Podcasts about Finland

This upcoming weekend is busy with a bunch of meets occurring around the world, specifically Europe and the USA. Today we'll break it all down and preview each of the meets.First on Wednesday June 3rd the Paavo Nurmi Games go down in Finland featuring the likes of Bayanda Walaza in the 100m as well as Monae' Nichols in the Long Jump.Then on Thursday the Rome Diamond League will kick off with Noah Lyles racing Jordan Anthony in the 100m, as well as Melissa Jefferson-Wooden vs Julien Alfred in the 200mSaturday will see the Lone Star Grand Prix in Texas where Oblique Seville and Gabby Thomas will race the 100m and 200m, respectively.Finally, Sunday the Stockholm Diamond League closes out the weekend with Kenny Bednarek in the 200m, Melissa Jefferson-Wooden in the 100m, as well as Mondo Duplantis in the Pole VaultPaavo Nurmi Entries – https://www.tilastopaja.info/participants/png   Rome DL Entries – https://rome.diamondleague.com/en/programme-results/ Stockholm DL Entries – https://stockholm.diamondleague.com/en/programme-results/   Lonestar Grand Prix Schedule – https://www.usatf.org/events/2026/2026-usatf-lone-star-grand-prix-presented-by-44-fa/schedule   ⁠-------------------------------------------

In this episode of the Celebrate Kids podcast, Dr. Kathy addresses the importance of getting kids outside and engaging with nature, especially during the summer months. The discussion arises from concerns parents face when their children prefer indoor activities, like reading, over outdoor play. Dr. Kathy explores the benefits of nature for children's health and development, referencing a recent study from Finland that shows significant advantages for kids who play in natural environments compared to those in urban daycare settings. Listeners are encouraged to think critically about how to inspire their children to appreciate the great outdoors. Tune in for practical insights on fostering a love for nature in our children!  

In this episode, Dr. Tony Ebel makes the case that one of the most powerful things you can do for your child's immune system is also the simplest — and the most overlooked. Drawing on his upbringing on a cattle and grain farm in northwest Iowa, Dr. Tony connects real-life farm stories to cutting-edge neuroimmunology to show why getting outside, playing in the dirt, and embracing exposure is foundational to raising healthy, resilient kids. He breaks down the hygiene hypothesis, shares findings from a groundbreaking Finland daycare study, and explains why fear of germs may be doing more damage than the germs themselves. Whether you live on a farm or in a suburb, this episode will change the way you think about your family's everyday environment.-----Links & Resources:The Resilient Family Summit: Raising Healthy Kids in a Crazy Stressful Worldhttps://www.thepxdocs.com/offers/Crje8Pri-----Key Topics & Timestamps00:02 How Over-Medicalization Created the Sickest Generation Ever 00:07 Farm Life & Why His Family Almost Never Went to the Doctor 00:11 His Dad's Broken Finger and What It Taught Him About Immune Resilience 00:14 Why Chronic Fear and Worry May Be the Worst Health Threat of All 00:16 What Kids Actually Get from Being Outside: Sun, Sweat, Air & Vitamin D 00:25 Kids Spend Less Time Outside Than Prison Inmates — Here's Why It Matters 00:28 The Perfect Storm: Raising the Cleanest — and Sickest — Generation Ever 00:33 The Finland Rewilding Study: What 43 Daycares Proved in 2–4 Weeks 00:40 The Most Advanced Intervention Is the One We Left Behind 75 Years Ago-- Follow us on Socials: Instagram: @pxdocsFacebook: Dr. Tony Ebel & The PX Docs NetworkYoutube: The PX DocsFor more information, visit PXDocs.com to read informative articles about the power of Neurologically-Focused Chiropractic Care.Find a PX Doc Office near me: PX DOCS DirectoryTo watch Dr. Tony's 30 min Perfect Storm Webinar: Click Here

Send us an inquiry through a text message here!Buy VRT LIVE 2026 tickets here: https://www.axs.com/events/1451690/the-veterinary-roundtable-ticketsWelcome to another episode of The Veterinary Roundtable! In this episode the ladies discuss a follow up regarding the veterinary medication laws in Finland, cat to human transmission of Avian Influenza, Dr. Duckwall's case of the lost needle, and so much more!Do you have a question, story, or inquiry for The Veterinary Roundtable? Send us a text or voicemail from the link above, ask us on any social media platform, or email theveterinaryroundtable@gmail.com!Episodes of The Veterinary Roundtable are on all podcast services along with video form on YouTube!YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@TheVeterinaryRoundtableInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/theveterinaryroundtable/TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@theveterinaryroundtableTimestamps: 00:00 Intro08:32 Follow Up: Medication Laws in Finland14:35 Pits and Peaks20:27 Cat to Human Transmission of Avian Influenza23:29 Horse Injury Detection System26:40 Tales from the Trenches28:50 Cases: The Lost Needle34:33 The Fat Splenic Mass40:58 Listener Inquiry: The Reality of Rabies Testing48:51 Outro 

This Detroit Red Wings podcast tackles Red Wings trade options & free agency paths as Steve Yzerman weighs how aggressive to get this summer. News and analysis breaks down the Elias Pettersson trade scenario, Bobby McMann free agent fit, and what a real roster shakeup could look like for Todd McLellan's group. (0:00) Remembering Claude Lemieux Opening with condolences to the family, friends, and loved ones of Claude Lemieux, who passed away at age 60. (1:12) Intro Warning the residents along TPC Michigan, Oakland Hills, and Detroit Golf Club fairways that the WWP crew is coming to town. Fortify your windows. (4:10) Red Wings Offseason Paths Walking through Max Bultman's three scenarios (article here) for the Detroit Red Wings: targeted adds (Bobby McMann, Michael McCarron), the bigger free agent swing (Alex Tuch, Mason Marchment, Vitek Vanecek, plus a Cossa-for-Howard trade), or the bold Elias Pettersson trade with Nate Danielson as the headliner. Why the rising cap makes Pettersson's $11.6M hit less scary, which option two terrifies us, and where McMann fits as the most realistic add. Also: is there a chaotic option four where you reset around Moritz Seider and Lucas Raymond and move on from Dylan Larkin, Alex DeBrincat, and Patrick Kane? (31:15) Stanley Cup Final Preview Carolina's buzzsaw run through the East versus Vegas methodically dismantling Colorado. Predictions, the Mitch Marner/Carter Hart factor, and why this might be hockey sickos' dream final even if Gary Bettman is seething about the market matchup. (43:35) Bruce Cassidy Situation Cassidy goes on Spittin' Chiclets to call out Vegas for blocking interviews. Big dog move from Vegas or lame excuses? (45:20) Prospect Profile: Alberts Smits The big Latvian left-shot defenseman drawing Moritz Seider and Jakob Chychrun comps. Why he could go top five and what the floor looks like. (51:00) Prospect Profile: Ryan Roobroeck The big winger with a cannon shot and serious compete questions. Anthony Mantha vibes - should Yzerman, Draper & Co. swing on him at 47? (56:50) Worlds: MBN Wins Bronze Michael Brandsegg-Nygård and Norway take bronze at the World Championships, beating Canada & Emmitt Finnie in overtime. Finland takes gold as Switzerland loses a 3rd straight final. (58:25) Overtime Mailbag: Patreon Questions Vegas aggression paying off, what it would take to move into the top five, who's next in the rafters (Henrik Zetterberg, Pavel Datsyuk), Robert Thomas trade packages, and Sebastian Cossa's development path with NHL goalie coaches. --- Refresh your wardrobe with Quince - go to Quince.com/WINGEDWHEEL for free shipping and 365-day returns! Support the show: Patreon.com/WingedWheelPodcast Head over to wingedwheelpodcast.com to find all the ways to listen, how to support the show, and so much more!

Dronerne dominerer fronten i Ukraine, og på det seneste har Ukraine formået at ramme mål dybt inde i Rusland. Blandt andet i Moskva. Samtidig er der lige nu generel dronekrise, fordi vildfarne droner dukker op i luftrummet over de baltiske lande og Finland. Formodentlig er det ukrainske droner, som bliver GPS-jammet eller spoofet af russerne og derfor kommer på afveje.Dronerne har udviklet sig eksplosivt siden Ruslands invasion i februar 2022. Og det har forandret slagmarken og styrkeforholdet mellem Ukraine og Rusland.Dronerne er ikke specielt avancerede rent designmæssigt, men deres software er i konstant udvikling blandt andet takket være den danske startup Robotto.De ukrainske droner er produceret i hjemlandet på en måde, der minder forbløffende meget om en tech start-up. Hele netværket af virskomheder,  som dominerer den ukrainske produktion af droner, består af startups og heriblandt altså også en dansk virksomhed.Vi har besøg af stifteren Kenneth Geipel i Techtopia. Han fortæller om sin og virksomhedens vej fra civil software til militærteknologi. Og han giver et sjældent blik ind bag kulisserne af verdens første robotkrig.Medvirkende:Kenneth Geipel, Cofounder, RobottoLink: Robotto: https://robotto.ai

Finland's Eurovision 2025 singer Erika Vikman joined our William Lee Adams for an on-stage interview at the Eurofan House x Wiwibloggs in Vienna. The "ICH KOMME" singer discussed her recent music — including "Appetite" (a collab with Go-Jo), "Father (I Will Never Confess)" and "Adam & Steve." Among other things, she discusses why she relates to the gay community (she too has been judged unfairly, she says) and the results of Eurovision 2025. If Finland ever hosts Eurovision does she plan to play a role? We find out. 

“I shortlisted it to about 10 or 11 poems. I printed them all out on big pieces of paper, and I did visual sketches of what the piece might look like. I would lay them out on the ground, mix them around, and play with what kind of arc it would look like. I'd decide which texts would be the big, climactic moments in the piece, and once I have those two or three big moments, I look at what kind of vibe or style fits between those, and I take my best stab at making that transition."Dylan Trần (1994—) is an artist based between Vietnam and the U.S. He views music as a form of world-building, poignantly evoking nuanced atmospheres in a way that is both intimately expressive and boldly energetic. His compositional practice strikes a balance between welcoming and challenging, having curated a unique musical language that is equally rewarding to performers and audiences.Born in a rural parish hospital, one of eleven children, and raised in a double-wide trailer in central Louisiana, Dylan's first dream was to be a rockstar / actor / tennis pro / and  Pokémon-trainer. At 14 years old, he put those dreams on hold and joined his high school choir. Since then, he has been commissioned by HULU, the Oxford American Journal, TAAF, and more. He has conducted and coached ensembles throughout the U.S. and in Europe and has volunteered for music programs across the country and in Vietnam. His pieces have been performed all over the U.S. and his arrangements have been performed in Australia, Austria, Canada, Finland, India, and the U.K. Prioritizing ethical, equitable community engagement and well-being, Dylan insists on leaving a positive, tangible impact wherever he works. He has developed and is constantly refining an artistic practice that involves the ongoing redistribution of funds, resources, and recognition.To get in touch with Dylan, you can find him on Instagram (@dylantranmusic) or visit his website (dylantranmusic.com)Email choirfampodcast@gmail.com to contact our hosts.Podcast music from Podcast.coPhoto in episode artwork by Trace Hudson

How do you translate the latest science work across the 2000 different languages spoken around the African continent? And have you heard of sky mountain? Africa Day has the Unexpected Elements team taking a deep dive into a range of unexpected stories from across the continent.The day is celebrated every year to mark the establishment of the African Union in 1963. In the Turkana region of northern Kenya, we learn about a team of geologists who have been studying continental break-up. Researchers think it could be one of the weakest areas of the Earth's crust. We explore the difficult process of translating scientific papers into the many languages spoken across the continent.Plus, entomologist Dr Gimo Daniel tells us about the unexpected joys of dung beetles. And we learn how AI and large language models are finding new ways to track conservation and mass animal migrations. And finally, we explore why bats harbour so many diseases yet seem to be tolerant to things that humans get ill from.Presenter: Marnie Chesterton, with Tristan Ahtone in Finland and Phillys Mwatee in Kenya Producer: Margaret Sessa-Hawkins, Alice Lipscombe-Southwell and Robbie Wojciechowski

After testing half a dozen knives this season, the North Arm Knives Lynx rose to the top. With its wide sweeping belly, full-size G10 handle, and tough Magnacut blade, this fixed blade knife proved itself in the field during multiple big game breakdowns. In this review, I walk through what makes this knife exceptional, what it's not ideal for, and why it's earned a spot in my kill kit. Whether you're a backpack hunter or a guided client looking for reliable gear, this review cuts through the noise and delivers real-world insight.  

