Podcasts about Snellen

While Friday crosswords are traditionally themeless, today's grid was rife with subtle, almost ninja-like Valentine's Day references. That's not to detract from the rest of the grid. We were fans of 51D, One-eyed "Futurama" character, LEELA (oh, please reboot that series!); 53D, One sporting a sporran, maybe, SCOT (okay, maybe we do subscribe to Popular Sporran, what about it?

Dr. Wilner would love your feedback! Click here to send a text! Thanks!Many thanks to Daniel Laby, MD, for joining me on "The Art of Medicine with Dr. Andrew Wilner." Dr. Laby is a pediatric ophthalmologist, a former Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, and the author of two books, including the recently published “Eye of the Champion.” Dr. Laby treats children two days a week in his clinic and spends the rest of his time working as a “sports vision” expert, a medical niche I didn't know existed! He has more than 30 years of experience studying the vision of athletes. During our 30-minute conversation, Dr. Laby explained how the commonly used Snellen eye chart works and what 20/20 vision means. He also shared that professional baseball players, on average, have 20/12 vision, better than the average person! For more information, Dr. Laby has a YouTube Channel: “Sports Vision by Dr. Laby”https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC-QJoss1buWNfSvw3pVfAFgThanks for listening!Please click "Fanmail" and share your feedback!If you enjoy an episode, please share with friends and colleagues. "The Art of Medicine with Dr. Andrew Wilner" is now available on Alexa! Just say, "Play podcast The Art of Medicine with Dr. Andrew Wilner!" To never miss a program, subscribe at www.andrewwilner.com. You'll learn about new episodes and other interesting programs I host on Medscape.com, ReachMD.com, and RadioMD.com. Please rate and review each episode. To contact Dr. Wilner or to join the mailing list: www.andrewwilner.com To support this program: https://www.patreon.com/andrewwilner Finally, this production has been made possible in part by support from “The Art of Medicine's” wonderful sponsor, Locumstory.com, a resource where providers can get real, unbiased answers about locum tenens. If you are interested in locum tenens, or considering a new full-time position, please go to Locumstory.com. Or paste this link into your browser: ...

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Op de World Relays in de Bahama's proberen 5 Belgische estafetteploegen zich te plaatsen voor de Olympische Spelen in Parijs. De Belgian Tornados zouden een zekerheid moeten zijn, maar wat kunnen de Cheetahs, de Falcons en de Rockets? En ligt er met de recente Mixed Relay nog een extra weg naar Parijs open? We bespreken het met bondscoach van de 4x100 meter mannen Lieve Van Mechelen, Falcon-kapitein Kobe Vleminckx en ex-Tornado en huidig CEO van het BOIC Cédric Van Branteghem.

**How are we doing?? Click ⁠⁠⁠⁠here⁠⁠⁠⁠ to complete a brief, 2-minute survey.** Dr. Daniel M. Laby shares expert advice based upon his 30 years of experience in the field of sports and performance vision, including his recently released book, Eye of the Champion. Is 20/20 the visual standard for athletes? Should the Snellen visual acuity be the gold standard? Is LASIK suitable for all athletes? Listen to an 8-time world series champion tackle these questions and more! Dr. Daniel M. Laby is a board-certified ophthalmologist with 30 years of experience in Sports and Performance vision. Dr. Laby received his medical degree and completed ophthalmology residency at George Washington University and completed a fellowship in pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus surgery at UCLA. Dr. Laby has worked with professional athletes in baseball, hockey, basketball, and olympic sports, contributing to eight professional baseball championship teams. Dr Laby has organized 3 International sports vision meetings and has organized and moderates the Sports Vision ListServ. He is frequently involved in sports vision scientific publications and was an Assistant Clinical Professor at the Harvard Medical School and served as Director of Sports and Performance Vision at the State University of New York College of Optometry.

This week on the show, the theme is The Snellen Chart. You probably have never heard of it, but you've more than likely seen it. It's that chart that's used during eye exams. The one with the random letters that vary in size. I'll be playing songs with titles that include forms of words like see, view, watch, sight, etc... For more info on the show, visit reelinwithryan.com

This episode of the podcast kicks off a new feature called "Second Look", where we replay selected talks from past Ancestral Health Symposium conferences, that we think will interest you.This talk was presented by Todd Becker at the 2014 Ancestral Health Symposium meeting in Berkeley, California.  The title is:  "Myopia: A Modern Yet Reversible Disease" Myopia is also called near-sightedness. It's a refractive defect of the eye, where close up objects are in focus, but more distant objects appear blurred.  Glasses or contacts  are typically prescribed to correct this condition -- although in reality they don't actually correct the underlying problem. They are just a crutch that aids you in seeing more clearly.  And often they just make the underlying problem worse, so stronger lenses are needed.Todd wore glasses for my his myopia, starting in high school, and over time the eye doctor kept increasing strength of the prescription... until he discovered how to get rid of them in his forties.    The first part of talk is about about the increasing incidence and causes of myopia, including the underlying biology of how the eye becomes myopic by increasing in axial length, due to environmental factors such as poor vision hygiene -- spending too much time reading and looking at screens up close.The second half of the talk builds on this biological understanding to reverse the process, describing in detail how to use an active focusing technique to reverse myopia and restore normal vision.  The method was adapted from research and practices used by others. Todd first wrote about his success and the active focusing approach in 2010, on the blog, GettingStronger.org   It's one of many applications of a general biological principle known as hormesis - the judicious application of controlled low-dose stress to make the body and metabolism more resilient in different ways.The talk also indicates how the same principles can be used to reverse hyperopia, or far-sightedness, where one has trouble focusing on fine print or objects up close.  Something that many people encounter as they get older.This talk on Myopia Reversal remains the single most popular recorded talk on our Ancestral Health Society YouTube channel, with well over a million views and 4000 comments.  The comments fall into three main categories:* A small number are from skeptics who don't believe it is biologically possible to reverse myopia.* A larger number are from viewers who applied the technique with success, and either reduced their glasses prescription or got rid of their glasses or contact lenses for good.* And there is another group with questions from those interested in trying the technique but are unsure about certain details.  For thesse people, there is an FAQ post on my blog that answers many of those commonly asked questions.  Resources:* Blog posts connected with the talk:* An annotated summary of the videohttps://gettingstronger.org/2014/08/myopia-a-modern-yet-reversible-disease/* easier to read copy of slides* references and links to related blog posts* Frequently asked questions and a very detailed guide to the active focusing techniques* https://gettingstronger.org/2016/03/faq-for-vision-improvement-by-hormetism/* Scientific articles on the biology of myopia:* Birnbaum, M.H. (1988). Myopia and near-point stress model. In Myopia & Nearwork. Butterworth Heinemann.* Drexler, W. et al. (1998). Eye elongation during accommodation in humans. Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science. 39 (11) 2140-2147* Hung, L.F., et al. (1995) Spectacle lenses alter eye growth and the refractive status of young monkeys. Nature Medicine, (1) 761-765* Hung, G.K., Ciuffreda, K.J. (2003). An incremental retinal-defocus theory of the development of myopia. Comm. Theor. Biol. 8: 511-513 * Irving, E.L., et al. (1991). Inducing myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism in chicks. Opt. Vis. Sci., (68): 364- 368.* Read, Scott A. et al. (2010) Human optical axial length and defocus. IOVS, 51 (12) 6262-6269.* Schaeffel, Frank et al. (1988). Accommodation, refractive error and eye growth in chickens. Vision Research. 28 (5) 639-657.* Books on myopia reversal* Brown, Otis S. How to Avoid Nearsightedness--A Scientific Study of the Eye's Behavior. C&O Research, 1999* DeAngelis, David, The Secret of Perfect Vision: How You Can Prevent or Reverse Nearsighedness. Berkeley: North Atlantic Books, 2008.* Orfield, Antonia. Seeing space: undergoing brain re-programming to reduce myopia. Journal of Behavioral Ophthalmology 5 (5) , 123-131.* Severson, Brian. Vision Freedom, 1998.* Websites with related (but not identical) methods:* gettingstronger.orgfrauenfeldclinic.com* myopiafree.com* powervisionsystem.com* myopiacure.blogspot.caHere is a guide to topics discussed in this podcast episode:Time     Topic0;07       Intro to this "Second Look" at this AHS 2014 talk4:46       Todd's story of wearing glasses until his 40s.9:41       To reverse myopia, we need to understand the causes6:23        Definition of myopia & possible complications 7:26        Is myopia caused by genetics or environment?9:27        The incidence of myopia has doubled since 19709:58        Influences of education and diet12:17      Interaction of genetics and environmental causes13:15      The biological mechanism causing myopia16:25      The Incremental Retinal Defocus Theory of myopia 18:22       How can myopia be reversed?18:37       Applying the hormesis principle21:06       Active focusing - what it is and how to use it21:29       Quantify your myopia with a Snellen chart22:33       Technique #1: Print pushing25:36       Technique #2:  Progressively weaker lenses26:35        Technique #3:  Fusing ghosted images28:21        Frequently asked questions33:07        Rediscover your natural vision!35:08        Q&A and references Get full access to Ancestral Health Today Substack at ancestralhealth.substack.com/subscribe

Michael Snellen, a Catholic convert and the host of the Catholicism for the Modern World podcast joins Justin Hibbard to talk about his experience at World Youth Day 2023 in Lisbon, Portugal. Listen as Michael shares about the world's largest gathering and some of his experiences with such a diverse group of people. Subscribe to Why Catholic? wherever you get your podcasts.Check out the Why Catholic Etsy shop (all proceeds support this podcast).Become a free subscriber or a patron of Why Catholic? and get the next episode and a discount code to the Why Catholic Etsy shop in your email inbox.Follow Why Catholic on Instagram.Subscribe to Why Catholic on YouTubeLike what you hear? Leave a 5-star rating and a comment on Apple Podcasts and Spotify.SHOW NOTES* Catholicism for the Modern World website* Catholicism for the Modern World YouTube channel* Catholicism for the Modern World Facebook page* Catholicism for the Modern World video of World Youth Day* World Youth Day website* Justin Hibbard's interview on Catholicism for the Modern World Get full access to Why Catholic? at whycatholic.substack.com/subscribe

Hoy, en el último episodio de la semana, te cuento qué es la agudeza visual y cómo se mide utilizando optotipos, como la E de Snellen o la C de Landolt. ¡Buen fin de semana! Espero tus comentarios en la comunidad de Telegram: https://t.me/cienciaoficcion [Música] Buenos días, jueves 2 de junio y hoy te quiero hablar que hace unos días que no hablo de ello de cosas que te van a ver con óptica y en este caso va a ser de algo muy básico, muy sencillo, pero que puede ser bastante abstracto aunque todos nos hemos enfrentado en algún momento a esto y como ya has visto en el título me refiero a la agudeza visual. La agudeza visual es algo que nos suelen medir en la óptica y porque se mide la agudeza visual bueno cuando hay algún problema óptico en principio cuando hay algún problema en cuanto a la óptica del ojo comparada con su tamaño y por lo tanto no enfoca precisamente en la retina, pues esto tiene un impacto en la agudeza visual, igual que si hay algún problema de transparencia o cualquier otra cosa, el indicador más rápido para ver que algo no funciona bien es la agudeza visual. ¿Y qué es la agudeza visual? Pues la agudeza visual no es nada más y nada menos que la resolución. La capacidad que tenemos con su sistema visual de ser capaces de distinguir estos puntos que están muy cerquita. ¿Y cómo de cerca esos puntos pues depende y los puntos están más cerjitas de nosotros pues los puntos podrán estar separados menos y si están más lejos pues podrán estar separados más porque aquí lo importante va a ser el ángulo. La hueza visual va a medir la capacidad que tenemos de separar dos objetos que están separados un cierto ángulo y claro aquí hay que tomar una referencia, hacer una normativa, hacer un estándar para que esto pueda ser comparable y aquí es donde entran en juego los optotipos que se llaman que son esas cartas que nos ponen la óptica a cierta distancia para ver si somos capaces de leerlo. Hay varios tipos y bueno, son muy muy conocidos, uno por ejemplo pues es simplemente letras, aquí viola D, aquí viola P, aquí viola T y esto es perfectamente válido pero no es tan preciso porque la P va a tener una forma diferente y unas digamos unos detalles de diferente tamaño lo que puede tener una O o una D o una F, es decir la tipografía digamos que pues influye demasiado, es por eso que se inventaron por un lado la E de Snellen y la C de Landot que son unas letras que os estaré poniendo en la miniatura del podcast para que la puedas ver y si no vos las puedes buscar también en internet cuando tengas un tiempo, El caso es que estas letras están hechas con muy muy buen ojo para que lo que estés midiendo y cada detalle de esa letra por ejemplo la E tenga el tamaño adecuado con el cual queremos ver si esa persona es capaz de diferenciarlo si no puede separar esos otros puntos que van a hacer que vea para donde está abierta esa E de snel por ejemplo o esa C de landot pues quiere decir que esa resolución pues no lo alcanza. Es muy importante tener en cuenta dos cosas la agudeza visual se tiene que medir con la corrección. Es decir, si nosotros tenemos una ceguera por guisis lentillas y sin gafas, bueno, la hueza visual es una vez que corrijamos ese error refractivo, entonces es cuando haremos la medición de la hueza visual. Y la hueza visual máxima es la que nos va a decir si estamos bien o no. Esto puede parecer de perogruyo, pero no. Si una persona tiene un problema de visión o no la descapacidad, va a ser porque esa corrección no le va a aumentar la budeza visual y nosotros tenemos una discapacidad visual sin lentillas o lo que tenemos 10 diastrias de miopia y somos ciegos legales pues tenemos ciegos legales si no pudiéramos corregirnos de una manera pues como una gafas una lentillas como digo es algo de perogruyo pero hay que tenerlo en cuenta si conseguimos la máxima corrección posible lo que hace que ve...

It's Masters week! Banning participation trophies. First impressions. Breakfast Cup Noodles. Broadcast stories. Blackout Cake Oreos. Snellen chart.

Tee ball. Jeep wave. Banning participation trophies. First impressions. First impressions. Breakfast Cup Noodles. Blackout Cake Oreos. Snellen chart. Does music impact your athletic performance? Stolen DQ spoon. Break room fridge etiquette. Word aversion.

‘In Plain Sight' at Wellcome Collection explores the different ways we see and are seen by others. Questioning the central place that sight holds in human society through the different experiences of sighted, partially sighted and blind people.  ‘In Plain Sight' unfolds across four themes: symbolism of the eye, bias in visual perception, eyewear and identity, and the interconnection between senses. It examines the tools that shape how we view the world through historical and contemporary artworks and objects, including examples of eyewear from the 1600s to the present day, and scientific and medical items investigating visual perception.   The exhibition brings together new commissions from artists Emilie Gossiaux, Nina Manandhar and Alexandra Zsigmond, as well works by Jo Bannon, Hassan Hajaj, Carmen Papalia, Jon Rafman, Seana Gavin and Phillip Warnell. It also presents the collaborative practice, Keiken (Hana Omori, Isabel Ramos and Tanya Cruz) and another collaboration by Georgina Kleege, Fayen d'Evie, Katy West, convened by Whitney Mashburn and Carmen Papalia. RNIB Connect Radio's Toby Davey recently visited ‘In Plain Sight' at Wellcome Collection and chatted with Laurie Britton Newell one of the Co-Curators of the exhibition. Laurie and Toby first chatted about the starting point for ‘In Plain Sight' and the main aims of the exhibition as well as talking about some of the commissioned art work by blind and partially sighted artists that feature in the exhibition, and how Laurie and Wellcome Collection worked with a number of groups of blind and partially sighted people on the accessibility of ‘In Plain Sight', including a tactile path that takes visitors through all the exhibition rooms. ‘In Plain Sight' continues at Wellcome Collection until 12 February 203 and more about the exhibition including details about the recorded guide with audio description, dates of the lights up events and more can be found by visiting the Wellcome Collection website- https://wellcomecollection.org/exhibitions/Yv95yBAAAILuCNv6 Image shows a scene from the collection: A man interacting with one of Aaron McPeake's sculptures (a bronze cast of an eye chart which can be struck to make a resonant sound) alongside a Snellen eye chart which is backlit.

O Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE) visa à integração e articulação permanente da educação e da saúde, proporcionando melhoria da qualidade de vida da população. O PSE tem como objetivo contribuir para a formação integral dos estudantes por meio de ações de promoção, prevenção e atenção à saúde, com vistas ao enfrentamento das vulnerabilidades que comprometem o pleno desenvolvimento de crianças e jovens da rede pública de ensino. Em Lauro Müller, o PSE voltou a ser realizado após a suspensão do programa, durante a pandemia de Covid-19. A Unidade de Saúde do bairro Arizona realizou na Escola José Heleodoro Barreto Junior, avaliação de acuidade visual através do teste de Snellen. A avaliação foi realizada pela médica Drª Maria Fernanda Araújo. Já a Unidade de Saúde do Itanema realizou na Escola Ligia Chaves Cabral atividades educativas de orientação em saúde bucal, e a distribuição de kits de higiene bucal. O Dentista, Leonardo Martinho Michels Harger, realizou com o apoio da auxiliar de saúde bucal Livia Canonica Ruzza avaliação odontológica nos alunos para posterior atendimento na Unidade de Saúde para os que necessitarem de acompanhamento. Durante entrevista ao Cruz de Malta Notícias desta sexta-feira, dia 19, a secretária de Saúde, Stela Maris Bristot Motta comentou sobre a retomada do programa. Ouça abaixo a entrevista completa:

Anne was naar Denemarken en daarna ff uit de running. Maar deze aflevering hadden jullie nog te goed. Alex, Hanneke en Nynke hadden het over hun examens, bladblazers, avondvierdaagses en het meest wonderlijke ritueel van allemaal: Hanneke in de ochtend. Snellen dan normaal volgt er trouwens een nieuwe aflevering, dus snel luisteren!Oh ja we hebben sponsors! Dank Bookbeat en onze vrinden van Squla xoxo.Deze zomer heeft Squla een aanbieding, namelijk 3 maanden voor €24,99. Speciaal voor deluisteraars van Ik ken iemand die geeft Squla extra korting van €5 bij een drie maandenlidmaatschap. Dat betekent 3 maanden Squla voor €19,99. Gebruik de code IKIDZOMER op dewebsite squla.nl. Deze is geldig t/m 31 juli 2022.Groetjes,AvdH, AJJ, HanHen, NdeJZie het privacybeleid op https://art19.com/privacy en de privacyverklaring van Californië op https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Doe mee aan de laatste ronde van Goed Genoeg, hét online programma voor perfectionisten die relaxter & gelukkiger willen worden. Meer info op www.doelgerichtecoaching.nl/goedgenoeg Volg me op Instagram voor meer tips over perfectionisme en een eerlijk kijkje achter de schermen: www.instagram.com/evelien_bijl

Michiel Snellen is illustrator en tatoeëerder: hij tatoeëert zijn schets-achtige lijntekeningen zélf op zijn klanten. Een percolator, vuurtoren, wilde-bes-prinses, schaakstukken, gebouwen en een lief schoolstoeltje op bovenarmen, enkels en billen. Heldere lijnen met opzettelijke imperfecties. We hebben het over op welke stukken lichaam hij het liefst tekent, wat een flash is en hoe je begint als tatoeëerder: gewoon met een machine en een stuk siliconenhuid. En tussendoor vergelijken we het menselijk lichaam met een A4-tje. Meer informatie over de online cursus "Kies je illustratie specialisatie" vind je op https://irenececile.com/wat-is-jouw-illustratie-specialisatie-kies-je-niche/ Shownotes van deze aflevering vind je op https://irenececile.com/podcast/michiel-snellen-tatoeeert-schets-achtige-lijntekeningen-van-percolators-en-bessenprinsesjes/

