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Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal and Dr. Petros Grivas discuss innovative new intravesical therapies and other recent advances in the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. TRANSCRIPT Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: Hello and welcome. I'm Dr. Monty Pal here at the ASCO Daily News Podcast. I'm a medical oncologist and professor and vice chair of academic affairs at the City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center in Los Angeles. And I'm really delighted to be your new host here. Today's episode is going to really sort of focus on an area near and dear to my heart, something I actually see in the clinics, and that's bladder cancer. We're specifically going to be discussing non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, which actually comprises about 75% of new cases. Now, in recent years, there's been a huge shift towards personalized bladder-preserving strategies, including innovative therapies and new agents that really are reducing reliance on more primitive techniques like radical cystectomy and radiation therapy. And I'm really excited about this new trend. And really at the forefront of this is one of my dear friends and colleagues, Dr. Petros Grivas. He's a professor in the Department of Medicine and Division of Hematology Oncology at the University of Washington. It's going to take a while to get through all these titles. He's taken on a bunch of new roles. He is medical director of the International Program, medical director of the Local and Regional Outreach Program, and also professor in the Clinical Research Division at the Fred Hutch Cancer Center. Petros, welcome to the program. Dr. Petros Grivas: Thank you so much, Monty. It's exciting for me to be here. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: Just FYI for our audience, our disclosures are available in the transcript of this episode. We're going to get right into it, Petros. Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, this is a really, really challenging space. We see a lot of recurrence and progression of the disease over time, about 50% to 70% of patients do have some recurrence after initial treatment, and about 30% are ultimately going to progress on to muscle-invasive or metastatic disease. Now, I will say that when you and I were in training, non-muscle invasive bladder cancer was something that was almost relegated to the domain of the urologist, right? They would use treatments such as BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) in a serial fashion. It was rare, I think, for you and I to really enter into this clinical space, but that's all changing, isn't it? I mean, can you maybe tell us about some of the new therapies, two or three that you're really excited about in this space? Dr. Petros Grivas: Monty, you're correct. Traditionally and conventionally, our dear friends and colleagues in urology have been managing patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. The previous term was superficial bladder cancer. Now, it has changed, to your point, to non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. And this has to do with the staging of this entity. These tumors in superficial layers of bladder cancer, not invading the muscularis propria, the muscle layer, which makes the bladder contract for urine to be expelled. As you said, these patients have been treated traditionally with intravesical BCG, one of the oldest forms of immunotherapy that was developed back in the 1970s, and this is a big milestone of immunotherapy development. However, over the years, in the last 50 years, there were not many options for patients in whom the cancers had progression or recurrence, came back after this intravesical BCG. Many of those patients were undergoing, and many of them still may be undergoing, what we call radical cystectomy, meaning removal of the bladder and the lymph nodes around the bladder. The development of newer agents over the last several years has given the patients the option of having other intravesical therapies, intravesical meaning the delivery of drugs, medications inside the bladder, aiming to preserve the bladder, keep the bladder in place. And there are many examples of those agents. Just to give you some examples, intravesical chemotherapy, chemotherapy drugs that you and me may be giving intravenously, some of them can be given inside the bladder, intravesical installation. One example of that is a combination of gemcitabine and docetaxel. These drugs are given in sequence one after the other inside the bladder, and they have seen significant efficacy, good results, again, helping patients keeping the bladder when they can for patients with what we call BCG unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. And again, there's criteria that the International Bladder Cancer Group and the FDA developed, how to define when BCG fails, when we have BCG unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: And we're actually going to get into some of the FDA requirements and development pathways and so forth. What I'm really interested in hearing, and I'm sure our audience is too, are maybe some of the new intravesical treatments that are coming around. I do think it's exciting that the gemcitabine and docetaxel go into the bladder indeed, but what are some of the top new therapies? Pick two or three that you're excited about that people should be looking out for in this intravesical space. Dr. Petros Grivas: For sure, for sure. In terms of the new up-and-coming therapies, there are a couple that come to mind. One of them is called TAR-200, T-A-R 200. This agent is actually a very interesting system. It's an intravesical delivery of a chemotherapy called gemcitabine, the one that I just mentioned a few minutes ago, that is actually being delivered through what we call a pretzel, which is like a rounded [pretzel-shaped] structure working like an osmotic pump, and that is being delivered inside the bladder intravesically by urologists. And this drug is releasing, through the osmotic release mechanism, this chemotherapeutic drug, gemcitabine, inside the bladder. And this can be replaced once every 3 weeks in the beginning. And the data so far from early-phase trials are really, really promising, showing that this agent may be potentially regulatory approved down the road. So TAR-200 is something to keep in mind. And similarly, in the same context, there is a different drug that also uses the same mechanism, and this osmotic release, this pretzel, it's just encoded with a different agent. The different agent is an FGFR inhibitor, a target therapy called erdafitinib, a drug that you and me may give in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma if they have an FGFR3 mutation or fusion. And that drug is called TAR-210. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: And can I ask you, in that setting, do you have to have an FGFR3 mutation to receive it? Or what is the context there? Dr. Petros Grivas: So for TAR-210, TAR-2-1-0, usually there is a checking to see if there is an FGFR3 mutation or fusion. And the big question, Monty, is do we have adequate tissue, right? From a limited tissue on what we call the TURBT, right, that urologists do. And now there is a lot of development in technology, for example, urine circulating tumor DNA to try to detect these mutations in the urine to see whether the patient may be eligible for this TAR-210. Both of those agents are not FDA approved, but there are significant promising clinical trials. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: So now let's go to a rapid-fire round. Give us two more agents that you're excited about in this intravesical space. What do you think? Dr. Petros Grivas: There is another one called cretostimogene. It's a long name. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: They really make these names very easy for us, don't they? Dr. Petros Grivas: They are not Greek names, Monty, I can tell you, you know. Even my Greek language is having trouble pronouncing them. The cretostimogene, it's actually almost what we call a growth factor, a GM-CSF. The actual name of this agent is CG0070. This is a replicating mechanism where GM-CSF is replicating in cells. And this agent has shown significant results again, like the TAR-200, in BCG unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. I would say very quickly, two agents that actually were recently approved and they're already available in clinical practice, is nadofaragene firadenovec, another long name. That's a non-replicating vector that has the gene of interferon alfa-2b that stimulates the immune system in the bladder. It's given once every 3 months. And the last one that was, as I mentioned, already FDA approved, it's an interleukin-15 superagonist. It's another long name, which is hard to pronounce, but I will give it a try. It's a drug that was recently actually approved also in the UK. The previous name was N-803. It's given together with BCG as a combination for BCG unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: This is a huge dilemma, I think, right? Because if you're a practicing, I'm going to say urologist for the moment, I guess the challenge is how do you decide between an IL-15 superagonist? How do you decide between a pretzel-eluting agent? How do you decide between that and maybe something that's ostensibly, I'm going to guess, cheaper, like gemcitabine and docetaxel? What's sort of the current thinking amongst urologists? Dr. Petros Grivas: Multiple factors play into our account when the decision is being made. I discuss with urologists all the time. It's not an easy decision because we do not have head-to-head comparisons between those agents. As you mentioned, intravesical chemotherapy with gemcitabine and docetaxel has been used over the years and this is the lowest cost, I would say, the cheapest option with good efficacy results. Obviously, the nadofaragene firadenovec every 3 months and the interleukin-15 superagonist, N-803, plus BCG have also been approved. The question is availability of those agents, are they available? Are they reimbursed? Cost of those agents can come into play. Frequency of administration, you know, once every 3 months versus more frequent. And of course, the individual efficacy and toxicity data, preference of the patients; sometimes the provider, the urologist, may have something that they may be more familiar with. But we lack this head-to-head comparison. Of course, I want to make sure I mention that radical cystectomy may still be the option for appropriate patients. So that complicates also the decision making and has to be individualized, customized, and personalized, taking into account all those factors. And there is not one size fitting all. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: So I think we discussed five intravesical therapies. As you point out, and you know, I'm going to get some calls about this: I think I referred to radical cystectomy as being a more primitive procedure. Not true at all. I think it's something that still is, you know, a mainstay of management in this disease space. But I guess it gets even more complicated, am I right, Petros? Because now we have systemic therapies that we can actually apply in this non-muscle invasive setting for at this point, refractory disease. Can you maybe just give us a quick two-minute primer on that? Dr. Petros Grivas: Absolutely, and systemic therapies now come into play, as you said. And a classical example of that, Monty, came from the KEYNOTE-057 trial that we published about 6 years ago. This is intravenous pembrolizumab, given intravascularly, intravenously, as opposed to the previously discussed intravesical administration of agents. Pembrolizumab was tested in that KEYNOTE-057 trial and showed efficacy about, I would say, one out of five patients, about 20%, had a complete response of the tumor in the bladder in a year after starting the treatment. Again, it's hard to compare across different agents, but obviously when we give something intravenously, there is a risk of toxicity, side effects systemically, what we call immune-related adverse events. And this can also play in the decision making, right? When you have intravesical agents versus intravascular agents, there is different toxicity profiles in terms of systemic toxicity. But intravenous pembrolizumab has been an option, FDA approved, since, if I remember, it was early 2020 when this became FDA approved. There are other agents being tested in this disease, but like atezolizumab through the SWOG study that Dr. Black and Dr. Singh led, but atezolizumab is not FDA approved for this indication. Again, this is for BCG unresponsive, high-risk, non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: So maybe teach us how it works, for instance, at an expert center like the Fred Hutch. When you see a patient with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, there's obviously the option of surgery, there's the intravesical therapies, which I imagine the urology team is still really at the helm of. But then, I guess there has to be consideration of all options. So you've got to bring up systemic therapy with agents like pembrolizumab. In that context, are you involved that early on in the conversation? Dr. Petros Grivas: That's a great discussion, Monty. Paradigm is shifting as we mentioned together. The urologists have been treating these patients and still they are the mainstay of the treaters, the managers in this disease. But medical oncologists come to play more and more, especially with the FDA approval of intravenous pembrolizumab about 5 years ago [GC1] [KM2] . We have the concept of multidisciplinary bladder cancer clinic here at Fred Hutch and University of Washington. This happens every Tuesday morning, and we're very excited because it's a one-stop shop for the patients. We have the urologist, a medical oncologist, radiation oncologist, and experts from radiology and pathology, and we all review cases specifically with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. But every now and then, we see patients with BCG unresponsive non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. And this is where we discuss and we talk to the patient about pros and cons of all those options. And that's a classic example where medical oncologists may start to see those patients and offer their input and expertise. In addition to that, sometimes we have clinical trials, we may see these patients because there are systemic agents that may be administered in this setting. We have the SunRISe trial program that includes also a systemically administered checkpoint inhibitor. So that's another example where we see patients either in the context of multi-clinic or in individual solo clinics to counsel the patients about the pros and cons of the systemically administered agents in the context of clinical trials. Usually checkpoint inhibitors are the class of agents that are being tested in this particular scenario. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: I can see a scenario where it's really going to require this sort of deep dive, much in the way that we do for prostate cancer, for instance, where the medical oncologist is involved very early on and planning out any sort of systemic therapy component of treatment or at the very least, at least spelling out those options. I think it's going to be really interesting to see what this space looks like 5 or 10 years down the road. In closing, I wanted to go through something that I think is so different in this space, at least for the time being, and that is the paradigm for FDA approval. When you and I have our fellows in the clinics, we always say, “Look, you know, the paradigm in this disease and that disease and the other disease needs to be phase 3 randomized trials, right? Big thousand patient experiences where you're testing clinical endpoints.” That's tough in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, right? Because thankfully, outcomes can actually be quite good, you know, in this setting, right? It's tough to actually estimate overall survival in some of these early-stage populations. Tell me what the current regulatory bar is, and this is a tough thing to do in 2 minutes or less but tell me where you see it headed. Dr. Petros Grivas: You alluded to that before, Monty, when I was giving the background and we talked about the regulatory approval. And I have to very quickly go back in time about 10 years ago because it's important for context that can help us in other disease types too. We had workshops with the FDA and the NCI with the help of the International Bladder Cancer Group and other colleagues. And we try to define a framework, what endpoints are meaningful for those patients in this disease. It was a multidisciplinary, multiple stakeholders meeting, where we tried to define what is important for patients. What are the available agents? What are the trial designs we can accept? And what are the meaningful endpoints that the regulatory agencies can accept for regulatory approval? And that was critical in that mission because it allowed us to design clinical trials, for example, single-arm trials in a disease where there was no standard of care. There was intravesical valrubicin and chemotherapy anthracycline that was approved for many years, but was not practically used in clinical practice, despite being approved, the valrubicin. And because of that, the FDA allowed these single-arm trials to happen. And obviously the endpoint was also discussed in that meeting. For example, for carcinoma in situ, complete response, clinical complete response, because the bladder remains intact in many patients, clinical complete response was a meaningful primary endpoint, also duration of response is also very important. So what is the durable clinical complete response in 1 year or 18 months is relevant. And when you have papillary tumors like Ta or T1 with CIS, for papillary tumors, event-free survival becomes one of the key endpoints and you look at it over time, for example, at 12 or 18 months, what is the event-free survival? So clinical complete response, duration of response, event-free survival, depending on the CIS presence or papillary tumors, I think these are endpoints that have allowed us to design those trials, get those agents approved. Now, the question going forward, Monty, and we can close with that is, since now we have the embarrassment of riches, many more options available compared to where we were 6 and 7 years ago, is now the time to do randomized trials? And if we do randomized trials, which can be the control group? Which of those agents should be allowed to be part of the control group? These are ongoing discussions right now with the NCI, with other agencies, cooperative groups, trying to design those trials and move forward from here.