Craig Unger discusses U.S. unreliability and the future of the NATO alliance, noting that under Trump, the United States is seen as an unreliable partner by allies like Finland, who fear he will not honor Article 5. This lack of reliability forces European nations to consider whether they can emerge as a self-sufficient military power. (14)1936

SCHEDULE THE JOHN BATCHELOR SHOW, 5-27-26.APRIL 1900 OTTAWA.Cliff May discusses the deepening crisis in Cuba, where extreme food and electricity shortages have led officials to describe it as a failing state. However, the regime has reportedly received hundreds of attack drones from Russia and Iran, posing a new offensive threat to U.S. interests in the Caribbean. (1)Cliff May examines the empty pageantry of the Trump-Xi summit in Beijing, where the high-profile ceremony produced no major deals regarding trade or artificial intelligence. Xi Jinping made no concessions on human rights issues, such as the persecution of Christians or the Uyghurs. (2)Jon Hartley discusses the confirmation of Kevin Warsh as the new Federal Reserve Chairman, bringing a hawkish reputation focused on reducing the Fed's expanded balance sheet. Warsh advocates for a return to principles linking money growth directly to inflation control. (3)Jon Hartley proposes a new agreement modeled after the 1951 Accord that would separate the missions of the Federal Reserve and the Treasury. Under this plan, the Fed would focus strictly on short-term rates and price stability rather than long-term debt management. (4)Captain James Fanell analyzes the Balikatan military exercise, which featured 17,000 troops and, for the first time, combat forces from Japan participating in counter-invasion training. The drills demonstrated the capacity of allied nations to successfully target and strike enemy vessels at sea. (5)General Blaine Holt discusses Russian hypersonic threats and the shift to asymmetric drone warfare, noting Russia's threats of using weapons of mass destruction against Kyiv to warn European leaders against further intervention. Meanwhile, low-cost drone technology is proving to be an asymmetric force that renders expensive, multi-million dollar military systems obsolete. (6)Charles Burton examines Canada's controversial economic pivot toward China, where Prime Minister Mark Carney is pursuing a strategic partnership that includes non-public security agreements and the reduction of tariffs on Chinese electric vehicles. Critics warn these moves compromise Canadian sovereignty and allow for significant Chineseinfiltration. (7)Charles Burton and Gordon Chang analyze China's strategic gain from prolonged conflict in the Middle East, with Beijing appearing content to allow the conflict in the Strait of Hormuz to drag out as a way to deplete U.S. military resources. This instability supports China's narrative that the United States is a declining power. (8)Michael Bernstam discusses the impact of Ukrainian drone strikes on the Russian oil market, noting that strikes on refineries and ports have forced Russia to export more crude oil at discounted prices instead of high-value refined products. Simultaneously, U.S. oil production has hit record levels, significantly influencing global market prices. (9)Michael Bernstam examines the failure of Russia's Power of Siberia 2 pipeline deal, as Vladimir Putin left Beijingwithout securing the agreement while China shows no immediate need for the gas. Furthermore, China demanded to pay domestic Russian prices, which would yield no profit for Moscow. (10)Bob Zimmerman discusses the success of SpaceX's Starship 12 test, which demonstrated major design improvements, while NASA has effectively ended Boeing's role in manned missions to the ISS. NASA awarded all manned flights through 2030 to SpaceX, leaving Boeing out of the picture. (11)Bob Zimmerman reports that the Webb telescope has detected weather variations, including morning clouds, on a distant exoplanet. Additionally, images from Mars show parallel ridges that suggest a history of climate cycles and the presence of significant near-surface ice. (12)Craig Unger argues that Donald Trump has been a Russian intelligence asset since 1987. He highlights how Trump's first trip to the Soviet Union was followed by advertisements in U.S. newspapers featuring KGB talking points. (13)Craig Unger discusses U.S. unreliability and the future of the NATO alliance, noting that under Trump, the United States is seen as an unreliable partner by allies like Finland, who fear he will not honor Article 5. This lack of reliability forces European nations to consider whether they can emerge as a self-sufficient military power. (14)Judy Dempsey examines how the ongoing conflict between the U.S. and Iran distracts from Russian aggression in Ukraine and causes economic sluggishness in Germany. European allies feel jaundiced by the lack of consultation from the U.S. regarding Middle East diplomacy. (15)Judy Dempsey discusses how the AfD has become Germany's leading political party by capitalizing on public anger over housing shortages and the government's handling of the wars in Iran and Ukraine. The party represents a growing threat to the established political order in Europe. (16)

Another blow to Turkey's embattled democracy, the Czech kick-boxing champion turned anti-bullying activist, the inside story of Finland's gamer-industry boom, and the iconic moped disappearing from Italy's streets. Then: music in exile and what we got wrong about Pinocchio.

Presented by 6D Helmets If the name Bob Rathkamp doesn't ring a bell, perhaps the brands Axo Sport America, Sinisalo Pacific, or Gaerne North America might. Rathkamp moved to California from his home in Minnesota when a job with O'Neal Distribution presented the opportunity to escape the harsh winters and enjoy year-round riding. Soon enough, he joined his good friend Jim Hale at Axo Sport America, and later took over the North American import and distribution duties for Sinisalo from Finland, and also Gaerne from Italy. Bob and I first met in the early 1990s when I was an assistant editor at Cycle News, and in this installment of the 6D Helmets Midweek Podcast, we recall many of the great times and products of the past three decades...

Are you treating your AI like an expert consultant or an overly enthusiastic intern? In this week's episode of Troubleshooting Agile, we're Live from CITCON:AI in Helsinki, Finland, unpacking the critical boundaries of AI ownership and risk. Join us to learn why AI doesn't create new problems, it just accelerates our old ones, and why you need human "centaurs" to maintain accountability when real money is on the line. Links - CITCON:AI 2026 sessions: https://citconf.com/wiki/index.php?title=CITCONEurope2026Sessions - System 1 vs System 2: https://fs.blog/daniel-kahneman-the-two-systems/ - KYC: Know Your Client: https://www.bitsaboutmoney.com/archive/kyc-and-aml-beyond-the-acronyms/ -------------------------------------------------- You'll find free videos and practice material, plus our book Agile Conversations, at agileconversations.com And we'd love to hear any thoughts, ideas, or feedback you have about the show: email us at info@agileconversations.com -------------------------------------------------- About Your Hosts Douglas Squirrel and Jeffrey Fredrick joined forces at TIM Group in 2013, where they studied and practised the art of management through difficult conversations. Over a decade later, they remain united in their passion for growing profitable organisations through better communication. Squirrel is an advisor, author, keynote speaker, coach, and consultant, and he's helped over 300 companies of all sizes make huge, profitable improvements in their culture, skills, and processes. You can find out more about his work here: douglassquirrel.com/index.html Jeffrey is Vice President of Engineering at ION Analytics, Organiser at CITCON, the Continuous Integration and Testing Conference, and is an accomplished author and speaker. You can connect with him here: www.linkedin.com/in/jfredrick/

Marco Steinberg is a Finnish architect and designer who has worked extensively in the public sector in both Finland and the United States. In this interview, he reflects on his professional journey, from contributing to the founding of the Helsinki Design Lab to leading design-driven initiatives at UNDP, where he supported leadership teams around the world. Today, he works as a consultant and as a part-time professor at Aalto University. We talk about the course Design for Government, a pioneering program that motivates active collaboration between students, ministries, and public agencies in Finland.We talk about this book: ⁠⁠ In Studio, ⁠⁠⁠⁠Recipes for Systemic change⁠⁠ Bryan Boyer, Justin W. Cook and Marco Steinberg.And about this project: System PortfolioThis episode is part of the lists: Finlandia y diseño, Gobierno y diseño, Laboratorios de innovación, Gobierno y diseño, Finnish design in public sector, D&D in English, Políticas públicas y diseño and Educación en diseño. The title of the lists might be in Spanish but the content is trilingual. You can find interviews in English, Portuguese or Spanish.

The practice of healthcare is inherently powerful, and our patients are vulnerable to our power. Though power can be abused, the righteous use of power, for the benefit of the vulnerable, is profoundly Christlike. We will explore the lessons of power which help us understand our roles, including the fundamental nature of professionalism and key kingdom strategies of healthcare missions.

Jim Geraghty is back! Join Jim and Greg for the Tuesday 3 Martini Lunch as Jim recaps his two-week trip reporting on national security in Finland, Latvia, and Poland. Jim explains how Finland is on guard against Russian mischief on the water and beyond, how Latvia's government folded while he was there, how the U.S. is helping Polish defenses, and just how much the Finns love their saunas.First, Jim recounts joining Finnish forces on patrol in the Gulf of Finland, where authorities closely monitor suspicious Russian-affiliated vessels and other potential security threats. He explains how Finland has built one of Europe's  most elaborate and extensive facilities in anticipation of a possible conflict with Russia that they hope never happens. And how he ended up eating Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer.Next, Jim takes us to Latvia, which was in a full-blown political crisis while he was there, all due to some wayward Ukrainian drones. Jim explains what happened ,how it led to the prime minister's resignation, and what is expected to happen next.Then, it's on to Poland as Jim explains how his hosts were very pleased to see military help arriving from the U.S. - both in terms of troops and weapons.Finally, Jim explains the deep love the people of Finland have for their saunas.Please visit our great sponsors:Noble GoldDownload the free investor kit. No pressure. No obligation. Just the information.https://noblegoldinvestments.com/3ml Pocket HoseFor a limited time, get two free gifts—a 360° rotating pocket pivot and a thumb drive nozzle—whenyou buy the Pocket Hose Ballistic; just text MARTINI to 64000, message and data rates may apply.New episodes every weekday. 

Jim Geraghty is back! Join Jim and Greg for the Tuesday 3 Martini Lunch as Jim recaps his two-week trip reporting on national security in Finland, Latvia, and Poland. Jim explains how Finland is on guard against Russian mischief on the water and beyond, how Latvia's government folded while he was there, how the U.S. […]

In this short Listener Q&A episode, I'm tackling a thoughtful question from Miranda that more of us should probably be asking — how do you find cultural experiences that are both authentic and environmentally responsible when you travel in Europe?I share practical ways to travel more consciously — from choosing locally owned accommodations and guides to supporting small restaurants and seeking out truly local experiences. I also talk about eco-certifications — and why they don't always tell the full story — plus a few simple ways to be a more responsible traveler without overcomplicating things.Then I shift gears and answer a second question from Miranda about traveling to Finland's Lapland region, including why timing matters and where to start your research if it's on your list.It's a short episode, but one packed with ideas to help you travel more meaningfully. And maybe think a little differently about the choices you make along the way.Got a question you want answered?Head over to wanderyourway.com/podcast and fill out the form!Note: These Listener Q&A episodes don't have a companion blog post, so you'll only find this one in your favorite podcast app. Happy listening!Important links: How To Travel Sustainably in Europe: Inspiring Tips From Carolyn S. Boyce of Eco Wander WomanBest Sustainable Experiences in Europe ★ Support this podcast ★

Is this the ultimate tripod head for hunters? The Wiser Precision Ridge Warden might be the most practical hybrid tripod head on the market — lightweight, strong, and uniquely capable of both glassing and shooting with its pan, tilt, and cant functionality. In this in-depth review, I test it with a Kowa 88 spotter and my rifle setup to see if it really replaces the need for separate glassing and shooting heads. We break down what works, what doesn't, and who this product is really for.

This episode originally aired as a Patreon exclusive on December 6, 2025.After a battle with conditions, injuries, and a heartbreaking dab, Noah Wheeler just sent Burden Of Dreams V17/9A. This week we revisit his first trip to Finland with Hamish McArthur, and Tension Climbing's Michael Rosato, where they checked out Burden, and the infamous Sisu Project.Join Patreon: HEREFollow us on Instagram: HEREVisit our podcast page: HERE

https://masaresi.com/product/easy-greek-story-notebook-39/Listen to a short Greek story, narrated by native Greek teachers at the Omilo School. Improve your listening skills, and learn extra new vocabulary. Every 2nd month a new story, taking place in Greece and at an Intermediate language level in Greek.  text, video, and podcast link at ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Easy Greek Stories - #39 - Υπομονή, όλα θα πάνε καλά!Be patient...everything will be OK!In this episode, Myrto reads a story about a lady from Finland, who breaks her leg in Athens, and ends up in a Greek Public Hospital. She gets to know the "other side of Greece"The story is read first at a slow pace, followed by the same story at a normal speaking pace. The podcast recordings are available on SoundCloud, Spotify, Apple Podcast.  If you want to learn more, then purchase your notebook(s) that accompanies the Intermediate Podcast Stories. It is available ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠https://masaresi.com/product-category/greek-podcast-notebooks/⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠.⁠⁠https://masaresi.com/product/easy-greek-story-notebook-39/⁠⁠That way you can also practice your language skills with the Greek transcription, English translation, vocabulary list, extra exercises to improve your Greek, video link + subtitles. With the notebook, you also receive the audio as an MP3 file, which you can download to your computer, and you can listen to offline.We hope that you will discover new and interesting things about Greece while enjoying listening to those short stories.Produced by Omilo Greek Language and Culture in combination with masaresi.com ; +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++Author Podcast story & script + Notebook content &design ; Maya AndreadiPodcast narrator; Myrto Yfanti++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++(Note: this podcast is not a Greek course and the episodes don't follow a step-by-step grammar or difficulty sequence.)Of course, always welcome to learn Greek with Omilo, in Greece!