Brandon Butler and Nathan “Shags” McLeod sit down with Greg Snellen, President of the School of Natural Resources Alumni Association at the University of Missouri.The School of Natural Resources (SNR) at the University of Missouri is Missouri's and the Midwest's only school with a comprehensive natural resources program. SNR, a division of the MU College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, is one of the leading educational institutions in the nation emphasizing an integrated approach to natural resource management.SNR, housed in the Anheuser-Busch Natural Resource Building, is noted for small classes, hands-on student research opportunities, active student organizations, high-tech classrooms, personalized advising and strong professional orientation.For more info:https://snr.missouri.edu/Special Thanks To CZ-USA:https://cz-usa.com/Special Thanks To Living The Dream Properties:https://livingthedreamland.com/Special Thanks To Hunting Works For Missouri:https://huntingworksformo.com/Special Thanks To Mongo Attachments:https://www.mongoattachments.com/Special Thanks To Scenic Rivers Taxidermy:http://www.scenicriverstaxidermy.com/Connect with Driftwood Outdoors:https://www.facebook.com/DriftwoodOutdoors/https://www.instagram.com/driftwoodoutdoors/Email:info@driftwoodoutdoors.com

Today we are joined by Dr. Sara Seager. Dr. Seager is the Class of 1941 Professor of Planetary Science, Professor of Physics, and Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Her past research is credited with laying the foundation for the field of exoplanet atmospheres, while her current research focuses on exoplanet atmospheres and the future search for signs of life by way of atmospheric biosignature gases. Professor Seager is involved with a number of space-based exoplanet searches including as the Deputy Science Director for the MIT-led NASA mission TESS, as the PI for the on-orbit JPL/MIT CubeSat ASTERIA, and as a lead for Starshade Rendezvous Mission (a space-based mission concept under technology development for direct imaging discovery and characterization of Earth analogs).Before joining MIT in 2007, Professor Seager spent four years on the senior research staff at the Carnegie Institution of Washington preceded by three years at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, NJ. Her PhD is from Harvard University, and her BSc from the University of Toronto. Among other accolades, Professor Seager is a member of the National Academy of Sciences and a 2013 MacArthur Fellow. You can learn more about Dr. Seager and her work on her Twitter and her official website. Show Notes:Physics | Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyThe Smallest Lights in the Universe: A Memoir | Penguin Random HouseVenus | NASA Solar System ExplorationCould acid-neutralizing life-forms make habitable pockets in Venus' clouds? | MIT NewsList of missions to Venus | WikipediaVenus phosphine find: Unexplained gas hints at potential for alien life | CnetAnalysis of the characteristics of phosphine production by anaerobic digestion based on microbial community dynamics, metabolic pathways, and isolation of the phosphate-reducing strain by Fan, Niu, Zhang, Et al. | Science DirectPhosphine | Encyclopedia BritannicaLife on Venus claim faces strongest challenge yet | NaturePhosphine gas in the cloud decks of Venus by Greaves, J.S., Richards, A.M.S., Bains, W. et al. | Nature AstronomyRe-analysis of the 267 GHz ALMA observations of Venus by Snellen, Guzman-Ramirez, Et al. | Astronomy and Astrophysics James Webb Space Telescope | NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterAfter Million-Mile Journey, James Webb Telescope Reaches Destination | The New York Times‘Oumuamua | NASAGamma-ray Bursts | NASA Imagine The Universe!Dogon People | WikipediaAncient Aliens (TV Series 2009–) | IMDbLife on Venus? This rocket company is already planning a mission to have a closer look | the_byte

Episode content: 1. Snellen chart 2. Standard pediatric immunization in US 3. Strength training in children 4. Sturge-Weber syndrome 5. SIDS 6. Suspected foreign body ingestion 7. Timeline of infant nutrition 8. Transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy 9. Transient tachypnea of newborn 10. Type II osteogenesis imperfecta 11. Types of plagiocephaly 12. UTI in children and infants 13. Vascular ring 14. VZV reactivation --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/zusmle/message

Daniëlle Snellen is plaatsvervangend sectorhoofd bij het Planbureau voor de Leefomgeving. Vanuit haar expertise ziet ze dat ICT de mobiliteit veranderd. Op welke manieren beïnvloedt ICT mobiliteit? Er zijn veel beleidsuitdagingen, de overheid gaat daar mee aan de slag, maar wat merkt de gewone mobilist daar nou van? Welke trends en ontwikkelingen moeten we in de gaten houden?

This episode looks at attracting youngsters into shipping with an apprenticeship focused on autonomy and unmanned ships and how technology can be the eyes and ears of a ship officer on the bridge (as a proposed electornic lookout function).WithGordon Meadow, CEO, SeaBot XREero Lehtovaara, Head of Regulatory Affairs, ABBIndustry updates fromNick Chubb, Founder, ThetiusHostCraig Eason, Fathom.WorldFull transcript belowCraig Eason Hello and welcome to the Aronnax Show. This is a podcast looking at the shipping and maritime space. I’m Craig Eason, and I own and edit the Fathom World news site focused on the changing aspects of our industry.I’ll tell you something about myself quickly. I’m an ex-seafarer. I worked as a navigation and deck officer, deep sea on the bridge of many different ship’s and it was a career I was and still am proud of, even if I did not do what so many of my fellow apprenticeship friends did at the time and go on to become master mariners. I chose to go into journalism instead.Over the years the role of the mariner has changed. You can see many articles on Fathom World and find episodes of the Aronnax Show about this transformation as new levels of connectivity and technology have developed. Society itself is trying to tackle this change too, and we have a range of discussions in many corners of many of our industries about autonomy, autonomous systems and so on.Now, I’ve quite often railed against those headlines that state that fleets of ghost robot ships are coming. These are sensationalist headlines. Reality has never got in the way of a good headline.But having said that, the way technology is going and with the discussions at the International Maritime Organization on which regulations prohibit their appearance, we know that something is changing. What is happening though is technology is creating a new dynamic onboard vessel, and yes, they may coalesce into increased autonomy, and even unmanned ships in some corners in the future. But today on this episode of the Aronnax Show I want to look at two things that are happening that are more immediate next steps.Two things are happening on a regulatory front now that I think make a big difference. The first is a pair of submissions that are going into the regulatory body the International Maritime organization that is asking it to consider the idea of an electronic lookout function, something that those supporting the idea believe is a required part of having periodically unmanned ship bridges. And the word ‘periodically’ is important here.The proposal has a lot to do with all round video cameras and elephant ears on a ship. More on that later (Pause)Now, my cadetship was in the 1980’s It involved learning morse code, and how to use Decca and even Loran-C. I remember sat in a former world war military bunker style building in Plymouth England looking at the swirling green radar screens and a Decca chart with its multicoloured tramlines. And yes, the sextant. That’s all history or nearly all, history.Today’s apprentice in the UK still must learn about seafaring and some of the skills of electronic navigation.But it’s getting even more complicated, and now there’s the growing awareness of autonomy. So how do we get kids to leave school and join an industry which on the one hand has been an unpopular choice in recent years, but has the potential to be so so different.In the UK, a group has come together to look at how an apprenticeship can be developed that caters for this. It’s looking at the development of a new type of apprenticeship bearing in mind the increased amount of autonomy that is appearing in civilian and naval craft. That’s not just autonomy on the ship for onboard crew, but also for remote operations. The group was announced last month and consists of the UK’s Royal Navy, the geo-data company Fugru, the UK’s National Oceanography Centre, marine robotics business Ocean Infinity. And it is being chaired by UK advanced training business Seabot XR.Gordon Meadow, CEO Seabot XR told me about the plans and why it is important:Gordon Meadow, SeaBot XRThe apprenticeship is a response in industry need. Operators want to operate in a responsible way, and they have a workforce that has been built on experience at sea, and they're now being given the opportunity to use autonomous systems and new ways of working. So, there's a gap, and this apprenticeship will look towards identifying that skills gap, mapping those competencies and creating a new workforce with more enhanced skills, but this is simply about training the people who are going to be operating vessels today, not about the future, not about, you know, sort of this kind of fanciful idea that, you know, all ships will be autonomous in the next 10 years. This is this is simply about taking a responsible approach to the migration of the workforce, and the workforce is underpinned by seafaring and STCW qualifications - really that's paramount that experience. Now projecting forward 30 -40-50 years any occupation will change, you know, any occupation will change will you need to have gone to see in 50 years’ time, who knows? Bu for the time being the key migration is of this is the current and existing maritime workforce and that knowledge that neds to come with it - that experiential knowledge.Craig EasonNow autonomous craft that the apprenticeship group are looking at are up to around 24 m in length, but there are plans to go bigger, with Ocean Infinity, one of the apprenticeship development group partners already looking at 70 m vessels This apprenticeship looks at it from an operational point of view from how you control them, how you maintain control, maintenance issues.It's important to realise that this programme to develop an apprenticeship is not about international shipping, that requires, as Meadow says work at the IMO on the seafarer training requirements. Many people agree that these need updating, but it would be an enormous task as any changes need to encompass shipping for today as well as the future, and everywhere in the world.Gordon Meadow, SeaBot XRThis UK apprenticeship isn't, isn't based on developing international standards around the world. This is responding to responsible operators operating their craft in and around UK waters and more broadly. But this will capture the operators’ requirements, which we can then feedback up through the system, for the likes of the maritime and Coastguard agency and say look, actually, these are the competencies we have identified through this group. There's also a top-down approach where the MASSPpeople group was launched - I think two weeks ago now - where to Seabox XR, Fugru and the Maritime & Coastguard Agency are founder members. That group consists of a number of flag states and which will look at the standards required internationally, and try and benchmark those standards, and then share those standards, and create new standards and then create recommendations to go to IMO and say, "Look, this, these are the recommendations, we think that should be added in terms of competencies to STCW". Craig EasonIn my interview with Gordon Meadow, he kept the focus on the people, and the need to ensure it is about skills, not systems, robots and software. In his opinion we all need to challenge a rhetoric that machines are good, and the human is bad. Seafaring skills remains as crucial as ever.But it is about a migration of the workforce, about writing down the new skills that existing seafarers will need.Gordon Meadow, SeaBot XRAnd that's, I guess, that's, that's being looked at, to some extent separately, by the you know, but by Maritime UK, they MNTB and that the Maritime Skills Commission, we’re interested in looking at a particular new developing occupation, which is quite a sexy occupation. I think, you know, I think I have always found it to my amazement, that the, there's this sea blindness, and I think, I think they're really trying to make an effort are really trying to make an effort in the UK to be able to remove this Sea blindness and make the industry more attractive to young people and help them to help them to realize that it's there, and this has huge potential and huge, huge opportunity for careers. I know that one champion, one person showing this is Sarah Kenny, from BMT. She's really trying to shine the light and shine a light on this. So, for me, there is a huge, huge opportunity for young people on this to get into a career that would be, you know, a fascinating career to get into it's a new avenue into maritime, and it's also a new avenue into maritime, which would provide perhaps a similar appetite to get involved in for both men and women. And there's two there's a there's a, there's kind of there's a gender equality issue too, as well. And as well, I think there are other opportunities from other people in other sectors who may not have considered career maritime before such as those, you know, those not perhaps seen as physically able to be able to perform. You know, it's not mandatory to to fit a wheelchair ramp on a ship necessarily, but it will be on a remote operation centre. So, so there are lots of opportunities for new entrants into it. I think, with some of the underlying skill requirements you will need as operations centres move forward. And the complexity of them, it will attract other people in the industry. And will there be jobs? Yes, there are because there's already a massive shortage in the industry of seafarers, as we as we will know. So, will there be jobs going forward? Absolutely. Craig EasonGordon Meadow from Seabot XR on the evolution of the seafarer and a new breed of people who will need to work in operation centres, ones who will not necessarily need to walk on the deck. Now while Meadow says these UK initiatives on training and apprenticeship are focused on the new generation, there is still the existing workforce at sea, those spending months on end on a ship. Those on a bridge watch spend those months with a broken sleep pattern, four-hour bridge watches once every twelve hours, with other duties expected to be completed in the non-watch periods. And this is where the idea of a Bridge Zero function first materialised. Yes it can be seen as a step towards unmanned ships, but it has its initial purpose on welfare and safety.It is the idea that under certain times a bridge can be left unmanned while the vessel is underway. Those conditions would have to be very specific- clear visibility, good weather, zero traffic in the proximity etc. Now to allow that situation to be permitted the International Maritime Organization is being asked to accept technology as a suitable replacement for the eyes and ears of the watch officer or a watchkeeper.The proposal is going to come from the European Union into IMO’s Maritime Safety Committee, but the idea has been developed in Finland.One of the proponents is Eero Lehtovaara, who is head of regulatory affairs at engineering firm ABB.I have spoken to Eero, a former maritime officer and captain, many times of the years as the ideas for autonomy have developed, looking at how digitalization and autonomy can increase safety for those onboard as opposed to the idea of taking people off the ship.It is an important distinction for Eero and helps frame the discussion. Is digitalisation and autonomy about unmanned ships per-se, or about increased safety and welfare for those on the ship? Eero Lehtovaara ABBIf we're starting to, to do something that will even at some level substitute the human, even if it will be for a shorter period of time, we need to be first of all, we need to be sure that we are right that it's actually better. But then we know that that is something we call the social licence to do to to operate. Meaning that you and I, when we see technology, we expect that technology to be way better than what we can do. And there's this kind of expectation, meaning also that on a modern-day cruiser, or car carrier, you could say that you don't have the best visibility straight behind you. There will be an expectation of full coverage of 360 degrees, and continuous scan and so on. We also learned and this is obviously something where we talk about the scientific research that is far outside of our area of competence. I mean, ophthalmologists, who research the eye, and so on, so we used material that we can find on the subject. And then it was quite interesting in the sense that, first of all, if we are focusing the eyes somewhere, we physically tend to lose everything around us. And you can only focus. I mean, if you're focusing somewhere far, then you tend to lose things that are happening close and vice versa, and so on. Also, if you're focusing on a point far ahead, you're not only lose movement and seeing on the periphery, but that you're very early, also starting to lose colours, which was news for me. Meaning that if you have a theoretical situation where you have a ship coming against ahead of you, or you're in a collision course head-to-head, you focus on that ship. That means that you stop seeing things around you. Obviously with machine learning machine machines doing that, you would not have that issue because they would monitor continuously around you.Craig EasonAnd this is where Elephant Ears and the Snellen chart – you know it as that pyramid of letters at the opticians that decrease in size as you read down. For an optician, a person with normal eyesight has an eight on the Snellen scale and a seafarer must pass an eye test and get more than five. Hearing is also tested.Now hearing is one area where the regulations already allow for technology. This is the Elephant Ears. Quite a few ships are built today with totally enclosed bridges, that means the bridge wings are not out in the open air. One of the requirements under international rules is for ships to have specific audio signals (such as in fog) and an officer or watchkeeper in a totally enclosed bridge will be unable to hear those signals. Hence the development of a technology that is basically a microphone outdoors feeding into a speaker or alarm system indoors.Eero Lehtovaara points to this as a first step in how the electronic lookout function would work, as this and the required cameras that would point all around a vessel would be coupled to a system capable of recognition that there is something there and then sounding the alarm.Eero Lehtovaara ABBWe talk about three different levels or stages. What they are calling the DRI - the detection, recognition and identification. And what we presented in the electronic lookout function is really the D part -detection. So, the aim is to detect that there's something else outside than water. Period. In its lowest level that will make an alarm, and someone, a human will come up and then make the recognition and the identification and after that the decisions. I mean, at this stage, I would say that machines are better today at detecting than people are, but people are way better in recognition than the machines are today and able to make conclusions and take that further into decisions and in actions. So, obviously, we see that if you're ever going to have an unmanned ship, they need to be able to do all of these, based on first detection, what is it what it's going to be doing? How is that reflected into col-regs and so on and so on. But at its lowest level, in order to be able to fulfil the requirements of B-0, just detection is enough. If we can detect that there are things there, then we get the alarm, and somebody is coming to the bridge. And then we will be able to make the necessary right decisions thenCraig EasonEero Lehtovaara on the possible way a manned ship could occasionally sail with an electronic lookout function allowing for a bridge or wheelhouse to be unmanned, while the watchkeeper and officer of the watch do other things.While this potential work at the IMO on the electric lookout function may be for a stand-alone alarm system connected to the OOW who remains on standby if an alarm sounds, there is no doubt this function can be connected to other bridge technology. In its simplest form it is a series of high-resolution cameras giving an overlapping 36o degree coverage of a ship potentially as far as the horizon, going forward this can be part of the further digitalisation of a ship to give even greater situational awareness, with the lookout function an integral part of a digital sensing brain also linked to the radar, GPS, electronic displays and charts as well as other systems.There are smaller vessels already doing this, just look at the Mayflower project with an IBM brain inside is.ENDS Support this show http://supporter.acast.com/aronnax. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

