Commune in Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France
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Was ist in der KW 22 in der Datenschutzwelt passiert, was ist für Datenschutzbeauftragte interessant? - Aktuelle Themenfolge zu NIS2-Pflichten für Unternehmen - OLG Köln zu Meta KI Training (OLG Köln, Urteil vom 23.5.2025 - 15 UKl 2/25) - Urteil stärkt die Rolle des PCLOB als unabhängige Kontrollinstanz im Data Privacy Framework - BSI weist auf Sicherheitsrisiko bei Passwortmanagern hin - Nachvertragliche Werbung, auch in Form von Haustürbesuchen, kann ein berechtigtes Interesse im Sinne von Art. 6 Abs. 1 lit. f DSGVO darstellen (VG Bremen, Urteil vom 23.04.2025, Az. 4 K 2873/23) Veröffentlichungen und Veranstaltungen: - Zum Verhältnis von § 7 UWG und Artikel 6 DSGVO (DSB 2025, 140 und BVerwG, Urt. v. 29.01.2025 - 6 C 3.23) - BSI Cyber-Sicherheitsempfehlung - Einladung der Vereinigung der Europäische Datenschutzbeauftragten zur Zukunft des DPF Weitere Infos, Blog und Newsletter finden Sie unter: https://migosens.de/newsroom/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DS_Talk Übersicht aller Themenfolgen: https://migosens.de/datenschutz-podcast-themenfolgen/ (als eigener Feed: https://migosens.de/show/tf/feed/ddt/) Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/datenschutztalk_podcast/ Folge hier kommentieren: https://migos
Die Vollstreckungsabwehrklage gehört zu DEN examensrelevantesten Rechtsbehelfen überhaupt - und bekommt hier ihre wohlverdiente RefPod-Folge. Richard Ademmer und Christoph Spielmann, beide Richter und AG-Leiter, navigieren Euch in dieser (ersten) Folge über die mit § 767 ZPO verbundenen Fragestellungen durch die Zulässigkeit und Begründetheit der Vollstreckungsabwehrklage (oder heißt es Vollstreckungsgegenklage?!?). Dabei helfen ihnen (und Euch) die DREI GOLDENEN FRAGEN™, die man direkt nach Lektüre des Klageantrags beantworten kann und sollte und die Euch keine wichtige Weichenstellung verpassen lassen. Daneben gibt es obskure Bilder („Pack den roten Anspruch in die blaue Kiste!“) und fragwürdige Wortspiele. Viel Spaß beim Hören! Siehe zur Prozessführungsbefugnis/Sachbefugnis einerseits BGH, Urt. v. 03.11.2015 – II ZR 446/13 und andererseits BGH, Ur. v. 09.12.1992 – VIII ZR 218/91. RefPod-Folge "# 49 Voraussetzungen der Zwangsvollstreckung" bei Spotify, Apple und YouTube. Kapitelmarken 00:00 Einleitung 04:25 Grundlagen der VAK (Rechtsnatur, Ziel, Verfahren) 10:35 Prüfungsschema 14:58 Statthaftigkeit 19:35 Einwendungen 24:03 Titel 27:47 Geltendmachen der Einwendungen 33:42 Nachschieben und Auswechseln von Einwendungen 37:02 Zuständigkeit 42:17 Zuständigkeit bei notariellen Unterwerfungserklärungen 46:29 Zuständigkeitsstreitwert in diesem Fall 49:51 Zuständigkeit bei Prozessvergleichen 54:05 Rechtsschutzbedürfnis 01:01:40 Begründetheit - Sachbefugnis/Prozessführungsbefugnis 01:10:35 Materiell-rechtliche Einwendung 01:14:43 Präklusion 01:16:00 Nicht rechtskraftfähige Titel 01:24:02 Die drei goldenen Fragen 01:26:40 Präklusion bei Gestaltungsrechten 01:31:27 Präklusion bei VU 01:35:45 Präkludierte Einwendungen und Urteilsstil 01:39:55 Entscheidungsform, Hauptsachetenor, Kosten 01:46:23 Vorläufige Vollstreckbarkeit 01:52:40 Fazit http://www.refpod.de http://www.instagram.com/ref.pod/ E-Mail: jura.ref.pod@gmail.com Disclaimer: Der Podcast beinhaltet ausschließlich persönliche Ansichten der Podcasterinnen und Podcaster und insbesondere keine offiziellen Standpunkte der Justizprüfungsämter.
RA067 Anwalt darf Mandantin nicht beleidigen, Spielautomaten in Shisha-Bars und BVerfG zu Tinder-Profil einer Offizierin
RA065 BAG zu Kündigungsschutzklage bei Schwangerschaft, BGH zur Strafbarkeit nach Autorennen mit Todesfolge und Unzuverlässigkeit bei betrunkenen JägernIn dieser Folge mit dabei: sieben aktuelle Entscheidungen aus Zivil-, Straf-, Arbeits- und Verwaltungsrecht.
Ar tā palīdzību skolās pilda mājasdarbus, ietekmē klientus un vēlēšanu rezultātus. Protams, arī dzīvi padara ērtāku. Kurš kuru? Cilvēks vai mākslīgais intelekts. Šonedēļ raidījumā #1pret1 saruna ar uzņēmēju un RTU vadošo pētnieku Ēvaldu Urtānu.
We have an unexpected guest who isn't pulling any punches. Charlie eats some Easter candy and then ruins it for everyone's amusement. Doug puts tax cheats on notice. Plus, what's in store for James Bond?
Send us a textHumanist ceremonies—weddings, namings, and funerals—are growing rapidly worldwide, offering non-religious, deeply personal ways to mark life's most significant moments. Laimingas Žmogus (Happy Human) is a social enterprise based in Lithuania, dedicated to making these ceremonies accessible and meaningful. This week we are delighted to be joined by Urtė Žukauskaitė-Zabukė, Founder and CEO, and Gerda Surgautaitė, Co-Founder of Laimingas Žmogus to share insights into establishing meaningful non-religious ceremonies that resonate with diverse populations and the launch of the Humanist Ceremonies Accelerator, a pioneering initiative designed to help humanist organisations around the world establish sustainable social enterprises through humanist ceremonies. The episode covers;- The rapid growth of humanist ceremonies globally - Introduction of the Humanist Ceremonies Accelerator programme- Addressing the unique challenges to secularism in Lithuania- Inspiring stories of uniquely tailored ceremonies - Practical advice for starting humanist social enterprises If you're interested in the Humanist Ceremonies Accelerator, visit the Humanist International webpage for details about participation. Apply here by 14th March 2025: https://humanists.international/blog/join-the-humanist-ceremonies-accelerator/Follow Laimingas Žmogus (Happy Human Lithunia)
What is reality? Why are we here? What gives life meaning?These questions have fueled human inquiry across science, philosophy, and theology for centuries. Yet, despite countless breakthroughs and reflections, each discipline often explores these mysteries in isolation, offering fragmented insights without a unified perspective.The Unified Reality Theory (URT) aims to bridge these gaps by presenting a revolutionary model of reality. At its core, URT posits that time is not a straight line but a self-consistent, looping timeline where past, present, and future coexist. This framework reconciles the tension between free will and determinism, providing a new way to understand how our choices shape both our lives and the universe itself.URT draws from key scientific concepts like quantum mechanics, cosmology, and relativity, exploring how observation and causality anchor events in reality. It also delves into philosophical inquiries on time, purpose, and the nature of existence, while respecting theological ideas of divine observation, interconnectedness, and eternity. By synthesizing these perspectives, the theory offers a holistic vision of reality that encourages dialogue between science, philosophy, and faith.This book invites readers to embark on a journey that challenges conventional assumptions and explores how all things are deeply interconnected. Whether you're a scientist, philosopher, spiritual seeker, or someone driven by curiosity, URT provides thought-provoking insights to inspire deeper reflection.
Hablar de Urtáin es hacerlo de uno de los deportistas con más renombre de la década de los 60 y 70, al nivel casi de lo que significó Rafa Nadal en términos de popularidad. Hoy queremos recordar su legado en el deporte y su trágico final
Hablar de Urtáin es hacerlo de uno de los deportistas con más renombre de la década de los 60 y 70, al nivel casi de lo que significó Rafa Nadal en términos de popularidad. Hoy queremos recordar su legado en el deporte y su trágico final
Kā personīgie apsvērumi un individuālā pieredze konfliktē ar vispārpieņemto un zinātniski pierādīto? Viens no skaidriem piemēriem šādai divu pasauļu sadursmei un sabiedrības polarizācijai bija Covid vakcinācija, kad ne viens vien Latvijas iedzīvotājs atturējās vai vilcinājās sekot ārstu un institūciju norādēm. Arī šobrīd ik pa laikam ziņās dzirdam stāstus par cilvēkiem, kas atteikušies vakcinēties paši vai arī vakcinēt savas atvases, un tas liek lauzīt galvu dažādām nozarēm. Latvijas Universitātes pētnieki ir padziļināti skaidrojuši argumentus un motivāciju nevakcinēties un sniedz savus priekšlikumus, kā nākotnē uzlabot saskarsmi starp sabiedrību un valdību. Kā sabiedrība var vienoties par tādiem pasākumiem kā kolektīvā imunizācija, ja katram pieredze un viedokļi atšķiras? Ko par to saka psihologi, sabiedrības veselības pētnieki un filozofi? Raidījumā Zināmais nezināmajā analizē Rīgas Stradiņa universitātes asociētā profesore un Sabiedrības veselības institūta direktore Anda Ķīvīte-Urtāne, Latvijas Universitātes Filozofijas un socioloģijas institūta pētnieks, Latvijas Kultūras akadēmijas un Rīgas Stradiņa universitātes pasniedzējs Andrejs Balodis, Latvijas Universitātes Filozofijas un socioloģijas institūta vadošais pētnieks, Rīgas Stradiņa universitātes pasniedzējs un pētnieks Uldis Veigners un Latvijas Universitātes profesors un vadošais pētnieks sociālajā psiholoģijā un politikas psiholoģijā Ģirts Dimdiņš. Iesākumā par kosmosu, Sauli, tostarp pavadoņiem, jaunumi šīs nedēļas zinātnes ziņās. NASA zonde aizlidojusi Saulei tuvāk nekā jebkurš cits kosmosa kuģis. Šīs nedēļas sākumā zinātnes tīmekļa vietnē “Nature” nonākusi vēsts par sasniegumiem kosmosa industrijā, kas realitātē notikuši jau gada beigās, Ziemassvētku laikā, bet publikācija tapusi mazliet vēlāk. Proti, 24. decembrī Nacionālās aeronautikas un kosmosa administrācijas jeb NASA zonde “Parker Solar Probe” jeb Pārkera Saules zonde izspraukusies cauri Saules atmosfērai, nonākot zvaigznei Saulei tuvāk , nekā jebkad ir bijis kāds cits kosmosa kuģis. Nedēļas kosmosa foto: aprit 10 gadu, kopš Habla kosmiskais teleskops novērojis kosmosa milžus - Jupiteru, Saturnu, Urānu un Neptūnu. Saistībā ar otru kosmosa stāstu jāmin, ka viena tā daļa saistīta ar faktiem, ko gadu gaitā pētniekiem par lielajām planētām izdevies noskaidrot, bet otra puse ir arī tas, ka planētas ir… skaistas. Un, ja vēl teleskopa novērotas un atsevišķos brīžos attēlu veidā iemūžinātas planētas saliek kopā, tad izveidojas brīnišķīga fotomontāža, kas varētu kalpot pat kā apsveikuma kartīte svētkos. Taču svarīgāka ir attēlu zinātniskā nozīme, jo ne jau tikai prieka pēc Habla teleskops fiksējis planētas projekta OPAL ietvaros. Plutons, iespējams, ir notvēris savu pavadoni Haronu ar īsu kosmisku “skūpstu”. Kosmosa stāsts Nr. 3 - par to, kā pundurplanēta Plutons ticis pie sava pavadoņa. Pagājušajā nedēļā, skaidrojot dažādās teorijas, kā planētas tikušas pie pavadoņiem, pieminēju to, ka saskaņā ar vienu no teorijām nozīme ir Hilla sfēras jeb gravitācijas ietekmes rādiusam, citiem vārdiem - minimālajam attālumam, lai planēta pavadoni noturētu orbītā. Vienkāršoti sakot - planēta “notver” pavadoni savā ietekmes zonā.
