Podcasts about Millennium Development Goals

Aubrey converses with Ms Merle Victor, Life Healthcare's Chief Nurse Officer, about International Nurses Day and the challenges that are being faced by South African nurses. The Aubrey Masango Show is presented by late night radio broadcaster Aubrey Masango. Aubrey hosts in-depth interviews on controversial political issues and chats to experts offering life advice and guidance in areas of psychology, personal finance and more. All Aubrey’s interviews are podcasted for you to catch-up and listen. Thank you for listening to this podcast from The Aubrey Masango Show. Listen live on weekdays between 20:00 and 24:00 (SA Time) to The Aubrey Masango Show broadcast on 702 https://buff.ly/gk3y0Kj and on CapeTalk between 20:00 and 21:00 (SA Time) https://buff.ly/NnFM3Nk Find out more about the show here https://buff.ly/lzyKCv0 and get all the catch-up podcasts https://buff.ly/rT6znsn Subscribe to the 702 and CapeTalk Daily and Weekly Newsletters https://buff.ly/v5mfet Follow us on social media: 702 on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/TalkRadio702 702 on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@talkradio702 702 on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/talkradio702/ 702 on X: https://x.com/Radio702 702 on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@radio702 CapeTalk on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@capetalk CapeTalk on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ CapeTalk on X: https://x.com/CapeTalk CapeTalk on YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@CapeTalk567 See omnystudio.com/listener for privacy information.

Jeffrey Sachs is a renowned economist, professor, and policy advisor with decades of experience in international development and economic strategy. He has served as a special adviser to three UN Secretaries-General and has played a key role in shaping global initiatives such as the Millennium Development Goals and Agenda 2030. As the director of the Center for Sustainable Development at Columbia University, Sachs has been an advocate for sustainable economic policies, multilateral cooperation, and efforts to reduce poverty worldwide. His work has earned him recognition as one of Time Magazine's most influential world leaders. In October 2024 he published his book **Diplomacy or Desaster** in the German Westend Verlag which reiterates why negotiations are vital to shut down the war in Ukraine to prevent further escalation. In this interview, we discuss a wide range of topics, including Germany's role in global affairs, the challenges of multilateralism, theeffectiveness of international institutions like the UN, and the future of U.S. foreign policy. Sachs also shares insights from his experiences advising governments and organizations such as the IMF and World Bank. Whether you're interested in global economics, diplomacy, or international development, this conversation offers valuable perspectives on the challenges facing today's world.

Abiodun Williams is Professor of the Practice of International Politics at The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy and The Tisch College of Civic Life at Tufts University.  He was Director of Strategic Planning to UN Secretaries-General Kofi Annan and Ban Ki-moon and is past Chair of the Academic Council on the United Nations System (ACUNS).  His latest book is “Kofi Annan and Global Leadership at the United Nations.” Annan was a proactive leader who launched monumental programs that improved the UN, such as the Responsibility to Protect (R2P), the UN Human Rights Council, the UN Global Compact and the Millennium Development Goals, which were the precursors to the 17 Sustainable Development Goals. Annan was also a transformational visionary who strengthened UN peacekeeping and involved academia, NGOs and the private sector in helping overcome many international problems. Annan was quite accurate in his critique of President Bush's illegal invasion of Iraq.

We explore the idea that the gravest deficits in freedom are intrinsically linked to poverty, impacting individuals and nations worldwide. We also examine the global innovation regime's crucial role in shaping progress and human development. International impact funds encourage and reward innovations based on their social benefits, potentially revolutionizing the current innovation regime. Towards the end of the conversation, we briefly discuss the work of John Rawls and the theory of justice as fairness, which describes a society of free citizens holding equal basic rights and cooperating within an egalitarian economic system.Thomas Pogge is the Leitner Professor of Philosophy and International Affairs at Yale University. He has has authored many influential books on cosmopolitanism, global justice, and extreme poverty. @ThomasPoggeResources:World Poverty and Human RightsJohn Rawls: His Life and Theory of JusticeHealth Impact FundAn Ecological Impact Fund Key highlightsIntroduction – 00:24The poverty-freedom relationship – 03:12Is poverty a violation of human rights? – 06:52The urgency of development finance – 19:19Innovation and impact funds – 27:50Profits, patents, and incentives – 39:42Global justice and solidarity with strangers – 47:00John Rawls and a global theory of justice – 51:52To ensure you never miss an episode of In Pursuit of Development, please make sure to subscribe to our podcast, rate us to support the show, and share this episode within your networks. Your engagement helps us bring more insightful content to you and keeps the conversation going.  HostProfessor Dan Banik (@danbanik @GlobalDevPod)Apple Google Spotify YouTubeSubscribe: https://globaldevpod.substack.com/

Selam fularsızlar, bugün altruizm serisine kısa bir ara veriyoruz ve sürdürülebilirlik kavramına, BM hedeflerine, bu hedeflere neden ulaşılamadığına, Venedik'e gelen 20 milyon turistle başa çıkmanın yollarına, cennet vatan Singapura ve Ayvalık'ta bir köye bakacağız. .Konular:(00:06) Singapur övme şenlikleri.(04:05) BM Milenyum Hedefleri(05:10) BM Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedefleri(08:15) TR verimlilik Raporu(10:17) Sentrum Ayvalık Projesi(11:52) Turizm tarihi(15:57) Aşırı turizm(23:39) Sanal gerçeklik tuizmi.Kaynaklar:Rapor (pdf): Türkiye Verim AraştırmasıRapor: did the world achieve the Millennium Development Goals?Yazı: An entry fee may not be enough to save Venice from 20 million touristsRapor (pdf): Emissions of the Marella DiscoveryYazı: Top 10 green citiesVideo: Janek Rubes, Prag hakkında konuşuyorVideo: How to save tourism from itself Video: KÜÇÜKKÖY I 1. BÖLÜM.------- Podbee Sunar -------Bu podcast, EnerjiSA hakkında reklam içerir.EnerjiSA ve Daha İyi Bir Gelecek Platformu hakkında daha detaylı bilgi için dahaiyibirgelecek.org'u ziyaret edebilirsin.See Privacy Policy at https://art19.com/privacy and California Privacy Notice at https://art19.com/privacy#do-not-sell-my-info.

On today's episode of the Green Hour, we're learning about the creation of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Joining us is Paula Caballero, former Director for Economic, Social and Environmental Affairs in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Colombia. Paula is recognized as having created the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals concept, which is considered to be a “blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all.”In this episode, we explore the vital importance of global goals in sustainable development, delving into the historical context and progress of global goals. We examine the Millennium Development Goals which were adopted in 2002, looking at their creation, minimalist fashion, and evaluate their success. Paula Caballero guides us through the evolution from MDGs to the groundbreaking idea of SDGs, discussing the challenges and key actors in their launch. Lastly, we explore the United Nations' negotiation process as well as the form of informal diplomacy Paula used to help launch the SDGs.

In recent years, the world has been beset by a series of interlinked challenges, including humanitarian crises, mounting global debt, and the impact of the nexus of climate change, conflict, and hunger. Simultaneously, the imperative of addressing the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) requires a shared sense of responsibility. In his address to the IIEA, Carsten Staur will discuss the need for balancing urgent needs against long-term development priorities, and will offer his reflections on the role of the DAC in navigating an evolving development cooperation landscape. About the Speaker: Carsten Staur is the Chair of the OECD's Development Assistance Committee (DAC). Prior to taking up this role in March 2023, he was Denmark's Ambassador to the OECD and UNESCO in Paris from 2018 to 2023. During a career of more than forty years in international diplomacy and development, Ambassador Staur has served as Permanent Representative of Denmark to the United Nations in Geneva from 2013 to 2018 and New York from 2007 to 2013, and as State Secretary for International Development Cooperation from 2001 to 2007. He has also been Director for Development Policy and Planning in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Ambassador of Denmark to Israel, Under Secretary for Administrative Affairs, and Under Secretary for Bilateral Development Cooperation. Among many other achievements, Ambassador Staur has co-facilitated negotiations on the outcome of the UN Summit on the Millennium Development Goals in 2010 as well as of the UN High-Level Meeting on the Rule of Law in 2012. He holds a degree in History and Literature from the University of Copenhagen and has written extensively about globalisation, multilateral affairs, and the United Nations, as well as about Danish foreign and development policy.

Around 30 years ago, the United Nations implemented Agenda 21, which is essentially their master plan for humanity—the agenda for the 21st century. 

Agenda 21 is the United Nation's 100-year-long master plan for humanity—an agenda for the 21st century. This 100-year agenda of theirs is broken down into shorter 15-year-long plans.

Have you ever wondered about the intersections of poverty, colonialism, and access to healthcare? Join us for a rich conversation with Dr. Eric Wetzel, a professor of biology at Wabash College and a dedicated parasitologist, as he unravels these complex issues through his lens of neglected tropical diseases. With a unique teaching approach that illuminates life and healthcare access in impoverished communities, Dr. Wetzel sparks 'light bulb' moments that challenge and reshape our understanding of global health.From the picturesque landscape of Pennsylvania to the Amazonian rainforest of Peru, Dr. Wetzel walks us through his captivating life journey. He shares his work in invertebrate zoology, his immersive student trips that expose the harsh realities of lack of healthcare access in remote communities, and the Wabash Global Health Initiative which he leads. Together we explore the fascinating world of parasites and their role in global health. Dr. Wetzel also dives into the concept of 'neglected tropical diseases', coined by Dr. Peter Hotez, and their ties to the Millennium Development Goals. The trip doesn't end there. Join us as we traverse the streets of a Lima slum community, offering a unique perspective of mutual learning with the locals. We discuss the real-life risks and challenges faced by these communities and the profound impact it has on the students' assumptions about global health. So, whether you're a global health enthusiast or simply intrigued by the world of parasites, this episode promises to leave you with insights that broaden your perspective on health and poverty. Don't miss out on this enlightening journey with Dr. Eric Wetzel!__________________Support the PodcastClick here to send in a one time or monthly donationJoin the Podcast Mailing list: https://www.globalhealthpursuit.com/mailing-list Make sure to follow Hetal on LinkedIn, Instagram and Facebook!Email her at hetal@globalhealthpursuit.com.Thank you so much. We deeply appreciate you.

