Podcasts about powdery

Spraying for powdery mildew can be ~25% of the cost of farming a vineyard and be one of the key elements of a grower's carbon footprint. Sarah Placella, Founder and CEO of Root Applied Sciences, has taken her deep research in microbes and created a data-driven solution to monitor the air for mildew and spray only when needed. Root can cut ~5 sprays per season, and growers have an average 5x ROI using the system.  Detailed Show Notes: Root Applied Sciences (“Root”) - airborne pathogen monitoring for farmers, like an “early warning system”Founded in 2018, 1st work with/ growers in 2021Powdery mildew (“PM”) is a big problem for vineyards in CA (March - August)Currently only markets to vineyards, done work with/ strawberries, leafy greens, can do anything with/ DNA and small insectsNapa, Sonoma, Central Coast todayHW enabled SaaS model - Root owns and maintains devicesDevice in the field, just above the canopySend data (battery status, device status, temp, humidity) to the cloud over LTEM connectionSW to see the dataThe grower collects samples from devices 2x/week and sends them to the labGrowers can share data with/ each otherHas an automated prototype in processWill not need a grower to collect and send samplesFundraising “seed” round for an automated system~25% of operational costs are spent managing PM6-16 pesticide applications/seasonConventional growers have fewer applications, but spend more for each oneOrganic may be spraying every weekPM takes 7-10 days to enter plants. See 2 peaks of PM before growers can see it, once PM exists, it's hard to controlRoot can cut 20-80% of sprays (~5 sprays/season), lengthens spray intervals when low risk~$100/acre spray cost per application, ~$300/acre if need to spray by hand (e.g., steep slopes)2024 - saw PM on Mar 29 in Carneros, growers planned 1st spray 4/16, moved up 1st spray to 4/2; cut sprays and more clean fruitRoot data enables more biological sprays (have shorter efficacy windows, are more environmentally friendly, and data gives more confidence to try them)Other benefits of RootClean fruit - faster fermentation (5 days faster), higher quality, possible increase in yieldsEnvironmental (less sprays, tractor use) - less diesel use, lower soil compaction; for 1 grower, 1 spray is a 13% reduction in carbon footprintFarmworker health - fewer chemicals in the airPricing$3,000/season/monitoring station all-inAvg grower has 4 stations, 1 every ~30-50 acresPrecision growers or rolling hills, 1 station every ~10 acres~5x ROIBarriers to adoptionRisk aversionNo access to a carrier to send samplesGrape prices down (budgets)More adaptive sprays can make operational scheduling harder for vineyard management companiesOther PM solutions“Spray and pray” (~90% of growers) - calendar-based systemWeather-based tools don't work well and may be impacted by climate changeSpore trapping tools (e.g., spinning rods, roto rods) have sticky material that reduces sample size and efficacy, UV light exposure degrades PMImage-based analysis (new) - lots of data to send, samples ~2L air/min vs 400L air/min Root, does not specify type of PM present (~40 types)Product roadmap - more power efficiency, integrating a solar panelHas done work with/ downy mildew, botrytis, vine mealybug, and can detect them, but does not add a lot of valueExcited about growth in microbial mildewcides (biologicals) Get access to library episodes Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Managing pests like powdery mildew, downy mildew, botrytis, and sour rot can be a complex challenge. Andy Fles, Vineyard Manager at Shady Lane Cellars in Michigan, shares insights from his USDA Sustainable Ag Research Education producer grant project. The project compares two pest management approaches: a ‘soft' pesticide program and a conventional one. Andy conducted the experiment using his on farm sprayer, providing real-world results. Despite climate variability and fluctuating pest pressures, the soft pesticide program proved effective. The project underscores the potential of using softer chemistries to manage disease while maintaining fruit quality. Resources:         REGISTER: April 25, 2025 | Fungicide Spraying: Evolving Strategies & Grower Insights 80: (Rebroadcast) The Goldilocks Principle & Powdery Mildew Management 117: Grapevine Mildew Control with UV Light 197: Managing the Sour Rot Disease Complex in Grapes 219: Intelligent Sprayers to Improve Fungicide Applications and Save Money 235: Battling Fungicide Resistance with Glove Sampling Rufus Issacson, Michigan State University Shady Lane Cellars Secures $11K National Farming Grant Timothy Miles, Michigan State University Vineyard Team Programs: Juan Nevarez Memorial Scholarship - Donate SIP Certified – Show your care for the people and planet   Sustainable Ag Expo – The premiere winegrowing event of the year Vineyard Team – Become a Member Get More Subscribe wherever you listen so you never miss an episode on the latest science and research with the Sustainable Winegrowing Podcast. Since 1994, Vineyard Team has been your resource for workshops and field demonstrations, research, and events dedicated to the stewardship of our natural resources. Learn more at www.vineyardteam.org.   Transcript [00:00:00] Beth Vukmanic: Managing pests like powdery mildew, downy mildew, botrytis and sour rot can be a complex challenge. [00:00:10] Welcome to sustainable Wine Growing with Vineyard Team, where we bring you the latest in science and research for the wine industry. I'm Beth Vukmanic executive director. [00:00:21] In today's podcast, Craig McMillan, critical resource Manager at Niner Wine Estates. With Longtime SIP Certified Vineyard and the first ever SIP certified winery speaks with Andy Fles, vineyard Manager at Shady Lane Cellars in Michigan. Andy shares insights from his USDA Sstainable Ag Research Education Producer grant project. The project compares to pest management approaches, a soft pesticide program and a conventional one. [00:00:50] Andy conducted the experiment using his on farms sprayer, providing real world results. Despite climate variability and fluctuating pest pressures, the soft pesticide program proved effective. The project underscores the potential of using softer chemistries to manage disease while maintaining fruit quality. [00:01:10] If you'd like to learn more about this topic, then we hope you can join us on April 25th, 2025 for the fungicide spraying evolving strategies in Grower Insights tailgate taking place in San Luis Obispo, California. Dr. Shunping Ding of Cal Poly will share updated results from a study on the efficacy of different fungicide programs containing bio fungicides. [00:01:34] Then we will head out into the vineyard to learn about new technologies for integrated pest management and talk with farmers from different growing regions about their program. Now let's listen in.  [00:01:49] Craig Macmillan: Our guest today is Andy Fles. He is the vineyard manager at Shady Lane Cellars in Michigan. And today we're going to talk about a pretty cool little project. He's got going looking into two different pesticide programs. Thanks for being on the podcast, Andy. [00:02:03] Andrew Fles: Yeah, my pleasure, Craig. [00:02:05] Craig Macmillan: So you have a grant from the USDA sustainable agriculture research and education program. To look at what you call a soft pesticide program for your vineyard in Michigan and comparing it to what we would call a sustainable or sustainable conventional program. What do you define as a soft pesticide program? [00:02:25] Andrew Fles: Well, that's kinda just a, a term that we applied to identify it. I didn't want to use organic because I thought that there would be a good chance we would utilize things that are considered by the industry to be very soft in terms of you know, they're not a harsh chemical or a carcinogenic, a known carcinogenic compound. [00:02:49] But something, for example, like. Like horticultural grade peroxide, which goes by several different trade names. So that's just, it's hydrogen peroxide and it is a disinfectant that turns into water and oxygen. So it's pretty Soft in terms of what it does to beneficials and, and plants and, and such. [00:03:11] We utilize some of those products already in our spray program. But combined also with, we're probably 50 percent organic in terms of what we spray out. for fungicides, pesticides, insecticides. And so we're still altering in some synthetic compounds. [00:03:28] And we wanted to compare that, what we currently do, to something that was much softer, like only soft compounds. Something that could be considered a OMRI certified organic program, or, or almost, right? Like maybe there's just one or two things that are very soft, but not technically OMRI certified. [00:03:49] Craig Macmillan: Right, and I do want to , get into the weeds on that a little bit later. Cause it's a, it's an interesting, Set a program that you've got going and I have lots of questions about them. What inspired this project? [00:04:01] Andrew Fles: I think just that continued movement towards investigating what works here in the east. You know, we, of course, get more wetting events and, and wetting periods that cause more fungal issues here compared to the west coast. And so we really, you know, we have to have an eye on sustainability. Certainly at Shady Lane, we really push for that. [00:04:25] But we also need to make sure that we have a marketable crop. We need to make sure the wine quality is, is high and acceptable for our standards. And so you know, if we're talking about, you know, every year is quite different here. We can get a, like, for example, in 2024, very wet in the first half of the year, very, very dry in the second half. [00:04:51] And, and then, which was quite different from 23 and quite different from 22 and so on and so forth. so, so some years we need to kind of step in and use a synthetic product here at this key time or, you know we need to protect our, our, our wine grape quality. [00:05:07] Craig Macmillan: What are the primary pests and diseases in your area? [00:05:11] Andrew Fles: So we have issues with the usual suspects that powdery mildew, of course. That's, that's fairly, I think if you're on top of your game, that's, it's pretty controllable. Even with soft products here it's just a spray frequency and coverage issue. [00:05:27] Downy mildew is something that can be quite challenging in certain years. [00:05:31] And there's, and there's less tools in the toolbox to use for that as well. And so you gotta, you gotta be on top of that with scouting preventative, like canopy, you know, canopy management practices that deter too dense of a canopy or, or clusters that are. hidden behind several layers of leaf. [00:05:53] Those are going to cause problems for you no matter what you're spraying, synthetic or organic, right? So, so we try and utilize all those things and and then we, we can also have issues in some years with botrytis and even sour rot and tight clustered varieties. So, so we were looking at sour rot and botrytis in the, in the cluster analysis of this portion of the , project. [00:06:18] Yeah, we have some locations can struggle with grape erinium mite. That's becoming more and more prevalent here. Wasn't an issue four years ago. Not, not really up in, up in northern Michigan anyway. So that's becoming more and more of an issue. And then we always struggle with rose chafers. It's a, it's a grub that, you know, comes out for six weeks and really terrorizes the vines. [00:06:49] And for that, for that pest, we really walk the line of the economic damage threshold, right? So, so a little, you know, we're going to see rose chafers every year. Some years are better than others. And what is our acceptable damage, you know? And so, once we see the rose chafers really getting dense in number, and also, you know, munching on a few leaves is one thing, munching on the clusters and the shoot tips is another thing. [00:07:21] Craig Macmillan: That's what I was going to ask. Yeah, I'm unfamiliar with this this pest. It, skeletonizes leaves, but it also will attack flower clusters and, and grape clusters in the early stages of development. Is that right? [00:07:34] Andrew Fles: Pretty much all green tissue. Yeah, a bunch of shoot, shoot tips leaves are probably, you know, their preferred source, I think, but anything tender. And so if, if the timing is just right where the, the inflorescences are, are you know, just coming out when the, when the beetles hatch, then they can really go for those cluster tips and, and shoot tips. [00:07:59] While we're scouting for this pest, we not only do the, you know, the density numbers and annotate that, but we look at, you know, how many are actually eating leaves versus shoot tips and clusters. [00:08:13] Craig Macmillan: Interesting, interesting. What is the design of your project and what varieties are we talking about? And what kind of variables are you measuring and how are you measuring them? [00:08:25] Andrew Fles: this is a farmer grant as opposed to a research grant. , it's tailored to folks that want to do on, on farm trials. And we want to do. Something in a significant enough volume, you know, that, that some that it would apply, it would be more applicable in the real world. [00:08:45] So for example you know, at a university they might do this randomized plots, you know, and they're using a backpack sprayer because they're, they're applying you know, three vines here, three vines there, scattered all throughout the block. And we wanted to use the sprayer that we actually use. [00:09:04] Um, and we wanted to do a bigger sections. And so what we did was we broke it up into two acre sections and we did two acres of both the traditional, the conventional program that we normally would do here and the soft treatment. So we did two acres of each in pinot noir, two acres of each in a, in a French American hybrid called ol, and then two acres of Riesling. [00:09:33] And we wanted to look at powdery, downy, botrytis, and sour rot. [00:09:38] In certain years, we can have quite a lot of botrytis and sour rot pressure in those three varieties. Because Pinot Noir of course is tight clustered. Vignole is even tighter clustered despite having that French American disease resistance package. It, it doesn't possess that for Botrytis or Sour Rot. [00:09:58] and then of course Riesling is a, is a very, it's probably the number one variety in Michigan. And as we all know, it's susceptible to Botrytis. [00:10:08] Craig Macmillan: Yeah. Big time. [00:10:10] Nice design. Great varieties to choose. I think that was really, really smart. How are you going to quantify these different variables? How are you going to measure the damage? [00:10:18] Andrew Fles: So for Powdery and Downey we just kind of did a scouting assessment. You know, how, prevalent is the infection based on how many leaves per, per per scouting event? I think off the top of my head, it was like 25 leaves. Per block that's more, I guess, anecdotal which we, and we did see that in the Pinot Noir, it was pretty clear cut that we struggled to control Downy in the soft treatment more so than in the conventional treatment. [00:10:50] It was, it was pretty clear there. And then as far as the Botrytis and Sour Rot, so that's really where the MSU team came in with the, the Rufus Isaacs lab and Dr. Rufus Isaacs and his master's PhD candidate. They did a lot of work there and, and then also the Tim Miles lab , so basically what they did is they took 25 clusters of each treatment and they did an assessment , for of course, how many berries were infected by, by botrytis and sour rot. [00:11:25] And then they also took those clusters and they hatched them out to see how many Drosophila species were there. [00:11:33] Craig Macmillan: Oh, okay. Yeah, good. That's interesting. [00:11:36] Andrew Fles: Wing drosophila here in Michigan and so really it was just the two species of traditional vinegar fly, drosophila, and then spotted wing. They did, you know, the, the statistics on that. [00:11:50] Craig Macmillan: interesting. And this is, this is a multi year project, right? [00:11:54] Andrew Fles: This was just one year. [00:11:56] Craig Macmillan: Just one year, okay. [00:11:58] And when will you have final results? [00:12:01] Andrew Fles: I have some of those already. We're going to do like a more formal presentation at a spring meeting here, a grower meeting, that's kind of co sponsored between MSU Extension and a local non profit that promotes grape and wine production in the area. So yeah, we're going to make a presentation in April on on the results and, and kind of, we're just continuing to, coalesce and, you know, tie my spray program with wedding events and then the results that they got as well. [00:12:37] Craig Macmillan: What other kinds of outreach are you doing? You're doing the meeting and you're doing other things? [00:12:41] Andrew Fles: I haven't discussed this with with Rika Bhandari as the PhD student. I suspect that she would use this in some of her publishing, you know, whether it gets published, I don't know, it's part of her Her main focus is sour rot, so this will be included in some of her presentations. [00:13:03] But I don't know that for a fact. [00:13:06] Craig Macmillan: That's exciting to get some information that's local. It's locally based and get it out to the local community as well as the broader community. I think that's really important if you don't mind I would like to get into some of the nuts and bolts of these two programs because I found that to be very interesting And then as we go talk about How that panned out for the different pests and diseases that you saw in these trials Let's talk about the soft program first You've got a dormant oil app in May and I assume you mean that there would be like JMS stylet oil or something like that [00:13:41] Andrew Fles: I think it was called bio cover. [00:13:43] Craig Macmillan: Bio cover and that's a pretty standard practice in your area I would guess [00:13:48] Andrew Fles: It is, yeah. [00:13:49] Craig Macmillan: and then the following month in June You, uh, have copper in the mix. In both the traditional and in the soft chemistry. I'm guessing that's also a common practice in your area. Probably for downy and for powdery. [00:14:06] Andrew Fles: Yeah, the copper is is something that we've been leaning towards and getting away from some of the synthetics. Which stick better to plant surfaces, we've been migrating that way anyway, these last numerous years now and so, yeah, , there are some similarities between the two programs at times it's really those key times of pre bloom and post bloom and variation that that we've traditionally. [00:14:34] Really locked in on some of the synthetic chemistries here [00:14:37] Craig Macmillan: And then also in June you have a Serenade Opti, which would be a Subtilis based material. And I believe that's also in your conventional in July. That's pretty standard practice, and that's an OMRI certified product, I believe. [00:14:52] Andrew Fles: Yes, yeah. [00:14:53] Craig Macmillan: There's some overlap there. It looks like the Rose Chaffer comes out around this time. [00:14:59] Andrew Fles: Yeah, probably it's not in front of me, but probably mid june [00:15:04] Craig Macmillan: Yeah, that's what you have here. In the traditional you've got a, a neonic, a sale. And then in the program, there's kind of a question mark here. What did you end up using in the, in the soft program for a roast chaffer? [00:15:19] Andrew Fles: Let me find it here [00:15:21] So we used neemix 4. 5 [00:15:26] Craig Macmillan: Nemix. I'm not familiar with that. Is that a Nemo based product? [00:15:28] Andrew Fles: Yeah, it's a neem oil [00:15:30] Craig Macmillan: And then in the traditional you have a neonic, a sail. Did you see a difference in Rose Chapter damage between the two? Because this is a pretty big difference here. [00:15:39] Andrew Fles: a pretty big difference in terms of [00:15:42] Craig Macmillan: Well, the modes of action obviously are very different. [00:15:45] Andrew Fles: Oh, sure, sure. Yeah, we had a little higher a little higher prevalence of rose chafers in mostly in the Pinot Noir treatments. Not so much in the Riesling, and I think that's largely because of black location. Traditionally the Pinot Noir block is our worst, one of our worst blocks in terms of rose chaffer rose chaffers are these beetles. [00:16:09] Of course, they're very similar to Japanese beetles for those listeners that, that may know that, but they really thrive in sandy soil, which is what we specialize here in northern Michigan, sandy based soil, right? [00:16:22] , and especially in un mowed fields. Right? We've really been trying to manage , our headland spaces like a prairie even more so upon joining SIP and, and learning more about making a comprehensive farm plan of, Of all of the land, right? And so we've really managed our, headlands and open fields like prairies which means minimal mowing, [00:16:47] like once a year is what we, we just mow to keep the autumn olive out. And and so we're trying to promote, you know, bird life and, and. All forms of life in these fields, which includes and sometimes an increase in rose chafers. [00:17:03] However, this 2024 was, was a. Fairly low pressure year. [00:17:09] And so I was very comfortable with, with sticking with this the soft insecticide. And we didn't feel like, you know, even though we saw this, this increase in pressure in the soft treatment, it wasn't surpassing the economic damage threshold that we are really keen. [00:17:27] And right. IPM [00:17:29] Craig Macmillan: So, true IPM. [00:17:31] Andrew Fles: IPM is very important, here, you know, where we have all these insects and it rains a lot and, you know, you got to really. Be ready to to, to scout and then react. [00:17:41] Craig Macmillan: Exactly. Yeah. And knowing what your economic injury limit is, I think it's huge. And your action threshold based on that. Tell me a little bit about the Spinosad based products. You have a couple in the soft that I assume are meant to be insecticides. [00:17:55] Andrew Fles: Yeah. The delegate. Yup. [00:17:56] Craig Macmillan: Yeah, Delegator and Trust. [00:17:59] Andrew Fles: I'll talk a little bit about intrepid as well. That's probably a foreign thing for any, any West coast listener, but that's intrepid is a it's a molting regulator and it's essentially for, in this case, for grapes, it's for grape berry moth. And this is an insect that is very difficult to do IPM on because there's a, there's kind of a morph that lives in northern Michigan that doesn't Go for the traps and so you can put traps out and it you just have no idea what's going on Because they just don't really care for the pheromones so they're really almost impossible to trap and I've talked numerous time with dr Rufus Isaacs about this and how do we you know get a handle on populations and you know They just can't get their traps to work up here. [00:18:50] We target with the intrepid, it's a, again, it's a molting regulator, so it just prevents them from developing, and it's very specific it's not a broad spectrum, so that goes on as a preventative where we have blocks near the woods, [00:19:05] because we see great berry moth coming in from wild, wild vines [00:19:10] that may or may not be in the woods, but we Where we see larva hatching is, is just kind of a perimeter. [00:19:16] So what we'll actually do is a perimeter spray. We don't even spray the whole block. We'll spray the outside row or two or three of each end. And then we just kind of blast it in. Along the, the other, you know, along the posts, the end posts. And that seems to work fairly well. [00:19:34] Craig Macmillan: Huh. [00:19:35] Andrew Fles: And then, as far as Delegate goes and Entrust those are Spinoza based products like you mentioned. [00:19:42] Those are primarily, you'll see that we put them on, well, I don't know if you can see timing, but we put them on. in September. Yeah, at the end of the season. September. [00:19:53] Yeah. Yeah. So, so those go on right around or right before even version and that is for drosophila [00:20:01] I think there's been some research recently from Cornell and then also Brock University in Canada. And I know also that Tim and Rufus have been doing trials here in Michigan as well. between the three of us out here in the, in the Northeast we're very focused on sour rot. [00:20:19] And so Michigan State along with these other folks have done these trials where they found that including an insecticide at veraison or, and then also at about 15 bricks significantly reduces sour rot infections. And that's because you're going after one of the vectors. [00:20:39] Craig Macmillan: Interesting. There's another material that I wasn't familiar with. I did a little bit of research on it. That's a product called Jet Ag, which is a hydrogen peroxide, a peracetic acid material. You have that in both the soft chemistry and your quote unquote conventional section. Is that a material you've used for a long time? [00:20:57] Andrew Fles: Yeah, we, I forget when exactly it started coming around I think probably 2015, 16 is when it was maybe released or made its way to northern Michigan and kind of coincided with with some sour rot. Issues that we have had off and on over the years with Pinot Noir or Vignole. And it's a, you know, it's a strong hydrogen peroxide. [00:21:23] It's a heavy oxidizer. It goes in and it, it, it cleans everything up. You know, it disinfects. And there's, there's some thinking as well that it, it'll kill the yeast. And some of those yeasts, the aroma is very attractive to spotted wing drosophila and regular drosophila. And so if you're, if you're kind of this is probably something that, that people, you know, that rely on native ferments might not want to hear, but you know, it really, it really disinfects the fruit which, which is key for You know, controlling sour rot. [00:21:59] And so we've used that over the years as both a preventative and a curative treatment. [00:22:05] Craig Macmillan: Right. [00:22:06] Andrew Fles: I didn't actually end up using it this year because It essentially stopped raining it was almost west coast ian here in the fall. It stopped raining in August and it didn't rain again. [00:22:19] You know, I mean, aside from like just a, you know, very, very light mist that wouldn't even penetrate the soil deeper than a centimeter. You know, so we didn't get any appreciable rain. From, I think it was maybe August 5 or 10, all the way till November 31st, or sorry, October 31st. [00:22:39] Craig Macmillan: Actually, that raises a good question. So, what is the summer precipitation like, quote unquote, in a normal year or an average year? [00:22:48] Andrew Fles: Yeah, we've been having, [00:22:49] Craig Macmillan: is it? [00:22:52] Andrew Fles: it's so variable is the, you know, we keep coming back to that. Every season is different here and it's so true even in Northern Michigan we have seen climate change affecting our summer rainfalls. So, whereas, you know, traditionally, and I say traditionally as maybe like the 80s and 90s maybe even early 2000s, you would expect to see, you know, a good four to eight inches a month. [00:23:20] you know, less, less so in, you know, in July and August is walking that more like four inch. Four inches of precipitation and you can get that sometimes in two different days [00:23:33] Craig Macmillan: Wow. [00:23:34] Andrew Fles: And that could be all or it could be spread out, you know over over several 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 different events. we had a dry June a couple years ago, I think we, I think it rained two days and amount to much. [00:23:50] And 2023, all of May we had, it rained one day. It was very dry. And so it's really been a roller coaster here in terms of what to expect as far as precipitation comes, I mean during the growing season anyway. [00:24:08] Craig Macmillan: Mm hmm. [00:24:09] Andrew Fles: It's been a challenge to know, you kind of have to have all these tools ready, right? [00:24:13] You have to have your jet ag ready. [00:24:15] If you get a bunch of infections going you got to have some of these other products ready and just , be ready for anything essentially. [00:24:24] Craig Macmillan: That, I'm just kind of reeling, I'm from California, and so like four to eight inches of rain during the growing season, it sounds like a fungal disease disaster to me. I'm impressed that you can get a crop, a vinifera crop to, to harvest with those kind of conditions. [00:24:39] Let's talk about the sustainable conventional program a little bit. Again copper appears early which would make sense. Then the insecticide portion would be a sale. It's a neonicotinoid, and then you've got a couple of fungicides in here. [00:24:55] You've got sulfur, and you've got a boscalid. Then in July again you've got a subtilis, that's serenadopty, and the, the intrepid, the IGR. August, you've got another neonic rally, and then you've got a product called ranman, or ranman. Which is a Sazofenamide, again, traditional fungicide. And then Inspire Supert, verasion, very common. And then you've got the the JetAg and Delegate, which is an antispinosid based product. When I look at this, I see a lot of very safe, very smart, very rotated fungicide chemistries here. Was this the kind of program you were using previously? [00:25:34] Andrew Fles: Yeah. And you know, it always can change a little bit. Sometimes you can't get a certain product or you can't get it in time. [00:25:42] Uh, whereas, you know, you, you're planning to use X product for your, for your kind of like You know, your, your pea sized berry spray, let's say but you, all of a sudden you have a bunch of rainfall, you know, and, and so if I was planning to use Quintech, which only covers powdery all of a sudden I have this big wedding event that was just perfect for growing downy mildew I I might switch from Quintech to and vice versa, you know, if we're, if we're into some weather, that's really favorable, it's time to push more of those serenades and you know, we've used some of the other biologicals over the years as well and, and just trying, trying to go that way as much as possible, but, you know, sometimes the weather forces your hand, like, like it did this year, you'll see in my, In my program we went into some Randman and some [00:26:35] Zampro, and those are those are very specific to to downy mildew. [00:26:41] You know, but we're still, with those products, you know, they're more expensive than something like Kaptan, you know. We Can't spray that with sip and we didn't spray it before because we don't want it on our fingers [00:26:56] The vineyard you and I don't want it in our lives So so we're always trying to go the ran man route, even though it's a little pricier, but it's very Target specific for Downey and so, you know with all the rains that we had in June and July and early July we felt like the smart play and we did start seeing some downy mildew cropping up much earlier than normal. [00:27:21] If, if we see it at all, that is. in that, at that point you want to make the call, you know, Hey, I want to get out in front of this thing. I don't want downy on my fruit. You know, if you start seeing it on growing tips, I think it was the 4th of July or the 2nd of July or something we were scouting and we were getting a lot of rain at that point and it was very humid and it was just like rain every other day for about a week there and it's like you gotta pivot and, and make the move to something that's really going to provide. control there. [00:27:52] For the soft program at that point, we were trying to use, I believe we use serenade, you know, which is more broad spectrum as far as biologicals go. We knew we wanted to keep it going after the, , the Downey with the soft chemistry. And that's why we got into the orange oil as well. [00:28:10] Craig Macmillan: Oh, interesting. [00:28:11] Andrew Fles: to, Yeah, that's, that wasn't in the proposal that I sent you, but we did pivot. I couldn't get. The cinerate it was, I was told it was on the West coast, growers were hoarding it and none of it, none of it made it over this way. I was really hoping to get my hands on some of it. [00:28:28] I've already pre ordered my 2025 cinerate. [00:28:32] Craig Macmillan: And Cinerate is a cinnamon oil based product, right? [00:28:36] Andrew Fles: Correct. Yeah. Cinnamon oil. oil. Yeah, it's another oil. [00:28:39] Yeah. Yeah. It's another one of those kind of antimicrobial oils, if you will. Um, So we pivoted to, to orange oil and thyme oil. TimeGuard has been, is a product that's been out for a number of years now. We've used it before, , we haven't really relied on it as much in the past. As, as we did with this soft treatment. [00:28:59] Craig Macmillan: Tell me a little bit more about what the outcomes have been at this point. We talked about the the pinot noir a little bit. We talked about the Rose Shafter showing up there a little bit more. At, at the end of the day, the end of the season. How did you feel about it? How did you feel about comparing the two [00:29:15] Andrew Fles: you know, it felt, it felt really good. It seemed like the soft program kept pace with the conventional for the most part. In the Pinot Noir, we had we had some more rose chaffer damage, of course, but without doing a, a full on research trial, it's hard to say that it was the treatment alone because of, as I mentioned, the location was a big factor. [00:29:38] With the downy mildew, it seemed to be a little more prevalent, certainly in the Pinot Noir on the, on the soft program that is but it never got to the point and I was, I was always ready to go in with whatever I needed to, because we don't want to have a defoliation and not being able to ripen fruit, you know, the fruit and, and especially in such a great growing year. [00:30:01] we never really resorted to. You know, breaking the glass and, and grabbing the ax and running out there and like, and it was emergency, you know, we never, we never had to do that. There was a moment there in July where, you know, where would the downy pressure we thought maybe. [00:30:19] Maybe we would have to abandon it, but then things dried up and we kept after things with with some of these, these things like thyme oil and orange oil. Getting good coverage with them is so important. But getting those on at the right time really seemed to provide enough control. [00:30:37] Craig Macmillan: Actually that's a, that's an excellent point. Let's talk about the phenology a little bit. How, for the varieties that you're growing, how big are these canopies getting? What's the spacing that they're planted on? How many gallons per acre are you using in your spray applications to get good coverage? [00:30:54] Andrew Fles: Yeah, so for the purpose of the project I stuck with 50 gallons an acre throughout the season. Which even, even for the conventional portion, traditionally I'll, I'll start with 30 gallons an acre aside from the dormant spray, of course, but like, you know, early season sprays until the canopy becomes a little denser, , I'll be at 30 gallons an acre and then probably mid July post bloom, right around bloom, perhaps , we'll ramp up the conventional to 50 gallons as well. [00:31:26] For the purposes of this, we just did 50 gallons across the board, both treatments. a lot of the canopy is well, it's really all VSP except for the vignole. Vignole is high wire cordone. And then we're talking nine by five spacing. The vinifera as well, which is pretty common around here. Double geo some spur pruning. We've really developed a kind of a hybrid system where we do a little bit of, we kind of mix cane and spur , , and alternate those in, in some of our venefera programs. [00:31:57] Craig Macmillan: And in, on the same plant? [00:31:59] Andrew Fles: Yeah. Sometimes. [00:32:01] Yeah. [00:32:01] Craig Macmillan: one side, gator the other. [00:32:03] Andrew Fles: What that does for us you know, where we get. Or we can at least, you know, and we can, sometimes we can lose a whole cane , or a lot of buds. I don't want to get too in the weeds on, on what that system is, but, but it's really developed around being able to quickly replace and adapt to cold damage. [00:32:24] And so if we need to go in and cut a trunk out, we've already got a cane growing from down low, if that makes any sense. [00:32:31] Craig Macmillan: No, that does make sense. And it's a practice that I'm familiar with from other areas in the Midwest, the North, the Northeast. Very, very smart. But that's a very different canopy architecture than you might find someplace that's all VSP. Or, you know, a double canopy situation maybe like in New York. [00:32:48] How comfortable are you now? After going through this, it sounds like you liked the softer program, you feel you got good control on most things. But if I'm understanding you correctly, you're not afraid to keep some other, other tools in the toolbox, basically. [00:33:05] Andrew Fles: Right. Yeah. And I think a big purpose of this program was to investigate some of these products. I want to highlight Problad Verde as well. [00:33:14] That's. Another one that's been out there and we've used it before as well. You know, I did a trial with Tim Miles's lab on and Rufus doing a sour rot trial in Pinot Noir in the past with pro, and it was just kind of a end of the season application of Problad with I believe we use delegate or in trust. [00:33:34] I can't remember. One of them and, this project, the SARE project was really looking at problad as being more of the backbone , of it. And, and so we ended up using that for the soft treatment pre bloom, post bloom. And then again, at version, because it has similar to jet egg, it's kind of a disinfectant, right? [00:33:57] It's this lupine seed extract that, that is a. That is a disinfectant and so it's going to go in, but because it, it's advertised anyway as having some systemic activity, [00:34:09] Craig Macmillan: Mm [00:34:10] Andrew Fles: systemic properties, that's, that's key for us in the east here. Because, hey, if we get a half inch of rain, well, it's still kind of in the leaf or it's still in some of that green flower tissue. [00:34:24] Before it opens up and blooms and so, really working problad in as instead of a kind of just end of the season toy it's really became, became the backbone of the tritus control for us in this, in this trial. And then again, looking at some of these oils, I think there's a lot of promise for. the orange oil in particular, I've, I've been seeing more and more research coming out about how you know, it does work on Downy and we did see that you know, even though we had an increase in Downy infection man, it could have been a lot worse. It was still at an acceptable level. [00:35:02] And so I think, I think I'm going to feel more and more comfortable using those products. [00:35:07] Craig Macmillan: You've demonstrated to yourself. And that's what the, that's how it works, and that's what everybody needs, to have some confidence. Which I think is really great, I was very impressed by the idea of trying things that maybe are not widely used, were not widely tested outside of maybe the West Coast, and to be able to show efficacy on your property, I think is really important. [00:35:27] I think it's one thing many of us have learned about softer materials. They may or may not work depending on what your pressure is. And that can vary region to region, but it can also vary within a region. It definitely can vary year to year, so having that flexibility that you've built into this program is very admirable. What would you say are the big picture benefits of the soft pesticide program at this point? [00:35:48] Andrew Fles: Hopefully just to increase awareness of, of how they can be effective for folks here in Michigan or, or similar climates, New York and Canada, I should say I don't think , this SARE project alone is, is going to be any sort of groundbreaking news, but I think it's just another verification and if we start to have more and more of them people will believe more and more in these products because it's just, it's at that point, it's word of mouth, right? [00:36:21] It's more and more growers are starting to back it. And, or experiment with it at least and, and see results, I think a lot of growers are very word of mouth oriented anyway. [00:36:34] So, uh, so it's very important, like, Oh, Hey, what did you try last year? And I think there's plenty of that going on in our area. [00:36:42] A bunch of us anyway, we seem to network pretty well and, and trust each other. , Oh, I use this at this key time and it really proved effective. So I think just bringing more and more awareness to these soft programs or these soft products, I should say. , and I can't really speak to the sustainability of. Farming lupin seed for for a fungicide product, you know, I can't, speak to that, but I want to believe that it's, it's a more sustainable product than, you know something that was made in a factory and, and might have petrochemicals in it. [00:37:19] Craig Macmillan: Well, it might have resistance issues as well, I think is one of the key things. And by the way, both programs I thought were very intelligent. I think like in terms of the frack rotations in the sustainable one, I thought that was really well done. Is, is there one thing that you would tell growers? [00:37:35] What's the one takeaway you would tell people from this project? You just kind of touched on one, but is there a message here for people? [00:37:43] Andrew Fles: I think the message is, you know, that we have to be really careful in crafting our. Spray program to the season that we have. If we were getting A lot more rain in September than what we ended up having I mean, we were, we were in pretty severe drought here. I think the soft program could still work. [00:38:03] But you have to choose the product and probably apply it much more frequently. You know, you have to go in and respond to those rains. , or even maybe perhaps be ready to pivot to something that is synthetic and systemic and curative. You know, maybe you have to go in with a hammer, but that doesn't mean that, you know, the majority of this growing season can't be done in a very soft way. [00:38:30] And so we're really just responding to that weather. But I think if this is our focus , to use these softer chemistries on things that we're going to drink or eat, even if it's vegetables, I think that these products are becoming better and better and there's becoming more and more of them, which is really encouraging to see you know, 10 years ago, maybe we had serenade and And you know, a couple of other products, but now, now there's, they're really becoming prevalent. [00:38:58] And so I think the take home is, is crafting that spray program with these new found tools that we have. Problads, , your crop, , your what, what should I call them? Like your aromatic oils, lack of better term, like orange oil, thyme oil, cinnamon oil. You know, I think these things do have a place. [00:39:17] Craig Macmillan: Where can people find out more about you? [00:39:19] Andrew Fles: Well, they can visit ShadyLaneCellers. com and there's stuff in there about our farm and in what we do and where we are, who we are a little bit. And then also there will be, and I could get you this information if you're interested, so this spring meeting where we're going to present the results of this believe we'll have a Zoom link option. [00:39:43] Craig Macmillan: As a reference date, this is being recorded in February of 2025. And so spring meeting will be coming up in a few months from here. I'm not sure when this will air, but even anything is fantastic. So I really want to thank you for being on the episode. Our guest today was Andy Fless, he's Vineyard Manager at Shadyland Cellars and you've been a great guest. Hey, thanks for being on the podcast. [00:40:03] Andrew Fles: My pleasure, Craig. Thanks a lot for having me. [00:40:08] Beth Vukmanic: Thank you for listening. Today's podcast was brought to you by Martinez Orchards. Martinez Orchards is one of the most trusted and respected names in the nursery business. They have earned that reputation through years of hard work, honesty, integrity, and a commitment to their customers. They provide support with their knowledgeable salespeople and highly experienced production team. They know successful plantings allow them to fulfill their promises, and they strive to build lasting relationships with their customers based on a foundation of mutual steadfast trust. [00:40:40] Make sure you check out the show notes for links to Andy at Shady Lane Plus. Sustainable wine Growing podcast episodes 117. Grapevine Mildew Control with UV Light 219 Intelligent sprayers to improve fungicide applications and save money. And 235, battling fungicide resistance with glove sampling. [00:41:03] If you liked this show, do us a big favor by sharing it with a friend, subscribing and leaving us a review. You can find all of the podcasts@vineyardteam.org slash podcast and you can reach us at podcast@vineyardteam.org. [00:41:16] Until next time, this is Sustainable Wine Growing with the Vineyard team.   Nearly perfect transcription by Descript