The 16:9 PODCAST IS SPONSORED BY SCREENFEED – DIGITAL SIGNAGE CONTENT There was a lot of skepticism and debate in the digital signage community when 4K commercial displays started coming on the market, with industry observers openly wondering if visual messaging applications needed that high level of resolution. Several years later, 4K is perhaps not common, but certainly being used in many projects, and both accepted and supported. And as 4K bedded in, the industry started seeing some of the bigger display manufacturers showing 8K displays at trade shows, and the debate about the demand and the challenges for super high resolution displays started all over again. One of the ways an industry builds awareness, acceptance, support and standards for a new technology is to have working groups or organizations of stakeholders. There's an 8K Association now, and the companies that got it going asked display industry veteran Chis Chinnock to step in and run it. An industry observer, writer, analyst and consultant, Chris has been around displays forever and seen the evolution. He understands what the engineers are going on about, but has the skills to explain it in terms mere mortals can understand. He explained to me where 8K is at on the adoption curve (it's still early) and we get into the implications of 8K on infrastructure. He also explain who will want and use 8K, and why. Subscribe to this podcast: iTunes * Google Play * RSS TRANSCRIPT Hey, Chris. Thanks for joining me. Can you tell me what the 8K Association is all about?  Chris Chinnock: Sure. Thanks for having me on your podcast, appreciate that.  The 8K Association was formed at CES in 2019, so about a little over two years ago, and it was formed with panel makers and TV makers primarily and that's when 8K TVs were starting to come into the market and we had some initial goals which was to promote those 8K TVs, to develop a certification program for those 8K TVs, to begin gathering 8K content for our member use, and to begin education of the professional community, because we're going to need a full 8K ecosystem from content creation, through distribution and display for this to become mainstream. Is this the sort of thing that wouldn’t necessarily just happen organically? Chris Chinnock: It would happen organically. We just wanted to form the organization to try and help facilitate communication and maybe move the ecosystem a little bit faster than it would've done organically. That's all. And is this something that manufacturers do? I think of some of the other certifications and reference designs out there? Chris Chinnock: Oh, yeah and there's tons of these organizations out there with different marketing goals or ecosystem development goals, so we're not reading any new ground here. We're, this is a tried and true kind of approach.  For example, in the 4K transition, the UHD Alliance came up to do a promotion and development of UHD or 4K content, mostly aimed at consumers and then the UHD Forum was originated not long afterwards, which was focused more on trying to educate and develop the 4K ecosystem and the professional community and they developed a bunch of guidelines and whatnot to help broadcasters and filmmakers implement 4K workflows. In many senses, we're following that model and learning from what they did and trying to leverage that going forward.  Yeah. It's an interesting thing. You have lots of people saying, “8K: is that something we're ever really going to need?” “There's no content for our…” blah, blah, blah, blah, blah. These are all the things that were said about 4K and lots of questions as to whether 4K whatever take route at all and it certainly has, is it the same argument or is this a little more nuanced because 8K is like super duper high resolution?  Chris Chinnock: It is the same argument. We had naysayers six, seven years ago for 4K. We've got naysayers for 8K now. Absolutely, it's a different environment now, but there's also a lot of things that are similar to what was happening in 4K six, seven, eight years for sure.  With 8K, you're talking about super high resolution. In the context of digital signage, where would 8K be particularly useful and applicable?  Chris Chinnock: From what I'm gathering, we've actually been poking around in the proAV space, trying to understand what the needs are for 8K, to tell you the truth and what we're learning is the big need is really in distribution and transport. So the canvases are clearly getting bigger and larger in digital signage. An 8K digital signage is not uncommon, I don't think nowadays. But it's not necessarily in a standard 16:9 format. They come in all kinds of aspects, ratios and configurations. But what we're starting to see is, these big canvases, you want to start with a higher resolution source of master file, so that you can have a piece of that 8K master going out to various parts of this display. So if you letterbox it or clip a PC in there, you want to start with a high resolution piece and not have to do upscaling at the display itself, if you can avoid that, because there are some issues with that. So the main argument is interesting, with the 8K Association and the website, you even have on the navigation bar, just straight out, “Why 8K” and I go through things and some of those objections, so to speak are: you can't see the resolution, that the human eye can't even raise, can't even resolve 8K now.  I don't think that's quite accurate, is it?  Chris Chinnock: No, it's not and people make that argument based on simple acuity, that is the Snellen chart and it's literally based on geometry and that is a big part of vision. There's no doubt about that. But human vision's far more complex. There are higher order things going on, they call it hyper acuity, so that allows you to see, for example, the differences between parallel lines and slightly unparalleled lines. It allows you to see stars in the night sky that simple acuity says you can't see and perhaps more importantly, we form images in the brain, the retina and the eye is part of it, but the brain puts those signals together to create an image. So we sometimes and often do fill in details in our brain to create that image of the world.  So if you have an 8K image versus a 4K image, it has less artifacts, it has more texture and detail. So it creates a higher sense of realism. It's subtle and the hyper acuity may say you can't see that difference, but all these other factors reinforce that it's more real, it's more present. Do you have to be within a certain kind of viewing cone or proximity in order to appreciate that difference between 4K and 8K?  Chris Chinnock: Yeah, certainly the closer you sit, you will see more detail and sharpness and texture, and that's for sure, because that's part of the simple acuity part. But also remember, we're talking HDR signals for the most part with 8K content now. So it's high dynamic range, it's white color gamut. All these things make a big difference.  Yeah, if you're using high dynamic range, then you can see an incredible amount of detail that isn't otherwise revealed.  Chris Chinnock: Exactly.  From your point of view, are there certain kinds of applications for signage that make more sense than others? Like from my point of view if it's at a museum or something where you're going to get people who are going to be walking up close, that's when it starts to make some sense.  I just don't know that anybody's ever going to need a 8K digital menu board in a QSR.  Chris Chinnock: I agree with that, absolutely and museums are one perfect example. I know I've seen in some trade show demonstrations, they'll have an artifact that can be either a video capture, a 3D video capture of an artifact, or it could be a very high resolution computer generated image.  But now you can go up to the screen, you can really look at this artifact. You can zoom in on it. You can rotate it and you don't see any discrepancies in that image. You've got lots and lots of resolution to play with here, so it's much closer to lifelike  In terms of math, what's the difference? And I hope I'm not putting you on the spot here, but just generally the difference between a full HD file and an 8K file, in terms of size and what are the implications in terms of the equipment, graphics cards and everything you need to play it out.  Chris Chinnock: File size is going to depend on the compression that you use. Maybe a better way to look at it is what's the bandwidth you would need, the uncompressed bandwidth you need for various files. So I think full HD is somewhere around three gigabits as I recall. But now if you want to do 8K, I think the highest reasonable level that you want to do is 8K at 60 frames per second, 10 bit and now the difference comes with color subsampling. If it's video, you're going to do four to zero color subsampling, that's about 30 gigabits per second. So ten times full HD, right? If you want to do broadcast quality, that's four to two color sampling. That's 40 gigabits. You want to do four-four,-four for high resolution graphics in proAV, 60 gigabits per second. Woah! Chris Chinnock: Yeah, so here's the problem: it's a distribution challenge, right? So there are solutions out there. If you want to do proAV, you can use HDMI 2.1. You may have to use two connectors if you want to do four-four,-four. That's a real challenge, just to sync those and it's going to be short distance, right? So your player's gotta be right by, probably a standalone 8K display of some sort.  The other side of the coin is IP distribution, right? That's a huge trend in the whole proAV space. So there's a lot of solutions that are out there to do that now. A lot of them are focused on one gigabit networks and that's just not gonna cut it for 8K, right? So we're starting to see, there’s at least two organizations that I know about that are trying to develop some standards in this. One is the Software Defined Video Over Ethernet (SDVOE) and that's focused on using a 10 gigabit network to support it. 10 gigabits is okay if you use some kind of a mezzanine codec, like JPEG XS. That's supposed to be a lossless codec that you can compress up to fifteen to one. So you can get all those signals onto a 10 gigabit network easily with JPEG XS and then the other organizations I'm aware of is the AIMS Alliance organization, and they're developing what's called the IPMX standard. What they're doing is borrowing video over IP standard from the SMT organization from broadcast and that standard is called ST2110 and it has all kinds of high-end features in it for broadcast, including redundant distribution. So you have two Ethernet channels So if one fails the other one's always there. It's got high-end timing and grand master clocks.  We don't need that for proAV for the most part. So the AIMS Alliance is specifically trying to take that broadcast standard, strip out what you don’t need, add in some things that you do need for proAV and develop a new standard. So if I'm somebody who runs a facility operations for a Fortune 500 company and at their main headquarters office campus, the CEO has bought an 8K TV for his home and says, “I love 8K. I want my whole digital signage network converted over to 8Kx8K displays. It can replace the 4K's or the 2Ks that are hanging up on mounts and all that.” What are the infrastructure implications if you want to be moving files around on the wide area network and everything else? I suspect you're thinking about even the cabling, certainly have a lot of the hardware that's moving data around everything else.  Chris Chinnock: Absolutely and that's why you have to have a network that can support this. If your corporate network is based on a one gig ethernet structure, you're going to have to upgrade that. I know some of the new Intel motherboards support both 1 gig and now 2.5 gig ethernet outputs over, I think that's probably over Cat 5 cables and that may be sufficient if you're using a video and can compress that enough to get on a 2.5 gig network. It's pushing it a little bit but it's possible. It, again, depends on the client here, if they're really sensitive to having pixel accurate images or if it just has to look pretty good, I should say really good, but... If you want to go to a 10 gig network or a 5 gig network, these are all much better because you can use less compression. But they come at a cost: all your network switches and maybe the cabling have to be upgraded to support this as well.  Yeah.So like a regular Cat 5 may not support it and then you're pulling hundreds of meters of new cabling?  Chris Chinnock: Potentially. Yeah, absolutely. Or, maybe just go to a fiber network to be future-proofing who knows?  Wow and so I would imagine some new builds are future-proof like crazy, but there would be probably 90% of the built environment out there would probably need to be tweaked in some way, right? Chris Chinnock: Yeah, I think so.  One of the other arguments about 8K is that there's no content available. Is that true? Chris Chinnock: It is true. There is very limited content out there. The interesting part of that is that actually a lot of content is shot on 8K cameras and there are now 12K cameras out there. Black magic design is a 12K camera. So it's being captured in 8K or higher, but it's not being finished in 8K or distributed in 8K yet.  Is that because there's no market for it?  Chris Chinnock: Yeah, partly. You gotta have a certain critical mass of 8K TVs out there before you start streaming to it and I think streaming is going to be the first way that we see 8K content coming to consumers and you need good codecs out there to distribute it too.  NHK has been broadcasting 8K content for over two years now but they're broadcasting at 80 to a 100 megabits per second with high compression ratios, and that's just too high. Netflix is 15 to maybe 25 megabits per second, that's where most of the streamers are coming in right now for 4K content. That's where you need to get, maybe you could start at 40 or 50 for a premium 8K streaming service, but you quickly got to get down to that 25 area, I think in my opinion. Is there a likelihood that there will be more content produced that is in the right format? What changes that? Chris Chinnock: Yeah, I think again, you need that critical mass of TVs out there. You need a cost-effective distribution system and when that arrives, especially with these new codecs that are coming like VDC, I think you'll see major streamers jumping in with an 8K service. Another argument is that production costs are also high. Is that primarily the costs of cameras that are like Black Magic Design and RED cameras that can shoot in that? Or, are there a whole bunch of things? Chris Chinnock: Yeah, there's a bunch of things there and those were exactly the same arguments for 4K adoption, six, seven years ago. It's more memory, it's more bandwidth. The camera costs are a little bit higher. The storage costs are a little bit higher. That's all true but I think we're also in a very different era now. So with this pandemic, we've seen a big acceleration of production workflows to the cloud. There's no doubt about that, with all the remote production that had to go on. We're also, I think, going to see an evolution of that. So more and more production will go to the cloud and I think that actually favors 8K production as well, because what we're seeing and a company, FrameIO just demonstrating this, they have a camera to cloud service now. So you can be on set shooting with 8K cameras and as soon as you finish that take, it goes right up to the cloud. The original camera files are in the cloud and then from the cloud, you can do proxy editing proxy color grading. You can do everything and have dailies right back on the set the next morning. This is going to revolutionize, I think, the way movies and TV shows are produced,  When you’re talking about compression. I think in terms of compression somewhat clobbering the file, does it have any noticeable impact on quality as opposed to the native file?  Chris Chinnock: Sure and that just depends on the compression ratio. JPEG XS up to 15:1, that's supposed to be a lossless thing. So visually lossless, if you're at that kind of compression ratio, but if you get into a distribution, that's called a Mezzanine Kodak. If you get into a distribution Kodak, one goes to consumers, Amazon or Netflix is using, HEVC and is going to be hundreds to one in compression and so you can potentially see our artifacts that way.  Especially now, when you put us on a very large screen, that's tens of meters wide, you'll definitely see things on that size screen that you wouldn't see on an 80-inch screen. Is 8K best suited for flat panel displays as opposed to LED?  Chris Chinnock: Not necessarily. With LED again, because it's a bigger screen, it's less forgiving, because any artifact is just more visible.  What about the timelines on all this? You mentioned how six, seven years ago that the fuss that was out there was around 4K and nobody's ever going to use it or anything else… What do you see are the timelines to a time when 8K is a shoulder shrug?  Chris Chinnock: Well, there's a graphic that we one of the market research companies put together that showed that the resolution transitions and now we're talking about displays here. So when a display of a new resolution was introduced to the time it was selling at 50% of retail sales. So SD to Full HD, Full HD to 4K, and now 4K to 8K, that cycle is seven years and consistently seven years. So you could argue that we're a year, maybe two years into the 8K cycle at this point. The pandemic probably added a year to that. So if in seven years 50% of sales are now 8K TVs, we saw how fast 4K TVs were adopted and how fast 4K streaming came onboard.  Will history repeat? Probably.  Is this primarily a consumer driven product or do you envision a lot of commercial adoption of 8K displays?  Chris Chinnock: I think the push today and certainly the focus of the 8K Association has been on consumer entertainment, production and the entertainment production value chain. But as we have already discussed, there are clear needs in the proAV space here as well, particularly for all these larger canvases for rental and staging, for corporate environments, for pop-up events. We talked about museums, there's medical imaging that's an important area as well, that's coming on board.  How about 8K VR? That's starting to happen as well. So there are a range of different applications here, including broadcast as well. It's happening in broadcast too. So yeah, it's happening in a lot of different areas, even security cameras. There's 8K security cameras now.  Is some of that just a function of end users and integrators and everybody else wanting to have the latest and greatest and say, “We're doing 8K, we're doing AI, we're doing machine learning.”? Or, they're just jumping on the latest?  Chris Chinnock: Yeah, and I think, that's what companies do, and they always have to make the next product a little bit better than the previous one. So 8K is a natural next step and I'm glad you brought up this idea of AI as well, because that's also very different from where we were during the 4K transition.  Upscaling in the 8K TV, AI based or machine learning based and neural network based now is a  completely different technology from when we had upscaling and 4K TVs. AI is being used in the encoding space as well to help reduce those bit rates and do seen optimized encoding now. So we're just at the very beginning of this AI capability and the cloud capability. So the combination of these I think is going to be very powerful. If you're using display technology that has AI based upscaling and it's that good, do you really even need to produce at native 8K or are you in a lot of situations and are going to be just fine with 4K upscaled?  Chris Chinnock: Yeah, today that's a very acceptable solution. In fact, it has to be the solution because that's what we have out there. But one of the scenarios that we're trying to standardize in the 8K Association is, we don't really have a good name for this yet, let's call it Smart Streaming just for purposes. But the idea here is that you encourage those 8K camera original files to now be mastered in 8K, so you create a naked finished movie or piece of content.  You now smartly downscale that to 4K with some metadata about how you did that. You now use conventional encoding techniques, HEVC, or AV1 to distribute that content the way streamers are doing that now and if you have an 8K TV, you can now read this metadata smartly, upscale that back to 8K and theoretically, that gets pretty close to a native 8K distribution scheme in terms of image quality. If we're talking about four to five to six years before 8K is really settled in, companies that are thinking right now about a refresh of their display technology and the supporting infrastructure for the digital signage network they're running across whatever environment it may be in, do they need to be future-proof now?  Or they're fine with what they have at the moment and they can just have in their heads that the next refresh cycle, we'll be looking at 8K? Chris Chinnock: I think it depends on the number of pixels they want to put up there. If it's a big canvas with a fairly tight pixel pitch, which means it's a lot of pixels then absolutely, I would be thinking of a higher network structure for that. If it's a smaller display with a bigger pixel pitch, then maybe you don't necessarily need it.  And we're talking 8K, but I have seen the stories for 12K and I believe even 16K. Are those things that will exist beyond labs?  Chris Chinnock: I would not underestimate that capability, yes. I believe that will probably happen and we'll go through this whole cycle again. “No one could see it. We don't need it. It's too expensive.”  I read something saying 16K is pretty much perfection, that's like 20/20 equivalent, perfect eyesight. You're seeing everything!  Chris Chinnock: That depends on the screen size.  Ah, okay. This is all over my head.  Chris, how did you get involved with the association?  Chris Chinnock: I was actually asked by the TV manufacturers to help form it. So I said, yes.  And is this a full-time gig or among the many things you do?  Chris Chinnock: No, it's one of several things that I do, yeah.  Just for the listeners, what kind of work do you do?  Chris Chinnock: I've been in the display industry for close to a thousand years now. (Laughter) I've done all kinds of things. We published newsletters for quite a while. We did market research reports, consulting services. I've run a bunch of events on this. I do white papers for clients, et cetera, et cetera. So my focus has always been on the cutting edge of display related technology. So 8K is one of them.  I'm also very active in the light field and holographic displays, AR and VR are key areas for me and micro-LED and mini-LED is also an exciting technology for me as well.  Yeah, and the fun thing is everything you're looking at is ever evolving and always interesting. Chris Chinnock: That's why this job is fun. I learn something every day, right?  Yeah. That's the same with me. People ask me, I'm in my early sixties now and people are asking me, “Are you thinking of winding down?” And I say, not really because the stuff I work on is interesting and I follow the stuff that's emerging and that's always fun. Chris Chinnock: Exactly. I'm with you.  All right, Chris, I appreciate you taking some time with me.  Chris Chinnock: I appreciate the time. Thanks, Dave.  

Čuli ste za otkriće fosfina u Venerinoj atmosferi? Objavljeno je u časopisu Nature Astronomy 14. septembra 2020. godine. Gas fosfin, PH3, obično u atmosferama reaguje jako brzo i efikasno sa kiseonikom i gradi fosforastu kiselinu, H3PO3. Odreaguje i nema ga više kao takvog! Zato, kada ga otkrijete u atmosferi neke planete, to je jedan jako interesantan indikator da na toj planeti možda ima neke vrste života. Naravno, ovo otkriće je zbog toga odjeknulo u svim medijima, pa i dnevnoj štampi. MEĐUTIM... ubrzo nakon toga, ispostavilo se da ima nekih manjkavosti u ovom radu, i objavljeno je još par radova koji su pokazali da ekipa koja je objavila ovaj rad u Nature Astronomy magazinu ipak nije bila u pravu.Ova interesantne reakcije, ako i originalan rad, tema su ove epizode. Gost emisije je bio Igor Smolić iz Scientific Computing Laboratorija Instituta za fiziku Beograd. Radove koje pominjemo u emisiji, ako želite da ih pogledate/pročitate, možete naći na ovim linkovima: Greaves et al: Phosphine gas in the cloud decks of Venus (Nature Astronomy, 14 September 2020)Mogul et al: Is Phosphine in the Mass Spectra from Venus' Clouds? (arXiv, submitted to Nature, 27 September 2020)Encrenaz et al: A stringent upper limit of the PH3 abundance at the cloud top of Venus (Astronomy & Astrophysics, 14 October 2020) Snellen et al: Re-analysis of the 267-GHz ALMA observations of Venus: No statistically significant detection of phosphine (arXiv, submitted to Astronomy&Astrophysics, 19 October 2020)Ukoliko naš rad želite da podržavate iznosom koji sami određujete na mesečnom nivou, to možete učiniti ovde: https://www.patreon.com/radiogalaksija. Hvala!Support the show (http://patreon.com/radiogalaksija)

This episode of Psych Matters is the second of three looking at perinatal mental illness. In this episode, Professor Anne Buist is joined by Professor Megan Galbally, Dr Adaobi Udechuku and Dr Rebecca Hill to discuss the latest research on perinatal mental illness and management challenges including medication for pregnant and lactating women.References:Burger, H;  Verbeek, T; Aris-Meijer, J et al. 2019 Effects of psychological treatment of mental health problems in pregnancy women to protect their offspring: randomised controlled trial. British Journal of Psychiatry  Galbally, M; Snellen, M (2020) Providing the Evidence for Managing Depression In Pregnancy. Pediatrics Galbally, M; Crabb, C;  Snellen, M. (2018) Designing research that can untangle the effects in pregnancy of pharmacological treatments for mental disorders. Lancet Psychiatry Galbally, M; Frayne, J; Watson, S; Snellen, M. (2018) Psychopharmacological Prescribing Practices in Pregnancy for Women with Severe Mental Illness: a multicentre study. European Journal of NeuropsychopharmacologyGalbally, M; Watson, S; Boyce, P; Nguyen, T; Lewis, A. (2020) The mother, the infant and the mother infant relationship: What is the impact of antidepressant medication in pregnancy. Journal of Affective Disorders Matthey, S. 2009 Are we overpathologising motherhood? Journal of Affective Disorders  Singal, S; Chateau, Struck, S et al. 2020 In Utero Antidepressants and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Kindergarteners. Pediatrics  Disclaimer: This podcast is provided to you for information purposes only and to provide a broad public understanding of various mental health topics.  The podcast may represent the views of the author and not necessarily the views of The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists ('RANZCP'). The podcast is not to be relied upon as medical advice, or as a substitute for medical advice, does not establish a doctor-patient relationship and should not be a substitute for individual clinical judgement.  By accessing The RANZCP's podcasts you also agree to the full terms and conditions of the RANZCP's Website. Expert mental health information and finding a psychiatrist in Australian or New Zealand is available on the RANZCP's Your Health In Mind Website.

