Podcasts about Garrett Hardin

É um impulso humano natural e político recuar quando ameaçado por uma crise que parece além do nosso controle. O mundo está enfrentando vários desses estresses ao mesmo tempo: escassez de alimentos, inflação, persistência do COVID-19, guerras e os efeitos do aquecimento global. Coletivamente, eles ameaçam a estabilidade e a prosperidade de países ao redor do mundo. Essa ameaça pode acelerar o recuo da globalização e da cooperação internacional que muitos países já iniciaram. Esta não é a lição a ser tirada. A COVID-19, as mudanças climáticas e agora o espectro de uma crise alimentar global demonstram claramente que os problemas do mundo estão muito entrelaçados e ligados, assim como as soluções. O poder da cooperação foi demonstrado na resposta coordenada ao combate da pandemia do COVID-19. É necessário mais cooperação, não menos, para superar outras crises e virão no futuro. Isso pode se aplicar até mesmo à inflação, um problema agudo que muitas pessoas em vários países, esperam que seus governos nacionais resolvam. A inflação está agora mais alta do que em qualquer outro momento desde o início da década de 1980, o que significa que muitas pessoas não podem continuar comprando os mesmos produtos e serviços. A alta inflação em outras economias desenvolvidas ressalta que o aumento dos preços é um fenômeno global, causado em grande parte por interrupções globais no fornecimento de combustível, alimentos e outros bens. Como muitas vezes acontece, são os países mais pobres que sofrem o impacto, e a história mostra que a fome pode rapidamente se tornar mortal. Nigéria, Somália, Etiópia, Egito e Iêmen, entre outros países no mundo, já sofrem com a escassez de alimentos. É louvável que estejam sendo feitas tentativas para colocar o abastecimento mundial de alimentos à frente das demandas de conflitos bélicos. O dilema entre o interesse pessoal e o bem-estar da coletividade já foi caracterizado como a Tragédia dos Comuns. Embora a expressão exista desde o século XIX, ganhou popularidade em 1968, com o lançamento de livro do ecologista Garrett Hardin, no qual o autor alertava para os riscos de perecimento de recursos naturais no caso de sua exploração desmedida. Os COMUNS segundo Garrett Hardin (1968), são os recursos ambientais como o ar, a água, o solo e os recursos ecossistêmicos de uso compartilhado e comum a todas as espécies e que precisam ser utilizados de forma racional e equilibrada evitando assim, o seu esgotamento ou deterioração, o que seria uma verdadeira tragédia para a vida na Terra. As sociedades humanas vivem o paradigma do consumismo. Após a revolução industrial, a humanidade vem atuando massivamente na superfície do planeta, alterando dramaticamente as paisagens naturais. Muito mais do que em outras épocas. É imperioso aceitar que os efeitos das ações descontroladas e inconsequentes dos seres humanos no planeta afetarão em um primeiro momento os sistemas mais frágeis e as comunidades menos favorecidas. Ao final entretanto, todos sofrerão severamente o resultado da insensatez humana. A biosfera disponibiliza o necessário para a vida equilibrada de todos os seus habitantes. Porém não conseguirá atender aos excessos, pois possui uma capacidade de suporte que é finita. Nenhuma política social do terceiro milênio pode ser dissociada de políticas ambientais firmes e protetivas dos ecossistemas e dos recursos comuns, pois caso contrário estará na contramão das possibilidades de permanência e sobrevivência da espécie humana no planeta. FONTES: https://www.nytimes.com/es/2022/06/20/espanol/opinion/escasez-alimentos-inflacion.html https://www.jota.info/opiniao-e-analise/colunas/reg/coronavirus-e-a-tragedia-dos-comuns-25032020 https://www.biotadofuturo.com.br/a-tragedia-dos-comuns/ IMAGEM: https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/articles/cd10r9l3g7yo Trilha sonora: composição pessoal.

É um impulso humano natural e político recuar quando ameaçado por uma crise que parece além do nosso controle. O mundo está enfrentando vários desses estresses ao mesmo tempo: escassez de alimentos, inflação, persistência do COVID-19, guerras e os efeitos do aquecimento global. Coletivamente, eles ameaçam a estabilidade e a prosperidade de países ao redor do mundo. Essa ameaça pode acelerar o recuo da globalização e da cooperação internacional que muitos países já iniciaram. Esta não é a lição a ser tirada. A COVID-19, as mudanças climáticas e agora o espectro de uma crise alimentar global demonstram claramente que os problemas do mundo estão muito entrelaçados e ligados, assim como as soluções. O poder da cooperação foi demonstrado na resposta coordenada ao combate da pandemia do COVID-19. É necessário mais cooperação, não menos, para superar outras crises e virão no futuro. Isso pode se aplicar até mesmo à inflação, um problema agudo que muitas pessoas em vários países, esperam que seus governos nacionais resolvam. A inflação está agora mais alta do que em qualquer outro momento desde o início da década de 1980, o que significa que muitas pessoas não podem continuar comprando os mesmos produtos e serviços. A alta inflação em outras economias desenvolvidas ressalta que o aumento dos preços é um fenômeno global, causado em grande parte por interrupções globais no fornecimento de combustível, alimentos e outros bens. [...] O dilema entre o interesse pessoal e o bem-estar da coletividade já foi caracterizado como a tragédia dos comuns. Embora a expressão exista desde o século XIX, ganhou popularidade em 1968, com o lançamento de livro do ecologista Garrett Hardin, no qual o autor alertava para os riscos de perecimento de recursos naturais no caso de sua exploração desmedida. Os COMUNS segundo Garrett Hardin (1968), são os recursos ambientais como o ar, a água, o solo e os recursos ecossistêmicos de uso compartilhado e comum a todas as espécies e que precisam ser utilizados de forma racional e equilibrada evitando assim, o seu esgotamento ou deterioração, o que seria uma verdadeira tragédia para a vida na Terra. As sociedades humanas vivem o paradigma do consumismo. Após a revolução industrial, a humanidade vem atuando massivamente na superfície do planeta, alterando dramaticamente as paisagens naturais. Muito mais do que em outras épocas. É imperioso aceitar que os efeitos das ações descontroladas e inconsequentes dos seres humanos no planeta afetarão em um primeiro momento os sistemas mais frágeis e as comunidades menos favorecidas. Ao final entretanto, todos sofrerão severamente o resultado da insensatez humana. A biosfera disponibiliza o necessário para a vida equilibrada de todos os seus habitantes. Porém não conseguirá atender aos excessos, pois possui uma capacidade de suporte que é finita. Nenhuma política social do terceiro milênio pode ser dissociada de políticas ambientais firmes e protetivas dos ecossistemas e dos recursos comuns, pois caso contrário estará na contramão das possibilidades de permanência e sobrevivência da espécie humana no planeta. Fontes (créditos): https://www.nytimes.com/es/2022/06/20/espanol/opinion/escasez-alimentos-inflacion.html https://www.jota.info/opiniao-e-analise/colunas/reg/coronavirus-e-a-tragedia-dos-comuns-25032020 https://www.biotadofuturo.com.br/a-tragedia-dos-comuns/ Imagem (créditos): https://br.freepik.com/fotos-gratis/pessoas-segurando-a-terra-em-suas-maos_14668471.htm#query=mundo&position=4&from_view=keyword&track=sph

É um impulso humano natural e político recuar quando ameaçado por uma crise que parece além do nosso controle. O mundo está enfrentando vários desses estresses ao mesmo tempo: escassez de alimentos, inflação, persistência do COVID-19, guerras e os efeitos do aquecimento global. Coletivamente, eles ameaçam a estabilidade e a prosperidade de países ao redor do mundo. Essa ameaça pode acelerar o recuo da globalização e da cooperação internacional que muitos países já iniciaram. Esta não é a lição a ser tirada. A COVID-19, as mudanças climáticas e agora o espectro de uma crise alimentar global demonstram claramente que os problemas do mundo estão muito entrelaçados e ligados, assim como as soluções. O poder da cooperação foi demonstrado na resposta coordenada ao combate da pandemia do COVID-19. É necessário mais cooperação, não menos, para superar outras crises e virão no futuro. Isso pode se aplicar até mesmo à inflação, um problema agudo que muitas pessoas em vários países, esperam que seus governos nacionais resolvam. A inflação está agora mais alta do que em qualquer outro momento desde o início da década de 1980, o que significa que muitas pessoas não podem continuar comprando os mesmos produtos e serviços. A alta inflação em outras economias desenvolvidas ressalta que o aumento dos preços é um fenômeno global, causado em grande parte por interrupções globais no fornecimento de combustível, alimentos e outros bens. Como muitas vezes acontece, são os países mais pobres que sofrem o impacto, e a história mostra que a fome pode rapidamente se tornar mortal. Nigéria, Somália, Etiópia, Egito e Iêmen, entre outros países no mundo, já sofrem com a escassez de alimentos. [...] O dilema entre o interesse pessoal e o bem-estar da coletividade já foi caracterizado como a Tragédia dos Comuns. Embora a expressão exista desde o século XIX, ganhou popularidade em 1968, com o lançamento de livro do ecologista Garrett Hardin, no qual o autor alertava para os riscos de perecimento de recursos naturais no caso de sua exploração desmedida. Os COMUNS segundo Garrett Hardin (1968), são os recursos ambientais como o ar, a água, o solo e os recursos ecossistêmicos de uso compartilhado e comum a todas as espécies e que precisam ser utilizados de forma racional e equilibrada evitando assim, o seu esgotamento ou deterioração, o que seria uma verdadeira tragédia para a vida na Terra. As sociedades humanas vivem o paradigma do consumismo. Após a Revolução Industrial, a humanidade vem atuando massivamente na superfície do planeta, alterando dramaticamente as paisagens naturais. Muito mais do que em outras épocas. É imperioso aceitar que os efeitos das ações descontroladas e inconsequentes dos seres humanos no planeta afetarão em um primeiro momento os sistemas mais frágeis e as comunidades menos favorecidas. Ao final entretanto, todos sofrerão severamente o resultado da insensatez humana. A biosfera disponibiliza o necessário para a vida equilibrada de todos os seus habitantes. Porém não conseguirá atender aos excessos, pois possui uma capacidade de suporte que é finita. Nenhuma política social do terceiro milênio pode ser dissociada de políticas ambientais firmes e protetivas dos ecossistemas e dos recursos comuns, pois caso contrário estará na contramão das possibilidades de permanência e sobrevivência da espécie humana neste Planeta. FONTES (créditos): https://www.nytimes.com/es/2022/06/20/espanol/opinion/escasez-alimentos-inflacion.html https://www.jota.info/opiniao-e-analise/colunas/reg/coronavirus-e-a-tragedia-dos-comuns-25032020 https://www.biotadofuturo.com.br/a-tragedia-dos-comuns/ IMAGEM (créditos): https://br.freepik.com/fotos-gratis/pessoas-segurando-a-terra-em-suas-maos_14668471.htm#query=mundo&position=4&from_view=keyword&track=sph Trilha sonora: acervo pessoal - composição pessoal. --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/multimidiavillage/message

I've decided to unlock the first ever Zoned Out bonus episode, a review of Garrett Hardin's 1968 essay The Tragedy of the Commons. Enjoy!Subscribe to the Patreon for $2 per month! You'll get access to bonus episodes, livestreams, the Discord server, and more!Josh's YouTube channel, Radical Planning. The podcast Instagram where I mostly just post pictures of Mimi the cat. The podcast website - it's cute and functions fairly well! The podcast Tumblr. God has abandoned this place. The podcast YouTube. Mostly episode uploads, but sometimes other stuff too!

in 1968 Garrett Hardin published 'The Tragedy of the Commons' and since that time his ideas have proved highly influential to a wide range of thinkers including philosophers, political scientists, economists, ecologists, and biologists. Tune to learn what the tragedy of the commons is and what solutions have been offered to try to address the problem. A link to Hardin's article can be found here: https://math.uchicago.edu/~shmuel/Modeling/Hardin,%20Tragedy%20of%20the%20Commons.pdf Send your questions, comments, and ideas for future episodes to: eggtimerphilosophy@gmail.com Image Attribution: Image Attribution: By Lennart Sikkema - Imported from 500px (archived version) by the Archive Team. (detail page), CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=73619388

Pour une fois j'ai voulu faire un épisode qui rebondit un peu sur l'actualité :  le 13 avril dernier, le journaliste Hugo Clément a accepté l'invitation à aller débattre face au président du Rassemblement national Jordan Bardella, lors d'une soirée organisée par le média d'extrême-droite Valeurs actuelles. Cette participation d'une figure médiatique engagé pour l'écologie et pour les animaux a fait réagir et le mot 'écofascisme' a été utilisé dans les voix critiques qui se sont exprimées, arguant notamment qu'Hugo Clément participait ainsi à la banalisation des idées, notamment racistes et xénophobes, de l'extrême-droite en leur servant de caution écologiste.  Comme toujours, l'idée dans Comme un poisson dans l'eau est de prendre du recul pour pouvoir traiter les questions de fond qui sont soulevées par cette affaire et en saisir tous les enjeux ! Et je pense que pour avoir toutes les clés de ce débat, il est essentiel avant tout de bien connaître ce qu'est l'écofascisme, pour vraiment comprendre ce que ça implique concrètement que l'extrême-droite s'empare de l'écologie. On décortique tout ça avec un spécialiste de la question : Antoine Dubiau, qui est doctorant en géographie à l'UNIGE sur l'histoire des mouvements écologistes et l'auteur de l'ouvrage Écofascismes paru en 2022 aux éditions Grévis !  Cet épisode est la 1ère partie d'un entretien en 3 parties.  Bonne écoute et hâte d'avoir vos retours ! ________________________________ Références et sources citées dans l'entretien :  - La possibilité du fascisme - Ugo Palheta - Reconnaître le fascisme - Umberto Eco - Le Nouvel ordre écologiste - Luc Ferry - Article "Les nazis : véritables amis des animaux ?" par Lauretta Eckhardt dans l'Amorce : https://lamorce.co/les-nazis-veritables-amis-des-animaux/ - Attentats de Christchurch par le terroriste Brenton Tarrant : https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attentats_de_Christchurch - Concept d'hégémonie culturelle d'Antonio Gramsci - Le grand remplacement - Renaud Camus  - Race et histoire - Claude Lévi-Strauss (Cet ouvrage faisait partie d'une campagne de l'UNESCO contre le racisme) - Ethno-différentialisme : https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethno-différentialisme - Éco-différentialisme, concept forgé par Pierre Madelin (dont il parle notamment dans cet article : https://www.terrestres.org/2020/06/26/la-tentation-eco-fasciste-migrations-et-ecologie/) - La tentation écofasciste - Pierre Madelin - Fascisme fossile - Collectif Zetkin - Les localistes, micro-parti lancé par Hervé Juvin et Andrea Kotarac - Comment tout peut s'effondrer - Pablo Servigne et Raphaël Stevens - La convergence des catastrophes - Guillaume Faye - Le biologiste Garrett Hardin, écologie américain et pamphlétaire suprémaciste blanc ________________________________ SOUTENIR : https://linktr.ee/poissonpodcast Comme un poisson dans l'eau est un podcast indépendant et sans publicité : votre soutien est indispensable pour qu'il puisse continuer à exister. Merci d'avance ! Les comptes Instagram, Twitter, Facebook et Mastodon du podcast sont également à retrouver dans le link tree ! CRÉDITS Comme un poisson dans l'eau est un podcast indépendant créé et animé par Victor Duran-Le Peuch. Charte graphique : Ivan Ocaña Générique : Synthwave Vibe par Meydän Musique : Overdose par Jahzzar

What's the relationship between immigration, globalization and demographics? And what is woke particularism? John and Elizabeth turn for answers to Quinn Slobodian, professor of history at Wellesley College and author, most recently, of Globalists: The End of Empire and the Birth of Neoliberalism. In a 2019 discussion that proves eerily prescient of politics in 2022, first discuss Jean Raspail‘s racist 1973 novel The Camp of the Saints, a book whose popularity in certain quarters since its publication might explain how Europe has gone from Thatcher to Brexit, from Vaclav Havel to Viktor Orban. How is this xenophobic screed related to science fiction of the same period–and to John Locke? Pat Buchanan, American early adapter of Raspail's hate-mongering, figures prominently. They then turn to Garrett Hardin's “Living on a Lifeboat” and John Lanchester's recent novel The Wall to work out the ideas of forming a society beyond or beneath the state in less obviously racist terms than Raspail's. What kind of hard choices need to be made in allocating resources? What claims about hard choices are just a screen for the powerful to make choices that, for them, aren't actually that hard? Does gold make things more or less nationalized? Finally, in Recallable Books, Quinn recommends Mutant Neoliberalism, edited by William Callison and Zachary Manfredi, for an attempt to really understand the politics of 2016 and beyond; Elizabeth recommends Douglas Holmes's Economy of Words, an ethnography of central banks; and John recommends Ursula K. Le Guin's The Dispossessed, a novel of solitary solidarity. Discussed in this episode: The Camp of the Saints, Jean Raspail A Republic, Not an Empire and The Death of the West, Pat Buchanan Dune, Frank Herbert “Living on a Lifeboat,” Garrett Hardin The Lobster Gangs of Maine, James M. Acheson The Limits to Growth, the Club of Rome Libra, dir. Patty Newman “Slaveship Earth & the World-Historical Imagination in the Age of Climate Crisis,” Jason W. Moore The Wall, John Lanchester Mutant Neoliberalism: Market Rule and Political Rupture, eds. William Callison and Zachary Manfredi Economy of Words: Communicative Imperatives in Central Banks, Douglas R. Holmes The Dispossessed: An Ambiguous Utopia, Ursula K. Le Guin Read here: RTB Slobodian Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/new-books-network