In der heutigen Podcast-Folge geht es um einen Streit über Fortbestand des Arbeitsverhältnisses nach einem Aufhebungsvertrag. Die Klägerin behauptet, der Vertrag sei unter widerrechtlicher Drohung abgeschlossen worden. Die Rechtsanwälte Tobias Gerlach und Ansgar Dittmar betrachten den Fall, den das Bundesarbeitsgericht entschieden hat und erläutern, was Betriebsräte in diesem Fall tun sollten. Themen der Episode: Schilderung des Urteils (BAG, Urt. V. 24.02.22 – 6 AZR 333/21) Was kannst du als Betriebsrat in einem solchen Fall machen? Wie kannst du als Betriebsrat deine Kollegen sensibilisieren? Seminarempfehlung aus dem Podcast: Seminar Arbeitsrecht Teil 3: https://www.waf-seminar.de/br258 Seminar Betriebsverfassungsrecht 2: https://www.waf-seminar.de/br164
Was ist in der KW 49 in der Datenschutzwelt passiert, was ist für Datenschutzbeauftragte interessant? Wir geben einen kurzen Überblick der aktuellen Themen: EuGH (Dritte Kammer), Urt. 28.11.2024 - C-169/23 (Másdi) https://curia.europa.eu/juris/document/document.jsf?text=&docid=292739&pageIndex=0&doclang= DE&mode=req&dir=&occ=first&part=1 reCAPTCHA nicht technisch erforderlich https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokument.wxe?ResultFunctionToken=66d97250-6598-4eca-b617-63dc190b7ac8&Position=1&SkipToDocumentPage=True&Abfrage=Bvwg&Entscheidungsart=Undefined&SucheNachRechtssatz=False&SucheNachText=True&GZ=&VonDatum=&BisDatum=&Norm=DSG&ImRisSeitVonDatum=&ImRisSeitBisDatum=&ImRisSeit=Undefined&ResultPageSize=100&Suchworte=&Dokumentnummer=BVWGT_20240913_W298_2274626_1_00 Schleswig-Holsteinisches OLG, Urteil vom 22.11.2024, Az. 17 U 2/24 Empfehlungen der BNetzA zu smarten Alltagsprodukten https://www.bundesnetzagentur.de/SharedDocs/Pressemitteilungen/DE/2024/20241129_Spionagegeraete.html noyb und verbraucherschutzverein.eu sind „qualifizierte Einrichtung" zur Erhebung von Verbandsklagen in der EU Empfehlungen & Lesetipps: Europäische Datenschutzausschuss (EDSA) veröffentlicht Leitlinien zu Artikel 48 DSGVO über Datenübermittlungen an Behörden in Drittländern https://www.edpb.europa.eu/system/files/2024-12/edpb_guidelines_202402_article48_en.pdf Weitere Infos, Blog und Newsletter finden Sie unter: https://migosens.de/newsroom/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/DS_Talk Übersicht aller Themenfolgen: https://migosens.de/datenschutz-podcast-themenfolgen/ (als eigener Feed: https://migosens.de/show/tf/feed/ddt/) Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/datenschutztalk_podcast/ Folge hier kommentieren: https://migosens.de/recaptcha-setzt-keine-technisch-erforderlichen-cookies-datenschutz-news-kw-49-2024/↗ #TeamDatenschutz #TeamInfoSec #DSTalk
BAG, Urt. v. 25.7.2024 – 8 AZR 225/23 Arbeitnehmer verlangt Schadenersatz Art. 82 Abs. 1 DSGVO Vorgeschichte: Kündigung / Klage dagegen hatte Erfolg Einladung zum Gespräch über Stellenwechsel Vorlage eine AU-Bescheinigung / erneute Kündigung/ erfolglos Änderungskündigung / Annahme unter Vorbehalt/ Klage erfolglos 4. Februar 2024 /Auseinandersetzung /Beschäftigungsklage / AU „außerhalb der Arbeitszeit“ an diesem Tag erlittenen Verletzung Zeit vom 25. Februar 2022 bis zum 4. März 2022 - Überwachung durch Detektei - „Sägen und Schleifen“ Anhörung wegen vorgetäuschter Arbeitsunfähigkeit Schriftsatz vom 31. August 2022 - Zahlung eines „Schmerzensgeldes“ iHv. mindestens 25.000,00 Euro Urteil des BAG Das Gericht kam zu dem Betrag von 1.500 Euro als immateriellen Schadensersatz, indem es verschiedene Faktoren berücksichtigt hat, um eine angemessene und verhältnismäßige Entschädigung festzulegen. Die wesentlichen Überlegungen dabei waren: 1 Ausgleichsfunktion des Schadensersatzes nach Art. 82 Abs. 1 DSGVO: Der Schadensersatzanspruch soll die tatsächlich erlittenen Schäden ausgleichen und keine Straf- oder Abschreckungsfunktion erfüllen. Das Gericht achtete darauf, dass der Entschädigungsbetrag dem realen, erlittenen Schaden entspricht und kein übermäßiger Betrag zugesprochen wird. 2 Umfang der Überwachung und Art der Datenverarbeitung: Die Überwachung umfasste mehrtägige Beobachtungen des Klägers in seinem privaten Umfeld und die Erfassung von Gesundheitsdaten (wie z.B. seinem Gang). Da es sich um sensible personenbezogene Daten handelt, stellte dies einen erheblichen Eingriff in die Privatsphäre des Klägers dar, was einen Schadensersatzanspruch rechtfertigte. 3. Dauer und Intensität der Observation: Die Überwachung fand über einen Zeitraum von wenigen Tagen und nur stichprobenartig statt, ohne Videoaufnahmen oder andere intensivere Erfassungen. Das Gericht bewertete dies als eine weniger schwere Form der Überwachung und setzte den Entschädigungsbetrag entsprechend moderat an. 4. Fehlende Schwere des emotionalen Schadens: Der Kläger machte geltend, dass die Überwachung ihn in seiner Privatsphäre beeinträchtigte und zu einem Verlust an Sicherheitsgefühl führte. Das Gericht anerkannte dies, sah aber keine Belege für tiefergehende psychische Belastungen oder andere erhebliche negative Auswirkungen. Der Betrag von 1.500 Euro wurde daher als ausreichend angesehen, um den emotionalen und psychologischen Schaden des Klägers auszugleichen. 5. Verhältnismäßigkeit zu ähnlichen Fällen: Die Höhe des Schadensersatzes orientierte sich auch an der bisherigen Rechtsprechung und vergleichbaren Fällen, in denen eine Entschädigung im unteren vierstelligen Bereich für ähnliche Eingriffe in die Privatsphäre zugesprochen wurde. Artikel: 1. Videoüberwachung am Arbeitsplatz 2. Krankschreibung nach Kündigung Homepage: Rechtsanwalt Arbeitsrecht Berlin
Grundsatz: Pausen sind keine Arbeitszeit Pausen sind festzulegen Pause und Arbeitszeit schließen sich aus Fall: BAG, Urt. v. 21.8.2024 – 5 AZR 266/23 - AN in Kantine verbrachten Pausen - „Daueralarmbereitschaft“ - Monitor mit Störungsmeldung - permanente „Hab-Acht-Stellung“ - damit keine Pause, sondern Arbeitszeit BAG: Ruhepause iSv. § 4 ArbZG liegt vor Artikel: 1. Arbeitszeit und Arbeitszeiterfassung 2. Arbeitszeitbetrug beim Nichtausstempeln in Zigarettenpause 3. Pflicht zur Arbeitszeiterfassung? Homepage: Rechtsanwalt Arbeitsrecht Berlin
Jaunosios kartos dizainerė Urtė Katiliūtė – viena iš kelių lietuvių kūrėjų, savo kolekcijas sėkmingai pristatančių didžiosiose pasaulio mados sostinėse. Nors dažnai atrodo, kad lietuviška mados industrija per maža, kad pasiektų, tarkime, Paryžių, Urtė pabrėžia, kad galimybių tikrai netrūksta. Tiesa, tenka pripažinti ir tai, kad kultūrinis finansavimas mados kūrėjų atžvilgiu ne visuomet skirstomas sąžiningai ar įvertinant lietuviškos mados potencialą.Ved. Deimantė Bulbenkaitė
Raidījums “(Bez)maksas sports” - informatīvi analītisku un izglītojošu stāstu un diskusiju raidījums par lielajiem jautājumiem Latvijas un pasaules sportā. 2. sezonas 4. epizodes tēma: Murjāņu Sporta ģimnāzija ir vienīgā valsts dibinātā un finansētā vispārējās izglītības un sporta izglītības iestāde. Sporta sabiedrībā jau vairākus gadus tiek apspriests jautājums par organizācijas nākotni, plāniem un uzdevumiem. Šobrīd izglītības iestāde, kas izaudzinājusi vairāk nekā 100 Latvijas olimpiešus, nonākusi finanšu grūtībās, un atkal aktualizējies jautājums par MSĢ ilgtermiņa stratēģiju. Kāda ir Murjāņu Sporta ģimnāzijas loma un ietekme uz jauniešu izglītību un sporta nozari? Cik lielu pienesumu Murjāņi dod Latvijas sportam kopumā un kādas pārmaiņas gaidāmas? Studijā: MSĢ direktors Sergejs Čevers, laikraksta “Diena” sporta žurnālists Māris Zembergs, Latvijas Riteņbraukšanas federācijas ģenerālsekretārs Toms Markss un portāla Sportacentrs.com žurnālists Rolands Eliņš. Raidījumu vada Jānis Celmiņš. Viedokļos dalās: vairākkārtējs Latvijas čempions vieglatlētikā (lodes grūšana) Māris Urtāns un Latvijas Basketbola savienības ģenerālsekretārs Kaspars Cipruss. Mediju atbalsta fonda ieguldījums no Latvijas valsts budžeta līdzekļiem. Par raidījuma saturu atbild TV4. #SIF_MAF2024
durée : 00:13:18 - Carnets de campagne - par : Dorothée Barba - Au programme de ces Carnets dans les Pyrénées-Atlantiques : du ramassage scolaire à pied à Urt, près de Bayonne, et une entreprise de Pau qui aide le grand public à réparer l'électro-ménager pour ne pas jeter, "la Chariotte Répare".
durée : 00:12:43 - Les affaires classées par Thierry Sagardoytho - En septembre 2013, le corps d'Abdel, un jeune maçon biarrot, est découvert dans le coffre de son véhicule abandonné, moteur allumé, sur les bords de l'Adour, à Urt. Le malheureux est connu de la justice pour des affaires de stupéfiants, mais est-ce là le mobile du crime ?
