Podcasts about scfa

EPISODE SUMMARYWelcome back to the Wellfuel Podcast with your host, Isabel Smith! In this episode, we're diving into the fascinating world of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)—the powerful compounds that support gut health, metabolism, and even brain function.Isabel breaks down what SCFAs are, why they're essential for overall health, and how you can naturally increase them through diet and lifestyle. Whether you're new to gut health or a seasoned wellness enthusiast, this episode is packed with actionable insights.Don't miss this insightful episode—tune in now and share it with a friend! Be sure to follow the Wellfuel Podcast for more expert health tips.EPISODE HIGHLIGHTSWhy SCFAs Matter – Their role in gut, metabolic, immune, and brain healthTypes of SCFAs – Acetate, propionate, and butyrate, and how they functionGut Lining & Nutrient Absorption – How SCFAs support digestion and reduce inflammationBoosting SCFA Production – The best foods and supplements to enhance SCFA levelsIsabel's Insights – Personal takeaways on how SCFAs impact overall well-beingCHAPTER MARKERS00:00 Welcome to the Wellfuel Podcast00:33 Introduction to Short-Chain Fatty Acids02:12 The Importance of Gut Health03:46 Should You Take Butyrate?04:06 SCFAs and Metabolism05:30 Impact on the Immune System06:40 The Gut-Brain Connection10:38 How to Increase SCFAs NaturallyHELPFUL DEFINITIONSShort Chain Fatty AcidsAcetate – Produced by gut bacteria during fiber fermentation, supporting gut health, metabolism, and energy balance.Propionate – Helps regulate appetite, control blood sugar, and reduce inflammation.Butyrate – Fuels colon cells, supports digestion, and plays a key role in overall gut health.Forms of ButyrateButyric Acid – A naturally occurring SCFA found in animal fats and plant oils.Tributyrin – A butyrate source that supports digestion and immune function.Related TermsPostbiotics – Beneficial compounds produced by gut bacteria, even after they're no longer alive.T-Cells – White blood cells that play a critical role in immune defense.Vagus Nerve – A key nerve in the parasympathetic nervous system, affecting digestion, heart rate, and immune response.Cytokines – Proteins that regulate immune responses and inflammation.BDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) – A protein essential for brain health, learning, and memory.Sources: The Cleveland Clinic, National Library of Medicine, Vocabulary.comLEARN MOREThe WellFuel Podcast explores gut health, detox, hormones, mold, and more—hosted by Isabel Smith, MS, RD, CDN. Join Isabel as she shares her insights and chats with experts from across the wellness spectrum, to help support you on the path to health and wellness.Learn more about Isabel Smith Nutrition: Visit Our WebsiteCONNECT & BOOK A CALLFollow along on social media:YouTube: @isabelsmithnutritionInstagram: @isabelsmithnutritionPinterest: @isabelsmithnutritionWant to learn more about how Isabel Smith Nutrition can help support you on your journey to better health? ⁠Book a call with us today: Schedule Here

Story at-a-glance Butyrate is a crucial short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) that fuels colon cells, supports gut barrier function, and promotes a balanced microbiome. Colon cells rely on butyrate for up to 80% of their energy needs, helping maintain normal gut function and a healthy intestinal lining Your gut bacteria produce butyrate by fermenting fiber from whole foods such as fruits, vegetables, legumes and whole grains Butyrate supports gut barrier integrity by regulating tight-junction proteins and contributing to mucus production, which protects the colon wall Diet and lifestyle significantly impact butyrate production — a high-fiber diet, exercise, hydration, sleep and avoiding processed fats all support SCFA production Common misconceptions about butyrate include the idea that fiber supplements alone suffice — whole foods provide a wider variety of fiber, nutrients and benefits. If gut health is compromised, gradual fiber introduction is key — eliminating gut-damaging factors first allows for better microbial balance and butyrate production

Story at-a-glance A study in the journal Nutrients examined how juicing affects gut and oral microbiomes, finding that removing fiber significantly decreases beneficial microbial diversity and increases inflammation-linked bacteria Participants who consumed whole foods with higher fiber showed increased beneficial microbes that protect gut lining and reduce inflammation, while the juice-only group experienced negative microbial changes within three weeks Removing fiber through juicing disrupts SCFA (short-chain fatty acid) production and weakens gut barrier integrity, which can lead to leaky gut syndrome where harmful substances enter the bloodstream The oral microbiome is particularly susceptible to rapid changes from juicing, as the sudden increase in simple sugars without fiber's buffering effects promotes harmful bacterial growth Instead of juicing, consider eating whole fruits and vegetables, blending produce to retain fiber, adding pulp to juices and gradually increasing fiber intake to support your gut microbiome

In this episode, we detail the bidirectional relationship between the HPA axis and the intestinal barrier, illustrating how HPA axis dysfunction and cortisol dysregulation can impact intestinal permeability. We further discuss how intestinal dysbiosis can contribute to HPA axis overstimulation. Lastly, we detail some of the roles of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and secretory IgA (sIgA) in this bidirectional relationship.Topics: 1. Overview of the HPA Axis and Gut Bidirectional Relationship- Chronic HPA activation, intestinal permeability, mucosalimmunity, and microbiome composition.   2. Components and Function of the HPA Axis- Hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal glands.  - Stress signals from the amygdala and prefrontal cortex, CRH release from the hypothalamus.  - CRH stimulates ACTH release from the pituitary.- Cortisol production and release. 3. Structure of the Intestinal Epithelial Barrier- The gut barrier consists of the intestinal lumen, microbiome, mucus layer, epithelial cells, and lamina propria.  - Specialized epithelial cells: goblet cells, enterocytes, enteroendocrine cells, and more.- The lamina propria contains immune cells, blood vessels, and lymphatics, supported by a smooth muscle layer.   4. Intestinal Permeability and Tight Junction Regulation- Transport across the intestinal epithelium: transcellular and paracellular pathways.  - Nutrient absorption and selective permeability.  - Tight junction proteins, such as occludin and claudins.   5. Cortisol's Impact on Gut Barrier Integrity- Cortisol can cross the intestinal microvascular endothelium and enter the lamina propria. - Chronic cortisol exposure and intestinal barrier function.- Increased permeability allows luminal antigens and bacterial endotoxins (e.g., LPS) to infiltrate the lamina propria.   6. Secretory IgA (sIgA) and Gut Immune Function  - Chronic cortisol exposure can reduce sIgA levels, weakening mucosal immunity.  - sIgA neutralizes pathogens, prevents microbial adhesion, and more.  - Lower sIgA levels increase susceptibility to dysbiosis and infections.   7. CRH and Its Role in Intestinal Permeability- CRH is produced in the hypothalamus and also peripherally.- CRH can stimulate mast cells, triggering histamine and inflammatory mediator release.  - Mast cell activation can increase gut permeability. 8. Microbiome's Influence on HPA Axis Regulation- Dysbiosis can disrupt HPA axis function.- IBS and sustained HPA activation.- Dysbiosis reduces SCFA production.  - SCFAs, particularly butyrate, support colonocyte health, tight junction integrity, and anti-inflammatory pathways.  - Inflammation and HPA axis dysfunction. 9. Root Cause Approach & Closing- Chronic cortisol exposure, CRH signaling, and gut barrier dysfunction.  - The microbiome influences stress response and HPA axis activity.  - Roles of SCFAs, sIgA, and tight junction proteins.- Addressing gut dysbiosis and GI-derived inflammation can support HPA axis regulation.  - Root cause approach.Thank you to our episode sponsors:1. Shop ⁠⁠⁠Fresh Press Farms⁠⁠⁠'Peach Cider Vinegar at Sprouts locations nationwide, and check out their full collection ⁠⁠⁠here⁠⁠⁠. 2. Shop the ⁠⁠Scalp Cleanser⁠⁠ and ⁠⁠Scalp Essence⁠⁠ from ⁠⁠T Stem Care. ⁠⁠3. Shop ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Ulyana Organics'⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Tallow Wild Yam Cream⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠, and use code ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠CHLOE10⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ 10% off your order.Get Chloe's Book Today! "⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠75 Gut-Healing Strategies & Biohacks⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠" Follow Chloe on Instagram ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@synthesisofwellness⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Visit ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠synthesisofwellness.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠

This episode explores three top topics from episodes in 2024: the mucus layer's protective role in maintaining gut barrier integrity, the bidirectional relationship between the microbiota-gut-brain axis and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and the importance of methylation and the MTHFR gene. During the first topic of discussion, we detail ways to support the intestinal mucus layer; as we approach the third topic of discussion, we highlight the impact of MTHFR enzyme activity on methylation, emphasizing its importance for many cellular processes. Topics: 1. Introduction: 3 Top Topics of 2024 2. The Protective Mucus Layer Over the Intestinal Epithelial Lining The intestinal barrier: intestinal lumen, microbiome, mucus layer, epithelial cells, lamina propria, and more. The mucus layer functions as both a physical and biochemical barrier. Goblet cells secrete mucins, which form the gel-like mucus layer, critical for maintaining barrier integrity. Dysregulation of mucus turnover can lead to increased intestinal permeability and inflammation. Supporting mucus levels: SCFAs, N-acetylglucosamine (NAG). Plant-derived mucilage and sources. 3. HPA Axis and Microbiota-Gut-Brain Interactions The HPA axis and the stress response. Microbiota-gut-brain axis. SCFAs produced by gut bacteria can influence gut barrier integrity and stress resilience. Dysbiosis disrupts SCFA production, weakens the gut barrier, and triggers inflammation. Dysbiosis and HPA axis dysregulation. Chronic cortisol secretion and secretory IgA. 4. The MTHFR Gene and Methylation Methylation involves transferring methyl groups. The synthesis of SAMe, the universal methyl donor: methionine and ATP with active folate (L-methylfolate) as a precursor. MTHFR gene polymorphisms reduce enzyme efficiency, impairing methylation and affecting DNA stability, neurotransmitter synthesis, and detoxification. Strategies, supplements, and more to support methylation. Thank you to our episode sponsor: 1. Check out ⁠Ulyana Organics'⁠ ⁠Tallow Wild Yam Cream⁠ and ⁠Healing Facial Oil⁠, and use code ⁠CHLOE10⁠ 10% off your order. Thanks for tuning in! Get Chloe's Book Today! "⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠75 Gut-Healing Strategies & Biohacks⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠" Follow Chloe on Instagram ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@synthesisofwellness⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Follow Chloe on TikTok @chloe_c_porter Visit ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠synthesisofwellness.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ to purchase products, subscribe to our mailing list, and more! --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/chloe-porter6/support

In this episode, we dive into the interplay between the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis, highlighting their bidirectional communication through endocrine, immune, and neural pathways. We'll explore how gut-derived metabolites like short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and endotoxins like LPS influence HPA axis activity; conversely, we explore how dysregulated cortisol can impact gut barrier function, immune signaling, and more. We also discuss testing including stool analysis and DUTCH tests. Topics: 1. HPA Axis and MGB Axis Interaction The HPA axis and microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis are bidirectionally connected. Gut microbiota influences the HPA axis via metabolites and more 2. Overview of the HPA Axis and Cortisol Secretion Stress signals activate the hypothalamus to release CRH. Stimulates the anterior pituitary to produce ACTH. ACTH signals the adrenal cortex. The adrenal cortex releases cortisol, which binds to glucocorticoid receptors (GRs). 3. Cortisol Dysregulation Impact on Intestinal Health Intestinal lining anatomy: epithelial cells Tight junction proteins regulate nutrient trafficking and prevent pathogen entry. The mucosa contains epithelial cells, connective tissue (lamina propria), and a thin muscle layer. 4. Glucocorticoid Receptors (GRs) in the Gut GRs are intracellular receptors that modulate gene expression when activated. Cortisol binding causes GRs to translocate to the nucleus and bind DNA at GREs. GRs on epithelial cells. Modified tight junction protein expression. 5. Gut Microbiome's Role in HPA Axis Activity SCFAs, including acetate, propionate, and butyrate, produced by gut bacteria fermenting dietary fiber. SCFAs support gut integrity, reduce inflammation, and act as signaling molecules. A diverse and healthy microbiome can enhances HPA regulation via SCFAs. 6. SCFA Modulation of the HPA Axis SCFAs and cortisol. Research highlights SCFAs' ability to attenuate stress-induced cortisol increases. 7. Dysbiosis - Impact on the HPA Axis Dysbiosis reduces SCFA production, impairing gut barrier integrity and immune signaling. Dysbiosis, intestinal hyperpermeability and LPS. LPS activates inflammatory pathways. 8. Inflammation and Dysregulated HPA Activity Chronic inflammation and cortisol. Inflammatory signals from the gut exacerbate systemic and neural stress responses. 9. Symptoms of HPA Axis Dysfunction Chronic fatigue, disrupted sleep, mood disturbances... 10. Identifying Root Causes Dysbiosis, chonic infection / chronic inflammation... DUTCH Test Stool analysis Thanks for tuning in! "⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠75 Gut-Healing Strategies & Biohacks⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠" Follow Chloe on Instagram ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@synthesisofwellness⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Follow Chloe on TikTok @chloe_c_porter Visit ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠synthesisofwellness.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/chloe-porter6/support

In this episode, we examine the bidirectional relationship between intestinal health and immune aging, emphasizing how gut barrier dysfunction and microbial imbalances accelerate systemic inflammation and diminished immune function. Furthermore, we explore the effects of aging on intestinal barrier function, focusing on the decline in tight junction integrity, reduced mucus production, and impaired epithelial renewal, all of which contribute to increased gut permeability and chronic inflammation. Thus, restoring microbial diversity, supporting mucosal defenses, and addressing gut permeability are essential strategies to break this cycle and promote healthy aging. Topics: 1. Introduction: Immune Aging - Immune aging: a decline in immune function, increasing vulnerability to infections and chronic diseases. - The intestinal microbiome influences and is shaped by immune aging. - Microbial metabolites, epithelial integrity, and immune signaling are critical. 2. Anatomical Context of the Gut and Immune Cells - Gut layers: lumen, mucus, epithelium, lamina propria, and more. - The mucus layer protects the epithelium; function can become impaired with age. - Tight junctions prevent pathogen entry, while the lamina propria houses immune cells. 3. Mucus Layer and Goblet Cells: Role and Aging Effects - Goblet cells secrete mucins that form the protective mucus layer. - Aging can reduce mucin production, weakening the mucus barrier. - A thin mucus layer increases epithelial exposure and inflammation risk. 4. Microbial Interactions with the Mucus Layer - Commensal bacteria support mucus turnover by controlled mucin degradation. - Dysbiosis can disrupt this process, thinning the mucus layer. - Reduced mucus protection increases susceptibility to pathogens. 5. Effects of Immune Aging on the Intestinal Barrier - Aging effects on T cells, B cells, and inflammatory cytokine secretion. - Cytokines disrupt tight junctions and increase permeability. - Microbial products like LPS (endotoxin) cross the barrier, fueling chronic inflammation. 6. Dysbiosis and Its Role in Immune Aging - Dysbiosis reduces SCFA production and Treg activity. - Dysbiosis promotes chronic inflammation and accelerates immune aging. 7. Microbial Translocation and Systemic Effects - A weakened barrier allows microbial products to reach immune cells. - LPS triggers inflammatory signaling, amplifying systemic inflammation. - Chronic inflammation perpetuates gut dysfunction and immune aging. 8. Conclusion - Immune aging and intestinal health are interconnected in a feedback loop. - Aging weakens the gut barrier, while dysbiosis amplifies inflammation. - Restoring microbial balance and gut integrity is vital for healthy aging. Thanks for tuning in! "⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠75 Gut-Healing Strategies & Biohacks⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠" Follow Chloe on Instagram ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@synthesisofwellness⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Follow Chloe on TikTok @chloe_c_porter Visit ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠synthesisofwellness.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/chloe-porter6/support

Khawla Al Nuaimi from the Supreme Council for Family Affairs joins us on the show to discuss their participation at the book fair. Under the SCFA umbrella, the pavilion includes the Family Development Department and Branches, the Cultural Office, the Health Promotion Department and its societies, and the Child Safety Department (CSD). Together, the entities will host more than 50 awareness sessions covering multiple topics including the promotion of reading and knowledge among families, strengthening family ties, improving health, and protecting children's safety.

Send us a textIn this episode of The Autoimmune RESET podcast, host VJ Hamilton dives deep into the fascinating connection between gut health and skin health, known as the skin-gut axis. Exploring how the gut microbiome, gut barrier integrity, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) impact skin conditions, this episode offers listeners a comprehensive understanding of how internal health manifests externally.You will learn about the role of the gut barrier and how its dysfunction can lead to bacterial translocation and inflammation, triggering skin issues like acne, eczema, and rosacea. The episode also highlights the role of SCFAs, essential compounds produced by gut bacteria, that reduce inflammation and support skin resilience. Additionally, VJ covers how poor fat digestion and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) can exacerbate skin problems and accelerate ageing.Practical steps are provided to strengthen gut health, including dietary changes to boost SCFA production, improve fat digestion, and repair the gut barrier. This episode is packed with actionable insights to help listeners achieve glowing, resilient skin by addressing gut health from within.Follow me on Tik Tok here for daily posts on skin health.You can download your free copy of The Autoimmune RESET here.And you can access all of VJ's free resources here.If you would like to book a free initial consultation with VJ Hamilton, The Autoimmunity Nutritionist, to find out how nutritional therapy and functional medicine could improve your health, you can book an appointment here.Learn more about the functional medicine services at The Autoimmunity Nutritionist Clinic here.Thanks for listening! You can join The Autoimmune Forum on Facebook or find me on Instagram @theautoimmunitynutritionist.

In this episode, we explore serotonin synthesis within enterochromaffin (EC) cells in the gut, detailing how tryptophan is converted into serotonin through enzymatic processes. We examine the role of gut microbiota-derived metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), in modulating the synthesis of serotonin including impacting tryptophan hydroxylase activity. We explore serotonin's interactions with receptors on enteric neurons and vagal afferent fibers, analyzing how these signaling pathways influence gut motility. Finally, we uncover conditions and symptoms associated with low serotonin production and the importance of the intestinal microbiome. Topics: 1. Introduction to Gut-Produced Serotonin - Serotonin production within the gut. - Serotonin's role beyond mood. - Synthesis, causes of low serotonin, related GI symptoms. 2. Gut Lining Structure and Cell Types - Layers of the gut lining, focusing on the mucosa. - Description of epithelial cells, including enterocytes, goblet cells, Paneth cells, and enteroendocrine cells. - Role of enterochromaffin (EC) cells in serotonin production. 3. Serotonin Synthesis in EC Cells - Location and function of EC cells. - How EC cells synthesize serotonin from tryptophan. 4. Biochemical Pathway of Serotonin Production - Step-by-step process: conversion of tryptophan to serotonin. - Enzymes involved, including TPH1 and AADC. - Importance of tryptophan availability in serotonin synthesis. 5. Storage and Release of Serotonin in EC Cells - Role of VMAT1 in serotonin storage within vesicles. - Controlled release. 6. Triggers for Serotonin Release - Physical triggers: mechanical stretch, pressure from food intake. - Chemical triggers: microbial metabolites, bile acids. - Receptors involved (GPCRs, TGR5) and signaling pathways. 7. Release of Serotonin into Intestinal Lining Layers - Serotonin exocytosis and interaction with nearby cells. - Release of serotonin on both luminal and basolateral sides of EC cells. - How luminal and basolateral release affects gut motility and barrier function. 8. Serotonin's Role in Gut Motility - Interaction with 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptors on enterocytes and enteric neurons. - Activation of the enteric nervous system (ENS) in the submucosal and myenteric plexuses. - Coordination with pacemaker cells for peristaltic movement. 9. Immune Function and Serotonin in the Gut - Effect on immune cells. 10. Gut-Brain Communication via Serotonin and the Vagus Nerve - Activation of vagal afferent fibers by serotonin. 11. Contributing Factors to Low Serotonin Production - Impact of dysbiosis and reduced SCFA production. - SIBO specifically. - Intestinal inflammation in general. - Imbalanced microbiota and inflammation can disrupt EC cell function. 12. Manifestations of Low Serotonin in the Gut - Effects on motility: constipation, dysmotility... - Common GI symptoms, including bloating, discomfort, and fullness. - Association with conditions like IBS. 13. Supporting Serotonin Production in the Gut - Painting a full picture and identifying root causes. - Strategies to foster a healthy gut microbiome. - Role of sunlight and tryptophan-rich foods in serotonin production. - Stool testing for microbiome imbalances. Thanks for tuning in! "⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠75 Gut-Healing Strategies & Biohacks⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠" Follow Chloe on Instagram ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@synthesisofwellness⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Follow Chloe on TikTok @chloe_c_porter Visit ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠synthesisofwellness.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/chloe-porter6/support

If you want to learn more about SCFAs, I've linked to some episodes in the show notes. But now let's look at probiotic foods and how they can raise SCFA. Probiotic foods are cultured and fermented foods which have live beneficial bacteria in them. When we eat these foods, we ingest this bacteria, which then become part of our gut microbiome and improve our levels of beneficial bacteria. Many of these beneficial bacterial strains directly increase SCFA levels, but some of them indirectly support SCFA production by creating an environment that helps other SCFA producing bacteria to thrive, or by feeding specific bacteria that in turn, produce SCFAs. This is known as cross-feeding. So, which probiotic foods might be helpful for us in particular? Read more. Show notes SCFA resources https://www.theendobellycoach.com/podcast/endometriosis-short-chain-fatty-acids https://www.theendobellycoach.com/podcast/endometriosis-butyrate https://www.theendobellycoach.com/podcast/endometriosis-propionate-acetate https://www.theendobellycoach.com/podcast/endometriosis-ibs-psyllium-husk https://www.theendobellycoach.com/podcast/phgg-endo-belly-sibo-ibs Probiotic research https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10180739/ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/5647158_Short_chain_fatty_acids_and_colonic_health https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S175646461630175 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0717345820300282 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/272339114_Enhancement_of_Short_Chain_Fatty_Acid_Production_from_Millet_Fibres_by_Pure_Cultures_of_Probiotic_Fermentation https://apjcn.nhri.org.tw/server/apjcn/5/1/15.pdf https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0047212 https://aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0115426506021004351 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7230973/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11034488/ https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/8/2890 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002916523065000 Fermented food examples https://zoe.com/learn/top-fermented-foods Inflammation and fermented foods study https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(21)00754-6 Mast cells and endo https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9396281/ https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0015028206014373 https://www.emjreviews.com/reproductive-health/article/targeting-mast-cells-as-a-viable-therapeutic-option-in-endometriosis/ Soy https://www.larabriden.com/how-soy-affects-hormones/ Free resources: This podcast!  Endometriosis Net Column Endometriosis News Column Newsletter Instagram Email me: hello@theendobellycoach.com Ways to work with me: This EndoLife, It Starts with Breakfast digital cookbook Masterclasses in endo nutrition, surgery prep and recovery and pain relief Live and Thrive with Endo: The Foundations DIY course One to one coaching info and application This episode is sponsored by BeYou Cramp Relief Patches. Soothe period cramps the natural way with these 100% natural and discreet menthol and eucalyptus oil stick on patches. Click here to find out more and to shop: https://beyouonline.co.uk/pages/how-it-works Produced by Chris Robson

Last week we talked about certain fruits, vegetables, beans and lentils that can boost the short chain fatty acids called propionate and acetate. Alongside butyrate, which you can increase with resistant starch rich foods such as cold oats, green bananas and cooked and cooled potatoes and rice, these guys help to lower inflammation, heal gut issues and may even protect against endo progression. To learn more about the benefits of short chain fatty acids for endo, listen to episodes 312, 311 and 310. Today, I wanted to give you another option if you feel like a lot of the foods I listed last week just aren't doable for you because of your bloating and IBS symptoms, or if you eat a lot of these foods already, but still suffer with gut problems and endo problems, and would like to take some extra steps to further boost these beneficial short chain fatty acids. Today, we're talking about psyllium husk, and the benefits of this bad boy are many. Read more. Show notes Blood sugar https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26561625/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11155034/ Constipation https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30219432/ SCFA production https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6358997/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3735932/ Dosing https://www.jandonline.org/article/S2212-2672(17)30225-3/fulltext Fibre types and psyllium husk https://www.monashfodmap.com/blog/fibre-supplements-ibs/ https://www.monashfodmap.com/blog/research-update-dietary-fibre-era-microbiome-science/ https://www.monashfodmap.com/blog/research-update-dietary-fibres-ibs/ Endo and Short Chain Fatty Acids https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cellular-and-infection-microbiology/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2024.1373004/full Free resources: This podcast!  Endometriosis Net Column Endometriosis News Column Newsletter Instagram Ways to work with me: This EndoLife, It Starts with Breakfast digital cookbook Masterclasses in endo nutrition, surgery prep and recovery and pain relief Live and Thrive with Endo: The Foundations DIY course One to one coaching info and application This episode is sponsored by BeYou Cramp Relief Patches. Soothe period cramps the natural way with these 100% natural and discreet menthol and eucalyptus oil stick on patches. Click here to find out more and to shop: https://beyouonline.co.uk/pages/how-it-works Produced by Chris Robson

In this episode, we dive into how short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), particularly butyrate, and tryptophan metabolites support the gut-immune axis by promoting regulatory T cell differentiation, strengthening the intestinal barrier, and enhancing antimicrobial defenses through IL-22 signaling. We break down how butyrate can improve immune tolerance as well as epithelial integrity, aiding in the prevention of chronic inflammatory responses. We also detail practical ways to support butyrate levels and aid in strengthening both the epithelial barrier and gut-immune axis. Topics: 1. Introduction - Overview of the role of SCFAs and tryptophan metabolites in supporting the gut-immune axis. - Quick review of the location of immune cells in relation to the gut microbiota. 2. The Intestinal Barrier - Structure of the intestinal wall and layers - Focus on the mucosal layer, specifically epithelium and lamina propria. 3. The Lamina Propria - Structural elements: fibroblasts, extracellular matrix (ECM), and myofibroblasts. - Vascular components: endothelial cells, capillaries, and lymphatic vessels. - Importance of the lamina propria as a hub for immune responses. 4. Immune Cells in the Lamina Propria - T cells: Role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in immune modulation. - B cells: Production of IgA, class switching, and plasma cells. - Dendritic cells: Sampling luminal antigens and initiating immune responses. - Macrophages: Phagocytic activity, pro-inflammatory (M1) vs. anti-inflammatory (M2) states. - Mast cells: Role in allergic responses, chronic inflammatory conditions, and MCAS. 5. Short-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs) - Production of SCFAs (acetate, propionate, butyrate) by gut microbiota. - Butyrate's role in supporting regulatory T cell (Treg) differentiation and immune tolerance. -Butyrate as fuel for epithelial cells and the production of tight junction proteins. 6. Mechanisms of Butyrate in Immune Modulation - Impact on Tregs through FoxP3 expression. - SCFA's role in maintaining immune balance. 7. Butyrate and Epithelial Integrity - Support for tight junction protein expression. - Prevention of translocation of harmful microbes and antigens. - Reduced systemic inflammation through a strengthened barrier. 8. Supporting Butyrate Production - Sodium butyrate supplementation and microbiome optimization. - Role of fiber, polyphenols, and probiotics. 9. Tryptophan Metabolites - Overview of tryptophan metabolism by gut bacteria into indoles. - Indoles' role in promoting IL-22 production, contributing to antimicrobial defense and immune tolerance. 10. IL-22 - IL-22's enhancement of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and mucin production. - Case Study: Role of Lactobacillus strains in restoring IL-22 and helping to mitigate colitis. 11. Conclusion - Recap of how SCFAs and tryptophan metabolites interact with the gut-immune axis. - Importance of gut microbiome support for maintaining immune balance. Thank you to our episode sponsor: 1. Check out ⁠⁠⁠⁠Daily Nouri⁠⁠⁠⁠ and use code ⁠⁠⁠⁠CHLOE20⁠⁠⁠⁠ for 20% off your order. Thanks for tuning in! Get Chloe's Book Today! "⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠75 Gut-Healing Strategies & Biohacks⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠" Follow Chloe on Instagram ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠@synthesisofwellness⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Follow Chloe on TikTok @chloe_c_porter Visit ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠synthesisofwellness.com⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ to purchase products, subscribe to our mailing list, and more! --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/chloe-porter6/support