What's the relationship between immigration, globalization and demographics? And what is woke particularism? John and Elizabeth turn for answers to Quinn Slobodian, professor of history at Wellesley College and author, most recently, of Globalists: The End of Empire and the Birth of Neoliberalism. In a 2019 discussion that proves eerily prescient of politics in 2022, first discuss Jean Raspail‘s racist 1973 novel The Camp of the Saints, a book whose popularity in certain quarters since its publication might explain how Europe has gone from Thatcher to Brexit, from Vaclav Havel to Viktor Orban. How is this xenophobic screed related to science fiction of the same period–and to John Locke? Pat Buchanan, American early adapter of Raspail's hate-mongering, figures prominently. They then turn to Garrett Hardin's “Living on a Lifeboat” and John Lanchester's recent novel The Wall to work out the ideas of forming a society beyond or beneath the state in less obviously racist terms than Raspail's. What kind of hard choices need to be made in allocating resources? What claims about hard choices are just a screen for the powerful to make choices that, for them, aren't actually that hard? Does gold make things more or less nationalized? Finally, in Recallable Books, Quinn recommends Mutant Neoliberalism, edited by William Callison and Zachary Manfredi, for an attempt to really understand the politics of 2016 and beyond; Elizabeth recommends Douglas Holmes's Economy of Words, an ethnography of central banks; and John recommends Ursula K. Le Guin's The Dispossessed, a novel of solitary solidarity. Discussed in this episode: The Camp of the Saints, Jean Raspail A Republic, Not an Empire and The Death of the West, Pat Buchanan Dune, Frank Herbert “Living on a Lifeboat,” Garrett Hardin The Lobster Gangs of Maine, James M. Acheson The Limits to Growth, the Club of Rome Libra, dir. Patty Newman “Slaveship Earth & the World-Historical Imagination in the Age of Climate Crisis,” Jason W. Moore The Wall, John Lanchester Mutant Neoliberalism: Market Rule and Political Rupture, eds. William Callison and Zachary Manfredi Economy of Words: Communicative Imperatives in Central Banks, Douglas R. Holmes The Dispossessed: An Ambiguous Utopia, Ursula K. Le Guin Read here: RTB Slobodian Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

What's the relationship between immigration, globalization and demographics? And what is woke particularism? John and Elizabeth turn for answers to Quinn Slobodian, professor of history at Wellesley College and author, most recently, of Globalists: The End of Empire and the Birth of Neoliberalism. In a 2019 discussion that proves eerily prescient of politics in 2022, first discuss Jean Raspail‘s racist 1973 novel The Camp of the Saints, a book whose popularity in certain quarters since its publication might explain how Europe has gone from Thatcher to Brexit, from Vaclav Havel to Viktor Orban. How is this xenophobic screed related to science fiction of the same period–and to John Locke? Pat Buchanan, American early adapter of Raspail's hate-mongering, figures prominently. They then turn to Garrett Hardin's “Living on a Lifeboat” and John Lanchester's recent novel The Wall to work out the ideas of forming a society beyond or beneath the state in less obviously racist terms than Raspail's. What kind of hard choices need to be made in allocating resources? What claims about hard choices are just a screen for the powerful to make choices that, for them, aren't actually that hard? Does gold make things more or less nationalized? Finally, in Recallable Books, Quinn recommends Mutant Neoliberalism, edited by William Callison and Zachary Manfredi, for an attempt to really understand the politics of 2016 and beyond; Elizabeth recommends Douglas Holmes's Economy of Words, an ethnography of central banks; and John recommends Ursula K. Le Guin's The Dispossessed, a novel of solitary solidarity. Discussed in this episode: The Camp of the Saints, Jean Raspail A Republic, Not an Empire and The Death of the West, Pat Buchanan Dune, Frank Herbert “Living on a Lifeboat,” Garrett Hardin The Lobster Gangs of Maine, James M. Acheson The Limits to Growth, the Club of Rome Libra, dir. Patty Newman “Slaveship Earth & the World-Historical Imagination in the Age of Climate Crisis,” Jason W. Moore The Wall, John Lanchester Mutant Neoliberalism: Market Rule and Political Rupture, eds. William Callison and Zachary Manfredi Economy of Words: Communicative Imperatives in Central Banks, Douglas R. Holmes The Dispossessed: An Ambiguous Utopia, Ursula K. Le Guin Read here: RTB Slobodian Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/literary-studies

What's the relationship between immigration, globalization and demographics? And what is woke particularism? John and Elizabeth turn for answers to Quinn Slobodian, professor of history at Wellesley College and author, most recently, of Globalists: The End of Empire and the Birth of Neoliberalism. In a 2019 discussion that proves eerily prescient of politics in 2022, first discuss Jean Raspail‘s racist 1973 novel The Camp of the Saints, a book whose popularity in certain quarters since its publication might explain how Europe has gone from Thatcher to Brexit, from Vaclav Havel to Viktor Orban. How is this xenophobic screed related to science fiction of the same period–and to John Locke? Pat Buchanan, American early adapter of Raspail's hate-mongering, figures prominently. They then turn to Garrett Hardin's “Living on a Lifeboat” and John Lanchester's recent novel The Wall to work out the ideas of forming a society beyond or beneath the state in less obviously racist terms than Raspail's. What kind of hard choices need to be made in allocating resources? What claims about hard choices are just a screen for the powerful to make choices that, for them, aren't actually that hard? Does gold make things more or less nationalized? Finally, in Recallable Books, Quinn recommends Mutant Neoliberalism, edited by William Callison and Zachary Manfredi, for an attempt to really understand the politics of 2016 and beyond; Elizabeth recommends Douglas Holmes's Economy of Words, an ethnography of central banks; and John recommends Ursula K. Le Guin's The Dispossessed, a novel of solitary solidarity. Discussed in this episode: The Camp of the Saints, Jean Raspail A Republic, Not an Empire and The Death of the West, Pat Buchanan Dune, Frank Herbert “Living on a Lifeboat,” Garrett Hardin The Lobster Gangs of Maine, James M. Acheson The Limits to Growth, the Club of Rome Libra, dir. Patty Newman “Slaveship Earth & the World-Historical Imagination in the Age of Climate Crisis,” Jason W. Moore The Wall, John Lanchester Mutant Neoliberalism: Market Rule and Political Rupture, eds. William Callison and Zachary Manfredi Economy of Words: Communicative Imperatives in Central Banks, Douglas R. Holmes The Dispossessed: An Ambiguous Utopia, Ursula K. Le Guin Read here: RTB Slobodian Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/intellectual-history

What's the relationship between immigration, globalization and demographics? And what is woke particularism? John and Elizabeth turn for answers to Quinn Slobodian, professor of history at Wellesley College and author, most recently, of Globalists: The End of Empire and the Birth of Neoliberalism. In a 2019 discussion that proves eerily prescient of politics in 2022, first discuss Jean Raspail‘s racist 1973 novel The Camp of the Saints, a book whose popularity in certain quarters since its publication might explain how Europe has gone from Thatcher to Brexit, from Vaclav Havel to Viktor Orban. How is this xenophobic screed related to science fiction of the same period–and to John Locke? Pat Buchanan, American early adapter of Raspail's hate-mongering, figures prominently. They then turn to Garrett Hardin's “Living on a Lifeboat” and John Lanchester's recent novel The Wall to work out the ideas of forming a society beyond or beneath the state in less obviously racist terms than Raspail's. What kind of hard choices need to be made in allocating resources? What claims about hard choices are just a screen for the powerful to make choices that, for them, aren't actually that hard? Does gold make things more or less nationalized? Finally, in Recallable Books, Quinn recommends Mutant Neoliberalism, edited by William Callison and Zachary Manfredi, for an attempt to really understand the politics of 2016 and beyond; Elizabeth recommends Douglas Holmes's Economy of Words, an ethnography of central banks; and John recommends Ursula K. Le Guin's The Dispossessed, a novel of solitary solidarity. Discussed in this episode: The Camp of the Saints, Jean Raspail A Republic, Not an Empire and The Death of the West, Pat Buchanan Dune, Frank Herbert “Living on a Lifeboat,” Garrett Hardin The Lobster Gangs of Maine, James M. Acheson The Limits to Growth, the Club of Rome Libra, dir. Patty Newman “Slaveship Earth & the World-Historical Imagination in the Age of Climate Crisis,” Jason W. Moore The Wall, John Lanchester Mutant Neoliberalism: Market Rule and Political Rupture, eds. William Callison and Zachary Manfredi Economy of Words: Communicative Imperatives in Central Banks, Douglas R. Holmes The Dispossessed: An Ambiguous Utopia, Ursula K. Le Guin Read here: RTB Slobodian Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/american-studies

What's the relationship between immigration, globalization and demographics? And what is woke particularism? John and Elizabeth turn for answers to Quinn Slobodian, professor of history at Wellesley College and author, most recently, of Globalists: The End of Empire and the Birth of Neoliberalism. In a 2019 discussion that proves eerily prescient of politics in 2022, first discuss Jean Raspail‘s racist 1973 novel The Camp of the Saints, a book whose popularity in certain quarters since its publication might explain how Europe has gone from Thatcher to Brexit, from Vaclav Havel to Viktor Orban. How is this xenophobic screed related to science fiction of the same period–and to John Locke? Pat Buchanan, American early adapter of Raspail's hate-mongering, figures prominently. They then turn to Garrett Hardin's “Living on a Lifeboat” and John Lanchester's recent novel The Wall to work out the ideas of forming a society beyond or beneath the state in less obviously racist terms than Raspail's. What kind of hard choices need to be made in allocating resources? What claims about hard choices are just a screen for the powerful to make choices that, for them, aren't actually that hard? Does gold make things more or less nationalized? Finally, in Recallable Books, Quinn recommends Mutant Neoliberalism, edited by William Callison and Zachary Manfredi, for an attempt to really understand the politics of 2016 and beyond; Elizabeth recommends Douglas Holmes's Economy of Words, an ethnography of central banks; and John recommends Ursula K. Le Guin's The Dispossessed, a novel of solitary solidarity. Discussed in this episode: The Camp of the Saints, Jean Raspail A Republic, Not an Empire and The Death of the West, Pat Buchanan Dune, Frank Herbert “Living on a Lifeboat,” Garrett Hardin The Lobster Gangs of Maine, James M. Acheson The Limits to Growth, the Club of Rome Libra, dir. Patty Newman “Slaveship Earth & the World-Historical Imagination in the Age of Climate Crisis,” Jason W. Moore The Wall, John Lanchester Mutant Neoliberalism: Market Rule and Political Rupture, eds. William Callison and Zachary Manfredi Economy of Words: Communicative Imperatives in Central Banks, Douglas R. Holmes The Dispossessed: An Ambiguous Utopia, Ursula K. Le Guin Read here: RTB Slobodian Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/european-studies

What's the relationship between immigration, globalization and demographics? And what is woke particularism? John and Elizabeth turn for answers to Quinn Slobodian, professor of history at Wellesley College and author, most recently, of Globalists: The End of Empire and the Birth of Neoliberalism. In a 2019 discussion that proves eerily prescient of politics in 2022, first discuss Jean Raspail‘s racist 1973 novel The Camp of the Saints, a book whose popularity in certain quarters since its publication might explain how Europe has gone from Thatcher to Brexit, from Vaclav Havel to Viktor Orban. How is this xenophobic screed related to science fiction of the same period–and to John Locke? Pat Buchanan, American early adapter of Raspail's hate-mongering, figures prominently. They then turn to Garrett Hardin's “Living on a Lifeboat” and John Lanchester's recent novel The Wall to work out the ideas of forming a society beyond or beneath the state in less obviously racist terms than Raspail's. What kind of hard choices need to be made in allocating resources? What claims about hard choices are just a screen for the powerful to make choices that, for them, aren't actually that hard? Does gold make things more or less nationalized? Finally, in Recallable Books, Quinn recommends Mutant Neoliberalism, edited by William Callison and Zachary Manfredi, for an attempt to really understand the politics of 2016 and beyond; Elizabeth recommends Douglas Holmes's Economy of Words, an ethnography of central banks; and John recommends Ursula K. Le Guin's The Dispossessed, a novel of solitary solidarity. Discussed in this episode: The Camp of the Saints, Jean Raspail A Republic, Not an Empire and The Death of the West, Pat Buchanan Dune, Frank Herbert “Living on a Lifeboat,” Garrett Hardin The Lobster Gangs of Maine, James M. Acheson The Limits to Growth, the Club of Rome Libra, dir. Patty Newman “Slaveship Earth & the World-Historical Imagination in the Age of Climate Crisis,” Jason W. Moore The Wall, John Lanchester Mutant Neoliberalism: Market Rule and Political Rupture, eds. William Callison and Zachary Manfredi Economy of Words: Communicative Imperatives in Central Banks, Douglas R. Holmes The Dispossessed: An Ambiguous Utopia, Ursula K. Le Guin Read here: RTB Slobodian Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices Support our show by becoming a premium member! https://newbooksnetwork.supportingcast.fm/french-studies