A gas explosion at a coal mine in China has killed at least 90 people, with more still missing. Reuters has uncovered that a Trump administration adviser explored a plan to ban voting machines used in more than half of U.S. states. Freed flotilla activists allege torture and sexual violence in Israeli custody; Israel denies the claims. Plus, Finland's bomb shelters draw global attention  Listen to the Morning Bid podcast ⁠⁠here⁠⁠. Sign up for the Reuters Econ World newsletter ⁠⁠here⁠⁠.  Listen to the Reuters Econ World podcast ⁠⁠here⁠⁠. Visit the Thomson Reuters Privacy Statement for information on our privacy and data protection practices.  You may also visit megaphone.fm/adchoices to opt out of targeted advertising. Learn more about your ad choices. Visit megaphone.fm/adchoices

Welcome back to the Mindful Hunter Podcast! In this episode, Jay gives a raw update from the middle of a wild spring bear guiding season — six bears down, two clients still in the field, and some honest reflection on wounding and misses that's worth hearing if you're planning a guided hunt. Then we get into the real reason this episode exists: the official launch of the Forged Base Series Socks. Jay breaks down exactly why he spent a year designing a backcountry hunting sock from scratch — and why, after nearly a decade of using merino-based socks, he came to the conclusion that merino fails in more ways than it succeeds. The three core problems: it doesn't evacuate moisture fast enough, it isn't durable enough for hard daily use, and it loses its shape within a couple of days of a backcountry hunt. He also calls out the lifetime warranty model used by most hunting sock companies, explaining why it's a business strategy built on the assumption that most customers are too lazy to actually claim it — and why he chose to put every dollar into the design instead. You'll get a full breakdown of the six-fabric construction — CoolMax, Reprieve XS cross-sectional polyester, a wool/acrylic blend, polyamide, and spandex — and why each one was placed exactly where it is. Plus, Jay shares the story of iteration number six, the one that was almost perfect before a single seam flaw sent him back to the drawing board days after placing the final production order.

Keir Finlow-Bates is one of the most talented, mysterious and hirsute technicians in Web3, and he's identified a critical issue with Web3 today. You need to hear this...After tracking him down in frozen Finland, stalking him at a book signing in London, and buying all of his Amazon best-sellers to-date, he's agreed to join us on LinkedIn Live to share some important wisdom.We all know Smart Contracts are neither smart, nor (in most cases) contracts. But with the application of a little commercial and legal nouse, Keir recons he knows how to unlock billions in real world adoption for Blockchains?What's the secret, you say?... Well, you'd better join us to find out. And/or buy his latest book. Or both...Read the book here: https://mybook.to/sci

The podcast celebrates an unofficial milestone of 450 episodes, with Lyndell welcoming special guest host Johan Duvenhage. There were adventurers aplenty at special days in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden, and the hangover from Japan's special day means there are plenty of imperfect pronunciations to please - or punish - your ears. Reginald profiles Japan, but their pronunciation hack is too late to save Lyndell. We have roving reports from Sunshine Beach and Futakotamagawa and Mansfield Botanic parkruns.

Another Grand Final has come and gone, and hoo boy, what a year for Eurovision! A new winner, a first-time winning country, drama, intrigue, hot mic moments - everything a fan could want out of a Grand Final. While we've got more opinions to come next week in our yearly Eurovangies awards, this week we've got our immediate thoughts about the contest. Jeremy mourns for his beloved Sam, Dimitry's pleased to Australia return to what they do best, and Oscar says Biiiiiiitch! The New York Times articles discussed on this week's episode: https://www.nytimes.com/2026/05/11/world/europe/eurovision-israel-gaza-netanyahu.html https://www.nytimes.com/2026/05/11/world/europe/eurovision-israel-votes.html This week's companion playlist: https://open.spotify.com/playlist/4wKOZdC2xwpGdfkSl7N8zl Help support this show and unlock bonus content! Become a member at https://maximumfun.org/joineurovangelists Eurovangelists is an American Eurovision podcast, made in the US for Eurovision fans worldwide. The Eurovangelists are Jeremy Bent, Oscar Montoya and Dimitry Pompée.The theme was arranged and recorded by Cody McCorry and Faye Fadem, and the logo was designed by Tom Deja.Production support for this show was provided by the Maximum Fun network.The show is edited by Jeremy Bent with audio mixing help was courtesy of Shane O'Connell.Find Eurovangelists on social media as @eurovangelists on Instagram and @eurovangelists.com on Bluesky, or send us an email at eurovangelists@gmail.com. Head to https://maxfunstore.com/collections/eurovangelists for Eurovangelists merch. Also follow the Eurovangelists account on Spotify and check out our playlists of Eurovision hits, competitors in upcoming national finals, and companion playlists to every single episode, including this one!

In this episode of the Living in San Diego Podcast, Chris and Cass sit down with Jason Farnan, better known as Lieutenant Facemelter, the 2013 U.S. National Air Guitar Champion.Jason gives us a behind-the-scenes look at the wild world of competitive air guitar, from local San Diego competitions to the U.S. Nationals and the Air Guitar World Championships in Oulu, Finland. We talk about how routines are judged, what “airness” actually means, the costumes, the stage personas, and why this fringe art form is a lot more serious than people might think.We also get into Jason's story of moving from Rochester, New York to San Diego, how the documentary Air Guitar Nation pulled him into the scene, and what it has been like performing as Lieutenant Facemelter for more than a decade.Plus, Jason shares another side of his career as a professional graphic and UX designer, including the story behind creating a trumpet-themed logo for New York Mets closer Edwin Díaz that ended up being sold as official merchandise at Citi Field.And if you're in San Diego, there's an upcoming San Diego Air Guitar competition happening Saturday, May 30th at 7:00 PM at Booze Brothers Brewing Company in Vista. It's free, all-ages, and open to new competitors.LINKS: Event (FREE): https://www.instagram.com/p/DWvGvW3lCNh/ Lt. Facemelter: https://www.instagram.com/ltfacemelter/SD Air Guitar: https://www.instagram.com/sdairguitar/US Air Guitar: https://www.instagram.com/usairguitar/Lt. Facemelter World Championship: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cMRWGzVYJkARandy Diablo: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yt4WwI3c0rs

The UK government is regulating Bitcoin the same way it regulates meme coins and the consequences are already showing. Susie Violet Ward of Bitcoin Policy UK joins Brandon Green to explain why the FCA's blanket approach is dangerous, how KYC data leaks are fueling a wave of violent physical attacks across Europe, and why Bitcoin mining could save the UK over a billion pounds a year in wasted energy. They also tackle the stablecoin debate and Susie's year-long fight to get the BBC to correct false Bitcoin reporting.

Cristobal MarYan is a Mexican composer of an eclectic variety of music. From contemporary classical to music for film, TV, and theatre. He has been composer-in-residence for the Orchestra of the Americas. His works have been performed in New York, Moscow, Finland, Canada, Abu Dhabi, Sri Lanka, and Panama. His music has been played by Yo-Yo Ma and by the Mexico City Philharmonic Orchestra, among others. He scored "Son of Monarchs," a Sundance Film Festival prize winner, “Two Lakes” by Amazon Prime, and TV Ads for Chevrolet and Nissan among others.  My featured song is “The Gift”. Spotify link. —----------------------------------------------------------- The Follow Your Dream Podcast:Top 1% of all podcasts with Listeners in 200 countries! Click here for All Episodes  Click here for Guest List  Click here for Guest Groupings  Click here for Guest Testimonials Click here to Subscribe  Click here to receive our Email Updates Click here to Rate and Review the podcast —---------------------------------------- CONNECT WITH CRISTOBAL:www.crismaryan.com —---------------------------------------- ROBERT'S NEWEST RELEASE:“MI CACHIMBER ALL STARS” is the new, expanded version of Robert's single, “Mi Cachimber”, which he wrote for his father. Featuring Camila Cortina on Rhodes and Xito Lovell on trombone in addition to Benny Benack III and Dave Smith on flugelhorn, and Project Grand Slam's rhythm section. CLICK HERE FOR OFFICIAL VIDEO CLICK HERE FOR ALL LINKS —-------------------------------------- ROBERT'S RECENT RELEASE: “MA PETITE FLEUR STRING QUARTET” is Robert's latest release. It transforms his jazz ballad into a lush classical string quartet piece. Praised by a host of classical music stars. CLICK HERE FOR YOUTUBE LINK CLICK HERE FOR ALL LINKS —---------------------------------------- Audio production: Jimmy RavenscroftKymera Films   Connect with the Follow Your Dream Podcast: Website - www.followyourdreampodcast.comEmail Robert - robert@followyourdreampodcast.com   Follow Robert's band, Project Grand Slam, and his music: Website - www.projectgrandslam.comYouTubeSpotify MusicApple MusicEmail - pgs@projectgrandslam.com    

In the latest episode of the WGI Unleashed Podcast, hosts Dan and Katie head back to South Florida to sit down with Susanna Coleman, an Administrative Assistant in WGI's Fort Lauderdale office! Susanna's story is one of curiosity, reinvention, and an unshakable love of learning. From the south side of Chicago to the shipyards of Scandinavia, Susanna has lived what she jokingly calls "several lives" — and each one has shaped the curious, people-loving teammate she is today. This is one conversation you won't want to miss. From the South Side of Chicago to South Florida Born and raised in a tight-knit, blue-collar suburb just south of Chicago, Susanna grew up as a self-described "total '80s kid." She and her sister walked to school, rode bikes around the neighborhood, and stayed out until their mom called them in. Family and culture were at the heart of it all. Her father immigrated from central Mexico in his twenties, and with both sides of her family rooted in Mexican heritage, Susanna grew up immersed in the culture, the language, and the food. Each year, the family made the epic three-day drive from Chicago to Celaya, Guanajuato — armed with coloring books, crayons, and a lasting appreciation for the great state of Texas, which never seemed to end. Even as a kid, Susanna sensed that Chicago wasn't her forever home. Standing at a bus stop in negative-degree weather, she remembers thinking, "There has to be something better." That instinct would eventually carry her south. Several Lives, One Common Thread After heading to Southern Illinois University, Susanna earned a degree in photo production technology, the technical, chemistry-driven side of photography. A professor's recommendation led to her first career with Noritsu, a company that manufactured one-hour photo lab equipment. For the next nine years, she traveled the world installing and balancing photo equipment, covering Central and South America and even outfitting brand-new cruise ships in the shipyards of Finland and Sweden. She filled two passports and visited nearly every country in Central America along the way. When the photo industry went digital, Susanna took a leap. A lifelong lover of teaching and the outdoors, she found her place at Camp Live Oak, operating out of Birch State Park in Fort Lauderdale. What began as an on-site director role grew into 18 years as associate director. She did a little of everything, from canoeing and archery to art and science, and shepherded the camp through its rigorous American Camp Association accreditation every three years. Ready for a change after nearly two decades outdoors, Susanna spent three years as a clinic manager at a health and wellness practice, sharpening her operations and HR skills before realizing healthcare wasn't her long-term fit. Finding Her Place at WGI The throughline in every chapter of Susanna's career is simple: she loves to learn. "If the subject interests me, I will dive in headfirst," she says — reading, asking questions, and digging into the "why" behind everything. That same curiosity is exactly what she brought to WGI. This August will mark three years with the firm, and Susanna says she's finally fluent in the acronyms and the surprising amount of work that goes into building a road (IYKYK). No two days look the same. Susanna keeps the office running while managing events and conferences across WGI's Customer Support Manager, supporting HR initiatives, helping plan Engineers' Week, and lending a hand wherever her teammates need her. As one of WGI's busiest hosting offices, Fort Lauderdale always has something happening, and Susanna is often the person behind the scenes making sure it all runs smoothly. Life Outside the Office These days, much of Susanna's time is happily spent at the ballfield, cheering on her daughter's softball games and her son's travel baseball. When she carves out time for herself, she returns to her first love: photography. She's an active member of 52 Clicks, an Instagram community of photographers who shoot a new themed prompt each week and trade feedback. Her medium of choice is black-and-white portraiture, and she's planning a portrait series of her book club friends, complete with a small gallery opening at the end of the year! At home, she's joined by Lupita, a 12-year-old boxer mix affectionately known as "Lupita La Loca." And her hidden talent? Susanna is a gifted party host — a skill she credits to her mother. She has a knack for making everyone feel welcome, connecting guests who might never have met otherwise, and bringing the energy the moment the party starts. A Few Fun Surprises True to WGI Unleashed form, the episode is packed with games and a few great reveals. Susanna is fully confident she'd survive a zombie apocalypse (camp-director skills, a trusty sword, and all), and she nearly stumped Dan and Katie with a round of Two Truths and a Lie. Did she go to high school with a young Kanye West? You'll have to listen to hear the rest. Tune In Susanna's journey is a reminder that there's no single path to a meaningful career. Sometimes it's the curiosity to keep learning and the courage to reinvent yourself that lead you exactly where you're meant to be. Listen to this episode of WGI Unleashed on your favorite podcast platform and stay tuned for more conversations with the people, projects, and culture that define WGI.  Subscribe to WGI Unleashed to receive alerts every time a new episode drops. You can find us on Spotify, Apple Podcasts, iHeart Radio, or wherever you find your favorite podcasts.