The longevity research world is exploding right now, it's so exciting and the technology is advancing in leaps and bounds and we are able now to discover faster than ever before thanks to AI and co to test more molecules that can impact human health than ever before in the history of mankind. What would have taken years now takes weeks or months. In this episode I talk to Michael Antonelli CEO and founder of Healthgevity. Michael is a master formulator who has spent decades in the anti-ageing and longevity space learning at the feet of many masters and who is at the forefront of working with companies at the cutting edge in peptide and bioactive ingredient development. All his formulations are science backed with clinical research and I was excited to learn about something of these novel molecules Introduction to Healthgevity and its CEO, Michael Antonelli Overview of Healthgevity's approach: merging clinical research, AI, and medical expertise Exploring the importance of longevity in today's society Michael Antonelli's journey and motivation behind founding Healthgevity The role of cutting-edge science in developing longevity supplements How Healthgevity collaborates with clinical practitioners and doctors Deep dive into Healthgevity's science-backed formulations Examples of specific ingredients and their benefits in promoting longevity The impact of AI in optimizing formulations and personalizing supplementation Addressing common misconceptions about longevity supplements Future prospects and advancements in the longevity industry   BIO   Throughout a career spanning over 17 years, Michael passionately devoted himself to pioneering methods aimed at enhancing longevity, optimizing healthspan, and elevating overall quality of life. His focus revolves around collaborating with leading healthcare professionals, researchers, and other likeminded healthcare leaders to create natural solutions that elevate patient outcomes. Michael utilizes his past experiences that integrates a diverse range of therapies and services, spanning from precision diagnostics to practice management strategies, hormone optimization, nutritional supplements, and leveraging peptides. Previous roles included Chief Innovation Officer, Executive Director, and Business Development for leading companies within the healthcare industry before founding Healthgevity. His expertise extends beyond conventional approaches, emphasizing holistic well-being and personalized care as essential components to any successful medical practice. By championing novel methodologies and innovative technologies, Michal facilitates transformative changes within the healthcare landscape, fostering advancements that positively impact both practitioners and the individuals they serve.  Michael continues to remain dedicated to the pursuit of innovative strategies that enhance health and vitality while reshaping the paradigms of healthcare.   Some of the products mentioned in this podcast:   CARDIO NAD+ Vascular health and aging are the most important health care problem in the world today. Healthy aging requires healthy arteries and a healthy heart. Cardio NAD+ is a state-of-the-art solution which uses the most novel ingredients available to help optimize cardiovascular health. As one of the most important systems in your body, we have designed this combination to be synergistic to the many different areas of cardiovascular health while demonstrating cardioprotective effects including the emerging connection between NAD+ and heart health. Featured Supportive Benefits: Improves net NAD+ status by supporting both its synthesis and limiting its degradation Supports healthy blood pressure Improves vascular aging and endothelial function Supports healthy fibrinolytic activity and clotting function Promotes healthy circulation and blood flow Inhibits platelet & red blood cell aggregation Decreases blood viscosity Supports clinical measures of inflammation Supports healthy blood sugar and insulin levels Inhibits lipid peroxidation Supports healthy lipid metabolism Demonstrated reduction in various independent cardiovascular risk factors   Resolve+ Resolve+ contains numerous compounds that have been found to reduce the inflammatory response by targeting a variety of mechanisms.  Acmella oleracea ("jambu") is sourced from Sardinia, Italy and rich in alkylamides mainly represented by spilanthol. Its flowers are widely used in folk medicine to treat toothache due to tingling, numbness, and local anesthesia caused in the mouth.  Acmella oleracea has been shown to be active in fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibition the enzyme responsible for the degradation of fatty acid amides and cannabinoid type 2 (CB2) activation.  There are almost 100 studies suggesting the supportive potential for anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and analgesic effects of Acmella. Studies reported in this review confirmed activities of Acmella, postulating that transcription factors of the nuclear factor-κB family (NF-κB) trigger the transcription iNOS and COX-2 and several other pro-inflammatory mediators, such as IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound derived from turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), has been well documented to exhibit various health benefits. There have been many claims on the health benefits of curcumin on neurological, cardiovascular, lung, metabolic, and liver function, mainly through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Despite its promising potential, the clinical application of curcumin has been limited due to its low bioavailability. To enhance curcumin absorption, we are the first to feature Theracurmin Super® 85X, a proprietary curcumin utilizing the latest technology that transforms standard curcumin into an amorphous structure. Theracurmin Super® 85X uses the latest technology to transform regular curcumin particles into a more bioavailable structure. This is done by splitting curcumin particles' crystal structure amorphous, therefore, making it easily absorbed and bioavailable to maximize its supportive potential. Tetrahydrocurcumin (4-HC) is the key bioactive derivative of curcumin, it's also given credibility as the engine behind all that curcumin brings to the table. With a newfound ability to extract and isolate the compound, research has even seen tetrahydrocurcumin outperform its parent compound in several tests of its capabilities. Researchers have also confirmed that 4-HC attenuated pro-inflammatory indicators like interleukin-1, interleukin-6, TNF-⍺, and prostaglandin E2.  After reviewing the data, we found many advantages to infuse tetrahydrocurcumin as CurcuPrime® stacked with Theracurmin Super® 85X into Resolve+. Quercetin is a well-known studied dietary flavonoid ubiquitously present in various vegetables. Quercetin is known for its antioxidant activity in radical scavenging and anti-allergic properties characterized by stimulation of immune system, antiviral activity, inhibition of histamine release, decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines, leukotrienes creation, and suppresses interleukin IL-4 production.  Multiple studies have confirmed its supportive potential as an immune modulator and its ability to support a healthy inflammatory response. It can improve the Th1/Th2 balance, and restrain antigen specific IgE antibody formation However, chemical instability, poor water solubility and low bioavailability of quercetin greatly limit its applications which is why a phytosome technology which we feature in resolve is the preferred delivery system to overcome these limitations.  This enhanced form of quercetin has been shown to be as much as 20 times better absorbed than other quercetin options.  Casperome®  boswellia phytosome is a potent extract made from the resin of Boswellia serrata trees and is also referred as Indian frankincense. Boswellia extracts have been demonstrated to be effective in the management of various inflammatory response functions including those that occur in the bowel, joints, bones, respiratory airways and in the brain. The mechanism of action that involves the modulation of the natural inflammatory response both acting on prostanoid synthesis (mPGE2S) and protein degradation (caspases), and transcription factors (Nf-κB).  We have selected Casperome® which is a highly standardized in boswellic acids to match the natural composition of boswellia, formulated with phytosome technology to achieve optimized absorption and has been validated by over 10 human studies. Perilla frutescens is an annual herb belonging to the mint family (Lamiaceae). It is mainly produced in countries like China, Japan, India, Thailand and Korea. Recently, Perilla is gaining more attention because of its medicinal benefits and phytochemical contents. The functional compounds of Perilla Seed Extract are flavonoid Aglycons – polyphenols such as Luteolin, Apigenin, Chrysoeriol, and Rosemarinic Acid. Studies have shown that Perilla seed polyphenols regulate allergic and inflammatory response due to its 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity and suppression potential of histamine release from mast cells. AstraGin® is a natural compound derived from the roots of two traditional Chinese herbs: Panax notoginseng and Astragalus membranaceous which contain astragaloside I, II, IV and ginsenoside Rb1. AstraGin® has been shown to provide full-spectrum gut support through enhanced absorption, microbiota and immune cell viability, and supporting a health. AstraGin® has been shown in numerous studies to increase the absorption of peptides, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and phytonutrients by up regulating the absorption specific mRNA and transporters, such as SGLT1, CAT1, and GLUT4. Additionally, AstraGin® was shown to reduce intestinal inflammatory biomarker MPO, the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-17, and IL-1β in ulcerative colitis patients. Prime Gut Health Prime Gut Health was created because the digestive system is the foundation of getting and staying healthy. There are many benefits to an optimal digestive system such as a healthy immune system and the protection against harmful viruses, bacteria, fungi, and yeast. The ingredients selected in Prime Gut Health work together to help restore gut homeostasis and GI barrier function.    There are many benefits to taking Prime Gut Health, including:  Supports healthy GI barrier function*   Helps restore gut homeostasis* Binds and neutralizes bacterial toxins in the gut*  Promotes a healthy immune system and respiratory health* Supports digestive health and gut discomfort*  Increased nutrient absorption*  Supports gut inflammation especially within the intestinal wall*  Promotes a healthier GI environment* Promoted regularity and healthy bowel function*    WHAT MAKES PRIME GUT HEALTH SO IMPACTFUL? ImmunoLin® is the branded ingredient serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate (SBI) with over 40 human studies demonstrating its clinical efficacy in digestive and immune health.   SBI has been shown to be a broad-spectrum modulator of the immune system by targeting excessive or imbalanced immunity.* In addition, ImmunoLin® works by binding, neutralizing, and removing pathogenic bacteria, viruses, and other gut irritants that can lead to inflammation.* It also helps to repair the gut lining and restore gut homeostasis.*   Tributyrin (as CoreBiome®) is a postbiotic and the most important short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) for supporting digestive, gut, immune and gastrointestinal health. CoreBiome® is a unique butyrate formula intended to pass intact through the stomach and small intestine to deliver butyrate right where it's needed—the colon.  CoreBiome® supports: Delivery of butyrate to the colon where it helps maintain the integrity of your intestinal lining* Helps repair the gut lining and restore gut homeostasis*  Tight junctures in the intestinal lining*  Regularity and regulation of a normal inflammatory response* Sporebiotics:  Soil-based probiotics have been touted for their stability, ability to improve digestion, stimulate the immune system, and help maintain a healthy gut microbiota. Bacillus coagulans SNZ 1969®, Bacillus subtilis SNZ 1972 and Bacillus clausii SNZ 1971 are supported with an over 50 year history of use and over 30 human studies covering gut health, gastrointestinal discomfort, immunity against GI tract pathogens, inhibition of food borne pathogens, inhibition of bacteria causing dental carries and gingivitis along with bacterial vaginosis. AstraGin® is a 100% natural compound derived from the roots of two traditional Chinese herbs: Panax notoginseng and Astragalus membranaceous,  containing astragaloside I, II, IV and ginsenoside Rb1. AstraGin® enhances nutrient absorption by up-regulating nutrient transporters, such as CAT1, SGLT1, and FR. AstraGin® restores gut wall integrity by triggering an anti-inflammatory response and activating the mTOR pathway for rapid intestinal stem cell migration and differentiation in the inflamed intestinal mucosal barrier (epithelial cell and tight junction). AstraGin® promotes gut ecosystem homeostasis by the symbiotic effect of restoring gut wall integrity and increasing microbiota-immunity communication.  AstraGin® activates the immune system through the symbiotic effect of improved gut wall integrity and enhanced microbiota-immunity communication. AstraGin® demonstrated in a recent published human clinical trial, to improve upon a number of measurable factors relating to gut health making it an ideal addition into Prime Gut Health.  PrimeTime  Prime Time is a comprehensive blend of 12 key natural ingredients shown to have a role in supporting age management powered by industry leading 10mg's of spermidine per serving.  Prime Time has been formulated with ingredients to mimic fasting and catalyze your body's natural ability to rid itself of aged cells.  Various publications demonstrate the potential this formula will have in your longevity protocols as Prime Time was formulated to support:   Epigenetic aging*  Boosting autophagy and promote cellular renewal*  Fasting* Memory, cognition, and brain health* Cardiovascular health* Beauty from within* Mitochondria*  WHAT MAKES PRIME TIME SO IMPACTFUL? Spermidine Spermidine, a natural polyamine, plays a critical role in molecular and cellular interactions involved in various physiological and functional processes. Spermidine has been shown to modulate aging, suppress the occurrence and severity of age-related diseases, and prolong lifespan.  The concentration of spermidine declines with age, and exogenous spermidine supplementation reverses age- associated adverse changes and supports health span. Given that it interacts with various molecules, spermidine influences aging through diverse mechanisms.  Autophagy is the body's way of cleaning out damaged cells, to regenerate newer, healthier cells and is the main mechanism of spermidine. In addition, spermidine exerts its effects through other mechanisms, including anti-inflammation, histone acetylation reduction, lipid metabolism and regulation of cell growth and signaling pathways. Nicotinamide mononucleotide  Nicotinamide mononucleotide, a naturally occurring molecule present in all species.  NMN is rapidly absorbed and converted to NAD+, which evidence shows declines as we age.  In numerous studies, supplementation has increased NAD+ biosynthesis, suppressed age-related adipose tissue inflammation, enhanced insulin secretion and insulin action, improved mitochondrial function, and improves neuronal function in the brain among much more. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG)  Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is the major catechin in green tea.  There is consistency in the literature about the beneficial role of green tea on senescence-related mechanisms, thanks to its scavenging properties against reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and its ability to stimulate autophagy  Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) Alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) is a molecule involved in several metabolic and cellular pathways that declines with age. It works as an energy donor, a precursor in amino acid production, and a cellular signaling molecule, and it is a regulator of epigenetic processes.  Dihydroquercetin (Taxifolin)  Dihydroquercetin is a powerful antioxidant of plant origin that can protect cells from the harmful effects of free radicals and protect cell membranes against damage Apigenin Apigenin is a natural bioactive plant polyphenol with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immune system boosting properties.  It also helps to support against oxidative stress for better cellular function. Studies have shown that apigenin prevents excessive loss of NAD+ by reducing the amount of circulating CD38, allowing NAD+ stores to remain at higher, more youthful levels. Luteolin Luteolin is a flavonoid naturally found in plants. Flavonoids like luteolin have been found to have beneficial effects on human health by reducing oxidative stress.   Trimethylglycine (TMG) Trimethylglycine (TMG) is an amino acid derivative that occurs in plants and has been shown to support methylation which, in turn, supports the homocysteine levels. Taking TMG along with NMN provides the ideal balance for NAD+ production in the body.  Resveratrol  Resveratrol is part of a group of compounds called polyphenols, which act as antioxidants to protect the body against age-related conditions.The anti-aging mechanisms of resveratrol are mainly modulating oxidative stress, relieving inflammatory reaction, improving mitochondrial function, and regulating apoptosis. Resveratrol is considered for the prevention and support of aging and age-related diseases as it mimics the effects of calorie restriction.  Pterostilbene Pterostilbene is a phenolic compound in the same family as resveratrol and is present in small amounts in a large variety of foods and beverages like blueberries or red wine. Multiple studies confirm pterostilbene's remarkable anti-aging effects. Cell and animal studies have shown that pterostilbene can extend the lifespan of various animal models of human longevity by regulating three major pathways linked to longevity: mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and sirtuins Bergamot Bergamot (Citrus bergamia) is a type of citrus fruit native to Italy. It has been shown that bergamot juice exerts antioxidant, cardioprotective properties and antisenescence effects.  AstraGin®  AstraGin® is a natural compound derived from the roots of two traditional Chinese herbs: Panax notoginseng and Astragalus membranaceous. AstraGin® increases the absorption of peptides, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and phytonutrients by up-regulating absorption-specific m RNA and transporters such as SGLT1, CAT1, and GLUT4. Check out all the healthgevity products in our shop.    Personalised Health Optimisation Consulting with Lisa Tamati Lisa offers solution focused coaching sessions to help you find the right answers to your challenges. Topics Lisa can help with:  Lisa is a Genetics Practitioner, Health Optimisation Coach, High Performance and Mindset Coach. She is a qualified Ph360 Epigenetics coach and a clinician with The DNA Company and has done years of research into brain rehabilitation, neurodegenerative diseases and biohacking. She has extensive knowledge on such therapies as hyperbaric oxygen,  intravenous vitamin C, sports performance, functional genomics, Thyroid, Hormones, Cancer and much more. She can assist with all functional medicine testing. Testing Options Comprehensive Thyroid testing DUTCH Hormone testing Adrenal Testing Organic Acid Testing Microbiome Testing Cell Blueprint Testing Epigenetics Testing DNA testing Basic Blood Test analysis Heavy Metals  Nutristat Omega 3 to 6 status and more  Lisa and her functional medicine colleagues in the practice can help you navigate the confusing world of health and medicine . She can also advise on the latest research and where to get help if mainstream medicine hasn't got the answers you are searching for whatever the  challenge you are facing from cancer to gut issues, from depression and anxiety, weight loss issues, from head injuries to burn out to hormone optimisation to the latest in longevity science. Book your consultation with Lisa    Join our Patron program and support the show Pushing the Limits' has been free to air for over 8 years. Providing leading edge information to anyone who needs it. But we need help on our mission.  Please join our patron community and get exclusive member benefits (more to roll out later this year) and support this educational platform for the price of a coffee or two You can join by going to  Lisa's Patron Community Or if you just want to support Lisa with a "coffee" go to  https://www.buymeacoffee.com/LisaT to donate $3   Lisa's Anti-Aging and Longevity Supplements  Lisa has spent years curating a very specialized range of exclusive longevity, health optimizing supplements from leading scientists, researchers and companies all around the world.  This is an unprecedented collection. The stuff Lisa wanted for her family but couldn't get in NZ that's what it's in her range. Lisa is constantly researching and interviewing the top scientists and researchers in the world to get you the best cutting edge supplements to optimize your life.   Subscribe to our popular Youtube channel  with over 600 videos, millions of views, a number of full length documentaries, and much more. You don't want to miss out on all the great content on our Lisa's youtube channel. Youtube   Order Lisa's Books Lisa has published 5 books: Running Hot, Running to Extremes, Relentless, What your oncologist isn't telling you and her latest "Thriving on the Edge"  Check them all out at  https://shop.lisatamati.com/collections/books   Perfect Amino Supplement by Dr David Minkoff Introducing PerfectAmino PerfectAmino is an amino acid supplement that is 99% utilized by the body to make protein. PerfectAmino is 3-6x the protein of other sources with almost no calories. 100% vegan and non-GMO. The coated PerfectAmino tablets are a slightly different shape and have a natural, non-GMO, certified organic vegan coating on them so they will glide down your throat easily. Fully absorbed within 20-30 minutes! No other form of protein comes close to PerfectAminos Listen to the episode with Dr Minkoff here:    Use code "tamati" at checkout to get a 10% discount on any of their devices.   Red Light Therapy: Lisa is a huge fan of Red Light Therapy and runs a Hyperbaric and Red Light Therapy clinic. If you are wanting to get the best products try Flexbeam: A wearable Red Light Device https://recharge.health/product/flexbeam-aff/?ref=A9svb6YLz79r38   Or Try Vielights' advanced Photobiomodulation Devices Vielight brain photobiomodulation devices combine electrical engineering and neuroscience. To find out more about photobiomodulation, current studies underway and already completed and for the devices mentioned in this video go to www.vielight.com and use code “tamati” to get 10% off     Enjoyed This Podcast? If you did, subscribe and share it with your friends! If you enjoyed tuning in, then leave us a review and share this with your family and friends. Have any questions? You can contact my team through email (support@lisatamati.com) or find me on Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube. For more episode updates, visit my website. You may also tune in on Apple Podcasts.  To pushing the limits, Lisa and team

Ever wondered why so many suffer from common abdominal diseases such as fatty liver, gallstones, pancreas issues, coronary artery sclerosis, and kidney stones? Learn what is not in any Harvard medical textbook, and what most doctors don't know about abdominal diseases. Join us as we learn practical insights and no-nonsense wellness strategies from Peter Rogers, MD. You will learn about diverticulosis, diverticulitis, rectal hemorrhoids, varicose veins, gallstones in gallbladder, appendicitis, abdominal aortic aneurysm, coronary artery disease, fatty liver, fatty pancreas, diabetes, kidney stones, lumbar spine scoliosis, inguinal hernia, varicocele, leaky gut, butyrate, SCFA, LPS, LTA. Click here to watch!

Welcome back to our weekend Cabral HouseCall shows! This is where we answer our community's wellness, weight loss, and anti-aging questions to help people get back on track! Check out today's questions:    Jenny: Hi Dr. Cabral - Thank you and your wonderful team for all that you do to help our community. It truly is amazing and I never miss a podcast. To celebrate your 2000th episode, your wife joined you and shared some of her favorite skin care products and it was so great to get her perspective in addition to yours. Any chance she can make a reappearance and give us an update since, like you, she may have new favorites and other recommendations of what has worked best for her? Thank you!   Anonymous: Hi Dr Cabral - I recently had foot surgery that resulted in a small metal (titanium) plate that is now permanent. Are there any risks or precautions I should be aware of or protocols that you would recommend? Thank you for all that you do!   Rocco: Hi Dr Cabral, love your work and especially your chocolate DNS! I recently did the Big 5 labs (not all through Equilife as i am from Australia, and the costs unfortunately increase significantly due to shipping and taxes). I did my stool test through a naturopath in Australia, and one of the key findings was "very low PH" level. do you know why this would be and what i can do about it? The consistency of my stool sample was soft, elastase low; and butyrate and total SCFA were both high. The naturopath spoke to me about the reasons of my findings, but didn't seem to cover much off on my low ph. Should i be doing something to change this? Most of the other labs i did showed symptoms of high stress, so not sure if this has contributed to the very low ph in my stool sample. Thank you!   Amina: Why do I have very bad breath and I can't smell my own breath. When I was younger I always had bad breath. I brush, floss and even tongue scrap. Iv tryed everything. what can it be?   Lara: Hi, dr. C! I'm wondering about cornstarch and other starches in products.. we mostly find things with those starches in them in gluten free products.. even in CREAM OF TARTAR based baking powder.. oh, is cream of tartar (potassium bitartrate or potassium hydrogen tartrate) ok to use instead of other baking powders? Why is it so bad to consume cornstarch? Why is tapioca starch bad? And why potato starch? Is it only because they're probably GMO in USA? Because that is probably not the same for Europe, right? Here we're supposed to have better regulations when it comes to corn.. I think, heh.. It would be helpful to know how to explain this in length to friends and family here.. Thank you for all your help, you're absolutely amazing!     Thank you for tuning into today's Cabral HouseCall and be sure to check back tomorrow where we answer more of our community's questions!    - - - Show Notes and Resources: StephenCabral.com/3004 - - - Get a FREE Copy of Dr. Cabral's Book: The Rain Barrel Effect - - - Join the Community & Get Your Questions Answered: CabralSupportGroup.com - - - Dr. Cabral's Most Popular At-Home Lab Tests: > Complete Minerals & Metals Test (Test for mineral imbalances & heavy metal toxicity) - - - > Complete Candida, Metabolic & Vitamins Test (Test for 75 biomarkers including yeast & bacterial gut overgrowth, as well as vitamin levels) - - - > Complete Stress, Mood & Metabolism Test (Discover your complete thyroid, adrenal, hormone, vitamin D & insulin levels) - - - > Complete Food Sensitivity Test (Find out your hidden food sensitivities) - - - > Complete Omega-3 & Inflammation Test (Discover your levels of inflammation related to your omega-6 to omega-3 levels) - - - Get Your Question Answered On An Upcoming HouseCall: StephenCabral.com/askcabral - - - Would You Take 30 Seconds To Rate & Review The Cabral Concept? The best way to help me spread our mission of true natural health is to pass on the good word, and I read and appreciate every review!  

Garrett Campbell was hired full-time as an assistant coach in 2016. He officially became the FC head football coach in 2019. Coach Campbell is no stranger to Fullerton College as his father, Dick Campbell, was on the Hornet coaching staff for 15 seasons during the Hal Sherbeck years. As a young boy, Garrett served as Fullerton's ball boy and then later grew to become a quarterback and wide receiver for the Hornets from 1995-96. In 2022, Campbell led the Hornets all the way to the SCFA championship game along with winnng the program's 27th conference title going 5-0 and 9-1 overall. The Hornets finished 3rd overall the state's final 3C2A rankings. Coach Campbell wrapped up the 2023 season with another conference title going an undefeated 7-0 in the SCFA Southern conference with a 10-1 overall record. Fullerton ranked No. 1 at the end of the season by the November 13th JCAB poll. Born and raised in southern California Campbell, earned his bachelor's degree at nearby California State Fullerton in 1998. He then went on to earn his master's degree at Northern State University in 2002. Campbell got his start in coaching at Fullerton College in 1998 and has since coached at Northern State, Willamette University, Menlo College and Carthage College and Illinois College. Prior to joining the Hornet coaching staff, Campbell was the head coach of the Illinois College football team for eight seasons. He posted an overall record of 51-30 and led the 2011 Blueboys to their first-ever appearance in the NCAA Division III football playoffs. Campbell has coached 75 all-conference selections and 209 academic all-conference selections, while guiding an offense that has consistently ranked among the best in NCAA Division III. From 2011 to 2013, Campbell's offense was ranked #8 out of 241 teams. In 2014 and 2015 they were ranked #9 and #10. In 2014, Campbell was voted the Midwest Conference Southern Division Coach of the Year leading the Blueboys to the 2014 MWC Southern Division Title. He also led them to four consecutive winning seasons, a first since the 1934-1937 seasons. --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/matt-brown57/support

Garrett Campbell was hired full-time as an assistant coach in 2016. He officially became the FC head football coach in 2019. Coach Campbell is no stranger to Fullerton College as his father, Dick Campbell, was on the Hornet coaching staff for 15 seasons during the Hal Sherbeck years. As a young boy, Garrett served as Fullerton's ball boy and then later grew to become a quarterback and wide receiver for the Hornets from 1995-96. In 2022, Campbell led the Hornets all the way to the SCFA championship game along with winnng the program's 27th conference title going 5-0 and 9-1 overall. The Hornets finished 3rd overall the state's final 3C2A rankings. Coach Campbell wrapped up the 2023 season with another conference title going an undefeated 7-0 in the SCFA Southern conference with a 10-1 overall record. Fullerton ranked No. 1 at the end of the season by the November 13th JCAB poll. Born and raised in southern California Campbell, earned his bachelor's degree at nearby California State Fullerton in 1998. He then went on to earn his master's degree at Northern State University in 2002. Campbell got his start in coaching at Fullerton College in 1998 and has since coached at Northern State, Willamette University, Menlo College and Carthage College and Illinois College. Prior to joining the Hornet coaching staff, Campbell was the head coach of the Illinois College football team for eight seasons. He posted an overall record of 51-30 and led the 2011 Blueboys to their first-ever appearance in the NCAA Division III football playoffs. Campbell has coached 75 all-conference selections and 209 academic all-conference selections, while guiding an offense that has consistently ranked among the best in NCAA Division III. From 2011 to 2013, Campbell's offense was ranked #8 out of 241 teams. In 2014 and 2015 they were ranked #9 and #10. In 2014, Campbell was voted the Midwest Conference Southern Division Coach of the Year leading the Blueboys to the 2014 MWC Southern Division Title. He also led them to four consecutive winning seasons, a first since the 1934-1937 seasons. --- Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/matt-brown57/support

Today I'm excited to welcome Mira Dessy, The Ingredient Guru.A holistic nutrition professional, author, and popular public speaker, she knows that it's not just what you eat, but what's in what you eat. Her work focuses on helping people find bio-individual solutions for chronic health issues and creating pantry preparedness through her online community The Kitchen Table.Mira is a member of the National Association of Nutrition Professionals, the Society for Nutrition Education and Behavior, the American Nutrition Association, and the American Association of Drugless Practitioners. Additionally, she is on the Board of Directors for the American Holistic Health Association and is a member of the Professional Advisory Board for the Turner Syndrome Society.In this episode we'll be talking about allulose, the hot new sweetener on the market that's being used in numerous keto and low sugar products. Allulose is getting lots of press and is even being promoted by well respected doctors and nutrition experts. But is it actually good for us? Mira uncovers the truth behind this ingredient and the detrimental effects it can have on our health and metabolism.Where to find Mira:https://theingredientguru.com/https://www.instagram.com/theingredientguru/https://www.facebook.com/theingredientguruTake Mira's First Aid Preparedness Seminar!Because the best time to prepare for an emergency is before there is one.https://thekitchentable.thinkific.com/courses/TKT-first-aid-preparedness-seminarStudies mentioned:From Mira: I'd like to point out that studies claiming a certain amount is "safe" usually fail to take into account the fact that no one is keeping track of how much you're eating. If you're getting something in a number of different products throughout the day it's easy to go far past the tolerable amount.This one has a positive slant for allulose however I'd like to point out that they specifically mention that it alters the microbiome - https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32013116/ - Fecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production analysis revealed that ALL induced elevated total SCFA production compared to the other groups. Also, ALL supplement induced the change in the microbial communityhttps://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/british-journal-of-nutrition/article/allulose-in-human-diet-the-knowns-and-the-unknowns/74020152A1262DF4D7942A4DB54B6E37- in vitro studies have shown that certain bacteria such as Klebsiella pneumonia are able to utilise allulose as a substrate. This finding has been a subject of concern, since Klebsiella pneumoniae represents an opportunistic human pathogen.https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6315886/pdf/nutrients-10-02010.pdf- A correlation analysis of the GI tolerance test for D-allulose and sugar revealed significantly higher...

The Secrets of Managing Food Sensitivities with Better Oral Tolerance Delving Deep into the Gut's Role in Food Sensitivities and Overall Health In this episode of "The Hashimoto's Doctor Podcast", we're diving deep into the fascinating world of oral tolerance and its pivotal role in managing food sensitivities. We'll explore the intricate dance between our gut, the foods we consume, and the immune responses they trigger. Our exploration will lead us through the science of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the unsung heroes of our gut, and their profound impact on our body's ability to tolerate diverse foods. We'll also shed light on the gut-brain connection, revealing how our gut health can influence everything from mood to cognitive function. As we unravel these complexities, we'll be guided by the principles of functional medicine, emphasizing a holistic approach to health. We'll discuss the importance of nurturing our gut microbiome, the potential benefits of SCFA supplements, and the significance of understanding individual body responses. Join us on this enlightening journey as we uncover the secrets of oral tolerance and its implications for managing food sensitivities. Whether you're battling food sensitivities, curious about the wonders of the gut, or simply aiming to optimize your health, this episode is packed with insights you won't want to miss. Please note that the information provided in this episode is for educational purposes only. Always consult with your doctor or healthcare professional before making any changes to your diet, lifestyle, or treatment plan Facebook: The Office of Dr. Brad Shook, DC Support Group: Greater Hickory Thyroid Support Group | Facebook Instagram: Brad Shook, DC | Functional Medicine Practitioner (@drbradshook) | Instagram Youtube: Dr. Brad Shook | The Hashimoto's Doctor - YouTube Twitter: Brad Shook, DC (@shookdc) / Twitter More: About Dr. Shook | Best Resources Telemedicine: Application for Care - The Office of Dr. Brad Shook, DC (drbradshook.com)

Welcome to another episode of the Empowered Nutrition podcast! We are so thrilled to have you here. As we bask in the warmth of summer, we're bringing you a series of quick and casual episodes to match those chill summer vibes. So, if you're listening to this as it comes out, get ready for a dose of valuable knowledge while you soak up the sun! Before we dive into today's  topic, I want to take a moment to express our heartfelt gratitude. We don't usually ask for it, but your support means the world to us. If you love this podcast as much as we love creating it, please consider leaving a positive review wherever you listen to podcasts. Your feedback helps us spread the message of empowerment and good health to even more listeners! Now, let's unveil the mystery behind a pressing concern: allergies and their unexpected link to gut health. Yes, you heard that right! Allergies are becoming increasingly common, affecting around 10% of adults. But why is this happening, and what can we do about it? Stay tuned as we explore the fascinating world of epidemiology and its connection to your gut health. Prepare to be amazed at the intricate dance between your microbiome and those pesky allergies! So, whether you're lounging at the beach or taking a leisurely stroll, grab your earbuds, and let's embark on this eye-opening journey together! Are you ready to discover the hidden connection between allergies and gut health? Let's dive in!

Dr Glenn McConell chats with Dr Edward Chambers from Imperial College London who is an expert on the gut microbiota, exercise and metabolism. He has shown that some fibre can be fermented to short chain fatty acids (SCFA) by gut microbiota which can influence skeletal muscle metabolism. In addition, these SCFA can affect appetite. He has also shown that exercise and/or carbohydrate ingestion reduces appetite. Important message, eat the recommended amount of fibre. Very interesting work and a fun chat.0:00. Introduction2:21. What is the gut microbiota and why important?4:02. 1.5-2kg of body weight is bacteria throughout one's gut7:02. CHO in mouth effects brain activity /exercise performance12:34. Meals vs glucose/insulin infusions for muscle glucose uptake14:20. Is all ingested CHO absorbed or partly fermented?16:07. Some fibre fermented to short chain fatty acids (SCFA) by gut microbiota21:35. What kinds of fibre are fermentable22:15. Diet and antibiotics affect your gut bacteria25:06. Establishing a healthy gut microbiome early if life27:44. Effects of the SCFA produced by gut microbiota33:22. SCFA and appetite hormones34:15. Antibiotics/SCFA and endurance capacity34:30. Translation of rodent studies to humans38:45. Effects of acetate on muscle glycogen and fat oxidation41:58. How quickly can diet affect gut microbiota?43:29. Probiotics, microbiota, exercise and upper airway infections46:17. Need sufficient fibre to ferment49:00. Athletes concerned with gas/bloating from high fibre intakes51:20. Lean vs obese people and gut microbiota52:25. CHO ingestion with and without exercise and appetite. GLP-11:00:45. Lactate, exercise and appetite1:02:00. Succinate from muscle and gut microbiota and appetite1:02:59. Exercise plus GLP-1 agonists for weight loss1:04:00. Variability in the effects of exercise on appetite/weight loss1:07:42. Yo Yo effects of exercise and diet on weight loss1:09:47. CHO and gut microbiota during the Tour de France1:12:40. Gut microbiota and mental health1:14:52. Are all gut microbiota good for us? /fatty liver1:17:20. High fibre intake associated with higher muscle mass and strength1:21:30. Aging and gut microbiota, need to keep eating fibre1:24:35. Exercise training changes the gut microbiota1:28:25. Sex differences in the gut microbiota1:31:28. Diet with and without exercise and gut microbiota1:33:05. Takeaway messages1:35:16. Outro (9 seconds)Inside Exercise brings to you the who's who of research in exercise metabolism, exercise physiology and exercise's effects on health. With scientific rigor, these researchers discuss popular exercise topics while providing practical strategies for all.The interviewer, Emeritus Professor Glenn McConell, has an international research profile following 30 years of Exercise Metabolism research experience while at The University of Melbourne, Ball State University, Monash University, the University of Copenhagen and Victoria University.He has published over 120 peer reviewed journal articles and recently edited an Exercise Metabolism eBook written by world experts on 17 different topics (https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-94305-9).Connect with Inside Exercise and Glenn McConell at:Twitter: @Inside_exercise and @GlennMcConell1Instagram: insideexerciseFacebook: Glenn McConellLinkedIn: Glenn McConell https://www.linkedin.com/in/glenn-mcconell-83475460ResearchGate: Glenn McConellEmail: glenn.mcconell@gmail.comSubscribe to Inside exercise:Spotify: shorturl.at/tyGHLApple Podcasts: shorturl.at/oFQRUYouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@insideexerciseAnchor: https://anchor.fm/insideexerciseGoogle Podcasts: shorturl.at/bfhHIAnchor: https://anchor.fm/insideexercisePodcast Addict: https://podcastaddict.com/podcast/4025218Not medical advice

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.04.19.536389v1?rss=1 Authors: Garcia, M.-I., Dinsart, G., Leprovots, M., Lefort, A., Libert, F., Quesnel, Y., Veiten, A., Vassart, G., Huysseune, S., Parmentier, M. Abstract: The gastrointestinal epithelium constitutes a chemosensory system for microbiota-derived metabolites such as Short Chain Fatty Acids (SCFA). In this study, we investigated spatial distribution of Olfr78, one of the SCFA receptors, in the mouse intestine and studied the transcriptome of colon enteroendocrine cells expressing Olfr78. The receptor is principally detected in the enterochromaffin and L subtypes in the proximal and distal colon, respectively. Using the Olfr78-GFP and VilCre/Olfr78flox transgenic mouse lines, we reveal that loss of epithelial Olfr78 results in impaired enterochromaffin cell differentiation, blocking cells in an undefined secretory lineage state. This is accompanied by dysbiosis, characterized by an increased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio, as well as a less efficient antioxidant system in colon crypts. Using organoid cultures, we further show that maintenance of enterochromaffin cells involves activation of the Olfr78 receptor via the SCFA ligand acetate. Altogether, this work provides evidence that Olfr78 contributes to colon homeostasis by regulating enterochromaffin cell differentiation. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Sinus problems are rampant. Americans spend over $1 Billion annually to treat sinus problems with over-the-counter medications, which is crazy. It's not just common in the chronic illness world and in the autoimmune world, and ESPECIALLY in the mold world, it's common in everyone. Sinus inflammation is interesting. I have had really great success healing my own sinuses. I'm not recommending that everyone (or anyone) do what I did, but what I REALLY DID was I spent several years intensely studying deep immunology and the Ear, Nose, and Throat and Allergy literature, read 100s of studies, and used things like high dose supplements and essential oils to have really good success with nasal polyps and chronic sinusitis. I haven't had sinus issues for over 3 years. Here is a video of what I did to get rid of nasal polyps, it's crazy.  When I talk about sinuses, I'm also talking about ENT areas - ear infections, tonsils, sore throats, pharyngitis, which includes things like Strep and PANDAS, but most of my success was with the nose. The whole ENT region is a hotbed of infections and pathogens, and is right across the wall from the brain, and things like antibodies, histamine, chemical toxins, inflammatory cytokines, and mycotoxins from mold can ride the "olfactory elevator" (as Dr. Jill Crista calls it) right up to the brain - right to deep, midline areas like the frontal cortex (brain fog, etc), pituitary (hormones), amygdala (anxiety, fear, etc), hypothalamus (temp, dysautonomia, etc), neurological dysfunctions and more.  Sinus inflammation drives many immune mechanisms, including Th2 and eosinophilic inflammation, mast cell activation and histamine, and Th17 inflammation, which is tissue-damaging autoimmune inflammation and will drive autoimmune progression. THAT IS THE MOST IMPORTANT PIECE OF THE PUZZLE!  One thing that can drive this immune activation are chronic biofilms including Strep, Staph (MARCoNS), and Mold/Yeast that are incredibly persistent and antibiotic resistant. Biofilm colonies, like in the gut, grow on sinuses, adenoids, tonsils (that's why they remove them!) and ENT surfaces - and when they adhere to a surface they are over 1000x harder to kill, and they are highly persistent and antibiotic resistant. THIS IS THE OTHER MOST IMPORTANT PIECE! In this episode I talk about 4 levels of supporting sinus inflammation naturally:1 - Breathe Clean Air!!!! Allergies are obviously an issue....You can't be living in mold....I talk about air purifiers, mold candles, HVAC filters, and more.2 - Fix your Gut and Balance your Immune System - I talk about using things like probiotics, herbal killers, SCFA, vitamins D and A, glutathione, perilla, quercetin, luteolin, etc to support barrier integrity, mast cell activation, Th2 dominance.3 - Break Biofilms and Kill Infections - Nasal Spray, Neti Pot, Nebulizer, Gargle - I talk about using essential oils, iodine, hydrogen peroxide, silver, propolis, aqualaurin, biocidin, etc to break up biofilms and help kill pathogens. 4 - Maintain - I talk about the importance of breathing clean air, doing regular nasal rinses, and more to maintain. This is not medical advice, but many people have seen their ENT with very little answer besides antihistamines, antibiotics, or steroids, so these are just some of the things that people are doing out there, and hopefully it can help you solve YOUR puzzle!I also mention this, my favorite newsletter and started by an amazing ENT surgeon:www.sinusitiswellness.com

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2023.03.22.533834v1?rss=1 Authors: Meckel, K. R., Simpson, S., Godino, A., Peck, E. G., George, O., Calipari, E. S., Hofford, R. S., Kiraly, D. Abstract: Cocaine use disorder represents a public health crisis with no FDA-approved medications for its treatment. A growing body of research has detailed the important connections between the brain and the resident population of bacteria in the gut, the gut microbiome in psychiatric disease models. Acute depletion of gut bacteria results in enhanced reward in a mouse cocaine place preference model, and repletion of bacterially-derived short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolites reverses this effect. However, the role of the gut microbiome and its metabolites in modulating cocaine-seeking behavior after prolonged abstinence is unknown. Given that relapse prevention is the most clinically challenging issue in treating substance use disorders, studies examining the effects of microbiome manipulations in relapse-relevant models are critical. Here, Sprague-Dawley rats received either untreated water or antibiotics to deplete the gut microbiome and its metabolites. Rats were trained to self-administer cocaine and subjected to either within-session threshold testing to evaluate motivation for cocaine or 21 days of abstinence followed by a cue-induced cocaine-seeking task to model relapse behavior. Microbiome depletion did not affect cocaine acquisition on an FR1 schedule. However, microbiome-depleted subjects exhibited significantly enhanced motivation for low dose cocaine on a within-session threshold task. Similarly, microbiome depletion increased cue-induced cocaine-seeking following prolonged abstinence. In the absence of a normal microbiome, repletion of bacterially-derived SCFA metabolites reversed the behavioral and transcriptional changes associated with microbiome depletion. These findings suggest that gut bacteria, via their metabolites, are key regulators of drug-seeking behaviors, positioning the microbiome as a potential translational research target. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info Podcast created by Paper Player, LLC

Fiber supports weight loss Dawn (00:00): Hello and welcome to the Gastric Health Show , my name is Dawn Boxell, and this week we are back to discuss a new topic with fiber support weight loss. So, three ways fiber supports weight loss is what we are going to discuss. And first off, you know,[Read More] The post 3 ways fiber supports your weight loss journey: Episode 073 appeared first on Gastric Health.

Monica Land - She is the niece of civil rights icon Fannie Lou Hamer and has written numerous feature articles about Hamer. She is also an award-winning journalist and has been writing for local and national media outlets for more than twenty-five years. She specializes in investigative and statistical reporting, feature and enterprise articles, general news writing and historical research. Joy Davenport - She is the founder of the Sunflower County Film Academy (SCFA) and director and editor of the film. SCFA is a free summer workshop that teaches high school students the art of filmmaking. They are both the filmmakers behind the award-winning documentary “Fannie Lou Hamer's America” and will join Tavis for a conversation about their film and the legacy of civil rights activist Fannie Lou Hamer

Omega-3 and Omega-6 supplement improves reading for children University of Gothenburg, Sweden - September 14, 2022   Supplement of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids may improve reading skills of mainstream schoolchildren, according to a new study from Sahlgrenska Academy, at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden. Children with attention problems, in particular, may be helped in their reading with the addition of these fatty acids.   The study included 154 schoolchildren from western Sweden in grade 3, between nine and ten years old. The children took a computer-based test (known as the Logos test) that measured their reading skills in a variety of ways, including reading speed, ability to read nonsense words and vocabulary.   The children were randomly assigned to receive either capsules with omega-3 and omega-6, or identical capsules that contained a placebo (palm oil) for 3 months. The children, parents and researchers did not learn until the study was completed which children had received fatty acids and which had received the placebo. After three months, all children received real omega-3/6 capsules for the final three months of the study.   "Even after three months, we could see that the children's reading skills improved with the addition of fatty acids, compared with those who received the placebo. This was particularly evident in the ability to read a nonsense word aloud and pronounce it correctly (phonologic decoding), and the ability to read a series of letters quickly (visual analysis time)," says Mats Johnson, who is chief physician and researcher at the Gillberg Neuropsychiatry Centre at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg.   No children diagnosed with ADHD were included in the study, but with the help of the children's parents, the researchers could identify children who had milder attention problems. These children attained even greater improvements in several tests, including faster reading already after three months of receiving fatty acid supplements.     Mango could help maintain gut bacteria at risk from high-fat diets Oklahoma State University, SEPTEMBER 21, 2022 Mango consumption could help prevent the loss of beneficial gut bacteria caused by a high fat diet, according to research on mice. The findings, published in the Journal of Nutrition , appears to reveal for the first time the positive impact of mango on gut microbiota. In the study, 60 male mice were assigned to one of four dietary treatment groups for 12 weeks - control (with 10% of calories from fat), high fat (with 60% calories from fat), or high fat with 1% or 10% mango. All high-fat diets had similar macronutrient, calcium, phosphorus, and fiber content. “We investigated the effects of freeze-dried mango pulp combined with an high-fat diet on the cecal microbial population and its relation to body composition, lipids, glucose parameters, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, and gut inflammatory markers in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity,” the study reports. The high-fat dietary treatment with 10% mango (equivalent to 1½ cups of fresh mango pieces) was found to be the most effective in preventing the loss of beneficial bacteria from a high-fat diet without decreasing body weight or fat accumulation. Specifically, mango supplementation regulated gut bacteria in favor of Bifidobacteria and Akkermansia and enhanced short-chain fatty acid (SFCA) production. SCFAs have been shown to possess a wide range of beneficial effects, such as anti-inflammatory properties. Yoga improves arthritis symptoms and mood, study finds  Johns Hopkins School of Medicine,  September 15, 2022 A randomized trial of people with two common forms of arthritis has found that yoga can be safe and effective for people with arthritis. Johns Hopkins researchers report that 8 weeks of yoga classes improved the physical and mental wellbeing of people with two common forms of arthritis, knee osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. The study is believed to be the largest randomized trial so far to examine the effect of yoga on physical and psychological health and quality of life among people with arthritis. The study recruited 75 people with either knee osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis. Participants were randomly assigned to either a wait list or eight weeks of twice-weekly yoga classes, plus a weekly practice session at home. Participants' physical and mental wellbeing was assessed before and after the yoga session by researchers who did not know which group the participants had been assigned to. Compared with the control group, those doing yoga reported a 20% improvement in pain, energy levels, mood and physical function, including their ability to complete physical tasks at work and home. Walking speed also improved to a smaller extent, though there was little difference between the groups in tests of balance and upper body strength. Improvements in those who completed yoga was still apparent nine months later.   Stevia Kills Lyme Disease Pathogen Better Than Antibiotics (Preclinical Study) University of New Haven, September 21, 2022 A promising new preclinical study has revealed that whole stevia leaf extract possesses exceptional antibiotic activity against the exceedingly difficult to treat pathogen Borrelia Burgdorferi known to cause Lyme disease. The study found, "Stevia whole leaf extract, as an individual agent, was effective against all known morphological forms of B. burgdorferi." At present, the CDC acknowledges that at least 300,000 are infected with Lyme disease, annually, with the conventional standard of care relying on antibiotics that are not only toxic but increasingly coming under scrutiny for addressing only surface aspects of the infection, often leaving antibiotic-resistance Lyme disease deep within the system to continue to cause harm.  The new study was published in the European Journal of Microbiology & Immunology and conducted by researchers from the Department of Biology and Environmental Science, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT. The researchers directly compared an alcohol extract of a whole stevia leaf product commonly found on the U.S. retail market to conventional antibiotics, and assessed their respective abilities to kill the various forms of Borrelia burgdorferi, including so called "persister" forms. The researchers explored Stevia's potential effectiveness against B. burgdorferi cultures, comparing it to three common antibiotics sometimes used to treat Lyme's disease: doxycycline, cefoperazone, daptomycin, as well as their combination. The study results were summarized as follows:     Our results demonstrated that Stevia had significant effect in eliminating B. burgdorferi spirochetes and persisters. Sub-culture experiments with Stevia and antibiotics treated cells were established for 7 and 14 days yielding, no and 10% viable cells, respectively compared to the above-mentioned antibiotics and antibiotic combination. When Stevia and the three antibiotics were tested against attached biofilms, Stevia significantly reduced B. burgdorferi forms. Results from this study suggest that a natural product such as Stevia leaf extract could be considered as an effective agent against B. burgdorferi." Notably, the study found that the most antibiotic resistant form of B. burgdorferi, the biofilm form, actually increased in mass when individual antibiotics were administered. Stevia, on the other hand, reduced the biofilm mass on both tested surfaces (plastic and collagen) by about 40%.     Green soy extract could prevent cognitive dysfunction: Mouse data University of Shizuoka (Japan), September 19, 2022   Intake of green soybean extract could help reverse cognitive dysfunction and its associated accumulation of beta-amyloid proteins in the brain, say researchers.   The accumulation of beta-amyloid proteins has long been linked to the development of brain stunting conditions including Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia.    Writing in the Journal of Functional Foods, the team revealed that brain functions were ‘significantly better-preserved' in aged mice fed green soybean than age-matched control mice with or without yellow soybean feeding.   An increased expression of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2 synthase (Ptgds) and a significant reduction in the amyloid precursor protein Aplp1 was reported by the team, led by Keiko Unno from the University of Shizuoka in Japan.   “Furthermore, the amount of beta-amyloid 40 and 42 was reduced in the insoluble fraction of cerebral cortex,” the team noted.   In the current study, the isoflavones found to be present in soybean extracts were mostly the glycosides genstin and daidzin. Furthermore, the contents of saponin and carotene in green soybean were found to be slightly higher in the green than in yellow, however the contents of other components were not different between green and yellow soybeans.       JAMA study links low vitamin D levels to ‘profound' and ‘rapid' cognitive decline Rutgers University & University of California Davis, September 15, 2022 Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency may have “substantial” accelerating effects on cognitive decline in the elderly, says a new study from UC Davis and Rutgers University. Low levels of the sunshine vitamin were associated with a three times faster rate of cognitive decline than those with adequate vitamin D levels, according to findings published in JAMA Neurology . The low vitamin D levels were associated with impaired performance, particularly in domains such as memory loss that are associated with Alzheimer's disease and dementia, added the researchers. The researchers said their findings amplify the importance of identifying vitamin D insufficiency among the elderly, particularly high-risk groups such as African-Americans and Hispanics, who are less able to absorb the nutrient from its most plentiful source: sunshine. Among those groups and other darker-skinned individuals, low vitamin D should be considered a risk factor for dementia, they added. Dr Miller and his co-workers analyzed data from 382 racially and ethnically diverse men and women (mean age of 76) in Northern California participating in longitudinal research at the Alzheimer's Disease Center in Sacramento. Of the participants, 41% were white, 30% were African American, 25% were Hispanics, and 4% were from other racial/ethnic groups. The participants were either cognitively normal, or had mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Baseline data showed that 26% of the participants were vitamin D deficient, while 35% were insufficient. Among Caucasians, 54% had low vitamin D, compared with 70% of African-Americans and Hispanics. The rate of cognitive decline was found to be two-to-three times faster in the vitamin D deficient people over five years of study, compared to people with adequate serum vitamin D levels. In other words, it took only two years for the deficient individuals to decline as much as those with adequate vitamin D declined during the five-year follow-up period.

References Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 2014, Vol. 13 Issue 9, p673-691 Redox Biology 2021.Volume 47, November. 102165 --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/dr-daniel-j-guerra/message

News: New prehistoric human unknown to science discovered in Israel | The Jerusalem Post (01:20) A new type of early human previously not known to scientists has been discovered in Israel, Tel Aviv University and Hebrew University researchers announced Thursday, July 14th. They believe this new “Homo” species intermarried with Homo sapiens and was an ancestor of the Neanderthals. The dig site, Nesher Ramla, a few kilometers from the modern-day city, was probably close to a water reservoir where early humans could hunt animals.Filled with many animal bones, stone tools for making fire and butchering Prof. Israel Hershkovitz talked on the dig site:“We know that modern humans – or Homo sapiens – arrived in this area some 200,000 years ago … When we started excavating and examining the different archaeological layers, we found that they dated back between 140,000 and 120,000 years ago, so we expected to find remains of Homo sapiens. We did not realize that another form of human was living alongside them.” The researchers believe that the newly discovered human type, which they named after the site, lived in the region hundreds of thousands of years ago and at least until 130,000 years ago. The findings may radically change what researchers have so far believed about how ancient populations evolved and interacted.Especially how sapiens and Neanderthal, other ancient human types, related to each other. Researchers believe the Nesher Ramla was an ancestor of the Neanderthals and other archaic Asian populations.Thought Neanderthals arrived in what is now Israel 70,000 to 50,000 years ago from Europe, but here they found a human species 130,000 years old. Some features of the remains, like the teeth and the jaws, were more similar to Neanderthal species, while the skulls resembled the Homo type. According to Hershkovitz, Nesher Ramla Homo and Homo sapiens not only coexisted peacefully and exchanged technology, but also produced offspring.“In Europe, the story was very different because when modern humans arrived there around 45,000 years ago, they completely eliminated the local Neanderthals. This did not happen here” In the past, geneticists had already suggested that an unknown population represented the missing link between sapiens and Neanderthal.The Nesher Ramla population could represent the answer.   Prunes can restore bone loss, research finds | Brighter Side News (06:58) New research provides evidence that prunes are a prebiotic food that reverses bone loss in mice.Findings show the ​​carbohydrates and polyphenols in prunes act as prebiotics and help restore bone health. Principal Investigator, Brenda Smith, PhD explains:“Both the carbohydrate component and the polyphenols within the prunes altered the gut microbiota and were associated with positive effects on bone, namely restoring bone. By definition, prebiotics are substrates that alter the composition or activity of the microbiota and confer benefits to the health of the individual” Researchers isolated the polyphenol (PP) compounds as well as the carbohydrates (CHO) from prunes and fed them to two separate groups of estrogen-deficient, female mice with substantial bone loss for 5- and 10-week durations. In the study they had 4 groups of mice with different diets:Receiving the polyphenol (PP) compounds and carbohydrates directly Whole prunes Prune crude extract with both PP and CHO prune components Control (i.e. no prunes or extract) Compared to the mice who did not consume any prune or prune component, those who consumed isolated CHO, isolated PP, prune crude extract, or whole prunes experienced restored bone previously lost. Showed a significant increase in short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production in their guts Favorable changes to their gut microbiota.  Researchers saw increases in SCFAs n-butyrate and propionate, which are thought to be most effective at preventing bone loss by suppressing biomarkers associated with bone breakdown. Smith suggests the findings make a strong case for consuming whole prunes “because you're getting some of the benefit from the carbohydrate in the short term, and the long-term benefit from the polyphenols.”Smith also noted that the vitamins, minerals, and plant compounds in prunes may contribute to the bone and the gut benefits.  This research gets us closer to understanding the unique attributes of prunes while underscoring the importance of eating the fruit in its entirety.    Scientists create a nearly invisible solar cell with up to 79% transparency | Interesting Engineering (11:07) A team of scientists from the Tohoku University in Japan has created a near-invisible solar cell using indium tin oxide (ITO) as a transparent electrode and tungsten disulfide (WS2) as a photoactive layer.Potential to achieve a transparency of 79 percent This type of PV device is known as the Schottky junction solar cell.An interface put between a metal and a semiconductor provides the band required for charge separation.  The suggested device and ideal band structure separate the photogenerated electron-hole pairs by a difference in the work function between one of the electrodes and the semiconductor.  WS2 is a member of the transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) family of materials, which the scientists claim are perfect for near-invisible solar cells due to their acceptable band gaps in the visible light range and greatest absorption coefficient per thickness.  The contact barrier between WS2 and ITO was adjusted by coating various thin metals on top of ITO material and introducing a thin layer of WO3 (Tungsten trioxide) between ITO and the monolayer WS2.Result: the Schottky barrier height increased dramatically. Potential for increasing the efficiency of charge carrier separation in this Schottky-type solar cell. The power conversion efficiency of the solar cell with the optimized electrode (WO3/Mx/ITO) was more than 1,000 times greater than that of a device employing a regular ITO electrode. With the aid of studies like this one, we may eventually develop transparent solar panels, which would have far-reaching ramifications.There are reportedly five to seven billion square meters of glass surfaces in the United States, from phone screens to skyscrapers.    Drug Treatment for Cataracts Might Soon Become a Reality | SciTechDaily (16:11) According to the World Health Organization, cataracts are one of the leading causes of blindness throughout the world. Cataracts account for more than 51 percent of blindness throughout the world. In the United States alone, over 24.4 million people over the age of 40 have been affected by cataracts. A cataract is a clouding of the eye lens that develops over time and compromises the quality of vision. Caused by a disorder of the proteins in the lens that leads to clumps of protein accumulating that scatter light and substantially limit transmission to the retina. Currently, cataracts can only be cured with surgery. However, a groundbreaking new treatment for cataracts has had incredibly positive laboratory test results suggesting that the affliction might soon be able to be treated with drugs. A team of international scientists at Anglia Ruskin University, have been carrying out advanced optical tests on an oxysterol compound that had been proposed as an anti-cataract drug. In laboratory trials, treatment with the oxysterol compound VP1-001 showed an improvement in refractive index profiles – a key optical parameter that is needed to maintain high focusing capacity – in 61% of lenses.Meaning that the protein organization of the lens is being restored, resulting in the lens being better able to focus.  Professor Barbara Pierscionek, lead researcher, stated:“This study has shown the positive effects of a compound that had been proposed as an anti-cataract drug but never before tested on the optics of the lens. It is the first research of this kind in the world.”  She continues mentioning this compound could only affect a certain kind of cataracts:“Improvements occurred in some types of cataracts but not in all indicating that this may be a treatment for specific cataracts. This suggests distinctions may need to be made between cataract types when developing anti-cataract medications. It is a significant step forward towards treating this extremely common condition with drugs rather than surgery.”   Cancer drug triggers remarkable recovery from spinal cord injury in mice | New Atlas (21:08) A drug under investigation as a cancer treatment has shown exciting promise in a rather different branch of medical research, with scientists demonstrating how it can promote nerve repair following spinal injury.  The drug acts on a DNA damage response mechanism and triggers a "remarkable" recovery in mice with injured spinal cords. The DNA Damage Response system, which swings into action in response to DNA damage caused by several common cancers, and also in response to spinal cord injury. Led by scientists at the University of Birmingham, the research focused on an experimental drug called AZD1390. Under investigation as a cancer therapy due its potential to make tumor cells more sensitive to radiation treatment. The authors of the new study hypothesize that the activation of this DNA Damage Response system may slow or prevent recovery from spinal cord injury, by hampering nerve repair.The thinking was that by using AZD1390 to inhibit the ATM signaling pathway, they could clear the way for the growth of new nerve cells. In mice with spinal cord injuries, oral administration of AZD1390 was also shown to significantly suppress the pathway. Further, it promoted nerve regeneration beyond the site of the injury, and enhanced the capacity of these nerves to relay electrical signals Study author Professor Zubair Ahmed, stated:“This is an exciting time in spinal cord injury research with several different investigational drugs being identified as potential therapies for spinal cord injury … We are particularly excited about AZD1390 which can be taken orally and reaches the site of injury in sufficient quantities to promote nerve regeneration and restore lost function. Our findings show a remarkable recovery of sensory and motor functions, and AZD1390-treated animals being indistinguishable from uninjured animals within four weeks of injury." Such a rapid and effective recovery, making injured mice appear much like uninjured mice in 4 weeks, positions AZD1390 as an exciting potential treatment for a condition that has no cure.  Though just an initial study, the fact that it centers on a drug already under investigation may also shorten its path to clinical use.

With diets like keto and carnivore gaining traction, I've had many people ask - what impact do plants specifically have on our microbiome and human health?  Today I interview Dr. Veronique Braesco, Dr. Petra Louis, and Dr. Ian Rowland, researchers that have contributed to the latest scientific update summarizing the impact of plant-based diets on the gut microbiome and published through the Alpro Foundation. The Alpro Foundation has been a scientific platform for over 25 years dedicated to supporting research and the dissemination of evidence-based knowledge on plant-based nutrition and its impact on health and environment amongst academics, healthcare professionals and key stakeholders in nutrition. The ultimate aim is to help drive the transition to more healthful plant-based diets for human and planetary health. Underpinning Alpro Foundation's scientific integrity is an independent Scientific Advisory Board of 8 leading academic experts who provide direction and advice and ensure the scientific credibility of the education tools. Professor Ian Rowland is the chair of this Scientific Advisory Board. Professor Ian Rowland is editor-in-chief of the European Journal of Nutrition. Until his recent retirement, he was the Hugh Sinclair Professor of Human Nutrition at University of Reading. He holds a BSc and PhD in microbiology from University College London. Prof. Rowland's main research area is the role of diet (in particular probiotics, prebiotics, phytoestrogens, and phytochemicals) in the prevention of colon, breast and prostate cancer. In his current research, he is investigating the role of fruit and vegetable intake on markers of cancer risk. In 2005 he was awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of Gent in Belgium for his work on nutrition and cancer. Professor Rowland has published over 300 papers. Petra Louis is a molecular microbiologist with an interest in the human gut microbiome, diet and health. She obtained her Diploma in Biology and PhD in Microbiology from the University of Bonn, Germany, where she conducted research on osmoadaptation in halophilic bacteria. Véronique Braesco holds a PhD in human nutrition. Her academic carrier in Public Research at INRA, as senior scientist, has been focused on vitamins. She then headed the Nutrition Research Department of the Danone Group. In this position, she managed the design and implementation of scientific strategies, in particular in the field of probiotics. She was later responsible for the Human Nutrition Research Centre in Auvergne, dedicated to studying the role of diet in healthy aging. She is now at the head of VAB-nutrition, a consulting firm specialized in human nutrition that she created in 2007. We talk about: What characteristics are associated with better health by way of the gut microbiome Beneficial and deleterious dietary components and their influence on gut microbiome Fibre from supplements versus food - is one ‘better' for the gut microbiome? The role of the food matrix, the various chemical compounds found in food like polyphenols, and the role variety of fibres plays in the gut microbiome composition Polyphenols - where are they found, and what are potential ways in which they influence our health by way of the gut microbiome  What are SCFA's, what their role is in our health, and what influences the production of SCFAs in the gut Microbial metabolites from protein - when do we digest protein, how this occurs, how does it influence health? How fibre impacts microbial metabolite production in our bodies Dietary recommendations we can ultimately take away from the current evidence The most recent Scientific update with the Alpro Foundation is about the 'Interaction of Plant-based diets and gut microbiota'

Breakthroughs in DHA ZINC INULIN & D Study shows people with a high omega-3 DHA level in their blood are at 49% lower risk of Alzheimer's https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/12/2408/htm Zinc found to play an important role in lung fibrosis https://www.jci.org/articles/view/157338 Dietary fibre in the gut may help with skin allergies: Monash study https://www.nature.com/articles/s41385-022-00524-9 Vitamin D may restore the body's natural barrier against ovarian cancer https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0945053X22000397?via%3Dihub #alzheimers #IPF #Ovarian Alzheimer's , Dementia, Memory, DHA, Fibrosis, IPF, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, zinc, zip8, lungs, Docosahexaenoic acid, omega, inulin, skin barrier, dust mites, butyrate, SCFA, Fiber, Vitamin D, Ovarian Cancer, allergic skin inflammation, skin barrier, fermentable, mesothelial cells, zinc transporter 8, peritoneal #alzheimers #IPF #Ovarian #DHA #fibrosis #zinc #inulin #VitaminD #zip8 #omega #cancer #skin #scfa #fiber #fibre #ovarian #allergies #lungs --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/ralph-turchiano/support

Study shows people with a high omega-3 DHA level in their blood are at 49% lower risk of Alzheimer's https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/12/2408/htm Zinc found to play an important role in lung fibrosis https://www.jci.org/articles/view/157338 Dietary fibre in the gut may help with skin allergies: Monash study https://www.nature.com/articles/s41385-022-00524-9 Vitamin D may restore the body's natural barrier against ovarian cancer https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0945053X22000397?via%3Dihub #alzheimers #IPF #Ovarian Alzheimer's , Dementia, Memory, DHA, Fibrosis, IPF, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, zinc, zip8, lungs, Docosahexaenoic acid, omega, inulin, skin barrier, dust mites, butyrate, SCFA, Fiber, Vitamin D, Ovarian Cancer, allergic skin inflammation, skin barrier, fermentable, mesothelial cells, zinc transporter 8, peritoneal #alzheimers #IPF #Ovarian #DHA #fibrosis #zinc #inulin #VitaminD #zip8 #omega #cancer #skin #scfa #fiber #fibre #ovarian #allergies #lungs --- Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/ralph-turchiano/support

In Episode #11 I continued my interview with MarceI van de Wouw, PhD and we discussed the gut-brain connection. We discussed how the complicated pathways from your gut to your brain, whether it's the vagus nerve, intestinal hormones, or otherwise, can influence your mental health, for better or worse. In this conversation we also discussed:- Short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and they communicate to your brain- Vagus nerve pathways from your gut to your brain- The microbiota-gut-brain connection and how stress can negatively impact your microbiome (and vice versa!)- Strategies to improve your gut microbiota with fermented foods and other plant foods- What water kefir is, how  to make it, and how it can positively impact your mental well-beingResources:- University of Calgary Psychobiology Developmental Lab:  https://cumming.ucalgary.ca/labs/developmental-psychobiology/people/current-team- Research on the Gut-Brain Connection: A review on the topic: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27259147/ and a very cool data paper: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32521538/- Marcel's original research on Mental Health and Gut Microbiota: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34654024/- Kefir grains have some really cool properties from a microbiology perspective, where the kefir grain itself is essentially this community of bacteria and yeasts that work together very closely. This teamwork between microorganisms is one of the things that makes kefir unique when it comes to fermented foods: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33398099/- Much research is still needed on fermented foods, such as kefir. Some things that we do know. 1) Not all kefir (grains) are the same, even to the extent that some may have beneficial properties that others don't have (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32423436/). 2) Generally, the effects of kefir in human research indicate beneficial effects for human health: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31487797/ and https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27199969/ and https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27199969/ and  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34822204/- Finally, making your own water kefir is quite easy and cheap. More importantly, many "kefirs" that you find in a store are often made with a generic probiotic bacterial strain, and are therefore very different from "home-made" kefirs. To some extent, this is because a "traditional kefir grain" consists of these various bacteria and yeasts that closely work together (as mentioned 2 points ago). Please note that it does not mean that store-bought kefir-products don't have beneficial effects, it's just different. Plus many store-bought kefir products are milk-based, while you can make water kefir at home.Want to support the show? Help us by subscribing and leaving a review on Apple podcasts or wherever you listen to your podcasts. It only takes a few minutes and helps more people find the episodes.About your host: Dr. Travis Cox - BA, DC, MSc is a Doctor of Chiropractic with a focus on Functional Medicine and plant-based nutrition. He is the creator of PBandHealthy.com and host of the Plant-B

Does farting mean that I'm unhealthy...?NO! Everyone farts! Even the healthiest people.But.... not all farts are equal! You probably had a sense (or smell) of that.Also, some flatulence is associated with excessive bloating, GI cramping, and irregular bowel habits - not very pleasant symptoms that could indicate imbalances in the digestive system.Here in this episode, we intend to distinguish normal, healthy gas from the more pathologic and problematic gas while also giving you some tips, tricks, and guidance for dealing with gas as you keep optimizing your digestive health.If you'd like to join these conversations live, be sure to Subscribe to the Alter Health YouTube Channel! https://www.youtube.com/alterhealthSome highlights from today's MM episode...Gas is the byproduct of fermentation in the gut, a natural part of the digestive processDifferent plant fibers (carbohydrates) fuel the various strains of microbes inhabiting the gut - which in tern give us SCFAs (postbiotics -  acetate, propionate, and butyrate)Microbial breakdown of protein (amino acids) creates a whole bunch of other end products (amines, phenols, indoles, thiols, CO2, H2, and H2S) many of which have toxic propertiesProteins takes longer to digest and can contribute to a slower GI transit time (time it takes for foods to pass from mouth to toilet) - 12-24 hours is healthy, 48-96 hours is “normal”Fiber, hydration, movement, relaxation/peace helps optimize transitA main cause of foul smelling farts is protein putrification which takes place in the context of high protein diets and a slowed transit timeFiber-rich carbohydrate diets diversity the microbiome and lead to enhanced SCFA production which is protective against GI disorders and other chronic diseases.Tips for relieving gas - carminative herbs, digestive bitters, food hygiene...Links to some more good stuff-  Join Alter Health on Locals: https://alterhealth.locals.com/- Cleanse with Us during the next Alter Health Cleanse: https://www.alter.health/cleanse- Work with us in the Thrive on Plants program: https://www.alter.health/thrive-on-plants- ATTN Health Practitioners! Learn more and apply to the Plant Based Mind Body Practitioner Program: https://www.alter.health/pbmb-practitionerPeace and Love.