Par to, ka dabu ir patīkami baudīt vietās, kas ir aizsargājamas un kļuvušas par kāda dabas parka teritorijām, droši vien pārliecinājies ikviens, kas dabā dodas. Bet kā ir ar šādu aizsargājamu teritoriju esamību jūrā? Arī tur ir vietas, kas īpaši sargājamas. Taču nezinu, vai daudzi spēs nosaukt aizsargājamās teritorijas Baltijas jūrā tikpat ātri, kā uzburt iztēlē, piemēram, ainas no Gaujas nacionālā parka vai Slīteres. Latvijā šobrīd ir septiņas jūras aizsargājamās teritorijas, un tās stiepjas no Nidas Latvijas dienvidos, skarot Irbes šaurumu un Rīgas līča rietumu piekrasti, līdz pat Ainažiem valsts ziemeļos. Pēdējos gados tika veikta arī zinātniskā izpēte Latvijas ekskluzīvajā ekonomiskajā zonā Baltijas jūrā un padziļināti pētītas vēl trīs teritorijas, kas varētu tikt iekļauts aizsargājamo jūras teritoriju tīklā. Lielākā no tām ir Zēģelnieku sēkļi pie Ventspils, iepretī Pāvilostā esošo teritoriju iecerēts saukt par Alku sēkli, bet trešā teritorija atrodas Liepājas tuvumā un turpmāk tiks saukta par Papes kalvi. Nezinu, vai zinātnieku sniegtie ieteikumi zvejas regulēšanai šajās vietās vai pašu teritoriju robežas un tas, ko tajās drīkstēs un nedrīkstēs darīt, pēdējā laikā ir radījis satraukumu arī daļā zvejnieku. Ir notikušas sanāksmes, kurās pētnieki tikušies ar zvejniekiem, lai skaidrotu situāciju un ko tad īsti varam sagaidīt no šīm teritorijām un darbošanās tajās. Raidījumā Zināmais nezināmajā diskutē abu pušu pārstāvji: Solvita Strāķe, Latvijas Hidroekoloģijas institūta vadošā pētniece, Ivars Putnis, zinātniskā institūta BIOR Jūras nodaļas vadītājs un vadošais pētnieks, Andris Cīrulis, biedrības "Mazjūras zvejnieki" un Ēvalds Urtāns, Zvejnieku federācijas priekšsēdētājs. Gaujas nacionālā parka vērtības un jaunais dabas aizsardzības plāns Gaujas nacionālais parks 14. septembrī svin savu 51. dzimšanas dienu. Tas ir Latvijas vecākais un arī apmeklētākais nacionālais parks. Laika gaitā ir mainījušies noteikumi par to, kas parka dažādās zonās, tostarp rezervāta zonās, apmeklētājiem ir vai nav pieļaujams. Par vērtībām, ko parks glabā, par atļaujām tūristiem un jauno Gaujas nacionālā parka dabas aizsardzības plānu, stāsta Dabas aizsardzības pārvaldes Dabas aizsardzības departamenta direktore Gita Strode. Parka kodols ir rezervāta zonas ar purviem un gravām un dabas lieguma zona ar Gaujas senieleju. Šo dabas vērtību un ainavas saglabāšanai tad arī parks savulaik izveidots, kaut ceļotāji šo vietu labprāt izvēlējušies jau senāk. Kā norāda Gita Strode - ja mēs vērtos uz kādām gleznām vai zīmējumiem, kas radīti pirms 100, 150 gadiem vai vēl senāk, tad tur, kur šobrīd slejas nogāžu un gravu meži, iepriekš bijusi atklāta, parkveida ainava. Gan aizsardzības režīma dēļ, gan tāpēc, ka ir mainījusies nacionālā parka apsaimniekošanas prakse un cilvēku vajadzības, parka izskats ir mainījies. Tā vērtības ir ne tikai devona smilšakmens atsegumi, bet arī meži, zālāji un Gauja ar tās pietekām. Pagājušajā gadā apstiprināts Gaujas nacionālā parka dabas aizsardzības plāns 2023.-2035. gadam, kurā izvērtētas šī parka dabas vērtības, ietekmējošie faktori, draudi vērtību saglabāšanai, dažādu pušu intereses, tāpat arī birokrātiskie šķēršļi, lai īstenotu dabas apsaimniekošanas pasākumus. Tā rezultātā plānā sagatavoti ieteikumi par to, cik daudz ierobežot mežsaimniecību, kur atjaunot zālājus, kā mazināt slodzi uz Gaujas upi, kā regulēt tūristu plūsmas un tamlīdzīgi. Sagatavots arī priekšlikums izmaiņām normatīvajā regulējumā. Jau pavisam drīz ikvienam interesentam būs iespēja uzzināt par šīm izmaiņām plašāk, un Gita Strode teic - diskusijas noteikti būs garas.
In dieser «Fiirabigmusig» tauchen wir in die vielseitige Schweizer Ländlermusik ein. Ausserdem stellt Dani Häusler mit ««Ä Gruess zum Abschied» eine Aufnahme der Kapele Echo vom Kinzig vor. Die Kapelle Echo vom Kinzig hat polarisiert. Während ihre Fans deren Urtümlichkeit und Kraft verehrten, lehnten sie andere wegen ihres «rauhen» Klanges und ihres vermeintlichen «Nichtkönnens» ab. Trotzdem waren sie sehr erfolgreich.
EuGH, Urt. v. 27.6.2024 - Rs. C-284/23 - Kündigung - Kündigungsschutzklage + Mitteilung der Schwangerschaft - keine Anfechtung bei Eigenkündigung - EuGH: Frist in der Regel zu kurz Artikel: Artikel: 1. Blogartikel zur EuGH-Entscheidung 2. Beschäftigungsverbote in der Schwangerschaft 3. Antrag auf Zustimmung zur Kündigung in Schwangerschaft Homepage: Rechtsanwalt Arbeitsrecht Berlin im Prenzlauer Berg
Stāsti par seno vēsturi dažādu laiku vēsturiskās rekonstrukcijās. Ko mēs joprojām spējam uzzināt paši par sevi, rekonstruējot vēstures notikumus dažādos laikos un kāpēc ir svarīgi biedroties ar līdzīgi domājošajiem? Kultūras rondo studijā dzīvās vēstures entuziasts, vēstures izpētes un rekonstrukcijas kluba “Rodenpoys” aktīvists Uģis Urtāns, vēstures un arheoloģijas pētnieks Eduards Plankājs, kurš ipaši pievērsies 9 - 13. gadsimta izpētei, un Vilku Ilze jeb Ilze Ceļmillere, kuru šobrīd vairāk zinām kā "Glass Mountain Studio" mākslinieci un grupas "Rāva" dalībnieci. Visi trīs sarunas dalībnieki nesen ir atgriezušies no kāda vēstures rekonstrukcijas festivāla. Uģis Urtāns bijis Grunvaldē, Polijā, vienā no lielākajiem vēstures rekonstrukcijas festivāliem. Savukārt Eduards Plankājs un Ilze Ceļmillere bija devušies Kiroveri Igaunijā, kur arī norisinās vēstures rekonstrukcijas festivāls. Tur izslēdz telefonus un divas dienas izdzīvo, atpūšoties no 21. gadsimta. Eduards Plankājs ar gandarījumu min, ka bieži arī akadēmiskajā vidē eksperiments kā tāds, kā arī vēsturiskā rekonstrukcija ieņem arvien būtiskāku lomu. "Ir zināmi spilgtāki un ar senākām tradīcijām piemēri par dažādiem etnogrāfiskiem muzejiem, kur ir viduslaiku vai vēlā dzelzs laikmeta ēkas taisītas. Skandināvijā un citās vietās caur eksperimentu pētnieks uzdod daudz dažādus jautājumus, lai pārbaudītu savas hipotēzes. Piemēram, kas paliks no mājas, ja to nodedzinās. Vai kādas paliekas ir pēc kuršu ugunskapa, kad to izveido pēc noteikta malkas apjoma un līdzi dotajiem priekšmetiem, rekonstruē un attiecīgi veic šo rituālo darbību, un nodedzina. Tas kļūst arī par elementu akadēmiskā izglītībā, lai pārbaudītu savus pieņēmumus," vērtē Eduards Plankājs. Bet kas mūsdienu cilvēkam būtu lielākais pārbaudījums, piemēram, no 13 gadsimta cilvēka ikdienās? "Es teiktu, ka pārziemot jau būtu izaicinājums. Mēs esam pieraduši, ka mums ir centrālā apkure, gāzes vai granulu katls. Bet pirmkārt, nodrošināt pārtiku, lai pēc rudens sirojumiem ir kaut kas klētī un pārziemot, tas būtu liels izaicinājums mūsdienu cilvēkam," uzskata Eduards Plankājs. "Mūsdienu cilvēks ir pie ērtībām pieradināts. nevaram kategorizēt, ka nevarētu, noteikti būtu kaut kāds procents, kas to varētu izdarīt," atzīst Uģis Urtāns. "Nav pat jāskatās uz 13. gadsimtu, varam paskatīties un 19. un 20. gadsimtu, kur joprojām paēšana bija atkarīga no tevis paša, jo tālākos laukos nebija tuvumā bode. Līdz ar to visu nepieciešamo pārtiku un citas lietas bija jāsagādā. Tad bija vai nu ziemā jācieš bads, vai ziemu varēja izdzīvot. Ja nebija malka sagādāta, bija jāsalst, ja bija malka bija, nebija jāsalst. Noteikti cilvēks ir pieradis pie ērtībām, lielākā problēma, ja mūsdienās pazustu internets vai elektrība, tad noteikti būtu ļoti sarežģīti lielai sabiedrības daļai."
Vor ziemlich genau hundert Jahren, am 28. Mai 1924, öffnete in Salzburg ein neues Museum seine Tore für die Öffentlichkeit – das Volkskunde Museum auf dem Hellbrunner Berg. Die Intention der ersten Ausstellung war es, Objekte zu zeigen, die mit Salzburger Traditionen in Verbindung gebracht werden. Die Trachten, Masken und Wachsfigürchen sollten den Besucher*innen Urtümliches und Althergebrachtes aus Salzburg zeigen. Doch was bedeutet eigentlich „Volkskultur“? Wer entscheidet, was dazu zählt und was nicht? Herzlich willkommen bei Museum am Sofa, dem Podcast des Salzburg Museum.