[GC3] Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: Well, it's awesome to have you here on the program so we can get some early looks into some of these conversations. I mean, clearly, you're at the table at a lot of these discussions, Petros. So I want to thank you for sharing your insights with us today. This was just tremendous. Dr. Petros Grivas: Thank you, Monty. You know, patients in the center, I just came back from the Bladder Cancer Advocacy Network meeting in Washington, D.C., and we discussed all those questions, the topics you very eloquently mentioned and asked me today, and patients gave us great feedback and patients guide us in that effort. Thank you so, so much for having me and congratulations for the amazing podcast you're doing. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: Oh, cheers, Petros, thanks so much. And thank you to the listeners who joined us today. If you really like the insights that you heard on this ASCO Daily News Podcast, please rate, review, and subscribe wherever you get your podcasts. Thanks, everyone. Disclaimer: The purpose of this podcast is to educate and to inform. This is not a substitute for professional medical care and is not intended for use in the diagnosis or treatment of individual conditions. Guests on this podcast express their own opinions, experience, and conclusions. Guest statements on the podcast do not express the opinions of ASCO. The mention of any product, service, organization, activity, or therapy should not be construed as an ASCO endorsement. Find out more about today's speakers: Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal @montypal Dr. Petros Grivas @PGrivasMDPhD Follow ASCO on social media: @ASCO on Twitter ASCO on Bluesky ASCO on Facebook ASCO on LinkedIn Disclosures: Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: Speakers' Bureau: MJH Life Sciences, IntrisiQ, Peerview Research Funding (Inst.): Exelixis, Merck, Osel, Genentech, Crispr Therapeutics, Adicet Bio, ArsenalBio, Xencor, Miyarsian Pharmaceutical Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: Crispr Therapeutics, Ipsen, Exelixis Dr. Petros Grivas: Consulting or Advisory Role: Merck, Bristol-Myers Squibb, AstraZeneca, EMD Serono, Pfizer, Janssen, Roche, Astellas Pharma, Gilead Sciences, Strata Oncology, Abbvie, Bicycle Therapeutics Replimune, Daiichi Sankyo, Foundation Medicine, Bicycle Therapeutics, Eli Lilly, Urogen Pharma, Tyra Biosciences Research Funding (Inst.): Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck, EMD Serono, Gilead Sciences, Acrivon Therapeutics, ALX Oncology, ALX Oncology, Genentech Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: Gilead Sciences
Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal and Dr. Arielle Elkrief discuss the clinical relevance of the gut microbiome in cancer immunotherapy and the importance of antibiotic stewardship, as well as interventions currently being explored to treat gut dysbiosis and optimize immunotherapy response. TRANSCRIPT Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: Hi everyone, I'm Dr. Monty Pal, welcoming you to the ASCO Daily News Podcast. I'm a medical oncologist. I'm a professor and vice chair of academic affairs at the City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center in Los Angeles. Today we're here to discuss one of my favorite topics, which is the gut microbiome. It's almost hard to avoid the gut microbiome nowadays if you look at medical literature within oncology. It's an emerging phenomenon, but there are a couple of individuals that I would really define as pioneers in the field. And one of them is actually with me today, Dr. Arielle Elkrief, to discuss the clinical relevance of the gut microbiome, particularly amongst patients receiving immunotherapy, although I imagine our conversation today will take many twists and turns. Arielle is an assistant professor and clinician scientist in the Department of Oncology at the University of Montreal, and she is co-director of the CHUM Microbiome Center there. FYI for the listeners, we have our full disclosures in the transcript of this episode. Arielle, thank you so much for joining us today. Dr. Arielle Elkrief: Thanks so much, Monty. This is going to be amazing. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: Well, I have to tell you what sort of inspired me to bring you on as a guest. It was one of many things, but it was this really terrific ASCO Educational [Book] article that you wrote. Now, I have to tell you, I've read all the articles sort of cover to cover in the book, and they're always a wonderful primer, so if our audience is studying for board research or something of that sort, it's a terrific resource to go through. I have to tell you, this piece on the gut microbiome that you wrote is nothing short of a masterpiece. If you read this cover to cover, it's actually going to give you, I think, a sense of the current state and future state of the field. I wanted to start by just sort of beginning with sort of the origin story for a lot of this, which is this association between the gut microbiome and immunotherapy response. This takes us back several years to this pivotal series of papers in Science. Maybe you could walk our audience through that. Dr. Arielle Elkrief: Absolutely. Well, thank you so much for your kind words about the ASCO [Educational] Book. It was a team effort with a lot of key opinion leaders in the field, so I'm really glad to learn that you've liked it. Moving backwards in terms of how we came to understand that the gut microbiome is essential to priming a response to cancer immunotherapy actually goes back to 2015 and seminal papers that looked at what happens when we take mice that are germ-free mice that have never been exposed to a microbiome. These are mice that are born by cesarean section and essentially live in a bubble. And when we give those mice tumors and treat them, in the first papers with anti-CTLA-4 treatment, we realized that these antibodies don't work at all. And that was the first observation that the presence of a gut microbiome was essential to mounting an anti-cancer immune response. When we supplemented those same mice with beneficial bacteria or feces from responder patients, we were able to restore the response to immunotherapy. And so those were really the first preclinical observations that made us understand the critical role of the microbiome in immunotherapy response. Moving a little bit in the future, we examined the fecal microbiome composition using shotgun metagenomic sequencing in different cohorts of patients with solid tumors, namely lung cancers, kidney cancers, and also skin tumors like melanoma, and found that patients who responded to immunotherapy had a distinct microbiome that was characterized by beneficial bacteria compared to patients who experienced resistance to immunotherapy that had a dysbiotic or diseased microbiome. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: So, you know, it's interesting, these techniques that we're using to sequence the gut, they're a little bit different. So I wonder if you can give the audience a quick primer on these techniques that you're so well versed in, shotgun metagenomic sequencing, 16S rRNA sequencing. If you had to describe this in 30 seconds, which is a tall task, how would you do that? Dr. Arielle Elkrief: That's a tall task. Much of what we know about the microbiome initially came from a technique called 16S rRNA sequencing. This is a technique that amplifies the 16S region and basically tells you at the genus level what's going on at the level of bacterial composition. This technique is fast, relatively cheap, and can be performed on a laptop computer, which is excellent. The problem is that it's prone to a lot of technical variations. Different primers might give you different results, and you're really limited at the genus resolution. You can't get a good resolution in terms of species, and we're learning that different species from the same genus might have different physiological properties, and the same thing goes at the strain level. So when we really zone in and look at inter-species changes, we're seeing that these actually have specific functions in the host. So that brings us to metagenomic sequencing, which is a whole genome sequencing, next-generation sequencing based method that looks at the whole composition and gives you information not only on bacteria, but you might also get fungal and viral properties. You can zoom in on the strain level. You can also get functional output, so we can examine what the metabolic properties of specific species or strains might look like. The negative aspects of shotgun metagenomic sequencing is that it takes a lot of computational power in order to analyze the results and it might take a little bit longer. And certainly, within the clinical setting, not something that's feasible yet. And that brings us to more novel point-of-care biomarker tools that we've collaborated in developing along with Dr. Laurence Zitvogel and Dr. Lisa Derosa at Gustave Roussy, that learning from the shotgun metagenomics results designed a probe using quantitative PCR which looks for this specific bacteria we know to be important and developed a ratio of harmful bacteria to beneficial bacteria. This is called the TOPOSCORE, and it actually is able to predict quite nicely the response to immunotherapy using a stool sample and a really good turnaround time of almost 72 hours. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: That was a perfect overview and a lot of information in a short amount of time. It also makes you take out your high school biology textbooks, doesn't it, to understand that the bacterial ribosome, right, is a different size and shape, and that's what we're sequencing here. But these techniques I think are incredibly important, and I'm glad you actually discussed this, this RT-PCR based strategy of calculating the TOPOSCORE. It lends itself to this phenomenon of dysbiosis, and I think for our audience, that's going to be an important term to understand as time goes on. There's the normal healthy gut and then there's this phenomenon of dysbiosis, which is, I guess, simply put, an unhealthy gut. But tell us about, you know, how often you see dysbiosis in a cancer patient, maybe versus a normal healthy adult. Dr. Arielle Elkrief: So, I think we can split up your question into two parts. One is we know from cohort studies and population level-based studies that the microbiome of patients with cancer is distinct from healthy patients or healthy people. And we know that because of the global composition. We also think that there are diversity metrics that lend themselves to being described as dysbiotic. But we do know that the microbiome of people with cancer is distinct from healthy volunteers. That's the first point. In terms of how frequently dysbiosis occurs in patients with cancer, it's not very well defined. We know that even among healthy people, there is a certain level of dysbiosis. Laurence in her talk mentioned that to be about 10% to 20%. And the other fascinating component is that when we're thinking about dysbiosis and the cancer associated microbiome, in terms of the species that are enriched, it's quite striking that a lot of these dysbiotic or negative bacteria are also found to be enriched in patients with metabolic disease, like cardiovascular disease, for example. And so it's unclear if dysbiosis is the cause or consequence, but there definitely seems to be a general pattern of disease when looking at the microbiome compared to healthy people. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: That's interesting. So, I'll tell you, my second favorite portion of your article, and I'll tell you my favorite portion as well in the context of this podcast, but my second favorite part was the section around antibiotic stewardship. You know, the utilization of antibiotics in a very pragmatic fashion amongst our patients. Can you describe why that's so critical in the context of the microbiome? Dr. Arielle Elkrief: Antibiotics can disrupt the gut microbiome composition. We know this from mouse studies, but also cohort studies of patients that are exposed to antibiotics. And most importantly, we know that patients who are exposed to antibiotics, either before or during the immunotherapy period, have significantly worse progression-free survival and overall survival to immunotherapy. And this is true for immunotherapy in the monotherapy setting, but also when combined with chemotherapy. What's striking is that when we look at patients who are just treated with chemotherapy, we don't see the negative outcome of antibiotics on outcome and progression-free survival and overall survival, suggesting that the negative impact of antibiotics on outcomes is really specific to immunotherapy backbones. The other important point is that this negative signal is maintained even after adjusting for standard prognostic variables in the specific malignancies that we're looking at. And then most importantly, at the mechanistic level, we were able to actually pinpoint the mechanism behind this antibiotic related dysbiosis. And we see this with a bloom of negative bacteria which induces a loss of MAd-CAM, which is an endothelial gut checkpoint immune marker, and that causes an efflux of immunosuppressive T cells, which are usually in the gut, to go straight into the tumor where they make the tumor unamenable to an immunotherapy response. And so now we finally have the mechanism as to why antibiotics are harmful and why we need to practice antibiotic stewardship. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: And just to be clear for the audience, I mean, if a patient needs antibiotics, they need antibiotics. But perhaps it just suggests that, and we have, I suppose, this predilection as oncologists, just for the minor cold or cough or what have you, we maybe should be a little bit more cognizant of whether or not antibiotics are truly necessary. Is that fair? Dr. Arielle Elkrief: Absolutely. So what we're advocating for is antibiotic stewardship, and this is the clear recommendation that we can make. So that means confirming a bacterial infection. If it's there and antibiotics are indicated, to choose the most narrow spectrum for the shortest course and constantly re-evaluate the indication of antibiotics. And of course, we need to work with our colleagues in infectious diseases who've done incredible work in antibiotic stewardship. And all along this process we also need to be mindful of other medications and polypharmacy, such as proton pump inhibitors or narcotics, for example, we think that these other medications which are frequently prescribed in our cancer population can also potentially have negative impacts on the microbiome and immunotherapy response. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: I think that's a terrific summary and big guidance for the audience. I promised you I'd tell you my favorite part of your article, and this is this huge table. I think the table is two and a half pages long, if I remember correctly, but it's an awesome table, and I highly recommend our audience to check this out. It lists literally every therapeutic trial for the microbiome under the sun. And so it begins with the approach of fecal microbiota transplant, which I'm going to ask you to tell us about in a second, but it also hinges on a lot of really cool sort of novel therapies, live bacterial products, mixes of different microbial products. Maybe take us through this whole approach of FMT (fecal microbiota transplantation). I actually wasn't aware of the dozens of trials that you listed there in this space. It seems like it's a very active area of research. Dr. Arielle Elkrief: Definitely. So, as you alluded to, FMT or fecal microbiota transplantation is the most well studied and direct way to modify the patient's microbiome. This technique aims to replace the patient's dysbiotic microbiome with that of a healthy microbiome, either from a healthy donor volunteer that's been heavily screened, or from a patient who experienced response to immunotherapy. And, as three landmark studies so far that have been published demonstrated the potential of FMT to reduce primary resistance or secondary resistance to immunotherapy, and this has been in melanoma. We also recently reported on the results of our FMT-LUMINate trial, which looked at patients with lung cancer and melanoma. Once again, FMT, when combined with immunotherapy was safe and led to a higher proportion of responses than we would normally expect. We're now also looking at randomized trials that have come out. So the first being the TACITO trial in kidney cancer, which compared FMT plus pembrolizumab and axitinib to placebo in patients with RCC, and again, FMT was safe and feasible and also led to an increased progression-free survival at one year, meeting the study's primary endpoint. And so, so far, there's a wealth of data really showing the promise of FMT when combined with immunotherapy, and we're now in the process of conducting larger randomized trials, including in melanoma with the CCTG (Canada Cancer Trials Group) in our ME17 or Canbiome2 trial, where we're going to be enrolling 128 patients with metastatic melanoma to receive FMT and standard of care immunotherapy compared to standard of care immunotherapy alone. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: You're very humble, so I've got to highlight for our audience. This was a mega grant that Arielle received to fund really the largest prospective exploration of FMT that will exist to date. So I'm really excited about that. I wish this was something we could participate in stateside. Before we jump into the other approach, which is live bacterial products and mixes thereof, where do you see FMT going? I think that one of the perceived challenges with FMT is that it's hard to implement, right? You need to have a really robust framework when it comes to gastroenterology, the preparation's challenging. Is there a way to envision FMT use being more generalized? Dr. Arielle Elkrief: Those are great questions. So we're lucky in Canada to work with pioneers in FMT, Michael Silverman, Saman Maleki, and John Lenehan in London, Ontario, who had this really robust FMT healthy donor screening program, which literally screens for every pathogen under the sun, and we haven't had any problems with feasibility or implementing FMT in Canada. But I think that once we're going to hopefully start doing larger scale, randomized phase three studies, that we might run into problems with scalability. And I think also with regards to reproducibility, and that's the feedback that we're getting from some regulatory authorities, especially at the level of the FDA, where there are some concerns around inter- and intra-donor variability because, of course, we can't guarantee that every fecal sample is going to be the same. So that has really pushed the field to think about other strategies, such as live biotherapeutic products which take modified FMT or bacteria from stools from either healthy donors or from responder patients and basically turn them into drugs that are regulated as drugs and can then be studied in the context of investigational new drugs or products. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: I like this and, you know, I do think that there's a future for it. We just have to kind of put our heads together and figure out how to get over all of these logistical hurdles, but, you know, I agree, I think your group and others have demonstrated, especially with this trial that you're fanning out all throughout Canada, that it can potentially be done. This is a topic that could probably go on for another couple of hours, right, especially based on the size of the table that you put together in this brilliant article, but tell us about live bacterial products or LBPs, as we call them these days. What's the current status, what's the future there? And maybe I'll give you less than two minutes here, although again, I realize it's a two-hour topic. Dr. Arielle Elkrief: You're probably better suited to speak about that because you've been one of the pioneers in terms of this. So we can think about LBPs in terms of single strain organisms, like CBM588 for an example, which your group did some amazing work in showing that, in a randomized setting, that this led to better responses than we would expect compared to just work with controls. We also know that LBPs can have multiple strains, up to 30. We're collaborating with a company called Cannabis Bioscience that is actually working on much larger communities of consortia. And so we're really excited about the direction that that's taking in terms of taking these LBPs and developing them from the drug perspective. In addition to LBPs, we know that there are other ways that we can change the microbiome, notably prebiotics, which are compounds which can have a beneficial impact on the microbiome. And one of these is camu camu, which I know your group is leading a clinical trial looking at camu camu and kidney cancer, and we're excited to see how that compares to FMT or LBPs, because that might be a potentially scalable alternative. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: That's awesome. What a terrific overview, and that was less than two minutes. I don't know how you did it. That's terrific. Arielle, this has been such an insightful conversation. I just want to thank you for, again, a terrific article in the ASCO Educational Book. I highly recommend all of our listeners to go there and check it out, and also for sharing all these terrific insights on the podcast today. Dr. Arielle Elkrief: Thank you so much, Monty. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: And thanks to our listeners, too. If you value the insights that you heard today on the ASCO Daily News Podcast, please rate, review, and subscribe wherever you get your podcasts. Thanks, everyone. Disclaimer: The purpose of this podcast is to educate and to inform. This is not a substitute for professional medical care and is not intended for use in the diagnosis or treatment of individual conditions. Guests on this podcast express their own opinions, experience, and conclusions. Guest statements on the podcast do not express the opinions of ASCO. The mention of any product, service, organization, activity, or therapy should not be construed as an ASCO endorsement. Find out more about today's speakers: Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal @montypal Dr. Arielle Elkrief Follow ASCO on social media: @ASCO on Twitter ASCO on Bluesky ASCO on Facebook ASCO on LinkedIn Disclosures: Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: Speakers' Bureau: MJH Life Sciences, IntrisiQ, Peerview Research Funding (Inst.): Exelixis, Merck, Osel, Genentech, Crispr Therapeutics, Adicet Bio, ArsenalBio, Xencor, Miyarsian Pharmaceutical Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: Crispr Therapeutics, Ipsen, Exelixis Dr. Arielle Elkrief: Honoraria: AstraZenica, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck, EMD Serono Consulting or Advisory Role: Bristol-Myers Squibb Research Funding (Inst.): Kanvas Bioscience, AstraZeneca, Merck Other Relationship: Royal College of Surgeons and Physicians of Canada, Cedar's Cancer Center (Henry R. Shibata Fellowship), Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)
Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal and Dr. Kimmie Ng discuss the disturbing rise of early-onset gastrointestinal cancers, the unique challenges faced by younger patients, and key research that is shedding light on potential drivers of early diagnoses in colorectal cancer. TRANSCRIPT Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: Hello, everyone. I'm Dr. Monty Pal, and I'm a medical oncologist and professor and vice chair of medical oncology at the City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center in Los Angeles. I'm really delighted to welcome you all to the ASCO Daily News Podcast as the show's new host. I'll be bringing you discussions with leaders in the oncology space on a variety of topics. I've been working hard with the ASCO team on picking the ideal topics to bring to you, and I'm really delighted to introduce my first guest, a dear friend, Dr. Kimmie Ng, to discuss this huge problem that we're seeing nowadays of early-onset GI cancers. Dr. Ng is the associate chief of the Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and she's an associate professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School in Boston. She serves as co-director of the Colon and Rectal Cancer Program. She's also the founding director of the Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer Center at Dana-Farber. I'm sure we'll talk a little bit about that today. Just to note, our full disclosures are available in the transcript of this episode. Dr Ng, it's so great to have you on the podcast. Thanks so much for joining us. Dr. Kimmie Ng: Thank you so much for having me. It's great to be here. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: I'm going to refer to you as Kimmie, if you don't mind, for the rest of the podcast here. Please, we'll go by first names, if you don't mind. Your research has really done so much to help improve our understanding of early-onset GI cancers. You've done a lot of work to increase awareness in this space. I don't think there's a couple of months that passes by when I don't see you on television on Good Morning America or other shows really broadcasting this really critical message. I think there's a certain sensitivity that we all have to this issue, right? I mean, because receiving a cancer diagnosis at any age is very challenging, but I'm sure that young patients who face a colorectal cancer diagnosis have some very unique challenges. Could you give us a sense of some of those? Dr. Kimmie Ng: I think the other reason why so many people are interested in this and feel touched by this is that it's not just gastrointestinal cancers that are increasing in young people, but actually a multitude of different cancers have been rising in young individuals. And while it is difficult at any age to receive a cancer diagnosis, we do all know that young people getting a diagnosis like this do face unique challenges. Studies have shown that over 80% have children under the age of 18 when they are diagnosed with colorectal cancer, for example, under the age of 50. And many experience career and education disruptions. They are in what we call the ‘sandwich generation,' where they're not only taking care of young families or starting to think about starting a young family, but they're also taking care of elderly parents. So it's just a very busy stage of life, and to then be facing a usually terminal cancer diagnosis, it is extremely challenging. The other factors that we've seen that seem to be unique or more prevalent in young patients is that there are higher levels of psychosocial distress, depression, and anxiety, and a majority of patients do need medical attention and treatment for those things, whether it's medication treatment or whether it's counseling or support from psychosocial oncologists. And so the other big issue is fertility. We know that so many of the treatments that these young patients receive do permanently and negatively impact fertility. And for a person who is young, who may still be trying to expand their family or again start a family, it is very important that these young patients do receive counseling about fertility preservation prior to starting treatment. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: You know, it's so interesting you bring this up, and I think about a patient who's in their 40s diagnosed with this disease. They're in the same demographic as I am, as you are. You know, I'm 44 years old, and you know, I'm thinking about my 11- and 12-year-old and my aging parents, right? I mean, the dilemmas that you highlighted are precisely what I'm facing in life, and it's so true, right? If I had to take my day-to-day and superimpose on that a colorectal cancer diagnosis, it would just be problematic in so many spheres, so many spheres. Dr. Kimmie Ng: Absolutely. And because we did think going into this, starting our Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer Center, that these patients will need unique supports, we did conduct a qualitative study and held some focus groups of young-onset colorectal cancer patients as well as their caregivers. And we really identified four primary themes that I think reflect a lot of the experience of patients with cancer, no matter what type of cancer when they're diagnosed young. And the first is the need, feeling overwhelmed by the healthcare system, and the need for patient navigation. As we know, a lot of these patients are previously healthy before they're facing this very serious diagnosis. The second is the need for peer-to-peer support, where they really value connecting with other young patients going through a similar experience. The third, we talked about already, the need for kind of formal psychosocial support in the form of psychosocial oncologists or psychiatrists or social workers. And the last is an interest in research. They are really very invested in getting germline genetic testing as well as somatic genomic profiling to help guide their therapy. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: That's really encouraging to hear that they themselves are interested in participating in research. I mean, obviously, that's a great way to move the field forward. I view your area of work here as being such a vexing problem because no matter what way you slice it, young-onset colorectal cancer still remains a relatively small proportion of all diagnoses. So how do you go about studying this phenomenon? I mean, it must be challenging to really sort of investigate underlying causes when ostensibly this is still a small piece of the pie. Dr. Kimmie Ng: That is such a great question and is one of the challenges me and my research team think about every single day. As you mentioned, one of the major barriers is that although these cancers are rising in young people, the absolute number of patients being diagnosed is still relatively small, and if it's going to take large scale epidemiologic studies to really understand, for example, what the dietary and lifestyle risk factors are, you need a considerable number of patients in order to have enough power to reach definitive conclusions. And so this is where it is so important to collaborate. Any single institution is not going to see enough young-onset patients with colorectal cancer to be able to do this work on their own. And so I have really been intent on establishing an international prospective cohort study of patients with young-onset colorectal cancer so that we can increase the numbers of patients we partner with to try to answer these questions, but also so that we can study this on a global scale, because unfortunately this is not something that's just plaguing the United States. It is actually happening in multiple countries around the world. So that is one barrier. The second, I would say, is that we think it's early life exposures to whatever environmental factor it is that's causing the rise that is likely contributing the most. And so if you imagine how difficult it would be to start studying individuals from when they're children through adolescence, through adulthood, and then all the way until a cancer diagnosis is obtained, a study like that would take too long, would cost too much, and really wouldn't be feasible. So we need to think of alternative ways to really try and answer this question of what is driving this rise in young-onset colorectal cancer. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: Honestly, Kimmie, this seems like almost an unfair question in the context of what you just mentioned, the challenges in terms of ascertaining causality, right? I'll tell you, I cheated a little bit ahead of this podcast. Kimmie and I had dinner together in Los Angeles a couple months ago. She came out to deliver a Presidential Lectureship at City of Hope. We were delighted to have her. And we did have a couple of thoughts exchanged over potential drivers of these early diagnoses, leaning on perhaps one of the things that you and I are both interested in, the microbiome. But amongst all these things, vitamin D, microbiome, etc., and I won't hold you to this, do you have at least a general sense of what might be contributing to this early-onset phenomenon? Dr. Kimmie Ng: Yeah, as we talked about during my visit there to City of Hope, we do hypothesize that it is a complex interaction between our exposome, which is everything we are exposed to in our environment, which does include diet and lifestyle factors, interacting with host immunity and antitumor immunity, and as well as the microbiome and shaping the composition and diversity of the gut microbiome that are likely interacting to increase susceptibility to colorectal cancer at a younger age. And I will say one of the biggest discoveries, if you will, about what might be driving young-onset colorectal cancer was published a few months ago in Nature. And that paper identified a specific mutational signature caused by the genotoxin colibactin, which is often produced by an organism called pks+ E. coli, as being much more prevalent in younger patients with colorectal cancer than older patients. And so while it doesn't explain necessarily all of young-onset colorectal cancer and why it's rising, it does give us a clue that the microbiome is likely very important in perhaps why this is rising in young people. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: After you mentioned it, I went back and dove deep into that paper. I was fascinated, fascinated by the content there. And this is just a massive exploration across thousands of patients worldwide. So, I mean, if there is a way to get at least some hint of what's driving this phenomenon, I suppose that's it. So thank you for pointing me in the direction of that manuscript. Now that we've addressed the issue of diagnosis, if we could just, you know, verge on the topic of treatment, right? And this is something that I struggle with. When I have my young patients with kidney cancer, I don't know necessarily that my treatment paradigm changes a whole heck of a lot. I guess what I will say is I might be a little bit more aggressive about concepts like definitive management with surgery. I suppose perhaps their treatment tolerance is a little bit higher. But tell us about the setting of young-onset colorectal cancer. Is the philosophy any different in terms of the actual sort of management of these patients? Dr. Kimmie Ng: That's a great question, and actually I was honored to participate in the first international consensus guidelines group to try to come up with uniform recommendations for how to treat young patients with colorectal cancer. And you know, the overall consensus is just as you said, the medical care of these young patients right now is really not that much different than that of an older patient with colorectal cancer. There are a couple of distinctions. One is that all young patients should get germline genetic testing, given that there is a higher prevalence of pathogenic germline variants when you are diagnosed at a young age. And the second is what we've already talked about, which is that all young patients should be referred for counseling about fertility preservation prior to starting treatment. But otherwise, the chemotherapy regimens recommended, you know, surgery, radiation, all of that seems very similar to older patients. I will say that because most of our young patients with colorectal cancer are diagnosed with left-sided cancers, including rectal cancers, where some of the treatment may be morbid and result in lifelong complications, we do consider de-escalation of therapy and try to consider the long-term implications when it's safe to do so and won't compromise outcomes. The other concerning thing is that younger patients don't necessarily have a better prognosis than older patients. And multiple studies have shown this, that even though we both often treat younger patients more aggressively – they more often receive multi-agent chemotherapy, and more often undergo surgery and radiation – their survival is not necessarily correspondingly better than an older patient with colorectal cancer. So that suggests to us that maybe these cancers are indeed biologically different and perhaps more aggressive or perhaps less responsive to treatment. And so that is some of the focus of our research too, to understand what is actually different about these cancers and how they respond to treatment. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: It's such a paradox, isn't it, right? Because you just brought this to my mind. I guess on the one hand, our younger patients may be able to tolerate perhaps a greater amount of chemotherapy, targeted therapy, etc. But you're absolutely right. I mean, they do sort of have these lingering issues with side effects that may persist for much longer than the 80- or 90-year-old that we're treating in the clinic. I mean, these tend to be sort of lifelong consequences and sequelae that they're dealing with. So that really does evolve to be a challenge. You've kind of changed my mindset there a little bit. Dr. Kimmie Ng: Yeah, I do think survivorship issues and long-term complications of therapy do need to be considered, especially for a young person who we hope will live a very, very long time. And so part of the work that our Young-Onset Colorectal Cancer Center is doing, we are participating in a pilot navigation study where we navigate patients to survivorship earlier than we typically would, perhaps, for an older patient. And that's so we can get a head start on addressing some of those potential complications of therapy and hopefully mitigate them so that they don't become an issue long term. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: Do you think there's a role for de-escalation studies formally in these young populations of patients? Dr. Kimmie Ng: I think de-escalation studies are important overall, and specifically for locally advanced rectal cancer, which again is one of the most common types of colorectal cancer diagnosed in our young patients, there are certain populations that may be able to forgo the radiation treatment to the pelvis, for example, and there's more and more patients who now may become candidates for non-operative management where they may not necessarily need to have their rectal cancer surgically removed. And elimination potentially of both of those modalities of treatment can really avoid some of the most serious and morbid complications that often occur with these treatments. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: Really interesting. Now, this is not and will never be a political podcast, but you know, obviously we're dealing with the consequences of changes on funding and so forth that have evolved over time. And I think it's worth sort of speculating how the landscape of research may change on account of that. Could you comment perhaps a little bit on how some of the funding cuts that we've seen recently at the NIH might affect the body of work that you're so integrally involved in? Dr. Kimmie Ng: I am honestly very worried about the current funding environment. Colorectal cancer is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer among men and women in the United States and globally, and when you combine men and women together, the second leading cause of cancer death. But proportionally, we receive much less funding for colorectal cancer compared to other cancer types. And my thoughts have always been that perhaps this is because there is this stigma around colorectal cancer and maybe some of the symptoms associated with colorectal cancer. And so on top of that, to have additional challenges in obtaining funding, I worry what it will do to the pace of progress for especially young patients with this disease. Also, because of some new stipulations that perhaps international collaborations are being discouraged, I also worry about that aspect of it because young-onset colorectal cancer and gastrointestinal cancers in general is a global phenomenon happening in multiple countries around the world. And if we are to understand what the environmental factors are affecting the different rates of rise in these different countries, we do so much need that international collaboration. So yes, I am worried, and I do hope that conversations like this will spark an awareness of the need for more funding and continued funding into this disease. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: I will say that, and the audience can't see this because this is an audio program, but I'm wearing my Southwest Oncology shirt here, a SWOG, and it's one of the National Cancer Institute-funded cooperative groups. And you know, I was recently dismayed to find that, you know, funding got cut for international collaborations and enrollment in South America and Latin America. And this was traditionally actually a mainstay of our enrollment for many trials, including trials in rare cancers that present themselves in younger patients in the GU space. So, I completely agree with you. We've got to do something to address this funding issue to make sure that this body of work, both yours and mine, continues, without a doubt. Kimmie, this has been a delightful conversation. I really want to thank you for, you know, leading the charge in the young-onset colorectal cancer space, and you've done so much tremendous work here. Dr. Kimmie Ng: Thank you for having me. Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: If you value the insights that you hear on the ASCO Daily News Podcast, please rate, review, and subscribe wherever you get your podcasts. And again, thank you for joining us today. Disclaimer: The purpose of this podcast is to educate and to inform. This is not a substitute for professional medical care and is not intended for use in the diagnosis or treatment of individual conditions. Guests on this podcast express their own opinions, experience, and conclusions. Guest statements on the podcast do not express the opinions of ASCO. The mention of any product, service, organization, activity, or therapy should not be construed as an ASCO endorsement. Find out more about today's speakers: Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal @montypal Dr. Kimmie Ng @KimmieNgMD Follow ASCO on social media: @ASCO on Twitter ASCO on Bluesky ASCO on Facebook ASCO on LinkedIn Disclosures: Dr. Sumanta (Monty) Pal: Speakers' Bureau: MJH Life Sciences, IntrisiQ, Peerview Research Funding (Inst.): Exelixis, Merck, Osel, Genentech, Crispr Therapeutics, Adicet Bio, ArsenalBio, Xencor, Miyarsian Pharmaceutical Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: Crispr Therapeutics, Ipsen, Exelixis Dr. Kimmie Ng: Honoraria: Seagen, GlaxoSmithKline Consulting or Advisory Role: CytomX Therapeutics, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Revolution Medicines, Abbvie, Bayer, Pfizer, Agenus, Johnson & Johnson/Janssen, Etiome, AstraZeneca Research Funding (Inst.): Pharmavite, Janssen Other Relationship: JAMA
Hacer click aquí para enviar sus comentarios a este cuento.Juan David Betancur Fernandezelnarradororal@gmail.comEn las tierras de green wood donde los sauces lloraban sobre ríos de niebla había un reino donde la medición del tiempo había sido prohibida por decreto real ya que se decía que aquellos que median los meses y los anos perdían el interés en lo realmente importante. Su vida interna. En dicho reino los días se relacionaban solamente por el color del cielo al atardecer. Los mapas eran dibujados con tinta de luciérnaga para que solamente pudieran durar un corto tiempo y todo tuviera que ser descubierto de nuevo cada día ya que los caminos cambiaban de lugar según el humor de los arboles del bosque. Allí en aquel mundo vivía un joven llamado Sorin y tenía un tgrabajo muy importante. El era el escriba de la abadia y por ello debía siempre estar atento a todo lo que sucedia en la región y dentro de la abadia. Su oficio era copiar manuscritos en la abadía de San eustaquio, pero el alma de sorin tenía un secreto profundo. Dentro de si quería algo más que tinta y pergamino: deseaba cruzar el Umbral. El Umbral era una puerta de piedra negra, oculta en el bosque de los Susurros, que según las leyendas, conectaba el mundo visible con el Reino de las Verdades Olvidadas. Solo podía cruzarla quien respondiera correctamente al Guardián, una criatura que no era bestia ni hombre, sino una pregunta encarnada.Una noche de luna nueva, Sorin robó una lámpara de aceite y partió hacia el bosque. Tras horas de caminar entre árboles que murmuraban su nombre pudo finalmente llegar al lugar más oscuro y profundo del bosque y allí encontró el umbral. Era: una puerta de obsidiana flotante, sostenida por cadenas de luz líquida. Frente a ella, y allí frente a ella un ser extraño y misterioso El guardianl Guardián no tenía forma fija. Era una amalgama de máscaras flotantes, cada una representando una emoción humana. Su voz era como el eco de pensamientos no dichos. A veces parecía un anciano, otras veces un niño, y otras, una sombra sin rostro.. Todo era misterioso y cambiante a medida que cada una de las mascaras reemplazaba la anterior mientras las otras giraban sobre su cabeza como planetas alrededor del sol. —¿Qué buscas, escriba? —preguntó el Guardián, con voz que parecía venir de todas direcciones.—La verdad que se esconde tras las palabras —respondió sorin. Quiero conocer que se esconde detrás de cada una de las historias de los libros que copio. El guardián cambio de nuevo su mascara y dijo Qué es más real, lo que se recuerda o lo que nunca ocurrió pero se sueña cada noche?El joven Sorin recordó la frase que alguna vez su madre le dijo. La verdad eres tu y sus sueñosEl joven respondió. Lo que se sueña con fidelidad es más real que lo que se recuerda con duda.—Entonces dime: ¿qué pesa más, la mentira que salva una vida o la verdad que la condena?Elian dudó. recordó al abad, que decía que la verdad era luz, aunque quemara. Finalmente, respondió:—Pesa más la intención que la palabra. Una mentira que nace del amor es más liviana que una verdad que nace del orgullo.El Guardián se quitó una máscara: la de la duda. Y detrás, no había rostro, sino un espejo.sorin se vio a sí mismo, pero con ojos que no eran suyos: ojos antiguos, como si llevara siglos esperando ese momento.—Has respondido como quien ha vivido más de una vida —dijo el Guardián—. Puedes cruzar.Al cruzar,sorin no encontró oro ni monstruos, sino una biblioteca suspendida en el vacío, donde los libros flotaban como medusas en un océano infinito. Cada tomo tenía una cerradura que solo se abría con una emoción pura: un llanto sincero, una carcajada sin motivo, un miedo sin razón aparent
En este episodio, Javier Sierra nos invita a adentrarnos en una de las creencias más profundas y desconcertantes del budismo tibetano: la reencarnación consciente. A raíz de un reciente y revelador mensaje del Dalai Lama, quien asegura estar preparado para morir y volver a la vida en forma de niño o niña en cualquier rincón del planeta, el programa explora el complejo y milenario proceso de sucesión espiritual conocido como tulku. Desde la “pequeña Lhasa” en el Himalaya indio, Sierra y Carlos analizan cómo esta tradición ha sido fuente de tensiones entre el Tíbet y China durante siglos, y revelan los métodos insólitos con los que se elige al nuevo Lama: señales celestes, sueños proféticos, objetos reconocidos por niños, e incluso hongos que crecen en columnas funerarias. Todo en un contexto donde la espiritualidad se mezcla con la geopolítica. También se recuerda la historia del niño español Osel, considerado en los años 80 como la reencarnación de un lama tibetano, y se analizan casos investigados por la ciencia, como los del doctor Ian Stevenson, que estudió a miles de niños que afirmaban recordar vidas pasadas. Una travesía entre lo místico, lo político y lo científico, que nos lleva a preguntarnos: ¿y si esta vida no fuera la primera... ni la última? https://www.edenex.es
Piše Miša Gams, bereta Eva Longyka Marušič in Igor Velše. Po pesniškemu prvencu Dve zimi je Primož Čučnik, ki ga poznamo tudi kot kritika, esejista, urednika in kolumnista, izdal še dvanajst pesniških zbirk, zbirko kolumen Promet s knjigo, knjigo kritik in esejev z naslovom Delo in Dom – za katero je leta 2008 prejel nagrado Prešernovega sklada, roman Otročjost, napisanim iz vidika otroka, pred kratkim pa esejistično obarvan literarni “kolaž” Osel in senca, ki poleg razmišljanja o urbanem in ruralnem, preteklem in sedanjem, svetlobi in sencah spretno umešča avtorjev poetični pečat in ga preplete v dinamičen konglomerat s filozofskimi fragmenti in kratko prozo. Glavni junak, ki s prijateljem na dolenjskem podeželju obnavlja star družinski skedenj, s katerim ga vežejo spomini na otroštvo, v nekem trenutku prepusti vajeti lastnemu nezavednemu, da vanj prodrejo mitemi iz življenja staršev in starih staršev, ter tako starinskim pojmom in predmetom, ki jih najde v nastajajoči hiši, omogoči, da povejo svojo zgodbo. Hišo v hiši primerja s starogrškim panteonom, v katerem ugleda slepega očeta Ojdipa, jokavo Jokasto in antifašistično Antigono. Ti predstavljajo eksistencialne temelje za groteskno evropsko podrtijo, ki je bila v zgodovini že večkrat porušena. Obenem pa ob delu v skednju občuti in dojame številna življenjska, fenomenološka in ontološka protislovja: “Skedenj je stal in nikomur pisal. // Skedenj je protislovje. / S smrtjo ni nikomur lahko, / niti živim / niti živim. // Stranske vloge brez besedila. / Viže brez teksta. // Tomažek. // Ni pomembno, kako počasi greš, / dokler se ne ustaviš. // Konfucij.” Sebe in svojega delovnega sotrpina imenuje Pi Ču in Li Baj ter vzpostavi podobnost med Don Kihotom in Sančom Panso, le da ju vidi kot aktivna udeleženca, ki z združevanjem idealizma in realizma, pragmatičnosti in poezije, uspešno vzdržujeta ravnotežje pri vsakdanjih delovnih izzivih. S to razliko, da jima v tej mitološko-zenovski strukturi najbolj umanjka prav osel, ki velja za najbolj trpežno, neustrašno, pridno, zvesto, a hkrati neupogljivo in trmasto žival: “Kdor je sam svoj gospodar in svobodnega duha, v hišo pripelje osla, ne psa. Ko je pri hiši osel, ni nikogar blizu, tatovi pa se na daleč izognejo tej hiši. Vsak se boji prerekati z oslom, ko ga ta zabodeno pogleda, še največji pogumnež stisne rep med noge.” V neki drugi zgodbi nadaljuje razvijanje te misli: “Predstavljajte si trmastega osla, ki vas vztrajno ignorira in se niti za noht ne premakne, tudi če ga žgečkate in mu pripovedujete o korenčkovem raju, ki ga čaka zunaj – kaj vse zamuja s poležavanjem po hiši. Predstavljajte si osla brez čuta za domišljijo, ki bi ga nemudoma osrečila. Mislim, da noben osel ne pade daleč od svojega gospodarja. Če drži, da se osel ne cmeri in ne pokaže čustev, pa se zmotno verjame, da je brezčutna žival. Osli so zadržana in molčeča bitja, ki svojih tegob ne razlagajo vsemu svetu. Ampak kako naj vemo, kako se počuti osel, ko je sam?” Pri branju knjige Osel in senca bralec dobi občutek, kot da Čučnik skupaj s skednjem gradi tudi knjigo. Po kompaktnem in uravnoteženem prologu, v katerem se z obujanjem obredov, za katere se zdi, da so v večji meri že izumrli, poglobi v svoje otroštvo, nanaša plast za plastjo odtenke svoje subtilne poezije ter jo utrdi z opombami in ciklom Dom se premika. Sledi mu izviren Seznam stvari, ki so bodisi nujno potrebni bodisi jih v življenju ne bo pogrešal. Osrednji del knjige predstavlja pesniški cikel z naslovom Skedenj (obrnjen na glavo), posvečen predlani umrlemu Tomažu Skulju. V njem prodira v osnove poezije in filozofije ter jih bogati z refleksijami in dvogovorom o življenju, smrti in ponovni gradnji. Prosti pesniški verzi odstopajo prostor poeziji v prozi, dokler v sklopu Hiša v hiši s serijo kratkih zgodb – ki si sledijo po abecedi – dokončno ne opusti vseh oblik poezije. Z epilogom postavi streho na svojo umetniško gradnjo – analizira vzroke, dileme, filozofska vprašanja in paradokse, ki se mu porajajo med obnovo skednja. Med drugim se pomudi tudi pri podobnostih in razlikah med umetniškim delom in hišo: “Umetniško delo hoče ljudi iztrgati iz udobja. Hiša mora služiti udobju. Umetniško delo je revolucionarno, hiša konzervativna. Umetniško delo kaže človeštvu nove poti in misli na prihodnost. Hiša misli na sedanjost. Človek ljubi vse, kar služi njegovemu udobju. Sovraži vse, kar ga hoče iztrgati iz pridobljenega in zavarovanega položaja in kar ga obremenjuje. In tako ljubi hišo in sovraži umetnost.” Kljub preprostim in razumljivim razlagam pa je Čučnikov jezik v knjigi Osel in senca rahlo zbadljiv, ironičen in duhovit, prežet na eni strani s postmodernistično dialektiko in podeželskim pragmatizmom, na drugi pa s kitajskim taoizmom in zen budizmom. Pesmi, za katere se zdi, da iz avtorjevega nezavednega spontano kapljajo po načelu bežnih asociacij, vzpostavljajo bližnjice do vzporednih zgodb in krepijo fantazijski svet, ki se nam ob osvetljevanju različnih plasti skednja vsakič razpira na nov način. Skedenj je tako prispodoba za temačno kolektivno nezavedno, kamor redkokdaj zaide sončni žarek, majhna tradicionalna okna pa nudijo le omejen pogled v svet – pa vendar predmeti, ki se znajdejo v njem, nastopajo kot neke vrste šamanistični obredni totemi in obenem kot simbolne metafore. Tudi na glavo postavljena risba skednja na naslovnici, nas opozarja, da stvari niso takšne, kot so videti na prvi pogled. Brati jih moramo namreč kot rebus, pesniški koan ali nelogični paradoks, da se prebijemo do njihove biti. In Primožu Čučniku tovrstni poizkusi kar dobro uspevajo, saj v celotni knjigi Osel in senca ostaja na križišču med realnim, imaginarnim in simbolnim, s pomembnim sporočilom o vrednosti solidarnega dela, družinskega izročila in prijateljstva.
Primož Čučnik: Osel in senca, Mateja Gomboc: Zavladati vetru, Manca G. Renko: Živalsko mesto. Recenzije so napisale Miša Gams, Majda Travnik Vode in Leonora Flis.
Fiscalía de Venezuela pedirá circular roja contra Álvaro UribeNicolás Petro pide que Ricardo Roa, presidente de Ecopetrol, sea testigo en su casoNo hay manera de seguir con el proceso de Komodo 1La cumbre de Petro y su equipo El anuncio de Nicolás Maduro sobre Puerto RicoProcuraduría rechazó recusación de Leyva por sanción de 10 añosEl ataque de pinturita contra Maria Corina MachadoPetro no irá a Suiza a Cumbre de Davos
"Mi juguete soñado" ¿Cuál fue ese juguete por el que morías cuando eras niñx? Con este, damos inicio a los programas navideñosEl tema del día: “Mi juguete soñado”¡Acompáñanos por TRC Radio!
