Podcasts about retrieved january

Telescopes can help us travel back in time to the early universe. We can watch galaxies form, the universe have a makeover and giant black holes appear. Using different telescopes we can learn about the cosmic dawn and the cosmic noon. The early universe was hazy and hard for light to travel far. What gave the early universe a makeover to allow starlight to travel? What fed the super hungry super massive black-holes of the early universe? Where did the early black holes find enough food to make them swell to massive sizes? What can we learn from the cosmic noon when most of the stars in the universe were formed?  NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center. (2020, January 6). Astronomers spot distant galaxy group driving ancient cosmic makeover. ScienceDaily. Retrieved January 11, 2020 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/01/200106141610.htm Emanuele Paolo Farina, Fabrizio Arrigoni-Battaia, Tiago Costa, Fabian Walter, Joseph F. Hennawi, Alyssa B. Drake, Roberto Decarli, Thales A. Gutcke, Chiara Mazzucchelli, Marcel Neeleman, Iskren Georgiev, Anna-Christina Eilers, Frederick B. Davies, Eduardo Bañados, Xiaohui Fan, Masafusa Onoue, Jan-Torge Schindler, Bram P. Venemans, Feige Wang, Jinyi Yang, Sebastian Rabien, Lorenzo Busoni. The REQUIEM Survey. I. A Search for Extended Lyα Nebular Emission Around 31 z > 5.7 Quasars. The Astrophysical Journal, 2019; 887 (2): 196 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab5847 T. Mauch et al. The 1.28 GHz MeerKAT DEEP2 Image. The Astrophysical Journal, 2019 [link]

We delve into the dark truth behind the famous singer and actress' life in the public eye. References: Barbiturate. (n.d.). Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbiturate Barbiturate. (2019, July 19). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.britannica.com/science/barbiturate Bertram, C. (2019, May 24). Judy Garland was put on a strict diet and encouraged to take "pep pills" while filming 'The Wizard of Oz'. Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.biography.com/news/judy-garland-pills-diet-wizard-of-oz Bertram, C. (2019, September 25). Judy Garland's personal life was a search for happiness she often portrayed onscreen. Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.biography.com/news/judy-garland-personal-life-struggles-husbands Blakemore, E. (2018, March 1). Golden age Hollywood had a dirty little secret: drugs. Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.history.com/news/judy-garland-barbiturates-hollywood-studio-drugs Buck, S. (2016, December 22). Old Hollywood forced its first stars to work long hours and take amphetamines in exchange for fame. Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://timeline.com/hollywood-drugs-1930s-6b27a1404552 The effects of mixing alcohol with amphetamines. (2019, February 13). Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.recoveryfirst.org/alcohol-abuse/mixing-with-amphetamines/ Judy Garland. (n.d.). Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judy_Garland Judy Garland: A biography [Video file]. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7aUryonHTCw&feature=youtu.be Market, H. (2019, June 21). The day Judy Garland's star burned out. Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/the-day-judy-garlands-star-burned-outMethOIDE. (n.d.). Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://methoide.fcm.arizona.edu/infocenter/index.cfm?stid=164 Molony, J. (2015, June 1). Judy Garland: the diva, the drugs and the damage. Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.independent.ie/entertainment/movies/judy-garland-the-diva-the-drugs-and-the-damage-31264687.html Nicolaou, E. (2020, January 28). What made Judy Garland's life so tragic. Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.refinery29.com/en-us/2019/09/8455229/judy-garland-actress-true-story-life-death Nolasco, S. (2019, December 19). Judy Garland's ex-lover John Meyer recalls the star's final tumultuous months. Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/judy-garland-ex-lover-john-meyer-recalls-star-final-months O'Neill, K. (2019, October 3). Judy Garland was penniless, virtually homeless and making $100 a night singing in bars. Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.mirror.co.uk/3am/celebrity-news/judy-garland-penniless-virtually-homeless-20320960 Rasmussen, N. (2008). America's first amphetamine epidemic 1929–1971. American Journal of Public Health, 98(6), 974-985. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2007.110593 LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; 2012-. Amphetamines. [Updated 2016 Apr 8]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK548941/

How did the term Bedlam come to be used to describe a scene of madness and chaos? We dive into the history of Bethlem Hospital and it's transformation in Bedlam. We'll discuss how the the first lunatic asylum in Europe eventually became synonymous with uproar and pandemonium. References: Bethlem Royal Hospital. (n.d.). Retrieved January 28, 2020, from https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/BethlemRoyalHospital Bethlem Royal Hospital. (2017, March 6). Retrieved January 28, 2020, from http://www.asylumprojects.org/index.php/BethlemRoyalHospital Casale, S. (2016, March 18). Bedlam: The horrors of London's most notorious insane asylum. Huffington Post. Retrieved from https://m.huffpost.com/us/ entry/9499118/amp?guccounter=1 From Bethlehem to Bedlam - England's first mental institution. (n.d.). Retrieved January 28, 2020, from https://historicengland.org.uk/research/ inclusive-heritage/disability-history/1050-1485/from-bethlehem-to-bedlam/ Humorism. (n.d.). Retrieved January 28, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Humorism Jane, C. (2014, October 24). A history of Bedlam, the world's most notorious asylum [Blog post]. Retrieved from http://www.danceshistoricalmiscellany.com/history-bedlam-worlds-notoriousasylum/ Ruggeri, A. (2016, December 15). How Bedlam became 'a palace for lunatics'. Retrieved January 28, 2020, from http://www.bbc.com/culture/story/ 20161213-how-bedlam-became-a-palace-for-lunatics Tillotson, S. (Producer). (2016, March 17). Bedlam. In our time. Podcast retrieved from https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b0739rfg Tom o' Bedlam. (n.d.). Retrieved January 28, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/Tomo%27Bedlam Waller, M. (2008, August 12). Bedlam: The brutal truth. Mail Online. Retrieved from https://www.dailymail.co.uk/home/books/article-1042885/ Bedlam-brutal-truth.html Wax, A. (2016). The disturbing history of Bedlam: The world's most notorious insane asylum [Blog post]. Retrieved from http://www.the13thfloor.tv/2016/ 04/28/the-disturbing-history-of-bedlam-the-worlds-most-notorious-insane asylum/ What is Bedlam? The hospital that defined madness. (2019). Retrieved January 28, 2020, from https://the-line-up.com/insane-asylum-bedlam

Hosts Rekaya Gibson and Angela Spears discuss the Women’s National Basketball Association’s (WNBA) new Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA). They cover items in the CBA such as pay increases for players, cash compensation, travel improvements and maternity benefits. They also share their opinions about how this might affect women’s basketball. #KeepItSporty Source: Women’s National Basketball Association. January 14, 2020. “WNBA And WNBPA Reach Tentative Agreement on Groundbreaking Eight-Year Collective Bargaining Agreement.” Retrieved January 23, 2020. Web. Podcast Sponsored by Cuisine Noir Magazine www.cuisinenoirmag.com   Download the Free Android App for BGTS https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.blackgirlstalksports.android.girls   Support Us on Patreon http://www.patreon.com/blackgirlstalksports   Join Us on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/BlackGirlsTalkSports/

¡Bienvenidos una vez mas a Juego de Asesinos! Esta vez viajamos de Argentina a Alaska para contarles la historia de un asesino en serie brutal, acompáñanos una vez mas y te damos todos los detalles. Fuentes para la realizacion de este episodio: https://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/robert-hansen-44430.php https://www.ranker.com/list/disturbing-robert-hansen-facts/jacob-shelton https://cvltnation.com/the-demented-case-of-robert-hansen-an-alaskan-serial-killer-who-hunted-down-his-victims/ https://allthatsinteresting.com/robert-hansen https://www.aetv.com/real-crime/alaska-serial-killer-robert-hansen · Shedlock, Jerzy (June 27, 2014). "'Butcher Baker' Robert Hansen moved to Anchorage for medical treatment". Alaska Dispatch. · · Klint, Chris (August 21, 2014). "Serial Killer Robert Hansen Dies in Anchorage". KTTU News. NBC. Retrieved August 21, 2014. · · DuClos, Bernard (1993). Fair Game. Svolvær, Lofoten Islands, Norway: Mondo. p. 96. ISBN 978-0-312-92905-3. · · DuClos, Bernard (1993). Fair Game. Svolvær, Lofoten Islands, Norway: Mondo. p. 96. ISBN 978-0-312-92905-3. · · D'Oro, Rachel (August 22, 2014). "Robert Hansen, convicted serial killer in Alaska, dies at 75". Washington Post. Retrieved January 2, 2017. · · Gilmour, Walter; Hale, Leland E. (1991). Butcher, Baker: a true account of a serial murderer. New York City: Onyx Books. pp. 93–94. ISBN 9781578332236. · · Lundberg, Murray (February 11, 2000). "Robert Hansen: A Serial Killer In Alaska". Explore North. Retrieved July 29, 2019. · · Tidemann, Michael (August 22, 2014). "Estherville-born serial killer dies". Estherville Daily News. Estherville, Iowa: Estherville Publications, Inc. Retrieved August 15, 2019. · · Hansen v. State. Justia. August 11, 1978. Retrieved December 26, 2018. · · "Slayer in Alaska was Jailed in Other Cases, Judge Notes". The New York Times. February 29, 1984. Retrieved December 26, 2018. · · DuClos, pg. 40 · · Newton, Jennifer (September 4, 2014). "'We just want her to be identified': Body of Alaska serial killer victim exhumed 30 years after she was found dead". Mail Online. London, England: Daily Mail and General Trust. Retrieved December 24, 2015. · · DuClos, pg. 38 · · DuClos, pg. 241 · · DuClos, pg. 230 · · Andrews, Laurel; Hopkins, Kyle (August 22, 2014). "Serial killer Hansen dies; "World is better without him", trooper says". Anchorage Daily News. · · Lohr, David. "Hunting Humans". crimelibrary.com. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved June 26, 2014. · · Selina, Leavitt (September 5, 2014). "Serial Killer's Victim Exhumed In Alaska: Who Is 'Horseshoe Harriet'?". Iquisitr. Retrieved September 6, 2014. · · Staskiewics, Keith (August 5, 2011). "Serial Killer on the Big Screen". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved May 25, 2014. · · "Alaska: Ice Cold Killers episode 'Hunting Humans'". IMDb. Retrieved August 22, 2014. · "Anchorage: Robert Hansen's Most Dangerous Game, the Legend of Blackjack Sturges, Eskimo Hu". TVGuide. February 21, 2012

¡Bienvenidos una vez mas a Juego de Asesinos! Esta vez viajamos de Argentina a Alaska para contarles la historia de un asesino en serie brutal, acompáñanos una vez mas y te damos todos los detalles. Fuentes para la realizacion de este episodio: https://www.thefamouspeople.com/profiles/robert-hansen-44430.php https://www.ranker.com/list/disturbing-robert-hansen-facts/jacob-shelton https://cvltnation.com/the-demented-case-of-robert-hansen-an-alaskan-serial-killer-who-hunted-down-his-victims/ https://allthatsinteresting.com/robert-hansen https://www.aetv.com/real-crime/alaska-serial-killer-robert-hansen · Shedlock, Jerzy (June 27, 2014). "'Butcher Baker' Robert Hansen moved to Anchorage for medical treatment". Alaska Dispatch. · · Klint, Chris (August 21, 2014). "Serial Killer Robert Hansen Dies in Anchorage". KTTU News. NBC. Retrieved August 21, 2014. · · DuClos, Bernard (1993). Fair Game. Svolvær, Lofoten Islands, Norway: Mondo. p. 96. ISBN 978-0-312-92905-3. · · DuClos, Bernard (1993). Fair Game. Svolvær, Lofoten Islands, Norway: Mondo. p. 96. ISBN 978-0-312-92905-3. · · D'Oro, Rachel (August 22, 2014). "Robert Hansen, convicted serial killer in Alaska, dies at 75". Washington Post. Retrieved January 2, 2017. · · Gilmour, Walter; Hale, Leland E. (1991). Butcher, Baker: a true account of a serial murderer. New York City: Onyx Books. pp. 93–94. ISBN 9781578332236. · · Lundberg, Murray (February 11, 2000). "Robert Hansen: A Serial Killer In Alaska". Explore North. Retrieved July 29, 2019. · · Tidemann, Michael (August 22, 2014). "Estherville-born serial killer dies". Estherville Daily News. Estherville, Iowa: Estherville Publications, Inc. Retrieved August 15, 2019. · · Hansen v. State. Justia. August 11, 1978. Retrieved December 26, 2018. · · "Slayer in Alaska was Jailed in Other Cases, Judge Notes". The New York Times. February 29, 1984. Retrieved December 26, 2018. · · DuClos, pg. 40 · · Newton, Jennifer (September 4, 2014). "'We just want her to be identified': Body of Alaska serial killer victim exhumed 30 years after she was found dead". Mail Online. London, England: Daily Mail and General Trust. Retrieved December 24, 2015. · · DuClos, pg. 38 · · DuClos, pg. 241 · · DuClos, pg. 230 · · Andrews, Laurel; Hopkins, Kyle (August 22, 2014). "Serial killer Hansen dies; "World is better without him", trooper says". Anchorage Daily News. · · Lohr, David. "Hunting Humans". crimelibrary.com. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved June 26, 2014. · · Selina, Leavitt (September 5, 2014). "Serial Killer's Victim Exhumed In Alaska: Who Is 'Horseshoe Harriet'?". Iquisitr. Retrieved September 6, 2014. · · Staskiewics, Keith (August 5, 2011). "Serial Killer on the Big Screen". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved May 25, 2014. · · "Alaska: Ice Cold Killers episode 'Hunting Humans'". IMDb. Retrieved August 22, 2014. · "Anchorage: Robert Hansen's Most Dangerous Game, the Legend of Blackjack Sturges, Eskimo Hu". TVGuide. February 21, 2012

#MOVEmakeitamovement This episode, Macie and Olivia explore the amazing benefits of movement in your life! Join the conversation and share your favorite ways of movement by sharing on Instagram and using the hashtag #MOVEmakeitamovement, and tag @being_podcast on IG so we can share you on our page and story! If Ya Know Better, Ya Do Better Recommendations: Macie: Align Podcast - Aaron Alexander - @alignpodcast @thefootcollective on Instagram Yoga with Adrienne on Youtube Olivia: Insight Timer app - Apple App Store References for Neuro and Psych: Definition of Functional Neurologic Disorder: Functional neurologic disorders/conversion disorder. (2019, October 5). Retrieved January 29, 2020, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/conversion-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20355197 Erickson, K. I., Hillman, C. H., & Kramer, A. F. (2015, January 15). Physical activity, brain, and cognition. Retrieved January 20, 2020, from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352154615000157?via=ihub Payne, Peter, Levine, Peter A., C.-G., & A., M. (2015, January 17). Somatic experiencing: using interoception and proprioception as core elements of trauma therapy. Retrieved January 20, 2020, from https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00093/full BEING Bucket Items: Macie: Rolling Pin for rolling out sore muscles and feet - Amazon Lacrosse balls and tennis balls for sore feet - Amazon or Big 5 Sporting Goods Olivia: Something Was Wrong Podcast - Season 3, Episode 10: F*ck Trauma, Get Healthy @somethingwaswrongpodcast (Podcast IG page) @lookieboo (Tiffany Reese’s IG page) Connect with us! BEING Podcast would love to hear from you. Instagram: @being_podcast Gmail: mobeingpodcast@gmail.com

V dnešnej epizóde pravidelnej dávky sa s Mirom rozprávame o Koronavíruse, o tom, ako do boja proti nákazlivým chorobám zapájame matematiku a ako nám pri diagnostike vírusových ochorení môže pomôcť syntetická biológia. ----more---- Referencie:[1] Zhao, S., Lin, Q., Ran, J., Musa, S. S., Yang, G., Wang, W., … Wang, M. H. (2020). Preliminary estimation of the basic reproduction number of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in China, from 2019 to 2020: A data-driven analysis in the early phase of the outbreak. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.050[2] Zhang, X. S., Pebody, R., Charlett, A., de Angelis, D., Birrell, P., Kang, H., … Choi, Y. H. (2017). Estimating and modelling the transmissibility of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome CoronaVirus during the 2015 outbreak in the Republic of Korea. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, 11(5), 434–444. https://doi.org/10.1111/irv.12467[3] Ng, T. W., Turinici, G., & Danchin, A. (2003). A double epidemic model for the SARS propagation. BMC Infectious Diseases, 3(1), 19. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-3-19[4] Dénes, A., & Gumel, A. B. (2019). Modeling the impact of quarantine during an outbreak of Ebola virus disease. Infectious Disease Modelling, 4, 12–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idm.2019.01.003[5]Pardee, K., Green, A. A., Takahashi, M. K., Braff, D., Lambert, G., Lee, J. W., … Collins, J. J. (2016). Rapid, Low-Cost Detection of Zika Virus Using Programmable Biomolecular Components. Cell, 165(5), 1255–1266. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2016.04.059[6] Coronavirus. (n.d.). Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus[7] (6) Coronavirus latest: First cases of the disease confirmed in the UK | Financial Times. (n.d.). Retrieved January 31, 2020, from https://www.ft.com/content/96bd61c2-226f-31f4-99fa-02cb85c42bf2[8] Bussell, E. H., Dangerfield, C. E., Gilligan, C. A., & Cunniffe, N. J. (2019). Applying optimal control theory to complex epidemiological models to inform real-world disease management. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 374(1776). https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0284 ***Dobré veci potrebujú svoj čas. Pomohla ti táto dávka zamyslieť sa nad niečím zmysluplným? Podpor tvoj obľúbený podcast sumou 1€, 5€ alebo 10€ (trvalý príkaz je topka!) na SK1283605207004206791985. Ďakujeme! Viac info o podpore na pravidelnadavka.sk/#chcem-podporit 

Are people willing to compromise their values and blindly obey authority figures given the right circumstances? Stanley Milgram certainly believed so. We'll examine this classic psychological experiment and present some ways it this hypothesis could be flawed. References: Cherry, K. (2019, September 16). Milgram's experiments and the perils of obedience. Retrieved January 10, 2020, from https://www.verywellmind.com/ the-milgram-obedience-experiment-2795243 McLeod, S. A. (2017, Feb 05). The Milgram shock experiment. Simply Psychology. https://www.simplypsychology.org/milgram.html Milgram experiment. (n.d.). Retrieved January 10, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milgramexperiment#Criticalreception Romm, C. (2015, January 8). Rethinking one of psychology's most infamous experiments. The Atlantic. Retrieved from https://www.theatlantic.com/ health/archive/2015/01/rethinking-one-of-psychologys-most-infamous experiments/384913/