What's the relationship between immigration, globalization and demographics? And what is woke particularism? John and Elizabeth turn for answers to Quinn Slobodian, professor of history at Wellesley College and author, most recently, of Globalists: The End of Empire and the Birth of Neoliberalism. In a 2019 discussion that proves eerily prescient of politics in 2022, first discuss Jean Raspail‘s racist 1973 novel The Camp of the Saints, a book whose popularity in certain quarters since its publication might explain how Europe has gone from Thatcher to Brexit, from Vaclav Havel to Viktor Orban. How is this xenophobic screed related to science fiction of the same period–and to John Locke? Pat Buchanan, American early adapter of Raspail's hate-mongering, figures prominently. They then turn to Garrett Hardin's “Living on a Lifeboat” and John Lanchester's recent novel The Wall to work out the ideas of forming a society beyond or beneath the state in less obviously racist terms than Raspail's. What kind of hard choices need to be made in allocating resources? What claims about hard choices are just a screen for the powerful to make choices that, for them, aren't actually that hard? Does gold make things more or less nationalized? Finally, in Recallable Books, Quinn recommends Mutant Neoliberalism, edited by William Callison and Zachary Manfredi, for an attempt to really understand the politics of 2016 and beyond; Elizabeth recommends Douglas Holmes's Economy of Words, an ethnography of central banks; and John recommends Ursula K. Le Guin's The Dispossessed, a novel of solitary solidarity. Discussed in this episode: The Camp of the Saints, Jean Raspail A Republic, Not an Empire and The Death of the West, Pat Buchanan Dune, Frank Herbert “Living on a Lifeboat,” Garrett Hardin The Lobster Gangs of Maine, James M. Acheson The Limits to Growth, the Club of Rome Libra, dir. Patty Newman “Slaveship Earth & the World-Historical Imagination in the Age of Climate Crisis,” Jason W. Moore The Wall, John Lanchester Mutant Neoliberalism: Market Rule and Political Rupture, eds. William Callison and Zachary Manfredi Economy of Words: Communicative Imperatives in Central Banks, Douglas R. Holmes The Dispossessed: An Ambiguous Utopia, Ursula K. Le Guin Read here: RTB Slobodian Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Hello Interactors,I took a break traveling to the Midwest and East Coast of the United States visiting family and friends the last few weeks, but am back now. Today I continue my inquiry into the ‘circular economy' by exploring its history. While it is often portrayed as a recent phenomenon, the origins date back to 1945. And since then, it's traversed a vast landscape of economic and political ideas and philosophies that are as seemingly polarizing as today's politics and economies!As interactors, you're special individuals self-selected to be a part of an evolutionary journey. You're also members of an attentive community so I welcome your participation.Please leave your comments below or email me directly.Now let's go…THE ECONOMY OF PERMANANCEThe guest room was void of furniture and the pungent stench of the squatting toilets punctured the hot humid air. Joseph's appointment wasn't until 2:00PM, so he waited outside along the cool banks of the Sabarmati. This significantly religious Indian river would have been free of garbage and toxins in 1929.When it was time for his meeting, he climbed the riverbank. His steps were aided by a long walking stick. As he crested to flat ground he looked up and saw an old man under a tree spinning in circles. He stood there leaning on his stick watching the man twirl for what felt like five minutes or more. Suddenly he stopped and looked at Joseph with a toothless grin and said, “You must be Joseph.” It was then Joseph realized his 2:00 meeting was to be outside. For standing before him was the man he was to meet – Mahatma Gandhi. Gandhi sat on the ground, legs crossed, as his white robe draped over his knees. Joseph felt compelled to join him. As he sat, he felt the dirt skid under his pressed trousers as he loosened his starched white shirt and black tie. Joseph Kumarappa, better known as J. C. Kumarappa, was there at Gandhi's request. Gandhi had read a paper he had written on the role public finance played in poverty-stricken India and wanted him to write a column in Gandhi's weekly magazine called Young India. By the time of this meeting, Gandhi's revolutionary movement left him fearful he'd be imprisoned at any moment. He wanted his magazine to continue carrying his message with Kumarappa as a contributing writer. After years of publishing successful articles, Gandhi asked Kumarappa to turn his work into a small pamphlet for further dissemination. He agreed and asked Gandhi to write the forward. Soon there after, Gandhi was imprisoned. As was Kumarappa.Gandhi wrote the forward on a train to Bombay in August of 1945. It began, “Dr. Kumarappa's on ‘The Economy of Permanence' is a jail production.” He continued that it is through “Plain Living and High Thinking” that “we shall arrive at the economy of permanence in the place of that of the fleeting nature we see around us at present.”J. C. Kumarappa was one of Gandhi's closest collaborators and chief economist. Kumarappa observed, “There are certain things found in Nature which apparently have no life and do not grow or increase, and so get exhausted or consumed by being used. The world possesses a certain stock or reservoir of such materials as coal, petroleum, ores or minerals like iron, copper, gold etc. These being available in fixed quantities, may be said to be 'transient' while the current of overflowing water in a river or the constantly growing timber of a forest may be considered 'permanent' as their stock is inexhaustible in the service of man when only the flow or increase is taken advantage of.”He advocated for maintaining an economy of continuity and circularity with nature. Using the bee as a metaphor, he wrote, “The bees etc. while gathering the nectar and pollen from these plants for their own good, fertilize the flowers and the grains, that are formed in consequence, again become the source of life of the next generation of plants.”While Kumarappa was trained as an economist in the West at Columbia University, he was critical of its exploitive orthodoxy. He said, “The Western plans are material centred. That is to say, they want to exploit all resources.” He was encouraged to pursue his economic philosophies by his professor and progressive economist, Edwin Seligman. Kumarappa's book, The Economy of Permanence forms the foundation for Gandhian Economics and is one of the first known precursors to what we now call Circular Economy.SPACE COWBOYS OF THE COMMONSThe critique of over exploitive economies returned in 1966 when the economist and cofounder of Systems Theory, Kenneth Boulding, described it as a “cowboy economy”. He chose the image of a cowboy because, “the cowboy [is] symbolic of the illimitable plains and also associated with reckless, exploitative, romantic, and violent behavior...” He offered that “systems may be open or closed in respect to a number of classes of inputs and outputs” and that the ‘cowboy' mentality assumes earth to be an open system filled with limitless natural resources as inputs for outputs – namely, products for consumption.Instead, he offered another metaphor gaining in popularity in the late sixties – a “spaceman”. He said, “the ‘spaceman' economy, in which the earth has become a single spaceship, [is] without unlimited reservoirs of anything, either for extraction or for pollution…therefore, man must find his place in a cyclical ecological system…” His ideas for such a circular economy were summarized in a short, but influential, paper titled, The Economics of the Coming Spaceship Earth.Two years later, in 1968, ecologist Garrett Hardin wrote a paper for the publication Science that popularized a century old dilemma regarding the economic use of shared natural resources. It is called The Tragedy of the Commons. The tragedy, he theorized, is that any shared natural resource will become over exploited or polluted because people would act out of self-interest versus sharing and caring for the common good.He wrote, “Therein is the tragedy. Each man is locked into a system that compels him to increase his herd without limit – in a world that is limited. Ruin is the destination toward which all men rush, each pursuing his own best interest in a society that believes in the freedom of the commons.” He called for “coercive laws or taxing devices that make it cheaper for the polluter to treat his pollutants than to discharge them untreated.” Hardin's primary study was population growth as was the British economist William Forster Lloyd who first introduced the theory of the commons in 1833. Hardin wasn't the only one concerned with population growth and its impact on nature.The same year Hardin published The Tragedy of the Commons, 1968, a Stanford biologist and his wife, Paul and Anne Ehrlich, published a book on the effects of population growth called The Population Bomb. It warned of a worldwide famine and social upheaval due to human overpopulation on a planet of limited resources. They called for “legislation to stop the wasting of resources” asking governments to “move toward creating a vast waste recovery industry, an industry that might well make ‘trash' obsolete. Reusable containers might be required by law for virtually all products”, they believed.  More technological solutions began creeping into precursors to circular economy four years later in a 1972 report called The Limits of Growth. The lead author was Donella Meadows, an environmental scientist, professor, and writer who started as a research fellow under Jay Forrester at MIT. I mentioned Forrester back in May; he is the founder of the field of system dynamics – the study of nonlinear behavior of complex systems over time. The Limits of Growth was the culmination of a computer simulation using the World3 model developed by Forrester.The researchers used “population, food production, industrialization, pollution, and consumption of nonrenewable natural resources" as five primary variables in computing the effects of exponential population and economic growth in a world of limited resources. It predicted that "the most probable result will be a rather sudden and uncontrollable decline in both population and industrial capacity." They surmised, like the Ehrlich's, that “technological advance would be both necessary and welcome in the equilibrium state” including “new methods of waste collection to decrease pollution and make discarded material available for recycling.”Throughout the 1970s came more calls for ‘ecological design', ‘steady-state economics', and studies of ‘deep ecology' aimed at staving off a catastrophic ‘overshoot'. In 2020 a group of researchers compiled a literature review of publications from 1945 to 2020 and developed a typology of circular economy discourse that includes a timeline. This early work marked what they called the ‘Preamble Period' of circular economy research stretching from 1945 to 1980. Much of the research leading up to the 80s focused on ‘techno-fixes', like recycling and water treatment, to deal with increased waste.DOUGHNUTS OF REFORM OR BUILD THE WALL?The 1980s then marked the beginning of what they call the ‘Excitement Period' which includes the first use of the conjoined words ‘circular' and ‘economy' by David Pearce and Kerry Turner in their 1989 book Economics of Natural Resources and the Environment. This period lasted through 2010 with research focused on ‘connecting input and output in strategies for eco-efficiency'. It included inquiries into ‘biomimicry', ‘closed-loop supply chains', and ‘industrial metabolism'.  This period also saw the introduction of the ‘first holistic circularity frameworks.' This includes the 1992 United Nations Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, research into complex systems to conduct ‘regenerative design', and ideas around the fusing of ‘ecological integrity' with ‘business acumen' through ‘natural capitalism'. The literature review revealed these were all early forays into ‘reformist views on circularity' that ‘integrated socio-economic approaches to resources, consumption, and waste.'Those efforts continued from 2010 into the current period these researchers call the ‘validity challenge period' which include ‘new holistic views on circularity.' This includes one of my favorites from the British economist Kate Raworth in her 2017 book, Doughnut Economics. She describes a visual framework that envisions a doughnut shaped economy combining elements of planetary and societal boundaries to create a ‘safe and just space for humanity'. Other research uses color as a metaphor. The ‘blue economy' seeks a regenerative economy that avoids debt cycles that lead to people to living in the ‘red' through a more practicable approach than offered by the environmentalist's ‘green' economy.The literature review also uncovered more radical ‘transformational views of circularity' that call for ‘degrowth', ‘eco-socialism', and ‘voluntary simplicity'. The Pope's 2015 ‘Laudato Si' even gets a nod. Transformational views also included non-western visions from the ‘Global South' like the Ecuadorian government's 2008 constitution – the worlds first codified ‘Rights to Nature'. Zimbabwean educator Overson Shumba offers a call for Commons thinking, ecological intelligence and the ethical and moral framework of Ubuntu as “an imperative for sustainable development.” Also included is a 2019 collection of over 100 essays offering “radically different worldviews and practices from around the world that point to an ecologically wise and socially just world” and call for a ‘pluriverse' – a society “where members of diverse ethnic, racial, religious, or social groups can maintain and develop their own traditional culture or special interest within the confines of a common civilization.”The researchers who assembled this timeline of influential papers, books, and essays then constructed a two-by-two matrix of themes found in the work. On the horizontal axis are ‘approaches to social, economic, environmental, and political considerations' that divide into two categories: ‘Holistic' and ‘Segmented.' On the vertical axis is ‘technological innovation and ecological collapse' divided into the categories of ‘Skeptical' and ‘Optimistic'.This forms a quadrant with the upper left corner being ‘optimistic' and ‘holistic' framing a ‘reformist circular society'. This society assumes a ‘reformed form of capitalism is compatible with sustainability' with the help of technology that decouples ‘ecology' from ‘economy'. The goal would be ‘economic prosperity and human well-being within the biophysical boundaries of the earth'. The means would be ‘technological breakthroughs and new business models that improve ecological health, resource security, and material prosperity for all.'The upper right quadrant is ‘optimistic' and ‘segmented' through a ‘technocentric circular economy'. This assumes capitalism is already compatible with sustainability and, like the ‘reformists', relies on technology innovation to prevent ecological collapse. The goal is ‘sustainable human progress and prosperity without negative environmental externalities.' This would require ‘economic innovations, new business models, and unprecedented breakthroughs in circular economy technologies.'The lower left is made up of ‘skeptical' and ‘holistic' creating a ‘transformational circular society'. Unlike the last two quadrants, this assumes ‘capitalism is incompatible with sustainability and socio-technical innovation cannot bring absolute eco-economic decoupling to prevent ecological collapse.' The goal would be ‘a world of conviviality and frugal abundance for all, while fairly distributing the biophysical resources of the earth.' To get there would require ‘complete reconfiguration of the current socio-political system and a shift away from productivist and anthropocentric worldviews.” Humanity's ecological footprint would need drastic reduction to ‘ensure that everyone can live meaningfully and in harmony with the earth.'Lastly, the lower right consists of ‘skeptical' and ‘segmented' creating a ‘fortress circular economy'. This assumes ‘there is no alternative to capitalism and socio-technical innovation cannot bring absolute eco-economic decoupling to prevent ecological collapse.' The goal would be to ‘maintain geostrategic resource security and earth system stability in a global condition where widespread resource scarcity and human overpopulation cannot provide for all.' This would rely on ‘innovative technologies and business models combined with rationalized resource use, imposed frugality and strict migration and population controls.'As I suggested in my last piece on challenges to corporate and economic environmental and social governance, and as these researchers have discovered, attempts at moving toward elements of a circular economy run the risk of also being met with a ‘validity challenge'. With this literature review and subsequent typologies of academic discourse over the last 77 years, these researchers hope to provide academics and practitioners with a framework to “better analyse current policies and practices on circularity and sustainability transitions in general.” They do warn, however, that “if corporate and government actors continue to use a Circular Economy framing that doesn't consider systemic socio-ecological implications, the term could easily become discredited as a refurbished form of greenwashing.”It's not hard to see how the holistic optimists and skeptics may perpetually be disappointed in progress toward reformation and transformation as the current U.S. fortress of economic authority is reinforced. Meanwhile, the segmented holistic and skeptical capitalistic technocrats will continue to pray to the Gods of innovation, casting environmentalists as hysterical scare mongers perennially ‘crying wolf' on ecological collapse – even as worldwide social, political, environmental, and economic systems become increasingly erratic, unpredictable, and vulnerable. I, for one, prefer to draw a square in the middle of their matrix labeled ‘pragmatic adaptive economy'. This would be home to those who accept the future is increasingly unpredictable, where all ideas of certainty should be viewed with skepticism, pessimistic there is some magic technology or top-down government action that will save us, and optimistic that individual humans at the fringes of society will continue to come together seeking solutions to guarantee their permanence.   Joseph Kumarappa concluded his Economy of Permanance by warning that until society's are based “on nonviolence and truth there can be no hope of any permanence in our economic, social or political life.” He said, “The present type of organization based on competition and centralized industries lands us periodically into terrific upheavals.” He believed, “These have to be avoided if nations are to progress steadily towards a set goal, which will bring peace amongst nations and prosperity to the citizen.”Gandhi wrote the forward to this book just a few days after the United States drop an atomic bomb called ‘Little Boy' on Hiroshima. Showing little remorse, the act was legitimized as a “necessary evil” and marked the beginning of U.S. worldwide military and economic domination. Some argue that the environmental destruction at the hands of the current economic system is also a ‘necessary evil.' Evidently that is true, because the prospect of a globally agreed upon alternative in this highly segmented and polarized political and social environment seems bleak.But surely prospects for a bright future were much worse when Kumarappa and Gandhi were summoning their own optimistic words as nuclear fallout from two atomic bombs circled the globe at the end of a second world war. While Kumarappa, a trained economist, indeed envisioned an economic model that sought ‘justice for the common man' and a society that doesn't have ‘the glamour of ill-gotten gains', in the end it wasn't some top-down governmental scheme on which he hinged success for an ‘economy of permanence'. His final words called for individual introspection. I'm with Kumarappa when he concludes, to “enable us to see the advent of the economy of permanence”, what today might be called a just, fair, and ecologically viable circular economy, “calls for a considerable amount of self-discipline and self-control.” This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit interplace.io

Quel pourrait être le contenu d'une « voie africaine du développement » ? C'est la question à laquelle l'économiste Kako Nubukpo essaie de répondre dans un essai qui sort tout juste en librairie. L'ouvrage s'appelle Une solution pour l'Afrique. Face à l'urgence africaine, un milliard d'individus supplémentaires à intégrer en une génération, il appelle à un nouveau modèle économique qui s'appuierait sur la protection des biens communs africains.   RFI: Dans votre nouvel essai, vous travaillez sur ce que pourrait être la « voie africaine du développement » et vous expliquez que cette voie repose sur des « biens communs » qu'il faut protéger. Quels sont-ils ? Kako Nubukpo : Les biens communs sont des biens dont la gestion non régulée peut conduire à leur épuisement. Et donc, ce sont des biens comme des lacs, des forêts, et au-delà même, ce sont des biens qui peuvent ne pas être tangibles, comme les biens informationnels, les biens communs numériques. Et historiquement, ce sont des biens dont on a prédit la disparition. C'est ce qu'on appelait « La Tragédie des communs » de Garrett Hardin en 1968 [« The Tragedy of the commons », article de la revue Science publié en décembre 1968, NdlR], qui disait : Quand les biens ne sont pas régulés, ils disparaissent, du fait de la prédation. Et c'est le cas en Afrique, ils sont en train de disparaître ? Oui. Il y a beaucoup de biens qui disparaissent en Afrique parce que vous avez un processus de déforestation très marqué. Vous avez également des pâturages qui n'existent plus, notamment du fait de la démographie forte. Et vous avez des ressources minières qui disparaissent puisque leur gestion n'est pas tout à fait régulée. Il faut les protéger. L'un des communs qu'il faut protéger, expliquez-vous dans votre ouvrage, c'est la souveraineté alimentaire. Cette souveraineté est menacée à l'heure actuelle en Afrique ? Oui. Parce qu'au fond, depuis 40 ans, on est parti dans une optique un peu Banque mondiale qui consistait à dire ‘vous n'êtes pas obligé de produire sur place ce que vous consommez, il vous suffit d'exporter des matières premières. Avec les devises récupérées, vous pourriez importer vos biens alimentaires'. Or, on se rend compte, avec la succession de crises qu'on vit, qu'il y a une forte volatilité des prix alimentaires. Et donc, la capacité pour l'Afrique de pouvoir nourrir sa population à un coût raisonnable, elle est de moins en moins assurée. Puisqu'elle ne produit pas assez ce qu'elle consomme… Exactement. Vous alimentez également dans votre ouvrage la réflexion sur la monnaie qui peut remplacer le franc CFA en Afrique de l'Ouest. Cela fait l'objet d'un long développement dans votre essai qu'on ne va malheureusement pas pouvoir résumer ici. Lors des états généraux de l'éco, en tout cas, qui ont eu lieu à Lomé, des préalables avaient été identifiés. Est-ce que vous diriez que les pays ouest-africains avancent d'ores et déjà dans la mise en place de ces préalables ? Non. Je crois malheureusement qu'il y a un statu quo que, moi, je qualifierai de mortifère. Ce que nous devrions faire, c'est définir d'emblée, dès maintenant, l'éco comme monnaie commune aux 15 États de la Cédéao [Communauté économique des États d'Afrique de l'Ouest] qui serait adossée à un panier de devises dont le dollar, l'euro, le yuan, la livre sterling. Et les monnaies existantes actuellement devraient être rattachées à cette monnaie éco via des taux de change fixes, mais ajustables. Et on définirait ainsi un corridor de fluctuations entre ces monnaies nationales et le CFA d'un côté, et cette monnaie éco de l'autre. Un peu suivant le modèle de ce qui s'est fait lors de la construction monétaire européenne… Exactement. Et parallèlement, il faudrait travailler sur les questions de solidarité budgétaire. L'une des propositions importantes de votre texte, c'est la nécessité de ce que vous appelez un « néoprotectionnisme » pour l'Afrique. En quoi cela peut-il consister ? Je trouve que l'Afrique est un continent ouvert, trop ouvert. Vous voyez qu'on a fait du désarmement tarifaire pour faire plaisir au FMI [Fonds monétaire international] et à la Banque mondiale depuis une trentaine d'années. Ce qui fait que toutes nos incitations vont vers l'importation de biens-service que nous pourrions produire nous-mêmes. Et comme en plus nous exportons dans une monnaie forte comme le franc CFA, nos balances commerciales sont structurellement déficitaires. Donc, il faudrait réfléchir à des systèmes de droits de douane qui permettent finalement aux consommateurs la neutralité entre acheter sur place les biens produits par nos producteurs locaux et des biens importés, donc produits ailleurs. On ne va pas importer du poulet de France, on ne va pas importer du lait des Pays-Bas alors que ce sont des choses que nous pourrions produire nous-mêmes sur place. Et en plus, l'empreinte carbone de ces importations est élevée. Je crois que si on ne réinvente pas une forme de protectionnisme pour l'Afrique, on ne pourra pas gérer la démographie africaine. Parce que, si on ne crée pas les emplois sur place, on va vers une instabilité systémique. Et donc le protectionnisme écologique que je propose fait partie, me semble-t-il, des solutions pour que les populations africaines puissent accéder à l'emploi chez elles.

Episode: 2253 Revisiting the Commons in a rapidly changing world.  Today, we visit the commons.

