Podcasts about grand central station

For this year's annual Bowery Boys Ghost Stories podcast, Greg and Tom take a road trip to Long Island to explore the region's most famous haunted tales from legend and folklore, 'real' reported stories of otherworldly encounters that have shaped this historic area of New York state.When you think of Long Island and scary stories, your mind might immediately go to the Amityville Horror houseor perhaps even the Montauk Monster. But let us introduce you to a series of far older stories which incorporate Long Island's extraordinary history:-- The Sag Harbor Goblin: A restless soldier from the Revolutionary War period harasses the residents of this charming Hamptons retreat.-- The Wraiths of Raynham Hall: In Oyster Bay, a beloved landmark is sometimes called 'the Grand Central Station for ghosts' thanks to its population of historic spirits -- including that of a famed Revolutionary War traitor!-- The Bolt From Beyond: Winfield Hall is better known as the Woolworths Estate, best known for its eccentric owner Frank Winfield Woolworth. But the house is also known for a series of unfortunate events -- and the secrets which its marble hallways may still hold.-- Dancing In The Ghost Light: The Gateway Playhouse in Bellport celebrates 75 years of regional theater this year -- and a few ghosts have returned to join the party.-- The Hermitage of the Red Owl: A spooky tale of folklore in Brentwood, featuring a utopian community, a talking bird and the ancient, unburied bones of a warrior.This episode was produced and edited by Kieran GannonGet tickets to our LIVE Halloween show at Joe's Pub here (Oct 29-31, 2025) Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Un reciente hallazgo arqueológico en la laguna de Venecia, que ha sacado a la luz un criadero de ostras romano del siglo I d.C., ha abierto un interesante debate en 'Herrera en COPE'. En 'Curiosidades de la Historia', la historiadora Ana Velasco ha explicado cómo muchos alimentos que hoy consideramos un lujo, en el pasado estaban asociados a la pobreza. Aunque en la antigua Roma las ostras sí eran un producto elitista que se cultivaba en 'ostriariums', su estatus cambió radicalmente tras la caída del imperio.Las ostras pasaron a ser una comida barata y abundante, consumida por las clases más humildes. "En Estados Unidos, y también en las playas británicas y francesas, había muchísimas ostras", ha señalado Velasco. Se popularizaron los bares de ostras en estaciones como Grand Central Station en Nueva York, donde los trabajadores podían tomar un tentempié proteico a bajo coste. Lejos de ser un manjar, eran vistas como "algo para obreros".La langosta es otro caso ...

Had ended campaign for re-election because of poor health Putnam County Sheriff Kevin McConville, who had decided against running for a second term in November because of poor health, died at his Cold Spring home on Aug. 22. McConville, 68, was elected as a Republican in 2021, defeating Democratic incumbent Robert Langley Jr. with 57 percent of the vote. The sheriff began his career in law enforcement as a Cold Spring police officer and rose to become chief of the Metropolitan Transportation Authority police force. He ran unsuccessfully for Putnam sheriff in 2009 as a Democrat and in 2013 as a Republican. Following the sheriff's death, County Executive Kevin Byrne ordered flags flown at half-staff. A funeral service was held at Our Lady of Loretto in Cold Spring on Wednesday (Aug. 27). Andres Gil, chair of the county's Republican Committee, said earlier this month that although McConville ended his re-election campaign in June, his name would remain on the ballot because state election law prevents political parties from replacing a candidate except if they die or are disqualified. Photos by Ross Corsair With McConville's death, the party had 10 days to file a certificate with the Board of Elections naming a new candidate. On Thursday, the Republican Committee announced it would submit the name of Undersheriff Brian Hess, who was appointed to the position by McConville on Aug. 13, following the retirement of Thomas Lindert. There is no Democratic candidate, but Larry Burke, a Cold Spring police officer, is running as an independent on the Serve & Protect party line. Statement from Undersheriff Brian Hess It is with deep sadness that the Putnam County Sheriff's Office announces the passing of Sheriff Kevin J. McConville on Aug. 22, 2025. Sheriff McConville began his tenure on Jan. 1, 2022, after being elected to a four-year term. Prior to becoming sheriff, McConville had served with the MTA Police Department for 30 years, beginning as a patrolman and rising through the ranks and retiring as the chief. He worked during the 9/11 terror attacks and served as chief during the London and Madrid bombings on their commuter transport system, implementing plans and responses in incident reduction and management. A lifelong resident of Putnam County, as sheriff he worked diligently to improve the working conditions for the men and women of the department so they could better serve the residents of the county. His accomplishments included achieving DCJS (Division of Criminal Justice Services) state accreditation in law enforcement, obtaining a new records management system, improving radio communication systems to greatly reduce areas of poor reception and obtaining newer vehicles. Sheriff McConville devoted his life to serving others with integrity, courage and compassion. Our hearts are heavy as we stand with the McConville family, but we will honor his legacy with pride and continue the mission that we have to serve and protect Putnam County. McConville was a lifelong resident of Cold Spring; his late father, Ronald, served as mayor. According to an obituary posted by Clinton Funeral Home, McConville graduated from Haldane High School in 1975 before earning bachelor's and master's degrees from Marist College (now Marist University). In 1982, he married his high school sweetheart, Janice Brigati, and they raised their three children in the same house he grew up in. McConville worked for 30 years for the MTA Police Department, beginning his career as a patrol officer and rising to become chief in 2005. During his tenure, he created the Interagency Counter Terrorism Team, worked with the FBI and members of the Joint Terrorism Task Force and created a 50-team K-9 unit. He managed the MTA Police response at Grand Central Station on Sept. 11, 2001. After retiring as chief in 2008, McConville served for 12 years as director of security at what is now NewYork-Presbyterian Hudson Valley Hospital in Cortla...

When the little boy said the emperor was naked, he wasn't telling them anything they didn't already know. But he added to their knowledge nonetheless. By blurting out what everyone could see within earshot of the others, he ensured that everyone knew that everyone else knew what they knew, that everyone knew that, and so on. And that changed their relationship with the emperor from obsequious deference to ridicule and scorn.当那个小男孩说皇帝没穿衣服时，他并没有告诉大家他们原本不知道的事情。但他仍然在一定程度上增加了他们的认知。因为他当众喊出大家都能看到的事实，让所有人都知道了其他人也知道他们所知道的，而所有人也知道这一点，如此循环往复。于是，这改变了他们对皇帝的态度——从谄媚恭敬转为嘲笑与蔑视。Hans Christian Andersen's immortal story draws on a momentous logical distinction. With private knowledge, I know something, and you know it. With common knowledge, I know that fact, and you know it, but in addition, I know that you know it, and you know that I know it, and I know that you know that I know it, ad infinitum. Of course, the reason that common knowledge is significant is that it is essential for coordination.安徒生这篇不朽的故事揭示了一个重要的逻辑区别：在“私有知识”中，我知道某件事，你也知道它。而在“公共知识”中，我知道这个事实，你也知道，但除此之外，我知道你知道它，你也知道我知道它，我还知道你知道我知道它，如此无限递归。当然，“公共知识”之所以重要，是因为它对于协调行动至关重要。In a classic example from Thomas Schelling, a couple is separated in Manhattan, incommunicado, and somehow must find each other. Well he knows that she likes to browse the aisles of certain bookstore, so he heads there. But then he realizes that she knows that he likes to hang out in a certain camera store, so he changes course until he figures that she will anticipate that he will guess that she will opt for the bookstore. So he does another about face, only for it to dawn on him that it will occur to her that he knows that she is aware that he likes to haunt the bookstore, so he pirouettes once again. Meanwhile, she is whipsawed by the same futile empathy. Nothing short of common knowledge can guarantee that they'll end up at the same place and at the same time.托马斯·谢林的一个经典例子是：一对情侣在曼哈顿走散，无法联系，但必须想办法找到对方。男方知道女方喜欢逛某家书店，于是往那边走；但他又想到，女方知道他喜欢待在某家相机店，于是改道过去；接着他又推测，女方可能会预料到他会猜她会选择书店，于是他再次掉头；然而他又意识到，女方可能会想到他知道她清楚他喜欢去书店，于是他又转回去。与此同时，女方也在被同样无休止的推测折腾着。除了“公共知识”，没有任何东西能确保他们在同一时间出现在同一地点。Of course, no one can think an infinite Russian doll of “I know that she knows that I know that she knows” thoughts. Our heads start to spin with three or four layers, let alone an infinite number.当然，没有人能在脑中无限套娃地思考“我知道她知道我知道她知道”这种想法。三四层就足以让人头晕，更别说无限层了。In a well-known episode of "Friends," Phoebe says to Rachel, “They don't know we know they know we know. Joey, you can't say anything!"在著名美剧《老友记》的一集中，菲比对瑞秋说：“他们不知道我们知道他们知道我们知道。乔伊，你什么也不能说！”And he replies, "I couldn't even if I wanted to!"乔伊回答：“我就算想说，也说不出来！”Instead, common knowledge can be captured in a simple mental intuition that something is public or conspicuous or out there, and that can be conveyed by direct speech. In the case of our separated couple, a cell phone call. Indeed, solving coordination dilemmas may be the reason that language evolved in our species in the first place.实际上，“公共知识”可以通过一种简单的心理直觉来获得——某事是公开的、显而易见的、众所周知的——而这种状态可以通过直接的语言传递。在走散情侣的例子中，一个电话就足够了。事实上，解决协调困境可能正是人类语言最初演化的原因之一。In the absence of a public event, the next best thing is conspicuous salience, or a focal point. Schelling suggests that our couple might gravitate toward the big clock in Grand Central Station, even if it wasn't particularly close to the point at which they'd been separated, simply because each might anticipate that it would pop into the mind of the other.如果没有公共事件，次优的选择是明显的“显著性”或“焦点”。谢林建议，这对情侣可能会选择去中央车站的大钟下见面，即使它离他们走散的地方并不近，仅仅是因为他们都可能想到对方会首先想到这个地方。A third solution is a convention. A tacit agreement to do something in a certain way for no other reason than they have agreed to do it that way, which is reason enough. Our separated couple might agree that should they ever be separated in the future, they will adopt the convention of chivalry and go to the bookstore. Or patriarchy, and go to the camera store. Or whimsy, and go to a lost-and-found in a department store. Or fairness, and take turns or flip coins.第三种解决方式是“约定”。即双方默契地同意以某种方式行事，唯一的理由就是他们已经同意了这样做，而这本身就足够了。这对走散的情侣可能会约定，如果以后再走散，就按照“骑士精神”去书店；或者按照“男权主义”去相机店；又或者凭“异想天开”去百货商店的失物招领处；或者讲求“公平”，轮流决定或抛硬币来定。

Namaste and Welcome to a brand new episode! This week, we are returning with my new segment - Unscrolled Weekly! Each week, I take a little break from all the chaos around me to explore the stories that really got me thinking — from big world events to small ideas that still have huge impact.Whether it's something I read, watched, or just couldn't stop wondering about, I'll be sharing it here. Every episode, I'll pick one topic that really caught my attention — something from the news, science, history, or even everyday life — dive into it, do a bit of digging, and share my take.This week, we will dive into the heart of New York City. Home to iconic landmarks like Broadway, Times Square, The Empire State Building, Grand Central Station and so much more! I will share the history, food, culture, iconic landmarks and my own personal experiences based on travelling there by myself!Tune In to this episode to find out more!Instagram: @samarthchittaTwitter: @samarthchittaEmail: samarth.chitta@gmail.com

Send us a textChristopher Reeve soars into cinema history in 1978's "Superman," a groundbreaking film that established the superhero blockbuster format we know today. Before Marvel, before Batman's dark reinvention, this was the movie that convinced audiences a man could truly fly.What makes this film so captivating decades later isn't just its place in history, but how it fearlessly embraces both cosmic scale and intimate humanity. From the crystalline landscapes of Krypton to the bustling newsroom of the Daily Planet, the film takes viewers on a journey that feels both alien and deeply familiar. Reeve's performance remains the gold standard for superhero portrayals - his ability to transform between the regal Man of Steel and the bumbling Clark Kent with nothing more than posture, voice, and confidence is a masterclass in acting that later Superman actors still measure themselves against.The film's vintage charm extends to its supporting cast and villainous plot. Margot Kidder's Lois Lane balances professional ambition with romantic vulnerability, while Gene Hackman's Lex Luthor occupies an underground lair beneath Grand Central Station that ranks among cinema's most memorable villain headquarters. The special effects, revolutionary for their time, might seem quaint today but still evoke wonder in their creativity and ambition. When Superman reverses Earth's rotation to turn back time - a moment of pure comic book logic - the film confidently embraces its fantastical nature rather than apologizing for it.Superman (1978) wasn't constrained by established superhero formulas because it was creating them. This freedom allowed for creative choices that modern superhero films might shy away from, yet they contribute to the film's enduring charm. Want to understand why superhero films dominate today's box office? Look no further than this pioneering classic that made us all believe a man could fly. Watch (or rewatch) it today and experience the birth of a genre that would eventually reshape cinema itself.Twitter handles:Project Geekology: https://twitter.com/pgeekologyAnthony's Twitter: https://twitter.com/odysseyswowDakota's Twitter: https://twitter.com/geekritique_dakInstagram:https://instagram.com/projectgeekology?igshid=1v0sits7ipq9yYouTube:https://www.youtube.com/@projectgeekologyGeekritique (Dakota):https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCBwciIqOoHwIx_uXtYTSEbASupport the show

Two stories from Alcoholics Anonymous world services inc. Box 459 , Grand Central Station, New York, NY 10163 Came to Believe we take two stories on the subject Philosophical