Učeni osel je ljudska pravljica, ki jo je povedala knjižničarka Bernarda potočnik
Charlamos con el autor y director de "Protocolo del Quebranto" obra inspirada en testimonios reales, que se presenta como parte de la programación internacional de Teatro El Galpón. "Protocolo del Quebranto" es un espectáculo que surge bajo el propósito de llevar a escena los motivos y consecuencias de las guerras y los conflictos. ¿Es el abuso de poder inherente a la condición humana? Se busca explorar fronteras de conceptos como poder, justicia y moralidad para analizar las relaciones humanas vistas desde la perspectiva de la necesidad de supervivencia. En un mundo dividido entre amigos y enemigos, aliados y rivales ¿Se puede ser neutral? Crezk, de origen y bandera desconocida, persigue los territorios en los que sucede la guerra. Porta un armatoste itinerante al que llama Osel, donde vive y esconde pólvora y pequeña munición con la que trapichea, sin importarle quién es amigo y quién enemigo. Vive atrincherada con él Nadia, una mujer extraña, casi monstruosa. Su relación roza cualquier síndrome conocido; se necesitan y se repelen. Una noche, el errante dueño de Osel, mientras recorre el laberinto que supone la guerra, encuentra un hombre malherido. Crezk le auxilia, sin ningún ánimo de buen samaritano, ya que intuye en él un siervo para su reino. Pero pronto descubre que no es la búsqueda de pólvora lo que le ha llevado hasta Osel. Lo que empezó siendo una acogida se convierte en una invasión...y puede que en una guerra por la supervivencia. Elenco: Marta Viera, Mingo Ruano, Luifer Rodríguez. Jueves 24 y viernes 25 de octubre a las 21:00 horas en la Sala Campodónico. Entradas en venta por RedTickets.
Kako je majhna žaba osla odvadila večnega napihovanja … Pripoveduje: Tone Gogala. Napisal: Phillip Manderson Sherlock. Prevedla: Boža Novak. Posneto v studiih Radiotelevizije Ljubljana 1976.
PC y SS de Chiapas ponen en un refugio a 107 habitantes de Chenalhó Sentenciada a 75 años de prisión Ivonne Segundo Glz por desaparición de niño de 4 añosEl papa Francisco pidió que los Juegos Olímpicos de París, “sean mensajeros de paz“Más información en nuestro podcast
Než Evropané poznali tučnáky žijící v Antarktidě, setkali se s tučňáky brýlovými. Možná tomu neuvěříte, ale ti se vyskytují v teplé Africe! Další díly podcastu najdete na webu Rádia Junior a v mobilní aplikaci Rádia Junior.Všechny díly podcastu Zvídavec Evy Sinkovičové můžete pohodlně poslouchat v mobilní aplikaci mujRozhlas pro Android a iOS nebo na webu mujRozhlas.cz.
Říká mu Osel. Překlad anglického slova „ass“ by se dal vyřešit peprněji, třeba s odkazem na hýždě, ale oslovství je pro naše téma důležitější. Britsko-americký spisovatel s indickými kořeny Salman Rushdie k tomuhle výrazu došel zkracováním slov „assassin“ nebo „assailant“, vrah či útočník.
En Fin de Semana recibimos a Dulce Pontes, cuya carrera musical arrancó hace 35 añosEl nombre de Dulce Pontes es sinónimo de música. Música portuguesa. Aunque no le gusta ser calificada así, muchos la consideran la reina del 'fado', la expresión más internacional de la música lusa. La relación de Dulce con el arte empezó hace 35 años - a sus 20- y ha pasado por los micrófonos de Fin de Semana. A lo largo de la conversación, Dulce ha recordado a su madre, que está enferma: "Mi madre no está bien. No es fácil. Pero es parte de la vida. Pensar en lo bueno que se vivió". A sus 55 años, Dulce vive día a día, "planeando mi vida de una forma diferente. No saliendo tanto, no estar siempre corriendo de un lado a otro. Haciendo las cosas más despacito. Ofrecer tiempo de calidad a mis hijos, acompañarlos en sus estudios y darme tiempo a mí misma (...) Madrid es la ciudad donde más veces canté. ¿Y qué conozco de Madrid? Muy poco. ¡He estado solo una vez en el Prado!" compartía. "El tiempo se va. Y no quiero arrepentirme en el momento en que me vaya, que no sé cuándo será. Quiero poder disfrutar la vida de otra manera". Pasión, arte, bohemia....
Říká mu Osel. Překlad anglického slova „ass“ by se dal vyřešit peprněji, třeba s odkazem na hýždě, ale oslovství je pro naše téma důležitější. Britsko-americký spisovatel s indickými kořeny Salman Rushdie k tomuhle výrazu došel zkracováním slov „assassin“ nebo „assailant“, vrah či útočník.Všechny díly podcastu Názory a argumenty můžete pohodlně poslouchat v mobilní aplikaci mujRozhlas pro Android a iOS nebo na webu mujRozhlas.cz.
Sosed, ki ga Nesrudin ni preveč maral, je prišel nekega večera na obisk. Prišel je z namenom, da Nesrudina poprosi, da mu posodi osla. Potreboval ga je, da bi nekaj pretovoril na njivo ob koncu vasi. Nesrudinu je bil sosed tako zoprn, da mu nikakor ni želel posoditi osla. Rekel mu je: »Z veseljem bi ti posodil svojega osla, ampak ravno včeraj je prišel k meni brat iz sosednje vasi in si ga je sposodil, da bi pretovoril nekaj pšenice v bližnji mlin. Žal osla ni tukaj.« Sosed je bil razočaran, saj mu je to prekrižalo načrte. Vseeno pa se je prijazno zahvalil Nesrudinu in se obrnil, da bi odšel. Ko je naredil le nekaj korakov stran, je iz hleva zaslišal oslovo riganje. Nekoliko zmeden se je obrnil k Nesrudinu in ga vprašal: »Sosed, mar mi nisi rekel, da osla ni tukaj?« Nesrudin pa se je ozrl k sosedu in mu odvrnil: »Prijatelj, komu boš vendar verjel? Meni ali oslu?« Ljudje imajo zelo močno sposobnost, da se o nečem prepričajo, rečemo celo, da nekdo tako laže, da samemu sebi verjame. Živimo tudi v obdobju lažnivih novic, ki nam ne dajejo gotovosti, ampak ima vsak izmed nas nalogo, da prebira zrno od plevela. To nam jemlje precej moči in pozornosti, ki bi jo sicer lahko namenili čemu drugemu. Vendar je pomembno, da postavimo predse filter, ki ne spusti kar vsakega plevela skozi. Vseeno pa je dobro, če znamo tudi v novicah, ki pridejo do nas, odkriti plati, ki nam sprva niso čisto razvidne. Morda novica z bombastičnim naslovom v sebi skriva tudi kaj dobrega, če smo to pripravljeni videti. Tako se je tudi v Nesrudinovem kraju razširila razburljiva vest, da se je njegov osel izgubil. Ko so za to novico izvedeli Nesrudinovi sosedi, so se razžalostili. Odpravili so se k našemu učenjaku na dom, da bi mu pomagali poiskati dragocenega osla. Ko pa so prispeli pred hišo, so zagledali Nesrudina, kako se veseli in zahvaljuje Bogu. Vprašali so ga: »Učenjak, mar nisi žalosten, ker se je tvoj osel izgubil?« Nesrudin pa se je le nasmejal in jim rekel: »Pravzaprav sem vesel, da mi je Bog pomagal, da nisem jezdil osla, sicer bi se z njim izgubil še sam!«
Neki človek je imel osla in konja. Ko so bili ...Iz knjige Zgodbe kažejo novo pot, ki je izšla v zbirki Zgodbe za dušo pri založbi Ognjišče.
Na květnou (nebo také palmovou) neděli si náš pastor, David Živor, připravil kázání o oslu a králi. O velkolepém, satirickém, víru burcujícím příjezdu Ježíše do Jeruzaléma. Davy jásaly a volaly hosana (prosím pomoz). Jak to do sebe všechno zapadá? Poslechněte si inspirativní kázání a napište nám, jak na Vás zapůsobilo. #evangelium #Marek #spolu #spolecne #Jezis #bohosluzba #pochodenpraha #Velikonoce #kvetnanedele #palmovanedele #hosana #osel #kral — Více informací o nás a další zdroje pro následování Ježíše najdete na našem webu: https://pochoden-praha.cz S jakýmkoliv dotazem nás neváhejte kontaktovat: info@pochoden-praha.cz https://linktr.ee/PochodenPraha https://facebook.com/Pochod.Praha https://instagram.com/PochodenPraha https://twitter.com/PochodenPraha
Lidi většinou láká významnost, ohodnocení, obdiv. Ale ty nejdůležitější věci na světě často dělají lidé, které nikdo nezná a žádnou popularitu nemají. Právě to připomíná ve svátečním slově Jiří Bartík, pastor Apoštolské církve.
Nekoč je bil osel, ki je na hrbtu nosil kip ...Iz knjige Zgodbe kažejo novo pot, ki je izšla v zbirki Zgodbe za dušo pri založbi Ognjišče.
V 4. epizodi oddaje “Radio Gaga - nova generacija nas bo pozdravil novi koordinator programa Luka Mesec skupaj s svojimi volilciu iz mesta in vasi. Vesna Milek bo s Slavojem Žižkom iskala orožje za kulturni boj proti Rusiji, Miran Ališič pa bo po Ljubljani iskal tuje zvezdnike. Aktiven teden je za našim premierjem Robertom Golobom, ki je obiskal Slovenski Vesoljski Center na štajerskem in stavbo na Litijski z novim pravosodnim ministrom Beanom. Oglasi, reporter Gustav Muller in še vsaj 5 stvari v petek dopoldan na Prvem programu.
Oddajo Radio Ga Ga - nova generacija je prevzel prvi elektro vitez te države, Robert Golob. Stroka si je enotna - oddajo je potrebno dvigniti na najvišjo možno raven. Pridružila se mu bo Tanja Fajon, ki pa tako, kot v koaliciji, morda ne bo ostala do konca. Uroš Slak bo s predsedniki svetovnih velesil in domačimi športnimi legendami analiziral navijaški incident Viol v Prekmurju. Bo Zahović predriblal Putina? Kako igra v obrambi Erdogan? Kdo se je naselil v stavbo na Litijski? Zakaj je Kanglerjev osel Rožmarin novi obraz umetne inteligence? Vse to in še kaj piše v novi knjigi Branka Grimsa, izveste v novi epizodi.
Duhovita zgodba pripoveduje o deklici Lidiji, ki se je s starši preselila na kmetijo in si zelo želi imeti kakšno žival. Oče ji nekega dne kupi osla, kar sproži zanimivo dogajanje v družini in na kmetiji. Režiserka: Rosanda Sajko Dramaturg: Ervin Fritz Tonska mojstrica: Metka Rojc Pripovedovalec - Janez Albreht Lidija - Tina Smrekar Mama - Mojca Ribič Oče - Brane Ivanc Oslica - Nada Bavdaž Osliček - Maja Končar Veterinar - Tone Homar Uredništvo igranega programa Posneto v studiih Radia Ljubljana novembra 1987.
První lednové vydání magazínu Máme rádi zvířata je vzpomínkové. Do výběru nejlepších reportáží loňského roku se dostala například výprava za sokolími mláďaty na komín českobudějovické teplárny. Také připomeneme návštěvu chovatelky teddy králíků, kteří pomáhají dětem s psychickými problémy, kočku birmu posvátnou, která se kamarádí se špringršpanělem, a osla, který dokáže ochránit stádo ovcí před vlky. K poslechu zve Jitka Cibulová Vokatá.Všechny díly podcastu Máme rádi zvířata můžete pohodlně poslouchat v mobilní aplikaci mujRozhlas pro Android a iOS nebo na webu mujRozhlas.cz.
Pracovníci Státního zámku Opočno připravují areál na Vánoce. Návštěvníkům znovu nabídnou betlém vyrobený ze sena, podívat se na něj jdu s pracovnicí zámku Andreou Seidlovou. Pět velkých postav, malé Jezulátko a zvíře jsou zatím v zázemí zámku.
¡Vótame en los Premios iVoox 2023! Osel Hita Torres, conocido como el "Niño Lama de Granada", es un personaje fascinante. Fue identificado en la infancia como la reencarnación del lama tibetano Lama Yeshe, lo que lo llevó a una vida de estudios budistas intensivos. Sin embargo, al crecer, optó por una vida más convencional. Osel representa una mezcla única de culturas orientales y occidentales, y su historia cuestiona las expectativas tradicionales y la autodeterminación. Escucha el episodio completo en la app de iVoox, o descubre todo el catálogo de iVoox Originals
Links My Contact Info and explore amazing resources: https://linqapp.com/raulavila Book Meeting with Me: https://calendly.com/raulavila YouTube: Http://www.youtube.com/coachellacoach Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/raulavila777/ Personal Story Raul and Noemi Our Personal Story - http://youtu.be/N9zHyFcOK_s Raul Surprises Noemi With The Power Builder - http://youtu.be/qZgeJ-cBoBM Raul & Noemi Hole in shoe - https://youtu.be/ihVFy2IixxU Primerica SNSD Mical Pyeatt - Personal Testimony - http://youtu.be/OSeL_gp-Hzo The Crusade of My Company The Primerica Story - The Origins of an AMAZING COMPANY - Part 1 - https://youtu.be/B-CEo86BeTU Part 2 - https://youtu.be/voRVyWQh350 Part 3 - https://youtu.be/C3MuW3cejig Kingdom Men Bible Study Friday's at 1pm PACIFIC Zoom Meeting Link: Join Zoom Meeting https://us02web.zoom.us/j/7608993893 (Passcode: multiply) Meeting ID: 760 899 3893 Passcode: multiply Join our Telegram Chat: https://t.me/+eYWK8j6SU0wzZDBh Youtube Playlist of Past Meetings: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLb8-5qZDAm36LRcSunBclo6zTHnHfpW1J Band Of Brothers Bootcamps SIGN UP HERE: https://www.socalbootcampdetails.com Based on the book: “Wild at Heart” - John Eldridge Video about: https://youtu.be/WlafAJcAjng
Raul Avila, NSD with Primerica: https://linqapp.com/avila777 Personal Story Raul and Noemi Our Personal Story - http://youtu.be/N9zHyFcOK_s Raul Surprises Noemi With The Power Builder - http://youtu.be/qZgeJ-cBoBM Raul & Noemi Hole in shoe - https://youtu.be/ihVFy2IixxU Primerica SNSD Mical Pyeatt - Personal Testimony - http://youtu.be/OSeL_gp-Hzo
Osel poitouský je nejmohutnějším plemenem domácího osla. Svými rozměry předčí mnohá plemena koní.Všechny díly podcastu Máme rádi zvířata můžete pohodlně poslouchat v mobilní aplikaci mujRozhlas pro Android a iOS nebo na webu mujRozhlas.cz.
Xavier Vidal reseña sin spoilers series españolas de estreno. ¡Gracias por darle al play! Guía del programa: 0' Presentación - 2' El hijo zurdo y Poquita fe- 7' La unidad Kabul, Tú también lo harías y El silencio - 13' Especial True Crime: Zero, Supergarcía, Narcas, Pacto de silencio, Osel, Se busca millonario, 548 días: Captada por una secta, En el nombre de ellas, Las últimas horas de Mario Biondo, La vida Bárbara y Juan Carlos: La caída del Rey - 39' Despedida Redes sociales: @CinoscaRarities Blog: https://cachecine.blogspot.com.es/ Correo: cinoscararities@gmail.com Escúchanos en Spotify, Ivoox y Apple Podcast ¡Buscamos colaboradores! ¡Contacta con nosotros!