Send us Fan MailJYKA is probably the only country artist from Finland. With his early beginning in music, a rock bass player, to moving to Nashville and starting on his dream of writing songs, performing his style of storytelling! y'all check him out at all socialspronounced  yu-kahfacebook@countryjykainstagram@countryjykaSupport the showThe David Bradley ShowHost: David Bradleyhttps://www.facebook.com/100087472238854https://youtube.com/@thedavidbradleyshowwww.thedavidbradleyshow.com Like to be a guestContact Usdavid@thedavidbradleyshow.comRecorded at Bradley StudiosProduced by: Caitlin BackesProud  CMA MemberSPONSERSPurity DairyViation AV/ ITDKDproductions

Transforming healthcare delivery in resource-limited contexts around the world calls for compassionate, innovative solutions. Learn how The Luke Commission is bringing healthcare to the most isolated and underserved in Eswatini through a scalable model for advancing health equity.

Det fanns en oro i riket när de församlade ständerna den 16 juni 1527 steg in i dominikanernas kloster i Västerås för att samlas till Sveriges första riktiga riksdag med representation av alla fyra stånden.Gustav Vasa var pressad av upprorsrykten från Dalarna och stora skulder till Lübeck, men han hade en lösning – kyrkan skulle betala. Med mycken politisk teater, åtminstone enligt Peder Svarts krönika, lyckades Gustav vingklippa den mäktiga kyrkan och ta en stor del av deras rikedomar. Riksdagen blev också ett godkännande för en försiktig reformation.I detta avsnitt av podden Historia Nu samtalar programledaren Urban Lindstedt med historikern Olle Larsson som skrivit boken Gustav Vasa – Furstar bland furstar. Detta är ett betalt samarbete med Västersås stad i inför 500 års-jubileet av Västerås riksdag år 1527.Västerås år 1527 räknas ofta som den första riksdagen i modern mening därför att ständerna här framträder tydligare som politiska aktörer i en förhandlingsprocess. Omkring 200 ledamöter nämns, och kungen lade fram sin proposition medan ständerna gav egna svar – ett mönster som gör det möjligt att tala om en riksdag som institution snarare än ett utvidgat rådsmöte.Att riksdagen hamnade i Västerås var inte självklart. Den var ursprungligen tänkt att hållas i Söderköping, men de oroliga förhållandena, särskilt i Dalarna, gjorde platsvalet osäkert. Västerås låg strategiskt så att kungens militära uppbåd snabbt kunde sättas in om läget försämrades norrut.Själva mötet kunde inte hållas på slottet eftersom det var härjat av unionsstriderna, och därför samlades man i dominikanernas kloster. Att just klostret blev riksdagens arena är talande: kort efteråt revs byggnaden och teglet användes för att renovera slottet – ett konkret eko av hur kyrkans resurser skulle komma att styras om till kronans behov.Det är också viktigt att notera att representationen inte var fullständig; den östra rikshalvan, Finland, var inte representerad. Ändå var uppslutningen och dokumentationen tillräckligt stark för att ge besluten särskild tyngd och för att Västerås 1527 i efterhand ska uppfattas som en milstolpe i riksdagens framväxt.I svensk tradition berättas också hur Gustav Vasa under förhandlingarna spelade högt – bland annat genom att antyda att han kunde avsäga sig ansvaret att styra om han inte fick stöd. Själva förloppet är källkritiskt svårt att följa i detalj; en central berättande källa är Peder Svarts krönika, som är omdiskuterad. Utfallet är däremot entydigt: ständerna accepterade en kursändring som gjorde kyrkans rikedomar åtkomliga för kronan.Bildtext: Västerås riksdag. Illustration av Elias Martin till Peder Svarts krönika, sent 1700-tal. På bilden skildras hur de fyra stånden håller enskilda överläggningar under riksdagen i Västerås 1527: adeln längst till vänster, därefter prästerna samlade kring biskop Brask (med biskopsmitra), följda av borgare och bönder. Bakom dem står kanslern Laurentius Andreæ, igenkännbar med långt skägg och kalott. Bilden ingår i samlingarna vid Uppsala universitetsbibliotek.Musik: Aria för sopran med obligat oboe ur Johann Sebastian Bachs kantat BWV 80, Ein' feste Burg ist unser Gott, komponerad och framförd i kyrklig kontext i Leipzig 1723. Musikexemplet belyser hur luthersk koraltradition blev konstmusik under reformationstidens efterklang. Johann Sebastian Bach. Wikimedia Commons. Public domain,Klippare: Emanuel Lehtonen Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

I listened to every album by Deep Turtle and you should, too. Deep Turtle was an insane and unpredictable experimental prog band from Pori, Finland in the 90s and early 00s. And that's about all I know. Mysterious, hilarious, and too good to be forgotten once you've heard them.   Who Are Deep Turtle? 00:00 Searching For Info Online 2:38 Rip-Off Dokumento 5:15 There's a Vomitsprinkler in My Liverriver 12:41 The Peel Session 17:56 Tutina! 18:30 Recommend Me Some Albums 19:30 Turkele 21:20 Breakup 23:54 Outro 25:37   ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------   Join the Patreon, it rules: https://www.patreon.com/everyalbumever   Mike's music: Pander Monkey on Bandcamp, Spotify, Apple,   Mike on Instagram @pandermonkey Tom on Instagram @tomosmansounds   Tom Osman's stuff: Music on Spotify, Apple, Website Podcast on Spotify, YouTube     ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Mike's Picks: There's a Vomitsprinkler in My Liverriver (1994) -- Best, Personal Favorite Turkele (2003) -- Worst, Least Favorite  

In HOTWIRED: How the Hidden Power of Heat Makes Us Stronger (Harper Wave; on sale 3/17/2026), Bill Gifford-science journalist and coauthor of the #1 New York Times bestseller Outlive-delivers a groundbreaking look at the science of heat adaptation and sweat therapy such as sauna, revealing how we can unlock our forgotten evolutionary superpowers. Drawing on pioneering research in evolutionary biology, thermal physiology, and mental health, Gifford explores how humans evolved to thrive in the heat-and how modern life has disconnected us from this advantage. Blending innovative science, personal experiences, and actionable insights, Gifford shows how targeted heat exposure can boost resilience, longevity, and even happiness by activating the body's innate survival mechanisms.During his two-year exploration of the power of heat, Gifford sweated all over the world and dug in deep with experts, athletes, workers, scientists, sauna addicts, and more. His fascinating journey included:· Immersing himself in local sauna cultures around the world, from Finland to Bucharest to Minnesota to New York City, where he bonded with complete strangers in a social sauna and felt the power of communal wellness· Serving as a test subject in a cutting-edge heat lab dedicated to pushing the limits of heat adaptation for athletes and to protecting workers from heatstroke· Putting the science of heat training into practice on a 100-mile bike ride under a scorching Texas sunBecome a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/arroe-collins-unplugged-totally-uncut--994165/support.

For centuries, the Sámi people have preserved their spiritual traditions across the Arctic regions of Norway, Sweden, Finland, and Russia's Kola Peninsula. Mythology of the Sámi (Minorities within Minorities) brings together the rich tapestry of Sámi spiritual traditions, revealing the profound differences between the various Sámi cultures that outsiders often fail to recognize. From the western coastal communities to the eastern reindeer herders, from the Forest Sámi to the lake-dwelling Inari Sámi, each group developed their own unique pantheon of gods, goddesses, and mythical beings.Nina shares some of her personal experiences from her family and the Sámi peoples from across Northern Europe. You can watch a performance of Jolk here: You can find Nina's book here: Thank you to Nina for joining me.Our Patreon is live, if you want to support the show and get Ad-Free episodes, bonus content, early release of the regular show and monthly prizes for everyone who signs up!Join now for $4 a month!You can also support the show by leaving a review to help spread the word.Don't forget, you can now show your support with our brand new Merchandise shop on Tee-Public!Click here for all the show merch!You can join us on Facebook and Instagram as well.You can also subscribe to our YouTube channel!Email us at mysteriesandmonsters@gmail.com with any feedback, guest suggestions or if you'd like to appear.           All artwork by Dean Bestall and the show was produced by Brennan Storr of the Ghost Story Guys. Our theme music is kindly provided by the amazing Weary Pines, you can find them here:  Intro - Zombies Ate My Shotgun     Outro - Into The Night #NinaMielipäivä #MythologyOfTheSámi #Finland #Norway #Sweden #Russia #Kola #Mystical #Animism #Reindeer #Wolf #Werewolf #NorthernLights #AuroraBorialis #Magic #Fish #Shamans #Witches #Drums #Jolk #Kofte

Anton Lundell joins the latest episode of Territory Talk to discuss stepping up in Aleksander Barkov's absence this past season, his goals for the World Championship, his plans for the summer and more!

Jane Pauley hosts our annual look at design. Featured: Tiny homes in your backyard; Louis Vuitton; Adobe house construction; Finland's Marimekko; domino art; Philadelphia food favorites; chandeliers; Longwood Gardens; rare maps; and director Jon Favreau of "The Mandalorian and Grogu". To learn more about listener data and our privacy practices visit: https://www.audacyinc.com/privacy-policy Learn more about your ad choices. Visit https://podcastchoices.com/adchoices

U-S President Donald Trump claims a joint operation with Nigerian forces has killed ISIS global second—in—command Abu—Bilal al—Minuki.An Ebola outbreak spreads from the D-R-C to Uganda as health officials confirm an imported death in Kampala from a rare, vaccine—resistant strain.An earworm charity jingle forced to go silent in California after judges ruling.Montreal Canadiens hope to wrap up series against Buffalo Saturday on home ice.Amid political tensions at Eurovision, Finland's high — energy anthem "Flamethrower" emerges as a crowd favourite, bringing arena — style energy perfect for a Habs playoff night.

This week, we review the pleasantly robust results from global beer companies during the first quarter of 2026. More importantly, we bid adieu to a dear friend and longtime contributor, Francois Sonneville.  For those wanting to thank Francois for years of fantastic industry coverage, please reach out: FSonneville@yahoo.co.uk.  We discuss individual company results at the following timestamps:  Heineken (7:32): Results are stable heading into a leadership transition. AB InBev (15:44): Revenue, volumes, and EBITDA are all well ahead of expectations. RTDs, Michelob, and Busch are filling the gap left by Bud Light.  Constellation Brands (24:20): Business is stabilizing following a tough year in 2025. Royal Unibrew (32:22): Despite strong results from a highly diversified business, the headline was the loss of the PepsiCo business in Denmark, Finland, and the Baltic states, which account for nearly one-sixth of company revenue.   Carlsberg (38:40): Both volume and revenues grew, with strong performance in the UK as the integration of Britvic goes forward. The headline is the switch from Coca-Cola to PepsiCo in Denmark and Finland and taking on the Baltic states from Royal Unibrew.  Molson Coors (48:20): Volume is down, but revenues are flat with improved EBITDA, though costs pressures – aluminum in particular – remain a headache.      Have a question, qualm or story to tell, reach out via email: Bourcard.Nesin@Rabobank.com Sign up to access our written research: RaboResearch sign-up   Note: The content and opinions presented within this podcast are not intended as investment advice, and the opinions rendered are that of the individuals and not Rabobank or its affiliates and should not be considered a solicitation or offer to sell or provide services.   Disclaimer: Please refer to our global RaboResearch disclaimer at https://www.rabobank.com/knowledge/disclaimer/011417027/disclaimer for information about the scope and limitations of the material published on the podcast. 