What are the 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals? What are the biggest challenges in pursuing and achieving those goals? How does technology play a role? And what's the best way for government, academia, and industry to cooperate and collaborate in support of fundamental research? We will learn those answers and more in this episode with Declan Kirrane, the Chairman of the Science Summit at the United Nations General Assembly, and founder and managing director of ISC Intelligence in Science. Declan has more than 25 years of experience as a global senior advisor to governments and industry on science research, science policy and related regulation. He has been actively promoting a more significant role for science within the context of the United Nations General Assembly since 2010. This has culminated in the annual Science Summit within the context of the UN's General Assembly. The focus of the Summit is on the role and contribution of science to attain the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals – or SDGs. The current edition – UNGA78 - takes place from September 12-29, and will bring together thought leaders, scientists, technologists, policymakers, philanthropists, journalists, and community leaders to increase health science and citizen collaborations to promote the importance of supporting science. And we are thrilled that Oracle will be part of the Science Summit with a few of our executives speaking and attending, including Alison Derbenwick Miller, global head and VP of Oracle for Research.   -------------------------------------------------------- Episode Transcript: http://traffic.libsyn.com/researchinaction/Research_in_Action_S01_E19.mp3   00;00;00;00 - 00;00;22;29 What are the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals? What are the biggest challenges in pursuing and achieving those goals? And what's the best way for government, academia and industry to cooperate and collaborate in support of basic research? We'll get the answers to all this and more on Research in Action.   00;00;23;02 - 00;00;49;08 Hi, and welcome back to Research and Action, brought to you by Oracle for Research. I'm Mike Stiles and today's distinguished guest is Declan Kirrane, who is the chairman of the Science Summit at the United Nations General Assembly and the founder and managing director of ISC Intelligence and Science. And we're talking to a guy with more than 25 years of experience as a global senior advisor to governments and industry on science research, science policy and regulation around science.   00;00;49;10 - 00;01;17;07 Declan has been promoting a bigger role for science in the context of the U.N. General Assembly since 2010, and that's led to an annual science summit that focuses on the role and contribution of science to reach the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals or SDGs. The current edition UNGA 78 is happening September 12th through 29th and will bring together thought leaders, scientists, technologists, policymakers, philanthropists, journalists and community leaders.   00;01;17;09 - 00;01;37;02 We'll talk about increasing health science and citizen collaborations and why it's important to support science overall. Now, Oracle's actually going to be part of that science summit a few of the executives will be there speaking, including Alison Derbenwick Miller, who's global head and VP of Oracle for Research. Declan, thank you so much for being with us today.   00;01;37;08 - 00;01;58;13 Thanks, Michael. Great to be here. Thank you for the opportunity. Delighted to be here. What we want to hear all about the science summit at the U.N. General Assembly. But before we go there, tell me what got you not just into science, but science policies and your role in creating this summit? Well, first is, I suppose, the simple answer to that is happenstance.   00;01;58;13 - 00;02;21;10 I have to tell you, it was not planned. My primary degree is the history of art. And then I did law and probably needed a job after all of that. And then as a lot of people did in the late, late eighties, emigrated to the U.S. of A and on the basis that there was nothing going on in Ireland.   00;02;21;10 - 00;02;51;23 So opportunity beckoned and therefore from that worked on Wall Street and at a boutique mutual fund company. And then between one thing and another, I ended up in a in a boutique similar boutique company in Paris. And from that to Greece and from that, I got into more consulting side of things and from that started working for global multilateral bodies such as the World Bank and the IMF on a contract basis.   00;02;51;23 - 00;03;23;25 And then from that got more into telecoms and from that into into science coming out. And I suppose from the area of telecoms, infrastructure and data rather than, if you like, a bank scientist. And I suppose my history of art background gave me a wonderful perspective on policy, at least that's what I argue. And, and from that I got very interested and from the insights, but partly because the European Commission invited me and a couple of others to set up a dissemination service.   00;03;23;25 - 00;03;57;19 It's called Cordis. Cordis and the Cordis Information Service was designed by the European Commission to provide information on ongoing collaborative research and to provide information on publicly funded research opportunities in the course. The reason the European Union did that was to was to ensure that the information resulting from funding they're providing reached a very, very wide audience. So my job was to to do that and we built that out and that brought me into the area of science policy.   00;03;57;22 - 00;04;27;19 And I gradually began to understand the huge importance of science policy. And of course, 20 years ago science policy was not a thing, you know, it doesn't really exist in terms of policy making headlines, but it gradually came to be and as you know, it's it's part of the lexicon now. A lot of governments around the world have science policy priorities, and it's recognized as a driver for economic development and global competitiveness and driving solutions to global challenges.   00;04;27;19 - 00;04;51;05 So sciences is a thing, but 20 years ago it wasn't. So it's a relatively recent and I began quickly to appreciate the policy dimension of that, and that led me to work on policy that led me to understand policy mechanisms. And, you know, from my standpoint, I mean, there's no point in looking at some global challenges or many global challenges from a national perspective.   00;04;51;12 - 00;05;21;24 Really, it has to be global, it has to be international. That led me to engage with the United Nations. And from that, we just started to build from, as you say, from 2010, to start to build, engage with nations. And I really want to stress these were designed to be very, very simple to present not to a scientific forum, but to the U.N. for it to the mother ship, to the General Assembly, to diplomats, to policy and political leaders, and show them what science is.   00;05;21;24 - 00;05;43;04 And to give you a practical example, our first meeting was on biobanking. And you know, the main attention, wasn't it? What's biobanking? You see, that's exactly what we want. The want the question we wanted them to ask. And from Matt and that first mission, I think there's about 18 people in the room and we had about four or five diplomats last year at the Science summit.   00;05;43;06 - 00;06;07;02 We had approximately 60,000 participants. We had just under 400 sessions and we had 1600 speakers. So we've come a long way. And that really now is it's it's it's established. But we want to keep promoting. We want to keep science in the eye of the U.N. and we want to ensure that the future recognizes the contribution of science.   00;06;07;05 - 00;06;27;29 That's quite a journey. I think you did just about everything except science. Are you sure you weren't in the circus as well? Yeah, well, it's it's, you know, it's all true, you know, So, yeah, it's it's put a lot of it. Last 20 years has been on primarily on science. Yeah. Well in the intro I mentioned the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals or SDGs.   00;06;27;29 - 00;06;54;00 And our listeners are pretty savvy. They probably know about those, but I'm not savvy. So what are SDGs and how do they speak to global health and humanity in the in the in the mid nineties the the United Nations. And when I say the United Nations, I mean many of the United Nations constituent entities and agencies obviously were very concerned about what we generally call global challenges.   00;06;54;00 - 00;07;18;29 And in the area of health and other forms of well-being, the environment, climate, food security and safety and so on and so forth. And that led to a consensus that there needed to be, quote unquote, you know, how's this for a cliche? We have to do something. So that we have to do something resulted in the Millennium Development Goals, which were, as you can imagine, launched on the year 2000.   00;07;19;02 - 00;07;44;01 And they set forward these goals to to  address challenges. And that that 50 years went by pretty quickly. And that then led on to a similar mechanism where you identify a challenge, you define a response to it, and then you allocate specific targets within that and get everyone to sign up to that and off you go now.   00;07;44;03 - 00;08;12;18 So that then that broad approach was repeated for the United Nations SDGs, the Sustainable Development Goals, of which there are 17. And they cover the headlines that you'd imagine between poverty reduction, hunger reduction, improved health, a life below water, life on land, addressing obviously biodiversity, climate and many other areas. And then we're in the middle of these now.   00;08;12;21 - 00;08;45;10 But already the world is turning its attention to the post SDG agenda. And this is where this probably where we are now. The United Nations is organizing the summit of the future September 2024, and that I suppose you could characterize that meeting rather I do as a a banging of heads together because there is a sense of crisis, there is a sense the SDGs are not being achieved, that progress towards the attainment of the SDGs is insufficient.   00;08;45;12 - 00;09;07;19 It is exclusive. It excludes many constituencies, many countries, and again, I won't enumerate them here, but I just present that as as the scenario. So there's now a lot of momentum behind what we know. What do we do next? Why old humble viewers? I don't think it's going to be a if you like, a goals oriented process. I think that's too simplistic.   00;09;07;19 - 00;09;41;01 The world. I think as we found out, is much, much more complex. And I think the issue of inclusion and equity are issues that are present in a way that they were not when the Millennium Development Goals and the Sustainable Development Goals were designed 30 and 50 years ago, respectively. And I think this equity dimension is going to give a far stronger voice to less developed nations.   00;09;41;01 - 00;10;07;05 And just on the back of an envelope calculation, I think if you take the OECD countries and change, you've probably got 30 nations that we could call a developed. And then I suppose the big questions that what about everybody else? And that is becoming a very stark consideration, which was not there. And this needs to be addressed in terms of inclusion and equity to a much, much greater extent than is currently the case.   00;10;07;05 - 00;10;37;01 And arguably then will lead to a more successful approach to whatever succeeds the SDGs, the SDGs. I'm interested in the mechanics behind that because I'm just kind of reading between the lines of what you're saying and it's like for this thing to have true accountability and for these goals to have any teeth at all. There does need to be a someone accountable, be a very good grasp of who the participants are going to be and some form of deadline.   00;10;37;04 - 00;11;01;19 Absolutely correct. Mike And that that was that the plan A the problem with that in in in in a word is it doesn't really work you've so many moving parts you've so many constituencies that it's you know, having this set table of goals and table of targets and allocating milestones know simply doesn't work. Now, why doesn't it work?   00;11;01;21 - 00;11;29;07 I believe in my view it is that many less developed nations don't have the wherewithal to achieve these SDGs. One needs investment, one needs skills, one needs training, one needs cooperation, one is finance. I mean, these are all requirements to make change it, particularly in the area of or particularly in every area. But if you look at health, if you look at energy transformation, if you look at digital transformation, they don't happen without moolah, without money.   00;11;29;14 - 00;11;48;22 So the question is, well, where's I coming from? The answer, I'm afraid, is it's not. And that leaves a lot of they again, when I say lesser developed nations, I mean that is the majority that's 150 nations on the on the on the on a rough calculation. And they're not they don't feel involved. They don't feel they're taken seriously in terms of support for the investment.   00;11;48;24 - 00;12;13;12 And I think they're looking looking at the developed world and they're saying, well, okay, you benefited from carbonized development then and now we're supposed to do on carbonized development and how is that going to work for us? And there's no answer to that. So I think it's extremely complex. And as you say, trying to build consensus around this is extremely difficult because any move forward does require political consensus as very, very hard to get these days.   00;12;13;12 - 00;12;30;16 I mean, you can you can look at Ukraine, you can look at you can look at the Sahel, you can look at many parts of the world where consensus are at a political level. It's very difficult, if not impossible. And then you factor into that, well, how do you then adopt action plans? How do you adopt roadmaps? Again, extremely difficult.   00;12;30;16 - 00;12;54;14 So I in my view, the the SDGs have come a bit unstuck because of the inability of developed nations to provide the necessary wherewithal, including funding. And therefore, of course, the other side of that coin is the inability of of many, many nations to advance those objectives, to achieve the goals that have been set out to reach those targets.   00;12;54;14 - 00;13;32;09 And that simply is not happening. And on SDG eight in the High-Level Policy Forum in July of this year and the the process of reporting on SDH was abandoned for reasons which I think are quite obvious, and no one had anything to report. So I point to that specifically. And also I was with a number of African nation ambassadors for dinner in Brussels two weeks ago, and they pointed out that they've stopped wearing their SDG lapel pins, you see.   00;13;32;11 - 00;13;56;13 And there's two reasons for that. One is in protest at the slow progress towards the SDGs, and secondly, because of, as they see it, their exclusion from the decision making process associated with the SDGs, which, as you can imagine, has a, you know, an annual review mechanism and and and all that sort of stuff. They feel excluded from that.   00;13;56;13 - 00;14;27;04 And my own view is they are for the reasons I've I think I've mentioned or alluded to and this brings this this promotes exclusion and inequity. And again, to repeat this, this wasn't in fashion 50 years ago to the extent that it is today. Now, it is a very, very strong policy and political force. And the institutions, the multilateral institutions that take leadership on these issues now have to find ways to to address that and to build inclusion in a very, very significant and meaningful way.   00;14;27;04 - 00;14;50;08 It's not just the family photo opportunities. It's making sure that these communities, that the stakeholders feel they're involved and they are involved. They're seeing the benefits. And I suppose to that extent, it's it's you know, it's politics as usual. Boy, those those challenges are just huge. It's it's quite an undertaking to to pursue those. But I guess that's what also makes it exciting as well.   00;14;50;10 - 00;15;11;10 Since this show is called Research and Action, we do talk a lot about the need to knock down barriers and support research, but research has several stages from basic all the way through clinical. What is especially important about supporting basic research and getting that right? What are those benefits? I suppose so. Simply put, you know, that's where it all starts.   00;15;11;10 - 00;15;45;05 And when we talk about basic research, we talk about basic research, but I would also call it pre competitive research. So that's a start for, you know, is everybody's friends and everybody is collaborating before they before they apply for a patent or before they discover discover something they can monetize or exploit or innovation in whichever way. And I think a very important aspect of this is the fact that it's by and large government funded, and this gives it a very important dimension, not to mention is seeding the potential for innovation.   00;15;45;07 - 00;16;08;28 And I often reflect that if you if you the government plays a huge role in science and technology. And now I don't have the details in front of me, but, you know, as far as I understand it, about a Tesla Enterprise wouldn't be where it is today without a small business loan from the US government. And of course, Mr. Gates was a beneficiary of government contracts at a very early stage in the development of Microsoft.   00;16;08;28 - 00;16;30;01 So just to point there to the importance of government funding across the board with respect to the government investment in science and technology in the pre competitive space, there's a clear recognition that without a synchrotron or without the government investing in synchrotron or large scale science facilities, then I think we're not going to have stakeholders who can build those.   00;16;30;03 - 00;16;52;12 So it simply simply won't happen. Many, many outcomes I think are evident in terms of the investment and in science and technology. You know, basically we have an advance in knowledge. Basic research seeks to understand the fundamental principles underlying various phenomena. And I think the curiosity driven research around this then leads to much innovation. But of course you don't know that at the beginning.   00;16;52;12 - 00;17;10;28 So I think there has to be a very strong political commitment to Blue skies research. And again, I stress the word political committee because it is a policy decision for a government, any government to invest in pretty competitive research, in science, capacity building, which is predominantly pre competitive and on in there in basic science. So I think that's that's hugely important.   00;17;10;28 - 00;17;34;11 Just to point to the policy dimension, I think that then leads to various innovations and that that that is applying. So you see a very clear narrative between basic research, innovation and applied research. Many groundbreaking innovations and technological advancements have emerged from the discoveries made in basic research. And I think this needs to be spelt out very often when a policymaker gets up in the morning.   00;17;34;18 - 00;17;56;18 That can be a complicated narrative. You know what I want to be getting from this? Why spend vast sums of money on basic research, blah, blah, blah? But I think when you look at the evidence, I think then the case is is compelling. But of course, that needs to be understood continuously, primarily by policymakers. And it does bring long term benefits, The outcomes of basic research might not lead to immediate benefits or applications.   00;17;56;18 - 00;18;25;27 However, these insights often lay the groundwork for future breakthroughs, which could and very often do have significant societal, economic or technological impacts over time. Problem solving is another reason to fund and do basic research educational value. Basic research plays a critical role in educating the next generation or generations, indeed, of scientists, researchers and thinkers. It provides a training ground for students to learn research methodologies, critical thinking and analytical skills.   00;18;26;00 - 00;18;52;06 And these values have multiple applications, multiple applications. And then we have cross-disciplinary insights. I think this is self evident. Basic research often leads to unexpected connections between different fields of study. These interdisciplinary insights can spark collaborations and innovations that otherwise wouldn't come to the fore. Intellectual curiosity, I think, needs also to be highlighted. Then we have the benefits coming from scientific advancement.   00;18;52;10 - 00;19;26;18 So I think Mike, there are many, many, many benefits in that. And I'd just like to point to really one example of basic research. You may not be a follower of radio astronomy or you might be about South Africa won a global competition to build the square kilometer Array telescope, the SKA, and that was a global competition in 2011 against the UK, against Chile, China, Brazil and Canada.   00;19;26;18 - 00;19;50;25 I believe there may be one or two other countries there as South Africa won the right to host and to build the UK and it is now doing that. It's probably a 30 year project. But here you have an example of of an African nation competing to build a hugely complex scientific instrument in the middle of the Karoo desert.   00;19;50;25 - 00;20;30;21 Now why do that? Many reasons to do it. But one of the compelling reasons that I learned from exposure to the project is the enormous commitment that the South African government and now, of course, to have partner countries, including Australia, that huge commitment they have made to education and training the next generation through the scale. And you will see in the system you'll see that many US multinationals, the Dell Corporation, IBM, Microsoft have very strong project association and collaboration with the UK and South Africa.   00;20;30;24 - 00;21;00;04 When the Economist wrote about the UK in 2016, I believe it was, they said this is the world's largest science project. And I think, you know, just it's worth reflecting on that. And this has enormous, enormous future potential. It has existing benefits to the scientific community and of course it is a huge flagship idea that provides a lightning rod for scientific collaboration across Africa and across the world.   