POPULARITY
2 episodes with Yarmouk
4 episodes with Yarmouk
2 episodes with Yarmouk
2 episodes with Yarmouk
2 episodes with Yarmouk
2 episodes with Yarmouk
2 episodes with Yarmouk
3 episodes with Yarmouk
2 episodes with Yarmouk
Yarmouk refugee camp has been called home by displaced Palestinians in Syria since 1957. The Monitor's Taylor Luck shares the story of the part it plays in Syrian Palestinians' sense of belonging to a Palestine they have never seen. Also: today's stories, including the fracturing of South Sudan's power-sharing agreement as unease grows, how the cuts to Social Security operations are challenging Americans' views more broadly of what the government should and can do, and why a Wisconsin state Supreme Court race is shattering records already. Join the Monitor's Amelia Newcomb for today's news.
Yarmouk refugee camp has been called home by displaced Palestinians in Syria since 1957. The Monitor's Taylor Luck shares the story of the part it plays in Syrian Palestinians' sense of belonging to a Palestine they have never seen. Also: today's stories, including the fracturing of South Sudan's power-sharing agreement as unease grows, how the cuts to Social Security operations are challenging Americans' views more broadly of what the government should and can do, and why a Wisconsin state Supreme Court race is shattering records already. Join the Monitor's Amelia Newcomb for today's news.
A visit to the Yarmouk refugee camp and discussions with Syrians shatter the notions of the Assad regime, Iran, and Hezbollah being champions of the Palestinian cause.
28 janvier 2025 - Valentina Napolitano, sociologue, chargée de recherche à l'IRD et rattachée au LPED à l'Université d'Aix-Marseille.Modération: Mohamed-Nour Hayed, étudiant en Master de relations internationales à Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne.Retrouvez la vidéo: https://youtu.be/HjyFISHNp_gSuivez nos évènements sur les réseaux sociaux YouTube : @upiremmo Facebook : @institutiremmo X-Twitter : @IiReMMO Instagram : @institutiremmo LinkedIn : @Institut iReMMOSoutenez notre chaîne Lilo : @iremmo HelloAsso : @iremmo
Hadrat Abdullah ibn Amr ibn Al Aas (ra) Session 15 Abdullah ibn Amr (ra) seizes books on The Day of Yarmouk. 'Narrate from The Bani Israel for there is no harm'... (Bukhari). O People I ﷺ have been granted speech that is comprehensive, conclusive yet very concise. I ﷺ have also brought to you a Creed that is exceptionally pure. Therefore you need never be confused and allow yourselves to be deceived by the confused ones (Abu Ya'laa). One of the signs of The Hour is that evil people will be elevated and good people brought low. People will talk more and good deeds will be less & Al Mathnaah will be read to the people and no one will object. Al Mathnaah - any book based on a source other than The Book of Allah SWT (Haakim).
636 après J.-C. Les conquérants musulmans venus d'Arabie battent l'empereur byzantin Héraclius. C'est la bataille du Yarmouk, à côté du plateau du Golan. La Syrie, qui était chrétienne depuis des siècles, est conquise et devient terre d'islam. Que vont devenir les habitants de la Syrie de confession chrétienne ?Dans ce nouvel épisode du Moment Histoire, Guillaume Perrault, rédacteur en chef au Figaro, revient sur l'histoire des chrétiens en Syrie, du VIIe siècle jusqu'à aujourd'hui.Vous pouvez retrouver le Moment Histoire sur Apple Podcast, Spotify, Deezer, Amazon Music et toutes les plateformes d'écoutes.Montage et mixage : Astrid LandonHébergé par Ausha. Visitez ausha.co/politique-de-confidentialite pour plus d'informations.
Après 13 ans de guerre, la Syrie a aujourd'hui besoin d'aide humanitaire d'urgence. La Croix-Rouge a annoncé avoir besoin de 139 millions d'euros pour venir en aide à cinq millions de personnes. Certaines zones du pays sont également en ruines. C'est le cas du camp de réfugiés palestiniens de Yarmouk. Cette banlieue de Damas a été le théâtre d'affrontements du régime avec des groupes rebelles puis avec le groupe État islamique, avant d'être entièrement rasé. De nos envoyés spéciaux à Yarmouk,Dans le camp de Yarmouk, pas un immeuble n'est intact. Sur un amoncellement de gravats, Hani Hassan dirige la reconstruction d'une maison. Il commente :« Sur cette rue, avant, il y avait des agences d'assurances automobiles ! C'était très civilisé, mais en 2011 avec la révolution, tout a changé ! Le camp a été coupé du reste du monde par le régime. Les gens avaient faim, certains sont morts. Quand les forces rebelles sont parties de Yarmouk, le régime a forcé tout le monde à partir pour dix jours. L'aviation russe a frappé chaque bâtiment. Il ne reste pas un seul immeuble intact. »Comme presque tous ses anciens voisins, Hani Hassan est descendant de Palestiniens qui ont fui ou ont été expulsés lors de la création de l'État d'Israël en 1948 :« Je suis né en Syrie, mais je suis palestinien. Je n'ai pas de passeport. Je ne peux pas voyager. Ma sœur est en Jordanie, je ne peux pas la voir. J'ai trois frères et sœurs à Gaza. Tout le monde déteste les Palestiniens. On nous a massacré en Jordanie, au Liban, ici ! Les peuples arabes disent s'intéresser à notre sort, mais c'est faux, personne ne veut de nous dans son pays. Je vous le dis, nous sommes l'épine dans le pied du monde entier. » À lire aussiSyrie: malgré l'urgence humanitaire les combats continuent au sud de Damas Un espoir de reconstruction pour un retour des populationsDans une rue étroite aux immeubles sans façade, une jeune femme pousse la porte en métal d'un rez-de-chaussée. Les étages supérieurs ne sont plus que des pans de murs entassés. Dans la petite pièce isolée du froid et de la lumière, c'est la grand-mère Safane qui commande :« Nous habitions déjà ici avant la guerre avec mes quatre enfants. Moi, j'habitais au rez-de-chaussée et mes enfants dans les étages. Mais tout ce qui est au-dessus de notre tête a été détruit. Je suis revenue il y a deux ans, ma maison avait été brulée. Regardez le plafond, les murs ! Alors, nous reconstruisons tout petit à petit. Mais je préfère être ici. Ma maison, c'est ma dignité. »La jeune fille qui nous a ouvert la porte s'est assise discrètement dans la pénombre. Elle confie : « J'aimerais être psychologue pour aider les enfants d'ici. Ils souffrent énormément. Quand je suis arrivée ici, j'avais très peur. J'étais seule dans ce quartier, il n'y avait personne dans les rues. Et puis, finalement, d'autres familles sont revenues avec des filles de mon âge. On va ensemble au collège et j'ai accepté la réalité : je vais vivre ici. » Avec la chute du régime, les habitants du camp de Yarmouk espèrent bientôt recevoir de l'aide financière afin de les aider à reconstruire et d'encourager leurs voisins à revenir.À lire aussiIsraël vise à nouveau la Syrie, l'ONU demande l'arrêt des «frappes israéliennes», contraires au droit international
Après 13 ans de guerre, la Syrie a aujourd'hui besoin d'aide humanitaire d'urgence. La Croix-Rouge a annoncé avoir besoin de 139 millions d'euros pour venir en aide à cinq millions de personnes. Certaines zones du pays sont également en ruines. C'est le cas du camp de réfugiés palestiniens de Yarmouk. Cette banlieue de Damas a été le théâtre d'affrontements du régime avec des groupes rebelles puis avec le groupe État islamique, avant d'être entièrement rasé. De nos envoyés spéciaux à Yarmouk,Dans le camp de Yarmouk, pas un immeuble n'est intact. Sur un amoncellement de gravats, Hani Hassan dirige la reconstruction d'une maison. Il commente :« Sur cette rue, avant, il y avait des agences d'assurances automobiles ! C'était très civilisé, mais en 2011 avec la révolution, tout a changé ! Le camp a été coupé du reste du monde par le régime. Les gens avaient faim, certains sont morts. Quand les forces rebelles sont parties de Yarmouk, le régime a forcé tout le monde à partir pour dix jours. L'aviation russe a frappé chaque bâtiment. Il ne reste pas un seul immeuble intact. »Comme presque tous ses anciens voisins, Hani Hassan est descendant de Palestiniens qui ont fui ou ont été expulsés lors de la création de l'État d'Israël en 1948 :« Je suis né en Syrie, mais je suis palestinien. Je n'ai pas de passeport. Je ne peux pas voyager. Ma sœur est en Jordanie, je ne peux pas la voir. J'ai trois frères et sœurs à Gaza. Tout le monde déteste les Palestiniens. On nous a massacré en Jordanie, au Liban, ici ! Les peuples arabes disent s'intéresser à notre sort, mais c'est faux, personne ne veut de nous dans son pays. Je vous le dis, nous sommes l'épine dans le pied du monde entier. » À lire aussiSyrie: malgré l'urgence humanitaire les combats continuent au sud de Damas Un espoir de reconstruction pour un retour des populationsDans une rue étroite aux immeubles sans façade, une jeune femme pousse la porte en métal d'un rez-de-chaussée. Les étages supérieurs ne sont plus que des pans de murs entassés. Dans la petite pièce isolée du froid et de la lumière, c'est la grand-mère Safane qui commande :« Nous habitions déjà ici avant la guerre avec mes quatre enfants. Moi, j'habitais au rez-de-chaussée et mes enfants dans les étages. Mais tout ce qui est au-dessus de notre tête a été détruit. Je suis revenue il y a deux ans, ma maison avait été brulée. Regardez le plafond, les murs ! Alors, nous reconstruisons tout petit à petit. Mais je préfère être ici. Ma maison, c'est ma dignité. »La jeune fille qui nous a ouvert la porte s'est assise discrètement dans la pénombre. Elle confie : « J'aimerais être psychologue pour aider les enfants d'ici. Ils souffrent énormément. Quand je suis arrivée ici, j'avais très peur. J'étais seule dans ce quartier, il n'y avait personne dans les rues. Et puis, finalement, d'autres familles sont revenues avec des filles de mon âge. On va ensemble au collège et j'ai accepté la réalité : je vais vivre ici. » Avec la chute du régime, les habitants du camp de Yarmouk espèrent bientôt recevoir de l'aide financière afin de les aider à reconstruire et d'encourager leurs voisins à revenir.À lire aussiIsraël vise à nouveau la Syrie, l'ONU demande l'arrêt des «frappes israéliennes», contraires au droit international
Max Pearson presents a collection of the week's Witness History episodes.We hear the story of the pianist who played on when Damascus was bombed and the Christians who met in secret.Plus how William Golding wrote Lord of the Flies, the handover of Macau to China in 1999 and the start of the Ultimate Fighting Championship.This episode contains descriptions of violence, which some listeners may find distressing. Contributors: Aeham Ahmad - the Pianist of Yarmouk. Dr Gillian Howell - Senior Research Fellow at the University of Melbourne. Naghmeh Panahi - founder of a network of secret 'house churches' in Iran. Miguel Senna Fernandes - former member of the Macau Legislative Council. Judy Carver - William Golding's daughter. Campbell McLaren - co-creator of UFC.(Photo: Aeham Ahmad, the Pianist of Yarmouk and other Palestinian musician refugees in Damascus, in Syria, in 2014. Credit: Rame Alsayed/Anadolu Agency/Getty Images)