This week we ask whether Allen should open his factory sealed Empire Strikes Back VHS tape so he can digitize it. We also breakout sales of the top 10 selling discs by format, Finally we make a case for not buying an 8K TV just yet. We also read your emails and take a look at the news on an action packed episode!! Question of the Day Question of the day comes from Allen -   I have an original VHS copy of Empire Strikes Back, it is still shrink-wrapped.  Is it worth opening to digitize and add to my @plex server?   Ara's answer - Yes! Preserve it before its unwatchable. What say all of you? I found an unopened 1990's original on eBay for $22 shipped. Lee Overstreet - As someone who does a lot of analog digitization, I'd say only bother if you have the right equipment and know what you're doing to get the most out of it.  i.e.: High end preferably S-VHS VCR, TBC, lossless capture codec, chroma/luma adjust, etc.  No cheap composite doohickeys. Bill S - Since it's a VHS it would be the original before all the enhancements. I'd go with digitizing it before the tape degrades. Graham Cole - eBay it Scott Foseen - No,  shrink wrapped it is worth more as a collector's item.  If you want it on plex buy a new disk instead DJ from the Brightside HT Podcast - I would keep that on display until the day I die.  As far as I'm concerned it's priceless and isn't worth anything because I'd never sell it. It has to be pretty rare and some thing that unique is a pretty cool item to have.  Congratulations! Top 10 Sellers for Week Ended 8-1-20 Broken out by Format Source - NPD VideoScan First Alert (based on unit sales from reporting retailers) Note - In the original numbers, NPD VideoScan considered UHD a Blu-ray version and added it  to the Bluray Share for each title. We subtracted the UHD share from the NPD VideoScan Bluray numbers in the table below Title UHD BR DVD 10) The Secret Life of Pets 0.1% 1.9% 97.9% 9) NCIS (S7) 0 0 100 8) Jurassic World 0 7 93 7) Top Gun 8 25 67 6) Jaws 13 5 82 5) Capone 0 44 56 4) The Mule 0.4 7.6 92 3) Sonic the Hedgehog 9 41 50 2) Trolls World Tour 6 45 49 1) Scoob! 5 38 57 Full list of 20 here… Do You need 8K? Spoiler Alert… the answer is No! Pixel Counts for HDTV Formats 720p 1,280x720 921,600 1080p 1,920x1,080 2,073,600 4K 3,840x2,160 8,294,400 8K 7,680x4,320 33,177,600 Viewing Distances where Resolution is Noticeable So does resolution matter for your viewing distance? For this discussion we will look at a screen size of 75 inches and how resolution impacts the viewing experience. This is information from Carlton Bale and based on the resolving ability of the human eye. He states:  A person with 20/20 vision can resolve 60 pixels per degree, which corresponds to recognizing the letter “E” on the 20/20 line of a Snellen eye chart from 20 feet away. He created a chart showing, for any given screen size, how close you need to sit to be able to detect some or all of the benefits of a higher resolution screen.  We link to his entire analysis here (Screen Size vs. Viewing Distance vs. Resolution).  His analysis does not cover 8K but you will be able to draw your conclusions from looking at his work anyway.  At 22 feet (6.7M) 480p=720p=1080p=4K At 15 feet (4.5M) you can tell that 480p is lower quality but 720p=1080p=4K At 10 feet (3.0M) you can tell that both 480p and 720p are lower quality but 1080p=4K At 5 feet  (1.5M) you can tell that 480p, 720p, and 1080p are lower quality Who sits this close to a 75 inch TV? Most people sit anywhere from 10 to 15 feet from their TVs. Many sit farther. Ara's media room is 13.5 feet (4M) from his 90 inch screen. According to Bale Ara can't see the difference in resolution between 1080p and 4K. As it turns out Ara would need a screen size greater than 140 inches to see any benefit from resolution. Of course newer TVs with higher resolutions usually come with other enhancements like HDR, better color, and contrast. Although a 720p TV is good enough resolution for many, these TVs do not have the better and more important feature enhancements of wide color and HDR making the image look far worse.  Someday all you will be able to buy are 8K TVs. Will that alone have any perceived improvement on your viewing experience? Most likely not. However, there will probably be other improvements that will make buying an 8K TV worth it. But that's not the case today. Save your money and buy a high quality 4K TV and understand that 4K is not the most important feature of your TV.  Of course there is the issue with finding 8K content. Is there any? Will the studios start filming in 8K? There is definitely some 8K content out there but as we said earlier. It doesn't matter to the human eye. Possible uses for 8K TVS Large Video Wall that can display multiple 1080P or 4K screens simultaneously A huge computer screen I got nothing else!  

In this episode, Amanda White, director of institutional content, Conexus Financial, chats with Andre Snellen, chair of the Pensioenfonds Detailhandel in the Netherlands about what Australia can learn from other systems around the world.

Dr. Amesh Adalja, Senior Scholar at the Johns Hopkins University Center for Health Security, explains how today’s unprecedented closures can help save lives from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Plus: learn how birds avoid spreading fake news and how astronomers are using auroras to find distant exoplanets.  Birds alter the spread of information based on its trustworthiness by Kelsey Donk University of Montana researchers study how birds retweet news. (2020). EurekAlert! https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2020-02/tuom-uom021420.php  Carlson, N. V., Greene, E., & Templeton, C. N. (2020). Nuthatches vary their alarm calls based upon the source of the eavesdropped signals. Nature Communications, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-14414-w  Astronomers are finding distant exoplanets by looking for auroras in their home stars by Grant Currin Vedantham, H. K., Callingham, J. R., Shimwell, T. W., Tasse, C., Pope, B. J. S., Bedell, M., Snellen, I., Best, P., Hardcastle, M. J., Haverkorn, M., Mechev, A., O’Sullivan, S. P., Röttgering, H. J. A., & White, G. J. (2020). Coherent radio emission from a quiescent red dwarf indicative of star–planet interaction. Nature Astronomy. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-020-1011-9  New Exoplanet Search Strategy Claims First Discovery | Quanta Magazine. (2020). Quanta Magazine. https://www.quantamagazine.org/new-exoplanet-search-strategy-claims-first-discovery-20200218/  Additional resources recommended by Dr. Amesh Adalja: Official website http://www.trackingzebra.com/ Follow @AmeshAA on Twitter https://twitter.com/AmeshAA Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 information https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html STAT https://www.statnews.com/  Subscribe to Curiosity Daily to learn something new every day with Cody Gough and Ashley Hamer. You can also listen to our podcast as part of your Alexa Flash Briefing; Amazon smart speakers users, click/tap “enable” here: https://curiosity.im/podcast-flash-briefing

20/20 vision is a term used to express normal visual acuity (the clarity or sharpness of vision) measured at a distance of 20 feet. They also are called Snellen fractions, named after Herman Snellen, the Dutch ophthalmologist who developed this eyesight measurement system in 1862. 20/20 vision indicates the sharpness or clarity of vision at a distance. In this message I want to show how you can have 20/20 spiritual vision. How you can have clarity and sharpness of spiritual vision. Without doubt vision is one of the most valuable gifts you have. Helen Keller who was blind once said: “The only thing worse than being blind is having sight but no vision.” We will discover how to avoid spiritual short-sightedness. Short-sighted is being unable to see things clearly unless they are close to the eyes. It's the inability to see things clearly which are far off. It's used metaphorically to describe lacking imagination or foresight such as describing a “short-sighted government.” Mark Twain once said: “You cannot depend on your eyes when your imagination is out of focus.” In this message you will hear one powerful story tomorrow of a man who had his eyes opened and this gave him unbelievable courage and strength to go on an bring major transformation to his culture and nation which had global impacts.

In deze aflevering interviewt Wytze Niezen Remco Pijpers, strategisch adviseur digitale geletterdheid bij Kennisnet en Ronilla Snellen, oprichter en directeur van FutureNL. Gesproken wordt over het digitale geletterdheid: wat is dat eigenlijk, hoe maken we leerlingen digitaal geletterd en wat moet hiervan in het curriculum komen? Remco Pijpers is werkt al enkele jaren bij Kennisnet aan vragen als Hoe maak je leerlingen digitaal geletterd en leid je ze op dit goede digitale burgers? Hij publiceert hierover en is bovendien presentator van de podcasts van Kennisnet. Ronilla Snellen is in 2014 gestart met het CodeUur en in 2017 met stichting FutureNL. Stichting FutureNL gelooft dat het ontwikkelen van de vier digitale vaardigheden computational thinking, ICT- basis vaardigheden, informatievaardigheden en mediawijsheid in het basisonderwijs moet plaatsvinden en zet zich daarom in om basisscholen te helpen bij het digitaal vaardig maken van alle kinderen in Nederland. Je vind het Handboek Digitale Geletterdheid hier: https://www.kennisnet.nl/publicaties/werken-aan-digitale-geletterdheid-van-visie-naar-praktijk/. De digidoeners van FutureNL vind je hier: https://futurenl.org/digi-doener/ Wytze Niezen vind je bij Stichting NOB (https://www.stichtingnob.nl/Over-NOB/Organisatie/Wytze-Niezen) Wim Pelgrim vind je op zijn eigen site (www.wimpelgrim.nl). Wil je reageren? Ga dan naar Twitter (http://twitter.com/onderwijscast), Instagram (http://instagram.com/onderwijspodcast), Facebook (https://www.facebook.com/groups/2199997356720348/) of LinkedIn (https://www.linkedin.com/groups/8805729/) Deze podcast wordt mogelijk gemaakt door www.pictio.nl