Povsod puščamo sledi, tudi na spletu in v našem avdioarhivu! Spraševali smo, kaj pomeni: kjer osel leži, tam dlako pusti.
V oddaji Kulturni fokus nas bo tokrat zanimalo, kakšna približno so merila za pravo ravnanje človeka v stvarstvu, v družbi z drugimi živimi bitji. Morda Biblija nudi kake konkretne podlage v obliki napotkov, vsaj v odnosu do živali, saj je človek njihov gospodar in varuh? Ali razloge za legalizacijo človekocentričnosti lahko iščemo tudi v svetih spisih? Z živalmi so povezani tudi arhetipi, motivi in simboli, mnogokrat medkulturno posredovani in univerzalni, vendar skozi različne mitologije kažejo tudi protislovne plati. Znaimivo je, da imamo pri nas naprimer osla za tumpasto in trmasto žival, ki nam lahko povzroči mnogo problemov in zamud, vendar ga prejšnje tradicije, tudi zametki krščanstva, vidijo povsem drugače. Osel ima kopico dobrih lastnosti; ima dober vid in sluh, plenilce zaznava veliko prej, kot druge živali in človek. Za razliko od ovc, ki bi si morda tudi želele takih lastnosti, je manj vodljiv, ima pa zato boljšo orientacijo. Gost oddaje je teolog in zgodovinar, dr. Samo Skralovnik, docent pri Katedri za Sveto pismo in judovstvo na Teološki fakulteti Univerze v Ljubljani. Od leta 2015 deluje v uredniškem odboru revije Edinost in dialog, recenzirane znanstvene revije Inštituta Stanka Janežiča, od leta 2021 je njen glavni in odgovorni urednik.
Programa de fórmula musical y participación del oyente. En la segunda hora hablamos de cine con Héctor del podcast "Los Tres Amigos" Hablamos de los estrenos de la semana y de cine en general. #AsteroidCity #WesAnderson #Jason Schwartzman #ScarlettJohansson #TomHanks #Flash #AndyMuschietti #EzraMiller #BenAffleck #MichaelKeaton #OperaciónKandahar #GerardButler #RicRomanWaugh #TylerRake2 #Extraction2 #ChrisHemsworth #StanLee #Netflx #Disney+ #Filmin #Movistar+ #Pearl #TiWest #MiaGoth #TengoSueñosEléctricos #MaribelVerdú Ya sabéis, ¡Escuchad y opinad! También nos podéis encontrar aquí: Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/52i1iqZ56ACal18GPkCxiW Apple Podcasts: https://podcasts.apple.com/es/podcast/los-tres-amigos/id1198252523 Google Podcasts: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL2ZlZWRzLmZlZWRidXJuZXIuY29tL2l2b294L3VOeGo Amazon Music: https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/e0b56d4f-4537-47e0-a252-9dfe56b5a490/los-tres-amigos Grupo de Telegram: https://t.me/LosTresAmigos https://www.facebook.com/LosTresAmigosPodcast/ Twitter: @tresamigospod Instagram: lostresamigospodcast Letterbox: https://letterboxd.com/LosTresAmigos/ blog: https://lostresamigos.wordpress.com
Francis Rosas y Sunshine Logroño llegan a un “acuerdo privado” tras demanda por dañosEl pleito legal que comenzaron los productores Sunshine Logroño y Gilda Santini tras demandar al comediante Francis Rosas Flores por daños sufridos por incumplir su contrato al renunciar del programa El Remix de Wapa TV para prestar sus servicios como talento en Teleonce fue archivado luego de que ambas partes llegaran a un acuerdo.La jueza del Tribunal de Primera Instancia de San Juan, Yanay Pagán Ramos, ordenó el pasado 25 de abril el archivo “con perjuicio” la demanda radicada por las empresas Producciones Sanco Inc. y Miranda LS contra Rosas N' Pitbull Entertainment LLC., Francis D. Rosas Flores y Aseguradoras ABC tras los abogados de Logroño y Santini informar en un aviso de desistimiento que ambas partes llegaron a “un acuerdo transaccional, privado y de naturaleza confidencial, en el mes de octubre de 2022″.Inf. https://www.primerahora.com/entretenimiento/cine-tv/notas/francis-rosas-y-sunshine-logrono-llegan-a-un-acuerdo-privado-tras-demanda-por-danos/?cx_testId=3&cx_testVariant=cx_1&cx_artPos=1#cxrecs_s#FrancisRosa #Sunshine Demanda
Osel, volk in lisica je blogarska ljudska pravljica. Pravljico je povedala Ana Marija Miklavčič.
Osel Emil je nesrečno zrl v svoje štrleče uho. Hudo mu je bilo, ker je bil njegov levi uhelj lepo povešen, desni pa je štrlel nekam po svoje v zrak. Na vsak način je želel izvedeti zakaj je tako, skrbelo ga je kaj je narobe. Iskal je tolažbo, njegovi prijatelji prav tako. Modra miš je odprla Sveto pismo …
Osel Emil je nesrečno zrl v svoje štrleče uho. Hudo mu je bilo, ker je bil njegov levi uhelj lepo povešen, desni pa je štrlel nekam po svoje v zrak. Na vsak način je želel izvedeti zakaj je tako, skrbelo ga je kaj je narobe. Iskal je tolažbo, njegovi prijatelji prav tako. Modra miš je odprla Sveto pismo …
Nueva entrega del podcast ‘Plata o Plomo: El Mundo en Series’, de Ana Pastor y Fernando Berlín. Series, actualidad y política se dan cita cada viernes en Newtral y La Cafetera. En este programa, hablamos sobre Osel, la serie documental que emite HBO Max. Osel cuenta la historia que conmocionó al mundo entero en 1986, cuando un niño de poco más de un año fue arrancado de su familia al ser reconocido como la reencarnación de uno de los primeros maestros tibetanos que trajeron el budismo a occidente. Ahora, con 37 años Osel ha contado cómo ha sido su vida desde que con tan solo 14 meses se lo llevasen de España a vivir a la India sin sus padres. En Newtral somos periodismo, tecnología y datos. Contamos historias que importan, desmentimos noticias falsas y hacemos fact-checking. Síguenos en redes:
Orthopedic devices may qualify as medical devices, but they have very different regulatory requirements. So different that the FDA created a new office to manage orthopedic devices - the Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories (OSEL) - and ensure their safety and efficacy. OSEL was created to accelerate patient access to innovative devices, as was the Orthopedic Devices Program. In this podcast, Michelle walks through the important work that OSEL is doing and the regulatory specifics you need to know when preparing the submission for your orthopedic device.
Orthopedic devices may qualify as medical devices, but they have very different regulatory requirements. So different that the FDA created a new office to manage orthopedic devices - the Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories (OSEL) - and ensure their safety and efficacy. OSEL was created to accelerate patient access to innovative devices, as was the Orthopedic Devices Program. In this podcast, Michelle walks through the important work that OSEL is doing and the regulatory specifics you need to know when preparing the submission for your orthopedic device.
En el Comando N, con Nacho Carretero y Nuño Domínguez, hablamos con Osel Hita, "el niño lama español", que ha reaparecido para contar su vida en una serie documental, 'Osel', que se estrena este jueves en HBO Max. También charlamos con María Retuerto, del Instituto de Catálisis y Petroquímica, sobre el papel del hidrógeno verde en el futuro energético.
El Comando N, con Nacho Carretero y Nuño Domínguez charlan con El niño Lama antes de la presentación del documental que cuenta su historia "Osel". y hablamos del hidrógeno verde. Los cambios en Twitter protagonizan nuestra sección de Tecnología con Jaime García Cantero. Martín Bianchi nos habla de la gastroenteritis que ha afectado a los miembros de la realeza española esta semana.
En 1985 nació en las Alpujarras Osel Hita, conocido como ·el niño lama español·. Entronizado desde bebé, fue criado y educado lejos de su familia, en la disciplina de un monasterio budista. Lo pasó tan mal que al cumplir los 18 años decidió romper con el papel que le habían reservado sus maestros y buscar su propio camino. Su rastro se perdió en el anonimato hasta hoy. Con 37 años, reaparece contando su historia en un documental, 'Osel', dirigido por Lucas Figueroa. En una entrevista en 'Hoy por Hoy', Osel Hita ha explicado que reaparece porque "creo que estoy preparado para compartir lo que he vivido y que la gente lo entienda".
En 1985 nació en las Alpujarras Osel Hita, conocido como ·el niño lama español·. Entronizado desde bebé, fue criado y educado lejos de su familia, en la disciplina de un monasterio budista. Lo pasó tan mal que al cumplir los 18 años decidió romper con el papel que le habían reservado sus maestros y buscar su propio camino. Su rastro se perdió en el anonimato hasta hoy. Con 37 años, reaparece contando su historia en un documental, 'Osel', dirigido por Lucas Figueroa. En una entrevista en 'Hoy por Hoy', Osel Hita ha explicado que reaparece porque "creo que estoy preparado para compartir lo que he vivido y que la gente lo entienda".
En el Comando N, con Nacho Carretero y Nuño Domínguez, hablamos con Osel Hita, "el niño lama español", que ha reaparecido para contar su vida en una serie documental, 'Osel', que se estrena este jueves en HBO Max. También charlamos con María Retuerto, del Instituto de Catálisis y Petroquímica, sobre el papel del hidrógeno verde en el futuro energético.
Glándula Pineal y Budismo En el caso del budismo tibetano, son 49 días también, los que se suele mantener el luto. El cual consiste, entre otras cosas, en rezarle a los muertos oraciones y mantras, del Libro tibetano de los muertos. Bajo la creencia, de que el compuesto psíquico, de la persona fallecida, vaga por el mundo intermedio, denominado “el bardo”. En búsqueda de la liberación, que encuentra su vehículo, en la Luz Clara, llamada Osel, una luz que es la conciencia misma. Se cree que las oraciones, pueden servirle como una guía, para unirse con esta luz, que es la realidad, más allá de la ilusión del samsara, o el ciclo de muerte y renacimiento. Hay que mencionar, que para el budismo, lo que «reencarna» no es un alma, como la conocemos en la teología cristiana. Sino un componente psíquico, o un agregado de la mente, que existe solamente, hasta que sus acciones o karmas, hayan cumplido con su cadena, de causas y efectos. René, Guénon, incluso sugiere, que la idea de la reencarnación, es una invención moderna.. Advirtamos la cronología…
Tseyang Osel is a Buddhist yogini who has spent most of her twenties in solitary retreat in remote mountain areas. Recorded in Tang Valley, Bhutan. Tseyang tells the story of her childhood, the beginning of the inspiration to become a yogini, and her attraction to solitary retreat. Tseyang details the practicalities as well as the dangers of spending months in the remote mountains, and the unique challenges of being a female practitioner in today's world. Tseyang also discusses her love of Vajrayogini practice, the effect of kye-rim naljor on the subtle body channels, themes of devotion and attachment, and gives her heart advice to those who wish to practice well. … Video version: Also available on Youtube, iTunes, & Spotify – search ‘Guru Viking Podcast'. … Topics include: 00:00 - Intro 00:47 - Tseyang's childhood and upbringing 04:25 - The desire to become a mountain practitioner 06:35 - Searching for female inspirations 12:07 - Solitary retreats and attraction to remote mountain areas 16:05 - Special qualities of mountain retreats 20:25 - Food and provisions on remote retreats 23:28 - Challenges and dangers in the mountains 29:07 - Five elements practice as sustenance 30:43 - Nomad encounters 32:30 - Vajrayogini practice 36:51 -Generation stage and the subtle body 39:33 - Tendrel and devotion 41:34 - Skill in practice 42:37 - Being a female practitioner 44:40 - Long hair and attachment 51:59 - Wearing religious robes 53:51 - Advice to male and female practitioners 59:51 - Tseyang's upcoming mountain retreat 01:01:20 - What inspires Tseyang's practice … For more interviews, videos, and more visit: - www.guruviking.com Music ‘Deva Dasi' by Steve James