During the early years of Syria's brutal civil war, one neighbourhood close to the Syrian capital, Damascus, bore the brunt of the government's viciousness. During 2013-14, some 18,000 residents of Yarmouk, an area originally set up as a camp for Palestinian refugees, were continually subjected to bombardments from the air, or were shot at by army snipers or hit by mortar-fire. No one was allowed in or out of Yarmouk and many people came close to starvation – surviving only by eating grass, or dead animals. Palestinian musician, Aeham Ahmad, lived in Yarmouk with his family. Known as ‘the Pianist of Yarmouk,' Aeham tells Mike Lanchin about their struggle to survive the siege, and how music helped him overcome some of those dark days. Listeners may find parts of this story distressing.A CTVC production.Eye-witness accounts brought to life by archive. Witness History is for those fascinated by the past. We take you to the events that have shaped our world through the eyes of the people who were there. For nine minutes every day, we take you back in time and all over the world, to examine wars, coups, scientific discoveries, cultural moments and much more. Recent episodes explore everything from football in Brazil, the history of the ‘Indian Titanic' and the invention of air fryers, to Public Enemy's Fight The Power, subway art and the political crisis in Georgia. We look at the lives of some of the most famous leaders, artists, scientists and personalities in history, including: visionary architect Antoni Gaudi and the design of the Sagrada Familia; Michael Jordan and his bespoke Nike trainers; Princess Diana at the Taj Mahal; and Görel Hanser, manager of legendary Swedish pop band Abba on the influence they've had on the music industry. You can learn all about fascinating and surprising stories, such as the time an Iraqi journalist hurled his shoes at the President of the United States in protest of America's occupation of Iraq; the creation of the Hollywood commercial that changed advertising forever; and the ascent of the first Aboriginal MP.(Photo: Siege of Yarmouk. Credit: Getty Images)
Like many people experiment with poetry in their teenage years, Ghayath started by writing a love poem for a girl he liked. In his newest poetry bundle ‘I brought you a severed hand', Ghayath again writes a love poem entitled ‘I brought you Syria'. In it, the hopefulness of romantic love is combined with images of the horrors of occupation, exile, and extreme violence. Ghayath's family is from al-Majdal Asqalan. When Israel occupied it in 1948, his family was displaced into the Khan Younis refugee camp, his father being 6 months at that time. When his father turned 18 years old, the Israeli army arrested him and drove him into the Sinaï desert, leaving Ghayaths grandmother alone in Palestine. His father ended up in Syria, where he met Ghayath's mother, and Ghayath was born in the Yarmouk refugee camp there. Ghayath doesn't want to be a writer who is isolated from reality. He is a realistic artist who speaks truth to power and touches the wound. It is maybe his directness and dark humour that make his poems land so well in the Dutch literary landscape. redactie & interview: Annick van Rinsum beeld: Nicole Spakman
Maurizio Liberti"Libri al Castello"Racconigi (Cuneo)Dal 9 al 12 settembre la fortunata rassegna letteraria organizzata all'interno della residenza sabauda che quest'anno il programma prevede quattro serate, con altrettanti ospiti d'eccezione.Appuntamento a Racconigi dal 9 al 12 settembre 2024 per la seconda edizione di “Libri a Castello”, la fortunata rassegna letteraria organizzata all'interno della residenza sabauda racconigese a cura del Comune di Racconigi, del Gruppo di Lettura Carmagnola e del Lions Club Racconigi, in collaborazione con le Residenze reali sabaude – Direzione regionale Musei nazionali del Piemonte.Quest'anno il programma prevede quattro serate, con altrettanti ospiti d'eccezione: il pianista siriano-palestinese Aeham Ahmad (sul palco lunedì 9); il critico d'arte Vittorio Sgarbi (martedì 10); lo scrittore e autore televisivo Walter Rolfo (mercoledì 11) e il comico e musicista Rocco Tanica (giovedì 12).Aeham Ahmad, presenta il libro autobiografico “Il pianista di Yarmouk” (La nave di Teseo). È infatti divenuto un'icona mondiale dopo essere stato ripreso a suonare il proprio pianoforte tra le macerie dopo l'ennesimo bombardamento che aveva raso al suolo gran parte del campo profughi di Yarmouk, nei pressi di Damasco, nel quale è nato e cresciuto.Vittorio Sgarbi presenta il libro “Arte e Fascismo” (La nave di Teseo). È il critico d'arte più celebre d'Italia: laureato in Filosofia con specializzazione in Storia dell'Arte, è curatore di grandi mostre internazionali, scrittore di best seller, conduttore di trasmissioni tv e politico; si definisce “libero pensatore controcorrente e instancabile difensore dell'arte e della cultura”.Walter Rolfo presenta il libro “Le aziende felici lo fanno meglio” (Sperling & Kupfer). Ingegnere e psicologo, coach ed esperto di processi percettivi, insegna Ingegneria della Felicità al Politecnico e all'Università di Torino e lavora come formatore per grandi aziende. Ha all'attivo oltre mille programmi tv come autore, conduttore e produttore e detiene cinque Guinness World Record.Rocco Tanica presenta il libro “Scritti scelti male” (La nave di Teseo). Al secolo Sergio Conforti, è un musicista, compositore e comico italiano. Storico componente e autore del gruppo Elio e le Storie Tese, ha lavorato per il Cinema e la Televisione, oltre ad aver pubblicato altri due libri: Lo sbiancamento dell'anima (Mondadori) e Non siamo mai stati sulla terra (Il Saggiatore)Gli autori, dopo aver dialogato a partire dalle proprie opere, si renderanno disponibili per il firma-copie a fine incontro. Tutte le serate sono a ingresso gratuito e si svolgeranno nel cortile antistante il Castello di Racconigi a partire dalle ore 21. In caso di maltempo si terranno sotto l'Ala Mercatale Eventi, in via Carlo Costa 11, con accesso fino ad esaurimento posti. Non è prevista la prenotazione.Nelle quattro serate, apertura straordinaria serale della residenza sabauda e del percorso “Storie dal mondo in Castello”, con visite in gruppo accompagnate ogni mezz'ora dalle 19 alle 22:30 (ultimo ingresso alle ore 22). Informazioni allo 0172-84005.IL POSTO DELLE PAROLEascoltare fa pensarewww.ilpostodelleparole.itDiventa un supporter di questo podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/il-posto-delle-parole--1487855/support.
This is a free preview of a paid episode. To hear more, visit thesundaypaperpodcast.substack.comWe're continuing to play you readings from the articles that appear in Issue Three of The Sunday Paper. This week, we have Jasper Cohen-Hunter reading ‘Internalised Colonialism and the Inevitability of Resistance'. Jasper is a Wurundjeri, Woiwurrung Ngurai-illum man and a member of The Black Peoples Union.The BPU is a revolutionary organisation that aims to empower Indigenous people on this continent through the pursuit of full self-determination and sovereignty. The piece you're about to hear is a theoretical rationale for Indigenous led anti-colonial resistance, but that's not all it is, I spoke to National President Keiren Stewart-Assheton about what the BPU are doing right now to enact decolonisation and create the groundwork for revolution.The Sunday Paper has been made from conversations across many lands and lineages, including: Yuin, Kaurna, Wani-Wandi, Ngambri, Wangal, Wiradjuri, Wurundjeri Woiwurrung, Bidjigal, and Gamilaroi Nations; Palestine, including Hittin, Tarshiha, Akka, Tirat Haifa, and Deir Ghasseneh; Lebanon, including Beirut and Bourj el-Barajneh refugee camp; Syria, including Neirab refugee camp and Yarmouk refugee camp; Egypt; England; Ireland; China; Haudenosaunee Confederacy, specifically Tiohtià:ke.The theme music was made by DOBBY.The Sunday Paper Podcast is compiled, mixed and edited by Mell Chun.
This is a free preview of a paid episode. To hear more, visit thesundaypaperpodcast.substack.comFor this first full-length episode of The Sunday Paper Podcast, were bringing you the last piece from issue three of the paper, ‘Every Day Resistance' by Zeina KilaniZeina is a Palestinian refugee born on Turtle Island and living on Turrbal land. She is a mother, lawyer, researcher and writer.This piece was compiled by Tess Cullity, who also runs Slingshot Books, a radical publishing company for kids and their grown ups.Slingshot also publishes The Sunday Paper in a not for profit capacity, to ensure its enduring presence in the media landscapeWe'll be hearing more about Slingshot books in a coming episode, but for now, you'll hear Tess reading the subheadings and footnotes in Zeina's piece.The music is ‘Martyr Ghassan Kanafani', created by The Popular Front and compiled by Basedest Nasheeds.Thanks to Isaac Blank for help with the music.The Sunday Paper has been made from conversations across many lands and lineages, including: Yuin, Kaurna, Wani-Wandi, Ngambri, Wangal, Wiradjuri, Wurundjeri Woiwurrung, Bidjigal, and Gamilaroi Nations; Palestine, including Hittin, Tarshiha, Akka, Tirat Haifa, and Deir Ghasseneh; Lebanon, including Beirut and Bourj el-Barajneh refugee camp; Syria, including Neirab refugee camp and Yarmouk refugee camp; Egypt; England; Ireland; China; Haudenosaunee Confederacy, specifically Tiohtià:ke.The Sunday Paper Podcast is compiled, mixed and edited by Mell Chun
This introductory episode features:Zeina Kilani, Jasper Cohen-Hunter, Aphrodite Shomaly, Tara Alami, Hasib Hourani and Youssef IbrahimWith thanks to Shareeka HelaluddinThe music featured includes ‘Liberation of Palestine', by Songs of The Resistance and recordings from Free Palestine rallies on Wurundjeri LandThe Sunday Paper has been made from conversations across many lands and lineages, including: Yuin, Kaurna, Wani-Wandi, Ngambri, Wangal, Wiradjuri, Wurundjeri Wowurrung, Bidjigal, and Gamilaroi Nations; Palestine, including Hittin, Tarshiha, Akka, Tirat Haifa, and Deir Ghasseneh; Lebanon, including Beirut and Bourj el-Barajneh refugee camp; Syria, including Neirab refugee camp and Yarmouk refugee camp; Egypt; England; Ireland; China; Haudenosaunee Confederacy, specifically Tiohtià:ke. This is a public episode. If you'd like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit thesundaypaperpodcast.substack.com/subscribe
To Heraclius the Arabs were a backward people living in a desert wasteland. The Arabs he knew were an unsophisticated lot in constant conflict with each other, just barely eking out an existence under the unforgiving desert sun. The Arabs were not a military threat let alone a military power they were just a thorn in his side, But united for the first time under the banner of Islam, the Arabs unleashed a gale force wind that would sweep across the Middle East and blow as far East as China and West across North Africa.
As Israel crosses the genocidal threshold in Gaza, a regional summit in Riyadh protests, and issues an urgent call for a ceasefire. Yet the regional powers at that summit are guilty of equivalent crimes—Saudi Arabia in Yemen, and Iran and the Bashar Assad regime in Syria. Assad's propaganda chief Bouthaina Shaaban especially decried Israel's targeting of hospitals in Gaza. Yet as recently as last month, the Assad regime bombed hospitals in Syria's rebel-held north. Indeed, the Assad regime also savagely bombed and besieged Palestinians for months, at Yarmouk refugee camp outside Damascus. In Episode 200 of the CounterVortex podcast, Bill Weinberg notes with chagrin that key organizers of this month's National March on Washington for Palestine included pseudo-left "tankie" formations that actively support the genocidal Assad regime. They also now abet Russia's genocidal campaign in Ukraine, in which hospitals have been repeatedly targeted. This moral contradiction undercuts our effectiveness in advancing the urgent demand for a ceasefire in Gaza. Listen on SoundCloud or via Patreon. https://www.patreon.com/countervortex Production by Chris Rywalt We ask listeners to donate just $1 per weekly podcast via Patreon -- or $2 for our new special offer! We now have 60 subscribers. If you appreciate our work, please become Number 61!