00;21;00;11 - 00;21;26;13 At a very practical level, it brings many scientists to visit the facility to work with African and South African collaborators. So this is an ongoing benefit. I think a wonderful example of what our research infrastructure is, what basic science is, and why it should be funded. Yeah, what you just described is an enormous success story. But, you know, candidly, my optimism is challenged because so much of this does rely on government participation.   00;21;26;19 - 00;21;54;08 Yet it feels like as long as money and politics is in the picture, those are the anchors that can weigh things down. And against that backdrop is the science summit. So how did the science summit become a reality and was there any resistance to it or did anybody think this wasn't a good idea or not worth doing? The as far as I've learned, I mean, the response has been universally very, very positive, extremely positive.   00;21;54;11 - 00;22;26;03 And that's because the science summit is designed aimed to advance a greater awareness of the contribution of science to the SDGs. Now, how do you do that? You do that by bringing folk together. And those folk are not just the scientists. I mean, we're not organizing an ecology conference, we're not organizing a radio astronomy conference, we're organizing a science engagement process with U.N. leadership.   00;22;26;06 - 00;22;54;09 And more than that, we are showing how science needs to be inclusive. So to that end, we have a very strong narrative around inclusion. We have a very strong narrative around development, finance for scientific education, for science, performance and investment in science. And through doing that, we are education policymakers. We are engaging with policy makers. And I need to stress this invariably is it is a process.   00;22;54;16 - 00;23;15;28 But at the end of the day, policymakers that I have engaged with at many levels in Africa, Europe and the United States, they want to make the world a better place. I don't think there's any any doubt about that at very often in that quest, they are very remote from the outputs of science for the evidence that is there that shows that science delivers.   00;23;15;28 - 00;23;38;28 Of course, it's in the system. But very often the political system of political decision making is very human. It's a very natural process. It's not always empirical. And I think as you know, and possibly in in the Western world, we see that policy making is becoming more political with a small P. So it's into that environment that we are going and showing how science makes a difference.   00;23;39;05 - 00;24;08;26 Practically. We're showing how science delivers on the SDGs, we're showing how science delivers on the future challenges. And with reference to a very important aspect, we're also highlighting the the importance of enabling access to data now, and this is you'll probably be familiar with the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation, and there are other regulatory regimes in in the United States and Canada, Japan and Brazil and and elsewhere.   00;24;08;28 - 00;24;33;19 And now we are looking at the evolution of regulation concerning artificial intelligence. Now, these regulatory processes as one outcome have impacts on access to data and the use of data for scientific purposes. There is no global regulator, there's no global policymaker. How do we address a global coordination on these issues? And that's something we want to raise within the context of Science Summit to ensure that science is data enabled.   00;24;33;21 - 00;25;00;25 When we talk about science capacity building, essentially we are talking about improving the flow of data, access to data, use of data from machine learning and AI and other purposes, and extending that capability globally. And when that can happen, then you will see dramatically improved outcomes in terms of health research at the environment, biodiversity, energy and many, many other areas.   00;25;00;29 - 00;25;44;06 But we're not there yet. That very much is in the future. So we're trying to align the debate around the objective of creating these new innovations with the need for aligning energy policy, energy technology and other information technology around alignment on regulations. That's huge, huge importance. So we see that. We see the opportunity after the United Nations General Assembly to talk to governments, to talk to political leaders, to talk to Balsillie was to talk to diplomats, to talk to regulators, to talk to bureaucrats and show them what this is, how this matters, and very importantly, how they can include optimized policies to support science in future policies at the bloc level, at nation level.   00;25;44;06 - 00;26;13;20 And we have many, many meetings bringing forward scientists to show what they do, what's necessary in terms of government regulation and support to enable. So we're talking about creating the enabling policy and regular Tory environment for more and better science. And funnily enough, we don't say that's more that's about more money. We don't feel that. We don't think that what there is, is more opportunity and a great need for alignment at government and policy level.   00;26;13;23 - 00;26;39;06 And if every country in the world goes it alone in terms of creating regulation and creating policies, then we're looking at extreme fragmentation. There is much, much untapped potential for governments to work together, and that's one reason we're very happy to be working with Oracle, because, you know, from there, you know, as a company and, you know, forgive me if this is too simplistic, but they, they they create these machines that can communicate data.   00;26;39;06 - 00;27;07;29 And this is a this is a vital and vital a vital need globally. And how they do that and future, I think, will point to many, many future opportunities, which is a very important consideration, because with the science summit and at the level of the U.N., there's there's a huge recognition of the need to work with industry players and the importance of working with industry to deliver innovations, because it's not going to be a university center in it.   00;27;07;29 - 00;27;33;27 With the greatest respect to Cork University in Ireland, they're not going to be making the mess that's going to come through a company. So and industry. So this collaboration opportunity between academia, between governments and industry, I think is ripe for transformation, I think has enormous potential to address global challenges. So can you give us kind of a feel for what kind of speakers and sessions can be expected at the summit?   00;27;34;04 - 00;28;02;24 Yes, Michael, we've got a very inclusive approach to the summit, so we're covering a lot of things, but I suppose I would accept that we have a bias towards health on the health research. On the 13th of September, we have an all day plenary on on One Health, which is a perspective that brings together planet people and animal health into a, if you like, a one world view.   00;28;02;27 - 00;28;26;10 We have a lot of amazing speakers from the five continents who will be coming to that meeting. And what we want to do then is this is relatively rare. It's a relatively new area. By that I mean it's a relatively new or a policymaking. So where want to advance policymaking in this area? We want to also promote interdisciplinary research and show how research matters across these three areas because they cannot be addressed in isolation.   00;28;26;12 - 00;28;56;06 And we'd argue at the moment, by and large, that they are. If you look at national funding systems and national priorities and all the rest of it, they look at animal health or they look at human health or they look at biodiversity. But looking at all three I think is vital. That's our that's our flagship session on Wednesday the 13th on the 14th, Thursday the 14th, we're going to focus on on pandemic preparedness and we're going to bring together the leadership from the National Research Foundation in South Africa, from the African Union Commission, from the European Union.   00;28;56;06 - 00;29;33;16 Delighted to have Irene North steps. The director for the People Directorate in Brussels is coming to join us. For three days. We have Professor Cortes at Lucca from the Medical University of Graz, who leads many European Union research initiatives. But he was the main instigator of the European Union's biobanking research infrastructure, of biobanking, of molecular resources. We should infrastructure, which does pretty much as it says on the can, and we're looking to create a UN version of that, if you like, And look at how this capacity for biobanking is going to contribute.   00;29;33;16 - 00;29;57;01 So and pandemic burden, it's very, very important that we also have President Biden's science adviser, Dr. Francis Collins, former director of the and I and the in the United States, Then we will also have representatives from Dr. Sao Victor. So from the U.S. Academy for Medicine, National Academy for Medicine. He'll be presenting the US approach to pandemic preparedness, which is called 100 days Mission.   00;29;57;06 - 00;30;22;17 What you Need to Do in the first hundred Days. We're very excited about that and very, very much looking forward to using that as a template for a global approach. And while there's been a lot of focus on global strategies, which we obviously very much support, we want to take that global strategy approach to the level of action in terms of what capacity is needed, where's that capacity needed, How can the capacity be delivered?   00;30;22;19 - 00;31;09;02 So very much looking forward to pandemic preparedness as a highlight of the summit. Then on Friday, Friday the 15th of September would have a one day plenary on genomics capacity building with a focus on Africa. But the approach will be global, But bring it forward. Will How does the capacity work for pandemic? Sorry for genomics and has been led by global industry in terms of Illumina and it's been led again by data experts, and that really looks at a future for genomics capacity building in Africa, without which we are going to be or Africa is going to be extremely hampered in the development of medicine and related therapies.   00;31;09;04 - 00;31;37;12 So there are three of the sessions. We also have the Obama Foundation having a meeting on the on the 17th of September. We're going to bring philanthropic organizations together, are for lunch on the 15th. We are going to have a number of sessions around the Amazon with the Brazilian Fapesp, the Rio National Research Agency, and they'll be looking at the future of Amazon from the perspective of collaborative research and development and science.   00;31;37;15 - 00;32;06;00 We will be working with a number of legal experts with the law firm Ropes and Gray, who will bring together experts to identify scenarios for an enabling regulatory environment for genomics that's going to take place on the afternoon of the 16th. We are going to have a number of focus days. The government of of government of Ethiopia will be joining us and they'll be presenting how the Ethiopian government presents or approaches the SDGs.   00;32;06;00 - 00;32;27;18 From the point of view of enabling science. We have a similar approach from the government of Ghana. We will have the nice people from Mongolia, the government of Mongolia. They will be presenting a regional approach from the roof of the world, and we would have the same from Nepal, from India, from Japan, from Brazil and many other nations.   00;32;27;23 - 00;32;58;22 And that national approach is very, very important because again, we want to highlight the need for synergies, highlight the similarity between national approaches and then how they can be brought together and benefit from one another. We will also have a presentation from the editor of Nature, Magdalena Skipper at They'll be presenting a what they call a storytelling evening, and that's that's designed to inform and show how science careers evolve.   00;32;58;28 - 00;33;27;05 So so the community can get an understanding of of how that has worked in a number of individuals so very much at look at looking forward to that. I think that personal aspect is is very, very important. And we will be having a number of sessions with with investors how they are approaching investing in science and technology, how that investment can be better aligned between governments, industry, not for profits, philanthropy.   00;33;27;05 - 00;33;50;18 And we're feeling we're seeing that a lot of these organizations have similar objectives. So there's enormous potential to see how they can be more aligned, work together for common objectives and thereby increase possible benefits and outputs. So very much look forward to dose those discussions. In terms of our principal outputs, what we want to do really is three levels.   00;33;50;18 - 00;34;12;01 First is we want to increase participation and collaboration. So we want to bring people together. And one of the main outputs of the science summit last year, researchers discovered each other. They went away and they started collaborating. That wouldn't have happened if they hadn't met at the science. So that's one level. Second level is what our agenda is.   00;34;12;04 - 00;34;44;27 So the United Nations will convene the summit of the future in 2024. So the question we're asking everybody is what should the science agenda for that meeting look like? And we want to compile it. And with the 400 odd sessions we're running, we want to work with them and see how can they contribute to that, What priorities can they put forward and how do they look in terms of a specific objective which the United Nations can support in terms of energy attainment or the post SDG agenda?   00;34;44;29 - 00;35;22;06 And the third element we want to advance is better policy making, make better policies. We will have tennis knocked and Dennis is the chair of the Inter-Parliamentary Union Science Committee. The Inter-Parliamentary Union is a global organization and represents 138 parliaments around the world. This dialog is hugely, hugely important. So we're going to be working with Denis to see how his members so those legislators in those 140 odd countries can incorporate better global ideas into policymaking at a local level.   00;35;22;06 - 00;35;52;29 And I'm talking about I'm talking about Nepal, I'm talking about Ghana, I'm talking about Kenya, I'm talking about many, many countries. And then what we what we hope that that will achieve is real sustained change. And as we move towards the end of this decade, that's going to be hugely, hugely demanding. But I think if we build this global momentum and we drive this cooperation and instill a sense of cooperation among scientists globally, and also we say that, you know, scientists in fact, are policy policymakers.   00;35;52;29 - 00;36;10;12 I don't see this divide between policymakers and scientists. I think scientists have a huge amount to contribute to policymaking. So, in fact, they're the policymakers. They know a lot about health, They know a lot about what policies are needed to deliver better health. And we want to give them a voice. Well, as I mentioned, Oracle will be speaking and participating at the summit.   00;36;10;12 - 00;36;37;01 And you touched on it a little bit. But when you think about the role for industry players, especially technology giants like Oracle and what's needed to pursue the SDGs, we've talked on the show a good bit about the concept of open science and increasing access to scientific data. It feels like big advances in global health can't happen if those developing or lower middle income countries are kept at arm's length from data.   00;36;37;04 - 00;37;00;02 Absolutely, Mike. Absolutely. Very, very well said. And as I've outlined, is that one of the main impediments potentially to this is regulation by advanced nations, which impacts on less developed nations. So I think an industry has a huge role to play in that because, you know, industry and providing the wherewithal to to advance this data exchange. So we very much look to industry leadership.   00;37;00;02 - 00;37;16;20 And I think Oracle is going to be very instrumental there in showing and leading the way in terms of how data is enabled and how data systems can allow access to data use of data, and of course the use of data for machine learning. And I think that's something we need to learn a lot about, particularly in developing nations.   00;37;16;23 - 00;37;35;25 I also think that the United Nations Global Sustainability Report, the latest version of which is available in draft, and I think the final version will be published at the end of this month. Points to a huge role for for industry. My own view is that I think industry need to be much more at the table at this U.N. table.   00;37;35;25 - 00;37;56;24 I'm delighted to see that Oracle is joining us in this quest, because I think we need to build a narrative and I think it'll be for industry are going to be a very credible partner in terms of telling governments what is necessary, what's needed in terms of creating the space for data to do what data needs. And again, in particular in the countries that are going to be challenged in their quest for access to data.   00;37;56;27 - 00;38;33;03 And that presumes that they have the capacity to have the infrastructure. Many don't, but they're going to need to have that and the industry going to be critical in delivering that. And I think that's that's terribly, terribly clear. So that role for industry in delivering, I think, spans the optimization of policy, the optimization of regulation, the deployment of technology, the maintenance and sustainability of that technology, and of course for the advancement of that technology into different areas in its application, particularly in ICT application, in the areas health and energy and the environment, biodiversity, climate and so forth.   00;38;33;06 - 00;38;55;25 And I think this is something that provides a gives me a lot of optimism in future. And I think also almost we're looking at a, if you like, a post, arguably a post regulatory model where where technology will allow us to define the the remit of Data Act access. I don't think we're there yet, but I think this is this is possibly in future.   00;38;55;27 - 00;39;16;01 And again, Oracle and the colleagues from Oracle will be engaging in a number of discussions on the regulatory side, on the technical side, on the access to data side that's going to help the communities understand not necessarily the solution, but at least define the questions. I think define the questions. Then we have a much greater opportunity in obtaining the answers.   00;39;16;03 - 00;39;39;17 Well, also in my intro, I mentioned that you are founder and managing director of ISC Intelligence and Science. Tell us about that endeavor. What does that do? Well, that that mainly is devoted towards building body types, capacity and advising governments on science. Capacity Building that many faces is based around scientific infrastructures. And of course they come in in many, many flavors.   00;39;39;22 - 00;39;59;29 But ours really is around the design of research infrastructures that that tends to be quite a long, competitive, drawn out, complicated process. Of course, for any funding, there is a there is a competitive process. This takes a a number a number of years, very often for an award, then a subsequent number of years for a design phase to be completed.   00;40;00;05 - 00;40;21;02 Before then you move into construction and operation. Our primary focus is on the design phase and we've done that in in Africa. We do it in India, in in North America, Latin America. And one of our main reasons for focusing on this area is because it means the capacity is there to to allow science to do what it does.   00;40;21;02 - 00;40;46;01 I've mentioned the case of the SKA and in Africa there are many others. But I would say hitherto there's been a lot of differentiation between science capacity. And of course this is this is quite understandable. But I think increasingly in future that capacity will be effectively one big data machine. It won't matter what flavor of science you're doing, you're going to be dipping into a common data reserves.   00;40;46;01 - 00;41;23;05 Now, there's some caveats around that, such as a a synchrotron, for example, or a light source. I think these are, as you can imagine, specific unique instruments. But we're looking forward very much to have the director of the Office of Science in the United States, Dr. Esmond Barrett, talk to us about how this can work on a global level and what are the challenges and how the US experience in building these science infrastructures and capacities can then help many, many other countries to to advance towards not net, not necessary do the same, but at least be on a path to access such capacity.   00;41;23;05 - 00;41;52;08 So ESI has been very, very involved in that and also involved in the regulatory aspects of the impact of updated regulation on science is something we're very exercised about. If we feel that the scientific community historically, by which I mean maybe over the last 15 years have been very slow to understand the implications of regulation of science, but equally the regulatory bodies at national level, equally have been very slow to understand the impacts of science because their primary concerns are not science.   00;41;52;13 - 00;42;23;27 The primary concerns are as they see them is the protection of individual data, etc., etc., etc. and that's very worthy and noble. But then once you pull the thread, you see that that has aspects and implications for scientific endeavor. So we're working in that interface, ensuring or trying to ensure or trying to increase respective awareness and visibility. And now this is has a very sharp focus in the advent of a EIA, the Artificial Intelligence Act in the European Union, which will be defining for reasons we mentioned earlier.   00;42;23;27 - 00;42;43;12 Also, we are very active in that space and we're very particularly active and, and how this seen, how this impacts on less developed nations. Well, Declan, again, we appreciate you being on the show today. If people wanted to learn more about the science Summit or ISC intelligence and science, how can they do that? Main ways. The website for the Science Summit is Science Summit.   00;42;43;15 - 00;45;13;24 It is sciencesummitunga.com the company website is ISC intelligence dot com and then you'll find the usual links to Twitter and all the rest there. Very good. We've got it. And if you listen are are interested in how Oracle can simplify and accelerate your own scientific research. Just take a look at Oracle dot com slash research and see what you think and of course join us again next time for research and action.