Show notes (TRUMP The Art of The Deal detailed book summary) / Free Full Audiobook / PDF & Infographic / IN THIS EPISODE: Trump's The Art of the Deal offers a strategic blueprint for business success by combining bold thinking, calculated risk management, and a game-like approach to professional challenges. TOPICS: negotiation, entrepreneurship, real estate, Risk management, Marketing, business, Trump, deal-making KEY FIGURES: Apple, Elon Musk, Donald Trump, Amazon, Rich Dad Poor Dad, Robert Greene, The 48 Laws of Power, Think and Grow Rich, Chris Voss, The Art of the Deal, Robert Kiyosaki, Never Split the Difference, Roger Fisher, Getting to Yes, Napoleon Hill, Queens, Brooklyn, Atlantic City, Fred Trump, Manhattan, Tony Schwartz, Trump Tower, Grand Central Station, Baron Hilton, Fifth Avenue, Wharton School, Harvard, Grand Hyatt Hotel SUMMARY: Donald Trump's book 'The Art of the Deal' offers 11 strategic principles for successful business negotiations and deal-making. The book, written when Trump was 41, draws from his experiences transforming Manhattan's real estate landscape through projects like Trump Tower and the Grand Hyatt Hotel renovation. Trump emphasizes thinking big, managing risk, and understanding human psychology as key elements of successful deal-making. The Art of The Deal's core strategies include maintaining flexibility in negotiations, gathering direct market intelligence, strategically using media attention, and protecting downside risks while preserving upside potential. Trump advocates for an approach that involves working on multiple deals simultaneously, understanding what motivates people, and never appearing desperate during negotiations. He also stresses the importance of delivering genuine value and maintaining long-term relationships with partners and clients. Beyond practical business advice, Trump presents a philosophical approach to deal-making that views business as an engaging game rather than merely a means of making money in The Art of The Deal. He encourages entrepreneurs to enjoy the process of solving complex problems, maintaining creative energy, and focusing on challenges that others cannot solve. The book ultimately suggests that successful dealmakers combine ambitious thinking with careful risk management, psychological insight, and a commitment to consistently delivering value. KEY QUOTES: • "If you're going to think anyway, you might as well think big." - Donald Trump • "Money was never [my] big motivation except as a way to keep score. The real excitement is playing the game." - Donald Trump • "Protect the downside and the upside will take care of itself." - Donald Trump • "Be good to people who are good to you, but fight back hard when people treat you badly or unfairly." - Donald Trump • "You can create excitement and use promotion effectively, but if you don't deliver the goods, people will eventually catch on." - Donald Trump KEY TAKEAWAYS: • Think big and aim for ambitious goals: Setting larger objectives requires similar effort to small goals but can yield significantly better results and attract more attention • Protect against downside risks while maintaining unlimited upside potential: Smart deal-making involves structuring arrangements that limit potential losses while preserving opportunities for significant gains • Create strategic leverage by maintaining multiple options and avoiding appearing desperate in negotiations: Having alternative opportunities gives you more negotiating power and psychological advantage • Gather market intelligence through direct human interactions rather than relying solely on traditional market research: Personal conversations can reveal nuanced insights about customer preferences and market dynamics • Deliver genuine value consistently: Long-term success depends on actually fulfilling promises and providing real quality, not just creating marketing hype... (Continue here: ⁠Show notes) Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Red Carpet Ho: Celebrities and the PR ShitshowFor the past 15 years, pop culture journalist Nadja Sayej has interviewed over 200 celebrities, from A-listers to D-listers, 1980s heartthrobs to Instagram superstars and global icons. This compilation includes her best backstage stories from the red carpet, film festivals, art fairs and beyond, uncut and never seen before. In 25 candid short stories about her moments with the stars, she dishes on dinner with Kanye West in Miami, interviewing Salma Hayek in Venice and lunching with Steve Martin in Grand Central Station. Featuring backstage access over the past 10 years (2010 to 2020), it's a peek into how she scored her major interviews with stars like Kathleen Turner, Spike Lee and Karl Lagerfeld, as well as what it has been like attending A-list events like Heidi Klum's legendary Halloween party. This is all driven by her snarky observations, with photos taken by the female gaze. This book is released ahead of the 100 year anniversary of the red carpet, which is celebrated in 2022.Want to be a guest on Book 101 Review? Send Daniel Lucas a message on PodMatch, here: https://www.podmatch.com/hostdetailpreview/17372807971394464fea5bae3 Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In the fall of 1940, an employ of the Consolidated Edison Company in Manhattan discovered a bomb in the company's main offices, along with a note that read “Con Edison crooks – this is for you.” The bomb was discovered before it detonated and no one was harmed, but a year later the company received a second bomb, followed by a note to NYPD in which the bomber announced he would make no bombs for the duration of WWII, but would begin again as the war ended.As promised, a new series of bombings began across New York in the winter of 1951, beginning with an explosion at Grand Central Station. In the five years that followed, “The Mad Bomber,” as he would come to be known, would place explosives at some of New York's most iconic locations including Radio City Music Hall, Penn Station, and the New York Public Library. The bombs were often followed by cryptic letters sent to the press, usually referencing the Consolidated Edison Company.Th Mad Bomber's reign of terror finally came to an end with his capture in 1957, and neither the suspect nor his motives made much sense to the New Yorkers who'd lived in fear for five years.Thank you to the Incredible Dave White of Bring Me the Axe Podcast for research and Writing support!ReferencesAssociated Press. 1955. "The 'Mad Bomber' threatens Macy's." Buffalo News, May 5: 47.—. 1957. "'Bomber' sick but innocent, sisters say." Newsday, Janaury 22: 3.Baird, John, and Harry Schlegal. 1956. "Mad Bomber blast in B'klyn movie; 6 hurt." Daily News, December 3: 2.Berger, Meyer. 1957. "Bomber is booked; sent to Bellevue for mental tests." New York Times, January 23: 1.Demeusy, Gerald. 1981. "'Bomber' says life all broken dreams." Hartford Courant, November 16: 15.Greenburg, Michael M. 2011. The Mad Bomber of New York: The Extraordinary True Story of the Manhunt That Paralyzed a City. New York, NY: Union Square Press.Kaufman, Michael. 1973. "'Mad Bomber,' now 70, goes free." New York Times, December 13: 1.New York Times. 1957. "2d 'Bomber' note cites old injury." New York Times, January 16: 25.—. 1953. "A homemade bomb rips station locker." New York Times, May 7: 28.—. 1951. "Bomb blast in terminal: Homemade device explodes in Grand Central--no one is hurt." New York Times, March 30: 24.—. 1954. "Bomb in music hall injures 4 in crowd." New York Times, November 8: 1.—. 1951. "Bomb laid to prankster." New York Times, September 13: 33.—. 1957. "'Bomber' ordered to state hospital." New York Times, April 19: 44.—. 1957. "'Bomber' presses threat on utility." New York Times, January 11: 16.—. 1951. "Ex-Edison worker held in bomb case." New York Times, November 7: 32.—. 1966. "'Mad Bomber' to get hearing on sanity." New York Times, April 29: 17.—. 1957. "Metesky indicted on bomb charges." New York Times, January 31: 29.—. 1955. "Penn Station bomb blast is ignored by commuters." New York Times, Janaury 12: 11.—. 1951. "Police find bomb in Paramount Lounge; note spurs search for one at Penn Station." New York Times, October 23: 30.—. 1957. "Suspect is held as 'Mad Bomber'; he admits role." New York Times, January 22: 1.—. 1956. "The Mad Bomber." New York Times, December 30: B2.O'Kane, Lawrence. 1955. "Bomb left in Roxy; linked to 22 others." New York Times, August 12: 1.Parke, Richard. 1957. "Sisters shocked, loyal to brother." New York Times, January 23: 20.Sheridan, Mike. 1977. "Former Mad Bomber now a homebody." Hartford Courant, May 1: 22.Stay in the know - wondery.fm/morbid-wondery.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

In the fall of 1940, an employ of the Consolidated Edison Company in Manhattan discovered a bomb in the company's main offices, along with a note that read “Con Edison crooks – this is for you.” The bomb was discovered before it detonated and no one was harmed, but a year later the company received a second bomb, followed by a note to NYPD in which the bomber announced he would make no bombs for the duration of WWII, but would begin again as the war ended.As promised, a new series of bombings began across New York in the winter of 1951, beginning with an explosion at Grand Central Station. In the five years that followed, “The Mad Bomber,” as he would come to be known, would place explosives at some of New York's most iconic locations including Radio City Music Hall, Penn Station, and the New York Public Library. The bombs were often followed by cryptic letters sent to the press, usually referencing the Consolidated Edison Company.Th Mad Bomber's reign of terror finally came to an end with his capture in 1957, and neither the suspect nor his motives made much sense to the New Yorkers who'd lived in fear for five years.Thank you to the Incredible Dave White of Bring Me the Axe Podcast for research and Writing support!ReferencesAssociated Press. 1955. "The 'Mad Bomber' threatens Macy's." Buffalo News, May 5: 47.—. 1957. "'Bomber' sick but innocent, sisters say." Newsday, Janaury 22: 3.Baird, John, and Harry Schlegal. 1956. "Mad Bomber blast in B'klyn movie; 6 hurt." Daily News, December 3: 2.Berger, Meyer. 1957. "Bomber is booked; sent to Bellevue for mental tests." New York Times, January 23: 1.Demeusy, Gerald. 1981. "'Bomber' says life all broken dreams." Hartford Courant, November 16: 15.Greenburg, Michael M. 2011. The Mad Bomber of New York: The Extraordinary True Story of the Manhunt That Paralyzed a City. New York, NY: Union Square Press.Kaufman, Michael. 1973. "'Mad Bomber,' now 70, goes free." New York Times, December 13: 1.New York Times. 1957. "2d 'Bomber' note cites old injury." New York Times, January 16: 25.—. 1953. "A homemade bomb rips station locker." New York Times, May 7: 28.—. 1951. "Bomb blast in terminal: Homemade device explodes in Grand Central--no one is hurt." New York Times, March 30: 24.—. 1954. "Bomb in music hall injures 4 in crowd." New York Times, November 8: 1.—. 1951. "Bomb laid to prankster." New York Times, September 13: 33.—. 1957. "'Bomber' ordered to state hospital." New York Times, April 19: 44.—. 1957. "'Bomber' presses threat on utility." New York Times, January 11: 16.—. 1951. "Ex-Edison worker held in bomb case." New York Times, November 7: 32.—. 1966. "'Mad Bomber' to get hearing on sanity." New York Times, April 29: 17.—. 1957. "Metesky indicted on bomb charges." New York Times, January 31: 29.—. 1955. "Penn Station bomb blast is ignored by commuters." New York Times, Janaury 12: 11.—. 1951. "Police find bomb in Paramount Lounge; note spurs search for one at Penn Station." New York Times, October 23: 30.—. 1957. "Suspect is held as 'Mad Bomber'; he admits role." New York Times, January 22: 1.—. 1956. "The Mad Bomber." New York Times, December 30: B2.O'Kane, Lawrence. 1955. "Bomb left in Roxy; linked to 22 others." New York Times, August 12: 1.Parke, Richard. 1957. "Sisters shocked, loyal to brother." New York Times, January 23: 20.Sheridan, Mike. 1977. "Former Mad Bomber now a homebody." Hartford Courant, May 1: 22.Stay in the know - wondery.fm/morbid-wondery.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

Discover how growing up in a bustling, love-filled St. Louis home shaped Tim Sater's approach to leadership and life. As the youngest of eight, Tim shares stories of his parents' kindness, the open-door policy that earned their house the nickname “Grand Central Station,” and the lessons he carries into his role as Vice President of Marketing at AAIM Employers Association. Hear how Tim's global career in marketing taught him the value of being a lifelong learner and the importance of building genuine connections. This episode is full of warmth, practical wisdom, and inspiration for anyone seeking to make a difference in their community and workplace.Guest Links:Tim's LinkedInAAIM Employers' AssociationCredits: Host: Lisa NicholsExecutive Producer: Jenny HealMarketing Support: Landon Burke and Joe SzynkowskiPodcast Engineer: Portside Media

Jesus' ministry lasted about 3-and-a-half years, we think. The Two Witnesses of Revelation will preach for just that long. Three-and-a-half years also just happens to be the duration of the drought in Israel during the ministry of Elijah. There are a lot of things coming together in the passage we're about to read. Revelation has been called the "Grand Central Station of Scripture" for good reason. We'll start in Chapter 11. Jim's ready with a message called, Two for Forty-Two. Listen to Right Start Radio every Monday through Friday on WCVX 1160AM (Cincinnati, OH) at 9:30am, WHKC 91.5FM (Columbus, OH) at 5:00pm, WRFD 880AM (Columbus, OH) at 9:00am. Right Start can also be heard on One Christian Radio 107.7FM & 87.6FM in New Plymouth, New Zealand. You can purchase a copy of this message, unsegmented for broadcasting and in its entirety, for $7 on a single CD by calling +1 (800) 984-2313, and of course you can always listen online or download the message for free. RS05142025_0.mp3Scripture References: Revelation 10-11

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What topic would you like us to cover next?Marketing a TV show in today's crowded streaming world requires more than just trailers and billboards - it demands innovative thinking that captures attention and builds genuine connection. That's exactly what we explore in this fascinating conversation with Courtney Milne from our team at Prohibition, who unpacks the brilliant marketing strategy behind Apple TV's hit show Severance.Severance isn't just a compelling dystopian drama about corporate life gone wrong; it's a masterclass in how thoughtful, world-building marketing can transform a high-concept show into a cultural phenomenon. We take a look into the show's premise - a workplace where employees undergo a procedure that surgically separates their work memories from their personal lives—and how this unique concept lends itself to memorable marketing activations.From creating a fully functioning LinkedIn profile for the fictional Lumon Industries (complete with propaganda and fake job listings that attracted over 87,000 followers) to publishing an actual self-help book featured in the show, the Severance marketing team extended the show's universe into our reality. The crown jewel of their strategy? A stunning glass box installation in Grand Central Station where the actual cast performed as their characters without scripts, generating over £5 million in earned media value from a single activation.What makes this approach so effective is its commitment to analogue marketing in our digital age. Rather than relying solely on online promotion, Severance created tangible experiences - like special vinyl soundtrack releases with "innie" and "outie" editions containing fictional company artifacts. The result? Severance overtook Ted Lasso as Apple TV's most streamed show through organic word-of-mouth growth.Whether you're a fan of the show or a marketing professional looking for fresh inspiration, this episode offers valuable insights into how the most powerful marketing doesn't just promote content - it creates immersive worlds that audiences want to be part of. Ready to sever your connection with conventional marketing wisdom? Listen now and discover how thinking outside the digital box can create true cultural impact.Is your marketing strategy ready for 2025? Book a free 15-min discovery call with Chris to get tailored insights to boost your brand's growth.