El período que abarca desde el siglo VI hasta el siglo VII presenció uno de los encuentros más trascendentales en la historia: el choque entre el Imperio Bizantino y el nacimiento y expansión del Islam. Estos dos poderes, cada uno con sus propias raíces, valores y ambiciones, se encontraron en una encrucijada que daría forma al curso de la historia mundial. El Imperio Bizantino: Resplandor y Continuidad El Imperio Bizantino, heredero directo del Imperio Romano de Oriente, surgió como una potencia en sí misma después de la división del Imperio Romano en el año 395 d.C. Con su centro en Constantinopla (la actual Estambul), el imperio adoptó el cristianismo como su religión oficial, estableciendo una estrecha relación entre la Iglesia y el Estado. A lo largo de los siglos, Bizancio mantuvo un alto grado de organización administrativa y cultural, preservando elementos clave de la cultura clásica mientras adoptaba influencias orientales. El Imperio Bizantino enfrentó desafíos considerables, como las invasiones bárbaras y las luchas internas, pero logró sobrevivir y adaptarse. Sin embargo, su expansión se vio limitada principalmente a las áreas del Mediterráneo oriental y los Balcanes, mientras que en otras regiones surgían nuevas potencias. El Nacimiento y Expansión del Islam: Una Nueva Fuerza Emergente En la Arabia del siglo VII, surgió una nueva religión y una nueva identidad política: el islam. Fundado por el profeta Mahoma, el islam se basaba en la creencia en un solo Dios (Alá) y en la sumisión a su voluntad. Esta religión unificó a tribus árabes dispersas y estableció un sistema de valores éticos y morales. La rápida expansión del islam fue un fenómeno sorprendente. Desde su base en la Península Arábiga, los musulmanes conquistaron vastos territorios, incluidas partes del Imperio Bizantino, el Imperio Sasánida en Persia y el norte de África. Los imperios establecidos se vieron desafiados por esta fuerza en ascenso, que ofrecía un nuevo orden político y religioso. El Choque de Civilizaciones La expansión musulmana condujo inevitablemente a un enfrentamiento con el Imperio Bizantino. En el año 636, en la Batalla de Yarmouk, las fuerzas musulmanas infligieron una derrota decisiva al ejército bizantino, lo que les permitió avanzar hacia Siria y Palestina. Constantinopla se convirtió en un bastión bizantino, resistiendo los intentos de conquista musulmana y estableciendo un equilibrio de poder inestable a lo largo de las fronteras. A lo largo de los siglos, esta rivalidad definió gran parte de la política y la historia de la región. Constantinopla finalmente cayó en manos de los turcos otomanos en 1453, marcando el fin del Imperio Bizantino y el inicio de una nueva era. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Antena Historia te regala 30 días PREMIUM, para que lo disfrutes https://www.ivoox.com/premium?affiliate-code=b4688a50868967db9ca413741a54cea5 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Produce Antonio Cruz Edita ANTENA HISTORIA Antena Historia (podcast) forma parte del sello iVoox Originals ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- web……….https://antenahistoria.com/ correo.....info@antenahistoria.com Facebook…..Antena Historia Podcast | Facebook Twitter…...https://twitter.com/AntenaHistoria Telegram…...https://t.me/foroantenahistoria DONACIONES PAYPAL...... https://paypal.me/ancrume ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ¿QUIERES ANUNCIARTE en ANTENA HISTORIA?, menciones, cuñas publicitarias, programas personalizados, etc. Dirígete a Antena Historia - AdVoices Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals
El período que abarca desde el siglo VI hasta el siglo VII presenció uno de los encuentros más trascendentales en la historia: el choque entre el Imperio Bizantino y el nacimiento y expansión del Islam. Estos dos poderes, cada uno con sus propias raíces, valores y ambiciones, se encontraron en una encrucijada que daría forma al curso de la historia mundial. El Imperio Bizantino: Resplandor y Continuidad El Imperio Bizantino, heredero directo del Imperio Romano de Oriente, surgió como una potencia en sí misma después de la división del Imperio Romano en el año 395 d.C. Con su centro en Constantinopla (la actual Estambul), el imperio adoptó el cristianismo como su religión oficial, estableciendo una estrecha relación entre la Iglesia y el Estado. A lo largo de los siglos, Bizancio mantuvo un alto grado de organización administrativa y cultural, preservando elementos clave de la cultura clásica mientras adoptaba influencias orientales. El Imperio Bizantino enfrentó desafíos considerables, como las invasiones bárbaras y las luchas internas, pero logró sobrevivir y adaptarse. Sin embargo, su expansión se vio limitada principalmente a las áreas del Mediterráneo oriental y los Balcanes, mientras que en otras regiones surgían nuevas potencias. El Nacimiento y Expansión del Islam: Una Nueva Fuerza Emergente En la Arabia del siglo VII, surgió una nueva religión y una nueva identidad política: el islam. Fundado por el profeta Mahoma, el islam se basaba en la creencia en un solo Dios (Alá) y en la sumisión a su voluntad. Esta religión unificó a tribus árabes dispersas y estableció un sistema de valores éticos y morales. La rápida expansión del islam fue un fenómeno sorprendente. Desde su base en la Península Arábiga, los musulmanes conquistaron vastos territorios, incluidas partes del Imperio Bizantino, el Imperio Sasánida en Persia y el norte de África. Los imperios establecidos se vieron desafiados por esta fuerza en ascenso, que ofrecía un nuevo orden político y religioso. El Choque de Civilizaciones La expansión musulmana condujo inevitablemente a un enfrentamiento con el Imperio Bizantino. En el año 636, en la Batalla de Yarmouk, las fuerzas musulmanas infligieron una derrota decisiva al ejército bizantino, lo que les permitió avanzar hacia Siria y Palestina. Constantinopla se convirtió en un bastión bizantino, resistiendo los intentos de conquista musulmana y estableciendo un equilibrio de poder inestable a lo largo de las fronteras. A lo largo de los siglos, esta rivalidad definió gran parte de la política y la historia de la región. Constantinopla finalmente cayó en manos de los turcos otomanos en 1453, marcando el fin del Imperio Bizantino y el inicio de una nueva era. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Antena Historia te regala 30 días PREMIUM, para que lo disfrutes https://www.ivoox.com/premium?affiliate-code=b4688a50868967db9ca413741a54cea5 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Produce Antonio Cruz Edita ANTENA HISTORIA Antena Historia (podcast) forma parte del sello iVoox Originals ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- web……….https://antenahistoria.com/ correo.....info@antenahistoria.com Facebook…..Antena Historia Podcast | Facebook Twitter…...https://twitter.com/AntenaHistoria Telegram…...https://t.me/foroantenahistoria DONACIONES PAYPAL...... https://paypal.me/ancrume ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ¿QUIERES ANUNCIARTE en ANTENA HISTORIA?, menciones, cuñas publicitarias, programas personalizados, etc. Dirígete a Antena Historia - AdVoices Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals
Der palästinensisch-syrische Pianist Aeham Ahmad ist im Flüchtlingslager Yarmouk bei Damaskus aufgewachsen. Sein Vater, ein blinder Instrumentenbauer, hat ihm die Liebe zur Musik mitgegeben und ihn zum Klavierspielen ermutigt. Während des Bürgerkriegs in Syrien hat Aeham Ahmad begonnen, auf Strassen und öffentlichen Plätzen aufzutreten und mit den Kindern aus dem Quartier Musik zu machen. Videos von seinen Auftritten wurden in sozialen Netzwerken geteilt und das Bild mit dem Pianisten, der inmitten der Trümmer Klavier spielt, ging um die Welt. Seit seiner Flucht 2015 lebt er in Deutschland und gibt Konzerte. 2017 erschien seine Autobiografie «Und die Vögel werden singen». In Musik für einen Gast bei Eva Oertle erzählt Aeham Ahmad über seine glückliche Kindheit in Syrien, über seine Flucht nach Deutschland, aber auch darüber, warum er heute lieber eigene Musik macht als Beethoven zu spielen. Erstsendung: 19. Juni 2022
From August 15 to August 20, in the year 636, one of the most important battles in history took place. The participants in the battle couldn't have known it, but the results of that battle would shape world history for the next 1400 years. Much of the geography of the world today, can be traced back to the results from those six days. Learn more about the Battle of Yarmouk, one of the most important battles in world history, on this episode of Everything Everywhere Daily. Sponsors Expedition Unknown Find out the truth behind popular, bizarre legends. Expedition Unknown, a podcast from Discovery, chronicles the adventures of Josh Gates as he investigates unsolved iconic stories across the globe. With direct audio from the hit TV show, you'll hear Gates explore stories like the disappearance of Amelia Earhart in the South Pacific and the location of Captain Morgan's treasure in Panama. These authentic, roughshod journeys help Gates separate fact from fiction and learn the truth behind these compelling stories. InsideTracker provides a personal health analysis and data-driven wellness guide to help you add years to your life—and life to your years. Choose a plan that best fits your needs to get your comprehensive biomarker analysis, customized Action Plan, and customer-exclusive healthspan resources. For a limited time, Everything Everywhere Daily listeners can get 20% off InsideTracker's new Ultimate Plan. Visit InsideTracker.com/eed. Subscribe to the podcast! https://link.chtbl.com/EverythingEverywhere?sid=ShowNotes -------------------------------- Executive Producer: Charles Daniel Associate Producers: Peter Bennett & Thor Thomsen Become a supporter on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/everythingeverywhere Listen on Podurama: https://podurama.com Update your podcast app at newpodcastapps.com Discord Server: https://discord.gg/UkRUJFh Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/everythingeverywhere/ Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/everythingeverywheredaily Twitter: https://twitter.com/everywheretrip Website: https://everything-everywhere.com/ Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Un responsable de la sécurité présumé de l'Etat islamique (EI) ayant été actif aux alentours et dans le camp de réfugiés de Yarmouk, au sud de Damas, a été arrêté aux Pays-Bas
"Pourquoi tant de malheurs s'abattent-ils sur nous ? Où sont donc tous ces prodiges que nos pères nous ont racontés… ? En réalité, l'Éternel nous a abandonnés... Alors l'Éternel se tourna vers lui et dit : Va avec cette force que tu as… N'est-ce pas moi qui t'envoie ?” Juges 6.13-14J'ai fait la connaissance de celui qui est appelé "le pianiste des ruines". Il s'agit d'un jeune homme qui vivait à Yarmouk, dans la banlieue de Damas.
Der palästinensisch-syrische Pianist Aeham Ahmad ist im Flüchtlingslager Yarmouk bei Damaskus aufgewachsen. Sein Vater, ein blinder Instrumentenbauer, hat ihm die Liebe zur Musik mitgegeben und ihn zum Klavierspielen ermutigt. Während des Bürgerkriegs in Syrien hat Aeham Ahmad begonnen, auf Strassen und öffentlichen Plätzen aufzutreten und mit den Kindern aus dem Quartier Musik zu machen. Videos von seinen Auftritten wurden in sozialen Netzwerken geteilt und das Bild mit dem Pianisten, der inmitten der Trümmer Klavier spielt, ging um die Welt. Seit seiner Flucht 2015 lebt er in Deutschland und gibt Konzerte. 2017 erschien seine Autobiografie «Und die Vögel werden singen». In Musik für einen Gast bei Eva Oertle erzählt Aeham Ahmad über seine glückliche Kindheit in Syrien, über seine Flucht nach Deutschland, aber auch darüber, warum er heute lieber eigene Musik macht als Beethoven zu spielen.
Nidal Betare joins Joey Ayoub to talk about growing up in Yarmouk, being Palestinian-Syrian and the links between Syria, Palestine and Lebanon. Patreon: Patreon.com/firethesetimes Website: TheFireThisTi.Me Substack: thefirethesetimes.substack.com Twitter: twitter.com/fireTheseTimes Instagram: instagram.com/firethesetimes Recommended Books: Samir Kassir's books: ديمقراطية سوريا واستقلال لبنان: البحث عن ربيع دمشق، دار النهار، 2004 and عسكر على مين؟: لبنان الجمهورية المفقودة، دار النهار، 2004 Serhy Yekelchyk: Ukraine: What Everyone Needs to Know
This week, we take a special in-depth look at the Yarmouk camp on the outskirts of the Syrian capital Damascus. It was once home to the largest concentration of Palestinian refugees. During the Syrian civil war, Yarmouk was placed under a brutal siege from 2013 to 2015, leading it to be described as the "worst place on Earth". We speak to filmmaker Abdallah Al-Khatib, who chronicled this period in his documentary "Little Palestine (Diary of a Siege)".
C'est l'un des épisodes les plus sombres de la guerre en Syrie : le siège du camp de Yarmouk (de 2013 à 2015) par les forces gouvernementales. Avant le début du conflit, ce triangle de 2 kilomètres situé en banlieue de Damas servait de capitale non déclarée à la diaspora palestinienne et accueillait environ 150 000 réfugiés. Ils se sont retrouvés pris en étau entre l'armée de Bachar Al-Assad et des groupes rebelles. Abdallah Al-Khatib retrace cela comme un journal intime dans son documentaire "Little Palestine".