Our guest on this very special (100th) episode is someone I greatly admire and needs very little introduction. Helen Clark has engaged widely in policy development and advocacy across the international, economic, social and cultural spheres. She was Prime Minister of New Zealand for nine years and has also served as the administrator of the United Nations Development Programme. Since 2019, she has chaired the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) and in 2020, she was appointed co-chair of the Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response, established by the World Health Organization. In addition to serving on numerous advisory boards and commissions, Helen is a strong and highly influential voice on gender equality and women's leadership, sustainable development, climate action, peace and justice, and global health. Twitter: @HelenClarkNZ Resources:Transforming or Tinkering? Inaction lays the groundwork for the next pandemic (Report of the Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response)It is time for ambitious, transformational change to the epidemic countermeasures ecosystem (The Lancet, 2023)The Helen Clark Foundation Key highlights:Introduction - 00:45Development as it ought to be understood - 04:10The fragmented global development agenda - 08:10Role and relevance of the United Nations system - 15:37Preparing for the next pandemic - 20:28How politicians translate research into policy - 35:35The challenges faced by female leaders - 42:20 Host:Professor Dan Banik, University of Oslo, Twitter: @danbanik  @GlobalDevPodApple Google Spotify YouTubeSubscribe: https://globaldevpod.substack.com/

Chris and Mallika check in with Dr. Crystal Patil, (Ph.D. Anthropology from Ohio State University) whose research focuses on how the social world becomes embodied and expressed as health, illness, or suffering. The motivation for her research stems from a concern for social justice. Her research draws on ecological and social determinants frameworks to make sense of complex health-related problems. She applies these models as she develops and tests strategies to reduce health disparities and strengthen health systems both in the USA and in sub-Saharan Africa. Her mentoring focuses on fostering the productive careers of students and newer investigators and including them in her active research projects. ------------------------------ Find the publications discussed in today's episode here: CenteringPregnancy-Africa: A pilot of group antenatal care to address Millennium Development Goals: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2013.05.008 Implementation challenges and outcomes of a randomized controlled pilot study of a group prenatal care model in Malawi and Tanzania: https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.12324 An effectiveness-implementation hybrid type 1 trial assessing the impact of group versus individual antenatal care on maternal and infant outcomes in Malawi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-8276-x ------------------------------ Dr. Patil's email: cpatil@uic.edu Website: https://nursing.uic.edu/profiles/crystal-patil/ Twitter: @clpatil -------------------- Contact the Sausage of Science Podcast and Human Biology Association: Facebook: www.facebook.com/groups/humanbiologyassociation Website: humbio.org/, Twitter: @HumBioAssoc Chris Lynn, HBA Public Relations Committee Chair, Website: cdlynn.people.ua.edu/, Email: cdlynn@ua.edu, Twitter:@Chris_Ly Mallika Sarma, Website: mallikasarma.com/, Twitter: @skyy_mal Cristina Gildee, HBA Junior Fellow, SoS producer: E-mail: cgildee@uw.edu

In Kofi Time episode 8 part 1, podcast host Ahmad Fawzi welcomes Mark Suzman, CEO of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, to discuss how we can advance the fight against poverty. Mark discusses how Kofi Annan's concept for the Millennium Development Goals was a necessary milestone to reduce poverty and brought unprecedented progress in the area of development. Mark and Ahmad talk about Kofi Annan's approach to sustainable development - that of combining a long-term vision with short-term goals. How can we reignite Kofi Annan's global endeavour to collectively eradicate poverty once and for all? About Mark Suzman: As CEO of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Mark Suzman leads the organization in service of our mission – to help every person have the opportunity to live a healthy, productive life. Knowing that we cannot achieve that mission alone, he brings a deep commitment to building partnerships and ensuring that the culture of the foundation directly enables the impact we aspire to have. Mark serves as a member of the foundation's board of trustees in his role as CEO. Mark's upbringing in apartheid South Africa instilled in him a desire to use the advantages afforded to him to help tackle injustice and inequality. He began his career doing that through journalism, writing for the Johannesburg Star and then the Financial Times, where he covered international trade policy, welfare reform, and political issues, including the historic 1994 election of Nelson Mandela. In 2000, Mark joined the United Nations, where he was part of the effort to implement the Millennium Development Goals under the leadership of then Secretary-General Kofi Annan. He held multiple positions at the UN over his six-year tenure, including senior advisor for policy and strategic communications in the Office of the Secretary General, and policy director in the Office of the Administrator of the United Nations Development Program. Mark joined the foundation in 2007 as director of Global Development Policy, Advocacy, and Special Initiatives. Prior to becoming CEO, he served as managing director of Country Offices, president of Global Policy and Advocacy, and chief strategy officer. In these roles, he built and oversaw the development of the foundation's offices in India, China, Africa, and Europe, and managed the foundation's relationships with government, private philanthropists, and civil society. He also implemented a new system for how the foundation measures impact and manages tradeoffs across its strategic priorities. Mark holds a doctorate in international relations from Oxford University, where he was a Rhodes Scholar. He earned his bachelor's degree, summa cum laude, from Harvard University.

In this episode we talked with our good friend Robert Didham. He is Centre Director and Associate Professor at the Centre for Collaborative Learning for Sustainable Development Faculty of Education, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences. We talked to Robert about education for sustainable development and its place in Agenda 2030 as SDG 4. He explained how SDG 4 takes a comprehensive focus on education when compared to earlier approaches such as the Millennium Development Goals. We then discussed some of the different facets of education such as a more qualitative view on education that is being promoted including focus on youth, technical vocational education and training, gender, jobs and education as lifelong learning. This episode is divided into two parts to allow for more space for discussion. Part two focuses more on Robert's work on education for sustainable development, and what approaches to education are needed to help achieve important sustainable development and climate goals. But that will be in our next release. At small correction shall be noted: At 2:20 in the recording, when Robert was referring to the international framework that is the follow-up to the Global Action Programme on Education for Sustainable Development, he misnamed this framework by referring to it as the Education for 2030 framework, and it should have been correctly referred to the Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) for 2030 framework.Please visit ESD for 2030 framework and the subsequent ESD for 2030 roadmap for further information on these initiatives."About Sustainability..." is a podcast brought to you by the Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES), an environmental policy think-tank based in Hayama, Japan. IGES experts are concerned with environmental and sustainability challenges. Everything shared on the podcast will be off-the-cuff discussion, and any viewpoints expressed are those held by the speaker at the time of recording. They are not necessarily official IGES positions.

When was the last time you reflected on your life?  As Coach Jenny approaches a milestone birthday, she opens up to us for a one-on-one conversation about her journey and evolution as a woman, wife and business owner. Through inner reflection, Jenny shares the trickle down effect of learning, growth, health, hard work and authenticity. Listen in as Jenny explains how she is exactly where she never knew she needed to be, and gives us some tangible insight on how we can be too!  JOIN The YOUR BEST BODY PRIVATE COMMUNITY and for the Password say "Jenny invited me"JOIN The YOUR BEST BODY PROGRAM   If you enjoyed this episode, make sure and give us a five star rating  and leave us a review on iTunes, Podcast Addict, Podchaser and Castbox. STRONG Fitness Magazine Subscription Use discount code STRONGGIRLResourcesSTRONG Fitness MagazineSTRONG Fitness Magazine on IGTeam Strong GirlsCoach JVBFollow Jenny on social mediaInstagramFacebookYouTube  

Role of nurses in Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are designed for a healthier and more efficient future. Unemployment, injustice, poverty, climate change, ecological pollution, stability, and equality are worldwide concerns they confront. The sustainable development goals in health care are the same, like making a firm commitment to ending AIDS, TB, malaria, and other contagious diseases pandemic by 2030. The goal is to provide universal health coverage and ensure everyone can access safe and cheap medications and vaccinations (Sustainable Development Goals, 2020). The social determinants of health (also known as SDH) are factors that influence people's health (SDH). The SDH are the circumstances in which people are born, develop, earn, and survive and how these circumstances affect their health and everyday life. While nurses strive to assist patients in attaining their best health, we routinely address SDH in their practice. Nurses know the connections between broader problems and personal and community health (Hughes, 2017). The heightened issue in health care is inequality and socioeconomic status. The Millennium Development Goals contributed significantly to the improvement of billions of people individuals around the globe. Still, the difference between rich, poor, educated, uneducated, healthy, and healthy increases daily. SDG's goals are to remove all such inequalities around the globe. This inequity affects the health care system, and epidemics can spread quickly in developing areas or poor communities. Nurses enter the field to improve the health of individuals and communities. This is at the heart of what nursing is all about (Benton & Shaffer, 2016). The COVID-19 epidemic exposed flaws in public health systems, including a lack of healthcare staff and resources like personal protective equipment. In this pandemic, nurses, who make up the most significant part of the health care system, offer their services day and night. Nurses put their total effort, and their training makes them withstand all such painstaking responsibilities. There effort made to control such pandemic situations globally. Yet there is an increase in the overall number of nurses, but there is still more need for nurse staff than in the market. Nursing does not have to be the driving force behind every initiative. Still, it should be a key player in attaining some of the objectives and part of a well-coordinated and supporting alliance for others. Nursing has been more effective in tackling the SDGs, albeit with a more restricted involvement pattern. In short, notwithstanding the world health organization's position on the impact of health in all programs, nursing is primarily focused on wellbeing goals. It has yet to address a broader range of concerns (2017). Nurses provide care to patients in all contexts and stages of their lives. Their contributions are crucial to meeting global goals like universal health coverage and the Sustainable Development Goals. In this initiative, the deployment of health professionals, notable nurses, is critical. Nurses are more than ever involved in knowing a resource for these SDGs, and their role is being emphasized more now than ever. Nurses find many ways to contribute to developing their state and improving the living standards of their people (How the Nursing Profession Can Contribute to Sustainable Development Goals, 2021).

Paula Caballero, Regional Managing Director for Latin America with the Nature Conservancy, discusses her recent book, “Redefining Development: The Extraordinary Genesis of the Sustainable Development Goals.”  She provides an overview of the importance of the Millennium Development Goals (2000-2015) and the Sustainable Development Goals (2016-2030) in focusing on the economic, social and developmental aspects of eliminating poverty, empowering women and girls, combating climate change, developing sustainable cities and consumption, to mention only a few. A major impetus to launch the Sustainable Development Concept was the 1992 Rio de Janeiro United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) which unveiled Agenda 21, a blueprint for sustainable development activities by the private and public sectors.