We discuss getting and keeping this year's calf crop healthy. Plus, updates on Beef imports and exports, new possible genetic defects, markets, recaps, sales and more on this all new episode of the Ranch It Up Radio Show. Be sure to subscribe on your favorite podcasting app or on the Ranch It Up Radio Show YouTube Channel. EPISODE 189 DETAILS BOVINE RESPIRATORY DISEASE (BRD), MANAGE IT NOW. OVERVIEW OF BOVINE RESPIRATORY DISEASE COMPLEX Bovine respiratory disease (BRD), shipping fever pneumonia, or undifferentiated fever is a respiratory disease of cattle of multifactorial etiology with Mannheimia haemolytica and, less commonly, Pasteurella multocida, Histophilus somni ( see Histophilosis), or Mycoplasma bovis being the important bacterial agents involved. Viral pathogens may also be involved, such as bovine herpesvirus 1, parainfluenza-3 virus, and bovine respiratory syncytial virus. BRD has a multifactorial etiology and develops as a result of complex interactions between environmental factors, host factors, and pathogens. Environmental factors (eg, weaning, transport, commingling, crowding, inclement weather, dust, and inadequate ventilation) serve as stressors that adversely affect the immune and nonimmune defense mechanisms of the host animal. In addition, certain environmental factors (eg, crowding and inadequate ventilation) can enhance the transmission of infectious agents among animals. Many infectious agents have been associated with BRD. An initial pathogen (eg, a virus) may alter the animal's defense mechanisms, allowing colonization of the lower respiratory tract by bacteria. BRD is most commonly associated with the transport and assembly of large groups of recently weaned calves into feedlots. Morbidity in these types of feeder calves often peaks within the first 7–10 days after feedlot arrival. Morbidity can approach 35%–50%, and case fatality is 5%–10%; however, the levels of morbidity and mortality strongly depend on the array of risk factors present in the cattle being fed. The use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials labeled for bovine respiratory disease is the primary treatment, with macrolides and fenicols most commonly used as first-line treatment. Prevention and control are achieved via vaccination programs, preconditioning, identification and treatment of subclinically infected animals, and biosecurity. Etiology of Bovine Respiratory Disease The pathogenesis of bovine respiratory disease involves a stress factor, sometimes coupled with viral infection, which results in suppressed immune defenses and the proliferation of bacteria in the upper respiratory tract. Subsequently, these bacteria colonize the lower respiratory tract and cause bronchopneumonia with a cranioventral distribution in the lung. Many of the bacteria and viruses involved are commensal organisms of the upper respiratory tract that can be isolated from a proportion of healthy animals. Multiple stress factors contribute to the suppression of host defense mechanisms in cattle. Weaning is a noteworthy stressor, and the incidence of this disease is highest in recently weaned calves. Transportation over long distances serves as a stressor; it may be associated with exhaustion, starvation, dehydration, chilling, and overheating, depending on weather conditions. Additional important stressors include passage through auction markets; commingling, processing, and surgical procedures on arrival at the feedlot; dusty environmental conditions; and nutritional stress associated with a change to high-energy rations in the feedlot. The individual viral and bacterial etiologies, clinical signs, lesions, and treatment are discussed under Viral Infections Associated with Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex in Cattle and Bacterial Pneumonia in Cattle with Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex. Viruses associated with BRD include: bovine herpesvirus 1 (IBR) bovine respiratory syncytial virus parainfluenza-3 virus bovine viral diarrhea virus bovine adenovirus bovine coronavirus Bacteria associated with BRD include: Mannheimia haemolytica Pasteurella multocida Histophilus somni Mycoplasma bovis Bibersteinia trehalosi Control and Prevention of Bovine Respiratory Disease Prevention of bovine respiratory disease should focus on decreasing the stressors that contribute to development of the disease. Cattle should be assembled rapidly into groups, and new animals should not be introduced to established groups. Mixing of cattle from different sources should be avoided or minimized if possible; however, in the North American beef industry, this risk factor is almost unavoidable for large intensive feedlots. Transport time should be minimized, and rest periods, with access to feed and water, should be provided during prolonged transport. Calves should ideally be weaned 2–3 weeks before shipment, and surgical procedures should be performed in advance of transport; however, the availability of these “preconditioned” calves is quite limited. Cattle should receive arrival processing, which would include vaccinations and possibly metaphylactic antimicrobials within 48 hours after arrival at the feedlot. Adaptation to high-energy rations should be gradual, because acidosis, indigestion, and anorexia may inhibit the immune response. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies should be corrected. Dust control measures should be used. Metaphylaxis with long-acting antimicrobials, such as oxytetracycline, tilmicosin, florfenicol, gamithromycin, tildipirosin, or tulathromycin, has been widely adopted as a control measure given “on arrival” to cattle at high risk of developing shipping fever pneumonia. Metaphylaxis on arrival has been shown to substantially decrease morbidity, improve rate of gain, and, in some cases, decrease mortality. Mass medication in feed or water is of limited value because sick animals do not eat or drink enough to achieve inhibitory blood levels of the antimicrobial, and many of these oral antimicrobials are poorly absorbed in ruminants. On arrival, processing usually involves administration of modified live virus vaccines for viral antigens and for bacterial components of shipping fever pneumonia. Because most cases of pneumonia occur during the first 2 weeks after arrival, these on-arrival vaccines may not have adequate time to stimulate complete immunity in all individuals. When possible, vaccinations for the viral and bacterial components of shipping fever pneumonia should be given 2–3 weeks before transport or earlier and can be repeated on entry to the feedlot. Key Points BRD is the most common and costly disease affecting the North American beef cattle industry. BRD risk factors include weaning, transportation, adverse weather, commingling, and stressful events such as dehorning and castration. BRD is caused by suppressed immune responses and initial viral infection, which allow colonization of the lung by commensal URT bacteria. Preconditioning, minimizing mixing, vaccination for BRD pathogens, and metaphylaxis for high-risk animals are major control methods. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials labeled for bovine respiratory disease are the primary treatment. For More Information Key elements for implementing antimicrobial stewardship plans in bovine veterinary practices. American Association of Bovine Practitioners. Updated March 2022 Joint AABP-AVC Judicious Therapeutic Use of Antimicrobials in Cattle Cattle Industry News: Beef From Australia, New Genetic Defects, Alberta Prepares for HPAI, Trips Suspended to Michigan Farms U.S. IMPORTS OF AUSTRALIAN BEEF UP 74% FROM A YEAR AGO Australian exports of beef to the United States have soared in the last 12 months, hitting over 31,000 tons in May. Compared to the same month a year ago, that sum is 74% higher, according to global supply analyst Tim Jackson of Meat & Livestock Australia, a checkoff group for the country's red meat producers. Australian farmers have also gained beef market share in Japan and South Korea largely at the expense of U.S. exporters, Jackson said. Australia's global beef exports last month were up 9% from April and 25% from May 2023, hitting almost 114,000 tons — the highest level in more than four years. Jackson commented that the U.S. declines in production are now having a noticeable impact on export flows. NEW GENETIC DEFECT AFFECTING CATTLE MOBIDITY AND MEAT QUALITY Cattle have long been a cornerstone of agriculture, providing us with milk, meat, and various other products that nourish and sustain our communities. Ensuring the cattle's health and optimal muscle development is vital when producing high-quality beef. However, various genetic conditions can disrupt muscle metabolism, affecting animals' well-being and the quality of the meat they produce. Researchers at the University of Nebraska — Lincoln have discovered a new defect in composite cattle (Simmental, Red Angus, Gelbvieh) that often caused physical collapse when they exercised, with some calves unable to recover. This is an autosomal recessive genetic defect, which means both parents of affected calves must carry one copy of the mutation. TRIPS SUSPENDED TO MICHIGAN FARMS The Michigan Department of Health and Human Services asked the public to postpone visits to farms with dairy herds and poultry flocks amid the HPAI outbreak. Over the past few weeks, Michigan has reported two human cases of the H5 virus. The department asked schools, daycares, camps and other programs to delay any planned field trips to farms. ALBERTA PREPARES FOR HPAI IN CATTLE According to Chris Scott with Meating Place dot com, Confirmation of H5 virus infections in U.S. dairy cows is prompting animal health officials in Canada to consider their options to prevent the virus from affecting herds north of the U.S. border. Dr. Keith Lehman, Alberta's chief veterinarian, told CBC News that vigilant surveillance is critical to protecting the Canadian dairy herd from a virus that has been confirmed among dairy cows in nine U.S. states so far. Canada imposed new import