Subscribe to the podcast! https://podfollow.com/everythingeverywhere/ From August 15 to August 20, in the year 636, one of the most important battles in history took place. The participants in the battle couldn't have known it, but the results of that battle would shape world history for the next 1400 years. Much of the geography of the world today, can be traced back to the results from those six days. Learn more about the Battle of Yarmouk, one of the most important battles in world history, on this episode of Everything Everywhere Daily. -------------------------------- Diversify your portfolio by investing in fine art with Masterworks. Visit https://www.masterworks.io/ -------------------------------- Associate Producers: Peter Bennett & Thor Thomsen Become a supporter on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/everythingeverywhere Update your podcast app at newpodcastapps.com Discord Server: https://discord.gg/UkRUJFh Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/everythingeverywhere/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/everywheretrip Website: https://everything-everywhere.com/everything-everywhere-daily-podcast/ Everything Everywhere is an Airwave Media podcast." or "Everything Everywhere is part of the Airwave Media podcast network Please contact sales@advertisecast.com to advertise on Everything Everywhere. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices
Khalid ibn al-Walid's life had taken a full 360 turn.Throwing family tradition aside he'd embraced Islam and helped Muhammad smash the old idols he had once worshipped.He was quickly becoming The Prophet's favoured general, who gave him the title Sayfullah (The Sword of God). But the newly minted army of Islam was about to face a monumental challenge. Peeking over the northern border of The Caliphate sat the two largest empires in the known world: Rome and Sassanid Persia.The rapid spread of Islam had shocked them into an alliance, and now the full military might of these ancient juggernauts was about to bought down upon Khalid and his army.In the fertile fields of the Yarmouk gorge world history was about to be made...Listen in to learn how Islam rose to become one of the largest religions in the world!(Part 2 of 2)Join The Anthology on Instagram for extra content related to this episode! (https://www.instagram.com/anthologyofheroes/)Supporting Pictures/Sources/Further Reading/Attributions are available in episode links.A Little History Podcast can be found here. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.
“Ket Buqa Noyan kept attacking left and right with all zeal. Some encouraged him to flee, but he refused to listen and said, “Death is inevitable. It is better to die with a good name than to flee in disgrace. In the end, someone from this army, old or young, will reach the court and report that Ket Buqa, not wanting to return in shame, gave his life in battle. The padishah should not grieve over lost Mongol soldiers. Let him imagine that his soldiers' wives have not been pregnant for a year and the mares of their herds have not folded. [...]The life or death of servants like us is irrelevant.” Although the soldiers left him, he continued to struggle in battle like a thousand men. In the end his horse faltered, and he was captured. [...] After that, Ket Buqa was taken before Quduz with his hands bound. “Despicable man,” said Quduz, “you have shed so much blood wrongfully, ended the lives of champions and dignitaries with false assurances, and overthrown ancient dynasties with broken promises. Now you have finally fallen into a snare yourself.”[...] “If I am killed by your hand,” said Ket Buqa, “I consider it to be God's act, not yours. Be not deceived by this event for one moment, for when the news of my death reaches Hülägü Khan, the ocean of his wrath will boil over, and from Azerbaijan to the gates of Egypt will quake with the hooves of Mongol horses. They will take the sands of Egypt from there in their horses' nose bags. Hülägü Khan has three hundred thousand renowned horsemen like Ket Buqa. You may take one of them away.” So the great Ilkhanid vizier and historian Rashid al-Din records the heroic, and certainly greatly dramatized, account of Kitbuqa Noyan's final stand at the battle of Ayn Jalut in September 1260. This was the famous Mongol defeat at the newly established, and rather fragile, Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt. The Mongols however, did not see it as an irreversible cataclysm, but the defeat of a small force which would soon be avenged, for Heaven demanded nothing less. The defeat of the Mongols at Ayn Jalut in 1260 was not the end of the war between the Mongols and the Mamluks, and over the next 50 years Hulegu's successors, the Ilkhans, tried repeatedly to avenge their losses only to be halted by the Mamluks' valiant resistance. Here, we will look at the efforts by the Mongol Ilkhanate to bring their horses to the Nile. I'm your host David, and this is Kings and Generals: Ages of Conquest. First, we should note that for anyone wishing to read more about the war between the Mongols and the Mamluks, the most detailed work on the subject can be found in Reuven Amitai-Preiss' Mongols and Mamluks: The Mamluk-Ilkhanid War, released in 1995. No other work details the entire conflict and its sources so fully, and is an absolute must read for anyone desiring the most effective overview on the subject possible. With the death of Grand Khan Mongke in 1259, the Mongol Empire was irrevocably broken: while Hulegu and his successors stayed on good terms with his brother Khubilai, the nominal Great Khan, Hulegu was independent, ruler of vast domain stretching from Anatolia to the Amu Darya, known as the Ilkhanate. Hulegu's cousins in the neighbouring Golden Horde, Chagatai Khanate and the Neguderis were almost immediately antagonistic to the Ilkhans, who found themselves defending their distant frontiers from all three, in addition to internal revolts. For the Ilkhans, the Mamluks were but one frontier amongst several, one they could turn to only when the threat from the other Khanates was low. More often than not, this simple fact prevented any great Ilkhanid invasion of the Mamluk state. For the Mamluks though, their border with the Ilkhanate along the Euphrates river was of utmost importance. In the aftermath of Ayn Jalut, the Mamluk Sultan Qutuz was assassinated by the energetic Baybars, who had fought alongside Qutuz against Kitbuqa. We introduced Baybars back in episode 30 of this podcast. While much credit can be given to Qutuz and the quality of the Mamluk soldiery for the victory at Ayn Jalut, the reason for continued Mamluk successes against the Mongols can be attributed to Baybars. A Qipchaq from the great Eurasian steppe, as a young boy Baybars had been sold into slavery to the Ayybuid Sultan of Egypt. There, Baybars was converted to Islam and received extensive training in all matter of military affairs. An excellent soldier, coupled with immense ambition, endurance and drive, Baybars understood clearly the danger the Mongols posed, and set up his entire kingdom to defend against them. The new Sultan greatly expanded the Mamluk regiments, encouraging good relations with the Golden Horde, Genoese and Byzantine Empire to keep up the flow of Turkic slave soldiers from the Eurasian steppe, over the Mediterranean to the ports of Egypt. He established a sophisticated intelligence network to inform him on the Ilkhanate and spread misinformation within it, supported by a system of signal towers, messenger pigeons, improved roads, bridges and relay stations to rapidly send messages. This was the barid, which served as the Mamluks' answer to the Mongol yam system. Its riders reported directly to the Mamluk Sultan. Frontier fortifications along the Euphrates River like al-Bira and al-Rahba were strengthened, and they served as the first line of defence when the armies of the Ilkhanate advanced. When messengers raced down from Syria to Egypt with news of a Mongol assault, Baybars would immediately march with an army from Cairo to meet them head on. More often than not, the Mongol attack party would return to the Ilkhanate rather than face Baybars head on. His swift reaction kept border officials loyal, feeling their Sultan would soon be there to assist them, or to punish defections. Rather than face the Mongols in battle, garrisons of cities in Syria past the Euphrates border were ordered to withdraw and regrouped at designated locations during invasions, facing the Mongols with united forces or awaiting the Sultan. Baybars would not allow the Mongols to overrun his empire piecemeal, as they had the Khwarezmian Empire some forty years prior. Baybars cultivated relations with bedouin nomads across Syria, who provided valuable auxiliaries, intelligence and also to keep them from allying with the Mongols. Finally, he strengthed his position domestically, controlling the economy and appointing his own Caliphs to legitimize himself, presenting himself as the defender of Islam. Baybars prepared his entire kingdom for Mongol attacks, a highly effective system the Ilkhanate struggled against. For the Ilkhans, the theater with the Mamluks was a sideshow, one to attack only when other frontiers were secured. The Mamluk Sultanate itself had no hope of conquering the Ilkhanate or seriously threatening it, so the various Ilkhans felt no great rush to overwhelm the Mamluks. In contrast, for the Mamluks the Ilkhanid border was of utmost importance: Baybars had to levy almost entirety of the Mamluk army to repel the Mongols, and thus not even a single defeat could be afforded for it would allow the Mongols to overrun Egypt, and the remainder of the Islamic west. Thus did Baybars finetune a system that proved remarkably successful at defending against the house of Hulegu, although it demanded great personal ability on the part of the monarch, and Baybars' successors struggled to compare to his vision. Soon after Ayn Jalut in September 1260, a Mongol force of about 6,000 returned to Syria that December. Commanded by Baydar, an officer of Kitbuqa who had escaped Qutuz and Baybars' great advance earlier that year, it was a serious threat. At that time Sultan Baybars had not tightened his hold over Syria, attacks by the Crusader states had wrought further confusion, and some of Qutuz's loyalists had rebelled against Baybars' rule, one of whom even declared himself sultan. There is implication in the Mamluk sources that the attack was not launched on Hulegu's order, but Baydar's own initiative to avenge Kitbuqa. As his army marched, they found that the garrisons of Syria had retreated before them. Placing a governor in Aleppo and other major cities, as the Mongols neared Homs they found the combined garrisons of Homs, Hama and Aleppo had retreated there and rallied before them. Greatly outnumbering the Syrian forces, perhaps 6,000 troops under Baydar to 1,400 under the Syrians, Baydar was ultimately defeated in battle, the Syrians aided by thick fog and the timely flanking of local Bedouin. Coincidentally, it was fought near the grave of Khalid ibn al-Walid, the great commander of the early Islamic conquests and victor at Yarmouk, which earned it double the symbolic value. This first battle of Homs, as it was to become known, strengthened the feeling that the Mongols were not invincible. The Mongol army outnumbered the Mamluk garrisons, and keenly demonstrated the importance of unified defense rather than each garrison hiding behind city walls. For many Mamluk writers, it was the first battle of Homs that stood as the great victory over the Mongols, rather than Ayn Jalut. It was also the last major Mongol offensive into Syria in the 1260s. Hulegu spent the next years fighting with Berke Khan of the Golden Horde over the valuable territory of Azerbaijan, which Berke believed belonged to the house of Jochi. With Hulegu's death in February 1265, he was succeeded by his son Abaqa, who was distracted by Jochid attacks and the efforts of setting up a new empire. By then, the most entrenched Sultan Baybars could solidify his defences, and turn to the isolated Crusader strongholds. By this time, little remained of the former Crusader Kingdoms, baring some coastal cities like Antioch, Tripoli and Acre and a few inland fortresses like Krak des Chevaliers and Montfort. The Crusader States had shown neutrality to the Mongols, or even joined them such as the County of Tripoli in 1260 after the Mongols entered Syria. Their neutrality or allegiance to the Mongols, in addition to the possibility of them acting as a foothold to further European troops, meant that the Mamluks would unleash bloody vengeance on them whenever the opportunity arose. From February to April 1265 in the immediate aftermath of Hulegu's death, Baybars conquered Caesarea, Haifa, Arsuf, Galilee and raided Cilician Armenia, the vassals of the Ilkhanate. In 1268 Baybars took Antioch, and in 1270-71 when Abaqa was fighting with Chagatayid and Neguderi armies in the far east, Baybars took the fortresses of Krak des Chevaliers and Montfort, and planned to attack Tripoli, another Ilkhanid vassal. Though it remains popular in some circles to portray the Mamluk conquest of the Crusader holdouts as titanic clashes, they were side affairs, undertaken by the Mamluks whenever the Ilkhans were occupied. Such was the slow and humiliating coup de grace which ended the Crusader states. The Mamluks' ending of the Crusader kingdoms certainly served them strategically, for it was the most effective way to prevent any link up between European and Mongol forces. Hulegu and his successors sent letters to the Kings and Popes of Europe, encouraging them to take up crusade against the Mamluks and together defeat them, offering to return Jerusalem and other holy sites back into Christian hands, but this almost always fell on deaf ears or were greeted with empty promises. Louis IX's highly organized crusades had resulted in utter debacles at Mansura in 1250 and Tunis in 1270, which dampened whatever minor enthusiasm for crusade was left in Europe. Few European monarchs ever seriously took up Mongol offers at military alliances, with two exceptions. King James I of Aragon found himself the most