Bienvenidos familia a otro Mini Miércoles! hoy les traemos la triste historia de "The Boy in the Box" o el niño de la caja, su caso sigue sin resolver y aún está abierto. NO SE OLVIDEN DE SEGUIRNOS EN NUESTRAS REDES SOCIALES: INSTAGRAM: @juegodeasesinos_podcast Facebook: juego de asesinos podcast .. . , fuentes para la realización de este episodio: 1. ^ Jump up to: a b "John Doe 1957". missingkids.org. National Center for Missing & Exploited Children. 21 March 2016. Retrieved 22 March 2016. 2. ^ "4UMPA". The Doe Network. 23 July 2006. Retrieved 9 November 2019. 3. ^ "NamUs UP# 13111". National Missing and Unidentified Persons System. 18 November 2014. Retrieved 9 November 2019. 4. ^ "The Boy in the Box Mystery". americasunknownchild.net. Retrieved 26 June 2013. 5. ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Boy Missing". Philadelphia City Paper. January 8, 2015. Archived from the original on January 17, 2015. Retrieved January 12, 2015. 6. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "Boy in the Box". courttv.com. p. 2. Archived from the original on February 2, 2003. Retrieved 2012-04-27. 7. ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Who Is The Boy In The Box?". Philadelphia Magazine. November 2003. Retrieved September 5, 2016. 8. ^ Jump up to: a b c "americasunknownchild.net". Retrieved 2012-04-27. 9. ^ "Exclusive: The woman behind the scenes who helped capture the Golden State Killer". East Bay Times. 2018-08-24. Retrieved 2018-08-28. 10. ^ Jump up to: a b "Topic: The Foster Family". americasunknownchild.net. Retrieved 2012-04-27. 11. ^ "Boy in the Box". courttv.com. p. 4. Archived from the original on 2008-12-22. Retrieved 2012-04-27. 12. ^ Jump up to: a b c Blacher, Mitch (2 March 2016). "New Theory in Decades-Old 'Boy in the Box' Cold Case". NBC 10 Investigates. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: NBC. Retrieved 4 March 2016. 13. ^ "americasunknownchild.net". americasunknownchild.net. Retrieved 2012-04-27. 14. ^ Cuellar, Dann (21 May 2008). "NEW THEORY FOR "BOY IN THE BOX"". ABC Action News 6. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: ABC. Retrieved 4 March 2016. . . musica:

Bienvenidos familia a otro Mini Miércoles! hoy les traemos la triste historia de "The Boy in the Box" o el niño de la caja, su caso sigue sin resolver y aún está abierto. NO SE OLVIDEN DE SEGUIRNOS EN NUESTRAS REDES SOCIALES: INSTAGRAM: @juegodeasesinos_podcast Facebook: juego de asesinos podcast .. . , fuentes para la realización de este episodio: 1. ^ Jump up to: a b "John Doe 1957". missingkids.org. National Center for Missing & Exploited Children. 21 March 2016. Retrieved 22 March 2016. 2. ^ "4UMPA". The Doe Network. 23 July 2006. Retrieved 9 November 2019. 3. ^ "NamUs UP# 13111". National Missing and Unidentified Persons System. 18 November 2014. Retrieved 9 November 2019. 4. ^ "The Boy in the Box Mystery". americasunknownchild.net. Retrieved 26 June 2013. 5. ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Boy Missing". Philadelphia City Paper. January 8, 2015. Archived from the original on January 17, 2015. Retrieved January 12, 2015. 6. ^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "Boy in the Box". courttv.com. p. 2. Archived from the original on February 2, 2003. Retrieved 2012-04-27. 7. ^ Jump up to: a b c d "Who Is The Boy In The Box?". Philadelphia Magazine. November 2003. Retrieved September 5, 2016. 8. ^ Jump up to: a b c "americasunknownchild.net". Retrieved 2012-04-27. 9. ^ "Exclusive: The woman behind the scenes who helped capture the Golden State Killer". East Bay Times. 2018-08-24. Retrieved 2018-08-28. 10. ^ Jump up to: a b "Topic: The Foster Family". americasunknownchild.net. Retrieved 2012-04-27. 11. ^ "Boy in the Box". courttv.com. p. 4. Archived from the original on 2008-12-22. Retrieved 2012-04-27. 12. ^ Jump up to: a b c Blacher, Mitch (2 March 2016). "New Theory in Decades-Old 'Boy in the Box' Cold Case". NBC 10 Investigates. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: NBC. Retrieved 4 March 2016. 13. ^ "americasunknownchild.net". americasunknownchild.net. Retrieved 2012-04-27. 14. ^ Cuellar, Dann (21 May 2008). "NEW THEORY FOR "BOY IN THE BOX"". ABC Action News 6. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: ABC. Retrieved 4 March 2016. . . musica:

It's hard to comprehend that there are parents who intentionally make their children sick. We'll examine one of the most notorious cases of Munchausen by Proxy that eventually escalated to murder. References: Baron Munchausen. (n.d.). Retrieved January 26, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baron_Munchausen Kahan, B., & Yorker, B. C. (1991). Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy: Clinical Review and Legal Issues. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 9(1), 73–83. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsl.2370090109 Kettler, S. (2019, April 4). The story of Gypsy Rose Blanchard and her mother. Retrieved January 26, 2020, from https://www.biography.com/news/ gypsy-rose-blanchard-mother-dee-dee-murder Rogers, R. (2004). Diagnostic, Explanatory, and Detection Models of Munchausen by Proxy: Extrapolations from Malingering and Deception. Child Abuse & Neglect: The International Journal, 28(2), 225–238. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=shib&db=eric&AN=EJ731568&site=eds-live Rossi, A. (Producer), & Carr, E. L. (Director). (2017). Mommy dead and dearest [Motion picture]. USA: HBO. Unal, E. O., Unal, V., Gul, A., Celtek, M., Dıken, B., & Balcıoglu, İ. (2017). A serial Munchausen syndrome by proxy. Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine, 39(5), 671-674. https://doi.org/10.4103/ 0253-7176.217017 Yates, G. g. peter. yates@gmail. co., & Bass, C. christopher. bass@oxfordhealth. nhs. u. (2017). The perpetrators of medical child abuse (Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy) – A systematic review of 796 cases. Child Abuse & Neglect, 72, 45–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.07.008

Hosts Rekaya Gibson and Angela Spears share their thoughts about the men’s college basketball rankings. They discuss top teams to watch for the 2020 NCAA tournament. They also talk about the unranked Virginia Cavaliers, the 2019 Men’s College Basketball National Champion. #KeepItSporty Source: NCAA Rankings (games through January 22, 2020). Retrieved January 23, 2020. Web. Podcast Sponsored by Cuisine Noir Magazine www.cuisinenoirmag.com Download the Free Android App for BGTS https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.blackgirlstalksports.android.girls Support Us on Patreon http://www.patreon.com/blackgirlstalksports Join Us on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/BlackGirlsTalkSports/

What if you were stranded alone on a deserted island? How would you survive? We'll explore what made Chuck Noland particularly equipped for withstanding his 4 years of solitude. References: Analemma. In The Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Retrieved January 3, 2020, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/analemma Analemma. (n.d.). Retrieved January 3, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Analemma Bhargav, M. (2016, May 29). "Cast Away,"- The psychological perspective [Blog post]. Retrieved from https://madhavbhargav.wordpress.com/2016/05/29/ cast-away-the-psychological-perspective/ Jose, N. (2018, November 13). 'Cast Away,' explained. Retrieved January 3, 2020, from https://www.thecinemaholic.com/cast-away-ending/ The Martian and Cast Away: Separated at birth. (2015, October 29). Retrieved January 3, 2020, from https://www.shrinktank.com/ the-martian-and-cast-away-separated-at-birth/ McAndrew, F. T. (2016, November 12). The perils of social isolation [Blog post]. Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/out-the-ooze/201611/ the-perils-social-isolation Psychological concepts in Cast Away [Blog post]. (2013, February 25). Retrieved from https://srfoster1994.wordpress.com/2013/02/25/ psychological-concepts-in-cast-away/ Psychology seen in cast away [Blog post]. (n.d.). Retrieved from Dalton's Blog: http://daltonhudgins.blogspot.com/2012/02/psychology-seen-in-cast-away.html Robinson, S. (2019, February 3). Isolation has profound effects on the human body and brain. Here's what happens. Retrieved January 3, 2020, from https://www.sciencealert.com/ isolation-has-profound-effects-on-the-human-body-and-brain-here-s-what-happens Triarchic theory of intelligence. (n.d.). Retrieved January 3, 2020, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triarchictheoryof_intelligence Triarchic theory of intelligence. (n.d.). Retrieved January 3, 2020, from https://education.stateuniversity.com/pages/2104/ Intelligence-TRIARCHIC-THEORY-INTELLIGENCE.h Unusual ways the lonely cope. (2007, December 20). Newsweek. Retrieved from https://www.newsweek.com/unusual-ways-lonely-cope-94433 Van Dam, J. (2016, January 8). What is the specific psychological mental breakdown when Tom Hank's character in Cast Away talks to the volleyball? [Online forum post]. Retrieved from Quora website: https://www.quora.com/ What-is-the-specific-psychological-mental-breakdown-when-Tom-Hanks-character-in-C ast-Away-talks-to-the-volleyball Vinney, C. (2019, January 9). Understanding the triarchic theory of intelligence. Retrieved January 3, 2020, from https://www.thoughtco.com/ triarchic-theory-of-intelligence-4172497

Hosts Rekaya Gibson and Angela Spears discuss the International Olympic Committee’s (IOC) decision to ban protesting ahead of the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. They mention what happens if athletes violate the policies and where athletes can express their views. They also share their thoughts about the IOC’s Rule 50. When will the 2020 Summer Olympics start? It starts on July 24, 2020 and ends on August 9, 2020. The opening ceremony is July 24, 2020. The closing ceremony is August 9, 2020. Sources: Godin, M. (January 14, 2020). “Athletes Will Be Banned from Protesting at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics. But the Games Have a Long History of Political Demonstrations.” Time. Retrieved January 16, 2020. Web. “Rule 50 Guidelines Developed by the IOC Athletes’ Commission.” Retrieved January 16, 2020. Web. Podcast Sponsored by Cuisine Noir Magazine www.cuisinenoirmag.com Download the Free Android App for BGTS https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.blackgirlstalksports.android.girls Support Us on Patreon http://www.patreon.com/blackgirlstalksports Join Us on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/groups/BlackGirlsTalkSports/

Macie and Olivia discuss how routines can be utilized to create more of the life that you want and the person that you desire to be. Join us to be apart of the conversation and learning experience! We're all human, it's what we're here to do. If Ya Know Better, Ya Do Better Recommendations: Macie: Erin Condren Planners: www.erincondren.com Work-Life Balance Planner: https://www.amazon.com/bloom-daily-planners-Balance-Planning/dp/B00UM47Y08/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=bloom+work+life+balance+pad&qid=1579238238&s=office-products&sr=1-1 Own the Day - Aubrey Marcus Girl, Wash Your Face - Rachel Hollis Olivia: RISE Podcast - Rachel Hollis - Episodes 56 & 75 High Performance Habits - Brendon Burchard References from Olivia's Neuro and Psych: Gardner, B., Lally, P., & Wardle, J. (2012, December 1). Making health habitual: the psychology of 'habit-formation' and general practice. Retrieved January 7, 2020, from https://bjgp.org/content/62/605/664.full Habits: How They Form And How To Break Them. (2012, March 5). Retrieved January 7, 2020, from https://www.npr.org/2012/03/05/147192599/habits-how-they-form-and-how-to-break-them BEING Bucket Items: Macie: Designing Your Life - Bill Burnett Olivia: Good For You - Podcast by Whitney Cummings Dr. Death - Podcast by Wondery Connect with us! BEING Podcast would love to hear from you. Instagram: @being_podcast Gmail: mobeingpodcast@gmail.com Macie's Instagram: @mlb004 Olivia's Instagram: @oliviahuss1

It's hard for most people to comprehend why someone would murder their entire family. We'll examine the driving factors behind why these terrible tragedies occur. References: Characteristics of 4 types of family murders. (2018, August 8). Retrieved January 3, 2020, from https://psychcentral.com/news/2013/08/14/characteristics-of-4-types-of-family-murderers/58475.html Collins, K. (2016, August 16). Study: Family killers are usually men and fit one of four distinct profiles. Wired. Retrieved from https://www.wired.co.uk/article/family-killers Dickson, E. (2019, March 6). What drives a man to kill his own family? Inside the psychology of family annihilators. Rolling Stone. Retrieved from https://www.rollingstone.com/culture/culture-news/chris-watts-family-murder-colorado-why-803957/amp/ Familicide. (n.d.). Retrieved January 3, 2020, from https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familicide Fleming, K. (2012). The female family annihilator, restructuring traditional typologies: An exploratory study (Doctoral dissertation, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, Canada). Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/5ecc/d165799908627c74681df87a1fa8e74e0b85.pdf Guy, F. (2019). Family annihilation: The crimes and psychology of familicide. Retrieved January 3, 2020, from https://www.crimetraveller.org/2019/05/family-annihilation-crimes-psychology-familicide/amp/ Holmes, G. (2017, March 21). The anatomy of a family murder-the patterns and warning signs. Independent. Retrieved from https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/anatomy-of-family-murder-killing-spree-home-invasion-a7639966.html?amp Poteyeva, M., & Leigey, M. (2018). An examination of the mental health and negative life events of women who killed their children. Social Sciences, 7(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci7090168 Shapiro, E. (2019, February 27). When people kill close relatives: Explaining 'family annihilators'. Retrieved January 3, 2020, from https://abcnews.go.com/US/people-kill-close-relatives-explaining-family-annihilators/story?id=57305463 Skipp, C. (2010, february 10). Inside the mind of family annihilators. Newsweek. Retrieved from https://www.newsweek.com/inside-mind-family-annihilators-75225?amp=1

در این اپیزود از آجیل از روش های نوین داشتن بچه صحبت میکنیم که معروف به استفاده از رحم جایگزین هست. از ریسک هاش و داستان های متفاوت از تجربه ی مادرهای جایگزین در گوشه کنار دنیا حرف زدیم. این اپیزود با دقیقه ایی سکوت به احترام عزیزان از دست رفتمون شروع میشه ، یادشون در قلبمون همیشه ماندنیست. اینستاگرام آجیل: https://www.instagram.com/ajilpodcast/ منابع اصلی: Ahmari Tehran, H., Tashi, S., Mehran, N., Eskandari, N., & Dadkhah Tehrani, T. (2014). Emotional experiences in surrogate mothers: A qualitative study. Iranian Journal of Reproductive Medicine, 12(7), 471–480. Israeli Dads Welcome Surrogate-Born Baby In Nepal On Earthquake Day. (n.d.). NPR.Org. Retrieved January 14, 2020, from (Radiolab Podcast, Birthstory episode). https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2015/04/29/403077305/israeli-dads-welcome-surrogate-born-baby-in-nepal-on-earthquake-day Research, D. B. M. (2019, November 22). Fertility Services Market crosses USD 20 Mn with growing CAGR of 9% and expected to reach USD 41 Mn by 2026. GlobeNewswire News Room. http://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2019/11/22/1951516/0/en/Fertility-Services-Market-crosses-USD-20-Mn-with-growing-CAGR-of-9-and-expected-to-reach-USD-41-Mn-by-2026.html The Overlooked Risks of Surrogacy for Women. (n.d.). Institute for Family Studies. Retrieved January 14, 2020, from https://ifstudies.org/blog/the-overlooked-risks-of-surrogacy-for-women #شما: رحم اجاره‌ ای و مسائل اقتصادی، حقوقی و عاطفی آن در ایران. (n.d.). Retrieved January 14, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UHOaNtGPWnM

.در این اپیزود از پادکست‌ نگاهی می کنیم به تعدادی از رویدادهای فرهنگی و علمی سال ۲۰۱۹ و از آینده ی زندگی و تکنولوژی در دهه ی ۲۰۲۰ صحبت می کنیم منابع اصلی: DesMarais, C. (2019, December 27). 25 Tech Predictions for 2020. Inc.Com. https://www.inc.com/christina-desmarais/25-tech-predictions-for-2020.html Forbes. What’ll Happen In The Next Decade? Here Are 9 Predictions For The 2020s. Forbes. Retrieved January 1, 2020, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/steveforbes/2020/01/02/whatll-happen-in-the-next-decade-here-are-9-predictions-for-the-2020s/ The Most 2019 Things of the Year, Ranked. Retrieved January 2, 2020, from https://www.ranker.com/list/2019-trending-topics/amylindorff Welcome To the 2020s. Here’s The Tech That Will Change Your Life. (2020, January 1). Digital Trends. https://www.digitaltrends.com/cool-tech/2020-tech-trends-for-the-decade/

We'll look at what led to Britney's infamous 2007 "nervous breakdown" and why it has become so memorable in pop culture. References: American Psychological Association. (2000, July 2). Americans are more willing to admit to having mental health problems now compared with 40 years ago, according to new study [Press release]. Retrieved from https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2000/07/mental-health Berman, J., & Lovett, E. (2012, February 3). Britney Spears' ex, Jason Alexander, reflects on 55-hour marriage: 'I was in love'. Retrieved January 5, 2020, from http://Britney Spears' Ex, Jason Alexander, Reflects on 55-Hour Marriage: 'I Was in Love' Black, N. (n.d.). Britney Spears and Justin Timberlake: A complete history. New Idea. Retrieved from https://www.newidea.com.au/britney-spears-and-justin-timberlake Carey, B. (2010, May 31). On the verge of 'vital exhaustion'? New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/01/health/01mind.html Grohol, J. M. (2018, July 8). What is a nervous breakdown? [Blog post]. Retrieved from https://psychcentral.com/blog/what-is-a-nervous-breakdown/ Jones, I. (2019, January 3). Britney Spears's 55-hour husband wishes he hadn't been a "Nice guy". In Style. Retrieved from https://www.instyle.com/news/tbt-britney-spears-jason-alexander Kerr, M. (2019, September 6). Justin Timberlake wrote 'Cry Me A River' two hours after he and Britney Spears broke up. Retrieved January 5, 2020, from https://www.cheatsheet.com/entertainment/justin-timberlake-cry-me-a-river-britney-spears-broke-up.html/ Lawlis, F. (2008, August 14). The mental breakdown and the sleep cure [Blog post]. Retrieved from https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/redefining-stress/200808/the-mental-breakdown-and-the-sleep-cure Nowak, L. (2018, November 16). A psychotic break vs. a mental breakdown: comparing symptoms and treatment options. Retrieved January 5, 2020, from http://A Psychotic Break vs. a Mental Breakdown: Comparing Symptoms and Treatment Options Ralphy, K. (2019, November 5). Britney Soears breaking point UK documentary [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J8T695AvShw Recognizing an emotional breakdown. (2017, November 15). Retrieved January 5, 2020, from https://www.everydayhealth.com/emotional-health/recognizing-emotional-breakdown/ Reports: Britney's son fell from high chair. (2006, April 13). Retrieved January 5, 2020, from https://www.foxnews.com/story/reports-britneys-son-fell-from-high-chair Sergeant, J. (2007, January 20). Britney ditches her panties, raises eyebrows. Retrieved January 5, 2020, from https://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-spears/britney-ditches-her-panties-raises-eyebrows-idUKN3022873920061201 Vineyard, J. (2005, April 12). It's official: Britney's pregnant. Retrieved January 5, 2020, from http://www.mtv.com/news/1500021/its-official-britneys-pregnant/ Vineyard, J. (2005, September 15). Britney Spears give birth to a baby boy. Retrieved January 5, 2020, from http://www.mtv.com/news/1500021/its-official-britneys-pregnant/ Vineyard, J. (2008, January 4). Britney Spears' downward spiral: A timeline of tumult. Retrieved January 5, 2020, from http://www.mtv.com/news/1579025/britney-spears-downward-spiral-a-timeline-of-tumult/ What are the signs of a nervous breakdown? (n.d.). Retrieved January 5, 2020, from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/321018.php#takeaway