Benson and Stabler look for a man who impersonated a cop on the phone and tricked a man into strip searching his employee. The trail leads to Merritt Rook (Robin Williams, in an Emmy-nominated performance), who squares off in court against Novak and wins an acquittal. Rook becomes a folk hero, saying we've all become sheep to authority. He organizes a flash mob in Grand Central Station where he kidnaps Olivia. Elliot tracks Rook to a recording studio where he's holding his partner. Stabler hears Benson's shrieks of pain from electric shocks, but they're only sound effects. As the detectives arrest him, this supervillain has one more trick up his sleeve: he activates an explosive that blows up the studio and gets away. Benson and Stabler chase him to the banks of the East River, but Rook vanishes, never to be seen again.We're talking about SVU's 200th episode: season nine, episode 17, “Authority.” Our guest from our February 27, 2019 show is Michelle Rubenstein from the "It Takes Three podcast" network. This episode was inspired by a 2004 phone scam at a Kentucky McDonald's. NEW EPISODES OF "THESE ARE THEIR STORIES" RETURN JULY 9!For exclusive content from Kevin and Rebecca, sign up on Patreon.

Hamas friendly US protesters decided shutting down Grand Central Station would be a good idea plus environmentalists have no come after…..pet dogs. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Hamas-friendly US protesters decided shutting down Grand Central Station would be a good idea; plus environmentalists have to come after…..pet dogs.

He observed our society from up close as an advertising man -- and then became an iconic storyteller on Twitter. Ramakrishna Desiraju aka Ramki joins Amit Varma in episode 415 of The Seen and the Unseen to talk about his journey, and all that it taught him. (FOR FULL LINKED SHOW NOTES, GO TO SEENUNSEEN.IN.) Also check out: 1. Ramakrishna Desiraju aka Ramki on LinkedIn and Twitter. 2. Cartwheel Creative Consultancy. 3. Selected legendary threads by Ramki. 4. Ramki's commercial for Kotak Mahindra Bank featuring Ranveer Singh. 5. Celluloid Man -- Shivendra Singh Dungarpur. 6. The Secret Life of Walter Mitty -- James Thurber. 7. Mungerilal Ke Haseen Sapne -- Prakash Jha. 8. All We Imagine as Light -- Payal Kapadia. 9. Heere Ko Kya Pata -- SBI Life Insurance commercial by Prasoon Pandey. 10. The Prem Panicker Files — Episode 217 of The Seen and the Unseen. 11. Dead Poet's Society -- Peter Weir. 12. The Spectacular Life of Prahlad Kakar -- Episode 414 of The Seen and the Unseen. 13. Rumble Fish -- Francis Ford Coppola. 14. John Collison's tweet on the world being a museum of passion projects. 15. The Fisher King -- Terry Gilliam. 16. The Grand Central Station scene from The Fisher KIng. 17. The Wheel commercial with Govinda. 18. Alchemy: The Surprising Power of Ideas That Don't Make Sense -- Rory Sutherland. 19. Hausla Hai Toh Ho Jayega -- Kotak commercial. 20. Anora -- Sean Baker. 21. Dr Seuss, Roald Dahl and John le Carre on Amazon. 22. The Grapes of Wrath -- John Steinbeck. 23. Perfect Days -- Wim Wenders. 24. Dance Dance For the Halva Waala — Episode 294 of The Seen and the Unseen (w Jai Arjun Singh and Subrat Mohanty). 25. Chhannulal Mishra on Spotify and YouTube. Amit Varma and Ajay Shah have launched a new course called Life Lessons, which aims to be a launchpad towards learning essential life skills all of you need. For more details, and to sign up, click here. Amit and Ajay also bring out a weekly YouTube show, Everything is Everything. Have you watched it yet? You must! And have you read Amit's newsletter? Subscribe right away to The India Uncut Newsletter! It's free! Also check out Amit's online course, The Art of Clear Writing. Episode art: ‘Waves' by Simahina.

Allison Morris, Political Commentator and Columnist with the Belfast Telegraph and Deirdre Heenan, Professor of Social Policy at Ulster University

041025 Hudson Helicopter Crash, Market Tanks on Tariff Threat, Pro-Gaza protest Closes Grand Central Station by The News with Paul DeRienzo

Tune in here to this Tuesday's edition of the Brett Winterble Show! Brett kicks off the program by talking about President Trump’s firm stance on tariffs and the ongoing trade tensions with China.Brett emphasizes that Trump’s actions are aligned with his campaign promises to secure better trade deals and protect American interests. Brett also critiques the Democratic Party's direction, highlighting their struggles and contrasting it with Trump’s assertiveness. We're Joined By Gordan G Chang to discuss President Trump’s firm stance on tariffs, particularly toward China. Chang praises Trump for confronting long-standing trade issues that previous administrations avoided, noting that while the decision may come at a political cost, it could ultimately benefit America. He emphasizes that, economically, the U.S. holds the upper hand due to its larger economy and trade deficit with China. Chang explains that China's retaliation options are limited and predicts that American companies will shift their supply chains out of China, reducing the impact on consumers. Lastly Robert Spencer joins Brett to talk about his new book, Antisemitism: History and Myth, and the growing radical protests in the U.S., particularly the takeover at Grand Central Station. Spencer explains that such protests are meant to instill fear and intimidate the public into submission, with their ultimate goal being the destruction of Israel. He links these radical actions to Islamic teachings and leftist tactics, arguing that the violence and hatred are rooted in an uncompromising ideology. Spencer also traces the origins of this radicalism to events like 9/11 and emphasizes the difficulty of negotiating with those who hold such extreme views. Beth Troutman from Good Morning BT is also here for this Tuesday's episode of Crossing the Streams. Brett and Beth talk about the fast-paced nature of current events, noting how rapidly information and policies change in today’s political climate. Beth highlights the overwhelming speed at which news cycles move, making it difficult to keep up with every evolving story. They agree that the government likely has specialized teams monitoring various issues like tariffs, military budgets, and foreign relations, managing them simultaneously. Beth also shares what She and Bo have coming up Wednesday on Good Morning BT! Listen here for all of this and more on The Brett Winterble Show! For more from Brett Winterble check out his YouTube channel.See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Gavin Robinson talks to Nolan

TUV MLA Timothy Gaston and SDLP Cllr Carl Whyte discuss

On this Friday edition of Sid & Friends in the Morning, Sid takes the show on the road a whole seven blocks down third avenue to Pershing Square Café across from Grand Central Station on 42nd Street. Sid covers all the pertinent news of the day, including Mayor Eric Adams' appearance on the Cats & Cosby radio program last night, President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy's trip to the White House to meet with President Trump regarding Ukraine's war against Russia, pro-Palestinian protesters continue their takeover at Barnard College, and Attorney General Pam Bondi releasing the classified Jeffrey Epstein files. Anthony D'Esposito, K.T. McFarland, Stephen A. Smith, Curtis Sliwa, Joe Tacopina, Cory Zelnik and Evan Bass join Sid on this special remote Friday installment of Sid & Friends in the Morning, sponsored by our good friends over at Grand Central Men's Health. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

In this episode, Kathryn talks with Ari Sheinkin, CMO, IBM Consulting, discussing how data and testing unleashes creative potential. Ari dives into the 'data first' principle at IBM, the importance of understanding customers through data, and how this approach impacts marketing decisions. He also talks about an exciting campaign at Grand Central Station and how AI is improving campaigns. Guest Quote:So a lot of the data science that I'm spending time now back with my old team is the idea of buying groups.  And the complexity of the buying dynamics when you have to message and engage with 17 different stakeholders and all their influencers at the same time.  And there's some really good insight that's come out of it, for instance, for us, is if we can get to four members or more of the buying group within 60 days, that's the trigger for us. Which we never really understood before. We thought there's lots of them, let's just throw our marketing out there. But it really ends up being what we call the four plus model. Four or more members of the buying group in 60 days on message, and we see a four times increase in our conversion rates.Episode Breakdown: [03:07] Alchemy Unveiled: The data science of buying committeesBuying committees are very complex and marketing to them can feel like a major challenge. Ari gives us insights into the data science that has transformed how they reach large groups of stakeholders. [12:26] From Nuggets to Campaign Gold: Grabbing attention in Grand Central StationTaking the tension out of the demand problem - don't rush straight to demand. Taking the approach to introduce yourself and share information, instead of selling, can drive engagement in an impressive way. [26:01] Gold Rush: There's no tension between data and creativity Data should never stop someone from being creative. It should allow creativity to exist in a testable framework, allowing for experimentation.  Links & Resources:Connect with KathrynConnect with AriLearn more about DeluxeLearn more about IBM

Grand Central Station 40-11-26 Revenge for Two

What if every Italian American carried a hidden musical talent just waiting to be discovered? Join us as we entertain this notion with our special guest, Vittorio Di Carlo, dubbed the Graceful Tenor, who brings his charm and a dash of operatic brilliance to the conversation. Together, we humorously ponder our genetic proximity to the legendary Caruso, share tales of family karaoke escapades, and envision the renaissance of leisure suits.Explore the magical fusion of pop opera, where the emotional intensity of opera meets the infectious energy of pop. With artists like Il Volo and Andrea Bocelli leading the charge, we unravel the structural elements that distinguish arias from songs and the role architecture plays in enhancing operatic performances. From the acoustics of San Carlo in Naples to the natural sound amplification of New York's Grand Central Station, our discussion offers a new appreciation for the timeless art of opera and its enduring appeal.Finally, embark on a nostalgic journey through Italian music festivals, particularly the iconic Sanremo, which has launched the careers of countless artists. We reminisce about the festival's transformation over the decades, its impact on Italian pop culture, and share personal anecdotes that highlight its cultural significance. Whether it's the serendipitous love story that united families across oceans or the blend of tradition and modernity within Italian American communities, this episode celebrates the spirit of music, love, and opportunity that thrives within our vibrant heritage.HIS SOCIALSInsta: @thegracefultenorofficialSpotify: https://open.spotify.com/artist/2x8MNXpPU2Z6bF9WWqD6L0?si=V7AePwP1QmOApxxCZo-zAA

Translink Chief Executive Chris Conway spoke to Mark Simpson.

'Bachelor' stars Matt James and Rachael Kirkconnell break up after 4 years together (Page Six) (23:56)Wendy Williams insists she's not 'cognitively impaired,' feles like she's 'in prison' in bombshell 'Breakfast Club' interview (Page Six) (32:08)Leighton Meester fans hype up actress' 'underappreciated' pop music to help her rebuild home after LA fires (Page Six) (38:07)Severance Cast Draws Huge Crowd in Grand Central Station to Promote Season 2 (PEOPLE) (47:25)Jen Shah's prison sentence reduced again (Page Six) (51:22)The Toast with Jackie (@JackieOshry) and Claudia Oshry (@girlwithnojob) Lean InThe Camper and The Counselor by Jackie OshryMerchThe Toast PatreonGirl With No Job by Claudia OshrySee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

MUSIC While most of its Grammy-related events have been canceled in light of the California wildfires, the Recording Academy says its MusiCares Person of the Year gala honoring the Grateful Dead will go on as planned for January 31st. Bruce Springsteen, Neil Young, Dave Grohl, Chris Martin of Coldplay and Slash have all donated autographed items to MusiCares Charity Relief Auction Dave Grohl spent his 56th birthday on Tuesday helping feed those affected by the Los Angeles fires Drake / Kendrick Lamar beef isn't over yet. Drake filed a defamation lawsuit against his own label, Universal Music. It's all about Kendrick's diss track "Not Like Us", in which he calls Drake a PEDOPHILE. Kenny Chesney has been teasing a big announcement for a while . . . and now people think that he's about to announce a residency at The Sphere in Las Vegas. Is Jelly Roll coming to a big screen near you? Maybe. Dissatisfied with the way the South is portrayed on film, Jelly would like to correct that. A new 'Bon Jovi: Forever' anthology book will arrive this June, authored and narrated by front man Jon Bon Jovi.   Coldplay has announced a new project called A Film For The Future, the 44-minute visual companion to their worldwide No. 1 album, Moon Music.        TV The second season of Severance comes to AppleTV+ tomorrow, and to promote, Ben Stiller and the cast of "Severance" made a surprise appearance at Grand Central Station. Yellowstone fans are raving about the new 6666 (pronounced "Four Sixes") Ranch Steakhouse in Las Vegas    AND FINALLY Everyone loved Betty White, except for a lot of people who actually knew her.  Sally Struthers is one of those that says Betty had a reputation for not being nice behind the scenes Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

MUSICWhile most of itsGrammy-related events have been canceled in light of the California wildfires,the Recording Academy says its MusiCares Person of the Year gala honoringthe Grateful Dead will go on as planned for January 31st.Bruce Springsteen, Neil Young, Dave Grohl, ChrisMartin of Coldplay and Slash have all donated autographeditems to MusiCares Charity Relief AuctionDave Grohl spent his 56th birthday on Tuesday helping feedthose affected by the Los Angeles firesDrake / Kendrick Lamar beef isn't overyet. Drake filed a defamation lawsuit against his ownlabel, Universal Music. It's all about Kendrick's diss track "NotLike Us", in which he calls Drake a PEDOPHILE. Kenny Chesney has been teasing a big announcement for awhile . . . and now people think that he's about to announce a residency at TheSphere in Las Vegas. Is Jelly Roll comingto a big screen near you? Maybe. Dissatisfied with the way the South isportrayed on film, Jelly would like to correct that.A new 'Bon Jovi:Forever' anthology book will arrive this June, authored and narrated by frontman Jon Bon Jovi.  Coldplay has announced anew project called A Film For The Future, the 44-minute visualcompanion to their worldwide No. 1 album, Moon Music.      TVThe second season ofSeverance comes to AppleTV+ tomorrow, and to promote, Ben Stiller and the cast of "Severance" madea surprise appearance at Grand Central Station. Yellowstone fans are raving about the new 6666 (pronounced"Four Sixes") Ranch Steakhouse in Las Vegas  AND FINALLYEveryone loved Betty White, except for a lot ofpeople who actually knew her.  Sally Struthers is one of those that says Betty had a reputation for not being nice behind the scenes Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoicesSee Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