motivated by the Il-Khan Abaqa's requests, encouraged by the promises of the Ilkhanate's logistical and military support once they reached the mainland. James made his preparations, and launched a fleet in September 1269. An unexpected storm scattered the fleet, and only two of James' bastard children made it to Acre, who stayed only briefly, accomplishing little there before departing. This was soon followed by the arrival of prince Edward of England, the future King Edward I, at Acre in May 1271 with a small force, and Abaqa sent an army under Samaghar, the Mongol commander in Rum, to assist him: but Samaghar's force withdrew with the arrival of Baybars. Edward's troops performed poorly on their own minor raids, and set sail for England in September 1272. One of the commanders who took part in Samaghar's raid was Mu'in al-Din Sulaiman, better known as the Pervane, from sahib pervana, the keeper of the seals, though it literally means “butterfly.” The Pervane was the dominant figure of the rump state of the Seljuqs of Rum: when the previous Mongol installed Seljuq Sultan, Kilij Arlan IV, had challenged the Pervane, he succeeded in getting Abaqa to execute the Sultan and instate Arslan's young son, a toddler enthroned as Ghiyath al-Din Kaykhusraw III. Thus did the Pervane, in coordination with Samaghar Noyan, act as the master of Anatolia. Essentially co-governors, Samaghar and the Pervane had a stable relationship, enriching themselves along the way. But when Abaqa appointed his younger brother Ejei to oversee the Pervana and Samaghar. The Pervane chafed under the increased financial burden and supervision, and asked Abaqa to recall his brother, claiming Ejei was in cooperation with Baybars. Abaqa promised to recall him, but delayed. In his frustration, the Pervane himself reached out to Baybars. The Sultan's curiosity was piqued, but didn't commit; by the time his response reached the Pervane in 1274, Ejei and Samaghar had been replaced by Toqa Noyan, and the Pervane didn't respond. Under Toqa Noyan, Mongol pressure was even greater in Anatolia, and the Pervane's powers were more limited than ever. What followed was a terrible mess of political machinations. The Pervane got Toqa Noyan removed, Ejei was reinstated, the Pervane's efforts to remove Ejei again frustrated Abaqa, who removed Ejei, killed some of his followers and reinstated the Pervane and Toqa Noyan. In November 1275, the Mongols besieged al-Bira, but Baybars had learned of it in advance allegedly due to contacts with the Pervane. After this, the Pervane was careful to rebuild trust with Abaqa, bringing him the Seljuq Sultan's sister to wed. At the same time, with or without the Pervane's support a group of Rumi amirs met with Baybars in July 1276, urging him to attack. Judging there was enough support in Rum for him he agreed, and Baybars mobilized his army over winter 1276, setting out in February 1277. As Baybars sped up the Levantine coast, the Pervane rapidly lost control of Rum as various Turkmen rebelled and a new Mongol army under Tudawan cracked down on the amirs who had contacted Baybars. In Syria, Baybars sent a diversionary force from Aleppo over the Euphrates, while his main army entered Anatolia in early April. After pushing off a Mongol advance force of 3,000 in the Taurus Mountains, news reaches Baybars that Tudawun was camped close by on a plain near the town of Abulustayn (Elbistan) and set out for them, the armies meeting on the 15th of April 1277. Tudawan's army was about 14,000 Mongols, Turk and heavily armoured Georgian cavalry was joined by an army of Rumi troops similar size under the Pervane, but Tudawan distrusted them, and kept them away from his lines. Tudawan's scouts had failed to judge the size of the Mamluk army, which he believed to be smaller and lacking Baybars. In reality, the Mamluks outnumbered the Mongols by a few thousand. As the Mamluks entered the plain at the narrow end they were unable to properly form up, and their centre was positioned before their left wing. The Mongol left flank began the battle, sending arrows into the Mamluk standard bearers in the centre before charging them. The Mamluk centre buckled under the charge, and the more exposed Mamluk left wing was similarly pounded by the Mongol right. The situation was critical for the Mamluks: likely at this stage, their bedouin irregulars fled. Baybars sent in his reserve, the garrison of Hama, to reinforce his left, and succeeded in forcing back the Mongols. A brief respite allowed the Mamluks to better deploy their lines, and counterattack. The Mongols fought fiercely, but the greater number of the Mamluks made the difference. Gradually forced back over the course of the day, their horses exhausted and unable to access remounts, the Mongols dismounted, signalling they were fighting to the death. With great struggle, the Mamluks defeated them and killed their commanders. The Rumi army took little part in the battle and dispersed, the Pervane escaping, with one of his sons captured by Baybars. The next day the Mamluk Sultan marched for Kayseri, reaching it on April 20th. Baybars ordered the Pervane and the Seljuq Sultan to him, but the Pervane held out in his own castle. Both realized that Baybars would not be able to hold this position, deep in enemy territory, supplies low and the rest of his kingdom unprotected while a furious Abaqa rallied his army. 5 days after entering Kayseri, Baybars was en route back to Syria and though his vanguard deserted to the Mongols, by June he was in Damascus. Abaqa arrived in Rum too late to catch Baybars, and in his fury was only narrowly persuaded out of massacring everything between Kayseri and Erzerum, while the summer heat kept him from invading Syria. He was able to catch the Pervane though, and put him to death: allegedly, his flesh was eaten by Abaqa and the senior Mongols. Thus ended one of Baybars' most skillfully executed campaigns: lightning quick and devastating, creating a terrible mess for the Ilkhanate, though in itself brought no strategic gain or shift in the status quo. It was a great shock when the Lion of Egypt suddenly died at the beginning of July 1277 soon after his return. Baybars had hoped to establish a dynasty: he was seamlessly succeeded by his older son, named al-Sa'id Berke. The new Sultan quickly antagonized the Mamluk emirs through his efforts to limit their powers, and was forced to abdicate in favour of his younger brother, the 7 year old Sulamish. The boy was nothing but a puppet, and his guardian, one of the late Baybars' Mamluks named Qalawun, soon forced the boy out and took power himself in November 1279. Like Berke, Qalawun had been taken from the Qipchap steppe and sold as a Mamluk. He had loyally served Baybars and proven himself an able commander, though something of a schemer. Though Qalawun's line came to dominate the Mamluk Sultanate for essentially the next century, initially Qalawun faced stiff opposition in attempting to assert his authority. This disruption in the Sultanate was a golden opportunity for Abaqa, who decided it was time to press the Mamluk frontier. To this, he decided to put his younger brother Mongke-Temur to the task. Prince Mongke-Temur first raided Syria in November 1280 with King Lewon III of Armenian Cilicia, Bohemond VII of Tripoli and a contingent of Knights Hospitaller. In September 1281, Mongke-Temur returned again, a large force of perhaps 40-50,000 Mongols, Armenians under Lewon III, Georgians, Franks and troops from Seljuq Rum. Abaqa initially followed with another army, but may have been forced to hold due to rumours of an attack by the Golden Horde at Derbent. The Mongol invasion provided a common enemy to unite the Mamluk factions fighting for power, and under Qalawun they advanced, reinforced by Syrian garrisons and bedouins. They reached Homs a few days before the Mongols in late October, giving Qalawun's troops a chance to dig in and rest on the plain north of the city. Their preparations were improved as a Mongol defector informed them of Mongke-Temur's battle plan. Most of the Mongol army was to be placed in the center with the right wing also strong, intending to overpower the Mamluk left and centre where the Sultan's banners would be. Qalawun thus reinforced his left wing, and positioned himself on a hill behind the vanguard to oversee the battle and act as reserve. Marching through the night, the Mongols arrived early on the 29th of October, 1281. It was a massive front, over 24 kilometres in length due to the size of both armies. The wings of both forces, so far apart, had little knowledge of what was occurring on the other side. While tired from the night march, the Mongols were eager: the battle was initiated when the Mongol right under Alinaq charged forth. The Mamluk left and part of their centre crumpled and routed under the onslaught. Alinaq continued his pursuit, and here Mongke-Temur's inexperience and the scale of the battlefield began to tell. Proper communication with the command seemingly absent, Alinaq pursued the fleeing Mamluks off the battlefield, as far as the Lake of Homs where they dismounted to rest, evidently anticipating the rest of the army would soon arrive. A similar charge by the Mongol left wing lacked the numbers of the Mongol right, so the Mamluk right and centre were able to hold and counterattack. Qalawun's actual role in this counterattack isn't clear: some sources have him personally lead the attack, while in others he kept his position hidden, not even raising his banners so as to avoid Mongol arrows. The Mamluks pushed back the Mongol right and the bedouin came around to hit the Mongol flank. The Mongol right fell back to the centre, which under Mongke-Temur was being held in reserve. In the resulting confusion, perhaps thrown by his horse, Mongke-Temur was injured and unable to command. Most of the Mongols then dismounted to make a final stand around the prince, and ultimately routed under the Mamluk assault. The Mamluks chased the fleeing Mongols right to the border with the Ilkhanate, many drowning in the Euphrates or dying in the desert: so deadly was this rout that Mamluk authors said more Mongols were killed in flight than in the actual battle. Qalawun and a small guard remained on the battlefield: they were forced to hide their banners and stay silent when the Mongol right wing finally returned to the battlefield, too late to turn the tide. It seems it was able to take an orderly retreat back into the Ilkhanate. Abaqa was furious at this loss, and intended to return the next year, but died in April 1282. As we have covered in our previous episodes, Abaqa's successors were not blessed with his same longevity or stability, and until 1295 the Ilkhanate saw a succession of short lived monarchs and infighting, internal revolts and renewed attacks by the Golden Horde. Though the succeeding Ilkhans continued to demand Mamluk submission, send threatening letters and continue to attempt an alliance with European powers, nothing materialized beyond border raids and skirmishes in both directions. For the time being, the immediate Mongol threat to the Mamluks had ended, and Sultan Qalawun turned to the remaining Frankish strongholds, all possible beachheads for European armies coming to assist the Ilkhans. Armenian Cilicia was pillaged, remaining inland Crusader strongholds were taken, and in April 1289 the Mongols' vassal Tripoli fell. After the death of Abaqa's son Arghun Il-Khan in March 1291, the Mamluks used the resulting distraction in the Ilkhanate to take the final major Frankish city in the Holy Land, Acre, leaving them with but miniscule holdings which fell in the following years. So ended 200 years of Crusader Kingdoms. Following Qalawun's death in 1290, he was succeeded by his son al-Ashraf Khalil. A fearsome military commander, it was he who led the push to seize Acre and the final Crusader holdings of note. Yet he did not long to enjoy the throne, and was assassinated in the last days of 1293 due to his efforts to curb the power of the existing Mamluk emirs. With his assassination, the Mamluks entered a period of political instability over the Sultanate. Initially his younger brother al-Nasir Muhammad was placed on the throne, still a child and without any real power. After a year as Sultan he was forced out by his guardian and regent, a Mamluk named, of all things, Kitbuqa. Apparently of Mongol origin, he had been taken captive by the Mamluks at the first battle of Homs in 1260, and made in turn a Mamluk, that is, a slave soldier. Kitbuqa's reign as Sultan was not particularly notable, mostly marked by intense political infighting and machinations. There was, however, a large body of Oirats who deserted the Ilkhanate to join the Mamluks Sultanate. Kitbuqa's generous treatment of this body of nomadic troops, with whom it appeared he shared kinship, angered a number of the other Mamluk emirs and undermined his power. He was soon forced to flee as one of al-Ashraf Khalil's assassins, the Emir Lajin, seized power. When Lajin was murdered in 1299, al-Ashraf Khalil's young brother al-Nasir Muhammad was recalled to take the throne. Only 14 years old, al-Nasir Muhammad had no real power and was still a puppet for the emirs competing for power. In comparison, 1295 saw the beginning of the reign of the powerful Ghazan Khan, son of Arghun. Ghazan, as we have covered, was not the first Muslim Ilkhan but by his reign a majority of the Mongols within the Ilkhanate had converted, and made the Ilkhanate an Islamic state. Ghazan consolidated his position early on, executing a number of potential challengers to the throne and restabilizing the Ilkhanid economy, though you can listen to our episode dedicated to Ghazan for more on the internal matters of his reign. While Ghazan was a Muslim, this did not change Ilkhanid policy to the Mamluk. He continued to send letters to western Europe urging them to land an army behind enemy lines. In late 1298, while Mamluk armies ravaged the Ilkhan's vassal Cilician Armenia, the na'ib of Damascus, Sayf al-Din Qibjaq and a few other top Mamluks deserted to the Ilkhanate during a particularly violent stretch within the Sultanate. Fearing for their lives, they inform Ghazan of Sultan Lajin and his