Show Notes Moe Factz with Adam Curry for December 2nd 2019, Episode number 17 Shaft Stache Shownotes Robert Townsend (actor) - Wikipedia Mon, 02 Dec 2019 13:13 American actor Robert Townsend (born February 6, 1957) is an American actor, director, comedian, and writer.[1][2] Townsend is best known for directing the films Hollywood Shuffle (1987), Eddie Murphy Raw (1987), The Meteor Man (1993), The Five Heartbeats (1991) and various other films and stand-up specials. He is especially known for his eponymous self-titled character, Robert Peterson as the starring role as on The WB sitcom The Parent 'Hood (1995''1999), a series which he created and of which directed select episodes. Townsend is also known for his role as Donald "Duck" Matthews in his 1991 film The Five Heartbeats.[3] He later wrote, directed and produced Making The Five Heartbeats (2018), a documentary film about the production process and behind the scenes insight into creating the film. Townsend is also known for his production company Townsend Entertainment [4] which has produced films Playin' for Love,[5] In the Hive and more. During the 1980s and early''1990s, Townsend gained national exposure through his stand-up comedy routines and appearances on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson. Townsend has worked with talent including Halle Berry, Morgan Freeman, Chris Tucker, Beyonc(C), Denzel Washington and many more.[6][7][8] Early life and career [ edit ] Townsend was born in Chicago, Illinois, the second of four children[9] to Shirley (n(C)e Jenkins) and Ed Townsend. His mother ended up raising him and his three siblings as a single parent. Growing up on the city's west side, Townsend attended Austin High School; graduating in 1975.[10] He became interested in acting as a teenager. During a reading of Sophocles' Oedipus Rex in high school, Townsend captured the attention of Chicago's X Bag Theatre, The Experimental Black Actors Guild. Townsend later auditioned for parts at Chicago's Experimental Black Actors' Guild and performed in local plays studying at the famed Second City comedy workshop for improvisation in 1974. Townsend had a brief uncredited role in the 1975 movie Cooley High. After high school, Townsend enrolled at Illinois State University, studied a year and later moved to New York to study at the Negro Ensemble Company. Townsend's mother believed that he should complete his college education, but he felt that college took time away from his passion for acting, and he soon dropped out of school to pursue his acting career full-time. Career [ edit ] Townsend auditioned to be part of Saturday Night Live's 1980''1981 cast, but was rejected in favor of Eddie Murphy. In 1982, Townsend appeared as one of the main characters in the PBS series Another Page, a program produced by Kentucky Educational Television that taught literacy to adults through serialized stories. Townsend later appeared in small parts in films like A Soldier's Story (1984), directed by Norman Jewison, and after its success garnered much more substantial parts in films like The Mighty Quinn (1989) with Denzel Washington.[11][12][13] In 1987, Townsend wrote, directed and produced Hollywood Shuffle, a satire based on the hardships and obstacles that black actors undergo in the film industry. The success of his first project helped him establish himself in the industry.[6][14] Another of his films was The Five Heartbeats based on 1960s R&B male groups and the tribulations of the music industry. Townsend created and produced two television variety shows'--the CableACE award''winning Robert Townsend and His Partners in Crime for HBO, and the Fox Television variety show Townsend Television (1993). He also created and starred in the WB Network's sitcom The Parent 'Hood which originally ran from January 1995 to July 1999. In 2018, Townsend also directed 2 episodes for the B.E.T. Series American Soul which began airing in 2019. The show is about Don Cornelius and Soul Train. Townsend was programming director at the Black Family Channel, but the network folded in 2007. Townsend created The Robert Townsend Foundation, a nonprofit organization whose mission is to introduce and help new unsigned filmmakers. Awards and other credits [ edit ] Townsend directed the 2001 TV movie, Livin' for Love: The Natalie Cole Story for which Cole won the NAACP Image Award as Outstanding Actress in a Television Movie, Mini-Series or Dramatic Special. Townsend also directed two television movies in 2001 and 2002 respectively, Carmen: A Hip Hopera and 10,000 Black Men Named George. In 2013 Townsend was nominated for an Ovation Award in the category of "Lead Actor in a Musical" for his role as Dan in the La Mirada Theatre for the Performing Arts production of Next to Normal.[15] Personal life [ edit ] Townsend was married to Cheri Jones[16] from September 15, 1990, to August 9, 2001.[17] Together they have two daughters, Sierra and Skylar (Skye Townsend), both entertainers, and a son, Isiah.[6] Filmography [ edit ] Further reading [ edit ] Alexander, George. Why We Make Movies: Black Filmmakers Talk About the Magic of Cinema. Harlem Moon. 2003.Collier, Aldore. "Robert Townsend: a new kind of Hollywood dreamer. Actor-producer-director plans to make films that uplift and transform Black audiences". Ebony Magazine. 1 June 1991.Rogers, Brent. Robert Townsend Article in Perspectives. Sustaining Digital History, 12 November 2007.References [ edit ] ^ "Robert Townsend". The New York Times. ^ "As Robert Townsend Sees It : He's Fighting Stereotypes With 'Meteor Man' and New TV Show". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 2010-10-10 . ^ The Five Heartbeats , retrieved 2019-09-16 ^ "Townsend Entertainment - IMDbPro". pro.imdb.com . Retrieved 2018-03-06 . ^ "Playin' For Love". Black Cinema Connection. 2014-11-05 . Retrieved 2018-03-06 . ^ a b c "About". Robert Townsend. Archived from the original on 2011-07-14. ^ "Carmen: A Hip Hopera", Wikipedia, 2019-08-09 , retrieved 2019-09-17 ^ B*A*P*S , retrieved 2019-09-17 ^ "Townsend, Robert (1957-)". BlackPast.Org. 2008 . Retrieved September 18, 2017 . ^ "1975 Austin High School Yearbook (Chicago, Illinois)". Classmates.com. 1975 . Retrieved September 18, 2017 . ^ Vincent Canby, "Review/Film; Tropical Murder", The New York Times, February 17, 1989. ^ The Mighty Quinn , retrieved 2019-09-17 ^ A Soldier's Story , retrieved 2019-09-17 ^ Hollywood Shuffle , retrieved 2019-09-17 ^ "2013 Ovation Awards Nominees '-- South by Southeast". thisstage.la. LA STAGE Alliance. September 16, 2013 . Retrieved 2017-04-21 . ^ "The Week's Best Photo". Google Books. JET Magazine. March 25, 1991 . Retrieved September 18, 2017 . ^ Gimenes, Erika (2001). "Robert Townsend to divorce". Hollywood.com . Retrieved September 18, 2017 . ^ "Jackie's Back! (1999)" at IMDb. External links [ edit ] Robert Townsend on IMDbRobert Townsend (Official Website) (9) Charles Woods (The Professor) - Hollywood's Tricknology: Mandingo To Malcolm X - YouTube Mon, 02 Dec 2019 12:59 Tyler Perry Mon, 02 Dec 2019 12:57 Tyler Perry is a world-renowned producer, director, actor, screenwriter, playwright, author, songwriter, entrepreneur, and philanthropist. Tyler Perry's Story Tyler Perry is a world-renowned producer, director, actor, screenwriter, playwright, author, songwriter, entrepreneur, and philanthropist. Read His Story Outreach Since 2006, The Perry Foundation's aim has been to transform tragedy into triumph by empowering the economically disadvantaged to achieve a better quality of life. We focus on health and clean water, education and technology, arts and culture, and globally-sustainable economic development. Get Involved Visit Website You are viewing Tyler Perry Entertainment. If you'd like to view the Tyler Perry Studios, click here. Black writers courageously staring down the white gaze '' this is why we all must read them | Stan Grant | Opinion | The Guardian Mon, 02 Dec 2019 12:46 The white gaze '' it is a phrase that resonates in black American literature. Writers from WEB Du Bois to Ralph Ellison to James Baldwin and Toni Morrison have struggled with it and railed against it. As Morrison '' a Nobel Laureate '' once said: Our lives have no meaning, no depth without the white gaze. And I have spent my entire writing life trying to make sure that the white gaze was not the dominant one in any of my books. The white gaze: it traps black people in white imaginations. It is the eyes of a white schoolteacher who sees a black student and lowers expectations. It is the eyes of a white cop who sees a black person and looks twice '' or worse, feels for a gun. Du Bois explored this more than a century ago in his book The Souls of Black Folk, reflecting on his conversations with white people and the ensuing delicate dance around the ''Negro problem''. Between me and the other world there is an ever unasked question'.... All, nevertheless, flutter around it ... Instead of saying directly, how does it feel to be a problem? They say, I know an excellent coloured man in my town ... To the real question '... I answer seldom a word. Baldwin was as ever more direct and piercing, writing in his book Nobody Knows My Name. I have spent most of my life ... watching white people and outwitting them so that I might survive. The flame has passed to a new generation. In 2015 three more black writers have stared down the white gaze. In their own ways Ta-Nehisi Coates, Claudia Rankine and George Yancy have held up a mirror to white America. These are uncompromising and fearless voices. Coates' searing essay Between The World And Me critiques America against a backdrop of black deaths at the hands of police. He says the country's history is rooted in slavery and the assault against the black body. In the form of a letter to his son, Coates writes: Here is what I would like for you to know: In America it is traditional to destroy the black body '' it is heritage. In Citizen '' An American Lyric, poet Rankine reflects on the black experience from the victims of Hurricane Katrina, or Trayvon Martin, a 17 year-old black youth shot dead by a neighbourhood watch volunteer who was acquitted, or black tennis star Serena Williams. In each case Rankine sees lives framed by whiteness. She writes: Because white men can't police their imagination, black men are dying. Philosophy Professor George Yancy just last week penned a letter in the New York Times addressed to ''Dear White America''. He asks his countrymen to listen with love, and to look at those things that might cause pain and terror. All white people, he says, benefit from racism and this means each, in their own way, are racist. '...don't run to seek shelter from your own racism'...practice being vulnerable. Being neither a ''good'' white person, nor a liberal white person will get you off the proverbial hook. Their unflinching work is not tempered by the fact a black man is in the White House '' that only makes their voices more urgent. Coates, Rankine, Yancy '' each has been variously praised and awarded, yet each has been pilloried as well. This is inevitable when some people don't like what the mirror reflects. It takes courage for a black person to speak to a white world, a world that can render invisible people of colour, unless they begin to more closely resemble white people themselves '' an education, a house in the suburbs, a good job, lighter skin. In Australia, too, black voices are defying the white gaze. We may not have the popular cut through of a Morrison or a Baldwin or a Coates, but we have a proud tradition '' Oodgeroo Noonuccal, Kevin Gilbert, Ruby Langford or more recently Kim Scott, Alexis Wright, Anita Heiss. I have spent some time recently reading some of the most powerful works of Indigenous writers. Their styles and genres are many and varied but there is a common and powerful theme of defiance and survival. This is a world so instantly recognisable to us '' Indigenous people '' but still so foreign to white Australia. Natalie Harkin's book of poetry, Dirty Words, is a subversive dictionary that turns English words back on their users: A is apology, B is for Boat People '... G is for Genocide ... S for Survival. ''How do you dream,'' she writes, ''When your lucky country does not sleep''. Bruce Pascoe's Dark Emu challenges the white stereotype of the ''primitive hunter gatherer''. He says the economy and culture of Indigenous people has been grossly undervalued. He cites journals and diaries of explorers and colonists to reveal the industry and ingenuity of pre-colonial Aboriginal society. He says it is a window into a world of people building dams and wells and houses, irrigating and harvesting seed and creating elaborate cemeteries. Pascoe's work demands to be taught in our schools. Tony Birch is an acclaimed novelist and his latest Ghost River is remarkable. It is the story of two friends navigating the journey into adulthood guided by the men of the river '' men others may see as homeless and hopeless. It is a work infused with a sense of place and belonging. Ellen Van Neerven's Heat and Light is a genre-busting mystical journey into identity: sexual, racial and national. It is provocative and challenging and mind bending, and altogether stunning. You won't find many of these titles in the annual best book lists. Occasionally they pop up, but not as often as they deserve. You probably won't hear much of Samuel Wagan Watson's Love Poems and Death Threats, or Ken Canning's Yimbama, or Lionel Fogarty's Eelahroo (Long Ago) Nyah (Looking) Mobo-Mobo (Future). That these works are not more widely read is a national shame. In our busy lives, try to find time for some of these books in 2016 '' read with the courage of these writers. George Yancy asks white Americans to become ''un-sutured'', to open themselves up and let go of their white innocence. Why is this important? Well, for white people it may simply be a matter of choice '' the fate of black people may not affect them. For us it is survival '' the white gaze means we die young, are locked up and locked out of work and education. We hear a lot about recognition '' acknowledging Indigenous people in the Australian constitution. But there is another recognition '' recognising the pervasive and too often destructive role of race in our lives, and the need to lift our gaze above it. Queen | Definition of Queen by Merriam-Webster Mon, 02 Dec 2019 12:40 To save this word, you'll need to log in. \ ËkwÄ'n \ 1 a : the wife or widow of a king b : the wife or widow of a tribal chief 2 a : a female monarch b : a female chieftain 3 a : a woman eminent in rank, power, or attractions a movie queen b : a goddess or a thing personified as female and having supremacy in a specified realm c : an attractive girl or woman especially : a beauty contest winner 4 : the most privileged piece of each color in a set of chessmen having the power to move in any direction across any number of unoccupied squares 5 : a playing card marked with a stylized figure of a queen 6 : the fertile fully developed female of social bees, ants, and termites whose function is to lay eggs 7 : a mature female cat kept especially for breeding 8 slang , often disparaging : a male homosexual especially : an effeminate one queened ; queening ; queens intransitive verb 1 : to act like a queen especially : to put on airs '-- usually used with it queens it over her friends 2 : to become a queen in chess the pawn queens Pan-Africanism - Wikipedia Mon, 02 Dec 2019 12:37 Worldwide movement that aims to encourage and strengthen bonds of solidarity between all people of African descent Pan-Africanism is a worldwide movement that aims to encourage and strengthen bonds of solidarity between all indigenous and diasporan ethnic groups of African descent. Based on a common goal dating back to the Atlantic slave trade, the movement extends beyond continental Africans with a substantial support base among the African diaspora in the Caribbean, Latin America, the United States and Canada and Europe.[1][2] It is based on the belief that unity is vital to economic, social, and political progress and aims to "unify and uplift" people of African descent.[3] The ideology asserts that the fate of all African people and countries[clarification needed ] are intertwined. At its core Pan-Africanism is a belief that ''African people, both on the continent and in the diaspora, share not merely a common history, but a common destiny".[4] Pan-Africanist intellectual, cultural, and political movements tend to view all Africans and descendants of Africans as belonging to a single "race" and sharing cultural unity. Pan-Africanism posits a sense of a shared historical fate for Africans in the Americas, West Indies, and, on the continent itself, has centered on the Atlantic trade in slaves, African slavery, and European imperialism.[5] The Organization of African Unity (now the African Union) was established in 1963 to safeguard the sovereignty and territorial integrity of its Member States and to promote global relations within the framework of the United Nations.[6] The African Union Commission has its seat in Addis Ababa and the Pan-African Parliament has its seat in Johannesburg and Midrand. Overview [ edit ] Pan-Africanism stresses the need for "collective self-reliance".[7] Pan-Africanism exists as a governmental and grassroots objective. Pan-African advocates include leaders such as Haile Selassie, Julius Nyerere, Ahmed S(C)kou Tour(C), Kwame Nkrumah, King Sobhuza II, Thomas Sankara and Muammar Gaddafi, grassroots organizers such as Marcus Garvey and Malcolm X, academics such as W. E. B. Du Bois, and others in the diaspora.[8][9][10] Pan-Africanists believe that solidarity will enable the continent to fulfill its potential to independently provide for all its people. Crucially, an all-African alliance would empower African people globally. The realization of the Pan-African objective would lead to "power consolidation in Africa", which "would compel a reallocation of global resources, as well as unleashing a fiercer psychological energy and political assertion...that would unsettle social and political (power) structures...in the Americas".[11] Advocates of Pan-Africanism'--i.e. "Pan-Africans" or "Pan-Africanists"'--often champion socialist principles and tend to be opposed to external political and economic involvement on the continent. Critics accuse the ideology of homogenizing the experience of people of African descent. They also point to the difficulties of reconciling current divisions within countries on the continent and within communities in the diaspora.[11] History [ edit ] As a philosophy, Pan-Africanism represents the aggregation of the historical, cultural, spiritual, artistic, scientific, and philosophical legacies of Africans from past times to the present. Pan-Africanism as an ethical system traces its origins from ancient times, and promotes values that are the product of the African civilisations and the struggles against slavery, racism, colonialism, and neo-colonialism.[8] Alongside a large number of slaves insurrections, by the end of the 19th century a political movement developed across the Americas, Europe and Africa that sought to weld disparate movements into a network of solidarity, putting an end to oppression. Another important political form of a religious Pan-Africanist worldview appeared in the form of Ethiopianism.[12] In London, the Sons of Africa was a political group addressed by Quobna Ottobah Cugoano in the 1791 edition of his book Thoughts and Sentiments on the Evil of Slavery. The group addressed meetings and organised letter-writing campaigns, published campaigning material and visited parliament. They wrote to figures such as Granville Sharp, William Pitt and other members of the white abolition movement, as well as King George III and the Prince of Wales, the future George IV. Modern Pan-Africanism began around the start of the 20th century. The African Association, later renamed the Pan-African Association, was established around 1897 by Henry Sylvester-Williams, who organized the First Pan-African Conference in London in 1900.[13][14][15] With the independence of Ghana in March 1957, Kwame Nkrumah was elected as the first Prime Minister and President of the State.[16] Nkrumah emerged as a major advocate for the unity of Independent Africa. The Ghanaian President embodied a political activist approach to pan-Africanism as he championed the "quest for regional integration of the whole of the African continent".[17] This period represented a "Golden Age of high pan-African ambitions"; the Continent had experienced revolution and decolonization from Western powers and the narrative of rebirth and solidarity had gained momentum within the pan-African movement.[17] Nkrumah's pan-African principles intended for a union between the Independent African states upon a recognition of their commonality (i.e. suppression under imperialism). Pan-Africanism under Nkrumah evolved past the assumptions of a racially exclusive movement associated with black Africa, and adopted a political discourse of regional unity [18] In April 1958, Nkrumah hosted the first All-African Peoples' Conference (AAPC) in Accra, Ghana. This Conference invited delegates of political movements and major political leaders. With the exception of South Africa, all Independent States of the Continent attended: Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Liberia, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia and Sudan.[18] This Conference signified a monumental event in the pan-African movement, as it revealed a political and social union between those considered Arabic states and the black African regions. Further, the Conference espoused a common African Nationalist identity, among the States, of unity and anti-Imperialism. Frantz Fanon, journalist, freedom fighter and a member of the Algerian FLN party attended the conference as a delegate for Algeria.[19] Considering the armed struggle of the FLN against French colonial rule, the attendees of the Conference agreed to support the struggle of those States under colonial oppression. This encouraged the commitment of direct involvement in the "emancipation of the Continent; thus, a fight against colonial pressures on South Africa was declared and the full support of the FLN struggle in Algeria, against French colonial rule"".[20] In the years following 1958, Accra Conference also marked the establishment of a new foreign policy of non-alignment as between the US and USSR, and the will to establish an "African Identity" in global affairs by advocating a unity between the African States on international relations. "This would be based on the Bandung Declaration, the Charter of the UN and on loyalty to UN decisions."[20] In 1959, Nkrumah, President S(C)kou Tour(C) of Guinea and President William Tubman of Liberia met at Sanniquellie and signed the Sanniquellie Declaration outlining the principles for the achievement of the unity of Independent African States whilst maintaining a national identity and autonomous constitutional structure.[21][22] The Declaration called for a revised understanding of pan-Africanism and the uniting of the Independent States. In 1960, the second All-African Peoples' Conference was held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.[23] The membership of the All-African Peoples' Organisation (AAPO) had increased with the inclusion of the "Algerian Provisional Government (as they had not yet won independence), Cameroun, Guinea, Nigeria, Somalia and the United Arab Republic".[24] The Conference highlighted diverging ideologies within the movement, as Nkrumah's call for a political and economic union between the Independent African States gained little agreement. The disagreements following 1960 gave rise to two rival factions within the pan-African movement: the Casablanca Bloc and the Brazzaville Bloc.[25] In 1962, Algeria gained independence from French colonial rule and Ahmed Ben Bella assumed Presidency. Ben Bella was a strong advocate for pan-Africanism and an African Unity. Following the FLN's armed struggle for liberation, Ben Bella spoke at the UN and espoused for Independent Africa's role in providing military and financial support to the African liberation movements opposing apartheid and fighting Portuguese colonialism.[26] In search of a united voice, in 1963 at an African Summit conference in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 32 African states met and established the Organization of African Unity (OAU). The creation of the OAU Charter took place at this Summit and defines a coordinated "effort to raise the standard of living of member States and defend their sovereignty" by supporting freedom fighters and decolonisation.[27] Thus, was the formation of the African Liberation Committee (ALC), during the 1963 Summit. Championing the support of liberation movements, was Algeria's President Ben Bella, immediately "donated 100 million francs to its finances and was one of the first countries, of the Organisation to boycott Portuguese and South African goods".[26] In 1969, Algiers hosted the Pan-African Cultural Festival, on July 21 and it continued for eight days.[28] At this moment in history, Algeria stood as a ''beacon of African and Third-World militancy,''[28] and would come to inspire fights against colonialism around the world. The festival attracted thousands from African states and the African Diaspora, including the Black Panthers. It represented the application of the tenets of the Algerian revolution to the rest of Africa, and symbolized the re-shaping of the definition of pan-African identity under the common experience of colonialism.