Voici l'essentiel sur la récente paralysie de l'aéroport d'Helsinki. Here is the essential information on the recent paralysis of the Helsinki airport.Vous savez, le trafic aérien d'une grande capitale européenne a été brusquement interrompu par une menace de drone. You know, air traffic in a major European capital was abruptly interrupted by a drone threat.Imaginez un peu, un arrêt total des vols à Helsinki le 15 mai, de 4 heures à 7 heures du matin. Just imagine, a total shutdown of flights in Helsinki on May 15th, from 4 a.m. to 7 a.m.Le Premier ministre Petteri Orpo a carrément lancé une alerte pour la région d'Uusimaa, et les secours ont même demandé à la population de se mettre à l'abri. Prime Minister Petteri Orpo actually issued an alert for the Uusimaa region, and emergency services even asked the population to seek shelter.Les garde-côtes finlandais enquêtent déjà sur de récentes violations de l'espace aérien, impliquant notamment quatre drones qui se sont écrasés en Finlande fin mars et en avril. he Finnish Coast Guard is already investigating recent airspace violations, notably involving four drones that crashed in Finland in late March and April.La racine du problème est purement géopolitique. The root of the problem is purely geopolitical.Ces précédents drones venaient très probablement d'Ukraine, et Kiev s'est d'ailleurs excusé en précisant que les appareils avaient été déviés de leur trajectoire par des interférences russes. These previous drones very likely came from Ukraine, and Kyiv has since apologized, specifying that the devices had been diverted from their path by Russian interference. Hébergé par Acast. Visitez acast.com/privacy pour plus d'informations.

Masha shares how her son's Type 1 diabetes diagnosis didn't stop her family's six-month move to Finland weeks later , emphasizing the power of education over fear. ABLEnow save for today's needs or invest for tomorrow Eversense CGM Medtronic Diabetes Tandem Mobi ** Use code JUICEBOX to save 20% at Cozy Earth  CONTOUR NextGen smart meter and CONTOUR DIABETES app Dexcom G7 Go tubeless with Omnipod 5 or Omnipod DASH * Get your supplies from US MED  or call 888-721-1514 Touched By Type 1 Take the T1DExchange survey Apple Podcasts> Subscribe to the podcast today! The podcast is available on Spotify, Google Play, iHeartRadio, Radio Public, Amazon Music and all Android devices The Juicebox Podcast is a free show, but if you'd like to support the podcast directly, you can make a gift here or buy me a coffee. Thank you! *The Pod has an IP28 rating for up to 25 feet for 60 minutes. The Omnipod 5 Controller is not waterproof.  ** t:slim X2 or Tandem Mobi w/ Control-IQ+ technology (7.9 or newer). RX ONLY. Indicated for patients with type 1 diabetes, 2 years and older. BOXED WARNING:Control-IQ+ technology should not be used by people under age 2, or who use less than 5 units of insulin/day, or who weigh less than 20 lbs. Safety info: tandemdiabetes.com/safetyinfo Disclaimer - Nothing you hear on the Juicebox Podcast or read on Arden's Day is intended as medical advice. You should always consult a physician before making changes to your health plan.  If the podcast has helped you to live better with type 1 please tell someone else how to find it!  

WATCH THE EPISODE HEREHighlights & “Must-Listen” Moments* 0:00 — Amy's food week: New iPad, spinach artichoke dip, and a Portland, Maine eating trip: Amy's rocking a new-to-her iPad Pro with a suspiciously flattering built-in filter she has no intention of turning off. David (bravely) compliments her on how great she's been looking. Amy's her son Ollie is a high school senior, and Scott made her a video of his first 18 years for Mother's Day that had her in tears in a quarter of a second.* On the food front: a spinach artichoke dip brought to a friend's house for the (heartbreaking) Celtics playoff loss, brownies for a school play rehearsal from a beloved Betty Crocker Cookbook for Kids circa 1980–81 (butter + unsweetened chocolate, double boiler, no shortcuts), and a strawberry ricotta cannoli tart with a press-in shortbread crust that she's calling her summer go-to.* 3:37 — Portland, Maine: Amy's restaurant report: Ladyfish — a six-month residency pop-up from Jordan Rubin (Mr. Tuna) and New York chef Christine Lau — serving strikingly fresh seafood and a vermouth program Amy says will define her summer (”vermouth and soda with a squeeze of lemon”). Leeward: the restaurant where even the salad makes you want to fall out of your chair. Bread & Friends for breakfast. ZuBakery, a James Beard Award winner. The density of great restaurants in Portland remains unmatched.* 8:27 — David's food week: A Swiss chard and leek tart, blueberry crumble, Amatriciana, and vinegar-glossed chicken: David attempted to wake at 7:30 and cook a tart, a crumble, prep a podcast, shower, make reservations to Greece (September!), and book doctor's appointments — all before noon. ADHD-addled but determined. The tart: Swiss chard, leeks, and goat cheese in an herb crust with chopped rosemary and thyme, custard of cream and eggs and nutmeg, pre-baked, gorgeous. Served alongside the blueberry crumble from his website for French friends visiting from Roxbury, Connecticut. He also made Amatriciana again (guanciale, San Marzano tomatoes, red pepper flakes) and, for the first time since its publication, Lucinda Scala Quinn's vinegar-glossed chicken from Mad Hungry — thighs started in a cold skillet, rendered low and slow, finished with a full cup of red wine vinegar, rosemary, and garlic until it becomes a syrupy glaze. Verdict: extraordinary. Next time, a touch of honey.* 9:28 — Introducing Fresh by Lisa Steele: Lisa Steele is a Maine-based backyard farmer, seasonal cook, and author of the Fresh Eggs Daily Cookbook. She raises chickens, ducks, and geese on a rural farm and brings her Scandinavian heritage and New England roots to everything she makes. Her second cookbook, In Season: 125+ Sweet and Savory Recipes Celebrating Simple, Fresh Ingredients, just came out.She also hosted two seasons of Welcome to My Farm on American Public Television/PBS. Yankee Magazine featured the book in its March/April issue — thanks, Amy!* 10:49 — The family chicken legacy: Lisa grew up in central Massachusetts, where her grandparents ran a full commercial two-story, two-wing chicken barn. She was in 4-H and has been around chickens for most of her life. David's husband remains unmoved after 30 years of lobbying — until Lisa offers the decisive argument: “There are many other potential husbands out there.” (Shouted into the kitchen. Received without comment.)* 13:30 — The quality of grocery store eggs, and what backyard eggs actually taste like: Lisa makes the case that the backyard chicken movement pressured commercial egg producers to raise their standards — fresher eggs, brighter yolks, more variety. And yes, you can manipulate yolk color by adding carotenoid-rich foods (leafy greens, paprika, marigold, alfalfa, xanthophyll) to feed. But nothing compares to an egg collected from your coop and baked with that same morning.* 16:50 — Why In Season is not a farm-to-table book (even though it kind of is): Lisa wanted to write another egg cookbook. Her agent said sequels don't sell. Harper Collins bought “farm-to-table” immediately. Lisa hated the phrase, negotiated a full chapter on eggs, and eventually came around — because the seasonal structure actually forced her to write more versatile recipes. She even discovered she likes salads now, provided there are blackberries and feta on them. The words “farm to table” do not appear in the book.* 18:32 — The structure of the book — seasonal within categories: Chapters are organized by type (soups, salads, etc.), but within each chapter, recipes are sorted seasonally. So you're not just looking for soup — you're looking for a soup that belongs to this time of year. One Goodreads reviewer complained that what's in season in Maine isn't what's in season everywhere. Lisa's response: fair point, but she wrote it universally, not for Maine specifically — because if she had, there would be no spring chapter.* 19:44 — Lisa's garden (and its honest current state): In Virginia, Lisa had a huge horse-pasture garden fertilized with manure — cucumbers, squash, pumpkins, everything thriving. In Maine, she took the Master Gardener program and learned that the very long summer days compensate for the short frost-free season (roughly 100 days). She's grown sweet potatoes, watermelon, and corn. Today? A dedicated garlic bed, herb planters on the deck, and whatever tomato plant a friend hands her. She's at peace with this.* 22:14 — Amy's garden confession: Three blocks from the Boston city line, Amy has a small four-by-four raised bed. Last year she gave up on vegetables and grew flowers instead. This year: herbs. Lisa approves — fresh tarragon and dill are genuinely hard to source locally, and herbs are where home growing makes the most impact (looking at you, tomatoes).* 25:15 — Sweet deviled eggs — Black Forest and Piña Colada: The book has a chapter on sweet deviled eggs. The Black Forest deviled eggs came from a failed blueberry cheesecake deviled egg attempt (the yolk turned gray — a dead end). Lisa pivoted to chocolate and landed on something that tastes almost like chocolate pudding in an egg white. The Piña Colada version features coconut on top. If you serve enough margaritas alongside them, no one will even notice the eggs.* 27:05 — The case for steaming eggs (and against boiling them): David and Lisa are both committed steamers. The method: an inch or two of water in a pot, a bamboo steamer/colander/mesh strainer, add eggs once steam is coming through, cover, same timing as boiling (10–12 minutes for hard-cooked), then straight into ice water. Benefits over boiling: eggs peel perfectly every time (even fresh eggs), no cracking from bouncing in boiling water, no gray-green ring around the yolk (steaming is gentler heat), and that hot-to-cold shock does something sciencey that makes the shell release cleanly. No baking soda, no holes poked, no counter-popping required. David calls the pocked, dimpled result of boiled eggs “egg acne.” He has been cured for twelve years.* 33:38 — How to make creamy scrambled eggs: Fresh eggs only — they have enough moisture that you don't need to add milk or water. Whisk really well (air = creaminess). Butter in a pan over low heat. Pour in, move for large curds or stir more for small. The key: take them off before they look done. They should still be wet and glossy. The enemy is overcooking, which leads to dry, weepy eggs with liquid seeping around the edges of the plate.* 35:24 — Poaching eggs in things other than water: Starting with the basic whirlpool technique, Lisa began asking: why are we limiting ourselves to water? The book includes eggs poached in maple syrup (served over buttered toast, it reads like a deconstructed pancake), beer, wine, and butter beer. The Avgolemono poached eggs — borrowing from the classic Greek egg-and-lemon soup — bring citrus brightness without extra salt or seasonings.* 37:31 — Scandinavian heritage in the book: Lisa's grandparents emigrated from Finland to International Falls, Minnesota (cold and snowy, just like home, which they quickly reconsidered) before landing on Cape Cod and then Central Massachusetts. Lisa spent a year in Finland in sixth grade while her father completed his doctorate. The cookbook includes a Finnish Creamed Rice with Cranberry Soup — something between rice pudding and a floating island — with a thick cranberry sauce (standing in for Finland's lingonberries) and whipped cream, re-created from memory of a great-aunt's version because there was no recipe to inherit.* 40:30 — Maple brown sugar pot de crème with bourbon whipped cream and bacon bits: Maine means maple. Lisa tried variations on crème brûlée for years and kept finding that it's too pure a dessert to mess with (she even objects to restaurant versions served with cookies and berries alongside — “it should just be it”). She pivoted to pot de crème, which is more forgiving and invites variations.* The maple-bacon version is spectacular. David makes his own espresso maple bacon — cured five days with maple and espresso powder, then smoked — which he describes as “breakfast in a bite.”* 42:22 — The Burnt Basque Cheesecake: Lisa included it before it went truly viral, when she felt it was still something most people hadn't heard of. The appeal: no crust, much more forgiving than traditional cheesecake, deeply flavorful from the caramelization. (David makes a pomegranate molasses version.) The challenge of cookbook timing: you write a recipe thinking it's a discovery, and by the time the book comes out two years later, it's everywhere — or in some cases, something you created for a TV episode goes viral and you can never quite prove it.* 43:45 — The flight of jammy eggs went viral — and Lisa was doing it first: Lisa featured a row of varied jammy eggs on a wooden board as part of an episode of Welcome to My Farm before it exploded on social media. She was not happy when it happened. “I was cringing inside.” The cookbook timing problem strikes again — you turn in your manuscript over a year before publication, and the world moves fast.* 44:52 — How to actually start keeping backyard chickens: Go to a feed store, get baby chicks, bring them home in a box. For six to eight weeks, keep them in a plastic tote with a heat lamp, food, and water. Once they're big enough and it's warm enough outside: a small coop (doghouse-sized works for five or six chickens), close to the house, predator-proofed. Wait five to six months. Fresh eggs. No new husband required.* 45:13 — Goodbye, Lisa: She's at Fresh Eggs Daily across all social platforms. In Season is out now.Recipes Mentioned* Spinach Artichoke Dip (Amy's, for the Celtics wake)* Betty Crocker Cookbook for Kids Brownies (butter + unsweetened chocolate, double boiler — Amy will post this recipe)* Strawberry Ricotta Cannoli Tart (press-in shortbread crust, ricotta filling, fresh strawberries and raspberries)* Swiss Chard, Leek, and Goat Cheese Tart in an Herb Crust (with rosemary, thyme, and a cream-egg-nutmeg custard)* Blueberry Crumble* Bucatini all'Amatriciana (guanciale, San Marzano tomatoes, red pepper flakes)* Vinegar-Glossed Chicken (from Mad Hungry by Lucinda Scala Quinn)* Black Forest Deviled Eggs (chocolate yolk filling, from In Season)* Piña Colada Deviled Eggs (coconut-topped, from In Season)* Steamed Hard-Cooked Eggs (Lisa's method — bamboo steamer, ice water bath)* Scrambled Eggs (fresh eggs, butter, low heat, pulled early while still glossy)* Maple Syrup Poached Eggs (on buttered toast)* Avgolemono Poached Eggs (from In Season)* Finnish Rice Porridge with Cranberry Sauce and Whipped Cream (from In Season)* Maple Brown Sugar Pot de Crème with Bourbon Whipped Cream and Bacon (from In Season)* Burnt Basque Cheesecake (from In Season)* David's Pomegranate Molasses Basque Cheesecake* David's Espresso Maple Bacon (homemade, five-day cure, smoked)Books and Publications* In Season: 125+ Sweet and Savory Recipes Celebrating Simple, Fresh Ingredients by Lisa Steele — out now* Fresh Eggs Daily Cookbook by Lisa Steele — her first cookbook* Mad Hungry: Feeding Men and Boys by Lucinda Scala Quinn — source of the vinegar-glossed chicken* Pimento Cheese: The Southern Spread by Rebecca Lang — mentioned in passingWhere to Find Us* Amy Traverso* Instagram | Yankee* David Leite* Instagram | Pinterest | Facebook | Youtube* Lisa Steele* Blog | Instagram | YouTube This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit davidleite.substack.com