Matthew Gates (@syncangel) is an IPM Specialist and Entomologist and he joins us this week to talk the dreaded Powdery Mildew and to answer some community based questions.01:16 Introduction to Matthew Gates04:55 Importance of a Prevent IPM Plan07:40 The Setup for a Preventative IPM Plan12:50 Environmental conditions to prevent against Powdery Mildew15:25 Concept of Pathology Pyramid18:54 Making a disruptive environment for pathogens like Powdery Mildew 21:18 Is there a level of pest tolerance thats allowable? (question from OKCalyxx)24:00 Are some cannabis genetics more resistant to Powdery Mildew and pests?36:20 Can pathogens, like Botrytis, Fusarium, HLVD be passed through seeds?43:30 Is calcium and magnesium important for fending off Powdery mildew?Community Questions:57:00 IPMO and Beauveria Bassiania 1:05:27 Dealing with Caterpillars on your cannabis in week 3 or 4 of flower1:13:07 How to deal with Western Flower Thrips?1:14:45 How does electricity (electroculture) effect the root zone in regards to IPM? 1:16:45 How careful do I need to be when caring for an indoor tent when I have Powdery Mildew and tar spot (Rhytisma acerinum) present outside?1:23:30 Can you stop Powder Mildew Outdoors?1:25:20 Will snow kill my outdoor cannabis plants?1:32:45 Why does Powdery mildew love Zinnias?Support this FREE show by supporting these amazing small businesses:http://www.okcalyxxshop.comhttp://www.rubberduckyisopods.comhttp://www.MIBeneficials.comhttp://www.zenthanol.com#notill #organic #growyourown #biochar #nutrientcycle #regenerativeagriculture #familyrunbusiness #naturalfarming #notillgardening #notill soil #livingsoil #cannabiscommunity #livingorganicsoil #gardening #notillfarming #organicgarden #soilfoodweb #biodiversity #bioactive #terrarium #vivarium #isopods #beardeddragon #pestmanagement #integratedpestmanagement #mibeneficials #IPM #powderymildew

Welcome to the KSL Greenhouse show! Join hosts Maria Shilaos and Taun Beddes as they talk about all things plants, tackle your toughest gardening questions, and offer tips that can help you maintain a beautiful yard. Listen on Saturdays from 8am to 11am at 102.7 FM, 1160 AM, kslnewsradio.com, or on the KSL NewsRadio app. Follow us on Facebook and Instagram at @kslgreenhouse. Happy planting! #KSLGreenhouse  9:05  Feature: Preventing Powdery Mildew on Squash  9:20  When should I prune my Lilac bushes? When should I prune my fruit trees?  Am I over-watering my trees? How long should I wait after spraying my lawn before planting seeds? When is the best time to harvest my apples?  How do I kill spurge without killing grass?  9:35  Is it too late in the fall to be laying down sod? Why do my raspberries crumble when trying to harvest them? Should I cut off the peony leaves that have powdery mildew? What likes to eat clematis leaves? Will neem oil work for powdery mildew that’s already established? When is the best time to prune and train grapes?  9:50  Why is my flowering pear tree turning yellow? What is the best time to cut back grape vines? What are the mushrooms that are popping up in the shady spots in my lawn and how can I get rid of them? Is it too late to plant hyacinths and daffodils? What can be used to control orchard grass without killing the lawn? Is it too late to divide my iris bulbs? How can I keep Bermuda grass from spreading to the rest of my lawn? How do I get rid of necrotic ring spots? Do I need to wear a face mark when digging up plants with powdery mildew? 