In the world of nonprofits, the journey often begins with a single moment—an unexpected turn that forever alters the trajectory of one's life. For Karen Olson, founder and CEO Emeritus of Family Promise, that moment came when she reached out to a homeless woman outside Grand Central Station with a simple act of kindness—a ham and cheese sandwich and a heartfelt conversation. That exchange illuminated a path she had never envisioned, leading her from a corporate marketing career to a life dedicated to addressing family homelessness in America.In this recent conversation with host Julia Patrick, Karen shares how an impulse to connect with a stranger ultimately transformed not only her own life but also the lives of countless families across the country. "I knew at that point I had crossed an invisible line," she recalls. "I'd always wanted to help people, but I wasn't sure how. Meeting Millie changed that—I saw her humanity, and it moved me to action."That action led to FamilyPromise.org, an organization that now spans nearly 200 affiliates nationwide, providing critical support services, housing solutions, and volunteer-driven assistance to families experiencing homelessness. But as Karen shares, homelessness is often misunderstood. "For many people, homelessness is the man lying on the subway grate or the woman pushing a shopping cart," she explains. "But actually, 35% of all people experiencing homelessness are members of families—and they are invisible."Through Family Promise, Karen has harnessed the power of small acts of kindness, demonstrating how even the simplest gestures—like an early-morning latte given by a volunteer to a struggling mother—can have profound effects. "You never know how people can be moved by small acts of kindness," she reflects . . . . . "That's what changes lives."Karen's story serves as both a call to action and a reminder: Change does not require grand gestures—it begins with recognizing another's humanity, taking that first step, and allowing purpose to unfold. Learn more about Family Promise at familypromise.org and explore Karen Olson's book, Meant for More, at karenolsonauthor.com. #NonprofitLeadership #EndHomelessness #ActWithKindnessFind us Live daily on YouTube!Find us Live daily on LinkedIn!Find us Live daily on X: @Nonprofit_ShowOur national co-hosts and amazing guests discuss management, money and missions of nonprofits! 12:30pm ET 11:30am CT 10:30am MT 9:30am PTSend us your ideas for Show Guests or Topics: HelpDesk@AmericanNonprofitAcademy.comVisit us on the web:The Nonprofit Show

For listeners interested in cutting edge climate tech and investment opportunities for 2025, the Wall Street Green Summit is your one stop shop. My guest, Peter Fusaro, a leader in the clean tech sector, launched his first Summit in 2002. On today's episode Fusaro gives a preview of what will be happening at this year's gathering on March 18 and 19th, when leading investors, asset managers and founders in climate tech will convene to share their knowledge about clean energy solutions and solving new problems in sustainability. In our wide ranging conversation, Fusaro discusses his perspective that the train has left the station and climate tech innovations will continue during the next administration. The 24th Wall Street Green Summit: NYC, March 18-19th, in person only, at the Cornell Club (one block from Grand Central Station). TheWallStreetGreenSummit.com