James Carroll serves as the CEO and an expert & ambassador of photobiomodulation (PBM) the world over. Why is this well researched and safe & proven method to decrease inflammation and shorten healing time not better known? James explains his association with Harvard medical school and how he is training the world's newest health care practitioners how to better care for their patients non-invasively. Applications for pain, athletic injuries, CTE, PTSD, dental procedures (James discusses his tooth extraction with no numbing agent!), macular degeneration, wound healing, sciatic pain, analgesic applications and more... PBM has successfully helped patients in over 70 countries, and features LED as well as laser healthcare technology. Learn where you can locate a PBM THOR health care practitioner close to you!https://thorlaser.comhttps://kbmdhealth.comhttps://gutcheckproject.comAll right it is time for the gadget project here with your host Dr. Kenneth Brown nine Eric Rieger this is episode number five episode number five is a big one because now we have another episode we can be found on over to submit iTunes and the other a platform it's where everybody has to start somewhere you gotta start somewhere and I think that we got a pretty good start we got some pretty incredible gas that is no joke I mean the feedback fortunately and thanks to everyone who's been watching and listening and sharing sharing obviously helps us spread the platform but certainly appreciate it also big shout out to the other spoony host Chef Patrick the cowboy chuckwagon I mean everybody else who's been kicking and for helping spread the word even the partners and our sister station across the road mojo mojo 5.0 mojo 5.0 absolutely we got to show some love this is exciting everybody try to get this station this digital station off the ground chef Patrick is he is living it and you don't today in the booth being our producer again this guy works overtime every day vacation rather everyday vacation every day can be a vacation if you can improve your quality life and that's what this whole show is all about sent yes absolutely I'm so excited about the show we got somebody really cool a great speaker scientist James Carroll of four laser something that I know nothing about something I bet most people know nothing about but I know how that feels when we started looking into bacterial overgrowth see below when nobody else is talking about it people would look at me there confused this is why this show got check radio check your ego at the door any things on the table to learn and world to learn together that's is this is what so excited about today show and is no joke so for everyone else who's who's joining today and one thank you number two at James Carol's complete different this is someone is going introduce something that really to me it was introduced to me by my by my wife she was the one he said have you ever heard of photo by modulation and I looked at her and I said no I haven't but really because of the mindset of a living doing a KB in the healthfully done even before it KBS research without trying to heal on and on we've always wanted to remain open if you have something show me how works to little bit about it and as I began to learn a lot more about photo by modulation indoor laser it was more than impressive it is kind of just captivated me yeah those of us in the industry Eric called PBM so so when you brought it up to me we are actually working and you like yeah hey my wife's got this new photo bio modulation laser at her health clinic correct and in his eye, what that is and we started looking we had little break in patients and I went holy cow there is some serious data on this it's and it's it's it's date it's not just something new later then edit a while yeah it's one of those things I like wait a minute if this is true let's find the guy who owns this company and you did and goodness he he travels all the time this is insane so his time is very valuable so this is going to be an incredible episode just so you know we are in episode five and we have an international guest James Carroll hails from London that's right I was just talking to only spend 10 days in the UK were his home is 10 days in the United States within 10 days traveling the world that is a tough life you are charged a Patrick I was impressed how well he speaks English from out of the country and out, wild, wild I'm you know what I'm really looking forward to that British sense of humor all of it yeah I mean it's it's just like it is here in Texas they speak of guess I do want to bring this up when I went to clinic and people at her show with Mark Lisa Hatch feedback patients that have overcome cancer patients that love the idea that he overcame cancer and then gave back that story was pretty incredible and I want to thank Embry for listening and if you didn't listen to it go back and check it out because it is a story of accomplishment story of survival and he did a great job telling he really did do a good job telling on top of that we received well several email not just in terms of no thanks for having Mark on but we got share a couple with them with those with you yesterday and it was that I've overcome cancer and I'm trying to find new things to do to get back I'm suffering from cancer currently and hearing someone like Mark gave me hope we had some others who just were simply how do I get involved with Raquel's wings for life which is exactly what Mark's charity isn't and they they take people just to recap a take people from one end of taxes and give them opportunities to have safe travel to a large cancer treatment facility such as MD Anderson or up in Tulsa Oklahoma and I were free for free no charge to the cost to the customer to the patient whatsoever and and deliver them safely so they get treatment and not return home as it were the cool things about that as we did talk about the fact that the the pilot as a cancer survivor so the people that he's taking are terrified yet have questions and he could tell them the story hang in there working trying do this and sometimes he would drop people off you wouldn't bring them back and that happens I'm a doctor we see things happen all the time but the right frame of mind the willingness to keep going sometimes you can overcome without question and he does know that he can the great thing about Mark Aziz he's belly working on he soon to become a well-known public speaker that being said he's he's got the anecdotal stories to the make them feel comfortable like a squeaky butt cheeks and if you missed it go back to get check radio.com to be directed to the direct RSS feed on our page were improving all the time but right now you can go back to the episode where Mark was and listen to it or you can check out the YouTube channel spooning radio or get check project will take you exclusively to get your project episodes awesome speaking of improving all the time we always like to start the show something personal we do so last week I think I know I brought up my my children my son Lucas was playing a large tournament called the Easter bolts a national tournament and right after the show it was broadcast live and we were able to watch it as a group it was really cool to watch my son the inner getting second in singles very impressive big tournament and actually got gold in double source no really proud of them for that then he went immediately there he's been playing in this IETF now why is that relevant because I'm a single dad this holy cow it's hard all props to any single parent out there that tries to work and still managed to pick up the kids get into the things it is kicking my ass oh my gosh it's hard trying to work in be there at the right time and everything in the so props to everyone that's out there is a single parent or even temporary if your children are often doing stuff but it is I have a holy respect for that holy respect I know that whenever I travel and I do it without without Marie and I come back home the first thing you should do is make certain that they get an opportunity to relax because they've been hard at it making your travel possible and if you just want peace and householders make sensitive to the one advantage of that is that we do just a little time in the last week we did talk about Lucas playing tennis and also Carla doing enter theater class the improv rivals the rules of improv/that were having dinner were talk about that knows I hate any other improv rules I need to know about and she said will there's I think is rule number eight there are no mistakes happy accidents and opportunities Mike Barbara L had little tree happy little trees so happy accident so that's what this shows you to be about we never screw up we just have happy accidents or opportunity opportunities and then one of the opportunities that I've never done with my daughter which is I watched a college basketball game for the first time with her I'm not much of a basketball fan trip to let me tell you what this team locally Texas Tac I think you got some ties to it a part of you got me watching it now absolutely and of course you get inoculated and watching college ball that said that the team to watch right now their head and into the final for this coming weekend that my families popped both of my boys play competitive basketball in high school gauge Mac are both super excited and they match up but hopefully well Michigan State first and if they win that then our friend from last week is going to take us to the final game that'll be fun marks can fly you to the final game Mark said he would take us to the final game if that is not incentive to have Texas Tech went right there on coach Beard unit he made that that is awesome that is good be so cool the whole family Julio whole families can ago so that it'll be really enjoyable but regardless of how to play super proud what an incredible coach pulling together some great kids to accomplish what they did first off over the school so there really excited and the other three teams in the determiner are pretty solid also so is somebody that that doesn't follow possible that much but you're talking about this the really neat thing that the announcers on top of the defense try to explain really quickly why their defense is doing so well a lot of times I believe the way I understand it is basketball teams in college is simply play better defense than they do in the NBA but even more to the point the way that I think that Coach Beard and his assistant Mark added to design the defenses they really really force outside shots to protect the middle if I think you made the comment I saw every time Eric that is they moved into the center suddenly they everyone collapsed around them not only could they not make a way to to the glass to an easy layup very difficult for them to distribute the ball once they get trapped in there so yeah someone may be really good firing from outside and you know that's kind of the risk that you take by not guarding the perimeter really really tight but you come inside the three-point arch and the further you make your way towards a rim is going to be more than one defender, blocking your path so it sets kind of the can of Ashoka defense of the kind perfected super exciting I was reading something about how the ticket sales for this staff are just massive like Texas is going in mass what some people may already know and some people may not know it all there is large the state's taxes is there hasn't ever been a national champion from Texas except for Texas Western now known as UTEP and that was what the movie glory Road was made about the first team to field five black starters and they took on Kentucky and beat them and so that's that was when one was a 19 six minute mess up the ethics 19 6364 maybe 68 are not really sure and I does coach Don Haskins and I'm off on the year but it was deafening 60s yet minor in basketball history didn't do it Texas Tech dad and just really other random useless information makes me no money so well the last couple shows we were somehow ended up doing movie quotes was no way I can quote anything from that movie is legal right thank you to stop and said she would have failed in the right there my extent of low baffle loses Hoosiers so pretty good Jean Hackman's pretty solid mood and feel good is true or not but it's fine so speaking of feel-good what we also like to do is I was trying find some article medical article that we can summarize here that happened this week that would be pertinent to something that were to be doing sure and this week I found a really cool article this is the one it is about muscle and intestinal damage and those who perform athletic events 100% so you what I've talked about this and we have discussed this in different lectures that I see a ton of endurance athletes triathlete really high level translates to come in with intestinal issues and I have to explain to them different reasons why that can actually happen but I just see so many of them and then when we fix their gut they end up getting like some of their personal best right and this article came out it's the first one that I've ever seen good actually looked at biomarkers in blood as to how this could actually happen so what's direct you look so I looked at is the levels of how blood levels of inflammation and intestinal inflammation are produced and the effects on the body when these elite triathletes compete really interesting now it is so whenever you look at a blood effects and and the way that an athlete is going to be measured how did they check the intervals and basically what did that data mean to to just the average athlete so I do not want to offend any of our lead triathletes out there but this is this is fascinating because we always talk about poor Lisa switches when you stress your body you have to log your body to recuperate correct most of the patients that I see when they have something happened there usually training really hard for something to try to qualify for a big raise or try to qualify for Cohen or one of those things and I've recently seen and I think this is been a trend across the country that a lot of people are starting to do these endurance races triathletes marathons they reach a certain age and that you know people stay in shape that's a way to stay in shape so what this article looked at was the mechanical and metabolic stress from the intense work of muscle cells during long-lasting efforts causing significant damage to the cellular structure why this is relevant this week because James Carol's you come on and talk cellular inflammation without doubt he deftly will with the photo by modulation bulimia and the actual bit so were talking specifically about endurance athletes in this article correct correct and so to me it seems like that may be that you have another glaring aspect is somebody who's dude who's doing an endurance sport Weatherby marathon running her triathlete like you said longest cycling ultra marathoners the guys who tried to to make a run across the country which I think that record is 43 days believe it or not was a force go almost but without a beard this this particular was without a beard but I believe that that the record is 43 days all of those types of events are very impressive and it takes quite the dedication to pull that off that being said would you say that in endurance athlete is more susceptible to probably long-term inflammation and that's maybe why they're using someone in that subset to do a study that is a great lead and because this is exactly what that studies all about okay what they looked at is during long-lasting physical efforts from my standpoint blood flow was redirected from the G.I. system to go to other organs specifically muscles no research has shown that athletes training endurance disciplines are vulnerable to abdominal pain nausea and diarrhea in fact they showed that almost 70% of people when they interviewed during the race or immediately afterwards had some sort of G.I. distress what is fascinating about this article as they check the blood levels of of a the molecule called Zahn you and which is an endogenous protein that actually affects the tight junctions and other words there showing that intestinal permeability takes place otherwise known as leaky gut is the first that have ever seen with her actually looking at this and checking volume levels like I said almost 70% of these endurance athletes will accept some sort of issue it's not just oh it's annoying I didn't have such a good time you could be setting yourself up for something more what they did as they looked at 15 very highly trained triathletes who were competing in the world Xterra championship they checked blood parameters baseline pre-after 12 hours and 40 8/48 hours after testosterone cortisol CRP which is C-reactive protein which is a nonspecific component with markers or lasagna will and myoglobin this is what is completely incredible what they showed is that the cortisol levels at baseline on the average was 152 immediately after like one hour after right 467 it remained elevated for $40 testosterone baseline 4.1 it dropped to 2.50 depleting a test you deplete your testosterone crp went from .12 3.38 that's too high to hide that's tons of information and ultimately Sonia will baseline 25 post almost 90 and so what this show does is incredible because we were out there trying to get in shape and you undo these cool things and really push your body but in reality if you do it all the time you have to achieve that for me since you have to back off let your body recuperate no other studies have shown that the physiologic stress markers like cortisol I have always been shown so we we know that that's that's the deal you and I've talked before that not uncommonly will see somebody in the clinic who's been a lifetime marathon runner and they end up with a heart attack yet like a little zip person of an architecture was it turns out inflammation is back working talk with the photo bio modulation about information but we know that information is bad and we know that information can result in systemic disease now what were looking at here is the study was the first one that looked at people showing the intestinal health we know that leaky gut can lead to autoimmune disease right so it's way more than just inflammatory process you were talking about these ultramarathon runners there was another study that I know said also that I didn't the weeds with the sunlight while they looked at this with other people share so I found a study that looked at race Walkers what they do they do 152 mile walk as fast as you can okay and hundred 52 mile walk they show that the CRP jumped 152 times the dinner jumped hundred 52 times the baseline so we talk about the marathon is getting heart attacks and stuff like that and this is even just like fast walking so we know that all this can lead to intestinal problems so this is a perfect reason why we developed something called trying to definitely deadliest so our trunk seal is composed of feels what we do know is that these polyphenols help prepare your body after you go through some producers like that a recent study to show that if you do the Mediterranean diet for four days before a high but before the endurance event you can but once those responses actually because the polyphenols same ones that are trying to actually go into your body your colonic bacteria break them down in the water proposed biotic it decreases the systemic inflammatory response not only that for sports performance increases nitric oxide and gets rid of reactive nitrogen species and reactive oxygen species so that makes total sense why most of my triathletes when we get them on trying to heal they start feeling better what I want to cram too much to get a bid email with that all 20 oh we also talked about the the occasional issues of Zion yelling and how that's affected the guide as well so it sounds to me like somebody who is a long-term runner if you actually are experiencing inflammation okay let's let's go back that this backup just a step somebody who is a long-term runner overtime Dave Dave they started running probably to get in shape because they enjoy the sport but they sometimes get to a point where there like you know I've been running and I eat okay but I still can't quite lose this last amount of body fat that usually pointed her abdomen visually but save there but inflammation usually turns into a little bit extra abdominal fat and when somebody who is chronically inflamed and feels like they're doing the right things and eating the right things but not noticing that they are actually keeping themselves in the cycle of inflammation it's not necessarily that maybe they need to stop the sport altogether but possibly they could add some things to their diet to their sleep patterns to anything to allow their body to simply recover when you sent oh 100% so one of somebody that I respect tremendously who is actually my chiropractor Dr. Ron Troy Dundas elite triathlete trains other Pro triathletes and he has a podcast and I think their Instagram handles recover with the purpose to cover with a purpose he's out there saying run more and so when I went in I saw him you know his regulation to be will slow down right break like your you're doing that's it's hard to do because I was doing the same thing run like I'm trying to run faster on I like to compete someday and that kind of thing and it was just slow down so as it turns out you think you might be doing things or I believe in exercise but I also have learned as I got older that you can not shortchange sleep never to exercise because all you do is increasing these inflammatory markers and his hormones looks like your boots like your no your basically running uphill the whole time and you're just hurting yourself which SASI note for the current listeners if you are interested in picking up some are trying to heal especially for you ultramarathon is if you want to decrease the inflammation and hopefully you can write to us and tell us about your new PR personal best go to love my tummy.com/spoony use the discount code Spinney and save yourself a little of the money yet for real so this this whole article is all about sports performance and when I said that they looked at the Mediterranean diet it wasn't just the decrease the markers you know that these people actually improve their times all of them had across-the-board of 6% improvement bullets the same what's the thing it's in the Mediterranean diet the youth said is is basically that if that power horse behind 20 oh yeah so if you're listening to this it's really important that we spread the message that if your athlete do this but also by going to love my Tommy.com//spoony your supporting this network your supporting chef Patrick and everybody else is trying really hard to do this and you know this is British and get the message out there like we'll talk about PDM Devlin talk about PBM that is photo bio modulation actually what I was asking you for a while ago and tell you memo said mistakes make opportunities I get to say something the thing that's ubiquitous in the Mediterranean diet is polyphenols and that's what's jampacked in trying to heal so I give a lecture where there is a researcher out of the UK another UK person probably judging his neighbor yet probably is so James's neighbor Dr. Boutwell yes she did a whole analysis of this that if you take a thousand milligrams of polyphenols three hours before competitive event you actually decrease muscular damage and increase nitric oxide increasing blood flow to the muscles how do you get a thousand milligrams you can eat five bowls of cherries which is a lot lot of fructose a lot of fructose or you can take two doses of outfront you definitely admit that Dr. Joe hotel and she's from exit University and was sponsored by believe it was Gatorade labs and it has nothing to Gatorade they simply allowed her to do polyphenol research she came back with some incredible information it Long word Pro anthocyanins Massena correctly pro anthocyanins so that is basically what she said if we could find a way to deliver that in that just so happens to be what John Teal is so you could take four capsules of pro anthocyanins also known as trying to heal and protect yourself I love it holy cow we just I just rambled mostly I apologize for that but I get deep demand thanks for apologizing here all related to love the stuff that's good hey everybody clearly back the next half-hour with an amazing guest always in UK Dr. James Carroll of the laser if you are trying to quit drinking or doing too many drugs listen to me you don't know me and will never meet I had a problem like you want I drank and used a party a little too much till he got out of control and almost ruined my life I realize I needed help to fix my problem before it totally destroyed me if you tried to fix your drinking and drug problem and you know you can't do it alone you need to call the national treatment advisors they'll immerse you into a 30 day program to replace your old habits with new habits and totally change your life and if you have PPO private health insurance the entire program may be covered if your problem right now before it gets any worse get clean call now and learn more 800-296-1252 800-296-1252 800-296-1252 800-296-1252 it looks like you're losing I am I losing weight I am losing my lost about 10 pounds how are you doing it funny name but I done it with review zone RAD use zone.com and the stuff works it's unique it and all that the molecule this and that found in that I can tell you is it it's a it makes you feel full and he keeps your mind off of wanting to overeat and also boost your metabolism as your done and more guys try it today it's gonna work for you like his work for Brad and countless other people read you zone.com are IDUs zone.com FastTrack student loans can get your student loans out of the vault stop any wage garnishments stop collection calls and stop seizure of your tax refund give yourself a break to stop the stress and get your student loan payments down to as little as $25 a month based on what you can afford to pay 800-709-4395 800-709-4395 800-709-4395 800-709-4395 why we are now going to get your host Kenneth Brown MD along with James Carol Boudreaux all the way from London which we didn't know you do where's your microphone is a cool thing and letting it is yeah working I by so we are going to fill some time here but we plug in the microphone while you're there and break I did what we get your microphone ready I found an article same theme photo bio modulation and human muscle tissue and advantage in sports performance wow oh my goodness front seal and photo bio modulation hand-in-hand to improve athletic performance well so I just a small delay while we bring James Carol on with the system or we are getting his microphone plugged in but in the meantime we did leave the last half hour talking about endurance athletes better recovery talked about using polyphenols in order to make that happen and now what we are learning is you can also use other therapies in conjunction with that that would be polyphenol such as an arch on teal we didn't touch on last time but there's also a lot of athletes have turned to CBD and a great CBO is to do the same Morgan Leonard Abilene working at CBD by the little place called the KPMG healthy can also go to KB MD health.com and I go to the store you will find your very own first ever physician approved CBD here and what you know to my right actually is Mr. James Carroll of Thor laser like I said we get Hume spends 10 days in the US after month he's given one of them to us yet definitely appreciate thank you, thank you for having me so back to ask you said you drove all the way from London to the Chitty Chitty Bang Bang United flight conflict drive but didn't take long to get that British sense of humor help develop its out Chitty Chitty Bang Bang entailing took a three second anatomy oh well not like you do it as a reference quite that quickly other asking for your microphone because you're just a bit closer trying to get a very nice well so James also that your history Dr. Carol Mr. Carol Switzer correct I Mr. Carol Mr. Carol okay so one of James James to James you are the founder and CEO after laser so tell us a little bit about your history leading up to the other founding authorities and they will get into what it's all about I Kate content that around and tell you what it is faster than the setting I got you good to have you on IK so foot my modulation is something's been on TV sticky Star Trek and but most science fiction movie seem to do something like this when that when somebody gets injured that Dr. approaches you with a laser beam Ames the laser beam at the injury and the injury heals the tissues regenerate instantly so we make those so Star Trek just came to life right here in the studio so did you produce you made those that they use on the Star Trek set is what you're saying that we brazenly make them hospitals it is not as instant as TV say the ideas still the same thing you shine light on people and they get better more quickly okay sidelined by light you you mean well it's a particular kind of like okay it's not a lie not a flashlight now so it's monochromatic like the light of one, and have lunch of the right collar as we can say wavelength because we do use light outside of the visible spectrum we have a lot to the right wavelength and if it is the right intensity and if we use it for I made in the right place calls for the recommended time you can speed up the quality improve speed and quality of tissue a path to reduce information edema guys down the lymphatic system gets very busy if it is on and with a particular high dose you can induce analgesia that is something we can definitely touch on here a moment because I want to talk well you have a story that you've shared with everyone else and will get that's what what drew you in to say I saw that on Star Trek I see people healing from lasers I want to be a part of it and produce one what I had to tell you how this was discovered because wasn't discovered by me okay so back in the 60s when the first laser was invented I'm working by five at 19 60 x 19 67 a scientist wanted to find out if maybe this new Ray laser Ray it might cause cancer so he wants to do an experiment say takes is some text mice he shaves the heifer abilities he divides into two groups puts a low powered Ruby laser beam among group and not the other see if the treatment group developed cancer and it didn't surprise the hacker back will quickly on the treatment group from then on the untreated group to he called that laser by stimulation it was 1967 but is back in Budapest Hungary so this ishungry was pods of fats of the thing the oncoming behind the uncut controlled by Russia the knees didn't come out very quickly back in the 60s we went great friends of the Russians unlike now where) to send you mojo 5.0 political state, more so they they held every I got involved in 87 I was that part of a business that was helping small businesses get hold of government grounds and that one of our customers with the laser company and I went to a meeting at research Hospital in London good Guy's hospital and that they were showing off what they been doing on small animals with laces and how is heating up wounds will quickly when I saw that I thought but that's the future this going to be one of these in every department of every hospital in the whole world within five years this is can be massive I thought that 1987 it's incredible when I was wrong was I didn't take five years may still not that right so it is now my 52nd year in this field 30's 32 years of trying to get the message out something that you've known that can help people that you have seen help people yet getting Nana so that is being over 700 randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial published in this field the 4000 of archery studies looking at the mechanism of action in the dose response is about setting pipe is coming out every month in this field I get Mike's doctors have never even heard of it there are systematic reviews published in the months it the British medical Journal example some of the leading generals in the world and that lost in the UK on national health nationally suit of healthcare excellence now recommend this treatment in hospitals in the UK for the treatment of the side effects of high-dose chemotherapy and radiotherapy one of the side effects is you lose all the skin is how to mount the developer's ulceration and it's really painful and excited by the love people want to give up that cancer treatments because it's a severe and what we know is that this treatment as demonstrated in faulty randomized controlled clinical trials will basically either prevent over juice the incidence and severity all four mixologists in cancer patients and now it's a recommended treatment in the UK and in the US Blue Cross Blue Shield just started I reimbursing for in some regions for this dream as well that's fantastic that's incredible so when they treat these patients with mucositis do you accept that shine the light in the mouth traditionally yes so the historic to what people been doing is taking a a single red laser beam and poking around the mouth so they treat over that time does tongue lateral boulders ventral tongue floor the mouth it's the buccal tissues of the inside of the cheeks the hot pilot soft palate and treat individual spots that maybe do 20 points to try and reduce incidence and severity when I working on Sunday with hobbit where it developing an extra oral treatment meaning outside the mouth treating through the cheeks to get the buccal tissues to prevent in that method and this is a treatment for children one quick question try to get the word out there is it similar to like what we have to do with our supplement where you really can't make disease claims you can't say disease state or because it is a device are you able to say no we use this for mucositis induced cable or chemotherapy -induced mucositis right so lab is FDA codes for different devices which have been they say what you concise and but you don't realize the FDA regulate marketing that set primary Joey we learn that okay so I'm not I don't about that about the CBD's no idea what the rules are around that that the devices they may sit sable today so we've been whilst I suppose 2030 years ago the FDA will hostile to this is a form of light therapy somebody twisted somebody's, they really relax the definition of a heat lamp they'd even created the new catch. He called the non-heating heating lamp the nonhealing extract layout is the love bureaucrat I skew that Lord you know what like seeing all those hamburgers at McDonald's or like that's a nonhealing heat lamp right there is nothing all those hamburgers room temperature burgers just like that so anyway that there are also countries now with this project from a product to be sold with very limited indications in the broadest one is an Iowa category which is basically based on heat lamp but now you get doesn't have to be infrared you can use visible red and it doesn't actually have to heat either but they've embroiled in this set of really relaxed state in the lousiest technology on and I do you happen to know and I think think it's top-secret that the FDA working to develop effort by modulation code thoughts for a moment it will be a real thing as far as FTS consent already the national Library of medicine the people who run pop made Palmetto I have developed a mesh time a medical subject headings full footed by modulation so as far as mesh elaborate medicines can send this is the real thing at the FDA is going to get that to fall behind and then they'll be out of an official category not quite what you can say about it we don't know yet we don't know what they going to the bone what is approved state that they don't approve most technologies I think of when the trip to people ever exist but within THE product they clear products for marketing that the category as haggis picked expressive so it's FDA cleared for in the case we go with the infrared heat the old heat lamp Bush which is temporal relief of muscle and joint pain and the blood flow and something is equipment of the detail but as long unless is basic to claim pain relief it sounds like that he has somewhat of the same battle that we do whenever we have a supplement that we can Ashley put proof behind the issue is is the way that best interpreted the altruistic version of what the FDA's to do is protect the public from things that could cause them harm so that's that's the that's the version that they want you to stop it I think that there's also an addendum to that and that is if you've run the rigmarole of somehow being blessed as a medical drug or medically approved device then you can make the claims regardless of what your study says as long as it's not hurting someone but even if you have said it's completely natural or something that safe and benign like like light treatment can be they don't necessarily want to extend that same opportunity to you and you almost always at the talk about the symptoms around the disease or or an issue versus saying we help here which is opposite in Canada yet so little in Canada where it was in the we got our NP and number in Pyongyang Danya it was funny because we sent them everything that says on this box which is occasional discomfort on another note what's the disease that you guys fix will like will in Canada we fix irritable bowel syndrome and it's very very different like without telling it what we say in your case with the CE mountain your and you you when you report on the market data is a numb.we have what with the clinical evaluation report and that something examined limu apes make claims about joint pain tendinopathy back and neck pain we do or make scientists right and is very clinical and then you state what range you want they examine you with your data and then let me put on the market with those claims and that's with much more specific we can be much more specific in your we on the use of vague time about temporally the muscle and joint pain and arthritis in whatever however is something along those lines a couple small things are very first heard about Thor laser and photo by modulation of PBM is his skin is Artie made it as a part of his everyday vernacular this is yet it is not PVR yes that's a professional bull riding on tangible rounds blue ribbon but PBM LL LT triple LT photo by modulation Thor laser what is the the best term to succinctly say that because I believe that LLT could also mean the LED underlay search likely yes it had 79 different names of idiots which makes it very hard to pin down sure people keep inventing the rent names possibly because they want to have that product somehow be hot when they really tell me what it is the Google it they get that product so it is been a lot of invention of new times and I do know why some scientists keep wanting to they maybe have some transcranial low level laser therapy and therefore it's true when the truth in the brain then yes it said going through the brain but actually making it harder for everyone to find my keep coming up with nuanced versions of the original name all chance can you try to find my modulation but they liquidate T's multi-PBM therapy or something like that such a PBM therapy even get the mom will one for the team front of it that you didn't say serve nomenclature aside after I learned about the different names and begin to look it up why was blown away his by is a lot of what use referenced earlier and there are times of articles within pub med about normal mute mucositis again some of these that stood out to me were there for chronic nonspecific low back pain the European Society for medical oncology says that the redo reducing the mucositis your World Health Organization back in 2008 yet said that it is now recommended for neck and back pain that's not nothing that's significant was you the reason why I was so excited have you on when he brought it up study that I found was a rat study with a induced arthritis in these rats treated one group with PBM and the other will not and then they they euthanized him in the looked at it on a microscopic level clerical roles like do this is real but there's cellular stuff going on here this is not you know because there's so much like marketing and people changing stuff what I want to know what is super fascinating as you discover this and 87 and you clearly have something that you or you found something of the rest of the world needs to learn about in the 1960 Spock was using the start I spoke with Vulcan but I know the doctor you're not old enough to know I'm deftly old really bad with horrible as somebody who's also an entrepreneur you're the owner and CEO in you work your tail what happened 1987 can you just give us a synopsis and on on your life and career to get here in front of us well just to for anybody holding out for a great degree or anything I got the same level qualifications as Steve Jobs Bill Gates and Richard Branson what they do exactly the it basically happened to be unethical 16 minute qualifications analogy to have a medical school professes let's what happened yet doesn't so I left school 16 I was in it in an rock band on you had a make a fuzzball, while a pedal and amplifying him he had to connect these things out so I don't want to be in electronics and other school I Colby and Reese have a single Yellow Pages member them love electronics company and that was tournament train what right away and then said one being a princess designing they made radio stations and the TV and voted for TBC day so I wanted to work and then I asked for job and they say, environment sure enough they could tell it I knew little ready about it and they want to get my enthusiasm so I went out there and I did study some electronics college failed to college and femtosecond it twice but I still dwelling comfortable the promotions running departments and that so that's my 660 is of that and I I helped a friend to run up this a.m. sports, restoration business in all sports classic house from the 60s and 50s and that bent down under should go back to work run another test department electronics company making translucent satellites just wants money add Sadie sold out and the buses the lessee shall never make money as an engineer and he says going to have to learn how to be some sales so I took a job Pitney Bowes the two well but anyway none had a decent sales am then I bought a franchise of friends held up a ground information we had this laser accompanies a client I thought as I told you this is fantastic this is good to be in every department of every hospital in the whole world turned five years so I left to get himself of that lazy company they went out of business a few years later as I started my only two engineers who are already working for that company and that while well till 2005 Thursdays it was Yellow Pages again you look up physiotherapist or something and Jason Coleman making appointments I can assure you my new toy right so we seldom let one of the time like that travel the UK on a motorcycle with laces on the back setting these things go until with the Will Smith pursuit of happiness with the bone scan machines right now with that one this is fascinating because all I heard was that didn't work that failed that breakdown underinsured that didn't work just keep going this is the whole thing of the cross I don't think there are residents this ransom of 2005 I can maybe it's a a the a joint project of the Navy and the FDA that bought some laces from us and I went to a conference however that the CM what they been doing with it and they were healing spinal cord injuries in rats so I still would disease can be much because I realize I thought from my first and voted as he leans and then I could see was helping physiotherapists and sports injuries as a PT physical and that so I felt go back to my consciousness I hate we have to write a plan we are raising money the world can we can get overtaken by Siemens and Philips another companies like that because with two small we need money we need to do this properly and they said do that VCs will take of your company they'll probably fire us and anybody else is any good I probably can crush the company and I said but I'm not waiting around for you I'm leaving on a semi-business start writing a plan for Colby few weeks I've since come back nobody's buying from us and we will do it your way write the plan Bryson money I've they put some new management in and we were bankrupt within 18 months I thought everybody was good they were totally right so that's well we've got we raise money in 2006 and we were dead by by late 2000 70 my gosh this is this is why love having real entrepreneurs on the just keep grinding it out dental don't realize you went through all of the ship to get where you are why is obvious that you honestly believe in what is Richard Riley I do need to believe it's that it's it's hot evidence published in some the brace leading medical journals writing a new belief request you not the technology side do apologize but have the belief in the idea of the company that you can elevate that because this is a fantastic technology its mission sure and I am quite clear the cult the corporate mission is to heal and relieve pain right pretty simple our vision is that will be in every corner of every department of every hospital in the whole world and I got a goal of having the step established as a first-line medical treatment for 100 different diseases in 100 different countries have different rules in each country by the time on 100 years old so that's by May 7, 2062 which makes nearly 57 is open you do not do so got to let him hundred and then I'm taking a 20 holiday well we we are going to talk on some of the specific cases but I do know we only have about seven minutes left this half-hour but there are different wavelengths you use two variants of nanometers for red you have blue and green thicker and that we get you thinking don't use blue and grateful kind of day and I can talk about when Sherrick oh yeah no no that's fine because people and I why what is worldwide like the why Jesus waiting on one another my mind waiting for the new one or something like that like I can address all what really what I was going with is you use different lights because through the research you found it through intensity know whether the depth of the tissue that you're going to affect with the life you're going to use yell built-in protocols through your research and that this particular light in this particular setting requires this particular type of therapy right that the therapeutic window is quite broad and sure you can achieve the same effect with different wavelength okay and weaving a certain range and use similar intensities it's not a narrow accident like a cliff edge any for off by nanometer something to work or even a playpen nanometers it's not done what she called up quite a broad spectrum and it's not entirely clear yet now in the and that when it's if it's ever any better to use read only on Fred like unless the penetrations an issue if you want to get to the target that's centimeters date not really not get much beyond the names penetration matter what you say and if we had a whiteboard harassed on drawings why you can't as the diminishing returns and inverse square law on what happened but like sketches and gets absorbed but really says he millimeters is about the limit if you can measure light for a 5 cm deep down it's extremely low levels anything will wind down if you turn up the power by note by hundred percent if I double the pads will get double at that finances absolutely not see things get double the intensity by so you get double intensity of light on the surface let's imagine you 3 cm date let's imagine it's like .1% of what was on the surface something like that then .1% of one what per centimeter squared well you have .1% of double the power at its recent misty but is still double almost nothing it's just the people dumb mistake, doubling path doubling penetration he doesn't write double intentions F is just give you double the intensity at 3 cm deep but haven't been to double of almost nothing you have regained anything I want to completely geek out on this but I want finish with your career because now tells about board like how where you're at how how big it is are you because with all these you overcame all these obstacles now are you sober in my million-dollar business has it that the end of last year where on a run right so far this has 12 minute I have a 35 people Nursultan 72 countries discount him systems it must be about 6000 systems installed around the world mostly to what we call irrationally committed healers who wandered off the map and like buying toys/irrationally what irrationally committed heinous of these irrationally committed in the woods they the committed healers who so interested in making the patients better and they say that's it that's what I want I want one of those semi-one of those send me the bill or whatever it is and they buy one before they figure out how they can make any money with it right they irrationally committed healers and these are usually private medical practices across the world do have permits in the UK as well Australia and Canada making using and become main markets then why Chris Europe Middle East as well at the the irrationally committed healer so that people who think about healing patients before they think about the money and another thing to make money with it they do usually quite entrepreneurial as well not the not on the kind of blinks unlike in the career path that says no I just want to get sued today and identified if I don't go outside the norm such that my my head of department doesn't give me a promotion or whatever like that he's these are people who are just out for that patient that's all the focused on not that Korea's and they yes they will make money and they may make may not make career progression maybe doesn't have a career progression on a plane to people's grace of not being involved… Inhibited that Chris I'm sure it happens we go see meetings as well as probably medical people who are shunned by others seems that I could be getting valves it's crazy stuff but yeah so in all fields it's the irrationally committed healers wonderful Matt they don't stick to just what they learned in school but they probably do take a look at acupuncture and they taken a look at some other therapies this is a broad-minded and then the one of so that's wandering off the map of that career and then they like buying toys wondering off the mat though it to me is very endearing you just simply means you're open to realizing you don't know all the answer yes James our goal with this showing what works wonders were trying to bridge the gap were trying to look at these things take some of this irrational in enthusiasm and science it up know it makes sense now look we need to start reevaluating this kind of thing sort of bridging the gap between these two worlds that's Bartel within our field we reach the highest levels of evidence they thought people like systematic reviews and then published in the non-sit in the British medical channel doesn't get much better than that these things and still the barriers of that you can get the signs there are criticisms of all signs like a lot of the date was extended since its much abuse but in publishing high enough impact factor journals is always a reason why not it seems to me we now teaching in medical schools have got we not you got research project running 51 medical schools around the world now so this is where I think it what you got to get into this big alertness at school right that's how we met does mean is 1020 years before they are in a decision-making position coping 20 but sent me we needed many people leaving medical school with this as part of the toolbox and that's working and working the political level now as well have a Congressional briefing back in November did you see that I saw that on your two best served on the Congressional briefing and we now got somebody active full time around Capitol Hill working with insurance companies working with politicians trying to persuade them that we need more money from NIH to do the kind of research they say they want to see fun little and to change minds at the highest level has also continued this in the next half-hour when there is plenty of opportunity for laser.com back with James here is this is the only 24 hour take anywhere platforms dedicated to food and fun we're spooning user tower from Townhall.com I'm not arguing Washington says he's being harassed by house committees now run by Democrats is White House correspondent Greg Clarkson in the face of stepped-up investigations the president tweets this is the highest level of presidential harassment in the history of our country house Democrats are asking for six years of Donald Trump's tax returns 10 years of his financial records and are preparing to issue a subpoena for the full Russia report from the special counsel the president complains that some Democrats are fighting hard to keep the witchhunt alive Greg Claxton Washington a preliminary report finds no fault with prove that Ethiopian Airlines jet crash last month Ethiopia's Minister of Transport says the Boeing max pilots were fully licensed since and they follow their training she says aviation safety expert John Cox says everything about last October's crash and last months crash of that Ethiopian Airlines that remains a very curious what I think it shows the need for very careful analysis of potential faults wonder designing new aircraft or updated aircraft mowing is declining the comment predicates review all that new report German chemicals company bears as a detected and averted a cyber attack last year by a hacking group is been traced to China in a statement bear said its in-house cyber security team found signs of malicious software associated with the group Win NT on company systems in early 2018 the company said there were no signs of data outflow in the affected IT systems have since been cleaned it said prosecutors in Cologne have opened an investigation German officials have in the past warn of industrial espionage from China correspondent Jeremy House reported on Wall Street the Dow is booming right now 140 points class act of 18 Morley stories@townhall.com now you can fly anywhere in the world and paid discount prices on your airline tickets flight to date on harassment to read or anywhere else you want to go and pay a lot less guarantee quality international travel department right now low-cost airlines 800-452-1075 800-452-1075 that's 800-452-1075 got an old car you can donate it whether it's running or not to the United breast cancer foundation and save a life they'll even come and pick it up for free the United breast cancer foundation has saved hundreds of women's lives through their free or low-cost breast screening exams but now they need your help the United breast cancer foundation wants to save more lives through early detection by offering women free or low-cost breast screening exams donating your old car SUV or truck whether it's running or not helps pay for them plus you get a charitable tax deduction help the United breast cancer foundation save lives by donating your old car SUV or truck call now for free pickup 800-245-0823 800-245-0823 800-245-0823 all right now that number again is 800-245-0823 never forgotten apparel is more than just a premium women's and men's clothing line it's a movement to remind us to where American-made and serve those who serve us our heroes never forgotten apparel gives 20% of their total sales to nonprofits that support homeless veterans and off-duty firefighters and 50% to individual veterans and firefighters in need nationwide checkout never forgotten apparel.com use promo code Matt and ATT and get 15% off your purchase okay that is now the second hour of project episode number five we are joined with CEO and founder of Thor laser James Carol all the way from London and of course your host Dr. Campground of gastroenterology to help if you want to see what this laser looks like and what James Carol looks like go to our Instagram at KPMG help and you'll see we depose little video yesterday he took the time out of giving a lecture to show me the actual booth the laser booth bright pretty cool neat stuff. Read Albany one leg that's malaise that we usually got that one yes will get into that different websites that that's nobody thought.com and Novo Thorpe never told so that last half-hour loved your story you overcoming all the stuff clearly there's tons of data other from the literature why haven't why hasn't someone like me heard about it until just recently is not reinvest that's the bottom line it is so it would help also if that is the bottom line I mean if the only cancer centers that were dealing with would love to be using it tomorrow if only it was reimbursed so that is they probably will miss his major priority for us to need insurance code basically can stage a housemate and have yet still have another countries no you can't have national health service so it's only national health service for cancer patients it's is not out here yet because of the way the system works okay what about another kind of social program that may be comparable to the UK because if I remember correctly I think I overheard you been working with that the VA here stateside the correct that's right so we made a light helmet so if you can imagine American football football his helmet mentioned that with full of light of and identities bright red ones and the stick missing on your head and it shoots light into their brain what is that you're trying to accomplish with the light helmet for they the veterans so placed medic stress disorder and whatever cover any other cognitive problems related to concussion of brain injury you think you did to Hathor laser with his helmet would be it be beneficial if I understand correctly to help people with a concussion protocol absolutely or CTE protocol absolutely okay so What kind of evidence if you had with but that's fark that's that is deftly hot topic at CTE oh my gosh is working to have one of our guests coming up when we are to have it scheduled but the Col. Paul Blair oh yeah he works with election all the company that supplies our CBD he's done a ton of research on PTSD and traumatic brain injury I think there's a lot of synergy using these lights in CBD and got health all of it right fascinating I'm just going to have a look and something which is my my database here you can see it says Vogel you have your lights are to have but it's not is not public not just our goal so this is only funded by modulation reception on this missing him and then yeah I just brain him he took the studies regarding treating the brain woodlot 295 285 complete holidays published in peer-reviewed medical journals fantastic yes that shows what it does to reduce basically oxidative stress and increase IDP in the brain which means things for for nerve regeneration supported the cortical neurons chair and then looking the clinical benefits of that with us full by beating F brain drive neurotrophic factor and so helps the brain repair itself and that we love these effects maybe not Judas he sees the show in animals and humans were much bigger is how to get the light to steep and it seems a lot of these effects adjusted to improve blood flow as well it's still Ethan I'm all about how much of it to do with getting lots cortical neurons and how much of it is about getting light just improving blood flow but between the pair of them its people getting better minutes it was a TV show whether I think would be having I be showing you data from first patient whose finished cultivating treatment since we delivered this device and the change in his post medic stress disorder is this is breathtaking letter leading to asked about my follow-up question is been able to track anybody to see how maybe they been able to deal with their own personal depression since funny enough I just happen to have a score on just was looking at that a review on using this the very first one if you type in Google scholar 2017 in the journal reviews and neuroscience is the potential of transcranial photo bio modulation therapy for the treatment of major depressive disorder yes that's a 21 patient study how the medical school eight sets pass it is extraordinary and takes Micah so I think that when they need 18 treatments months of at three times a week for six weeks and he treats the treatment the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of the tear in half hampered light emitting diodes and that they held there for 20 minutes both sides and yeah it's good but MDD met major depressive disorder is the third leading cause of disability in the world Seth and I were turning around but goes hand-in-hand with so many things major depressive disorder goes along with chronic pain goes along with sleep issues goes along with PTSD I mean it is a it can be the byproduct of so many things or to be the primary thing that can root cause other things no joke so I am just flipping this up on the screen for you you yes exactly the right question this is that's when if you screech each other shut you fast okay and I'll turn around others can see it to Festival self rating of cognitive behavioral and emotional function difficulties here look at this dramatic drop in plaza so in this visit thus itself writing on this is a retired NFL players yes emotional outbursts here so as it says down here reliable decrease is 10 to 20 points he has a 40 point drop off trickles of 18 treatments this is one week for the one month follow-up on that I'll just turn around so that one of your cameras can maybe pay you presume upon him about so what was wrong because this is absolutely critical narrate right this will get to play six is it really lose the focus back further away still not like to say I can't lie it's not out of focus I have to come in and refocus the camera and then reflect on the LCL I know you're the company to detail but it's that and how people look at this this is one individual so who the first person to complete cultivating treatments this is incredible potentially were talking about anybody who would have concussive issues it could be any athlete obviously football players but now when you're talking about traffic accidents road traffic density halls and the VA people who been subject to to combat battle absolutely but even beyond that you look at emotional outburst yeah yeah my staff you want will you will not got it did on Seo question now I think you might have an answer the question that it's just impressive that we got a technology that you are intimately familiar with literally four months ago I had just never heard of it right wow what a cool picture yet I'm going to thoughts of the tub just say I feel this is due on it get check project.com is you can see if you have video I make can see this cool helmet listen to football him with a bunch red lights on the inside that's the eye that that's the apparatus you're using them correctly yet and does so will will put all the images and make them available just the same and of course you will learn more Thor laser.com images training courses all over the world so if you go to the laser.com lookup training and you'll see that we do about space 50 trainings a year across the globe just yesterday you are in the North Dallas and what was the convention exactly as the Academy of laser dentistry okay so that they become fans of this to so the idea here is that so many pathologies that they could be treating them just use it for postoperative pain as an alternative to nonsteroidal anti-French drunks do not gratefully right but it looks better than insights and it helps you heal as well is that this is the big take away message for this but since it is an excellent pain reliever and in clinical trials it outperforms nonsteroidal engine from trees acetaminophen and opioids it also helps you heal which those drugs can actually inhibit healing so this is a technology which is regenerative and analgesic and anti-inflammatory and so dangerous we use it postoperatively but they also treat these people get these would look aberrant neuropathic extremely painful problems as well that people just don't have ounces full so I what I personally find makes me feel most moved by is what it can do for people in extreme pain and how whether drugs barely muscular tool is a kind of pain to draw people to suicide have postherpetic neuralgia trigeminal neuralgia this kind of thing so this is a fact we can actually turn these around by actually helping heal the that that this functioning of is what excites me b