rules last month that require lactating cows from U.S. dairy farms test negative for H5 within seven days of export to help the nation maintain its HPAI-free status among cattle. UPCOMING SALES & EVENTS ISA Beefmasters: October 5, 2024, San Angelo, Texas BULL SALE REPORT & RESULTS Churchill Cattle Company Van Newkirk Herefords Gardiner Angus Ranch Cow Camp Ranch Jungels Shorthorn Farms Ellingson Angus Edgar Brothers Angus Schaff Angus Valley Prairie Hills Gelbvieh Clear Springs Cattle Company CK Cattle Mrnak Hereford Ranch Frey Angus Ranch Hoffmann Angus Farms Topp Herefords River Creek Farms Upstream Ranch Gustin's Diamond D Gelbvieh Schiefelbein Farms Wasem Red Angus Raven Angus Krebs Ranch Yon Family Farms Chestnut Angus Eichacker Simmentals & JK Angus Windy Creek Cattle Company Pedersen Broken Heart Ranch Mar Mac Farms Warner Beef Genetics Arda Farms & Freeway Angus Leland Red Angus & Koester Red Angus Fast - Dohrmann - Strommen RBM Livestock Weber Land & Cattle Sundsbak Farms Hidden Angus Wheatland Cattle Company Miller Angus Farms L 83 Ranch U2 Ranch Vollmer Angus Ranch A & B Cattle Carter Angus Farms Roller Ranch Montgomery Ranch Jorgensen Farms DLCC Ranch Four Hill Farm North Country Angus Alliance Spruce Hill Ranch Wilson Angus FEATURING Dave Sjeklocha, DVM Merck Animal Health @merckanimalhealth https://www.merckvetmanual.com/ https://www.merck-animal-health-usa.com/ Mark VanZee Livestock Market, Equine Market, Auction Time https://www.auctiontime.com/ https://www.livestockmarket.com/ https://www.equinemarket.com/ @LivestockMkt @EquineMkt @AuctionTime Kirk Donsbach: Stone X Financial https://www.stonex.com/ @StoneXGroupInc Shaye Koester Casual Cattle Conversation https://www.casualcattleconversations.com/ @cattleconvos Questions & Concerns From The Field? Call or Text your questions, or comments to 707-RANCH20 or 707-726-2420 Or email RanchItUpShow@gmail.com FOLLOW Facebook/Instagram: @RanchItUpShow SUBSCRIBE to the Ranch It Up YouTube Channel: @ranchitup Website: RanchItUpShow.com https://ranchitupshow.com/ The Ranch It Up Podcast available on ALL podcasting apps. Rural America is center-stage on this outfit. AND how is that? Tigger & BEC Live This Western American Lifestyle. Tigger & BEC represent the Working Ranch world and cattle industry by providing the cowboys, cowgirls, beef cattle producers & successful farmers the knowledge and education needed to bring high-quality beef & meat to your table for dinner. Learn more about Jeff 'Tigger' Erhardt & Rebecca Wanner aka BEC here: TiggerandBEC.com https://tiggerandbec.com/ #RanchItUp #StayRanchy #TiggerApproved #tiggerandbec #rodeo #ranching #farming References https://www.stonex.com/ https://www.livestockmarket.com/ https://www.equinemarket.com/ https://www.auctiontime.com/ https://gelbvieh.org/ https://www.imogeneingredients.com/ https://alliedgeneticresources.com/ https://westwayfeed.com/ https://medoraboot.com/ http://www.gostockmens.com/ https://www.imiglobal.com/beef https://www.tsln.com/ https://transova.com/ https://axiota.com/ https://www.merckvetmanual.com/respiratory-system/bovine-respiratory-disease-complex/overview-of-bovine-respiratory-disease-complex#Key-Points_v74932778 https://www.meatingplace.com/Industry/News/Details/114883 https://www.cattlebusinessweekly.com/articles/new-genetic-defect-impacting-cattle-morbidity-and-meat-quality/ https://www.meatingplace.com/Industry/News/Details/114869 https://www.meatingplace.com/Industry/News/Details/114841 https://www.merck-animal-health-usa.com/
Ring frei für das Finale im aktuellen Rechtsprechungsbattle! Christian Walz, Anna Henrichs, Richard Ademmer und Christoph Spielmann – sämtlich Richter und AG-Leitende – treten ein in die nächste Runde der RefPod-Rechtsprechungsumschau. Nachdem Anna und Christian in der letzten Folge aktuelle Entscheidungen zum Zivil- und Strafrecht vorgestellt haben, dreht sich jetzt alles ums Öffentliche Recht und Zwangsvollstreckungsrecht. Christoph macht dich kurzerhand mal zur Fachanwältin/zum Fachanwalt fürs Verwaltungsrecht. Er stellt dir einen Mandanten vor, der mal so gar nicht damit einverstanden ist, wie die Polizei ihn anlässlich einer Versammlung behandelt hat. Gut, dass seine Probleme sowohl examensrelevant als auch jüngst vom Bundesverwaltungsgericht entschieden worden sind. Und zum krönenden Abschluss lässt Richard mit einer aktuellen und examensrelevanten BGH-Entscheidung zum Zwangsvollstreckungsrecht am Hochreck turnen. Da kann man ganz schön ins Schwitzen kommen. Aber die Mühe wird sich auszahlen, wie du hören wirst! :) Nicht vergessen: Du kannst unter unserem Instagram-Kanal (ref.pod) am Freitag nach diesem Podcast abstimmen, welche Entscheidung du am besten/spannendsten/lehrreichsten findest :) Viel Spaß mit der Folge! Wir freuen uns, wenn du uns abonnierst, bewertest und weiterempfiehlst :) Besprochene Entscheidungen: BVerwG, Urt. v. 27.03.2024 – 6 C 1.22 https://verfassungsblog.de/polizeifestigkeit-nur-noch-mit-grundrechtsschutz/ https://verfassungsblog.de/unfriedlichkeit-statt-verhinderungsblockade/ BGH, Beschl v. 07.03.2024 – I ZB 40/23 Unsere letzte Rspr.-Battle-Folge „# 34 Rspr.-Battle 2.1! Schwarzgeldabrede vs. schwere Körperverletzung“ bei Spotify, Apple Podcasts und YouTube. Kapitelmarken: 00:00 Einführung und Spielregeln 04:36 Aktuelle BVerwG-Entscheidung zum Versammlungsrecht 49:11 Aktuelle BGH-Entscheidung zum Zwangsvollstreckungsrecht 01:17:03 Ref-Ermessen und Hörerabstimmung http://www.refpod.de http://www.instagram.com/ref.pod/ E-Mail: jura.ref.pod@gmail.com Disclaimer: Der Podcast beinhaltet ausschließlich persönliche Ansichten der Podcasterinnen und Podcaster und insbesondere keine offiziellen Standpunkte der Justizprüfungsämter.
Christian Walz, Anna Henrichs, Richard Ademmer und Christoph Spielmann – sämtlich Richter und AG-Leitende – waren wieder auf Safari in der weiten Wildnis der aktuellen Rechtsprechungsfälle. Und sie haben wieder beeindruckende und examensrelevante Sichtungen gemacht, von denen sie berichten! Nicht „Big Five“, sondern „Big Four“: In dieser und in der nächsten Folge werden insgesamt vier examensrelevante und lehrreiche Entscheidungen vorgestellt. Überraschungen sind – wie im echten Examen – vorprogrammiert: Vorher weiß keiner der Teilnehmenden, welche Entscheidungen die anderen vorstellen! So kannst du etwa erleben, wie Christoph und Christian vorschnell auf ein Problem springen wollen, auf das es gar nicht ankam. Anna bespricht in dieser Folge eine strafrechtliche Entscheidung des BGH zu Grundfragen des StrafR AT (Rechtfertigung, Versuch, Rücktritt) und der schweren Körperverletzung. Ganz nach dem Geschmack der Prüfungsämter: Mit unerwarteten Ausflügen in andere Rechtsgebiete! Und Christian bespricht eine zivilrechtliche Entscheidung des BGH zu Schwarzgeldabreden in Grundstückskaufverträgen. Es geht um Fragen des BGB AT, SchuldR AT und SachenR – die Examensrelevanz springt einen praktisch an – wie ein Tiger! (Weil wegen Safari und so, du weißt schon.) Inklusive Wiederholung der sog. Schwarzarbeiterfälle! Und wie die Teilnehmenden einer Safari darum wetteifern, das spektakulärste Bild zu schießen, um es zu Hause mit stolzgeschwellter Brust jedem vor die Nase zu halten, treten auch in dieser und in der nächsten Folge die vorgestellten Entscheidungen in einem Wettbewerb gegeneinander an. In einem Kräftemessen darum, welche Entscheidung am lehrreichsten und examensrelevantesten ist! Und diesen Wettbewerb entscheidest: Du! Du kannst unter unserem Instagram-Kanal (ref.pod) am Freitag nach diesem Podcast abstimmen, welche Entscheidung du am besten/spannendsten/lehrreichsten findest :) Viel Spaß beim Hören! Wir freuen uns, wenn du uns abonnierst, bewertest und weiterempfiehlst :) Besprochene Entscheidungen: BGH, Urt. v. 15.03.2024 – V ZR 115/22 BGH, Beschl. v. 17.04.2024 – 1 StR 403/23 Folge „# 27 Rspr.-Battle! Abschleppfall vs. räuberische Erpressung vs. GaststättenR“ bei Spotify, Apple Podcasts und YouTube. Kapitelmarken: 00:00 Einführung und Spielregeln 09:15 Aktuelle BGH-Entscheidung zu Schwarzgeldabreden in Grundstückskaufverträgen 36:03 Aktuelle BGH-Entscheidung Versuch und Rücktritt bei schwerer Körperverletzung 01:07:28 Halbzeitpause und Bedeutung von Privat-AGs http://www.refpod.de http://www.instagram.com/ref.pod/ E-Mail: jura.ref.pod@gmail.com Disclaimer: Der Podcast beinhaltet ausschließlich persönliche Ansichten der Podcasterinnen und Podcaster und insbesondere keine offiziellen Standpunkte der Justizprüfungsämter.
90. gados, attīstoties kabeļtelevīzijai un internetam, pilsētās pa gaisu tika savilkti visdažādākie vadi. Jau gandrīz 20 gadus vismaz Rīgā vadus pa gaisu vilkt nedrīkst, bet tie joprojām tiek lietoti, jo pārcelt visu infrastruktūru uz pazemi ir vai nu pārāk dārgi, vai neiespējami. Situāciju izmanto arī nelegālie pakalpojumu piedāvātāji, jo neviens nezina, kas kam pieder. Par situāciju telekomunikāciju pakalpojumu tirgū saruna Krustpunktā. Diskutē telekomunikāciju uzņēmuma "Baltcom" valdes loceklis Dmitrijs Ņikitins, "Tet" Juridiskās daļas direktors Toms Meisītis, Nacionālo elektronisko plašsaziņas līdzekļu padomes locekle Ieva Kalderauska un Rīgas dome Pilsētas attīstības departamenta direktora vietniece būvniecības jautājumos Ingūna Urtāne. Ja jūs dzīvojat ārpus lielajām pilsētām, tad ļoti iespējams, ka interneta vai televīzijas pakalpojumu pirkšanai jums nav lielas izvēles. Ir mobilo operatoru, varbūt vēl kādi piedāvājumi. Pilsētās viss ir citādi, īpaši Rīgā. Ir legāli, puslegāli, reizēm šķiet, vispār kaktu operatori. Visdažādākie censoņi savulaik steidzās piedāvāt kaut ko savu, velkot pa logiem, pa māju jumtiem, kur nu vēl ne. Ja jūs paskatāties arī šodien uz augšu Rīgā, var redzēt vietām visvisādus vadu mudžekļus. Jau gandrīz 20 gadus galvaspilsētā gaisa vadus ierīkot nedrīkst. Bet situācija ir pavisam dīvaina, jo neviens īsti nezina, kas kam pieder. Neviens tā īsti neriskē kaut ko griezt nost, nav zināms, kam varētu rasties tāpēc problēmas. Nelegāļi turpina uzdarboties un tādas īstas kārtības tajā visā nav. Par gaisa vadiem, par pakalpojuma sniedzējiem, konkurenci un arī drošību kaut kādā mērā saruna raidījumā.