vice-Sultan Manketamur's purges and unstable positions. Then in summer 1299 a Mamluk raid into the Ilkhanate sacked Mardin, violating Muslim women and descretating a mosque during Ramadan. Ghazan was thus able to easily obtain a fatwa against the Mamluks for this, presenting himself not as an invader, but a holy warrior coming to avenge atrocities against Islam to encourage dissent among Mamluk ranks. Indeed, the ruler of Hama, a top Mamluk ally, believed the accusations. By December 1299, Ghazan and his army of Mongols, Georgians and Armenians under their King Het'um II, had crossed the Euphrates. By then, Sultan Lajin had been replaced by a al-Nasir Muhammad who was nearly toppled by the Oirat refugees to the Sultanate. Ghazan bypassed Aleppo and Hama, and hunted for the Mamluk army. While encamped on the edge of the Syrian desert, Ghazan learned the Mamluks were gathering at Homs, where they had defeated Mongke-Temur 18 years prior. Rather than fall into their trap, Ghazan chose to outflank them, crossing the Syrian desert and coming out onto a stream some 16 kilometres north of Homs on the 22nd of December. To the Mamluks, it appeared that Ghazan was retreating, and advanced out of their favourable position to pursue. In a reverse of the 2nd Battle of Homs, now the Mamluks were forced to cross the desert, exhausting themselves to reach Ghazan early the next morning, while his own troops rested, quenched their thirst and formed up. Crucially, the Ilkhanid army was under the firm control of Ghazan and his commander Qutlugh-Shah, while the young al-Nasir Muhammad could not control his senior emirs. On the morning of December 23rd, 1299, the Mamluks found Ghazan's army was drawn up. Ghazan commanded the centre, while his general Qutlugh-Shah commanded the right. Qutlugh-Shah's beating of war drums made the Mamluks believe Ghazan to be located there, and to him they charged, forcing the Mongol right back. Ghazan led the counterattack against them, and Qutlugh-Shah rallied what forces he could and rejoined the Il-Khan. From 11 a.m until nightfall, the battle raged, but finally the Mamluks broke and fled. Ghazan pursued them past Homs before encamping, not wishing to be drawn into a false retreat in the dark. Homs surrendered without a fight and Ghazan took the Sultan's treasure, distributing it among his nokod, keeping for himself a sword, the title deeds to the Mamluk Sultanate and the muster roll of its army. Next Ghazan marched onto Damascus, which also surrendered without a fight, though its citadel held out. It seems almost the entire Mamluk garrison of Syria had retreated, perhaps recalled to defend the capital. Mongol raiding parties were making it as far as Gaza, with one source reporting they even entered Jerusalem, and the Sultanate seemed poised to fall. But on February 5th, 1300, Ghazan withdrew from Damascus, returning to the Ilkhanate. Qutlugh-Shah had been left to take the Citadel of Damascus, but he soon followed the Il-Khan. By the end of May, the Mamluks had retaken Syria. Exactly why Ghazan withdrew is unclear: possibly reports of a Neguderi invasion in the east of his realm demanded his attention, or he feared there would not be sufficient pasturage for his large army to make the trip to Egypt: the Mamluks were known to burn grassland and destroy supply depots on the routes they suspected the Mongols to take. Likely he was unaware of how dire the situation really was for the Mamluks, and suspected further armed resistance along the route would make the already treacherous crossing over the Sinai even harder on his army. Whatever the reason, Ghazan had lost the greatest chance to destroy the Mamluks. Ghazan did cross the Euphrates at the end of December 1300, reaching as far as Aleppo, but heavy rains rendered military operations untenable. In 1303 Ghazan ordered Qutlugh-Shah back into Syria, but he was defeated at Marj al-Suffar near Damascus in April. Ghazan's death the next year, only 34 years old, prevented his next assault. His brother and successor, Oljeitu, ordered the final Ilkhanid attack on the Sultanate, an embarrassing effort in winter 1312 which saw the army retreat not from the Royal Mamluks, but the stiff resistance of ordinary townsfolk. Oljeitu's son, Abu Sa'id, ultimately organized peace with the Mamluks in the early 1320s, ending the sixty years of warfare between the Mongols and the Mamluks. The Ilkhanate did not long outlive this treaty. Abu Sa'id death in 1335 without an heir saw the Ilkhanate torn apart by regional commanders -the Jalayirids, Chobanids, Muzaffarids and Injuids, among others- who appointed their own puppet Khans or abandoned the pretense entirely. For the Mamluks, they were unable to take advantage of the Ilkhanate's disintegration as when al-Nasir Muhammad died in 1341, they entered their own period of anarchy: 8 of al-Nasir's children and 4 of his grandsons would in turn become Sultan between 1341 and 1382, a period which culminated in the rise of the Circassian Burji Mamluk Dynasty. Whereas the Sultans from Qutuz, Baybars through Qalawun and his descendants were men of Qipchaq-Cuman or even Mongol origin, over the late thirteenth and first half of the fourteenth century a growing number of the Mamluks were sourced no longer from the Qipchaq steppe, but Circassia, a region along the Black Sea's northeastern coastline. With the end of the Qalawunid Dynasty, Mamluks of Circassian origin took power and established their own dynasty. The Bahri and Burji distinction refers to the parts of Cairo each Mamluk garrison had been based. It was this Mamluk dynasty who would face the wrath of Temur-i-lang at the beginning of the fifteenth century. These post-Ilkhanid events will be the topic for a forthcoming episode, so be sure to subscribe to the Kings and Generals podcast to follow for that. If you enjoyed this and would like to help us continue bringing you great content, please consider supporting us on patreon at www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. This episode was researched and written by our series historian, Jack Wilson. I'm your host David, and we'll catch you on the next one.
In 2014 videos of Aeham Ahmad playing the piano amid the ruins of the Yarmouk neighborhood in Damascus went viral and were seen around the world. Aeham and his music became a symbol of hope in the middle of a war. In April 2015, ISIS took control of Yarmouk and burnt Ahmad's piano. In fear of his life, he fled thousands of kilometres across the Mediterranean Sea and the balkan route to Germany. Music allowed him to flee to and stay in Germany and later reunite with his family. We talked to him about the special connection with his blind father, how music turned from chore to vital passion and where he was and is drawing hope from in difficult times. We met Aeham right before his concert titled “Connecting Cultures” together with Cornelius Hummel, a german cellist and composer. We used the chance to interview both of them in the second half of the interview (mixing German and English) about the intricacies of connecting cultures, both in music and everyday life and their learnings along their joint musical journey. As a bonus, you'll be able to hear one of their compositions in our episode - enjoy!Aehams book: The Pianist of Yarmouk (2018)Support the show (https://www.patreon.com/einpodkaffee)
Aeham Ahmad wuchs als palästinensischer Flüchtling im syrischen Flüchtlingslager Yarmouk in Damaskus auf. Seit seinem fünften Lebensjahr spielt er Klavier. Er ist ein begnadeter Pianist und hat einen ganz eigenen Stil. Manchmal klingt seine Musik auch sehr chaotisch. Dieses Chaos empfindet er oft auch in sich selbst. Kein Wunder, in seinen 33 Lebensjahren musste er einige Schicksalsschläge hinnehmen. In dieser Folge »Gesellschaft besser machen« spricht Aeham Ahmad ganz offen über sein Leben: wie der syrische Geheimdienst Menschen aus seinem direkten Umfeld verschleppt und getötet hat, dass seine Eltern den Kontakt zu ihm leugnen müssen und wie er von seinem eigenen Folk verhasst ist. Gleichzeitig ist er sehr dankbar für sein Leben und den Luxus, den er hat und möchte Dinge zurückgeben. So bietet er kostenlose Musikstunden für Kinder an. Leider schafft er es noch nicht, diejenigen zu erreichen, die ihm am meisten am Herzen liegen: syrische Kinder. Sie bleiben weg oder kommen viel zu spät. Doch Aeham Ahmad spielt weiter seine »Music for Hope«: https://www.koerber-stiftung.de/mediathek/ohr-zur-welt-music-for-hope-aeham-ahmad-2260
Aeham Ahmad wuchs als palästinensischer Flüchtling im syrischen Flüchtlingslager Yarmouk in Damaskus auf. Seit seinem fünften Lebensjahr spielt er Klavier. Er ist ein begnadeter Pianist und hat einen ganz eigenen Stil. Manchmal klingt seine Musik auch sehr chaotisch. Dieses Chaos empfindet er oft auch in sich selbst. Kein Wunder, in seinen 33 Lebensjahren musste er einige Schicksalsschläge hinnehmen. In dieser Folge »Gesellschaft besser machen« spricht Aeham Ahmad ganz offen über sein Leben: wie der syrische Geheimdienst Menschen aus seinem direkten Umfeld verschleppt und getötet hat, dass seine Eltern den Kontakt zu ihm leugnen müssen und wie er von seinem eigenen Folk verhasst ist. Gleichzeitig ist er sehr dankbar für sein Leben und den Luxus, den er hat und möchte Dinge zurückgeben. So bietet er kostenlose Musikstunden für Kinder an. Leider schafft er es noch nicht, diejenigen zu erreichen, die ihm am meisten am Herzen liegen: syrische Kinder. Sie bleiben weg oder kommen viel zu spät. Doch Aeham Ahmad spielt weiter seine »Music for Hope«: https://www.koerber-stiftung.de/mediathek/ohr-zur-welt-music-for-hope-aeham-ahmad-2260
Aeham Ahmad spielt am Klavier mit den Grenzen europäischer und orientalischer Musik und geht darüber hinaus Über musikalisches Chaos, Brücken bauen und die Bedeutung von Herkunft und Heimat Aeham Ahmad bewegt sich zwischen musikalischen Welten und fühlt sich genau dort, im Spannungsfeld zwischen westlicher und orientalischer Musik zu Hause. Wo die klassische Klavierausbildung (Ahmad lernte u.a. am Konservatorium in Damaskus und studierte später an der Baath-Universität in Homs) auf seine palästinischen Wurzeln trifft und Bach-Fugen auf orientalische Harmonik treffen, entsteht genau das musikalische Chaos, indem sich Ahmad am wohlsten fühlt. Er, der selbsternannte Brückenbauer zwischen zwei Welten: »I try to create a bridge between the cultures, a bridge between western music and oriental music.« Der aus Yarmouk geflüchtete Ahmad gewährt uns im Gespräch mit Diana Huth Einblicke in seine neue (deutsche) Gefühlswelt, hält uns Hörerinnen und Hörer so auf charmante Art den Spiegel vor und beschreibt, vor welchen Herausforderungen die in Syrien lebenden Menschen stehen. Aeham Ahmad nimmt uns mit auf seine Reise zwischen Welten und Zukunftsplänen, in denen er die Gesellschaft besser machen wird.
“Pourquoi tant de malheurs s'abattent-ils sur nous ? Où sont donc tous ces prodiges que nos pères nous ont racontés… ? En réalité, l'Éternel nous a abandonnés... Alors l'Éternel se tourna vers lui et dit : Va avec cette force que tu as… N'est-ce pas moi qui t'envoie ?” Juges 6.13-14J'ai fait la connaissance de celui qui est appelé "le pianiste des ruines". Il s'agit d'un jeune homme qui vivait à Yarmouk, dans la banlieue de Damas.
Ameen is a Syrian artist and a student at the Higher Institute for Dramatic Arts. Ameen lives in Damascus, Syria. In this episode, he takes us on a journey into how life in Damascus, Syria, is like in 2021. He also goes into depth about his art, photography, and future projects he's working on. The episode is out on all podcast streaming platforms—YouTube, Anchor, Spotify, Apple Podcasts, PocketCast, etc. Ameen's Instagram page: https://www.instagram.com/ameenakaseem/ Podcast Email: TheEgyptianHulkPodcast@gmail.com Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/TheEgyptianHulkPodcast YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCTe1kPcCH7GpI-bq2kvDqqQ
As Umar, the second Rashidun caliph, began his reign, the Islamic conquests were heating up. At the Battle of Yarmouk, a titanic clash would occur between the Rashidun Caliphate and Byzantine Empire that would forever change the social, political, and cultural landscape of the Middle East.
Lyse Doucet OBE is the BBC's Chief International Correspondent and Senior Presenter.
The podcast about what funny people read...In this episode, Lucy speaks to Comedian and Author Njambi McGrath about some of the most important books in her life.Who is Lucy Danser?Lucy is a writer, producer and all around storytelling person. Follow her on Twitter @LucyDanser or visit www.lucydanser.co.ukBooks/Authors mentioned in this episode:The Famous Five (Various) - Enid Blyton: https://www.enidblyton.co.uk/landing-page/enid-blyton/enid-blyton-books/enid-blyton-the-famous-fiveMills and Boon (Various): https://www.millsandboon.co.ukDanielle Steel: https://daniellesteel.comJames Hadley Chase: https://www.fantasticfiction.com/c/james-hadley-chaseThe Mayor of Casterbridge - Thomas Hardy: https://www.penguin.co.uk/books/559/55981/the-mayor-of-casterbridge/9780241347775.htmlKing Lear - William Shakespeare: https://www.penguin.co.uk/books/545/54575/king-lear/9780141396460.html*Wild Swans - Jung Chang: https://www.harpercollins.co.uk/9780007463404/wild-swans*Kaffir Boy - Mark Mathabane: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/126151.Kaffir_Boy*The Pianist of Yarmouk by - Ayham Ahmed: https://www.penguin.co.uk/books/309/309062/the-pianist-of-yarmouk/9780241347522.htmlRichard Wright: https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/9657.Richard_WrightNgũgĩ wa Thiong'o: https://ngugiwathiongo.com*Njambi's ChoicesFeatured Bookshop:The Pitshanger Bookshop, Ealinghttps://www.pitshangerbooks.co.ukTwitter @PitshangerBook1Other Links:Njambi's Website: https://www.njambimcgrathcomedy.co.ukNjambi's book 'Through The Leopard's Gaze' :https://www.jacarandabooksartmusic.co.uk/products/through-the-leopards-gazeYou can follow us on Twitter & Instagram @comicsbookspodPlease share, rate and subscribe.Produced by Lucy Danser & Joseph Bellcomicsbookspod@gmail.comwww.comicsbooks.co.ukPLEASE NOTE: This episode was recorded remotely during the 2020 Covid-19 Lockdown See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.