In our first episode of Kofi Time, Ahmad Fawzi speaks with Lord Mark Malloch Brown on the topic of multilateralism. Lord Malloch Brown shares insights on how Kofi Annan strengthened the United Nations through careful diplomacy and bold reforms, and how significant advances were made during his tenure as Secretary-General. He comments on the state of multilateralism today, as the organization is buffeted by the crisis in Ukraine and the paralysis of the Security Council. About Mark Malloch-Brown: Mark Malloch-Brown was Deputy to UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan, and previously his Chief of Staff, but they worked closely together for years before then, in particular on the adoption of the Millennium Development Goals when Malloch Brown headed the UN Development programme.

Sexual and reproductive health is a human right, essential to human development and to achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. DFID is firmly committed to the Program of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development and will continue to support governments and partners to achieve reproductive health for all by 2015. Poor people, especially women and young people, face huge social and economic barriers to sexual and reproductive health. 120 million couples do not have access to the family planning services and contraception they need. Every year, 529,000 women die from complications of pregnancy and childbirth and 3 million children die in the first week of life. 38 million people are currently living with HIV and 340 million people contract sexually transmitted infections each year. Most are preventable. This paper sets out DFID's position on Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights and our view of the future. It forms the basis for planning our investment and activities and our work with partners. We have seen considerable achievements since the I994 International Conference on Population and Development set goals and targets on reproductive health and rights for all by 2015. Countries have turned ICPD commitments into policies and action, increased access to a range of family planning options, and in some countries cut maternal deaths. But faster progress is needed. We face new challenges, in particular the devastating impact of HIV and AIDS and the biggest ever population of young people entering their reproductive years. Demand for sexual and reproductive health services and commodities will continue to grow. Health systems remain weak in many countries and are deteriorating in some. There are too few health workers particularly in the poorest areas. We could make more use of opportunities to integrate HIV and sexual and reproductive health services in ways that respond better to people's needs. DFID will work with country governments and partners to: • advocate internationally and nationally for policies and resources that address people's rights to sexual and reproductive health, and continue to address controversial issues such as safe abortion and harmful and coercive practices; • improve access to comprehensive services, that are responsive to the rights and needs of poor people and other vulnerable groups; • address social cultural and economic barriers, using a rights-based approach, and tackling issues outside the health sector; and • support research, monitoring and evaluation and apply knowledge and lessons learnt in policy and planning. 1 Our aim is to achieve the following outcomes: • Improved maternal and newborn health. • Accessible, high quality family planning choices. • Elimination of unsafe abortion. • Reduced incidence of HIV and sexually transmitted infections. • Greater awareness of sexual health and reduced risky behavior. • Gender equality, rights, accountability and equity realized everywhere I am fully for https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SlutWalk. --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/antonio-myers4/message Support this podcast: https://anchor.fm/antonio-myers4/support

2022 will be the 30th edition of World Water Day. But why was it created in the first place? Well, the United Nations struggled to bring Water and Sanitation for all, so they set a reminder for everyone. World Water Day should shine a light on the progress (or not) towards the Goal that's encompassed today within the UN SDG 6. The problem is that for many, World Water Day is rather "just" a celebration. Is it wrong to celebrate Water? Of course not! But we should not forget either that 26% of humanity still does not have access to safe drinking water. And that 44% of the World's wastewater is still untreated! So how do we collectively ensure that World Water Day 2022 is the last one? ➡️ Have a look here for some hints: https://youtu.be/cfLI3rIhfRk ➡️ And don't miss the next Water Show to share some better brains' ideas on how to solve the World's water challenges: https://youtu.be/NhvCT6XppLM Wanna join the discussion? Come tell me on LinkedIn! *** ➡️  Do you like this short format, answering one key question/topic? Let me know on LinkedIn!  ➡️  Get the Full Podcast Series here: https://dww.show/ ➡️  Check all my Video Deep Dives: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCsMC1BYAun2JtMT177jTGOw

Peter Singer — one of the world's most influential philosophers —  is the Ira W. DeCamp Professor of Bioethics at Princeton University. Peter has written several influential books, including Animal Liberation, The Expanding Circle: Ethics and Sociobiology, The Most Good You Can Do, Why Vegan? Eating Ethically and The Life You Can Save: How To Do Your Part To End World Poverty. He is one of the intellectual founders of the modern animal rights and effective altruism movements and has made important contributions to the development of bioethics. Twitter: @PeterSingerHost:Professor Dan Banik, University of Oslo, Twitter: @danbanik  @GlobalDevPodApple Google Spotify YouTubehttps://in-pursuit-of-development.simplecast.com/

Brad Walsh, is a father to two beautiful girls aged 19 and 21, a husband to an amazingly inspiring woman, a  photographer, and a podcast host.Those 3 women along with his Mother and Grandmother are “WHY” Brad is serving in the way he does now. They are his inspiration. Watching women struggle with body image, Brad wanted to do something about it. It was their journeys that inspired him to be a photographer and to create his podcast.He now is on a mission he will share with us today. Brad Walsh Resources:Empowerography WebsiteVisuphoria PhotographyEmpowerography IGVisuphoria Photography IGEmpowerography on FBEmpowerography Private FB Group  If you enjoyed this episode, make sure and give us a five star rating  and leave us a review on iTunes, Podcast Addict, Podchaser and Castbox.  Sign up for the next DAC Bootcamp  Follow me on Social Media:Amy on IGAmy on Facebook  Resources:AmyLedin.comLean Bodies Consulting (LBC)LBC University  Amy Ledin Bio: The Co-Owner and Operator at Lean Bodies Consulting. Amy Ledin has been in the online wellness space for over a decade. Her coaching in this space has led to her passion in helping women build strong personal integrity. Fighting cancer for now close to 7 years, Amy loves sharing her mindset hacks and strategies that helped her through her fight to not just be a survivor, but an overcomer.

Many countries in the ECE region are embracing carbon neutrality recognized as the first milestone towards sustainable energy, with leaders like Canada, Denmark, France, and the United Kingdom, says Olga Algayerova during a C2GTalk interview. She calls for countries to recommit to the future: "We are really running out of time and urgent action is needed." She highlights that UNECE provides a platform for technology-neutral dialogue and are keen to work with C2G to help countries get better informed about new emerging technologies that could play an important role in fighting climate change in the future. Olga Algayerova is the executive secretary of the UN Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE). Algayerova took office on June 1, 2017. She previously served as permanent representative of Slovakia to the International Organizations in Vienna, Austria (since 2012). She was previously president of the Millennium Development Goals of Slovakia (2010-2012); secretary of state, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (2006-2010) and export director at Zentiva International (2004-2006). The 56 countries of the UNECE region span from North America to Europe, the Balkans, the Caucasus and Central Asia. For more, including an edited transcript, please go to C2G's website.

Aldo speaks to HRH Princess Laurentien of the Netherlands about why she feels education is in dire need of a radical rethink. A passionate plea to create genuine equality between child & teacher, stepping away from tests & exams and aiming to achieve measurable progress through the process of ‘shared learning'. Guest Introduction:  When my next guest joined the Dutch Royal family through her marriage with Prince Constantijn in 2001, it very soon became apparent to the Dutch people that this Princess was not only here for the ribbon cutting formalities but keen to make a positive difference in any way she possibly could. From nature & wildlife preservation,  circular economies to Education. This ‘Power Princess' is here to get some work done.  In 2004 she founded the Stichting Lezen & Schrijven (freely translated Foundation for Reading & Writing) to effectively attack the public secret of illiteracy ongoing in her country.  17 years later this organisation has had a tremendous impact notably having supported  tens of thousands of people from all corners of the Netherlands to make reading and writing accessible to all. Her activism to improve the state of education and the environment did not stop there. As a Special Envoy for UNESCO on Literacy and Development and as a Literacy Expert for the High Commission of the European Union to ensure changes could be realised on a top-down level.   But also through starting admirable  initiatives like Missing Chapter  to specifically help children become more  aware of societal problems at hand.  There are simply too many accolades, chairships and  patronages to mention so I won't go through all of them but very worthy of looking at  are the series of books Princess Laurentien has written to increase a child's understanding on sustainability and the environment around the character Mr. Finney, as well as her fairy tale writing skills that she deployed  with other renowned Dutch children's book writers.  Seemingly Princess Laurentien can do it all. Raising awareness, funds and connecting people  to find a solution for topics that matter. And that she wasn't anywhere near done, became clear when she founded the Number Five Foundation in 2017 together with her husband to find an answer to the big questions that require our attention today:   The team at Number 5 are here to make a strategic difference and to create a positive impact  way by connecting the right people with each other -  they have already worked on many assignments but one project that caught my attention is :  The creation of an Alliance on Digital Togetherness involving key players from both private as well as public world to better understand all the changes that come along as we develop further into this Digital Era. The Number Five Foundation keeps an open mind in which equality is its highest value and has carefully integrated the UN's Millennium Development Goals into its DNA. Lots of work to be done led by a Princess who is more than ready to rumble! You can check out the website of the Number Five Foundation here: https://www.numberfive.community

Join our email list to get special reports and updates from us https://smith.substack.com/p/doug-cas...   Connect with us on Telegram:  https://t.me/dougcasey Chapters:  00:00 How Foreign Aid and Charity is Destructive 3:29 How can Africa survive 6:26 White Mans Burden  11:05 $2.3 trillion of foreign aid  16:12 How to solve world poverty  21:31 Rudyard Kipling 27:23 More harm than good  29:43 Institutions and Heads of State as sources of decadence and destruction  35:40 8 Millennium Development Goals  42:29 Celebrities and World Economic Forum  45:58 Gates foundation

Dave has been working in the water and international development sectors for ten years, specialising in WASH (water, sanitation, and hygiene) and humanitarian and disaster response throughout Asia and the Pacific. He's been based in Lebanon and the Solomon Islands with World Vision and supported projects in Bangladesh, Laos PDR, Papua New Guinea, Vanuatu, Somalia, and Yemen. Dave has a Master's degree in Integrated Water Management and Bachelor's in Engineering and is currently working as an Environmental Engineer for the International Centre of Environmental Management focusing on climate change adaptation and disaster resilience in Asia. In this episode, Emily and Dave chat through some of the ways people make a difference in the world through safe water, about the importance and impact of the Millennium Development Goals and Sustainable Development Goals, and the history and world of WaSH. If you are passionate about people having access to safe water, join us for Safe Water September 2021 at http://safewaterseptember.org.au. If you would like to connect more with Dave, you can email him at david.james.rodgers@gmail.com. -- Join the conversation: http://embody.org.au/discord Follow us: http://facebook.com/embodyau http://instagram.com/embodyau Credits: Our theme music is 'Overboard (Instrumental)' by Josh Woodward, http://freemusicarchive.org/music/Josh_Woodward Used under Creative Commons. We respectfully acknowledge the traditional owners of the lands and waters of Australia, and pay respects to elders past and present. We recognise their continuing connections to land, waters, and culture.

In his new book, Charles Kenny explains why despite all the gloom and doom, the world is getting better for billions. Charles Kenny is a senior fellow and the director of technology and development at the Center for Global Development. His current work focuses on gender and development, the role of technology in development, governance and anticorruption and the post-2015 development agenda. He has published articles, chapters and books on issues including what we know about the causes of economic growth, the link between economic growth and broader development, the causes of improvements in global health, the link between economic growth and happiness, the end of the Malthusian trap, the role of communications technologies in development, the ‘digital divide,' corruption, and progress towards the Millennium Development Goals. He is the author of the book "Getting Better: Why Global Development is Succeeding, and How We Can Improve the World Even More" and “The Upside of Down: Why the Rise of the Rest is Great for the West.” He has been a contributing editor at Foreign Policy magazine and a regular contributor to Business Week magazine. Kenny was previously at the World Bank, where his assignments included working with the VP for the Middle East and North Africa Region, coordinating work on governance and anticorruption in infrastructure and natural resources, and managing a number of investment and technical assistance projects covering telecommunications and the Internet. Learn more: https://www.cgdev.org/expert/charles-kenny Marian L. Tupy is the editor of HumanProgress.org, a senior fellow at the Center for Global Liberty and Prosperity, and coauthor of The Simon Project. He specializes in globalization and global well‐being and politics and economics of Europe and Southern Africa. Learn more: https://www.cato.org/people/marian-l-tupy Book: https://www.amazon.com/Your-World-Better-Global-Progress/dp/B08Z9VZZF2/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&keywords=Your-World-Better-Global-Progress&qid=1620155539&sr=8-1

Hola, gente! Regresa este podcast encuarentenado que nadie pidió. Si quieren apoyar pueden compartirlo en sus redes, ponerme en sus oraciones o girarme un nequi. Pueden seguirnos en: Twitter: https://twitter.com/AnomiaNormal Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/anomianormal Y escucharnos en: Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5l0GFe3aQr5swZGu4X2a6N?si=LI7GJhZ_QdiC7Fex7GUUKw Anchor: https://anchor.fm/cristian-sandoval61 Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy8yY2Y5ZGM3MC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw== Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/anomia-normal/id1525142119?uo=4 Fuentes de información: https://ourworldindata.org/income-inequality#how-are-the-incomes-of-the-rich-changing-relative-to-the-incomes-of-the-poor https://ourworldindata.org/global-economic-inequality https://datos.bancomundial.org/tema/pobreza?end=2018&start=1960 https://www.bancomundial.org/es/topic/poverty/overview Varoufakis, Yanis. Talking to my daughter about economy. World economic forum. The global social mobility report 2020. Equality, opportunity and a new economic imperative. Pineda, Carlos. El despliegue del capital en la naturaleza. Capìtulo de "América Latina: expansión capitalista, conflictos sociales y ecológicos". DeSoto, Pablo. Antropoceno, Capitaloceno, Chthuluceno, viviendo con el problema en Fukushima. USAID. Getting to Zero A discussion paper on ending extreme poverty. Hickel, Jason. The true extent of global poverty and hunger: Questioning the good news narrative of the Millennium Development Goals. Pablo A. Mitnik, Erin Cumberworth, and David B. Grusky. Social Mobility in a HighInequality Regime. https://publications.iadb.org/publications/spanish/document/La-Realidad-Social-Una-introducci%C3%B3n-a-los-Problemas-y-Pol%C3%ADticas-del-Desarrollo-Social-en-Am%C3%A9rica-Latina-Modulo-I-Pobreza-Desigualdad-y-Movilidad-Social.pdf UNDESA world social report. Chapter 1: Inequality: Where We Stand Today. https://www.un.org/development/desa/dspd/wp-content/uploads/sites/22/2020/02/World-Social-Report-2020-Chapter-1.pdf Música: "Summer Chill 2" by Mona Wonderlick — bit.ly/youtube-monawonderlick Creative Commons — Attribution 3.0 Unported — CC BY 3.0 Free download: bit.ly/summer-chill-2-download --- Send in a voice message: https://anchor.fm/cristian-sandoval61/message

In this episode, you'll hear about:• What the SDGs are and how they are to be achieved.  • How did those 17 goals emerge out of the 8 MDGs?  • Pitfalls of not including developing nations when you expect those governments to affect change.  • What the MDGs achieved for a billion people.  • Esther Pan Sloane describes what it was like in the room as the SDGs were negotiated.  • Sustainable investment manager Jay Lipman explains how advisers can use the SDGs to connect with clients.  • The investor role in attaining the SDGs.  Related Story: What sparked today's love of ESG?  Guest BiosEsther Pan Sloane has been head of partnerships, policy and communication for the United Nations Capital Development Fund since 2015. In this role she engages with the private sector to attract funding for projects that work toward achieving the UN's 17 Sustainable Development Goals. A U.S. national and former diplomat, Sloane was part of the U.S. team that negotiated the 2030 Agenda and the SDGs.  Jay Lipman is CEO of Ethic, a tech-driven asset management firm he created in 2015 to simplify and popularize the creation of sustainable investment portfolios. Ethic builds separately managed accounts that are optimized to track the market, align with a client's investment allocation and outperform chosen sustainability criteria. Lipman's firm also guides clients in developing a personal mission statement.  

In this episode we talk to Timothy A Wise, author of Eating Tomorrow: Agriculture, Family Farmers, and the Battle for the Future of Food. Recently, I interviewed a guest on this show representing the African Green Revolution Forum—an entity that promotes large-scale agriculture involving multinational companies as the key to Africa’s economic development. In response to that interview, listeners to this podcast asked if we could present an alternative view that might help us understand the risks and challenges of the AGRF approach. In the interest of fairness—and of seeing issues from all perspectives--I’ve invited Timothy Wise to that end. He argues that the key to a more sustainable, earth-friendly mode of development is not industrial agriculture—which, he explains, does much to harm the environment and disrupts local cultures. Rather, in his view we need to be supporting the work of small farmers, whose local knowledge and relationship to the land actually helps them to farm in ways that promote environmental health and produce food that is better for us. Keywords: industrial agriculture, Gates Foundation, African Green Revolution Forum, African Green Revolution Alliance, sustainable farming, small farm, Millennium Development Goals, seed patent, indigenous agriculture, local knowledge, community development, restorative agriculture, farmer cooperatives, climate changeWant to leave a question or comment for the podcast? Use the voice message link at:https://www.circlewood.online/earthkeepersNotes:Tim’s web page (with a catalog of all his writings and a lot from the book):https://www.timothyawise.com/His book: Eating Tomorrow: Agriculture, Family Farmers, and the Battle for the Future of Food: https://www.timothyawise.com/bookBook excerpts: https://www.timothyawise.com/book#ExcerptsVideo: set of clips from a great book launch in NY with Mark Bittman and Vandana ShivaBook presentation, Seattle Town Hall, October 2019, with AFSA’s Million BelayAGRA: https://agra.orgEarthkeepers interview with AGRF’s Debisi Araba: https://www.circlewood.online/podcastepisodes/episode/4798e197/a-beacon-of-hope-for-the-world-debisi-araba-and-the-african-green-revolution-forum

--{ "Elect's Power Electronic: Welcome to the Acclaimed Internet of Things, From our Masters, Total Surveillance, Typical, Unwrap the Package and See what it Brings, Pandora's Wonders Mesmerizing, Semi-Mystical, Changing Humans to Cyborg, so Incrementally, Our Defenses are Down to This Stealth Attack, So You Accept The Change Non-Judgmentally, Then Adapt, Until There is No Going Back. Humans-as-Products, Chipped, Quality Controlled, Cradle-to-Grave Monitoring, Updated, Adjusted, Flat Emotional Responses, Bought and Sold, When There's No Own-Thought You May be Trusted. Behavior Directed by a Computer Sardonic Which Serves The Rulers Who Are All Unelected, Home is a Cage, Elect's Power Electronic, Where Years Will Pass, Time Undetected."© Alan Watt }-- War Powers Acts; Curfews, Lockdowns, No Crowd Gathering, Censorship of Speech - Event 201, Lockstep - WEF, UN, A Form of World Government - Most Wars are Economic Wars - Halliburton - Education, Indoctrination, Kept Naive All Your Lives - Robert the Bruce - Highland Clearances - Persuasive Techniques - Creation of Terminology - The Pyramid - Freemasonry - Peter Wright, Spycatcher - British Commonwealth System - Defamation, Pavlovian-style Smear Words - George Orwell, Propaganda - Documentary about WWI, Forgotten Men - Statistics - RIIA - Land for Debt Swaps - World Revolution; Encyclopedists - Robert Burns - Wartime Scenarios, Adapting to Change - 21st Century, The Century of Change and Transition; 9/11, Anti-Terrorism, Loss of Freedom and Privacy, Total Surveillance; The Great Reset - Hope, Positive Thinking - Fiction - Communism, Destruction of Beauty for the West - Marshall McLuhan - A Price to Pay for Wisdom - Uniformity, Conformity - Big Experiments; U.S., Free Will with Little Government; Soviet System of Collectivism - In the U.K., Children to Spy on Parents - Covid Quarantine - Solzhenitsyn - Please Donate, www.cuttingthroughthematrix.com - Lawrence of Arabia; Soft Power - CIA; Bloggers, 77th Brigade; Patriot Radio, Control of Internet - Rockefeller, Newspapers, Standardization of Opinion - Counterintelligence - Echo Chambers - U.S. Capitol, January 6, 2021, a Made-for-Television Event - Orwell's 1984 -Klaus Schwab - mRNA Experimental Vaccine - Demonize People Who are Using Caution - Eugenics, Scientism - Gaslighting, "Mostly Peaceful Protests" in Front of Burned Out Destruction; U.S. Capitol, Movie, Wag the Dog, Perception Management - Masculinity, Military, Confidence, Tribe - Glenn Greenwald article, The U.S. Domestic War on Terror - The Rutherford Institute, UN's Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC); MDGs, Millennium Development Goals, SDGs, Sustainable Development Goals (Agenda 21) - ID2020 - John Whitehead, Enemies of the Deep State: The Government's War on Domestic Terrorism is a Trap; Censorship, Pre-Crime, Predictive Policing - Surveillance on Citizens, Information Gathering - Charles Galton Darwin's book, The Next Million Years - New York Times article, How the Coronavirus Turns the Body Against Itself - Movie, Joe Versus the Volcano - Movie, The Good Shepherd - PNAC Pearl Harbor Event; A Covid Event - Covid Door-to-Door Testing in Bristol, England - New Intelligence Law Allows Children to Work as Secret Agents for Local Councils, Anti-Fraud Bodies and Even Shop Their Own Parents - Build Back Better, Reimagining Society. *Title and Dialogue Copyrighted Alan Watt - Feb. 7, 2021 (Exempting Music and Literary Quotes)

ในปัจจุบัน เราปฏิเสธไม่ได้เลยว่า โลกกำลังเผชิญกับปัญหาที่ท้าทายหลายประการ ไม่ว่าจะเป็นการเปลี่ยนแปลงสภาพภูมิอากาศ ปัญหาทรัพยากรธรรมชาติและสิ่งแวดล้อม ปัญหาความยากจนและความหิวโหย หรือจะเป็นปัญหาความเหลื่อมล้ำที่เป็นปัญหาใหญ่ที่หลายประเทศกำลังเผชิญ ทำให้มีความพยายามจากหลายภาคส่วนที่จะหามาตรการหรือตั้งเป้าหมายบางอย่างร่วมกัน เพื่อบรรเทาเบาบางปัญหาดังกล่าว หนึ่งในหน่วยงานที่มีบทบาทในเรื่องนี้มาโดยตลอดคือ องค์การสหประชาชาติ (UN) ถ้าเรามองย้อนกลับไปในปี 2015 เรามีเป้าหมายการพัฒนาแห่งสหัสวรรษ (Millennium Development Goals; MDGs) ซึ่งเป็นความร่วมมือจากทั่วโลกในการต่อสู้กับปัญหาท้าทายที่โลกกำลังเผชิญ เป้าหมาย MDGs ได้กำหนดกรอบเวลาไว้ 15 ปี คือตั้งแต่ปี 2000-2015 เท่ากับว่าตอนนี้ โลกได้บรรลุเป้าหมาย MDGs แล้ว ต่อมาในปี 2015 UN ได้เสนอวาระการพัฒนา 2030 ในที่ประชุมสมัชชาใหญ่แห่งสหประชาชาติ หรือ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ทั้งหมด 17 เป้าหมาย และมุ่งบรรลุให้ได้ภายในปี 2030 เป้าหมายดังกล่าวได้รับการตอบรับอย่างดีจากประเทศสมาชิก และมีทั้งหมด 193 ประเทศร่วมลงนามรับรอง รวมถึงไทยด้วย 101 สนทนากับ ผู้ช่วยศาสตราจารย์ ชล บุนนาค ผู้อำนวยการโครงการ SDG Move และอาจารย์ประจำคณะเศรษฐศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์ ไล่เรียงตั้งแต่การทำความรู้จัก SDGs สถานการณ์โควิด-19 กับการขับเคลื่อน SDGs รวมไปถึงการวิเคราะห์ทิศทางสหรัฐฯ ในยุค โจ ไบเดน และย้อนมองการขับเคลื่อน SDGs ในประเทศไทย ดำเนินรายการโดย กานต์ธีรา ภูริวิกรัย กองบรรณาธิการ The 101.world (บันทึกเทปเมื่อวันที่ 22 ธันวาคม 2020)

In June 2006, Dr. Ezekwesili became Minister of Education, Nigeria and led a comprehensive reform program within the education sector including restructuring and refocusing the ministry for the attainment of Education for All (EFA) targets and Millennium Development Goals and reduced the number of out-of-school-children in Nigeria in 2007. Obiageli “Oby” Katryn Ezekwesili who was a candidate for the office of the President of Nigeria in the 2019 election, is an economic policy expert / Senior Economic Advisor, Africa Economic Development Policy Initiative (AEDPI) and Co-Founder of #BringBackOurGirls Movement, Nigeria as well as the #RedCardMovement. A Chartered Accountant/Consultant, She holds an MA in International Law and Diplomacy, an MA in Public Policy and Administration from the Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University. She’s an honorary Doctor of Science degree, University of Lagos and in 2016 the University of Essex Business School awarded her an honorary Doctorate Degree in Business in recognition of her role in promoting economic and social justice in African countries. Dr. Ezekwesili was recognized as one of Time-100 Most Influential People and by New York Times as one of the 25 Women of Impact, 2015. Albert Einstein's Foundations named her one of 100 visionaries featured in the 3D book "Genius:100 Visions of the Future”.

Ruha Fifita was born and raised in the Island Kingdom of Tonga and continues to engage with the Pacific region as an interdisciplinary artist, Co-founder of the Pacific art research collective - IVI Designs, and through her work as the Curatorial Assistant for Pacific Art at the Queensland state Gallery |Gallery of Modern Art. In 2006, whilst still living in Tonga, Ruha co-founded ON THE SPOT Inc. (OTS) - a community-based arts organisation – with the initial focus of engaging youth in creative projects aimed at contributing to the achievement of the 2015 Millennium Development Goals at the local level. As an artist, she works closely with her siblings and extended family, developing a  practice which focuses on collaboration, community engagement and connection with indigenous methods and materials. Her creative work has afforded her many opportunities to work, engage in discourses and exhibit throughout the Pacific region in settings such as the Auckland Art Festival, Pataka Art Gallery, The National Gallery of Victoria, and the Tjibaou Cultural Centre. The various endeavours she continues to engage in are linked as she consciously pursues opportunities to learn about some key questions, perhaps most simply summarised as; what is the role of religion, the role of young people and the role of the arts and artists in contributing to the spiritual and material advancement of civilisation? See omnystudio.com/policies/listener for privacy information.

In the first episode in our ‘Making the invisible, visible’ bonus mini-series, Professor Sharon Bessell joins us to discuss the limitations of the international poverty line and what new research has revealed about the gendered, multidimensional nature of poverty.It has been 20 years since the Millennium Development Goals were first conceptualised, and in that time a significant number of people have been lifted out of poverty. But with poverty defined narrowly, using household income alone, does that provide a true picture of global poverty at the individual level? For over a decade, researchers from Crawford School of Public Policy have been working on an ambitious project to redefine how poverty is measured, taking an innovative, rights-based and people-centred approach. This research, now ongoing through the Individual Measure of Multidimensional Poverty project, didn’t just assess how many people are poor, but rather how they experience poverty. Regular Policy Forum Pod episodes will still be released every Friday as usual, but over the next six weeks our bonus ‘Making the Invisible, Visible’ mini-series will shed light on the issue of poverty by breaking down the figures provided by this new Measure, getting behind the data, and seeing how it can help policymakers better direct resources. In this first episode, host Aarti Betigeri is joined by Professor Sharon Bessell to chat about why the way poverty is measured matters, plus some of the project’s key findings.Professor Sharon Bessell is Professor of Public Policy and Director of Gender Equity and Diversity at Crawford School of Public Policy at The Australian National University (ANU).Aarti Betigeri is a multi-platform journalist and former foreign correspondent. She is a correspondent for Monocle and contributes to various other local and international media outlets.Policy Forum Pod is available on Acast, Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Stitcher, Subscribe on Android or wherever you get your podcasts. We’d love to hear your feedback for this podcast series! Send in your questions, comments, or suggestions for future episodes to podcast@policyforum.net. You can also Tweet us @APPSPolicyForum or join us on the Facebook group. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.