90. gados, attīstoties kabeļtelevīzijai un internetam, pilsētās pa gaisu tika savilkti visdažādākie vadi. Jau gandrīz 20 gadus vismaz Rīgā vadus pa gaisu vilkt nedrīkst, bet tie joprojām tiek lietoti, jo pārcelt visu infrastruktūru uz pazemi ir vai nu pārāk dārgi, vai neiespējami. Situāciju izmanto arī nelegālie pakalpojumu piedāvātāji, jo neviens nezina, kas kam pieder. Par situāciju telekomunikāciju pakalpojumu tirgū saruna Krustpunktā. Diskutē telekomunikāciju uzņēmuma "Baltcom" valdes loceklis Dmitrijs Ņikitins, "Tet" Juridiskās daļas direktors Toms Meisītis, Nacionālo elektronisko plašsaziņas līdzekļu padomes locekle Ieva Kalderauska un Rīgas dome Pilsētas attīstības departamenta direktora vietniece būvniecības jautājumos Ingūna Urtāne. Ja jūs dzīvojat ārpus lielajām pilsētām, tad ļoti iespējams, ka interneta vai televīzijas pakalpojumu pirkšanai jums nav lielas izvēles. Ir mobilo operatoru, varbūt vēl kādi piedāvājumi. Pilsētās viss ir citādi, īpaši Rīgā. Ir legāli, puslegāli, reizēm šķiet, vispār kaktu operatori. Visdažādākie censoņi savulaik steidzās piedāvāt kaut ko savu, velkot pa logiem, pa māju jumtiem, kur nu vēl ne. Ja jūs paskatāties arī šodien uz augšu Rīgā, var redzēt vietām visvisādus vadu mudžekļus. Jau gandrīz 20 gadus galvaspilsētā gaisa vadus ierīkot nedrīkst. Bet situācija ir pavisam dīvaina, jo neviens īsti nezina, kas kam pieder. Neviens tā īsti neriskē kaut ko griezt nost, nav zināms, kam varētu rasties tāpēc problēmas. Nelegāļi turpina uzdarboties un tādas īstas kārtības tajā visā nav. Par gaisa vadiem, par pakalpojuma sniedzējiem, konkurenci un arī drošību kaut kādā mērā saruna raidījumā.
Bereits „Frischlinge“ im Betriebsratsamt können es nicht mehr hören: Vor Aufnahme der Amtstätigkeit haben sich Betriebsratsmitglieder stets bei ihrem unmittelbaren Vorgesetzen abzumelden. Anderenfalls, so wird in der Betriebsratsfortbildung betont, drohen Abmahnung und Kündigung (BAG, Urteil vom 5.07.1992 – 7 AZR 466/919). So weit, so richtig! Doch: Wie lebensnah, bitte, ist der für Arbeitgeber wie Betriebsräte oftmals gleichermaßen lästige Abmeldezirkus? Und: Gibt es ein Schlupfloch für AbmeldeMuffel? Die Rechtsanwälte und Mediatoren Niklas Pastille. LL.M. aus Berlin und Christoph Gussenstätter aus Bonn glauben es gefunden zu haben. Aber höre selbst! Themen in der heutigen Folge: Alter Hut, aber wichtig: Darum müssen sich BR-Mitglieder „abmelden“ Weniger bekannt: Wichtige Ausnahmen von der Abmeldepflicht Oftmals missverstanden: Die „Ich bin unersetzlich, Chef!“- Ausnahme (BAG, Urt. v. 29.06.2011 – 7 ABR 135/09) Dazu raten Anwälte Zum Mitschreiben: So befreit der Arbeitgeber Sie von Ihren Ab- und Rückmeldepflichten Seminarempfehlung aus dem Podcast: Seminar Betriebsverfassungsrecht Teil 1: https://www.waf-seminar.de/br163 Webinar Betriebsverfassungsrecht Teil 1: https://www.waf-seminar.de/on163
Prieš penktmetį į Lietuvos mados lauką įsiveržusi dizainerė Urtė Katiliūtė, dabar geriau žinoma URTE KAT vardu, sugebėjo padaryti stulbinamą karjerą, neseniai ją nunešusią net iki Paryžiaus mados savaitės. Urtės drabužiais rengiasi dešimtis milijonų sekėjų turinčios įžymybės, bet dizainerė išlieka ištikima ne tik savo šaliai, bet ir lietuviškiems amatams bei Lietuvos kultūrai.Ved. Deimantė Bulbenkaitė
Ar mākslīgā intelekta palīdzību var mēģināt ietekmēt gan vēlēšanu rezultātus, gan valsts drošību kopumā. Vai esam gatavi riskiem, ko raisa jauno tehnoloģiju straujā attīstība? Krustpunktā analizē Saeimas Valsts pārvaldes un pašvaldības komisijas sekretārs Ervins Labanovskis, NATO Stratēģiskās komunikācijas izcilības centra vadītājs Jānis Sārts, biedrības "Effective Altruism Latvia" valdes priekšsēdētājs Artūrs Kaņepājs un Rīgas Tehniskās universitātes Mākslīgā intelekta un sistēmu inženierijas katedras docents, Mākslīgā intelekta pētnieks Ēvalds Urtāns. Mākslīgais intelekts pasaulē jau izmantots vēlēšanu procesu ietekmēšanai, manipulēšanai ar sabiedrības viedokļiem, arī dezinformācijas izplatīšanai, tādēļ Saeimā skata likumprojektu, kas liek skaidri un nepārprotami norādīt mākslīgā intelekta izmantošanu priekšvēlēšanu aģitācijā. Eiropas Parlamentā arī ir apstiprināti vēl daudz plašāki noteikumi, kas regulē mākslīgā intelekta izmantošanu, bet vai ar to būs gana, vai pietiks gan tehnoloģisko, gan tiesisko resursu, lai stātos pretī dra?udiem, ko rada šāda tehnoloģiju attīstība
Marketingo specialiste dirbusi Urtė Jakubonienė panoro gyvenimą sieti su gyvūnais. Iš miesto su šeima persikėlusi į Zarasų rajono Vasaknų kaimą, dabar Urtė puoselėja šunų ir kačių kirpyklą ,,Pas Pūkį“. Moteris sako, kad šiame versle romantikos nėra, nes nors kiek atsipalaidavus ir praradus budrumą, galima atsidurti pavojingoje situacijoje.Palangos koncertų salėje atidaryta unikali paroda, skirta pagerbti Lietuvos estrados legendai Stasiui Povilačiui. Tarp parodos eksponatų - unikalios relikvijos, kurias padovanojo maestro šeima bei gerbėjai. Tarp unikaliausių eksponatų – ir asmeninis šlagerių karaliaus mikrofonas, su kuriuo dainininkas pasirodydavo visuose savo koncertuose, ir gastrolėse Stasį Povilaitį lydėjęs kelioninis sceninių rekvizitų krepšys.Robotinė chirurgija Europoje ir pasaulyje naudojama vis dažniau – pasitelkiant šią inovatyvią chirurgijos technologiją sprendžiamos itin sudėtingos pacientų sveikatos problemos, o pati technologija leidžia chirurgui operaciją atlikti preciziškiau, sukeliant mažiau skausmo pacientui. Atliekant robotines operacijas jau pasitelkiamas ir dirbtinis intelektas.Basanavičynės kaštonas, laimėjęs Lietuvos 2023 metų medžio titulą, pradeda kelionę link Europos 2024 metų medžio titulo. Šis konkursas dar vadinamas Europos medžių „eurovizija“: šiemet konkurse be Lietuvos nacionalinio muziejaus Jono Basanavičiaus gimtinėje augančio kaštono varžysis dar 14 pačių įvairiausių medžių iš įvairiausių šalių.Ved. Paulius Selezniovas
Bei der Prüfung der Strafbarkeit von sog. "Klimaklebern" wird in der Klausur der Tatbestand des Widerstands gegen Vollstreckungsbeamte (§ 113 StGB) häufig übersehen, da sich die Diskussion in Literatur und Medien überwiegend auf den Tatbestand der Nötigung (§ 240 StGB) konzentriert. Wir schauen uns in dieser Folge die Entscheidung des KG Berlin (Beschl. v. 16.8.2023 - 3 ORs 46/23, 161 Ss 61/23, NJW 2023, 2792) an und machen uns klar, warum die Rspr. zu § 240 StGB (sog. "Zweite-Reihe-Rechtsprechung") nicht ohne weiteres auf den Gewaltbegriff des § 113 StGB übertragbar ist. In der Folge erwähnt: BayVGH, Beschl. v. 13.9.2023 - 10 Cs 23.1650, RÜ 2023, 727 (Präventives Verbot von Klimakleber-Demonstrationen); BGH, Urt. v. 27.9.2022 - VI ZR 336/21, JuS 2023, 685 (Schienenblockade als Eigentumsbeeinträchtigung) Repetitorium: https://www.repetitorium-hofmann.de Anwalt für Prüfungsrecht: http://www.rechtsanwalt-hofmann.net - für Jurastudierende kostenlose Erstberatung! Intro: Jörg Hofmann, https://www.joerg-hofmann.com https://open.spotify.com/artist/7mGFxzVs5CPMyf3Lalpvlc
Triggerwarnung: Im ersten Fall wird sexualisierte Gewalt thematisiert. “Finale! Woohoo!” Diese Folge “Mordlust - Verbrechen und ihre Hintergründe” ist der krönende Abschluss zum § 211 des Strafgesetzbuches. Denn wir sprechen über das letzte Mordmerkmal, das noch aussteht: Die Ermöglichungsabsicht. Oli steht auf Sex, Drugs and Rock 'n' Roll. Auch in den frühen Morgenstunden des 6. September 2020 hat er mal wieder Lust, etwas zu erleben. Also zückt er sein Handy und verabredet sich über eine Dating App zu einem spontanen Abenteuer. Dass der Mann, auf den er gleich treffen wird, allerdings kein heißes Date, sondern die Umsetzung seiner schlimmsten Sex-Fantasien im Sinn hat, kann Oli nicht ahnen… Die 76-jährige Rentnerin Marianne hat vor einigen Monaten ihren Ehemann verloren. Seither lebt sie ganz allein in dem großen, freistehenden Einfamilienhaus im bayerischen Idyll und freut sich über jeden Menschen, der ihr Gesellschaft leistet. Doch eines Abends schauen nicht nur zwei Freund:innen bei Marianne vorbei, sondern auch fremde Männer, die sie im Schlafzimmer überraschen… Bei dem Mordmerkmal der Ermöglichungsabsicht geht es darum, dass Täter:innen um jeden Preis eine weitere Straftat begehen wollen und dafür wortwörtlich bereit sind, über Leichen zu gehen. Die Tötung ist also Mittel zum Zweck. Was dieses Mordmerkmal besonders macht, warum es keine Rolle spielt, wenn Täter:innen die nachfolgende Straftat gar nicht begehen und wie man wegen eines Ermöglichungsmordes verurteilt werden kann, ganz ohne zu Gewalt zu greifen, erfahrt ihr in dieser Episode. Interviewpartnerin in dieser Folge: Rechtsanwalt Benedikt Müller **Kapitel** 1. Fall “Oli” 2. AHA: Das Mordmerkmal der Ermöglichungsabsicht 3. Fall “Marianne” 4. AHA: Bedingter Tötungsvorsatz beim Mordmerkmal der Ermöglichungsabsicht 5. Raubmorde 6. Sexualmorde 7. Schwangerschaftsabbrüche 8. Betrug 9. Ermöglichungsmorde durch Unterlassen **Credit** Produzentinnen/Hosts: Paulina Krasa, Laura Wohlers Recherche: Paulina Krasa, Laura Wohlers, Vera Grün Schnitt: Pauline Korb Rechtliche Abnahme: Abel und Kollegen **Shownotes** ZDF-Doku Schuld & Sühne: https://bitly.ws/Uxoo *Fall “Oli”* LG Berlin, Urteil vom 07.01.2022 - (532 Ks) 278 Js 298/20 (5/21) Stern: Hunger: https://bitly.ws/WSKX *Fall “Marianne”* LG München II, Urteil vom 08.10.2018 - 1 Ks 33 Js 8536/17 Merkur: Raubmord Höfen: https://bitly.ws/WSL4 Südeutsche: Eine DNA-Spur bringt den Durchbruch: https://bitly.ws/WSL8 *Diskussion* juracademy: Mordmerkmale der dritten Gruppe: https://bitly.ws/WSLe lecturo: Der Mord, § 211 StGB: https://bitly.ws/WSLj Universität Mannheim: BGH, Urt. v.03.07.2015 -2 StR 422/14: https://bitly.ws/WSLq Spiegel: Leiche in Tiefkühltruhe: https://bitly.ws/WSLw **Partner der Episode** Du möchtest mehr über unsere Werbepartner erfahren? Hier findest du alle Infos & Rabatte: https://linktr.ee/Mordlust
In dieser examensrelevanten Entscheidung (Urt. v. 23.3.2023 - V ZR 67/22, JuS 2023, 783) setzt sich der BGH mit der Frage auseinander, inwieweit der Schadensersatzanspruch aus §§ 280, 281 BGB auf den dinglichen Beseitigungsanspruch nach § 1004 BGB anwendbar ist. Wir analysieren das Urteil des BGH und die dahinter stehende allgemeine Thematik, inwieweit Vorschriften aus dem Schuldrecht AT überhaupt auf dingliche Ansprüche angewendet werden können. In der Folge erwähnte Entscheidungen: BGH, Urt. v. 18.3.2016 - V ZR 89/15, JuS 2016, 1024 (zur Anwendbarkeit von §§ 280, 281 BGB auf § 985 BGB) BGH, Urt. v. 22.2.2018 - VII ZR 46/17, JuS 2018, 907 (fiktiver Schadensersatz im Werkvertragsrecht); dagegen für das Kaufrecht: BGH, Urt. v. 12.3.2021 - V ZR 33/19, JuS 2021, 793, für das Mietrecht: BGH, Urt. v. 19.4.2023 - VIII ZR 280/21, NJW-RR 2023, 991 Repetitorium: https://www.repetitorium-hofmann.de Anwalt für Prüfungsrecht: http://www.rechtsanwalt-hofmann.net - für Jurastudierende kostenlose Erstberatung! Intro: Jörg Hofmann, https://www.joerg-hofmann.com https://open.spotify.com/artist/7mGFxzVs5CPMyf3Lalpvlc
Urtė joins us to discuss her journey in planning her own humanist wedding which led to the founding of a new humanist social enterprise to provide services to those who do not want a traditional religious service, but more than a basic civil one. You can find her organization here: https://www.taipkitaip.lt/ Follow and connect with us: Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/AtheistAllianceInternational Twitter: https://twitter.com/atheistalliance Website: https://www.atheistalliance.org/ Join AAI: https://www.atheistalliance.org/membership/
This was fascinating….not only are their wine influencers in Lithuania, the food and wine culture is quickly growing and becoming European. Urté saw the need for wine and food eductions in her native Lithuania. The Soviet era stifled food creativity and clearly corralled wine production. In fact, during the Soviet era, each country had its role in the production of various alcohol products. Lithuania didn't get much of the action and the food and wine culture was depressed. Now, with their new found freedom, avenues for food and wine appreciation are exploding. Urté began studying the value of proper wine service and food pairing and is now doing a turn away business as a consultant. Have a listen….she is quite compelling.