Donations can be deposited in:National Australia BankAccount name: Australians for PalestineBSB: 083 125Account Number: 86 641 3885Payment description: Omar Appeal
On the outskirts of war-torn Damascus, a man pushes his piano into the street and begins to play; an act of defiance that will become a beacon of hope and resistance for the people of Syria. Accompanied by a spellbinding live performance, Aeham Ahmad shares his extraordinary story of the healing power of music in the face of despair which serves as a timely reminder of the importance of not turning your back on creativity and culture in times of crisis. He talks – and sings – to international correspondent Lyse Doucet.
Anne is a Change Professional who has managed change programs across multiple industries, from large scale systems implementations through to workplace transformations, with a focus on changing cultures and building internal business change capability. For the last seven years, Anne has been bringing wellbeing into her change programs with fabulous results and has been referred to as “the Magic Maker”. In this week’s episode, we explore the practical actions workplaces can be taking to care for their people’s wellbeing during a time of disruption and rapid change. Connect with Anne Lomax: Anne Lomax You’ll Learn: [01:50] - Anne shares how the CoVID-19 pandemic impacted Qantas as a workplace. [02:24] - Anne’s essential first step to supporting people during a disruption. [03:23] - Anne’s number one priority for worker wellbeing during the CoVID-19 disruption. [03:54] - Simple, practical ways to support wellbeing during a disruption. [05:51] - What goes into a daily calm session? [08:22] - Anne’s biggest learning on wellbeing during change. [09:19] - The ‘new normal’ of workplace wellbeing [10:19] - Anne enters the lightning round Your Resources: MPPW Podcast on Facebook Group The Pianist of Yarmouk by Aeham Ahmad Thanks for listening! Thanks so much for joining me again this week. If you enjoyed this episode, please share it using the social media buttons you see at the bottom of this post. Please leave an honest review of the Making Positive Psychology Work Podcast on iTunes. Ratings and reviews are extremely helpful and greatly appreciated. They do matter in the rankings of the show, and I read each and every one of them. And don’t forget to subscribe to the show on iTunes to get automatic updates. It’s free! You can also listen to all the episodes of Making Positive Psychology Work streamed directly to your smartphone or iPad through stitcher. No need for downloading or syncing. Until next time, take care! Thank you, Anna!
636 Battle of Yarmouk. The result of the battle was a complete Muslim victory which ended Roman rule in Syria. The Battle of Yarmouk is regarded as one of the most decisive battles in military history and it marked the first great wave of early Muslim conquests after the death of Muhammad, heralding the rapid advance of Islam into the then Christian Levant. 1000 The foundation of the Hungarian state, Hungary is established as a Christian kingdom by Stephen I of Hungary. 1667 John Milton publishes Paradise Lost, an epic poem about the fall of Adam and Eve. 1794 American General "Mad Anthony" Wayne defeats the Ohio Indians at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in the Northwest territory, ending Indian resistance in the area. 1940 Russian revolutionary and founder of the Red Army, Leon Trotsky was attacked in his home by an undercover agent of the Peoples Commissariat for Internal Affairs or N.K.V.D. He died a day later due to the injuries sustained during the attack. 1988 The Iran-Iraq War comes to an end after 7 years. The deadly conventional war between the two Middle Eastern countries began when Iraq invaded Iran on September 22, 1980. 1988 Drought, winds, lightning, and nearly 250 small blazes in just two months all combine to create the largest conflagration in Yellowstone National Park's recorded history, hitting a peak today on 'Black Saturday' with firestorms burning 150,000 acres and smoke so dense that day turns to night. 1998 The Supreme Court of Canada rules Quebec cannot legally secede from Canada without the federal government's approval.
La prensa abunda en calificar a los palestinos en Israel como ciudadanos sin derechos, pero ignora (o mira para otro lado) ante la discriminación y perpetuación a las que los someten los países árabes en los que están asentados, especialmente desde 1965 (al año de la creación de la OLP) cuando la Liga Árabe firma los protocolos de Casablanca para impedir que sigan obteniendo la ciudadanía y los mismos derechos que los otros habitantes de los países de acogida, situación respaldada por la agencia de la ONU dedicada en exclusiva a ellos, la UNRWA. En la imagen, campo de refugiados palestinos Yarmouk en Siria en 2014.
Bernard Haitink on a career spanning over six decades, Gabriel Jackson’s re-telling of The Passion of our Lord Jesus; pianist Jeremy Denk on his choice of repertoire and “The Pianist of Yarmouk”; Aeham Ahmad on the power of music to bring hope.
Giovedì 1 novembre la Tour Eiffel è stata spenta sera per un minuto per ricordare l'assassinio del giornalista saudita Jamal Khashoggi nel consolato del suo paese in Turchia. Il giorno dopo ricorreva invece la "Giornata internazionale contro l'impunità per i crimini contro i giornalisti", dedicata quest'anno ai reporter messicani, ma con la mente rivolta verso il Medio oriente. Ma qualcosa si muove, tra ammissioni e accuse.Intanto, gli Stati Uniti affermano di voler accelerare per arrivare alla pace in Yemen. Ci riusciranno senza rompere del tutto gli equilibri con Riad e Mohamed Bin Salman?Mirca Leccese ci parla del libro "Il pianista di Yarmouk" di Aeham Ahmad, ediz. La nave di Teseo.Dal più grande campo di rifugiati palestinesi a Damasco fino ai concerti in tutta Europa, attraverso la guerra in Siria e con la memoria alle proprie origini.Lunedì 5 novembre entrano in vigore le nuove sanzioni statunitensi contro l'iran. Quali sono le conseguenze? Chi pagherà il prezzo più alto?È in corso una nuova offensiva militare turca contro i kurdi che stanno combattendo il Daesh, un attacco che finisce per avvantaggiare soltanto i gruppi jihadisti.PLAYLIST- El Far3i - Tghayarti- Mashrou' Leila - 'Al Hajez
Neste episódio conversamos sobre a primeira fase da expansão islâmica, conversamos sobre o contexto do surgimento do islamismo e sobre a Batalha de Yarmouk (636 d.C.), o Cerco de Constantinopla de 717 d.C. e a Batalha de Tours (ou Poitiers) de 732 d.C. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/clubedosgenerais/message
This week on Palestine Remembered we look at the ongoing Nakba, and the crisis in Syria as it affects the citizens of Yarmouk camp in the southern part of Damascus.
Over the last seven years as many as a million people in Syria lived under siege, 400,000 of them in Eastern Ghouta alone. Some were trapped for more than four years of bombardment, sniping and near starvation. The walls that stopped them fleeing also prevented many of their stories leaking to the outside world. They could not leave and journalists, along with aid workers and human rights groups, could not get in. Over recent years, Mike Thomson has been using internet links and social media to get inside these isolated and often forgotten places. He has garnered compelling and moving interviews with residents in some of the hardest to reach places. We hear from long besieged Daraya, Eastern Ghouta, and IS surrounded Yarmouk to Eastern Aleppo, Madaya, Homs and Raqqa. With great fortitude and bravery many people told Mike their stories as bombs shook the walls around them. The result is extraordinary picture of everyday life in some of the most frightening and devastated places on earth. Yet amid the grim accounts of death, loss and destruction are inspiring examples of resilience, courage and hope. Most of these besieged areas have now been overrun and evacuated, but this programme ensures that what they went through will not be forgotten.
This week Palestine Remembered revisits Yarmouk and Syria, we discuss the ongoing Nakba and devastation of the once almost "normal" Palestinian life and what has happened to those who have survived this most recent of Nakba's and the forced removal of almost 1100 families to North Aleppo.
We are pleased to present an interview that JWE President Helena Cobban conducted July 24th with Peter Ford, who was Britain's ambassador to Syria, 2003 through 2006, and who has remained an informed and close observer of Syrian affairs ever since. He was also, for several years after he left the British diplomatic service, the representative of the UN agency UNRWA to the Arab world, based in Amman. In this half-hour interview Ambassador Ford discussed aspects of the situations of both Syrians and Palestinians. A digest of the conversation will be posted shortly on our blog at www.justworldeducational.org, where you can also find links to the interviews Ms. Cobban conducted with Professor Falk and a wealth of informational resources about Palestine, Syria, and other issues of war and peace in the Middle East. Support the show (http://justworldeducational.org/donate/)
Palestine Remembered gives an update on the besieged Palestinian, Syrian refugee camp of Yarmouk as well as the trial of the Israeli solider convicted of killing 16 year old Nadim Nuwara, Palestinian Novelist Ibrahim Nasrallah as well as some recent BDS wins.
On today's episode of Loud & Clear, Brian Becker and Walter Smolarek are joined by Arnold August, a lecturer, journalist, and author of the book “Cuba and the US in the Age of Trump,” and Gloria La Riva, the director of the Cuba and Venezuela Solidarity Committee. Miguel Diaz Canal has been elected by the National Assembly to be the new President of Cuba. As the country embarks on a historic leadership transition as Raul Castro steps down, what does the future hold for Cuba and its socialist system?The weekly series “Criminal Injustice” continues, where the hosts discuss the most egregious conduct of our courts and prosecutors and how justice is denied to so many people in this country, including the murder by NYPD of Saheed Vassell, a man known by cops and the community to be mentally ill. Kevin Gosztola, a writer for Shadowproof.com and co-host of the podcast Unauthorized Disclosure, and Paul Wright, the founder and executive director of the Human Rights Defense Center and editor of Prison Legal News and Criminal Legal News, join the show. Cancer is not only traumatic and deadly, but it can be incredibly expensive to treat. One organization, Value in Cancer Care Consortium, has been working on cutting those costs to make cancer treatment more readily available, and for one treatment, the researchers were able to confirm that just one-third of a drug for blood cancer was just as effective as the previously recommended dose. This would, of course, cut the treatment cost by a third—until Janssen and Pharmacyclics tripled their prices in response. Brian and Walter speak with Dr. Allen Lichter, an oncologist and chair of the board of directors of the Value in Cancer Care Consortium. The Department of Health and Human Services is reportedly planning to issue regulations that will further restrict undocumented people's ability to access health care. The hosts take an in-depth look today and tomorrow at this latest attack on immigrants and the barriers to healthcare access that already existed. Leo Cuello, an attorney and the director of health policy for the National Health Law Program, joins the show. Yesterday evening, Charles County, Maryland residents rallied at the town council building to protest fracking and a potential new fracked gas compressor station. Fracking is a problem nationwide that is hazardous to the environment and to people living nearby. Maryland anti-fracking organizer with Amp Creeks Council, who was a key organizer in the rally yesterday, joins Brian and Walter. Puerto Rico suffered a huge blackout yesterday leaving the entire island without power, which has still not yet been fully restored. Months after Puerto Rico was hit with a devastating hurricane, critical infrastructure is still yet to be repaired. Camilo Punsoda, spokesperson for Juventud Trabajadora, the youth wing of the Working People’s Party of Puerto Rico, joins the show.The Syrian army has given ISIS a 48-hour deadline to vacate areas south of the capital Damascus, primarily the Palestinian refugee camp of Yarmouk, which has suffered under ISIS’ brutal rule since the spring of 2015. Meanwhile, controversy continues to swirl over the alleged chemical weapons attack in Douma. Brian and Walter speak with Massoud Shadjareh, the founder of the Islamic Human Rights Commission.
Arabian armies, flush with victory over the Byzantine and Persian Empires, now push west into North Africa. By 709, the Caliphate has expanded from the Indus to the Atlantic and only the Strait of Gibraltar stands in the path of the conquest of Spain. Contribute on Patreon:https://www.patreon.com/FPHx Leave feedback: flashpointhistory@gmail.com Engage on Twitter: https://twitter.com/FlashpointHx Follow on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/FLASHPOINTHX/ Like the music? https://www.shutupandplay.ca Video Podcast: Available Soon!