In this of Sauna Talk, Glenn Auerbach is joined bench-side by Josh Leddy of Get Sweaty with Leddy and sauna builder Leif Kjorness of Excelsior Saunas for a deeply personal and wide-ranging conversation recorded after multiple sauna and cold plunge rounds on Lake Ann in Minnesota.  What unfolds is more than a discussion about sauna. It's a conversation about craftsmanship, friendship, healing, community, and the ways sauna culture continues to evolve while still holding onto its roots. Josh shares how his lifelong connection to sauna eventually inspired him to launch Get Sweaty with Leddy, a YouTube channel and podcast focused on natural healing, pain management, and meaningful conversations that happen best on the sauna bench. He talks about his upcoming mobile sauna project, his vision for creating immersive wellness gatherings through movement and music, and why sauna creates a unique environment where people can truly connect without barriers. Leif reflects on his journey from custom home building into the sauna world, and how building saunas became more than construction work — it became a calling. He discusses craftsmanship, quality building principles, the importance of slowing life down, and the fulfillment that comes from creating spaces where people gather, reflect, and reconnect with themselves and each other. The conversation also dives into the details behind the "party sauna" concept, including large panoramic windows, skylights, thoughtful ventilation, and building mobile saunas designed to foster memorable shared experiences. Throughout the episode, Glenn shares stories from the early days of SaunaTimes, the origins of Sauna Days on the North Shore of Lake Superior, and his own formative sauna experiences hitchhiking through Finland and Sweden as a young traveler. Together, the three discuss the rise of mobile sauna culture in Minnesota, the power of hot-cold contrast therapy, the difference between manufactured cold plunges and natural bodies of water, and the emotional reset that happens when people gather around heat, steam, cold water, and conversation. There are moments of humor, reflection, and philosophy woven throughout — from stories about cutting fresh ice holes by hand to discussions about social media fatigue, authentic community building, and the importance of finding your own operating system for life. Glenn closes by sharing the personal framework that grounds him today: Freedom, Enoughness, Nature, and Simplicity. This episode captures what sauna culture is really about at its best: generosity, vulnerability, camaraderie, and the simple but profound experience of being fully present together. Topics discussed include: Mobile sauna culture Sauna building and craftsmanship Sauna Days and grassroots sauna community Cold plunging and winter swimming Natural healing and pain management Lake Superior sauna culture Music, movement, and sauna gatherings The mental and physical benefits of contrast therapy Friendship, reflection, and slowing down The future of sauna culture in America Guests: Josh Leddy — Get Sweaty with Leddy Leaf Kjorness — Excelsior Saunas

In 1970 two friends and skiers Aarno and Esko were traversing the frozen wilderness of Southern Finland when they had a close encounter of the third kind (CE3), experiencing a never-before-seen type of alien carrying a box, but let's just say it didn't come bearing gifts… But what happened after their encounter? Was there physical evidence of the UFO landing? And why is this case considered so believable? Time for Rory and Kit to investigate. LONDON LIVE SHOW https://www.tickettailor.com/events/cheerfulearful/2084541 Become a commune member to get access to bonus episodes: https://thisparanormallife.com Follow us on ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Twitter⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠, ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Instagram⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠, and ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠YouTube⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Join our Secret Society Facebook Community⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Buy Official TPL Merch!⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ Edited by Philip Shacklady Researched by Ewen Friers Learn more about your ad choices. Visit podcastchoices.com/adchoices