Welcome to the KSL Greenhouse show! Join hosts Maria Shilaos and Taun Beddes as they talk about all things plants, tackle your toughest gardening questions, and offer tips that can help you maintain a beautiful yard. Listen on Saturdays from 8am to 11am at 102.7 FM, 1160 AM, kslnewsradio.com, or on the KSL NewsRadio app. Follow us on Facebook and Instagram at @kslgreenhouse. Happy planting! #KSLGreenhouse  Here’s what we covered this week:  Plant of the week: Chrysanthemums  9 o’clock feature: Preventing Powdery Mildew on Squash  10 o’clock feature: Preparing Your Garden for Next Spring  And more of your questions and concerns! 

It's Dan Fillius' birthday (July 18th), and Justin Glisan provides weather information from his birth date in 1980. The weather forecast for the coming week is seasonal with a 30% chance of thunderstorms and temperatures in the low to mid 80s. They discuss recent weather events, including a heat dome and a derecho that affected the Midwest. An EF1 tornado moved through the Des Moines metro area, causing damage but no injuries or fatalities. Dan shares information about a recent Zoom call organized by the University of Wisconsin for growers to ask questions about plant diseases. They discuss various plant issues, including: A potential tobacco mosaic virus affecting peppers and tomatoes Squash bugs hatching and control methods Powdery mildew prevention and treatment Aster yellows in garlic crops (lack of!) Garlic rust observed in Decorah The hosts mention that they will be away next week, but a special podcast about weather stations will be released. The next regular episode will be in the first week of August.

•Historical weather note: Unusually cool weather and frost reported in parts of Iowa on June 21-22, 1902. • Recent weather highlights: Southeast Iowa has been experiencing dryness, reflected in the drought monitor. Northern Iowa has received about 2 inches of rain in the last two weeks. High wind events caused damage to greenhouses and tunnels in northeastern Iowa. • Weather forecast: Unsettled pattern with chances of showers and thunderstorms. Temperatures in the 90s expected early next week. Northern Iowa may see 3-5 inches of rain in the next 36 hours. At least an inch of rain expected statewide. • Recent weather events: Dryness in southeastern Iowa High wind events in northeastern Iowa damaging farm structures Large hail in western Iowa • Climate outlook: Warmer than average temperatures predicted for the next 6-14 days and through September. Mixed precipitation signals: wetter in short-term July may end up being downgraded to "equal chances" • Crop and pest updates: Japanese beetles are starting to appear. Powdery mildew affecting peas. Black raspberries are highly productive this year. Strawberry season is ending; time for field renovation. Downy mildew affecting some sunflowers Leaf hoppers causing damage to various crops Sweet corn expected around second week of July for many growers Garlic scapes affected by anthracnose Imported cabbage worm moths and damage observed on brassicas. Sap beetles seen in peonies and Napa cabbage. • Irrigation systems are being set up due to drier conditions and warmer forecasts. Summary created using Claude.ai and Perplexity.ai

What's growing in Keith's garden? Flowers, trees and of course lots of edibles. This week we take a closer look at what's happening in his beloved garden.The trial garden - what's living up to expectation and what's not! Some disappointing new varieties of Rudbeckia. Agastache and salvias are always winners and eryngium (Sea Holly) also performing well.Keith's edible garden - late tomatoes due to cooler summer, more zucchini and cucumbers than he knows what to do with and avocados are fruiting! Issues with brown rot has seen Keith drying stone fruit using his Ezidri dehydrator.Late summer planting - Keith suggests lettuce, carrots, beetroot seeds or seedlings, Brussel sprout seedlings (Keith recommends Quality Plants & Seedlings but may have sold out).Other jobs - Summer pruning of fruit trees after the fruit, deadheading of spent flowers and light cutback to encourage late flowering, aerating soil (use a broadfork - check out F.D Ryan's) and mulching.Pests and diseases - Black spot on roses can be treated with 50/50 milk/water applied on a sunny day or copper spray like Kocide. Blossom end rot can occur due to high acidity - prevent/treat by adding Dolomite lime to soil before planting to stabilise pH. Powdery mildew - avoid  by cutting out competing plants and ensuring soil is well fertilised and mulched. Rust - burn out by encouraging new growth (speed up with high nitrogen fertiliser). Passionfruit leaf-hopper, Springtail and other “critters” can be avoided and treated with ECO Neem and Eco OilHappy Summer gardening!Where you can find all things Muddy Boots!Website: https://www.muddyboots.net.au/Instagram: www.instagram.com/muddybootspodcast/ Facebook: Muddy Boots Podcast | Facebook

Torrential rain has left people isolated with dwindling food, water and fuel supplies in Far North Queensland, helium could soon be produced in South Australia and getting your mail in the outback. 

Welcome to The KSL Greenhouse Show! Join hosts Maria Shilaos and Taun Beddes as they talk all things plants, tackle your toughest gardening questions, and offer tips that can help you maintain a beautiful yard. Listen every Saturday from 8am to 11am at 102.7 FM, 1160 AM, kslnewsradio.com, or on the KSL NewsRadio App. Follow us on Facebook and Instagram at @kslgreenhouse. Happy planting! #KSLGreenhouse  10:05  Feature: Christmas Gift Ideas for Gardeners  10:20  Topics: Snowball bush, Sequoia, Powdery mildew, Amaryllis, Yew, Tulip bulbs, Orchid, Fertilizing, Meyer lemon tree  Questions: When should I prune my snowball bush, How do I keep my sequoia alive, Why is there powdery mildew on my pumpkin plant, Why are there no leaves on my amaryllis, When should I plant my yew plants, Can I plant my tulip bulbs now, When and how do I repot an orchid, Should I be fertilizing my amaryllis right now while it’s blooming for better success next year, What happened to all the blossoms on my Meyer lemon tree  10:35  Topics: Christmas cactus, Repotting, Soil  Questions: How do I prevent the blossoms on my Christmas cactus from falling off, How do I know when it’s time to repot a Christmas cactus, What soil is best for a Christmas cactus  10:50  Topics: Morning glory, Grass seeds, Apple tree  Questions: How do I prevent morning glory from spreading throuhgout my lawn, Would spraying grass seeds now and put a light layer of Peat Moss give my lawn an early start when it warms up again, Can I give my apple trees a light trim this time of year 

Welcome to The KSL Greenhouse Show! Join hosts Maria Shilaos and Taun Beddes as they talk all things plants, tackle your toughest gardening questions, and offer tips that can help you maintain a beautiful yard. Listen every Saturday from 8am to 11am at 102.7 FM, 1160 AM, kslnewsradio.com, or on the KSL Newsradio App. Follow us on Facebook and Instagram at @kslgreenhouse. Happy planting! #KSLGreenhouse  9:05  Feature: Pruning raspberries, blackberries and gooseberries 9:20  Topics: Tomato seeds, Maple trees, Rubarbs, Peonies Questions: Can tomato seeds be refridgerated, Is it too late to plant maple trees, When to transplant rubarbs and peonies, Is it too late to put down iron on maple 9:35  Topics: Fertilizer, Chelated iron, Seeding, Trimming roses, Mahonia Oregon grapes, Peonies Questions: Is it too late for fertilizing the lawn, Is it ok to prune roses now, Is it a good time to transplant Mahonia Oregon grape, Is it ok to plant a peonies where a pine tree used to be 9:50  Topics: Peach trees, Powdery mildew, Sod  Questions: Is it too late to plant peach trees, Will powdery mildew go away as the Winter progresses, How late into the year can sod be planted

Powdery mildew affects every type of crop on the farm (except Christmas TREES!). However, the type of mildew that affects each species is different. That means you cannot get cross-infection between crops or weeds. Mildew thrives in warm humid conditions, but actually doesn't like being sprayed with water!   We talk about how to prevent powdery mildew and control methods for when you have a crop that is starting to become infected. If you are currently suffering from powdery mildew, check out Eutrema's bio-fungicide Chitosan.

Powdery mildew is everywhere as the season gets warmer. Can you stop it? Learn more from U of MN extension horticulturalist Julie Weisenhorn. ext.umn.edu

Pretty flowers in autumn – some are huge and some have really deep colours.  Varieties are numerous in all sorts of colours and shapes and sizes; small ones, huge ones; (doubles, singles, “waterlilies”, breeders have been pretty active in this field, especially Dr Keith Hammett – ex DSIR in Auckland)  NOW's the time to scout around finding what you might like yourself.  Café au Lait Le Baron Kennemer Land  You can buy them as plants (often cuttings) or, more commonly, as “tubers” (root structures, long-ish “bulbs”) from which the plants grow;  Planting in Spring after frosty times have stopped; (established plants in the soil the tubers are reasonably protected from frosts, but newly planted tubers need frost protection!!)  Where to plant those Tubers? Well-drained soil to avoid rotting; alternative: raise the bed to create a well-drained medium.  Healthy soil with decent amount of compost, rock phosphate and lime – general fertiliser N-P-K.  It pays to cover the plants with a good layer of compost (3 inches thick at least). It really sets them up for decent growth in spring and summer and it keeps weeds at bay; it also keeps moisture in the soil during hot, dry summers  They do need a bit of space (almost a meter), so they can expand and keep sunlight on their leaves.  Pick flowers late Summer – Autumn… with a bit of luck they'll provide colour for a long time!  Insects and fugal problems can be a pain in the in bum:  Powdery mildew (a real autumn fungus on the leaves) can be slowed down by spraying copper sprays on the leaves when nights are getting cooler and dew settles on the leaves. Copper stops the fungal spores from starting their dastardly journey  Katydids often go undetected as they emerge later in afternoon and evening, making a ZZdits sound; they chew the flowers petals making the symmetrical look slightly less symmetrical  Earwigs hide inside the flower heads and chew whole petals, shredding the flowers and creating a very grumpy Julie;  Mind you, those earwigs do a fabulous job in all other months of the year by being predators of aphids and such real plant pests!!! See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

In this video, we delve into the truth about powdery mildew on plants and answer the age-old question: can you really clean it up? Powdery mildew is a common fungal disease that affects a wide range of plants and can be a real headache for gardeners. In this video, we take a closer look at the causes of powdery mildew and the different methods you can use to get rid of it. We explore some of the myths and misconceptions surrounding this disease, as well as the results of scotty doing gnarly tricks treating powdery mildew. Whether you're a seasoned gardener or just starting out, this video is a must-watch for anyone dealing with powdery mildew on their plants.

In this video, we delve into the truth about powdery mildew on plants and answer the age-old question: can you really clean it up? Powdery mildew is a common fungal disease that affects a wide range of plants and can be a real headache for gardeners. In this video, we take a closer look at the causes of powdery mildew and the different methods you can use to get rid of it. We explore some of the myths and misconceptions surrounding this disease, as well as the results of scotty doing gnarly tricks treating powdery mildew. Whether you're a seasoned gardener or just starting out, this video is a must-watch for anyone dealing with powdery mildew on their plants.

Soft crispy powdery reformed gym chalk crumbles and oddly satisfying asmr sounds. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/asmrfamilia/message Support this podcast: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/asmrfamilia/support

Powdery mildew can be frustrating. Sprays and dunks only mask the problem. In this episode I will help you correct the room and solve the problem forever. VISIT https://www.iriedirect.com for the latest drops! Use coupon code IRIE to save 10%! ETSY https://www.etsy.com/shop/IrieGiftsLLC PATREON https://www.patreon.com/GrowFromYourHeart DISCORD https://discord.gg/auvnphqcbB Irie Direct https://www.iriedirect.com www.iriegenetics.com

Welcome to The KSL Greenhouse Show! Hosts Maria Shilaos and Taun Beddes tackle your gardening questions, talk plants, and offer tips for an amazing yard. Listen Saturdays 8am to 11am at 1160 AM & 102.7 FM, kslnewsradio.com, or on the KSL Newsradio App. Follow us on Facebook and Instagram at @kslgreenhouse. #KSLGreenhouse  Listeners have Mugo pines with dead leaves. Taun talks about getting rid of powdery mildew in vegetable boxes. Tim is looking to reseed his lawn and wants to know what to do to prep the lawn.  See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Today I speak with François de Nicolay from Domaine Chandon de Briailles in Savigny-les-Beaune, Burgundy. The 14 hectare biodynamic domaine started experimenting with spraying with skim milk instead of sulfur against powdery mildew in 2013. Powdery mildew (oidium in French) is a major fungal disease that affects vitis vinifera worldwide by decreasing grape quality and yield.  Francois talks about how milk works as a preventative and curative measure, as well its advantages and disadvantages.  @chandon.de.briailles

Twas the week b4 Xmas. All through my nose. White powder dancing. Snow flakes galore. White Xmas. Powdery joy. Mountains of cocoa. Chemically. Crispy: tin foil hats. Blue veins. Red nosed. Melting skin. Rotten entrails. Decaying dreams. Bleeding anus. Crusty face sores. This is Constantly. A Chemist. Arrives to my abode. Mixing strange liquids from vials. Vile humans! He chants as he Balances. And balances the equations. A spoonful. Takes the strongest down. A sniff of it. Down. Down. Down. Or up. If god is the devil and they agree on anything!?. Earth is one possibility. The universe unending. Heaven got me tweaking. I'll earn wings one day oh glory. Flying and flying away and away. As I sing. Hallelujahs bye and buy. Slow breathing. Heart dropping. Toes cold. Brain flickering. Memories I forgotten. Life and all that happens. Drugged my spirits. So I can see. The satellites pointing at me. Supposedly. Snapping. Crackling. My life voyeurs enjoying. Voyager 69 & a bottle of your darkest spirit. Blow it all up to start all over. Like the big bang. When I cum. Yeah so. This planet calls me last night. Through my dreams and thoughts. Sent images of aliens feasting on us. Your people perish for lack. I said lack of guts. Slime oozing from alien eyes. Smeared on my face. The reality you partake of. Is fake. You'll know soon enough. How fake it all is. Try this as a test. Do good instead. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

UV lamps have been used in the medical field, food processing, and sterilization for 75 years but application on plant disease management only began in the 1990s. UV light is a natural component of sunlight. The most harmful wavelengths like UVC are screened out by our ozone layer. DNA damaging UVB does reach the surface, however, most organisms can utilize blue light to repair the damage.   David Gadoury, Plant Pathologist at Cornell University, is part of a large team of international researchers testing this technology on a variety of crops. Because there can be significant differences in environments, pest pressure, and times of year crops are impacted, it is important to trial this methodology globally. Powdery mildew microorganisms live in a sunlight-filled world so they use the sun's natural blue light to repair UV damage. More recently, scientists found that UV light for pest management is much more effective when used at night when microorganisms cannot employ the repair process. So far, trials have found that UV light is most effective against powdery mildews. In the best treatment scenarios, control is on par with the best available fungicides. And now, UV light treatments are being paired with autonomous robots, providing potentially even greater efficiencies to growers. References: 2: The Goldilocks Principle & Powdery Mildew Management 79: Grapevine Fungal Diseases CleanLight David Gadoury | mailto:dmg4@cornell.edu Light and Plant Health Robots armed with UV light fight grape mildew SAGA Robotics SIP Certified Sustainable Ag Expo Get More Subscribe on Google Play, iHeartRADIO, iTunes, Spotify, Stitcher, TuneIn, or wherever you listen so you never miss an episode on the latest science and research with the Sustainable Winegrowing Podcast. Since 1994, Vineyard Team has been your resource for workshops and field demonstrations, research, and events dedicated to the stewardship of our natural resources. Learn more at www.vineyardteam.org.

Powdery mildew can be devastating to many crops and it is highly infectious so can spread quickly in your garden if you don't get control of it. In this episode I chat about what it is, how to avoid it and how to manage it when you've got it.

Himrod Farm Supply is our local farm shop near the winery.  It’s run by some of our local Mennonites, and considering its rather small footprint, always seems to have everything we need for the vineyard and the winery.  Whenever you visit, you’re bound to run into someone you know.  Last week, I ran into a friend who is a vineyard manager, someone I hope to bring on the show in our second season, and we were discussing the vintage so far.  We shared the fact that with some varietals, we are well ahead of last year.  We also shared some of the frustrations with the increasing disease pressure, specifically powdery mildew.  Warm temperatures and high humidity are the key ingredients for its spread.  Powdery mildew is actually a fungus, and spread by spores that seek out the living tissue, generally the leaves this time of year, to spread and propagate.  Aptly named, powdery mildew leaves a white fungus on the leaves, and will ultimately damage the leaf tissue.  This is problematic, because it will inhibit photosynthesis and ultimately impact grape development.  The increase in pressure is giving some growers flashbacks to 2018, that most challenging of vintages, where heat and moisture were at record levels and resulted in an incredible amount of difficulty in the vineyards.  Speaking of heat and growing degree day accumulation, as of July 5, we are currently at 1047.6 growing degree days. As usual, we try to put that in context by looking at some past vintages.  For the same date in 2020, we were at 990.1.  In 2019, we had only clocked 886, and in the warm dry vintage of 2016, we were also at 934.  Recalling the zombie apocalypse vintage of 2018, we were at 1105.  We continue to skew slightly warmer than usual.  Our ten day outlook is showing temperatures continuing to teeter between the mid 70’s and mid 80’s, but with increases in the number of days with rain.  One thing I learned very quickly when I moved to the Finger Lakes from California, was the saying that if you don’t like the weather, wait five minutes.  Oftentimes, forecasts for rain do not mean we will have precipitation all day.  Rather, storms will work their way through the region, dropping a quarter to a half an inch of rain and then returning to sunnier conditions.  This is one of the reasons drain tile is so important in the Finger Lakes.  To recap, drain tile is essentially perforated pipe, strategically placed throughout the vineyard and draining to a main line that then ejects the excess water into a naturally draining location.  Several things are important with regard to this.First drain tile really helps evacuate that excess moisture, resulting in the ability to get back into the vineyard to work quickly.  In years like this, it is important that we are able to reenter the vineyard with a tractor as quickly as possible so that we can apply sprays to combat powdery mildew.  It’s also important for the vines, because, as we say, vines hate wet feet.Consequently, drain tile must be installed in a manner that allows you to draw as much excess water out of the vineyard as possible.  In this shot from our vineyard, you can see how we installed the drain tile in a manner that helps the water drain at an angle, down hill, into the main line.  As stewards of the land, we also must recognize that the water we drain from our vineyards will end up in Seneca Lake, as we are on the watershed for the lake.  This increases our responsibility to farm in a manner that is lake conscious, and considerate of our environment.  Excess nutrients, particularly nitrogen and phosphorus, can contribute to nutrient imbalances in the lakes that will foster the growth of algaes that are dangerous for aquatic and human life.  Many people who live around the lake get their drinking water from the lake, and we always need to be sure we are protecting this resource.  Like so many technologies, whether they be cement or aqueducts, the ancient Romans actually invented drain tile, but the knowledge wasn’t applied in the US until the 19th century.  A quick reference of the Wikipedia page on drain tile, note that Both Cato the Elder and Pliny the Elder reference drain tile for easing excess water on farmland as early as 200 BC.  It was introduced in the US in 1838, by John Johnston, not too far from here in Seneca County, where he laid 72 miles of clay tiling pipe on 350 acres.  His efforts increased his yield of wheat from 12 to 60 bushels per year, and became part of his three pronged rule for farming success, D-C-D, or dung, credit, and drainage.  Drain tile is another feature of Finger Lakes grape growing that isn’t as common in warmer grape growing regions.  In my ten years in the Finger Lakes, there has only been one vintage where we were really concerned about drought.  Most of the time, the problem is excess water, and all the issues that stem from that.  Drain tile is one way to alleviate excess rainfall, and help us get back into the vineyard and address the other problems we face.  If you like this podcast, please be sure to rate us 5 stars in Apple podcasts and like our videos on YouTube.  It really helps with the ratings and in introducing new folks to the show.  Be sure to tune in next week, where I speak with Derek and Stacey Edinger, founders of the newly established Brewery Ardennes in Geneva New York.  Brand new to the industry, they opened their Brewery on Memorial Day, 2021, and are already making a big splash in the region.  Their diverse experience and entrepreneurial drive are inspiring.  And if you missed it, check out our audio only special Fourth of July podcast, where I talk with Alex Robb of Rootstock Ciderworks about America’s original craft beverage, cider. Get full access to The Viti+Culture Podcast Newsletter at viticulturepodcast.substack.com/subscribe