The 16:9 PODCAST IS SPONSORED BY SCREENFEED – DIGITAL SIGNAGE CONTENT E-paper displays are, by far, best known for the little e-readers people use instead of printed books. The core technology used for those readers is what's also being used for things like meeting room displays and updated bus stop schedule signs that run off batteries and, in some cases, solar chargers. But that's all been in black and white and gray. Color displays, and particularly displays that can do full motion graphics and video playback, have largely stayed in the bucket of future technology. A small Dutch company is well along the path of changing all that - using something called electro-wetting display technology that gets its brightness from the sun, and would be used as low-energy alternatives to big LED video displays used for out of home advertising. In this podcast, I have a detailed chat with Etulipa founder Hans Feil, whose company is rapidly evolving and maturing the technology, and has a big investment and R&D partner in Daktronics, the big South Dakota-based LED manufacturer. We get into what the technology is and how it works, its differences with other kinds of e-paper, how it sets up, and its benefits. The company is still at the advanced R&D stage, but far enough along that it anticipates being in small quantity production next year, through a manufacturing partner in Taiwan. Subscribe to this podcast: iTunes * Google Play * RSS TRANSCRIPT Hans, thank you very much for joining me. Let's just get right to it. What the heck is electro wetting display technology? Hans Feil: That's a good question. It's what they call reflective display technology. Of course, you probably know about it already, but if people don't know, the introduction that I made is that I say you probably will have an e-reader, many people have e-readers nowadays and it's black and white and a little bit slow, but you can read it outdoors. If you take your iPad outdoor in the sun, it's difficult to read. We have something like your the display on the e-reader, but then with color and it's fast, and that's the that's the difference. So it's a reflective display technology. It reflects light so there's no back light behind, it doesn't emit light. So if you take our display into the dark, you don't see anything unless you light it up with a back light or front light. So that's for newcomers. If you're a chemist or a physicist or a scientist, I'd probably say it a little bit different, in the sense that what we do is that we manipulates liquids colored oils, and we have a layer colored oils and with little cells with oils and we can make small droplets with it and the size of the droplets we can. For instance, if you compare to print, many people have ink-jet printers and if they would take a magnifying glass and look at the paper, they're see little cyan, magenta and yellow droplets on the white paper, and what we do is we're mimicking this printing with cyan, magenta and yellow. So we have a white paper or white reflector, we call it. And we have three layers of glass on top of it with cyan, magenta, and yellow oil and each individual layer, we can switch this oil droplets, making them small or big. And if all the layers are spread, it's black because you don't see anything, all the lights are absorb. And if there are all the droplets are small, white or nearly white and depending on which droplets you switch and can get all the colors of the rainbow, and that's all very low power. From what I read on your website, unlike traditional, if you wanna call traditional ePaper, what we would know from E-ink displays primarily, this can do 25 frames per second motion, which is quite a bit different because when you see something change on an ePaper screen, it goes nuts for a fraction of a second as it reorganizes itself. Hans Feil: Yes, and in our case, it doesn't really reorganize, droplets just become big or small and it goes very fast. Was that a big step to get to the point where you could change them that quickly or is that kind of inherent in the technology design? Hans Feil: It comes automatically with the technology. It has never been slow. And with ePaper, and I'm certainly not banging on Eink, but they spent 20+ years advancing their color displays and they'll put out press releases saying we now have more color support than we used to but basically it's been a very long road to get 'em to full color. You're saying you've got full color gamut right now? Hans Feil: Yes, but also in our case, it was a very long long route too. The first paper of Rob Hayes and Johan Feenstra from Phillips Research was from 2003, so 19 years ago, this nature paper, where they're first showing to the world electro wetting display, or at least the concept and some examples. So that's 19 years ago and since then we are working very hard on progressing technology, making better making it possible to manufacture displays and so forth. So it's also a very long route. So what's the tie, if there is one to Phillips? Hans Feil: Right now, there is no tie except that we are located here in Eindhoven, what they call High Tech Campus, Eindhoven and it used to be the same campus, but smaller from Phillips Research in the old days. So the technology originally, the effect of switching oil droppers, was initially invented here a few hundreds of meters a away from the place where I'm standing now. Am I remembering correctly that you have a background with Phillips as well? Hans Feil: That's correct, yeah. I worked what they call the Phillips Research Labs since 1988 in various functions, but mostly quite scientific work in the old days, when it was a very scientific lab. And then I worked for a number of years in battery technology, lithium polymer batteries, and by the end of the 90s, and I got in touch of the guys who started this electro wetting displays, I think in 2004, so I'm 18 years active in electro wetting displays already. So like you said, it has been a bit of a road then? Hans Feil: Yes, sure. When did Etulipa start? Hans Feil: I'll share a bit of history. At Phillips, when we were working on electro wetting display technology, we did a spinoff called Liquavista, you may have heard the name. It was early 2006 and a little bit prior to that, there was interest from the German automotive mirror manufacturer, a very big one, who wanted to see if this technology could be used for rear view auto dimming mirrors, and at that time it looked very promising. In fact, after co-founding Liquavista, half a year later, together with an old colleague, I cofounded Miortech and Miortech was dedicated to use this electro wedding display technology for rearview mirrors. So by the end of 2006, we started this company, Miortech, trying to make the mirrors. Turned out to be that technology was not as fast as we hoped so there was a lot of development work to do. We really had to go back to the drawing table. In fact, we found out that there was a better way of making electro wetting displays with a different architecture that solved most of the initial problems. We patented that and then we started making prototypes of this mirrors, but basically it was a little bit too late, the market evolved and these automotive companies didn't want to really want it anymore. But also in fact, if you're trying to make a mirror with small oil droplets or small cells, there's also always some light scattering from this droplets and so we could never get this mirrors fully free from haze. It was always a little bit of haze, so it was not good enough. So by the end of 2012, so it was almost 10 years ago, we said these mirrors are no good. It's a display technology. We have our own patented way of making electro wetting displays, maybe there are display companies who are interested in, for instance, licensing this technology, the way that we make the devices. Turns out to be not so easy, but at some point of time, we were asked, “Can't you make outdoor display with this technology?” And in fact, that's the sweet spot of electro wetting display. If you really want to have bright, reflective colors, you need CMY, the stack of cyan, magenta, yellow. Just black and white display plus color filters is just not bright enough because you are throwing away two third of the light and so for reflective, you need CMY, and this stack has always a certain thickness because of the glass thickness, which also mean that it limits the the pixel density that you can reach. The rule of thumb is that the the thickness of the stack, CMY is roughly in the same range as the pixel size. And for outdoor displays, if you have a 10 millimeter pixels that's pretty good, that's pretty high resolution already. So we made a few samples with CMY, very simple samples. And we went along to outdoor display companies, including Daktronics at the time, it was 2013 or 2014 or something like that and we showed it to the folks at Daktronics and they liked it. So they said this looks promising, of course, it was very early days, we just had samples. But since then, we have worked together with Daktronics. They became a shareholder, supporting us all the way, step by step from small displays to black and white displays to full color displays that we have right now. So the story started in 2013, when we stopped the mirrors and said, okay, we need to move to outdoor displays with this, and I think it was a good bet. Did you find yourself going in the direction of outdoor displays because of market size or was it more the case of a company in Daktronics that specializes in large format, outdoor displays, was interested in it and therefore you had an automatic market partner? Hans Feil: No, the funny thing is, when we were still at Phillips and we were looking for what kind of markets we would first do with Liquavista, with the technology. I did some research on different markets and I found out that outdoor display markets was in the sweet spot of the technology. But then, and we are talking about 2005 or something like that, the venture capitalist who invested in Liquavista really want to go in mobile displays. So it was at a time when Nokia was still big and the market was growing so reflective displays for cell phones was the automatic market and we put aside the outdoor display at that time. So talking about my first PowerPoints I had and spreadsheet about market sizes for electro wedding displays for outdoor was already in 2005, so I had it always in my back of the minds and I had presentations ready when we made the switch. That's the reason why we visited Daktronics and a few others. So we didn't make the move to outward display just because of Daktronics, we had chosen for outdoor displays and it just fits with Daktronics. So just like LED displays, the kind that are manufactured by Daktronics primarily, these displays have a pixel pitch, correct? Hans Feil: Correct. So there's a gap between each pixel basically? Hans Feil:. Yes, they're point sources, sort of. And right now it's 10 millimeters, which in LED terms would sometimes be referred to as P10 or something, but I'm reading that you anticipate that you can get it down to 2.5mm? Hans Feil: Yes, that's correct. We already have made samples with TFT back planes with 2.5mm pixel pitch. So right now we have P10, so that are the first displays that we're making but the next stop would be 2.5 millimeter and also larger tiles. At P10, that's very competitive with conventional billboards that you would see on the side of a road and up above a building, that sort of thing. 