El consumo de cannabis y el sentirse bien han ido de la mano durante siglos. Por esta razón, cuando la pandemia global ayudó a que los productos de wellness se convirtieran en algunos de los bienes de consumo de más rápido crecimiento a escala mundial, los operadores de cannabis vieron una oportunidad comercial de oro.Pero comercializar productos de cannabis para consumidores wellness no es tan simple como envolver los mismos productos en colores pastel.Y los comercializadores de cannabis que buscan nuevos consumidores deben tener cuidado de no alienar a los usuarios de marihuana tradicionales que podrían encontrar desagradable cuando sus marcas favoritas parecen maquillar su imagen convencional para perseguir ventas en el wellnessEs un equilibrio complicado, pero que puede pagar grandes dividendos.Se estimó que el sector de la salud y el bienestar tuvo un valor aproximado de 1,5 billones de dólares el año pasado y se prevé que crezca entre un 5% y un 10% anual, según la consultora de gestión global McKinsey & Co. La empresa descubrió que los compradores preocupados por el bienestar están buscando productos que son:NaturalesLimpiosDiseñado para mejorar su salud y bienestar mentalProbado y aprobado por personas influyentes en las redes socialesEl gran tamaño del mercado wellness muestra por qué tantas marcas de cannabis están lanzando productos que evocan spas más que conciertos de rock.Para descubrir las mejores estrategias de marketing para compradores de cannabis interesados en el wellness, el medio M J BizDaily reunió información de expertos en una reciente conferencia de la Cannabis Marketing Association en Denver.Hay cuatro conclusiones que los especialistas en marketing sugieren al crear campañas de marca para compradores de cannabis preocupados por el wellness:Comience con CBD y comience en las redes socialesLos cannabinoides que no intoxican son los mejores productos para atraer a los compradores de cannabis preocupados por el bienestar, que suelen ser consumidores mayores y mujeres, dijo Antonio Gándara-Martínez, presidente y director de marketing de Budboard, una empresa de tecnología de cannabis en Albuquerque, Nuevo México.“El mercado de CBD es mayoritariamente femenino”, dijo. "Para el THC, ya sea médico o recreativo, es el grupo de hombres de 18 a 29 años el sector a atacar".El grupo demográfico generalmente aprende sobre productos de cannabis no intoxicantes en los canales de las redes sociales, dijo Anna Schwabe, directora de investigación y desarrollo de 420 Organics en Nueva Jersey.“Muchas mujeres y muchas personas mayores están investigando el CBD y principalmente lo leen en las redes sociales”, dijo.No descarte el THCEl CBD podría ser el producto de entrada para los consumidores de cannabis preocupados por el bienestar.Pero las compañías de cannabis deberían considerar probar productos de THC, si están formulados pensando en los nuevos usuarios, dijo Gándara-Martínez.“El CBD es importante para desestigmatizar el cannabis”, dijo.“Hace unos años, vendías THC o CBD. A partir de este año, es una división 50-50, donde la gente quiere ambos y la gente no tiene miedo a comprar THC".Las palabras importanEl mensaje es tan importante como la formulación para los nuevos compradores de THC, porque es posible que no quieran pensar en sí mismos como consumidores de cannabis de forma recreativa, dijo Diane Downey, directora ejecutiva de Rebel Spirit Cannabis Co. en Eugene, Oregón.“Es muy importante que respetemos la forma en que las personas se identifican a sí mismas y también que sepamos que eso es dinámico y cambiante”, dijo.La demografía no lo es todoLos especialistas en marketing de cannabis no tienen escasez de herramientas para identificar a los consumidores y orientar los esfuerzos de marketing en función de las edades y donde viven.Pero harían mejor en centrarse en los productos que resuenan con los compradores de cannabis preocupados por el wellness, como por ejemplo los productos con pocos ingredientes, dijo Raina Jackson, fundadora y directora ejecutiva de Purple Raina Self Care, una compañía de San Francisco que fabrica tópicos con infusión de cannabinoides y productos de belleza.“A la gente le gustan los productos que hacen muchas cosas diferentes con menos”, dijo Jackson.“Puedes mirar todos los números de edad y sexo y cosas así, pero mucho de eso es psicográfico (rasgos de personalidad) más que demográfico, agregó.“¿Qué está buscando la gente y cómo puedo ofrecérselo?”, esa es una de las claves por ahora, coincidieron los expertos.//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////Pacientes de cannabis medicinal de EE. UU. se cuadruplicaron en 4 añosEl número de pacientes de cannabis medicinal registrados en los EE. UU. se ha cuadriplicado de 2016 a 2020 y el total actual es de poco más de 2,97 millones de pacientes, según un estudio de inicios de 2022 publicó el sitio ganja preneur. Los investigadores encontraron que el 61% de los inscritos están calificados para programas para el dolor crónico, mientras que el 11% están inscritos para el trastorno de estrés postraumático.Los investigadores notaron que alrededor de un tercio de los pacientes calificados usan cannabis medicinal "para afecciones o síntomas sin una base de evidencia sustancial", dice el informe.Según la Conferencia Nacional de Legislaturas Estatales, 37 estados, Washington, D.C. y cuatro territorios de EE. UU. habían legalizado el cannabis medicinal a partir de febrero.Una encuesta de Harris Poll realizada en nombre de Curaleaf Holdings, Inc. publicada a principios de 2022 encontró que el 91% de los adultos mayores de 21 años que alguna vez han consumido cannabis lo han hecho con fines de salud y bienestar, independientemente de si están inscritos en un programa estatal. La encuesta encontró que el 75% de los encuestados prefería soluciones de salud holísticas sobre productos farmacéuticos y el 62% dijo que preferiría usar cannabis en lugar de medicamentos farmacéuticos para un problema médico.Más de la mitad (52 %) de los encuestados dijeron que preferían consumir cannabis para relajarse, el 49 % para ayudarlos a dormir, el 44 % para reducir el estrés y el 41 % para reducir la ansiedad.//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////Las empresas de marihuana luchan por mantenerse a flote en medio de la sobreproducción y caída los preciosA medida que las empresas principales se enfrentan a la creciente inflación y la amenaza de una recesión, muchas empresas de marihuana para adultos (cultivadores, minoristas y empresas auxiliares por igual) luchan con su propia serie de problemas.La caída de los precios y un exceso de productos en los mercados estatales de marihuana más establecidos están obligando a las empresas a cerrar, provocando despidos y desencadenando una lucha en toda la industria para mantenerse a flote.La caída de los precios ha aumentado la presión sobre los cultivadores y minoristas de cannabis.Para agravar los problemas de las empresas de cannabis: los productos de marihuana a menudo se gravan a una tasa mucho más alta que los productos convencionales como el maíz, la leche y los automóviles.En el estado de Washington, por ejemplo, los impuestos pueden representar casi el 50% del precio de los productos de marihuana.En respuesta, los minoristas están utilizando una variedad de tácticas para mantenerse a flote, que incluyen:Ofrecer a los consumidores grandes descuentos.Salir del negocio minorista por completo para centrarse en el cultivo.Abrir negocios completamente nuevos, como un salón de cerveza con temática de marihuana, para atraer el tráfico de regreso a sus tiendas.“Casi a nadie le va bien”, dijo Matt Walstatter, quien vendió su tienda de Oregón, Pure Green, en 2019 para enfocarse en el cultivo.////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////Disclaimer Cannabis Hispano no promueve ni participa en actividades ilegales relacionadas con el uso o la venta de marihuana o sus derivados. Tampoco vende o intercambia cannabis por servicios. Consulta a un profesional de la salud si consideras usar cannabis.
Hola a todos y bienvenidos a Ponte Rico, el podcast que busca transmitir información real sobre alimentación, fitness, salud, psicología y entretenimiento. En el episodio de hoy, respondemos preguntas de ejercicio y salud de nuestro público, pero primero tenemos nuestra plática introductoria y hablamos de los siguiente:(01:32) | The Book of Boba Fett(08:35) | La dieta de los Twinkies y cómo perdió 12 kilogramos haciéndolo(14:30) | Cambiar la forma en la que comes puede aumentar tu esperanza de vida(20:30) | El efecto Nocebo y los relojes inteligentes(27:20) | El efecto nocebo pero de las Redes Sociales y la ansiedad que provocanLa preguntas enviadas esta semana fueron las siguientes: (39:10) | Pregunta #1: ¿Cuáles son los pros y contras de utilizar cinturones? (44:20) | Pregunta #2: No me caen bien los licuados de proteína y no me gusta el sabor, ¿hay alguna alternativa que me ayude a alcanzar mis macros?(48:55) | Pregunta #3: Mi pierna izquierda es de mayor tamaño, ¿cómo puedo tener mayor simetría?Mencionado en el episodio:The Book of Boba FettLa dieta a base de TwinkiesCambiar lo que comes te puede agregar 13 años de vidaZonas azules y la mayor cantidad de gente con más de 100 añosEl equivalente negativo al efecto placebo: efecto nocebo __________CALCULADORA MACRONUTRIENTES. Cada día, necesitamos consumir cierta cantidad de proteína, carbohidratos y grasas. Descubre cuántas porciones necesitas para obtener resultados y rendir al máximo. → Descargar Calculadora GUÍAS GRATUITAS. ¿Estás pensando en aprender un poco más sobre entrenamiento, alimentación, dieta keto o solo estar un poco más sano? Descarga las guías gratuitas y comienza tu camino hacia una mejor salud.Descarga las guías aquí:https://www.ponterico.com/guias¿Perder peso (de la manera correcta), subir fuerza y músculo y vivir sin dolor? Aplica al programa aquí y menciona que llegaste a través del Podcast, recibirás un descuento de nuestra parte. https://www.inquebrantablepf.com/__________Ponte Rico en redes:Spotify:https://open.spotify.com/show/3M6rNhIHkcxu6UXVjBWsFSAmazon Music:https://music.amazon.com.mx/podcasts/ebabc857-cae0-4818-87bf-0bf7466f20e5/ponte-ricoFacebook:https://www.facebook.com/PonteRIco Tik Tok:https://www.tiktok.com/@pontericoInstagram:
Por Hugo Famanía Tras la escalada exponencial de contagios por la variante ómicron en el país, el doctor Eduardo Ortega, director de Senacyt, dijo que Panamá podría estar cerca de llegar al pico máximo, pero que aún quedan días difíciles. Además, aseveró que la pandemia del covid-19 podría estar llegando a la fase endémica. “Creo que puede ser el inicio de la fase endémica que estamos esperando”.Panamá tiene disponible 350 camas en Unidades de Cuidados IntensivosEndemia significa que la enfermedad todavía está circulando, pero a un ritmo más bajo "Estamos hablando de un patrón de presentación de la enfermedad que nosotros podemos predecir en un rango más o menos definido y normalmente los epidemiólogos tiene un rango alto y bajo... lo que podemos de alguna manera predecir con picos súbitos, que podría marcar el inicio de la endemia", explicó Eduardo Ortega.Con respecto al ómicron, el experto volvió a resaltar que creer que esta variante es un simple resfriado común puede llevar a acciones erróneas."No es una gripe leve, es un patógeno que salto de un patrón de mutaciones, yo diría moderado, y súbitamente hizo un acumulo de grandes mutaciones que los diferenció de la variante original y de la Delta que predominaba en Panamá, antes que llegará Ómicron", dijo el doctor Eduardo Ortega.Aislamiento por covid-19En cuanto a la cuarentena por covid-19 Panamá, el médico Eduardo Ortega señaló que esta de acuerdo en reducir el tiempo de aislamiento del paciente infectado por el virus. Indicó que este debería disminuirse de 10 días a 7 días. Señaló que el Ministerio de Salud (Minsa), mantiene en la mesa de trabajo este tema."Hoy sabemos que el virus se transmite más eficientemente uno o dos días antes de que comienzan los síntomas, dos a tres días después del inicio del síntomas y un número importante 50%, 70% para el quinto día ya no es infeccioso", expresó.Vacunación niñosEl doctor Eduardo Ortega, indicó que en Panamá se espera lograr vacunar en su totalidad a la población infantil, a media que los padres traigan a los niños y niñas a los centros de inmunización.Indicó que actualmente los niños pequeños están siendo afectados por la variante ómicron del covid-19 a un ritmo mayor que como ocurrió con la Delta."Vemos cifras en Estados Unidos, antes representaban 3% de todas las infecciones, en las últimas semanas son hasta el 25% de todas las infecciones", enfatizó el asesor de vacunas en Panamá, Eduardo Ortega.Recomendó a los padres de familia ha vacunar a los niños, ya que no podemos permitir mandar a los niños a la escuela sin mascarillas y sin inocular a las escuelas."Los niños se infectan, no desarrollan a la misma velocidad enfermedad o severa, pero tienen secuelas y sabemos que este virus perdura en el sistema nervioso central, en el cerebro, el corazón, en los pulmones, riñones", destacó el especialista Eduardo Ortega.
CDMX se mantiene en semáforo epidemiológico verde11 al 15 de enero se aplicará la segunda dosis de la vacuna Pfizer a jóvenes de 15 a 17 añosEl papa Francisco no efectuará la tradicional visita al portal de belén
Kako je majhna žaba osla odvadila večnega napihovanja … Pripoveduje: Tone Gogala. Napisal: Philip Sherlock. Posneto v studiih Radiotelevizije Ljubljana 1976.
Kako je majhna žaba osla odvadila večnega napihovanja … Pripoveduje: Tone Gogala. Napisal: Philip Sherlock. Posneto v studiih Radiotelevizije Ljubljana 1976.