The full episode is available only to Patreon subscribers, but here's a taste of what it's like. I made it a subscriber-only episode because going in hard on an academic paper is not relevant to the main goal of the show, but it was really fun to make. In the episode, I summarize The Tragedy of the Commons by Garrett Hardin, an essay commonly understood to be about the perils of common land ownership when, in reality, the author is just freaking out about global population. In this teaser, you'll hear the first section where I talk about Garrett Hardin the person (not a great guy). If you want to hear the last 30 minutes about tic-tac-toe, the horrors of Massachusetts, and thermonuclear war, then go to patreon.com/zonedoutpodcast

Peter Singer — one of the world's most influential philosophers —  is the Ira W. DeCamp Professor of Bioethics at Princeton University. Peter has written several influential books, including Animal Liberation, The Expanding Circle: Ethics and Sociobiology, The Most Good You Can Do, Why Vegan? Eating Ethically and The Life You Can Save: How To Do Your Part To End World Poverty. He is one of the intellectual founders of the modern animal rights and effective altruism movements and has made important contributions to the development of bioethics. Twitter: @PeterSingerHost:Professor Dan Banik, University of Oslo, Twitter: @danbanik  @GlobalDevPodApple Google Spotify YouTubehttps://in-pursuit-of-development.simplecast.com/

Joseph S. Nye is the University Distinguished Service Professor, Emeritus and former Dean of the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University.He is the author of numerous highly influential books, including: Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics (2004)The Powers to Lead  (2008)The Future of Power (2011)Is the American Century Over? (2015)Do Morals Matter? Presidents and Foreign Policy from FDR to Trump  (2020)Joe Nye has also served in various capacities in the US government, as Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs, Chair of the National Intelligence Council, and Deputy Under Secretary of State for Security Assistance, Science and Technology. Host:Professor Dan Banik, University of Oslo, Twitter: @danbanik  @GlobalDevPodhttps://in-pursuit-of-development.simplecast.com/

https://teamseas.org/  The Tragedy of the Commons is an economic idea made popular by the American ecologist Garrett Hardin, who used the analogy of ranchers grazing their animals on a common field. Individual ranchers will seek to add additional livestock, to increase their profits. The benefit of adding additional animals accrue to the rancher alone, while the costs are shared. The tragedy is that ultimately  the field will be destroyed, due to overconsumption. This scenario is played out on a daily basis in numerous instances, having grave consequences for the world's resources.In todays video we discuss the research of Lin Ostrom (the first woman to win The Nobel Prize in Economics). Ostrom - based upon her research - did not believe that the “tragedy” in such situations was inevitable. Her research showed that if the herders decided to cooperate with one another, monitoring each other's use of the land and enforcing rules for managing it, they could avoid the tragedy.Todays video is associated with #TeamSeas - a group of YouTube content creators, lead by "Mister Beast" raising money to remove plastic waste from the ocean.Patrick's Books:Statistics For The Trading Floor:  https://amzn.to/3eerLA0Derivatives For The Trading Floor:  https://amzn.to/3cjsyPFCorporate Finance:  https://amzn.to/3fn3rvC Patreon Page: https://www.patreon.com/PatrickBoyleOnFinanceVisit our website: www.onfinance.orgFollow Patrick on Twitter Here: https://twitter.com/PatrickEBoylePatrick Boyle On Finance YouTube Support the show (https://www.patreon.com/PatrickBoyleOnFinance)

In this week's episode, host Kristin Hayes talks with Penny Liao, a scholar of behavioral and market responses to environmental risk, who joined Resources for the Future as a fellow earlier this month. Liao elaborates on a new working paper she coauthored about how home equity shapes a household's decision to purchase flood insurance. In the end, Liao finds that homeowners with more home equity are especially likely to purchase flood insurance because they do not want to default on their mortgage, while households with highly leveraged mortgages have less incentive to insure against flood risks. References and recommendations: “What's at Stake? Understanding the Role of Home Equity in Flood Insurance Demand” by Penny Liao and Philip Mulder; https://www.rff.org/publications/working-papers/whats-at-stake-understanding-the-role-of-home-equity-in-flood-insurance-demand/ “The Tragedy of the Commons” by Garrett Hardin; https://science.sciencemag.org/content/162/3859/1243 “The Problem of Social Cost” by Ronald Coase; https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9780230523210_6 “Bewilderment” by Richard Powers; https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/688002/bewilderment-by-richard-powers/ “The Overstory” by Richard Powers; http://www.richardpowers.net/the-overstory/

Dr William Lane Craig debated with Garrett Hardin on Christianity vs Scientific Naturalism.

Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) 1992 To implement CBD india passed Biological diversity Act,2002 § The act envisaged a three-tier structure to regulate the access to biological resources: o The National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) o The State Biodiversity Boards (SBBs) o The Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs) (at local level) Issues in IPR(Intellectual Property Rights): Issues releated to IPR (universal133.blogspot.com) At the highest rate of 28%, India's is the second-highest among 115 countries - and is viewed as regressive by tax experts. India has four non-zero tax slabs - 5, 12, 18 and 28 - while most countries have far lower: 49 countries have one rate, 28 have two and only 5 countries, including India, use four non-zero rates. Thought to ponder: How Will Capitalism End? Ask Wolfgang Streeck and his co-authors in their book with that title. It will end, they say, when the forces that support capitalism run out. Capitalism expands by converting “the commons” into private capital. Economists justify this on practical grounds: it is the ‘tragedy of the commons', Garrett Hardin postulated, that people will not care for something unless they own it. This is an ongoing justification for capitalist businesses owning land and forests and water resources. Businesses convert natural capital into financial capital and use it for generating profits and more capital for themselves. Over-exploitation of the earth's resources to produce profits has contributed to the crisis of environmental sustainability and climate change. The concept of ownership of assets for creating wealth had gone too far when slaves without human rights were used in capitalist enterprises as their economic assets until moralists objected. Creation of monopolies Slavery is banned by law and the earth's resources are limited. Therefore, capitalism has moved on to convert knowledge into private property. Modern regimes of intellectual property rights (IPR) with armies of patent lawyers help capitalists to create intellectual property monopolies. Thus, people are denied the use of their own knowledge — as they are when natural products, such as neem and turmeric are patented by capitalists. Thereby, communities whose traditions produced the knowledge must pay those who stole it from them, albeit legally. The public contributes to the creation of scientific knowledge in many ways, for example through government research and development grants and subsidies, as Mariana Mazzucato explains in her book, The Value of Everything: Making and Taking in the Global Economy. In fact, large public assistance in various ways has enabled U.S. pharmaceutical companies to develop their new COVID-19 vaccines at ‘warp speed'. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

When it comes to resource management, there are two dominant forces that exert tremendous influence on who gets what: the market and the state. Sometimes these two entities compete or conflict. Other times they collaborate, and even conspire—to the great detriment of communities. Either can result in environmental exploitation, extreme inequality or poverty, erasure of culture and place, and invite an alienation that is generated by people having limited say in what happens to their communities.   Yet there remains a resource management system whose history runs deeper than either the market or the state—and that is the commons. Distinguished by its clearly demarcated membership, it is fiercely democratic and practices a more locally-oriented governance regime. A given resource is apportioned and stewarded by members according to norms they determine within their community. For the most part, neither the market nor the state are expected or encouraged to intervene. One is either a contributing member of the commons or they are not.   But if commons have such a rich heritage, then why have they become less prevalent in the United States and in what are considered "developed countries"?   Jeffrey Howard speaks with Neal Gorenflo. He is the executive director of Shareable, an award-winning nonprofit news outlet, action network, and consultancy focused on the latest innovations in resource sharing, the commons, and the solidarity economy. He is also the author of Sharing Cities: Activating the Urban Commons (2018). In addition to the state and the market, he proposes the commons as a way to foster small-scale experiments to see what works best in any given community. This pragmatic approach to solutions is geared toward addressing needs more than trying to satisfy any particular ideology. As the saying goes, ideologies divide us, while needs unify us.   Now, looking further into the twenty-first century, what would it take for the commons to become a prevailing paradigm for resource management? What does a Sharing Cities approach to urban development look like? And what prevents a commons from being co-opted or captured by market or state forces?   Show Notes: A Year of Living Locally by Neal Gorenflo (2020) Sharing Cities: Activating the Urban Commons by Neal Gorenflo (2018) Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons by David Bollier (2014) Shareable Ep. 11 A Small Farm Future w/ Chris Smaje (2021) Ep. 8 Embracing Subsistence Agriculture During the Collapse of Industrial Capitalism w/ Ashley Colby (2021) Ep. 3 Placemaking and the Benefits of Local Scale w/ Jaime Izurieta (2020) "Coops in Spain's Basque Region Soften Capitalism's Rough Edges" by Peter S. Goodman (2020) Mondragon Coop "A Land Value Tax Fosters Strong Community" by Matthew Downhour (2020) "The Tragedy of the Commons" by Garrett Hardin (1968) "All the Lonely People: The Atomized Generation" by Willow Liana (2020) Elinor Ostrom "Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action" by Elinor Ostrom (1990) "A General Framework for Analyzing Sustainability of Social-Ecological Systems" by Elinor Ostrom (2009) "Collective Action and the Evolution of Social Norms" by Elinor Ostrom (2000) "Beyond Markets and States: Polycentric Governance of Complex Economic Systems" by Elinor Ostrom (2010) "America Needs to Build Strong Towns, Not More Infrastructure" by Jacqueline M. Kory-Westlund (2020)

In this episode, we look at sustainable living and how it can support your personal development goals. Sponsor: http://tinyleapsplus.com Writer: https://www.instagram.com/sorosum/ Resources: Academic Impact. (2020). Sustainability. United Nations. Garrett Hardin. (2000). Tragedy of the Commons. The Library of Economics and Liberty. Environmental Science. (2020). What is Sustainability and Why is it Important? Environmental Science Organization. Anne Marie Bonneau. (2019). Zero Waste Chef. Happy Mindful Magazine. --- This episode is sponsored by · Anchor: The easiest way to make a podcast. https://anchor.fm/app

As Covid vaccines become available, health officials, policymakers, philanthropic organizations and people like you and me are being confronted with numerous ethical challenges and moral dilemmas. Who should get the vaccines first and how long should others wait? What about the inequality of access to vaccines between countries?Some of us may agree that rich countries have a moral responsibility to subsidize vaccination programs around the world. But how best can this be achieved? And what types of principles such as fairness, equity, effectiveness and reciprocity should we apply?To discuss these issues, I am joined by Aksel Braanen Sterri, a Norwegian political scientist and philosopher who has recently argued that Norway should donate all its vaccines to low-income countries, and that Norway should be at the back of the vaccine queue rather than being in front. He also claims that helping these more needy countries ought to be viewed as an investment in our common future rather than an act of charity. Aksel recently completed a PhD in philosophy and teaches applied ethics at the University of Oslo. In addition to being a postdoctoral fellow, he writes a column in an influential Norwegian daily and is a regular contributor to the Norwegian public debate on a wide range of social and political issues.We discussed the role of philosophers in addressing current global challenges, the various proposals currently doing the rounds on how best the world can distribute Covid vaccines, why Norway and other rich countries ought to subsidise or donate vaccines to more needy countries and groups and what constitutes vaccine justice.Aksel Braanen Sterri on TwitterDan Banik and In Pursuit of Development on TwitterPhoto of Aksel Braanen Sterri by Matthis Kleeb Solheim

Es este episodio vamos a ver lo interesante que postula Garrett Hardin sobre la tradia de los comunes, síguenos en Facebook Los ambientalistas

Wie könnte sie konkret aussehen, eine Gesellschaft nach dem Geld? Hierzu forscht Jens Schröter im Forschungsprojekt "Die Gesellschaft nach dem Geld" und verbindet dabei eine Auseinandersetzung mit der Socialist Calculation Debate mit neuen Modellen der Commons-Theorie. Shownotes Homepage des Forschungsprojektes "Die Gesellschaft nach dem Geld": https://nach-dem-geld.de/ Vorträge der Mitglieder der Forschungsgruppe "Die Gesellschaft nach dem Geld" https://archive.org/details/gndgjenabsimon240919g Buch "Postmonetär denken" (2019), hg. von der Projektgruppe "Die Gesellschaft nach dem Geld": https://www.springer.com/de/book/9783658217051 Buch "Kapitalismus aufheben - Eine Einladung, über Utopie und Transformation neu nachzudenken" (2018) von Simon Sutterlütti und Stefan Meretz (frei verfügbar): https://commonism.us/files/Sutterluetti-Meretz_Kapitalismus-aufheben.pdf Wiki zu Elinor Ostrom: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elinor_Ostrom Buch "Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action" (1990) von Elinor Ostrom (frei verfügbar): https://wtf.tw/ref/ostrom_1990.pdf "The Tragedy of the Commons" (1968) von Garrett Hardin: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/162/3859/1243 "Marx als Messtheoretiker" von Oliver Schlaudt, zu finden in: "Kapital & Kritik - Nach der »neuen« Marx-Lektüre": https://www.vsa-verlag.de/nc/detail/artikel/kapital-kritik-1/ Weitere Future Histories Episoden zu Planwirtschaft/Socialist Calculation Debate: Episode 38 mit Ulrike Herrmann zu kapitalistischer Planwirtschaft: https://www.futurehistories.today/episoden-blog/s01e38-ulrike-herrmann Episode 19 mit Jan Philipp Dapprich zu sozialistischer Planwirtschaft: https://www.futurehistories.today/episoden-blog/s01e19-jan-philipp-dapprich Episode 14 mit Harald Welzer zu Kapitalismus, Planwirtschaft & liberaler Demokratie: https://www.futurehistories.today/episoden-blog/s01e14-harald-welzer Episoden 31 & 32 mit Daniel E. Saros zu digital Socialism: https://www.futurehistories.today/episoden-blog/s01e31-daniel-saros; https://www.futurehistories.today/episoden-blog/s01e32-daniel-saros-part-2 Weiteres Material zur Socialist Calculation Debate: Die österreichische Schule der Nationalökonomie (Auswahl) Ludwig von Mises "Economic Calculation in the Socialist Commonwealth" (gesamtes Buch) https://cdn.mises.org/Economic%20Calculation%20in%20the%20Socialist%20Commonwealth_Vol_2_3.pdf Friedrich A. Hayek "The Use of Knowledge in Society": https://mises.org/library/use-knowledge-society Friedrich A Hayek "Economics and Knowledge": https://mises.org/library/economics-and-knowledge Friedrich A. Hayek "Collectivist Economic Planing" (gesamtes Buch): https://cdn.mises.org/Collectivist%20Economic%20Planning_2.pdf Wiki on the Austrian School of Economics: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Austrian_School Die Sozialisten (Auswahl) Oskar Lange “On the Economic Theory of Socialism: Part One.”: https://www.jstor.org/preview-page/10.2307/2967660?seq=1 Otto Neurath "Economic Plan and Calculation in Kind": https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/1-4020-2274-3_14 Enrico Barone "The Ministry of Production in the Collectivist State": https://www.jstor.org/preview-page/10.2307/43828055?seq=1 H.D. Dickinson "Price Formation in a Socialist Community": https://academic.oup.com/ej/article-abstract/43/170/237/5267408?redirectedFrom=fulltext "The economics of feasible socialism revisited" von Alec Nove (gesamtes Buch als pdf):  http://digamo.free.fr/nove91.pdf Andere historische Stimmen (Auswahl) Joseph A. Schumpeter "Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy" (gesamtes Buch als pdf): https://eet.pixel-online.org/files/etranslation/original/Schumpeter,%20Capitalism,%20Socialism%20and%20Democracy.pdf Socialist Calculation Debate 2.0 Daniel E. Saros "Information Technology and Socialist Construction – The End of Capital and the Transition to Socialism": https://www.routledge.com/Information-Technology-and-Socialist-Construction-The-End-of-Capital-and/Saros/p/book/9780415742924 Paul Cockshott & Allin Cottrell "Towards a new socialism" (gesamtes Buch als pdf): http://ricardo.ecn.wfu.edu/~cottrell/socialism_book/new_socialism.pdf Leigh Phillips und Michal Rozworski "The People's Republic of Walmart": https://www.versobooks.com/books/2822-the-people-s-republic-of-walmart Evgeny Morozov "Digital Socialism?": https://newleftreview.org/issues/II116/articles/evgeny-morozov-digital-socialism Francis Spufford "Red Plenty" (novel): https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/6481280-red-plenty Nick Dyer-Witheford "Red Plenty Platforms" (als pdf): https://culturemachine.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/511-1153-1-PB.pdf triple C – special edition on digital socialism (edited by Christian Fuchs): https://www.triple-c.at/index.php/tripleC/article/view/1149 Jacobin article "Yes, a Planned Economy Can Actually Work" von Leigh Phillips & Michal Rozworski: https://www.jacobinmag.com/2019/03/economic-planning-walmart-democracy-socialism Paper "Economic Planning and Degrowth: How Socialism Survives the 21st Century" von Michael Malloy: https://newsocialist.org.uk/economic-planning-and-degrowth/ Wenn euch Future Histories gefällt, dann erwägt doch bitte eine Unterstützung auf Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/join/FutureHistories? Schreibt mir unter office@futurehistories.today und diskutiert mit auf Twitter (#FutureHistories): https://twitter.com/FutureHpodcast oder auf Reddit https://www.reddit.com/r/FutureHistories/  www.futurehistories.today   Episode Keyword: #FutureHistories, #Podcast, #JensSchröter, #Commons, #CommonsInstitut, #Commoning, #Commonismus, #Commons-Theorie, #Demokratie, #Interview, #Society, #SocialistCalculationDebate, #Hayek, #Demokratietheorie, #Konvivialismus, #Kapitalismus, #KapitalismusAufheben, #CommonsÖkonomie, #GesellschaftNachDemGeld, #Planwirtschaft