[28] The Festival further strengthened Algeria's President, Boumediene's standing in Africa and the Third World.[28] After the death of Kwame Nkrumah in 1972, Muammar Qaddafi assumed the mantle of leader of the Pan-Africanist movement and became the most outspoken advocate of African Unity, like Nkrumah before him '' for the advent of a "United States of Africa".[29] In the United States, the term is closely associated with Afrocentrism, an ideology of African-American identity politics that emerged during the civil rights movement of the 1960s to 1970s.[30] Concept [ edit ] As originally conceived by Henry Sylvester-Williams (although some historians[who? ] credit the idea to Edward Wilmot Blyden), Pan-Africanism referred to the unity of all continental Africa.[31] During apartheid South Africa there was a Pan Africanist Congress that dealt with the oppression of Africans in South Africa under Apartheid rule. Other pan-Africanist organisations include: Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association-African Communities League, TransAfrica and the International People's Democratic Uhuru Movement. Additionally, Pan-Africanism is seen as an endeavor to return to what are deemed by its proponents as singular, traditional African concepts about culture, society, and values. Examples of this include L(C)opold S(C)dar Senghor's N(C)gritude movement, and Mobutu Sese Seko's view of Authenticit(C). An important theme running through much pan-Africanist literature concerns the historical links between different countries on the continent, and the benefits of cooperation as a way of resisting imperialism and colonialism. In the 21st century, some Pan-Africanists aim to address globalisation and the problems of environmental justice. For instance, at the conference "Pan-Africanism for a New Generation"[32] held at the University of Oxford, June 2011, Ledum Mittee, the current president of the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP), argued that environmental justice movements across the African continent should create horizontal linkages in order to better protect the interests of threatened peoples and the ecological systems in which they are embedded, and upon which their survival depends. Some universities went as far as creating "Departments of Pan-African Studies" in the late 1960s. This includes the California State University, where that department was founded in 1969 as a direct reaction to the civil rights movement, and is today dedicated to "teaching students about the African World Experience", to "demonstrate to the campus and the community the richness, vibrance, diversity, and vitality of African, African American, and Caribbean cultures" and to "presenting students and the community with an Afrocentric analysis" of anti-black racism.[33]Syracuse University also offers a master's degree in "Pan African Studies".[34] Pan-African colors [ edit ] The flags of numerous states in Africa and of Pan-African groups use green, yellow and red. This colour combination was originally adopted from the 1897 flag of Ethiopia, and was inspired by the fact that Ethiopia is the continent's oldest independent nation,[35] thus making the Ethiopian green, yellow and red the closest visual representation of Pan-Africanism. This is in comparison to the Black Nationalist flag, representing political theory centred around the eugenicist caste-stratified colonial Americas.[36] The UNIA (Universal Negro Improvement Association) flag, is a tri-color flag consisting of three equal horizontal bands of (from top down) red, black and green. The UNIA formally adopted it on August 13, 1920,[37] during its month-long convention at Madison Square Garden in New York.[38][39] Variations of the flag have been used in various countries and territories in Africa and the Americas to represent Black Nationalist ideologies. Among these are the flags of Malawi, Kenya and Saint Kitts and Nevis. Several Pan-African organizations and movements have also often employed the emblematic red, black and green tri-color scheme in variety of contexts. Maafa studies [ edit ] Maafa is an aspect of Pan-African studies. The term collectively refers to 500 years of suffering (including the present) of people of African heritage through slavery, imperialism, colonialism, and other forms of oppression.[40][41] In this area of study, both the actual history and the legacy of that history are studied as a single discourse. The emphasis in the historical narrative is on African agents, as opposed to non-African agents.[42] Political parties and organizations [ edit ] In Africa [ edit ] Organisation of African Unity, succeeded by the African UnionAfrican Unification FrontRassemblement D(C)mocratique AfricainAll-African People's Revolutionary PartyConvention People's Party (Ghana)Pan-African Renaissance[43]Economic Freedom Fighters (South Africa)Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (South Africa)In the Caribbean [ edit ] The Pan-African Affairs Commission for Pan-African Affairs, a unit within the Office of the Prime Minister of Barbados.[44]African Society for Cultural Relations with Independent Africa (Guyana)Antigua Caribbean Liberation Movement (Antigua and Barbuda)Clement Payne Movement (Barbados)Marcus Garvey People's Political Party (Jamaica)Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (Jamaica)In the United Kingdom [ edit ] Pan-African FederationIn the United States [ edit ] The Council on African Affairs (CAA): founded in 1937 by Max Yergan and Paul Robeson, the CAA was the first major U.S. organization whose focus was on providing pertinent and up-to-date information about Pan-Africanism across the United States, particularly to African Americans. Probably the most successful campaign of the Council was for South African famine relief in 1946. The CAA was hopeful that, following World War II, there would be a move towards Third World independence under the trusteeship of the United Nations.[45] To the CAA's dismay, the proposals introduced by the U.S. government to the conference in April/May 1945 set no clear limits on the duration of colonialism and no motions towards allowing territorial possessions to move towards self-government.[45] Liberal supporters abandoned the CAA, and the federal government cracked down on its operations. In 1953 the CAA was charged with subversion under the McCarran Internal Security Act. Its principal leaders, including Robeson, W. E. B. Du Bois, and Alphaeus Hunton (1903''70), were subjected to harassment, indictments, and in the case of Hunton, imprisonment. Under the weight of internal disputes, government repression, and financial hardships, the Council on African Affairs disbanded in 1955.[46]The US Organization was founded in 1965 by Maulana Karenga, following the Watts riots. It is based on the synthetic African philosophy of kawaida, and is perhaps best known for creating Kwanzaa and the Nguzo Saba ("seven principles"). In the words of its founder and chair, Karenga, "the essential task of our organization Us has been and remains to provide a philosophy, a set of principles and a program which inspires a personal and social practice that not only satisfies human need but transforms people in the process, making them self-conscious agents of their own life and liberation".[47]Pan-African concepts and philosophies [ edit ] Afrocentric Pan-Africanism [ edit ] Afrocentric Pan-Africanism is espoused by Kwabena Faheem Ashanti in his book The Psychotechnology of Brainwashing: Crucifying Willie Lynch. Another newer movement that has evolved from the early Afrocentric school is the Afrisecal movement or Afrisecaism of Francis Ohanyido, a Nigerian philosopher-poet.[48] Black Nationalism is sometimes associated with this form of pan-Africanism. Kawaida [ edit ] Hip hop [ edit ] Since the late 1970s, hip hop has emerged as a powerful force that has partly shaped black identity worldwide. In his 2005 article "Hip-hop Turns 30: Whatcha Celebratin' For?", Greg Tate describes hip-hop culture as the product of a Pan-African state of mind. It is an "ethnic enclave/empowerment zone that has served as a foothold for the poorest among us to get a grip on the land of the prosperous".[49] Hip-hop unifies those of African descent globally in its movement towards greater economic, social and political power. Andreana Clay in her article "Keepin' it Real: Black Youth, Hip-Hop Culture, and Black Identity" states that hip-hop provides the world with "vivid illustrations of Black lived experience", creating bonds of black identity across the globe.[50] From a Pan-African perspective, Hip-Hop Culture can be a conduit to authenticate a black identity, and in doing so, creates a unifying and uplifting force among Africans that Pan-Africanism sets out to achieve. Pan-African art [ edit ] Further information on pan-African film festivals see: FESPACO and PAFFSee also [ edit ] Literature [ edit ] Hakim Adi & Marika Sherwood, Pan-African History: Political Figures from Africa and the Diaspora Since 1787, London: Routledgem 2003.Imanuel Geiss, Panafrikanismus. Zur Geschichte der Dekolonisation. Habilitation, EVA, Frankfurt am Main, 1968, English as: The Pan-African Movement, London: Methuen, 1974, ISBN 0-416-16710-1, and as: The Pan-African Movement. A history of Pan-Africanism in America, Europe and Africa, New York: Africana Publ., 1974, ISBN 0-8419-0161-9.Colin Legum, Pan-Africanism: A Short Political Guide, revised edition, New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1965.Tony Martin, Pan-African Connection: From Slavery to Garvey and Beyond, Dover: The Majority Press, 1985.References [ edit ] ^ Austin, David (Fall 2007). "All Roads Led to Montreal: Black Power, the Caribbean and the Black Radical Tradition in Canada". Journal of African American History. 92 (4): 516''539 . Retrieved March 30, 2019 . ^ Oloruntoba-Oju, Omotayo (December 2012). "Pan Africanism, Myth and History in African and Caribbean Drama". Journal of Pan African Studies. 5 (8): 190 ff. ^ Frick, Janari, et al. (2006), History: Learner's Book, p. 235, South Africa: New Africa Books. ^ Makalani, Minkah (2011), "Pan-Africanism". Africana Age. ^ New Dictionary of the History of Ideas. The Gale Group, Inc. 2005. ^ About the African Union Archived January 29, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. ^ "The objectives of the PAP", The Pan-African Parliament '' 2014 and beyond. ^ a b Falola, Toyin; Essien, Kwame (2013). Pan-Africanism, and the Politics of African Citizenship and Identity. London: Routledge. pp. 71''72. ISBN 1135005192 . Retrieved September 26, 2015 . ^ Goebel, Anti-Imperial Metropolis, pp. 250''278. ^ Maguire, K., "Ghana re-evaluates Nkrumah", GlobalPost, October 21, 2009. Retrieved September 13, 2012. ^ a b Agyeman, O., Pan-Africanism and Its Detractors: A Response to Harvard's Race Effacing Universalists, Harvard University Press (1998), cited in Mawere, Munyaradzi; Tapuwa R. Mubaya, African Philosophy and Thought Systems: A Search for a Culture and Philosophy of Belonging, Langaa RPCIG (2016), p. 89. ISBN 9789956763016. Retrieved August 23, 2018. ^ "Pan-Africanism". exhibitions.nypl.org . Retrieved February 16, 2017 . ^ "A history of Pan-Africanism", New Internationalist, 326, August 2000. ^ The History of Pan Africanism, PADEAP (Pan African Development Education and Advocacy Programme). ^ Lubin, Alex, "The Contingencies of Pan-Africanism", Geographies of Liberation: The Making of an Afro-Arab Political Imaginary, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2014, p. 71. ^ Smith-Asante, E., "Biography of Ghana's first President, Dr Kwame Nkrumah", Graphic Online, March 8, 2016. Retrieved March 23, 2017. ^ a b Mkandawire, P. (2005). African Intellectuals: Rethinking Politics, Language, Gender and Development, Dakar: Codesria/London: Zed Books, p. 58. Retrieved March 23, 2017. ^ a b Legum, C. (1965). Pan-Africanism: a short political guide, New York, etc.: Frederick A. Praeger, p. 41. ^ Adi, H., & M. Sherwood (2003). Pan-African History: Political Figures from Africa and the Diaspora Since 1787, London: Routledge, p. 66. ^ a b Legum (1965). Pan-Africanism, p. 42. ^ Adi & Sherwood (2003). Pan-African History, p. 179. ^ Legum (1965), Pan-Africanism, p. 45. ^ Legum (1965). Pan-Africanism, p. 46. ^ Legum (1965), Pan-Africanism, p. 47. ^ Martin, G. (2012). African Political Thought, New York: Palgrave Macmillan. ^ a b Adi & Sherwood (2003), Pan-African History, p. 10. ^ "African states unite against white rule", ON THIS DAY | May25. BBC News. Retrieved March 23, 2017. ^ a b c d Evans, M., & J. Phillips (2008). Algeria: Anger of the Dispossessed, Yale University Press, pp. 97''98. ^ Martin, G. (December 23, 2012). African Political Thought. Springer. ISBN 9781137062055. ^ See e.g. Ronald W. Walters, Pan Africanism in the African Diaspora: An Analysis of Modern Afrocentric Political Movements, African American Life Series, Wayne State University Press, 1997, p. 68. ^ Campbell, Crystal Z. (December 2006). "Sculpting a Pan-African Culture in the Art of N(C)gritude: A Model for African Artist" (PDF) . The Journal of Pan African Studies. Archived from the original on June 1, 2015. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link) ^ Oxford University African Society Conference, Corpus Christi College, Oxford University, May 5, 2012. ^ "About Us". Csus.edu . Retrieved October 15, 2015 . ^ The M.A. in Pan African Studies Archived October 25, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, African American Studies at Syracuse University. ^ Smith, Whitney (2001). Flag Lore of All Nations . Millbrook Press. p. 36. ISBN 0761317538 . Retrieved October 7, 2014 . ^ Lionel K., McPherson; Shelby, Tommie (Spring 2004). "Blackness and Blood: Interpreting African American Identity" (PDF) . Philosophy and Public Affairs. 32: 171''192. ^ Wikisource contributors, "The Declaration of the Rights of the Negro Peoples of the World", Wikisource, The Free Library. (Retrieved October 6, 2007). ^ "25,000 Negroes Convene: International Gathering Will Prepare Own Bill of Rights", The New York Times, August 2, 1920. Proquest. Retrieved October 5, 2007. ^ "Negroes Adopt Bill Of Rights: Convention Approves Plan for African Republic and Sets to Work on Preparation of Constitution of the Colored Race Negro Complaints Aggression Condemned Recognition Demanded". The Christian Science Monitor, August 17, 1920. Proquest. Retrieved October 5, 2007. ^ "What Holocaust". "Glenn Reitz". Archived from the original on October 18, 2007. ^ "The Maafa, African Holocaust". Swagga. ^ Ogunleye, Tolagbe (1997). "African American Folklore: Its Role in Reconstructing African American History". Journal of Black Studies. 27 (4): 435''455. ISSN 0021-9347. ^ "Pan-African Renaissance". ^ Rodney Worrell (2005). Pan-Africanism in Barbados: An Analysis of the Activities of the Major 20th-century Pan-African Formations in Barbados. New Academia Publishing, LLC. pp. 99''102. ISBN 978-0-9744934-6-6. ^ a b Duberman, Martin. Paul Robeson, 1989, pp. 296''97. ^ "Council on African Affairs", African Activist Archive. ^ "Philosophy, Principles, and Program". The Organization Us. ^ "Francis Okechukwu Ohanyido". African Resource. ^ Tate, Greg, "Hip-hop Turns 30: Whatcha Celebratin' For?", Village Voice, January 4, 2005. ^ Clay, Andreana. "Keepin' it Real: Black Youth, Hip-Hop Culture, and Black Identity". In American Behavioral Scientist, Vol. 46.10 (2003): 1346''58. External links [ edit ] SNCC Digital Gateway: Pan-Africanism'--Digital documentary website created by the SNCC Legacy Project and Duke University, telling the story of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee & grassroots organizing from the inside-outAfrican UnionAfrican Code Unity Through DiversityA-APRP WebsiteThe Major Pan-African news and articles siteProfessor David Murphy (November 15, 2015). "The Performance of Pan-Africanism: performing black identity at major pan-African festivals, 1966''2010" (Podcast). The University of Edinburgh . Retrieved January 28, 2016 '' via Soundcloud. Ebro Darden - Wikipedia Mon, 02 Dec 2019 12:36 Ebro Darden BornIbrahim Jamil Darden ( 1975-03-17 ) March 17, 1975 (age 44) NationalityAmericanOccupationMedia executiveradio personalityYears active1990''presentKnown forHot 97 radio personalityBeats1 DJChildren1Websitewww.EbroDarden.comIbrahim "Ebro" Darden (born March 17, 1975) is an American media executive and radio personality. Until 2014, he was Vice President of Programming for Emmis Communications' New York contemporary urban station WQHT (Hot 97). He is currently a co-host on the Hot 97 morning show, Ebro in the Morning, alongside Peter Rosenberg, and Laura Stylez. As of 2015, Darden also hosts a hip hop music-based radio show on Beats 1. Early life [ edit ] Darden was born to a black father and a Jewish mother. He attended a Pentecostal church and Hebrew school while growing up in Oakland and Sacramento.[1] Career [ edit ] Start in radio [ edit ] Darden began his career in radio in 1990 at KSFM in Sacramento, California, while he was still a teenager. At KSFM he worked in research and as a sales runner until moving into programming as an intern, and later co-hosting for KSFM's night and morning shows. In 1997, he worked at KBMB in Sacramento as Programming and Music Director, as well as an afternoon host. Eventually, Darden became Operations Manager at KBMB, while also co-hosting mornings at KXJM in Portland, Oregon, in 1999. Hot 97 [ edit ] In 2003, Darden became Music Director for WQHT, ultimately becoming the Program Director for the station in 2007.[2][3][4] Darden worked alongside several past WQHT Hot 97 morning show co-hosts including Star and Bucwild, Miss Jones, DJ Envy, Sway, and Joe Budden from 2004 to 2007, and introduced Cipha Sounds and Peter Rosenberg to the AM drive in 2009. He rejoined the Hot 97 Morning Show in 2012, alongside Cipha Sounds, Peter Rosenberg, and Laura Stylez. As Programming Director and on-air host, Darden was the main voice of several events at Hot 97 including Nicki Minaj's relationship with the station, and her alleged sexual relationship with the host; Hurricane Sandy; and Mister Cee's personal life.[5] In 2014, VH1 announced a new unscripted comedy series, This Is Hot 97, which featured Darden and fellow hosts including Angie Martinez, Funkmaster Flex, Peter Rosenberg, Cipha Sounds, Miss Info, and Laura Stylez.[6] Beats 1 [ edit ] In addition to his current on-air role at Hot 97, Darden is now one of three anchor DJs on Beats 1, an Internet radio service from Apple Music. Feuds and controversy [ edit ] A comedic rivalry between Darden and fellow accomplished radio personality Charlamagne Tha God of Power 105.1 has been ongoing for years. In May 2017, Darden clarified their relationship, stating, "The stuff we do on the radio is stupid. It's for fun. I make fun of you for fun. That's it. It's not that deep... me and that dude don't have a personal problem... a personal relationship".[7] Darden was mentioned in Remy Ma's "shETHER" diss track, on which Ma insinuated that he slept with Nicki Minaj by stating "Coke head, you cheated on your man with Ebro". After jokingly going back and forth with both Ma and her husband Papoose on social media, Darden denied the rumors, stating that he and Minaj had only a professional relationship.[8] Ebro has been in an ongoing feud with Brooklyn artist 6ix9ine. Ebro made fun of 6ix9ine as looking like a clown and criticized him for bragging about streaming numbers,[9] and 6ix9ine responded on the song "Stoopid" with the line "That nigga Ebro, he a bitch/Just another old nigga on a young nigga dick." [10] Personal life [ edit ] Darden has a daughter, Isa, who was born in 2014.[11] Recognition [ edit ] In 2013, he was recognized by Radio Ink as a future African American leader.[12] Filmography [ edit ] References [ edit ] Queen & Slim (2019) - IMDb Mon, 02 Dec 2019 12:13 3 nominations. See more awards >> Learn more More Like This Comedy | Crime | Drama 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8.1 / 10 X A detective investigates the death of a patriarch of an eccentric, combative family. Director:Rian Johnson Stars:Daniel Craig,Chris Evans,Ana de Armas Action | Crime | Drama 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 6.6 / 10 X An embattled NYPD detective is thrust into a citywide manhunt for a pair of cop killers after uncovering a massive and unexpected conspiracy. Director:Brian Kirk Stars:Chadwick Boseman,Sienna Miller,J.K. Simmons Action | Biography | Drama 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 6.5 / 10 X The extraordinary tale of Harriet Tubman's escape from slavery and transformation into one of America's greatest heroes, whose courage, ingenuity, and tenacity freed hundreds of slaves and changed the course of history. Director:Kasi Lemmons Stars:Cynthia Erivo,Leslie Odom Jr.,Joe Alwyn Biography | Drama 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 7.9 / 10 X Based on the true story of a real-life friendship between Fred Rogers and journalist Tom Junod. Director:Marielle Heller Stars:Tom Hanks,Matthew Rhys,Chris Cooper Drama 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 7.2 / 10 X A young actor's stormy childhood and early adult years as he struggles to reconcile with his father and deal with his mental health. Director:Alma Har'el Stars:Shia LaBeouf,Lucas Hedges,Noah Jupe Drama | Romance | Sport 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 7.7 / 10 X Traces the journey of a suburban family - led by a well-intentioned but domineering father - as they navigate love, forgiveness, and coming together in the aftermath of a loss. Director:Trey Edward Shults Stars:Taylor Russell,Kelvin Harrison Jr.,Alexa Demie Comedy | Drama | War 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8.1 / 10 X A young boy in Hitler's army finds out his mother is hiding a Jewish girl in their home. Director:Taika Waititi Stars:Roman Griffin Davis,Thomasin McKenzie,Scarlett Johansson Action | Crime | Drama 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 5.7 / 10 X A rookie New Orleans police officer is forced to balance her identity as a black woman after she witnesses two corrupt cops committing murder. Director:Deon Taylor Stars:Naomie Harris,Frank Grillo,Mike Colter Biography | Drama | History 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 7.3 / 10 X A corporate defense attorney takes on an environmental lawsuit against a chemical company that exposes a lengthy history of pollution. Director:Todd Haynes Stars:Anne Hathaway,Mark Ruffalo,William Jackson Harper Drama | Fantasy | Horror 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8.3 / 10 X Two lighthouse keepers try to maintain their sanity while living on a remote and mysterious New England island in the 1890s. Director:Robert Eggers Stars:Willem Dafoe,Robert Pattinson,Valeriia Karaman Crime | Drama | Mystery 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 6.5 / 10 X Consummate con man Roy Courtnay has set his sights on his latest mark: the recently widowed Betty McLeish, worth millions. But this time, what should have been a simple swindle escalates into a cat-and-mouse game with the ultimate stakes. Director:Bill Condon Stars:Helen Mirren,Ian McKellen,Russell Tovey Crime | Drama | Mystery 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 7.1 / 10 X In 1950s New York, a lonely private detective afflicted with Tourette's Syndrome ventures to solve the murder of his mentor and only friend. Director:Edward Norton Stars:Edward Norton,Gugu Mbatha-Raw,Alec Baldwin Edit Storyline Slim and Queen's first date takes an unexpected turn when a policeman pulls them over for a minor traffic violation. When the situation escalates, Slim takes the officer's gun and shoots him in self-defence. Now labelled cop killers in the media, Slim and Queen feel that they have no choice but to go on the run and evade the law. When a video of the incident goes viral, the unwitting outlaws soon become a symbol of trauma, terror, grief and pain for people all across the country Written bystmc-25959 Plot Summary | Add Synopsis Motion Picture Rating (MPAA) Rated R for violence, some strong sexuality, nudity, pervasive language, and brief drug use. | See all certifications >> Edit Details Release Date: 27 November 2019 (USA) See more >> Edit Box Office Opening Weekend USA: $11,700,000, 1 December 2019 Gross USA: $15,810,000 Cumulative Worldwide Gross: $15,810,000 See more on IMDbPro >> Company Credits Technical Specs Runtime: 131 min Aspect Ratio: 2.39 : 1 See full technical specs >> Edit Did You Know? Trivia First feature film to be directed by Melina Matsoukas, who has previously only directed music videos and TV episodes. See more >> Quotes Slim :Are you tryin' to die? Queen :No. I just always wanted to do that. Slim :Well, don't do it while I'm drivin' Queen :You should try it. Slim :Nah, I'm good. Queen :Pull over. Slim :Na-ah. Queen :Come on! Pull over. Pull over! Slim :If I do, would you please, let me drive the rest of the way it is? Queen :Swear to God. [...] See more >> Explore popular and recently added TV series available to stream now with Prime Video. Start your free trial Music in this episode Intro: Puff Daddy - It's all about the benjamins Outro: Blue Magic - Sideshow Donate to the show at moefundme.com Search for us in your podcast directory or use this link to subscribe to the feed Podcast Feed For more information: MoeFactz.com