How many actors does it take to change a light bulb...only one cause they don't like to share the spot light othing welcomes in the month of June better then our new friend Jeff Rogers. Jeff has been in the Chicago improve scene for over 25 years. He is a Second City Alumni and has revitalized the Players Workshop, a Chicago staple for Improve instruction. Jeff shares some of his comedy experiences as well as his new book, The Players Mindset. A book for unleashing your inner power of improv to improve your everyday life for success. Check it out today. Have a great day everyone! Support Fiddly Dicking Merch Store - fiddlyshop.com (https://www.fiddlyshop.com) Tip Jar - Donate Today (https://www.paypal.com/donate?hosted_button_id=MJJXJ895WU3NY) Executive Producer Subcription - Subscribe Today (https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=8N2S6DUXNGF3E) NEW!! - Search 'Fiddly Dicking Podcast' on Clubhouse and give us a follow. Twitter: @fdicking (https://twitter.com/FDicking) Facebook: Fiddly Dicking Facebook Page (https://www.facebook.com/fiddlydicking/) Instagram: Fiddly Dicking Instagram (https://www.instagram.com/fiddlydicking/)

Better Lawns and Gardens Hour #1 – Gardening experts Tom MacCubbin and Teresa Watkins converse with Dana Venrick, Quality Green Specialists on the many varieties of fruit trees that can be grown in Zones 8 – 12.  Garden topics, questions, and texts include, Powdery mildew on crape myrtle, citrus tree suckering, squirrel issues, roses, impatiens, pink grapefruit not growing or fruiting, how to get rid of torpedo grass, and more. Teresa's third book, "A Gardener's Compendium Volume 3 Gardening with The Senses" is now out! Photo Credit:  UF/IFAS Listen to Better Lawns and Gardens every Saturday 7am - 9am EST.  Call in with your garden questions 407.916.5400, 1.888.45.LAWNS, or text 23680.    #WFLF #WFLA #FNN #BetterLawns #gardening #Florida #planting #gardeninglife #podcast #radio #southflorida #northflorida #betterlawns #centralflorida #tropical #May #floridalife #photography #SHE #fertilizer #Spring #landscaping #fruits #trees  #Orlando #BLGradio #iHeart #iTunes

A freighter on Lake Erie experiences heavy storms. A salvage goes wrong. Conway reminisces about his past, and has a revelation about his present. (CWs: death, dead animal, brief gore, blood, body horror, insects, alcohol, derealization, deep water) Lyrics to "Farewell Song" originally published by Dick Burnett   TRANSCRIPT: CONWAY ON THE PHONE: Omens always come in threes. The dead rat on the porch should have been number one with a bullet. I put some water on the range for a pot of coffee yesterday morning. I was looking out the back window at the leftover frost glittering in the pink ribbons of early sunlight. I saw it lying there on the cement and couldn't let it just decay. I went out the back door and looked over the scene. Pretty big thing. Probably lived a nice long life eating from my garbage, all things said and done. It had a serious bite on its leg and its stomach was uh...well you know how sometimes your imagination is worse than anything you actually see? This wasn't one of those times. The kettle bubbled in the kitchen, letting off a trail of steam, and a fly buzzed around overhead. I fixed to move the poor deceased critter. Scooping it up with a shovel seemed awful undignified, though. I rummaged through the kitchen drawers and cabinets. I waffled between a paper bag and a shoe box. The kettle screeched and plumed on the stove behind me. I couldn't just dump the little guy in the trash, so I grabbed my garden trowel and made a small hole in the backyard. I laid the box in the grave, then covered its fur in soft earth. In time, it'll be earth itself once more, and plants will grow from its back that new rats eat. Needless to say, I'm out a pair of tongs and a shoebox now. Yeah, omens always come in threes, but not because of any natural or supernatural law. Humans are real good at pattern seeking, sometimes to our own detriment. It's just that it takes three strokes of bad luck for us to really pay attention; one bad thing--well, it is what it is. Two bad things? That's a coincidence. But three, and now you've a pattern. A chain of events. A story.  By then, Kenji'd been missing two weeks, and the angel was still in storage. It'd been a hell of a month. A missing person, an small town, mysterious letters and unexplained occurrences. It all felt a little...familiar. Almost cliche. But I'd been doing this gig for 6 years now and I wasn't about to give up my healthcare over that. Besides they pay me to read, not to think. And so I did read, one last time, for the Dead Letter Office of Somewhere, Ohio. *New introduction music* CONWAY: This is Conway, receiving clerk for the Dead Letter Office of ******* Ohio, processing the national dead mail backlog. The following audio recording will serve as an internal memo strictly for archival purposes and should be considered confidential. Need I remind anyone: public release of this or any confidential material from the DLO is a felony. Some names and places have been censored for the protection of the public.  Dead Letter 315, a weathered diary sent to the wife of a ship's engineer. It details the fate of a lost cargo ship called the Oneiros, slated to make a quick trip across Lake Erie in 1913. The entries that contain no pertinent information will be excised from the record. The remaining relevant passages read as follows. NARRATOR: Morning November 6, 1913. Embarking on a short voyage across the Erie, carrying a heavy load of cargo. Some twenty of us boarded the steamer Oneiros, a handsome ship, one of the finest freighters I've seen on the Great Lakes. Most aboard are able-bodied seamen, seasoned hands for the weather ‘sides one of the young cargo loaders, a Patrick, or Phillipe I think. USDA weather bureau noted a brisk easterly front, spots of rain for the upper lakes, calmer waters south. Crew seems in fine spirits despite the chill, the 3000 some gross tonnes of cargo, presumably coal and timber, secured below deck. I'm to look after the engine and its various components. Captain Ludic's a little daffy, assertively old-fashioned. Barking orders like he's a pirate king and we're his swabbies. Could have stepped right from the pages of Treasure Island, beard and all but for his soot black buttoned coat and hat. Seems no quack, though, and certainly knows his way round the ship. He's very particular about his cargo, and ordered that none of us enter the cargo hold unless he gives us his explicit permission. Should be no longer than a day's trip, then two days more before I see you again. It's lonely out here, I can only imagine how dire it is stuck at home alone. I pray that upon my safe return, this log of my activities and thoughts of you more than makes for the time apart. And perhaps then we shall marry. I will be thinking of you fervently. Evening the 6th of November, 1913. I've settled into my berth for the night after we've supped. How I wish you could join me. Captain Ludic took his meal on the deck, and I saw fit to join him. Conversation wasn't exactly enlightening. We took our meat and bread quietly, until a cold drizzle started pattering his old cap. He looked out at the overcast horizon, then he fixed his glazed eyes on me. His hard roll fell from his lap and bobbled across the deck unevenly for a yard before toppling. CAPTAIN LUDIC: “The Witch of Autumn, she's coming for us, lad.” NARRATOR: He spoke softly, and his crooked mouth hung open long after his last syllable. A bit of chicken hung from his scruff. CAPTAIN LUDIC: “The boys in the papers said t'would be calmer southward, but these old bones feel it coming. When my knuckles swell, when my teeth ache, and the heavens themselves break open, the winds carrying droplets of death, the witch will crest the white waves. She'll take us all if we're not vigilant. You mark my words, boy: beware the Witch of the White Squall, and those who would invite her with their careless yearnings. I fear there's one such man aboard now. You keep your heart hard and your eyes open, all 5 of 'em.” NARRATOR: He was panting after this warning. His lone gold incisor glittering among the row of stained teeth as his shoulders rose and fell. Then he burst out in laughter, a wheezing squeal that cut through the wind. He slapped me hard on the back. I spit out my whiskey at the impact and forced a chuckle. Needless to say I won't be spending my dining hours with that walking stereotype again unless I'm yearning for a fairy tale. I figure myself lucky I'll only be in his company for a short time. I can now hear the cold rain impacting the deck above my wool-wrapped womb. And something below in the cargo hold, though I can't tell its origin or purpose. Creaking, maybe footsteps. Perhaps something's come loose and Patrick or Phillipe is checking on it. I'll try not to fret over it. Until I see you again in the flesh, Caroline, I will continue our rendezvous in my dreams. Morning 7th of November 1913. I took breakfast below deck with Phillipe. The rain's still coming down and the wind blows cold, but Phillipe thinks it should clear by afternoon, and by then we'll have gone ashore. Like a bad fever, he says. Just have to wait for the break. The boy's from Montreal, took the rail down, then rode the canal before hauling lumber across the lake. He seems affable and handy enough. He's as wary of the captain as I, and he had some troubling news about our cargo. He's been loading lumber for about 10 months now, certainly not a master of his trade, but he says something was off about our freight. The tonnage is accurate, but one crate in particular severely outweighed the rest. Given the volume of the thing, he's convinced it can't be lumber, or even coal. He asked me if I knew any more about our voyage: who's paying us, where the lumber's going, but I had little to tell him. I'm not one for accounting. He seems concerned that we may be harboring something dangerous, and the captain won't tell us. I'd be inclined to agree. Though I'm not entirely convinced Ludic even knows what's down there himself. Whatever the cargo, we should be seeing the beacon from the lighthouse cutting through the fog any moment now, and I'll just be glad to be off this ship and in your arms. I do grow so melancholy on these trips without you. Evening the 7th of November 1913. We lost Terrence this afternoon. The storm has shown no signs of abating, despite the predictions of the men in the papers. Terry'd gone up top the pilothouse to help the captain navigate, as its windows were awash with rain. The lake was growing angry, waves breaking high as 10 feet. The boat was churning in the drip, swaying to and fro, threatening to take on water. Terrence was calling down directions to the captain when a wave suddenly rose double the height of the others. The ship lurched, and poor Terrence--with naught to hold onto--he was launched backward, slamming his head into the pole behind him. The crew rushed to the pilothouse but another swing of the freighter tossed him overboard. We scoured the waters for some time, until Captain Ludic ended the efforts and sent us to bed like a disappointed father.  Still no sign of land. We should have come ashore in Ohio by now, even at our slowed pace. At night, I imagine the two of us together once more, holding hands by the lake. It's only a drean, but...until then. Afternoon 8th of November 1913. CAPTAIN LUDIC: “I think we've got a rat problem aboard this vessel!” NARRATOR: The captain shouted over Neptune's angry bluster. He'd gathered the 19 of us that remained on the darkened deck in the freezing downpour. CAPTAIN LUDIC: “I know one of you's been below deck. Couple of the crates been pried open.” NARRATOR: He had us standing side by side, and walked the line up and down, hunched and frantic, his breath visible in large puffs. CAPTAIN LUDIC: “Who among ye disobeyed yer captain's orders?”  NARRATOR: He narrowed his bright eyes. CAPTAIN LUDIC: “Or so bereft were you of a woman's touch that you consorted with the witch? Ye accepted the company of the devil herself onto this freighter? Have ye no sense, lad? Must ye look death in her viscous eye and spit in it? Aye the witch draws near, and she'll scarce be satisfied with you, now she wants the whole crew, and all that we carry. Your base lust has pinned us all to Satan's dartboard.” NARRATOR: He had me and Phillipe take our boots off. He inspected the soles. We were the newest members of his crew, and apparently the least worthy of his trust. Rainwater poured down the front of his cap and trickled off his nose. The engine chugged and the steamer groaned against the bracing waves. He threw my boots back at me, squarely impacting my chest. I stumbled backward on the slippery wood. He stood upright in front of Phillipe and drew a long blade. CAPTAIN LUDIC: “Aye, that's about the size of it. Yes we've got a rat problem aboard this vessel and I aim to remedy it. Do you know what's down there, lad? Do you have any idea what that is we're hauling?” NARRATOR: Phillipe was shaking, shivering. His dark hair was matted, wet and stuck flat to his skull.  CAPTAIN LUDIC: “I'll not see it sink to the lake floor. Our cargo is more precious than any coin, or any of you scoundrels and lowlifes with your lascivious thoughts.”  NARRATOR: I propped myself up on my elbow, none too eager to draw Ludic's ire. CAPTAIN LUDIC: “White witch, take the boy! Let the thousand tongues of the deep rise and writhe! Let Neptune's breath whip the tide into knives, all cutting wind and choking froth. Come, come on your pelagic locusts, black as the moonless crusted tide. Take him to the sunless fathoms, entombed in barnacles. Stuff his mouth with algae and feed his eye jellies to the worms. Let your nautical insects drink his ichor and sup on his hair. Drag him down, drag him below the surf, where his soul will fester and rust among the reeds, forgotten in the scrap of a hundred ships, a thousand lives, hallowed out and timeless, unmoving as cold pitch. Take the boy who called to you and leave the Oneiros be.” NARRATOR: Spittle dotted his beard. He panted for several tense moments as freezing rain pelted the ship. The engine burbled and the stack belched black fire into the twilight. Then the captain thrust the knife forward, straight into Phillipe's core. I shot upright and charged the captain, but three other crewmen held me back: the captain had a pistol at his side, revealed as his thick coat swung open. Ludic slid the blade upward, gutting the poor lad from neck to navel. He burst like a beached whale onto the deck. The captain roared for someone to tie brick to the corpse and toss it overboard, where it sank unceremoniously out of view. I dreamt of you last night. You came to visit me in the bunk. You leaned over me and gently pressed your sweet lips against mine. I felt a jolt through my system and woke up. I shall hardly sleep this evening, and I shall hardly feel a more forceful loneliness in all my days. Afternoon November 9 1913. Mutiny. Of course mutiny was on the lips of half the crewman on this cursed freighter, myself included. The cold rain gave way to thick globs of snow overnight, now stinging in the hurricane winds. The ship is barely remaining upright among the massive waves. Everyone's freezing, hungry, furious. I gathered a few similar-minded seamen and huddled below deck as we planned our next move. The captain has his pistol, but we have numbers on our side. And a few blunt instruments could certainly bash some sense into him if our pretty words can't. This is for Phillipe, for Terrence, and for our miserable woebegone souls. Morning November 10th 1913. I could scarcely see my hands in front of me, nor the plank of lumber I was wielding. I and four others approached the pilothouse, now almost entirely coated in frost and long, sharp icicles. I pounded on the door and demanded to see Ludic. No response. I wrapped the door several more times. Nothing. The men and I shouldered the door open, only to find the wheel jammed the pilothouse empty. We'd been left rudderless by a craven fool. Then the winds fell silent, the snow diminished. The waves began to sink back into the lake. Several of the men aboard took to the lifeboats. They liked their chances better in a vessel they could actually steer now that the storm was clearing. JONATHAN: “It's a sucker's hole.” NARRATOR: One man, Jonathan, confided in me. JONATHAN: "Those buffoons are going to capsize and freeze out there as soon as the wind picks up again.” NARRATOR: I looked around at the frozen steamer. Ice hung from every surface. A westerly wind blew over us. I went below deck to check on the engine. While in the dark of the hold, I heard sleet impact the deck once more. The wind began howling, and the storm proceeded at such a force I could imagine the boat cleaving in twain. Unless we find a way to maneuver or god forbid find any sign of the captain, I'm doubtful we'll make it to shore. I shall be thinking of you even as I draw my final breaths and pray you visit my nighttime musings again. Evening November 11th 1913. I can hardly believe what I'm about to write myself, Caroline, but to the best of my storm-battered and hungry mind, it's true: Captain Ludic was right! The witch came for the Oneiros. I awoke to the sounds of heavy footfalls on deck. My head was hot and I felt a deep chill. Someone was shouting. I shook my hazy head and rose from my berth, coughing. A scream rang out. I crept along the hallway and neared the ladder. A wet, slurping slither, dragging along the ground. I hesitantly peered above. There was a sight I shan't forget for the rest of my life, for as long as that may be. Some manner of creature was on deck, a massive wingless insect with long, segmented legs. It had a small, pointed head and enormous round body, like an monstrous tick. One of the men on board, Jonathan I think, had found a harpoon and launched it at the beast, but it couldn't penetrate the thing's thick hide. It turned the man's direction, and a long, thin tongue unspooled from its head. The pink tendril slithered and writhed on the deck with frightening speed, extending dozens of feet and ensnaring the man. This slimy appendage wrapped around the crewman, tearing his flesh and exposing deep red blood. The beast rushed him, seemingly drawn by the blood. He was screaming, but he couldn't move. The tongue coiled around him, cutting him badly at every point of contact, opening his skin like a rotten orange peel. The giant thing squirmed and lapped at the blood spilling from the poor crewman, whose cries became weaker, quieter now, blending with the fury of the storm until they ceased completely. It pulled Jonathan's head to its mouth and began feasting on the damp strands of his dark hair. From the other end of the steamer, another insectoid rose, its legs clattering over the metal and wood as it climbed onto the deck. It joined its kin, its whip-like tongue probing the air for others to feed on. That's when I saw the pile of bodies behind them, all shredded and drained of their essence, scalps bald and raw. The bloodbugs began patrolling the freighter for stragglers, and it seemed I was the only one left.  I fled down the hallway, toward the cargo hold. Whatever the captain had said be damned. I hoped that the strong odor of the pine and coal would mask my own reek. I heard one of the things' legs trying the stairs. I frantically panned the room for somewhere to hide. I spotted a huge crate with a few planks pried off. I wormed my way through the opening and held my breath in the box. I heard the tongues slithering down hall in my wake. I clasped my hands and silently prayed to god with the fervor of a hundred choirs that I'd see you again once more. But my prayer was interrupted by a sound behind me. In the crate I could see a looming shape.  *Crackling and rumbling noises, same as in the Lighthouse* A sort of metallic invention, like a massive steam engine. It was smooth, dark, containing strange protrusions and angles unlike anything I'd seen before. It was quietly humming, with an occasional clang or thump. There was something else, too. A fleshy hand reached out into the light filtering in through the missing slats. A hand robed in a dark wool coat. A neck stretched out behind it, attached to a crooked bearded head. It smiled, and a gold incisor flashed in the dim light. I could see that it was Ludic, or part of him anyway. His hands and neck were elongated and stretched beyond man's limitation. His flesh gray and malleable, like putty. My gaze followed his distended arm down to where his shoulder should be, but all I found was iron. He had somehow...melted into the engine, or soldered himself to it. Metal and flesh twisted and fused, stringy skin hanging between folds of steel. I think he tried to speak, but all that came forth was a buzz, an electrical chattering like a broken telegraph. I felt sick, and ran from the crate. I sprinted past the sleeping quarters and up toward the deck. I was hit full force with the blistering might of the storm as I went topside. My eyelashes froze, my nervous sweat crystalized. I could barely see the bloodbugs at the other end of the deck through the blizzard. My vision went completely white as I dropped to my knees, violently ill and nearly frozen solid. Then through the pale wall she stepped, the Autumn Witch, the Woman of the White Squall. She bade her pests retreat, and stood before me. Her skin was glistening, and she wore not a single scrap of clothing to defend against the chill. Her hair shimmered and waved as if she was underwater. Her feet never touch the ground. She brushed her hand against my cheek, and an icy jolt shivered down my back. I looked into her eyes and saw wild, radiant love. A love conjured by a lonely sailor, now requited. A fevered love so bold it would kill. She leaned down close, and I could smell the salt breeze on her breath. She pressed her blue lips to my forehead, and I blacked out.  I woke up 12 hours later in the dark, soaking on my back in the falling rain, adrift in the infinite waters of Hades. Morning November 12, 1913. I awoke to a distant horn. I thought it at first a dream, a hopeful hallucination. Then the horn sounded again a second time. I sat upright, shivering and soaked through. I saw a beam of light cut through the rain: the lighthouse! I yelped, a sound as much of agony as celebration, and stood. I laughed, dry and bitter wheezing. The ship was drifting toward the shore after 6 long days in hell. I ran down to gather my things and wrap myself in something dry. Then I ducked into the pilothouse and stared out at the light. A smile dared cross my lips. I could make it after all.  Then came a horrible rending, a piercing shriek of metal on rock. The ship lurched, and I tumbled forward in the cabin. I was so enthralled by the beacon of the lighthouse that I'd missed the sharp rocks in the shallows. Now she was sinking, taking on icy water. Metal groaned and beams bent and snapped. The stack chugged and spit wet smoke over the scene. The rear of the freighter began sinking. Among the rocks I saw a lifeboat, the very same from the Oneiros, filled with skeletons picked clean and bleached by the sun. I laughed again, a wailing peal like the whinny of Death's very steed.  There may yet be time for rescue, but the frigid waters or the phlegm in my lungs will likely take me before the sailors do. And so I bid you adieu, Caroline. Just one more sob story for another sailor's widow. As trite as Ludic himself. If the intrepid rescuers do happen to find these scrawlings and wish to know my fate, I've gone to join the Captain. CONWAY: Records at the time indicate that several other ships went down in this storm, including several hundred crew, but the Oneiros and its men were never found. Given its contents and its age, the DLO has deemed this diary, DL-315, undeliverable. It will be stored safely in our vault.  CONWAY ON THE PHONE: I've been thinking a lot about the past lately. Old friends, old regrets. I suppose it's my approaching middle age catching up onme.  My time with the office has been uh...illuminating. All those wild things I saw as a kid? The things my parents sent me to see serious adults about? Well maybe some of them weren't so wild. You know how I started working here? I used to be in public radio, the local affiliate down in Cincy. I studied art when I was in college, but well, that didn't pan out like so many other things. I worked a bunch of odd jobs, making 6 dollars an hour slinging coffee or double that if I was willing to break my back. I eventually got lucky and I guess somebody liked my cadence. I'm sure it helped that the station was underfunded and I was willing to work late and cheap. One day about 6 years ago, two suspicious gentlemen in suits dropped by my little studio on my lunch break. They asked if I wanted a job with the post office. They sure as hell didn't look like mail carriers, looked like stone-cold feds to me. I politely declined, praying the cuffs didn't come out. They just handed me a card. I told them if I was ever out of a job, I'd give them a call. After they left, I looked over the card. No names, no phone number, just three letters: DLO.  Next morning, I get a call. Boss says the studio caught fire last night after everybody left. Electrical malfunction. Whole place up in smoke. Not enough money to rebuild or move studios. Just gonna shut down the affiliate station. What a coincidence. I looked at the card again and thought of Lucy. Then I got a call. One more chance to reconsider the offer. Yeah, Lucy and I did almost everything together when we were kids. We were pretty much inseparable, at least until the cave incident. I haven't heard from her in a long, long time. I don't know why I haven't reached out. I guess I was afraid too much time got between us. That I wouldn't know what to say. We might even hate each other now. My memory from that time is a little fuzzy, too, just bits and pieces, blurry impressions. It's funny, I sometimes wonder if I made her up, y'know, like an imaginary friend. Those early memories feel about as real a dream most days. Like something that happened to someone else. Like scenes from a worn out VHS tape. But look at me, I'm rambling again. Back to the story. The teeth should have been the second omen. An unmarked box showed up at the office the same morning as the sailor's journal. I picked up the small parcel and shook it like a kid at Christmas, though my approach was rather more apprehensive. Lifting the folds revealed a jewelry box. I flipped the lid open with a creek of its rusty hinges. Underneath was a mirror long ago marred by the grit and grime of age. The plush interior of the box was covered in dark stains, and it smelled like a wet basement. Sitting in one of the compartments were about a dozen human teeth, dark and worn. One reflected light underneath the others: a crude golden incisor. CONWAY: Dead Letter 18316, an application for worker's comp from ******. The applicant's name has been redacted. Looks like he suffered a leg injury during a salvage job. Included with the application is a photo of the injury and testimony from the worker. His testimony reads as follows: WORKER: I hereby swear upon penalty of perjury that the following statement is true to the best of my knowledge. We were supposed to pull up some cargo from a ship that recently went down in the area. Apparently whatever was in there could leak, causing some serious trouble to the watershed. The algae's bad enough, we don't need some oil spill or toxic waste leak or you know anything like that. We were given permission by the state, and were funded by some tech startup to help clean up the lake.  I boarded the boat around 6:50am. I got out to the marked location around 8. I put on my wetsuit, grabbed the hook, and hopped in. I swam down and found the boat we were looking for. I was about to check the cargo hold when something grabbed hold of me. Something bit my leg and pulled me really hard. Must have been some fish. Maybe even a shark. I've heard some bull sharks can live in fresh water for a while. I paddled and kicked, but my leg wouldn't break free. It dragged me some distance, and then let me go. I saw a different ship ahead of me underwater. Much older, covered in rust. I broke the surface and signaled for help. The boys pulled me aboard and the EMT got to work on my leg. Someone else went down to secure the cargo. I tried to tell them it was a different ship but I'm not sure I was making sense. I was in searing pain and losing a good deal of blood. I was looking up past the hanging cables and into the clear sky. Then the wires started moving, waving on their own and spiraling above me. I weakly lifted my hand to point, but the medic just placed it back down and told me to relax. The wires weaved and twisted into form: an angel. Not just like a lady with wings, it was all fingers and eyes and mouths. It told me I needed to find it. That it was in some museum somewhere south of here and needed to be freed. I know it sounds real loopy, but that's what I saw. Someone shouted that they got the cargo up, but it wasn't what we were looking for. I was close to passing out by then of course, so not sure what it was. Then I woke up in the emergency room with a bunch of stitches.  CONWAY: Inspecting the photo here, it's a serious injury of the left calf. It's certainly no fish bite. I'm no biologist, but if I had to guess, I'd say the bite is primate in origin. Likely human. Multiple bites overall, very deep punctures and a few tears. I'm gonna send the photo and this box over to the boys in the lab. Maybe they can work out a match. In the meantime, I'll have the higher ups approve his application and send him a nice check, on the condition that he doesn't mention the incident again. We'll be keeping the application letter and associated paraphernalia in our vault.  CONWAY ON PHONE: The Midwest is so big, it's sometimes hard to imagine there's anything outside of it. Like I see pictures of the ocean, and that might as well be a continent away at this point. You drive for hours and somehow you're still surrounded by cornfields and flat land. You take an old country route and pass the same intersecting road 3 times. It's like a magic trick. Every time I try to leave, something keeps me here. It's a curse, or maybe that's how I justify it to myself. Believing some paranormal interference is the reason I'm stuck in a rut makes it a little easier to swallow than the reality: the reality that there's a pit at the center of the state, a gravity well that pulls you in and keeps you here. The fire burning forever underground. You can fight it, but you'll always be pulled like the snap of a rubber band back home. There's like a vampiric presence here, a specter of collapsed industry and apathy, poverty and vast distance, that haunts the condemned buildings and provincial small towns of Ohio. There are good people here. Solid folk of all kinds. And there are stories to be told here. But who's listening? And who's allowed to talk? Anyway that's when the last postcard showed up. Just like the ones sent in by the Lost Fisherman from the nonexistent town. The name on the card read Lucy. What a coincidence. But the number beside the name's what shook me, gave me that tingling feeling in my brain that sometimes comes as a corollary to dread. Like twisted deja vu. It was my home phone number from when I was a kid. They disconnected that line ages ago. I thought about calling it, but the DLO was sending me out for one more field trip. A package too unwieldy, too fragile to be shipped out of the tiny post office that was storing it. Of course it was my job once again to drive out to some location and stick my snoot into whatever nonsense they'd cooked up. Of course it was 2 hours away. But I'm nothing if not dedicated to the job, so I tucked the postcard into my shirt pocket, took a swig of cold coffee, and got in the car. CONWAY ON TAPE: --down to a small post office, to check out a very large crate. Apparently it was a little too fragile and a little too um...unwieldy to ship out of that small post office given its resources. Now any time they send me out somewhere like this I'm a little suspicious, so let's find out what I'm about to get my nose in. *click* --the back room here, and it is a fairly large crate, I'll give them that. I've got a crowbar here, let's see if I can get this thing open. *Wood snaps* All right. *Conway coughs* Dear god, it's a body. Oh dear got that is a body. That...that's Kenji's body. That's Kenji. Oh my god. Oh god. And if I...His leg, oh my god. Well, that's those bite marks. Oof. Oh god Kenji, what did you get into. Okay. And he's holding something, he--Kenji's got a hold of a-an all white rotary phone. Old spin dial, you know you gotta twist the numbers around before you can input the number. Oh god Kenji. Based on the decomposition of the body, I would estimate he's been dead for quite some time, though the preservation is uh impressive. Perhaps the sea air or perhaps a mummification process was used on him. But god, lord if it don't stink. Now...gonna pick up that phone and dial this number. *click* CONWAY ON PHONE: Well anyway, that's when I called you. LOST FISHERMAN: “Jeez, that's all fascinating. You've had a quite a ride today. But do you mind if I ask you one thing? I want you to think real hard about this one, don't just blurt out an answer. What's your last name, Conway?” CONWAY: I uhh I don't see what uh...Now wait, now don't you do this. I know who you are, don't you do this. LOST FISHERMAN “I know it's rough, your mind wants to reject it, but I promise it's all gonna make sense. CONWAY: Oh, Ken and Lucy, very clever. You knew I'd tie it together eventually. Now don't you do this. Let me stay here. Let me-- LOST FISHERMAN: “You're not real, not yet anyway.” CONWAY: Let me stay. LOST FISHERMAN: Now I want you to look at your cellular telephone. What time is it?” CONWAY: I can't…I can't make it-- *Dial tone* CRACKLING VOICE ON THE RADIO: If you make the margins big enough, you can see him in the dots and waves. He comes through the wires. He's a frequency, an atom bomb's worth of electricity. ANTONY: She said they're not real, they're just fictional characters. CONWAY: It all felt a little...familiar. Almost cliche. What happens in that missing second every million years? LOST FISHERMAN: We'll be waiting for you at the top of the lighthouse. *Overlapping voices say “this is Conway”* *Scratchy, old folk song, singing the following:* I am a man of constant sorrow, I've seen trouble all of my days; I'll bid farewell to Cincinnati, The place where I was born and raised.   For six long years, I've been in trouble No pleasure here on this earth I've found, For in this world I'm born to ramble, I have no friends to help me now.   Oh, fare ye well my native country, The place that I loved and loathed so well, Fo-- *record scratching, forest ambience, crickets chirping* Then I was somewhere else. A place I'd heard of but never been. Surrounded by fireflies underneath the canopy of red oak boughs. There was something in the trees ahead. Two glowing spots like headlights in foliage. They were moving, attached to something about a foot taller than me, coming my way through the dark. It strode on long, thin legs bending backwards, like a hulking stork. Powdery wings spread from its back and there was a...skunky smell on the air. And he had something to show me. *lighter flicks several times, drums kick in, jam begins* *forest ambience fading out*