Applications for the 2025 AI Engineer Summit are up, and you can save the date for AIE Singapore in April and AIE World's Fair 2025 in June.Happy new year, and thanks for 100 great episodes! Please let us know what you want to see/hear for the next 100!Full YouTube Episode with Slides/ChartsLike and subscribe and hit that bell to get notifs!Timestamps* 00:00 Welcome to the 100th Episode!* 00:19 Reflecting on the Journey* 00:47 AI Engineering: The Rise and Impact* 03:15 Latent Space Live and AI Conferences* 09:44 The Competitive AI Landscape* 21:45 Synthetic Data and Future Trends* 35:53 Creative Writing with AI* 36:12 Legal and Ethical Issues in AI* 38:18 The Data War: GPU Poor vs. GPU Rich* 39:12 The Rise of GPU Ultra Rich* 40:47 Emerging Trends in AI Models* 45:31 The Multi-Modality War* 01:05:31 The Future of AI Benchmarks* 01:13:17 Pionote and Frontier Models* 01:13:47 Niche Models and Base Models* 01:14:30 State Space Models and RWKB* 01:15:48 Inference Race and Price Wars* 01:22:16 Major AI Themes of the Year* 01:22:48 AI Rewind: January to March* 01:26:42 AI Rewind: April to June* 01:33:12 AI Rewind: July to September* 01:34:59 AI Rewind: October to December* 01:39:53 Year-End Reflections and PredictionsTranscript[00:00:00] Welcome to the 100th Episode![00:00:00] Alessio: Hey everyone, welcome to the Latent Space Podcast. This is Alessio, partner and CTO at Decibel Partners, and I'm joined by my co host Swyx for the 100th time today.[00:00:12] swyx: Yay, um, and we're so glad that, yeah, you know, everyone has, uh, followed us in this journey. How do you feel about it? 100 episodes.[00:00:19] Alessio: Yeah, I know.[00:00:19] Reflecting on the Journey[00:00:19] Alessio: Almost two years that we've been doing this. We've had four different studios. Uh, we've had a lot of changes. You know, we used to do this lightning round. When we first started that we didn't like, and we tried to change the question. The answer[00:00:32] swyx: was cursor and perplexity.[00:00:34] Alessio: Yeah, I love mid journey. It's like, do you really not like anything else?[00:00:38] Alessio: Like what's, what's the unique thing? And I think, yeah, we, we've also had a lot more research driven content. You know, we had like 3DAO, we had, you know. Jeremy Howard, we had more folks like that.[00:00:47] AI Engineering: The Rise and Impact[00:00:47] Alessio: I think we want to do more of that too in the new year, like having, uh, some of the Gemini folks, both on the research and the applied side.[00:00:54] Alessio: Yeah, but it's been a ton of fun. I think we both started, I wouldn't say as a joke, we were kind of like, Oh, we [00:01:00] should do a podcast. And I think we kind of caught the right wave, obviously. And I think your rise of the AI engineer posts just kind of get people. Sombra to congregate, and then the AI engineer summit.[00:01:11] Alessio: And that's why when I look at our growth chart, it's kind of like a proxy for like the AI engineering industry as a whole, which is almost like, like, even if we don't do that much, we keep growing just because there's so many more AI engineers. So did you expect that growth or did you expect that would take longer for like the AI engineer thing to kind of like become, you know, everybody talks about it today.[00:01:32] swyx: So, the sign of that, that we have won is that Gartner puts it at the top of the hype curve right now. So Gartner has called the peak in AI engineering. I did not expect, um, to what level. I knew that I was correct when I called it because I did like two months of work going into that. But I didn't know, You know, how quickly it could happen, and obviously there's a chance that I could be wrong.[00:01:52] swyx: But I think, like, most people have come around to that concept. Hacker News hates it, which is a good sign. But there's enough people that have defined it, you know, GitHub, when [00:02:00] they launched GitHub Models, which is the Hugging Face clone, they put AI engineers in the banner, like, above the fold, like, in big So I think it's like kind of arrived as a meaningful and useful definition.[00:02:12] swyx: I think people are trying to figure out where the boundaries are. I think that was a lot of the quote unquote drama that happens behind the scenes at the World's Fair in June. Because I think there's a lot of doubt or questions about where ML engineering stops and AI engineering starts. That's a useful debate to be had.[00:02:29] swyx: In some sense, I actually anticipated that as well. So I intentionally did not. Put a firm definition there because most of the successful definitions are necessarily underspecified and it's actually useful to have different perspectives and you don't have to specify everything from the outset.[00:02:45] Alessio: Yeah, I was at um, AWS reInvent and the line to get into like the AI engineering talk, so to speak, which is, you know, applied AI and whatnot was like, there are like hundreds of people just in line to go in.[00:02:56] Alessio: I think that's kind of what enabled me. People, right? Which is what [00:03:00] you kind of talked about. It's like, Hey, look, you don't actually need a PhD, just, yeah, just use the model. And then maybe we'll talk about some of the blind spots that you get as an engineer with the earlier posts that we also had on on the sub stack.[00:03:11] Alessio: But yeah, it's been a heck of a heck of a two years.[00:03:14] swyx: Yeah.[00:03:15] Latent Space Live and AI Conferences[00:03:15] swyx: You know, I was, I was trying to view the conference as like, so NeurIPS is I think like 16, 17, 000 people. And the Latent Space Live event that we held there was 950 signups. I think. The AI world, the ML world is still very much research heavy. And that's as it should be because ML is very much in a research phase.[00:03:34] swyx: But as we move this entire field into production, I think that ratio inverts into becoming more engineering heavy. So at least I think engineering should be on the same level, even if it's never as prestigious, like it'll always be low status because at the end of the day, you're manipulating APIs or whatever.[00:03:51] swyx: But Yeah, wrapping GPTs, but there's going to be an increasing stack and an art to doing these, these things well. And I, you know, I [00:04:00] think that's what we're focusing on for the podcast, the conference and basically everything I do seems to make sense. And I think we'll, we'll talk about the trends here that apply.[00:04:09] swyx: It's, it's just very strange. So, like, there's a mix of, like, keeping on top of research while not being a researcher and then putting that research into production. So, like, people always ask me, like, why are you covering Neuralibs? Like, this is a ML research conference and I'm like, well, yeah, I mean, we're not going to, to like, understand everything Or reproduce every single paper, but the stuff that is being found here is going to make it through into production at some point, you hope.[00:04:32] swyx: And then actually like when I talk to the researchers, they actually get very excited because they're like, oh, you guys are actually caring about how this goes into production and that's what they really really want. The measure of success is previously just peer review, right? Getting 7s and 8s on their um, Academic review conferences and stuff like citations is one metric, but money is a better metric.[00:04:51] Alessio: Money is a better metric. Yeah, and there were about 2200 people on the live stream or something like that. Yeah, yeah. Hundred on the live stream. So [00:05:00] I try my best to moderate, but it was a lot spicier in person with Jonathan and, and Dylan. Yeah, that it was in the chat on YouTube.[00:05:06] swyx: I would say that I actually also created.[00:05:09] swyx: Layen Space Live in order to address flaws that are perceived in academic conferences. This is not NeurIPS specific, it's ICML, NeurIPS. Basically, it's very sort of oriented towards the PhD student, uh, market, job market, right? Like literally all, basically everyone's there to advertise their research and skills and get jobs.[00:05:28] swyx: And then obviously all the, the companies go there to hire them. And I think that's great for the individual researchers, but for people going there to get info is not great because you have to read between the lines, bring a ton of context in order to understand every single paper. So what is missing is effectively what I ended up doing, which is domain by domain, go through and recap the best of the year.[00:05:48] swyx: Survey the field. And there are, like NeurIPS had a, uh, I think ICML had a like a position paper track, NeurIPS added a benchmarks, uh, datasets track. These are ways in which to address that [00:06:00] issue. Uh, there's always workshops as well. Every, every conference has, you know, a last day of workshops and stuff that provide more of an overview.[00:06:06] swyx: But they're not specifically prompted to do so. And I think really, uh, Organizing a conference is just about getting good speakers and giving them the correct prompts. And then they will just go and do that thing and they do a very good job of it. So I think Sarah did a fantastic job with the startups prompt.[00:06:21] swyx: I can't list everybody, but we did best of 2024 in startups, vision, open models. Post transformers, synthetic data, small models, and agents. And then the last one was the, uh, and then we also did a quick one on reasoning with Nathan Lambert. And then the last one, obviously, was the debate that people were very hyped about.[00:06:39] swyx: It was very awkward. And I'm really, really thankful for John Franco, basically, who stepped up to challenge Dylan. Because Dylan was like, yeah, I'll do it. But He was pro scaling. And I think everyone who is like in AI is pro scaling, right? So you need somebody who's ready to publicly say, no, we've hit a wall.[00:06:57] swyx: So that means you're saying Sam Altman's wrong. [00:07:00] You're saying, um, you know, everyone else is wrong. It helps that this was the day before Ilya went on, went up on stage and then said pre training has hit a wall. And data has hit a wall. So actually Jonathan ended up winning, and then Ilya supported that statement, and then Noam Brown on the last day further supported that statement as well.[00:07:17] swyx: So it's kind of interesting that I think the consensus kind of going in was that we're not done scaling, like you should believe in a better lesson. And then, four straight days in a row, you had Sepp Hochreiter, who is the creator of the LSTM, along with everyone's favorite OG in AI, which is Juergen Schmidhuber.[00:07:34] swyx: He said that, um, we're pre trading inside a wall, or like, we've run into a different kind of wall. And then we have, you know John Frankel, Ilya, and then Noam Brown are all saying variations of the same thing, that we have hit some kind of wall in the status quo of what pre trained, scaling large pre trained models has looked like, and we need a new thing.[00:07:54] swyx: And obviously the new thing for people is some make, either people are calling it inference time compute or test time [00:08:00] compute. I think the collective terminology has been inference time, and I think that makes sense because test time, calling it test, meaning, has a very pre trained bias, meaning that the only reason for running inference at all is to test your model.[00:08:11] swyx: That is not true. Right. Yeah. So, so, I quite agree that. OpenAI seems to have adopted, or the community seems to have adopted this terminology of ITC instead of TTC. And that, that makes a lot of sense because like now we care about inference, even right down to compute optimality. Like I actually interviewed this author who recovered or reviewed the Chinchilla paper.[00:08:31] swyx: Chinchilla paper is compute optimal training, but what is not stated in there is it's pre trained compute optimal training. And once you start caring about inference, compute optimal training, you have a different scaling law. And in a way that we did not know last year.[00:08:45] Alessio: I wonder, because John is, he's also on the side of attention is all you need.[00:08:49] Alessio: Like he had the bet with Sasha. So I'm curious, like he doesn't believe in scaling, but he thinks the transformer, I wonder if he's still. So, so,[00:08:56] swyx: so he, obviously everything is nuanced and you know, I told him to play a character [00:09:00] for this debate, right? So he actually does. Yeah. He still, he still believes that we can scale more.[00:09:04] swyx: Uh, he just assumed the character to be very game for, for playing this debate. So even more kudos to him that he assumed a position that he didn't believe in and still won the debate.[00:09:16] Alessio: Get rekt, Dylan. Um, do you just want to quickly run through some of these things? Like, uh, Sarah's presentation, just the highlights.[00:09:24] swyx: Yeah, we can't go through everyone's slides, but I pulled out some things as a factor of, like, stuff that we were going to talk about. And we'll[00:09:30] Alessio: publish[00:09:31] swyx: the rest. Yeah, we'll publish on this feed the best of 2024 in those domains. And hopefully people can benefit from the work that our speakers have done.[00:09:39] swyx: But I think it's, uh, these are just good slides. And I've been, I've been looking for a sort of end of year recaps from, from people.[00:09:44] The Competitive AI Landscape[00:09:44] swyx: The field has progressed a lot. You know, I think the max ELO in 2023 on LMSys used to be 1200 for LMSys ELOs. And now everyone is at least at, uh, 1275 in their ELOs, and this is across Gemini, Chadjibuti, [00:10:00] Grok, O1.[00:10:01] swyx: ai, which with their E Large model, and Enthopic, of course. It's a very, very competitive race. There are multiple Frontier labs all racing, but there is a clear tier zero Frontier. And then there's like a tier one. It's like, I wish I had everything else. Tier zero is extremely competitive. It's effectively now three horse race between Gemini, uh, Anthropic and OpenAI.[00:10:21] swyx: I would say that people are still holding out a candle for XAI. XAI, I think, for some reason, because their API was very slow to roll out, is not included in these metrics. So it's actually quite hard to put on there. As someone who also does charts, XAI is continually snubbed because they don't work well with the benchmarking people.[00:10:42] swyx: Yeah, yeah, yeah. It's a little trivia for why XAI always gets ignored. The other thing is market share. So these are slides from Sarah. We have it up on the screen. It has gone from very heavily open AI. So we have some numbers and estimates. These are from RAMP. Estimates of open AI market share in [00:11:00] December 2023.[00:11:01] swyx: And this is basically, what is it, GPT being 95 percent of production traffic. And I think if you correlate that with stuff that we asked. Harrison Chase on the LangChain episode, it was true. And then CLAUD 3 launched mid middle of this year. I think CLAUD 3 launched in March, CLAUD 3. 5 Sonnet was in June ish.[00:11:23] swyx: And you can start seeing the market share shift towards opening, uh, towards that topic, uh, very, very aggressively. The more recent one is Gemini. So if I scroll down a little bit, this is an even more recent dataset. So RAM's dataset ends in September 2 2. 2024. Gemini has basically launched a price war at the low end, uh, with Gemini Flash, uh, being basically free for personal use.[00:11:44] swyx: Like, I think people don't understand the free tier. It's something like a billion tokens per day. Unless you're trying to abuse it, you cannot really exhaust your free tier on Gemini. They're really trying to get you to use it. They know they're in like third place, um, fourth place, depending how you, how you count.[00:11:58] swyx: And so they're going after [00:12:00] the Lower tier first, and then, you know, maybe the upper tier later, but yeah, Gemini Flash, according to OpenRouter, is now 50 percent of their OpenRouter requests. Obviously, these are the small requests. These are small, cheap requests that are mathematically going to be more.[00:12:15] swyx: The smart ones obviously are still going to OpenAI. But, you know, it's a very, very big shift in the market. Like basically 2023, 2022, To going into 2024 opening has gone from nine five market share to Yeah. Reasonably somewhere between 50 to 75 market share.[00:12:29] Alessio: Yeah. I'm really curious how ramped does the attribution to the model?[00:12:32] Alessio: If it's API, because I think it's all credit card spin. . Well, but it's all, the credit card doesn't say maybe. Maybe the, maybe when they do expenses, they upload the PDF, but yeah, the, the German I think makes sense. I think that was one of my main 2024 takeaways that like. The best small model companies are the large labs, which is not something I would have thought that the open source kind of like long tail would be like the small model.[00:12:53] swyx: Yeah, different sizes of small models we're talking about here, right? Like so small model here for Gemini is AB, [00:13:00] right? Uh, mini. We don't know what the small model size is, but yeah, it's probably in the double digits or maybe single digits, but probably double digits. The open source community has kind of focused on the one to three B size.[00:13:11] swyx: Mm-hmm . Yeah. Maybe[00:13:12] swyx: zero, maybe 0.5 B uh, that's moon dream and that is small for you then, then that's great. It makes sense that we, we have a range for small now, which is like, may, maybe one to five B. Yeah. I'll even put that at, at, at the high end. And so this includes Gemma from Gemini as well. But also includes the Apple Foundation models, which I think Apple Foundation is 3B.[00:13:32] Alessio: Yeah. No, that's great. I mean, I think in the start small just meant cheap. I think today small is actually a more nuanced discussion, you know, that people weren't really having before.[00:13:43] swyx: Yeah, we can keep going. This is a slide that I smiley disagree with Sarah. She's pointing to the scale SEAL leaderboard. I think the Researchers that I talked with at NeurIPS were kind of positive on this because basically you need private test [00:14:00] sets to prevent contamination.[00:14:02] swyx: And Scale is one of maybe three or four people this year that has really made an effort in doing a credible private test set leaderboard. Llama405B does well compared to Gemini and GPT 40. And I think that's good. I would say that. You know, it's good to have an open model that is that big, that does well on those metrics.[00:14:23] swyx: But anyone putting 405B in production will tell you, if you scroll down a little bit to the artificial analysis numbers, that it is very slow and very expensive to infer. Um, it doesn't even fit on like one node. of, uh, of H100s. Cerebras will be happy to tell you they can serve 4 or 5B on their super large chips.[00:14:42] swyx: But, um, you know, if you need to do anything custom to it, you're still kind of constrained. So, is 4 or 5B really that relevant? Like, I think most people are basically saying that they only use 4 or 5B as a teacher model to distill down to something. Even Meta is doing it. So with Lama 3. [00:15:00] 3 launched, they only launched the 70B because they use 4 or 5B to distill the 70B.[00:15:03] swyx: So I don't know if like open source is keeping up. I think they're the, the open source industrial complex is very invested in telling you that the, if the gap is narrowing, I kind of disagree. I think that the gap is widening with O1. I think there are very, very smart people trying to narrow that gap and they should.[00:15:22] swyx: I really wish them success, but you cannot use a chart that is nearing 100 in your saturation chart. And look, the distance between open source and closed source is narrowing. Of course it's going to narrow because you're near 100. This is stupid. But in metrics that matter, is open source narrowing?[00:15:38] swyx: Probably not for O1 for a while. And it's really up to the open source guys to figure out if they can match O1 or not.[00:15:46] Alessio: I think inference time compute is bad for open source just because, you know, Doc can donate the flops at training time, but he cannot donate the flops at inference time. So it's really hard to like actually keep up on that axis.[00:15:59] Alessio: Big, big business [00:16:00] model shift. So I don't know what that means for the GPU clouds. I don't know what that means for the hyperscalers, but obviously the big labs have a lot of advantage. Because, like, it's not a static artifact that you're putting the compute in. You're kind of doing that still, but then you're putting a lot of computed inference too.[00:16:17] swyx: Yeah, yeah, yeah. Um, I mean, Llama4 will be reasoning oriented. We talked with Thomas Shalom. Um, kudos for getting that episode together. That was really nice. Good, well timed. Actually, I connected with the AI meta guy, uh, at NeurIPS, and, um, yeah, we're going to coordinate something for Llama4. Yeah, yeah,[00:16:32] Alessio: and our friend, yeah.[00:16:33] Alessio: Clara Shi just joined to lead the business agent side. So I'm sure we'll have her on in the new year.[00:16:39] swyx: Yeah. So, um, my comment on, on the business model shift, this is super interesting. Apparently it is wide knowledge that OpenAI wanted more than 6. 6 billion dollars for their fundraise. They wanted to raise, you know, higher, and they did not.[00:16:51] swyx: And what that means is basically like, it's very convenient that we're not getting GPT 5, which would have been a larger pre train. We should have a lot of upfront money. And [00:17:00] instead we're, we're converting fixed costs into variable costs, right. And passing it on effectively to the customer. And it's so much easier to take margin there because you can directly attribute it to like, Oh, you're using this more.[00:17:12] swyx: Therefore you, you pay more of the cost and I'll just slap a margin in there. So like that lets you control your growth margin and like tie your. Your spend, or your sort of inference spend, accordingly. And it's just really interesting to, that this change in the sort of inference paradigm has arrived exactly at the same time that the funding environment for pre training is effectively drying up, kind of.[00:17:36] swyx: I feel like maybe the VCs are very in tune with research anyway, so like, they would have noticed this, but, um, it's just interesting.[00:17:43] Alessio: Yeah, and I was looking back at our yearly recap of last year. Yeah. And the big thing was like the mixed trial price fights, you know, and I think now it's almost like there's nowhere to go, like, you know, Gemini Flash is like basically giving it away for free.[00:17:55] Alessio: So I think this is a good way for the labs to generate more revenue and pass down [00:18:00] some of the compute to the customer. I think they're going to[00:18:02] swyx: keep going. I think that 2, will come.[00:18:05] Alessio: Yeah, I know. Totally. I mean, next year, the first thing I'm doing is signing up for Devin. Signing up for the pro chat GBT.[00:18:12] Alessio: Just to try. I just want to see what does it look like to spend a thousand dollars a month on AI?[00:18:17] swyx: Yes. Yes. I think if your, if your, your job is a, at least AI content creator or VC or, you know, someone who, whose job it is to stay on, stay on top of things, you should already be spending like a thousand dollars a month on, on stuff.[00:18:28] swyx: And then obviously easy to spend, hard to use. You have to actually use. The good thing is that actually Google lets you do a lot of stuff for free now. So like deep research. That they just launched. Uses a ton of inference and it's, it's free while it's in preview.[00:18:45] Alessio: Yeah. They need to put that in Lindy.[00:18:47] Alessio: I've been using Lindy lately. I've been a built a bunch of things once we had flow because I liked the new thing. It's pretty good. I even did a phone call assistant. Um, yeah, they just launched Lindy voice. Yeah, I think once [00:19:00] they get advanced voice mode like capability today, still like speech to text, you can kind of tell.[00:19:06] Alessio: Um, but it's good for like reservations and things like that. So I have a meeting prepper thing. And so[00:19:13] swyx: it's good. Okay. I feel like we've, we've covered a lot of stuff. Uh, I, yeah, I, you know, I think We will go over the individual, uh, talks in a separate episode. Uh, I don't want to take too much time with, uh, this stuff, but that suffice to say that there is a lot of progress in each field.[00:19:28] swyx: Uh, we covered vision. Basically this is all like the audience voting for what they wanted. And then I just invited the best people I could find in each audience, especially agents. Um, Graham, who I talked to at ICML in Vienna, he is currently still number one. It's very hard to stay on top of SweetBench.[00:19:45] swyx: OpenHand is currently still number one. switchbench full, which is the hardest one. He had very good thoughts on agents, which I, which I'll highlight for people. Everyone is saying 2025 is the year of agents, just like they said last year. And, uh, but he had [00:20:00] thoughts on like eight parts of what are the frontier problems to solve in agents.[00:20:03] swyx: And so I'll highlight that talk as well.[00:20:05] Alessio: Yeah. The number six, which is the Hacken agents learn more about the environment, has been a Super interesting to us as well, just to think through, because, yeah, how do you put an agent in an enterprise where most things in an enterprise have never been public, you know, a lot of the tooling, like the code bases and things like that.[00:20:23] Alessio: So, yeah, there's not indexing and reg. Well, yeah, but it's more like. You can't really rag things that are not documented. But people know them based on how they've been doing it. You know, so I think there's almost this like, you know, Oh, institutional knowledge. Yeah, the boring word is kind of like a business process extraction.[00:20:38] Alessio: Yeah yeah, I see. It's like, how do you actually understand how these things are done? I see. Um, and I think today the, the problem is that, Yeah, the agents are, that most people are building are good at following instruction, but are not as good as like extracting them from you. Um, so I think that will be a big unlock just to touch quickly on the Jeff Dean thing.[00:20:55] Alessio: I thought it was pretty, I mean, we'll link it in the, in the things, but. I think the main [00:21:00] focus was like, how do you use ML to optimize the systems instead of just focusing on ML to do something else? Yeah, I think speculative decoding, we had, you know, Eugene from RWKB on the podcast before, like he's doing a lot of that with Fetterless AI.[00:21:12] swyx: Everyone is. I would say it's the norm. I'm a little bit uncomfortable with how much it costs, because it does use more of the GPU per call. But because everyone is so keen on fast inference, then yeah, makes sense.[00:21:24] Alessio: Exactly. Um, yeah, but we'll link that. Obviously Jeff is great.[00:21:30] swyx: Jeff is, Jeff's talk was more, it wasn't focused on Gemini.[00:21:33] swyx: I think people got the wrong impression from my tweet. It's more about how Google approaches ML and uses ML to design systems and then systems feedback into ML. And I think this ties in with Lubna's talk.[00:21:45] Synthetic Data and Future Trends[00:21:45] swyx: on synthetic data where it's basically the story of bootstrapping of humans and AI in AI research or AI in production.[00:21:53] swyx: So her talk was on synthetic data, where like how much synthetic data has grown in 2024 in the pre training side, the post training side, [00:22:00] and the eval side. And I think Jeff then also extended it basically to chips, uh, to chip design. So he'd spend a lot of time talking about alpha chip. And most of us in the audience are like, we're not working on hardware, man.[00:22:11] swyx: Like you guys are great. TPU is great. Okay. We'll buy TPUs.[00:22:14] Alessio: And then there was the earlier talk. Yeah. But, and then we have, uh, I don't know if we're calling them essays. What are we calling these? But[00:22:23] swyx: for me, it's just like bonus for late in space supporters, because I feel like they haven't been getting anything.[00:22:29] swyx: And then I wanted a more high frequency way to write stuff. Like that one I wrote in an afternoon. I think basically we now have an answer to what Ilya saw. It's one year since. The blip. And we know what he saw in 2014. We know what he saw in 2024. We think we know what he sees in 2024. He gave some hints and then we have vague indications of what he saw in 2023.[00:22:54] swyx: So that was the Oh, and then 2016 as well, because of this lawsuit with Elon, OpenAI [00:23:00] is publishing emails from Sam's, like, his personal text messages to Siobhan, Zelis, or whatever. So, like, we have emails from Ilya saying, this is what we're seeing in OpenAI, and this is why we need to scale up GPUs. And I think it's very prescient in 2016 to write that.[00:23:16] swyx: And so, like, it is exactly, like, basically his insights. It's him and Greg, basically just kind of driving the scaling up of OpenAI, while they're still playing Dota. They're like, no, like, we see the path here.[00:23:30] Alessio: Yeah, and it's funny, yeah, they even mention, you know, we can only train on 1v1 Dota. We need to train on 5v5, and that takes too many GPUs.[00:23:37] Alessio: Yeah,[00:23:37] swyx: and at least for me, I can speak for myself, like, I didn't see the path from Dota to where we are today. I think even, maybe if you ask them, like, they wouldn't necessarily draw a straight line. Yeah,[00:23:47] Alessio: no, definitely. But I think like that was like the whole idea of almost like the RL and we talked about this with Nathan on his podcast.[00:23:55] Alessio: It's like with RL, you can get very good at specific things, but then you can't really like generalize as much. And I [00:24:00] think the language models are like the opposite, which is like, you're going to throw all this data at them and scale them up, but then you really need to drive them home on a specific task later on.[00:24:08] Alessio: And we'll talk about the open AI reinforcement, fine tuning, um, announcement too, and all of that. But yeah, I think like scale is all you need. That's kind of what Elia will be remembered for. And I think just maybe to clarify on like the pre training is over thing that people love to tweet. I think the point of the talk was like everybody, we're scaling these chips, we're scaling the compute, but like the second ingredient which is data is not scaling at the same rate.[00:24:35] Alessio: So it's not necessarily pre training is over. It's kind of like What got us here won't get us there. In his email, he predicted like 10x growth every two years or something like that. And I think maybe now it's like, you know, you can 10x the chips again, but[00:24:49] swyx: I think it's 10x per year. Was it? I don't know.[00:24:52] Alessio: Exactly. And Moore's law is like 2x. So it's like, you know, much faster than that. And yeah, I like the fossil fuel of AI [00:25:00] analogy. It's kind of like, you know, the little background tokens thing. So the OpenAI reinforcement fine tuning is basically like, instead of fine tuning on data, you fine tune on a reward model.[00:25:09] Alessio: So it's basically like, instead of being data driven, it's like task driven. And I think people have tasks to do, they don't really have a lot of data. So I'm curious to see how that changes, how many people fine tune, because I think this is what people run into. It's like, Oh, you can fine tune llama. And it's like, okay, where do I get the data?[00:25:27] Alessio: To fine tune it on, you know, so it's great that we're moving the thing. And then I really like he had this chart where like, you know, the brain mass and the body mass thing is basically like mammals that scaled linearly by brain and body size, and then humans kind of like broke off the slope. So it's almost like maybe the mammal slope is like the pre training slope.[00:25:46] Alessio: And then the post training slope is like the, the human one.[00:25:49] swyx: Yeah. I wonder what the. I mean, we'll know in 10 years, but I wonder what the y axis is for, for Ilya's SSI. We'll try to get them on.