La storia di Aeham Ahmad, il pianista di Yarmouk, e il suo primo album "Music for Hope"; un viaggio nei luoghi della musica con Ezio Guaitamacchi, autore dell'"Atlante Rock"; Teresa De Sio presenta il suo omaggio a Pino Daniele "Teresa canta Pino"
Celui qui n'a pas de terre n'a le droit qu'à une mer agitée Ce dimanche Récréation Sonore s'intéresse au conflit syrien. Celui qui n'a pas de terre n'a le droit qu'à une mer agitée, est un documentaire sonore de Marion Cros et Lama Kabbanji sur le parcours de trois Palestiniens-Syriens, issus du camp de Yarmouk (Damas).Séparés par l'exil, ils sont ici réunis à travers leurs récits. Depuis le début du soulèvement syrien en 2011, les Palestiniens du camp de Yarmouk dans la banlieue de Damas n’ont leur place nulle part. Victimes oubliées d’un siège sans pitié, ils n’ont d’autre choix qu’un nouvel exil. La première étape de leur migration les mène au Liban où, depuis des décennies, « Palestinien » rime avec « indésirable ». Ils élaborent alors toutes sortes de stratégies pour partir vers la Turquie, l’Amérique du Nord ou l’Europe, au gré des opportunités et des solidarités qui se présentent…Ce documentaire apporte un éclairage original sur un aspect particulier du conflit syrien, sur quelques conséquences méconnues des soulèvements arabes et témoigne de parcours d’exil contemporains à travers l’histoire de trois palestiniens issus du camp de réfugiés de Yarmouk. Nous avons suivi leurs trajectoires, depuis le moment où ils ont dû quitter une Syrie en guerre, jusqu’à leur arrivée au Liban ou en Europe. Au fil de leurs récits, nous constatons comment ils composent avec les changements en cours dans la région, les politiques migratoires fluctuantes et les conditions d’accueil dans les différents pays de destination. Cette émission a été préparée et réalisée par Marcela Lopez Romero.
Celui qui n'a pas de terre n'a le droit qu'à une mer agitée Ce dimanche Récréation Sonore s'intéresse au conflit syrien. Celui qui n'a pas de terre n'a le droit qu'à une mer agitée, est un documentaire sonore de Marion Cros et Lama Kabbanji sur le parcours de trois Palestiniens-Syriens, issus du camp de Yarmouk (Damas). Séparés par l'exil, ils sont ici réunis à travers leurs récits. Depuis le début du soulèvement syrien en 2011, les Palestiniens du camp de Yarmouk dans la banlieue de Damas n'ont leur place nulle part. Victimes oubliées d'un siège sans pitié, ils n'ont d'autre choix qu'un nouvel exil. La première étape de leur migration les mène au Liban où, depuis des décennies, « Palestinien » rime avec « indésirable ». Ils élaborent alors toutes sortes de stratégies pour partir vers la Turquie, l'Amérique du Nord ou l'Europe, au gré des opportunités et des solidarités qui se présentent… Ce documentaire apporte un éclairage original sur un aspect particulier du conflit syrien, sur quelques conséquences méconnues des soulèvements arabes et témoigne de parcours d'exil contemporains à travers l'histoire de trois palestiniens issus du camp de réfugiés de Yarmouk. Nous avons suivi leurs trajectoires, depuis le moment où ils ont dû quitter une Syrie en guerre, jusqu'à leur arrivée au Liban ou en Europe. Au fil de leurs récits, nous constatons comment ils composent avec les changements en cours dans la région, les politiques migratoires fluctuantes et les conditions d'accueil dans les différents pays de destination. Cette émission a été préparée et réalisée par Marcela Lopez Romero.
Battle of Qadisiyyah was more devastating for the Persians than the Battle of Yarmouk was for the Romans Their defeat at Qadisiyyah left the Persian capital exposed to Muslim forces However, the Roman capital was hundreds of miles away in Constantinople and very safe from Muslim forces The Romans still had the ability to wage war against the Muslims However, the Persians were now just trying to survive We'll look at the events in Syria after Yarmouk first, and then take a look at Persia after Qadisiyyah
- Where we are so far -- In 632 CE Prophet Muhammad died and Abu Bakr was chosen by the residents of Medina as the Caliph -- Soon after, several of the Arab tribes that were allied with the Prophet rebelled against Abu Bakr -- Abu Bakr and his general KIW led a successful campaign to bring these tribes back in line -- These were known as the Ridda, or Apostasy Wars -- Abu Bakr commanded KIW to begin an invasion of southern Persia. -- KIW was successful and conquered most of the area around the Euphrates River -- At the same time, Abu Bakr also ordered Abu Ubaidah to lead an invasion into Syria -- Abu Ubaidah ran into strong resistance so Abu Bakr had KIW come from Persia to assist -- KIW led the Muslims to conquer Syria all the way up to Damascus -- Back in Medina, Abu Bakr died and Umar ibn Al-Khattab became the Caliph -- Umar removed KIW as the leader of the Muslim armies and put Abu Ubaidah back in charge -- The Romans and Syrians got over their initial shock of the Muslim invasion and began a strong counterattack. - In the last episode we discussed how the Romans and Persians began to make a comeback - Now we'll go into the details of that comeback and the result - We will first discuss the events in Syria and then those in Persia
La présentation en présence de Jean-Paul Roche, vice président de l'Association France Palestine Solidarité 49.
Le débat en présence de Jean-Paul Roche, vice président de l'Association France Palestine Solidarité 49.
In this enthralling series on Abu Bakr, Shaykh Dr. Yasir Qadhi continues his talk on the battles of Ridda. We are introduced to another false prophet- Tulayha Al Asadi who was key in the battle of the Trenches but accepted Islam later and then made huge contributions in the battles of Yarmouk and Qadisiyah. In ... Read more
Jihad berättar om sitt liv i flyktinglägret Yarmouk innan den arabiska våren kom till Syrien. Under en fredlig demonstration beskjuts demonstranterna och Jihad tvingas fly med sin familj.
This week on “Unauthorized Disclosure,” Patrick Strickland, who is an independent journalist and contributor to The Electronic Intifada and Al Jazeera English, talks to us from Beirut, Lebanon. He discusses his reporting on the Yarmouk refugee camp in Syria, a Palestinian refugee camp which has been under siege. He talks to us about the Ain al-Hilweh refugee camp in Lebanon. Strickland also describes how ISIS and Jabhat al Nusra are taking over some of these camps with Palestinian refugees. In the second half, during the discussion part of the show, hosts Rania Khalek and Kevin Gosztola highlight the refugee crisis in Europe and, separately, how President Barack Obama’s administration has fought to continue detaining refugee mothers and children from Central America. We also talk about North Dakota becoming the first state, where drones can be weaponized with tear gas or tasers, the FBI setting up a cell phone surveillance system in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina, and the latest appalling aspects of the Obama administration’s effort to keep a gravely ill Guantanamo prisoner detained indefinitely.
I dagens Magnusson i P1 är temat Syrien. Katja har bjudit in Jihad Rahmoon som precis fått sitt uppehållstillstånd, vi lyssnar på pianospel från Yarmouks ruiner och bjuds på livepoesi av Hanna Himo som flydde från Syrien redan på 80-talet. Tusentals syrier flyr på rangliga båtar över Medelhavet och kommer hit till Sverige - idag möter vi en av de som tagit sig hit, Jihad Rahmoon som Katja jobbat med vid gränsen mellan Syrien och Turkiet. Vad säger Jihad om det nya livet i Sverige – blev det som väntat? Kanske har ni sett klipp på pianospelaren från området Yarmouk i Damaskus? Mitt bland ruinerna har han suttit och spelat på ett ostämt piano. Vi undrar hur man orkar spela piano när man inte ens har mat för dagen? Och så lyssnar vi på livepoesi. Poeten Hanna Himo läser dikter han skrivit om sitt gamla hemland Syrien som han inte kunnat besöka sen slutet på 1980-talet. Medverkar i dagens program gör också Johan-Mathias Sommarström, utrikesreporter på Sveriges Radio, Önver Cetrez, biträdande direktör vid Svenska Forskningsinstitutet i Istanbul, som driver ett projekt där man lär ut svenska till syriska flyktingar, och Samaa Sarsour, jurist och palestinsk aktivist, uppvuxen i Yarmouk. Programledare: Katja Magnusson Bisittare: Alexandra Sandels Producent: Ülkü Holago
Raquel Martí, de la UNRWA, nos detalla lo que se ha encontrado en Yarmouk, el campo de refugiados palestinos de Damasco que después de dos años de bombardeos acaba de sufrir el expolio del ISIS
When the Yarmouk refugee camp outside Damascus was overrun by ISIS, a bad situation got much worse. Ban Ki moon called it "the deepest circle of hell" and UN humanitarian agencies are struggling to help people escape from the encampment. On the line to discuss these efforts is Richard Wright of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency, which is a humanitarian agency for Palestinian refugees in the middle east. Wright relays the current situation in Yarmouk, describes the UN's ongoing efforts to navigate between warring factions and the government, and tells the story of the hundreds of thousands of Palestinian refugees who have been caught up in the Syrian civil war.
Sannio: l'agonia di un museo. Dr.ssa Angela Di Niro, Vice sovraintendendente dei beni archeologici del Molise - La leggenda di Aeham, il pianista di Yarmouk. Valentina Gallo, Music for Peace.
This week Denis hears about the situation in the Yarmouk refugeee camp in Damascus which has fallen under the control of Islamic State. He discusses it with Chris Gunness from UNRWA and Michael Jansen. He also analyses the latest prospects for the SNP in the upcoming British elections with Mark Hennessy in Scotland.
Vandaag zijn strijders van Islamitische Staat opgedoken in het Palestijnse vluchtelingenkamp Yarmouk, op luttele kilometers van de Syrische hoofdstad Damascus. Aan de telefoon zit Volkskrant correspondent Remco Andersen.
The Rise of Islam in the 630’s threatened the existence of two ancient superpowers - the Persian and Roman Empires. In 636 AD the decisive battle took place between the Arabs led by Khalid ibn al-Walid and the Byzantine/Roman Empire of Heraklius- the Battle of Yarmouk. More details at www.historyeurope.net See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.
In the 620's the Eastern Roman Empire faced several threats, most notably the Persian Empire. Part 1 focuses on the conflict between Constantinople and Persia. This provides the context for the Rise of Islam in the 630's leading to the decisive Battle of Yarmouk in 636 AD between the Roman Emperor Heraclius and the Arab invaders. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.
January 16-2014 (1:33)
January 16-2014 (1:33)
The Sword of Allah refers to Khalid ibn al-Walid, the prophet Mohammad's top general. Khalid commanded over 100 battles and never lost, making him the most undefeated general in history. He usually fought in the front lines either as a cavalry commander or as a champion dueler. This is the first of a two-part episode. This part will cover Khalid's conquest of Byzantine Syria:Some famous battles on the Syrian front include: Bosra, Ajnadayn, and Damascus. The Siege of Damascus saw the first use of Khalid's unit of elite cavalrymen, the Mobile Guard. However, the greatest battle in the theater was the Battle of Yarmouk. Khalid had removed from command by Umar (Abu Bakr's successor) but he still had operational command because the nominal commander respected him so much. The Battle of Yarmouk was fought between 100,000 Byzantines and 30,000 Arabs along a battle line 12 miles long. After a series of significant duels (including one where Khalid personally persuaded an enemy commander to convert to Islam), the main battle began. For the first few days, it was a stalemate. Eventually, though, Khalid managed to maneuver his cavalry all the way around the Byzantines and flank them.Soon after the battle, Umar, who believed that Khalid was gaining too much power, removed Khalid from command completely.For more information, read:Dictionary of Battles by David Chandlerhttp://www.ezsoftech.com/islamic/ohod.asphttp://islambyquestions.net/moreAbout/Hunayn.htmhttp://islam.pakistanway.com/showtopic.aspx?topicid=266&typeid=25http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Articles/companion/10_abu_bakr.htmhttp://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9045249/Khalid-ibn-al-Walidhttp://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Articles/companion/00_abu_bakr.htmhttp://www.islamicawakening.com/viewarticle.php?articleID=1206http://www.militaryhistoryonline.com/muslimwars/articles/yarmuk.aspxMilitary History Podcast is sponsored by Armchair General Magazine
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