Last time we spoke about the battle Yaoyi. Japan pushed hard into Hubei with a plan: surround the main Chinese forces and seize Yichang, hoping to use it to strike at Chongqing. At first, the fighting was chaotic and punishing. The Chinese side tried to hold the line and disrupt the advance, and they even managed setbacks for the Japanese, pushing back, retaking key ground, and hitting supply and positioning weaknesses. But victory came with a cost: commanders were lost, and every gain was hard-won. Still, the battle didn't unfold as a clean Chinese retreat or a simple Japanese win. As Japanese units shifted and tested for openings, the Chinese forces adjusted—delaying, regrouping, and fighting to keep their formations from being completely trapped. Eventually, Japan managed to break through at critical moments, especially through crossings and maneuvers that the Chinese had not fully sealed off. In the end, Japan succeeded in taking Yichang, but it didn't achieve the decisive annihilation it wanted.    #201 The New Fourth Army Incident and the Strained United Front Welcome to the Fall and Rise of China Podcast, I am your dutiful host Craig Watson. But, before we start I want to also remind you this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Perhaps you want to learn more about the history of Asia? Kings and Generals have an assortment of episodes on history of asia and much more  so go give them a look over on Youtube. So please subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry for some more history related content, over on my channel, the Pacific War Channel where I cover the history of China and Japan from the 19th century until the end of the Pacific War. After the catastrophe of the early 1930s, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) entered the war against Japan in a political mood that was both hopeful and wary: it wanted to be seen as a genuine national leader of resistance, yet it also feared being absorbed—or destroyed—by the Guomindang (KMT) state it had spent years battling. That tension became the organizing principle of the war's early years. The turning point came from the Xi'an Incident in December 1936, which forced a new calculation in Nationalist politics. In the months that followed, agreements between KMT and CCP representatives were publicly proclaimed in August and September 1937, after the Shanghai fighting began. Under these arrangements, the CCP accepted constraints that in peacetime would have looked like surrender: it pledged to strive for Sun Yixian's "Three People's Principles," to end its former policies of armed revolt and sovietization, to abolish the soviet government, and to discontinue both the term "Red Army" and the expectation that its forces would operate outside central control. Communist troops would be treated as part of the national military under KMT command, and the revolution's old administrative structures were to be formally dismantled. In return, the KMT offered the CCP something just as important: space to exist publicly and politically. Liaison offices were permitted in key cities; the CCP was allowed to publish the New China Daily; and it could nominate representatives to KMT advisory bodies. Civil rights were extended—political prisoners were released—and subsidies were established to help cover administrative and military expenses in "reintegrated" areas and territories. The war thus transformed the tactical reality on the ground: the CCP could not treat the KMT as an immediate enemy, but it also could not afford to become politically passive. It had to learn how to fight Japan while building legitimacy fast enough to survive the next phase. In the first year and a half, the Party Center focused on three problems that kept returning in different forms: how the "united front" would be defined—especially what the CCP's relationship to the National government should be; how to coordinate military strategy and tactics with Nationalist units without losing control of its own operations; and how leadership should be consolidated, particularly for Mao Zedong in a party that still contained rival centers of authority. These disputes mattered not just for doctrine but for survival, because the CCP's autonomy was constantly being tested by the very alliance that was supposed to protect it. Mao's own approach to the united front combined cooperation with a refusal to surrender independence. Publicly, the CCP praised Jiang Jieshi and the KMT and promised unity, but it did so in language that was deliberately broad. In private (and in internal party debates), Mao treated unity as conditional: the CCP must not split the united front, but it also must not be "bound hand and foot." The strategic idea that emerged was political initiative under constraints—fighting when it could plausibly claim justification, keeping enough restraint that the CCP would not appear self-interested or anti-national, and deciding for itself when to engage and when to withdraw. This balance was reinforced through military reorganization. In August–September 1937, CCP forces were reorganized as the Eighth Route Army (8RA), with roughly 30,000 men drawn from Long March survivors, local forces, and new recruits. The 8RA was divided into three divisions: the 115th, 120th, and 129th, commanded by Lin Biao, He Long, and Liu Bocheng respectively. Shortly after the war began, the National government also authorized a second major Communist force: the New Fourth Army (N4A), to operate in central China. Its core came from those left behind when the Long March began in 1934—small groups surviving in difficult conditions against continuing KMT pressure. Officially authorized at 12,000, it took months to reach that strength. Nominally commanded by Ye Ting, actual military and political control rested with Xiang Ying and Chen Yi. From the start, then, the CCP's wartime "integration" with the National system coexisted with a clear effort to preserve internal control. Ideologically, the CCP worked to make its revolutionary program compatible—at least in appearance—with a national resistance coalition. On the New Democracy demonstrated how this strategy operated on two levels. In KMT-controlled spaces, its language could be read as aligning with liberal-democratic expectations: public participation, multi-party governance, legally protected civil rights. But in CCP-controlled areas, the same text could carry sharper class-based and authoritarian implications. The Party wanted a united front that broadened support without becoming committed to Nationalist limits on how society itself might be reorganized after victory. Meanwhile, even as the rhetoric of unity rose, the CCP worried about something more dangerous than military setbacks: the possibility that the KMT might accommodate Japan. Late 1939 and early 1940 made this fear harder to dismiss. Japan pursued collaboration with Wang Jingwei, culminating in the establishment of a "reorganized" government at Nanjing in March 1940. At the same time, Japanese intermediaries sought approaches to Chiang Kai-shek himself—an effort that the CCP tracked closely as a sign that peace negotiations might be possible even when battlefield conditions looked grim. Propaganda was involved, but the anxiety was real: if Japan and the Nationalists reached an arrangement, the CCP's whole wartime legitimacy-building effort could collapse overnight. As a result, the united front was interpreted inside the CCP not as a permanent coalition with the KMT, but as a flexible strategy with a cardinal purpose: to prevent peace between Japan and the Nationalists. Mao's position on the united front reflected this. For him, the alliance was meant to suspend the possibility of a China–Japan settlement, not to end the CCP's separate identity. The CCP could participate in a reconstituted national framework—possibly even a "democratic republic"—to gain legality and influence, but it should remain politically and, where possible, physically separate from the KMT. By 1939, however, the practical meaning of "flexibility" collided with reality. What had seemed, to some observers, like an unusually cordial entente began to fade. The KMT Central Committee adopted measures early in 1939 aimed at restricting Communist expansion, and armed clashes increased through the summer and continued into autumn and winter—especially around North China Communist bases. The period of rising conflict was later labeled by the CCP as the "first anti-Communist upsurge" (roughly spanning December 1939 into March 1940), but the crucial point was that both sides viewed each confrontation as a test of legal rights, moral legitimacy, and control over territory. Strategically, the CCP understood the KMT's effort as an attempt to check unauthorized growth of Communist armed power and to recover areas where influence had already slipped away—either to the Communists or, by indirect effect, to Japan. The KMT emphasized its traditional legal authority; the CCP countered with its claim to an "evolutionary" moral right to challenge the government's legitimacy. In practice, the conflict took the form of increasingly systematic military pressure, including a blockade around the Shen–Gan–Ning region. By this point, the blockade involved large numbers of troops (on the order of hundreds of thousands), halting Communist expansion and disrupting direct contact with other Communist forces farther afield, even as fighting flared along border zones and around vulnerable points in the Communist defensive perimeter. So, by the edge of the "middle years," the wartime alliance had not broken into open civil war—but it had also stopped being secure. The united front survived, yet it operated under strain: its language of cooperation continued, while "friction" between partners hardened into a central feature of the resistance struggle. Transition into the war's second phase began in early 1939, shaped by the stalemate Mao had already anticipated at the sixth plenum in late 1938. Mao argued that during this prolonged "new stage" the forces of resistance—above all, Communist-led forces—would strengthen. The overall result, however, was mixed. In Shandong and Central China, new Communist bases did take shape. But across much of North China, Japanese consolidation cost the resistance heavily in manpower and population. Base-area economies suffered serious strain, and the peasantry endured hardships more severe than at any earlier point. This stalemate had two main dimensions. The first was the growing resentment of the Nationalists toward Communist expansion—resentment made especially sharp by their own losses. As the Nationalists were driven out of regions that had previously provided them their greatest wealth and power in the central and lower Yangtze basin, they also lost the "cream" of their armies. In contrast, the CCP was spreading through the wider countryside behind Japanese lines, extending its influence and winning broader popular support. The second dimension was Japan's desire—and need—to consolidate territories it had only nominally conquered and to extract economic value from them. After all, the logic of the "China Incident" was to draw on China's labor and resources to strengthen Japan, not to bleed Japan's gains away by draining wealth into China's vast interior. A Japanese colonel, lamenting the situation, captured the frustration of this drift into deeper entanglement: he regretted that Japan had not ended the "China Incident" once its initial objectives were reached. Instead, Japan was drawn into the hinterland and became bogged down in endless attrition—leaving it with little more than "real estate" rather than the popular support it believed it would secure from those it claimed to "liberate." To improve their position, Japanese authorities—still fragmented by internal rivalry—pursued several strategies. One was a new peace offensive aimed simultaneously at Jiang Jieshi, alongside efforts to establish a "reformed" Nationalist government under Wang Jingwei, who had fled Chongqing in December 1938. Japan also recruited more collaborators and puppet officials. Finally, it carried out forceful military, political, and economic measures intended to establish effective territorial control and eliminate opposition. During the middle years of the war, the Communists described their conflicts with the Nationalists using the euphemism "friction". By 1939, what many observers—possibly incorrectly—had viewed as an unusually warm alliance began to break down. In early 1939, the KMT Central Committee adopted measures meant to restrict the CCP. From the summer onward, military clashes began and continued into autumn and winter with increasing frequency and intensity, most of them concentrated around and within the North China base areas. The Communists later labeled the period from December 1939 to March 1940 the "first anti-Communist upsurge." Naturally, each side accused the other of aggression and claimed self-defense against unjust attacks. Strategically, though, the North China "upsurge" functioned as a Nationalist attempt to limit the CCP's expansion beyond the areas assigned to it and to regain influence in regions the Communists—or the Japanese—had already taken from the KMT. Jiang Jieshi framed the matter as a defense of legal rights grounded in tradition, while the Communists asserted an "evolutionary" right to challenge the moral legitimacy of those legal claims. During 1939, the Nationalists began to blockade Shen–Gan–Ning around its southern and western perimeter. Within a year, this blockade grew to nearly 400,000 troops, including some of the last remaining Central Army units under the command of Hu Zongnan. The blockade stopped further Communist expansion, especially into Gansu and Suiyuan, and severed direct contact between SKN and Communists operating in Xinjiang (Chinese Turkestan) adjacent to Soviet Central Asia. The Xinjiang Communists—including Mao Zedong's brother—were eliminated in 1942. Meanwhile, fierce fighting erupted along the Gansu–Shaanxi border and in the north-eastern corner of SKN near the Great Wall at Suide, as the blockading forces probed for weak points. Elements of He Long's 120th Division were even pulled back from the Jin–Sui base across the Yellow River to strengthen SKN's regular defenses. Economically, the blockade was even more damaging. During 1939, central government subsidies to the Border Region budget were cut off. Trade between the Border Region and other parts of China nearly stopped, a devastating blow to a region unable to supply itself with many basic commodities. At the same time, Nationalist and regional forces also attempted to expand their military and administrative authority into Hebei, Shanxi, Henan, and Shandong—areas the CCP now considered its base zones. In resisting these efforts, the CCP predictable accused its rivals of harming resistance work and damaging the people's interests. The "experts in dissension" were said to cooperate with the Japanese and their puppets. Based on increasing collaboration by regional units with Japan, the CCP implied that this was a deliberate and cynical strategy—described as "crooked-line patriotism"—intended to preserve those units for future anti-Communist operations. Even so, the CCP tried to avoid an open break with the Nationalist regime in Chongqing. In public, it consistently portrayed these clashes as being initiated by local commanders acting beyond orders from higher authority—despite knowing this depiction was false. Jiang Jieshi, unable to refute the claim outright, effectively permitted it to serve as the justification for a firm Communist response. Mao Zedong outlined the general resistance policy as "justification, expedience, and restraint". The CCP was to fight when it could claim justification and when it could gain advantage, but not to press attacks beyond what the Nationalists would tolerate or in ways that could damage its image as selfless patriots. Communist forces were expected to keep initiative as much as possible in their own hands—deciding when to engage, whether to engage, and when to disengage. The most striking episode of the "first anti-Communist upsurge" was the rupture with Yan Xishan in December 1939. Tensions in Shanxi had been rising throughout the summer and autumn, as Yan and his conservative supporters—associated with the "Old Army"—linked the Sacrifice League and the Dare-to-die Corps of the "New Army" with Communist forces. When base areas and Japanese occupation eventually took over much of his province, Yan was forced into exile at Qiulin across the Yellow River in Shaanxi. In November, Yan ordered his Old Army to disarm the Dare-to-die forces with help from central units dispatched by Hu Zongnan. In the bloody fighting that followed, these elements gradually broke free of even nominal provincial control and fully completed their connection with Communist forces. More than 30,000 people went over to the Communists. One KMT intelligence agent described the process with bitterness and a sense of inevitability: the Communists were first "full of sweet words," flattery, and distortions designed to open things up and conceal their actions. But once they had fully entrenched themselves, and once the low-level base had been established, they turned and bit. The agent suggested they had suspected things might end this way, but were not aware how quickly events would move—or that it could happen precisely while Communist calls for "united front" and "maintenance of unity for resistance" filled the air. About a month later, in February and March 1940, elements of the 8RA beat back this so-called upsurge. Zhang Yinwu's forces were disarmed and dispersed across the plains of north Hebei. To the south, Chu Huaiping and Shi Yusan were pushed out of the base area, as was the KMT-appointed provincial governor Lu Zhonglin. Although some non-Communist forces remained in the region, the CCP's and CCLY bases were never again seriously threatened by forces affiliated with the central government. Reinforcing the CCP's accusations, Shi Yusan was later executed in 1940 by the central government for collaboration with the Japanese. By late 1939, CCP central authorities maintained that the areas where the CCP could expand its armed strength were mainly limited to Shandong and Central China. In those regions, the CCP continued trying to carve out bases where they could operate. The situation in Shandong was complicated. After the Japanese invasion, most Nationalist-affiliated forces stayed in the province, while Communist forces and bases were weaker and more scattered than further west. Only in late 1938 did major 8RA units from the 115th and 129th Divisions—led by Xu Xiangqian and Luo Ronghuan—enter Shandong to link up with the Shandong column and local guerrillas, including survivors of a large band recently decimated by the Japanese. Even with these efforts, Communist actions led to clashes not only with Japanese forces but also with various Nationalist-affiliated groups—groups that were stronger than the Communists at the time. Until late 1940, the CCP's clashes with Nationalist forces in Shandong were actually bloodier than clashes with the Japanese. The CCP understood that its Chinese rivals mistrusted one another, and that their attitudes toward the CCP varied widely. The main Nationalist forces were often not tightly affiliated with Chiang Kai-shek or the central government. Instead, they operated under independent—and at times disgruntled—regional commanders. Communist tactics were expressed through slogans emphasizing ways to win support and isolate hardliners: develop progressive forces and win over fence-sitters while isolating "die-hards"; flatter top echelons, enlist the middle ranks, and hit the rank and file; and win over Yi Xuezhong, isolate Shen Honglie, and eliminate Qin Qirong. Still, unlike other North China base areas, the Communists were unable for several years to neutralize Nationalist forces in Shandong. Even if Japanese mop-up campaigns had not weakened those Nationalists, the text suggests the Communists may still have struggled to do so. By November 1940, Xu Xiangqian claimed meaningful progress while admitting Shandong had not yet become a fully consolidated base. CCP successes were greatest along parts of the Shandong–Hebei border, around the Taishan massif in central Shandong, and near the tip of the peninsula far to the east. Elsewhere, "progressive forces" remained weak. Communist regular troops numbered about 70,000, which was far below the party center's goals of 150,000 regulars and between 1.5 and 2 million self-defense forces. Moreover, systematic economic reforms had barely begun. The CCP relied on familiar practices—confiscations, collections of "national salvation grain," contributions, and loans—alongside a conventional taxation system adjusted to favor poorer peasants. Communist expansion in Central China was even riskier, with a greater likelihood of large-scale conflict with central government forces than in the north. In much of North China, "friction" came primarily from rapid Communist expansion into areas with partial vacuums. In Central China, however, base-building required displacing an existing Nationalist military-administrative presence closely tied to Jiang Kai-shek and the Chongqing government. The burden of this expansion was carried mainly by the 6th Detachment (northern Anhui and Jiangsu) and the 5th Detachment, which was reinforced by 15,000 to 20,000 8RA troops under Huang K'o-ch'eng. As Chen Yi's 1st Detachment crossed from south to north through the corridor provided by Guan Wenwei's local forces, it became actively involved as well. This expansion—driven by increasingly urgent directives from Mao and Liu during the latter part of 1939 and into 1940—brought the N4A north of the river into ever more frequent and sharper clashes with Nationalist authorities in Anhui and Jiangsu, especially with units under Jiangsu governor Han Deqin. South of the river, though, Xiang Ying did not directly challenge Chongqing's commanders. Mao later charged that Xiang Ying may have been influenced by Wang Ming, or else he may simply have seen no realistic alternative. His forces—three detachments plus a headquarters unit—were heavily outnumbered by Qu Chutong's Nationalist units, not to mention Japanese forces and their puppets. Even if Mao insisted bases could be built "anywhere," the Shanghai–Hangzhou–Nanjing triangle was especially difficult terrain. Xiang Ying and his followers had survived with extraordinary tenacity in the mountains of South China between 1934 and 1937, enduring brutal search-and-destroy operations that were not lifted until the war began. It therefore seems unlikely that such survivors would suddenly become "right-wing capitulationists."  