Auf dem traditionellen bayerischen Volksfest Gillamoos hat Markus Söder die CSU auf die heiße Phase des Wahlkampfes eingeschworen. Während die Umfragewerte auch für die CSU in Bayern historische Tiefs erreichen, warnte der CSU-Chef in seiner Rede vor einem Linksrutsch in Deutschland. Wie versucht die CSU jetzt, das Ruder im Bundestagswahlkampf zu drehen? Johann Osel ist vor Ort beim Gillamoos dabei. Er sagt, dass Söder sich eher staatsmännisch als kämpferisch gegeben habe. Außerdem habe er auf Sachthemen wie Corona, Klima und Steuerpolitik gesetzt. Das sei jetzt die Strategie der CSU für die letzten Wahlkampfwochen. Ein Ergebnis unter 30 Prozent bei der Bundestagswahl wäre ein historisches Tief und würde sich laut Osel auch bei einer möglichen Regierungsbeteiligung widerspiegeln. Weitere Nachrichten: Belarussische Oppositionelle verurteilt, Quarantäneregelung für Kinder, Taliban erobern Provinz Pandschir **Redaktion, Moderation:** Tami Holderried **Redaktion:** Vinzent-Vitus Leitgeb **Produktion:** Benjamin Markthaler _Zusätzliches Audiomaterial über den CSU Kreisverband Kelheim._
Únete a Discord El proceso de elaboración completo varía según cada marca y las regulaciones de cada país. Tweet Debes haber notado en las etiquetas que a veces aparecen términos cómo Whisky, Whiskey o Bourbon. ¿Te has preguntado cuales son sus diferencias?No es un error de ortografía y en este episodio te vamos a explicar sus diferencias.Estableciendo un contexto me gustaría para quienes no lo sepan definir lo que es Whisky: Es un destilado que se dice que originó en Irlanda y se extendió rápidamente a Escocia. Los primeros en destilar Whisky fueron los monjes. Se obtiene de un proceso de fermentación y destilación de algunos cereales como: centeno, cebada, trigo, maíz. Luego pasa por un proceso de añejamiento obligatorio.El proceso de elaboración completo varía según cada marca y las regulaciones de cada país. Y aprendiendo como se hace cada uno es como sabremos las diferencias en sus nombres.Como te mencionaba antes cada tipo de whisky y país productor tiene su propio ente regulador:Whisky: Incluye países como Escocia, Canadá, Japón, Inglaterra. Para ser considerado Escocés debe:Ser fabricado y madurado dentro de EscociaMadurado en roble un mínimo de 3 añosEl whisky de malta debe ser 100% cebada malteadaEl Japonés acaba de recibir hace poco: El agua debe ser localDebe llevar CebadaEl proceso de fermentación y destilación debe ser en JapónAñejamiento mínimo de 3 años en barricas de menos de 700 litrosEmbotellar a mínimo 40%Ahora hablemos sobre el whiskey: Irlanda, Rye Whiskey, Bourbon y Jack Daniels.El uso del término Whiskey se comienza a utilizar en Irlanda para diferenciarse de otros whiskys que se hacían dentro de Irlanda de calidades dudosas. Se dice que se extendió a USA debido a la Migración de irlandeses, quienes se dice que fueron los primeros en Destilar Rye Whiskey (Whisky de Centeno). Luego probaron el maíz en vez de el centeno y por último aparece el Bourbon. Se le llama Bourbon a todos los whiskies hechos en estados unidos menos a Jack Daniels que dice ser un Tennessee Whiskey. Rye Whiskey51% centeno elaboración similar al bourbon Bourbon: Mínimo 51% de maiz, centeno o cebada malteada.Se maduran en barricas nuevasY se puede hacer en cualquier parte de USA Tennessee Whiskey:51% de maízSe filtra con carbón antes de embotellar. Para Irlanda: Se destila tres vecesMaduración mínima 3 añosPuede llevar destilado de malta, cebada.En resumen si existen diferencias entre los tipos de whisky. Por tanto procura no equivocarte al momento de escribirlos y pronunciarlos (suena similar), no sea que tengas un amante de estos destilados cerca y pases un momento incómodo.Ah y recuerda tampoco llamar Bourbon al Jack Daniels.Existen otro tipo de categorías de Whisky como lo son los Blended, Whisky de Malta, Whisky de Grano. Depende de la zona de Escocia donde se haga y el agua que use tendrás sabores distintos, pero eso lo dejaremos para otro episodio si ustedes desean que lo conversemos Para cerrar te pregunto: ¿Conocías las diferencias? ¿Qué tipo de whisky te gusta más?Links Mencionados en el Episodiohttps://www.twitch.tv/mezclandoexperienciashttps://barspeakeasy.com/comunidadhttps://youtu.be/F-7VLNCqVwoOtros links de interésLos equipos que usamos: Nikon D3300 = https://amzn.to/3g3BI54 Lente 50mm 1.8 = https://amzn.to/3fYmlek Microfono portatil = https://amzn.to/3p7xXQm Luz portatil = https://amzn.to/3g0JYD5 Microfonos para el Podcast = https://amzn.to/34IhskdNuestro alojador web: Siteground: https://barspeakeasy.com/hosting Prueba Canva Pro por 45 días: https://barspeakeasy.com/canvaproEpisodios Relacionados Si te gusta lo que escuchas y aprendes acá, te animo a dejar una reseña en este link y así lograremos llegar a más personas.¿Te gustaría que te avisemos cuando salga un nuevo episodio? SUSCRIBETE AQUÍ Comparte si te ha gustado Share on facebook
Únete a Discord El proceso de elaboración completo varía según cada marca y las regulaciones de cada país. Tweet Debes haber notado en las etiquetas que a veces aparecen términos cómo Whisky, Whiskey o Bourbon. ¿Te has preguntado cuales son sus diferencias?No es un error de ortografía y en este episodio te vamos a explicar sus diferencias.Estableciendo un contexto me gustaría para quienes no lo sepan definir lo que es Whisky: Es un destilado que se dice que originó en Irlanda y se extendió rápidamente a Escocia. Los primeros en destilar Whisky fueron los monjes. Se obtiene de un proceso de fermentación y destilación de algunos cereales como: centeno, cebada, trigo, maíz. Luego pasa por un proceso de añejamiento obligatorio.El proceso de elaboración completo varía según cada marca y las regulaciones de cada país. Y aprendiendo como se hace cada uno es como sabremos las diferencias en sus nombres.Como te mencionaba antes cada tipo de whisky y país productor tiene su propio ente regulador:Whisky: Incluye países como Escocia, Canadá, Japón, Inglaterra. Para ser considerado Escocés debe:Ser fabricado y madurado dentro de EscociaMadurado en roble un mínimo de 3 añosEl whisky de malta debe ser 100% cebada malteadaEl Japonés acaba de recibir hace poco: El agua debe ser localDebe llevar CebadaEl proceso de fermentación y destilación debe ser en JapónAñejamiento mínimo de 3 años en barricas de menos de 700 litrosEmbotellar a mínimo 40%Ahora hablemos sobre el whiskey: Irlanda, Rye Whiskey, Bourbon y Jack Daniels.El uso del término Whiskey se comienza a utilizar en Irlanda para diferenciarse de otros whiskys que se hacían dentro de Irlanda de calidades dudosas. Se dice que se extendió a USA debido a la Migración de irlandeses, quienes se dice que fueron los primeros en Destilar Rye Whiskey (Whisky de Centeno). Luego probaron el maíz en vez de el centeno y por último aparece el Bourbon. Se le llama Bourbon a todos los whiskies hechos en estados unidos menos a Jack Daniels que dice ser un Tennessee Whiskey. Rye Whiskey51% centeno elaboración similar al bourbon Bourbon: Mínimo 51% de maiz, centeno o cebada malteada.Se maduran en barricas nuevasY se puede hacer en cualquier parte de USA Tennessee Whiskey:51% de maízSe filtra con carbón antes de embotellar. Para Irlanda: Se destila tres vecesMaduración mínima 3 añosPuede llevar destilado de malta, cebada.En resumen si existen diferencias entre los tipos de whisky. Por tanto procura no equivocarte al momento de escribirlos y pronunciarlos (suena similar), no sea que tengas un amante de estos destilados cerca y pases un momento incómodo.Ah y recuerda tampoco llamar Bourbon al Jack Daniels.Existen otro tipo de categorías de Whisky como lo son los Blended, Whisky de Malta, Whisky de Grano. Depende de la zona de Escocia donde se haga y el agua que use tendrás sabores distintos, pero eso lo dejaremos para otro episodio si ustedes desean que lo conversemos Para cerrar te pregunto: ¿Conocías las diferencias? ¿Qué tipo de whisky te gusta más?Links Mencionados en el Episodiohttps://www.twitch.tv/mezclandoexperienciashttp://detrasdelbar.com/comunidadhttps://youtu.be/F-7VLNCqVwoOtros links de interésLos equipos que usamos: Nikon D3300 = https://amzn.to/3g3BI54 Lente 50mm 1.8 = https://amzn.to/3fYmlek Microfono portatil = https://amzn.to/3p7xXQm Luz portatil = https://amzn.to/3g0JYD5 Microfonos para el Podcast = https://amzn.to/34IhskdNuestro alojador web: Siteground: http://detrasdelbar.com/hosting Prueba Canva Pro por 45 días: http://detrasdelbar.com/canvaproEpisodios Relacionados Si te gusta lo que escuchas y aprendes acá, te animo a dejar una reseña en este link y así lograremos llegar a más personas.¿Te gustaría que te avisemos cuando salga un nuevo episodio? SUSCRIBETE AQUÍ Comparte si te ha gustado Share on facebook
Monólogo de Expósito. Noticias del día con Alberto Escalante. He visto luz con Jon Uriarte.Mirada exterior con Mikel Ayestarán. Emprendedores.Hace un par de horas ha finalizado la reunión de Pedro Sánchez con seis de sus ministros, a la que ha pedido sumarse sumado a última hora la vicepresidenta Yolanda Díaz... En esa videconferencia, han analizado la operación de repatriación de nuestros compatriotas en Afganistán así como de los nacionales que han colaborado con España en los últimos añosEl ministro de exteriores ha explicado que la prioridad en todo momento será la seguridad en los traslados y ha garantizado que se atenderán todas las peticiones de asilo, en especial las de mujeres y niños... De momento, ya han pedido protección internacional 12 de los ciudadanos afganos que han llegado esta madrugada a MadridViajaban en el primer avión que logró sacarles ayer de Kabul... Junto a ellos, cinco españoles residentes en Afganistán... El embajador y los policías nacionales se han quedado allí para ayudar a las labores de evacuación del resto.
Učeni osel je gorenjska pravljica iz Škofje Loke, ki jo je Lojze Zupanc zapisal v knjigi Kamniti most. Povedala knjižničarka Bernarda Potočnik.
Presentamos un nuevo audio de meditación para dormir bien.En este episodio hay una nueva meditación guiada para dormir que la hemos llamado:"Estancia relajante en el refugio en la montaña".Y un cuento hindú: El cuento de la vasija agrietadaAsí que si quieres encontrar un podcast que te ayude a relajarte y a descansar este es tu sitio. Piensa en este podcast como tu momento para desconectar del día y conectar contigo.Espero de corazón que te guste, si es así, por favor, no olvides darle a "me gusta" y no olvides suscribirte a mi canal para ayudarme a crecer y a mejorar.¡Ponte cómod@ que empezamos!El cuento de la vasija agrietadaCuento tradicional de la India Un hombre cargador de agua de India tenía dos grandes vasijas que colgaban a los extremos de un palo y que llevaba encima de los hombros. Una de las vasijas tenía varias grietas, mientras que la otra era perfecta y conservaba toda el agua al final del largo camino a pie desde el arroyo hasta la casa de su patrón; en cambio cuando llegaba, la vasija rota solo tenía la mitad del agua. Durante dos años completos esto fue así diariamente, desde luego la vasija perfecta estaba muy orgullosa de sus logros, pues se sabía perfecta para los fines para los que fue creada. Pero la pobre vasija agrietada estaba muy avergonzada de su propia imperfección, y se sentía miserable porque solo podía hacer la mitad de todo lo que se suponía que era su obligación. Después de dos años, la tinaja quebrada le hablo al aguatero: – "Estoy avergonzada y me quiero disculpar contigo porque debido a mis grietas solo puedes entregar la mitad de mi carga y solo obtienes la mitad del valor que deberías recibir." El aguatero le dijo compasivamente: – "Cuando regresemos a la casa quiero que notes las bellísimas flores que crecen a lo largo del camino". Así lo hizo la tinaja. Y en efecto, vio muchísimas flores a lo largo del trayecto. Sin embargo, se sintió apenada porque solo quedaba dentro suyo, la mitad del agua que debía llevar. El aguatero le dijo entonces: – "¿Te diste cuenta de que las flores solo crecen en tu lado del camino? Siempre he sabido de tus grietas y quise sacar el lado positivo de ello. Sembré semillas de flores a lo largo camino por donde vas y todos los días las has regado y por dos años yo he podido recoger estas flores. Si no fueras exactamente como eres, con todo y tus defectos, no hubiera sido posible crear esta belleza." Cada uno de nosotros tiene sus propios defectos y virtudes, todos tenemos una meta que cumplir, un trabajo que hacer, convertir los defectos en oportunidades es importante por eso debemos conocer nuestras grietas y trabajarlas para así poder superarlas, implica un trabajo personal profundo y comprometido, pero la recompensa a este esfuerzo es muy grande.Muchas gracias y dulces sueñosEl contenido de este podcast es de carácter informativo. No es, ni pretende ser, ningún tipo de aproximación terapéutica y solo expresa la opinión de su creador. No reemplaza en ningún momento una consulta con un especialista en cualquier área de la salud física o mentahttps://meditacionparadormir.comIG: @meditacionparadormirMuchas gracias y dulces sueñosEl contenido de este podcast es de carácter informativo. No es, ni pretende ser, ningún tipo de aproximación terapéutica y solo expresa la opinión de su creador. No reemplaza en ningún momento una consulta con un especialista en cualquier área de la salud física o mental.
Bienvenidos a un nuevo episodio de meditación guiada con consejos, técnicas y estrategias para dormir bien.Hoy entrevisto a Cristina Noya, psicóloga sanitaria . A lo largo de la entrevista, que os recomiendo escuchar hasta el final, Cristina nos explica de forma muy clara, preguntas que le he formulado:¿ Crees que la ansiedad y el estrés nos afecta en el sueño?, ¿Qué tipos de insomnio hay?¿Por qué es importante dormir bien?, ¿ Qué es la higiene del sueño?Estas preguntas y muchas más, Cristina nos las resuelve con consejos para aplicar en este episodio.La podéis seguir IG:@cristinanoyapsicologiaEspero de corazón que te guste, si es así, por favor, no olvides darle a "me gusta" y no olvides suscribirte a mi canal para ayudarme a crecer y a mejorar.¡Ponte cómod@ que empezamos!IG: @meditacionparadormirhttps://meditacionparadormir.comMuchas gracias y dulces sueñosEl contenido de este podcast es de carácter informativo. No es, ni pretende ser, ningún tipo de aproximación terapéutica y solo expresa la opinión de su creador. No reemplaza en ningún momento una consulta con un especialista en cualquier área de la salud física o mental.
‧你感覺某位神明、菩薩或關聖帝君與你有緣,你就可以選擇祂做為你的信仰神,至於祂是不是你的祖神或累世神明無所謂,重要的是你在走靈修道路時有沒有某尊神明的精神在支撐你,幫助你在日常生活中解決問題。 ‧很多人都想要一個終極目標,都想知道這輩子的人生課題或天命是什麼,母娘說,這個問題跟你沒有關係,你能不能緩下腳步去做好每天的事情?放慢腳步審查內心的世界,這比什麼都重要。
‧你感覺某位神明、菩薩或關聖帝君與你有緣,你就可以選擇祂做為你的信仰神,至於祂是不是你的祖神或累世神明無所謂,重要的是你在走靈修道路時有沒有某尊神明的精神在支撐你,幫助你在日常生活中解決問題。 ‧很多人都想要一個終極目標,都想知道這輩子的人生課題或天命是什麼,母娘說,這個問題跟你沒有關係,你能不能緩下腳步去做好每天的事情?放慢腳步審查內心的世界,這比什麼都重要。
Lees hasta el cansancio que para conectar debemos contar nuestra historia, pero eres freelance, estás empezando y, la verdad, no sabes qué cosas debes o no debes contar. Te da miedo sonar egocentrista, que piensen que te crees más de los demás y terminar generando rechazo. Tú no quieres que te rechacen, tú quieres conectar, y como has leído antes dicen que para conectar es necesario contar nuestra historia. Pero ahí estás tú, analizando los datos más importantes de tu vida y tu carrera profesional para empezar tu historia. Pero qué cuento, qué debo contar, cómo saber si estoy llevando mis ideas por buen camino.¿Te ha pasado? A mí sí, y básicamente este era el monólogo interno que yo misma me armaba en la cabeza antes de empezar a contarle mi historia a mis lectores y utilizarla en mi mensaje de marca.Pero hay una delgada línea que no debemos traspasar: no caer en el aburrimiento ni hablar desde el ego. ¿O quién no ha querido levantarse de la mano y cerrar una conversación con alguien así?En el episodio número 34 de Emprende Escribiendo te voy a dar 5 tips para que escribas tu historia de marca de manera atractiva para tus lectores. Hay que conectar, no aburrir. ¡Empezamos!Suscríbete gratis a mi podcast en Itunes, Spotify, Ivoox y Youtube, y no te pierdas ningún episodio semanal.Todos tenemos una historia que contarAunque pensemos que nuestra vida es muy aburrida y que no pasa gran cosa, la verdad es que siempre tenemos muchas cosas que contar. Cosas que has aprendido hasta ahora, alguna frase que te quedó de alguna persona importante, por ejemplo yo aquí tengo una que me dijo un profesor de un curso de presentación que nunca olvido y me repito como un mantra “vuélvete indispensable”; experiencia profesional, cambio de países, de casa, de trabajo. En fin, tantas pero tantas historias que contar. Sólo hace falta sacarlas.Así que el primer paso es hacer un listado de todos esos momentos claves que nos han moldeado como seres humanos y cómo profesionales y que creamos que pueden ser útiles para nuestra comunidad.Ejemplo personal: Mi amor por la escritura desde la infancia y la decisión de estudiar periodismo.Mi cambio de país en 2014 y el que viajar y la vida expat es parte de mi marcaLo difícil de los nuevos comienzos. El haber empezado lavando platos cuando llegué a Malta.El haber pasado de redactora digital a directora de contenido para España en una empresa de Malta en dos añosEl nacimiento de mi primer emprendimiento: