadir Badayuni. 62. Sarkai Lo Khatiya Jada Lage -- Song from Raja Babu. 63. Edge of Empire -- Maya Jasonoff. 64. Shatranj Ke Khiladi -- Satyajit Ray. 65. That Obscure Object of Desire -- Luis Buñuel. 66. This House of Grief -- Helen Garner. 67. Joe Cinque's Consolation -- Helen Garner. 68. Grief Is the Thing with Feathers -- Max Porter. 69. Burial Rites -- Hannah Kent. 70. Maya Angelou and Toni Morrison. 71. The Wonder -- Emma Donahue. 72. When Montezuma Met Cortés -- Matthew Restall. 73. Stolen -- Karan Tejpal. Amit Varma and Ajay Shah have launched a new course called Life Lessons, which aims to be a launchpad towards learning essential life skills all of you need. For more details, and to sign up, click here. Amit and Ajay also bring out a weekly YouTube show, Everything is Everything. Have you watched it yet? You must! And have you read Amit's newsletter? Subscribe right away to The India Uncut Newsletter! It's free! Also check out Amit's online course, The Art of Clear Writing. Episode art: ‘Unseen Histories' by Simahina.

Are the days of fast house price growth and wild property booms finally behind us? And if that's true, is it time to throw in the towel on property investing? Join us as Rob & Rob get to the bottom of these questions, breaking down the changing dynamics of house prices and explaining why the opportunity to build serious wealth through property is far from over.  (0:55) News story of the week.  (2:21) Is UK house price growth a thing of the past?  (3:00) Let's look at house price growth previously.  (4:30) So what's happening now?  (9:40) What's the key to high returns today…  (12:15) Don't forget regional differences.  (13:25) Rob & Rob's final thoughts.  (14:13) Hub Extra.   Links mentioned:  Spending review promises £39bn cash injection for affordable housing  Is UK house price growth a thing of the past?  Dan Carlin's Hardcore History  The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich  The Rest Is History  Enjoy the show?  Leave us a review on Apple Podcasts - it really helps others find us!  Sign up for our free weekly newsletter, Property Pulse  Find out more about Property Hub Invest 

On this episode of the Crazy Wisdom podcast, I, Stewart Alsop, sat down once again with Aaron Lowry for our third conversation, and it might be the most expansive yet. We touched on the cultural undercurrents of transhumanism, the fragile trust structures behind AI and digital infrastructure, and the potential of 3D printing with metals and geopolymers as a material path forward. Aaron shared insights from his hands-on restoration work, our shared fascination with Amish tech discernment, and how course-correcting digital dependencies can restore sovereignty. We also explored what it means to design for long-term human flourishing in a world dominated by misaligned incentives. For those interested in following Aaron's work, he's most active on Twitter at @Aaron_Lowry.Check out this GPT we trained on the conversation!Timestamps00:00 – Stewart welcomes Aaron Lowry back for his third appearance. They open with reflections on cultural shifts post-COVID, the breakdown of trust in institutions, and a growing societal impulse toward individual sovereignty, free speech, and transparency.05:00 – The conversation moves into the changing political landscape, specifically how narratives around COVID, Trump, and transhumanism have shifted. Aaron introduces the idea that historical events are often misunderstood due to our tendency to segment time, referencing Dan Carlin's quote, “everything begins in the middle of something else.”10:00 – They discuss how people experience politics differently now due to the Internet's global discourse, and how Aaron avoids narrow political binaries in favor of structural and temporal nuance. They explore identity politics, the crumbling of party lines, and the erosion of traditional social anchors.15:00 – Shifting gears to technology, Aaron shares updates on 3D printing, especially the growing maturity of metal printing and geopolymers. He highlights how these innovations are transforming fields like automotive racing and aerospace, allowing for precise, heat-resistant, custom parts.20:00 – The focus turns to mechanical literacy and the contrast between abstract digital work and embodied craftsmanship. Stewart shares his current tension between abstract software projects (like automating podcast workflows with AI) and his curiosity about the Amish and Mennonite approach to technology.25:00 – Aaron introduces the idea of a cultural “core of integrated techne”—technologies that have been refined over time and aligned with human flourishing. He places Amish discernment on a spectrum between Luddite rejection and transhumanist acceleration, emphasizing the value of deliberate integration.30:00 – The discussion moves to AI again, particularly the concept of building local, private language models that can persistently learn about and serve their user without third-party oversight. Aaron outlines the need for trust, security, and stateful memory to make this vision work.35:00 – Stewart expresses frustration with the dominance of companies like Google and Facebook, and how owning the Jarvis-like personal assistant experience is critical. Aaron recommends options like GrapheneOS on a Pixel 7 and reflects on the difficulty of securing hardware at the chip level.40:00 – They explore software development and the problem of hidden dependencies. Aaron explains how digital systems rest on fragile, often invisible material infrastructure and how that fragility is echoed in the complexity of modern software stacks.45:00 – The concept of “always be reducing dependencies” is expanded. Aaron suggests the real goal is to reduce untrustworthy dependencies and recognize which are worth cultivating. Trust becomes the key variable in any resilient system, digital or material.50:00 – The final portion dives into incentives. They critique capitalism's tendency to exploit value rather than build aligned systems. Aaron distinguishes rivalrous games from infinite games and suggests the future depends on building systems that are anti-rivalrous—where ideas compete, not people.55:00 – They wrap up with reflections on course correction, spiritual orientation, and cultural reintegration. Stewart suggests titling the episode around infinite games, and Aaron shares where listeners can find him online.Key InsightsTranshumanism vs. Techne Integration: Aaron frames the modern moment as a tension between transhumanist enthusiasm and a more grounded relationship to technology, rooted in "techne"—practical wisdom accumulated over time. Rather than rejecting all new developments, he argues for a continuous course correction that aligns emerging technologies with deep human values like truth, goodness, and beauty. The Amish and Mennonite model of communal tech discernment stands out as a countercultural but wise approach—judging tools by their long-term effects on community, rather than novelty or entertainment.3D Printing as a Material Frontier: While most of the 3D printing world continues to refine filaments and plastic-based systems, Aaron highlights a more exciting trajectory in printed metals and geopolymers. These technologies are maturing rapidly and finding serious application in domains like Formula One, aerospace, and architectural experimentation. His conversations with others pursuing geopolymer 3D printing underscore a resurgence of interest in materially grounded innovation, not just digital abstraction.Digital Infrastructure is Physical: Aaron emphasizes a point often overlooked: that all digital systems rest on physical infrastructure—power grids, servers, cables, switches. These systems are often fragile and loaded with hidden dependencies. Recognizing the material base of digital life brings a greater sense of responsibility and stewardship, rather than treating the internet as some abstract, weightless realm. This shift in awareness invites a more embodied and ecological relationship with our tools.Local AI as a Trustworthy Companion: There's a compelling vision of a Jarvis-like local AI assistant that is fully private, secure, and persistent. For this to function, it must be disconnected from untrustworthy third-party cloud systems and trained on a personal, context-rich dataset. Aaron sees this as a path toward deeper digital agency: if we want machines that truly serve us, they need to know us intimately—but only in systems we control. Privacy, persistent memory, and alignment to personal values become the bedrock of such a system.Dependencies Shape Power and Trust: A recurring theme is the idea that every system—digital, mechanical, social—relies on a web of dependencies. Many of these are invisible until they fail. Aaron's mantra, “always be reducing dependencies,” isn't about total self-sufficiency but about cultivating trustworthy dependencies. The goal isn't zero dependence, which is impossible, but discerning which relationships are resilient, personal, and aligned with your values versus those that are extractive or opaque.Incentives Must Be Aligned with the Good: A core critique is that most digital services today—especially those driven by advertising—are fundamentally misaligned with human flourishing. They monetize attention and personal data, often steering users toward addiction or ...

Cody Cook is a theologian and anarchist writer with a new book out from the Christian Libertarian Institute. He explains the background of anabaptism first, and then explains its intimate connection with anarchism in the Rothbardian tradition.Mentioned in the Episode and Other Links of Interest:The YouTube version of this interview.The landing page for The Anarchist Anabaptist.Dan Carlin's Hardcore History podcast episode covering the Protestant takeover of Munster.The link for Monetary-Metals.com.Help support the Bob Murphy Show.

There's one big reason why Invincible season 3 will never be the realistic superhero animation that it truly wants to be...“It's like peeing your pants on purpose!”Omni-Man“Iconic” is a word that's overused to the point of meaninglessness, but it's pretty safe to say that the power of flight is the one most associated with being a superhero. There were plenty of super strong heroes in myth, legend, and even popular culture for centuries, but combining that with the power to defy gravity and fly is where what we know of as a “superhero” really begins to take shape. Even Superman, in his earliest stories, couldn't outright fly, and was instead “able to leap tall buildings in a single bound,” a power often described as being limited to about 200 yards at a time. Eventually, self-directed flight became more convenient from a storytelling perspective…not to mention cool.Sure, there have been plenty of “explanations” given for superheroic flight in various stories through the years, but nobody has ever tried to fully explain the reasoning behind it as well as Invincible. Originally a brilliant comic from Robert Kirkman, Cory Walker, and Ryan Ottley, it has been adapted into an equally brilliant adult animated series on Prime Video. With Invincible season 3 now finally here, we thought it might be a good time to take a look at the Invincible concept of self-directed humanoid flight, whether it makes sense in the story, and if there's any scientific hope whatsoever that one day humans might be able to shake loose the bonds of gravity.Check out the latest episode of Does it Fly? for the answers to these questions…WATCH THE VIDEO VERSION HERE: https://youtu.be/FlILlAncxZQSUGGESTED VIEWING Look, all of Invincible on Prime Video is masterful superhero storytelling. Less nihilistic than The Boys but every bit as thought-provoking and violent, you really need to check it out. That being said, pretty much everything you need to know about the rules of flight as they're portrayed in this show come from the first three episodes of season one. But trust us, you'll want to watch more.FURTHER READING Do you want to delve a little deeper into the facts, concepts, and stories Hakeem and Tamara referenced in today's episode? Of course you do! The Law of Conservation of MomentumNot to spoil everything right up front, but this basic law of physics pretty much crushes our dreams of ever flying like Invincible. Let NASA explain…they would know!GravityGravity is another one that's kind of tough to get around. Again, we figured NASA probably has the best explanation here.Spacetime DiagramsThere's no easy way to summarize these, but especially for our audio-only listeners who couldn't see our visualization, this should help.“Give me a lever long enough and a fulcrum on which to place it, and I shall move the world.”For some variations and historical context on that Archimedes quote go here!Birds do it. Bees do it…But we can't? That's not fair! Here's how birds and insects are able to fly, though.And for the non-scientific stuff…The article that Tamara quotes about the matter of making Mark Grayson bi-racial in the TV series can be read in full here.Hakeem refers to Dan Carlin's Hardcore History, a truly incredible podcast which did a series on  World War I called “Blueprint for Armageddon” which can be found here. We're big fans. And also, do not forget that Invincible was an AMAZING comic long before it was a TV series. Need something to while away the long wait between new Invincible seasons? Want to get even further ahead in the story? Invincible from Image Comics is the way to go.WANT MORE FROM DOES IT FLY?This isn't the first time we've tackled superheroes on Does it Fly? so you might want to check out our episodes on Batman, The Boys, and Iron Man to get a better sense of the real world concerns that superheroes (and villains) might face. And for a different kind of superheroic flight, check out our episode on The Rocketeer, too!FOLLOW US!Stay in the loop! Follow DoesItFly? on YouTube and TikTok and let us know what you think! And don't forget to follow Roddenberry Entertainment:Instagram: @RoddenberryOfficial Facebook: RoddenberryBluesky: @roddenberrypod.bsky.socialFor Advertising Inquiries: doesitfly@roddenberry.comCheck out the official Does it Fly? playlist, too!

Jack Weatherford returns to the pod which marks a pretty sentimental moment for me (links are at the bottom of this email, before the transcript snippet).Jack's first appearance was #19 of the podcast. To this day, it's my favourite podcast I've ever recorded. These are links to the first appearance. Jack Weatherford #19 on SpotifyJack Weatherford #19 on AppleJack Weatherford #19 on YoutubeBut four years ago, when I had just started this podcast, I had written to Jack telling how I was listening to the final chapters of his book while walking across sand dunes in Merghouza, (a desolate slice of the Sahara in south west Morocco). The chapter was making the case for how the plagues viral spread was downstream of the Mongols connectivity of the modern world. I wrote that I was keen to interview him for this podcast that I had just started. There were lots of rejection for a while in the first few years and I had no expectations he would even get back to me. But to my surprise he did, and it was an emphatic yes. We corresponded a bit over email, recorded a 4 hour discussion, of which 3 where published And it was as much a dedication to Mongolia as it was Genghis Khan and the Mongols. And I've waited in the years since to see him appear on Rogan, Fridman, Tim Ferriss or even a Dan Carlin addendum, since these are all blokes who have openly praised and spoken about Jack's work many times. But so far, nothing, although it looks like one of them may correct this, which Jack may or may not give away at the end.But onto this episode today. Jack has just published his final instalment on the Mongols, his fourth book on the topic. It's called Emperor Of The Seas and it's about Genghis's grandson, Kublai Khan, who expanded the Mongol territory beyond the dominion his grandfather conquered 50 years before him. Kublai folded into the Khan empire the fertile agricultural lands of south China, repurposed that fleet and the expertise along with and expanded the Khan empire beyond the oceans. Mongols sitting on horseback, atop goat skins, riding wooden ships. Jack Weatherford #190 Of The Curious Worldview Podcast on YoutubeEmperor Of The Seas - Jack Weatherford

After Mike recites a brand-new mystery for the curious mind with a short attention span, OG Podcaster and Hardcore History host Dan Carlin drops by to tell Mike what he got right, what he got wrong, and why our understanding of the subject of this mystery is so important to understanding the United States today. Today's episode is sponsored by ZipRecruiter.com/Rowe to try ZipRecruiter for FREE. Listen to Constant Wonder wherever you get your podcasts. MikeRowe.com/MomsBook to buy a copy of Oh No, Not the Home! by Peggy Rowe KnobelSpirits.com to get the whiskey named after Mike's grandad.

As an extra bonus to our special episode discussing the post-presidencies of the Early Republic, check out an episode of guest Peter Zablocki's podcast, History Shorts, where he interviews the podcasting legend himself, Dan Carlin. Peter and Dan discuss the inspiration behind their appreciation for the study of history, how the discipline has evolved over the years, and how podcasts present a unique approach to storytelling. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

The Goods is back with an epic episode bringing religious scholar Gavin McDowell back to the podcast. The group take a deep dive into the Munster Anabaptist rebellion of 1534 and 1535 via its German miniseries adaptation. Join as they talk through the challenges of getting their hands on the film (including manually translated subtitles), the historical and backdrop of the rebellion, their varying levels of appreciation for the stylings of Dan Carlin's "Hardcore History" recap of the event, young Christoph Waltz's charisma, the strange adaptational choices in the film, and the event's legacy. View the miniseries with English subtitles on Archive.org here Read Gavin's column on the topic here  

Week 0 was something else, wasn't it? With a few days to mull over Georgia Tech's upset of Florida State and SMU's comeback over Nevada, we talk through our lingering thoughts from a genuinely entertaining appetizer week of college football action. Then, with a much larger slate of action set to start this weekend, we roll out our "Early Bird Special" segment and make picks for the most intriguing Thursday and Friday games, as North Carolina travels to Minnesota and Colorado hosts North Dakota State. And finally, as is tradition, we touch base with Dan Carlin of Hardcore History fame and get his reflections on being a Colorado fan amid the Deion Sanders whirlwind and the state of his college football fandom in 2024.0:00 - Intro8:24 - Saturday Leftovers18:22 - Early Bird Specials38:55 - Dan CarlinJoin other diehard listeners and college football fans at https://www.verballers.com.Like our college football podcast? Leave us a rating and review, and don't forget to subscribe or follow so you don't miss any of our podcast episodes:Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-solid-verbal-college-football-podcast/id270037732Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/0MABqnjJ8GlteE1Ql9xOEsAmazon Music: https://amzn.to/49irJmDOvercast: https://overcast.fm/itunes270037732Pocket Casts: https://pca.st/podcast/6f91d1c0-2c30-012e-097f-00163e1b201cPodcast Addict: https://podcastaddict.com/podcast/the-solid-verbal-college-football-podcast/2415775CastBox: https://castbox.fm/vc/2233040Our college football show is also available on YouTube. Subscribe to the channel at: https://www.youtube.com/@solidverbalWant to get in touch? Give us a holler on Twitter: @solidverbal, @tyhildenbrandt, @danrubenstein, on Instagram, or on Facebook. You can also find our college football podcast out on TikTok and Threads. Stay up to date with our free weekly college football newsletter: https://quickslants.solidverbal.com/subscribe.College football has been our passion since we started The Solid Verbal College Football Podcast back in 2008. We don't just love college football, we live it!See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Rob is flying solo today, Dan Carlin style, with some news out of Lexington and some more news out of Knoxville. Then, some thoughts on the win that was, the goal that wasn't, and where we sit in the league and the Cup. Speaking of the Cup, we finally have clarity on how the semifinal matchups and locations will be determined. Plus, the final match weekend presents a simply wild possibility. Mark your calendar for the Greenville vs Charlotte match on August 30 & listen to this podcast to find out why that game might be entirely bonkers. Follow the show: @talkinflock Follow Rob: @robchappel365

Dan and Rob think history is exciting! "Hardcore History" host Dan Carlin joins Rob Lowe to discuss watching history unfold in real-time, why Rob believes 1976 to 1986 was the best time to be alive, whether the United States is an empire in decline, why the presidency of JFK might be even more important than we initially thought, the evolution of television journalism, and much more. Inspired by Walmart, Rob is opening up the Lowe Down Line this summer to answer your questions about cultural trends, fandoms, home design, and all things style! If you've got a question, just leave me a message at (323) 570-4551 and tune in to the next installment of the Lowe Down Line.

Try Riverside free now: https://creators.riverside.fm/PodcastersPodcast & Use code: Podcast15 for an exclusive 15% off. Ash and Kane discuss creative and unconventional ways to monetise your podcast beyond traditional approaches such as sponsorships and affiliates. From using content for investment opportunities to offering exclusive access to back catalogues they outline six innovative strategies they have seen from other successful podcasters. KEY TAKEAWAYS Some podcasters, like Alex Hormozi, use their content to build trust and expertise, enabling them to invest in businesses at favourable terms or acquire equity through consulting. Dan Carlin's Hardcore History podcast monetises by releasing only a few episodes per year and putting older episodes behind a Patreon paywall, generating over $40,000 monthly. The Lore podcast successfully expanded its intellectual property into books and TV shows, earning its creator an estimated $6 million annually from licensing deals. Some airlines license podcast episodes for in-flight entertainment, providing an additional revenue stream for creators like Steven Bartlett. The Detour podcast offers guided audio tours of cities, combining storytelling with real-world exploration for a unique listener experience. Being a podcast guest can be a monetisation strategy, allowing individuals to reach new audiences and promote their products or services without hosting their own show. Some podcasters charge guests to appear on their shows, particularly in niche markets or for locally focused content. The "Hey Mr. Jim" podcast created a branded physical product – a child-friendly radio that plays only their content, selling for £97 plus shipping. BEST MOMENTS "Dan goes to like, the extreme and he'll do, Three or four episodes a year. They're all about historic event, but they're like PHD level deep dive of one very specific historical event." "So the premise of this podcast is very similar to when you go to a gallery or museum. You put the headphones on and there's a guided tour." "Daniel Priestly does this really well. He guests on all sorts of podcasts and it's increased downloads of his software company score app massively." "Essentially, the way he monetised was marketing agencies or companies that wanted to sell to marketing agencies, basically anything in that ecosystem, they would pay to come on and he would ask them questions." "Kids all over the world wanted their characters to be in the stories and they wanted specific stories for them or they wanted to be in the stories. So because the parents just want their kids to go to bed and get what they want, you paid to join his Patreon." "You could be that trend you have like the opposite... for every like massive veganism group. You've got like the carnivores, right?" VALUABLE RESOURCES Website EPISODES TO CHECK OUT NEXT Comparing Podcast Production Options | using AI? Building a High Ticket Offer | The Best Way to Monetise a Podcast ABOUT THE HOSTS Kane Baron & Ashley Morris run the UK's first and largest Podcast Agency, Progressive Media. They specialise in planning, launching, and Growing Podcasts that Generate Leads, Revenue and Business opportunities as well as helping Experts and Entrepreneurs improve Credibility and Positioning within their niche to Scale their Personal Brand and Business. Kane and Ashley manage over 100 Podcasters every week Including Rob Moore, Kevin Clifton and Dapper Laughs. They have supported hundreds of Podcasts in generating tens of Millions in combined Revenue. Progressive Media have provided Production, Marketing and Consultancy services to help creators Launch, Scale & Monetise their Podcast for over 7 years. CONNECT & CONTACT Instagram LinkedIn Email: podcast@progressiveproperty.co.uk

“If the war was to be over by Christmas, as many believed, or at the latest by Easter 1915, tens of thousands of soldiers might be killed or wounded before the guns fell silent. Every army believed that it could crush its opponents within a few months.” Welcome back to another episode of Made You Think! Join us as we dive into The First World War by Martin Gilbert. We'll explore the intricate details of WW1, from the seemingly pointless triggers to the significant aftermath that reshaped the world. We'll also touch on intriguing historical anecdotes, like Germany's return in WW2, and the far-reaching consequences of redrawing borders. History lovers, buckle up for this one! We cover a wide range of topics including: Technological advancements from cavalry to tanks and planes How WW1 redrew the map and ended empires The concept of 'war guilt' and its impact America's pivotal role and the intercepted telegram The seemingly unnecessary triggers of the first World War And much more. Please enjoy, and make sure to follow Nat, Neil, and Adil on Twitter and share your thoughts on the episode. Links from the Episode: Mentioned in the Show: The Great War on Youtube (2:32) Schlieffen Plan (10:57) French Foreign legion (16:48) Empires before WW1 (34:42) Zimmerman Telegram (41:21) Marshall Plan (1:13:34) They Shall Not Grow Old (1:26:26) Books Mentioned: The First World War The Second World War (3:13) Shadow Divers (43:46) The Power of Geography (1:24:57) Blueprint for Armageddon (1:38:21) The Brothers K (1:39:40) Musashi (1:39:47) People Mentioned: Martin Gilbert Ho Chi Minh (3:59) David Lloyd George (24:47) John J. Pershing (41:03) Dan Carlin (1:37:32) Ernest Shackleton (1:38:47) Show Topics: (0:00) Today, we're covering The First World War by Martin Gilbert. While the book offers a detailed play-by-play of WW1, it wasn't the most enjoyable read. However, we gained significant insights into the war. (4:53) The war's triggers and conflicts felt somewhat pointless. Despite this, WW1 felt more significant than WW2 as it redrew maps and ended four empires. Unlike WW2's clear-cut good vs. evil narrative, WW1 began with cavalry and ended with advanced technology like planes, tanks, gas, and submarines. (8:02) Numerous underlying tensions grew and eventually exploded in unpredictable ways. One of the triggers was Germany's insecurity about its geographical position. We delve into the circumstances that led to the start of the war. (11:10) A major theme was the widespread belief that the war would end quickly, without long-term consequences. We discuss what wars were like before WW1, typically regional with smaller armies and less impact on civilian populations. (13:57) What was the aftermath of the war like? You might belong to a different town or region, but it may not have affected your daily life much. (18:00) Nat, Neil, and Adil talk about the multiple empires that collapsed during this time.  (20:10) War guilt was a new concept, unlike previous wars where the winning side simply negotiated their gains. The sheer number of deaths and the devastation of this war was shocking.  (25:35) How did the Ottoman Empire get involved and what was their involvement in the war? (27:05) The Germans came back much stronger in WWII, despite being devastated in WWI. They put up a bigger fight just 20 years later. It leads us to wonder, from where did they find the resources? (31:38) How the war marked a complete era shift. Would communism have had as much impact in the 20th century without WWI? Would the Soviet Union have emerged? (34:42) We take a look at a map of empires before WW1 and how the territories looked before then, which leads into our first tangent of this episode! (37:52) Though Mexico wasn't involved in the war, Germany sent them a telegram promising several U.S. states in exchange for support. The British intercepted this message and informed the U.S. (40:34) America's entry into the war truly tipped the scales and accelerated the conflict. They joined gradually, but their involvement turned the tide. We discuss the telegram that prompted America's entry into WWI. (43:58) We were surprised by the advanced use of submarines in WWI. It's fascinating to consider how much the world has changed, especially thinking about the Ottoman Empire, which lasted over 600 years. (47:49) WWI was the first time oil played a significant role, and the Ottoman Empire had some of the largest oil reserves. Had they survived, they could have controlled one of the 20th century's most crucial resources. From the four dissolved empires, 40 new countries emerged. (50:12) While book wasn't the most entertaining and it felt repetitive, its importance lies in how it made people rethink the norms and rules of engagement. If a major war broke out next year, for example, there would likely be a similar period of figuring out new ground rules. (57:15) The Russian Revolution. Two generations of European leaders were responsible for the deaths of tens of millions of people. With two major world wars only 20 years apart, the loss of life was staggering. (1:02:11) In the last 6 months of the war, everyone believed they were losing. The Germans were preparing to surrender, and the British doubted they would make it. After the war, the US never ratified the Treaty of Versailles and chose not to get involved in the aftermath. (1:06:31) The redrawing of borders after the war marked the end of colonialism, profoundly impacting various parts of the world. Much of the end of colonialism stemmed from the end of WW1 and the dissolution of empires. The poorly executed division of territories led to cascading conflicts in the aftermath. (1:11:25) The Hapsburg empire isn't extensively covered in the book, yet it was a very old empire, with its dynasty dating back to the 11th century. The exact beginnings are unclear since it follows a family rather than a defined state, making the timeline a bit blurry. (1:13:34) We talk about the Marshall Plan. Would the Marshall Plan be effective in a kingdom-era setup? Plus, we talk about the idea of 'collective insanity' and how it can be seen as a form of self-governance, where a group loses its rationality as opposed to just an individual. (1:20:25) There were many overarching themes of the book and the war as a whole: From the end of the old European system to the transition from kingdoms to states. (1:24:01) Geographical positioning and how that plays a huge impact where you sit on the map. Much of the war is a downstream of geography. Some European countries were at a disadvantage based off of where they are on the map.  (1:30:25) How lives changed drastically because of the war. One day you're working your normal job and the next you're on the front lines of the war. (1:35:59) Neil and Adil give their final thoughts on the book, Gilbert's writing style, and what they took away from reading the book.  (1:38:47) That wraps up this episode! Stay tuned for our next episode where we'll be reading Endurance by Alfred Lansing. Make sure to pick up a copy of the book and head on over to our website to see what's next. If you enjoyed this episode, let us know by leaving a review on iTunes and tell a friend. As always, let us know if you have any book recommendations! You can say hi to us on Twitter @TheRealNeilS, @adilmajid, @nateliason and share your thoughts on this episode. You can now support Made You Think using the Value-for-Value feature of Podcasting 2.0. This means you can directly tip the co-hosts in BTC with minimal transaction fees. To get started, simply download a podcast app (like Fountain or Breez) that supports Value-for-Value and send some BTC to your in-app wallet. You can then use that to support shows who have opted-in, including Made You Think! We'll be going with this direct support model moving forward, rather than ads. Thanks for listening. See you next time!

Welcome to "The Ugly Truth About Human Toughness – Dan Carlin Reveals All," an insightful episode where we deep dive into the critical examination of human resilience and societal reactions to catastrophic events with the legendary host of Hardcore History, Dan Carlin. This episode is a must-watch for anyone fascinated by history, human behavior, and the unpredictable nature of our future.In this thought-provoking conversation, we explore whether modern society has lost its edge compared to historical counterparts. Are we as tough as the Greeks or the World War II generation? Dan Carlin's unique perspective on human toughness challenges mainstream views and invites you to think deeply about our collective ability to withstand adversity.We'll also tackle pressing questions about pandemics and global conflicts, reflecting on how humanity has reacted to such crises throughout history and what that means for our future. Our discussion spans from ancient Spartan eugenics to the potential of modern-day catastrophic events, providing a rich, analytical narrative that will captivate and engage you.Join the conversation and share your thoughts in the comments! Don't forget to like, subscribe, and hit the notification bell to stay updated. If you enjoyed this episode, check out Dan Carlin's book, "The End is Always Near," and immerse yourself in more of his riveting historical insights.Thank you for being part of this journey. Let's continue to explore, question, and understand the intricate fabric of human resilience together.___________________________________________________________________________⇩ SUPPORT OUR SPONSORS ⇩BRAVE TV HEALTH: Parasites are one of the main reasons that so many of our health problems happen! Guess what? They're more active around the full moon. That's why friend of the Show, Dr. Jason Dean, developed the Full Moon Parasite Protocol. Get 15% off now by using our link: https://bravetv.store/CYOLCOMMAND YOUR BRAND: Legacy Media is dying, we fight for the free speech of our clients by placing them on top-rated podcasts as guests. We also have the go-to podcast production team. We are your premier podcast agency. Book a call with our team https://www.commandyourbrand.com/book-a-call MY PILLOW: By FAR one of my favorite products I own for the best night's sleep in the world, unless my four year old jumps on my, the My Pillow. Get up to 66% off select products, including the My Pillow Classic or the new My Pillow 2.0, go to https://www.mypillow.com/cyol or use PROMO CODE: CYOL________________________________________________________________⇩ GET MY BEST SELLING BOOK ⇩Unremarkable to Extraordinary: Ignite Your Passion to Go From Passive Observer to Creator of Your Own Lifehttps://getextraordinarybook.com/________________________________________________________________DOWNLOAD AUDIO PODCAST & GIVE A 5 STAR RATING!:APPLE: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-create-your-own-life-show/id1059619918SPOTIFY: https://open.spotify.com/show/5UFFtmJqBUJHTU6iFch3QU(also available Google Podcasts & wherever else podcasts are streamed_________________________________________________________________⇩ SOCIAL MEDIA ⇩➤ X: https://twitter.com/jeremyryanslate➤ INSTAGRAM https://www.instagram.com/jeremyryanslate➤ FACEBOOK: https://www.facebook.com/jeremyryanslate_________________________________________________________________➤ CONTACT: JEREMY@COMMANDYOURBRAND.COM

This week marks the beginning of Embodied Ethics in The Age of A.I., a six-week online course led by writer and teacher Joshua Schrei, host of The Emerald Podcast.  This course is, in large part, inspired by an episode he wrote last year called “So You Want To Be A Sorcerer in The Age of Mythic Powers” — exploring the mythic dimensions of tech innovation and calling for a reclamation of initiatic mystery schools in order to provide us with the requisite self-mastery to wield tools like generative language models. I'm honored to be part of the all-star crew lined up to co-facilitate this course and as part of our pre-game sync and prep, I met with Josh to talk about the forces we've unleashed and how to live responsibly in a world where tech is, in Arthur C. Clarke's words, now undoubtedly “indistinguishable from magic.” We explore the need to pace ourselves and anchor novelty production in ecologies of accountability; what it means to raise kids well amidst the A.I. revolution; and why humans cannot seem to stop invoking power and powers greater than our understanding.If you enjoy this conversation, join us — and several dozen other awesome people — from 4/18-5/16 to learn and grow together and answer the call to better ourselves in service of this great historical unfolding!(Big big thanks to former Center for Humane Technology Innovation Lead Andrew Dunn, founder of The School of Wise Innovation, for everything you've done to help inspire and organize all of this…)Right after this course I will be in Denver for the 2024 ICON Future Human Conference and would love to see you there!  Use my link to grab yourself a conference pass and spend 5/16-5/19 with me and folks like Daniel Schmachtenberger, Marianne Williamson, Ken Wilber, Jeremy Johnson, Layman Pascal, and many more…✨ Support This Show & The Family It Feeds:• Subscribe on Substack or Patreon for COPIOUS extras, including private Discord server channels and MANY secret episodes• Make one-off donations at @futurefossils on Venmo, $manfredmacx on CashApp, or @michaelgarfield on PayPal• Buy the music on Bandcamp. This episode features:Tålmodighed (from Live at The Chillout Gardens, Boom Festival 2016)Gamma Pavonis (from Pavo: Music For Mystery)The Cartographers (from Get Used To Being Everything)• Buy the books we discuss at the Future Fossils Bookshop.org page and I get a small cut from your support of indie booksellers• Browse and buy original paintings and prints or email me to commission new work✨ Mentioned & Related Links:“Modern culture is ‘ahead of the one.' Modern culture is rushing to get somewhere.”* Josh Schrei on Howl In The Wilderness Podcast Episode 120Sam Arbesman's Cabinet of WondersDetermined: A Science of Life Without Free Will by Robert SapolskyRick Rubin and Dan Carlin discuss magicMichael Garfield w/ host Kiki Sanford on This Week In Science Episode 965“Information overload is a personal and societal danger” by Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteThe Glass Cage by Nicholas CarrFuture Fossils 172 - Tyson Yunkaporta on Indigenous Systems Thinking, Fractal Governance, Ontopunk, and Queering W.E.I.R.D. ModernityCenter for Humane TechnologyThe Age of Em by Robin Hanson“Scan Lovers” from How to Live in The Future by Michael Garfield at Boom Festival 2016Wisdom 2.0 Summit”The Techno-Optimist Manifesto” by Marc AndreessenIron John by Robert Bly“The Model Isn't The Territory, Either” by Douglas RushkoffDarwin's Pharmacy: Sex, Plants, and The Evolution of The Noosphere by Richard Doyle“Chief Philosophy Officer” by Peter Limberg“The Next Tech Backlash Will Be About Hygiene” by Jonnie Penn at TIME MagazineDouglas Rushkoff at Betaworks in 2023: “I Will Not Be Automated”Zohar Atkins (Website, Twitter)My comments on “Hallucination Is Inevitable: An Innate Limitation of Large Language Models” by Xu, et al.“For The Intuitives” (Part 1, Part 2) on The Emerald Podcast This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit michaelgarfield.substack.com/subscribe

The podcasting pioneer argues that "history is a moving target."

Show Notes: https://wetflyswing.com/574 Sponsors: https://wetflyswing.com/sponsors       We're thrilled to welcome Stuart Jordan and Ben Roberson, the brains behind the Guide Book Co. mobile app. In a world where finding the perfect fly fishing guide can be as challenging as landing the catch of the day, their app serves as a beacon, connecting passionate anglers with experienced guides. Today, they're here to spill the secrets on not just elevating your fly fishing game to new heights but also on how their innovative platform can streamline your journey to finding the ideal guide. So, tune in, as we dive into the essentials of matching with the right guide and making every trip to the water count! Episode Chapters with Ben Roberson and Stuart Jordan on Finding a Great Fly Fishing Guide 2:17 - With roots deeply embedded in the outdoor traditions of Kentucky, Stuart shares how his love for nature was ignited during a childhood hunting trip with his father, under the spectacular display of one of the century's biggest meteor showers. 4:31 - Growing up in Kentucky as well, Ben's early experiences with deer hunting and fishing in local lakes and ponds laid the foundation for his lifelong passion. Ben's journey from exploring fishing as a hobby to guiding others and eventually co-founding the Guide Book Co. app reflects his deep-seated love for fishing and his desire to connect others with the beauty and thrill of the sport. 6:12 - Ben shares how Kentucky's central location is a goldmine for anglers, offering easy road trips to a dozen or more states packed with top-notch fly fishing spots. Ben also highlights the Cumberland River's lesser-known trout fishery as a gem, with its trophy-sized catches just waiting to be discovered. 7:42 - Ben, a guide himself, shares some real talk about the struggles he faced—like missing bookings while out on the river, dealing with payment hassles, and the final straw, not having a place for a client to leave a review. These bumps led him and Stuart to brainstorm a fix for these common guide woes. 11:44 - Ben and Stuart tell us what sets Guide Book Co. apart. One of which is they're not about hefty fees or underhanded tactics; instead, they reinvest a portion of their earnings into marketing to help guides gain visibility. This approach not only supports guides in managing the nitty-gritty of business but also connects them with clients eager for their next outdoor adventure, ensuring a win-win for everyone involved. 16:15 - They share their approach to selecting guides for their platform. Their selection process is personal and thorough, ensuring each guide's profile is a true reflection of their expertise and passion. This hands-on approach guarantees that Guide Book's community of guides is top-notch, providing anglers with unforgettable fishing experiences. 28:15 - We dove into how they tackle online reviews and guide selection. Unlike the typical star-rating system, Guide Book opts for a more nuanced approach, asking clients to answer specific questions about their experience. They emphasize the importance of good guides rising to the top based on merit, not payment for better visibility. 36:55 - Ben highlights some of Kentucky's prime fishing spots, emphasizing the Cumberland River and notable lakes like Green River Lake and Lake Cumberland, famous for bass, striper, catfish, and the prized bluegill. For those seeking more information on these waters, Ben recommends the Bluegrass Trout Unlimited chapter, the Department of Fish and Wildlife website, and Kentucky Afield's YouTube channel. Additionally, he suggests the On Water app for exploring waterways, public lands, and access points, making it easier for anglers to discover new fishing spots in Kentucky. 40:18 - Stuart and Ben share some must-do Kentucky experiences, blending the state's renowned bourbon culture with its rich fly fishing opportunities. Ben adds that Kentucky is home to all the big names in bourbon, like Woodford Reserve and Buffalo Trace, emphasizing that true bourbon comes from Kentucky. 42:15 - They discuss their vision for expanding their guide service across the United States, highlighting current hotspots in Florida, the Pacific Northwest, and the Southeast, thanks to a partnership with Southern Culture on the Fly. They're keen on offering nationwide coverage and welcome feedback from fly anglers everywhere. 44:20 - We talk about the etiquette of tipping fishing guides, and Ben shares his insights, emphasizing the significance of gratuities in the guiding industry. Guide Book has integrated a feature for tipping in its trip completion process, offering suggested amounts and the convenience of tipping directly through the platform. 47:00 - Stuart reveals his current favorite for smallmouth bass fishing in Kentucky: the crawfish pattern, which he recommends for its effectiveness. Ben, on the other hand, leans towards trout fishing on the Cumberland River, praising the frenchie as his go-to fly due to its versatility and appeal to rainbow trout. 49:30 - We go into a candid discussion on personal vices and overcoming them. 53:02 - On their road trips, Ben and Stuart have unique preferences for keeping themselves engaged. Ben, a literature major with a master's degree in the field, prefers to immerse himself in audiobooks, making the most of his travel time by listening to literature through apps like Audible. Stuart, on the other hand, leans towards podcasts, specifically highlighting "Hardcore History" with Dan Carlin as his favorite, especially for long drives. Show Notes: https://wetflyswing.com/574  

This week we have another Throwback episode. In this episode, Tim Stoddart (⁠@timstodz⁠) and Ethan Brooks (⁠@damn_ethan⁠) touch on everything from old-time gunslingers to the Inc. 5000, including the story of a NYC entrepreneur who started a brilliant business with no money, and the dangers of audience capture. Cool Stuff Mentioned In The Show Two of the greatest history podcasts of all time: ⁠Dan Carlin's Hardcore History⁠ and ⁠Ben Wilson's How to Take Over The World⁠ ⁠Ethan's Favorite-ish History Book⁠ ⁠The First Man On Earth to Buy An iPhone⁠ ⁠The man who started a NYC biz with $0⁠ ⁠The Dangers of Audience Capture⁠ ⁠Tim's Guset Appearance on “If I Was Starting Today”⁠ Your personal assistant to grow & monetize your

From September 27, 2014: A few weeks ago, Benjamin Wittes began listening to a podcast called Hardcore History, which is the brainchild of a fellow named Dan Carlin. Carlin was doing a series of episodes on World War I, and Hardcore History is—let's just say—a different sort of podcast. The episodes are very long, very involved, and to Ben at least, completely riveting. Ben can't recommend it highly enough. Carlin, a former radio talk show host, also runs a podcast called Common Sense, which focuses on contemporary political issues and features Carlin's eclectic political views—many of which Ben disagrees with intensely. Literally millions of people are downloading Carlin's lectures on World War I and other major events in mostly military history. Ben caught up with Carlin this week to discuss the World War I series, Hardcore History more generally, and his views on matters surveillance, ISIS, and overseas intervention.Support this show http://supporter.acast.com/lawfare. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Most of us know that alcohol is poison, it makes us feel shitty, and rarely leads to much good. Despite knowing this, it's easy to get pressured into drinking even if you don't want to. This episode is for all my sober-curious friends, who want a fun-filled life without being dependent on alcohol (or any substance for that matter). You will learn about... - the benefits of quitting, or at least reducing, your consumption of alcohol - how to set boundaries around alcohol around friends, family, and your partner - the link between adderall and alcohol - why alcohol makes us more turned on + ideas for sober dating - how to regulate your emotions before turning to your substance of choice (whether that's drinking, smoking, or scrolling) Regardless if quitting drinking is right for you or not, you can be less dependent on substances and thus, more emotionally aware, connected, and present in your life. Amanda E. White is a licensed therapist and the creator of the popular instagram account @therapyforwomen. She is the host of the podcast, “Recovered-ish.” She is the author of the book “Not Drinking Tonight” and its corresponding workbook.  She is the founder  of the group therapy practice, Therapy for Women Center, based in Philadelphia serving clients across the country. She has been featured in notable publications such as Forbes, Washington Post, Shape, Women's Health Magazine, and more.  To learn more visit amandaewhite.com Follow Amanda on Instagram: @therapyforwomen Get Amanda's Not Drinking Tonight book here: https://amzn.to/400T5KM And if you enjoyed this episode, screenshot it and share it on social media! Make sure to tag @maryspodcast and @therapyforwomen Mentioned In This Episode... Dan Carlin's Hardcore History Podcast: https://www.dancarlin.com/hardcore-history-series/

In an age of information overload and devastating crises unfolding before our eyes, the importance of critical thinking and emotional regulation can not be understated. We must remain grounded and informed in the face of overwhelming news, opinions, and emotions. Tune in to learn Mary's 5-step process for coping with crisis. Note: This episode is not about political commentary. Rather, its focus is on sharing tools for processing horrific information on the internet so that you can remain physically and emotionally healthy even in the midst of intense crisis. While acknowledging the importance of humanitarian issues and social justice, this podcast is focused on self-love as a means to maintain personal well-being during challenging times. Remember: it's good to care about global, humanitarian issues but don't let it come at the expense of your own humanity and well-being. If you enjoyed this episode, screenshot it and tag @maryspodcast on social media! And make sure to get Mary's books two on self-love: - The Gift of Self-Love: https://maryscupoftea.com/gift-of-self-love. This is a self-love workbook that will help you build confidence, recognize your worth, and learn to finally love yourself. - 100 Days of Self-Love: maryscupoftea.com/journal. This is a guided journal with 100 prompts to help you calm self-criticism and learn to love who you are. Mentioned In This Episode... Why Has Social Media Made It Impossible to Follow the Israel-Hamas War? on the Offline Podcast with Jon Favreau: https://crooked.com/podcast/why-has-social-media-made-it-impossible-to-follow-the-israel-hamas-war/#:~:text=As fighting intensifies between Israel,content moderation and fact checking. TikTok on how it takes 90 seconds to metabolize an emotion: https://www.tiktok.com/t/ZT8haExJG/ The Lemon Tree book: https://amzn.to/3QwIcxb Byron Katie's 4 Liberating Questions: https://thework.com/2017/10/four-liberating-questions/ Dan Carlin's Hardcore History Podcast: https://www.dancarlin.com/hardcore-history-series/

This week, Emily Bazelon, John Dickerson, and David Plotz discuss the now-former Speaker of the House Kevin McCarthy and the for-now Republican Matt Gaetz; the Supreme Court's new term; and crime in America.   Here are some notes and references from this week's show: Marianna Sotomayor, Leigh Ann Caldwell, and Colby Itkowitz for The Washington Post: “Fight for speakership begins as House reels from McCarthy ouster” David Leonhardt for The New York Times: “America's Political Turmoil” Matt Ford for The New Republic: “The Supreme Court Eyes Its Next Big Power Grab” Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley for The American Presidency Project: “Summary of the Report of the Committee on Administrative Management [the Brownlow Report].” Ian Millhiser for Vox: “The Supreme Court will decide if abusive spouses have a right to own guns” Mark Sherman for AP: “Supreme Court is asked to reject limits on a drug used in the most common method of abortion” Andrew Chung for Reuters: “Supreme Court ethics concerns aren't going away” Ernesto Lopez, Richard Rosenfeld, and Bobby Boxerman for the Council on Criminal Justice: “Crime Trends in U.S. Cities: Mid-Year 2023 Update"  Rebecca Crosby, Judd Legum, and Tesnim Zekeria for Popular Information: “Target says it's closing 9 stores due to theft. The crime data tells a different story.” Trisha Ahmed and Jim Salter for AP: “Some small towns in America are disbanding police forces, citing hiring woes” Gabe Cohen for CNN: “Doubling up on classrooms, using online teachers and turning to support staff: How schools are dealing with the ongoing teacher shortage”  John Dickerson for CBS News: “Chronic school absences on the rise in 40 states, study finds” Michael D. Shear for The New York Times: “Bidens' Dog Is No Longer at White House After Latest Biting Incident” Molly Olmstead for Slate: “The Bidens' Dog Keeps Biting People. Why?” Judicial Watch: “Judicial Watch Sues Secret Service for Records of Attacks by Biden German Shepherd ‘Commander'”   Here are this week's chatters:  Emily: North Woods: A Novel by Daniel Mason and “Tiny Beautiful Things” on Hulu John: “Endeavour” on PBS; Daniel Garisto for Scientific American: “This Year's Physics Nobel Awards Scientists for Slicing Reality into Attoseconds”; John Uri for NASA: “65 Years Ago: Sputnik Ushers in the Space Age”; and Charles Fishman for Fast Company: “The birth of the electronic beep, the most ubiquitous sound design in the world” David: Paul M.M. Cooper's Fall of Civilizations Podcast and Dan Carlin's Hardcore History podcast Listener chatter from Danny O'Malley: “Canary”  For this week's Slate Plus bonus segment, Emily, John, and David discuss President Joe Biden's dog, Commander, his biting of Secret Service personnel, and his recent banishment from the White House.  In the next Gabfest Reads in October, David talks with Kristi Coulter about her book, Exit Interview: The Life and Death of My Ambitious Career.   Email your chatters, questions, and comments to gabfest@slate.com. (Messages may be referenced by name unless the writer stipulates otherwise.)   Podcast production by Cheyna Roth Research by Julie Huygen Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

This week, Emily Bazelon, John Dickerson, and David Plotz discuss the now-former Speaker of the House Kevin McCarthy and the for-now Republican Matt Gaetz; the Supreme Court's new term; and crime in America. Here are some notes and references from this week's show:Marianna Sotomayor, Leigh Ann Caldwell, and Colby Itkowitz for The Washington Post: “Fight for speakership begins as House reels from McCarthy ouster”David Leonhardt for The New York Times: “America's Political Turmoil”Matt Ford for The New Republic: “The Supreme Court Eyes Its Next Big Power Grab”Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley for The American Presidency Project: “Summary of the Report of the Committee on Administrative Management [the Brownlow Report].”Ian Millhiser for Vox: “The Supreme Court will decide if abusive spouses have a right to own guns”Mark Sherman for AP: “Supreme Court is asked to reject limits on a drug used in the most common method of abortion”Andrew Chung for Reuters: “Supreme Court ethics concerns aren't going away”Ernesto Lopez, Richard Rosenfeld, and Bobby Boxerman for the Council on Criminal Justice: “Crime Trends in U.S. Cities: Mid-Year 2023 Update" Rebecca Crosby, Judd Legum, and Tesnim Zekeria for Popular Information: “Target says it's closing 9 stores due to theft. The crime data tells a different story.”Trisha Ahmed and Jim Salter for AP: “Some small towns in America are disbanding police forces, citing hiring woes”Gabe Cohen for CNN: “Doubling up on classrooms, using online teachers and turning to support staff: How schools are dealing with the ongoing teacher shortage” John Dickerson for CBS News: “Chronic school absences on the rise in 40 states, study finds”Michael D. Shear for The New York Times: “Bidens' Dog Is No Longer at White House After Latest Biting Incident”Molly Olmstead for Slate: “The Bidens' Dog Keeps Biting People. Why?”Judicial Watch: “Judicial Watch Sues Secret Service for Records of Attacks by Biden German Shepherd ‘Commander'” Here are this week's chatters: Emily: North Woods: A Novel by Daniel Mason and “Tiny Beautiful Things” on HuluJohn: “Endeavour” on PBS; Daniel Garisto for Scientific American: “This Year's Physics Nobel Awards Scientists for Slicing Reality into Attoseconds”; John Uri for NASA: “65 Years Ago: Sputnik Ushers in the Space Age”; and Charles Fishman for Fast Company: “The birth of the electronic beep, the most ubiquitous sound design in the world”David: Paul M.M. Cooper's Fall of Civilizations Podcast and Dan Carlin's Hardcore History podcastListener chatter from Danny O'Malley: “Canary” For this week's Slate Plus bonus segment, Emily, John, and David discuss President Joe Biden's dog, Commander, his biting of Secret Service personnel, and his recent banishment from the White House. In the next Gabfest Reads in October, David talks with Kristi Coulter about her book, Exit Interview: The Life and Death of My Ambitious Career. Email your chatters, questions, and comments to gabfest@slate.com. (Messages may be referenced by name unless the writer stipulates otherwise.) Podcast production by Cheyna RothResearch by Julie Huygen Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