The boys start this week by discussing what grocery item they cannot live without. The Numerology segment is getting more and more interminable. The fellas are in the business of blowing minds. Matt has a decade of ways to hate Bill, who tells us at length about Neon Noodle. The fellas discuss the benefits and drawbacks of Neon. Bill brings us closer to understanding lightening arresters. The fellas both want helium-neon lasers and scoff at the 10 commandments. Tithing is bananas. Matt runs down the 10 plagues and includes Bill as one. Matt has been asked if he was a Jew. The fellas cast Clint Howard. Matt has a gift for Bill, come this Christmas and Bill doesn’t want all those leaping lords. Can you smell what Snellen is sellin’? The boys think lacrosse is for the rich folks. Matt loved Mo Cheeks’ indifference to younger fans. George is struggling with how his future is unfolding. Bill likes a coffee oriented iPhone app. Matt hates when a counter person comments on his order, yet he does enjoy talking to baristas. George expresses some deep seeded struggles of his own to his barista. Matt takes offense to Bill calling his people “Pizza People.” Bill is cagey about one of the actors in this weeks minute. Bill brings a car-casting segment to please the masses. This carries over into the rest of the episode being about cars. Finally what would DM think? He’d hate it.Find out more at https://gggrinfinite.pinecast.co

It was the best of eyes, it was the worst of eyes. The creator of the best-selling poster in America brings you the Snellen reform eye, the greatest prosthetic eye of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. There's just one little problem... WARNING! This episode is to eyesockets what our Danger! Paris Green episode is to Victorian children. If you're sensitive to eye squick, maaaybe check out a different episode?