Podcast: Finance & Fury Podcast (LS 44 · TOP 1% what is this?)Episode: The dark past of ‘environmentalism' provides clues to the point of the UN's Sustainable Development GoalsPub date: 2019-10-11Notes from Listening Post:ThoriumWelcome to Finance and Fury, The Furious Friday Edition.    The final episode in the mini-series for the SDGs - Covered a lot – today - Summary wrap up and piece together next step One sentence – UN's Agenda 2030 wants us giving up sovereignty to a global unelected socialist government – Went through the 3 Founders – Roosevelt praised fascism, thought it was the best kind of Gov and acted like it in USA, Stalin - loves him some communism and mass genocide, then Churchill – Not a fan of Indian's ‘beastly people' – 1943 Bengali Famine for 3m people starved to death thanks to his policies to take all the food out of the area This sort of thing can't happen today unless we want this – hard to hide true crimes like the past The founders of the UN weren't good leaders, they loved Authoritarian rule – Why would anyone want to live under a Nazi, Communist or Fascist? What if it is done in the name of climate change? That is the propaganda - SDG4 -method of building international socialism – the aim has always started by targeting the next generation - now with global-socialist propaganda All of SDG4 is devoted to ensuring that all children, everywhere, are transformed into what the UN calls “agents of change,” – pushing what the UN wants – Agenda 2030 agreement states the aim is to do this - “Children and young women and men are critical agents of change and will find in the new Goals a platform to channel their infinite capacities for activism into the creation of a better world,” – all the protests been concocted up as part of Agenda 2030 – through the UN 'Extinction Rebellion' protests – bringing cities to a standstill as protestors demand government officials take immediate action to combat climate change.  60 major cities across the world through late October – two days in a row – clients/staff late from protests These protestors have already taken over streets, blocked roadways, and disrupted public transportation in London, Sydney, Paris, and Berlin. Their message is that climate change is an emergency that requires drastic and immediate action Looking to force significant policy change is to shut down parts of major infrastructure, like roads, bridges, highways, rail, airports, and ports – basically acting like fascists or Stalin's useful idiots From what I see it is about crashing the global economy to install a new economic model - Modern Money Theory (MMT) Agenda 2030 is a pretty clear roadmap to global socialism and corporatism/fascism – using activists as the new Brown shirts And what's the reason behind climate change protestors shutting down cities and causing economic shocks across the world? U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon spoke of ‘a dream of a world of peace and dignity for all' this is no different than when the Communists promised the people a ‘worker's paradise.'” – to give them mass starvation and Gulag prison camps History is littered with examples - in a similar manner – Mussolini – Fascism: Doctrines and Institutions - 1923 “State intervention in economic production arises when private initiative is insufficient or when the interests of the state are involved. This intervention may take the form of control.” – Take control of the economy to serve the state, not the people Speech in 1933 – “Fascism establishes the real equality of individuals before the nations. The object of the regime in the economic field is to ensure higher social justice for the whole of the Italian people. What does social justice mean? It means work guaranteed, fair wages, decent homes, it means the possibility of continuous evolution and improvement.” – almost impossible to tell the people history calls evil to the rulers of the UN today Another example - Nazis – National Socialists – Hitler's party mandate: “We demand the nationalisation of all trusts and demand profit-sharing in large industries. The first duty of every citizen must be to work mentally or physically. No individual shall do any work that offends against the interest of the community to the benefit of all.” – UN has the circular economy to get to the same outcome – all what is in the state's interest Governments deciding what to be produced/consumed, what the price is and who is employed never ended well – but yet people are keen to repeat? The similarities between what the UN wants and what the Nazi's wanted keeps going on Nazis - First political party in the world to pass laws protecting the environment in 1935 two years after the Nazis rose to power - passed a Reich law for the protection of the natural environment scope was unprecedented at the time and while the stated goal was to protect and care for the environment – saving the planet not high on the list Think about Wars and the CO2 emissions form bombs – Obama dropped 26k bombs in 2016 alone – lots of environmental destruction and waste emission there – but meets with Greta for a photo op UN acts like fascists - That is why the 2030 Agenda is universal, applying to all countries and actors – Un states: “requires all nations to take climate action, reduce unemployment, strengthen gender equality and promote peaceful societies, to name a few, if the world is to eradicate poverty and shift into a more sustainable development” – Follows similar fascist policies of enforcement and punishment rather than incentives like a free market - Everything is an inversion – promote peaceful societies- carried out using violence/enforcement – make a tweet or FB post gets you arrested in the UK if it is offensive – Words have been equated to violence – so to keep a peaceful society nobody can do anything – let alone speak their mind – Irony here is that offence is taken, not given – but this is ignored to protect the faux offended – moral outrage parade Two-fold – Economics side of thing, and population control measure – Population is key for CO2 emissions - industrialising countries creates more CO2, create more people as well = more CO2 Agenda 2030 at the core – to reduce individuals' ability to create families and prosper – through economic and environmental control What is a clue that the UN doesn't want to solve climate change and instead grab control over your lives? The fact they wish to send billions off our shores to develop other countries – but in reality – goes to Green Climate fund which sends it off to HSBC and other banks to do who knows what with it – but if they actually develop these countries then more C02 will occur – but I think it will just be more lost money Truth - Most developed or rich nations have higher emissions – so by making us poor through extraction and laws that the developing nations don't have to follow - then lowers our consumptions and life quality Another clue is the immigration - wanting to increase immigration through the Global Migration Compact – NGOs Also - Increase in labour does drop wages – and wages aren't representing in the economy – transfer out is same as selling local currency – flooding and devaluing over time – equality – use the strong for the benefit of the weak, so everyone becomes the sum of all averages. All inversions - Another core feature of the SDGs is their focus on means of implementation, or the mobilization of financial resources, along with capacity building and technology. Mobilisation – Stalin was great at that SDG10 - which calls on the UN, national governments, and every person on Earth to “reduce inequality within and among countries.” agreement continues, will “only be possible if wealth is shared and income inequality is addressed.” Needs to be international socialism/communism – agreement states: national socialism to “combat inequality” domestically is not enough — international socialism is needed to battle inequality even “among” countries. “By 2030, ensure that all men and women, in particular the poor and the vulnerable, have equal rights to economic resources,” Wealth redistribution alone, however, will not be enough. Governments must also seize control of the means of production — either directly or through fascist-style mandates – Like Stalin, Hitler, Mussolini, pick any dictator Agenda 2030 - “We commit to making fundamental changes in the way that our societies produce and consume goods and services,” and “governments, international organizations, the business sector and other non-state actors and individuals must contribute to changing unsustainable consumption and production patterns … to move towards more sustainable patterns of consumption and production.” Agenda 2030 document is claiming that today's “consumption and production” patterns are unsustainable, so we'll need to get by with less. How much less? 1992 Earth Summit - Maurice Strong – Oil Billionaire founder of UNEP - “It is clear that current lifestyles and consumption patterns of the affluent middle-class … involving high meat intake, consumption of large amounts of frozen and ‘convenience' foods, ownership of motor vehicles, numerous electrical appliances, home and workplace air-conditioning ... expensive suburban housing … are not sustainable.” – Sustainable development goals aim to remove these things for sustainability = lower quality of life In truth, such “lifestyles and consumption patterns” aresustainable, so long as the freedom that makes prosperity possible is not destroyed in the name of achieving “sustainability.” The UN and the environmental lobby claim that we must get by with less because there are now too many people on the planet consuming too many resources. But this rationale for accepting UN-imposed scarcity is patently false Read just a bit of history and see this has been the same message for 200 years - All had same message back in the 1920s- running out of food when we hit 3bn people – the planet would be destroyed by the 70s, and so on What solved it? Free markets – but if markets aren't allowed to solve problems as they are closed from UN polices – these predictions may come true – so the only solution is less people Which is what this all boiled down to - populations level controls  Little unknown fact – the root of climate organisation was from individuals involved with eugenicists – mission success – population reduction is turning into the answer – not the first time it has happened – A history lesson time – British PM Margaret Thatcher - the first world leader to voice alarm over global warming in 1988 the same year, the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) and World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) established the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) – mandate to only look for human-induced climate change launch of the IPCC was not driven by science, but by eugenics - the “race science” made infamous by Adolf Hitler Thatcher got her marching orders from Sir Crispin Tickell - cousin Sir Julian Huxley the President of the British Eugenics Society in 1959-62 – Brother Aldus wrote Brave New World – design for the UNs ideals of how to run society in class Eugenics society Renamed the Galton Institute in 1989 – after Francis Galton who founded eugenics - had to rebrand after a few decades of bad press – Hitler, 60k forced sterilisations in California, New solution - beyond direct - how else could you have control over populations – control the environment they live Ideal or bad climates/environments can increase or decrease population size of animals in zoos – are we different? Decrease fertility rates and population goes down, reduce access to water or food, or to change their environment to adapt Sir Julian Huxley co-founded the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) with Prince Philip and former Nazi SS officer Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands - Tickell and cousin Huxley are both direct descendants of Thomas Henry Huxley, a.k.a. “Darwin's Bulldog” for his aggressive advocacy of Charles Darwin – Galton's half cousin – No wonder Nazi's loved Galton - he proclaimed that “Jews are parasites”, that “the worth of an individual should be calculated at birth, by his class”, and that the “unfit” should simply be eliminated; he was knighted by King Edward VII in 1909 for founding eugenics as a new ruling British imperial doctrine No surprise that Queen Elizabeth II's father King George VI and his wife supported Hitler right up until WWII. support is evident in a 1933 film in which the seven-year-old current Queen is giving the “Heil Hitler” salute along with her uncle the Prince of Wales, the future King Edward VIII WWF founder Prince Philip has well-documented Nazi connections - his sister Sophie married a colonel in the SS on Himmler's personal staff Prince Philip has infamously desired to “return as a deadly virus, in order to contribute something to solve overpopulation”. The UNEP was founded by oil and mineral businessman Maurice Strong in 1972 - An ardent population control advocate member of the Club of Rome – same place UN getting its recommendations till this day – back in the 70's and 80s when this was starting - a haven for eugenicists - Garrett Hardin who has argued for brutal population control policies, such as denying medical and nutritional assistance that would condemn millions to die of starvation and disease From the horses mouth - 1989 Thatcher's speech to the UN General Assembly - “Put in its bluntest form: the main threat to our environment is more and more people, and their activities…. Mr President, the environmental challenge which confronts the whole world demands an equivalent response from the whole world. Every country will be affected and no one can opt out.” - Eugenics and population control is the barely-hidden agenda as part of the UN – google it though and ‘conspiracy' Go further and learn about Margaret sanger – planned parenthood founder – big fan of eugenics – read some letters Think about the SDGs gone through so far – the only way to get environmental damage down to nothing is if humans don't exist – Under current technology – not possible to go 100% renewables like solar, wind - Possible to go nuclear or thorium Nature of the UN is totally undemocratic and it relies on our passive, ill-informed acceptance of ‘authorities' – what the founders wanted As this plan is covertly implemented by Governments on the behest of the UN - none of us had been informed about it or have voted for it in any way; it basically leads to the loss of personal freedom and sovereignty worldwide. Which is why I wanted to do this series – provide some clarity to the issue – that the people striking and disrupting are useful idiots - don't be afraid – just say no to being forced into this As a country, shouldn't we get a say on what laws should be adopted? Especially when it comes from other unelected international individuals who have been linked to ‘racial cleansing'? Doesn't it disqualify you to be a politician if you have duel citizenship? Cause you may act in the interest of the other country – how is that different from acting on behalf a foreign Governments? The aim of being sustainable is to collapse the economy – usher in UBI and other forms of population control Control the environment – control the finances (incomes with UBI), control the lifestyles, control the living situations In the end – don't fall for the UN's promises of absolution of guilt and solving the climate changing When they can change the Spring turning to summer, I may listen – but to give over everything to a group individuals who meet in secret, all have 4 houses, take private jets everywhere and tell us we are the problem - no thank you   To close – If you are worried about the climate changing due to human activity – then do what you can control – change your behaviours – but don't ask for global socialism and repeating the horrors of history – but on a global scale –   Thanks for listening, if you want to get in contact you can here https://financeandfury.com.au/contact/    The podcast and artwork embedded on this page are from Finance & Fury, which is the property of its owner and not affiliated with or endorsed by Listen Notes, Inc.

Much of Africa is experiencing high birth rates and certain countries such as the Democratic Republic of Congo and Nigeria are projected to witness massive increases in their populations in the next few decades. An explosive growth in population will in turn pose major challenges for government policies aimed at promoting development and well-being of citizens. Are governments reluctant to talk about birth control. If so, why? And what can policymakers learn from the Indian and Chinese experiences? The current discourse on birth control is polarized. Some scholars argue that despite its adverse impacts on the climate, the population question is largely neglected by the climate community. Others highlight the importance of better protecting reproductive rights, improved access to contraceptives, strengthening gender equality, improved educational opportunities and increasing the living standards of the world’s poorest people. Still others believe that people in rich countries should reduce their consumption levels in order to protect the environment.Blog:"The population question""A room full of elephants? Population, consumption and sustainability"Follow me on: Twitter: https://twitter.com/danbanikFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/dan.banik.officialPlease send me your questions, comments and suggestions by e-mail: InPursuitOfDevelopment@gmail.com

Az egyik legerősebb konszenzusnak tűnik a zöld mozgalmak között, hogy az ökológiai váltásban hatalmas szerepe lehet az alulról jövő kezdeményezéseknek, és a közösségek erejének. De miért is? Fel lehet-e skálázni azokat a jó példákat társadalmi szintekre, amik közösségi szinteken történnek? És a közlegelők tragédiájában vagy komédiájában higgyünk? Ebben az adásban ezt a témát járja körül Köves Alexandra Takács-Sánta Andrással, az ELTE Humánökológia mesterszak igazgatójával. A Zöld Egyenlőség podcast májusi témája a közösségek szerepe egy fenntarthatósági átmenetben. Az eddigi adásainkban végig kitartottunk amellett, hogy az ökológiai fordulat leginkább egy széles társadalmi párbeszéd és összefogás nyomán alakulhat ki és - míg nagyon szép lenne, ha ez egy felülről támogatott folyamat lenne – valószínűbb, hogy alulról jövő, decentralizált kezdeményezések intézményesülése nyomán fog létrejönni. Ebben azonban rendkívül nagy szerep kell, hogy jusson a közösségeknek. Egyáltalán mit értünk ebben a kontextusban közösség alatt és mik azok a szerepek, amik által a közösségek erősödése tenni tud a fenntarthatóságért? Ezenfelül sok ökológiai közgazdász a közösségi tulajdonlásban és az egyéni hozzáférésben látja a megoldást egy sor környezeti probléma, és a fogyasztáscsökkentés tekintetében. Azonban ilyenkor a leggyakoribb ellenérvekben Garrett Hardin, amerikai ökológus a közlegelők tragédiájának példáját szokták felhozni. Takács-Sánta András viszont a Közlegelők komédiájáról írt könyvet…