This week, Emily Bazelon, John Dickerson, and David Plotz discuss the now-former Speaker of the House Kevin McCarthy and the for-now Republican Matt Gaetz; the Supreme Court's new term; and crime in America.   Here are some notes and references from this week's show: Marianna Sotomayor, Leigh Ann Caldwell, and Colby Itkowitz for The Washington Post: “Fight for speakership begins as House reels from McCarthy ouster” David Leonhardt for The New York Times: “America's Political Turmoil” Matt Ford for The New Republic: “The Supreme Court Eyes Its Next Big Power Grab” Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley for The American Presidency Project: “Summary of the Report of the Committee on Administrative Management [the Brownlow Report].” Ian Millhiser for Vox: “The Supreme Court will decide if abusive spouses have a right to own guns” Mark Sherman for AP: “Supreme Court is asked to reject limits on a drug used in the most common method of abortion” Andrew Chung for Reuters: “Supreme Court ethics concerns aren't going away” Ernesto Lopez, Richard Rosenfeld, and Bobby Boxerman for the Council on Criminal Justice: “Crime Trends in U.S. Cities: Mid-Year 2023 Update"  Rebecca Crosby, Judd Legum, and Tesnim Zekeria for Popular Information: “Target says it's closing 9 stores due to theft. The crime data tells a different story.” Trisha Ahmed and Jim Salter for AP: “Some small towns in America are disbanding police forces, citing hiring woes” Gabe Cohen for CNN: “Doubling up on classrooms, using online teachers and turning to support staff: How schools are dealing with the ongoing teacher shortage”  John Dickerson for CBS News: “Chronic school absences on the rise in 40 states, study finds” Michael D. Shear for The New York Times: “Bidens' Dog Is No Longer at White House After Latest Biting Incident” Molly Olmstead for Slate: “The Bidens' Dog Keeps Biting People. Why?” Judicial Watch: “Judicial Watch Sues Secret Service for Records of Attacks by Biden German Shepherd ‘Commander'”   Here are this week's chatters:  Emily: North Woods: A Novel by Daniel Mason and “Tiny Beautiful Things” on Hulu John: “Endeavour” on PBS; Daniel Garisto for Scientific American: “This Year's Physics Nobel Awards Scientists for Slicing Reality into Attoseconds”; John Uri for NASA: “65 Years Ago: Sputnik Ushers in the Space Age”; and Charles Fishman for Fast Company: “The birth of the electronic beep, the most ubiquitous sound design in the world” David: Paul M.M. Cooper's Fall of Civilizations Podcast and Dan Carlin's Hardcore History podcast Listener chatter from Danny O'Malley: “Canary”  For this week's Slate Plus bonus segment, Emily, John, and David discuss President Joe Biden's dog, Commander, his biting of Secret Service personnel, and his recent banishment from the White House.  In the next Gabfest Reads in October, David talks with Kristi Coulter about her book, Exit Interview: The Life and Death of My Ambitious Career.   Email your chatters, questions, and comments to gabfest@slate.com. (Messages may be referenced by name unless the writer stipulates otherwise.)   Podcast production by Cheyna Roth Research by Julie Huygen Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

This week, Emily Bazelon, John Dickerson, and David Plotz discuss the now-former Speaker of the House Kevin McCarthy and the for-now Republican Matt Gaetz; the Supreme Court's new term; and crime in America. Here are some notes and references from this week's show:Marianna Sotomayor, Leigh Ann Caldwell, and Colby Itkowitz for The Washington Post: “Fight for speakership begins as House reels from McCarthy ouster”David Leonhardt for The New York Times: “America's Political Turmoil”Matt Ford for The New Republic: “The Supreme Court Eyes Its Next Big Power Grab”Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley for The American Presidency Project: “Summary of the Report of the Committee on Administrative Management [the Brownlow Report].”Ian Millhiser for Vox: “The Supreme Court will decide if abusive spouses have a right to own guns”Mark Sherman for AP: “Supreme Court is asked to reject limits on a drug used in the most common method of abortion”Andrew Chung for Reuters: “Supreme Court ethics concerns aren't going away”Ernesto Lopez, Richard Rosenfeld, and Bobby Boxerman for the Council on Criminal Justice: “Crime Trends in U.S. Cities: Mid-Year 2023 Update" Rebecca Crosby, Judd Legum, and Tesnim Zekeria for Popular Information: “Target says it's closing 9 stores due to theft. The crime data tells a different story.”Trisha Ahmed and Jim Salter for AP: “Some small towns in America are disbanding police forces, citing hiring woes”Gabe Cohen for CNN: “Doubling up on classrooms, using online teachers and turning to support staff: How schools are dealing with the ongoing teacher shortage” John Dickerson for CBS News: “Chronic school absences on the rise in 40 states, study finds”Michael D. Shear for The New York Times: “Bidens' Dog Is No Longer at White House After Latest Biting Incident”Molly Olmstead for Slate: “The Bidens' Dog Keeps Biting People. Why?”Judicial Watch: “Judicial Watch Sues Secret Service for Records of Attacks by Biden German Shepherd ‘Commander'” Here are this week's chatters: Emily: North Woods: A Novel by Daniel Mason and “Tiny Beautiful Things” on HuluJohn: “Endeavour” on PBS; Daniel Garisto for Scientific American: “This Year's Physics Nobel Awards Scientists for Slicing Reality into Attoseconds”; John Uri for NASA: “65 Years Ago: Sputnik Ushers in the Space Age”; and Charles Fishman for Fast Company: “The birth of the electronic beep, the most ubiquitous sound design in the world”David: Paul M.M. Cooper's Fall of Civilizations Podcast and Dan Carlin's Hardcore History podcastListener chatter from Danny O'Malley: “Canary” For this week's Slate Plus bonus segment, Emily, John, and David discuss President Joe Biden's dog, Commander, his biting of Secret Service personnel, and his recent banishment from the White House. In the next Gabfest Reads in October, David talks with Kristi Coulter about her book, Exit Interview: The Life and Death of My Ambitious Career. Email your chatters, questions, and comments to gabfest@slate.com. (Messages may be referenced by name unless the writer stipulates otherwise.) Podcast production by Cheyna RothResearch by Julie Huygen Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In this episode we ask: how do you become an active and informed citizen? What are the challenges of forming a coherent view of history and politics? What do you do if your foundational beliefs are coming into question? In a world full of noise, confusion, and fake news - we sit down with our guest the legendary podcaster Dan Carlin to uncover how we can make sense of today's confusing world. See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

This week worlds collide as the boys join forces for the first time ever with podcast luminary and mastermind behind "Hardcore History" - the legendary Dan Carlin.

Ty and Dan invite Dan Carlin from Hardcore History back on the podcast to discuss his deep love for all things Colorado Buffaloes and college football. How does he feel about the unorthodox nature of Deion Sanders' new regime? What's the historical comp for Colorado leaving the Pac-12 and rejoining its old conference? What happens to rivalries in the wake of widespread conference realignment? What are his gameday antics when the Buffaloes square off against the Nebraska Cornhuskers?Enter to win prizes in Grand Total and Run The Board, our two exclusive contests at Verballers.comThe Solid Verbal is available on Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Google Podcasts, Castbox and wherever you listen to podcasts.-Watch and subscribe to The Solid Verbal on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@solidverbal-Follow us on Twitter: @solidverbal, @tyhildenbrandt, @danrubenstein-Sign up for our free weekly newsletter: https://quickslants.solidverbal.com/subscribeSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

In this episode, we try to trace morality to its elusive foundations. Throughout the compilation we take a look at Sam's “Moral Landscape” and his effort to defend an objective path towards moral evaluation. We begin with the moral philosopher Peter Singer who outlines his famous “shallow pond” analogy and the framework of utilitarianism. We then hear from the moral psychologist Paul Bloom who makes the case against empathy and points out how it is more often a “bug” in our moral software than a “feature.” Later, William MacAskill describes the way a utilitarian philosophy informs his engagement with the Effective Altruism movement. The moral psychologist Jonathan Haidt then puts pressure on Sam's emphasis on rationality and objective pathways towards morality by injecting a healthy dose of psychological skepticism into the conversation. After, we hear a fascinating exchange with the historian Dan Carlin where he and Sam tangle on the fraught issues of cultural relativism. We end by exploring the intersection of technological innovation and moral progress with the entrepreneur Uma Valeti, whom Sam seeks out when he encounters his own collision with a personal moral failure.   About the Series Filmmaker Jay Shapiro has produced The Essential Sam Harris, a new series of audio documentaries exploring the major topics that Sam has focused on over the course of his career. Each episode weaves together original analysis, critical perspective, and novel thought experiments with some of the most compelling exchanges from the Making Sense archive. Whether you are new to a particular topic, or think you have your mind made up about it, we think you'll find this series fascinating.