Have questions about an eye condition or vision problem?  Douglas W. Stephey, O.D., M.S. explains the differences between hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism and presbyopia. You will also learn how many of these conditions can be treated with lenses, prisms and vision therapy. Douglas W. Stephey, O.D., M.S. 208 West Badillo St. Covina, CA 91723 Phone: 626-332-4510 Website: http://bit.ly/DouglasWStepheyWebsite Videos: http://bit.ly/DrStepheyOptometryVideos The Move Look & Listen Podcast is brought to you in part, by Audible - get a FREE audiobook download and 30-day free trial at www.audibletrial.com/InBound If interested in producing a podcast of your own, like the Move Look & Listen Podcast, contact Tim Edwards at tim@InBoundPodcasting.com or visit www.InBoundPodcasting.com Transcription Below: Tim Edwards: Welcome to episode two of the Move Look & Listen podcast with Dr. Doug Stephey. I'm Tim Edwards with the Inbound Podcasting Network and a client of Dr. Stephey's over the past couple of years. In our last episode, we got a chance to meet Dr. Stephey and get to know him personally and professionally and to learn a little bit more about some of Dr. Stephey's unconventional methods that he practices at his optometry practice. And when we say unconventional methods, we mean when you visit Dr. Stephey, you're going to experience a session unlike you've had with any other optometrists. I can almost guarantee that. Can you back that guarantee up with me Dr. Stephey? I think that's pretty true.  Dr. Stephey: Tim, I think that is true. I do practice all the kinds of regular optometry that most people can eventually know. But I do things that go back in optometry to the 1930s and 1940s. So what's interesting about a lot of this stuff is it's not really new. It's just that the profession in expanding its scope has moved away from some of the tenants that has made this kind of optometry so unique and yet at times in the field of neuro rehabilitation, especially with traumatic brain injury and concussions, the rehab community understands the value of this kind of optometry better than regular optometry itself in some cases, and certainly that's true that the neuro rehab community understands this better than the educational community or the medical community as it relates to how this kind of optometry practice can affect the quality of somebody's life. Whether they get migraines or motion sickness or headaches or have a history of dyslexia or a learning disability or ADHD or autism. This kind of optometry cuts across a lot of different disciplines and a lot of different diagnoses.  Tim Edwards: And as you mentioned in our last episode, we are going to dive deep into each of those elements that you just described and how through vision therapy and through some of the modalities that you use at your practice can be relieved, hopefully, maybe and sometimes eliminated.  Dr. Stephey: I think that's true.  Tim Edwards: And today what we're going to do, we're going to bring it down to the elementary school level. For people like me, if you don't mind Dr. Stephey, and we're going to talk about common eye problems. So I think it would be important for those that are binge listening to this podcast, much like people do on Netflix, right? You find a show you like and you'll watch every episode, the same type of consumer habits occur with podcast listening, so let's give some basic common eye issues that you would deal with that we are all dealing with.  Dr. Stephey: So the most common things that people know are nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism and reading glasses.  Tim Edwards: That's pretty much the scope, no pun intended, of my knowledge or something like this.  Dr. Stephey: And the idea that seeing 20/20 is the holy grail of going to the eye doctor. I'm here to suggest that seeing 20/20 is a small, albeit an important piece of the puzzle, but it's just a tiny piece of the puzzle. So for example, the expression 20/20 conventionally means that you can read a letter just slightly smaller than nine millimeters at 20 feet. That's it.  Tim Edwards: That's where the 20 comes in.  Dr. Stephey: That's where 20/20 comes in. That's all it means. It doesn't say anything about the way you use your two eyes together, whether you see fast, how you integrate vision and auditory or vision and motor or visual and processing speed or vision and attention or vision and movement skills. It just means you can read a tiny letter at 20 feet.  Tim Edwards: And why did they choose that? Whomever created this chart, right? And the distance. Why at 20 feet.  Dr. Stephey: Honestly I have no idea.  Tim Edwards: Because that's the size of the room when they put this whole thing together and they say well..  Dr. Stephey: There's probably some logic behind why they chose the 20 feet, but I honestly do..If I ever learned that in the past, I don't remember it.  Tim Edwards: So that it's not that relevant anyway. It's just a, a baseline form of measurement.  Dr. Stephey: So and as an extension of that thinking, people are nearsighted. Maybe they read the big E on the eye chart and that big E is referred to as a 2,400 letter. And what that means is that the "normally sighted person who could read that size letter at 400 feet, a nearsighted, a person has to walk up closer and closer and closer until they're 20 feet away from the letter. And then they can finally read the big E."  Tim Edwards: I got it.  Dr. Stephey: That's where that fraction comes from. Common misunderstanding is when people refer to themselves as being legally blind. Well the definition of legal blindness has to do with the best corrected vision in your better seeing eye.  Dr. Stephey: So when we go back to that standard eye chart, it's called a Snellen chart. And if somebody has best corrected vision in their better seeing eye,no better than 20/80, that would meet one of the standards of, of truly meeting the definition of being legally blind. Because your best corrected vision is worse than 20/70 in your better seeing eye. Well if you don't have glasses on and you can't see the 2400 letter, that is not the standard of being legally blind. You could, you couldn't see two inches in front of your face without glasses on. But if you put glasses on and you can see 20/20, you're not legally blind. So that's a really common misunderstanding that patients have about their uncorrected vision versus their best corrected vision. And just for completeness sake, someone who's nearsighted, you think about what that word is saying, you have sight at near.  Dr. Stephey: So the implication is that you're blurry far away. And so that is true. If you're nearsighted and you don't have correction on you have distance blur. And the more nearsighted, the more blur you have at distance. Interestingly enough though, you can continue to see well up close if you're nearsighted and don't have glasses on. And that particularly is advantageous when you get to be 40 to 45, that's the most common window when you develop a condition called Presbyopia, which I looked up a few months ago and essentially it means old man eyes.  Tim Edwards: And I had been suffering from that for quite some time.  Dr. Stephey: But presbyopia is a gentler way of saying the same thing or at least it's a more confounding way. And patients don't really know that. I'm telling them that they're getting old, they just think that they're getting presbyopic.  Tim Edwards: Sounds a little nicer. a little bit, but if you.  Dr. Stephey: But if you're near sighted and presbyopic, you might be able to avoid reading glasses or a bifocal. You just take your glasses off and then you can see for for quite a long time, depending on the level of your nearsightedness. Farsightedness or hyperopia. That's more confounding because again, farsightedness means you have site at far, so there are limits though about what we can tolerate with faraway vision when we're farsighted and not wearing the glasses correction. So many people that are farsighted, their primary complaint is they have trouble seeing up close. That's not age related and so we might prescribe farsighted glasses that are primarily used for near vision or we might give you farsighted glasses that you wear full time. There is a term called accommodative esotropia. Accommodation, meaning eye focusing and esotropia meaning your one or both eyes turns in towards your nose.  Dr. Stephey: So the term accommodative esotropia means that without glasses on, you have one or both eyes. That turned way inward whether you're looking at far away objects or even up close objects.  Tim Edwards: Is that just a muscle issue in the eye?  Dr. Stephey: Well, it's a muscle issue in the sense that it's related to, and I'm having a lot of farsightedness, but nobody's figured that out yet. So someone who's an accommodative esotrope, you see that they have crossed eyes. What you don't know is that without crossing their eyes, the retina registers a fair amount of blur and the brain is experiencing that blur and his thinking to itself, this is not good. I don't want to see blurry. And the only way to make it clearer is that the brain has got to make the eye focusing inside. The brain has got to make the eye focusing system in the eye work harder and the eye focusing and the eye taming systems are neurologically tied to each other.  Dr. Stephey: So if you focus harder, your eye's going to turn in. So somebody who's an accommodative esotrope, they're really farsighted but nobody's figured that out. And when you finally do figure it out and you put glasses on them and the brain says, oh, I got the glasses to do all this extra work for me and I don't have to do that. Great. I'll turn the eyes back out to a straight ahead posture and get them to work together as a team. So that's what it means to be an accommodative esotrope.  Tim Edwards: So is that different than a lazy eye?  Dr. Stephey: Yes, yes. The simple answer to that is yes. So Lazy. I the common term that people know. Amblyopia is the fancier term. And most of the things that we talk about, there's always exceptions to the rule. So typically somebody who has a lazy eye, "can see 20/20 in one eye and less than 20/20 in the other eye." Dr. Stephey: Maybe it's 20/25, maybe it's 20/30, maybe it's 2100, maybe it's 2,400. But you don't really know why they have that poor vision until you do a comprehensive exam and begin to figure out why these things are true. So in an accommodative esotrope, if there's an asymmetry in prescription between the two eyes, one eye has got little to no prescription and the other one's got quite a bit of farsightedness. The far sighted eye that has not been wearing a correction is going to see blurry because the brain will take the path of least resistance. It will do whatever work it has to, but not anymore than it has to. So if you can see 20/20 with one eye and it takes very little effort, the brain says, well I'm not going to work that other eye because I'm seeing 20/20. That was my ultimate goal.  Dr. Stephey: I don't have to work the other eye harder so I'm just going to let it be blurry. Well, the longer that other eye stays blurry, the cells in the visual cortex or the occipital lobe or the back of the brain where visual input is sent to, those cells never get stimulated with clear vision. They constantly see blurry. So those brain cells that receive visual input don't know how to see clear. And so when you go to measure clarity of vision, like on the standard eye chart, they can't get to 20/20 because they've never seen 20/20. So in that context, oftentimes in every case is different. But oftentimes when you put glasses on, someone who's like that, and maybe give them four or five or six weeks just to put glasses on, wear them full time. Let clear images be on both retinas. Let both retinas send that information back to the brain to be stimulated.  Dr. Stephey: And perhaps we do a follow up exam in four to six or seven weeks and recheck the snellen chart again in the lazier eye and see how much better it's getting. If it's getting better on its own, maybe just more time is all that's necessary to get the eye back to 20/20 or close to it. And facilitate the brain's ability to begin to learn how to use the two eyes together. And if time alone and the prescription alone is not sufficient, then we come up with a vision therapy plan about how are we going to intervene to teach the brain how to keep both eyes on and see clearly at the same time. Because and historically, if you get diagnosed with a lazy eye, and this is still true to some degree in some circles, the classic example is that you patch the good eye, right?  Dr. Stephey: You cover up the good idea, have forced the brain to see through the blurry eye and sometimes even in 2018, that is still the conventional approach with a lot of eye doctors. And I'm going to tell you that is woefully inadequate because it is true that when you patch the good eye, the brain will look through the other eye because it has no choice. Once you take the patch back off, the brain goes back to look through the "good eye" and turns the lazy eye back off.  Tim Edwards: So this has never worked then.  Dr. Stephey: I wouldn't say it's never worked, but it has limited value because the ultimate goal and what's really necessary is the brain has to learn how to use the two eyes together as a team and you can't do that if you patch one of them. So the extension beyond patching, if patching is even necessary at all, is that you have to develop a vision therapy program where the brain is aware of what both eyes are doing, but that the brain is also aware that the two eyes are seeing different colors or different colored objects or that the objects at the right eye and the left are seeing are polarized.  Dr. Stephey: So the right eye sees one polarized target. The left eye sees a different polarized target so that if the brain doesn't keep both eyes on, one of the one of the targets is going to disappear. Well, when you can see that happen and your brain says, Hey, what the heck happened to that other object? Well, the brain's now got immediate real time feedback to turn that eye back on, and that's the coup de gras in this whole thing. The brain's got to be aware that it has two channels and that it is supposed to learn how to use the two eyes together as an integrated team. That's why patching has limited value. And I got an email several days ago from a colleague of mine that this is crazy when I tell you this. It is a practice that has been done within the discipline of ophthalmology who's big on patching.. Dr. Stephey: Not so much the binocular vision piece, but big on patching. And if you're a kid who sees good in one eye and really poorly out of the other and someone puts a patch on your good seeing eye, are you going to want to wear that patch? No. The answer is no. So you're going to take it off. Well, believe it or not, I've seen cases where an eye surgeon has actually sutured a patch onto somebody's face.  Tim Edwards: Sutured? Sutured, so they cannot take it off no matter what.  Dr. Stephey: They have stitched it into their skin. That seems really egregious. And the second one that's close to that is that they put elbows splints on the kids so they can't bend their arms.  Tim Edwards: Oh my goodness. Wow. That's like the cone that you put over a dog's head so it doesn't lick its wounds. Right.  Dr. Stephey: When when I read that email, I thought the exact same thing.  Tim Edwards: That's terrible. That's archaic.  Dr. Stephey: Yeah, well it seems pretty extreme. I don't know. I'd have to go back and read more about it and make my peace with whether or not it's ever necessary and maybe it is. But those are two pretty extreme examples of what it means to patch.  Tim Edwards: So we're going to take a short break Dr. Stephey and when we come back on the other side, give us a little insight as to what we can expect.  Dr. Stephey: When we come back on the other side of this, I'm going to talk a little bit about astigmatism. I'll talk a little bit more about presbyopia and I'll talk a little bit about myopia control. Because myopia is an out of control epidemic worldwide and there's lots of research and lots of discussion being done about how do we control this.  Tim Edwards: And why don't we also give some solutions as well too, that they can find at your optometry practice.  Dr. Stephey: Sounds great.  Tim Edwards: Welcome back to the Move Look & Listen podcast with Dr. Stephey. I'm Tim Edwards with the Inbound Podcasting Network. And today we're talking about common eye problems. Getting a nice education on when you hear that somebody has astigmatism, which we're about to talk about. Or presbyopia. Did I say it right?  Dr. Stephey: Presbyopia. Yeah.  Tim Edwards: And what's the other one?  Dr. Stephey: There's hyperopia, myopia, astigmatism and presbyopia.  Tim Edwards: I'll never be able to do that without it written down in front of me, unfortunately. After I listen to this number two, I will. So why don't we pick up where we left off?  Dr. Stephey: Well, let's talk about astigmatism because that's a common component of a lot of people's prescriptions. And I think there's some confusion about what it really means. So if you think about the shape of the basketball, it's got one radius of curvature and that's typical of whether you're nearsighted or farsighted. Meaning that when light focuses in front of or behind your retina to induce that blur, it's only got one focal point of blur, and that's to be implied by the shape of the basketball, only having one curve. In contrast, to a football which has one radius of curvature from the long end to the other long end, and it's got a steeper radius of curvature around the center.  Dr. Stephey: Those two major curvatures are 90 degrees apart from each other and each one has a different focal point. So with astigmatism, you've got two different blur points around your retina instead of the single blur point. So with myopia, you're primarily blurry at distance and have sight up close. With hyperopia, you're primarily blurry at close and have good vision far away unless you're really farsighted then you have blur everywhere. And astigmatism because you've got to blur points. You're blurry everywhere as well. So that's what astigmatism is. There's two different blur points and we have to correct both of those blur points to give you clear vision.  Tim Edwards: I've heard astigmatism my entire life. Never knew that. You're talking about different blur points within each eyeball.  Dr. Stephey: Yes, that's right. And furthermore there is something called the astigmatism axis. So if you think back to high school math class and you ever had to pull out a protractor, it's got degrees on it, right from zero to 180 degrees. And those degrees on that protractor make up part of your astigmatism prescription.  Dr. Stephey: And it's interesting to look at symmetry in the human body because most prescriptions that contain astigmatism are along the 180 degree line plus or minus 10 degrees. So like 170 to maybe 10 degrees somewhere in that range or they're 90 degrees away from that. So now you're at an axis 90 and maybe a common range from 80 to 100. That's pretty common with astigmatism prescriptions. And every once in a while you get an oddball prescription where it's at an oblique axis like 45 degrees or 135 degrees. Not along the 180 or the 90 degree line. And what's also interesting is how sensitive somebody can be to changes in that cylinder axis. So degrees on a protractor change in one degree increments. And if you don't have a lot of astigmatism, maybe you have a tiny amount of astigmatism prescription and your axis could change five to seven degrees and it wouldn't bother you very much.  Dr. Stephey: But if you have a lot of astigmatism, sometimes you can't even tolerate a one degree change in the axis in your prescription because if you're that sensitive or you have that high of astigmatism power, that one degree change, it doesn't feel right. Like it almost gives you eyestrain or a headache or blur or it throws off your visual perception or it's just not tolerable. I used to have about $4.50 worth of astigmatism. And if you think about prescription changes, we do it in quarter diopter units. Well $4.50 is 18 quarters worth of astigmatism. That's a lot. Before I had Lasik, I couldn't tolerate a one degree change in my astigmatism axis. If I got a pair of glasses made and literally they were one degree off, I have to send them back, I couldn't wear. And some people are really, really sensitive to that.  Dr. Stephey: If there's one thing I've learned over the years is that every single patient that comes into my practice is unique unto themselves and it doesn't make a difference. Yes, we have had a lot of training. Yes, I've had a lot of experience and yes, most people kind of fall in the bell curve of statistical population outcomes, but that's not you. Everybody's different. And I wouldn't have been sensitive to this probably the first 10 or 12 years that I was in practice. But now I really listened to every single patient that comes to me and what their complaints are and what I think their complaints could be. And nobody's maybe even asking those questions to find out if they have any of the symptoms that I might think you have. For example, there was a gal came into my office recently. She's 48 years old.  Dr. Stephey: Her two eyes don't work together very well and that's caused her a host of problems. Motion sickness, being clumsy, being ridiculously anxious, and really most of her life feeling like she's got two left feet. And when I started to ask her some of the questions that we're going to talk about in later episodes, she broke down in tears in my exam chair because she said, I've been trying to tell other doctors this most of my adult life. And no one has ever understood what I've been trying to tell them. Well, and they all just think I'm crazy.  Tim Edwards: Which type of doctors has, she asked?  Dr. Stephey: She's asked her family doctors this. She's asked neurologist this. She's ultimately been referred to psychology and psychiatry because no one has understood what she's trying to convey.  Tim Edwards: And you're the first optometrist she's asked?  Dr. Stephey: No, no, she's 40-years-old. She's been going to see eye doctors since she was a kid. So it's that no one took the time to listen to her and no one took the time to do the kind of testing that would reveal this to know what questions to ask, and so she broke down in tears because she finally felt like she had somebody who understood what she was trying to convey. All this time. It was unbelievable.  Tim Edwards: That must have been just one of those days like you talked about in the last episode where you just go home smiling because you just found a way to not only listen to this patient of yours, but to fix this patient of yours.  Dr. Stephey: Well, it's true. Most people probably have heard of the movie, the Matrix with Keanu Reeves. And there's a scene in there that's a red pill, blue pill moment. I love that scene and it's perfect for this kind of optometry because my contention is that when you learn this information, I dare you to go back and not practice this way. I can't do it. I can't unlearn what I know and when I have a chance to talk to parent groups or occupational or physical therapist or I go to maybe a special education conference. I'm going to a conference tomorrow. I'm one of the speakers on the visual aspects of dyslexia. I'm going to talk about that red pill, blue pill moment because once you learn this, you can't go back.  Tim Edwards: So you're offering them a red pill, blue pill moment as well.  Dr. Stephey: Yes, that's exactly what I'm going to do tomorrow.  Tim Edwards: And that is our intent on the Move Look & Listen podcast as well. Dr. Stephey we come to the close of this episode. Can we go over some of the solutions to these ailments that we've talked about for the last 25 minutes or so?  Dr. Stephey: I would love to do that. The one thing I'm really going to focus on right now is myopia or nearsightedness because it is a worldwide epidemic that is being studied in many countries and people throw in lots and lots of money research wise at myopia control and in part why that's a big deal is that myopia compared to the other kinds of prescription changes that you might need, myopia is associated with higher incidence of glaucoma and higher incidences of retinal tears and retinal detachments. So it's not just that, oh, I need a thicker and thicker pair of glasses to see better. It's that there really are some longterm consequences healthwise and vision wise and blindness wise. So trying to get this figured out is a big deal. Conventionally, the most common way that we handle blur is by prescribing glasses. While prescribing glasses this isn't solving your problem, it's compensating for your problem. And allowing you to see clearly. So what we want to do in myopia control is to see if there's other alternatives that might be better choices for you. And some of the common choices that have been tried and have some modest success and some that have really pretty significant success. A really simple fix would be put somebody in a bifocal, even if you're eight years old, you may benefit from being in a bifocal pair of glasses to slow down your runaway myopia.  Dr. Stephey: Or alternatively we might put you in a standard hard or gas permeable contact lens to slow down that progression. Or we might put you in a hard contact lens that you wear overnight. Much like you wear a retainer after you've had braces and the hard lens w overnight attempts to flatten your cornea overnight. So it does two things during the daytime. One, the ideal goal is that you don't need glasses or contacts then to see all day and that it's also designed to slow down the progression of the myopia so that over some period of time, even if you stop wearing the overnight lens at night, you will not progress to the same level of myopia you would have, had you never worn that lens to start with.  Tim Edwards: So it just reshaping the eye a little bit?  Dr. Stephey: It's reshaping the eye little bit. That's exactly what it's doing. And then there's atropine eyedrops and standard atropine eyedrops dilate the pupil really big and they pharmacologically knock out your eye focusing system so you can't see up close because your eye focusing system doesn't work because it's been pharmacologically paralyzed. Well, I'm here to tell you that in the US there is no one that's going to tolerate full strength atropine eyedrops for those two reasons. They may get by with that in some other countries, but people in the US just aren't going to tolerate that. And they don't really have to because there are diluted atropine eyedrops where they're diluted to a 0.01 percent. So you don't get the pupil dilation, you don't get the eye focusing problems, but you do get a significant myopia reduction control over time. So that's pretty cool.  Tim Edwards: And this is just drops that you put in your eye?  Dr. Stephey: Yup. Maybe once a day and off you go.  Tim Edwards: So it's like a pill. Except a drop for your eye.  Dr. Stephey: It's sorta like a pill but in drop form.  Tim Edwards: That's amazing. I've never heard of that before. It's great.  Dr. Stephey: Yup. And I would say that the diluted atropine drops are relatively new. I don't think they're particularly well known even in the eye care community and that has not been particularly well conveyed into the patient population at large. So I have a handful of patients who are doing the myopia control with the atropine eye drops, but it's not a huge part of our practice at this juncture. But it's an option that's available and you should know about it. Here's a final thought about presbyopia or old man eyes. Rememberit happens between 40 and 45.  Tim Edwards: Middle-aged man eyes.  Dr. Stephey: Yes. Yes, that's right. If you've been fortunate enough to have 20/20 vision at distance your whole life, I'm here to tell you, you feel cheated when you turn presbyopic.  Tim Edwards: Absolutely.  Dr. Stephey: And it's like, what do you mean I need reading glasses? I've never needed glasses my whole life.  Tim Edwards: And it grows subtle. I mean, it's not like overnight. You can't see. It just seems to happen over some time and you realize I am not functioning like I used to. It's, it's terrible. It's exhausting, actually.  Dr. Stephey: It, you know, that's a good point. It is exhausting. Even when you can see some degree of clarity, your brain has to work so hard to achieve that, that oftentimes those people can read without reading glasses initially, but they have trouble remembering what they're reading because their brain's working so hard to see. And that group is challenging because they typically don't want to wear glasses full time and I certainly understand that. But then they're confronted with these choices. It's like, well doc, how am I going to fix this? Well I can give you a reading glasses? Sounds great, but you're not going to be able to walk around in them. What do you mean? Well they're just for reading, if you try to walk around, you're going to get dizzy and fall over.  Dr. Stephey: Well yeah, but so what? Wait a minute. What are you, what are you telling me? Are you telling me you're going to use the B word? Yeah, that's the other choice.  Tim Edwards: That no young man wants to hear. No 45-year-old man wants to hear that.  Dr. Stephey: Like you're saying, I need a bifocal? And I'm like, well I didn't say that exactly. I implied it but I didn't say it.  Tim Edwards: Right, but then you know, a lot of men or a lot of people basically they don't want to see that line, you know, but there's a solution to that. That line in their glasses that tells the world I can't see up close without the aid. And so it looks like, I'm guessing there's a stigma attached to that. Sorry.  Dr. Stephey: And I think that it's, it is an acknowledgement that in fact you are getting older.  Tim Edwards: It is indeed. Yeah.  Dr. Stephey: And it's nothing to do with really the wearing of it. It's that it's acknowledgement of your aging. And people are really resistant to that.  Tim Edwards: Listen, I get it. I was that guy. I was like, I'm 51 now and I just gave up. I just gave up, you know, I need to be able to see and if you don't like the line on my glasses and think I'm an old man then too bad. I have to function. But then again, there are some solutions to that you don't have to have that definitive line.  Dr. Stephey: That's right. There are bifocals with lines that are obvious. There's bifocals with lines that aren't as obvious. There are round bifocals that technically have a line that are almost invisible and then there's progressive lenses that don't have any lines.  Dr. Stephey: And of course that has great appeal if you're bothered by the idea of a line and announcing to the world that yes, I'm wearing a bifocal. And I've been wearing a progressive lens for almost 16 years now. I don't think I would go back to wearing a bifocal with a line. But they do have some limits.  Tim Edwards: Some of the limits I learned this. First of all, it takes some getting used to. It does. There's some, there's some adjustment to that transition.  Dr. Stephey: Well, there's an adjustment of getting used to anybody bifocal.  Tim Edwards: Oh that is true. That is true.  Dr. Stephey: But it is also interesting because when I see patients that have trouble with the way their two eyes work together, if they have tried progressive lenses in the past and failed, it's usually not because they can't wear a progressive lens.  Dr. Stephey: It's because they can't adapt to the progressive lens because of the binocular vision problem that no one has told them about. So when you get a lot of motion and swim through the no line portion of a progressive, you can't tolerate that. Well then nobody told you why you're getting so much swim because your two eyes aren't working together in a coordinated manner. You just think that progressives aren't for you and you don't know that they're really a viable option. If we address this binocular vision piece.  Tim Edwards: So there are options. There are options there. And you know what, the only way to know is to get in there and try. And that's what exactly what I did and of course I settled for a great mix of contacts so I could see far away really well and reading glasses. And reading glasses that work while I'm wearing my contacts that you did for me.  Tim Edwards: It is a perfect combination. Now they're not bifocal glasses. I just put them on when I need to see up close. But this combination works for me.  Dr. Stephey: Well, Tim, and you make a good point, which is listen to your patients, come up with viable solutions, talk about the viable solutions and put them on the table so that you and the patient then can have a good discussion about their quality of life, what they do vocationally and avocationally and how these lenses are gonna work and how they're not going to work. Because it reminds me that there's also bifocal contact lenses that many people don't know even exist. And there's also instances where we'll fit one eye with the distance contact lens and the other eye with a reading contact lens. And roughly 85 percent of people that try that do really well with it. But again, you have to know it's an option and you have to know it doesn't work for everybody. But that's the point of listening to your patients and working with them and that you really are a collaborative team, which is exactly the kind of practice that I want to have.            