Show Notes Moe Factz with Adam Curry for December 2nd 2019, Episode number 17 Shaft Stache Shownotes Robert Townsend (actor) - Wikipedia Mon, 02 Dec 2019 13:13 American actor Robert Townsend (born February 6, 1957) is an American actor, director, comedian, and writer.[1][2] Townsend is best known for directing the films Hollywood Shuffle (1987), Eddie Murphy Raw (1987), The Meteor Man (1993), The Five Heartbeats (1991) and various other films and stand-up specials. He is especially known for his eponymous self-titled character, Robert Peterson as the starring role as on The WB sitcom The Parent 'Hood (1995''1999), a series which he created and of which directed select episodes. Townsend is also known for his role as Donald "Duck" Matthews in his 1991 film The Five Heartbeats.[3] He later wrote, directed and produced Making The Five Heartbeats (2018), a documentary film about the production process and behind the scenes insight into creating the film. Townsend is also known for his production company Townsend Entertainment [4] which has produced films Playin' for Love,[5] In the Hive and more. During the 1980s and early''1990s, Townsend gained national exposure through his stand-up comedy routines and appearances on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson. Townsend has worked with talent including Halle Berry, Morgan Freeman, Chris Tucker, Beyonc(C), Denzel Washington and many more.[6][7][8] Early life and career [ edit ] Townsend was born in Chicago, Illinois, the second of four children[9] to Shirley (n(C)e Jenkins) and Ed Townsend. His mother ended up raising him and his three siblings as a single parent. Growing up on the city's west side, Townsend attended Austin High School; graduating in 1975.[10] He became interested in acting as a teenager. During a reading of Sophocles' Oedipus Rex in high school, Townsend captured the attention of Chicago's X Bag Theatre, The Experimental Black Actors Guild. Townsend later auditioned for parts at Chicago's Experimental Black Actors' Guild and performed in local plays studying at the famed Second City comedy workshop for improvisation in 1974. Townsend had a brief uncredited role in the 1975 movie Cooley High. After high school, Townsend enrolled at Illinois State University, studied a year and later moved to New York to study at the Negro Ensemble Company. Townsend's mother believed that he should complete his college education, but he felt that college took time away from his passion for acting, and he soon dropped out of school to pursue his acting career full-time. Career [ edit ] Townsend auditioned to be part of Saturday Night Live's 1980''1981 cast, but was rejected in favor of Eddie Murphy. In 1982, Townsend appeared as one of the main characters in the PBS series Another Page, a program produced by Kentucky Educational Television that taught literacy to adults through serialized stories. Townsend later appeared in small parts in films like A Soldier's Story (1984), directed by Norman Jewison, and after its success garnered much more substantial parts in films like The Mighty Quinn (1989) with Denzel Washington.[11][12][13] In 1987, Townsend wrote, directed and produced Hollywood Shuffle, a satire based on the hardships and obstacles that black actors undergo in the film industry. The success of his first project helped him establish himself in the industry.[6][14] Another of his films was The Five Heartbeats based on 1960s R&B male groups and the tribulations of the music industry. Townsend created and produced two television variety shows'--the CableACE award''winning Robert Townsend and His Partners in Crime for HBO, and the Fox Television variety show Townsend Television (1993). He also created and starred in the WB Network's sitcom The Parent 'Hood which originally ran from January 1995 to July 1999. In 2018, Townsend also directed 2 episodes for the B.E.T. Series American Soul which began airing in 2019. The show is about Don Cornelius and Soul Train. Townsend was programming director at the Black Family Channel, but the network folded in 2007. Townsend created The Robert Townsend Foundation, a nonprofit organization whose mission is to introduce and help new unsigned filmmakers. Awards and other credits [ edit ] Townsend directed the 2001 TV movie, Livin' for Love: The Natalie Cole Story for which Cole won the NAACP Image Award as Outstanding Actress in a Television Movie, Mini-Series or Dramatic Special. Townsend also directed two television movies in 2001 and 2002 respectively, Carmen: A Hip Hopera and 10,000 Black Men Named George. In 2013 Townsend was nominated for an Ovation Award in the category of "Lead Actor in a Musical" for his role as Dan in the La Mirada Theatre for the Performing Arts production of Next to Normal.[15] Personal life [ edit ] Townsend was married to Cheri Jones[16] from September 15, 1990, to August 9, 2001.[17] Together they have two daughters, Sierra and Skylar (Skye Townsend), both entertainers, and a son, Isiah.[6] Filmography [ edit ] Further reading [ edit ] Alexander, George. Why We Make Movies: Black Filmmakers Talk About the Magic of Cinema. Harlem Moon. 2003.Collier, Aldore. "Robert Townsend: a new kind of Hollywood dreamer. Actor-producer-director plans to make films that uplift and transform Black audiences". Ebony Magazine. 1 June 1991.Rogers, Brent. Robert Townsend Article in Perspectives. Sustaining Digital History, 12 November 2007.References [ edit ] ^ "Robert Townsend". The New York Times. ^ "As Robert Townsend Sees It : He's Fighting Stereotypes With 'Meteor Man' and New TV Show". Los Angeles Times . Retrieved 2010-10-10 . ^ The Five Heartbeats , retrieved 2019-09-16 ^ "Townsend Entertainment - IMDbPro". pro.imdb.com . Retrieved 2018-03-06 . ^ "Playin' For Love". Black Cinema Connection. 2014-11-05 . Retrieved 2018-03-06 . ^ a b c "About". Robert Townsend. Archived from the original on 2011-07-14. ^ "Carmen: A Hip Hopera", Wikipedia, 2019-08-09 , retrieved 2019-09-17 ^ B*A*P*S , retrieved 2019-09-17 ^ "Townsend, Robert (1957-)". BlackPast.Org. 2008 . Retrieved September 18, 2017 . ^ "1975 Austin High School Yearbook (Chicago, Illinois)". Classmates.com. 1975 . Retrieved September 18, 2017 . ^ Vincent Canby, "Review/Film; Tropical Murder", The New York Times, February 17, 1989. ^ The Mighty Quinn , retrieved 2019-09-17 ^ A Soldier's Story , retrieved 2019-09-17 ^ Hollywood Shuffle , retrieved 2019-09-17 ^ "2013 Ovation Awards Nominees '-- South by Southeast". thisstage.la. LA STAGE Alliance. September 16, 2013 . Retrieved 2017-04-21 . ^ "The Week's Best Photo". Google Books. JET Magazine. March 25, 1991 . Retrieved September 18, 2017 . ^ Gimenes, Erika (2001). "Robert Townsend to divorce". Hollywood.com . Retrieved September 18, 2017 . ^ "Jackie's Back! (1999)" at IMDb. External links [ edit ] Robert Townsend on IMDbRobert Townsend (Official Website) (9) Charles Woods (The Professor) - Hollywood's Tricknology: Mandingo To Malcolm X - YouTube Mon, 02 Dec 2019 12:59 Tyler Perry Mon, 02 Dec 2019 12:57 Tyler Perry is a world-renowned producer, director, actor, screenwriter, playwright, author, songwriter, entrepreneur, and philanthropist. Tyler Perry's Story Tyler Perry is a world-renowned producer, director, actor, screenwriter, playwright, author, songwriter, entrepreneur, and philanthropist. Read His Story Outreach Since 2006, The Perry Foundation's aim has been to transform tragedy into triumph by empowering the economically disadvantaged to achieve a better quality of life. We focus on health and clean water, education and technology, arts and culture, and globally-sustainable economic development. Get Involved Visit Website You are viewing Tyler Perry Entertainment. If you'd like to view the Tyler Perry Studios, click here. Black writers courageously staring down the white gaze '' this is why we all must read them | Stan Grant | Opinion | The Guardian Mon, 02 Dec 2019 12:46 The white gaze '' it is a phrase that resonates in black American literature. Writers from WEB Du Bois to Ralph Ellison to James Baldwin and Toni Morrison have struggled with it and railed against it. As Morrison '' a Nobel Laureate '' once said: Our lives have no meaning, no depth without the white gaze. And I have spent my entire writing life trying to make sure that the white gaze was not the dominant one in any of my books. The white gaze: it traps black people in white imaginations. It is the eyes of a white schoolteacher who sees a black student and lowers expectations. It is the eyes of a white cop who sees a black person and looks twice '' or worse, feels for a gun. Du Bois explored this more than a century ago in his book The Souls of Black Folk, reflecting on his conversations with white people and the ensuing delicate dance around the ''Negro problem''. Between me and the other world there is an ever unasked question'.... All, nevertheless, flutter around it ... Instead of saying directly, how does it feel to be a problem? They say, I know an excellent coloured man in my town ... To the real question '... I answer seldom a word. Baldwin was as ever more direct and piercing, writing in his book Nobody Knows My Name. I have spent most of my life ... watching white people and outwitting them so that I might survive. The flame has passed to a new generation. In 2015 three more black writers have stared down the white gaze. In their own ways Ta-Nehisi Coates, Claudia Rankine and George Yancy have held up a mirror to white America. These are uncompromising and fearless voices. Coates' searing essay Between The World And Me critiques America against a backdrop of black deaths at the hands of police. He says the country's history is rooted in slavery and the assault against the black body. In the form of a letter to his son, Coates writes: Here is what I would like for you to know: In America it is traditional to destroy the black body '' it is heritage. In Citizen '' An American Lyric, poet Rankine reflects on the black experience from the victims of Hurricane Katrina, or Trayvon Martin, a 17 year-old black youth shot dead by a neighbourhood watch volunteer who was acquitted, or black tennis star Serena Williams. In each case Rankine sees lives framed by whiteness. She writes: Because white men can't police their imagination, black men are dying. Philosophy Professor George Yancy just last week penned a letter in the New York Times addressed to ''Dear White America''. He asks his countrymen to listen with love, and to look at those things that might cause pain and terror. All white people, he says, benefit from racism and this means each, in their own way, are racist. '...don't run to seek shelter from your own racism'...practice being vulnerable. Being neither a ''good'' white person, nor a liberal white person will get you off the proverbial hook. Their unflinching work is not tempered by the fact a black man is in the White House '' that only makes their voices more urgent. Coates, Rankine, Yancy '' each has been variously praised and awarded, yet each has been pilloried as well. This is inevitable when some people don't like what the mirror reflects. It takes courage for a black person to speak to a white world, a world that can render invisible people of colour, unless they begin to more closely resemble white people themselves '' an education, a house in the suburbs, a good job, lighter skin. In Australia, too, black voices are defying the white gaze. We may not have the popular cut through of a Morrison or a Baldwin or a Coates, but we have a proud tradition '' Oodgeroo Noonuccal, Kevin Gilbert, Ruby Langford or more recently Kim Scott, Alexis Wright, Anita Heiss. I have spent some time recently reading some of the most powerful works of Indigenous writers. Their styles and genres are many and varied but there is a common and powerful theme of defiance and survival. This is a world so instantly recognisable to us '' Indigenous people '' but still so foreign to white Australia. Natalie Harkin's book of poetry, Dirty Words, is a subversive dictionary that turns English words back on their users: A is apology, B is for Boat People '... G is for Genocide ... S for Survival. ''How do you dream,'' she writes, ''When your lucky country does not sleep''. Bruce Pascoe's Dark Emu challenges the white stereotype of the ''primitive hunter gatherer''. He says the economy and culture of Indigenous people has been grossly undervalued. He cites journals and diaries of explorers and colonists to reveal the industry and ingenuity of pre-colonial Aboriginal society. He says it is a window into a world of people building dams and wells and houses, irrigating and harvesting seed and creating elaborate cemeteries. Pascoe's work demands to be taught in our schools. Tony Birch is an acclaimed novelist and his latest Ghost River is remarkable. It is the story of two friends navigating the journey into adulthood guided by the men of the river '' men others may see as homeless and hopeless. It is a work infused with a sense of place and belonging. Ellen Van Neerven's Heat and Light is a genre-busting mystical journey into identity: sexual, racial and national. It is provocative and challenging and mind bending, and altogether stunning. You won't find many of these titles in the annual best book lists. Occasionally they pop up, but not as often as they deserve. You probably won't hear much of Samuel Wagan Watson's Love Poems and Death Threats, or Ken Canning's Yimbama, or Lionel Fogarty's Eelahroo (Long Ago) Nyah (Looking) Mobo-Mobo (Future). That these works are not more widely read is a national shame. In our busy lives, try to find time for some of these books in 2016 '' read with the courage of these writers. George Yancy asks white Americans to become ''un-sutured'', to open themselves up and let go of their white innocence. Why is this important? Well, for white people it may simply be a matter of choice '' the fate of black people may not affect them. For us it is survival '' the white gaze means we die young, are locked up and locked out of work and education. We hear a lot about recognition '' acknowledging Indigenous people in the Australian constitution. But there is another recognition '' recognising the pervasive and too often destructive role of race in our lives, and the need to lift our gaze above it. Queen | Definition of Queen by Merriam-Webster Mon, 02 Dec 2019 12:40 To save this word, you'll need to log in. \ ËkwÄ'n \ 1 a : the wife or widow of a king b : the wife or widow of a tribal chief 2 a : a female monarch b : a female chieftain 3 a : a woman eminent in rank, power, or attractions a movie queen b : a goddess or a thing personified as female and having supremacy in a specified realm c : an attractive girl or woman especially : a beauty contest winner 4 : the most privileged piece of each color in a set of chessmen having the power to move in any direction across any number of unoccupied squares 5 : a playing card marked with a stylized figure of a queen 6 : the fertile fully developed female of social bees, ants, and termites whose function is to lay eggs 7 : a mature female cat kept especially for breeding 8 slang , often disparaging : a male homosexual especially : an effeminate one queened ; queening ; queens intransitive verb 1 : to act like a queen especially : to put on airs '-- usually used with it queens it over her friends 2 : to become a queen in chess the pawn queens Pan-Africanism - Wikipedia Mon, 02 Dec 2019 12:37 Worldwide movement that aims to encourage and strengthen bonds of solidarity between all people of African descent Pan-Africanism is a worldwide movement that aims to encourage and strengthen bonds of solidarity between all indigenous and diasporan ethnic groups of African descent. Based on a common goal dating back to the Atlantic slave trade, the movement extends beyond continental Africans with a substantial support base among the African diaspora in the Caribbean, Latin America, the United States and Canada and Europe.[1][2] It is based on the belief that unity is vital to economic, social, and political progress and aims to "unify and uplift" people of African descent.[3] The ideology asserts that the fate of all African people and countries[clarification needed ] are intertwined. At its core Pan-Africanism is a belief that ''African people, both on the continent and in the diaspora, share not merely a common history, but a common destiny".[4] Pan-Africanist intellectual, cultural, and political movements tend to view all Africans and descendants of Africans as belonging to a single "race" and sharing cultural unity. Pan-Africanism posits a sense of a shared historical fate for Africans in the Americas, West Indies, and, on the continent itself, has centered on the Atlantic trade in slaves, African slavery, and European imperialism.[5] The Organization of African Unity (now the African Union) was established in 1963 to safeguard the sovereignty and territorial integrity of its Member States and to promote global relations within the framework of the United Nations.[6] The African Union Commission has its seat in Addis Ababa and the Pan-African Parliament has its seat in Johannesburg and Midrand. Overview [ edit ] Pan-Africanism stresses the need for "collective self-reliance".[7] Pan-Africanism exists as a governmental and grassroots objective. Pan-African advocates include leaders such as Haile Selassie, Julius Nyerere, Ahmed S(C)kou Tour(C), Kwame Nkrumah, King Sobhuza II, Thomas Sankara and Muammar Gaddafi, grassroots organizers such as Marcus Garvey and Malcolm X, academics such as W. E. B. Du Bois, and others in the diaspora.[8][9][10] Pan-Africanists believe that solidarity will enable the continent to fulfill its potential to independently provide for all its people. Crucially, an all-African alliance would empower African people globally. The realization of the Pan-African objective would lead to "power consolidation in Africa", which "would compel a reallocation of global resources, as well as unleashing a fiercer psychological energy and political assertion...that would unsettle social and political (power) structures...in the Americas".[11] Advocates of Pan-Africanism'--i.e. "Pan-Africans" or "Pan-Africanists"'--often champion socialist principles and tend to be opposed to external political and economic involvement on the continent. Critics accuse the ideology of homogenizing the experience of people of African descent. They also point to the difficulties of reconciling current divisions within countries on the continent and within communities in the diaspora.[11] History [ edit ] As a philosophy, Pan-Africanism represents the aggregation of the historical, cultural, spiritual, artistic, scientific, and philosophical legacies of Africans from past times to the present. Pan-Africanism as an ethical system traces its origins from ancient times, and promotes values that are the product of the African civilisations and the struggles against slavery, racism, colonialism, and neo-colonialism.[8] Alongside a large number of slaves insurrections, by the end of the 19th century a political movement developed across the Americas, Europe and Africa that sought to weld disparate movements into a network of solidarity, putting an end to oppression. Another important political form of a religious Pan-Africanist worldview appeared in the form of Ethiopianism.[12] In London, the Sons of Africa was a political group addressed by Quobna Ottobah Cugoano in the 1791 edition of his book Thoughts and Sentiments on the Evil of Slavery. The group addressed meetings and organised letter-writing campaigns, published campaigning material and visited parliament. They wrote to figures such as Granville Sharp, William Pitt and other members of the white abolition movement, as well as King George III and the Prince of Wales, the future George IV. Modern Pan-Africanism began around the start of the 20th century. The African Association, later renamed the Pan-African Association, was established around 1897 by Henry Sylvester-Williams, who organized the First Pan-African Conference in London in 1900.[13][14][15] With the independence of Ghana in March 1957, Kwame Nkrumah was elected as the first Prime Minister and President of the State.[16] Nkrumah emerged as a major advocate for the unity of Independent Africa. The Ghanaian President embodied a political activist approach to pan-Africanism as he championed the "quest for regional integration of the whole of the African continent".[17] This period represented a "Golden Age of high pan-African ambitions"; the Continent had experienced revolution and decolonization from Western powers and the narrative of rebirth and solidarity had gained momentum within the pan-African movement.[17] Nkrumah's pan-African principles intended for a union between the Independent African states upon a recognition of their commonality (i.e. suppression under imperialism). Pan-Africanism under Nkrumah evolved past the assumptions of a racially exclusive movement associated with black Africa, and adopted a political discourse of regional unity [18] In April 1958, Nkrumah hosted the first All-African Peoples' Conference (AAPC) in Accra, Ghana. This Conference invited delegates of political movements and major political leaders. With the exception of South Africa, all Independent States of the Continent attended: Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Liberia, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia and Sudan.[18] This Conference signified a monumental event in the pan-African movement, as it revealed a political and social union between those considered Arabic states and the black African regions. Further, the Conference espoused a common African Nationalist identity, among the States, of unity and anti-Imperialism. Frantz Fanon, journalist, freedom fighter and a member of the Algerian FLN party attended the conference as a delegate for Algeria.[19] Considering the armed struggle of the FLN against French colonial rule, the attendees of the Conference agreed to support the struggle of those States under colonial oppression. This encouraged the commitment of direct involvement in the "emancipation of the Continent; thus, a fight against colonial pressures on South Africa was declared and the full support of the FLN struggle in Algeria, against French colonial rule"".[20] In the years following 1958, Accra Conference also marked the establishment of a new foreign policy of non-alignment as between the US and USSR, and the will to establish an "African Identity" in global affairs by advocating a unity between the African States on international relations. "This would be based on the Bandung Declaration, the Charter of the UN and on loyalty to UN decisions."[20] In 1959, Nkrumah, President S(C)kou Tour(C) of Guinea and President William Tubman of Liberia met at Sanniquellie and signed the Sanniquellie Declaration outlining the principles for the achievement of the unity of Independent African States whilst maintaining a national identity and autonomous constitutional structure.[21][22] The Declaration called for a revised understanding of pan-Africanism and the uniting of the Independent States. In 1960, the second All-African Peoples' Conference was held in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.[23] The membership of the All-African Peoples' Organisation (AAPO) had increased with the inclusion of the "Algerian Provisional Government (as they had not yet won independence), Cameroun, Guinea, Nigeria, Somalia and the United Arab Republic".[24] The Conference highlighted diverging ideologies within the movement, as Nkrumah's call for a political and economic union between the Independent African States gained little agreement. The disagreements following 1960 gave rise to two rival factions within the pan-African movement: the Casablanca Bloc and the Brazzaville Bloc.[25] In 1962, Algeria gained independence from French colonial rule and Ahmed Ben Bella assumed Presidency. Ben Bella was a strong advocate for pan-Africanism and an African Unity. Following the FLN's armed struggle for liberation, Ben Bella spoke at the UN and espoused for Independent Africa's role in providing military and financial support to the African liberation movements opposing apartheid and fighting Portuguese colonialism.[26] In search of a united voice, in 1963 at an African Summit conference in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 32 African states met and established the Organization of African Unity (OAU). The creation of the OAU Charter took place at this Summit and defines a coordinated "effort to raise the standard of living of member States and defend their sovereignty" by supporting freedom fighters and decolonisation.[27] Thus, was the formation of the African Liberation Committee (ALC), during the 1963 Summit. Championing the support of liberation movements, was Algeria's President Ben Bella, immediately "donated 100 million francs to its finances and was one of the first countries, of the Organisation to boycott Portuguese and South African goods".[26] In 1969, Algiers hosted the Pan-African Cultural Festival, on July 21 and it continued for eight days.[28] At this moment in history, Algeria stood as a ''beacon of African and Third-World militancy,''[28] and would come to inspire fights against colonialism around the world. The festival attracted thousands from African states and the African Diaspora, including the Black Panthers. It represented the application of the tenets of the Algerian revolution to the rest of Africa, and symbolized the re-shaping of the definition of pan-African identity under the common experience of colonialism.