[00:25:57] Alessio: Ilya, if you're listening, you're [00:26:00] welcome here. Yeah, and then he had, you know, what comes next, like agent, synthetic data, inference, compute, I thought all of that was like that.[00:26:05] Alessio: I don't[00:26:05] swyx: think he was dropping any alpha there. Yeah, yeah, yeah.[00:26:07] Alessio: Yeah. Any other new reps? Highlights?[00:26:10] swyx: I think that there was comparatively a lot more work. Oh, by the way, I need to plug that, uh, my friend Yi made this, like, little nice paper. Yeah, that was really[00:26:20] swyx: nice.[00:26:20] swyx: Uh, of, uh, of, like, all the, he's, she called it must read papers of 2024.[00:26:26] swyx: So I laid out some of these at NeurIPS, and it was just gone. Like, everyone just picked it up. Because people are dying for, like, little guidance and visualizations And so, uh, I thought it was really super nice that we got there.[00:26:38] Alessio: Should we do a late in space book for each year? Uh, I thought about it. For each year we should.[00:26:42] Alessio: Coffee table book. Yeah. Yeah. Okay. Put it in the will. Hi, Will. By the way, we haven't introduced you. He's our new, you know, general organist, Jamie. You need to[00:26:52] swyx: pull up more things. One thing I saw that, uh, Okay, one fun one, and then one [00:27:00] more general one. So the fun one is this paper on agent collusion. This is a paper on steganography.[00:27:06] swyx: This is secret collusion among AI agents, multi agent deception via steganography. I tried to go to NeurIPS in order to find these kinds of papers because the real reason Like NeurIPS this year has a lottery system. A lot of people actually even go and don't buy tickets because they just go and attend the side events.[00:27:22] swyx: And then also the people who go and end up crowding around the most popular papers, which you already know and already read them before you showed up to NeurIPS. So the only reason you go there is to talk to the paper authors, but there's like something like 10, 000 other. All these papers out there that, you know, are just people's work that they, that they did on the air and they failed to get attention for one reason or another.[00:27:42] swyx: And this was one of them. Uh, it was like all the way at the back. And this is a deep mind paper that actually focuses on collusion between AI agents, uh, by hiding messages in the text that they generate. Uh, so that's what steganography is. So a very simple example would be the first letter of every word.[00:27:57] swyx: If you Pick that out, you know, and the code sends a [00:28:00] different message than that. But something I've always emphasized is to LLMs, we read left to right. LLMs can read up, down, sideways, you know, in random character order. And it's the same to them as it is to us. So if we were ever to get You know, self motivated, underlined LLMs that we're trying to collaborate to take over the planet.[00:28:19] swyx: This would be how they do it. They spread messages among us in the messages that we generate. And he developed a scaling law for that. So he marked, I'm showing it on screen right now, the emergence of this phenomenon. Basically, for example, for Cypher encoding, GPT 2, Lama 2, mixed trial, GPT 3. 5, zero capabilities, and sudden 4.[00:28:40] swyx: And this is the kind of Jason Wei type emergence properties that people kind of look for. I think what made this paper stand out as well, so he developed the benchmark for steganography collusion, and he also focused on shelling point collusion, which is very low coordination. For agreeing on a decoding encoding format, you kind of need to have some [00:29:00] agreement on that.[00:29:00] swyx: But, but shelling point means like very, very low or almost no coordination. So for example, if I, if I ask someone, if the only message I give you is meet me in New York and you're not aware. Or when you would probably meet me at Grand Central Station. That is the Grand Central Station is a shelling point.[00:29:16] swyx: And it's probably somewhere, somewhere during the day. That is the shelling point of New York is Grand Central. To that extent, shelling points for steganography are things like the, the, the common decoding methods that we talked about. It will be interesting at some point in the future when we are worried about alignment.[00:29:30] swyx: It is not interesting today, but it's interesting that DeepMind is already thinking about this.[00:29:36] Alessio: I think that's like one of the hardest things about NeurIPS. It's like the long tail. I[00:29:41] swyx: found a pricing guy. I'm going to feature him on the podcast. Basically, this guy from NVIDIA worked out the optimal pricing for language models.[00:29:51] swyx: It's basically an econometrics paper at NeurIPS, where everyone else is talking about GPUs. And the guy with the GPUs is[00:29:57] Alessio: talking[00:29:57] swyx: about economics instead. [00:30:00] That was the sort of fun one. So the focus I saw is that model papers at NeurIPS are kind of dead. No one really presents models anymore. It's just data sets.[00:30:12] swyx: This is all the grad students are working on. So like there was a data sets track and then I was looking around like, I was like, you don't need a data sets track because every paper is a data sets paper. And so data sets and benchmarks, they're kind of flip sides of the same thing. So Yeah. Cool. Yeah, if you're a grad student, you're a GPU boy, you kind of work on that.[00:30:30] swyx: And then the, the sort of big model that people walk around and pick the ones that they like, and then they use it in their models. And that's, that's kind of how it develops. I, I feel like, um, like, like you didn't last year, you had people like Hao Tian who worked on Lava, which is take Lama and add Vision.[00:30:47] swyx: And then obviously actually I hired him and he added Vision to Grok. Now he's the Vision Grok guy. This year, I don't think there was any of those.[00:30:55] Alessio: What were the most popular, like, orals? Last year it was like the [00:31:00] Mixed Monarch, I think, was like the most attended. Yeah, uh, I need to look it up. Yeah, I mean, if nothing comes to mind, that's also kind of like an answer in a way.[00:31:10] Alessio: But I think last year there was a lot of interest in, like, furthering models and, like, different architectures and all of that.[00:31:16] swyx: I will say that I felt the orals, oral picks this year were not very good. Either that or maybe it's just a So that's the highlight of how I have changed in terms of how I view papers.[00:31:29] swyx: So like, in my estimation, two of the best papers in this year for datasets or data comp and refined web or fine web. These are two actually industrially used papers, not highlighted for a while. I think DCLM got the spotlight, FineWeb didn't even get the spotlight. So like, it's just that the picks were different.[00:31:48] swyx: But one thing that does get a lot of play that a lot of people are debating is the role that's scheduled. This is the schedule free optimizer paper from Meta from Aaron DeFazio. And this [00:32:00] year in the ML community, there's been a lot of chat about shampoo, soap, all the bathroom amenities for optimizing your learning rates.[00:32:08] swyx: And, uh, most people at the big labs are. Who I asked about this, um, say that it's cute, but it's not something that matters. I don't know, but it's something that was discussed and very, very popular. 4Wars[00:32:19] Alessio: of AI recap maybe, just quickly. Um, where do you want to start? Data?[00:32:26] swyx: So to remind people, this is the 4Wars piece that we did as one of our earlier recaps of this year.[00:32:31] swyx: And the belligerents are on the left, journalists, writers, artists, anyone who owns IP basically, New York Times, Stack Overflow, Reddit, Getty, Sarah Silverman, George RR Martin. Yeah, and I think this year we can add Scarlett Johansson to that side of the fence. So anyone suing, open the eye, basically. I actually wanted to get a snapshot of all the lawsuits.[00:32:52] swyx: I'm sure some lawyer can do it. That's the data quality war. On the right hand side, we have the synthetic data people, and I think we talked about Lumna's talk, you know, [00:33:00] really showing how much synthetic data has come along this year. I think there was a bit of a fight between scale. ai and the synthetic data community, because scale.[00:33:09] swyx: ai published a paper saying that synthetic data doesn't work. Surprise, surprise, scale. ai is the leading vendor of non synthetic data. Only[00:33:17] Alessio: cage free annotated data is useful.[00:33:21] swyx: So I think there's some debate going on there, but I don't think it's much debate anymore that at least synthetic data, for the reasons that are blessed in Luna's talk, Makes sense.[00:33:32] swyx: I don't know if you have any perspectives there.[00:33:34] Alessio: I think, again, going back to the reinforcement fine tuning, I think that will change a little bit how people think about it. I think today people mostly use synthetic data, yeah, for distillation and kind of like fine tuning a smaller model from like a larger model.[00:33:46] Alessio: I'm not super aware of how the frontier labs use it outside of like the rephrase, the web thing that Apple also did. But yeah, I think it'll be. Useful. I think like whether or not that gets us the big [00:34:00] next step, I think that's maybe like TBD, you know, I think people love talking about data because it's like a GPU poor, you know, I think, uh, synthetic data is like something that people can do, you know, so they feel more opinionated about it compared to, yeah, the optimizers stuff, which is like,[00:34:17] swyx: they don't[00:34:17] Alessio: really work[00:34:18] swyx: on.[00:34:18] swyx: I think that there is an angle to the reasoning synthetic data. So this year, we covered in the paper club, the star series of papers. So that's star, Q star, V star. It basically helps you to synthesize reasoning steps, or at least distill reasoning steps from a verifier. And if you look at the OpenAI RFT, API that they released, or that they announced, basically they're asking you to submit graders, or they choose from a preset list of graders.[00:34:49] swyx: Basically It feels like a way to create valid synthetic data for them to fine tune their reasoning paths on. Um, so I think that is another angle where it starts to make sense. And [00:35:00] so like, it's very funny that basically all the data quality wars between Let's say the music industry or like the newspaper publishing industry or the textbooks industry on the big labs.[00:35:11] swyx: It's all of the pre training era. And then like the new era, like the reasoning era, like nobody has any problem with all the reasoning, especially because it's all like sort of math and science oriented with, with very reasonable graders. I think the more interesting next step is how does it generalize beyond STEM?[00:35:27] swyx: We've been using O1 for And I would say like for summarization and creative writing and instruction following, I think it's underrated. I started using O1 in our intro songs before we killed the intro songs, but it's very good at writing lyrics. You know, I can actually say like, I think one of the O1 pro demos.[00:35:46] swyx: All of these things that Noam was showing was that, you know, you can write an entire paragraph or three paragraphs without using the letter A, right?[00:35:53] Creative Writing with AI[00:35:53] swyx: So like, like literally just anything instead of token, like not even token level, character level manipulation and [00:36:00] counting and instruction following. It's, uh, it's very, very strong.[00:36:02] swyx: And so no surprises when I ask it to rhyme, uh, and to, to create song lyrics, it's going to do that very much better than in previous models. So I think it's underrated for creative writing.[00:36:11] Alessio: Yeah.[00:36:12] Legal and Ethical Issues in AI[00:36:12] Alessio: What do you think is the rationale that they're going to have in court when they don't show you the thinking traces of O1, but then they want us to, like, they're getting sued for using other publishers data, you know, but then on their end, they're like, well, you shouldn't be using my data to then train your model.[00:36:29] Alessio: So I'm curious to see how that kind of comes. Yeah, I mean, OPA has[00:36:32] swyx: many ways to publish, to punish people without bringing, taking them to court. Already banned ByteDance for distilling their, their info. And so anyone caught distilling the chain of thought will be just disallowed to continue on, on, on the API.[00:36:44] swyx: And it's fine. It's no big deal. Like, I don't even think that's an issue at all, just because the chain of thoughts are pretty well hidden. Like you have to work very, very hard to, to get it to leak. And then even when it leaks the chain of thought, you don't know if it's, if it's [00:37:00] The bigger concern is actually that there's not that much IP hiding behind it, that Cosign, which we talked about, we talked to him on Dev Day, can just fine tune 4.[00:37:13] swyx: 0 to beat 0. 1 Cloud SONET so far is beating O1 on coding tasks without, at least O1 preview, without being a reasoning model, same for Gemini Pro or Gemini 2. 0. So like, how much is reasoning important? How much of a moat is there in this, like, All of these are proprietary sort of training data that they've presumably accomplished.[00:37:34] swyx: Because even DeepSeek was able to do it. And they had, you know, two months notice to do this, to do R1. So, it's actually unclear how much moat there is. Obviously, you know, if you talk to the Strawberry team, they'll be like, yeah, I mean, we spent the last two years doing this. So, we don't know. And it's going to be Interesting because there'll be a lot of noise from people who say they have inference time compute and actually don't because they just have fancy chain of thought.[00:38:00][00:38:00] swyx: And then there's other people who actually do have very good chain of thought. And you will not see them on the same level as OpenAI because OpenAI has invested a lot in building up the mythology of their team. Um, which makes sense. Like the real answer is somewhere in between.[00:38:13] Alessio: Yeah, I think that's kind of like the main data war story developing.[00:38:18] The Data War: GPU Poor vs. GPU Rich[00:38:18] Alessio: GPU poor versus GPU rich. Yeah. Where do you think we are? I think there was, again, going back to like the small model thing, there was like a time in which the GPU poor were kind of like the rebel faction working on like these models that were like open and small and cheap. And I think today people don't really care as much about GPUs anymore.[00:38:37] Alessio: You also see it in the price of the GPUs. Like, you know, that market is kind of like plummeted because there's people don't want to be, they want to be GPU free. They don't even want to be poor. They just want to be, you know, completely without them. Yeah. How do you think about this war? You[00:38:52] swyx: can tell me about this, but like, I feel like the, the appetite for GPU rich startups, like the, you know, the, the funding plan is we will raise 60 million and [00:39:00] we'll give 50 of that to NVIDIA.[00:39:01] swyx: That is gone, right? Like, no one's, no one's pitching that. This was literally the plan, the exact plan of like, I can name like four or five startups, you know, this time last year. So yeah, GPU rich startups gone.[00:39:12] The Rise of GPU Ultra Rich[00:39:12] swyx: But I think like, The GPU ultra rich, the GPU ultra high net worth is still going. So, um, now we're, you know, we had Leopold's essay on the trillion dollar cluster.[00:39:23] swyx: We're not quite there yet. We have multiple labs, um, you know, XAI very famously, you know, Jensen Huang praising them for being. Best boy number one in spinning up 100, 000 GPU cluster in like 12 days or something. So likewise at Meta, likewise at OpenAI, likewise at the other labs as well. So like the GPU ultra rich are going to keep doing that because I think partially it's an article of faith now that you just need it.[00:39:46] swyx: Like you don't even know what it's going to, what you're going to use it for. You just, you just need it. And it makes sense that if, especially if we're going into. More researchy territory than we are. So let's say 2020 to 2023 was [00:40:00] let's scale big models territory because we had GPT 3 in 2020 and we were like, okay, we'll go from 1.[00:40:05] swyx: 75b to 1. 8b, 1. 8t. And that was GPT 3 to GPT 4. Okay, that's done. As far as everyone is concerned, Opus 3. 5 is not coming out, GPT 4. 5 is not coming out, and Gemini 2, we don't have Pro, whatever. We've hit that wall. Maybe I'll call it the 2 trillion perimeter wall. We're not going to 10 trillion. No one thinks it's a good idea, at least from training costs, from the amount of data, or at least the inference.[00:40:36] swyx: Would you pay 10x the price of GPT Probably not. Like, like you want something else that, that is at least more useful. So it makes sense that people are pivoting in terms of their inference paradigm.[00:40:47] Emerging Trends in AI Models[00:40:47] swyx: And so when it's more researchy, then you actually need more just general purpose compute to mess around with, uh, at the exact same time that production deployments of the old, the previous paradigm is still ramping up,[00:40:58] swyx: um,[00:40:58] swyx: uh, pretty aggressively.[00:40:59] swyx: So [00:41:00] it makes sense that the GPU rich are growing. We have now interviewed both together and fireworks and replicates. Uh, we haven't done any scale yet. But I think Amazon, maybe kind of a sleeper one, Amazon, in a sense of like they, at reInvent, I wasn't expecting them to do so well, but they are now a foundation model lab.[00:41:18] swyx: It's kind of interesting. Um, I think, uh, you know, David went over there and started just creating models.[00:41:25] Alessio: Yeah, I mean, that's the power of prepaid contracts. I think like a lot of AWS customers, you know, they do this big reserve instance contracts and now they got to use their money. That's why so many startups.[00:41:37] Alessio: Get bought through the AWS marketplace so they can kind of bundle them together and prefer pricing.[00:41:42] swyx: Okay, so maybe GPU super rich doing very well, GPU middle class dead, and then GPU[00:41:48] Alessio: poor. I mean, my thing is like, everybody should just be GPU rich. There shouldn't really be, even the GPU poorest, it's like, does it really make sense to be GPU poor?[00:41:57] Alessio: Like, if you're GPU poor, you should just use the [00:42:00] cloud. Yes, you know, and I think there might be a future once we kind of like figure out what the size and shape of these models is where like the tiny box and these things come to fruition where like you can be GPU poor at home. But I think today is like, why are you working so hard to like get these models to run on like very small clusters where it's like, It's so cheap to run them.[00:42:21] Alessio: Yeah, yeah,[00:42:22] swyx: yeah. I think mostly people think it's cool. People think it's a stepping stone to scaling up. So they aspire to be GPU rich one day and they're working on new methods. Like news research, like probably the most deep tech thing they've done this year is Distro or whatever the new name is.[00:42:38] swyx: There's a lot of interest in heterogeneous computing, distributed computing. I tend generally to de emphasize that historically, but it may be coming to a time where it is starting to be relevant. I don't know. You know, SF compute launched their compute marketplace this year, and like, who's really using that?[00:42:53] swyx: Like, it's a bunch of small clusters, disparate types of compute, and if you can make that [00:43:00] useful, then that will be very beneficial to the broader community, but maybe still not the source of frontier models. It's just going to be a second tier of compute that is unlocked for people, and that's fine. But yeah, I mean, I think this year, I would say a lot more on device, We are, I now have Apple intelligence on my phone.[00:43:19] swyx: Doesn't do anything apart from summarize my notifications. But still, not bad. Like, it's multi modal.[00:43:25] Alessio: Yeah, the notification summaries are so and so in my experience.[00:43:29] swyx: Yeah, but they add, they add juice to life. And then, um, Chrome Nano, uh, Gemini Nano is coming out in Chrome. Uh, they're still feature flagged, but you can, you can try it now if you, if you use the, uh, the alpha.[00:43:40] swyx: And so, like, I, I think, like, you know, We're getting the sort of GPU poor version of a lot of these things coming out, and I think it's like quite useful. Like Windows as well, rolling out RWKB in sort of every Windows department is super cool. And I think the last thing that I never put in this GPU poor war, that I think I should now, [00:44:00] is the number of startups that are GPU poor but still scaling very well, as sort of wrappers on top of either a foundation model lab, or GPU Cloud.[00:44:10] swyx: GPU Cloud, it would be Suno. Suno, Ramp has rated as one of the top ranked, fastest growing startups of the year. Um, I think the last public number is like zero to 20 million this year in ARR and Suno runs on Moto. So Suno itself is not GPU rich, but they're just doing the training on, on Moto, uh, who we've also talked to on, on the podcast.[00:44:31] swyx: The other one would be Bolt, straight cloud wrapper. And, and, um, Again, another, now they've announced 20 million ARR, which is another step up from our 8 million that we put on the title. So yeah, I mean, it's crazy that all these GPU pores are finding a way while the GPU riches are also finding a way. And then the only failures, I kind of call this the GPU smiling curve, where the edges do well, because you're either close to the machines, and you're like [00:45:00] number one on the machines, or you're like close to the customers, and you're number one on the customer side.[00:45:03] swyx: And the people who are in the middle. Inflection, um, character, didn't do that great. I think character did the best of all of them. Like, you have a note in here that we apparently said that character's price tag was[00:45:15] Alessio: 1B.[00:45:15] swyx: Did I say that?[00:45:16] Alessio: Yeah. You said Google should just buy them for 1B. I thought it was a crazy number.[00:45:20] Alessio: Then they paid 2. 7 billion. I mean, for like,[00:45:22] swyx: yeah.[00:45:22] Alessio: What do you pay for node? Like, I don't know what the game world was like. Maybe the starting price was 1B. I mean, whatever it was, it worked out for everybody involved.[00:45:31] The Multi-Modality War[00:45:31] Alessio: Multimodality war. And this one, we never had text to video in the first version, which now is the hottest.[00:45:37] swyx: Yeah, I would say it's a subset of image, but yes.[00:45:40] Alessio: Yeah, well, but I think at the time it wasn't really something people were doing, and now we had VO2 just came out yesterday. Uh, Sora was released last month, last week. I've not tried Sora, because the day that I tried, it wasn't, yeah. I[00:45:54] swyx: think it's generally available now, you can go to Sora.[00:45:56] swyx: com and try it. Yeah, they had[00:45:58] Alessio: the outage. Which I [00:46:00] think also played a part into it. Small things. Yeah. What's the other model that you posted today that was on Replicate? Video or OneLive?[00:46:08] swyx: Yeah. Very, very nondescript name, but it is from Minimax, which I think is a Chinese lab. The Chinese labs do surprisingly well at the video models.[00:46:20] swyx: I'm not sure it's actually Chinese. I don't know. Hold me up to that. Yep. China. It's good. Yeah, the Chinese love video. What can I say? They have a lot of training data for video. Or a more relaxed regulatory environment.[00:46:37] Alessio: Uh, well, sure, in some way. Yeah, I don't think there's much else there. I think like, you know, on the image side, I think it's still open.[00:46:45] Alessio: Yeah, I mean,[00:46:46] swyx: 11labs is now a unicorn. So basically, what is multi modality war? Multi modality war is, do you specialize in a single modality, right? Or do you have GodModel that does all the modalities? So this is [00:47:00] definitely still going, in a sense of 11 labs, you know, now Unicorn, PicoLabs doing well, they launched Pico 2.[00:47:06] swyx: 0 recently, HeyGen, I think has reached 100 million ARR, Assembly, I don't know, but they have billboards all over the place, so I assume they're doing very, very well. So these are all specialist models, specialist models and specialist startups. And then there's the big labs who are doing the sort of all in one play.[00:47:24] swyx: And then here I would highlight Gemini 2 for having native image output. Have you seen the demos? Um, yeah, it's, it's hard to keep up. Literally they launched this last week and a shout out to Paige Bailey, who came to the Latent Space event to demo on the day of launch. And she wasn't prepared. She was just like, I'm just going to show you.[00:47:43] swyx: So they have voice. They have, you know, obviously image input, and then they obviously can code gen and all that. But the new one that OpenAI and Meta both have but they haven't launched yet is image output. So you can literally, um, I think their demo video was that you put in an image of a [00:48:00] car, and you ask for minor modifications to that car.[00:48:02] swyx: They can generate you that modification exactly as you asked. So there's no need for the stable diffusion or comfy UI workflow of like mask here and then like infill there in paint there and all that, all that stuff. This is small model nonsense. Big model people are like, huh, we got you in as everything in the transformer.[00:48:21] swyx: This is the multimodality war, which is, do you, do you bet on the God model or do you string together a whole bunch of, uh, Small models like a, like a chump. Yeah,[00:48:29] Alessio: I don't know, man. Yeah, that would be interesting. I mean, obviously I use Midjourney for all of our thumbnails. Um, they've been doing a ton on the product, I would say.[00:48:38] Alessio: They launched a new Midjourney editor thing. They've been doing a ton. Because I think, yeah, the motto is kind of like, Maybe, you know, people say black forest, the black forest models are better than mid journey on a pixel by pixel basis. But I think when you put it, put it together, have you tried[00:48:53] swyx: the same problems on black forest?[00:48:55] Alessio: Yes. But the problem is just like, you know, on black forest, it generates one image. And then it's like, you got to [00:49:00] regenerate. You don't have all these like UI things. Like what I do, no, but it's like time issue, you know, it's like a mid[00:49:06] swyx: journey. Call the API four times.[00:49:08] Alessio: No, but then there's no like variate.[00:49:10] Alessio: Like the good thing about mid journey is like, you just go in there and you're cooking. There's a lot of stuff that just makes it really easy. And I think people underestimate that. Like, it's not really a skill issue, because I'm paying mid journey, so it's a Black Forest skill issue, because I'm not paying them, you know?[00:49:24] Alessio: Yeah,[00:49:25] swyx: so, okay, so, uh, this is a UX thing, right? Like, you, you, you understand that, at least, we think that Black Forest should be able to do all that stuff. I will also shout out, ReCraft has come out, uh, on top of the image arena that, uh, artificial analysis has done, has apparently, uh, Flux's place. Is this still true?[00:49:41] swyx: So, Artificial Analysis is now a company. I highlighted them I think in one of the early AI Newses of the year. And they have launched a whole bunch of arenas. So, they're trying to take on LM Arena, Anastasios and crew. And they have an image arena. Oh yeah, Recraft v3 is now beating Flux 1. 1. Which is very surprising [00:50:00] because Flux And Black Forest Labs are the old stable diffusion crew who left stability after, um, the management issues.[00:50:06] swyx: So Recurve has come from nowhere to be the top image model. Uh, very, very strange. I would also highlight that Grok has now launched Aurora, which is, it's very interesting dynamics between Grok and Black Forest Labs because Grok's images were originally launched, uh, in partnership with Black Forest Labs as a, as a thin wrapper.[00:50:24] swyx: And then Grok was like, no, we'll make our own. And so they've made their own. I don't know, there are no APIs or benchmarks about it. They just announced it. So yeah, that's the multi modality war. I would say that so far, the small model, the dedicated model people are winning, because they are just focused on their tasks.[00:50:42] swyx: But the big model, People are always catching up. And the moment I saw the Gemini 2 demo of image editing, where I can put in an image and just request it and it does, that's how AI should work. Not like a whole bunch of complicated steps. So it really is something. And I think one frontier that we haven't [00:51:00] seen this year, like obviously video has done very well, and it will continue to grow.[00:51:03] swyx: You know, we only have Sora Turbo today, but at some point we'll get full Sora. Oh, at least the Hollywood Labs will get Fulsora. We haven't seen video to audio, or video synced to audio. And so the researchers that I talked to are already starting to talk about that as the next frontier. But there's still maybe like five more years of video left to actually be Soda.[00:51:23] swyx: I would say that Gemini's approach Compared to OpenAI, Gemini seems, or DeepMind's approach to video seems a lot more fully fledged than OpenAI. Because if you look at the ICML recap that I published that so far nobody has listened to, um, that people have listened to it. It's just a different, definitely different audience.[00:51:43] swyx: It's only seven hours long. Why are people not listening? It's like everything in Uh, so, so DeepMind has, is working on Genie. They also launched Genie 2 and VideoPoet. So, like, they have maybe four years advantage on world modeling that OpenAI does not have. Because OpenAI basically only started [00:52:00] Diffusion Transformers last year, you know, when they hired, uh, Bill Peebles.[00:52:03] swyx: So, DeepMind has, has a bit of advantage here, I would say, in, in, in showing, like, the reason that VO2, while one, They cherry pick their videos. So obviously it looks better than Sora, but the reason I would believe that VO2, uh, when it's fully launched will do very well is because they have all this background work in video that they've done for years.[00:52:22] swyx: Like, like last year's NeurIPS, I already was interviewing some of their video people. I forget their model name, but for, for people who are dedicated fans, they can go to NeurIPS 2023 and see, see that paper.[00:52:32] Alessio: And then last but not least, the LLMOS. We renamed it to Ragops, formerly known as[00:52:39] swyx: Ragops War. I put the latest chart on the Braintrust episode.[00:52:43] swyx: I think I'm going to separate these essays from the episode notes. So the reason I used to do that, by the way, is because I wanted to show up on Hacker News. I wanted the podcast to show up on Hacker News. So I always put an essay inside of there because Hacker News people like to read and not listen.[00:52:58] Alessio: So episode essays,[00:52:59] swyx: I remember [00:53:00] purchasing them separately. You say Lanchain Llama Index is still growing.[00:53:03] Alessio: Yeah, so I looked at the PyPy stats, you know. I don't care about stars. On PyPy you see Do you want to share your screen? Yes. I prefer to look at actual downloads, not at stars on GitHub. So if you look at, you know, Lanchain still growing.[00:53:20] Alessio: These are the last six months. Llama Index still growing. What I've basically seen is like things that, One, obviously these things have A commercial product. So there's like people buying this and sticking with it versus kind of hopping in between things versus, you know, for example, crew AI, not really growing as much.[00:53:38] Alessio: The stars are growing. If you look on GitHub, like the stars are growing, but kind of like the usage is kind of like flat. In the last six months, have they done some[00:53:4