What does innovation in the water sector mean? How do you "actually" innovate? In this SDG Talks podcast, we are honored to have Barry Liner discuss the different obstacles and opportunities around innovation in the water sector. We will cover some of his biggest successes, failures, and messages to fellow Water-Prenuers out there! Barry Liner is the Chief Technical Officer of the Water Environment Federation. Barry's passion for sustainable development was truly ignited when he spent 2003 working at the World Bank working on the Millennium Development Goals. Barry has spent nearly 30 years as a water professional including as a professor, an engineer, and a management consultant. At the Water Environment Federation (WEF) he works with members and partners to drive innovation in the water sector. But most importantly, Barry is an innovator that breaks down barriers in the water sector. https://www.linkedin.com/in/barryliner/ https://www.wef.org/

REAL issues discussed by driven Millennials; lurking for problems, amped with solutions. Welcome to the RealiTEA Podcast series where Public Relations students from the Faculty of Communication & Media Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA (FKPM, UiTM) broadcasts their opinions through roundtable discussions with field experts or self reflections with our friends! This podcast is a scholarly production to platform our thoughts and opinions under the 8 Millennium Development Goals anchored by the United Nations. We hope you enjoy it as much as we enjoyed creating this :) Don't forget to subscribe and rate us!

While the 8 Millennium Development Goals have been introduced and awareness have been raised, what follows should be a deep understanding on how such policies can correct several previous wrongs with the benefit of the greater good as the end game. Has it ever occurred to the public that quite a handful of students have little to no access to nourishment? Food scarcity among university students has become a hidden issue on campuses for a long time. Recent studies from Temple University (2017), found that almost 50 percent of students at various universities could not afford to eat a balanced meal. Plus the presence of the food bank is not noticed by the students. In this episode, classmates and pro-equality; Aliah, Wafa and Hidayah shared some experiences and suggestions on how to curb this problem with special guest, Visual-Documentarian, Farhan Akmal, who captured most of the poverty and hunger problem in Malaysia via his photographic lenses.

Listen NowIn late June, Professor Philip Alston, the UN's Special Rapporteur on Extreme Poverty and Human Rights, published "Climate Change and Poverty."  The 20-page report is unsparing in its criticism of the response, or lack thereof, by corporations, governments, NGOs and the human rights community to the climate crisis, moreover their response concerning the effect the crisis will have on the poor - whom will disproportionately bear the burden of climate emergency.   "Government, and too many in the human rights community," he wrote, "have failed to seriously address climate change for decades."  "Most human rights bodies have barely begun," he stated, "to grapple with what climate change portends for human rights."  "There is no recognition of the need for seep social and economic transformation."  As a result, "Climate change threatens to undo the last 50 years of progress in development, global health and poverty reduction."  Professor Alston concludes his report by writing, "The human rights community, with a few notable exceptions, has been every bit as complacent as most governments in the face of the ultimate challenge to mankind represented by climate change. The steps taken by most United Nations human rights bodies have been patently inadequate and premised on forms of incremental managerialism and proceduralism which are entirely disproportionate to the urgency and magnitude of the threat.  Ticking boxes will not save humanity or the planet from impending disaster."  (This discussion is my 10th concerning the climate crisis over the past 2 plus years.)  During this 27 minute conversation Professor Alston describes the role of the Special Rapporteur on Extreme Poverty and Human Rights, discusses the genesis of his report and provides an overview of its findings.  He comments what he terms the "patently inadequate" response to date by the human rights community including the UN's Human Rights Council, in response to the climate crisis.  He also discusses how the growing climate crisis refugee crisis is being addressed, as an international criminal law professor his view regarding prosecuting corporations and their CEOs for having devastated the environment, the Juliana and related court cases seeking climate justice, and the upcoming UM climate summit this September 23rd.   Philip Alston has served as the United Nations' Special Rapporteur on Extreme Poverty and Human Rights since 2014.  In forwarding his work he has reported on Chile, China, Mauritania, Romania, Saudi Arabia and the US.  He was previously UN Special Rapporteur on extrajudicial, summary, or arbitrary executions from 2004 to 2010.  He was a member of the Group of Experts on Darfur appointed in 2007 and served as special adviser to the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights on the Millennium Development Goals.  He has also served as UNICEF's legal adviser.  In the field of international law, Professor Alston was editor-in-chief of the European Journal of International Law from 1996 through 2007.  He was a co-founder of both the European Society of International Law and the Australian and New Zealand Society of International Law.  As a UN, he worked in Geneva on human rights issues from 1978 to 1984.  He has worked as a consultant to the ILO, the UNDP Human Development Report, the Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, UNESCO, OECD, UNICEF, and many other inter-governmental and non-governmental organizations.  Professor Alston is also presently the John Norton Pomeroy Professor of Law at New York University's Law School where his teaching focus is on international law, human rights law, and international criminal law.  He also co-chairs the NYU Center for Human Rights and Global Justice.  During the 1980s Professor Alston taught at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy and at Harvard Law School.  Afterward, he became Professor of Law and Foundation Director of the Center for International and Public Law at the Australian National University, a post he held until 1995.  From 1996 to 2001 he was Professor of International Law at the European University Institute (EUI) in Florence, Italy, where he was also head of department and co-director of the Academy of European Law.  Professor Alston received degrees in law and in economics in Australia and a JSD from Berkeley.  Professor Alston's report is at: https://chrgj.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/UNSR-Poverty-Climate-Change-A_HRC_41_39.pdf.In May 2018 Professor Alston published a related report on extreme poverty in the US, it is at: “Report of the Special Rapporteur On Extreme Poverty and Human Rights on His Mission to the United States."  My summary of this report is at: https://thehealthcareblog.com/blog/2018/08/22/the-uns-extreme-poverty-report-further-evidence-us-healthcare-is-divorced-from-reality/. This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit www.thehealthcarepolicypodcast.com

On this episode of The Global Cable, Perry World House Inaugural Director William Burke-White is joined by Perry World House Distinguished Scholar, Former Assistant Secretary-General and special adviser to United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan & Columbia University Law Professor Michael Doyle to discuss the Model International Mobility Convention, which aims to create a model set of rules and standards for mobility, considered as a whole.  Michael Doyle specializes in international relations theory, international security, and international organizations. Doyle previously served as assistant secretary-general and special adviser to United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan from 2001 to 2003. His responsibilities included strategic planning (Millennium Development Goals), outreach to the international corporate sector (the Global Compact), and relations with Washington. Doyle has been a member of the Council on Foreign Relations since 1992 and is the former chair of the Academic Council of the United Nations System. He has also been a senior fellow and a member of the Board of Directors of the International Peace Institute since 1996. In 2001, he was elected a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences; in 2009, to the American Philosophical Society; and in 2012, to the American Academy of Political and Social Science. He served as chair of the board of the UN Democracy Fund (UNDEF) from 2006–2013. In 2015, Doyle helped develop the Model International Mobility Convention which represents a shared framework among over 40 academics. It serves the ambitious goal of creating a holistic, rights-respecting governance regime for all aspects of international migration, filling in the gaps in the existing international legal regime and expanding protections where needed. Doyle holds a BA from Harvard College (1970), and an MA (1972) and Ph.D. (1977) from Harvard University. 00:10 - Introduction with Inaugural Director Prof. Willian Burke-White and Global Shifts Program Manager Jocelyn Perry 03:20 - The Model International Mobility Convention  05:15 - Framing Mobility as a Broader Concept 08:02 - Human Movement - Human Right or Economic Benefit? 13:05 - The Role of the Changing Political Landscape  16:50 - Previous Conventions & Reasons for Optimism 19:20 - Doyle's Role as Assistant Secretary-General and special adviser to United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan 23:40 - The Biggest Challenges faced by the World 27:20 - Career Advice  28:30 - Outro Music & Produced by Tre Hester