[28] The Festival further strengthened Algeria's President, Boumediene's standing in Africa and the Third World.[28] After the death of Kwame Nkrumah in 1972, Muammar Qaddafi assumed the mantle of leader of the Pan-Africanist movement and became the most outspoken advocate of African Unity, like Nkrumah before him '' for the advent of a "United States of Africa".[29] In the United States, the term is closely associated with Afrocentrism, an ideology of African-American identity politics that emerged during the civil rights movement of the 1960s to 1970s.[30] Concept [ edit ] As originally conceived by Henry Sylvester-Williams (although some historians[who? ] credit the idea to Edward Wilmot Blyden), Pan-Africanism referred to the unity of all continental Africa.[31] During apartheid South Africa there was a Pan Africanist Congress that dealt with the oppression of Africans in South Africa under Apartheid rule. Other pan-Africanist organisations include: Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association-African Communities League, TransAfrica and the International People's Democratic Uhuru Movement. Additionally, Pan-Africanism is seen as an endeavor to return to what are deemed by its proponents as singular, traditional African concepts about culture, society, and values. Examples of this include L(C)opold S(C)dar Senghor's N(C)gritude movement, and Mobutu Sese Seko's view of Authenticit(C). An important theme running through much pan-Africanist literature concerns the historical links between different countries on the continent, and the benefits of cooperation as a way of resisting imperialism and colonialism. In the 21st century, some Pan-Africanists aim to address globalisation and the problems of environmental justice. For instance, at the conference "Pan-Africanism for a New Generation"[32] held at the University of Oxford, June 2011, Ledum Mittee, the current president of the Movement for the Survival of the Ogoni People (MOSOP), argued that environmental justice movements across the African continent should create horizontal linkages in order to better protect the interests of threatened peoples and the ecological systems in which they are embedded, and upon which their survival depends. Some universities went as far as creating "Departments of Pan-African Studies" in the late 1960s. This includes the California State University, where that department was founded in 1969 as a direct reaction to the civil rights movement, and is today dedicated to "teaching students about the African World Experience", to "demonstrate to the campus and the community the richness, vibrance, diversity, and vitality of African, African American, and Caribbean cultures" and to "presenting students and the community with an Afrocentric analysis" of anti-black racism.[33]Syracuse University also offers a master's degree in "Pan African Studies".[34] Pan-African colors [ edit ] The flags of numerous states in Africa and of Pan-African groups use green, yellow and red. This colour combination was originally adopted from the 1897 flag of Ethiopia, and was inspired by the fact that Ethiopia is the continent's oldest independent nation,[35] thus making the Ethiopian green, yellow and red the closest visual representation of Pan-Africanism. This is in comparison to the Black Nationalist flag, representing political theory centred around the eugenicist caste-stratified colonial Americas.[36] The UNIA (Universal Negro Improvement Association) flag, is a tri-color flag consisting of three equal horizontal bands of (from top down) red, black and green. The UNIA formally adopted it on August 13, 1920,[37] during its month-long convention at Madison Square Garden in New York.[38][39] Variations of the flag have been used in various countries and territories in Africa and the Americas to represent Black Nationalist ideologies. Among these are the flags of Malawi, Kenya and Saint Kitts and Nevis. Several Pan-African organizations and movements have also often employed the emblematic red, black and green tri-color scheme in variety of contexts. Maafa studies [ edit ] Maafa is an aspect of Pan-African studies. The term collectively refers to 500 years of suffering (including the present) of people of African heritage through slavery, imperialism, colonialism, and other forms of oppression.[40][41] In this area of study, both the actual history and the legacy of that history are studied as a single discourse. The emphasis in the historical narrative is on African agents, as opposed to non-African agents.[42] Political parties and organizations [ edit ] In Africa [ edit ] Organisation of African Unity, succeeded by the African UnionAfrican Unification FrontRassemblement D(C)mocratique AfricainAll-African People's Revolutionary PartyConvention People's Party (Ghana)Pan-African Renaissance[43]Economic Freedom Fighters (South Africa)Pan Africanist Congress of Azania (South Africa)In the Caribbean [ edit ] The Pan-African Affairs Commission for Pan-African Affairs, a unit within the Office of the Prime Minister of Barbados.[44]African Society for Cultural Relations with Independent Africa (Guyana)Antigua Caribbean Liberation Movement (Antigua and Barbuda)Clement Payne Movement (Barbados)Marcus Garvey People's Political Party (Jamaica)Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (Jamaica)In the United Kingdom [ edit ] Pan-African FederationIn the United States [ edit ] The Council on African Affairs (CAA): founded in 1937 by Max Yergan and Paul Robeson, the CAA was the first major U.S. organization whose focus was on providing pertinent and up-to-date information about Pan-Africanism across the United States, particularly to African Americans. Probably the most successful campaign of the Council was for South African famine relief in 1946. The CAA was hopeful that, following World War II, there would be a move towards Third World independence under the trusteeship of the United Nations.[45] To the CAA's dismay, the proposals introduced by the U.S. government to the conference in April/May 1945 set no clear limits on the duration of colonialism and no motions towards allowing territorial possessions to move towards self-government.[45] Liberal supporters abandoned the CAA, and the federal government cracked down on its operations. In 1953 the CAA was charged with subversion under the McCarran Internal Security Act. Its principal leaders, including Robeson, W. E. B. Du Bois, and Alphaeus Hunton (1903''70), were subjected to harassment, indictments, and in the case of Hunton, imprisonment. Under the weight of internal disputes, government repression, and financial hardships, the Council on African Affairs disbanded in 1955.[46]The US Organization was founded in 1965 by Maulana Karenga, following the Watts riots. It is based on the synthetic African philosophy of kawaida, and is perhaps best known for creating Kwanzaa and the Nguzo Saba ("seven principles"). In the words of its founder and chair, Karenga, "the essential task of our organization Us has been and remains to provide a philosophy, a set of principles and a program which inspires a personal and social practice that not only satisfies human need but transforms people in the process, making them self-conscious agents of their own life and liberation".[47]Pan-African concepts and philosophies [ edit ] Afrocentric Pan-Africanism [ edit ] Afrocentric Pan-Africanism is espoused by Kwabena Faheem Ashanti in his book The Psychotechnology of Brainwashing: Crucifying Willie Lynch. Another newer movement that has evolved from the early Afrocentric school is the Afrisecal movement or Afrisecaism of Francis Ohanyido, a Nigerian philosopher-poet.[48] Black Nationalism is sometimes associated with this form of pan-Africanism. Kawaida [ edit ] Hip hop [ edit ] Since the late 1970s, hip hop has emerged as a powerful force that has partly shaped black identity worldwide. In his 2005 article "Hip-hop Turns 30: Whatcha Celebratin' For?", Greg Tate describes hip-hop culture as the product of a Pan-African state of mind. It is an "ethnic enclave/empowerment zone that has served as a foothold for the poorest among us to get a grip on the land of the prosperous".[49] Hip-hop unifies those of African descent globally in its movement towards greater economic, social and political power. Andreana Clay in her article "Keepin' it Real: Black Youth, Hip-Hop Culture, and Black Identity" states that hip-hop provides the world with "vivid illustrations of Black lived experience", creating bonds of black identity across the globe.[50] From a Pan-African perspective, Hip-Hop Culture can be a conduit to authenticate a black identity, and in doing so, creates a unifying and uplifting force among Africans that Pan-Africanism sets out to achieve. Pan-African art [ edit ] Further information on pan-African film festivals see: FESPACO and PAFFSee also [ edit ] Literature [ edit ] Hakim Adi & Marika Sherwood, Pan-African History: Political Figures from Africa and the Diaspora Since 1787, London: Routledgem 2003.Imanuel Geiss, Panafrikanismus. Zur Geschichte der Dekolonisation. Habilitation, EVA, Frankfurt am Main, 1968, English as: The Pan-African Movement, London: Methuen, 1974, ISBN 0-416-16710-1, and as: The Pan-African Movement. A history of Pan-Africanism in America, Europe and Africa, New York: Africana Publ., 1974, ISBN 0-8419-0161-9.Colin Legum, Pan-Africanism: A Short Political Guide, revised edition, New York: Frederick A. Praeger, 1965.Tony Martin, Pan-African Connection: From Slavery to Garvey and Beyond, Dover: The Majority Press, 1985.References [ edit ] ^ Austin, David (Fall 2007). "All Roads Led to Montreal: Black Power, the Caribbean and the Black Radical Tradition in Canada". Journal of African American History. 92 (4): 516''539 . Retrieved March 30, 2019 . ^ Oloruntoba-Oju, Omotayo (December 2012). "Pan Africanism, Myth and History in African and Caribbean Drama". Journal of Pan African Studies. 5 (8): 190 ff. ^ Frick, Janari, et al. (2006), History: Learner's Book, p. 235, South Africa: New Africa Books. ^ Makalani, Minkah (2011), "Pan-Africanism". Africana Age. ^ New Dictionary of the History of Ideas. The Gale Group, Inc. 2005. ^ About the African Union Archived January 29, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. ^ "The objectives of the PAP", The Pan-African Parliament '' 2014 and beyond. ^ a b Falola, Toyin; Essien, Kwame (2013). Pan-Africanism, and the Politics of African Citizenship and Identity. London: Routledge. pp. 71''72. ISBN 1135005192 . Retrieved September 26, 2015 . ^ Goebel, Anti-Imperial Metropolis, pp. 250''278. ^ Maguire, K., "Ghana re-evaluates Nkrumah", GlobalPost, October 21, 2009. Retrieved September 13, 2012. ^ a b Agyeman, O., Pan-Africanism and Its Detractors: A Response to Harvard's Race Effacing Universalists, Harvard University Press (1998), cited in Mawere, Munyaradzi; Tapuwa R. Mubaya, African Philosophy and Thought Systems: A Search for a Culture and Philosophy of Belonging, Langaa RPCIG (2016), p. 89. ISBN 9789956763016. Retrieved August 23, 2018. ^ "Pan-Africanism". exhibitions.nypl.org . Retrieved February 16, 2017 . ^ "A history of Pan-Africanism", New Internationalist, 326, August 2000. ^ The History of Pan Africanism, PADEAP (Pan African Development Education and Advocacy Programme). ^ Lubin, Alex, "The Contingencies of Pan-Africanism", Geographies of Liberation: The Making of an Afro-Arab Political Imaginary, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2014, p. 71. ^ Smith-Asante, E., "Biography of Ghana's first President, Dr Kwame Nkrumah", Graphic Online, March 8, 2016. Retrieved March 23, 2017. ^ a b Mkandawire, P. (2005). African Intellectuals: Rethinking Politics, Language, Gender and Development, Dakar: Codesria/London: Zed Books, p. 58. Retrieved March 23, 2017. ^ a b Legum, C. (1965). Pan-Africanism: a short political guide, New York, etc.: Frederick A. Praeger, p. 41. ^ Adi, H., & M. Sherwood (2003). Pan-African History: Political Figures from Africa and the Diaspora Since 1787, London: Routledge, p. 66. ^ a b Legum (1965). Pan-Africanism, p. 42. ^ Adi & Sherwood (2003). Pan-African History, p. 179. ^ Legum (1965), Pan-Africanism, p. 45. ^ Legum (1965). Pan-Africanism, p. 46. ^ Legum (1965), Pan-Africanism, p. 47. ^ Martin, G. (2012). African Political Thought, New York: Palgrave Macmillan. ^ a b Adi & Sherwood (2003), Pan-African History, p. 10. ^ "African states unite against white rule", ON THIS DAY | May25. BBC News. Retrieved March 23, 2017. ^ a b c d Evans, M., & J. Phillips (2008). Algeria: Anger of the Dispossessed, Yale University Press, pp. 97''98. ^ Martin, G. (December 23, 2012). African Political Thought. Springer. ISBN 9781137062055. ^ See e.g. Ronald W. Walters, Pan Africanism in the African Diaspora: An Analysis of Modern Afrocentric Political Movements, African American Life Series, Wayne State University Press, 1997, p. 68. ^ Campbell, Crystal Z. (December 2006). "Sculpting a Pan-African Culture in the Art of N(C)gritude: A Model for African Artist" (PDF) . The Journal of Pan African Studies. Archived from the original on June 1, 2015. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link) ^ Oxford University African Society Conference, Corpus Christi College, Oxford University, May 5, 2012. ^ "About Us". Csus.edu . Retrieved October 15, 2015 . ^ The M.A. in Pan African Studies Archived October 25, 2014, at the Wayback Machine, African American Studies at Syracuse University. ^ Smith, Whitney (2001). Flag Lore of All Nations . Millbrook Press. p. 36. ISBN 0761317538 . Retrieved October 7, 2014 . ^ Lionel K., McPherson; Shelby, Tommie (Spring 2004). "Blackness and Blood: Interpreting African American Identity" (PDF) . Philosophy and Public Affairs. 32: 171''192. ^ Wikisource contributors, "The Declaration of the Rights of the Negro Peoples of the World", Wikisource, The Free Library. (Retrieved October 6, 2007). ^ "25,000 Negroes Convene: International Gathering Will Prepare Own Bill of Rights", The New York Times, August 2, 1920. Proquest. Retrieved October 5, 2007. ^ "Negroes Adopt Bill Of Rights: Convention Approves Plan for African Republic and Sets to Work on Preparation of Constitution of the Colored Race Negro Complaints Aggression Condemned Recognition Demanded". The Christian Science Monitor, August 17, 1920. Proquest. Retrieved October 5, 2007. ^ "What Holocaust". "Glenn Reitz". Archived from the original on October 18, 2007. ^ "The Maafa, African Holocaust". Swagga. ^ Ogunleye, Tolagbe (1997). "African American Folklore: Its Role in Reconstructing African American History". Journal of Black Studies. 27 (4): 435''455. ISSN 0021-9347. ^ "Pan-African Renaissance". ^ Rodney Worrell (2005). Pan-Africanism in Barbados: An Analysis of the Activities of the Major 20th-century Pan-African Formations in Barbados. New Academia Publishing, LLC. pp. 99''102. ISBN 978-0-9744934-6-6. ^ a b Duberman, Martin. Paul Robeson, 1989, pp. 296''97. ^ "Council on African Affairs", African Activist Archive. ^ "Philosophy, Principles, and Program". The Organization Us. ^ "Francis Okechukwu Ohanyido". African Resource. ^ Tate, Greg, "Hip-hop Turns 30: Whatcha Celebratin' For?", Village Voice, January 4, 2005. ^ Clay, Andreana. "Keepin' it Real: Black Youth, Hip-Hop Culture, and Black Identity". In American Behavioral Scientist, Vol. 46.10 (2003): 1346''58. External links [ edit ] SNCC Digital Gateway: Pan-Africanism'--Digital documentary website created by the SNCC Legacy Project and Duke University, telling the story of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee & grassroots organizing from the inside-outAfrican UnionAfrican Code Unity Through DiversityA-APRP WebsiteThe Major Pan-African news and articles siteProfessor David Murphy (November 15, 2015). "The Performance of Pan-Africanism: performing black identity at major pan-African festivals, 1966''2010" (Podcast). The University of Edinburgh . Retrieved January 28, 2016 '' via Soundcloud. Ebro Darden - Wikipedia Mon, 02 Dec 2019 12:36 Ebro Darden BornIbrahim Jamil Darden ( 1975-03-17 ) March 17, 1975 (age 44) NationalityAmericanOccupationMedia executiveradio personalityYears active1990''presentKnown forHot 97 radio personalityBeats1 DJChildren1Websitewww.EbroDarden.comIbrahim "Ebro" Darden (born March 17, 1975) is an American media executive and radio personality. Until 2014, he was Vice President of Programming for Emmis Communications' New York contemporary urban station WQHT (Hot 97). He is currently a co-host on the Hot 97 morning show, Ebro in the Morning, alongside Peter Rosenberg, and Laura Stylez. As of 2015, Darden also hosts a hip hop music-based radio show on Beats 1. Early life [ edit ] Darden was born to a black father and a Jewish mother. He attended a Pentecostal church and Hebrew school while growing up in Oakland and Sacramento.[1] Career [ edit ] Start in radio [ edit ] Darden began his career in radio in 1990 at KSFM in Sacramento, California, while he was still a teenager. At KSFM he worked in research and as a sales runner until moving into programming as an intern, and later co-hosting for KSFM's night and morning shows. In 1997, he worked at KBMB in Sacramento as Programming and Music Director, as well as an afternoon host. Eventually, Darden became Operations Manager at KBMB, while also co-hosting mornings at KXJM in Portland, Oregon, in 1999. Hot 97 [ edit ] In 2003, Darden became Music Director for WQHT, ultimately becoming the Program Director for the station in 2007.[2][3][4] Darden worked alongside several past WQHT Hot 97 morning show co-hosts including Star and Bucwild, Miss Jones, DJ Envy, Sway, and Joe Budden from 2004 to 2007, and introduced Cipha Sounds and Peter Rosenberg to the AM drive in 2009. He rejoined the Hot 97 Morning Show in 2012, alongside Cipha Sounds, Peter Rosenberg, and Laura Stylez. As Programming Director and on-air host, Darden was the main voice of several events at Hot 97 including Nicki Minaj's relationship with the station, and her alleged sexual relationship with the host; Hurricane Sandy; and Mister Cee's personal life.[5] In 2014, VH1 announced a new unscripted comedy series, This Is Hot 97, which featured Darden and fellow hosts including Angie Martinez, Funkmaster Flex, Peter Rosenberg, Cipha Sounds, Miss Info, and Laura Stylez.[6] Beats 1 [ edit ] In addition to his current on-air role at Hot 97, Darden is now one of three anchor DJs on Beats 1, an Internet radio service from Apple Music. Feuds and controversy [ edit ] A comedic rivalry between Darden and fellow accomplished radio personality Charlamagne Tha God of Power 105.1 has been ongoing for years. In May 2017, Darden clarified their relationship, stating, "The stuff we do on the radio is stupid. It's for fun. I make fun of you for fun. That's it. It's not that deep... me and that dude don't have a personal problem... a personal relationship".[7] Darden was mentioned in Remy Ma's "shETHER" diss track, on which Ma insinuated that he slept with Nicki Minaj by stating "Coke head, you cheated on your man with Ebro". After jokingly going back and forth with both Ma and her husband Papoose on social media, Darden denied the rumors, stating that he and Minaj had only a professional relationship.[8] Ebro has been in an ongoing feud with Brooklyn artist 6ix9ine. Ebro made fun of 6ix9ine as looking like a clown and criticized him for bragging about streaming numbers,[9] and 6ix9ine responded on the song "Stoopid" with the line "That nigga Ebro, he a bitch/Just another old nigga on a young nigga dick." [10] Personal life [ edit ] Darden has a daughter, Isa, who was born in 2014.[11] Recognition [ edit ] In 2013, he was recognized by Radio Ink as a future African American leader.[12] Filmography [ edit ] References [ edit ] Queen & Slim (2019) - IMDb Mon, 02 Dec 2019 12:13 3 nominations. See more awards >> Learn more More Like This Comedy | Crime | Drama 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8.1 / 10 X A detective investigates the death of a patriarch of an eccentric, combative family. Director:Rian Johnson Stars:Daniel Craig,Chris Evans,Ana de Armas Action | Crime | Drama 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 6.6 / 10 X An embattled NYPD detective is thrust into a citywide manhunt for a pair of cop killers after uncovering a massive and unexpected conspiracy. Director:Brian Kirk Stars:Chadwick Boseman,Sienna Miller,J.K. Simmons Action | Biography | Drama 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 6.5 / 10 X The extraordinary tale of Harriet Tubman's escape from slavery and transformation into one of America's greatest heroes, whose courage, ingenuity, and tenacity freed hundreds of slaves and changed the course of history. Director:Kasi Lemmons Stars:Cynthia Erivo,Leslie Odom Jr.,Joe Alwyn Biography | Drama 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 7.9 / 10 X Based on the true story of a real-life friendship between Fred Rogers and journalist Tom Junod. Director:Marielle Heller Stars:Tom Hanks,Matthew Rhys,Chris Cooper Drama 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 7.2 / 10 X A young actor's stormy childhood and early adult years as he struggles to reconcile with his father and deal with his mental health. Director:Alma Har'el Stars:Shia LaBeouf,Lucas Hedges,Noah Jupe Drama | Romance | Sport 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 7.7 / 10 X Traces the journey of a suburban family - led by a well-intentioned but domineering father - as they navigate love, forgiveness, and coming together in the aftermath of a loss. Director:Trey Edward Shults Stars:Taylor Russell,Kelvin Harrison Jr.,Alexa Demie Comedy | Drama | War 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8.1 / 10 X A young boy in Hitler's army finds out his mother is hiding a Jewish girl in their home. Director:Taika Waititi Stars:Roman Griffin Davis,Thomasin McKenzie,Scarlett Johansson Action | Crime | Drama 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 5.7 / 10 X A rookie New Orleans police officer is forced to balance her identity as a black woman after she witnesses two corrupt cops committing murder. Director:Deon Taylor Stars:Naomie Harris,Frank Grillo,Mike Colter Biography | Drama | History 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 7.3 / 10 X A corporate defense attorney takes on an environmental lawsuit against a chemical company that exposes a lengthy history of pollution. Director:Todd Haynes Stars:Anne Hathaway,Mark Ruffalo,William Jackson Harper Drama | Fantasy | Horror 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 8.3 / 10 X Two lighthouse keepers try to maintain their sanity while living on a remote and mysterious New England island in the 1890s. Director:Robert Eggers Stars:Willem Dafoe,Robert Pattinson,Valeriia Karaman Crime | Drama | Mystery 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 6.5 / 10 X Consummate con man Roy Courtnay has set his sights on his latest mark: the recently widowed Betty McLeish, worth millions. But this time, what should have been a simple swindle escalates into a cat-and-mouse game with the ultimate stakes. Director:Bill Condon Stars:Helen Mirren,Ian McKellen,Russell Tovey Crime | Drama | Mystery 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 7.1 / 10 X In 1950s New York, a lonely private detective afflicted with Tourette's Syndrome ventures to solve the murder of his mentor and only friend. Director:Edward Norton Stars:Edward Norton,Gugu Mbatha-Raw,Alec Baldwin Edit Storyline Slim and Queen's first date takes an unexpected turn when a policeman pulls them over for a minor traffic violation. When the situation escalates, Slim takes the officer's gun and shoots him in self-defence. Now labelled cop killers in the media, Slim and Queen feel that they have no choice but to go on the run and evade the law. When a video of the incident goes viral, the unwitting outlaws soon become a symbol of trauma, terror, grief and pain for people all across the country Written bystmc-25959 Plot Summary | Add Synopsis Motion Picture Rating (MPAA) Rated R for violence, some strong sexuality, nudity, pervasive language, and brief drug use. | See all certifications >> Edit Details Release Date: 27 November 2019 (USA) See more >> Edit Box Office Opening Weekend USA: $11,700,000, 1 December 2019 Gross USA: $15,810,000 Cumulative Worldwide Gross: $15,810,000 See more on IMDbPro >> Company Credits Technical Specs Runtime: 131 min Aspect Ratio: 2.39 : 1 See full technical specs >> Edit Did You Know? Trivia First feature film to be directed by Melina Matsoukas, who has previously only directed music videos and TV episodes. See more >> Quotes Slim :Are you tryin' to die? Queen :No. I just always wanted to do that. Slim :Well, don't do it while I'm drivin' Queen :You should try it. Slim :Nah, I'm good. Queen :Pull over. Slim :Na-ah. Queen :Come on! Pull over. Pull over! Slim :If I do, would you please, let me drive the rest of the way it is? Queen :Swear to God. [...] See more >> Explore popular and recently added TV series available to stream now with Prime Video. Start your free trial Music in this episode Intro: Puff Daddy - It's all about the benjamins Outro: Blue Magic - Sideshow Donate to the show at moefundme.com Search for us in your podcast directory or use this link to subscribe to the feed Podcast Feed For more information: MoeFactz.com