As the year slowly slips away and the autumn leaves remind us of our inescapable mortality, it's time for another episode of Nerds Amalgamated.First up this week, Valve is leaking and blowing off some steam. The entire source code for TF2 and CSGO has been leaked, and Valve News Network's source has some interesting rumours about Half Life 3.The PS5 finally has a release date and a price. It's finally time to move to the next generation of consoles, but don't make space in your TV cabinet just yet.More anime is becoming live action. Because that's exactly what everyone was begging for. This time it's Cowboy Bebop season 2 and One Punch Man.But in another nightmare, your Ego has a big part to play in the frequency of nightmares. Is self-affirmation a more effective dream weapon than Freddy Kruger's claws?This week, Professor went Old Skool and played Objects in Space, a modempunk space adventure. DJ chose a demolition derby to knock out some stress and Dev-i isn't ready to leave the VR Chat world just yet.Come back next time for more Nerdy News.Valve is leaking- https://twitter.com/CSGO/status/1253075594901774336- https://www.zdnet.com/article/valve-says-its-safe-to-play-csgo-and-tf2-after-source-code-leaked-online/- https://www.newsweek.com/valve-source-code-leaks-online-developer-says-no-reason-alarmed-1499628All things PS5 including production and release date- https://www.notebookcheck.net/PlayStation-5-mass-production-to-begin-in-June-with-simultaneous-global-launch-planned-PS5-reveal-event-could-land-in-late-May-or-early-June.462066.0.html- https://www.express.co.uk/entertainment/gaming/1271365/PS5-reveal-date-and-price-latest-Sony-has-good-news-and-bad-news-for-fansAnime turning into live action- https://observer.com/2020/04/netflix-cowboy-bebop-season-2-live-action-john-cho/- https://variety.com/2020/film/news/sony-film-manga-one-punch-man-venom-writers-1234585282/Nightmare on Ego street- https://www.psypost.org/2020/04/new-study-finds-ego-strength-predicts-nightmare-frequency-56488?utm_source=rss&utm_medium=rss&utm_campaign=new-study-finds-ego-strength-predicts-nightmare-frequency- https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2019-74996-001Games PlayedProfessor– Objects In Space - https://store.steampowered.com/app/824070/Objects_in_Space/Rating: 4/5DJ– KillSteel - https://store.steampowered.com/app/1269550/KillSteel/Rating: 3/5Dev-i-Boy– VRChat - https://store.steampowered.com/app/438100/VRChat/Rating: 4/5Other topics discussedValve source code comment- https://i.redd.it/chodbngq4fu41.jpgSuper Smash Bros. Ultimate - E3 2018 - Nintendo Switch- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L93H7YC-83oHunt Down The Freeman (Half-Life 2 fan-game that was developed and published by Royal Rudius Entertainment and released commercially on Steam on February 23rd, 2018)- https://store.steampowered.com/app/723390/Hunt_Down_The_Freeman/Cremator (The Cremator, also known as the Combine Janitor, is a passive enemy cut from Half-Life 2.)- https://half-life.fandom.com/wiki/CrematorAxel Gembe - The Half Life 2 hacker- https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2011-02-21-the-boy-who-stole-half-life-2-articleFacebook hires hacker who started Sony war- https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/facebook-hires-hacker-who-started-sony-war-2304075.htmlWhite hat hackers (The term "white hat" in Internet slang refers to an ethical computer hacker, or a computer security expert, who specializes in penetration testing and in other testing methodologies that ensures the security of an organization's information systems. White hat hackers may also work in teams called "sneakers",red teams, or tiger teams.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_hat_(computer_security)PS5 controller: the DualSense- https://www.gamesradar.com/au/ps5-controller-dualshock-5/Xbox Series X logo reveal- https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2020-04-22-heres-the-xbox-series-x-logoVidal Sassoon logo- http://logok.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/12/Vidal-Sassoon-logo-300x220.pngXbox Series X- https://www.microsoft.com/en-au/p/xbox-series-x/8wj714n3rbtl- https://www.xbox.com/en-AU/consoles/xbox-series-xXbox 360 technical problems (The Xbox 360 video game console is subject to a number of technical problems and failures that can render it unusable. However, many of the issues can be identified by a series of glowing red lights flashing on the face of the console; the three flashing red lights (nicknamed the "Red Ring of Death" or the "RRoD") being the most infamous.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xbox_360_technical_problemsDenis Villeneuve Explains Why ‘Dune’ Will Be Split into Two Movies- https://collider.com/dune-two-movies-sequel-explained-reason-why-denis-villeneuve/J.J. Abrams Developing Remake of Japanese Hit ‘Your Name’ With Paramount- https://variety.com/2017/film/news/j-j-abrams-your-name-remake-paramount-1202574994/Popeye (Popeye was a cancelled 2016 film based off the Popeye cartoon characters)- https://cancelled-movies.fandom.com/wiki/Popeye_(2016_animated_film)Objects In Space – Build Your Own Control Panel- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I270vSrTIukClose Encounters of The Third Kind - Ship In The Dessert- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cTcKFCw2MO0Absolute Beginners ("Absolute Beginners" is a song written and recorded by English singer-songwriter David Bowie.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_Beginners_(David_Bowie_song)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_Beginners_(David_Bowie_song)#Production_creditsFrank Herbert's Children of Dune (Frank Herbert's Children of Dune is a three-part science fiction miniseries written by John Harrison and directed by Greg Yaitanes, based on Frank Herbert's novels Dune Messiah and Children of Dune.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Herbert%27s_Children_of_DuneDune (Dune is a 1984 American epic science fiction film written and directed by David Lynch and based on the 1965 Frank Herbert novel of the same name.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dune_(1984_film)The Loch Ness Monster: The Story of The Surgeon’s Photograph- https://www.donttakepictures.com/dtp-blog/2017/4/19/the-loch-ness-monster-turns-83-the-story-of-the-surgeons-photographThe Private Life of Sherlock Holmes (The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes is a 1970 DeLuxe Color film in Panavision written and produced by Billy Wilder and I. A. L. Diamond, and directed by Wilder.)- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Private_Life_of_Sherlock_HolmesThe Private Life of Sherlock Holmes Nessie prop found- https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-36024638Dell : We just have better computers…- https://www.theverge.com/2018/4/11/17226064/dell-china-laptop-pubg-cheatingTroubling Issues (TNC podcast)- https://thatsnotcanon.com/troublingissuespodcastThat’s Not COVID (TNC podcast)- https://thatsnotcanon.com/thatsnotcovidpodcastShout Outs15 April 2020 – Brian Dennehy American actor of stage, television, and film, passed away at 81 - https://variety.com/2020/film/news/brian-dennehy-dead-dies-tommy-boy-first-blood-1234582309/Brian Dennehy, the winner of two Tonys in a career that also spanned films including “Tommy Boy,” “First Blood” and “Cocoon,” and television roles including “Dynasty” and “Death of a Salesman,”. His daughter, actress Elizabeth Dennehy, tweeted on Thursday, “It is with heavy hearts we announce that our father, Brian, passed away last night from natural causes, not Covid-related. Larger than life, generous to a fault, a proud and devoted father and grandfather, he will be missed by his wife, Jennifer, family and many friends,” The actor made his TV and feature debut in 1977, from that point he maintained a heavy work load for decades. In 1982 his profile increased significantly thanks to his effective performance in the role of Teasle, the sadistic small-town police chief who is Sylvester Stallone’s lead adversary in “First Blood.” One of Dennehy’s most memorable film roles came in Alan J. Pakula’s 1990 adaptation of Turow’s bestselling novel “Presumed Innocent,” starring Harrison Ford as the Chicago assistant district attorney on trial for the murder of a co-worker with whom he had an affair. Dennehy played his boss, who’s up for re-election and has multiple divided loyalties, with a subtlety that was necessary. He died from sepsis in New Haven, Connecticut.15 April 2020 - Allen Daviau, American cinematographer passed away at 77 - https://variety.com/2020/film/news/allen-daviau-dead-dies-e-t-empire-of-the-sun-1234582518/Cinematographer Allen Daviau, a five-time Academy Award nominee for films including Steven Spielberg’s “E.T. the Extra Terrestrial” and “Empire of the Sun”. Food editor and writer Colman Andrews wrote on Twitter that Daviau had died of coronavirus at the MPTF hospital. “RIP Allen Daviau, my friend of almost 60 years, cinematographer and bon vivant, five-time Academy Award nominee, dining companion extraordinaire, pure soul, who left us last night at the MPTF Hospital, his longtime home, after contracting COVID-19. Salut, mon ami.” Daviau, a New Orleans native, was nominated for best cinematography Oscars for Spielberg movies “The Color Purple,” “Empire of the Sun,” and “E.T. the Extraterrestrial” — along with two Barry Levinson films, “Avalon” and “Bugsy.” He also shot the Gobi desert sequence for Spielberg’s “Close Encounters of the Third Kind.” In 1983, he talked to American Cinematographer magazine about prepping the “E.T.” shoot, “We sat down with Steven and started screening movies together. This is the best way I know to get started, watching our own movies and other people’s movies, discussing them, evolving the style we want. We watched Night of the Hunter, Alien, Apocalypse Now, Last Tango in Paris — I forget what all.” Daviau described his favorite scene in “E.T.” to the magazine: “It would be the one in which the youngster [Henry Thomas] says, ‘I’m keeping him.’ The little girl [Drew Barrymore] walks forward, there are highlights in E.T.’s eyes, no detail in the face, and the light is yellow, the effect is very much that of a Maxfield Parrish painting.” He died from complications of COVID-19 in Los Angeles,California.16 April 2020 - Gene Deitch, American animator & filmmaker passed away at 95 - https://news.expats.cz/weekly-czech-news/american-animator-longtime-prague-expat-gene-deitch-passes-away-at-age-95/Gene Deitch was an American Oscar-winning illustrator, animator, film director and producer, he directed 13 episodes of “Tom and Jerry” and also some of the “Popeye the Sailor” series. As an animator, he got the Gold Medal of the New York Art Directors Club for the best commercials twice at end of the 1940s and the beginning of the 1950s. These works of his were the first to enter the Museum of Modern Art in New York. Deitch said he loved Prague, where he had shot 70 animated films and seven TV series and was very happy there. He won the Winsor McCay Award for his lifetime contributions in animation in 2004, which he appreciated more than the Oscar, he admitted in one of his interviews. He died from cardiac arrest in Prague.17 April 2020 - Matthew Seligman, New Wave Bassist For The Soft Boys And David Bowie passed away at 64 - https://variety.com/2020/music/news/matthew-seligman-dead-dies-coronavirus-bassist-david-bowie-1234584453/Matthew Seligman, was a member of The Soft Boys and the Thompson Twins, and was a sideman for Thomas Dolby. Seligman was also a member of Bruce Woolley & The Camera Club and The Dolphin Brothers. Seligman joined Bowie during his 1985 Live Aid performance and played bass on the soundtrack for his 1986 film “Labyrinth.” His longtime friend and fellow musician Thomas Dolby shared details about Seligman’s death in a Facebook post, saying he suffered a severe hemorrhagic stroke on Friday. He had also been in an induced coma for two weeks after testing positive for coronavirus in St. George’s University Hospital in London. Dolby posted a photo of Seligman with lyrics from his song “I Love You Goodbye.” “Some words are sad to sing. Some leave me tongue-tied. But the hardest words I know are I love you goodbye,” he wrote. He died from complications of COVID-19 in London.Remembrances21 April 1965 - Edward Victor Appleton - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Victor_AppletonEnglish physicist, Nobel Prize winner (1947) and pioneer in radiophysics. He studied, and was also employed as a lab technician, at Bradford College from 1909 to 1911. He won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1947 for his seminal work proving the existence of the ionosphere during experiments carried out in 1924. Appleton had observed that the strength of the radio signal from a transmitter on a frequency such as the medium wave band and over a path of a hundred miles or so was constant during the day but that it varied during the night. This led him to believe that it was possible that two radio signals were being received. It was sensible to suggest these variations were due to the interference of two waves but an extra step to show that the second wave causing the interference (the first being the ground wave) was coming down from the ionosphere. The basic idea behind Appleton’s work is so simple that it is hard to understand at first how he devoted almost all his scientific career to its study. Thanks to Appleton’s research, the periods when these would occur could be predicted and communication could be switched to wavelengths that would be least affected. Radar, was one that came about thanks to Appleton’s work. On a very general level, his research consisted in determining the distance of reflecting objects from radio signal transmitters. This is exactly the idea of radar and the flashing dots that appear on the screen scanned by the circulating ‘searcher’ bar. This system was developed partly by Appleton as a new method, called the pulse method, to make ionospheric measurements. It was later adapted by Robert Watson-Watt to detect aeroplanes. Nowadays, ionospheric data is important when communications with satellites are considered. He died at the age of 72 in Edinburgh.21 April 2016 – Prince - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prince_(musician)Prince Rogers Nelson, American singer, songwriter, musician, record producer, dancer, actor, and filmmaker. A guitar virtuoso and multi-instrumentalist known for his eclectic genre-crossing work, flamboyant and androgynous persona, energetic live shows and wide-ranging singing voice, in particular his far reaching falsetto and high-pitched screams, Prince is regarded as one of the greatest, versatile and most successful musicians in the history of popular music. His innovative music integrated a wide variety of styles, including funk, R&B, rock, new wave, soul, psychedelia and pop. Prince pioneered the late 1970s Minneapolis sound, a funk rock sub genre drawing from synth-pop and new wave. He sold over 100 million records worldwide, ranking him among the best-selling music artists of all time. He won seven Grammy Awards, seven Brit Awards, six American Music Awards, four MTV Video Music Awards, an Academy Award, and a Golden Globe Award. He was also honored with special awards including the Grammy President's Merit Award, American Music Awards for Achievement and of Merit, and the Billboard Icon Award. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2004, the UK Music Hall of Fame in 2006, and the Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame in 2016. In 2016, he was posthumously honored with a Doctor of Humane Letters by the University of Minnesota. Rolling Stone placed him among its list of the 100 Greatest Artists of All Time. He died from accidental overdose of fentanyl at the age of 57 in Chanhassen, Minnesota.21 April 2018 - Verne Troyer - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verne_TroyerAmerican actor, comedian, and stunt performer who played Mini-Me in the Austin Powers film series. He had cartilage–hair hypoplasia and was 2 ft 8 in (81 cm) tall. Troyer first met with Jay Roach to discuss portraying Mini-Me in the Austin Powers series, Myers was impressed with Troyer's performance, rewriting the script for Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me to give Mini-Me more screen time and remove the character's death. Troyer reprised the role three years later in Austin Powers in Goldmember, and collaborated again with Myers on The Love Guru. After reaching a large audience as Mini-Me, Troyer portrayed the goblin Griphook in Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone and played the role of Percy in Terry Gilliam's fantasy film The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus. He died from suicide at the age of 49 in Los Angeles,California.Famous Birthdays21 April 1816 - Charlotte Brontë - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlotte_Bront%C3%ABEnglish novelist and poet, the eldest of the three Brontë sisters who survived into adulthood and whose novels became classics of English literature. In 1839 she undertook the role as governess for the Sidgwick family but left after a few months to return to Haworth where the sisters opened a school, but failed to attract pupils. Instead, they turned to writing and they each first published in 1846 under the pseudonyms of Currer, Ellis and Acton Bell. While her first novel, The Professor, was rejected by publishers, her second novel, Jane Eyre, was published in 1847. The book's style was innovative, combining naturalism with gothicmelodrama, and broke new ground in being written from an intensely evoked first-person female perspective. Brontë believed art was most convincing when based on personal experience; in Jane Eyre she transformed the experience into a novel with universal appeal. She was born in Thornton.21 April 1915 - Garrett Hardin - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garrett_HardinAmerican ecologist and proponent of eugenics who warned of the dangers of human overpopulation. He is most famous for his exposition of the tragedy of the commons, in a 1968 paper of the same title in Science, which called attention to "the damage that innocent actions by individuals can inflict on the environment". He is also known for Hardin's First Law of Human Ecology: "We can never do merely one thing. Any intrusion into nature has numerous effects, many of which are unpredictable." In 1968, Hardin applied his conceptual model developed in his essay "The tragedy of the commons" to human population growth, the use of the Earth's natural resources, and the welfare state. Hardin blamed the welfare state for allowing the tragedy of the commons; where the state provides for children and supports over-breeding as a fundamental human right, Hardin stated in his analysis of the tragedy of the commons that "Freedom in a commons brings ruin to all." He was born in Dallas, Texas.21 April 1979 - James McAvoy - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_McAvoyScottish actor. He made his acting debut as a teen in The Near Room (1995) and made mostly television appearances until 2003, when his feature film career began. His notable television work includes the thriller State of Play and the science fiction miniseries Frank Herbert's Children of Dune. He has performed in several West End productions and received three nominations for the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor, and has also done voice work for animated films including Gnomeo & Juliet, its sequel, Sherlock Gnomes, and Arthur Christmas. In 2003, McAvoy appeared in a lead role in Bollywood Queen, then another lead role as Rory in Inside I'm Dancing in 2004. This was followed by a supporting role, as the faun Mr. Tumnus, in The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe. His performance in Kevin Macdonald's drama The Last King of Scotland garnered him several award nominations, including the BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actor. The critically acclaimed romantic drama war film Atonement earned him a Golden Globe Award nomination and his second BAFTA nomination. He later appeared as a newly trained assassin in the action thriller Wanted. In 2011, McAvoy played Professor Charles Xavier in the superhero film X-Men: First Class, a role he reprised in X-Men: Days of Future Past, X-Men: Apocalypse, Deadpool 2 and Dark Phoenix. In 2016, he portrayed Kevin Wendell Crumb, a man with 23 alternate personalities, in M. Night Shyamalan's Split, for which he received critical acclaim, and later reprised the role for the sequel Glass. He was born in Glasgow.Events of Interest21 April 1918 – German flying ace, “Red Baron,” killed in action - https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/red-baron-killed-in-action-2In the well-trafficked skies above the Somme River in France, Baron Manfred von Richthofen, the notorious German flying ace known as the Red Baron,” is killed by Allied fire. On April 21, 1918, with 80 victories under his belt, Richthofen led his squadron of triplanes deep into Allied territory in France on a search for British observation aircraft. The flight drew the attention of an Allied squadron led by Canadian Royal Air Force pilot Captain Arthur Roy Brown. As Richthofen pursued a plane piloted by Brown’s compatriot, Wilfred R. May, the Red Baron ventured too far into enemy territory and too low to the ground. Two miles behind the Allied lines, just as Brown caught up with Richthofen and fired on him, the chase passed over an Australian machine-gun battery, whose riflemen opened fire. Richthofen was hit in the torso; though he managed to land his plane alongside the road from Corbie to Bray, near Sailley-le-Sac, he was dead by the time Australian troops reached him. Brown is often given credit for downing Richthofen from the air, though some claimed it was actually an Australian gunner on the ground who fired the fatal shot; debate continues to this day.21 April 1934 – The "Surgeon's Photograph", the most famous photo allegedly showing the Loch Ness Monster, is published in the Daily Mail (in 1999, it is revealed to be a hoax) - http://www.myday.si/index.php?c=events&view=detail&id=450&d=21&m=4The "Surgeon's Photograph" purported to be the first photo of a "head and neck". Dr. Wilson claimed he was looking at the loch when he saw the monster, so grabbed his camera and snapped five photos. After the film was developed, only two exposures were clear. The first photo (the more publicised one) shows what was claimed to be a small head and back. The second one, a blurry image, attracted little publicity because it was difficult to interpret what was depicted. Wilson's refusal to have his name associated with the photograph led to it being called "Surgeon's Photograph". The strangely small ripples on the photo fit the size and circular pattern of small ripples as opposed to large waves when photographed up close. Analysis of the original uncropped image fostered further doubt.21 April 1989 - Tiananmen Square protests of 1989: In Beijing, around 100,000 students gather in Tiananmen Square to commemorate Chinese reform leader Hu Yaobang. - https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/chinese-students-begin-protests-at-tiananmen-squareSix days after the death of Hu Yaobang, the deposed reform-minded leader of the Chinese Communist Party, some 100,000 students gather at Beijing’s Tiananmen Square to commemorate Hu and voice their discontent with China’s authoritative communist government. The next day, an official memorial service for Hu Yaobang was held in Tiananmen’s Great Hall of the People was broadcast live to the students. General secretary Zhao Ziyang delivered the eulogy. The funeral seemed rushed, and only lasted 40 minutes, as emotions ran high in the Square. Students wept. Security cordoned off the east entrance to the Great Hall of the People, but several students pressed forward. A few were allowed to cross the police line. Student representatives carried a petition to the steps of the Great Hall, demanding to meet with Premier Li Peng. The larger number of students still in the Square but outside the cordon were at times emotional, shouting demands or slogans and rushing toward police. The Chinese government refused such a meeting, leading to a general boycott of Chinese universities across the country and widespread calls for democratic reforms.IntroArtist – Goblins from MarsSong Title – Super Mario - Overworld Theme (GFM Trap Remix)Song Link - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-GNMe6kF0j0&index=4&list=PLHmTsVREU3Ar1AJWkimkl6Pux3R5PB-QJFollow us onFacebook- Page - https://www.facebook.com/NerdsAmalgamated/- Group - https://www.facebook.com/groups/440485136816406/Twitter - https://twitter.com/NAmalgamatedSpotify - https://open.spotify.com/show/6Nux69rftdBeeEXwD8GXrSiTunes - https://itunes.apple.com/au/podcast/top-shelf-nerds/id1347661094RSS - http://www.thatsnotcanonproductions.com/topshelfnerdspodcast?format=rssInstagram - https://www.instagram.com/nerds_amalgamated/General EnquiriesEmail - Nerds.Amalgamated@gmail.comRate & Review us on Podchaser - https://www.podchaser.com/podcasts/nerds-amalgamated-623195