If there is anything that is true in most people's food consumption, it is that eating more plants that grew in the dirt, is probably going to be an extremely positive thing for the state of their body by reducing inflammation, replacing other toxic foods, and giving your gut bugs something better to digest. Whilst going fully vegan or plant-based might not be your jam this one is certainly a good one to listen to if you want to add more plants into your diet.On This Episode We Cover:The vagueness of an IBS diagnosisHow to avoid a functional nutrition deficiencyThe importance of increasing fibre and protein on a plant-based diet***For MOTHER's join the Busy Mum's Facebook Group here: https://mattylansdown.com/BusyMothersFBgroup For EVERYONE ELSE join the Intermittent Fasting Facebook Group Here: https://mattylansdown.com/IntermittentFastingFBgroup ***--SOCIAL MEDIA--Hope PedrazaWebsite: http://www.hopefulandwholesome.com/Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/thehopepedraza/Facebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/livewholesomeandhealthyPodcast: https://open.spotify.com/show/6dxGjs5CBGg4tGY5i1NjKk?si=646af1d0722b4f0b--MATTY LANSDOWNJoin the Busy Mum's Facebook Group: https://mattylansdown.com/BusyMothersFBgroupInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/mattylansdown/--Thanks for checking out the show. If you enjoyed this episode and want to hear more then please consider subscribing. If you really loved this episode and want to just tell the world about it then please take a screenshot and share it on your Instagram story and be sure to tag me so I know you're tuning in. 5-star ratings and positive reviews really help the podcast too so thank you in advance!......Music credits:Intro/Outro track Tropic Love by "Diviners feat. Contacreast" www.youtube.com/watch?v=DoJfqJsGk8s

LEARNING OUTCOMES:1. Understand which gut conditions may benefit from supplementation with PHGG and why.2. Learn how PHGG compares with other fibres in terms of SCFA production.3. Explore the difference between Sunfiber PHGG and other forms of PHGG available on the market.Related article "The power of partially hydrolysed guar gum": https://bwellness.ontraport.com/tl/1060

Dietary propolis supplementation reduced proinflammatory cytokines associated with air pollution exposure, without impacting on immune cell infiltration or lung function New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research, September 10, 2021 Air pollution is estimated to cause 7 million annual deaths globally. Our aim was to determine if dietary propolis consumption could prevent the immune and functional damage in a mouse model of acute urban dust exposure. Female C57BL/6J mice were challenged three times with intranasal urban dust over seven days which significantly increased proinflammatory cytokines and immune cells in the lung 24 h post final challenge. Dietary New Zealand propolis (2%) with gamma cyclodextrin supplementation reduced urban dust-induced lung TNFα, IL-4, and IL-6 cytokine production; but did not alter immune cell infiltration into the lung, or lung function outcomes. This suggests that daily consumption of 8% propolis with gamma cyclodextrin supplemented food was sufficient to reduce urban dust pollution-induced proinflammatory cytokine production but was not sufficient to prevent immune cell recruitment into the lung or lung function decline in a murine model of lung inflammation. In this study we found that daily consumption of a New Zealand propolis reduced proinflammatory cytokines within the lung in response to acute urban dust exposure but this inhibition was not sufficient to reduce immune cell infiltration or prevent increased airways tissue constriction. These results suggest that dietary supplementation of 8% propolis with gamma cyclodextrin (equivalent to 2% propolis resin) does not result in sufficient bioavailable concentrations of the bioactive polyphenolics to fully overcome urban dust pollution-induced acute immune cell infiltration into the lung. Other studies have shown that acute gavage consumption or intraperitoneal injection of specific propolis bioactive components can protect against a number of different immune challenges within the lung. These effects appear to be both concentration and administration route dependent, and may not be achievable using unenriched propolis as a dietary intervention.   20-Week Study of Clinical Outcomes of Over-the-Counter COVID-19 Prophylaxis and Treatment Comprehensive Pain Management Institute (Ohio), August 6, 2021 New research published in the Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine shows that early intervention against a Wuhan coronavirus (Covid-19) infection using natural, over-the-counter remedies is a safe and effective way to avoid complications. Researchers from Ohio looked at modalities that are readily available for the Chinese Virus, including zinc, zinc ionophores, vitamins C, D3, and E, and l-lysine. These items were categorized in the study as “preventive measures” and “early-stage treatments” that can help to avoid the need for more “advanced” anti-covid measures such as pharmaceutical drugs and vaccines. Each of these tested remedies is natural, by the way, and the results of what they can do are impressive. Once again, nature wins out as our most abundant medicine cabinet, far exceeding anything cooked up in a lab. The clinical study found that this “multi-component OTC (over-the-counter) ‘core formulation' regimen” successfully protected test subjects against getting sick from the Chinese Virus, even as others got sick. “While both groups were moderate in size, the difference between them in outcomes over the 20-week study period was large and stark: Just under 4% of the compliant test group presented flu-like symptoms, but none of the test group was COVID-positive,” the paper reveals. “[W]hereas 20% of the non-compliant control group presented flu-like symptoms, three-quarters of whom (15% overall of the control group) were COVID-positive.” For 20 weeks, test subjects took these natural supplements. Adjustments were made for those with pre-existing health conditions and other health factors that may have influenced the outcome. Since all of the remedies utilized fall into the “low cost” category, anyone can access them. They are all dubbed as “anti-viral” as well, meaning they are safe and effective for use against viruses. By taking advantage of these remedies early, the paper explains, people can help to protect themselves against the types of adverse events that are causing some people to have to be hospitalized and put on a ventilator. “From early March through the end of July 2020, one of us (LM) monitored approximately 600 patients in Columbus and Cleveland, Ohio cities heavily affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, and did consultations with several colleagues (including JL) in the New York City metropolitan area, also heavily hit,” the paper explains. “Over that 5-month period, we dealt with dozens of clinical and/or test-confirmed cases of COVID-19. Much of the monitoring was performed via telemedicine; approximately 20% was performed in-office. It is from in-office monitored patients and staff that the study groups emerged.” We have been covering some of these same remedies along with others that have been scientifically shown to help protect against spike protein-induced illness. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), as one example, is a zinc ionophore that helps to deliver more zinc into cells for improved immune function. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a polyphenol component of green tea, is a natural zinc ionophore that improves zinc absorption. For this latest study, the research team used quina (cinchona) plant bark extract and quercetin as zinc ionophores, as these, too, help to deliver more healing nutrients like zinc to the cells. “The core supplementation formulation components have been demonstrated … to have beneficial effects both outside of and within clinical settings in the prevention of viral infections and also in the treatment of early stages of such diseases,” the study reveals. “Zinc ionophores can … be utilized to gain the anti-viral benefit of enhanced intracellular Zn+2 concentrations while limiting tolerance / side-effect / toxicity issues associated with elevated serum levels of zinc supplementation.” You can review the full paper at this link.     Neuroprotective effect of L-carnitine against glyceraldehyde-induced metabolic impairment University Politecnica delle Marche (Italy), September 7, 2021 According to news reporting originating from Ancona, Italy, research stated, “Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive regression and memory loss. Dysfunctions of both glucose metabolism and mitochondrial dynamics have been recognized as the main upstream events of the degenerative processes leading to AD.” Our news editors obtained a quote from the research from the School of Medicine, “It has been recently found that correcting cell metabolism by providing alternative substrates can prevent neuronal injury by retaining mitochondrial function and reducing AD marker levels. Here, we induced an AD-like phenotype by using the glycolysis inhibitor glyceraldehyde (GA) and explored whether L-carnitine (4-N-trimethylamino-3-hydroxybutyric acid, LC) could mitigate neuronal damage, both in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and in rat primary cortical neurons. We have already reported that GA significantly modified AD marker levels; here we demonstrated that GA dramatically compromised cellular bioenergetic status, as revealed by glycolysis and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) evaluation. We found that LC ameliorated cell survival, improved OCR and ATP synthesis, prevented the loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential (Dps) and reduced the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Of note, the beneficial effect of LC did not rely on the glycolytic pathway rescue. Finally, we noticed that LC significantly reduced the increase in pTau levels induced by GA. Overall, these findings suggest that the use of LC can promote cell survival in the setting of the metabolic impairments commonly observed in AD.” According to the news editors, the research concluded: “Our data suggest that LC may act by maintaining mitochondrial function and by reducing the pTau level.”     Hyperbaric oxygen study shows reversal of biologic hallmarks responsible for development of Alzheimer disease Tel Aviv University  & Shamir Medical Center (Israel), September 10, 2021 A new study, published today in peer-review medical journal Aging, marks the first time non-pharmaceutical clinical exploration proves efficacy in reversing the main activators of Alzheimer's disease.    Using a specific protocol of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), cerebral blood flow (CBF) improved/increased in elderly patients by 16-23%, alleviating vascular dysfunction and amyloid burden. The study, part of a comprehensive research program directed toward aging and accompanying ailments as a reversible disease, holds promise for a new strategic approach to the prevention of Alzheimer's by addressing not only the symptoms or targeting biomarkers, but rather the core pathology and biology responsible for the advancement of the disease.  Vascular dysfunction is a crucial element in the development of Alzheimer's and cognitive decline: Amyloid beta deposits in the brain blood vessel walls are the most common vascular pathology in Alzheimer's.  Reduced blood flow to the brain and its related decrease in oxygen supply (hypoxia) can precede the clinical onset of dementia and correlates with the degree of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's. The comprehensive research, conducted at the Sagol School of Neuroscience at Tel Aviv University and the Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research at Shamir Medical Center, was led by study co-authors, Professor Shai Efrati, M.D.; Professor Uri Ashery, Ph.D.; Ronit Shapira, Ph.D.; Pablo Blinder, Ph.D.; Amir Hadanny, M.D. Using combined data from an animal model of Alzheimer's, where effects were evaluated directly on brain tissue (Sagol School of Neuroscience at Tel Aviv University); humans, assessed with the use of high-resolution MRI and computerized cognitive test (Sagol Center for Hyperbaric Medicine and Research at Shamir Medical Center); correlating results displayed beneficial effects of HBOT on patients suffering from mild cognitive impairment (MCI), the stage before dementia. Each patient received 60 HBOT sessions over a 90-day period, showcasing substantial improvement in cognitive functions – with memory, attention and information processing speed exhibiting the strongest results.  "After dedicating our HBOT research to exploring its impact on the areas of brain functionality and age-related cognitive decline, we have discovered for the first time HBOT induces degradation and clearance of pre-existing amyloid plaques – treatment, and the appearance of newly formed plaques- prevention," explains Professor Uri Ashery. "Elderly patients suffering from significant memory loss at baseline revealed an increase in brain blood flow and improvement in cognitive performance, demonstrating HBOT potency to reverse core elements responsible for the development of Alzheimer's disease." "By treating vascular dysfunction, we're mapping out the path toward Alzheimer's prevention. More research is underway to further demonstrate how HBOT can improve cognitive function and become an influential tool in the imperative fight against the disease," affirms Professor Efrati, research group leader and medical advisor to Aviv Scientific.  Aviv has developed a unique medical treatment protocol that includes HBOT, cognitive and physical training, and nutritional coaching, to enhance brain and body performance of aging adults at Aviv Clinics, currently available in Central Florida and Dubai.  HBOT is already used in patients with other pathologies and is known to be a relatively safe treatment modality, illustrating its potential to be easily implanted in clinical practice. In recent years, there is growing scientific evidence that certain protocols of HBOT can improve brain oxygen supply, induce proliferation of neuronal stem cells and induce generation of new blood vessels and neurons in the brain.       Increased flatulence from eating plant-based diet found to indicate healthier gut microbiome Center for Biomedical Research Network for Liver and Digestive Diseases (Spain), September 10, 2021 A team of researchers affiliated with a host of institutions across Spain has found that the increase in flatulence experienced by people switching to a plant-based diet is an indication of a healthier gut microbiome. In their paper published in the journal Nutrients, the group describes experiments they conducted with healthy, male volunteers regarding diet, fecal sample size and flatulence. It is widely known that switching from a fat or carbohydrate-based diet to one that features more vegetables results in more flatulence—particularly if the switch is to cruciferous vegetables. But as the researchers with this new effort have noted, little research has been done to learn more about the association between diet and flatulence. To learn more about the impact of switching to a plant-based diet on digestion and the gut biome, the researchers enlisted the assistance of 18 healthy, adult male volunteers. Each was asked to eat a western-style diet and then to switch to the plant-based Mediterranean diet for two weeks. Over the study period, the volunteers were asked to count the number of times they defecated each day and to capture and weigh each stool sample. Each of the volunteers was also asked to count the number of times they passed gas. The volunteers were also asked to submit to randomized testing that involved measuring the amount of gas that was emitted during episodes of flatulence, using balloons. The researchers found that the change in diet did not change the number of times the volunteers defecated each day—but it did change the amount of material discharged. The researchers found the plant-based diet doubled the stool size on average. The researchers note this was due to a huge increase in the mass of bacterial growth and excretion. The data also showed that the number of flatulence episodes increased by seven times per day on the plant-based diet—and each discharge had approximately 50% more gas. The researchers note this was due to fermenting of plant material in the gut. The researchers suggest their experiments show that a plant-based diet promotes more healthy types of gut bacteria which leads to better overall gut health.   Physical exercise can relieve tumor-associated anemia University of Basel (Switzerland), September 10, 2021 Many cancer patients suffer from anemia leaving them fatigued, weak, and an impaired ability to perform physical activity. Drugs only rarely alleviate this type of anemia. Researchers at the University of Basel have now been able to show what causes the anemia, and that physical exercise can improve this condition. The two major symptoms of cancer are loss of muscle mass and a reduced hemoglobin level, leading to weight loss, fatigue, lethargy and reduced physical performance. Moreover, both symptoms—atrophy and anemia—prompt many patients to schedule a doctor's appointment, then resulting in the diagnosis of a tumor. Why cancer causes muscle atrophy and anemia is not yet understood, and treatment is currently difficult. The fact that anemia leads to a decline of the overall state of health and can negatively affect the course of cancer therapy highlights the urgency to obtain insights into causes and potential remedies. In collaboration with the Department of Biomedicine at the University of Basel, the research group of Professor Christoph Handschin at the Biozentrum has now been able to show in a mouse model that cancer not only triggers a systemic inflammatory reaction, but also massively changes the handling of lipids and other metabolites in the body. The body's fight is unsuccessful These changes result in a tumor-related enhanced destruction of red blood cells. The study published in Science Advances shows that exercise normalizes these metabolic abnormalities and thereby reduces the anemia caused by cancer. The body tries to counteract the degradation by increasing red blood cell productionin the bone marrow and the spleen—without success. However, the increased production of blood cells is insufficient to prevent tumor-associated anemia. "We have now been able to clarify how cancer causes the degradation of red blood cells," says Christoph Handschin. "Cancer massively alters the metabolism of lipids and other compounds. This alters not only the red blood cells but also the macrophages, causing a sharp increase in red blood cells destruction by the macrophages." Macrophages are a type of white blood cells and part of the immune system. Exercise normalizes metabolism and alleviates anemia The research group attempted to normalize the metabolism by pharmacological means. However, none of the drugs could significantly improve the anemia. In contrast, however, the metabolism was regulated to such an extent by exercise that the anemia also decreased. Even the abnormal increase in red blood cell production could be reduced to a lower level. "Training was able to restore tumor-induced metabolic remodeling and inflammation sufficiently to blunt the excessive blood cell formation and destruction," explained Handschin. This study provides novel insights into the development of tumor-associated anemia. The findings suggest that exercise is a useful therapy for cancer patients, in order to counteract anemia and associated fatigue and lethargy and in turn to improve their general well-being and quality of life. This also leads to improved tolerance of radio- and chemotherapy, as has previously been established.   Mango could help maintain gut bacteria at risk from high-fat diets Oklahoma State University, September 13, 2021 Mango consumption could help prevent the loss of beneficial gut bacteria caused by a high fat diet, according to research on mice. The findings, published in the Journal of Nutrition , appears to reveal for the first time the positive impact of mango on gut microbiota. In the study, 60 male mice were assigned to one of four dietary treatment groups for 12 weeks - control (with 10% of calories from fat), high fat (with 60% calories from fat), or high fat with 1% or 10% mango. All high-fat diets had similar macronutrient, calcium, phosphorus, and fiber content. “We investigated the effects of freeze-dried mango pulp combined with an high-fat diet on the cecal microbial population and its relation to body composition, lipids, glucose parameters, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, and gut inflammatory markers in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity,” the study reports. The high-fat dietary treatment with 10% mango (equivalent to 1½ cups of fresh mango pieces) was found to be the most effective in preventing the loss of beneficial bacteria from a high-fat diet without decreasing body weight or fat accumulation. Specifically, mango supplementation regulated gut bacteria in favor of Bifidobacteria and Akkermansia and enhanced short-chain fatty acid (SFCA) production. SCFAs have been shown to possess a wide range of beneficial effects, such as anti-inflammatory properties. Fibre benefits In previous studies, Bifidobacteria, for example, has been found to be lower in both obese individuals and those with type-2 diabetes. Similar results have been observed withAkkermansia in animal studies. High-fat diets, meanwhile, have been linked to gut dysbiosis, or bacterial imbalances within the intestinal tract. "Fibre and other bioactive compounds in plant-based foods are suggested to prevent gut dysbiosis caused by a high-fat diet," said Edralin A. Lucas, professor of nutritional sciences at Oklahoma State University and lead researcher of the study. "Mango is a good source of fibre and has been reported in previous studies to have anti-obesogenic, hypoglycemic and immunomodulatory properties. The results of this animal study showed that adding mango to the diet may help maintain and regulate gut health and levels of beneficial bacteria levels.” India, China, Indonesia and Thailand are the top four Mango growing countries, accounting for well over half the total global production. Although more research is needed on the effects of mango on human health, this study suggests that mango consumption may be important in improving gut health particularly for those consuming a high-fat diet, the researchers concluded.

The elixir of life which got victimised thanks to the negative marketing done by vegetable oil sellers. Listen to know the benefits of Ghee as per Ayurveda, mostly corroborated by scientific studies too, especially the Butyrate, SCFA and CLA bits. Ghrita, Tuppakam, Ney, Tup..... --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/indimasala/message

Typically, we don't think about picking up the waste byproducts of another species and using them to our advantage. But when it comes to short chain fatty acids - the metabolites of byproducts of our microbes - there's actually a lot we humans benefit from. On this episode, Stephen Fleming, president of Traverse Science, talks to Andrea about what short-chain fatty acids are, what they do, what they mean in the body, and where we can find them. Leave Us A Rating And Review! The Microbiome Report is powered by BIOHM Health. Save 15% off at biohmhealth.com with the code POD15.  Find the transcript and show notes for this episode at biohmhealth.com/pages/podcast.  Questions? Ideas? Email us at themicrobiomereport@biohmhealth.com or reach out on Instagram @DreEats or @BIOHMHealth.

Gut health super important. Science (and the mainstream) now realize that it is an important part of any autoimmune process (it's an important piece of nearly any health process), but there is still a lot of confusion and a lot of misdirection when trying to navigate your own health journey. These days there are a lot of gut testing options, ranging from $79 on Facebook to at least 10x that much for a comprehensive functional panel. Which is the right test for YOU?!?Every lab company claims their test is the best. To me, that's like Chevy saying they are better than Ford and Ford saying they are better than Chevy, when in reality you may like or prefer one more than the other, but they are pretty equivalent. I HATE THAT! What really matters is that YOU DON'T BUY A CAR WHEN WHAT YOU REALLY NEED IS A TRUCK!This episode doesn't discuss the features and benefits of each company's panels, but rather discusses the logic and benefits of the different types of gut health testing, including:SIBO Breath TestFood Sensitivities (IgG vs. IgA)Mucosal Immune Triggers (IgA)Leaky Gut Testing (occludin, zonulin, actomyosin, cytoskeleton antibodies)Organic Acids Testingand Stool Testing, which I spend the most time discussing because it gives the most information about the gut, including.....Details of your "Microbiome" - too much bacteria, too little, which species?Infections or Pathogens - H. pylori, E. coli, parasites, Candida, etcDigestion - digestive enzymes, HCL, Secretory IgA, calprotectin, SCFA, etcSome panels offer more in-depth analysis than others, but again the important thing is to choose the right test for the right situation, and then choose the right value for your particular situation. In this episode I cover all of these factors - and hopefully it helps you navigate your own health journey better!

We’ve all had headaches, and some can be severe. Although many people use the words ‘migraine’ and ‘headache’ interchangeably, the physiology and syndrome of migraines is actually a bit different. Rather than suffer with the debilitating nature of migraines, what if there were practical tips to mitigate their effects or prevent them from occurring in the first place? In today’s episode, we define the difference between primary headaches and migraines, we uncover some of the main migraine triggers, and discuss practical tips to help you get to the root cause. Today on The Lab Report: 3:00 Difference between migraines and other headaches 6:30 Food as a trigger 7:30 Hormonal influences on migraines 8:45 The role of the gut-brain axis 9:30 Intestinal permeability, inflammatory cytokines, and SCFA’s 10:30 Neuropeptides, glutamate, CGRP, serotonin 14:55 Logical Speculation – Serotonin and migraines 17:45 Nutritional therapies: Vitamin D, fish oil, and CoQ10 Subscribe, Rate, & Review The Lab Report Thanks for tuning in to this week’s episode of The Lab Report, presented by Genova Diagnostics, with your hosts Michael Chapman and Patti Devers. If you enjoyed this episode, please hit the subscribe button and give us a rating or leave a review. Don’t forget to visit our website, like us on Facebook, follow us on Twitter, Instagram, and LinkedIn. Email Patti and Michael with your most interesting and pressing questions on functional medicine: podcast@gdx.net. And, be sure to share your favorite Lab Report episodes with your friends and colleagues on social media to help others learn more about Genova and all things related to functional medicine and specialty lab testing. Disclaimer: The content and information shared in The Lab Report is for educational purposes only and should not be taken as medical advice. The views and opinions expressed in The Lab Report represent the opinions and views of Michael Chapman and Patti Devers and their guests. See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Welcome back to episode 437 of the Whole View. (0:27) Stacy welcomes new listeners and takes a quick moment to introduce herself. Stacy had a 20-year career in Federal Regulation and Law. She jokes about how she tries not to talk about it because it's such a boring topic. Discovering how what she put in and her body affected her health was a life-changing experience for her. Now she works as her own boss. Stacy leads a large team (mostly women) focused on getting safer, non-toxic products into consumers' hands. She also does weekly podcasts with her co-host, Dr. Sarah Ballantyne. Sarah also introduces herself to any new listeners. She has a medical research background and a Ph.D. in Medical Biophysics. Sarah also had a similar translational type experience as Stacy. While navigating her academic research career and struggling with over a dozen different health conditions, Sarah discovered just how much the food we eat impacts the way our bodies work. Looking at her lifestyle choices and their impact on her life opened a new pathway for her. Now Sarah is an author, blogger, health educator, and thinks of herself as a "science translator." Her goal is to dig deep into the literature and act as a bridge to the academic research community she used to bring that information to everyday people who can benefit from it. The Mission Of Nutrivore Stacy tells listeners that one of the best things they've done to help bridge that gap looks at the specific nutrients within different forms of food and how they affect our bodies. She adds that they've gotten so deep in the weeds, they want to look more big picture as to what being a "nutrivore" means from a whole health perspective. Stacy also hopes that doing this will provide more context for the science of past and future shows. Sarah tells the audience that she and Stacy have been throwing the word "nutrivore" around a lot lately. She thinks that it would be helpful to ground ourselves in understanding what the ultimate goal is. That means getting away from diet jargon. Sarah also shares that this is a fantastic episode to share with friends and family overwhelmed with diets. There are so many "fad diets" approaches out there that can be next to impossible to separate out what is an influencer making commissions off of selling a supplement line versus something rooted in science that may be misinterpreted. Sarah and Stacy try to stay as close to science as they possibly can. They use science to guide recommended health principles. The vast majority of scientific studies tell us that focusing on a nutrient-rich fuel source, as well as other lifestyle factors, are the things that support health. Diets vs. Health and Wellness Stacy shares a huge mental shift of focusing on the outcome being health helped her navigate. (6:18) "Diet" is a word used to sell you a weight loss product that actually depletes your body of nutrients. Or it could be referring to how you eat. And so, instead of using a term used that way, it's easier for Stacy to think of nutrient-density as a way to achieve the ultimate goal: health. Stacy tells listeners that the justification for all the things we do are all around this idea of health and wellness. As so, as confusing as that is, one of the things that people get askew is the idea of nutrients. She attributes this to macro and micronutrients. And they are entirely different. Stacy suggests they start with the very basics and go over what they mean by "nutrient." She also reminds listeners that the goal of every one of these shows is never to cause shame or guilt, whether for past choices or future ones. Stacy adds one is perfect, and no one ever will be perfect. But we can make choices if we know what health looks like, and the more choices we make toward that goal, the better off we'll be. What Are Nutrients? Sarah dives into what the different nutrients are. (8:53) She explains that Macronutrients are protein, carbohydrates, and fats, and they amount to energy. So what they do is supply our body with the energy required for chemical reactions to occur.  Micronutrients are amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, and vitamin-like compounds, minerals, and phytonutrients.  These are the building blocks for cellular structures and resources needed for all those chemical reactions to happen. Sarah explains that they're called "macro" and "micro" due to the amount of each that we need to consume. So we need larger amounts of energy to drive all these chemical reactions. And then we need smaller amounts of building blocks and resources. Sarah explains that our body breaks it down into individual amino acids when we digest a protein before it's absorbed. The protein itself is a macronutrient, while the amino acid is a micronutrient. However, the body needs both equally. Without either nutrient, our cells stop being able to do the things they need to do their jobs. Sarah believes it would be helpful to talk about a few examples of a biological system. And how it uses nutrients to sustain itself or drive its function in some way. When you understand that we use these nutrients are up in chemical reactions, it becomes a lot easier to see why we need to replenish them by consuming those nutrients constantly. Essential and Nonessential Stacy shares how it's been helpful for her to think about things in terms of essential and nonessential things. Sarah agrees, saying that the classification of essential and nonessential nutrients is very interesting. Anything labeled essential has two things in common: We know that our bodies can't make it at all or anywhere near enough of what we need, so we need to get it from outside sources There is an identified disease that occurs from deficiency of that nutrient Vitamin C and Iron are both classified as essential because Scurvy or Anemia comes from insufficient quantities. With nonessential nutrients, we can make them ourselves in a dire situation, or there's never been a deficiency-disease identified from not getting enough. Fiber would be an example of a nonessential nutrient. Sarah explains that this is a misnomer because we do actually need both to function properly. She adds that with nonessential, it means that you won't die without them. And that it's very different from saying you'll be healthy without them. What It All Means Stacy shares how mind-blowing it is to think about how her body and make something automatically when it needs to. Sarah talks a little bit about Vitamin A and how some people are genetically unable to make their own. And how this relates to how we need to think about consuming active forms of vitamins that we can get from food. Stacy agrees, sharing how we much rather get the nutrients her body needs from food, and not supplements, whenever she can. Sarah also takes a minute to emphasize there is a lot of science showing that nutrients in a multivitamin are very poorly absorbed. They tend to go straight through you, and part of that has to do without the nutrients are put into the tablet or capsules. Sarah explains the steps folic acid goes through as an example and what can impact our ability to absorb it into our bodies. She also reiterates that it's best to get as much as we can from our food because it's so much easier for us to get the nutrients we can use from there. How Are Nutrients Used in Our Body? Sarah wants to use this next example mostly just to show how complex these processes are. (23:22) There are about twelve biological systems, and they are things like the muscular and skeletal systems. Central Nervous System She will be talking about the central nervous system in this example. She also explains that the central nervous system controls much more than just your brain, but also your heart, lungs, etc. Biologically speaking, without your brain controlling your central nervous system, your body can't do anything. It turns out brains are really necessary for health! For example, B-vitamins are used by the mitochondria in our cells in the chemical reactions (together called the Kreb's cycle or citric acid cycle) to make the cellular energy molecule (called ATP) from sugars and fat we eat, as well as glycogen at fat we store. The nervous system (brain, spinal cord and nerves) needs: Vitamin B1: neurotransmitter production Vitamin B6:  neurotransmitter production Choline:  neurotransmitter production Vitamin B12: myelin sheath Copper:  myelin sheath B vitamins in general: ATP production / mitochondrial function Vitamin D: gene expression, biorhythms Calcium: nerve impulses Potassium: nerve impulses Sulfur: cell regeneration, oxygen use Omega-3 Fats: nerve signaling and cellular health, maintains blood-brain barrier Tryptophan:  serotonin, melatonin Phenylalanine: dopamine Glutamate, glutamic acid: GABA Polyphenols: promote neuronal signaling, increase production of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents Our brains are very unique because it has this special barrier. Not everything in the blood can get into the brain, which's different from other tissues. This barrier protects the brain from pathogens and toxins that might be in the blood, and without sufficient Omega-3 fats, we can't maintain that barrier's integrity. Sarah adds that this is a very generalized list of nutrients the central nervous system needs to function. Check out this study for more information on how dietary factors influence the central nervous system! The Immune System She adds that she often talks about the immune system as a "nutrient hog" because it's the most greedy system in terms of nutrients it requires to function optimally. When it's not working properly, it tends to turn on inflammation and not be able to turn it off. This is often called "systemic inflammation" and contributes to every chronic illness, such as autoimmune disease, cardiovascular disease, asthma, diabetes, kidney disease, etc. Sarah sums up that an immune system that cannot regulate itself is a very bad thing. The immune system needs: Vitamin A:  immune regulator, differentiation Vitamin D: immune regulator, Treg cells Vitamin E: antioxidant Vitamin K2: antioxidant Vitamin B12: cell production, methylation Vitamin C: antioxidant Zinc: T-cell development and activation, cytokines Selenium: antioxidant, cell function and activation Iodine: phagocyte health Iron: antioxidant enzymes Magnesium: thymus gland Copper: cytokine production, cell proliferation Flavonoids: antioxidants Omega 3 fats: phagocytes It turns out that nutrient insufficiencies (which is different from deficiencies because we're getting some, just not enough) pretty dramatically impact how the immune system is functioning. Sarah says that specifically Vitamins A and D are really important for immune regulation, which reigns in the system, so you don't get that system-wide inflammation. Our immune system also identifies cells that may be up to some cancer-like shenanigans and kill them off before becoming cancerous. So part of the process of cancer development is the immune system failing to identify those cells.   Deficiency vs. Insufficiency Sarah explains that just between these two systems, nearly every essential and nonessential nutrient is represented.   (33:55) Stacy takes a moment say how interesting she finds insufficiencies versus deficiencies. She adds that due to the high levels of deficiencies there are, the levels of insufficiencies much be way higher. Sarah defines insufficiencies as not consuming the recommended daily allowance of a specific nutrient. The "recommended" numbers are set based on a body of scientific literature for which 97.5% of the population will not show a deficiency. Sarah also explains that that recommended number should be seen as a minimus and not a goal. And there's still a percentage of the population that that won't be enough for. She defines a deficiency as, if doctors measured it in your blood, you wouldn't have the amount considered in the normal range, or you have some sort of symptom associated with not having enough of that nutrient. Sarah explains that deficiency in a single nutrient can impact the function of multiple biological systems. If a biological system is missing a nutrient required for optimal function, the body can not be optimally healthy. In fact, nutrient deficiencies are linked to every chronic illness! How Prevalent are Nutrient Deficiencies? Stacy asks about how prevalent nutrient deficiencies are. (39:10) Sarah explains that one of the main ways deficiencies are studied is through food journals. Scientists have people send in their meals, and they study them that way. The following chart includes food and supplements like multivitamins: Sarah repeats how each of the nutrients is important to every system of the body. They all use them. And when you're deficient in something, a system that needs it to function isn't functioning to its highest capacity. Sarah adds that when you take supplements out of the equation, these numbers get even worse: For example, the immune system not operating at full capacity can't heal a cut, fight off an illness, or even turn itself off as best as it should. Sarah also includes examples from the liver and brain not functioning optimally. She also explains that our genetics play a big role in how susceptible we are to nutritional deficiencies. And it's not always predictable how long our bodies can go "running on fumes." Top 10 Nutrients We’re Deficient In Stacy asks about which nutrients are the most common for deficiencies and where we might find a solution. (43:54) Sarah says that an estimated 90% of Americans are deficient in at least 1 essential nutrient! She also explains there are ten nutrients out there that over half of us are said to be deficient in. Vitamin A Sarah tells the audience that roughly 56% of us are diffident in Vitamin A and recaps how Vitamin A is very often found in animal food sources. Vitamin A is important for our bones, eyes, immune health, maintenance and normal regeneration of all our barriers (like the gut and blood-brain barriers), and more. Sarah drops that the top food source for gaining Vitamin A is the liver and pauses for dramatic effect. Stacy adds that organ meat is a high-optimized source for almost all of the deficiencies on this list. But before Sarah gets too deep into that, Stacy reminds listeners not to worry- you can take a pull for that. Stacy also wants listeners to understand that she and Sarah go so deep into where you can find all of these things in foods because taking a multivitamin isn't always as readily absorbed or as high in quality as something you can get from a food source. Stacy shares that she's not actively putting organ meat on her family's table, and so for her, the best way to get it is in supplement form. She adds that it is not an extraction; it is a whole food that is dehydrated and powdered. Sarah lists red meat, organ meat, pork, poultry, fish, and shellfish are all good sources of Vitamin A. Vegetable sources must be converted into an active form, which is very inefficient (as low as 3%). How It Effects Us Stacy adds it takes a few years for these deficiencies to catch up with us, and we won't notice how being deficient is affecting us right away. She recognizes that not everyone eats meat, and that's okay. Fish and eggs also get you very far if you're able to prioritize them. Stacy shares that in her youth, being a vegetarian did affect her health negatively long-term because she wasn't eating the correct kinds of foods to supplement what she wasn't getting from animal sources. Vitamin B6 Sarah explains that approximately 54% of us are deficient in Vitamin B6. (51:02) Vitamin B6 is essential for cellular energy, metabolism of amino acids and lipids, required for gluconeogenesis, synthesis of neurotransmitters, and hemoglobin, supporting the methylation cycle. Sarah takes a minute to explain to listeners how the methylation cycle works for turning proteins on and off. Peppers, onion family, pistachios, liver, fish, meat (poultry and red meat), sunflower seeds, garlic, and dark leafy greens are all great sources of Vitamin B6. Stacy asks about other forms of B Vitamins and if they're found in similar food sources. Sarah answers that it's a good general rule. Vitamin B9 Sarah tells the audience that 75% of us are deficient in this B Vitamin. She explains that it's essential to metabolize nucleic acids and amino acids, cell division, and production of red blood cells, supporting the methylation cycle. Food sources for B9 are organ meat, green veggies, leafy greens, legumes, beets, asparagus, avocados, papayas, strawberries, and seaweed. Vitamin D 75% of us are deficient in Vitamin D. Stacy tells viewers that the best source of vitamin D is from the sun! Sarah adds that where this vitamin comes from is due to our cholesterol's response to that UV radiation. Stacy and Sarah went further into detail in Episode 354! This nutrient controls the expression of over 200 genes. Vitamin D is critical for the function of mineral metabolism, bone mineralization and growth, biosynthesis of neurotrophic factors, hormone regulation, cell survival and division, circadian rhythms, barrier tissue health, and immune system health. Sarah tells the audience that it's very important to get their vitamin D levels tested. And if they're low, look at supplementation. The dose sufficient to bring you up to the level you need to be at varies wildly from person to person. And that is controlled by how your body regulates vitamin D and your environmental factors. Too Much Is A Thing? Sarah also explains that it's very hard to get enough from food on its own if you're already deficient. She also adds that there's a happy medium range and such a thing as too much Vitamin D. She does say it's usually cured by supplements and very hard to do with just food alone. Top food sources include fish, grass-fed dairy, oysters, pastured eggs, grass-fed meat, pasture-raised meat, shrimp, other shellfish, mushroom (D2), and tofu (D2). Stacy loves the idea of animals living a happy life outside in the sun and that the best animal products for our health come full circle. Sarah says this goes as far as plants grown in depleted soil as well. So how our food is raised is very important to our health as well. She also reminds listeners that eating snout to tail means nothing is going to waste. Vitamin E Sarah explains that around 60% of people are deficient in Vitamin E. She adds that it functions as an antioxidant throughout the body, which is quite important for immune function. It's also very important for anti-aging of cells. Top food sources for Vitamin E are nuts, seeds, leafy greens, avocado, olives, organ meat, shellfish, unrefined plant oil, fatty fish, and winter squash. Sarah also explains that high-fat plant products are the best producers of this vitamin. Calcium Approximately 65% of us are deficient in calcium. Both calcium and magnesium are electrolytes. Sarah explains that calcium is a large component of bones and teeth, is a cofactor for many enzymes, cell signaling (metabolism, cell division, gene expression), blood clotting, neurotransmitter release and nerve conductance, and muscle contraction. Sarah explains what being a cofactor is and how it works. Top food sources for calcium are grass-fed dairy, tofu, sesame seeds, chives, chia seeds, radishes, seaweed, beef, dark leafy greens, and sardines. Stacy points out that there's more than just dairy on the list. Sarah agrees and points out how the body more easily absorbs the calcium in dark leafy greens than the calcium in dairy. In fact, studies on dairy are pretty mixed in terms of osteoporosis. Stacy adds that stress is big for depleting calcium. Magnesium  Around 68% of people are magnesium deficient. Sarah and Stacy covered magnesium in detail in Episode 409! Sarah explains that three hundred different enzymes use magnesium. It's also key for ATP synthesis, DNA and RNA synthesis, a constituent of bones and teeth, neuromuscular contractions, production of testosterone and progesterone, metabolism of phosphorus, calcium, potassium, sodium, B vitamins, and vitamins C and E, cofactor in methylation, and the immune system. Top food sources for magnesium are seaweed, dark leafy greens, chives, pumpkin seeds, fish, soy, Brazil nuts, sunflower seeds, other nuts and seeds, and avocados. Sarah tells listeners that the "superstar" foods for this nutrient are leafy greens. She also explains that it's one of the harder nutrients to get adequate amounts of from food sources alone. Sarah explains why she loves food journals from the point of view of piecing together the puzzle of what we're getting, what we need, and where we need to get it from. Which is exactly the idea behind nutrivore! Zinc Around 73% of people are zinc deficient. Sarah tells the audience that zinc is everywhere and kind of a do-it-all nutrient. Sarah explains the diverse functions of zinc include the activity of approximately three hundred different enzymes, DNA and RNA transcription, regulates apoptosis, absorption and activity of B vitamins, muscle contraction, connective tissue formation, insulin production, and testosterone, a component of vitamin D receptor, and immune system. Stacy says that without looking, she can name the number one source of zinc: oysters! If they are in season and on the menu, she orders them. Sarah claims that you will have met your zinc quota for the week if you eat oysters once a week. Sarah adds liver, crab, wild game (red meat), loser, farmed red meat, clams, organ meat, mushrooms, and seaweed are all great food sources for zinc. She reiterates that so many of us are deficient and so much of our body relies on zinc, that there's never been a better reason to try organ meat and shellfish. DHA & EPA Around 70% of people are DHA & EPA deficient. These are also known as Omega fats. Sarah tells listeners DHA & EPA are used by the body for anti-inflammatory, immune health, vascular health, neural/brain health, vision health, fetal development, supports healthy microbiome, and cellular health in general. Fish, shellfish, grass-fed meat, organ meat, grass-fed dairy, and seaweed are great food sources for DHA and EPA. Sarah adds that nuts and seeds can be very high in ALA (especially flax, chia, walnuts), which can be converted into DHA and EPA. Although this is usually inefficiently done- again 3%. Fiber Stacy says you can never talk about fiber enough. In fact, if she's eating carbohydrates, she wants to be eating fiber as well. Sarah says about 90% of us are deficient in fiber! Sarah explains we need fiber because it feeds the gut microbiome, helps eliminate toxins, helps regulate hormones, regulates gut motility, fermentation produces SCFA, and promotes better sleep. Plus, it helps you poop! Sarah explains what happens in our intensities if we don't have enough fiber to bind our waste eliminated by the body. Some stuff we want to get rid of can actually be reabsorbed into the body if we don't have enough fiber to aid in getting rid of. Fruits, veggies, mushrooms, and legumes are all great food sources of fiber. Sarah also reminds listeners that we want diversity in our fibers for the sake of our gut microbiome. Nutrivore: Frequent Flyer Nutrient-Dense Foods Sarah and Stacy have done several different shows on the importance of vegetables and vegetable diversity for any listeners interested in checking them out. (1:19:15) Stacy also recaps a previous show about needing 30 different types of fruits and veggies a week. And how it is not as scary as it sounds. Sarah shares that certain foods, like liver and other organ meat, vegetables, and seafood, come up repeatedly as the best sources of these nutrients. Stacy shares how mushrooms and seaweed were on several lists and found that very interesting. Sarah explains the term "nutrient density" refers to micronutrients' concentration (mainly vitamins and minerals) per calorie of food.  She also knows that organ meat is a "big ask" for people. There is a big market out there for encapsulating these foods, so don't run away! Sarah also explains that nutrient-dense foods supply a wide range of vitamins and minerals relative to the calories they contain.  Low nutrient density foods supply lots of energy without much in the way of additional nutrition.  Sarah tells listeners that a nutrivorous, or nutrient-sufficient, diet is practically achieved by consuming more nutrient-dense foods, in ratios that provide synergistic quantities of every nutrient. More Episodes: A nutrient-sufficient diet must focus on the most nutrient-dense foods available: Offal (how to eat nose to tail EP 347) Seafood (fish, shellfish, sea vegetables) (seafood safety concerns EP 366) Vegetables (8+ servings daily!!!!)  (most recent is 30 a week, EP 424) 373, 335, 304, 286, 152, plus a ton more, talk about different aspects of high veggie consumption, why, what counts, and what that looks like Edible fungi (EP 392, 307) Fruit (3-5 servings per day) (Case for more carbs, 305) Other nutrient-dense foods: High-quality meat and dairy (Ep 317 Budget vs Quality) Healthy fats (EVOO EP 326) (Best fats for gut health EP 414) Nuts and seeds (EP 413) Herbs and spices Fermented foods (EP 155) Eggs Properly-prepared legumes Sarah tells the audience that she recognizes that we are all human and that change is hard. She wants to be sure to permit listeners not to have to go "all-in" immediately if that's not the best way for you to make a long-lasting, positive change in your life. Sarah also reminds listeners to aim for 30 different fruits and veggies a week! Nutrivore: The Whole Diet Stacy loves the idea of taking this all into account when looking at a nutrivore diet. This is because the focus is on eating what we need to feel like our best selves. A nutrivorous diet is one in which the goal is to fully meet the body’s physiologic needs for both essential and nonessential nutrients from the foods we eat.  This is also called a nutrient-sufficient diet. Stacy tells listeners that a nutrivore diet is about the overall quality of the whole diet. And not about a list of yes-foods and no-foods.   Stacy shared that, as a person with many food intolerances, she learned the hard way that if you continue to eat a food your body is intolerant to, you're keeping your body from absorbing more of everything else. That means you then need to consume more of everything because your body still hasn't absorbed everything it needs to function because something like gluten or nightshades are gumming up the works. Be Nice To Yourself Sarah explains that though eliminating empty calorie foods helps to achieve nutrient sufficiency, no food is strictly forbidden. There are no "yes" food and "no" foods. You can "buy" yourself wiggle room with your favorite "junk foods" by eating more nutrient-dense superfoods. Also, food sensitivities and other dietary priorities can be layered on top of this approach. Sarah suggests thinking of nutrivore as a diet modifier: you can do nutrivore Mediterranean, nutrivore vegetarian, nutrivore Paleo, etc. Don't Be Afraid Of Going Nutrivore! Stacy shares that her body had been able to handle more stress in life because her body is less involved with dealing with inflammatory foods. (1:37:14) Sarah shares that this might be a great time to emphasize that it only takes a few weeks for our taste buds to adapt to big shifts in our diets.  Studies looking at taste adaptation to one of a low-sugar, low-salt, or low-fat diet have shown that participants develop a preference for the healthier foods they've been eating over a few weeks.  This is attributable to our taste buds becoming more sensitive.  Sarah explains that familiarity and flavor association with positive experiences is another key driver of food preference.  Studies show that with repeated exposure to foods that we innately dislike, we can lose our aversions to those foods and actually develop a preference for them.  In fact, we can learn to like new flavors after trying them as few as four or five times.  What does this mean? If you aren't enjoying the new healthy foods you're adding to your diet, don't give up. The more of these healthy foods you eat, the more you'll enjoy them! Final Thoughts on Nutrivore Stacy shares that her favorite thing she used to tell her kids is your tongue sheds tastebuds like a snake sheds its skin. And you just have to wait until the next round to see if you like whatever it is then. Stacy also said it's not so much as figuring out to like a certain food but finding a way to prepare. She invites listeners to stay open-minded, ready, and willing to get there. Thanks so much for listening!

#185 Kiran Krishnan, a research microbiologist that has been involved in the dietary supplement and nutrition market for the past 18 years. He comes from a university research background having spent several years with hands-on R&D in the fields of molecular medicine and microbiology at the University of Iowa. Kiran established a Clinical Research Organization where he designed and conducted dozens of human clinical trials in human nutrition. Kiran is also a co-founder and partner in Nu Science Trading, LLC.; a nutritional technology development and research company. He is a co-founder and Chief Scientific Officer at Microbiome Labs. He is a frequent lecturer on the human microbiome at medical and nutrition conferences. He is an expert guest on national and satellite radio, has appeared in several international documentaries, and has been a guest speaker on several International health summits as a microbiome expert. He is currently involved in 16 novel human clinical trials on probiotics and the human microbiome. In this episode we cover: The differences between innate and adaptive immunity The role of the gut microbiome in the immune response The impact Free LPS on the immune system How commensal microbiota is required to fight viral infections The difference between a virus and bacteria How the success of vaccines depend on one's immune capabilities How to effectively improve SCFA, especially butyrate production Ways we can support our immune system, via the gut And so much more

Clarissa Lenherr is a Harley Street registered nutritionist and leading workplace wellbeing consultant. As a private nutritionist, Clarissa has helped hundreds of clients back to optimal health and she specialises in digestive health, auto-immune conditions, and hormone health. Her mission is to take the science of nutrition and convert it into easy to implement strategies so that her clients can achieve ultimate wellbeing. 4:30 - What is the enteric nervous system: the connection of nerve fibers in the gut is called the enteric nervous system (ENS) and it is sometimes called the second brain. 8:10 - The brain-gut connection: There is a bidirectional link between the central nervous system and the enteric nervous system in the gut.12:50: The microbiome is a collection of bacteria that live in our gut. Some of them produce neurotransmitters including serotonin, GABA, and dopamine. 95% of serotonin, one of the most important hormones for mental health, is made in the gut. 70% of the immune system is in the gut which is why an unhealthy gut is often associated with poor immune health, autoimmune disease, and inflammation. 15:10 - Can stress, anxiety, and mental health disorders originate from the gut?18:30 - How can we use nutrition to improve gut health and mood? Disclaimer: if you have a preexisting medical concern you should see a doctor or nutritionist Tips to improve gut health and mood30 grams of fiber per day (The average consumes only eats 18 grams) - It benefits digestive health, heart, and liver health. It feeds the good bacteria and can improve constipation dominant IBS.Prebiotic fibers are insoluble and they are hard to break down in the gut. It moves whole to the large intestine where the gut-bacteria eat them and produce by-products including short-chained fatty-acids (SCFA). Some prebiotic foods are: Artichokes, Asparagus, bananas, barley, berries, chicory, garlic, green vegetablesProbiotics: food or supplements containing live-bacteria to support our microbiome. They can be found in fermented food like kefir and live yogurt, kombucha, sauerkraut and kimchi, tempeh, and soy. Can be used 3 times/week. Or take probiotics in supplement form.  Start low and go slow: Too many fibers and probiotics can cause bloating and diarrhea so start slowly when increasing fiber intake. Red wine can be good for the microbiome in small quantitiesStay away from: Processed meats and processed foodContains lots of nitrate and unhealthy fats Sweeteners have been shown to reduce the diversity in the microbiome Stay away from chewing gum which contains a lot of sweeteners Be cautious with caffeine which can cause bloating and diarrhea Alcohol affects our absorption of nutritions and our mood and sleep. Refined sugar - less than 30 grams per day30:20: Can food reduce symptoms of anxiety and stress? Simple diet changes to a whole-food, high in fruits and vegetables. Nutrients to support mental health:Omega-3: From fatty-fish like salmon and mackerel, chia seeds and walnuts  Vitamin-3: diary milk-foods, eggs, mushrooms, and from the sunshine. As a supplement - recommended dose: 25-50 microgram/day. 35:10 Is intermittent-fasting good for gut-health and mood? Fasting can help the digestive system to fully clear out and reset. Tips:  Have 12-16 hours fasting period overnight (start low and go slow)4-hour gaps between mealsReduce snacking (not for people with diabetes, pregnancy, or high-stress levels)You can have water, tea or black coffeeEat a balanced diet in the 8 hours - eat the colors of the rainbow, hydrate, and drink lots of water

Do you love to dance? Want to know more about one of the most-loved classical dance forms of Spain? In the upcoming episode of House of Experts, join Vibha Kagzi CEO, ReachIvy.com in conversation with Shehzeen Cassum , Founder, SCFA and Namaste Flamenco

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.09.17.302570v1?rss=1 Authors: Hofford, R. S., Mervosh, N. L., Euston, T. J., Meckel, K. R., Orr, A. T., Kiraly, D. D. Abstract: Recent evidence has demonstrated that the gut microbiome has marked effects on neuronal function and behavior. Disturbances to microbial populations within the gut have been linked to myriad models of neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the role of the microbiome in substance use disorders remains understudied. Here we show that animals with their gut microbiome depleted by non-absorbable antibiotics (Abx) exhibit decreased formation of morphine conditioned place preference and demonstrate marked changes in gene expression within the nucleus accumbens (NAc) in response to morphine. Replacement of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolites, which are reduced by microbiome knockdown, reversed the behavioral and transcriptional effects of microbiome depletion. This identifies SCFA as the crucial mediators of microbiome-brain communication responsible for the effects on morphine reward caused by microbiome knockdown. These studies add important new behavioral, molecular, and mechanistic insight to the role of gut-brain signaling in substance use disorders. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

Foods, drinks and supplements that boost those crucial good bacteria in your gut, with myriad healthy effects. Keywords gut bacteria, microbiome, neurotransmitters, dopamine, serotonin, strains, good bacteria, large intestine, yoghurt, Yakult, L. casei Shirota, probiotic, probiotics, supplements, Bio-Kult, Bacillus subtilis, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium infantis, Bifidobacterium longum, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactococcus lactis, Streptococcus thermophilus, inulin, prebiotic, Prebiotics, chicory root, fibre, Akkermansia muciniphila, saccharomyces boulardii, yeast, butyrate, SCFA, weight loss, fermented, unpasteurised, sauerkraut, kimchi, cheese, Gouda, Gruyere, Roquefort, sourdough, kefir, kombucha, red wine, resistant starch, colon, potatoes, cooked, cooled, pasta, green bananas, cashew nuts

Intro The carnivore diet has been becoming more mainstream as of late and gaining attention over media Some attention has been positive, some negative, and like always with nutrition there is a lot of conflicting evidence. Let’s straighten this out The Keto Project Movie- Phase 3 in full force Dr. Mike is living this lecture with Organic End Grass fed beef to compare to the Burger King burger diet for a month   What is it carnivore diet Potentially a form of a Ketogenic diet Similar to how pescatarian, lacto-ovo, vegan, etc, are all similar sub categories of vegetarian May cancel some out of ketosis if protein is high enough, hence the “potentially a form” of a ketogenic lifestyle The concept is that high enough protein can cause the body to go through gluconeogenesis which will increase  blood sugar levels and potentially negate ketosis Literature is mixed so larger and longer studies required If unsure, cover everything is butter, coconut oil, and cheese to increase the fat to protein ratio to increase ketogenic effects What do people eat? Anything from a meat/animal source Beef, chicken, organ meats, fish, eggs Bone marrow/broth, lard, dairy Inuits are the gold standard example Incredibly low levels of heart, liver, and kidney disease Eats a crapton of blubber and organ meats Higher fat content in meat than many that practice the carnivorous approach What Don’t people eat  I have had this argument before Alcohol, coffee, chocolate What animal does hobbs, rye, coffee beans, and chocolate nibs come from?   Potential benefits from it Weight loss depending on dietary lifestyle prior Higher satiety from high fat and protein so less likely to over indulge Can increase testosterone levels High healthy animal meats, specifically red meat and more on the medium rare side Can increase RBC’s and heme-iron stores for a better cardiovascular system Quality of meat is a huge factor Metabolism may increase by up to 10-20% Protein take more energy to digest and takes more effort to breakdown More thermogenic activity The body gets hotter when doing high metabolic processes; The Meat Sweats It can help blood pressure, glucose regulation, cholesterol levels, and gut flora balances Mild evidence suggests it can increase autophagy if protein is high enough over fat ratios   Why you may not want to do it Majority of lifestyles may not be the best with specific health conditions which is why medical history should always be a part of deciding the best lifestyle for one to follow We know that we can eat up to 4.4g per kg of body weight and cause no short term health issues If your religion is against eating meat If you have a current kidney or liver condition Research have suggested that high protein/meat diets do not cause organ damage but may worsen it if already present It’s like running on a broken leg compared to a healthy leg Running takes a larger toll on the leg than sitting but won’t be an issue if the limb is healthy Wouldn’t recommend jogging if leg has an issue Same with the kidneys, liver, and high protein/meat based lifestyle High protein makes them work a little harder, but the body will handle it fine as long as it’s healthy Gout- Red meat is one of the main things suggested to avoid due to  uric acid build up   Better than vegan?  Depends on the health status and goals of the individual. Oddly easy to compare carnivorous to veganism Polar opposite but similar caveats Both may require specific supplementation  Both heavily differ on effectiveness of a healthy life style depending on what quality of food you intake Vegetarian can eat just cakes and chocolate Carnivore can eat just Burger King Having organ meats, bone broth and marrow, preparing meat in quality oils and not deep frying, etc Organic grass finished will have higher levels of omega 3’s, and more abundant supply of micro nutrients Likely supplementation to assist Bone collagen or bone broth could help keep bacteria at a healthy ration compared to just meat portions of animal products They will have the SCFA (short chain fatty acids) butyrate  Helps protect the intestinal wall for leaky gut prevention and assistance May need to add vitamin c Also will help the iron absorption and avoid scurvy if this life style is done long term Can be found in liver and eggs Organ meats and bone marrow/broth will stop most potential deficiencies Like seaweed for B12 and vegetarian based diets Prebiotic/fiber High protein diet will offset bad bacteria that was acquired through high carbohydrates and process foods Needs prebiotics to feed the good bacteria   www.functionised.com/hhh.html Facebook: @Functionised Instagram: @Functionised

#169 Kiran Krishnan, a research microbiologist that has been involved in the dietary supplement and nutrition market for the past 18 years. He comes from a university research background having spent several years with hands-on R&D in the fields of molecular medicine and microbiology at the University of Iowa. Kiran established a Clinical Research Organization where he designed and conducted dozens of human clinical trials in human nutrition. Kiran is also a co-founder and partner in Nu Science Trading, LLC.; a nutritional technology development and research company. He is a co-founder and Chief Scientific Officer at Microbiome Labs. He is a frequent lecturer on the human microbiome at medical and nutrition conferences. He is an expert guest on national and satellite radio, has appeared in several international documentaries, and has been a guest speaker on several International health summits as a microbiome expert. He is currently involved in 16 novel human clinical trials on probiotics and the human microbiome. In this episode we cover: The differences between innate and adaptive immunity The role of the gut microbiome in the immune response The impact Free LPS on the immune system How commensal microbiota is required to fight viral infections The difference between a virus and bacteria How the success of vaccines depend on one's immune capabilities How to effectively improve SCFA, especially butyrate production Ways we can support our immune system, via the gut And so much more

This month on Episode 15 of the Discover CircRes podcast, host Cindy St. Hilaire highlights three featured articles from the July 31 and August 14 issues of Circulation Research. This episode features an in-depth conversation with Drs Venu Venna and Juneyoung Lee from the Department of Neurology at the McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston regarding their study Gut Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids Promote Post-Stroke Recovery in Aged Mice. This episode also includes a brief discussion with BCVS Outstanding Early Career Investigator Award competition finalists, Drs Shyam Bansal from Ohio State University, Emmanouil Tampakakis from Johns Hopkins University, and Yang Zhou from the University of Alabama, Birmingham.   Article highlights:   Veys, et al. GLUT1 in Angiogenesis and BBB Integrity   Zhang, et al. Self-Renewal of Local Macrophages Attenuates DiCM   Lerchenmüller, et al.  CITED4 in Cardiac Remodeling     Dr Cindy St. Hilaire:        Hi. Welcome to Discover CircRes, the podcast of the American Heart Association's journal, Circulation Research. I'm your host, Dr Cindy St. Hilaire from the Vascular Medicine Institute at the University of Pittsburgh. Today I'm going to share with you three articles selected from the late July and early August issues of Circulation Research. I'm also excited to share with you my discussions with Drs Venugopal Venna and Juneyoung Lee, who are from the group of Louise McCullough at the University of Texas Health Science Center, regarding their study Gut Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids Promote Post-Stroke Recovery in Aged Mice. I also speak with the finalists of the BCVS Outstanding Early Career Investigator Award, Shyam Bansal from Ohio State University, Emmanouil Tampakakis from Johns Hopkins University, and Yang Zhou from the University of Alabama, Birmingham. So first the highlights. The first article I'm sharing with you is titled Role of the GLUT1 Glucose Transporter in Postnatal CNS Angiogenesis and Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity. The first author is Koen Veys and the corresponding author is Katrin De Bock from ETH Zurich. The primary energy source for the brain is glucose and the blood vessel endothelial cells which from the blood-brain barrier supplied glucose to the brain via the glucose transporter protein GLUT1. Patients with genetic mutations in GLUT1 have neurological problems, including seizures, movement disorders, and delayed neurological development. Low GLUT1 levels in the blood-brain barrier have also been linked to Alzheimer's disease in humans and have been known to exacerbate the disease in a mouse model. In this study, the group examined the role of GLUT1 in blood-brain barrier endothelial cells in more detail. They found that while structural integrity of the blood-brain barrier remained intact, inhibiting the activity of GLUT1 in newborn mice impaired aspects of normal blood vessel growth in the brain, and inhibiting GLUT1 in adult mice led to progressive neuron loss, behavioral abnormalities, reduced movement, seizures, and signs of inflammation. The results highlight GLUT1's importance in the brain endothelial cells, and the role of GLUT1 in glucose utilization in overall brain function. The second article I want to share with you is titled Self-Maintenance of Cardiac Resident Reparative Macrophages Attenuates Doxorubicin-induced Cardiomyopathy Through the SR-A1-c-Myc Axis. The first authors are Hanwen Zhang, Andi Xu, Xuan Sun, and the corresponding author is Qi Chen and the work was completed at Nanjing Medical University in China. Doxorubicin and it's analogues are commonly used chemotherapeutic agents. However, the use of these drugs is limited by dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy presents with dilated and poorly functioning left ventricle in the absence of abnormal loading conditions. This may induce cardiac systolic dysfunction. Accumulating clinical evidence suggests that inflammation contributes to doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy pathogenesis. Several studies suggest that the inhibition of cardiac inflammation can improve cardiac function; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This group wanted to explore the role of cardiac resident macrophages during doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy progression. They found that cardiac resident macrophages were vulnerable to doxorubicin insult but that monocyte-derived macrophages survived. Further, these surviving monocyte-derived macrophages exhibited a proinflammatory phenotype which contributed to impaired cardiac function. Scavenger receptors are expressed on macrophages and help to modulate their inflammatory response. Global, or myeloid-specific deletion of class A1 scavenger receptor, also called SR-A1, inhibited proliferation of resident reparative macrophages and this inhibition exacerbated cardiomyopathy. At the mechanistic level, this group identified that the transcription factor c-Myc mediated the effect of SR-A1 in reparative macrophage proliferation in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy. The last article I want to share with you before we switch to our interviews is titled CITED4 Protects Against Adverse Remodeling in Response to Physiological and Pathological Stress. The first author is Carolin Lerchenmüller and the corresponding author is Anthony Rosenzweig, and they're from Massachusetts General Hospital. Exercise is good for the heart. It increases cardiac mass which is called physiological hypertrophy, which appears to induce cardiac benefits. However, pathological stimuli, such as hypertension and aortic stenosis, can lead to pathological hypertrophy which is associated with adverse outcomes and can lead to heart failure. Cardiac CITED4 is a protein that is induced by exercise and is sufficient to cause physiological hypertrophy and mitigate adverse ventricular remodeling after ischemic injury. However, the role of endogenous CITED4 in response to physiological or pathological stress is unknown. To understand the role of endogenous cardiomyocyte CITED4, this groups generated cardiomyocyte specific knockouts of CITED4. These mice were analyzed at baseline. They were subjected to a swimming protocol which provided physiological stimuli or they underwent transverse aortic constriction, also called TAC, which causes pressure overload and served as the pathological stimulus for heart remodeling. CITED4 knockout mice developed modest cardiac dysfunction and dilation in response to exercise. After TAC, these knockouts developed severe heart failure with left ventricular dilation and impaired cardiomyocyte growth. The study goes on to show that CITED4 protects against pathological cardiac remodeling by regulating mTOR activity and also a network of microRNAs which control cardiomyocyte to fibroblast crosstalk. So for our interview of this episode, I have with me Drs Venugopal Venna and Juneyoung Lee from the Department of Neurology at the McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. Today we're going to be discussing their manuscript titled Gut Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids Promote Post-Stroke Recovery in Aged Mice. Thank you both very much for joining me today. Dr Venu Venna: Thank you Cindy for having us. It's a pleasure. Dr Juneyoung Lee: Yeah, thank you for the opportunity. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: It's a wonderful paper. Actually I really enjoyed the nice graphical abstract, that really made a good visual of what this papers about, so I encourage everyone to go take a peek at that. Could you introduce yourselves and tell us a little bit about your lab group? Dr Venu Venna: Yeah, sure, I'm Venu Venna, it's my third year at McGovern Medical School UT Health, and we are a part of a large research group in the Department of Neurology here. This is headed by Dr Louise McCullough. She's also a co-corresponding author on this paper. Unfortunately she's not here today, but it's basically her idea and her initiative that led us to drive this huge project. We are very excited to share with you more details today. Dr Juneyoung Lee: Hi, my name is Juneyoung Lee. I'm postdoctoral fellow here and I'm working with Dr McCullough and Dr Venna. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: So this manuscript is testing the general hypothesis that the gut microbiome can influence stroke recovery but before we dig into the details of your study, can you give us a little bit of background about what the microbiota gut brain axis is? Dr Venu Venna: That's a great question. Thank you for asking that. So recent advances in 16S sequencing, metagenomics, and metabolic analysis lead us to specifically identify the role of gut microbiota. We have... Everybody consists of large number of microbiota in the gut, so particularly the microbiota's role is largely remains unknown, as of now. The recent advances helped us to understand whether it's for communication of the microbiome, how it actually influences our health, and how the metabolites that are released by the microbiota can actually influence the brain-gut. So this is where the concept of microbiota gut-brain axis continues to evolve and we rely on 16S metagenomics, as well as metabolomics to understand if the microbiome itself has a specific role in the stroke recovery and stroke in this paper. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: Great, so I know that previous research by you specifically, and also you mentioned your fellow corresponding author, Dr Louise McCullough, your prior work has shown that stroke can cause aberrant changes in the gut regarding things like motility, permeability, activation of gut-immune cells. So this to me suggested that aberrant signaling can come from the brain and affect the gut, but your study is kind of now flipping that. You want to ask the question is changing the gut microbiome after the stroke also beneficial? So there's kind of a chicken and egg type conundrum going on. Is there a preceding event, is it the stroke that alters the gut microbiome primarily, or is the gut microbiome maybe deficient in different people and therefore their stroke outcomes are different? Dr Venu Venna: Yeah, I mean this is a very new emerging field and what's very interesting about this is the brain gut microbiota axis, it's a bi-directional axis. In this case, what we think is if we have a stroke, it may actually directly influence the gut. There is a brain-gut axis. At the same time, the changes in the microbiome can actually trigger an inflammatory state where it can actually contribute to the worst stroke outcomes. It's a chicken and egg relationship as you rightly mentioned, but at the same time what is not known is whether if we can simply manipulate the microbiota, can you actually improve the stroke outcomes or can you improve the age associated outcomes? Because what we found in previous studies is age itself causes changes in the microbiome. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: Interesting, so just being young or old, if you were to compare those microbiomes of old individuals and young individuals, you see differences that are I guess negatively impactful on things like stroke and disease? Dr Venu Venna: That's exactly right, so the more imaging data coming out from the literature, not just our group, but all other groups, on humans and animal studies, do suggest that age itself is associated with changes in the gut microbiome. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: So the overall goal of this specific study was to determine if replacing the gut microbiota of an older mouse with the microbiota from a younger mouse would help in the recovery after an ischemic stroke. Can you talk about the design of that study and the different aspects that you had to consider when designing these experiments? Dr Venu Venna: Yeah, absolutely. This was a great question. The initial experiments, like what we were trying to do before, was whether we can actually even manipulate the microbiome in an aged animal. In our previous study, what we did is we took a young animal and we transplanted the biome from an aged animal. We used a combination of antibiotics to actually deplete the existing biome and that's what gave us susceptibility to transplant. Once you transplant the biome into a donor from a host, so the biome can actually sustain for quite a bit of time. This gave us an opportunity to study the direct role of microbiome. Later, what we did was we subjected these animals to the stroke and then what we found is when we induced this stroke in an animal that received aged biome, despite being young, the animal that received aged biome, can itself contribute to the worst stroke outcomes and increased mortality. In this follow-up study, what we decided to do was can we even manipulate the microbiome after stroke? So this is particularly important because most of the clinical patients don't come into medical attention until after stroke. Transplanting the microbiome or even manipulating the microbiome after stroke can have a broader clinical relevance. In this particular study we decided to see if we can actually manipulate the microbiome after several days or several hours after the stroke happens. We decided to test if we can wait for three days. This is a particular time where we can actually see the infarcts get mature and all the injury in all groups of animals are same, and then we transplanted the aged animals with the young microbiome. So this gives us an opportunity to actually study the role of microbiome, independent of infarct. Meaning, all animals have a similar degree of injury, so now whatever the beneficial affects you are seeing because of the microbiome transplant, are potentially due to, not because of the size of the injury, because they have a smaller injury they have better recovery, but it's basically because their infarcts are the same and whatever you're seeing is because of the manipulation of the microbiome. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: Interesting. Juneyoung, would you like to tell me a little bit about what you found then? Using these interesting fecal transplant models, what are the key results that you found in this study? Dr Juneyoung Lee: Great question. As Dr Venna explained, we treated young biome to aged stroke mice, after stroke. We found that young biome contributes to better behavior outcomes and they regulate the immune system in the brain and the gut and increase the short term brain-gut axis in the aged stroke recipient mice. One interesting finding is that we found dominant T-cells, which are very small number of T-cells in the host, but they secrete proinflammatory cytokines which is IL-17. Cytokines exacerbate new inflammation in the brain so if we treat the young biome, we found that the level of proinflammatory cytokine IL-17 decrease cytokines compared to aged biome. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: You also focused on short-chain fatty acids, SCFA producing bacteria. What is it about these short-chain fatty acids that are beneficial and what are the signaling pathways that you found to be activated or things that were present that helped to promote better stroke recovery? Dr Juneyoung Lee: Short-chain fatty acids are key metabolites produced by bacterial fermentation of dietary fiber in the gut. These are suspected to play an important role in microbiota gut-brain crosstalk. Also, in our previous study we found that young fecal biome has higher levels of short-chain fatty acid compared to aged biome so we think that the short-chain fatty acid has a beneficial role in our mild level stroke. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: So are you focusing more on identifying the metabolites or trying to move into humans? What do you think the next step of this vein of research is? Dr Venu Venna: So what we think is right now, this is a very interesting and fascinating finding, even for us. We're trying to understanding what other metabolites could be involved and what other ways as you previously asked, what other pathways these bacteria itself are triggering or contributing to actually enhance this recovery, that's what we are seeing from the young microbiome. As a future direction, we are also seeing if this transplant of biome can have a broader therapeutic relevance, meaning is it only specific to the stroke related outcomes or can it be beneficial in large settings of other age relate diseases like what we are seeing, again as I mentioned before like age related diseases such as... Many age related diseases like cognitive dementia, or Parkinson's disease, any neurodegenerative disease. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: Well thank you, Drs Venu Venna and Juneyoung Lee for joining me today. I really appreciate it and congratulations again on this wonderful story. Dr Venu Venna: Thank you very much for having us, Cindy, and for this work I would like to acknowledge the funding agency. This work is funded by NIH and also the American Heart Association, both for my Scientist Development Grant and also as well as for Juneyoung Lee's postdoctoral fellowship. This funding helped us to perform these highly innovative studies in gut microbiome axis. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: Wonderful. Yes, well, we love seeing AHA funded research published in AHA journals, so thank you. Right so now we're going to have our interview with the BCVS Outstanding Early Career Investigator Award competition finalists. I have with me today, Shyam Bansal from Ohio State University, Emmanouil Tampakakis from Johns Hopkins University, and Yang Zhou from the University of Alabama, Birmingham. So congratulations to all of you for being recognized for your outstanding science. These topics are great. The timing of T-cells activity in chronic heart failure, sympathetic neuron signaling, circadian genes and cardiomyocyte proliferation, and the identification of a transcription factor that helps promote maturation of reprogrammed cardiomyocytes. So, Dr Bansal, your abstract that's recognized, is titled Novel Inhibitors For Temporal Modulation Of T-lymphocytes During Chronic Heart Failure. Where was this study conducted and where are you now? Dr Shyam Bansal: Right now I'm at Ohio State University. I joined here in July 2019 and I've been setting up my lab. While doing that, we conducted all this work. This work, most of it is done here, and we have been looking to identify certain inhibitors that can be used for T-cell modulation. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: Excellent so why should I care about T-cells in the heart? And what did you all find in this paper? Dr Shyam Bansal: The right question is why shouldn't you? T-cells are coming out to be involved in almost every chronic disease. We have heard about CAR T-cell therapy. Recently it revolutionized the whole cancer research field. The heart failure and cardiovascular diseases has also been realizing the importance of T-cells. They're important in a way because they are kind of a two-edged blade. They are protective because we need them to initiate those wound healing cascades so the tissue can regain its original function. But then, too much activation of T-cells can be injurious and lead to autoimmune reactions. In 2017 I published a paper during my postdoc with Dr Sumanth Prabhu at UAB where we showed that these T-cells get activated during chronic heart failure. It's a double-sided activation to get activated immediately after injury but then they go down and they come back again, during chronic heart failure. That's where the two-edged blade comes into picture. If you alter these T-cells during this acute phase, during the cardiac infarction, the animals always do worse, right? They are protective because they are needed for wound healing pathways. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: We can't just stop them at the start, we need to fine tune. Dr Shyam Bansal: Yes. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: So what's this temporal aspect you looked at? Dr Shyam Bansal: So that's what we found in my postdoc in 2017 paper. If you inhibit these during the chronic phase, in mouse, in rodents, it was whole weeks after infarction, then you can actually stop maladaptive remodeling. You can complete shut it down, it doesn't get better but you at least shut it down completely. We did those studies by using some antibodies, again CD4+ T-cells, and using genetic mouse models. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: So do you think anything that you found can quickly or soon translate to humans? Dr Shyam Bansal: That's exactly what we did after we came here, right? So we compared what happens during this chronic heart failure, what happens to these T-cells. We identified one molecular pathway that's associated with receptor signaling, being activated in these T-cells. The interesting thing is, these T-cells came from male mice, not from females. Still, they had strong activation of the surge in receptor signaling. We found a drug molecule that can activate another pathway that inhibits this pathway, so indirectly we're able to inhibit this pathway. We did those studies and found that we can actually stop T-cells from getting activated during chronic heart failure and when we do that, this drug can actually, again, inhibit left ventricular remodeling significantly. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: Wow. Dr Shyam Bansal: And if you give this drug early in myocardial infarction, again, animals died. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: It's going to be very important to fine tune when that drug could potentially be administered to humans. Dr Shyam Bansal: Yes, and that's the first drug in our knowledge that can actually target specific antigen activated T-cells. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: Super exciting, well congratulations again. Well done and well earned. Dr Tampakakis, your study is titled Sympathetic Innervation Negatively Regulates Postnatal Cardiomyocyte Proliferation Through Circadian Genes. So where was this conducted and what position are you in now? Dr Emmanouil Tampakakis: This research was conducted at Johns Hopkins University and I'm currently part of the... I'm Assistant Professor within the Division of Cardiology in the School of Medicine. Pretty much for my curiosity and the fact that we know a lot about the role of neurons for adult heart disease but we really don't know what much about neurons are doing at the neonatal stages in heart development. We know at least in preterm babies where the innervation is really affected, some of them do develop changes in their heart geometry, and there might be a role there, plus there is some data to suggest that the autonomic nervous system does manipulate or does affect the neonatal heart regeneration. The role of neurons to me was really intriguing. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: So this is linking together sympathetic nervous signaling, circadian genes, and postnatal cardiomyocyte proliferation. Why do I care about all these things fitting together? Dr Emmanouil Tampakakis: Yes, so apart from the fact that it's fascinating knowing that each individual organ has in their body its own circadian genes that regulate actually, several functions. Without being affected by the central nervous system and what's happening in the hypothalamus, which to me is really fascinating, is we really don't know much about what actually regulates and synchronizes the circadian cycle of the heart. We, in this study, showing that actually the innervation that happens in neonatal stages, already aaffects how certain genes are circulating within the heart. That appears to be through one of the adrenergic pseudoephedrine way that the sympathetic nerves are secreted. Again, by affecting this, we are showing that there is more proliferation of neonatal cardiomyocytes which can be important for disease at later time points, and we're also showing that if you mess up two specific circadian genes, Period 1 and Period 2, that are transcription regulators, and are some of the masterminds of this phenomenon, you can actually still affect neonatal cardiomyocyte proliferation which can be important for diseases like heart degeneration and whether we're thinking about manipulating other pathways to induce more regeneration and induce healing in the heart. The novelty of our work is we see that there's a link between that cell cycle and the circadian genes, at least at neonatal time points when myocytes proliferate a little more. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: So neat. Congratulations again, it's a wonderful story and I'm really happy it's being recognized. And Dr Zhou, you're being recognized for your work that's titled TBX20 Activates Cardiac Maturation Gene Programs Promoting Direct Human Cardiac Reprogramming. So where was this study started and where are you now? Dr Yang Zhou: So I started as an Assistant Professor of Biomedical Engineering at UAB in January 2019. Before I moved to Birmingham, I did my postdoc training at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in Dr Li Qian's lab. I basically studied direct cardiac programming which directly convert non-myocyte cell type to the functional cardiomyocytes. I did a lot of work and found the epigenetic barriers and I find that the features of these direct programming cells and almost in the mouse cells, but we know that we have to move that to the human cells, so then when I moved to Birmingham and then I studied the cardio programming from the cells. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: Excellent, so your study is looking for ways to really kind of push the direct conversion of cardiomyocytes into a more fully differentiated state. Why is that an important question and what did you find in this study? Dr Yang Zhou: Yeah, it is still challenging to gather a functional beating cardiomyocytes from human fibroblast by the direct reprogramming method. We want to get the functional cardiomyocytes to do the cell therapy. Also this method has promise to do the in situ heart regeneration because we use the transcription factors we can inject these factors to the injured heart then directly convert those cardiac fibroblasts into the cardiomyocytes. So we have to study, we have to know how to get the functional work that cardiomyocytes. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: That is so neat. So really you're hoping to harness those fibroblasts in the heart that everyone kind of ignores because they're not contractile and you're hoping to really take them and transition them to these fully functioning beating cardiomyocytes. Dr Yang Zhou: Right, so we know that the stuff we are coding are very important for the contractility, the myocyte contractility, so we find that a lot of missing protein expression in the current direct programming cells, so my hypothesis is they might be missing key regulators and can promote expression of those coding in the genes. My computational analysis of the transcription data, I find that this T-box, transcription factor Tbx20, that can highly promote those unexpressed genes in the reprogrammed human cardiomyocyte. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: That's wonderful. Well congratulations again on some excellent work. So I want to ask you all, early career question, you're all within I think the first couple years of starting up your lab, and we're in the midst of a pandemic which means none of us are in the labs. Maybe staff is at reduced numbers, but first, how's it going? And second is, you're kind of still fresh in terms of transitioning. So I'm wondering if there's any one piece of advice that you'd like to share with maybe someone who's in the middle of transitioning or just about to. Or if there's something you wish you knew ahead of time that you'd love to tell your pre-faculty self? Dr Emmanouil Tampakakis: Yeah, I don't know if I can give advice, already I think I'm too junior to do this. I would say that- Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: What, too traumatized? Dr Emmanouil Tampakakis: Maybe. Probably, or will be traumatized, but I would say for me at least, the things that kept me sane during this is my son, who's three and a half years old and lives in a complete different world, so that helps me balance what's happening out there. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: That's so important. Dr Emmanouil Tampakakis: Probably some good alcohol at the end of the day but both those two things combined actually helped me maintain my sanity. In terms of advice, I would say to try to enjoy science. Try to stay focused and productive and at the end of the day, enjoy what you do. I think that if you are creative and if you like what you do, find the right people to collaborate and work with and you can hope that you will do well. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: I agree. Excellent advice. Dr Shyam Bansal: I also have two kids, three years and eight years old, so we were at home for two and a half months or so. I think those kids were really helpful in keeping my sanity because the weather was getting better so we had to put in a swing set for them, get some play items and stuff, so they kept me busy. That was good that way. The advice that I will have for junior investigators is be collaborative. Try to see how you can help others because when you help others, others are ready to help you as well. Remember science is a collaborative field, the more you collaborate with people, the more you get to know many more stuff. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: I think that's so important. Dr Shyam Bansal: I was able to get done a lot of whatever work we presented. I was able to set up my lab, get some work done, and be at a position that I was able to summit my first abstract to BCVS for my independent own work, just because I had good collaborations here. I had good people who helped me stand on my feet and obviously I was working and helping them also. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: Yeah, and it also sounds like you have good colleagues so that's another key to it. Dr Shyam Bansal: Yeah, I'm really lucky that way. Our whole department is really great. We have several senior faculty who are always ready to help us out in whatever issues we have, personal, professional, scientific, they're always here for us. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: That's great. Yang, how about you? Dr Yang Zhou: I think the pandemic is very challenging for our junior faculty and for research and career developments but we have to balance between the work and the family, like kids. You might have an issue because we have two PIs in our lab. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: Oh gosh. Dr Yang Zhou: Yeah, but I learned a lot these two years before this position. I think the most important thing I feel like is you have to talk to people. You always can find people that can help you to find answers. You need a mentor because they are more senior, they have more experience, even in this pandemic, if you find someone to share even just your feelings, that's very helpful. Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: We're almost lucky that this happened now where we can have platforms like Zoom, and Adobe Connect, where we can have these virtual conferences because at least on all the different committees I'm on, ATVB and BCVS, we can have these discussions and break-out sessions, so I think it's really... We're lucky it's happening now and not 1997 when there's no video. Dr Yang Zhou: Concerns... We all feel that the University and the Department, they all responded very quickly and they have much more support here than before. Dr Emmanouil Tampakakis: As a more senior, what advice can you give us as a more senior person? Dr Cindy St. Hilaire: Oh gosh, more senior? Well thank you. My advice? I definitely agree on the collaboration, I think that's key. Finding sponsors is equally important, someone who's going to go to bat for you. Finding a safety net where you can send someone a half-baked game page and have them tell you just how bad it is and be honest and be willing to give you that kind of critical feedback is really important. Building your network is key, and getting involved in societies and getting people to know you independently from your former mentor, I think is really critical. Yes, you want to collaborate but you also got to make sure that you have your own path in the sand, to make sure you can move forward independently, and have fun while you're doing it, like you said. Great, well I wish you all the best of luck. Congratulations again on being recognized and I'll see you on the BCVS webinar. That's it for our highlights from the late July and early August issues from Circulation Research. Thank you for listening. Please check out the Circulation Research Facebook page and follow us on Twitter and on Instagram with the handle @CircRes and #discoverCircRes. Thank you to our guests, Drs Venu Venna and Juneyoung Lee, and to the BCVS Outstanding Early Career Investigator Finalists, Shyam Bansal, Emmanouil Tampakakis, and Yang Zhou. This podcast is produced by Rebecca McTavish and Ishara Ratnayake, edited by Melissa Stoner, and supported by the editorial team at Circulation Research. Some of the copy text for the highlighted articles is provided by Ruth Williams. I'm your host, Dr Cindy St. Hilaire and this is Discover CircRes, your on-the-go source for the most exciting discoveries in basic cardiovascular research.  

Talk to a Dr. Berg Keto Consultant today and get the help you need on your journey (free consultation). Call 1-540-299-1557 with your questions about Keto, Intermittent Fasting, or the use of Dr. Berg products. Consultants are available Monday through Friday from 8 AM to 10 PM EST. Saturday & Sunday from 9 AM to 6 PM EST. USA Only. Get Dr. Berg's Veggie Solution today! • Flavored (Sweetened) - https://shop.drberg.com/veggie-solution-flavored-sweetened?utm_source=Podcast&utm_medium=AGM(Anchor) • Plain (Unflavored) - https://shop.drberg.com/veggie-solution-plain?utm_source=Podcast&utm_medium=AGM(Anchor) Take Dr. Berg's Free Keto Mini-Course! In this podcast, Dr. Berg talks about the only carbohydrate that has the potential to lower your insulin. The gut microbes in the large intestine eat fiber as their primary food and turn it into short-chain fatty acid or SCFA. One of the short-chain fatty acids is called butyric acid. Benefits of Butyric Acid: • Improves Insulin Resistance • Primary Energy Source for Colon Cells • Decreases Inflammation • Decreases Risk of Colon Disease • Increases Glutathione • Neuroprotective Properties (Brain) Dr. Eric Berg DC Bio: Dr. Berg, 51 years of age is a chiropractor who specializes in weight loss through nutritional & natural methods. His private practice is located in Alexandria, Virginia. His clients include senior officials in the U.S. government & the Justice Department, ambassadors, medical doctors, high-level executives of prominent corporations, scientists, engineers, professors, and other clients from all walks of life. He is the author of The 7 Principles of Fat Burning. FACEBOOK: fb.me/DrEricBerg?utm_source=Podcast&utm_medium=Anchor TWITTER: http://twitter.com/DrBergDC?utm_source=Podcast&utm_medium=Post&utm_campaign=Daily%20Post YOUTUBE: http://www.youtube.com/user/drericberg123?utm_source=Podcast&utm_medium=Anchor DR. BERG'S SHOP: https://shop.drberg.com/?utm_source=Podcast&utm_medium=Anchor MESSENGER: https://www.messenger.com/t/drericberg?utm_source=Podcast&utm_medium=Anchor DR. BERG'S VIDEO BLOG: https://www.drberg.com/blog?utm_source=Podcast&utm_medium=Anchor

The Forensic Nutritionist Podcast An investigative approach into health and wellbeing by Fiona Tuck Episode 25 - Christine Stewart - SCFA's and postbiotics explained

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.06.09.141879v1?rss=1 Authors: Colombo, A. V., Sadler, R. K., Llovera, G., Singh, V., Roth, S., Heindl, S., Sebastian Monasor, L., Verhoeven, A., Peters, F., Parhizkar, S., Kamp, F., Gomez de Aguero, M., Macpherson, A., Winkler, E., Herms, J., Benakis, C., Dichgans, M., Steiner, H., Giera, M., Haass, C., Tahirovic, S., Liesz, A. Abstract: Previous studies have identified a crucial role of the gut microbiome in modifying Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. However, the mechanisms of microbiome-brain interaction in AD, including the microbial mediators and their cellular targets in the brain, were so far unknown. Here, we identify microbiota-derived short chain fatty acids (SCFA) as key metabolites along the gut-brain axis in AD. Germ-free (GF) AD mice exhibit a substantially reduced A{beta} plaque load and markedly reduced SCFA plasma concentrations; conversely, SCFA supplementation to GF AD mice was sufficient to increase the A{beta} plaque load to levels of conventionally colonized animals. While A{beta} generation was only mildly affected, we observed strong microglial activation and upregulation of ApoE upon the SCFA supplementation. Taken together, our results demonstrate that microbiota-derived SCFA are the key mediators along the gut-brain axis resulting in increased microglial activation, ApoE upregulation and A{beta} deposition. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info

Functional Naturopath Dan Sipple is back on the show with Mason today to discuss the intricaces of gut health. The pair explore the methods you can use to optimise your health and build a rocking microbiome.  "You're the custodian of your microbiome. Look after it, learn how to nurture it, learn what affects it.. You want to pass that on to your kiddies. So do right by it and live long and prosper." Dan Sipple (inspired by Dr. Jason Hawrelak) Mason and Dan discuss: The origins of your personal gut bacteria and the critical life stages in which your microbiome is influenced. Gut health and pregnancy preparation. What to look out for when purchasing a probiotic supplement. Preboitics and botanical dietary variation as long term strategies for sustainable microbiome health. The lifestyle factors that damage health. The danger of restrictive diets, particularly those deficient in dietary fibre. The types of prebiotic fibre and what foods contain them (see resource section below for specifics) The benefits of short chain fatty acids (SCFA's) such as butyrate. The pros and cons of fermented foods. Soluble and insoluble fibre. How to create a gut friendly plate. Colonics and enemas. The various microbiomes within the body as a whole e.g. the scalp, the mouth, skin etc. Essential oils and the disastrous antimicrobial action they can have on the microbiome.   Who is Dan Sipple? Dan is a also known as The Functional Naturopath who uses cutting-edge evidence-based medicine. Experienced in modalities such as herbal nutritional medicine, with a strong focus on environmental health and longevity, Dan has a wealth of knowledge in root-dysfunction health.    Resources: Dan Website Dan Instagram   Gut Health Podcast 1 Gut Health Podcast 2 Candida And Medicinal Mushrooms Podcast  Vaginal Steaming Podcast Microbia Lab Testing Missing Microbes Book Prebiotic Foods: Inulin/Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) – asparagus, dandelion, onion, garlic, leek , chicory, burdock, artichoke. Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) – legumes, beans, beets, lentils, etc. Pectin - apples, bananas, potatoes, berries. Resistant Starch - green bananas, cooked cooled potatoes, plantains, sorghum, sweet potatoes.  Polyphenols - the skins of dark fruits/veg best e.g. pomegranate, blackberries etc. Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum (PHGG). Polysaccharides/beta glucans - medicinal mushrooms, oats etc Strain Specific Probiotics - What Strain For What Condition:   Leaky Gut/Strengthing The Ingregrity Of Gut Lining Saccharomyces boularrdii Lactobacillus rhamnonsus GG Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 1224 Bifidobacterium longum BB536   Establishing A Healthy Microbiome - Mums and Bubs Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Bifidobacterium breve M-16v Bifidobacterium longum BB536 Bifidobacterium animalis BB-12 Maintaining General Gut Health - Kids and Adults L.rhamnosus LGG Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM Bifidobacterium lactis Bi-07 Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis HN019 Rebuilding Microbiome Post Antibiotics Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis BB-12 Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Saccharomyces cerevisiae (boulardii) (SB) Allergies / Autoimmunity Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Lactobacillus paracasei LP33 Poor Immunity / Recurrent infections Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM Bifidobacterium lactis Bi-07 Lactobacillus plantarum HEAL9 Lactobacillus paracasei 8700:2 Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 IBS Lactobacillus plantarum 299V   Candida / Dysbiosis Saccharomyces cerevisiae (boulardii) (SB) Bifidobacterium lactis Bi-07   Metabolic health/Weight Loss Bifidobacterium animalis spp. lactis B420 Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis HN019   Q: How Can I Support The SuperFeast Podcast?   A: Tell all your friends and family and share online! We’d also love it if you could subscribe and review this podcast on iTunes. Or  check us out on Stitcher :)! Plus  we're on Spotify!   Check Out The Transcript Here:   Mason:   (00:01) Hey everybody, welcoming SuperFeast podcast, favourite special friend Dan Sipple. Hey man.   Dan Sipple:   (00:09) Hi buddy. How you doing?   Mason:  (00:10) Yeah, really good. Really stoked to be having this conversation with you. It's been a little bit since we've had a podcast. You guys are cooking a baby? You know that happend since...   Dan Sipple:  (00:20) It's been a while.   Mason:  (00:21) Since our last chat. Yeah, that makes it a long while. Maybe we didn't realise you're in the early stages of baking.   Dan Sipple:  (00:27) Yeah baking again. It's good. It's nice and timely but with a good microbiome rehash because it's all so fresh in the mind.   Mason:  (00:36) Yeah. Sweet. So guys, we get a lot of people asking around gut health and Dan and I did a two part like a mega dive into gut health. We'll put the links to that in the show notes. We also did a real good conversation with Sage around candida and fungal infection, which crossed over a lot with a lot of big gut information and seemed like the missing piece was coming out of the FAQ we get around.   Mason:  (01:07) Which probiotic should I be taking? Should I be doing sauerkrauts and fermented foods? What's the best diet to support a microbiome, so on and so forth. And Dan and I got jamming about it a little bit when we realised we had a pretty mega podcasts that we could probably hash out. And so that's what we want to talk about.   Mason:  (01:23) We want to dance around the microbiome, the clinical setting of getting your gut health back into balance. What does that look like? And then what does that look like after the clinical setting, clinical probiotics perhaps. Diets and extreme diets and how they cross over into being for and against a long term strong microbiome, and when it's time to cruise over into more of a lifestyle diet, that's generally going to support many areas of the body, like our cellular metabolism and various organs.   Mason:  (01:58) But as well as that a microbiome and see some of the pitfalls that can come about when we over identify and go a little bit too long in a diet that's a little bit extreme. So yeah, I'm really looking forward to it because it's brought it up for me as well. Just like, all right, what's my long, because I think I'm doing really well in myself to not be overly identified with a dietary system. It's taken a lot for me over the years and just really just setting in, nestling into the home and the home cooking vibe and just making sure I've got all my little principles and while maintaining my particular healthy foods that I like, romance in the kitchen, creating a diet, which I think is going to be sustainable over decades and decades, but what are those little principles and distinctions to ensure that I'm really rocking my microbiome as I go along. But it doesn't need to be an extremism in doing one thing or another. So, yeah, any thoughts for you going into this podcast in the beginning before we dive into the first topic?   Dan Sipple:  (03:09) I think it'd just be a good opportunity, like you say, just to really look at it over the course of a lifestyle as we spoke about designing a lifestyle that supports a healthy microbiome from basically mum's gut health from our infancy as kids and then right through the teenage years and early adulthood and into the older years and having a longevity plan because there's definitely challenging time periods I feel like throughout the course of a human's life where for instance, like mode of birth, that's one of the biggest ones, whether the baby is a C-section or a natural birth.   Dan Sipple:  (03:51) And then as the immune system is developing in childhood, all that exposure to different microbes and lots of chance to pick up different bugs and whatnot. So, the chances of going on things as a child like antibiotics from say two years of age to eight years of age is another critical point. And then I feel like again, in the teenage years when people tend to throw caution to the wind and really tests their microbiome. Test their gut barrier function. The insults that get thrown at it, that's another critical time point that I guess as a clinician you see those patterns emerge quite often in people's stories. It's like you'd be doing a case history with someone. First question I usually lead with and all my patients will know this is birth mode.   Dan Sipple:  (04:40) How are we birthed? Was it a C-section, was it natural? What was mum's health like? Does mum have gut issues, et cetera. And the reason we ask around that is because every human's microbiome on the planet is their mum's. That's how it gets passed down. And essentially if you're vaginally birth, then you're seeded through that process. That's where your microbiome in your gut is seeded for life. So that's very, very critical. Hence why with birth modes that differ to that. So C-section for example, which is medically necessary in a lot of cases, don't get me wrong, but that can be a very initiating disturbance to long term gut issues or long term risk in terms of inflammatory conditions.   Dan Sipple:  (05:28) So in a nutshell, vaginal birth, lower risk of inflammatory conditions, gut conditions, skin conditions, et cetera, C-section higher risk. And then that flows over to whether you're bottle fed or breastfed. Same deal.   Dan Sipple:  (05:45) So yeah, going back to what I was saying, the infancy period, the teenage period. I feel like once you're in adulthood and life slows down a little bit, that's probably less... There's always going to be exceptions to the rule but there's probably less risk factors there. But it's generally speaking, anytime there's those big quantum leaps in development I reckon, you might want to be mindful.   Mason:  (06:09) They create little forks in the road and you can go down a particular trajectory with your health, and as you said, teenage years, it's when you are there to test yourself. You've got a lot of Jing and Kidney Essence in the system. But sometimes we don't have a conversation in our culture about just how far past the barrier we go a lot of the time. And respecting that you really... It's not a moral conversation. I don't have to feel bad and we can always do what we can to get back into balance. But it's very hard to heal something when we've gone into a real extreme. We've really tested ourselves too far and we've literally gone down a trajectory with our health from say that a critical period when we're teenagers. We've set ourselves down a path because we've tested too far.   Mason:  (06:54) The barrier in the gut's been, we've smashed through it, right? And therefore we are leaving ourselves susceptible to lowering the good bacteria and basically heading down an inflammatory. Just an Inferno. You just can't stop it. And it takes a lot to cool it at that point. So, all right, sweet.   Mason:  (07:16) So I like the fact that we've started off with that pregnancy preparation. So, although we start there and of course it's going to be the best to make sure that guts absolutely rocking in that preparation period, that everything that we're going to be talking about in this podcast is getting a little bit contributing to that conversation. What to do if you're preparing to get pregnant. And something we always say is regardless of your situation, you should be preparing to be as fertile as possible because that shows you've got fertile ground and you've got the JIng and the microbiome regardless of whether you're going to get pregnant.   Mason:  (07:52) So that's relevant for everyone. So that's going to come and then anything you want to say a little bit more about the birth mode and just the intricacies of a vaginal birth and how that can set you up for success bacterially?   Dan Sipple:  (08:04) Yeah, I think like you touched on preconception is a big one. So making sure mum's microbiome is as optimised as possible is always a great idea. And that concept is becoming really, really prominent and important. But like even 10 years ago, people just weren't necessarily having those conversations. But you talk to naturopaths that have been practising for 20 years and it's like they'll all tell you a lot of couples come in now for preconception. It's awesome.   Dan Sipple:  (08:36) I've got one couple down in Tilba. They're living off grid and doing so many good things to support the birth of the next baby. I remember a couple of weeks ago, I said, "How long have we got? Basically, when do you want to start trying?" And they were like, "Six months, nine months or something like that." I'm like, "Awesome. That's great. No pressure. We've got six months to do that." That's ample time versus when you see a patient who's had three or four miscarriages for example, and mum's 35 and she's under pressure.   Dan Sipple:  (09:10) So yeah, the longer the better. And that allows us to really, really look at the things that might be impacting that person's gut health. So for example, diet, environment, stress, medication, et cetera, et cetera. For the people that are interested, I always, as a clinician, love to see actually what bugs are in their gut and run a full microbiome assessment.   Mason:  (09:37) Who do you do that with these days?   Dan Sipple:  (09:40) I'm using microba which are an Australian based company up in Queensland and they're using technology called shotgun metagenomics, which is still DNA based assessments rather than culture.   Dan Sipple:  (09:53) We used to culture the stool years and years ago, but they worked out at some time point that you can only see about 30% of gut microbes using that culture. So the majority of even mainstream gastroenterologists are all in agreeance now that DNA testing is where it's at. That allows you to see, don't get me wrong, there's still bugs that come up that are unidentified, basically. We know they're there and we know what percentage of their in, but we just don't know what roles they play. But the science is catching up with them. So with this particular company, you'll get a section of the results say CAG 1456 or whatever it's like that means nothing. But if you check that in six months time, they'll probably know what that does. And I'll continually update the reports. That's really funky. It's cool.   Mason:  (10:38) Do you need to go through a clinician to get that test or is that available to the public as well?   Dan Sipple:  (10:43) Good question. I have a feeling it's available to all because I know that when you do order it and you log in to check your results, there's a general overview section, which is for the user. And then there's the practitioner section, which really dives deep into detail. So, yeah, I'm fairly certain that it's across the board for everyone.   Mason:  (11:03) Yeah sweet. So then getting to a vaginal birth, I feel like a lot of people are going to be, I've heard this. The mucosal lining through the whole vaginal canal is basically swabbing, seeding, all that bacterial complexity through the mouth, through the nose. Is there anything going on via, if there is a C- section, is there any recreating all of that? Is there-   Dan Sipple:  (11:35) Yeah.   Mason:  (11:35) ... enough going in through. There is? Through the vaginal canal? I mean of course it's all there?   Dan Sipple:  (11:40) Yeah, some still gets through. A small portion gets through. So, there is-   Mason:  (11:43) But I mean going and taking what's in the vaginal canal if possible. Even if there's a C-section and then running that along the orifices of the baby.   Dan Sipple:  (11:52) Ah, okay. Yeah, yeah, absolutely. And that's what I always recommend patients to try for. Get a good doula who can advocate. In mainstream hospital settings, it's still looked upon as a bit on the fringe and a bit odd by mainstream practitioners, but absolutely. The name of that actual, escapes me at this time point. But yeah, essentially by swabbing that area and then applying it to bub's skin and orifices and that sort of thing, you do mitigate a lot of that loss. So yeah, absolutely. I'd definitely recommend that.   Mason:  (12:32) This might be a bit fringe, this is just like an experimental kind of thing. What's the benefit of that when we get a little bit older as well?   Dan Sipple:  (12:42) Yeah, yeah. We don't know.   Mason:  (12:46) I guess that's what they say when all those, the sexologist blogs came out about it being really good for guys going down on girls and so on and so forth and really advocating for it it's like a really healthy treat.   Dan Sipple:  (13:01) Yeah. I have no doubt that it's going to increase diversity of bugs, which is always a good thing. Just want to make sure-   Mason:  (13:08) There's no dysbiosis in the first place.   Dan Sipple:  (13:09) Exactly.   Mason:  (13:11) Yeah, yeah. There's a good podcast there about vaginal steaming in that and we'll put that in the show notes as well. Not making any claims but always a fun little conversation there. So, moving on from birth mode, we get to breastfeeding. I feel like this is one, if you find a crone in the medical system that's saying that there's no difference between bottle feeding and breastfeeding, I feel like even a majority of the institution will disagree, which is a really nice thing to see. Institutionalised dieticians are probably still the fossils that aren't going to... So just in case you come across someone that's like, "Look, there's no difference." Good red flag.   Dan Sipple:  (13:57) Massive red flag.   Mason:  (13:58) Yeah, red flag should be like out with you. So I mean naturally, breast milk is just loaded, right? Just loaded with immunological factors and bacteria.   Dan Sipple:  (14:09) Oh, to the thousandth degree. You cannot match what that contains and the spectrum of what they call HMOs. Human Milk Oligosaccharides, prebiotics essentially. They are trying now of course to start trying to mimic and throw into formulas to add some prebiotic action in there. Which you know-   Mason:  (14:31) It's not a bad thing.   Dan Sipple:  (14:32) It's not a bad thing. Of course. That's right.   Mason:  (14:34) Because there's instances where we know it's not possible. Milk dries up, so on and so forth. You might as well make the best of an unfortunate situation.   Dan Sipple:  (14:45) Yeah, that's right.   Mason:  (14:46) Especially if there's no, is it wet nurse, especially if you can't get access to a wet nurse,, which is very difficult in this current setting.   Dan Sipple:  (14:55) Exactly. Exactly. And then of course there's things a mum can do dietarily to help influence the composition of the breastfeeding mum's that is to improve, flow and the composition of that breast milk such as pre and probiotics, which are beneficial particularly for babies that are young and they might have, say for example a baby that is birthed vaginally and is getting breastfed but for whatever reason picked up an infection and had to have antibiotics in the first week of life.   Dan Sipple:  (15:25) The good thing is that whilst you might not necessarily be able to get a capsule down that baby's throat, a mum can take a probiotic capsule or prebiotic capsule or powder or whatever and you'll get maternal transfer essentially through that milk.   Mason:  (15:40) We're going to go through and talk about all the different prebiotics and probiotics. Dietary and supplement based that you can be using if that's the question. Because it is always that question which probiotic do I take and which prebiotic do I take?   Mason:  (15:55) And I guess there's a sliding scale between all right, is there something clinically that we're actually trying to do to counter a dysbiosis or an infection? Or are we just trying to upkeep for general, the mum might be perfectly fine and just want to make sure that the breast milk is absolutely optimised. So we'll go down that wrung. And along that sliding scale and I guess in that instance it's going to fall more again into the diet, more of a general throw a wide net supplementation if they want to do it for pre and pros. So we'll just say anyone's listening in going, just tell me which one to take it if I'm in that situation. That's coming. So anything else you need to say on that?   Dan Sipple:  (16:35) I just wanted to add there to your point that yeah, I really want to just get the message across that probiotics are just probiotics and we'll talk about strain specificity and stuff like that. But I think it really pays to see a clinician that knows what they're doing with particular strains. And so for anyone who doesn't know what I'm talking about with the probiotic, you've got a genus a species and then a strain.   Dan Sipple:  (17:01) So take lactobacillus acidophilus for example. Lactobacillus is the genus, acidophilus is the species, and then what comes after that, which isn't always written on probiotic labels, actually carries all the weight. So that's your first red flag. If you're taking a probiotic or you're thinking about taking probiotics, you're looking at different products and whatnot, and then not mentioning that third component, you're just seeing the first two words essentially, that's a bit of a red flag because two strains within the same species can have completely different actions.   Dan Sipple:  (17:35) And a good example there is like E. coli. So Escherichia coli, Nissle 1917, the strain, great for colitis and a whole range of conditions. Escherichia coli in another strain can cause watery, bloody diarrhoea and make you really sick. So strain absolutely matters. I think there's a lot of companies out there that will probably skimp on that a little bit. And might be paying for inferior strains and then extrapolating research that's been done on good strains. And when you look at a label, unless the strain is written down there, you don't know what you're getting.   Mason:  (18:13) How's it going to be written? So is it going to be in a third in bracket, they're going to say what the actual strain is after the bacteria?   Dan Sipple:  (18:19) Exactly. Exactly. So a common one. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG. So GG, that's the strain. That's the one with the research. If you pick up a product and it says Lactobacillus rhamnosus and nothing else after that, red flag. Yeah.   Mason:  (18:34) So in that instance you want to be able to talk to the... I'm sure maybe you can get a good health food store owner that's really onboard and has naturopathic skills or something like that or then if not, you can go to the actual company and start asking them what their actual strains are.   Dan Sipple:  (18:50) Yes, yes.   Mason:  (18:51) And is that the difference between you go for one that's actually super specific and you know for you particularly from all the research and just how you feel you want particular strains. Therefore you have a particular company that you don't like to buy your probiotic supplementation from because if you are not really... Look, I don't really mind, I just want lots of different strains in this. A bit more like a wild fermentation going on, where rather than just them buying a specific cheap strain of bacteria and putting that in versus them going, "Look, there's a huge variety of bacteria and strains that are going in." but I guess that's going to be then determined by what starter they are they're using in their fermentation process.   Mason:  (19:36) Is there validity of going, "Right. I don't want that specificity, but I want something that's a more of a wild ferment, but I want it supplemented I don't want to be having that in fermented foods as much. Can't rely on it."   Dan Sipple:  (19:50) Yeah, so if I'm honest, it is a little bit of a myth that taking a multi-strain probiotic is going to confer more health benefits. People seem to, I guess have a bit of a, what am I trying to say here? When someone looks at a strain that is just literally a unique strain in a probiotic, I think there's a potential for some people to think that that does very little when that couldn't be further from the truth. Sometimes literally just one strain can have extremely pivotal actions and benefits in the gut.   Dan Sipple:  (20:26) So more isn't always better. Having said that, you do want to make sure that if you are just doing one single strain that the number of colony forming units does meet the minimum requirement. But yeah, back to your point, I would get nervous of any company that isn't writing any of the strains down.   Dan Sipple:  (20:45) And then if you get in touch with and they're cagey about that information, that's another sure sign. And that happens all the time. Using a company like Metagenics, I use a few different companies and clinic here, but Metagenics are a good example of a company that do list the strain always and they've only got a handful of strains that they use probably around 10 or 12 at the most. And within that range they've got maybe eight or nine different types of probiotics. And so some contain two or three strains only, one of their multi strains is only five strains. And then they've got some just single rockstar strains with really good research. So yeah, more species, not necessarily better.   Mason:  (21:27) [crosstalk 00:21:28].   Dan Sipple:  (21:29) Yeah, go on, sorry.   Mason:  (21:31) I was going to say they're all refrigerated, are they?   Dan Sipple:  (21:35) Yeah, yeah. You can get shelf stable probiotics and again, you just want to make sure that the strains listed in that strain has good evidence, but there's no issue around if a probiotic is shelf stable, that it's any less beneficial.   Mason:  (21:53) Is Metagenics... They're available to the public. Right, I'm not crazy?   Dan Sipple:  (21:55) No, it is a practitioner only.   Mason:  (21:58) It is a practitioner only?   Dan Sipple:  (21:59) Yeah.   Mason:  (22:00) All right. It's really alluding me what those...   Mason:  (22:03) It's really eluding me that practitioner quality that I'm seeing when I go into the health food stores. I'll have to check it out because there's a few that I've had some good results with that have been available to the public. I'll have to check it out. And I'm sure everyone listening, I'm sure has gone about and they have their fav's, but it's a good little basis to make sure that they were actually able to get the species specific when we're looking at the [crosstalk 00:22:25]   Dan Sipple:  (22:25) Well that's it. And I should say too that there is definitely brands, over the counter brands, non practitioner brands that are very efficacious and that do list their strains down for sure. Yeah.   Mason:  (22:40) Are you taking one preventatively yourself?   Dan Sipple:  (22:45) Look, when everything is in good shape, I tend to just focus on prebiotics and dietary diversity. So I think that needs to be the core thing that people focus on always. So generally speaking, the more diversity in your diet of plant species, so aiming for 40 to 60 different plants species a week, exposes your microbiome to various different shapes and sizes of fibre, mucilage, pectin, polyphenols, et cetera, which then grows the diversity of our microbiome. So you want a very rich microbiome in terms of species diversity. That's correlated with better health outcomes versus, like we touched on earlier, starting life with the C-section. Unfortunately, you're going to start life with a very dwindled down, poor diversity of microbes, which can be improved, of course, but yeah. So as I say, the core thing I want people to focus on is getting everything from their diet because probiotics; although, they're great.   Dan Sipple:  (23:45) I use them every day in clinical practice. They don't permanently colonise. Still, a lot of people I find are under that kind of idea, I think from the blogosphere basically and yeah, it's a bit of a myth that one. Some of the probiotics do hang around longer than others, two to three weeks. And in others only three or four days. They will always confer a positive action when they go through, such as modulating the immune system, compete for space or out-compete pathobionts and other pathogens along the gut wall, down regulate inflammation, et cetera. So they'll always do those sorts of things, but they don't permanently colonise whereas if you use prebiotics that is fertiliser for your own probiotics. The ones you were born with. So the better long-term strategy I find is to grow them.   Mason:  (24:31) You're talking about a drifter or a bit of a nomad that's still good. It has great intentions. They're coming along. They're contributing a little bit, but they're not the ones that are actually going to consistently be coming back and being the custodian of the land, setting up a little bit of a civilization in [crosstalk 00:24:48] alignment with the rest of the body that's thinking it will be continuing to pour back resources into the environment and just set up shop.   Dan Sipple:  (24:56) Good analogy.   Mason:  (24:59) I did. I try. I'm feeling it. I need that. It feels nice for me going into that imagining of that reality helps me get out of my head a little bit with it and get into my Heart and that will leave my lower dantian to feel what's going on.   Mason:  (25:17) I feel that storytelling is always what's necessary for me to go from a short term outcomes mentality to really making sure that when I'm 80 and 90 years old that I've had a real serious trot building this. People talk about creating a legacy in business and yet that external projection, which is noble and good, but that external projection of wanting to create a legacy out here in the world. Often, you know that it's going to be unsustainable or an element of martyrdom if that takes away from your capacity to create a legacy through your microbiome internally.   Dan Sipple:  (25:59) Yeah.   Mason:  (25:59) Yeah. I've got a little skit that I'm brewing called Bacterial Master Chef and I'd always think about you really prepare and I don't know if we've talked about it before, that legacy that microbiome that you've developed such a supple, beautiful environment. Eventually, you're going to be passing that down through your kids and through your offspring as well.   Mason:  (26:26) Through the sperm health is going to be directly correlated. I assume through what's going on in the microbiome and then you've got a healthy microbiome and that's really creating this solid rooting within your own household. And then just via whether its physical transfer or whether it's just transfer of your habitual internal development of that beautiful complex ecosystem that's an old growth forest. Those habits that are leading to that are going to be passed down through your own personal culture to your kids, through your friends, everyone around you and far out. That's a legacy. And then I feel like you're also preparing yourself for when you go back. Your body goes back to the earth. You're serving up that bacteria in your body in that.. Go to the Master chef kitchen and when it's all done and dusted and your bacteria reflecting with the judges of other bacteria in the world of how [crosstalk 00:27:21] that human body was prepared and it was off its back. You want to really win that contest.   Dan Sipple:  (27:27) Yeah. Yeah. And my mentor, Dr. Jason Hawrelak down in Tasmania says pretty much just that, we are custodians of our microbiome. You got to really think of that in that context and it's up to us to nurture it and protect it because it does get passed down. And what are we now, four or five generations or more antibiotics. So with each generation that pool of diversity is dwindling, if anyone gets a chance to read Missing Microbes. Really good book. It talks all about that.   Mason:  (28:00) It's like a sourdough starter. It gets passed down from generation. For me, you just feel what lights up internally. I went to a pizza joint right in Aguascalientes at the base of Machu Picchu and they had a 300 year old starter, sourdough starter for their pizzas or something like that and they had a three day ferment process for their pizzas and there's something kind of like lights up internally and you get out of that upper dantian of the head and I really got me into my Heart and the romance, something sprung up and it brings up more of a song and dance to the food and to life and that's the same internally just as who you are. You can really create some proud family tradition and something that lights you up internally by seeing that you do have something precious like a starter that gets passed down from generation to generation.   Mason:  (29:12) Missing Microbes. All right, that's a book we've got to get. So, I'm sure everyone knows that you've heard it to death things that are going to alter and damage microbiome, intestinal epithelial barrier and all that.   Dan Sipple:  (29:26) Yeah and it's a good, nice bridge to talk about how the leaky gut thing interfaces with the microbiome. So essentially, that's just the protective mucosal, thick jelly like layer that just coats the whole digestive tract. The intestinal barrier really just being our protective layer against the outside wall and then between our bloodstream. People have to think about it like that from mouth to backside, it's a hollow tube. It's still technically outside your body. So you want to make sure that the integrity and the quality of that lumen is tip-top. So, essentially the microbes throughout that entire tract do hang out in that mucosal lining and you've got about five different layers from outer to inner that comprise that and so you've got the mucosal layer and then I think by memory the last layer is the immune layer where all the immune phagocytes and interleukins and they do their dance there.   Mason:  (30:32) Hmm, [crosstalk 00:30:33] but that were like the macrophage, like the gut-associated lymph tissue almost.   Dan Sipple:  (30:37) GALT and yes, lymph tissue and whatnot.   Mason:  (30:40) It's why the macrophages as well are sitting there with their receptors waiting for the beta glucans from the mushies.   Dan Sipple:  (30:47) Exactly. You have the TLRs, the toll-like receptors waiting to get turned on, which we'll go into, but I've lost my train of thought.   Mason:  (30:54) Well, we were talking about that mucosal lining there being something pressured that's sitting on that skin of the gut, the epithelial barrier and so that's got a lot to do with protecting against leaky gut. Right and therefore, degenerating the physical structure that ensures that we have the potential to grow and maintain a microbiome within that mucosal lining.   Dan Sipple:  (31:18) That's right. Yeah. So the things that damage it we were going to lead into, so antibiotics being the biggest one. Followed by probably, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Proton pump inhibitors, which is a big one that is coming up hugely in the research at the mument in terms of antacids, basically or reflux and those sorts of conditions.   Mason:  (31:41) Are they going in because they're destroying directly the bacterial colony and therefore, the bacterial colony is what is maintaining and producing that healthy mucosal lining? Or is it destroying the actual mucus? Therefore, the bacteria don't have somewhere to live.   Dan Sipple:  (31:56) I think it would be both, but essentially it's down-regulating your acids and therefore, bacteria that you do ingest have an easier go. Basically, they get an easier pass at getting into that layer, so whereas your acids in the stomach, which precede the small and large intestine would normally take care of that. That's a free pass straight through because your acids are suppressed.   Mason:  (32:18) That's something I'd probably throw out there. This whole alkaline water thing. I know we've discussed it. You're on board with that as well. That's where I'll never get on board and a long-term alkaline water that there's maybe some validity, maybe and this is where all the data and the preaching around alkaline water comes from these short-term healing protocols, which you can see validity in extreme we're going to talk about ketogenic diets, short term ketogenic diet, right, maybe. Short term alkaline water ingesting for a healing protocol, maybe, but then when you get long-term, the antacids, the alkaline water are going to start, I assume. That's the pathway in the stomach that's going to contribute to the stripping of the microbiome.   Dan Sipple:  (33:00) I mean we could probably do a whole podcast just on that.   Mason:  (33:05) Oh, we should. All right, we'll I'll put that in there. We'll put that out there. We'll get Sage on as well and we'll talk about alkaline water. That'd be good.   Dan Sipple:  (33:15) So other than that we've got diet, alcohol, lack of fibre, lack of plants in the diet. Stress is a huge one. So stress and medications and alcohol probably the biggest, but yeah, essentially, I guess that's a good segway into what you and I have talked about briefly in the past on other shows is that diets that do overly emphasise protein and saturated fat and meat and that do become devoid of fibre, soluble fibre, specifically in different plant polyphenols. They happen to increase the growth of bacteria in the gut that degrade mucus, so they degrade that mucosal protective lining.   Dan Sipple:  (33:58) So let me just repeat that. When you're on those diets for too long. High protein, high fat without sufficient fibre to offset it. Different bugs in the gut use those as fuel. They proliferate, they start out crowding more protective types of species and they feed off mucus. So, they're going to start eating mucus in our gut and burrowing down through that layer and making that more cryptic and making that more accessible to the bloodstream and the immune system start invoking a proinflammatory response. I think people can can tell where I'm getting with that. So if that goes on for too long, then you are looking at a massive pro inflammatory response coming from the gut.   Mason:  (34:38) Yeah, I mean everyone can see that there's always Yin Yang and a pendulum swinging within the dietary system and so we've seen an excessive amount of industrial food over such a long time and therefore, we saw the cleansing, catabolic vegan diets, raw diets, no fat diets real void of animal proteins come into dominance. And then that went to extreme. Therefore, the universe and life will always balance itself out. The trick is not going back to the pendulum swinging too far and then we see that more of the high protein, the Atkins, ketogenesis, carnivore now, bulletproof diet being that balanced up and start really dominating what's been recommended out there in the blogosphere, so on and so forth. I think that's what you're talking about. Right?   Dan Sipple:  (35:32) Totally and like you said it, the pendulum can swing too far the other way. And you see that, I always say to patients, the microbes don't lie. When we look at the gut microbiome, we know what you've been eating. We can base what foods you've been eating by the look of where the bugs are at and we know what roles they play and what percentage they're representing in that person's microbiome. And so with that sort of dietary approach and I'm not against meat at all. I'm flexitarian as I like to say, but too much for too long without that fibre can lead to those dysbiotic changes and we're really starting to see saturated fat play a big role in increasing what are called pathobionts and these pathobionts produce something called lipopolysaccharide and I'll break all these terms down, but LPS, lipopolysaccharide, this is something that's on the outer shell of these gram-negative bacteria that when they get fed in sufficient amounts they produce more of and its absolute chaos for our immune system.   Dan Sipple:  (36:35) For whatever reason, our immune system just hates this lipopolysaccharide and launches really pro-inflammatory interleukins at them into interleukin 17 and interleukin 6 causes that pro-inflammatory response. So, to break that down, high fat, high protein, you're encouraging the growth of certain bugs in the gut that are more likely to produce these endotoxins.   Dan Sipple:  (36:58) The endotoxins are what damage the gut. So we used to think it was just like with leaky gut what I said before, just the medications and just the diet and just the stress and that sort of stuff, which cause the tight junctions to separate, but there's a whole new body of research which is really, really becoming super accepted right across the board about the actual bugs in the gut being responsible for all that too. Particularly, the ones that produce these endotoxins and these hydrogen sulphide gases and that's been connected to anything from gut issues themselves. Anything from Celiac to Crohn's, Ulcerative Colitis, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, all the way over to anxiety, depression, Parkinson's, Dementia because we think what can potentially happen down in that gut microbiome can also then be affected in the blood brain barrier and affect the blood brain barrier the same way because that in itself is a very similar set up with that epithelial lining which can get damaged.   Mason:  (37:57) Because the microbiome in itself.   Dan Sipple:  (37:58) Pretty much. Exactly.   Mason:  (38:00) Oh man. Alright, so let's just start breaking it down a little bit because I feel like this is where the boring over-identifying with diet and what macronutrients are defining who you are and defining your diet at all. It's something I know we've hit a lot. We definitely hit in the past, the boring nature of identifying on being like low fat and low protein from animal sources and then we've seen that busting of the bubble around the saturated fat is bad coming especially out of the institutionalised dietitians so we've busted that and so then it's like you see fat-fueled, hashtag fat-fueled coming up. Completely living off saturated fat because all of a sudden we've almost been given this free pass to go and eat those things and do those things that we enjoy, but yet then you start identifying with the macronutrient of my diet, saturated fat, fats.   Mason:  (39:11) That's my fuel and I only talk about this from personal experience because you're internally too boring to develop your own innate identity through who you are and your true nature is you have to go and look at your macronutrients in order to create an identity for yourself that you can therefore go out and create in a career and a brand or just a bit of personality so you have something to talk about and it is boring and I think that's what we're talking about here. Right and it's not going down a short route because you're interested in creating some balancing for yourself through the endocrine system. I know we've talked about ketogenesis for a short amount of time, whether it's through water fasting, which isn't a very easily accessible way to get to ketogenesis.   Mason:  (39:57) But you know, living off fats and ketones and bulletproofing or maybe you go down that route because you want to get your insulin receptors and your leptin receptors back to a point where they're quite healthy. You've got an intention and you go full bolt into that intention, but then what happens when you don't find a sweet spot and you over-identify. I think that's what we're talking about at all points here.   Mason:  (40:21) You've gone too far. You haven't realised that what goes up must come down and find a sweet spot that's sustainable for decades and so we're talking about, there's a sliding scale of the damage that you can do to yourself verse.. I know I've gone really down like that fat route for a while. It gets to a point where I can just feel sluggish and you want to talk about what we're actually going to physiologically feel. If we're rocking the fats too hard, we're creating too much bile. Therefore, we're going to be having to lead to those bacteria growing that are going to start eating more of that mucus. What are we feeling?   Dan Sipple:  (41:02) The things that I think of straight away from a gut perspective, oily stools so if you're wiping lots that's a pretty sure sign that your intake of fats is exceeding your gallbladder's attempt to up regulate bile to the point to where it's affecting your stool.   Mason:  (41:22) That's such a good little distinction then. Lots of wiping, too oily.   Dan Sipple:  (41:28) Totally and then the flow on from that, I guess if it is done in excess for too long, you're talking about brain fog, lethargy, just overall increased body inflammation because if we strip it back down it is going to increase our leaky gut. So then all the symptoms that you can expect to find in someone with a leaky gut, you can carry over to that. Brain fog, just general digestive disturbance, lots of gas, lots of odorous gases and always check the stool. Look at what the stool is doing. I think that's the biggest marker of whether a diet is working for you or working against you.   Mason:  (42:10) Okay. So it's basically about ensuring we're not consuming so much fat that we're creating an excess of bile. Basically creating a different [crosstalk 00:42:19]   Dan Sipple:  (42:19) The other one is nausea, which I forgot to mention too. Nausea is a classic sign of poor fat breakdown.   Mason:  (42:26) I can get into immediately, a lot of my fats I enjoy my tonic. Having a bit of grass fed butter is my fat and just due to all the fat solubles that I'm going to be able to get going in through there especially with such a focus on bone health and teeth health and a little bit of EMU oil is also a big favourite of mine, but I can feel if I go for that second tonic and I'm relying on a saturated fat and it's been a hard one for me to chew the fat on actually over the years is I do feel a little bit nauseous afterwards. It's very immediate for me and [crosstalk 00:43:04] I feel like...   Dan Sipple:  (43:04) It's saturated fats? Or do you find you would get that, say if you slay five avocados in a row as well.   Mason:  (43:11) Avocados. I used to have that same experience when I was a raw foodie and I was relying on the macadamia butter and the avocados to really sustain me through the day. I'd get to that feeling. I get to that point where I'd eat my salads and it'd be heaps of olive oil and heaps of avocados and say olives, but mainly that avocado factor that would kind of get in there. And I just said, I'd be feeling it. It's an oily, stagnant feeling and it's a good one to kind of get on top of because it's not like that's a bad thing to feel. It's just that it's a good thing to be able to realise so you can, so I can adjust. I mean for me it's been an interesting one because I had so many years of so much roughage and so many plants, but I was having them in more of that raw form that it left a bit of a bad taste in my mouth to an extent.   Mason:  (44:03) I did enjoy needing to balance out and getting a little bit more of that animal fat and animal protein. And now I really feel that they're settling in to their sweet spot and their little place and I'm acknowledging that I'm going to have to be responsible enough and go be the custodian of my microbiome to find that sweet spot, where I'm actually going to be able to create some mumentum in the development of that ecosystem.   Dan Sipple:  (44:28) And that's the thing, man, like that's what's so good about testing is because when you do that and you can see where these guys are at and their percentages. There's ideal percentages and don't get me wrong, we don't know what the exact perfect microbiome looks like yet.   Mason:  (44:41) Well it probably doesn't exist. I mean, that's like [crosstalk 00:44:45]   Dan Sipple:  (44:45) That's right. It's the horses for courses. That's right, but we do have a pretty good idea based on databases of healthy donors where these healthy species are meant to fall within, and you can design your diet around that. That's what's awesome about doing the gut microbiome testing is that you are going to get particular foods which we know feed up Akkermansia muciniphila and Bifidobacterium and different species in the gut that do produce these amazing substances called butyrate and other short chain fatty acids. Butyrate. We should talk about that too actually.   Mason:  (45:20) Well, let's get into it. I just want to kind of end on the fact that it's excessiveness and finding sweet spots, so you can kind of set and forget things in your diet and you can get on to enjoying life and celebrating life and developing your virtuous nature without taking your health down a dysbiosis route that will sneak up on you over years. And it's nice to get out of the good and bad kind of aspect of foods and just find there's always, you know, with most indigenous diets of course we've got the extreme instances with like Eskimos that are just basically all blubber and protein.   Dan Sipple:  (45:51) Right.   Mason:  (45:52) And that's a particular like fringe instance. And I think we've chatted about it before being like there's a phase of adaptation for that microbiome to find its harmony. But when you look at generally in the middle of the bell curve, which is where most of us can kind of like aim for. If we want them, by all means go and explore the fringes, just don't project it onto others until you have generational data for yourself and currently. But it's mostly like all the successful indigenous cultures, blue zone cultures, there's like that appropriate amount of saturated fat, plant in some places, most of the time it's coming, from animals that appropriate amount of protein, a lot of plant diversity, soluble, insoluble, right? And fibre.   Dan Sipple:  (46:39) That's exactly where I try and now more so than ever shoot my patients long-term towards that Mediterranean diet in terms of the actual research, comparing different diets. Mediterranean diet always trumps the others still. And I think exactly what you said, just because it is such a flexible approach where you're just getting a bit of everything and you're getting so much diversity and polyphenols and you're still getting your saturated fats and your proteins and whatnot. It's just that you're not relying on the same basic five foods to get them in.   Mason:  (47:13) Yeah, I mean that's so huge. And I also want to trump people who take that example, whether it's blue zones and say they pretty much eat nothing animal and try and use it to justify their other extreme vegan diet. I'm not getting away with that today sonny, not on my watch. I mean it is finding that sweet spot and also almost creating that legacy with how in harmony your diet can be and I'm respectful of what works and what doesn't work man. So good. It's so rad. Hey everyone, don't be so boring that you need to overly identify with your macro nutrients. If you find yourself at that point, please don't go spurting all that self-righteousness over everyone else. Chickity check yourself before you wreck yourself, because you will brand yourself in a particular way. And then it denies you the fact of getting very real. And it also denies you with being curious because what you do when you identify externally with your diet, extreme diet, even if you're over identifying with like the name of the Mediterranean diet, whatever it is, it means that when you go about and try and get testing done on yourself and you're looking for generational data, it makes you biassed and it makes you go and search for justification.   Mason:  (48:34) You know, misery loves company and you want to create company and basically create data that justifies your position, which is very boring. It's very boring to be around. I know that I've talked about that for myself. I've found that blandness in myself and then I've had to kind of shut up for a couple of years and really just go about that nature of that route of building something for myself, which I feel is in harmony and let the cup floweth over through curious conversations like this. Not saying I'm doing it right. Just sharing my little path and my opinion.   Dan Sipple:  (49:10) Hmm. And being open-minded and flexible.   Mason:  (49:13) Being open-minded and flexible. Hey, so did you want to go and break down any of those terms anymore? Do you feel like you've, you know, the lipopolysaccharide and that, I mean, I feel like we've dived into that, but just even going further down into diet and some of your faves, the places you're kind of like looking at to make sure that you've got like a wide variety of prebiotics getting in there?   Dan Sipple:  (49:39) Yeah, good point. Yeah. So I guess just to sort of preface by saying that old concept of fibre is fibre is nonsense and it comes in all different shapes and sizes.   Mason:  (49:52) You mean like have your bowl of all bran in the morning and your sweet?   Dan Sipple:  (49:55) Yeah, that's exactly what I mean. Yeah. Very dietician, very old hat, 80's, 90's mentality. There's soluble-   Mason:  (50:03) Dieticians are getting a flogging this podcast.   Dan Sipple:  (50:07) Well they will, unless they're willing to adapt to the research. You know?   Mason:  (50:12) I'll say there's a couple of dietitians out there I like and they're adaptive, but gosh, not many. Nope, not many. I've got a chip on my shoulder from when I had to butt heads with the dieticians that were trying to tell when my mum had her aneurysm, like nearly 10 years ago now, nine years ago.   Dan Sipple:  (50:32) Custard. Wasn't a custard.   Mason:  (50:33) Yeah, it was custard. They were basically, they were just ripping it to me about trying to go against the grain of their recommendations, giving her the golden circle orange juice.   Dan Sipple:  (50:43) [crosstalk 00:50:43] brain.   Mason:  (50:44) Yeah. Literally when it was literally custard, stock standard, golden circle, sugar infused, synthetic vitamin infused juices, which were just going to be putting in pressure through refined sugar on her system. Ra-ra. And I sat there with like the head of dietetics in the Royal North Shore. My mum's dietician and then a student, this like ratty little student right out of the institutionalised dogma, who was just trying to have a go at me because she thought I didn't know a thing or two. And then I just let her have it and ripped her into the biological healing process of the brain inflammatory processes, so on and so forth.   Mason:  (51:27) And I was like, I'm feel really beautifully smug about, because I was so highly charged and so traumatised and going through so much grief at that time and during those times I think for someone like that to not have tact and be projecting onto the stupid son who's just distraught and not being able to have a conversation because you're so rigid. I'm like that's where my chip on my shoulder of dieticians comes from. And yeah, as you said, I've changed my opinion and adapted so much over the years and when someone else doesn't have the capacity to do that, I'm just like "Sorry. You have ejected yourself from the conversation of relevance. So you go, I don't want to talk to you right now." So yeah, take that dietitians.   Dan Sipple:  (52:20) Well said. Yeah. So prebiotics and the different shapes and sizes. So look, we've got these long chain sugars and fibres. Inulin is one of them. One of my favourites. We've got fructose oligosaccharides, or FOS, we've got galactooligosaccharides, GOS, and then there's-   Mason:  (52:42) Galactose. What's the probiotic as well that goes by like, maybe it's just galacticose or so something like in, in that, anyway, sorry, I'm thinking about some of the names of bacteria or over the years you hear and I'm just like, Oh wow [crosstalk 00:52:59]   Dan Sipple:  (53:01) The names aren't forgiving. They're horrendous.   Mason:  (53:04) Like galactose is great. I've always, where's the dietary source of...   Dan Sipple:  (53:13) Galactose?   Mason:  (53:13) Was it galactose, am I making it?   Dan Sipple:  (53:15) So we've got galacto-oligo-saccharides and it's abbreviated as GOS for short.   Mason:  (53:21) GOS. Yeah.   Dan Sipple:  (53:22) And you're going to find that in legumes and beans and lentils and beets and stuff. So in the Mediterranean diet, they're getting a lot of GOS.   Mason:  (53:30) Where are you at with beans and the presence of lectins and that? Beans being like a peasant food, something like grain that's not necessarily natural, it's going to go against like an indigenous diet kind of style of things. I feel like there's a nice middle ground there to talk about taking advantage of the access we do have to like agriculture and realisation that some of these like prebiotic rich foods are going to be good. Maybe again it's, maybe is it just like a little bit, you know, where are you at?   Dan Sipple:  (53:59) I always go back to the blue zones and I just think if you know, you can't just compare the legumes consumed 500-1000 years ago to what's being produced now and say they're the same. So it's going to come back to quality at the end of the day and if they're being soaked and sprouted and cooked properly, because the reality is all that nasty crap like phytates and oxalates and lectins and a lot of that gets removed when you do those things, versus when they're picked, canned and then you heat the can of soup up for 30 seconds or whatever, different story, that's when you're going to end up with more likely chance of bloating and gastrointestinal issues.   Mason:  (54:38) So you can say that it's like a kitchari is not going to be a kitchari, is a kitchari, is a kitchari, is a kitchari. You look at preparation and again you've got to put time and effort into these things. If you want to go the convenience model it really is when you're going to be eligible to be in that legume, bean and lentil eating kind of category, where you might be actually doing some detrimental stuff to yourself over the time, versus I mean an almost like the preparation that you do, which I know is hard for everyone but the preparation time and the sprouting and the soaking, it kind of almost like limits the amount that you're going to be able to be having naturally and therefore you're going to have more diversity, because it takes so much effort. Right? There's like magic just in, it's the same as like a flavour of the food is, of garlic is going to limit the amount of garlic a lot of the time that you're going to be able to take, or like the flavour of Reishi is going to affect how much you're actually going to be able to dose. And so to the preparation time of foods is going to affect how much you're actually going to be able to reasonably include your diet. Therefore,. it's going to put a natural cap and help you find the sweet spot.   Dan Sipple:  (55:50) Totally, totally. And look, it's slow going for some people. Quite often when we do a microbiome assessment, take John Smith who's been on a paleo or a carnivore diet or whatever it is, a diet that focuses on the removal of legumes and that sort of thing and has been quite meat heavy for quite some time, 99% of the time the bugs that feed off legumes and resistant starches and whatnot and produce these beneficial compounds for us like butyrate, that heal the gut and lower inflammation, they're starved. Sometimes they're extinct totally. And that's because they've had such an over reliance on other foods and they've been on such a restricted diet that these bugs just dwindle and dwindle because they're waiting to get fed.   Mason:  (56:37) And what is butyrate do for the barriers again?   Dan Sipple:  (56:43) Sure. So when you feed your gut these types of fibres, so GOS, FOS, inulin and resistant starch, et cetera, et cetera, you're feeding beneficial microbes in the gut that when they get fed in sufficient amounts, they produce this awesome compound called short chain fatty acids. And there's different types of short chain fatty acids. One of the major ones is butyrate, which is probably the most favoured because it does have such good healing benefits for blood brain barrier function, for lowering lipopolysaccharide, healing a damaged leaky gut wall and just lowering colonic inflammation and systemic inflammation. So you want as much butyrate as you can get. So you want to feed those bugs up, you want to give them the fuel from those foods so they can produce that for you.   Dan Sipple:  (57:26) And yeah, sometimes it's a real hard slug to get those bugs fed up again, because those foods have been out of that person's diet for a while, reintroducing them does cause issues and it is like going, so for instance, sometimes it's like, all right I want you to go to bulk health foods or whatever it is, grab yourself a bag of black beans, go home, soak them when you're ready on a day where your gut's okay and you know, pick a Saturday or whatever, usually a day you're not at work, get literally like half a palm size and cook them over a long period of time and just start there. And I want you to do that again in three days from then and then again in three days from then and just slowly, slowly build it up. And you know when they're able to handle appreciable amounts of that. Cool. Go on to lentils, do it with lentils now and you just build them up slowly and slow and slow. And sometimes it takes like literally months, but it's good when you can show them their microbiome again in six months and say now look at that guy now. He was almost extinct in the first report, look where he is now and look how much butyrate you're producing now.   Mason:  (58:31) And so you're saying do that because you're going to have to go through a process of being farty and having a bit of a reaction to it or what?   Dan Sipple:  (58:37) You're always going to get gas. Yeah. You're always going to get gas with legumes and lentils, it's normal. I always say to folks when you're producing really odorous stinky, ridiculous amounts of gas and you know it's wrong, that is 99% of the time protein putrefaction so that is actually more from high protein and lots of saturated fats. When you're getting lots of gas from plants you'll get gas definitely, but it's usually more volume and less odour.   Mason:  (59:08) Well you probably also kind of talk to the fact that that gaseousness, because I've kind of opened a little bit more up to legumes and lentils and beans based on this preparation model because I've had a bit of a problem with them and with the anti-nutrients for some time. So I'm kind of trying to find my balanced approach. And again, even with those, with artichokes and you know is a big one, we call them fartichokes.   Dan Sipple:  (59:35) Fartichokes. Yeah.   Mason:  (59:35) I think it's probably also just a good gauge for where the sweet spot in your diet is long-term as well. Right? Like if it's making you noticeably, if it affects your day because you're noticeably farty, it's even just like lower the dose and don't necessarily use it as a staple of a meal. Right?   Dan Sipple:  (59:52) Hundred percent. And that's sometimes where I'll go in with an actual supplement, like a stripped down, like galactooligosaccharides as a fibre powder and they start on literally a pinch in their water a day, because you're doing some feeding, but it's different than say having four tablespoons of black beans or lentils and you just do it super, super slow. Yeah.   Mason:  (01:00:16) Man. A lot to learnings and just going through my processes on these podcasts. But yeah, I think you're right. I think there is still the presence of these legumes and even grains in traditional diets. They're just prepared and the thing is they we're just limited by what was possible to forage and procure and so you just had a reasonable amount in the diet. It's just the fact that we can get such high amounts and such easy access to these things that we just blow it out of the water and create a sometimes an unnatural reliance and to be honest, sometimes we can, I know this is speculative, but we can build upon what we've learned from our ancestors and those generationally tested diets that are actually generationally tested and just I guess try and slowly potentiate it without the ego to think that we're like necessarily improving, just honing it in based on the availability we have of things.   Dan Sipple:  (01:01:22) Yeah. I always think about, it's kind of like make your diet about your microbiome. Don't make it about your Instagram profile.   Mason:  (01:01:31) So tough. I get so many followers no, I mean like I'm vibing man. I just haven't been talking about my diet for so long. I just feel like I haven't it a right to. Appreciate the journey for sure.   Dan Sipple:  (01:01:42) Do you get that a lot still Mase? Like people will say, what are you eating? What have you found works for you? What are your vibing at the moment?   Mason:

Talk to a Dr. Berg Keto Consultant today and get the help you need on your journey (free consultation). Call 1-540-299-1557 with your questions about Keto, Intermittent Fasting or the use of Dr. Berg products. Consultants are available Monday through Friday from 8:30 am to 9 pm EST. Saturday & Sunday 9 am to 5 pm EST. USA Only. Take Dr. Berg's Free Keto Mini-Course! Today, we're going to talk about how to get rid of bloating and abdominal distension. The major source of stomach bloating is microbial fermentation. This is the chemical breakdown of carbohydrates by a microbe. These microbes have the ability to breakdown fiber, whereas the body can't. When the microbes breakdown these undigestible fibers, they turn them into some interesting things: 1. SCFA (small-chain fatty acids) 2. Lactic acid 3. Methane 4. Hydrogen 5. CO2 6. Nitrogen 7. Hydrogen sulfide What you can do to help reduce bloating: 1. Adjust or eliminate your consumption of certain carbs/fiber like: • Fruit • Garlic • Onions • Asparagus • Milk • Yogurt • Beans 2. Add a good probiotic 3. Try certain foods to reduce bloating: • Fennel • Ginger • Anise • Peppermint 4. Take apple cider vinegar or betaine hydrochloride Dr. Eric Berg DC Bio: Dr. Berg, 51 years of age is a chiropractor who specializes in weight loss through nutritional & natural methods. His private practice is located in Alexandria, Virginia. His clients include senior officials in the U.S. government & the Justice Department, ambassadors, medical doctors, high-level executives of prominent corporations, scientists, engineers, professors, and other clients from all walks of life. He is the author of The 7 Principles of Fat Burning. FACEBOOK: fb.me/DrEricBerg?utm_source=Podcast&utm_medium=Anchor TWITTER: http://twitter.com/DrBergDC?utm_source=Podcast&utm_medium=Post&utm_campaign=Daily%20Post YOUTUBE: http://www.youtube.com/user/drericberg123?utm_source=Podcast&utm_medium=Anchor DR. BERG'S SHOP: https://shop.drberg.com/?utm_source=Podcast&utm_medium=Anchor MESSENGER: https://www.messenger.com/t/drericberg?utm_source=Podcast&utm_medium=Anchor DR. BERG'S VIDEO BLOG: https://www.drberg.com/blog?utm_source=Podcast&utm_medium=Anchor

Hey everyone, we are really excited to bring you one of our most fascinating interviews to date. We just wrapped up an interview with Dr. B and he blew our minds once again! His new book Fiber Fueled is out right now and we talked about it in today’s interview.  If you are interested in losing weight, maximizing your insulin sensitivity, boosting your immunity, eliminating brain fog, gaining energy and so much more, this book is for you!  Here are just a few things you will learn in this interview:  How Dr. B used his diet to overcome a lack of self-confidence and self-worth You’ll that fiber has been oversimplified and there are more than just two types of fiber  You’ll learn about gut-brain signaling and how your gut actually communicates with your brain We discussed the wide range of benefits from SCFA’s and how they impact respiratory infections  Then we talked about a mind-blowing concept know as “leaky brain” …. We’re really excited for you all to hear this one You’ll also learn about a key life hack that will allow you to get Starbucks coffee for free!   And a lot more. This one is jam-packed with info. If you’re listening on our podcast, also don’t forget to subscribe and leave a review on the Apple Podcast app! Link to Dr B's book on his website: https://theplantfedgut.com/book/ Link to Dr B's book on Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/Fiber-Fueled-Plant-Based-Optimizing-Microbiome-ebook/dp/B07ZY7J2XW

This audio/video overview by Dr. Ally Perlina of  goes in depth on Ben's latest gut microbiome results from . In this episode, you'll learn how to customize your diet and lifestyle based on the genetics of your gut. Dr. Perlina is the Chief Translational Science Officer at Viome. She leads the Viome team on the development of actionable pathway analytics, functional microbiome profiling, and integration of Viome test results into food and supplement recommendation logic. Ally came to Viome from working with Dr. Craig Venter at Human Longevity, Inc. She brings over 17 years of industry experience, which include Thomson Reuters, Quest Diagnostics, and several startup organizations where she led R&D groups, scientific product development efforts, and translated knowledge and insights from clinical data analyses into actionable results. S he’s a world-class expert in pathway analysis and translational systems biology, which are critical in addressing the complexities of health and disease from different data types in a meaningful holistic way. This cross-functional perspective and passion for making scientifically powered precision medicine insights actionable and scalable has been Ally’s driving force ever since she was investigating gene expression correlates of brain tumors and patient drug response at UCLA while getting her doctorate training in Human Genetics. Ally’s ability to “translate” the signals from genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, etc., into something valuable for human health today allows her to lead a diverse team of scientific, clinical, and nutritional experts that together with data science make truly personalized Viome recommendations with molecular-level precision To learn more about Viome and what it is, you can or check out these previous resources I've created on this cutting-edge way to test all the bacteria in your gut, along with the postbiotics they produce: - Article: - Podcast: - Podcast: - Podcast: During this audio/video, you'll discover: -Ben's GI summary...7:23 Most important themes to address are several specific functions dealing with digestive efficiency Active microbes: There are 134 active microbial species detected in the sample, which means that Richness is within the average range but may need improvement. No active Eukaryotes were detected There are 2 active plant viruses: Prunus necrotic ringspot Pepper mild mottle -Overall microbial richness...9:50 Ben's score is 134 out of 400; average score (5-95 percentile) The microbial could use a boost, but nothing too alarming Recommended foods: enriches and diversifies the microbiome increase microbial diversity contains MUFAs, which are a group of fatty acids; weight management, increases bacterial diversity, decreases inflammation Recommended supplements: and cranberry containing supplements -Metabolic fitness score...18:35 Ben's score is GOOD, in the 18th percentile of the Viome population (improved from Sep. 2018) -Inflammatory activity...21:10 Ben's overall score is AVERAGE LPS biosynthesis pathways: average Methane gas production pathways: needs improvement Sulfide gas production pathways: needs improvement Flagella assembly pathways: average Biofilm, chemotaxis, virulence pathways: average Balance is the goal, not optimal scores in every area Although the score is "average" it's on the higher end of the spectrum -Proinflammatory microbial activity, and active pro inflammatory pathways that indicate potential GI inflammation...32:40 -Butyrate production pathways and active butyrate producers...45:45 Ben's overall score is GOOD is good for metabolic fitness Regulates satiety, good for insulin sensitivity Goes hand in hand with inflammation scores Butyrate is a short chain fatty acid (SCFA); associated with beneficial functions for the host Resistant starches and fibers: resist the digestive system of the host -SCFA production pathways and active SCFA producing microbes...51:40 In addition to butyrate: acetate, acetyl phosphate Active probiotic in Ben's sample Many different pathways that lead to butyrate production -Recommendations for Ben's diet...55:23 (mammal) Phytometabolizing microbes and active pathways: -Digestive efficiency...59:20 Ben's overall score is AVERAGE Protein fermentation: needs improvement Gas production: needs improvement Methane gas production pathways: needs improvement Sulfide gas production pathways: needs improvement Putrescine production pathways: needs improvement Butyrate production pathways: good Salt stress pathways: good Protein fermenters and active protein fermentation pathways Omithine Putrescine Cadaverine Ammonia Urea Recommendations related to protein fermentation: Fennel bulb Alfalfa sprouts Grapefruit -Hydrogen sulfide production pathways and hydrogen sulfide producing microbes...1:15:50 Exacerbated by certain foods Disruptive to the gut lining Proinflammatory if produced in excess Sulfate (or sulfite) is deleterious Recommendations specific to microbial gas production, particularly hydrogen sulfide: Broccoli Brussels sprouts -Vitamins produced by the gut microbes and detox of the microbiome... -And much more... Resources mentioned: - Episode sponsors: -: My personal playground for new supplement formulations, Kion blends ancestral wisdom with modern science. Ben Greenfield Fitness listeners receive a 10% discount off your entire order when you use discount code: BGF10. -: I’ve been using Four Sigmatic products for awhile now and I’m impressed by the efficacies of their mushroom products. I use them. I like them. I support the mission! Receive 15% off your Four Sigmatic purchase when you use discount code: BENGREENFIELD -: You can be sure that I researched all the saunas before I bought mine and Clearlight was the one that stood out from all the rest because of their EMF and ELF Shielding and their Lifetime Warranty. Use discount code: BENGREENFIELD to get $500 off your sauna and a free bonus gift! -: As your qualified candidates roll in, we make it easy to screen & rate them, allowing you to make the best hiring decisions for your business. Try it for free when you use ! Do you have questions, thoughts or feedback for Dr. Ally or me? Leave your comments below and one of us will reply!  

Zach and Brandon discuss the evidence for and against using probiotics as treatment for medical diseases and the mechanisms that may confer health benefits to individuals without disease. Subjective: 0:45 - Brandon’s experience at the Metabolic Health Summit 10:19 - Introduction to probiotics 21:38 - Zach and Brandon’s probiotic protocol for themselves 24:25 - Introduction to the microbiome Objective: 32:25 - Probiotics as treatment and prevention for type II diabetes and obesity 45:08 - Treating digestive diseases with probiotics 55:20 - Using probiotics to treat and prevent allergic rhinitis and eczema 57:08 - Probiotics and depression 1:01:06 - Short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) effects on inflammation and innate immunity 1:18:00 - SCFAs and the gut-brain axis 1:24:34 - Insulin and satiety regulation through SCFAs 1:30:45 - Mitigating antibiotic side effects 1:32:30 - What to look for: strains, dosage, viability, timing 1:40:10 - Safety concerns and side effects Assessment/Plan: 1:43:50 - Conclusion, using probiotics for treatment and healthy individuals

SCFAs affect both immune response and epithelial integrity. As Dr. Michael Ash espouses, when we increase our understanding of interactions between diet, immunity and the microbiota we gain the opportunity to develop food-based approaches to prevent or treat many diseases. Of course, it all starts in the gut and those SCFA play a key role! November 30, 2018 > Click here to download the completed Matrix from this week’s episode > Click here for Dr. Ash’s Stewed Apples recipe and to learn more about his work   Get 15-Minute Matrix podcast notifications delivered to your inbox!

Show Topic: Dealing with Mental Illness in the Family with Dr. Fran Walfish Co-Hosts: Judy Gaman, Walter Gaman, Mark Anderson Guest: Fran Walfish  Segment 1 Today we're talking about dealing with mental illness in the family. Whether it's depression, bi-polar disorder, or any other type of mental illness – when it strikes one, it affects the entire family. Later in the show we have America's Favorite Psychologist Dr. Fran Walfish joining us. Share some experiences when patients or patients families come in and you suspect mental illness Can some depression be more of a side effect of other issues? What types of symptoms should be discussed with their doctor? Why do most patients stay quiet? MUSIC FOR DOC SHOCK (JIM) THAT MUSIC MEANS ITS TIME FOR DOC SHOC. A TIME WHEN WE FIND SOMETHING SHOCKING IN THE NEWS OR WE'RE SHOCKED IT MADE THE NEWS. exercise— even without a change in diet — alters the composition of gut microbiota. Increasing the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that are beneficial for health. Exercise increases the levels of gut microbes that produce SCFA called butyrate, which is known to reduce inflammation and promote gut health. Read the study! Follow us on Facebook! Tweet us on Twitter! Download the show iTunes! Visit our website! Segment 2 About tease – 1 min. –Download the podcasts of the show and Daily Medical Minutes to stayyoungamerica.com or just searching StayingYoungShow 2.0. Coming up, America's Favorite Psychologist Dr. Fran Walfish is joining us to discuss mental illness within the home.  ANDERSON - Immortal minute – 2 min. Open discussion with Fran about when families face mental illness Common ages when you start to see signs What should family members do if they suspect mental illness What if someone suspects it in themselves?   Tease 20 sec. – TAKE THE SURVEY!!!!   www.stayyoungamerica.com SHOUT OUT TO MILITARY, Facebook (stay young media group) , download podcasts – follow us on twitter @StayYoungMedia coming up - Coming up –we'll continue our discussion with our special guest Dr. Fran Walfish and discuss the difference between depression and bi-polar disorder  Segment 3 Judy – Tease the upcoming Dementia Defender 844-WELL100 Today we are coving the Top 10 tips for a Healthier and Happier Home. If you are just tuning in, you can catch the show in its entirety as a podcast – Staying Young Show 2.0 is in all your favorite podcast directories. We're visiting with Dr. Fran Walfish today and discussing mental illness – what it looks like when it affects the family.   Depression vs Bi-Polar disorder The importance of lifestyle choices when faced with mental illness   Judy tease DD – grab a pen! 844-well100. Podcasts itunes, stayyoungamerica.com – 45 sec.   Intro – sec 15 Tease DD 844-Well100 – If you're just tuning in, catch this and every episode on iTunes under Staying Young Show 2.0 or follow us on TWITTTER @StayYoungMedia Medical Mania Trivia – Guest Laura 1.) When someone is Jaundice, what do they look like? orange/yellow skin, eyes 2.) T or F We have sweat glands in the ear? A T – specialized sweat glands produce waxy substance 3.) Eating vegetables high in this vitamin will reduce cellulite. Which vitamin? Vitamin A 4.) The most fragile bones in the body can be found where? Toes 5.) Parkinson's Disease is named after which of the following: the town of Parkinson, a doctor Parkinson, or a Chinese root known for affecting nerves? Dr James Parkinson (1755-1824)   Open discussion DEMENTIA DEFENDER THIS DEMENTIA DEFENDER IS BROUGHT TO YOU BY SMART NEW YOU AND DR. CHARLES POWELL. IF YOU HAVE SLEEP APNEA AND YOU'RE READY TO DITCH YOUR C-PAP MACHINE CALL 214-524-6333. I do not have any special powers, but I can predict the score of any football game before it begins. How can I do this?   Thank you for listening to the Stay Young Radio Show! With all the mixed messages on health, you need information that you can use and that you can trust. Listen in as the experts discuss all topics health related. It's time to STAY YOUNG and stay healthy! Each week we tackle a topic and often with leading scientists, best-selling authors, and even your favorite celebrities! As a listener of our show, your input is important to us. Please take a moment to fill out this quick survey so we can serve you better - Survey For more information on The Staying Young Show, please visit our website , and subscribe to the show in iTunes, Stitcher, or your favorite podcast app. You can also reach out to our host, Judy Gaman, here for book purchasing, and speaking opportunities in your area!

The Staying Young Show   Show Topic: Dealing with Mental Illness in the Family with Dr. Fran Walfish Co-Hosts: Judy Gaman, Walter Gaman, Guest: Fran Walfish  Segment 1 Today we're talking about dealing with mental illness in the family. Whether it's depression, bi-polar disorder, or any other type of mental illness – when it strikes one, it affects the entire family. Later in the show we have America's Favorite Psychologist Dr. Fran Walfish joining us. Share some experiences when patients or patients families come in and you suspect mental illness Can some depression be more of a side effect of other issues? What types of symptoms should be discussed with their doctor? Why do most patients stay quiet? MUSIC FOR DOC SHOCK (JIM) THAT MUSIC MEANS ITS TIME FOR DOC SHOC. A TIME WHEN WE FIND SOMETHING SHOCKING IN THE NEWS OR WE'RE SHOCKED IT MADE THE NEWS. exercise— even without a change in diet — alters the composition of gut microbiota. Increasing the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that are beneficial for health. Exercise increases the levels of gut microbes that produce SCFA called butyrate, which is known to reduce inflammation and promote gut health. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320264.php TAKE THE SURVEY!!!! Stay Young America .com Facebook (Stay Young Media Group), website (Stayyoungamerica.com, and iTunes, call us 844-well 100 Follow us on Twitter @StayYoungMedia. When we come back, Fran Walfish   Segment 2 About tease – 1 min. –Download the podcasts of the show and Daily Medical Minutes to stayyoungamerica.com or just searching StayingYoungShow 2.0. Coming up, America's Favorite Psychologist Dr. Fran Walfish is joining us to discuss mental illness within the home.  ANDERSON - Immortal minute – 2 min. Open discussion with Fran about when families face mental illness Common ages when you start to see signs What should family members do if they suspect mental illness What if someone suspects it in themselves?   Tease 20 sec. – TAKE THE SURVEY!!!!   www.stayyoungamerica.com SHOUT OUT TO MILITARY, Facebook (stay young media group) , download podcasts – follow us on twitter @StayYoungMedia coming up - Coming up –we'll continue our discussion with our special guest Dr. Fran Walfish and discuss the difference between depression and bi-polar disorder  Segment 3 Judy – Tease the upcoming Dementia Defender 844-WELL100 Today we are coving the Top 10 tips for a Healthier and Happier Home. If you are just tuning in, you can catch the show in its entirety as a podcast – Staying Young Show 2.0 is in all your favorite podcast directories. We're visiting with Dr. Fran Walfish today and discussing mental illness – what it looks like when it affects the family.   Depression vs Bi-Polar disorder The importance of lifestyle choices when faced with mental illness   Judy tease DD – grab a pen! 844-well100. Podcasts itunes, stayyoungamerica.com – 45 sec.   Intro – sec 15 Tease DD 844-Well100 – If you're just tuning in, catch this and every episode on iTunes under Staying Young Show 2.0 or follow us on TWITTTER @StayYoungMedia Medical Mania Trivia – Guest Laura Stewart  1.) When someone is Jaundice, what do they look like? A. orange/yellow skin, eyes 2.) T or F We have sweat glands in the ear? A T – specialized sweat glands produce waxy substance 3.) Eating vegetables high in this vitamin will reduce cellulite. Which vitamin? A. Vitamin A 4.) The most fragile bones in the body can be found where? A. Toes 5.) Parkinson's Disease is named after which of the following: the town of Parkinson, a doctor Parkinson, or a Chinese root known for affecting nerves? A. Dr James Parkinson (1755-1824)   Open discussion DEMENTIA DEFENDER THIS DEMENTIA DEFENDER IS BROUGHT TO YOU BY SMART NEW YOU AND DR. CHARLES POWELL. IF YOU HAVE SLEEP APNEA AND YOU'RE READY TO DITCH YOUR C-PAP MACHINE CALL 214-524-6333. I do not have any special powers, but I can predict the score of any football game before it begins. How can I do this?   Thank you for listening to the Stay Young Radio Show! With all the mixed messages on health, you need information that you can use and that you can trust. Listen in as the experts discuss all topics health related. It's time to STAY YOUNG and stay healthy! Each week we tackle a topic and often with leading scientists, best-selling authors, and even your favorite celebrities! As a listener of our show, your input is important to us. Please take a moment to fill out this quick survey so we can serve you better - https://survey.libsyn.com/stayingyoung2 For more information on The Staying Young Show, please visit our website at www.StayYoungAmerica.com, and subscribe to the show in iTunes, Stitcher, or your favorite podcast app. You can also reach out to our host, Judy Gaman on www.judygaman.com for book purchasing, and speaking opportunities in your area!

 In this episode, Dr Nirala Jacobi is in conversation with SIBO and diabetes expert, Dr. Mona Morstein. Dr. Mona Morstein has been a naturopathic physician for 29 years. Her private practice, Arizona Integrative Medical Solutions Clinic, is in Tempe, AZ, USA. Her practice has always had a focus on treating gastrointestinal conditions and she was Gastroenterology professor at Southwest College of Naturopathic Medicine for 11 years.  Dr. Morstein has been working seriously with SIBO patients for 5 years and is now considered to be an expert.   She has authored the recently published resource ‘Master your Diabetes', which is the number 1 best selling book on type 2 diabetes on Amazon.  Dr Morstein was a speaker on the First and Second SIBO SOS Summit, and is now on the Medical Advisory Board of Quintron Instrument Company, Inc.  Dr. Morstein's innovative and comprehensive Step by Step treatment of SIBO has earned her patients around the world. She has just created a high quality line of SIBO supplements through Priority One Supplements.   Topics discussed in this episode include How did Dr Morstein get into SIBO and why did she want to specialise in this topic? What is the association between SIBO and Diabetes? Insight into A1C 7 is considered well controlled, although damage to the human body is cited in the science as when the A1C goes over 5.5. What are the four places in the body that cannot produce insulin resistance, and so express the effects of high sugar in the serum? How does this reflect the health of the rest of the body? Diabetic neuropathy to the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS), particularly in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and how this relates to hypomotility and SIBO. How do you specialise treatment to diabetes induced nerve tissue damage in the GIT as compared to other SIBO triggers, such as post-infectious SIBO? What to use to treat autonomic diabetic neuropathy in SIBO? Acetyl L-carnitine Lion's mane Alpha Lipoic acid Is diabetic neuropathy reversible? Autoimmune vinculin damage to the migrating motor complex (MMC) in the small intestine. Lion's mane - powerful nerve regeneration capacity Is there a role for it for regenerating nerves in the small intestine in light of Anti-Vinculin, and Anti-cytolethal Distending Toxin B (CdtB) antibodies? The form of Lion's Mane required - it must be water extracted. Dose: 1 capsule bd. Using Lion's mane in conjunction with a prokinetic. Patients with a strong history of post-infectious IBS or SIBO get more attention paid to prokinetics than those who may have adhesions causing the restrictions and outflow problems, rather than nerve based causation. Diet, diabetes, and SIBO - where to start? Low FODMAP Bi-Phasic Diet Specific carbohydrate diet (SCD) Diet Fibre - what fibre, and how to integrate. Why to have diabetic patients avoid grains. The importance of short chain fatty acid (SCFA) butyrate for colonic cell health, and how to navigate this for diabetic patients in light of no grains. Fibre powders. Types of fibres for SIBO patients Quinoa Millet Hydrolysed guar gum Types of fibres for diabetic patients Whole Food fibre from Standard Process - high patient compliance Paleo Fibre from Designs for Health Microbiome restoration in the large intestine Dr Morstein's specific SIBO protocols for diabetic patients - 8 Essentials Diet Exercise Sleep Stress management Healing the gut Addressing the microbiome Environmental detoxification Supplementation Multivitamin Fish Oil Diamend - specialty diabetes product All about the contents of Dr Morstein's specialty diabetes product - Diamend (which contains benfotiamine) What is Benfotiamine? Fat soluble thiamin with positive benefits in neuropathy. How does it interfere with glycosylation? Maximum dose 450mg/day Prevents damage in high glucose areas - protective to those who do not even have neuropathy. Dysglycemia not just in diabetic patients Tips to manage hypoglycemia in patients who do not have diabetes. The role of the adrenals in reactive hypoglycemia How to nourish the adrenals and the liver to rectify reactive hypoglycemia Chromium, zinc, gymnema sylvestre, liver herbs. Glyco-kinetic complex from Integrative Therapeutics Inc Other triggers that can drive reactive hypoglycemia? Products used for SIBO and Diabetes How is berberine beneficial for clients with metabolic syndrome? Turns off protein kinase-C Reduces insulin resistance, promotes energy use, anti-inflammatory, supports the liver and bile function, reduces cholesterol and triglycerides. Present in Diamend A caution for berberine use for those with anxiety - impact on monoamine oxidase (MAO) for people with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in that area. What role does the microbiome play in the development of diabetes? Could we prevent the development of type 1 diabetes? The type 2 diabetes microbiome and the impacts of inflammation, nutrient absorption, production of tumour necrosis factor (TNF), intestinal endotoxins and insulin resistance. Dr Morstein's products developed for SIBO via Priority One Supplements SIBO MMC - prokinetic SIBOtic SIBOzyme SIBO rebuild - recovery phase of small intestine once SIBO has been eradicated (contains water extracted Lion's Mane) Zanthoxylum (Prickly Ash) Used for dry mouth syndrome Motility agent Dr Morstein's top clinical tips for SIBO and Diabetes treatment   Resources Dr Mona Morstein Arizona Integrative Medical Solutions Clinic Master your Diabetes by Dr Mona Morstein - Amazon.com Contact Dr Mona Morstein Dr Morstein's SIBO and Diabetes supplement line through Priority One Supplements Diamend Diabetic supplement Contains benfodtiamine Products developed for SIBO via Priority One Supplements SIBO MMC - prokinetic SIBOtic SIBOzyme SIBO rebuild - recovery phase of small intestine once SIBO has been eradicated (contains water extracted Lion's Mane) Dr Allison Siebecker - com First and Second SIBO SOS Summit Dr Nirala Jacobi's Bi-Phasic Diet Fibre for diabetic patients Whole Food fibre from Standard Process - high patient compliance Paleo Fibre from Designs for Health Fibre for SIBO patients Hydrolysed guar gum Reactive hypoglycemia liver and adrenal nourishing complex Glyco-kinetic complex from Integrative Therapeutics Inc Walter Crinnion on environmental toxicity

Link to bioRxiv paper: http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.04.11.021915v1?rss=1 Authors: Zhu, F., Wang, W., Ma, Q., Yang, Z., Ju, Y., Fan, Y., Guo, R., Wang, Q., Mu, X., Zhao, B., Gao, Y., He, X., Gao, F., Qian, L., Chen, C., Chen, Y., Gao, C., Ma, X.-c. Abstract: Objective: Gut microbiota dysbiosis and aberrant gut-brain functional modules including short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production and long-lasting immune activation (IA) are presented in schizophrenia. Given the key roles of gut microbiota and SCFA in shaping immunity, we propose that dysbiosis-induced SCFA upregulation could contribute to IA and behavioral symptoms in schizophrenia. Design: Gut microbiota, SCFA, and IA biomarkers were compared between schizophrenic patients and healthy controls. The roles of SCFA in schizophrenia-related IA were analyzed in cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and a mouse model of schizophrenia. The effects of SCFAs on schizophrenia-related phenotypes were analyzed in both human and mouse. Results: Both microbial-derived SCFA and SCFA-producing bacteria were elevated in the guts of schizophrenic patients, and this increased SCFA production in gut was associated with IA in schizophrenia. The microbiome signature underpinning schizophrenia-related IA includes increased diversity and increased SCFA-producing bacteria and inflammation-associated bacteria. The impact of SCFAs on immune responses of cultured PBMC depend on the diagnosis and IA status of donors. Small-molecule serum filtrates from immune-activated schizophrenic patients increased the inflammatory response of PBMCs from healthy volunteers, which can be enhanced and attenuated by SCFAs supplementation and inhibition of SCFA signaling, respectively. Chronically elevated SCFAs in adolescence induced neuroinflammation and schizophrenia-like behaviors in adult mice. Moreover, chronically elevated SCFAs in adult mice prenatally exposed to IA potentiated their expression of schizophrenia-like behaviors. Conclusion: microbiota-derived SCFAs are important mediators of dysregulated gut-brain axis and participant in pathogenesis via enhance IA in schizophrenia. Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info