Nichol, a Public Health master’s student and former fast-food employee, wraps up Season One with research results and future show directions. Music by Scott Holmes (scottholmesmusic.com). In order of appearance: “Rainbow Street”, “Happy Whistle”, and “So Happy”. Check out http://freemusicarchive.org for your own projects. Young Worker Safety in Restaurants ETool. (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/youth/restaurant/index.html

Nichol, a Public Health master’s student and former fast-food employee, gives some guidance on why your first job can be meaningful and why you should brag about it. Music by Scott Holmes (scottholmesmusic.com). In order of appearance: “Rainbow Street”, “Happy Whistle”, and “So Happy”. Check out http://freemusicarchive.org for your own projects. Popular College Application Essay Topics (and How to Answer Them). (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.princetonreview.com/college-advice/application-essay-topics Transferable Skills From Working In The Restaurant Industry. (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from http://industry-blog.industry.co/transferable-skills-working-restaurant-industry/ Transferable skills that will carry you from hospitality jobs to other careers. (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://careers.workopolis.com/advice/transferable-skills-that-will-carry-you-from-hospitality-jobs-to-other-careers/

Nichol, a Public Health master’s student and former fast-food employee continues the conversation on workplace violence, but methods on how to prevent it. Music by Scott Holmes (scottholmesmusic.com). In order of appearance: “Rainbow Street”, “Happy Whistle”, and “So Happy”. Check out http://freemusicarchive.org for your own projects. Morales, I. (2018, April 24). Communicating with Coworkers Who Don’t Speak Your Language. Retrieved January 14, 2019, from https://www.globalcallforwarding.com/learn/communicating-with-coworkers-who-dont-speak-your-language/ Shihan, A. A. (Director). (2011, October 21). PCP - Praise Correct Praise by Allie Alberigo Shihan[Video file]. Retrieved January 14, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SddN9LR6GM0 Violence in the Workplace - Warning Signs. (2014, October 6). Retrieved January 14, 2019, from https://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/psychosocial/violence_warning_signs.html