You have likely heard the saying “You are what you eat.” But what if I told you that how well your parents were eating in the days and months before you were conceived may actually help to determine how your body works—at the cellular level—for your entire life? As it turns out, you were optimized to survive in your parents' nutritional environment. The Leading Voices in Food interviews international nutritionist Andrew Prentice. About Andrew Prentice Dr Andrew Prentice, professor of international nutrition that the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. He is founder and head of the United Kingdom's medical research councils, International Nutrition Group in Gambia, Africa. Andrew directs research focused largely on maternal and child health in developing countries with emphasis on early human growth and development, iron infection than anemia, nutritional genetics and epigenetics and calcium and vitamin D and bone health. Andrew is a distinguished scholar on the effects of diet on human health and disease and as a world leader in global health research, he has made major contributions in many areas, two of which are the regulation of Human Energy Balance and obesity and the effects of malnutrition on maternal and child health and poor populations. Interview Summary You live and work in a very remote setting in the middle of the African Bush. Could you explain why? I do live a very strange life, but at the same time it's a very wonderful one. I live within a community that we have been studying--and when I say studying, that sounds as if it's us studying them. Really, they've really been participating in the work we do for over seven decades. Can you believe it? And they have a very good understanding that they're contributing to global health. So I love this population very much. I've been working with them for 40 years and not only that, it gives us some really great opportunities to do some unusual science and I've come to the conclusion that the best way I can do that is actually to live here within that community. So what are some of the main nutritional challenges for people living in that part of the world? Well, let's start off with the sort of global picture and what the World Health Organization and others would genuinely generally articulate in terms of stunting. So eradicating stunting has been part of the goal, reducing it by half has been part of the Millennium Development Goals, going onto the Sustainable Development Goals. And yet there are still at least $160 million stunted children around the world. And it's the World Health Organization target to reduce that by half by 2025, which is very ambitious. Now, why does it matter? I don't care if someone is shorter or taller than another person. But the problem is that stunting is a reflection of the fact that a child has been undernourished for many months, probably years. And so if you look at the patterns across the poor countries of this world, you see that their growth falls away from what would be the normal standard reference curves very rapidly in the first two years of life. And that then has an effect on brain development and cognitive development, and what we call human capital. So that's why we care about it. Are there also affects on resistance to disease? Indeed, so stunted child will be much more likely to die and just in his normal life, but also if admitted to hospital will have a much higher case fatality rate. So we do know that this marker of former under-nutrition is a really strong prognostic indicator of how well or badly a child will do. You're helping paint a picture of the human toll of this because otherwise we just get lost in the numbers, you know, so many millions of people are under nourished and the children affected by stunting. But you've really made it pretty clear that there are very dramatic effects on the lives of children. There are indeed and that's what drives me. I mean on the one hand I'm fascinated, but on the other hand determined to try and do something about it. So that then really brings us on to the next challenge, which is how well have you guys in the nutrition field being doing? And unfortunately the answer to that is very badly. So if we try to intervene with all the sensible things, you know--feeding children better, educating mothers how to look after them better, and we do that even under the rigorously controlled conditions of a randomized trial...we find that we can only get back about one eighth of the deficit in terms of stunting. So that is extremely discouraging and then on top of that, recently people have said, well the nutrition doesn't do so well because of the unhygienic conditions that people are living in. So there have just recently been published, huge trials that have what's called wash water, sanitation and hygiene, and they've really tried to improve the sanitation and hygiene. But unfortunately they have had an absolutely no result. Zero effect on growth. So we're really scratching our heads as to why we can't fix this move the needle. And that's one of the things that drives me to do really quite basic fundamental research. I believe that we just don't understand things well enough and when we do understand them better, we'll be able to fix them better. Can you give an example or two of the kind of basic research you're talking about? I'd love to. I'll give you a couple of stories. The first one is about iron and anemia. So the children here, by the time they're a year old, are profoundly iron deficient and anemic way below even the fifth percentile of the African American data. So they're very anemic. And the question has been why and what can we do about it? So iron is incredibly cheap. It's easy to give it out to children and yet still, when we do that, again under the rigorous conditions of trials, we don't improve very much. We got a bit of an improvement, but we don't certainly don't get rid of the anemia. And so the recent insight we've had on that has been elucidated by the discovery of this new hormone Hepcidin. So Hepcidin is the master regulator of iron metabolism. And I like to use the analogy that Hepcidin is to iron what insulin is to glucose. It really is that important and it's an exquisite molecule it's produced by the liver. But evolution has taught it to do two things. First of all, it's senses iron status. And secondly, it senses threat of infection. Now what's important about these two things is that iron and infection have been intimately linked over evolutionary time. So iron feeds bugs, feeds infections at least as much if not more than it feeds the human host. So that's why the molecule has learned to detect these two things. Now, what we've discovered very recently is that actually children are up-regulating their Hepcidin in response to low grade inflammation and the threat of infection, and that when Hepcidin is upregulated, it's positively blocking the absorption of iron in the duodenum. So, that's really a really important discovery. And incidentally, what seems to be driving up the Hepcidin is respiratory infections. So for the first time, we're able to link the probability...this needs further work, but the probability that actually it's actually respiratory infections that are driving up Hepcidin, which is blocking iron absorption which is this causing a secondary anemia. And, if that's all true, that points to a direct novel directions for therapeutic interventions. And so it's completely turned our old nutritional feeding on its head. Doctors in the past would assume that children are very poorly evolved to absorb iron: so these poor little things, we've got to throw lots of iron at them to overcome this. And in fact what we have now discovered is that in fact they're spending a lot of physiological time positively blocking iron absorption. You're painting a picture that the body is sequestering iron so that it doesn't feed infections that could then prosper even more in the body. Is Malaria a player in this picture? Yes, malaria is a big part of this. What is now clear that being on deficient and anemic is very protective against malaria in young kids. So we're sort of faced with this dilemma. What do we do about this? On the one hand, you could say, well, it's best to leave the children anemic because they're protected from malaria. I would not subscribe to that view at all. I would say, no, we've got to get rid of the malaria. We've got to get rid of the infections and we've got to give these children iron in order to improve their cognitive development and brain function. So let's look at a bigger picture of the world's nutrition landscape and I know that it's changed a lot during the time you've been working on global health. What are some of the key trends that you've seen in the nutrition landscape across the world? So I've described to you already the struggle we have with getting rid of stunting. Now the unpleasant paradox here is that actually as countries pass through the demographic economic transition and become richer then stunting disappears really quite quickly and anemia disappears quickly. So if we look at DHS surveys over various generations, South America, for instance, is a good example, where they used to be a ton of stunting and now it's really disappearing. Okay. That's the good news. The bad news is of course it's inevitably replaced by obesity and overweight and the consequent problems associated with that. Are you seeing that even in places like Gambia? We see it among the adults and particularly adult women. It's a really strange phenomenon here. There's very little obesity and overweight in men, increasing, but there's not that much. Whereas in women we have very high rates and so that tells us something interesting--if men have almost none, and women have a lot, it's not genetic. It's very much behavioral and you know, women are the ones who produce all the food and they also like to be fat and men like women fat. So there's quite a lot of social stuff going on here as well. Are there any indications that obesity rates are increasing and children? Not yet in the Gambia but elsewhere in Africa? Yes, definitely. And you do see some of the very well off Gambian kids who are definitely overweight. So, I mean in this is interesting. I know you because you're very familiar with this field, but you will know probably better than I, that you get this switchover, that obesity starts off being a disease of the rich in poor countries, but then as countries develop it switches over and it becomes a disease of the poor. And we will see that transition I'm quite sure in Africa, and I think we are seeing it already as things develop. Some of your work has to do with the topic of epigenetics and not everyone listening will be fully familiar with this term. Could you explain what epigenetics is and the nature of your work on that topic? Yes, certainly. So I think everybody will be familiar with genetics. So the genes we inherit from our parents, and everybody will know that there are, give or take and very, very rare mutations within our lifetimes. That they're the same. And every cell of the body contains exactly the same DNA apart from the germ cells, the egg and the sperm, but every other cell contains. It's actually the same DNA. So the question is how does that same message create an eye cell or a liver cell or a kidney cell, and that, amongst other things is regulated by epigenetics. So epigenetics refers to the signals and there are many ways that this can occur. I'll keep it simple by just talking about methylation. So methyl groups are added to certain areas of the genome and these can modulate how the genes are expressed. So I like to use a musical analogy. Genes are the actual notes that have been written by the composer on the staff and epigenetics relates to the grace notes or the instructions the composer writes on top of it to play this faster or slower or fortissimo or pianissimo. So that's a really good analogy actually. And that's what epigenetics is about. What work are you doing on this topic? Well, we've been so lucky here. We've come across some fascinating findings. We have a very profound seasonality in the Gambia. So, I'm speaking to you in the end of October, the rain has just finished, we probably won't get another rain for another eight months now. So that changes the foods that are consumed, the whole dietary patterns, very profoundly. So you have a quasi-experiment of nature. People are randomized, or conceptions occurring in different months are randomized, to a different nutritional background. And to cut a long and very complex story short, what we've discovered is that the day a baby is conceived or the month it's conceived in, has a really profound effect on certain of the marks within the epigenome. And these relate to marks that are laid down in the very first few days of life. So if I could expand on that a little bit, when sperm meets egg, each of those has epigenetic marks from the parents. So the sperm carries the father's epigenetic marks, which incidentally were laid down during the father's fetal life. So that means that the paternal grandmother was influencing those marks and the egg, those marks are laid down in the probably in the adolescent period and in the 14 weeks leading up to the release of that day. Now what happens when they fuse is that most of those marks are removed. It's called erasure and they have to be removed in order to create pluripotent cells that can then become things other than sperm and egg. They can become all the other cells that are needed for the body. And so the erasure happens very, very quickly and then patterns are laid back down within the first seven, eight, nine days of conception. And that's what we study. And as I say, we've found that there a very profound differences in those patterns that are laid down in the very first few days of human development according to the month of babies conceived in. And it's really quite remarkable. We hope its going to tell us a lot about how parental nutrition can affect the lifelong health of these babies and any babies around the world. What strikes me as being profoundly important, that certainly a child inherits the genetics from their parents, but it sounds like what's going on in the lives of the parents during critical times like prior to pregnancy and things will affect the child's genetics beyond what the parents just would have passed along anyway. Is that correct? We think so, tied up in this are some intricate, probably evolutionary tricks that have developed over many, many millennia. It would make sense that a baby develops in the way that would be best suited to its environment. So if these areas of the genome that we're studying are able to detect the nutritional circumstance that that egg finds itself in the fallopian tube and in the womb as it's embedding, which of course will reflect the mother's nutritional status. If it can detect that, it can record what it sees and then it can adapt the phenotype, adapt the baby according to that information. That would make a lot of sense and we think, we speculate, that that's what's going on and there's a huge amount of work ahead of us to try and understand the biology. But actually, more importantly in a way, although we think we need to understand the biology first, I was going to say more importantly is would this give what we could call it a pathway to impact. If we understand this better, can we advise mothers, and fathers incidentally, how better to eat in the weeks and months leading up to them conceiving a baby, which would ultimately, we hope, have a lifelong effect on that baby's health. Now, the intriguing thing, and the thing I really love, is that we're able to study this simply because of this wonderful experiment with nature. But I speculate that this affects any moms around the world, so it's not just an issue for Gambian mums or African mums. I think this will be a universal finding once we can sort it all out. Your work contributes to the science showing that early malnutrition experiences put an individual at risk for things like obesity and diabetes later in life. Could you explain how and why that works? But also explain, if you would, whether they're epigenetic possibilities there like, do malnutrition experiences in a mother or father contribute to the likelihood of child might be a risk for those things later in life. Indeed. Thanks for the question, because that opens up a couple of answers. The best thing is to just expand a little bit on what you've said about what we call the developmental origins of health and disease theory. So we have known since the days of Elsie Winterson and Ari McCants at Cambridge, but brought to the fore, really by David Barker in Southampton, that babies' fetal experiences which can be measured by their size at birth have a profound effect on their risk of, for instance, heart disease or diabetes or hypertension as you've indicated, some six or seven decades later. So the question as you posed it is, well, how, how could those facts be linked together? One answer of course, is that what it could be an anatomical change. If the baby hasn't gotten enough of the right nutrients to develop enough renal tubules, then it will have a deficit of renal tubules for the whole of its life, which would cause a potentially drive up hypertension. So that's one possibility. The hot money has been put on epigenetics, that maybe epigenetics is a process by which the epigenomes could be affected by the early undernutrition and could then be giving this unhealthy readout for the rest of that person's life. And that's part and parcel of what we're trying to get to the bottom of it. Just to say again, that the reason for really wanting to do this so fast is that it should lead us, I think, to better next generation interventions if we can solve that. All the biology that's going on. You mentioned earlier in the podcast that the sustainable development goals wished to reduce stunting by half, by the year 2025, and yet there are so many millions of children around the world affected by stunting. Do you see any hope that's an achievable goal? Oh, definitely. Yes. I think the world is progressing and I think one of the very important things for we nutritionists to keep in mind is that the world is changing and in a way that's one of the reasons I love to live and work among the population because I can watch the change that's going on. One of the things that happens here actually is that a lot of money is sent back to families here from people who have migrated abroad. So people who drive your taxi around Duke or anywhere else, are possibly Gambians and possibly sending money back and that's having a profound effect. So I think at the end of the day, wealth and the transmission of wealth and the sharing of wealth around the world will help these things and they will sort themselves out at the deficit once again of moving almost straight over and inevitably over into the problems of overweight and obesity. But I do see a lot of hope. There's one other thing I'd like to mention, which is that I also mentioned that these wash interventions were profoundly unsuccessful. And I think my interpretation of what's gone on there is that they simply haven't been ambitious enough. They've put on the hat of, well, whatever we do must be affordable for very poor people and for poor governments. And I think that's, I mean it was a good start, but it's almost insulting saying that we must keep poor people in poverty and there's nothing better we can do then, you know, offer them soap and tell them how to wash their hands. I think people have a right to live in very good housing. I think everybody has an aspiration to live in very good housing. And once that occurs, I think a lot of the nutritional problems will disappear. So it's a bit intriguing to hear a nutritionist saying, actually nutrition just at the moment might not be able to solve all this. We've really got to have help from what we call them, nutrition sensitive interventions, in concert with the nutrition specific intervention. So that's the way that my thinking at least is going. Produced by Deborah Hill, Duke World Food Policy Center, Sanford School of Public Policy

When the UN announced its 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and Climate Change, it was clear that the new Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were even more ambitious than the previous Millennium Development Goals. It was also clear that collaborative partnerships will be the key to achieving them. In this podcast you'll hear how the Academy, business leaders, academia, and government are working together to help make the world a better place for all. You'll also hear from young students working on international teams to tackle some of these same challenges, which might inspire you to think about what you can do in your community to help achieve the SDGs.

Mishi Choudhary The Internet has long been identified as one of the greatest technological advancements of recent times, and has proven over the years to be a critical enabler of social and economic change. As observed by the Outcome Document of the High-Level Meeting of the United Nations General Assembly on the Overall Review of the Implementation of WSIS Outcomes, ICTs including the Internet have seen penetration into almost all corners of the globe, created new opportunities for social interaction, enabled new business models, and contributed to economic growth and development in all other sectors. It was further observed that increased ICT connectivity, innovation, and access have played a critical role in enabling progress on the Millennium Development Goals. The frequent resort to Internet shut downs by the State as a mitigation and prevention strategy, mostly in the developing countries is a cause of concern. From 2013-2016, India has experienced 32 Internet shut downs for varying reasons across 10 states (http://sflc.in/internet-shutdown-tracker-india-2013-2016/). The reasons for suspension of Internet services India span an entire spectrum, ranging from disabling cheating in an exam to preventing a protest from happening during a cricket match. Apart from India, Internet shut downs have been reported in Bangladesh, Mynamar, in South Asian region; Egypt, Congo, Syria, Sudan, Burundi in the African continent; Iraq, in the Middle East, and even parts of South America, like Venezuela have experienced such this suspension of Internet services. Frequent resort to Internet shut downs by the State is tantamount to a tool for curbing dissenting opinions, restricting organization of protests, disabling authentic reporting from the areas hit by unrest or violence, and obstructing the flow of information, thereby putting a halt to the inclusive nature of the Internet. Against this backdrop,we would like to have a talk followed by discussion  to facilitate a better understanding of the causes and impacts for such shut downs, including the legal frameworks that permit such actions. This is a blanket form of censorship being practiced by democracies and not just totalitarian regimes.

The United Nation's Millennium Development Goals, and the subsequent Sustainable Development Goals, define premature mortality as being a death under the age of 70. As demographic change means more people are living longer than this, Peter Lloyd-Sherlock, professor of social policy and international development at the University of East Anglia, argues that this will lead to discrimination against older people. Read the full analysis: http://www.bmj.com/content/354/bmj.i4514

As the Sustainable Development Goals replace the Millennium Development Goals in January, Mike Wooldridge asks what are the realistic prospects for eradicating poverty by 2030? Can such strategies really "leave no one behind"?

In June 2011, Sandra Bagaria was in an online romance with a Syrian revolutionary named Amina Arraf.  Then Amina disappeared, and someone told Sandra she had been kidnapped by agents of the regime.  Sandra mobilized along with gay activists all over the world to demand Amina's release. But then everything unraveled, and Sandra learned that her lover never existed. Gay Girl in Damascus: The Amina Profile, which opens at the Roxie theater on July 24, is Sandra's story.  We talk with Sandra about the experience of making the film. “The Mistreatment of Women During Childbirth in Health Facilities Globally: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review” is a survey of 65 studies from 34 countries.  Its findings are part of the evaluation of the Millennium Development Goals, or MDG, eight objectives established by the United Nations in 2000.  We talk with researcher Meghan Bohren of the World Health Organization. Also Spiraleena Mason of 3 Girls Theatre joins us to talk about the upcoming New Works Festival, August 3 through 9 at San Francisco's Thick House.   The post Womens Magazine – July 20, 2015 appeared first on KPFA.

John Beckett is the national co-ordinator of Micah Challenge Australia, which is a coalition of Christian development agencies, churches and individuals that aims to deepen people's engagement with the poor and to help reduce poverty. He joined Life and Faith to discuss the Millennium Development Goals and the fight against global poverty.

Jeffrey Sachs of Columbia University and the Millennium Villages Project talks with EconTalk host about poverty in Africa and the efforts of the Millennium Villages Project to fight hunger, disease, and illiteracy. The project tries to achieve the Millennium Development Goals in a set of poor African villages using an integrated strategy fighting hunger, poverty, and disease. In this lively conversation, Sachs argues that this approach has achieved great success so far and responds to criticisms from development economists and Nina Munk in her recent EconTalk interview.

Tim Harford explains why the technology giant Apple is not bigger than Poland, as media reports have claimed. And he scrutinises the claim that the Millennium Development Goal on safe drinking water has been achieved ahead of schedule. The World Health Organisation, which along with Unicef announced that the target had been met, concedes that the numbers are not actually that certain. This programme was originally broadcast on the BBC World Service.