The President of the National Civics Art Society, Justin Shubow, advocates for classical architecture, which has become uncommon in the modern age. Despite the public debate, he claims classical architecture can inspire meaning for public buildings.  Justin and Martha discuss the possibility of rebuilding New York's Penn Station to have a similar "wow factor" as Grand Central Station, attracting more than just travelers because of its beauty.  Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Karen Olson, the inspiring founder of Family Promise, shares her remarkable journey from a single act of kindness to leading an organization that has transformed the lives of over a million individuals. In this heartfelt conversation with Michael VanZetta, Karen opens up about the pivotal moments that shaped her mission, including a childhood loss that fueled her empathy for others. From giving a sandwich to a homeless woman at Grand Central Station to creating a nationwide network of support for homeless families, Karen's story is a testament to the power of compassion and community. She highlights the invisible struggles of homeless families and how Family Promise has provided a way for people of all faiths to make a tangible difference in their local communities. The conversation also delves into Karen's reflections on life after retirement, her accident that introduced new challenges, and her journey to find purpose through writing her book, Meant for More. With her indomitable spirit, Karen continues to inspire through her advocacy, creativity, and commitment to helping others. Join Michael and Karen as they explore the universal themes of resilience, hope, and the joy that comes from uplifting others. This episode is a moving reminder of how small acts of kindness can spark profound change in the world.