An old show that has been re-released. Details inside.

In this show we take another look at the regal Chardonnay grape and talk about how it has changed over the years. This is a refresh of a previous show done years ago, so we cover everything we do in a normal grape mini-series. Once you get to know Chardonnay, you realize what a chameleon it really is and how important it is to understand place and producer to get the styles that you like. Here are some brief show notes (with special focus on writing out regions that you may not have caught while listening)!   Chardonnay originated in Burgundy, and is a cross of Pinot Noir and Gouais Blanc. In the vineyard it is early budding and ripening, so frost can be an issue, however it grows very well on a multitude of soils and growers the world around love it for how it takes to most sites. Powdery mildew, coulure (shatter), and rot can cause a headache in the vineyard but with more than 28 clones to choose from, growers can pick what is best for their site.   The variety does different things in different climates – it has lower alcohol and higher acidities with mineral and citrus aromas and flavors in cool climates and is tropical, fruity, and full bodied with low acidity in warmer climates. Soils make a difference too – well drained soils are best. Limestone is generally considered the best type for Chardonnay with bits of clay and marl to give the wines dimension, but there are lots of different soils that yield beautiful wines from Chardonnay. Drainage and low yields make a world of difference with this grape too. Chardonnay is a non-aromatic, generally neutral grape that can take on flavors from the vineyard or be a blank canvas on which winemakers show their skills. The grape can and does express terroir, as we see in places like Burgundy, its homeland, but often it is subjected to full malo-lactic fermentation (yielding buttered popcorn notes), oak aging in a high proportion of new, heavily toasted barrels (vanilla, caramel, butterscotch, smoke/char), and battonnage (stirring of the dead yeast cells or lees, to create bready, toasty, yeasty notes in the wine).   Chardonnay is ideal for sparkling wine. In cool climates it is floral with low acidity and brings a lightness and elegance to sparkling wines. Champagne, with its long aging on the lees (sur lie, dead yeast cells – basic Champagne is aged this way for at least 12 months, vintage Champagne 30 months and the Tete de Cuvee, the best Champagnes, even longer), has shown us the changes that can occur with this contact over time –amino acids, peptides, proteins, and fatty acids for to add aromas and flavors like hazelnuts and honey.     Old World Burgundy Chablis: Steely, minerally wines that are a great expression of the grape. Affordable Grand Cru Côte de Beaune: The most age worthy and famed Chardonnay in the world. Grand cru vineyards that straddle the towns of Puligny-Montrachet and Chassagne-Montrachet: Le Montrachet, Chevalier-Montrachet, Bâtard-Montrachet, Criots-Bâtard-Montrachet, Bienvenues-Bâtard-Montrachet Corton-Charlemagne Côte Chalonnaise Mâconnais: Pouilly-Fuisse is good and improving Champagne: Blanc de Blancs is pure Chardonnay   Other France: Loire: Used in Crémant and the white blends of Saumur, Anjoy, Touraine Jura (as we call it, Bizarro Burgundy) Languedoc-Roussillon: most Chardonnay is bulk and is bottled under Vins de Pays d'Oc Limoux: Does sparkling Crémant de Limoux, barrel-fermented still wine. Italy Often mixed in with Pinot Bianco in the northeast areas -- Alto Adige, Friuli-Venezia-Giulia Franciacorta: Used in this fine sparkling wine of Lombardy Piedmont: Excellent Chardonnay when it’s not too oaky   Other Old World Spots Spain: Used in Cava as a small proportion of the blend, used in some other white blends Austria and Switzerland Eastern Europe: Hungary, Bulgaria, Slovenia, Croatia Israel England: Excellent in sparkling, more varietal wine being made _________________________________________  New World United States California: Most important variety Napa: Carneros, Russian River Sonoma: Sonoma Coast, Petaluma Gap, Russian River Central Coast: Santa Barbara (my favorite region), Santa Lucia Highlands, Mendocino: Anderson Valley Central Valley: BULK Washington State: Lots of fruit, maybe less MLF Oregon: The one to watch in the U.S. NY State: Finger Lakes and Long Island Virginia: Linden, Pollak make especially good versions   Canada: Niagara, BC   Australia New South Wales: Hunter Valley – tropical, fruity, buttery, opulent Victoria: Yarra, Mornington Peninsula, Macedon Ranges – lighter, more acidic wine with good terroir expression South Australia: Eden Valley, Adelaide Hills, nice, still oaky sometimes Margaret River: Can be complex, fruity, good acidity Tasmania: Delicate to complex, good acidity, used in sparkling   New Zealand: Ripeness with Acidity, nice herbal character often, excellent from Hawkes Bay where the styles are fatter, to Martinborough, and to Canterbury where the acidity is pronounced.   Chile Casablanca Valley: Ripeness with acidity, not much oak or malolactic fermentation Leyda, San Antonio: Similar to Casablanca Other cool regions: Limarí, Bío Bío and Itata Valleys   Argentina Very much like California Chardonnay. Promising in cooler, higher vineyards - Tupungato.    South Africa – hot, except in Walker Bay Walker Bay, Elgin: Soft with mineral and nut notes Stellenbosch, Franschhoek, Paarl: Fuller, can have a lot of oak    Aging Top Chardonnays can age and need the age: 30 years is not unheard of from great producers of Grands Crus. With Premiers Crus – more like 20 years is appropriate. Village – within 8-10 yrs. New World wines generally age for less time, but the length of aging depends on the producer and the area   Flavor: We discuss the difference between primary and secondary flavors and how knowing the difference can help point you to styles you prefer: Primary flavors from the grape: Cooler sites: lemon, chalk, minerals, flint, green apple, citrus, pears, grapefruit (higher acidities, lower alcohols, lighter bodied) Warmer sites: baked apple, pineapple, guava, melon (also fuller bodied, lower acidity, higher alcohol) Secondary flavors from winemaking: Oak notes: Smoke, toast, spice, coconut, vanilla, cinnamon, butterscotch, caramel Malolactic fermentation: buttered popcorn, clotted cream Sur lie aging: toast, nuttiness, yeasty notes Serving temperature effects the flavor. I prefer it a little cooler than is often recommended: 48˚-50˚/9˚-10˚C is what I prefer, although many recommend 55˚F/12.8˚C   ___________________________________________________________ Thanks to our sponsors: Wine Access      Visit: www.wineaccess.com/normal and for a limited time get $20 off your first order of $50 or more!  Wine Access is a web site that has exclusive wines that overdeliver for the price (of which they have a range). They offer top quality wines by selecting diverse, interesting, quality bottles you may not have access to at local shops. Wine Access provides extensive tasting notes, stories about the wine and a really cool bottle hanger with pairings, flavor profile, and serving temps. Wines are warehoused in perfect conditions and shipped in temperature safe packs. Satisfaction is guaranteed! Check it out today! www.wineaccess.com/normal    Thanks to YOU! The podcast supporters on Patreon, who are helping us to make the podcast possible and who we give goodies in return for their help! Check it out today: https://www.patreon.com/winefornormalpeople

 THE KITCHEN GARDEN La Niña and your produce garden Torrential rain is lashing the east coast of Australia as a write this while the west coast of enjoys a hot spell. Without sounding too dramatic, we’re starting off the kitchen garden segment with a topic about how the changing weather patterns are affecting the vegetable garden. At the moment Australia is in the grip of La Niña, a complex weather pattern, that bought rain for much of summer and now is causing flooding in many areas. Last year's summer was quite different with bushfires in most parts of Australia. Torrential rain driven by La Niña in my garden. We’re not so much spruiking climate change, but really it’s more about what you the gardener can do to mitigate problems in the veggie patch because of climate events like La Niña. This summer, the produce garden is seeing cooler temperatures during the day, increased humidity, and higher night temperatures because of the consistent cloud cover. For those gardeners on clay soil, the soil is staying damp even during the drier periods. Veggies do not like their roots in constant water. For those gardeners who haven't prepared their gardens for these events, they may find collar rot around citrus and other fungal problems in the kitchen garden. The answer for clay soil in produce gardens is build raised beds. Not only does this improve drainage, but saves all that bending to ground level. Powdery mildew is a problem with all gardens in humid weather, particularly when the crops are coming to their end of their production. Toni recommends using a bi-carbonate spray to change the pH of the leaf surface so that the fungus cannot thrive. This is only a preventative measure. Once the mildew takes hold. Bicarb soda recipe: 1/2 teaspoon of sodium bi-carbonate 450ml water couple of drops of vegetable oil to help emulsify it. Spray both leaf surfaces well until run-off. Re-apply after rain. Other problems can be fruit not ripening such as tomatoes staying green because of the lack of sunny days. Dwarf beans are all descended from climbing beans when they perceive low light levels they will begin throwing out tendrils and revert to climbing beans. This can be just a run of cloudy days or overshadowing by trees or a neighbouring building. Let’s find out-I'm talking with Toni Salter, the Veggie Lady. www.theveggielady.com 

Gooseberries are one of the classics of the berry garden. Actually, they would have tremendous potential as fruits: they still represent the bush berry fruits that have the largest fruits – more bite, more juice, more flavour is not possible. But the historical and far too mildew-prone varieties, the mildew itself, the thorns as well as the antiquated image still hinder this fruit species. Here in the Gardener's Radio podcast we would like to highlight the most important aspects of gooseberry production. Podcast content: • How important are gooseberries in the marketplace? • How important are gooseberries to Lubera Edibles? • Which gooseberry young plants are there? • When should which plants be potted and with which pot size? • Powdery mildew and leaf drop disease • The longest day! • How many times should the plants be cut back? • How can plants be produced so that they are still beautiful in the summer? • What about standards?