Astronomy can be quite beautiful at times. From nano-diamonds giving the galaxy a shimmering glow, to stardust leftover from the creation of the solar system hitching a ride on a coment. We also find out about new ways to hunt for exoplanets by erasing stars with filters. Hope A. Ishii, John P. Bradley, Hans A. Bechtel, Donald E. Brownlee, Karen C. Bustillo, James Ciston, Jeffrey N. Cuzzi, Christine Floss, David J. Joswiak. Multiple generations of grain aggregation in different environments preceded solar system body formation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2018; 201720167 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1720167115 J. S. Greaves, A. M. M. Scaife, D. T. Frayer, D. A. Green, B. S. Mason, A. M. S. Smith. Anomalous microwave emission from spinning nanodiamonds around stars. Nature Astronomy, 2018; DOI: 10.1038/s41550-018-0495-z H.J. Hoeijmakers, H. Schwarz, I.A.G. Snellen, R.J. de Kok, M. Bonnefoy, G. Chauvin, A.M. Lagrange, J.H. Girard. Medium-resolution integral-field spectroscopy for high-contrast exoplanet imaging: Molecule maps of the beta Pictoris system with SINFONI. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 2018; DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201832902 Image Credit: S. Dagnello, NRAO/AUI/NSF

Kat shares tips and tricks to finding your brand and sharing it with the world. She talks about opening up your story and sharing the trials along the way. She shares the story behind KES Studios and what she is working on now. Find Kathryn Snellen online at www.kesstudio.com : Instagram: @thekathrynelise or @kes_studio Tune into podcast show, Learning to Leap, by @jillminton live on your favorite Podcast app, iTunes, or Google Play. Sponsored by @t_loft Health Cafes. Thank you for listening to Learning to Leap. Follow Jill online for more support to possibly take the leap of your lifetime on Instagram: @jill_minton and Facebook: learning2leap. Podcast show, Learning to Leap, is available on your favorite Podcast app, iTunes, Google Play, or jillminton.me/podcast. This podcast is sponsored by t.Loft! Check out our health cafes online at www.tloft.net or stop in and see us in the Kansas City area

Common Complaints Red Eye Decreased Vision Trauma to the Eye Approach to a Vision Complaint Step 1: Assess visual acuity Visual acuity is the “vital sign of the eye” Snellen eye chart is best If patient unable to see chart… Count fingers? Able to see light? Step 2: Examine the conjunctiva/cornea with fluorescein How to […]

George Waring IV, MD, joins Gary Wörtz, MD, to talk about his recent career shift from academics to private practice. Dr. Waring walks through his thought process for making this major change and shares additional insights into Snellen acuity, in vivo IOL modification, and more.

George Waring IV, MD, joins Gary Wörtz, MD, to talk about his recent career shift from academics to private practice. Dr. Waring walks through his thought process for making this major change and shares additional insights into Snellen acuity, in vivo IOL modification, and more.

Welcome, Medicare Nation! My guest today is Dr. Steven Loomis, an optometrist in Littleton, CO. Dr. Loomis is also the president of the American Optometric Association. Did you know that June is Cataract Awareness Month? It’s important to know what cataracts are, how they develop, and how to treat them. Dr. Loomis is here to discuss those topics and others related to general eye health. Join us! Many people don’t understand the difference between an optometrist and ophthalmologist. Can you explain?  Think of an optometrist “like a family doctor for your eyes.” These are medical doctors with four years of undergraduate education and four years of specialization. They deal with eye issues such as blurred vision, diabetes, and glaucoma. Optometrists actually diagnosed 240,000 cases of diabetes in 2014! An ophthalmologist is an eye surgeon who works in conjunction with a patient’s optometrist. We know we need comprehensive eye exams, but how often should we get them, and what is included in that exam? An annual exam is recommended unless there is a condition that warrants more frequent care. Specific tests are included, such as visual acuity, auto refraction, an image of the inside of the eye, visual field, blood pressure, and a check of the pupils. The doctor will also ask questions about medical family history.  What exactly does “20/20 vision” mean? Vision is based on the Snellen Acuity Chart, which was invented by Dr. Snellen over 100 years ago. It is the basic eye chart we are all familiar with that has a series of letters or shapes of certain sizes. The “20 foot” standard has been established, meaning that you see what you should see at a distance of 20 feet. A vision of 20/30 or 20/40 means that you see at 20 ft. what the normal eye sees at 30 or 40 ft. Some people see better than normal, like 20/15. It’s interesting how they measure the 20 feet distance, when most exam rooms are not 20 ft. long. The chart might be 12 ft. away from the patient on the wall, and a mirror is placed 8 ft. behind the patient, to make up the 20 ft. distance. As we age, does 20/20 vision decrease? Yes, unfortunately. It’s completely normal because our eyes age as do other parts of our bodies. As your lens ages, cataracts may form and the retina and cornea lose some functionality. What are “floaters,” and can they clear up? Floaters are very common. They can be seen during an eye exam with dilated eyes. What happens is that the vitreous fluid in the eye, which should be firm, solid, and gelatinous, begins to liquefy as we age. This more liquid substance has fibers in it that appear in our vision as floaters. The good news is that they can clear up; they can shrink, sink, and then we THINK they are gone. If floaters increase or change, then see your optometrist to be checked. What is glaucoma? In short, it occurs when the pressure inside the eye damages the optic nerve. Risk factors include family history, racial characteristics, age, and medications. The first symptom is often vision loss.  If glaucoma is indicated, what is the treatment? Medications can control the pressure. Usually eye drops are prescribed once daily and can safely manage the disease. What are cataracts and how are they treated? Cataracts are very, very common and usually show up around age 60. The lens becomes not as clear as it used to be as it loses its clarity and transparency. Exposure to UV rays can cause them, as well as steroids, diabetes, radiation treatments, eye trauma, and eye surgery. The #1 cause? Too many birthdays! There is no treatment needed for early cataracts, but they can worsen to cause hazy vision and nighttime glare. Surgery is the only cure, where the natural lens is removed and an artificial lens is implanted. The good news is that your lens prescription can be incorporated into the artificial lens so your vision is improved on multiple layers. (Tune in to hear a fascinating account of cataract surgery details! Did you know it only takes 5-8 minutes to complete?) How do Medicare benefits factor into cataract surgery? Medicare will pay for a monofocal artificial lens, but the patient can pay for an upgraded lens if desired. Medicare, depending on your plan, will pay a portion of glasses or contacts needed for after surgery. Final words from Dr. Loomis: Keep up with your annual eye exams and discuss options with your doctor when issues arise. Visit www.aoa.org for more information and for their “doctor locator” tool. Question from Eileen in PA: Does Medicare cover eyeglasses? The answer is no, except for what is needed after cataract surgery, and then a portion may be covered under your plan.   Do you have questions or feedback? I’d love to hear it! I may answer one of your questions on the air! email me: support@themedicarenation.com Thank you for listening! If you enjoyed this podcast, please subscribe and leave a 5 star rating and review in iTunes! (Click here)     Find out more information about Medicare on Diane Daniel’s website! www.CallSamm.com      

SMART - Stichting CodeUur wil kinderen digitaal vaardig maken, onder meer door hen te leren programmeren. "Programmeren komt straks in elk beroep voor", zegt directeur Ronilla Snellen. "Zelfs bij de kapper en monteur". Programmeren leert kinderen creatief en logisch te denken, zegt de stichting. Snellen regelt vrijwillige gastdocenten die in groep 7 en 8 een uur programmeerles geven. "Interactie met techniek leert leerlingen creëren in plaats van consumeren."De stichting ging in maart van dit jaar van start. "Scholen willen hier iets mee, maar we hebben nog een weg te gaan", zegt Snellen. Tot nu toe telt CodeUur 300 aanmeldingen. "Leraren hebben het al erg druk."Snellen is wel onder de indruk van de hoeveelheid bedrijven die mee willen doen. "Velen hebben zich achter ons geschaard. Alle kinderen digitaal vaardig, dat is het motto."

A follow up with Kat Snellen, owner of Kathryn Elise Studio's, a Kansas City Creative Consulting Studio. Kat catches us up on the year she has had after going out full time on her own.  Check out Kat's original episode, SDIHW 006. and connect Kat on Instagram (@KathrynEliseStudio) and Twitter (@KathrynElise).  

Welcome to the very first episode of the Influential Gal podcast. This episode is perfect for those who are in the PR industry or are an entrepreneur. Kathryn shares her tips for managing her own PR business (Kathryn Elise Studio), the Go Blog Social conferences and Kansas City Fashion Week. Although life is busy for […]Continue Reading...

Today on the podcast we had the opportunity to interview the lovely Kathryn Snellen, owner of Kathryn Elise Studio, a boutique agency and blog offering creative perspective for brands. Kathryn is also the co-founder of Go Blog Social, a Midwest blogger conference designed to educate, inform, and inspire. In the interview, Kathryn talks about her start-up experience, the road to self-employment, and her amazing experience and struggle of inevitably building her own business without even knowing it. She discusses her timeline of going out on her own and the little details we all tend to forget on setting up the back-end logistics of the business. "People will believe in you, if you believe in yourself" Kathryn's book recommendation (which we absolutely LOVE!) :: #GIRLBOSS - Sophia Amoruso But wait! If you're feeling spontaneous, feel free to check out this fabulous Go Blog Social Workshop event in Kansas City, MO. It's happening THIS weekend, February 22, 2015. Click Here for tickets! Catch up with Kathryn on Instagram (@KathrynEliseStudio) and Twitter (@KathrynElise). Check out Go Blog Social on Instagram (@GoBlogSocial_) and Twitter (@GoBlogSocial)

Aim: Traumatic retinopathy presenting as acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMNR) is an uncommon disease causing paracentral scotomas after indirect trauma. Methods: We report on five patients (six eyes) with AMNR with a temporary reduction of visual acuity and persistent paracentral scotomas after indirect trauma. The findings were documented using multimodal imaging and the follow-up was up to 32months. Results: Initially, fundoscopy was unremarkable in all patients while visual acuity (Snellen equivalents) varied between 0.03 and 1.0, and a paracentral scotoma was present in all patients. During follow-up, visual acuity recovered to 1.0 in all patients while the paracentral scotomas persisted. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography revealed a disruption of the inner/outer segment junction within the macular lesion and changes in the outer nuclear layer, which slowly recovered partly during the follow-up. Conclusions: These findings suggest that indirect trauma can cause changes in the outer retina resembling those seen in AMNR, resulting in persisting paracentral scotomas.

Why eye exams are important for diabetes patients.

Transcript -- A patient with Type 2 diabetes has his retinas examined.

A patient with Type 2 diabetes has his retinas examined.

A patient with Type 2 diabetes has his retinas examined.

Transcript -- A patient with Type 2 diabetes has his retinas examined.

Why eye exams are important for diabetes patients.

Background: Recently, the entity of retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP) as a subtype of exudative age-related macular degeneration was described, but no treatment options have been established as yet. The only two therapeutic modalities being discussed are surgical lysis of the feeding arteriole and draining venule, and the use of photodynamic therapy combined with intravitreal triamcinolone injection.Aim: To examine focal laser treatment of early extrafoveal intraretinal neovascularisation of RAP.Methods: Prospective case series. We included 13 consecutive patients with an extrafoveal RAP stage I lesion. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmic examination, including fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) III before treatment and at 2 weeks, 1, 2 and 4 months afterwards. In cases with marked macular oedema (>350 textgreekmm retinal thickening in OCT III, r = 12), intravitreal injection of 4 mg triamcinolone was given before focal laser treatment to reduce the oedema.Results: This case series indicates anatomical improvement or stabilisation in patients with an extrafoveal RAP lesion after treatment. Initial visual acuity ranged from 0.1 to 0.6 on the Snellen chart. By calculating logarithmic values, visual acuity was seen to be improved in five cases (2 to 5 log lines), deteriorated in four cases (-2 to 5 log lines) and stabilised in four cases (-1 to +1 log line change). Exudation on fluorescein angiography was stopped in 11 cases.Conclusions: This preliminary case series suggests laser photocoagulation combined with prior intravitreal triamcinolone injection as a viable treatment option for RAP stage I. In cases with marked macular oedema, intravitreal triamcinolone injection improved visual acuity. For long-term stabilisation, additional laser treatment is mandatory. These preliminary results warrant a more detailed prospective clinical trial.