The All Local 2pm Update for Wednesday December 25 2024

Hello to you listening in The Bronx, New York City, New York!Coming to you from Whidbey Island, Washington this is Stories From Women Who Walk with 60 Seconds for Story Prompt Friday and your host, Diane Wyzga.There are promises we make and promises we break; but for those promises we keep there are untold joys we could not have imagined. As in this story. Settle in to listen. This could happen to you.A Christmas Love Story  Story Prompt: A promise is a promise. When did you keep a promise that turned out even better than you could have imagined?   Write that story! 60 Seconds is your daily dose of hope, imagination, wisdom, stories, practical tips, and general riffing on this and that. This is the place to thrive together. Come for the stories - stay for the magic. Speaking of magic, I hope you'll subscribe, follow, share a nice shout out on your social media or podcast channel of choice, including Android, and join us next time! You're invited to stop by the website and subscribe to stay current with Diane, her journeys, her guests, as well as creativity, imagination, walking, stories, camaraderie, and so much more: Quarter Moon Story Arts✓ Check out Services I Offer,✓ Arrange your no-sales, Complimentary Coaching Consult,✓ Stay current with Diane as “Wyzga on Words” on Substack and on LinkedInStories From Women Who Walk Production TeamPodcaster: Diane F Wyzga & Quarter Moon Story ArtsMusic: Mer's Waltz from Crossing the Waters by Steve Schuch & Night Heron MusicAll content and image © 2019 to Present Quarter Moon Story Arts. All rights reserved. 

In this episode, I am thrilled to welcome Monika Bravo, an extraordinary artist, Bitcoiner, and evolutionary astrologer. Monika shares her fascinating journey from Bogota, Colombia, to becoming a professional artist in New York, and eventually moving to Miami Beach. She discusses her unique approach to art, which is deeply intertwined with her spiritual practices and her quest for understanding the nature of reality.Monika opens up about her experiences with public art installations, including her notable work at Grand Central Station in New York. She explains how her art serves as a platform for community engagement and personal reflection, emphasizing the importance of creating art that resonates with the public.We delve into Monika's exploration of astrology and her perspective on truth-seeking, discussing how her understanding of astrology has evolved over the years. Monica also shares insights into her upcoming book, which weaves together her artistic journey, philosophical inquiries, and her understanding of Bitcoin as a state of consciousness.In a captivating segment, Monika provides a personalized astrological reading for me, offering profound insights into my life path, challenges, and opportunities for growth. We explore the themes of freedom, self-trust, and the importance of aligning with one's true purpose.Monika's passion for art, astrology, and Bitcoin shines through as she discusses her future projects and her commitment to empowering others through her work. This episode is a rich tapestry of art, spirituality, and personal growth, offering listeners a unique perspective on how these elements can intersect to create a fulfilling life.NEW BOOK!

Dr. Sharna Striar has over two decades of experience as a certified psychotherapist and sex therapist. During this time, she has worked with hundreds of individuals and couples to resolve their concerns. Her expertise is in guiding individuals and couples to effectively navigate the challenges of adulthood, relationships, and emotions. Dr. Striar's practice is conveniently located in midtown Manhattan, near Grand Central Station. To learn more about Dr. Striar, check out the following link: Dr. Striar's Website: https://sharnastriar.com

Exploring the hidden gems of Manhattan, we take listeners on a vibrant journey through the the city. Beginning in the Murray Hill neighborhood, the American Kennel Club Museum of the Dog, is a unique destination dedicated to celebrating our canine companions through art and exhibits. The museum showcases a rich collection of dog-themed paintings, sculptures, and even an interactive AI exhibit that allows visitors to discover which dog breed they resemble. From here, the adventure continues to the Summit One Vanderbilt, offering breathtaking views from one of Manhattan's tallest skyscrapers. For those arriving via Grand Central Station, the iconic blue ceiling adorned with zodiac signs serves as a dramatic entry point into the city, accompanied by an array of dining and shopping options that reflect the bustling energy of New York. As the tour unfolds, we visit the Pierpont Morgan Library, a former private residence turned museum that houses an impressive collection of rare artifacts, including an original Gutenberg Bible. The opulence of this historic site contrasts nicely with the nearby Flatiron Building, where the aromas of Italian cuisine waft from Eataly, a culinary haven for food lovers. The episode also emphasizes the importance of storytelling in museums, particularly at the Theodore Roosevelt Birthplace, where guided tours reveal the rich history of America's 26th president. Wrapping up the excursion, we go shopping at the Union Square Green Market, the largest farmers market in the city, and the beloved Strand Bookstore, a treasure trove for bibliophiles. The Jackie Robinson Museum further enriches this cultural tapestry, honoring the legacy of the first African American Major League Baseball player. Read the story https://www.gonomad.com/240193-manhattan-sights-youve-missed

One day soon when you see a robot squirrel on a 10-foot unicycle, think of Danielle Strachman. These are the types of ideas Danielle Strachman sees and backs on a regular basis at her VC fund, 1517. The fund, which proudly backs “dropouts, students, and sci-fi,” has had several fund multipliers in their portfolio, including Loom (Acquired by Atlassian) and Luminar Technologies (IPO 2020). Plus, her star-studded community includes Vitalik Buterin of Ethereum, Laura Deming of The Longevity Fund, and Dylan Field of Figma – all of whom she first met when they were teenagers. Danielle's commitment to bringing freedom and autonomy to young people is much of the reason behind 1517's work with upcoming founders — which includes children as young as 10 years old! We talk to Danielle about why her firm hands out cash grants to kids, where she sees the future of deep tech headed and how she's helping it get there, the right characteristics (and anti-characteristics) to look for in founders. Danielle invests $100k angel checks and $500k pre-seed checks out 1517 Fund focusing on dropouts and sci-fi / deep tech founders.Highlights:1517 exists to address the lack of capital for young people and for the deep-tech sci-fi space. Danielle is particularly drawn to “dropouts” who skipped the higher education path to focus on their work and start their companies. Danielle likes to think of her fund as Grand Central Station, a place that helps people get to where they want to go next. She uses her relationship building skills to stay in touch with founders and connect them with new opportunities.  Danielle loves meeting “crazy scientists” and people who are working on solving the future's problems. 1517 is unique because it makes two investments in these types of companies: a $100k angel check for R&D and a $500k pre-seed follow-on check. Danielle understands the power or relationships and mentorship in a space that can often feel impersonal and transactional. She's kept in touch with many founders over the years, including the founders of Loom and Luminar Technologies – whom she met back when they were teenagers! (00:00) - FIFU 15 - Danielle Strachman (06:41) - The 1517 Differentiator: An anti-establishment fund for dropouts (08:15) - The Why: Bringing freedom and autonomy to young people (18:49) - 1517 as Grand Central Station: Helping people get to their next destination (26:35) - Lessons from the Worst Investment: Listen to your gut (35:24) - Best Investments So Far: Loom and Luminar Technologies (37:54) - The Fund Formula: 85% dropout and 15% sci-fi (51:47) - Nurturing Young Talent: How Danielle sources next gen founders (57:34) - Speed round

Explore Central Park - View our Central Park guides here. The High Line + Little Island People Watch at Washington Square Park, Times Square, Grand Central Station, etc. Staten Island Ferry - Learn about tourist traps to avoid here. 9/11 Memorial Pools NYC Public Library on 5th Ave Hudson River Park, Bryant Park, etc. Free Events Art Galleries - See Saw App Walk Any of the Bridges: Brooklyn Bridge, Manhattan Bridge, Queensboro Bridge, Williamsburg Bridge Live Show Tapings - 1iota Bonus Idea: Watch your favorite sports team at a supporters bar. View our full list here.

It was just a ham sandwich.Karen Olson walked that route hundreds of times. Heading home after a long day of work in New York City at pharmaceutical company Warner Lambert, she noticed a woman sitting in front of Grand Central Station who appeared to be homeless. Instead of walking past as she'd done so many times before, she ran across the street and bought the woman a sandwich and a bottle of orange juice. “Thank you,” the woman said. It was the first time she had eaten since the day before. As she sat beside her, Karen took the woman's hand in hers. She was struck by its warmth, even in the cold of a winter's day. “It was in that moment that the vail was lifted,” she said. “I recognized our shared humanity.”  What happened that evening changed the course of her life. A few years later Karen founded the Interfaith Hospitality Network, now renamed Family Promise, to address the devastating effects of family homelessness. Now a national movement with more than 192 affiliates across the country, Olson's work has inspired more than 160,000 volunteers in 42 states to make a difference in the lives of families who are struggling.Karen Olson is President Emerita of Family Promise and the author of a new memoir, Meant for More in which she shares the stories of the many people she met and worked with during her uncanny journey. As you listen to this episode, consider:Karen's work reminds us that small acts can have big impact. What is one small act you can take to help someone today?The power of a single act can be multiplied when we invite others to join us. Where are the opportunities to expand your reach by inviting others to join in the work?Karen believes we are “Meant for More?” What is the “More” that you are called towards?You can learn more about Karen Olson on her website. Get your copy of Meant for More here.To learn more about Robert Maggio, the composer of "Where Love is Love," our theme music, please check out his website.To learn more about Suzanne, visit her website. To learn more about the inspiration for this podcast, please check out Suzanne's memoir, Estrellas - Moments of Illumination Along El Camino de SantiagoFollow Suzanne on Social Media Instagram @suzannemaggio_author Facebook @ Suzanne Maggio author Threads @suzannemaggio_author

John Campbell discusses whether the new £320m hub will help break our car addiction.

Conor Macauley, Northern Correspondent, reports on the opening of a new bus and train station in Belfast.

January 6th was nothing more than a trespassing incident. Steve Cuozzo, NY Post Journalist interview: Steve and Mark talk about everything going on in NYC's bar and restaurant scene. There's a new joint opening in Grand Central Station starting Monday. Scaffoldings must be taken down in Manhattan it's costing businesses millions of dollars.

Mark and Steve talk about the bar and restaurant scene in NYC. There's a great new joint opening in Grand Central Station.

Anti Israel protesters shut down Grand Central Station, how will RFK Jr's presidential run influence the election, and Speaker Johnson navigates government funding. Get the facts first with Morning Wire. Birch Gold: Text "WIRE" to 989898 for your no-cost, no-obligation information kitBlack Rifle Coffee: Hear Clint's story at https://www.blackriflecoffee.com/