Life during feudalism, popular revolt, heretical resistance: "All the World Needs Jolt: Social Movements and Political Crisis in Medieval Europe". Further reading: Tragedy of the Commons on Wikipedia "First as Tragedy, then as Fascism", article from The Baffler about the legacy of Garrett Hardin, who popularized the "tragedy" in a 1968 essay. The Revolution of Everyday Life by Raoul Vaneigem (PDF) Music on this episode by Big Blood and I Love You. Email us at thebookonfirepodcast@gmail.com [[ Dave & Janet's Radical Vitalism :: Blog :: Instagram :: Website ]]

Essen oder gegessen werden – wir bereiten unsere Kinder, jungen Erwachsenen und Studenten auf eine Welt des Wettbewerbes vor. Homo Homini Lupus im modernen Gewande. Aber passt dies überhaupt zu den Problemen der heutigen Zeit? Ist diese Ideologie die richtige um tatsächlich Fortschritt zu erzielen? »Marx: alle Sinne reduzieren sich auf das Haben. Solidarität wird ersetzt durch egoistische Konkurrenz und Macht.«, Michael Quante Zwei Seiten einer Medaille als Kontext: »Die Tragödie des Menschen und der Allmende«. Eineseits sprechen wir, nach Arnold Gehlen, über den Mensch als Mängelwesen, das aber über die Fähigkeit der Kooperation zur dominierenden Spezies des Planeten geworden ist, andererseits Garrett Hardin, tragedy of the commons – wo das bisherige Ende dieser Kooperation zu erkennen war. Natürliche Ressourcen werden bis zum Kollaps zerstört. Kooperation in modernem Gewande, nicht Wettbewerb, hat in der Vergangenheit zu enormen Leistungen verholfen, denken wir an die Mondlandung, das Manhatten Projekt, den Umgang mit SARS, AIDS oder dem Ozonloch. Aber dort, wo es heute am wichtigsten ist, zum Beispiel dem Klimawandel, kommen wir nicht voran. Wie kann eine kooperative Nutzung wesentlicher Ressourcen in der Zukunft aussehen? Welche Rolle spielen moderne Technologien wie die künstliche Intelligenz? Andere Episoden: Episode #3: Unerwartete Konsequenzen, das Ozonloch Episode #6: Messen was messbar ist Episode #16: Innovation und Fortschritt oder Stagnation Referenzen Michael Quante, Das philosophische Radio, WDR5, 3.1.2020 Der Mensch als Mängelwesen, NZZ 24.01.2004 Klaus Kornwachs, Philosophie der Technik (C.H.Beck Wissen) (2013) Teller und Oppenheimer, Das Ende der Welt? Nassim Taleb, Skin in the Game (2018) Keith Carlisle, Rebecca L. Gruby, Polycentric Systems of Governance: A Theoretical Model for the Commons, The Policy Studies Journal, Vol. 00, No. 00, 2017 Seven principles of resilience, Stockholm Resilience Centre

Welcome to Finance and Fury, The Furious Friday Edition.    The final episode in the mini-series for the SDGs - Covered a lot – today - Summary wrap up and piece together next step One sentence – UN's Agenda 2030 wants us giving up sovereignty to a global unelected socialist government – Went through the 3 Founders – Roosevelt praised fascism, thought it was the best kind of Gov and acted like it in USA, Stalin - loves him some communism and mass genocide, then Churchill – Not a fan of Indian’s ‘beastly people’ – 1943 Bengali Famine for 3m people starved to death thanks to his policies to take all the food out of the area This sort of thing can’t happen today unless we want this – hard to hide true crimes like the past The founders of the UN weren’t good leaders, they loved Authoritarian rule – Why would anyone want to live under a Nazi, Communist or Fascist? What if it is done in the name of climate change? That is the propaganda - SDG4 -method of building international socialism – the aim has always started by targeting the next generation - now with global-socialist propaganda All of SDG4 is devoted to ensuring that all children, everywhere, are transformed into what the UN calls “agents of change,” – pushing what the UN wants – Agenda 2030 agreement states the aim is to do this - “Children and young women and men are critical agents of change and will find in the new Goals a platform to channel their infinite capacities for activism into the creation of a better world,” – all the protests been concocted up as part of Agenda 2030 – through the UN 'Extinction Rebellion' protests – bringing cities to a standstill as protestors demand government officials take immediate action to combat climate change.  60 major cities across the world through late October – two days in a row – clients/staff late from protests These protestors have already taken over streets, blocked roadways, and disrupted public transportation in London, Sydney, Paris, and Berlin. Their message is that climate change is an emergency that requires drastic and immediate action Looking to force significant policy change is to shut down parts of major infrastructure, like roads, bridges, highways, rail, airports, and ports – basically acting like fascists or Stalin’s useful idiots From what I see it is about crashing the global economy to install a new economic model - Modern Money Theory (MMT) Agenda 2030 is a pretty clear roadmap to global socialism and corporatism/fascism – using activists as the new Brown shirts And what's the reason behind climate change protestors shutting down cities and causing economic shocks across the world? U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-Moon spoke of ‘a dream of a world of peace and dignity for all’ this is no different than when the Communists promised the people a ‘worker’s paradise.’” – to give them mass starvation and Gulag prison camps History is littered with examples - in a similar manner – Mussolini – Fascism: Doctrines and Institutions - 1923 “State intervention in economic production arises when private initiative is insufficient or when the interests of the state are involved. This intervention may take the form of control.” – Take control of the economy to serve the state, not the people Speech in 1933 – “Fascism establishes the real equality of individuals before the nations. The object of the regime in the economic field is to ensure higher social justice for the whole of the Italian people. What does social justice mean? It means work guaranteed, fair wages, decent homes, it means the possibility of continuous evolution and improvement.” – almost impossible to tell the people history calls evil to the rulers of the UN today Another example - Nazis – National Socialists – Hitler’s party mandate: “We demand the nationalisation of all trusts and demand profit-sharing in large industries. The first duty of every citizen must be to work mentally or physically. No individual shall do any work that offends against the interest of the community to the benefit of all.” – UN has the circular economy to get to the same outcome – all what is in the state's interest Governments deciding what to be produced/consumed, what the price is and who is employed never ended well – but yet people are keen to repeat? The similarities between what the UN wants and what the Nazi’s wanted keeps going on Nazis - First political party in the world to pass laws protecting the environment in 1935 two years after the Nazis rose to power - passed a Reich law for the protection of the natural environment scope was unprecedented at the time and while the stated goal was to protect and care for the environment – saving the planet not high on the list Think about Wars and the CO2 emissions form bombs – Obama dropped 26k bombs in 2016 alone – lots of environmental destruction and waste emission there – but meets with Greta for a photo op UN acts like fascists - That is why the 2030 Agenda is universal, applying to all countries and actors – Un states: “requires all nations to take climate action, reduce unemployment, strengthen gender equality and promote peaceful societies, to name a few, if the world is to eradicate poverty and shift into a more sustainable development” – Follows similar fascist policies of enforcement and punishment rather than incentives like a free market - Everything is an inversion – promote peaceful societies- carried out using violence/enforcement – make a tweet or FB post gets you arrested in the UK if it is offensive – Words have been equated to violence – so to keep a peaceful society nobody can do anything – let alone speak their mind – Irony here is that offence is taken, not given – but this is ignored to protect the faux offended – moral outrage parade Two-fold – Economics side of thing, and population control measure – Population is key for CO2 emissions - industrialising countries creates more CO2, create more people as well = more CO2 Agenda 2030 at the core – to reduce individuals’ ability to create families and prosper – through economic and environmental control What is a clue that the UN doesn’t want to solve climate change and instead grab control over your lives? The fact they wish to send billions off our shores to develop other countries – but in reality – goes to Green Climate fund which sends it off to HSBC and other banks to do who knows what with it – but if they actually develop these countries then more C02 will occur – but I think it will just be more lost money Truth - Most developed or rich nations have higher emissions – so by making us poor through extraction and laws that the developing nations don’t have to follow - then lowers our consumptions and life quality Another clue is the immigration - wanting to increase immigration through the Global Migration Compact – NGOs Also - Increase in labour does drop wages – and wages aren’t representing in the economy – transfer out is same as selling local currency – flooding and devaluing over time – equality – use the strong for the benefit of the weak, so everyone becomes the sum of all averages. All inversions - Another core feature of the SDGs is their focus on means of implementation, or the mobilization of financial resources, along with capacity building and technology. Mobilisation – Stalin was great at that SDG10 - which calls on the UN, national governments, and every person on Earth to “reduce inequality within and among countries.” agreement continues, will “only be possible if wealth is shared and income inequality is addressed.” Needs to be international socialism/communism – agreement states: national socialism to “combat inequality” domestically is not enough — international socialism is needed to battle inequality even “among” countries. “By 2030, ensure that all men and women, in particular the poor and the vulnerable, have equal rights to economic resources,” Wealth redistribution alone, however, will not be enough. Governments must also seize control of the means of production — either directly or through fascist-style mandates – Like Stalin, Hitler, Mussolini, pick any dictator Agenda 2030 - “We commit to making fundamental changes in the way that our societies produce and consume goods and services,” and “governments, international organizations, the business sector and other non-state actors and individuals must contribute to changing unsustainable consumption and production patterns … to move towards more sustainable patterns of consumption and production.” Agenda 2030 document is claiming that today’s “consumption and production” patterns are unsustainable, so we’ll need to get by with less. How much less? 1992 Earth Summit - Maurice Strong – Oil Billionaire founder of UNEP - “It is clear that current lifestyles and consumption patterns of the affluent middle-class … involving high meat intake, consumption of large amounts of frozen and ‘convenience’ foods, ownership of motor vehicles, numerous electrical appliances, home and workplace air-conditioning ... expensive suburban housing … are not sustainable.” – Sustainable development goals aim to remove these things for sustainability = lower quality of life In truth, such “lifestyles and consumption patterns” aresustainable, so long as the freedom that makes prosperity possible is not destroyed in the name of achieving “sustainability.” The UN and the environmental lobby claim that we must get by with less because there are now too many people on the planet consuming too many resources. But this rationale for accepting UN-imposed scarcity is patently false Read just a bit of history and see this has been the same message for 200 years - All had same message back in the 1920s- running out of food when we hit 3bn people – the planet would be destroyed by the 70s, and so on What solved it? Free markets – but if markets aren’t allowed to solve problems as they are closed from UN polices – these predictions may come true – so the only solution is less people Which is what this all boiled down to - populations level controls  Little unknown fact – the root of climate organisation was from individuals involved with eugenicists – mission success – population reduction is turning into the answer – not the first time it has happened – A history lesson time – British PM Margaret Thatcher - the first world leader to voice alarm over global warming in 1988 the same year, the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) and World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) established the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) – mandate to only look for human-induced climate change launch of the IPCC was not driven by science, but by eugenics - the “race science” made infamous by Adolf Hitler Thatcher got her marching orders from Sir Crispin Tickell - cousin Sir Julian Huxley the President of the British Eugenics Society in 1959-62 – Brother Aldus wrote Brave New World – design for the UNs ideals of how to run society in class Eugenics society Renamed the Galton Institute in 1989 – after Francis Galton who founded eugenics - had to rebrand after a few decades of bad press – Hitler, 60k forced sterilisations in California, New solution - beyond direct - how else could you have control over populations – control the environment they live Ideal or bad climates/environments can increase or decrease population size of animals in zoos – are we different? Decrease fertility rates and population goes down, reduce access to water or food, or to change their environment to adapt Sir Julian Huxley co-founded the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) with Prince Philip and former Nazi SS officer Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands - Tickell and cousin Huxley are both direct descendants of Thomas Henry Huxley, a.k.a. “Darwin’s Bulldog” for his aggressive advocacy of Charles Darwin – Galton’s half cousin – No wonder Nazi’s loved Galton - he proclaimed that “Jews are parasites”, that “the worth of an individual should be calculated at birth, by his class”, and that the “unfit” should simply be eliminated; he was knighted by King Edward VII in 1909 for founding eugenics as a new ruling British imperial doctrine No surprise that Queen Elizabeth II’s father King George VI and his wife supported Hitler right up until WWII. support is evident in a 1933 film in which the seven-year-old current Queen is giving the “Heil Hitler” salute along with her uncle the Prince of Wales, the future King Edward VIII WWF founder Prince Philip has well-documented Nazi connections - his sister Sophie married a colonel in the SS on Himmler’s personal staff Prince Philip has infamously desired to “return as a deadly virus, in order to contribute something to solve overpopulation”. The UNEP was founded by oil and mineral businessman Maurice Strong in 1972 - An ardent population control advocate member of the Club of Rome – same place UN getting its recommendations till this day – back in the 70’s and 80s when this was starting - a haven for eugenicists - Garrett Hardin who has argued for brutal population control policies, such as denying medical and nutritional assistance that would condemn millions to die of starvation and disease From the horses mouth - 1989 Thatcher’s speech to the UN General Assembly - “Put in its bluntest form: the main threat to our environment is more and more people, and their activities…. Mr President, the environmental challenge which confronts the whole world demands an equivalent response from the whole world. Every country will be affected and no one can opt out.” - Eugenics and population control is the barely-hidden agenda as part of the UN – google it though and ‘conspiracy’ Go further and learn about Margaret sanger – planned parenthood founder – big fan of eugenics – read some letters Think about the SDGs gone through so far – the only way to get environmental damage down to nothing is if humans don’t exist – Under current technology – not possible to go 100% renewables like solar, wind - Possible to go nuclear or thorium Nature of the UN is totally undemocratic and it relies on our passive, ill-informed acceptance of ‘authorities’ – what the founders wanted As this plan is covertly implemented by Governments on the behest of the UN - none of us had been informed about it or have voted for it in any way; it basically leads to the loss of personal freedom and sovereignty worldwide. Which is why I wanted to do this series – provide some clarity to the issue – that the people striking and disrupting are useful idiots - don’t be afraid – just say no to being forced into this As a country, shouldn’t we get a say on what laws should be adopted? Especially when it comes from other unelected international individuals who have been linked to ‘racial cleansing’? Doesn’t it disqualify you to be a politician if you have duel citizenship? Cause you may act in the interest of the other country – how is that different from acting on behalf a foreign Governments? The aim of being sustainable is to collapse the economy – usher in UBI and other forms of population control Control the environment – control the finances (incomes with UBI), control the lifestyles, control the living situations In the end – don’t fall for the UN’s promises of absolution of guilt and solving the climate changing When they can change the Spring turning to summer, I may listen – but to give over everything to a group individuals who meet in secret, all have 4 houses, take private jets everywhere and tell us we are the problem - no thank you   To close – If you are worried about the climate changing due to human activity – then do what you can control – change your behaviours – but don’t ask for global socialism and repeating the horrors of history – but on a global scale –   Thanks for listening, if you want to get in contact you can here https://financeandfury.com.au/contact/    

Sponsors Cachefly Panel Pia Mancini Eric Berry Joined By Special Guest: Greg Bloom Episode Summary Greg Bloom, the Chief Organizing Officer of Open Referral Initiative, a community of practice that develops data standards and open source tools that make it easier to share, find and use information about health, human, and social services.Greg talks about the evolution of Open Referral Initiative and defines what "commons" is. He mentions how some of the dilemmas developers are facing in open source software maintenance resembles some of the dilemmas dealt with in common resources management. The panel then talks about what principles or rules should be defined for using open source software resources by taking cues from the common resources management guidelines. Links: https://OpenReferral.org https://openreferral.org/our-video-open-referral-in-three-minutes/ Greg's LinkedIn Greg's Twitter Governing the Commons by Elinor Ostrom Tragedy of the Commons by Garrett Hardin Elinor Ostrom https://commons.blog/2012/08/18/how-commons-can-flourish/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institutional_analysis_and_development_framework https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tragedy_of_the_commons https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institutional_analysis_and_development_framework The Institutional Analysis and Development Framework Principles of Open Source Institutional Design https://aspirationtech.org Governing Knowledge Commons by Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, Katherine J. Strandburg Picks Eric Berry: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preacher_(comics) iPadOS Preview Pia Mancini: The Age of Surveillance Capitalism by Shoshana Zuboff The Value of Everything by Mariana Mazzucato Greg Bloom: https://responsibledata.io/ https://digitalpublic.io/ Special Guest: Greg Bloom.