Nichol, a Public Health master’s student and former fast-food employee, talks about specific types of workplace psychosocial hazards and certain customers we can all relate to. Music by Scott Holmes (scottholmesmusic.com). In order of appearance: “Rainbow Street”, “Happy Whistle”, and “So Happy”. Check out http://freemusicarchive.org for your own projects. Armed hold-ups and cash handling - A guide to protect people from armed hold ups. (1994). Retrieved January 9, 2019, from https://www.commerce.wa.gov.au/sites/default/files/atoms/files/violence-hold_ups.pdf Violence and client aggression. (n.d.). Retrieved January 9, 2019, from https://www.worksafe.qld.gov.au/laws-and-compliance/workplace-health-and-safety-laws/specific-obligations/health-safety-contact-centres/violence-and-client-aggression

Nichol, a Public Health master’s student and former fast-food employee, talks about how alphabet soup can be a great tool at work. Some important letters in alphabet soup include SOPs, OSHA, and SDSs. About OSHA. (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.osha.gov/about.html Hazard Communication Guidelines for Compliance. (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.osha.gov/Publications/osha3111.html Hazard Communication Safety Data Sheets. (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.osha.gov/Publications/HazComm_QuickCard_SafetyData.html Young Worker Safety in Restaurants ETool. (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/youth/restaurant/index.html

Listen in to this great episode while we explore what makes CBD and the holistic approach a great option for keeping your body healthy and working correctly. Where did CBD come from? How can it help you in daily life? Which CBD to use and which to not waste your time on?and so much more...CBD has not only been used for years but the pet industry is exploding with treats and chewys for our fur babies. So come with us as we jump in the the wonderful world of CBD.Research and scientific studies:Russo, E. B. (2008, February). Cannabinoids in the management of Devinsky , O., M.D. (2017, May). Trial of Cannabidiol for Drug-Resistant Seizures in the Dravet Syndrome. Retrieved from https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1611618Facts & Statistics. (n.d.). Retrieved January 17, 2018, from https://adaa.org/about-adaa/press-room/facts-statisticsC. G. (2018, January 01). 35 Reported Health Benefits of CBD. Retrieved January 17, 2018, from https://www.honeycolony.com/article/benefits-of-cbd/ Villines, Z. (n.d.). Can CBD oil help anxiety? What you need to know. Retrieved January 17, 2018, from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319622.phpdifficult to treat pain. Retrieved January 17, 2018, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2503660/

Nichol, a Public Health master’s student and former fast-food employee, discusses worker’s rights, worker’s compensation, what to do if you slip on an ice cube. 29, § 15-654 (1970). https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/oshact/section_5 Child Labor Laws in Massachusetts. (2010). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2016/07/ps/under18-laws.pdf State Laws. (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.youthrules.gov/law-library/state-laws/index.htm The Massachusetts Guide for Working Teens. (2018, November). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2018/11/28/ma-guide-working-teens-18.pdf The Whistleblower Protection Programs. (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.whistleblowers.gov/

Nichol, a Public Health master’s student and former fast-food employee introduces the six types of workplace hazards. Are you aware of these 6 types of workplace hazards? (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://safetylineloneworker.com/blog/workplace-hazards/ Managing hazards. (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.comcare.gov.au/preventing/hazards The Massachusetts Guide for Working Teens. (2018, November). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.mass.gov/files/documents/2018/11/28/ma-guide-working-teens-18.pdf Understanding Chemical Hazards. (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.osha.gov/sites/default/files/2018-12/fy11_sh-22240-11_ChemicalHazards.pdf

Nichol, a Public Health master’s student and former fast-food employee, introduces safety culture, personal protective equipment, and is joined by Robert, a Public Health advocate. Australia, Department of Justice and Attorney General, Workplace Health and Safety Queensland. (2013). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.worksafe.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0004/82705/understanding-safety-culture.pdf Personal Protective Equipment. (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/personalprotectiveequipment/

In today’s episode, Nichol, a Public Health master’s student and former fast-food employee gives advice on “Food Poisoning”, cell phone use, and Mom’s way to thaw chicken. Food Poisoning. (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/index.html Foodborne Illnesses and Germs. (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/foodborne-germs.html Proper Cooking Temperatures for Safe Food At Home: Use Proper Cooking Temperatures to Ensure Safe Food. (2011, August). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from http://www.health.state.mn.us/foodsafety/cook/cooktemp.html Safe Minimum Internal Temperature Chart. (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/safe-food-handling/safe-minimum-internal-temperature-chart/ct_index The Big Thaw — Safe Defrosting Methods for Consumers. (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.fsis.usda.gov/wps/portal/fsis/topics/food-safety-education/get-answers/food-safety-fact-sheets/safe-food-handling/the-big-thaw-safe-defrosting-methods-for-consumers

Nichol, a Public Health master’s student and former fast-food employee, discusses the importance of food safety, allergens, and not using feet as hands. Charts: Food Safety at a Glance. (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.foodsafety.gov/keep/charts/index.html Everyday Food Safety for Young Adults. (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.fda.gov/Food/ResourcesForYou/Consumers/ucm615998.htm Food Allergies: What You Need to Know. (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.fda.gov/food/resourcesforyou/consumers/ucm079311.htm Food Safety. (n.d.). Retrieved January 8, 2019, from https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/food-safety

In the days before modern medicine, the sick, injured, and expecting often relied on community healers to perform the services of doctors and midwives. Women largely fulfilled these roles. Whether their practices were rooted in scripture, nature, or common sense, there’s no denying their quintessential place in the history of medicine. Have you ever heard of the Ozarks’ Granny Women? DOWNLOAD NOW Credit Janet Allured, a professor of history and the Director of Women’s Studies at McNeese University in Louisiana, and Vincent Anderson, historian and author of multiple books on the Ozarks’ region. Sources Granny Women: Healing and Magic in Appalachia; Burns, Phyllis Doyle; RemedyGrove; March 11, 2018. Women’s Healing Art: Domestic Medicine in the Turn-of-the-Century Ozarks; Allured, Janet L.; Gateway Heritage, Spring 1992, Vol. 12, No. 4; Missouri Historical Society; Retrieved January 2019. The “Granny-Woman” in the Ozarks; Rayburn, Otto Ernest; Midwest Folklore, Vol. 9, No. 3 (Autumn, 1959), pp. 145-148, Indiana University Press; Retrieved January 2019. Last of the Ozark Granny Women; Shannon Country Coordinators; Shannon County, Missouri GenWeb; Retrieved January 2019. Mozark Moments: Tales of Granny Women and Yarb Doctors; Johns, Paul; CCHeadliner.com; March 20, 2011.

On July 27, 1890, a painter sustained a single gunshot wound to the abdomen and died a few days later. This infamous event has carried through time as a suicide. After his death, the deceased became one of history’s most iconic and celebrated artists. Yet, we are only now learning the truth about his life and untimely death. Have you ever heard of the mysteries surrounding Vincent van Gogh? DOWNLOAD NOW Credit: I want to give a special thanks to Dr. Irving Arenberg, a prominent (retired) ear surgeon and author of the new book Killing Vincent: The Man, The Myth, and The Murder, and Louis van Tilborgh of the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam. Source: Killing Vincent: The Man, the Myth, and the Murder; Arenberg, Irving Kaufman; Amazon Digital Services; October 24, 2018. Van Gogh: The Life; Naifeh, Steven and Smith, Gregory White; Random House LLC; October 18, 2011. Meet Vincent; Van Gogh Museum – Amsterdam; Retrieved December 2018. Vincent Van Gogh; Historical Figures; BBC; Retrieved January 2019. Vincent Van Gogh Biography; The Van Gogh Gallery; Retrieved January 2019.NOW

A brain injury like a stroke or a neuro degenerative condition like Huntingdon's or Parkinson’s disease can be a long and arduous ordeal. It can be difficult to diagnose and there are no clear treatments, but scientists are working hard to solve it. We find out about the important role Glial cells play in supporting neurons and how things can go wrong if they are disrupted. We also find out about ways to use the abundance of Glial cells to make new neurons. Plus we get a better understanding of cell death and repair and the roll proteins can play in slowing down those processes to give your brain time to recover. Mikhail Osipovitch, Andrea Asenjo Martinez, John N. Mariani, Adam Cornwell, Simrat Dhaliwal, Lisa Zou, Devin Chandler-Militello, Su Wang, Xiaojie Li, Sarah-Jehanne Benraiss, Robert Agate, Andrea Lampp, Abdellatif Benraiss, Martha S. Windrem, Steven A. Goldman. Human ESC-Derived Chimeric Mouse Models of Huntington’s Disease Reveal Cell-Intrinsic Defects in Glial Progenitor Cell Differentiation. Cell Stem Cell, 2018; DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2018.11.010 Walter and Eliza Hall Institute. (2018, December 20). Parkinson's disease protein buys time for cell repair. ScienceDaily. Retrieved January 5, 2019 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/12/181220080000.htm Penn State. (2018, November 5). New gene therapy reprograms brain glial cells into neurons. ScienceDaily. Retrieved January 5, 2019 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/11/181105122433.htm

 Having a traumatic injury, serious infection or cancer is bad enough let alone if you have to have an amputation. But once that amputation has occurred how do you make life easier for the amputee? Prostheses are helpful, but they can require retraining your brain and lack the sense of touch. Plus phantom limb pain can make life painful and frustrating. This week we find out about surgical and biomedical treatments to help improve prostheses and give amputees better quality of life. References: Bowen, J. B., Ruter, D., Wee, C., West, J., & Valerio, I. L. (2019). Targeted Muscle Reinnervation Technique in Below-Knee Amputation. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 143(1), 309-312. doi:10.1097/prs.0000000000005133 Cheesborough, J., Smith, L., Kuiken, T., & Dumanian, G. (2015). Targeted Muscle Reinnervation and Advanced Prosthetic Arms. Seminars in Plastic Surgery, 29(01), 062-072. doi:10.1055/s-0035-1544166 Nathanaël Jarrassé, Etienne de Montalivet, Florian Richer, Caroline Nicol, Amélie Touillet, Noël Martinet, Jean Paysant, Jozina B. de Graaf. Phantom-Mobility-Based Prosthesis Control in Transhumeral Amputees Without Surgical Reinnervation: A Preliminary Study. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 2018; 6 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00164 Arizona State University. (2018, November 7). New prosthetic hand system allows user to 'feel' again: The Neural-Enabled Prosthetic Hand (NEPH) system marks first time bidirectional prosthesis can be used in home setting. ScienceDaily. Retrieved January 5, 2019 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/11/181107093757.htm

In part two of our series on indigenous communities and human trafficking, JJ and Seth dive into the reality of historic slavery and current trafficking of First Nations people in Canada. We continue to discuss the eraser of First Nations victims, and the lack of data and public attention. Sources: First Nations People in Canada, Indigenous and Northern Affairs Canada First Nations, Wikipedia John Evans Study Committee, University of Denver Democratic Individuality, Alan Gilbert Slavery in the Maritime Provinces, Early Journal Content on JSTOR O'Neil, Peter. "A Canadian community compared to Haiti — at minus-40C | Vancouver Sun". Blogs.vancouversun.com. Retrieved February 9, 2013. "Stop the blame game | Toronto Star". Thestar.com. November 30, 2011. Retrieved January 24, 2014. Kirmayer, Laurence J. (March 1994). "Suicide Among Canadian Aboriginal Peoples". Transcultural Psychiatric Research Review. doi:10.1177/136346159403100101. Retrieved December 14, 2014. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/a-history-of-residential-schools-in-canada-1.702280 Mosby, Ian (July 2013). "Administering Colonial Science: Nutrition Research and Human Biomedical Experimentation in Aboriginal Communities and Residential Schools, 1942–1952". Histoire sociale/Social history. 46 (91): 145–172. Archived from the original on July 23, 2013. Retrieved August 2, 2013. Robertson, Lloyd Hawkeye (2006). "The Residential School Experience: Syndrome or Historic Trauma" (PDF). Pimatisiwin. 4 (1). Archived (PDF) from the original on August 26, 2016. Retrieved June 28, 2016. The First Canadians, Google Books Sexual Exploitation and Trafficking of Aboriginal Women and Girls, Native Women's Association of Canada Sikka, A (2009). "Trafficking of Aboriginal women and girls in Canada". Bill C-49: An Act to amend the Criminal Code (Trafficking in Persons)". www.parl.gc.ca. Retrieved 2015-12-06. Meet the Reporter Behind a New, Must-Listen Canadian Crime Podcast - Flare". Flare. 2016-10-20. Retrieved 2017-03-30. Why are girls disappearing all over Canada?, BBC Canada's stolen daughters: Sex traffickers target indigenous Canadians, CNN A Conversation With Native Americans on Race, Facebook Canada's First Nations already feel failed by inquiry into missing and murdered women, The Guardian Photo: Wikipedia

Just 30 miles south of Boston lies the mysterious "Bridgewater Triangle," a 200-square mile "vortex" that has been rumored to be both haunted and cursed. Although skeptics shrug off the unexplainable, the bloody and disturbing history of this part of Massachusetts might make you question what’s real and what’s false. Have you ever heard of the Bridgewater Triangle? DOWNLOAD NOW Credit: This episode would not have been complete without the brilliant insight of Jeff Belanger one of the most visible paranormal researchers today. He’s also the Emmy-nominated host, writer, and producer of the New England Legends series which debuted on PBS in October of 2013, and the weekly New England Legends Podcast. I also spoke with Christopher Balzano, a writer, researcher, folklorist, and host of the podcast Tripping on Legends. He also appeared in the The Bridgewater Triangle documentary alongside Loren Coleman and Jeff Belanger. Watch it free (with Prime) on Amazon. Sources: Ghosts of the Bridgewater Triangle; Christopher Balzano; Schiffer Pub Ltd; September 28, 2008. UFO FAQ: All That's Left to Know About Roswell, Aliens, Whirling Discs, and Flying Saucers; David J. Hogan; Backbeat Books; September 1, 2016. The History of King Philip’s War; Rebecca Beatrice Brooks; The History of Massachusetts Blog; May 31, 2017. The Reader’s Companion to American History; Eric Foner and John A. Garraty; Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company; October 21, 1991. Weird New England; Joseph A. Citro; Sterling; September 25, 2005. Hockomock Swamp ACEC; Commonwealth of Massachusetts; Retrieved January 2018. The Bridgewater Triangle; Christopher W. Pittman; Cellar Walls; 2008. The Bridgewater Triangle; Paranormal Encyclopedia; Retrieved January 2018. UFOs Spotted in Bridgewater NJ and Bridgewater MA; Paul Seaburn; Mysterious Universe; December 8, 2015. ‘Bridgewater Triangle’ film cites litany of mysteries; Taryn Plumb; Boston Globe; May 4, 2014. The Bridgewater Triangle: Massachusetts' paranormal vortex; Destination Strange; Roadtrippers; September 19, 2016. PHOTO: Representation, not an actual depiction of the Bridgewater Triangle or Massachusetts

This week, lets cozy up with some familiar carnivores in some unfamiliar shapes and learn a little bit more about some creatures of Inuit mythology.ReferencesArtic wolfhttp://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/species/profiles/mammals/arcticwolf/AmarokRink, Hinrich (1997). Tales and Traditions of the Eskimo. Mineola: Dover Publications. ISBN 9780486299662Macdonald, David (1992) The Velvet Claw: A Natural History of the Carnivores, p. 119-144, New York: Parkwest, ISBN 0-563-20844-9http://cryptidz.wikia.com/wiki/WaheelaAmphycionidsJacobs, Louis L. Jacobs; Scott, Kathleen Marie: Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America: Terrestrial carnivores, Cambridge University Press, 1998Sorkin, B. 2008: A biomechanical constraint on body mass in terrestrial mammalian predators. Lethaia, Vol. 41, pp. 333–347.KeelutToombs, Terrye (June 12, 2012). "Alaska folklore: Five mythical creatures of the Last Frontier". Alaska Dispatch Publishing. Alaska Dispatch News. Retrieved January 22, 2015Keelut Comes to Akliasuk.” Norman, Robert. Dalhousie Review; Spring2010, Vol. 90 Issue 1, p75-75, 1pAkhlutCarol Rose (2001). Giants, Monsters, and Dragons: An Encyclopedia of Folklore, Legend, and Myth. W. W. Norton. p. 10. ISBN 978-0-393-32211-8.Polly, Paul D. "Pakicetus (fossil Mammal Genus)". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 24 Oct 2013.Scott Francis (11 July 2007). "The Akhlut". Monster Spotter's Guide to North America. F+W Media. p. 155. ISBN 978-1-4403-0312-8. Retrieved 11 October 2013. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

Don't you hate it when someone touches your stuff without asking? I do, so let's learn about some delinquent monsters who throw stuff, break stuff, pretend to be stuff, and are stuff. Kinda.Lets Be SocialFacebook:www.facebook.com/monstersadvocate/Tumblr:monstersadvocate.tumblr.com/Twitter:@monstersadvoInstagram:@monstersadvocateEmail: monstersadvocatepodcast@gmail.comThe short I mentioned: https://tinyurl.com/z5g6p3eReferences:PoltergeistAllan Kardec, Le Livre des Esprits. (2000). chapter 106, Jean de Bonnot. p.46Terence Hines. (2003). Pseudoscience and the Paranormal. Prometheus Books. p. 98. ISBN 978-1573929790GremlinsConant, Jennet. The Irregulars: Roald Dahl and the British Spy Ring in Wartime Washington. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2008Desmond, John. "The Gremlins Reform: An R.A.F. Fable." The New York Times, 11 April 1943. Retrieved: 12 October 2010.Hazen, John W. "Gremlin." Funk and Wagnalls Standard Dictionary of Folklore, Mythology and Legend. New York: Funk and Wagnalls, 1972. ISBN 978-0-308-40090-0.Matthews, John, and Caitlin Matthews. The Element Encyclopedia of Magical Creatures: The Ultimate A-Z of Fantastic Beings from Myth and Magic. London: HarperElement, 2005. Print."The Gremlin Question." Royal Air Force Journal, Number 13, 18 April 1942.MimicBricken, Rob (September 16, 2013). "The 10 Most Memorable Dungeons & Dragons Monsters". io9. Retrieved January 20, 2016.Clinton Boomer, Jason Bulmahn, Joshua J. Frost, Nicolas Logue, Robert McCreary, Jason Nelson, Richard Pett, Sean K Reynolds, James L. Sutter, and Greg A. Vaughan. Dungeon Denizens Revisited (Paizo, 2009)"A look Back at Mimics". D&D Alumni. Wizards of the Coast. 2006-09-27. Retrieved 2007-04-16TsukumogamiFoster, Michael Dylan (2009). Pandemonium and parade: Japanese monsters and the culture of yōkai. University of California PressReider, Noriko T. (2009). "Animating Objects: Tsukumogami ki and the Medieval Illustration of Shingon Truth". Japanese Journal of Religious Studies. 36: 231–257.村上健司 『妖怪辞典』 毎日新聞社 2000年 221頁 ISBN 978-4-620-31428-0。小松和彦監修 『日本怪異妖怪大辞典』 東京堂出版 2013年 371頁 ISBN 978-4-490-10837-8。Classiques de l'Orient. 5. 1921 See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.