Yet by spring 1940, Mao was pressing Xiang Ying more intensely. The Central Committee's message was explicit: expansion was necessary in all cases. It meant reaching into all enemy-occupied areas rather than being bound by the Kuomintang's restrictions—going beyond Kuomintang limits, not waiting for official appointments, not depending on higher-ups for financing, and instead expanding armed forces freely and independently. It also meant setting up base areas without hesitation, independently mobilizing the masses in those areas, and building united front organs of political power under Communist Party leadership. The struggle between Nationalists and Communists involved more than contests for control of territory behind Japanese lines. It also involved national-level politics, ideology, and leadership. One worrying development for the CCP was the campaign throughout 1939 to expand Jiang Kai-shek's prestige and formal power—adding more titles for him across major party, government, and military positions. In early 1939, the Central Executive Committee appointed him "director-general" of the Kuomintang, a title reminiscent of the one previously held by Sun Yat-sen. In addition, during the summer and autumn of 1939 there was talk of constitutional rule. In November, the KMT announced plans to convene a constitutional assembly the following year. If Jiang could fulfill these promises, he and his government could gain new legitimacy and wider popularity. Mao and his colleagues could not allow this to go unchallenged. If the Nationalists were to have a paramount leader and authoritative spokesperson, the CCP needed one as well. The timing of Mao's famous "On the new democracy"—written in late 1939 and published the next January—was therefore no accident. Its substance had been anticipated earlier, but its final timing and full development were shaped by the KMT's constitutional movement. The CCP's entry into this competition served as both a bid for support away from the KMT and a statement of the multi-class united front that the CCP wanted to lead. Although "On the new democracy" was written in a tone that seemed moderate, it persuaded many Chinese readers that the CCP had either diluted its revolutionary objectives or postponed them to a distant future. In Kuomintang-controlled areas, the work could be read through the liberal values associated with Anglo-American democracy—popular participation, multi-party government, legally protected civil rights. In CCP-controlled territories, the same language carried stronger authoritarian, class-based meanings. In internal documents meant for party audiences rather than public consumption, the ambiguity was removed, showing a tough but patient and flexible commitment not only to resistance but also to social control and social change. During this same period, the Communists expressed deep concern about Nationalist capitulation to Japan—not only on the battlefield behind Japanese lines but also at the highest levels. Some of this concern was propaganda, but beneath propaganda lay genuine anxiety. In late 1939 and early 1940, politically aware Chinese already knew that Japan was negotiating with the unpredictable Wang Jingwei, who had fled Chongqing a year earlier. A "reorganized national government" in Nanjing was finally established in March 1940, representing the most formidable collaboration with Japan to date. Less well known, but equally important, was that Japan was also seeking an understanding directly with Jiang Kai-shek through intermediaries in Hong Kong. This effort, called "Operation Kiri"—described as spreading a "feast for Chiang"—combined intrigue with a kind of dark comedy. Reports suggested Chiang's reported interest in peace could have been a stratagem designed to discredit Wang Jingwei by keeping him waiting. But even if Chiang had no intention of coming to terms with Japan, the Communists could not be sure what the outcome would be until after the multi-pronged peace offensive had failed. By the middle of 1940, China had never been so isolated. In Europe, the "phony war" ended in the spring when Germany launched a blitz across the Low Countries. France fell soon after, and England appeared likely to be next. Japan used this moment to press China to sever its last tenuous connections to the outside world: cutting the Burma Road, trade with neutral Hong Kong, and the rail link running from Hanoi to Kunming. At the same time, Russia was engaged in a difficult and embarrassing war with Finland and reduced military aid to the Nationalists. The United States was only gradually moving away from isolationism and clearly regarded England as more important than China. In Chongqing and elsewhere in "Free China," signs of war weariness, despair, and demoralization were visible. Under these circumstances, Mao's insistence on aggressive expansion was a calculated risk—either it would deter any Japanese advance, or it would place the Communists in the strongest possible position in case a split between the KMT and the CCP became unavoidable. In Central China, the size and pace of the fighting kept increasing, starting in the final months of 1939. One flashpoint was the clash between Luo Pinghui's 5th Detachment and units of Han Deqin's Jiangsu force near Lake Gaoyou. In the following months, Guan Wenwei's forces ranged along the left bank of the Yangtze, repeatedly running into Luo's troops as they operated farther north. Luo also began receiving some 8RA reinforcements, moving them south through areas controlled by the 6th Detachment. Clearly, a major showdown was taking shape across north and central Jiangsu. At the same time, the South Yangtze Command was doing poorly. Nationalist commanders Leng Xin and Qu Chutong restricted its activities so severely that Mao and Liu gradually abandoned the idea of building a unified, consolidated base in that region. During late spring and early summer, Chen Yi moved most of his 1st and 2nd Detachments north of the Yangtze. In September, the 3rd Detachment followed suit, crossing the river into the area around Lake Chaohu, where the 4th Detachment was already stationed. After these moves, only the Headquarters Detachment—under Ye Ting and Xiang Ying—remained south of the Yangtze, positioned at Qingxian in southern Anhui. As the military situation edged toward an open confrontation, negotiations began in June 1940 between representatives of the KMT and the CCP. The core issues were Communist operating zones and the authorized strength of the armies led by the CCP. Proposals were exchanged, followed by equally sharp and hostile counter-proposals, but no agreement was reached. The KMT viewed it as a concession to permit the CCP "free rein" north of the pre-1938 course of the Yellow River, with the exception of southern Shanxi, which was to remain under the influence of Yan Xishan. In exchange, the KMT demanded that all 8RA and N4A units evacuate Central China. In effect, the KMT was offering the CCP something it was already prepared to allow, in return for the CCP giving up what it might soon be able to obtain by force of arms. Nationalist authorities then issued a set of deadlines, but without clearly stating what would happen if those deadlines were violated. On the surface, the CCP appeared to be complying in part. The movements of Chen Yi and the South Yangtze Command could look like obedience, but in reality they were responses to orders coming from their own superior leadership rather than instructions issued by the Nationalists. Even so, Xiang Ying's continued delays and evasions during the autumn and winter of 1940 remained puzzling. One possibility is that he felt—quite reasonably—that Mao had already lost confidence in him and that once he crossed to the north bank of the river he would lose his command. Another complication was that directives from Yan'an were sometimes ambiguous and even contradictory. He may also have been trying to reach secure understandings with KMT commanders about evacuation routes and guaranteed safe conduct out of the area. For a period, Han Teqin kept most of his forces—estimated at about 70,000 men, far outnumbering the N4A—in north Jiangsu, thereby blocking the expansion of the 6th Detachment and slowing further southern intrusions by 8RA troops. But by mid-summer he realized he would have to counter the N4A build-up in central Jiangsu, or else risk writing that region off to the Communists. A confusing sequence of engagements then unfolded, culminating in a decisive battle in early October 1940 near the central Jiangsu town of Huangjiao. Over the course of four days, several of Han's main-force units belonging to the 89th Army were destroyed, while others were scattered. That battle also served as a signal for the 6th Detachment to advance more aggressively in the north. In the aftermath, one of Han's principal commanders entered collaboration with the CCP, while another defected to the Nanjing government under Wang Jingwei. Although Han Teqin managed to maintain a foothold in Jiangsu until 1943, his real power had been broken. Relatively little attention was paid to the battle of Huangjiao in the Chinese press. The KMT did not want to publicize what it considered a disastrous defeat, while the Communists were satisfied to stay silent about an episode that conflicted with their proclaimed policy of a united front. As could be expected, during the autumn—after Han Teqin's defeat—KMT-CCP negotiations deteriorated further. In early December, Jiang Kai-shek personally ordered that all N4A forces withdraw from southern Anhui and southern Jiangsu by 31 December. He also ordered that the entire 8RA be positioned north of the Yellow River by the same deadline, followed one month later by the N4A. Discussions then followed between Ye Ting and Qu Chutong's deputies concerning the route to be taken, safe conduct, and—astonishingly—the money and supplies that were to be provided to the N4A to help it move. On 25 December, Mao Zedong ordered Xiang Ying to begin evacuating immediately. Yet it was not until 4 January 1941 that Ye and Xiang actually started moving. Almost immediately, Qu Chutong's forces harassed and dispersed the N4A Headquarters Group, which included administrative personnel, wounded soldiers and dependents, as well as combat-ready troops. In an attempt to reorganize, they moved southwest toward Maolin, where they were surrounded by Nationalists and, over the next several days, were cut to pieces. Losses were heavy on both sides. The CCP suffered an estimated 9,000 casualties. Xiang Ying tried twice to break out of the blockade on his own, but failed. He was then denounced as a deserter by Ye Ting, who took over full command of the doomed forces. Xiang Ying eventually escaped, but he was killed a couple of months later by one of his own bodyguards, motivated by the N4A gold reserves that he had taken with him. Up to the very end, Xiang either failed or refused to seek refuge in Liu Shaoqi's domain north of the Yangtze. The unfortunate Ye Ting was arrested and spent the rest of the war in prison. He was finally released in 1946, only to die one month later in a plane crash, along with several other high-ranking party members. On 17 January, Jiang Kai-shek declared that the New Fourth Army was dissolved for insubordination. Direct contacts between Yan'an and Chongqing nearly came to an end, and CCP military liaison offices in several cities held by the Nationalists were closed. This is what became known as the New Fourth Army incident, also referred to as the South Anhui incident. Clearly, it functioned as an act of retaliation for the defeats suffered by Han Teqin in north and central Jiangsu. It ended any realistic prospect of establishing a consolidated Communist base south of the Yangtze. Still, from a strategic perspective, these losses were ultimately more than offset by the gains achieved farther north. In fact, only a few months later, the reorganized N4A quietly began reintroducing some units into this region, where they carried out guerrilla activities without possessing a secure territorial base. Unlike the relative silence surrounding the fighting at Huangjiao, the New Fourth Army incident sparked bitter, prolonged controversy. The CCP argued that it was a second "anti-Communist upsurge," even more serious than the first. Presenting themselves as martyred patriots, they depicted their opponents as people who wanted to end the War of Resistance through what they called "Sino-Japanese cooperation" aimed at "suppressing the Communists." In their account, the Nationalists wanted to replace the war of resistance with civil war, substitute capitulation for independence, trade unity for a split, and replace light with darkness. People were telling each other the news and were horrified. Indeed, they claimed that the situation had never been as critical as it was at that moment. The Nationalist response, of course, was that provocations had been numerous and serious, and that violations of military discipline could not be tolerated. But the KMT's unwillingness to describe in detail its own defeats at the CCP's hands left it speaking in broad generalities. In the propaganda battle, the CCP clearly gained the better position and won more political capital. If it was politically valuable to be regarded as a national hero, it was even more valuable to be seen as a national martyr.  Many Chinese—and some outside—observers were genuinely alarmed and feared that civil war might openly resume. Yet, with a few exceptions, the events that culminated in the New Fourth Army incident have generally been interpreted as marking the breakdown of the second united front. That interpretation, however, is described as being wrong in two respects. First, the CCP understood the united front not as a narrow arrangement limited to a few major partners, but as a strategy that could be applied flexibly to all political, military, and social forces in China—from the highest levels of the central government down to the smallest village. Relations with Jiang Jieshi and the Guomindang regime mattered, but they did not, by themselves, constitute the whole of the united front. Even regarding Jiang and the Nationalists specifically, the common reading is said to be misguided. Throughout the war, a cardinal objective of the united front was to prevent peace between Japan and the Nationalists. Therefore, if clashes between CCP forces and those of the central government on such a large scale as at Huangjiao and Maolin could occur without leading to peace with Japan and without triggering a full-scale resumption of civil war, then this should not be understood as the end of the united front—it should be seen as its fundamental vindication. If friction at that scale could nevertheless be tolerated by Jiang Jieshi, then fears about his future accommodation with Japan were greatly reduced. Following the New Fourth Army incident, the CCP reorganized its political and military presence in Central China. The Central Plains and South-east China Bureaus were merged and renamed the Central China Bureau, with Liu Shaoqi placed in charge, reflecting the area's importance to Party Central. The New Fourth Army was also reorganized completely and substantially regularized. Chen Yi became its new acting commander, since Ye Ting was imprisoned. He directed the force, now divided into seven divisions. Each division had territorial responsibilities, and in each region the CCP claimed the establishment of a base. Indeed, base construction proceeded in earnest only after the friction of 1940 and the New Fourth Army incident. In the years that followed, the operating areas of the First through Fourth Divisions contained expanding enclaves of consolidated territory, where military dominance was joined with open party work: administrative control, the development of mass organizations, local elections, and socio-economic reforms. The other three areas fluctuated between semi-consolidated and guerrilla status. With the incident, the worst phase of the KMT-CCP conflict was now over. When CCP documents later speak of a third upsurge in 1943, they refer to something openly political. With the exception of Shandong—where a fairly strong Nationalist presence persisted for a longer time—the overall balance of power among Chinese forces behind Japanese lines had shifted in favor of the CCP by mid-1941. In subsequent years the CCP's predominance became even more pronounced, until by the end of 1943 the Communists were virtually beyond challenge by Chinese rivals.   I would like to take this time to remind you all that this podcast is only made possible through the efforts of Kings and Generals over at Youtube. Please go subscribe to Kings and Generals over at Youtube and to continue helping us produce this content please check out www.patreon.com/kingsandgenerals. If you are still hungry after that, give my personal channel a look over at The Pacific War Channel at Youtube, it would mean a lot to me. After the CCP and KMT entered the united front, cooperation felt conditional from the start. Mao pushed the New Fourth Army to reorganize and preserve Communist autonomy, even as the 1937 agreements publicly pledged obedience to KMT leadership. In 1939–40 the Communists worried that Chiang might negotiate peace with Japan; so they expanded bases and military presence, triggering repeated clashes. The pressure intensified when KMT orders forced the New Fourth Army to evacuate south Anhui in late 1940. 

Dr. Päivi Räsänen, Former Minister of the Interior of Finland The post An Update on a Freedom of Speech and Religion Case Involving Lutheran Leaders in Finland – Dr. Päivi Räsänen, 5/8/26 (1283) first appeared on Issues, Etc..