Powdery white stains on your retaining wall are likely caused by efflorescence. As concrete cures, moisture slowly migrates to the surface of the block where it evaporates into the air. Water brings dissolved salts and minerals from within the concrete mixture. As the water evaporates, those minerals are left on the surface of your block, giving it a whitish, hazy, or streaky stain. Here are some tips for dealing with efflorescence, along with much more, on the Today's Homeowner Podcast!  

Jason Scott and Stephen Vasquez, Sun-Maid Growers Technical Viticulturist, discuss the importance of managing powdery mildew early to avoid outbreaks like the ones growers saw in 2019. Powdery mildew is one of the most important fungal diseases impacting grape production in California, infecting green tissues such as leaves, shoots, rachises and berries.

If you are downloading our show you like gardening and thank you With programming of Videos and our radio show we work hard to bring you information that you can use. Each year we create a survey to gather information to present to companies and current sponsors to show them trends and needs of our followers Here is our 2020 Survey 25 click the box questions about 2 to 3 minutes to fill it out. Thank you Click Here https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScgbPTB3BrbkZhsuIS5nXGabLga4aamZgsNe2M66CuQuSPCTw/viewform?usp=sf_link The Wisconsin Vegetable Gardener Radio Show from March – Oct weekly Heard on Joy 1340 AM & 98.7 FM Milwaukee, WI Saturday mornings 7-8 AM CST https://tunein.com/radio/Joy-1340-s30042/ Heard on WCRN 830 AM Westborough/Boston, MA Saturdays 8-9 AM EST https://tunein.com/radio/WCRN-AM-830-Full-Service-Radio-s1112/ Heard on KYAH 540 AM Delta/Salt Lake City, UT Saturdays 1-2 PM MST Reply Sundays 9-10 PM MST https://www.yahradio540.com/listen-live/ Heard on KDIZ 1570 AM Minneapolis, MN Saturdays 4-5 PM and replay Sundays 2-3 PM CST http://player.listenlive.co/57071 Heard on WAAM 1600 AM & 92.7 FM Ann Arbor, MI Sundays 7-8 AM EST https://tinyurl.com/p68cvft Heard on WOGO 680 AM & 103.1 FM Chippewa Falls, WI Sundays 9-10 AM CST https://www.christiannetcast.com/listen/player.asp?station=wogo-am Heard on KFEQ 680 AM & 107.9 FM St. Joseph/Kansas City, MO Sundays 10-11 AM CST http://www.680kfeq.com/live-stream/ Heard on WNAX 570 AM Yankton SD Sundays 10-11 AM CST https://tunein.com/radio/Radio-570-s36447/ Heard on WRMN 1410 AM & 96.7 FM Elgin/Chicago, IL Sundays Noon-1 PM CST https://www.wrmn1410.com/ Heard on KMET 1490 AM & 98.1 FM Banning, CA Tuesdays 9 - 10 AM PST https://www.kmet1490am.com/ Check out https://thewisconsinvegetablegardener.com/ Email your questions to Gardentalkradio@gmail.com Or call 24/7 leave your question at 1-800 927-SHOW In segment two Joey and Holly talk about Powdery mildew (what is it) Powdery mildew is one of the easier plant diseases to identify, as its symptoms are quite distinctive. Infected plants display white powdery spots on the leaves and stems. The lower leaves are the most affected, but the mildew can appear on any above-ground part of the plant. As the disease progresses, the spots get larger commonly affected plants include cucurbits (squash, pumpkins, cucumbers, melons), nightshades (tomatoes, eggplants, peppers), roses, and legumes (beans, peas). HOW DOES POWDERY MILDEW SPREAD? Powdery mildew spores typically drift into your garden with the wind, but if you’ve had powdery mildew occur in the past, new outbreaks may also come from dormant spores in old vegetative material or weeds nearby. Unlike many other fungal diseases, powdery mildew thrives in warm (60-80°F / 15-27°C), dry climates, though it does require fairly high relative humidity (i.e., humidity around the plant) to spread. In cooler, rainy areas, it does not spread as well, and it is also slowed down by temperatures higher than 90°F (32°C). It tends to affect plants in shady areas more than those in direct sun, too. What can u do 1. Space plants so they do not touch 3. Keep a look out You can cut off up to 25% of effective areas (careful when caring it away) Watering from overhead can help to wash spores off leaves. Note, however, that wet foliage can often contribute to the development of other common diseases, so it’s best not to rely on this as a prevention tactic. Only early in the day so the leaves can dry off There are chemical you can use Mix 1 teaspoon baking soda in 1 quart of water. Spray plants thoroughly, as the solution will only kill fungus that it comes into contact with. Vinegar – the acetic acid of vinegar can control powdery mildew. A mixture of 2-3 tablespoons of common apple cider vinegar, containing 5% acetic acid mixed with a gallon of water does job. However, too much vinegar can burn plants You can do this before you even see any problems Joe lamp powdery mildew Check out the companies that make the show possible Power Planter of www.powerplanter.com Proplugger of www.proplugger.com World's coolest rain gauge www.worldscoolestraingauge.com Rootmaker of www.rootmaker.com Us coupon code TWVG at checkout and save 10% of your order Tomato snaps of www.tomatosnaps.com Chapin Manufacturing Inc. of www.chapinmfg.com Pomona pectin of www.pomonapectin.com Iv organics of www.ivorganics.com Dr. JimZ of www.drjimz.com Seed Savers Exchange of www.seedsavers.org Waterhoop of www.waterhoop.com Green Gobbler of www.greengobbler.com Nessalla koombucha of www.nessalla.com MI Green House LLC of www.migreenhouse.com Phyllom BioProducts of www.phyllombioproducts.com Happy leaf led of www.happyleafled.com Neptunes harvest of www.neptunesharvest.com Dripworks of www.dripworks.com We Grow Indoors of www.wegrowindoors.com Harvestmore of www.harvest-more.com Deer defeat www.deerdefeat.com Blue ribbon organics www.blueribbonorganics.com Bluemel's garden & landscape center www.bluemels.com Milwaukee,WI official garden center of the show Wisconsin Greenhouse company of https://wisconsingreenhousecompany.com/ Chip Drop of https://getchipdrop.com/?ref=wisconsinvegetable Tree-Ripe Fruit Co of https://www.tree-ripe.com/

If you are downloading our show you like gardening and thank you With programming of Videos and our radio show we work hard to bring you information that you can use. Each year we create a survey to gather information to present to companies and current sponsors to show them trends and needs of our followers Here is our 2020 Survey 25 click the box questions about 2 to 3 minutes to fill it out. Thank you Click Here https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScgbPTB3BrbkZhsuIS5nXGabLga4aamZgsNe2M66CuQuSPCTw/viewform?usp=sf_link The Wisconsin Vegetable Gardener Radio Show from March – Oct weekly Heard on Joy 1340 AM & 98.7 FM Milwaukee, WI Saturday mornings 7-8 AM CST https://tunein.com/radio/Joy-1340-s30042/ Heard on WCRN 830 AM Westborough/Boston, MA Saturdays 8-9 AM EST https://tunein.com/radio/WCRN-AM-830-Full-Service-Radio-s1112/ Heard on KYAH 540 AM Delta/Salt Lake City, UT Saturdays 1-2 PM MST Reply Sundays 9-10 PM MST https://www.yahradio540.com/listen-live/ Heard on KDIZ 1570 AM Minneapolis, MN Saturdays 4-5 PM and replay Sundays 2-3 PM CST http://player.listenlive.co/57071 Heard on WAAM 1600 AM & 92.7 FM Ann Arbor, MI Sundays 7-8 AM EST https://tinyurl.com/p68cvft Heard on WOGO 680 AM & 103.1 FM Chippewa Falls, WI Sundays 9-10 AM CST https://www.christiannetcast.com/listen/player.asp?station=wogo-am Heard on KFEQ 680 AM & 107.9 FM St. Joseph/Kansas City, MO Sundays 10-11 AM CST http://www.680kfeq.com/live-stream/ Heard on WNAX 570 AM Yankton SD Sundays 10-11 AM CST https://tunein.com/radio/Radio-570-s36447/ Heard on WRMN 1410 AM & 96.7 FM Elgin/Chicago, IL Sundays Noon-1 PM CST https://www.wrmn1410.com/ Heard on KMET 1490 AM & 98.1 FM Banning, CA Tuesdays 9 - 10 AM PST https://www.kmet1490am.com/ Check out https://thewisconsinvegetablegardener.com/ Email your questions to Gardentalkradio@gmail.com Or call 24/7 leave your question at 1-800 927-SHOW In segment one Joey and Holly talk about getting your fall garden ready to go Planting for fall Gardening is not over when labor day weekend comes Note: Find out when your first average frost date is in your area Fall like spring planting are going to be plants that do not like the heat you need to start many of your late-season crops in the peak of summer. In most regions, Itis ok to start fall crops in the hot time of year as the days get shorter and cooler they will grow great Fall (cool weather crops) can handle a frost but not a hard freeze Know the "days to maturity" of the crops your are planting Yes you can direct sow crops in the fall that you would normal start indoors in the spring ( Note this can be some what hard as the seeds may dry out verse starting them in a shady area on your porch in a starter try) Have a plan where you will plant Will it be where summer crop was harvested or do you have an open spot you didn't plant? Are you using new grow bags or containers What can you plant Beets - 70 days to harvest Carrots 70 days to harvest Broccoli 85 to 100 days Lettuses 45 days plant later Radishes 30 days plant later Spinach 45 days plant later Garlic plant Oct harvest late june Will talk more about garlic in a few weeks Turnips 60 day t Rutabagas 90 days Peas 70 -80 Calufilower 50-100 days based on variety Swiss chard 50 days Kale 30-50 days In segment two Joey and Holly talk about Powdery mildew (what is it) Powdery mildew is one of the easier plant diseases to identify, as its symptoms are quite distinctive. Infected plants display white powdery spots on the leaves and stems. The lower leaves are the most affected, but the mildew can appear on any above-ground part of the plant. As the disease progresses, the spots get larger commonly affected plants include cucurbits (squash, pumpkins, cucumbers, melons), nightshades (tomatoes, eggplants, peppers), roses, and legumes (beans, peas). HOW DOES POWDERY MILDEW SPREAD? Powdery mildew spores typically drift into your garden with the wind, but if you’ve had powdery mildew occur in the past, new outbreaks may also come from dormant spores in old vegetative material or weeds nearby. Unlike many other fungal diseases, powdery mildew thrives in warm (60-80°F / 15-27°C), dry climates, though it does require fairly high relative humidity (i.e., humidity around the plant) to spread. In cooler, rainy areas, it does not spread as well, and it is also slowed down by temperatures higher than 90°F (32°C). It tends to affect plants in shady areas more than those in direct sun, too. What can u do 1. Space plants so they do not touch 3. Keep a look out You can cut off up to 25% of effective areas (careful when caring it away) Watering from overhead can help to wash spores off leaves. Note, however, that wet foliage can often contribute to the development of other common diseases, so it’s best not to rely on this as a prevention tactic. Only early in the day so the leaves can dry off There are chemical you can use Mix 1 teaspoon baking soda in 1 quart of water. Spray plants thoroughly, as the solution will only kill fungus that it comes into contact with. Vinegar – the acetic acid of vinegar can control powdery mildew. A mixture of 2-3 tablespoons of common apple cider vinegar, containing 5% acetic acid mixed with a gallon of water does job. However, too much vinegar can burn plants You can do this before you even see any problems Joe lamp powdery mildew In segment three Joey and Holly welcome their guest Erin Schanen is a blogger, plant enthusiast, avid youtube gardener, and gardens in zone 5b in Wisconsin. She has been featured in a number of magazines, and is a garden speaker. Her website is https://www.theimpatientgardener.com/ 1. Why are you The Impatient Gardener? 2. Many people end up having to divide their hostas, when is the best time to divide them and what is the best method? 3. People like the look of an edged landscape, what is the right way to edge and what is the right tool to use? 4. we invested in raised beds because we were tired of weeding, what are the best methods for dealing with weeds to reclaim their gardens? 5. it's never too late to start a garden in a container, what are some plants that could be grown in a container - edibles or ornamental, that are planted in July in most parts of the USA? 6. How can we find more out about you In segment four Joey and Holly answer garden question. Call in Moles and voles and cut worms call in planting grass after pine tree has been removed Q new gardener here I have two questions, One how will I know when I can harvest my onions? And two do I need to cage potatoes, they are getting tall and leaning? A: Onion can be harvested at anytime but for bulb harvest you want to wait till the top of the plant falls over on crimps the stem it is done growing at that point regardless of the bulb size. Potatoes do not need to be caged they are strong stemmed and even if they do fall over they will be fine no worries Q: I have a question about canning Mrs Wages salsa. I am new to canning and it says for pint jars.. could I use half pint jars instead just process the same time? Thank u A: Yes you can do that. Check out the companies that make the show possible Power Planter of www.powerplanter.com Proplugger of www.proplugger.com World's coolest rain gauge www.worldscoolestraingauge.com Rootmaker of www.rootmaker.com Us coupon code TWVG at checkout and save 10% of your order Tomato snaps of www.tomatosnaps.com Chapin Manufacturing Inc. of www.chapinmfg.com Pomona pectin of www.pomonapectin.com Iv organics of www.ivorganics.com Dr. JimZ of www.drjimz.com Seed Savers Exchange of www.seedsavers.org Waterhoop of www.waterhoop.com Green Gobbler of www.greengobbler.com Nessalla koombucha of www.nessalla.com MI Green House LLC of www.migreenhouse.com Phyllom BioProducts of www.phyllombioproducts.com Happy leaf led of www.happyleafled.com Neptunes harvest of www.neptunesharvest.com Dripworks of www.dripworks.com We Grow Indoors of www.wegrowindoors.com Harvestmore of www.harvest-more.com Deer defeat www.deerdefeat.com Blue ribbon organics www.blueribbonorganics.com Bluemel's garden & landscape center www.bluemels.com Milwaukee,WI official garden center of the show Wisconsin Greenhouse company of https://wisconsingreenhousecompany.com/ Chip Drop of https://getchipdrop.com/?ref=wisconsinvegetable Tree-Ripe Fruit Co of https://www.tree-ripe.com/

Kids ruin everything! Poor Becky Black. Stop talking, finish puking. Harry Potter and the Chamber of Transphobia. Jonas Salk. Erasing Hate. Powdery toilet paper. Food without consent. Earth shattering mammals. Accidental anal intruders. And of course, news that you use to distract you from other news!Exploding Whale Beach Park: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ax7kENH-A7s Hosted by Amanda King & Adam TuckerProducer Andrew Dresden Edited by Andrew DresdenA product of Pants Pending StudiosBecome a Patron at Patreon.com/pantspendingWe are just like you, working full time, and trying to make this network great. Would you like to donate to the cause without committing to a monthly subscription? Visit PayPal.me/pantspending and donate today!Music from https://filmmusic.io "Blown Away - No Percussion" by Kevin MacLeod (https://incompetech.com) "Phat Sketch" by Kevin MacLeod (https://incompetech.com) "Leopard Print Elevator" by Kevin MacLeod (https://incompetech.com) License: CC BY (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)This is a copyrighted internet broadcast. Any reproduction or rebroadcast without express permission of its creators is strictly prohibited. For more, visit nerd.pantspending.com. Find us on facebook at Facebook.com/NERDpodcast, or on Twitter @PPSnerd. We can be heard via iTunes and Google Play Podcasts!

What to Do About Powdery Mildew on Plants?

What to Do About Powdery Mildew on Plants?

shena and stefan ate indian food - we wonder about t.i. - listener questions - a cameo by a wee lad - shena is absolutely flabbergasted by what causes the powdery feeling - juuling - food courts - artie lange

Powdery mildew continues to be one of the most prominent diseases affecting wine and table grape production. More issues related to fungicide resistance are emerging while seasons like 2019 produce perfect conditions for powdery mildew. Developments like these have put a bigger spotlight and emphasis on management strategies, like FRAC group rotation and application timing. […] The post Increasing The Effectiveness and Efficiency Of A Grape Powdery Mildew Treatment Program appeared first on FMC Good to Grow Podcast.

Dr. Michelle Moyer, Washington State University Extension, and Associate Professor in the Department of Horticulture and Affiliate Faculty Member in the Department of Plant Pathology returns to the Sustainable Winegrowing Podcast after her top rated presentation on the Goldilocks Principle & Powdery Mildew Management. In this interview she discusses recent research on integrated pest management for grapevine powdery mildew, how short term weather patterns impacts farming decisions, why clean plants may have made red blotch virus more detectable, controlling wine quality with water stress and “Farming by Excel” – how fewer people working in the field has increased growers reliance on data and technology. References: Goldilocks Principle & Powdery Mildew Management | Michelle Moyer (Podcast) Fungicide Resistance Assessment Mitigation and Extension Network (FRAME) Michelle Moyer, Washington State University Sustainable Ag Expo UC Davis Powdery Mildew Model UC Pest Management Guidelines Vineyard Nutrient Management in Washington State | Michelle Moyer, Dr. Stacy Singer, Dr. Joan Davenport, Gwen-Alyn Hoheisel Washington State University Viticulture and Enology Get More Subscribe on Google Play, iHeartRADIO, iTunes, Spotify, Stitcher, TuneIn, or wherever you listen so you never miss an episode on the latest science and research with the Sustainable Winegrowing Podcast. Since 1994, Vineyard Team has been your resource for workshops and field demonstrations, research, and events dedicated to the stewardship of our natural resources. Learn more at www.vineyardteam.org.

In an unprecedented week of dare I say WACKY behavior we at The Sucka Free (11K downloads and counting thanks for the support) will give our take on what turned out to be the most talked about NFL season even before it started lol. This is most definitely one of the most interesting episodes yet! Caps and Mimi chop it up on the biggest sports story timeline this year involving the AB fiasco. Our endless pursuit for a beer sponsor brings us a Powdery beverage from the little store. Does it make the cut or is it trash? And to of course we had to end it with a #BOTW repeat offender who's culprits seem to never learn they lesson smh. Buckle up cause this is sure to be another classic like sunflower seed and quarter waters ! Stay Blessed and STAY SUCKA FREE!!!!! PEACE! 