Sponsors Cachefly Panel Pia Mancini Eric Berry Joined By Special Guest: Greg Bloom Episode Summary Greg Bloom, the Chief Organizing Officer of Open Referral Initiative, a community of practice that develops data standards and open source tools that make it easier to share, find and use information about health, human, and social services.Greg talks about the evolution of Open Referral Initiative and defines what "commons" is. He mentions how some of the dilemmas developers are facing in open source software maintenance resembles some of the dilemmas dealt with in common resources management. The panel then talks about what principles or rules should be defined for using open source software resources by taking cues from the common resources management guidelines. Links: https://OpenReferral.org https://openreferral.org/our-video-open-referral-in-three-minutes/ Greg's LinkedIn Greg's Twitter Governing the Commons by Elinor Ostrom Tragedy of the Commons by Garrett Hardin Elinor Ostrom https://commons.blog/2012/08/18/how-commons-can-flourish/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institutional_analysis_and_development_framework https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tragedy_of_the_commons https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institutional_analysis_and_development_framework The Institutional Analysis and Development Framework Principles of Open Source Institutional Design https://aspirationtech.org Governing Knowledge Commons by Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, Katherine J. Strandburg Picks Eric Berry: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preacher_(comics) iPadOS Preview Pia Mancini: The Age of Surveillance Capitalism by Shoshana Zuboff The Value of Everything by Mariana Mazzucato Greg Bloom: https://responsibledata.io/ https://digitalpublic.io/

Sponsors Cachefly Panel Pia Mancini Eric Berry Joined By Special Guest: Greg Bloom Episode Summary Greg Bloom, the Chief Organizing Officer of Open Referral Initiative, a community of practice that develops data standards and open source tools that make it easier to share, find and use information about health, human, and social services.Greg talks about the evolution of Open Referral Initiative and defines what "commons" is. He mentions how some of the dilemmas developers are facing in open source software maintenance resembles some of the dilemmas dealt with in common resources management. The panel then talks about what principles or rules should be defined for using open source software resources by taking cues from the common resources management guidelines. Links: https://OpenReferral.org https://openreferral.org/our-video-open-referral-in-three-minutes/ Greg's LinkedIn Greg's Twitter Governing the Commons by Elinor Ostrom Tragedy of the Commons by Garrett Hardin Elinor Ostrom https://commons.blog/2012/08/18/how-commons-can-flourish/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institutional_analysis_and_development_framework https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tragedy_of_the_commons https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institutional_analysis_and_development_framework The Institutional Analysis and Development Framework Principles of Open Source Institutional Design https://aspirationtech.org Governing Knowledge Commons by Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, Katherine J. Strandburg Picks Eric Berry: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preacher_(comics) iPadOS Preview Pia Mancini: The Age of Surveillance Capitalism by Shoshana Zuboff The Value of Everything by Mariana Mazzucato Greg Bloom: https://responsibledata.io/ https://digitalpublic.io/

De verkiezingen en de "tragedie van het gemeenschappelijke goed", dat zijn de onderwerpen die vandaag op de toog liggen van In De Gouden Leeuw. Of hoe een verhaal over schapen en Oudnederlandse weides aan de basis ligt van het gedachtegoed dat er decennialang er voor heeft gezorgd dat publieke voorzieningen werden afgebouwd. Of Arne en Felix met die interpretatie van de theorie akkoord zijn? Dat zal het tooggesprek wel uitwijzen. Het is alleszins duidelijk dat ze om de stellingen te dissecteren hun scherpste mes hebben meegenomen . Dat komt handig uit bovendien, want dat slingerde daar toch nog ergens rond. Rechtzetting: de Global Warming Potential van koelvloeistof (R134a) is 1.430 en niet 20.000. Arne's ongelukje komt dus niet overeen met een vlucht naar Kaapstad (1,5 ton CO2), maar eerder met een retourtje Brussel-Parijs met de wagen (107 kg CO2). Show Notes ---------------- Artikel Verkiezingen: "Worstel nooit met een zwijn" - Othman El Hammouchi - VRT Tragedie van de Meent op Nederlandstalige Wikipedia (Video) Tragedy of the Commons: The Problem with Open Access- This Place Het originele artikel van Garrett Hardin op de website van het tijdschrift Science Kritisch artikel over Hardin in Scientific American van Matto Mildenberger (Video) Tibetaans Bosbeheer: Who Should Govern Nature - This Place

  Welcome, Disclaimer- we smoke Weed! Steve is leaving FB and IG by end of August, follow me on Twitter and YT for now A reading from The Voyage of The Spaceship Beagle, by Garrett Hardin, author of “The Tragedy of The Commons”, which posits that “The Pee-pull” are not capable of stewarding their own shared resources sustainably, and therefore must of necessity be led by an elite class of forward thinking leaders of Industry and Governance, elected or not.  A Conclusive refutation of the philosophies of Hardin’s thought experiment (indeed that is all that “Tragedy” was) was awarded the Nobel Memorial Medal in Economics to Elinor Ostrom in 2009 for proving through over a decade’s worth of research and empirical data that communites can and indeed DO successfully manage crucial shared resources through elective communication, the creation of best practices and rules for accessing shared resources, and by providing mitigation in the form of sharing of the surpluses of production between members of local communities and at the inter community (trade) level.  The 420 Bill hit’s Washington DC’s Halls of Legislature- High Times story: https://hightimes.com/news/420-bill-federally-legalize-marijuana-has-officially-been-introduced/ Bartleby was a Tartarian: Change my mind   Episode Credits   LINKS:    MY PERMANENT HOME ON THE WEB: www.bakedandawake.com (http://www.bakedandawake.com)   Email: talktous@bakedandawake.com    Rss: http://bakedandawake.libsyn.com/rss   YouTube Channel:  https://www.youtube.com/c/BakedAndAwakePodcast   Libsyn Podcast Page: http://bakedandawake.libsyn.com/  (http://bakedandawake.libsyn.com/)   Twitter:  https://twitter.com/stevecominski (@baked_and_awake)   Teepublic: https://www.teepublic.com/user/bakedandawake   Episode ambient Music generously provided by Antti Luode (http://www.soundclick.com/AnttiLuode),http://www.soundclick.com/_mobileFrame.cfm?bandID=1277008    

In 1968, Science published the now-famous paper “The Tragedy of the Commons” by ecologist Garrett Hardin. In it, Hardin questioned society's ability to manage shared resources, concluding that individuals will act in their self-interest and ultimately spoil the resource. Host Meagan Cantwell revisits this classic paper with two experts: Tine De Moor, professor of economics and social history at Utrecht University in the Netherlands, and Brett Frischmann, a professor of law, business, and economics at Villanova University in Pennsylvania. They discuss how premodern societies dealt with common resources and how our current society might apply the concept to a more abstract resource—knowledge. Not all human skulls are the same shape—and if yours is a little less round, you may have your extinct cousins, the Neanderthals, to thank. Meagan speaks with Simon Fisher, neurogeneticist and director of the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics in Nijmegen, the Netherlands, about why living humans with two Neanderthal gene variants have slightly less round heads—and how studying Neanderthal DNA can help us better understand our own biology. This week's episode was edited by Podigy. Download a transcript of this episode (PDF) Listen to previous podcasts. About the Science Podcast [Image: Phillip Gunz; Music: Jeffrey Cook]

In 1968, Science published the now-famous paper “The Tragedy of the Commons” by ecologist Garrett Hardin. In it, Hardin questioned society’s ability to manage shared resources, concluding that individuals will act in their self-interest and ultimately spoil the resource. Host Meagan Cantwell revisits this classic paper with two experts: Tine De Moor, professor of economics and social history at Utrecht University in the Netherlands, and Brett Frischmann, a professor of law, business, and economics at Villanova University in Pennsylvania. They discuss how premodern societies dealt with common resources and how our current society might apply the concept to a more abstract resource—knowledge. Not all human skulls are the same shape—and if yours is a little less round, you may have your extinct cousins, the Neanderthals, to thank. Meagan speaks with Simon Fisher, neurogeneticist and director of the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics in Nijmegen, the Netherlands, about why living humans with two Neanderthal gene variants have slightly less round heads—and how studying Neanderthal DNA can help us better understand our own biology. This week’s episode was edited by Podigy. Download a transcript of this episode (PDF) Listen to previous podcasts. About the Science Podcast [Image: Phillip Gunz; Music: Jeffrey Cook]

In this episode of Pic.Think: Film, Sy and George review Marvel's Black Panther. In the first part of this episode, we start off by playing with the idea of totems of our own, as inspired by the totem animals - Bast & Hanuman - of the Wakandan people. In the second part, we then proceed to the review where we compare our impressions of the film both inside and outside of the hype surrounding the film's release. In the third part, we then conclude the review by drawing a similarity between the Wakandan people's access to the natural resource of vibranium and the ecologist Garrett Hardin's "Lifeboat Earth" thought experiment.

Donate to The Permaculture Podcast Online: via PayPal Venmo: @permaculturepodcast Like this podcast? Support it on Patreon. My guest for this episode is David Bollier, author of numerous books about the commons. This is a topic that initially was a little hard for me to wrap my head around, so rather than try to define it here, I'll let David's description a few minutes into the conversation do this subject proper justice. In addition to defining what the commons are we also discuss property and property rights, the role we have in managing shared resources both finite and renewable, and how permaculture practitioners can work to create mainstream change through grassroots efforts and alliances. One thing I bring up during the interview is The Tragedy of The Commons, an article written by Garrett Hardin in the 1960s, which was my first named introduction to this idea of commons, what they are, how they can be damaged, and what we can do to protect them. I recommend reading that article because of the impact it has had on several generations of conservationists, land managers, environmentalists, and ultimately permaculture practitioners. When you do read it don't hold on to what is written in that piece too tightly, however, as things change pretty quickly in this conversation with David. As we get started if you enjoy this podcast become a listener-member on Patreon. Your support is vital to the continuation of this program. You will find more about David's work and a series of articles at his website, Bollier.org. While you are there you can also see his of books on The Commons and pick some up to expand your understanding of all the resources we share together and should manage in community with one another. Before heading to my thoughts and other announcements, a reminder that Dave Jacke is teaching a 9 day intensive course on Forest Garden Design from October 2 - 11, 2015 at Feathered Pipe Ranch, near Helena Montana. This is the first time in three years that this course has been offered in the United States. This all inclusive class allows students to learn how to mimic forest ecosystems that include a number of valuable characteristics including stability and resilience. As with the recent interviews with Dave this have expressed, you can also expect this course to explore the human side of design including the social and economic elements. Participants will also have the opportunity to design multiple forest garden, including one for the course site as well as for the 6th Ward Forest Garden Park to be installed in Helena. During the last several weeks I've been combing through my library and getting back into reading some of the books I consider classics in preparation for working my way through some new to me material on permaculture, the environment, and education. It is in that last place that I was brought back to David Orr's writing in Earth in Mind, a collection of essays that focus, “On Education, Environment, and the Human Prospect.” If you've never read it, though it's been over 20 years since the first edition, I recommend getting a copy. Mr. Orr looks at a variety of issues using education as the common language, similar to permaculture using the landscape, but what really frames the various pieces are the environment and communities, that human element. At one point David Orr looks at how, just as David Bollier points out, the industrial revolution changed our interactions with the environment, one another, and the connections that we share by being in community. Though we've always used resources as a species the last several hundred years have changed the scope and scale of our ability to extract materials from the environment and in turn to change the world around us. What once took generations can now be accomplished in less than a human lifetime. Where before we had to rely on one another, the culture we live in now allows us to disconnect as much as we can afford to do so. We don't have to build long-term relationships with Earth or the people near us, we can take from some far off place or hire the service and skills of anyone willing to do the work and feel insulated, and isolated, in our personal castle, whatever the form it takes. With that many of us also have the social and economic mobility to pick up and go somewhere else if the place we currently inhabit doesn't suit us any longer. But based on this conversation with David Bollier, and re-reading David Orr, I'm reminded that there are no externalities, as much as that phrase may get used to label pollution and other unaccounted for costs of industrial production, and it is our disconnection from place and each other that allows for so much environmental and ecological devastation. Society and culture move forward at a scale that still sees the world as infinite and allows ongoing extraction of resources and economic subjugation of others, so that the resources we care about go unmanaged for the rest of us and the dirty work of developed society can be cast off to those less fortunate by virtue of forces they have no control over simply by being born in a different situation. There is a systemic roadblock that leads to mountain tops being removed to extract coal, giant strip mines being sunk into the land creating scars on the landscape, water being polluted or sequestered for hydraulic fracturing, and waste being dumped in foreign lands or indigenous cultures being forced to change by economic forces. All in the name of market forces and capitalism, which creates a narrative hegemony as the story we are told and accept is the only way, yet feel very deeply that something isn't right. We as permaculture practitioners have a way to show the world what can be done to make a world where all can live and thrive, abundantly and more locally. We know the land and the landscape. That's a part of the initial attraction for many to permaculture. That's great. Let's keep that up for those of you who are good at getting your hands into the earth and producing food. But there are so many other places for us to plug-in. The community organizers can go and begin forging alliances with our neighboring and related movements. Pull in the transition towners, the slow foodies, the slow money investors. The engineers and architects can design systems that have life cycles that make . Doctors and nurses, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners, how can caring for our health be made more accessible, and use less non-renewable resources. I ask because a recent new reports on local talk radio addressed how many plastics and disposables are used in healthcare. What about sterilizing and recycling after use? Lawyers, how can we create laws and systems that allow permaculture to be practiced more readily and to make the things we want to do legal? Where are the leverage points where we can work outside the system without risking everything we have? For those who work in service sectors, from food to entertainment, how can the work you do be made to fall more in line with the ethics of this system of design? As a community of practitioners we are not alone in our practices and have a wide variety of talents, skills, backgrounds, and experiences to pull from, but we cannot do this as individuals. Together, however, we have the ability to elevate this work into a broader grassroots movement that can change the world for the betterment of all life and Earth. Join me. Let's do this. Get in touch. . Email: The Permaculture Podcast As I prepare to end this episode, a few announcements. First, I'm moving the regular release day for the show to Thursdays rather than Wednesdays, with “Best Of,” permabytes, and other supplementary material appearing on Mondays. Second, I am heading to Baltimore on July 11 to record an interview with Victoria of Charm City Farms to discuss the work she and her partner are doing to bring Permaculture to Baltimore. July 13 I sit down with Adam Brock as a follow up to the recent interview with John Wages about Permaculture Design Magazine and to talk about Adam's role as a guest editor. July 29th, Toby Hemenway and I are scheduled to talk about his latest book, The Permaculture City. If you have any questions for these upcoming guests let me know by the usual ways. Finally, August 20 - 23 I'll be at Radicle Gathering in Bowling Green, Kentucky, running a Permaculture question and answer session on Friday afternoon, a community vision workshop on Saturday morning, and delivering the Saturday night keynote address. Eric Puro of ThePOOSH will also be there as the Friday night Keynote speaker. If you are in the area come out and join in the fun of workshops, live music, and a whole bunch of people coming together to explore how to build resilient communities. radiclegathering.org. Up next week in a two-person interview are Dr. David Blumenkrantz with Jen Mendez of PermieKids to discuss Rites of Passage and Initiatory Experiences in community development and education. Until then, take care of Earth, your self, and each other.

After establishing a foundation for how to think about money in the first episode, we go on to lay an foundation for how to think. In Filters Against Folly, Garrett Hardin's great book, he outlines three filters for making decisions. I found these tremendously helpful in making good investing decisions. The three filters are: literacy, numeracy and ecolate.  Literacy is “What are the words?”  Numeracy is “What are the numbers?” As we get into value investing, you'll see that's big.  Ecolate is “…then, what?” As we think about business, we'll see how big that is. Nothing exists in isolation. Everything is connected. There are ripple effects for any decision. We discuss geometric progressions. We discuss how amazing compounding is. Compounding is the eighth wonder of the world. Anybody could be a millionaire if they had enough time and discipline to let money compound. Lastly, we cover opportunity costs, which relates to maximizing that compounding. We discussed opportunity costs as a way to organize decision making. You determine where you get the most return from your dollar.    For more information, visit DanielPecaut.com and download his free investing ebook. IWDP02

Tim Harford presents the last in the series, 'Pop-up Ideas'. Tim explores the concept of 'The Tragedy of the Commons' - a term coined by the American ecologist Garrett Hardin in a hugely influential 1968 essay. He compares Hardin's work to that of the American political economist Elinor Ostrom, to reflect on the impact of mankind on the world around us. Producer: Adele Armstrong.

Tim Harford (the Financial Times' 'Undercover Economist' and presenter of Radio 4's More or Less) is joined by Malcolm Gladwell, David Kilcullen and Gillian Tett for a new series, 'Pop-up Ideas'. Following on from his earlier Radio 4 series 'Pop-up Economics', Tim and the others use key ideas in anthropology and the social sciences to tell fascinating stories about how we - and the world - work. The talks are recorded in front of an audience at the Southbank Centre in London. Malcolm Gladwell, staff writer at the New Yorker and best-selling author of books such as The Tipping Point and Outliers, tells an extraordinarily powerful story about how listening more carefully might have shortened the Vietnam War. One of the world's most influential counter-insurgency experts, David Killcullen, whose ideas were described by the Washington Post as 'revolutionizing military thinking throughout the West', talks about how future instability will emanate from rapidly-growing coastal megacities. The financial journalist Gillian Tett describes how her background in anthropology led her to predict the financial crisis in 2008. Tim Harford explores the concept of 'The Tragedy of the Commons' - a term coined by the American ecologist Garrett Hardin in a hugely influential 1968 essay. Tim compares Hardin's work to that of the American political economist Elinor Ostrom, to reflect on the impact of mankind on the world around us. Producer: Adele Armstrong.

James Howard Kunstler explains the Tragedy of the Commons, as first described by Garrett Hardin in 1968, as how this philosophical theory relates to the public realm, suburbia, private property, commerce, environmentalism and concepts of freedom. This episode also includes a short radio story produced by MichiganNow.org featuring a walking tour by JHK in Bay City, Michigan. Special thanks to http://www.michigannow.org/