2.5 means you could have it as a sidewalk level display that somebody would be able to view quite nicely from say 10 feet away? Hans Feil: Yes, exactly, like bus stops, sidewalks and that kinda stuff. Yeah. Do you have to get even tighter than that, and is it possible if you wanted to do print and bus schedules and things like that? Hans Feil: If we want to go to smaller pixel sizes, what's needed is somewhat thinner glass. So right now, the glass that we use is 0.5 millimeter and we have a stack of number of pieces of glass but if you go glass that's 0.2 millimeter or 0.3 millimeter, we can go to pixel sizes of 1 or 1.5 millimeter. Is that something that's possible, or it's not even developed yet by the glass manufacturers? Hans Feil: Oh no, the glass is there. There's even thinner. Basically, we do it step by step, but the glass is there. So this isn't a wish, it's just a when? Hans Feil: Yeah, exactly. There are many things that are a when. These units are, again, similar in certain respects to LED displays in terms of they have cabinets or tiles, and they stack together? Hans Feil: Correct. What are the sizes of these tiles, and are there limitations as to how many you can put together or is it modular and it can be as big as you want? Hans Feil: It's modular. The the tiles that we have right now are roughly 10 inch, and we have six tiles in one panel. That's how we build the displays that we have here in our backyard. And the next step with 2.5 millimeter, we're looking for 21 inch tiles so there'll be bigger tiles and smaller pitch, but there are no limits in how big you can make the displays of it. It's just metal scaling up the electronics and it's all modular. With the video support, I read that right now you're demonstrating animations and not full color video. Is there a reason for that or is just a matter that that's what makes sense right now? Hans Feil: Yeah, that it's mostly electronics development. There are two parts to this, one is the uniformity of the tiles. We are constantly improving the uniformity so the gray scales and the gray scale definitions become better and better, so that's what's needed, and the electronics development is a separate thing since we have to see how fast we can make the electronics work with the number of gray levels we have. Right now, it's designed with 7 bits color so you can have 128 droplet sizes per color, which for reflective is very much, to be honest, the uniformity is not so good that we can really make this one on the 128 droplet sizes very precise. It's a little bit less but that's all about scaling up the electronics. In the advertising world, generally speaking for digital out-of-home advertising, they're not using full motion anyways, except for spectaculars in Times Square and those big wrap arounds and so on. There's one heck of a lot of deployed stock that is just digital posters basically? Hans Feil: Yeah, for example, along freeways, you're not allowed to do any animation and so on. So as long as you can address full color and have the clarity that people want, they're happy? Hans Feil: Yeah, with the first display out here, it was a test for us to see what's the color space that we can see, what's the impression that we have, and so far we are quite happy. In fact, all the visitors that come along, many of them do not have very high expectations because they don't know what to expect with reflective colors and the the veterans, so to say, who have seen reflective displays before, they know when colors are dull. But everybody was surprised when they walk outdoor and see what we have in terms of color and brightness. People are amazed. I believe I saw that these displays can handle 15,000 lumens, that's the maximum brightness? Hans Feil: To be honest, we didn't measure it exactly yet. That really depends on how much sun comes on it. It scales perfectly with the with the amount of sunshine in the environment. It's like when you have newspaper, I don't have to tell you, of course, that newspaper in the bright sun is very bright but because your eyes are accommodated to the brightness of the environment, you don't do not really notice that it's so bright and that's the same with our display. In fact, here's a funny story, the cameraman who made his shots for the video clip that we have, he was he was used to taking shots of video or display and he suddenly realizes that he didn't have to adjust all his systems when the sun goes behind the cloud, the display didn't become less bright because the trees and the grass, et cetera, also became less bright. It was then when he realized, okay this is different from what I've seen so far because LED displays are brighter compared to the surroundings all the time. Yeah. It's wildly different, it's the opposite of outdoor LCDs, which are the primary things used for display totems to advertise street furniture, that kind of thing. They're always battling the sun, they've gotta be at least 2500 nits to eve overpower glare and so on, and you're saying, the brighter it is, the better it's gonna get? Hans Feil: Oh yeah, it's fine. But also, today's very gray weather here and I've been there with visitors when it was raining in and it still looked pretty good. It's only when it's getting really dark, likewhen the sun goes down, then you really notice. But it's the same with your eReader. At some point of time, you realize, okay, now I do not see enough contrast anymore, I have to switch on my back light or front light or whatever you have. That backlight or front light, whatever it may be, that's running off of a battery that's charged by solar collectors, right? Hans Feil: Yeah, that's correct. So you can be completely autonomous from electrical power grid, but is there enough power out of that battery to do cellular connectivity for updates? Hans Feil: Yes, sure. In fact, the trailer that we have out here, that was designed to have an LED display mounted on it, so that there's a little bit big battery, but it's one solar panel, a lead acid batteries in this trailer. In fact, we have never charged this one, never. Previously we had a black and white display on it and with our color display, the power consumption of our display is so low, we don't need to charge it. One thing I noticed in the reference photos is that the units have seams. It reminds me of 5-10 years ago when the LCD manufacturers every year would come up with some definition or description of even narrower bezel or seams in between the displays, and when LED came along, that got of a lot interest just because the seams went away, and people who were designing spaces were saying, okay, I wanna use LED instead, because there are no seams. Are you getting any pushback about that about the seams that exist and will those with time go away? Hans Feil: Pushback is a big word, but people do notice the seams, and although the seam here that we have here is smaller than the width of one pixel, so if you walk to the display, of course you see the seam, and we prefer to have narrow seams or no seams, but you can see the seams. If you walk away, they become less noticeable, and if you cannot discriminate between individual pixels anymore, then the seams are also becoming very thin or hardly visible. With LED display, if you walk toward the display, at some point of time, you can see the individual LEDs, right? The image breaks down and it become little light dots. And in our case, you start noticing the seam more and more. If you're really standing in front of it, of course you'll see many seams, but when you walk away on to say 30-50 feet for P10 pixel then it's hardly noticeable anymore. But again, of course, everybody wants to have thinner seams or no seams. So we have a program working on that to get them thinner, less noticeable. And also in future, when we go to larger tiles, seams will become thin. We had a big outdoor advertiser here in Holland who who used our 100 square meters screens with P10 pixels, and said that this solution would be good, and not to worry about the seams very much because for 100 square meter display, you're standing 50 meters away or even more, and you won't see the seams anymore. Where's the product at, are you now shipping or is it still in R&D? Hans Feil: No, we are now in the testing phase. So we have it out here in the backyard. The next display will be made and shipped to South Dakota for evaluating by Daktronics and their customers. By the end of the year, we are targeting to have a production capacity with our partner, URT in Taiwan, for 50 square meters per year, which isstill not much, but it's doable. And then early next year, we think the first display will be used by first customers here in the region because turns out there are parties that connected to us that have been waiting for low power display for many years but they couldn't go anywhere because the only thing that they had was LED, right? And now they have this option which some of them were looking for it for many years already. We have a client who, every two years, was making calculations about power consumption of the display and every two years he was disappointed that it was never low enough, and now suddenly he got in touch with us and said, this is what I need. So he'll probably use a number of our displays in the first half of next year. Are the upfront costs for this going to be higher than that for the upfront cost of conventional LED displays for the same footprint and are the savings more on the backend because you're not using power? Hans Feil: Yeah, that's correct. Right now, we are making them in small quantities So the price is not really reflecting how it can be. But indeed, there is a huge savings in situations where people have to make a connection to the grid, which can take months before they can get a connection, and it's also very often very expensive. We had one small, black and white display in a New York City bus stop, it turns out to be that the solution with our displays in that bus stop with a solar panel and a battery was 30% cheaper than the original version with LED displays, which were connected to the grid. This connection to the grid and all the work that, that goes along it and permits and so forth, make it very expensive. So even when there was a battery added and a solar panel added, and our display was more expensive than the LED one, it was much cheaper to have reflective displays. It was also new for us at that time. So going forward into 2023, if I am a outdoor media company in, let's say Australia, and I want to buy this, am I going to be buying it through Daktronics, or will you be licensing this more broadly than that? Hans Feil: Most likely through Daktronics. Probably the first smaller smaller display here in the region, we will install ourselves because that's more convenient, it's nearby, et cetera. But once this becomes bigger and more mature, it's our goal, our business plan that we will be creating the panels and Daktronics will make displays with those panels and sell them worldwide. And as you scale up maybe the existing manufacturer in Taiwan who right now might be a contract manufacturer doing small lots, you would figure it out from there what kind of manufacturing capacity you'd need? Hans Feil: Yeah. So for now that they have enough capacity, there should be no problem. We are open for talks, the whole consortium of URT, Daktronics and ourselves, if there are any other major display company who says, okay, I also want to adopt electro wetting displays, because we always believe if we want to make this successful, we should not really keep it all for ourselves. And there's lots of money to be made,-without a lot of grief-in licensing. Hans Feil: Yeah, we're open to do anything that's reasonable. But there are many in fact, maybe all the major display companies that at some point of time tried making electro wetting displays and did R&D but they found it very difficult and stopped with it. We have our own technology, what we call second generation technology with different approach and we solved all those problems that were there with the first generation electro wetting displays. It has taken some time, but it's worked quite well now. I'm looking forward to seeing it at some point, somewhere. I hope I don't have to go to South Dakota in the middle of the winter, but you never know. Hans Feil: Well, you could also come here, but I'm not sure if you are in Europe anytime soon. Yeah, well, Eindhoven has a better football team than Brookings South Dakota, so that would be a better trip for me. Anyway, thank you very much for spending some time with me. Hans Feil: Yeah, I'm very glad that I got opportunity from you to talk about this. And I hope you can watch our display anytime soon, either here or in the US somewhere. Seeing is believing, in fact, and reflective is just different. Yeah. I completely buy into the idea that it's one of those things that it's interesting to read and to hear about in a podcast, but to walk up and see it is where you're gonna close the deal. Hans Feil: Yeah, exactly. All right, thanks again. Hans Feil: Thank you very much, and hope to see you soon.
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