Replay of segment 1 of The Wisconsin Vegetable Gardener Radio Show from 8-31-19 Heard on 860AM WNOV & W293cx 106.5FM Milwaukee, WI Saturday mornings 9-10AM CST Heard on WAAM 1600 AM Ann Arbor, MI Sundays 7-8AM est Heard on WWDB 860 AM Philadelphia, PA Sundays 7-8AM est Heard on KMET 1490 AM Tuesdays 9 - 10 AM pst Banning, CA listen here during show hours for your station: WNOV https://tinyurl.com/y8lwd922 WWDB: https://wwdbam.com/ WAAM https://tinyurl.com/p68cvft KMET https://www.kmet1490am.com/ Check out https://thewisconsinvegetablegardener.com/ Common plant diseases - identify and solve Late blight on tomatoes - dark spots on leaves, stems, and tomatoes - airborne fungus - spores travel through air - do not eat the tomatoes - dispose of diseased plants - do not compost, put on curb, or burn plants Bean leaf rust - looks like rust - will rub off rust color - airborne - near end of season - do not eat the beans with leaf rust on them - dispose of diseased plants - do not compost, put on curb, or burn plants Powdery mildew - warm days, cool nights - powdery substance on leaves of vine crops - squash, pumpkin, etc - can use diluted vinegar, baking soda, mouthwash - spray - dispose of affected leaves - can remove up to ¼ foliage Rose rust - rust looking debris on rose plants - can come from plant nursery and then spread - buy from a reputable local garden center - if you think you might have it, remove foliage affected by it before winter - can become airborne and spread in spring Check out the following sponsors that make the radio show possible: Thank you Power Planter of www.powerplanter.com IV Organics of www.ivorganics.com Dr. Earth of www.drearth.com organic Root maker of www.rootmaker.com Flame Engineering Inc. of www.flameengineering.com Use coupon code WVG19 to get free shipping. Pomona Universal Pectin of www.pomonapectin.com Bobbex of www.Bobbex.com: Beans & Barley of www.beansandbarley.com MIgardener of www.MIgardener.com Outpost Natural Foods Co-op of www.outpost.coop Root Assassin of www.rootassassinshovel.com . Handy Safety Knife of www.handysafetyknife.com Use promo code WVG to get 10% off &free shipping one time use only BioSafe of www.biosafe.net Save 10% on your next order use coupon code TWVG at checkout Chapin Manufacturing Inc. of www.chapinmfg.com Pro Plugger of www.proplugger.com Dharmaceuticals of www.dharmaceuticals.com Soil Savvy of www.mysoilsavvy.com Use coupon code TWVG19 to save 10% at checkout Tomato Snaps of www.tomatosnaps.com Drip Garden of www.dripgarden.com Drip Garden Wisconsin Greenhouse company https://wisconsingreenhousecompany.com/ Standard Process Inc. of www.standardprocess.com Big Fat’s Hot Sauce of www.bigfatshotsauce.com Soil Diva of www.soildiva.net World’s coolest floating rain gauge of www.WorldsCoolestRainGauge.com Clyde’s vegetable planting chart of www.clydesvegetableplantingchart.com NuNu Natural Healing of www.nunuhealing.com RowMaker of www.rowmaker.com Eco Garden Systems of www.ecogardensystems.com Use coupon code (wiveg2019) and get $295 off the list price of $1,695 PLUS free shipping (a $250 value). Shield n seal of www.shieldnseal.com Bluemel's garden & landscape center of www.bluemels.com Phyllom BioProducts of PhyllomBioProducts.com Norwalk juicers of www.norwalkjuicers.com Use coupon code Garden talk Free Continental US shipping on the Model 290 Juicer Tree Ripe of https://www.tree-ripe.com/ Hydrobox of https://gohydrobox.com/ Workman's friend brand https://workmansfriendbrand.com/

Replay of The Wisconsin Vegetable Gardener Radio Show from 8-31-19 Heard on 860AM WNOV & W293cx 106.5FM Milwaukee, WI Saturday mornings 9-10AM CST Heard on WAAM 1600 AM Ann Arbor, MI Sundays 7-8AM est Heard on WWDB 860 AM Philadelphia, PA Sundays 7-8AM est Heard on KMET 1490 AM Tuesdays 9 - 10 AM pst Banning, CA listen here during show hours for your station: WNOV https://tinyurl.com/y8lwd922 WWDB: https://wwdbam.com/ WAAM https://tinyurl.com/p68cvft KMET https://www.kmet1490am.com/ Check out https://thewisconsinvegetablegardener.com/ Common plant diseases - identify and solve Late blight on tomatoes - dark spots on leaves, stems, and tomatoes - airborne fungus - spores travel through air - do not eat the tomatoes - dispose of diseased plants - do not compost, put on curb, or burn plants Bean leaf rust - looks like rust - will rub off rust color - airborne - near end of season - do not eat the beans with leaf rust on them - dispose of diseased plants - do not compost, put on curb, or burn plants Powdery mildew - warm days, cool nights - powdery substance on leaves of vine crops - squash, pumpkin, etc - can use diluted vinegar, baking soda, mouthwash - spray - dispose of affected leaves - can remove up to ¼ foliage Rose rust - rust looking debris on rose plants - can come from plant nursery and then spread - buy from a reputable local garden center - if you think you might have it, remove foliage affected by it before winter - can become airborne and spread in spring September Garden To Do List for Garden Stop pruning and fertilizing Bring summer vacationing houseplants back indoors while the windows are still open. Check carefully for hitchhiking pests Start fall clean-up in the flower beds, cutting back anything that has finished blooming or is diseased Take cuttings to overwinter indoors Start winterizing your water garden Watch for frost warning and cover tender plants Photograph your gardens and containers for a record of the year's triumphs and frustrations Give the compost a last turn Flowers and Other Ornamental Plants Divide and move perennials Dig and store tender bulbs like: dahlias, caladiums, cannas and tuberous begonias Start planting spring flowering bulbs Vegetables Harvest remaining vegetables, including green tomatoes. (Tips for ripening green tomatoes.) Wait for a hard freeze before harvesting Brussels Sprouts Pick herbs for drying or freezing Cure winter squash for storage. Place in a cool, sheltered shady spot for about 1 month. Fruit Clean up fallen fruit Trees & Shrubs Plant trees and shrubs. Keep well watered, if there isn't sufficient rain. Dispose of any diseased or infested plant debris, to avoid overwintering the problem Garden Tasks for Warmer Areas Restart the vegetable garden. Start seeds of heat lovers like tomatoes and peppers. Direct sow seeds of lettuce, greens, onions, peas, beans and broccoli Seed cool season annuals Plant fall bulbs Plant perennials and shrubs Keep fruits picked as they ripen Prune summer flowering shrubs Guest Doug Tallamy of www.bringingnaturehome.net Doug Tallamy is a professor in the Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology at the University of Delaware, where he has authored 95 research publications and has taught Insect Taxonomy, Behavioral Ecology, Humans and Nature, Insect Ecology, and other courses for 39 years. Why are insects important to our lives as humans? What can we do to help the decline of insects? 1. Why are native plants vital to our ecosystems? 2.How do we determine what native plants to grow? 3.What is biodiversity? As a home gardener, what can we do to increase our biodiversity? 4.We often hear about invasive plants and how they are bad - but are they truly always bad? Are there some good invasive plants? 5. How can we find out more about you? Garden questions 1. Why havent my hydrangeas bloomed this year? Plant in wrong zone or area, over pruning, or too had of a freeze over winter 2. My apple tree has not bloomed - why not? Could be from lack of pollination, too much fertilizer - like too much nitrogen, tree had to go into survival mode over a cold winter 3. Purple african violets only bloom at Christmas - but her friends bloom year round - why? The correct light balance needs to be found - too much light or too little light wont allow it to bloom year round. 4. What are the green tomato like things on my potato plant? Those are seed pods - they are not edible 5. Spots of peace lillies what to dot to fix it A root rot Check out the following sponsors that make the radio show possible: Thank you Power Planter of www.powerplanter.com IV Organics of www.ivorganics.com Dr. Earth of www.drearth.com organic Root maker of www.rootmaker.com Flame Engineering Inc. of www.flameengineering.com Use coupon code WVG19 to get free shipping. Pomona Universal Pectin of www.pomonapectin.com Bobbex of www.Bobbex.com: Beans & Barley of www.beansandbarley.com MIgardener of www.MIgardener.com Outpost Natural Foods Co-op of www.outpost.coop Root Assassin of www.rootassassinshovel.com . Handy Safety Knife of www.handysafetyknife.com Use promo code WVG to get 10% off &free shipping one time use only BioSafe of www.biosafe.net Save 10% on your next order use coupon code TWVG at checkout Chapin Manufacturing Inc. of www.chapinmfg.com Pro Plugger of www.proplugger.com Dharmaceuticals of www.dharmaceuticals.com Soil Savvy of www.mysoilsavvy.com Use coupon code TWVG19 to save 10% at checkout Tomato Snaps of www.tomatosnaps.com Drip Garden of www.dripgarden.com Drip Garden Wisconsin Greenhouse company https://wisconsingreenhousecompany.com/ Standard Process Inc. of www.standardprocess.com Big Fat’s Hot Sauce of www.bigfatshotsauce.com Soil Diva of www.soildiva.net World’s coolest floating rain gauge of www.WorldsCoolestRainGauge.com Clyde’s vegetable planting chart of www.clydesvegetableplantingchart.com NuNu Natural Healing of www.nunuhealing.com RowMaker of www.rowmaker.com Eco Garden Systems of www.ecogardensystems.com Use coupon code (wiveg2019) and get $295 off the list price of $1,695 PLUS free shipping (a $250 value). Shield n seal of www.shieldnseal.com Bluemel's garden & landscape center of www.bluemels.com Phyllom BioProducts of PhyllomBioProducts.com Norwalk juicers of www.norwalkjuicers.com Use coupon code Garden talk Free Continental US shipping on the Model 290 Juicer Tree Ripe of https://www.tree-ripe.com/ Hydrobox of https://gohydrobox.com/ Workman's friend brand https://workmansfriendbrand.com/

Ellen and C.L. start this episode out by discussing painted rocks. Are you painting them this summer? Are your kids painting on rocks? Do you love finding a rock with a message on it when you go to the beach or woods, or do you hate this practice? Next we talk about powdery mildew: what it is and when to treat or ignore. We end by answering a question about bringing cannabis into bud. :30  Just For Fun: Painted rocks…love them or hate them?     4:11  Eat/Drink/Grow: Powdery Mildew 18:52   Love Letters and Questions: Cannabis flowering.

Learn how to remove powdery white mineral deposits from walls.  Find out how moisture can cause white salt deposits on interior walls, how to improve drainage to prevent mineral deposits, and how to clean mineral deposits from walls. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Learn how to remove powdery white mineral deposits from walls.  Find out how moisture can cause white salt deposits on interior walls, how to improve drainage to prevent mineral deposits, and how to clean mineral deposits from walls. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Mike Omeg is a 3rd generation cherry grower who has spent the last few decades farming 350 acres of cherries in The Dalles, Oregon. Mike is an innovator with the vision for new approaches and the analytical mind to measure results. He’s tested myriad techniques in his quest for the best and most profitable methods of growing cherries, and was awarded the Good Fruit Grower award by the Fruit Grower News in 2017. In this conversation, John and Mike delve into the type of bio-intensive system Mike has developed and the data he has collected in his trials. Mike has shown that profitable large-scale agriculture and regenerative practices are entirely compatible and speaks to how his operation has scaled regenerative practices. He also thinks deeply about return on investment, the economic growth of his operation, and discusses the positive impact that regenerative methods have had. Believing that one of the fastest ways to improve soils is to grow a healthy crop, Mike explains his view of the tree as the conduit for putting carbon into our soils more efficiently than mulch or compost. Supported with the correct nutrition, the tree is simultaneously building this year’s crop and boosting nutrient levels in the soil for building future crops. In the episode, Mike gives in-depth information on his experiments with different types of cover crops saying, "When we talk about having a return on our investment, we need to have every seed that goes into that mix be there because we know it’s going to earn us a return - not because we want to feel good that we're maybe doing something that we read in a book was important.” Close to the end of this conversation, Omeg says, “I'm excited for every day to bring new challenges in farming. And focusing upon biological and restorative agriculture has just brought a real sense of joy to me when I walk through the orchard. It's exciting, and I love it.” Mike is truly an important figure in the landscape of stone fruit production. Check out his YouTube channel where he covers not only some of the most innovative stone-fruit production methods, but also a host of other fascinating topics. Whether you grow cherries or cherry tomatoes, you will find this conversation between John and Mike to be fascinating and informative, with lessons that span all of agriculture. Listen to this conversation to hear Mike explain: His very practical experience and cost/benefit analysis with mulch, compost, cover crops and interplanting How mow-and-blow replaced Mike’s use of compost How plant sap analysis influenced his inputs management process Mike’s extensive trials, and thinking process, for finding cover crops suitable for orchard alleyways Specific information on Ajuga (Ajuga reptans), Moneywort (Lysimachia nummularia), and Comfrey (Symphytum officinale var. patens) Nutritional defenses against the two major cherry diseases, bacterial canker and powdery mildew that he never imagined possible An interesting anecdote on freeze resistance The value of fish and other inputs on orchard plantings The ROI on a bio-intensive system based on increased cherry size and firmness How biologically intensive practices and large scale production fit together Resources: SeaShield (fish product mentioned by Mike) Mike’s recommended sources for information: YouTube The Farming Ladder by G. Henderson Please remember to support our Community Impact featured partners! Acres USA is North America’s premier publisher on production-scale organic and sustainable farming. For more than four decades they have been helping farmers, ranchers and market gardeners grow food organically and sustainably. Acres USA is dedicated to the mission of educating growers about the benefits of ecological farming, with content that is designed to help you grow your operation in an ecologically and economically sound way. Check out their books, podcast, and monthly magazine!   Support For This Show This show is brought to you by AEA, helping professional growers make more money using regenerative agriculture since 2006. If you grow on a large scale and are looking to increase crop revenue and quality, email hello@advancingecoag.com or call 800-495-6603 extension 344 to be connected with a dedicated AEA crop consultant.   Sign Up For Email Updates To be alerted via email when new episodes are released, and get special updates about John speaking, teaching, and podcast LIVE recordings, be sure to sign up for The Regenerative Agriculture Podcast email list.   Feedback & Booking Please send your feedback, requests for topics or guests, or booking request have a Podcast episode recorded LIVE at your event to production@regenerativeagriculturepodcast.com Email John directly at John@regenerativeagriculturepodcast.com   Credits This episode was Recorded by John Kempf and Mike Omeg, Edited by Nathan Harman, Produced by Nathan Harman, Robin Kitowski, and Anna Kempf.

Jon is back from Arizona and Eric's playing seamster. Another cryptocurrency heist, another Ring vulnerability, how to abuse (web) Service Workers, and a hardware attack at bare metal clouds. For fun, both the NSA and Eric are on GitHub, and Jon had a good time at Biosphere2 and Taliesin West. 0:00 - Intro 0:53 - Suspicious White Powder 4:38 - More Cryptocurrency Fun 9:22 - Ring Doorbell Interception 19:17 - Abusing Service Workers 25:51 - Baremetal Cloud Firmware Attack 33:41 - NSA on GitHub 35:03 - MacWiFiChecker 37:13 - Biosphere #2 43:22 - Taliesin West  

Walt Mahaffee, Ph.D., Research Plant Pathologist, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Corvalis explains how and why Grape Powdery Mildew populations become resistant to certain fungicides. He also explores how to mitigate resistance and describes current research on how fungicide resistance starts in Grape Powdery Mildew and how it spreads from one place to another.  References: Mahaffee’s USDA Agricultural Research Service webpage Fungicide Resistance Action Committee website Fungicide Resistance in Grapes: Grower Perspective Episode 6 | Vineyard Team Board Members (Sustainable Winegrowing) Fungicide Resistant Mildew Episode 09 | Dr. Tim Miles (Sustainable Winegrowing) The Goldilocks Principle & Powdery Mildew Management Episode 2 | Dr. Michelle Moyer (Sustainable Winegrowing) Grape Powdery Mildew Management and Inoculum Monitoring Episode 5 | Walt Mahaffee (Sustainable Winegrowing) Slides for “Grape Powdery Mildew Management and Inoculum Monitoring” Gubler-Thomas Model PMapp: A Mobile App for Assessing Grape Powdery Mildew Sign Up | Irrigation Efficiency Project Sustainable Ag Expo Sustainable Ag Expo Attendee Registration Discount UC Pest Management Guidelines for Grape Powdery Mildew What the mildew? A perspective on another challenging year managing powdery mildew | Article by Dr. Mahaffee Get More Subscribe on Google Play,  iTunes, Stitcher, TuneIn or wherever you listen so you never miss an episode on the latest science and research with the Sustainable Winegrowing Podcast. Since 1994, Vineyard Team has been your resource for workshops and field demonstrations, research, and events dedicated to the stewardship of our natural resources. Learn more at www.vineyardteam.org.

We are in a civil war. Envelopes with powder sent to the Pentagon and to Senator Cruz campaign office.

Yerrrrrrrrrr what’s good my guys? We were in New York City and wanted to give y’all a recap of our weekend. We discuss in detail our recording with the He Man Women Haters Club Podcast, A Sissy beef, dilated pupils, powdery noses, and much much more. HMWHC Podcast- Soundcloud : https://soundcloud.com/hemanwomanhatersclub/hmwhc-episode-151-mouses-therapy-session-ft-niki-banksblacktherapistpodcast Apple: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/hemanwomanhatersclub/id1001894354?mt=2&i=1000420574699 IG @Textuallyactivepod @_Rezz @Meezyblvd @EAtheExec @Tieralove (Sissy) @Jpulley (Sissy squared) Twitter @textuallyactpod @GetYouARezz @Meezyblvd @EAtheExec @TieraMone @_getjazzy Remember to send your listener letters to textuallyactivepod@gmail.com

Replay of segment 2 of The Wisconsin Vegetable Gardener Radio Show from 8-25-18 on 860AM WNOV and W293cx 106.5 FM Milwaukee WI, listen here during show hours Saturdays 9-10 am CST https://tinyurl.com/zvh5kaz Thank you for listening and downloading the show. Topics: Joey and Holly talk about what is and how to deal with powdery mildew. Providing adequate air circulation will help avoid powdery mildew in your garden Powdery mildew is one of the most widespread and easily identifiable plant fungal diseases. From vegetable gardens to rose gardens, ornamental trees and shrubs, almost no type of plant is immune. If you find that some of your plants or trees have powdery mildew, don’t worry. This fungus is host specific, meaning just because you find it on one plant species, does not make it a threat to other type plants in your landscape. Although there are many different species of powdery mildew, the symptoms all look about the same from one to another. You’ve likely seen it many times. White or gray powdery spots appear, often times covering most if not the entire leaf surface. It’s also found on plant stems, flowers and even fruit. Fortunately, the symptoms of powdery mildew are usually worse than the actual damage. Rarely is it fatal to the plant. Advanced stages can cause plant foliage to yellow, curl or turn brown and eventually cause the plant to defoliate prematurely. On flowering plants and trees, the fungus can lead to early bud drop or reduce the flower quality. Conditions that favor mildew formation include dry foliage, high humidity, low light and moderate temperatures. Proactive steps to avoid or minimize this risk include: Look for disease resistant varieties. Contact your local county extension service for named varieties and cultivars · Provide adequate air circulation by not crowding plants. · Site plants where they will get sufficient light of six hours or more each day. Minimize shade and trim trees and shrubs that block the light. · Avoid over fertilization. New growth is more susceptible. Instead, apply a slow-release fertilizer that provides more controlled growth. Most conventional products are made for prevention and control, not elimination of an existing infection. That’s why it’s important to start a control program before powdery mildew occurs or at least at the earliest sign of detection. There are many retail, off-the-shelf fungicide products that are effective at treating mildew. One of the most common active ingredients used for control is “chlorothalonil”. Although effective, it coats the leaf surface with a white milky film that is quite noticeable. Lesser know options include: Baking Soda (sodium bicarbonate) -This is possibly the best known of the home-made, organic solutions for powdery mildew. Although studies indicate that baking soda alone is not all that effective, when combined with horticultural grade or dormant oil and liquid soap, efficacy is very good if applied in the early stages or before an outbreak occurs. Use this recipe to make your own solution—mix one tablespoon of baking soda with a teaspoon of dormant oil and one teaspoon of insecticidal or liquid soap (not detergent) to a gallon of water. Spray on plants every one to two weeks. Potassium bicarbonate– Similar to baking soda, this has the unique advantage of actually eliminating powdery mildew once it’s there. Potassium bicarbonate is a contact fungicide which kills the powdery mildew spores quickly. In addition, it’s approved for use in organic growing. Mouthwash – If it can kill the germs in your mouth, certainly the fungal spores of powdery mildew are no match. And that’s the premise. Generic, ethanol based mouthwash can be very effective at control. Tests using one part mouthwash to three parts water worked for well for Jeff Gillman, Ph.D and Associate Professor at the University of Minnesota, Department of Horticulture. Just be careful when mixing and applying mouthwash as new foliage can be damaged. Vinegar – Similar to mouthwash, the acetic acid of vinegar can control powdery mildew. A mixture of 2-3 tablespoons of common apple cider vinegar, containing 5% acetic acid mixed with a gallon of water does job. However, too much vinegar can burn plants but at the same time, higher concentrations (above 5%) are more effective. Sulfur and Lime/Sulfur – Direct contact by sulfur prevents disease spores from developing. When mixed with hydrated lime, the solution will penetrate leaves for even greater effectiveness. A widely available version of this combination includes copper sulphate and hydrated lime, known as Bordeaux mix. However, all of these solutions can burn plant tissue and is damaging to microorganisms in the soil and harmful to beneficial insects. It is also considered moderately toxic to mammals and humans. Use sparingly and with caution if at all. Milk – The latest player in the fight against powdery mildew is milk. It’s not clear yet why it works so well, but it is believed that naturally occurring compounds in the milk are at work to combat the disease while also boosting the plant’s immune system. One experiment showed good results by applying a weekly dose of one part milk to two parts water. Water – Ironically, dry conditions and high humidity are the most favorable conditions for powdery mildew to form. But straight water is its enemy because it washes off the spores before they have time to embed. However, water isn’t something that I promote for control because wet foliage is friend to many other plant diseases. If you’re going to try this option, do so early in the day so foliage has time to dry out quickly. Neem oil – This is a readily available organic option to disease and pest control. Neem oil is extracted from the neem tree, native to India. This is an effective disease control and a broad spectrum, natural insecticide that is kinder to beneficial insects and mammals. As for controlling powdery mildew, results vary but it is not the best option. Results are usually moderate at best. https://thewisconsinvegetablegardener.com/radio/ check out highlights of past show podcast and video https://thewisconsinvegetablegardener.com/video-series/highlights-podcast/ Email your questions to TWVGshow@gmail.com tweet us as #twvg or @twvgshow The show runs March - Oct Saturday morning’s 9-10am cst Check out the following sponsors that Make the radio show possible: IV Organics: http://ivorganics.com/ MI Gardener: http://migardener.com/ Use coupon code SHARE10 to save 10% off your 1st order. Beans & Barley: http://www.beansandbarley.com/ Bobbex: http://www.bobbex.com/ Rootmaker: https://rootmaker.com/ Plant Success organics: https://plantsuccessorganics.com/ Woodmans Food Stores: https://www.woodmans-food.com/ Root assassin shovel: https://rootassassinshovel.com/ Bluemel's Garden & Landscape Center Family owned, independent garden and landscape center that has been servicing the metro-Milwaukee area since 1955. 4930 W. Loomis RD. 414-282-4220 http://bluemels.com/ Hoss Tools of www.hosstools.com Tree Diaper of www.treediaper.com Seedling Square of www.seedingsquare.com Rebel green of www.rebelgreen.com Use coupon code WIVEG15 to save 15% at www.rebelgreen.com/shop Dripping Springs OLLAS of www.drippingspringsollas.com Saz Products of www.sazproducts.com Shield n seal of www.shieldnseal.com Pomona Universal Pectin of www.pomonapectin.com Flame Engineering Inc. of www.flameengineering.com Eco Garden Systems of www.ecogardensystems.com Made of recycled materials in the U.S It is a raised garden bed offers sustainable organic gardening that is environmentally sound. Use coupon code Wiveg125 to save $125 & Free Shipping (a $250 vale) on the Eco Garden Original Garden unit only in stone color must be purchased through the Eco Garden Systems website www.ecogardensystems.com/store valid thru Dec 31 2018 Outpost Natural Foods Co-op of www.outpost.coop Manure tea of www.manuretea.com The Gardener's Hollow Leg of www.thegardenershollowleg.com Save 10% use veggies at checkout Handy Safety Knife of www.handysafetyknife.com Use promo code WVG to get 10% off and free shipping one time use only. Bio Safe of www.biosafe.net 10% on your next order use coupon code TWVG at check out Chapin Manufacturing Inc. of www.chapinmfg.com The Plant Booster of www.plantbooster.net Tall Earth of www.tallearth.com save 15% on orders placed on, TallEarth.com. use WISCONVEG at checkout Purple cow organics of https://www.purplecoworganics.com

Fal Allen from Anderson Valley Brewing is our guest on Brew Ha Ha today, joining Steve Jaxon, Mark Carpenter and Herlinda Heras. Herlinda Heras says we will talk about Gose beers today with Fal Allen who has written a new book called Gose: Brewing an Ancient Beer in Modern Times. Anderson Valley Brewing Co. cans have the slogan Bahl Hornin' printed at the top of the can. This is an expression in Boontling, the dialect of Boonville, California. It means "good drinkin'." Visit this page on the AVBC website for more about Boontling. Here is a video where Fal Allen talks to a Boonville resident who speaks Boontling. Steve introduces Fal Allen from award-winning Anderson Valley Brewing Company in Boonville, in Mendocino County. Anderson Valley was a hop growing region in the late 1800s. Powdery mildew killed all the plants. The brewery opened in 1988. They opened a brewpub in a town of 500 people and they quickly found that people would come up from San Francisco to buy their beer. It became popular in the mid 90s and they switched from a brewpub to a production brewery. Mark notes that it was very early in the brewpub business. They did an annual beer festival that attracted more brewers than anywhere else. Herlinda notes that they still do it. But first she mentions Fal Allen’s new book about Gose beer. The one they are tasting is the Framboise Rose Gose beer. Steve likes it. Herlinda asks Fal Allen to describe Gose beer. It’s one of the oldest styles of beer in the world, from Germany, even before the Rheinheitsgebot. There were a lot of sour beers, like Gose. It’s very light and has a little salt in it and Fal explains why. The beer is named after the town and the river that runs through it, in Goslar. Herlinda has to leave early today because she’s going to the ELO concert in Oakland at Oracle Arena. After the break, Mark asks Fal Allen about his other books. He and Dick Cantwell wrote a book about Barley Wine several years ago. Sierra Nevada makes one, so does Anderson Valley Brewing. It's a big strong beer, and hard to make, with the highest alcohol and the most hops. Mark remembers that at Anchor Brewing, they were one of the first Barley Wine makers in the US. Fritz Maytag discovered it while visiting England. It's called Barley Wine because it is high in alcohol, but only used barley. Fal Allen says they make one every year. They're aged for a long time and can be rather sweet, with a raisiny, plummy flavor. They're made in the Fall to be consumed during the Winter. Next they taste a Gold Gose. Fal found demand for lower alcohol lighter beers. Coors Banquet came out the winner of their taste test. Their Boonville Gold is like a Pilsner but a bit more hoppy, easy drinking. Mark agrees there are two markets, one for low-alcohol lighter beers and another for the hoppy IPAs. Fal Allen is also a firefighter and Steve asks him about some fires that are burning up in Mendocino County right now (as the show is being recorded). He says they have had four fires just in July, from different causes. It is so dry up there that it takes hardly anything to start a fire. Steve mentions that a lot of California officials are using the term "the new normal" to describe the more dangerous fire conditions that are present in the last several years. Fal Allen mentions that the Santa Rosa fires last year were wind-driven and that once the wind pushes a fire there is no stopping it. Finally, they taste an Old Fashioned beer, made to taste like the cocktail of that name. It has some cherry and orange peel, aged it in Wild Turkey Bourbon barrels and added Angostura bitters. It's 8.3% alcohol. Fal Allen is happily surprised with the result. Mark agrees that it's fun in brewing, to try for a goal and then to achieve it.

Happy Canada Day, Grow Guiders! Dave and Maggie spend this hot, long weekend jumping right into the new month and chatting about common problems that happen in the garden during July. They start today off by answering a listener's question about chlorosis on her roses and how to manage it. From there, it's all about common gardening problems, including aphids, blossom end rot and powdery mildew. Not to fear, these are all combattable problems that won't affect your harvest if you're proactive. To join the Facebook community group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/276990892799327/ To connect with Maggie: https://www.instagram.com/fromsoiltosoul/ To connect with Dave:  https://www.instagram.com/sagegardenherbs/ To connect with Gardens Manitoba: https://www.instagram.com/gardensmb/

Jon Lamb and Brett Draper take a look back at the year in gardening.

Joey and Holly host of The Wisconsin Vegetable Gardener​ #radio #show in #Milwaukee talk about what is Powdery Mildew and what to do about it. (segment only) 860AM and FM 106.5 WNOV Milwaukee Saturday Morning’s March till end of October https:// thewisconsinvegetablegardener.com/radio/ Thank you to the following sponsors that Make the radio show possible Email twvgradio@gmail.com The Sponsors That Made This Possible Our wonderful Radio Sponsors That Make The Show Possible March 4th -October 28th Saturday morning’s 9-10 am On WNOV 860 & 106.5 FM Milwaukee Nesalla Kombucha: https://nessalla.com/ MI Gardener: http://migardener.com/ Beans & Barley: http://www.beansandbarley.com/ Tree Ripe Citrus and Peaches: http://www.tree-ripe.com/ Bobbex: http://www.bobbex.com/ Rootmaker: https://rootmaker.com/ Greenstalk Garden: https://greenstalkgarden.com/ Plant Success: http://www.plant-success.com/ Mantis Plant Protection: http://www.mantisplantprotection.com/ IV Organics: http://ivorganics.com/ Art of the Garden: https://www.artofthegarden.net/ Woodmans Food Stores: https://www.woodmans-food.com/ Riverwest Co-op: http://riverwestcoop.org/ Ariens: https://www.ariens.com/en-us Hodgson mill : http://www.hodgsonmill.com/ Root assassin shovel: https://rootassassinshovel.com/ http://bluemels.com/ Bluemel's Garden & Landscape Center Family owned, independent garden and landscape center that has been servicing the metro-Milwaukee area since 1955. 4930 W. Loomis RD. 414-282-4220 http://bluemels.com/

The Wisconsin Vegetable Gardener​ Radio Show from 7-29-17 on 860AM WNOV​ Topics:Joey and Holly talk about Understanding essential oils & dealing with Powdery Mildew Their Guest Sharon Morrisey is a premier horticulturist and teacher of both casual gardeners and Extension Master Gardener volunteers. She is the Consumer Horticulture Agent for Milwaukee County University of Wisconsin and questions from listeners plus callers questions and emails. https://thewisconsinvegetablegardener.com/ Thank you to the following sponsors that Make the radio show possible Email twvgradio@gmail.com The Sponsors That Made This Possible Our wonderful Radio Sponsors That Make The Show Possible March 4th -October 28th Saturday morning’s 9-10 am On WNOV 860 & 106.5 FM Milwaukee Nesalla Kombucha: https://nessalla.com/ MI Gardener: http://migardener.com/ Beans & Barley: http://www.beansandbarley.com/ Tree Ripe Citrus and Peaches: http://www.tree-ripe.com/ Bobbex: http://www.bobbex.com/ Rootmaker: https://rootmaker.com/ Greenstalk Garden: https://greenstalkgarden.com/ Plant Success: http://www.plant-success.com/ Mantis Plant Protection: http://www.mantisplantprotection.com/ IV Organics: http://ivorganics.com/ Art of the Garden: https://www.artofthegarden.net/ Woodmans Food Stores: https://www.woodmans-food.com/ Riverwest Co-op: http://riverwestcoop.org/ Ariens: https://www.ariens.com/en-us Hodgson mill : http://www.hodgsonmill.com/ Root assassin shovel: https://rootassassinshovel.com/ Bluemel's Garden & Landscape Center Family owned, independent garden and landscape center that has been servicing the metro-Milwaukee area since 1955. 4930 W. Loomis RD. 414-282-4220

The Wisconsin Vegetable Gardener​ Radio Show from 7-8-17 on 860AM WNOV​ Topics:Joey and Holly talk about what you need to look for in your summer garden and 5 July Gardening Tips plus guest Pam from https://brownthumbmama.com/ and questions from listeners plus callers questions and emails. https://thewisconsinvegetablegardener.com/ Thank you to the following sponsors that Make the radio show possible Email twvgradio@gmail.com The Sponsors That Made This Possible Our wonderful Radio Sponsors That Make The Show Possible March 4th -October 28th Saturday morning’s 9-10 am On WNOV 860 & 106.5 FM Milwaukee Nesalla Kombucha: https://nessalla.com/ MI Gardener: http://migardener.com/ Beans & Barley: http://www.beansandbarley.com/ Tree Ripe Citrus and Peaches: http://www.tree-ripe.com/ Bobbex: http://www.bobbex.com/ Rootmaker: https://rootmaker.com/ Greenstalk Garden: https://greenstalkgarden.com/ Plant Success: http://www.plant-success.com/ Mantis Plant Protection: http://www.mantisplantprotection.com/ IV Organics: http://ivorganics.com/ Art of the Garden: https://www.artofthegarden.net/ Woodmans Food Stores: https://www.woodmans-food.com/ Riverwest Co-op: http://riverwestcoop.org/ Ariens: https://www.ariens.com/en-us Hodgson mill : http://www.hodgsonmill.com/ Root assassin shovel: https://rootassassinshovel.com/ Bluemel's Garden & Landscape Center Family owned, independent garden and landscape center that has been servicing the metro-Milwaukee area since 1955. 4930 W. Loomis RD. 414-282-4220

Dr. Timothy Miles discusses the prevalence of powdery mildew populations found to be resistant to FRAC group 11 fungicides. He then describes his work on finding the genes associated with resistance to FRAC group 11 fungicides and developing new molecular tools to identify fungicide resistant powdery mildew populations. References: Detection of Fungicide Resistant Mildew | Timothy Miles Inoculum Monitoring to Guide Mildew Management_Episode 5 Podcast Grower Thoughts on Fungicide Resistance_Episode 6 Podcast PMapp: A Mobile App for Assessing Powdery Mildew Listen to the latest science and research with the Sustainable Winegrowing Podcast. Since 1994, Vineyard Team has been your resource for workshops and field demonstrations, research, and events dedicated to the stewardship of our natural resources. Learn more at www.vineyardteam.org.

Join Joey & Holly talk about powdery mildew the problem that most gardener's face in their gardens over the summer. And it's all about growing up vertical gardening what you can use to get more out of use garden space no matter the size. They welcome their guest John Jordan from Winchester Gardens of www.wgardens.com As they talk Fertilizer, Organic Plant Food and more. And what perennial you may what to make space for in your garden. Ways to control powdery mildew: http://www.growingagreenerworld.com/controlling-or-eliminating-powdery-mildew/ Check out these great sponsors that help make this show possible: Authentic Haven Brand http://www.manuretea.com/ Art Of The Garden http://artofthegarden.net/ NessAlla Kombucha http://nessalla.com/ Root Maker http://www.rootmaker.com/ Cuppow http://cuppow.com/ Paradigm Gardens http://paradigmgardens.com/ Timber pro UV Coating http://timberprocoatings.com/Avenger Organic Weed Killer http://avengerorganics.com/ After break intros Niki Jabbour http://www.nikijabbour.com/, Jeff of http://lostskillspodcast.com/& Jared http://permasapien.com/ Music provided by: http://www.freesfx.co.uk/ http://audionautix.com (uncopywrited and royalty free)

Bob and Dale are joined by Craig Schneider, a regular guest host on cigarmedia.tv. The Cigar of the Week is the Camino Real Serie 6. Bob interviews Jon Van Bilderbeek of Route 45 Cigars, the maker of Camino Real. The cigar featured in the What's My Band segment of the show, the San Cristobal Lancero, was provided by listener Jeff Curtis. Listeners Colin Ganley and David Zulch write in. Enter January's Palio contest by sending a photo of you or your friends enjoying a cigar to theshow@cigarmedia.tv. (Don't forget to include your mailing address and type "Palio" on the subject line.) To see the contest pictures, click on the Contest icon on the www.cigarmedia.tv home page. Remember you must re-enter each month to be eligible to win. Check out the live show! Go to http://www.cigarmedia.tv/live/ where the show is broadcast live most Friday evenings at 9 PM EST. Join us on February 3rd for the Panacea Cigars Cyber Herf. Panacea is promoting a live cyber herf with Dogwatch on Feb. 3rd when the Panacea Azul Cameroon is the Cigar of the week. Click here for the invitation from Panacea. You won't want to miss the live version of show #365 on February 10th. In honor of having a show for listeners to download on every day of the year, Bob, Dale, Liz and Craig Schneider will be giving out sampler packs of some of their favorite cigars. But you must be in the chatroom during the live show to win so be sure to tune in on February 10th. Cigar of the Week - Camino Real Serie 6 by Route 45 Cigars Columbian Puro - Dominican, Cuban and Colombian seed tobaccos all grown in Columbia. Camino Real Cigars is a newer brand started in mid 2009. Hear more about the company's background and the making of Camino Real cigars from Jon Van Bilderbeek of Route 45 Cigars. What else have you been smokin' Craig? Illusione HL Maduro - I don’t usually smoke a regular supply of Illusiones but took this one out of my work humidor prior to what was shaping up to be a long ride home. Filled with all of the characteristic lush flavors but dropped down an octive and smoothed out. This did have a couple years or so on it and smoked like a dream. Yet another reason to set a cigar aside for a bit of time. Cohiba Behike 56 - In preparation for a specific tasting I’ll be doing next month with a couple of friends, I’ve been smoking these to prep. Like smoking the barnyard aroma. Very unique but very reminiscent of other Cohibas. Deep, sweet, citrusy, earthy. A very rich cigar that burns incredibly slowly. Can last easily 3 hours. An hour of burn time yielded only 1-1/2” of ash. Camino Real Blue Churchill #6- A nice mild cigar. Very light in the hand. Starts out very papery but develops a “soft” flavored cookie taste. Enjoyable value price stick. I’d smoke it again with my own money What else have you been smokin' Dale? Alec Bradley Black Market - Churchill and Robusto - After trying this new line in the Gordo size, I had to give it a whirl in some smaller ring gauges. The Churchill is 50 ring, the Robusto is 52. The blend is the same - filler is Panama & Honduras, the binder is Sumatra and the wrapper is Nicaragua. In the smaller ring sizes, the flavors are a bit more spicy. The leather core is also more highlighted, but smoother. Aurora Barrel Aged #4 Corona - This cigar just keep calling me back. I love the sweet and savory notes this Dominican grown Corojo wrapper brings, thanks to the slow and careful fermentation and aging process. Lots of cedar and nuttiness in the Nicaragua/Dominican blend, a great draw & burn every time and a smoking time of about 50 minutes makes this cigar fit well as an everyday smoke for me What else have you been smokin' Bob? Alec Bradley JAM - tasty with leather, wood and warm savory flavors. Alec Bradley New York - Deep earthy flavors What's My Band?- This week's unbanded, the San Cristobal Lancero provided by Jeff Curtis. Bob: I have smoked this before but cannot remember what it is. Lots of complex flavors, great burn and it made me sad to put it down. Craig: Traditional Laguito #1 7-1/2”x38 w/ pigtail. Amazingly craggy corojo looking wrapper. Thick & textured like a wall with 10 coats of paint. Amazing sweetness upon initial light. Like sweet buttery roasted pecans & root beer. Cinnamon toast w/ sugar jumps in & out. Powdery ash that burns quickly & doesn’t hold more than 1”. Medium strength, medium body. Interesting cigar that develops almost too much smoke, even with such a small amount removed. Nicaraguan, Dominican. What is this? Esencia? I’ve not smoked the limited edition Lancero. Could this be it? Palio Cutter Contest: The winner of the December Silver Palio cutter was Tim Banic. For January's contest, we are looking for photos of you and your friends enjoying cigars (all the better if they happen to be Esencias, but it will not affect your chances of winning). Send your entry to theshow@cigarmedia.tv. Please include your mailing address with your entry and type "Palio" on the subject line. Don't forget, you must re-enter the contest every month to be eligible to win. January's prize will be a black Palio cutter. Do you have a suggestion for the unbanded cigar of the week? Every week Bob and Dale include an “unbanded cigar” segment in their show in which they smoke a cigar without any markings and give their honest opinions. Bob then opens a sealed envelope and discovers the cigar’s name and manufacturer. If you have suggestions for the "What's My Band?" segment, please send them to liz@cigarmedia.tv. Do you have a Cigar Review? If you call and leave a cigar review on the herfline and it is played on the show, you will receive a DogWatch Cigar Radio patch! 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